be Rich. A New Map of VIRGINIA By Rob t Morden NO sooner had Colonus alias Columbus made his prime discovery of the Western World when seconded by John Cabot a Venetian the Father of Sebastian Cabot in behalf by the incouragement and at the charges of Henry the Seventh King of England who in the year 1497 discovered all this Coast from the Cape of Florida in the South beyond New-found-land in the North as far as to the Latitude of 67 and half Causing the Sachims or Petit-Kings to turn Homagers to the King and Crown of England This discovery by the two Cabots Father and Son did first intitle he Crown of England to the right of that vast Tract of Land. This design was after seconded by Mr. Hare bringing thence certain of the said Petit-Kings who did homage to King Henry the Eight Rediscovered by the Direction and at the charge of Sir Walter Rawleigh Anno 1584 who sending Mr. Philip Amadas and Mr. Arthur Barlow did take possession thereof in Queen Elizabeths name in honor of whom he caused all the said Tract of Land to be called Virginia Some say it was so called by the Queen her self by the Natives called Apalchen but Virginia is now circumscribed by that space of Land that lies between Mary-land which bounds it on the North and Carolina on the South New-England New-York New-Jersey Mary-land Carolina and Pensilvania have since been separated from it by particular Patents and made distinct Provinces of themselves The entrance by Sea into this Country is by the Mouth of the Bay of Chesapeac between Cape Henry and Cape Charles The chief Rivers of Virginia are 1. Powhatan now called James River on the West side of the mouth of the Bay of Chesapeac this River is at its entrance about three Miles wide and Navigable about one hundred and fifty Miles 2. Pamaunkee termed York River fourteen Miles Northward from James River Navigable now sixty or seventy Miles but with small Vessels about thirty or forty Miles farther 3. Rappahanoc antiently known by the name of Toppahanoc Navigable about one hundred and thirty Miles Besides these Navigable and more principal Rivers there are other smaller Rivers and of less note which fall into some or other of the forementioned Into Powhattan falls Apumatuc Southward Eastward Quyonycahanuc Nunsamund and Chesopeac Northward Chickâ—mabania Into Pamuunkee fall Poyankatank That part of the Country now planted by the English is divided into Nineteen Counties viz. On the Eastern Shore the Country of Northampton in Acomack on the Western Shore the Counties of Caratuck Lower-Norfolk Nansemund Isle of Wight Surry Warwick Henrico James Charles York New-Kent Glocester Middlesex Lancaster Northumberland Westmoreland Rappahanock and Hartford Of the few Towns hitherto erected in this Colony the chief is James Town the principal seat of the English and so denominated from and in honor of King James of Great Britain This Town is situated in a Peninsula on the North-side of James-River and hath in it many fair Houses whereof some are of Brick and at a little distant from the City is a fair Brick House called Green-Spring whe e the present Governor himself usually resides The other English Towns of most considerable note are only three viz. Henricopolis or Henry's Town situated about eighty Miles from James's City farther within Land Dales Gift so named from Sir Thomas Dale Deputy-Governor in the year 1610 at whose charges it was built and planted and Elizabeth's City containing several good Houses of Brick and Stone and lying on the same side of the River with James's City only nearer the mouth of the River Though English and other Foreign Coyns are not wholly wanting here upon several occasions yet the usual way of Traffick is by exchange of one Commodity for another but the general Standard by which all other Commodities receive their value is Tobacco which of all other Commodities this Country is capable of producing hath been hitherto the Subject of the Planters Industry of which there are two sorts one called Sweet-Scented the other called Oranoac which signifies as much as bright and large the first is of the greatest price the other more in quantity The Plantations that are judg'd to produce the best sort of Sweet-Scented are upon York River Of this Commodity of Tobacco there is so great a quantity planted in Virginia and imported from thence into England that the Custom and Excise paid for it in England yields the King about 50000 or 60000 Pound Sterling yearly for there are bound hither every year above one hundred and fifty Sail of Ships from England and other English Plantations merely for the taking off of this Commodity which they barter for Clothing Houshold-Stuff and all manner of Utensils and the only thing which lessens the value of it is the great quantity that is planted of it which if it were in less abundance it would be of much more esteem and yield far greater profit The Government of Virginia is by a Governor and Council deputed and authorized from time to time by the King of Great Britain the Legislative Power being in the Governor and a General Assembly which he calls to advise with and which consists of two Houses the upper House which is the Council it self and the lower which consists of chosen Bugâ—sses The chief Court of Judicature where all Civil and Criminal Causes are heard and determined and where the Governor and Council are Judges is called the Quarter-Court as being held every quarter of a year There are also Inferior Courts which are kept every Month in each of the forementioned Counties where matters not of the highest moment that is to say not relating to Life or Member or exceeding a certain limited value are tried and from whence in such Cases Appeals are made to the Quarter Courts There are likewise appointed by the Governor for the better administration of Justice in every respective Country Sheriffs Justices of Peace and other Officers of whom being deputed by the Governor to sit there these Country-Courts chiefly consist The Climate of Virginia is generally healthful and since the rectification of Diet and Lodging not disagreeable to English Bodies however at the first Plantation they were subject to a Distemper called a Seasoning though of late not frequent and much less mortal A Description of Mary-Land MAry-Land is a large and fertile Province lying between thirty eight Degrees and forty Degrees of North Latitude upon both sides of Cheasa-peak-Bay which is Navigable near two hundred Miles The Southerly Banks of the River Patow-meck divide it from Virginia on the South The Atlantick Ocean and Delaware Bay bounds it on the East Pensilvania on the North and the Meridian of the first Fountain of the River Patow-meck on the West This Province of Mary-Land his Majesty King Charles the First Anno 1632 granted by Patent to the Right Honourable Caecilius Calvert Lord Baltemore and to his Heirs and Assigns and by that Patent created him and
Joktheel 2 Kings 14.7 The Soldans of Egypt for the exceeding strength thereof kept therein all their Treasures Of this place see more in the Description of Canaan and the bordering Countries Bostra now Bussereth is a place of good Esteem I suppose the same with Petra Tor or El Tor upon the Red Sea is a pitiful Haven defended by a Four-square Castle near to it are found Champignons petrified white Coral Seal-skins Small Oysters and somtimes Sea-Monsters like Men. They report that this was the Haven Ezion Geber from which Solomon sent his Ships for Ophir Mount Horeb and Sinai are famous in Scripture Arabia the Desert or Beriara is a place almost quite destitute of Water or if there be any Wells the Water is for little service Ana upon the Euphrates the place where the Grand Signior's Tribute is paid as the Lord of the Country is the best place in it There is one King in Arabia that has a moving and portative City that is to say it consists in Tents which he can command them to carry where he pleases Sumiscasac is thought to be the ancient Saba whence the Magi set forth to adore Christ and the Queen to visit Solomon But Sir Thomas Herbert tells us That after the Flood Nimrod Sovereignizing at Babylon his Brother Havilah seated his Colony in Susiana Seba Raamah and Sabbata in Arabia Seba or Sheba fixed on the Western Coast adjacent to the Red Sea where he built a City after his own Name from whence the Queen came that visited Solomon as he supposeth That Sabata planted the South-part of Arabia and Raamah or Rhegma on the North-East part towards Balsera where they built Cities after their Names mention'd Ezek. 27. In these parts was the Wilderness where the Children of Israel wandered 40 years Here Moses established Ecclesiastical and Political Laws Here was the burning Bush the Water-bearing Rock the Mountains of Sinai and Horeb and Mount Hor where Aaron died The Happy Arabia Hyaman or Aiman Gemen or Giamen Turcis Marmotta Sarracenis Sabaea Plin. carries that Name as being a more fruitful Soil than either of the two It breeds excellent Horses Manna Cinnamon Myrrhe Balsam Benjamin Incense and other Perfumes so that if Aromatick Gums Succulent Fruits Fragrant Flowers and such sort of Delicacies please thy Sense say Arabia is the Phoenix of the East and with Danaeus The Epitome of Delight and with St. Austin Paradise The Air is temperate and healthful The Country enriched with pleasant Streams and Fountains whose Waters are Medicinal Aden is a Town of great Trade standing in a little Peninsula at the foot of a Mountain guarded with two Castles towards the North and a small Fortress at the Entry into the Haven The Portugueses when they first setled themselves in the Indies had a design to make themselves Masters of this City as also of Ormus and Malaca But the Turk prevented them from taking Aden the King whereof they hung at the Yards-Arm of the Admiral 's Gally Since which some other Revolutions have happen'd so that the Natives of the Country have again dispossessed the Turks Mecca and Meâ—ina are famous for the Pilgrimages of the Mahometans For which they that make them are in high esteem among the rest They go particularly to Mecca to pay their Devotions to a Four-square House which they call The House of God and pretend the same to have been built by Abraham This City containing about 6000 Houses stands about a days Journy from the Red Sea being the place where Mahomet was born whose Body was afterwards translated to Medina upon the discovery of Albuquerque the Portuguese's design to have surprized the Port of Ziden otherwise Gidde with an intention to have carried away that Mahometan Relique The Country about Mecca produceth abundance of that sort of Berry of which Coffee is made Kufa or Kalufa the Holy City called Rastack when walled by Omir the Burial place of Mortis-Ali Saint King and Prophet of the Persians Medina is three days Journy from the Red Sea the burying place of Mahomet as the Turks pretend The Sepulchre or Tomb wherein Mahomet lieth is enclosed within an Iron Grate and covered with Green Velvet which is every Year made new and sent by the Grand Signior the old one being by the Priests cut in little pieces and sold at great Rates as Reliques to the Pilgrims In the Temple where this Tomb is placed there are said to be 3000 Lamps of Gold and Silver wherein is Balsam and other rich Odors Ointments and Oils continually kept burning They would impose it for a Miracle that his Tomb should hang in the Air by means of the Loadstone But besides that there is no such thing were it true there were no wonder in it For Democrates the Athenian by the Order of Ptolomy King of Egypt undertook to make the Statue of Arsinoe all of Iron and to hang it up in the same manner And in the Temple of Serapis in Alexandria there was an Iron Sun that hung in the Air by the force of a Loadstone being a rare piece of Workmanship The Prince of Mecca called Sultan Sheriff is one of the most potent Princes in all Arabia His Residence is usually at Almacharana seated on the top of an high Mountain of difficult access Sanaa is one of the greatest fairest and strongest Towns of Arabia adorned with Vineyards Meadows and Gardens Dafar is one of the chief Ports upon the Red Sea next to Zibit near the mouth of the Red Sea which is Fair Rich and of great Trade for Drugs Spices Perfumes c. Once the Residence of a Turkish Beglerbeg before that the Seat of a King beheaded by the Turks at the same time when the King of Aden was hanged at the Yards-Arm of the Admiral 's Ship. The Ports of Dolfar and Pescher are most renowned on the South-Coast for Frankincense The Grand Signior the Persian Sophi and other Mahometan Monarchs oft-times send him Presents and the first allows him also some part of the Revenue of Egypt because he is of the Race of Mahomet and to oblige him to be kind to the Pilgrim Turks Fartach a Kingdom and City near the Sea Caxem Gubelhaman Alibinali Amanziridin Masfate Mascalat and Jemen are so many Sultanies or petty Kingdoms in the Happy Arabia Mascate or Mascatsaif not far from Rozelgate Corodanum Ptol. Macin Amian thought to be Rhaguma Rhegma of Ptol. the Raamah of Ezek. 27.22 formerly belonging to the Portuguese had for a long time all the Trade of the Indies to Mecca through the conveniency of the Cities Elcatif or the ancient Gerra which communicates its Name to the Persian Gulph and Labsa or Lazarch Sohar in the Eastern part had also formerly the Trade but since the same hath been translated to Ormus and Gombron Mocha upon the Red Sea is an open City indifferently well built and fortified with a small Castle In it there live Jews Persians Armenians Indians and Banians So that it is a Town of
is a very ten perate Country interdivided with several Rivers which having water'd the Plains fall into the great River of Plata The Inhabitants are docible lovers of peace rather than War So that the Spanish Captain that subdu'd them had no great need of any considerable force for that purpose They have many Cities where they live under the Jurisdiction of the Caciques and their Wealth consists rather in Cattel than Mines The Spaniards have a Governor there and the principal City is St. Jago de Estero in the mid-way between Buenos Ayres and Potosi Then St. Miguel de Tucumen N. S. de Talevera on the River Salado Corduba on the Road from Bueyos Ayres and Potosi and from Sancta Fee to St Jago in Chili The Quirandies to the Meridional part partake apparently of the Scithian humor For they live in Huts that move upon Wheels and have always made great resistance against the Spaniards The Trapalandes the Juries and Diaquites are the most famous BRAZILE A New Decription by Robt. Morden BRasile was called the Country of the Holy Cross when it was first discovered which was in the year 1501 in the name of the King of Portugal it extends it self all along upon the North Sea toward the North and East with great Rocks near the Shore under Water the distances between which make several good Ports The bounds thereof towards the West are not known The Southern bounds are variously placed according to the wills of Portugals and the Spaniards for both the one and the other interpret according to their own sense the Regulation that was made in the year 1493 and both claim the possession of the River of Plata and the Molucca Islands making to that effect Geographical Maps to their own advantage By this Regulation Alexander the Sixth whom Sixtus the Fifth extols for one of the three greatest Popes of the Church invested Ferdinand King of Arragon and Isabel Queen of Castile his Wife in all the Lands to the West of an Imaginary Line drawn from one Pole to the other one hundred Leagues beyond the Isles of Azores That was discovered to the East of this Line was to belong to the King of Portugal the difficulty was to put it in execution for on the one side the Castillians began to count these hundred Leagues from the most Occidental part of the Azores and the Portugueses reckon'd from the most Oriental with a design to exchange the Deserts of America for the Possession of the wealthy Molucca's which were afterwards engaged to their King by the Emperor Charles the Fifth for three hundred and fifty thousand Duckers At length because these two Nations could no more agree in this particular than in many others the Portugals accounted Brasile all that which extends from the River Maranhaon to the River of Plata Southward and the Spaniards placed the Southern bounds thereof at Cape St. Vincents Though Brasile lie under the Torrid Zone nevertheless the Air is temperate and the Water the best in the World so that the People live often to the Age of an hundred and fifty years Besides Brasile the Country produces Amber Balsom Tobacco Train-Oil Cattle Sweet-meats above all things Sugar in abundance The neighbourhood of Plata gives the Portugueses great opportunities of sucking the Spaniards Silver from Peru. There are in Brasile living Creatures Trees Fruits and Roots not to be found any where else The Serpents Adders and Toads have Poison in them and therefore the Natives feed upon them The Plains are destin'd for Sugar the Hills for Wood the Valleys for Tobacco for Fruits and Mandroche which is a certain Root of which they make Bread. The most part of the Villages do not contain above an hundred or sixscore Houses The Coast of Brasil is divided into several Capitanies which belong at this day all to the Portugals The French had formerly something to do there but the Hollanders lost all their footing in the year 1654 their Wars with England not permitting them to send any relief and the Portugals being far more numerous than they Nevertheless in the year 16 2 the Portuga s treated with them to allow them some damages to preserve their friendship when they were to defend themselves against the Spaniards Among all the Capitanies Tamaraca is the most antient though the smallest Fernanbuco is esteemed the Terrestrial Parâ—â—â—se by reason of the beauty of its Soil Bahia de Todos los Santos contains the City of San Salvador the Residence of the Governor which was taken in 1624 by the Hollanders who got so much Plunder there that every Common Soldier had for his share above fifteen thousand Crowns But this good Fortune was the cause of their retreat and their retreat gave the Portugals opportunity to retake it The Capitanie of Rio Janeiro which the Savages call Ganabara is a great Rendevouz for Ships by means of a navigable River or rather an Arm of the Sea that runs up ten or twelve Leagues into the Land some seven or eight Leagues broad In the year 16â—8 a Silver Mine was found in that Capitanie That of San Vincent contains Mines of Gold and Silver The City of Santos is able to harbor Vessels of four hundred Tuns in its Port in the year 1591 it was assaulted by Sir Thomas Cavendish The People of Brasil go naked for the most part and will cross great Rivers by the help of a Pannier and a Cord. The Chief are the Toupinambous Les Margajas Tapuyes and others who differ in Manners and Languages and are generally distinguished by the wearing of their hair They were more numerous before the coming of the Portugals but several Toupinambous to preserve their liberty crossed the great Deserts and went to live near the River Maranabon The Tapuyes are more difficult to be civilized than the Brasilians which inhabit the Aldees The Aldees are certain Villages which contain not above six or seven Houses but very large and able to contain five or six hundred Persons The most part of the Inhabitants of Brasil have so well defended themselves that notwithstanding the Wars they have had among themselves they have however hindred the Europeans from making any progress in the Conquest of their Lands And have also several times ruined the Plantations and Engines belonging the Sugar-works that are upon the Coast CASTILLA del Or GVIANA PERV The Country of the Amasones by Robt. Morden THE River Amazone is the greatest and swiftest River in America It begins at the foot of the Cordellier Mountains eight or ten Leagues from Quitoâ— From its Springs to its approaches to the Sea is according to its course eleven or twelve hundred Leagues at its mouth it is fifty or sixty Leagues wide It is inhabited by abundance of People and receives an innumerable company of Rivers The Voyages of Texeira tells us that the Counties about the Amazone enjoy a temperate Air. That the Annual Inundations like to those of Nile the great quantity of Trees and
happy composition wherein the King hath his full Prerogative the Nobility and Gentry Civil and due Respect and the People in general Masters of the Estates they can get by their Labours and Endeavours a Blessing that few Countries can boast of O happy and blessed England Thy Valleys are like Eden Thy Hills like Lebanon Thy Springs as Shiloe and thy Rivers as Jordan a Paradise of Pleasure and the Garden of God enriched with all the Blessings of Heaven and Earth Her chief Cities are London Londicium of Ptolomy Ant. Tac. Lunden Ger. Londra Iâ—â— Londres Gal. the Epitome of England the Seat of our British Empire the Chamber of the King and the chiefest Emporium or seat of Traffick in the World To describe all things in this City worthy to be known would take up a whole Volume I shall only say seated she is in an Excellent Air in a Fertile Soil and on the famous Navigable River Thomas about 60 miles from the Sea in 51 degr 30 min. North Latitude In Length from East to West seven English miles and a half and from North to South two miles and a half But of late years so increased and still multiplying in Building in all her parts that there can no Bounds or Limits be set to her Circumference The Buildings fair and stately for large Piazza's for spacious strait Streets and stately Uniform Building she has not any Rival in Europe It had 130 Parish-Churches besides Chappels the Mother-Church is that of St. Paul the only Cathedral of that Name in Europe It was a Structure for length 690 foot in breadth 130 in height 102 foot and contained about three Acres and a half of Ground Built in the form of a perfect Cross in the midst whereof was raised a Tower of stone 260 foot high and on that a Spire of Timber covered with Lead 260 foot more This stately Monument of England and Glory of the City of London was Ruined by the late Dreadful Conflagration in 1666. Yet since our late Gracious Soveraign Charles the Second like another Solomon laid a New Foundation of such a Fabrick as for Magnificence Splendor Figure and Excellent Architecture the World never saw the like The Model whereof was Designed by that Incomparable Architect Sir Christopher Wren And here I cannot but give a short Account of the vast Damage and Spoil done by th forementioned Fire It hath been computed that there were â—rnt wi hin the Walls of the City 12000 Houses and without 1000 Valued at three Millions and nine hundred thousand pounds Ster ing Besides 87 P risâ—-Churches the aforementioned Cathedral the Royal Exchange the Magni icent Guild-Hal the Cuâ—m-House the many Halls of Compa iâ— the Gates with other Publick â—uildings valued at two Millions The War-Houses Stuffs Money and Goods lost and spoiled were estimated to two Millions of pounds The Money spent in Removing of â—oâ—ds and Wares in the Hiâ— of Carts Bâ—ats Porters c. modâ—ly compuâ—d at the lâ—ast two hundred thousand pounds The whole Damage amounting at the least to Nine Millions nine hundred thousand pounds And what is most Remarkable that notwithstanding these excessive Losses by Fire the Devouring Pestilence but the Year before and the Chargeable War against three Potent Nations at the same time depending yet within four or five Years the City was Rebuilt divers stately Halls and Churches erected all infinitely more Beautiful more Commodious and more Solid than before for which all praise and glory be given to God by us and Posterity The vast Traffick and Commerce of this City may be guessed at by its Customs which though moderate compared with the Impositions of other Countries did formerly amount to about 300000 l. per Annum and now are increased by Report to a much greater Value Time would fail me here to speak of its Antiquity Stately Palaces Streets Exchanges Number of Inhabitants Trade and Government of its well-fortified Tower the Grand Arsenal of the Kingdom Its incomparable Bridge Publick Colledges Schools Hospitals Work-Houses c. I shall therefore only add London is a huge Magazine of Men Money Ships and all sorts of Commodities the Mighty Rendezvous of Nobility Gentry Courtiers Divines Lawyers Physicians Ladies Merchants Seamen and all kind of Excellent Artificers of the most Refined Wits and the most Excellent Beauties in the World. Of the Universities Oxford Oxonium Lat. Calleva Ant. Oxenford Sax. Rhidichin or Rhydychen Brit. And Cambridge Camboricum Ant. Cantabrigia Beda Granchester Sax. IN the beautiful Body of the Kingdom of England the two Eyes are the two Vniversities those Renowned Nurseries of Learning and Religion which for number of Magnificent and Richly Endowed Colledges for liberal Stipends to all sorts of publick Professors for number of well furnished Libraries for Number and Quality of Students exact Discipline and Order are not to be Parallel'd in the whole World. So famous beyond the Seas and so much surpassing all other in Forreign parts that they deserve a far worthier Pen than mine to Blazon their Excellency I shall therefore only say that nothing was ever devised more singularly advantagious to Gods Church and Mans Happiness than these Vniversities from whence men of Excellent parts after seasonable time in Study are called forth to serve both in Church and State. York Eboracum Ant. Eburacum Ptol. Caerfrock vel Caer-Efroc Brit. is a City of great Antiquity esteemed the second of England Famous for its Cathedral for the Birth-place of Constantine the Great and the Burial-place of Severus the Emperor it is the Title of the Kings second Son and an Archbishoprick Canterbury Durovernum Darvenum Ant. Ptol. Durovernia Beda is remarkable for being the Seat of an Archbishop who is Primate of all England Bristol Bristolium Famous for its Trade and Commerce and for its Scituation in two Counties Norwich Norvicum for its Industry in Woollen Manufactures Salisbury Sarum for its rare Cathedral wherein there are as many Doors as Months as many Windows as Days and as many Pillars as Hours in the Year Windsor Windlesora pleasantly seated on the side of the Thames and is famous for its stately Castle and Royal Palace of his Majesty Jam. II. Gloucester is the Title of the Third Son of Great Britain seated upon the Severn near the Isle Aldney where was fought the Combat between Edmund Iron-side King of the English Saxons and Canutus the Dane I had purposed to have given a more particular description of all the rest of the principal Cities in England but must defer it for a Treatise of England wherein each County is drawn for a Pocket-Volume after a more new and compendious way than ever yet extant I shall therefore here say no more of England Of Wales WALES by Rob Morden WALES is a Principality adjoyning to and annext in Government with England Inhabited by the Posterity of the Ancient Britans who being driven out of the rest of the Land by the intruding Saxons whom they sent for over to Assist them against
Brennoburgum a Bishops See and the first Seat of the Marquisses giving Name to the Country The Metropolis of the New is Francfurt Francofurtum ad Oderam a University 1506 enjoying a pleasant Situation among Corn-fields and Viney-downs so that Ceres and Bacchus seems both enamoured of it Berlin Berlinum seated in the midst of the Province is the place of the Prince Electors Residence Costrinum Costriin Custrin Kustrin is a very strong Fortress said never yet taken Havelburg is the Seat of a Bishop Besides this Marquisate whereunto the Electoral Dignity is annexed there belongs to this Prince the Dutchy of Prussia in Poland The Dutchy or moiety of Pomerania The Reversion of the Dutchy of Magdeburg The Dutchy of Cleves and Earldom of Mark The Principalities of Halberstat in Brunswick and Minden in Westphalia which he had in lieu of his Resignation of the Higher Pomerania to the Swede The Dutchy of Crossen and Lordship of Pregnitz in Silesia The Jurisdiction of Cotbuss or Cotwis and other Towns in Lusatia or Laussnitz The Branches of this Family are the Marquisses of Cutembach and Onspach Of Pomerania or Pomeren POmerania lies extended all along the shore of the Baltick Sea divided into the Upper and Lower Pomeren now Royal and Ducal Pomerania the first belonging to the Swedes the latter to the Elector of Brandenburg A Country plain populous and abundantly fruitful in Corn Pasturages Honey Butter Wax and Flax. Chief Places in Pomerania Royal are Stettin Stetinum memorable for its brave Siege and as brave defence in the year 1676. when taken from the Swedes since restored again 2. Wollin when Julinum a flourishing Emporium Anno 1170. sacked by Waldemarus King of Denmark 3. Gripswald a noted University 4. Wolgast over against the Isle Vsedom 5. Straelsundt alias Sundis a well Traded Empory over against the Isle Rugen Chief Places in Ducal Pomeran are Camin a Bishops See over against the Isle Wollin Colberg at the mouth of the River Persandt Coslin upon the River Radnie Newgâ—rten upon the Hamersbeck Stargard upon the Ina. Rugenwal upon the Wipper are all considerable Towns. This shall suffice for the Higher Saxony or the Eighth Circle of the Empire come we next to that of the Lower Saxony which contains Of the Dutchy of Mecklenburg MEckelburgiensis sive Megalopolitani Ducatus lies next to Pomerania along the Coast of the Baltick Sea of a fruitful Soil and rich in Corn. The Princes or Dukes whereof are now divided into two Branches the chiefs whereof make their Residence at Suevin or Schwerin and at Gusteen or Gustrow and have now each of them a moiety of the Dutchy and are said to be derived from the Vandal Princes However in the late German Wars the Emperor made these Princes feel the weight of his indignation giving their Lands to Wallestein a Silesian Gentleman a great Captain indeed and renowned Soldier who by a strange Ingratitude and Devilish ambition came to a miserable end the Duke of Biron and the Earl of Essex had such like designs and as Tragical Catastrophies Nevertheless they reentred into it by the Arms of the Great Gustavus their Cousin-German 1631. And tho Munster-Treaty took Wismar yet gave them in Exchange the Bishopricks of Ratzeburg and Suerin turned into Principalities Other chief places are Wismar Wismaria a Hans-Town and noted Port upon the Baltick founded out of the Ruins of the great and ancient City of Mecklenburg or Megalopolis Anno 1240. taken by the Elector of Brandenburg 1676 from the Swedes but restored again 2. Rostock Rosarum Vrbs Rhodopolis a Hans-City noted Port large rich and well Traded a University founded Anno 1415. Come we next in course to Holstein which is under the Homage and right of the Empire but being in possession of the House of Denmark we shall refer its Description to that Kingdom and speak of the Dutchies of Brunswick and Lunenburg Of the Dutchies of Brunswick and Lunenburg THIS was a part of the ancient Dukedom of Saxony till the Proscription of Henry Sirnamed the Lion by the Emperor Frederick Barbarosa but by the Mediation of Henry the Second King of England his Father-in-law being reconciled unto the Emperor had the Cities of Brunswick and Lunenburg with their Countries restored unto him afterwards erected into a Dukedom by the Emperor Frederick the Second whose posterity enjoyed these Dukedoms jointly till the year 1430. when they were divided between William the Victorious who had the Title of Brunswick and his Uncle Bernard who had the Title of Lunenburg and in their posterity both these Dutchies do still continue Of Brunswick al. Brunswigensis Appiano The South and East parts towards Hessen c. swell with Woody Mountains and Hills parts of the ancient Hercinian the Northern part more plain and fruitful in Corn and other Commodities Chief Places are Brunswiick al. Braunswyck Brunsviga the Tulisurgiam of Ptol. teste Appiano upon the River Oacer and one of the chief Hans-Towns containing about seven miles in compass fair populous and strongly fortified with a double Wall peopled with industrious Inhabitants jealous of their Liberty Governed in manner of a Free Estate held under the right of the Princes It s chief Trade is in Hides and Mum. 2. Goslar Gâ—slaria a Town Imperial 3. Wolfenbuttel a very strong Castle and the Residence of the Dukes of Brunswiick where is a famous Library within these Territories were also included the Principality of Halberstat now under the Elector of Brandenburg and the Bishoprick of Hildersheim the Abbey Quedelnburg whose Abbatess was sometimes Princess of the Empire now subject to the House of Saxony Hannover is the Seat and Title of another Branch of the Dukes of Brunswick whose Duke is a Catholick in whose Territories are Calemburg Grubenhagen Gottingen and Hamelen where the Inhabitants keep the Records of the famous Piper who in 1284. drew the Boys of the Town into a Cave who were never after heard of Lunaeburgensis Ducatus Hertzogthumb Lunenbourg incolis Dutche de Lunebourg Gallis The Country is plain the Air sharp and healthful and the Soil fruitful The chief Town is Lunenburg Lunaeburgum upon the River Vlme now one of the Six Hans-Towns large populous and adorned with fair Buildings whose chief Trade is in Salt. Cell or Zell is the Residence of the Dukes Of Bremen Episcopatus Bremensis THIS Diocess or Arch-Bishoprick of Bremen is a Country whose extreme parts along the Elbe and Weser are very fertile for Corn and Pasturages the more inner parts wild and barren Bremen an Arch-Bishops Sea gives name to the Country it is seated upon the right side of the Weser large populous rich and well Traded and strongly fenced and is famous for its Art of dressing Leather and Cloth and for their Fish Stada Stadt a noted Hans-Town accounted the most ancient in Saxony and once the Staple of the English Merchant-Adventurers now the place where the Ships pay Tole strongly fortified Bremersforde a Castle and Village where the Arch-Bishop
it the Garden of Holland as well for the cleanness of their Streets as the beauty of their Houses It is also famous for its Antiquity for its Library and the Excellent Edition of Books there Printed as also for the entire Defeat of the Spanish Army In this City was born that Taylor who to his ruin was made King of the Anabaptists in Munster Goude Gouda has this Advantage to be Situated among Springs and where the Inhabitants enjoy the purest Air in all Holland Rotterdam Roterodamum the place where Erasmus was Born is the best of the twelve Cities which they call small ones by reason of its great Trade upon the Meuse The Hague Haga Comitis St. Gravenhage la Hage which is the Residence of the States General is not a Burrough-Town but a Village the best Built and as delightful a place as most in the World. The Texel Texelia is a Port to the North. Famous for its Harbour The Brill Briela has the same Advantage towards the South in the Island of Voorn the rest of the Coast is all Sands with some small Shelter for Fisher-boats with the Islands Over-flac and Gorre There is also the rich and daily Butter and Cheese-Market Gorkum Gorichemum on the Wale a strong place and one of the Keys of Holland The fair and commodious Haven Schonhoven Schonhovia The strong and rich Goude Gouda Oudwater c. Elstein on the Yssel or Fossa Drusiana al. Itala with their Cables Cordage and other Trade The Butter and Cheese-Town Alkmear in the Marches Memorable for the defeat the Inhabitants gave Tâ— Alva meerly because he gave them no way to escape Important Enchusen or the Zuder Sea good and Rich Havens Horn and Edam Famous for Ships and Cheese and the Sea Nymph that learned to spin Zeland Zelandia is the Province which was first set at Liberty and last consented to the Peace with Spain At this day it contains the greatest part of the Prince of Oranges Possession That of Vacheren Walachria in the Map contains ten Dutch miles in compass is the fairest of all in the Low-Countries with the City of Middleburgh the Capital City of the Province and the Staple for Wines a strâ—â—â— and large Empory Flushing Flissinga the Key of the Netherlands is 〈◊〉 a good Harbour Once an English Garison and a Cautionary Town where the Renowned Sir Philip Sidney was the first Governour and died in that Service The strong Sea-Town Vere Veria having many Staples for Herring and other Commodities Famous for the most Noble and Illustrious Family of the Veres now Earls of Oxford The second Island is Schouwen Scaldia in the Map 2. containing six miles in Circuit its chief Town is Zerick-Zee noted for Madder and Salt and Brauwershaven inhabited by Fishermen here was first invented the marting of Herrings The third is Zuiit-Bevetland in the Map 3 whose only Town of note is Goes The fourth is Duueland or Duyueland named thus from the abundance of Pigeons there breeding It hath no Town of Note but is memorable for the bold passage of the Spaniards under Mondragon cross the Sea in the year 1575. and for that in the year 1520. it was overwhelmed with a deluge of waters Tolen is an Island so called from a Town of that Name divided from Brabrant by a narrow Creek or Arm of the Sea. The more ancient Inhabitants of these Islands were the Mattiaci of Tacitus They contain in all 8 Walled Towns and about 100 Villages The Country is low flat and Marshy rich in Corn and Pasturage unhealthful and subject to Inundations being kept in and defended from the Sea by Banks The Bishoprick or Lordship of Vtretcht Vtricesium Amm. was first occasioned by one Willebrod an English man the Apostle of those parts and first Bishop hereof about the year 611. during the Regency of Pepin the Fat. The Successors of this Willibrod by the Liberality of the French Kings and German Emperors attained unto as well the Temporal as the Spiritual Jurisdiction together with that of Overyssel unto Charles the Fifth by the consent of Henry Count Palatine then Bishop seized upon the whole Temporal Dominion hereof leaving only the Spiritual to the Prelates which also since by the Usurpation of the States hath likewise been taken from them It has a Capital City of the same Name Inhabitd for the most part by the Nobility of the Country first called Inferius Trajectum or Vltrajectum Vtricesium Amm. There is also the Thorow-fare Rhenen the fair and strong Amersfort the Frontier-Town Montfort Wick de Duerstede the Batavodurum of Tac. Ptol. They reckon about Vtrecht 56 Cities to the farthest whereof you may go by Water from Vtrecht in one day Guelders Gueldria Guelders was first founded by two Brothers Wickard and Luppola first made Guardians of the Country by the Inhabitants in the reign of the Emperor Charles the Bald. It was made an Earldom by the Emperor Henry the Third made a Dukedom by the Emperor Lewis of Bavaria After the decease of Charles of Egmond the last Duke by composition between him and Charles the Fifth Emperor this Province with the Earldom of Zutphen united for a long time in the House of the Dukes of Gelderland descended upon the Emperor Charles the Fifth and added by him to his other Provinces of the Netherlands under Philip the Second the greatest part shoke off the Spanish yoak and now with Zutphen Governed in manner of a Free Estate confederated with the rest of the United Provinces a third part of Golderland excepted where stands the Towns of Ruremond Guelders Venlo Watchtendonc Stralo and Grol remaining yet subject to the Arch-Dutchess or Spaniards who in the year 1627. attempted in vain to bring the Rhine to the City of Gueldria and into the Meuse to deprive the Vnited Provinces of the Trade of Germany Nimmegen Noviomagus al. Neomagus the Capital City of the Dutchy of Gueldria Founded by Magus King of the Gauls taken by Prince Maurice in the year 1592. Opposite to it is that Fort Knotsenburg large Built by the States in the Quarter of Batavia where the Ancient Batavians Inhabited Arnheim Arenacum in the Veluwe the third Capital City of Guelders and the Ordinary Residence of the Dukes thereof The Town and Country of Culemberg The strong and Martial Venlo Venloa The Natural and Artificial Fortified Ruremond Ruremunda The strong and encompassed Frontier Bommel Bommelia the Fort Voorn and Crevecour making it Impregnable The Province of Zutphen bears the same Name with the Capital City and passes sometimes for a fourth part of the Dutchy of Gelders having no Voice in the Assembly of the States-General but only conjoyned with this Dutchy In the Siege of which was slain that Honour of Chivalry and Mirrour of Learning Sir Philip Sidney In this Province also stands Groll Grolla and eight or nine small Cities more In Over-Issel Trans Issallania so called from its Situation beyond the Issel where the Rhine and that share their Streams together by means
of a Channel which Drusus formerly made stands Deventer Daventria Davontria a Capital City being a famous Passage over the Yssel first taken by the Earl of Leicester for the States And in Drent stands Coeverden Coverdia one of the most Regular Pentagons in Europe And Zwol the Suvolla of old Friesland Frissia affords good and strong Horses and Cattel of an excessive bigness It has been Governed by Princes and Dukes and as they say by Kings too who kept their Courts at Staveren Stauria Franiker Franicheria is an University Leuwarden Levardia Leovardum has a Parliament and Dockum Docum the Admiralty of the Province Schelling Schellingia is a small Island upon the Coast wherein are several Towers that give Signals to Vessels Groeningen that has the last Voice in the Assembly of the States-General has but two Cities Groeningen Groninga and Dam Damum Groningen is of that consequence by reason of its Situation on the Frontiers that the Duke of Alva had designed a Cittadel there In the year 1672. the Bishop of Munster not able to take that City yet took several other Towns from the Dutch. The Province is full of Pasturage which affords good stuff for firing The chief Commodities of the Natural growth of these Provinces are Butrer and Cheese the rest being Manufacturies which they make out of such Materials as they fetch out of other Countries But the Commodity that hath been of greatest Advantage to them is Fish and that not caught upon their own Coast neither Their Herring-Trade by computation is worth 450000 l. per Annum And that of Cod-fish 150000 l. Sterling Yearly Generally the people are inclined to Navigation and a Sea-faring Life and many being Born on Shipboard and bred up at Sea know no other Country so that their Natural inclination and necessity of employing themselves that way hath exceedingly increased their Shipping so that 't is thought they are Masters of more Ships and Vessels of all forts than almost all Europe besides But that which is the just Admiration of all Men these Seven Provinces are become greater and more potent than Seventeen in riches and power Nay they have out-done some of the greatest Princes in Europe Their Cities are many and splendid and yet there are more Sects among them than Cities and almost as many Creeds as Heads yet so Wise in their Meetings as never to Discourse of Religion Their Country in general for its Dimensions is fullâ—r of People Cities Towns Castles Forts Bulwarks c. for Military Defence than any one Country in Europe Their Naval Forces prodigious befitting Wonders rather than Words even a terrour to the great Princes of the World. For their Trade it far exceeds that of the Neighbouring Princes and in the Oeconomy of it much more prudently managed To every Town they Assign some Staple Commodity as to Dort the German Wines and Corn to Middleburgh the French and Spanish Wines to Rotterdam formerly now to Dort the English Cloth To Harlem Knitting and Weaving c. which maketh their Towns so equally rich and populous One Miraculous Accident I must not forget because mentioned by all Writers viz. That Margaret Sister to Earl Floris the 4th being about 42 years of Age brought forth at one Birth 365 Children half Males half Females the odd one a Hermaphrodite they were all Christened by Guido Suffragan to the Bishop of Vtrecht in two Basons which are yet to be seen at the Church of Lasdunen the Males John the Females Elizabeths immediately after they all died and their Mother also Of the SPANISH Netherlands The Spanish PROVINCES vulgo FLANDERS by Robert Mordon at the Atlas in Cornhil THESE Provinces are so called because Subject to the Monarchy of Spain It carries also the Name of Flanders from that Province which is the fairest the richest and the best Peopled part Of these Spanish Provinces four are Frontiers of France the Counties of Flanders Artois Hainault and the Dutchy of Luxemburgh Five in the middle viz. The Dukedom of Brabant the Marquisate of the Holy Empire the Signory of Malines the County of Namur and the Dutchy of Limburgh There are also two Feifs of the Empire the Bishoprick of Leige and the Arch-Bishoprick of Cambray The Kings of Spain were once Masters of these Provinces and for the preservation thereof have expended a good part of their Gold and Silver brought from the Indies in the Wars they maintained against the Dutch and French. The County of Flanders Flandria Latinis Vlaenderen by the Inhabitants Flandre French Flandes Spaniards Flandra Italians is so full of People that it seems to be but one great City and the loveliest County in Christendom All along the Coast lie banks of Sand that cover very Rich places In the Neighbouring Sea are several Sands and Shelves nevertheless Ships Ride there safe enough It formerly was divided into Dutch Flanders Gallican Flanders and Imperial Flanders This belonged sometimes unto the Kingdom of West France and held by the Princes thereof under the Fief of this Crown quitted unto Philip the Second King of Spain and to the Heirs of the House of Burgundy by Henry the Second King of France and the League of Cambray In Flanders the principal places are Gaunt Bruges Ipres and Lille Gaunt Gandaurum Ghendt Gand by the French is one of the biggest Cities of Europe But though it have several Rivers that still bring a Trade to it yet has it not the five and thirty thousand Families that Anciently it had when it was able to Arm four and twenty thousand Men. 'T is famous for the birth of Charles the Fifth and of John Duke of Lancaster commonly called John of Gaunt Bruges Brugae is the best Built in the Province and the Citizens are the handsomest and most Gentile in all the Low-Countries The Spaniards who had the Channel of this City stopped up by the taking of Sluce have some few years since made another able to receive Vessels of four hundred Tun. Ostend Ostenda is a Town whose Haven they can never block up and which was once the Theater of War when it held out a Siege for above three years being Garisoned by the English and under Sir Horatio Vere who was then Governour thereof at which Siege the Spaniards are said to have lost one hundred thousand men Ypres has so many Channels and conveyances of Water under ground that it is said the Foundations are of Lead Lille Insula Gal. L'Isle Incol Ryssel or Ter Issel upon Dole the Capital of Walloon-Flanders is one of the best in the Low-Countries by Reason of its Wealth and Commerce All the other places of Flanders are generally considerable either for their Beauty or for their Fortification for eminent Sieges or Remarkable Battels Tournay Tornacum Dornick Baganum of Ptol. Civit. Turnacensium of Ant. an Ancient City is fair great strong rich and well Peopled This was the first Town that submitted to the King of France after a formal Siege
Peerships and divers of new Creation a great number of Principalities Dukedoms Marquisates Earldomes Baronies and other Lordships Eleven Parliaments eight Chambers of Accounts 22 Generalities or Publick places of Receipt of the Kings Revenue There are four Principal Rivers the Seine whose Water is accounted the strongest in the World and more wholesome to drink than Fountain-water The Loire King of the French Rivers the Garonne most Navigable and the Rhone or Rosne most rapid By others thus Characterized the Loire the sweetest the Rhone the swiftest the Garonne the greatest and the Seine the richest The Seine riseth in Burgundy watering Paris and Roan disburdening it self into the English Channel The Sequana of Caesar The Loyre riseth about the Mountains of Avergne being the highest in France watering Nantes and Orleance and augmented with 72 lesser Rivers mingleth its sweet Waters in the Biscain or Gascogne Sea. The Ligeris of Caesar The Rhone or Rhosne springeth up about three miles from the Head of the Rhine watering Lions Avignon c. and taking in 13 lesser Rivers falleth into the Mediterranean Sea near Arles The Rhodanus of Caesar The Garone running from the Pyrenean Hills glideth by the Walls of Bourdeaux and Tholouse and with the addition of 16 other Rivers dilates it self into the Aquitain now Biscain Ocean The Garumna of Caesar The Mountains by Ancient Authors were the Gebâ—nna by Caesar Cammani Ptol. Ital. running along by Languedâ—c Chevennes and Avergne now les Sevennes The Jura Caes Jurassus Ptol. which divideth the French County from Savoy and the Swisses now called by several Names The Vogesus almost Encircling Lorrain and dividing it from Alsatia and Bourgondie now Dauge Mons c. There are several Divisions of France which respect the Church the Nobility the Courts of Justice and the Finances But it suffices here to say that the general state of the Kingdom was held Anno 1614 after the Majesty of Lovis the XIII and that then all the Provinces met under 12 great Governments Four of these Governments lie toward the North upon the Seine and those other Rivers that fall into it viz. Picardy Normandy the Isle of France and Champagne Towards the middle adjoyning to the Loire Bretagne Orlenoise Bourgogne Liâ—nnoise The other four toward the South near the Garonne viz. Guienne Languedoc Dauphine and Provence Under the Orlenoise is comprehended Maine Perche and Beauce On this side of the Loire Nivernois Tâ—uraine and Anjâ—u above the said River beyond it Poiciou Angoumois and Bâ—rry Burgundy hath Brest Under Lionnois are comprehended Lionnois Auvergne Bourbonnois and Marche Under Guienne is Bearne Gascogne and Guienne it self Saintonge Perigort Limâ—sin Querci and Rovergue Under Languedâ—c is Cevennes In each of these Governments are several great Cities the chief of which I shall speak of in Order viz. In Picardy the Storehouse of Paris for Corn is 1. Calais called by Caesar Portus Tecius Portus Britannicus Morinerum Plin. Prom. Icium Ptol. held by the English near 200 Years being taken by Edward the III. after eleven Months Siege in Anno 1347. and unfortunately lost by Queen Mary 1557. seated opposite to Dover in England from which it is distant about ten Leagues A strong Town of great Importance and accounted the Key of France Not far from Calais at a place called Agincourt was the Flower of the French Nobility taken and slain by King Henry the Fifth of England viz. 5 Dukes 8 Earls 25 Lords 8000 Knights and Gentlemen and 15000 common Soldiers 2. Bulloign Cesoriacum Navale Ptol. Portus Morinorum Plin. Civit. Bononensium Ant. Portus Gessoriacus of Caesar a strong Frontier-Town taken by Henry the VIII of England 1544. at which time the Emperor Maximilian bore Arms under the English Cross 3. Amiens Samarobrina Caes Samarobriga Ptol. Civit. Ambianensis Ant. a Walled Town seated upon the Seine well Fortified with an Impregnable Cittadel built by Henry the IV. But most Famous for its Cathedral so beautified within and adorned without that 't is the fairest and most lovely Structure in the West of Europe 4. St. Quintin Augusta Romanduorum Ptol. Civit. Veromannorum Ant. Quinctinopolis Fanum St. Quinctine in Scriptis Gall. two Leagues from Augusta Veromanduorum now Vermand Baud. Crecie the French Cannae famous for their great Overthrow and the Victory of the English in the Reign of Philip the Sixth A strong Frontier-Town Memorable for the Battel there Anno 1557. where King Philip the II. of Spain with the English under the Command of the Earl of Pembroke overthrew the whole Forces of the French. Laon a Bishops Sea whose Bishop is one of the Twelve Peers of France Laudunum Ant. Soissons Augustata Vessonum Ptol. a Bishops See the last place the Romans held in Gaul driven out by Clovis the Fifth 5. Guise of most Note for the Dukes of Guise a Family that in a little time produced two Cardinals and six Dukes besides many Daughters married into the best Houses of France In Normandy formerly Neustria are 1. Rouen or Roan Rothamagus Ptol. Rotomagentium Ant. seated on the Banks of the River Seine over which there is a Famous Bridge of Boats. Taken by Henry the Fifth after six Months Siege where were famished 50000 and 12000 Starvelings turned out of the Town An Arch-Bishops See and Parliament In the Chief Church called Nostre-Dame is the Sepulchre of John Duke of Bedford It is a place of as great a Trade as any in France and one of the Principal Cities where Exchanges are used 2. Dieppe a City of some Trade being a common Landing-place for the English in their Passage into France And is famous for its fidelity and allegiance to Henry the Fourth when the Guisian Faction in derision called him King of Dieppe 3. Falaise once a strong Town Memorable for the Story of Arlet the Skinners Daughters of whom Duke Robert begat William the Conqueror in spight to whom and disgrace to his Mother the English call Whores Harlots Here also was the Roy d' Juidot and Verneil when besieged by Philip the Second of France King Richard the First of England to keep his promise broke through the Palace of Westminster and raised the Siege Haure de Grace Newhaven by the English in Latin Franciscopolis a Cautionary Town to Queen Elizabeth Portus Gratiae of old Auranches Ingena Ptol. Civit. Abrincantum Ant. Constances Constantia Ant. Cherbourg Caesaris Burgum a strong Sea-coast Town Bayeux Cit. Bajocassium Ant. Caen Cadomum graced with a University founded by King Henry the Fifth King of England and the Abbey with the Tombs of William the Conqueror and Maud his Wife Lyseux Cit. Lexoviorum Ant. Eureux Mediolanum Ptol. c. The third Government is the Isle of France whose City is Paris formerly Lutetia because seated in a Clayie Soil A City that for its Riches Power and Number of Inhabitants may contend with any in Europe Seated on the Seine and on a Soil so fertile that no City knows such Plenty 't
is Dignified with the Ordinary Residence of the King its Chief Ornaments are the Palace of the Louvre so much fam'd abroad The Palaces of the Nobility viz. That of Luxemburg its Palace Royal its Church of Nostredame its University containing five Colleges the Halls of Justice the Courts of Parliament The English held it for 16 years and there Crowned King Henry the Fifth King of France In this Province about three miles from Paris is seated St. Dennis famous for the Sepulchres of the French Kings The Beautiful House of Fountain-Belle-eau esteemed one of the fairest Palaces in Europe As also the Royal Mansion of St. German seated on the Ascent of a Hill seven miles from Paris down the Water And Bois de Vincennes in which Henry the Fifth ended his days Senlis is the chief City of the Dukedom of Valois which gave name to the French Kings of the Second Branch of the Capets which begun in Philip Valois Ann. 1328. in his Reign was fought the Battel of Crecie Anno 1343. where was slain John King of Bohemia 11 Princes 80 Barons 120 Knights and 30000 common Soldiers In Champaigne the chief City is Rheimes Famous for being the place where the French Kings are commonly Crowned and Anointed Therein also is Langres Andomatanum of Ptol. the Seat of the Twelve Peers of France Trois the meeting-place of Charles the Sixth and Henry the 5th Kings of France and England where the Victorious King was espoused to Katherine Daughter to King Charles aforesaid Bretaigne or Britany of old Armorica so called from the Britains who flew thither in the time of the Saxons Tyranny over them in England Formerly the Titles of the Earls of Richmond It s Sea-Port Towns are Brest Vendana Portus seated upon a spacious Bay the Key the Bulwark and best Harbour in France St. Maloes Aletha Maclovium built on a Rock a strong fair and populous City yet often spoiled and damaged by the English Inland Towns are Nants Condivincum Ptol. Cit. Namnetum Ant. seated on the Banks of the Loyre and Rennes Condate of Ptol. Cit. Rodanum Ant. the Parliament-City for this County Vannes Dariorigum Ptol. Cit. Venetum Ant. Situate on a capacious Bay the chief Town of the Old Veneti Quimper Corentin Corisopitum Ant. Orleance as it comprehends Maine Perch Beauce Nivernois Touraine Anjou the Title of Henry the Second King of England and Earl of Anjou now the Title of the third Son of France Poictou Angonnois and Berry hath these chief Cities 1. Orleance of Old Gennabum of Caes Strab. Cenabum Ptol. Aurelia It s pleasant Situation on the Loire makes it very beautiful and delightful Once the Seat Royal of its own Kings now the Title of the Second Son of France It long felt the force of an English Siege where died Great Montacute Earl of Salisbury On the chief Bridg of this City is the Statue of Joan the Pucelle de dieu or Maid so assistant to the French in Repelling the English and raising the Siege of Orleance May the 12th 1429. Burnt alive by the English Anno 1431. after which time the Affairs of the English grew worse and worse for in Anno 1435. Charles the Burgundian fell off and in 1453. Talbot a man of great Valour and Conduct was slain and nothing was left to the English but Calice of all that the English had got in two and forty years 2. Mans Cit. Cenomannorum by Antonius by Ptol. Vidinum Vendosme which gave Name to Antonio Father to Henry the Fourth 3. Chartes Carnutum Ant. Ptol. Autricum seated on the Loire a fair and pleasant City Dignified with a University for the Study of the Civil Law. 4. Nevers Noviodunum Caesar Nivernum al. Nivernium Ant. upon the Loire Dignified with an Ancient Dukedom 5. Tours Caesarodunum Ptol. Turonum Ant. where the Protestants are said first to have begun in France and were called Hugonots Nigh to this place it was that Charles Martel Father of King Pepin in Anno 732. discomfited an Army of about 400000 Saracens of which were slain near 370000. Blois pleasantly seated and in a good Air where the Duke of Guise the first mover of the Civil Wars and contriver of the Massacre at Paris was slain by the command of Henry the Third 6. Angiers by Ptolomy called Juliusmagus Andeglaevum Ant. of a large Circuit well built seated in a good Air and made a University Beaufort belonging to the Duke of Lancaster nigh which Town was the Duke of Clarence Brother to Henry the Fifth slain 7. Poictiers by Ptolomy Augustoritum Pictavium Ant. a University Famous for the Study of the Civil Law and for greatness said to be next to Paris In the Vine-fields two Leagues from the City was fought that memorable Battel between John of France and Edward the Son of King Edward the III. Sirnamed the Black Prince who with 8000 men overcame the French Army of 40000 whereof 10000 were slain besides Nobles Prisoners taken were King John and his Son Philip 70 Earls 50 Barons and about 12000 Gentlemen 8. Rochel seated on the Acquitane Ocean a place of great Trade and of greater strength before it was dismantled 1627. witness its many Sieges Anno 1570. by Jarvil Anno 1573. by Byron with an Army of 50000. men and 60 Pieces of Artillery 1575. and 76. it was attempted by Landâ—riau in 1577. by Lansac In the troubles of 1585. and 88. it was the Retreat of the King of Navarre and Prince of Conde Her Commodities Rochel-Wine Salt and Brandy Rupella Ant. Mortus Santorum Ptol. 9. Angoulesme Enculisma al. Cit. Etolinensium Ant. 10. Bourges a Town of great strength by Nature and well Fortified by Art Situate in a low Flat amongst deep impassible Bogs and Marshes 'T is an Arch-Bishoprick and one of the best Universities in France called Avaricum in Caesar's time of old Bituricum Ant. Varicum Ptol. Sancerre a strong Town memorable for a desperate and long Siege in the Reign of Charles the Ninth In the Province of Bourgondy once a Kingdom is first Dijon Divionum built by the Emperor Aurelian proud in her Parliament and for giving Birth to St. Bernard seated upon the Soasne Next are Auxerre Antissiodorum Ant. Chalon Cabullinum Strab. Caballinum Ptol. Cavillonium Caesar Castrum Gaballionense Ant. Mascon Castrum Matisconense Ant. seated upon the Soasne the best Hold of King Charles the Seventh in his hard Wars against the English Alize now a small Village formerly Alexia the chief Fortress of Vercingeterix who had 70000 Men in the Town when Besieged by Caesar and an Army of 300000 Gauls at the back of Caesar to relieve their fellows notwithstanding all which the Town was yielded to Caesar and Vercingeterix sate at his feet and became his Prisoner Philip the third Grandchild to Philip the Hardy united to this Dutchy almost all the Belgick Provinces but Charles his Son in the War against Lewis the Eleventh lost his Men Money and Life at the Battels of Granson Morat and Nancy 1476. afterwards this
Dutchy was seized on by the French. Adjacent to and in the Government of Bourgondy is Brest the chief Town thereof is Bourg or Briss a place well built and so strongly Fortified that it is esteemed impregnable This Country was by the Duke of Savoy delivered to Henry the IV. of France in lieu of the Marquisate of Saluces 1600. In the Province of Guien wherein are the Provinces of Gascoign Guien and Bern are many Cities the chief whereof are Bourdeaux Burdegala Strab. Ptol. Cit. Burdegalensium Ant. seated upon the Banks of the River Geronne famous for being the Birth-place of King Richard the II. of England At present Honoured with an University and Parliament and is a place of good Trade Near to this City is the small Village called Greve which yields those Excellent Wines called Graves Wine About the year 1259. Lewis of France gave unto Henry the Third of England the Dutchy of Guien conditionally that he should renounce all Title to his other Inheritances It continued English till 1452. In the particular Guien is the Province Saintonge whose chief place is Saintes Mediolanum of old Strab. Mediolanium Ptol. Cit. Santorum Ant. 2. The Province of Perigort whose chief place is Perigueux Vessuna of Ptol. Cit. Petrogoriorum Ant. Environed with Viney-Downs divided into two Towns. 3. The Province of Limosin whose chief place is Limoges Ratiastum Ptol. Lemovicum al. Lemavicum Am the Prison of Beggers 4. The Province of Querci whose chief place is Cahors Dueona Ptol. Cit. Cadorcorum Ant. a Rich and Fair City 5. The Province of Rovergue whose chief place is Rodez Segodunun Ptol. Cit. Rotenorum Ant. In the Province of Gascoign are several Countries whose chief Cities or Towns are Bazas Cossium of Ptol. Cit. Vasatum Ant. Dax or D'Acqs Aquae Augustae of Ptol. Cit. Aqueâ—sium Ant. Auch Augusta of Ptol. Cit. Ausciorum Ant. an Archbishops See. Agen Aginium Ptol. Agennensium Ant. Condom Condomum a Bishoprick Bajonne Baiona Merc. near Spain In the middle of the small River Vidosa between France and Spain is the Island Faisans not mention'd by any Geographer I know of where Cardinal Mazarine and Don Lewis of Harro began the Pyrenean Treaty the 13 Aug. 1659. and whence in the year 1660. hapned the Interview between the two Kings and the Reception of the Iafanta when the Island was divided in the middle and a House built so that at the Table where the two Kings sate to eat the King of France sate in France and the King of Spain in Spain In the Government of Lionoise are the several Provinces of Lionoise Avergne Bourbon and March. In Lionoise the chief City is Lyons by the Ancients Lugdunum seated upon the conjunction of the Rosne with the Soane esteemed the second City of France a Famous Mart-Town Ancient and the See of an Arch-Bishop who is Primate of all France In Avergne is Cleremont Claro Montium upon its high Mountain In Bâ—urbon Moulins the Centre of France Molinum of old much resorted unto from all parts of France for its Hot Medicinal Baths Gergobia al. Gergobina Caesar teste Parad. Belfor In March Gueret and Bellac are the most considerable In the Government of Languedoc are 1. Tholouse Talosa Caes Strab. Ptolomy Seated on the Garonne the Seat of an Arch-Bishop and an University near whose large Fields called by old Writers Campi Catalaunici which I rather think to be the Fields near Chalons memorable for the overthrow of Attila King of the Huns whose Army consisted of 500000 of which 180000 that day lost their lives by Aetius the Roman Lieutenant who was rewarded by Valentinian Emperor of the West with the loss of his Head. 2. Narbon Narbo of Caes Plin. Narbona Suet. A. Mar. in the Roman Infancy the most Populous and greatest Town in France and the first Roman Colony Carthage Excepted To which Archelaus Son to Herod King of the Jews was banished by Augustus 3. Montpillier Montpessulanus seated on a high Mountain twelve miles from the Sea an University for the Study of Physick the Country about affording variety of Medicinal Herbs memorable for the Resistance it made against Lewis the XIII in the last Civil War about Religion Nismes Nemausus Strab. Mel. Nemausium Plin. Ptol. Nemausensium Ant. In the year 1270. Languedoc returned to the Crown in the days of Philip the Third In the Government of Dolphin which is the Title of the first Son of France is Vienna Situate on the Rosne an A. B.'s See and the chief of this Province 2. Valence a Bishops See and University for the Civil Law a Rich Strong and well Traded Town the Title of Caesar Borgia when he cast off his Cardinals Hat. 3. Grenoble Cit. Gratianopolita Ant. Accusionorum Col. Ptol. Grationopolis Sido P. Diac. a Parliament-Seat Briancon Bigantio Ant. Gap Cit. Apencensium Ant. c. Of the Seven Wonders of Dauphine see Allard Sylva in Latin Verse which are 1. The Burning Fountain 2. The Tower Sane Venin 3. The inaccessible Mountain 4. The Wine-Fats of Sassinage 5. The Vinous Fountain 6. The Manna of Briancon 7. And the Fountain of Barberon Provence took its name from the Romans who being called in by the Marsillians possessed themselves of this Country until Stilico called in the Burgundians of which Kingdom it was a member until the time of the Ostrogoths Anno 504. In the year 1480. Rhene Grandchild to Lewis Duke of Anjou Brother to Charles the First gave it to the Lewis the Eleventh King of France Chief Towns are 1. Marseilles Massillia commodiously seated on the Mediterranean Sea enjoying an Excellent Haven and Road for Ships a place of great Trade and well frequented with Merchants and a Colony of the Phocians 2. Aix Aqua Sextiae a Parliament Seat near this Town the Cimbri consisting of 300000 fighting men as they passed by Marius asked his Soldiers what Service they would command them to Rome but in their march through the Alpes having divided themselves Marius put them all to the Sword who had slain Q. Servilius Caepio and his whole Army after his surprisal and pillaging of the Aurum Tolosanum 3. Arles Arelate Plin. Arelatum Col. Ptol. 4. Toulon Tauroentium Ptol. Taurentium Strab. the best Sea-port Town in all France On the North-West of Provence lies the Principality of Orange whose chief place is Orange Arausia Plin. Arusio Strab. Col. Arausiorum Ptol. C. Arausinorum Ant. Famous for many Rare and Wonderful Antiquities belonging of Ancient Right to his Illustrious Highness the Prince of Orange but of late years seized upon by the French King. South of which lies the County of Venasin so called from Avenio now Avignon the chief City of it Famous for being the Ancient Seat of the Popes for about 70 years said to have 7 Parish-Churches 7 Monasteries 7 Nunneries 7 Palaces 7 Inns and 7 Gates to its Walls To these Governments might be added Lorrain the French Comte Alsace most part of the Spanish Provinces
Country In the Kingdom of Tunquin at Siam in the Island of Java and in other places The Spaniards possess the largest and best part of all America where they have a great number of Cities 1. In Northern America New Spain where are the Parliaments of Mexico Guadalaira and Guatimala the Islands of Cuba Hispaniola Boriquen c. besides St. Austins and St. Matthews in Florida and some part of New Mexico In the Southern America the Golden Castile otherwise call'd the Continent where are the Parliaments of Panama and of the New Kingdom of Granada Peru where are the Parliaments of Quito Lima and de la Plata Chili and Paraguay which comprehends the Country of Tucuman and de la Plata The Islands also of Solomon in the South Sea. 3. All along the Coast of Africa upon the Sea-shore Larache Mahamore and the Canaries 4. Toward the East most part of the Phillipine Islands otherwise call'd the Manilles They had also some part of the Molucques but these they have long since quitted The Portugueses enjoy all the Coast of Brasil in Southern America and all along upon that Coast the Captainships of Para Maranhaon Ciara Rio Grande Paraiba Tamaraca Pernambuco Seregippe Baia de Todos los Santos Los Isleos Porto Seguro Spirito Santo Rio Janeiro San Vincente Toward the mouths of the Amazon River Estero Corduba and Cogemine 2. In Africa upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Morocco Mazagan Some Forts upon the River St. Dominic Upon the Coasts of Guiny Congo and Angola and certain Habitations in the Island of St. Thomas The Acores Madera and Porto Santo The Islands of Cape Verd and of the Prince Fernando Poo Annabon c. 3. Several places in the East-Indies viz. Cafreria upon the Coast of Monamotopa the Castle of Sofala the Village of Sena a Factory with a little Fort at Cape Corientes with other strong Houses upon the Entries of Guama and the Rivers upon the Coast In Zanguebar which is upon the Coast of Melinda The City and Castle of Mozambique with the strong Fort of St. Mark Factories and some little Forts at Angoxa and Quilimarre The Castle of Quiloa and a Factory in the Island Monfia The City and Castle of Mombaze the Castle of Melinda with the Villages and Factories of Pale and Ampaze The Trade of the Coast of Africa from the Cape of Good Hope to the Red-Sea In the Island Zocotora at Aden Fartach and Balsara In Persia Factories and half the Customs of the Island of Baharem and Congue the Traffick to Benderrich to Cape Jasques and other places In India belonging to the Great Mogul Damaon with the Forts of St. John Kielme Matri and Barampor Becaim the Fort Bandera otherwise call'd Manora the Village of Tana fortified with three Bastions the Rock of Asterim Ougueli upon the Ganges the Trade of Agra Amadabat Cambaye Surat Baroche Bengala and in Decan they have Chaul with the Forts of Morro Caranga the Village of Massagan Goa with her Fortresses in the Country of Bardes and the Islands of Coran and Divar and some other Lands about Goa Upon the Coast of China Macao In the Island Solor the Village and Fort of Larentoque the Traffick of Persia Golconda Aracan Pegu Tanacerin Ligor Odia and other Places of Siam Camboya and the Island of Timor The English have extraordinarily augmented their Territories in America They Trade to and Possess all the Northwest part of America New-York New-Jersey Pensilvania Mary-Land Virginia Carolina New-England most part of the Isle of New-found-land all Bermudas Long-Island Manhatten now New-York c. Of the Lucaya Isles as New-Providence c. Among the Southward Isles Barbadoes Barbouda Anguilla part of St. Christophers Montferrat Meuvis Antigo Dominico and part of St. Vincent St. Katherine's Isle called the Island of Providence Jamaica and Trinity Isle The Holy Point They had some Colonies in Surinam Maroni Sinamari c. with some Forts upon the Coast of Guyana In Africa Tangier near the Streights Fort St. Andrew upon the River of Gambia Fort St. Philip toward the River St. Dominico Tagrin Madrebomba Taxorari Cape Corso Emacham or Naschange and other places in Guinia and the Island of St. Hellens Madrespatan and Fort St. George upon the Coast of Cormandel The Island of Bombay Angediva A Factory at Surratt and Bantam with Houses where the Presidents live They have also Factories at Ispahan and Gombru where they have half the Customs a Trade at Agra Amadabat Cambaya Brodra Baroche Dabul Pettapoli Maslipatan at Balasor Oguely and at Daca in Bengal at Prianam and Jamby in Sumatra In Siam Camboya Tunquin and the Island Formosa The Hollanders were expelled out of their New-Holland in America However they still possess the Islands of St. Eustace Saba Curacco where they have the Fort Amsterdam and Tobago or New Flushing if not lately beaten out by the French. The City of Coro upon the firm Land. The Colonies of Rio Poumaron where there is the New City of Middleburg and the Fort Nova Hollandia Rio Esequebe a wide and great River at whose mouth lyeth three great Islands viz. Lugewaen Magrieten and Parrats Island Higher up the River are seven other Islands and further up the River is the Fort Kiick-over-all Rio Demarary and River Barbiezos The Colony of Soronam where is the Fort Pamaribo The River Caperwaca or Aperruvaca and the River Winypoco or Waiapoco and other places upon the Coast of Guyana In Africa Arguin and Goree toward Cape Verd where they have a Fort and Factories at Rufisque at Porto d' Alé and Joal St. George of the Mine the Fort of the Mine the Fort of Nassau or Mouré Cormentin Axime and Botrou in Guiny upon the Gold Coast Many Forts in Congo c. at the Cape of Good Hope and at Table Bay two Forts more In the Islands of Madagascar and St. Maurice Upon the Coast of Malabar Onor Barcelor Mangalor Cananor Cranganor Cochin Coulan Upon the Coast of Cormandel Tuticorin Negapatan Karkalle and Gueldres near Pallecate In the Indian Peninsula beyond Ganges Malacca with the Forts and Islands belonging to it In the Island of Ceylon Negombo Colombo Galle Baticalo Trinquilimaly Jafnipatan and a Fortress called Blakenburg in the Island of Mamar In the Island of Java Jacatra called Batavia and its Dependencies The Isle Amsterdam Leyden Middleburgh Delft Encbysen and Horn. The Isle of Bima part of the Molucca Islands In Ternate the Forts Tacomma Talucco Malaya and Gammalamme In Motir the Fort of Nassau In Machian Taffaso Tabilolla Naflaquia otherwise Nahaca and Maurice In Bachian Gammadore and Laboiia In Gilolo Sabou and Coma. In the Island of Amboyna Coubella and Lovio In the Banda Islands Nassaw and Belgia in Nera and Revenge in Powleway The Redoubt Hittow in the Isle Hittow In the Island of Solor Fort Henry Fort Janpaudam otherwise called Roterdam near the City of Macassar The Islands of Savo and Bocon near Macassar with another Fort in Timor Part of
they obtain'd leave to raise a Cittadel which was the first Fort they had in the East-Indies but that Fortress was taken from them by the Hollanders in the year 1662. The Prince of Calicut calls himself Zamorin a Prince of great power and awe and not more black of colour than treacherous in disposition Many deformed Pagotha's are here worshipped but with this ordinary Evasion That they adore not Idols but the Deumo's they represent And the Dutch General who was Cook of a Ship Crowned the King with those hands which had oftner handled a Ladle than a Sword And exacts a Tribute from all the Kings of Malabar but most of them are dispens'd withall from paying it Besides this Prince there are in this Country the Kings of Cananor Tanor Cranganor Cochin Coulan and Travancor and 10 or 12 other considerable ones Cochin Colchin of Ptol. Herb. not much inferior to Goa pays Tribute to the Hollanders who keep the Castle The Harbor is pester'd with Rocks and Shelves Coulan has been much richer and better peopled than it is for it had formerly above 100000 Inhabitants Sopatpa in Arrian and Coâ—â—y in Ptol. Zamoryn valu'd it for its Situation for its Port and its Fidelity Since that the Sands having stop'd up the Port Goa and Calecut have got all the Trade from it Cananor Calligeris Ptol. teste Castal holds also some Islands among the Maldives viz. the Isle Malicut and the five Isles of Diavandorow Onor the Hippocura of Ptol. teste Baud. produces a weighty sort of Pepper and Black Rice accounted better than the White Baticale and Gersopa further in the Land are the Capital Cities of their Kingdoms included under the general Name of Canara To Malabar joins the fishing Coast called the Coast of Manar where they fish for Pearls in April for three weeks together The Country which contains about 30 little Cities is dry and Sun-burnt having no other advantages but by the Fishery for which they keep a Fair at Tuticorin The most part of it is under the Nâ—ic of Madure the Hollanders possessing only the Island of Kings where they have built a Fort and to which there is no coming but by a Chanel for the defence whereof they have rais'd several Works for conservation thereof being of so great importance to them by reason that thereby they are Masters of the Banks of Manar There is also found some Amber-greice and heretofore near to Cape Comâ—rin a Cape well known of old by Ptol. called Cory Calligicum by Strab. Conomencina by Plin. Calusca Colaicum Comar by Arrian in his Periplus Comara extrema or Cape Comryn there was a Pearl found that weighed above 30 Quintals Coromandel or Corobander Cartagar damna Ptol. so called from the abundance of Rice which it produces is famous for the best Ports of India The City of Meliapore Malipur incolis St. Thomaso Lusitanis Mâ—lange Ptol. or the Calurmina of Sophron. and St. Thomas's Anglis where that Apostle wrought many Miracles and where as their Traditions he foretold the coming of White People into that Country It is observed that the Off-spring of those that Martyr'd St. Thomas have one Leg bigger than the other â—â—liour is seated upon a small River having five Foot of Water at the Mouth of it which is about Cannon-shot from the City but small Ships had rather harbor themselves at Pelicate and the great ones at Nâ—gaâ—â—tâ—n which with Meliapor belongs to the Portugalâ— Pâ—licate besides the Town there is a Fort called Geldria that belongs to the Duâ—â—h where they have their chief Factory and where lives the chief Intendent over all the rest that are in the Territories of the King of Gâ—lâ—â—da In the Fort are generally 200 Soldiers besides Merchants The Bastions are well stored with good Guns and the Sea comes up to the very Wall of it Tavernier tells us That when the Inhabitants fetch their Water to drink they stay till the Sea is qâ—â—te gone out then digging holes in the Sand as near the Sea as they can they meet with fresh Water About 7 or 8 Leagues off is Fort St. George which belongs to the English whose Port or Harbor is called Madraspatan The Kingdom of Golconda is a Country abounding in Corn Rice Cattel and other Necessaries for Human Life and Bagnagar is the Name of the Metropolis commonly called Golconda which is the Name of a Fortress about two Leagues from it The City is said to be little less than Orleance seated upon a River which near to Mâ—slipatan falls into the Gulph of Bengala over which River there is a stately and fair Bridge into the City which is adorned with the King's Palace and the Houses of the great Lords and other Persons of Quality the Merchants and Tradesmen living in the Suburbs which are a League in length In this City is to be seen the Foundation of a magnificent Pagod which had it been finished had been the fairest in India there is one Stone which is an entire Rock of such a prodigious Bulk that 5 or 600 Men were five years before they could hew it out of its place and they say that 1400 Oxen were employed to draw it away The Men and Women of Golconda are well proportioned and of comely statures only the Country people swarthy there are said to be 20000 Licensed common Women about the City and Suburbs The present King descended from an ancient Family of the Turcomans is a Mahumetan and of the Sect of Hali and pays the Mogul an annual Tribute of 200000 Pagods Maslipatan is a great City and the most famous Road for Ships in the Gulph of Bengal the Argaric Gulph of old from whence they set Sail for Pegu Siam Aracan c. where Bloom saith the English have setled a Factory Concerning the Kingdoms of Narsinga and Bisnagar which some Authors make two distinct Countries though some others confound them together I shall give you this account That formerly the Territories of the Raja of Narsinga extended from Cape Cormorin all along the Coast of Cormandel as far as the River Guenga that falls into the Bengalan Gulph near the mouth of the Ganges the other Raja's being his Subjects that the last Raja who was at War with Ackbar the Mogul brought into the Field four Armies the first lay in that Province which is now called Golconda the second was quartered in the Province of Visapour the third in Brampore the fourth in Doltabat This Raja dying without Children the four Generals divided amongst them the Country but the Successor of the Mogul conquered again that of Brampore of Doltabat and part of Visapour but the King of Golconda became Tributary to him as was said before so that 't is very probable there are no such Cities as Narsingue or Bisnagar Tavernier in his Travels makes no mention of them The last Relations tell us that Gandicot Tav Guendicot Thev is one of the strongest Cities in the Kingdom of Carnatica about 85 Leagues from Meliapour and
Spunges Ostrich-Feathers and chiefly Christian Slaves The Tarsis of the Antients teste Sanut memorable also in the holy Wars for the Sieges and Successes of two of our English Princes Edward the First and Henry the Fourth when but Earl of Darby As to the old Carthage let me only say that it was once one of the fairest Cities of the World when in its Splendor it was three hundred and sixty stadia in circuit like to that of Babylon Its Inhabitants so rich and powerful that they disputed with the Romans as was said for the Empire of the World but now lies buried in its Ruins Biserta is the antient Vrica of Caesar Cic. Plin. Ityca Polyb. and Ptol. Porto Farina and Incolis Garal-mesha Marmol and Faz Mazachares Nâ—g Bensert Arab. Biserta Ital. teste Baud. Here is a fair Burse or Exchange for Merchants two great Prisons for their Slaves and some Bastions to defend the Port which is good and large Memorable for the death of Cato consisting of a high and low Town the one on a Rock the other on the Sea. That of Sousa the Ruspina of Ptol. teste Sans but Mahadia is the Ruspina teste Mol. is a higher and lower City the first on a Rock and of difficult access the later on the Sea with a good Port. In the year 1619 the Duke of Savoy made an unsuccessful Enterprise upon them Within this Government is the City Hammametha Arab. the Adrumetum Plin. Hadrumitum Melae Adrumittes Ptol. which by Adianus is now called Toulba by Merc. Mahometta which communicates its Name to the neighbouring Gulph in the bottom whereon it is seated having strong Walls and a safe Harbor In the Government of Africa Merc. Mahadia Incolis teste Faz El-madia Sans the Aphrodisium Ptol. is a City of the same Name twenty Leagues from Mahometta It s Situation is in a Peninsula guarded with a double Wall and good Ditches Its Port capable to lodge fifty Gallies but its entrance so narrow that a Gally cannot pass without lifting up its Oars Sanson makes El-madia to be the antient Thapsus where Caesar defeated Scipio and Juba after which defeat Cato slew himself at Vtica by Sans now Benserta And Scipio being met by Caesar's Fleet passing his Sword through his Body flung himself into the Sea Juba retired to Zama where he had left his Children and Treasures but being refused entrance he and Pâ—trejas retired into a House in the Field where they killed themselves Zamara is the Zama of Polyb. Strab. and Plin. teste Marmol Zamamizon Plin. where Hannibal was overcome by Scipio one hundred Miles from Mahametta and one hundred and twenty from Tunis Goletta is a Fortress between Tunis and the Sea under this Fort General â—lake with the English Fleet fired the Pyrate Ships of Tunis in 1654. Cayroan was the Residence of a Caliph or one of Mahomets high Priests It is the antient Thesdrus where Massinissa beat Asdrubal while Scipio look'd on Begge Beja lies in a Soil so fertile in Corn that the Natives say That if there were but two Beja's there would be more Grains than Atomes of Sand upon the Sea-shore The River Guâ—dibalbar Mol. makes so many windings and turnings that you cross it twenty five times in the Road from Bona to Tunis Rubricatus Mela. and Ptol. Armua Plin. Ardalio Oros Ladog Cast Jadâ—g I. Leon. But Bagradas Ptol. Strab. Liv. Magrida Leon. Mâ—grada Mar. Magiordeck P. Joviâ— Macra Polyb. Bagrada Caes is made to be the River Guadibalbar in the Maps of Ortelius and Sans Between the Kingdom of Tunis and the Island of Malta lie some little Islands as Pantalarea belonging to the King of Spain wherein is a Gulph from whence the Vapors that thicken upon the Rock above destill as much Water as serves for the use of the Inhabitants the Cossyra Ptol. Cosura Mâ—la Flac. Cosyra Plin. Cosura Strab. distant from C. Bona olim Hermâ—ae vel Mercurii promontorium forty five Miles and from Maltha olim Melita ninety Lampadosa and Limosa belong to the Knights of Maltha In Lampadosa stands a Chappel famous for the Offerings of both Turks and Christians And it has been observed that never any Sacrilegious Person went unpunish'd that robb'd it The first Lopadusa of Strab. and Ptol. The other Aethusa and Aegusa teste Ort. Checara I. Italis Circare Gallis Querquene Merc. Charchana Faz is the Circina and Circinna of old The Kingdom of Tripoli is a barren Country considerable only for the Trade of Tripoli in Barbary so call'd to distinguish it from Tripoli in Syria and Natolia Capes and Caps Nig. Castal c. is the Tacape of Plin. Cape Ptol. Capa Procop. Thacapae or Tacapae Ant. Upon the Coast of this Kingdom lie the two Syrtes the little one is called The Gulph of Capes by Ortel Golfo di Caps by Faz Golfo di Beito In circuit 190 Miles the great one The Gulph of Sydra Golfo di Solocho and Golfo di Palo in the Charts Gallis Les Seiches de Barbarie Baxos de Barbaria Hisp Golfo de Sidra Italis In circuit about four hundred Miles teste Baud. 625. Plin. infamous for the shipwrack of Vessels inhospita Syrtis Virg. 4. Aeneidos The Island of Gerbas where the Spaniards were defeated in the year 1560. by the Infidels And here it was also that Dragut the Pyrate escaped the famous Doria it was the Lotophagites of Strab. and Ptol. Meninx Plin. Mirmex Polyb. Girba Ant. Gerbi Faz Old Tripoli formerly Sabrata Sans is now decayed The Sabathra Ptol. Sabatra Plin. Raksanabes Villan Saxambis Mol. But New Tripoli of Old Ocea is much enriched by Pyracy Along this Coast are some Isles where grows the fruit Lotes very sweet and pleasant and on the South of Tripoli is the fairest and best Saffron Lepeda and Lebeda Baud. the Leptis of the Antients well known to the Romans and to the Arab. of Nubia Zoara of old Pisida noted for its scarcity of Water Of the Kingdom of Barca Cyreniaca Lybia Marmarica are now comprehended under the name of Barca which begins on the part where formerly stood the Altars of the Phylenians which were also the bounds between the Territories of Carthage and Cyrene and after that to the Empires of East and West It is a Country for the most part dry and barren covered over in most places with a thick light Sand continually moved about with the winds turning Hills into Vallies and Vallies into Hills As infamous for the birth of Arius who denied the Divinity of Christ so as famous for one of the Sybils hence named Lybica These Sybils were in number ten viz. Persica Lybica Delphica Cumaea Samia Hellespontica Tiburtina Albunea Scythoea and Cumana which last is said to have written the nine Books of Sybils presented to Tarquinius uperbus which contained Prophesies of the Name Birth and Death of Christ The chief places of most esteem in former times were 1. Barca of old called Ptolomais of such account that it gave name to the whole Country