named by Sir John Berkley were Sir Henry Berkley Mr. Wil. Ashburnham Sir George Cary. Mr. Jo. Weare Colonel Godolphine Capt. Fitz Garret Mr. Robert Walker Mr. Thomas Knight Mr. Thomas Kendal Mr. Thomas Foard Whereupon Thursday April 2. his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax returned this Answer SIR I Have received yours whereby I understand that in pursuance of my demand in my Summons you have determined to treat with me by Commissioners and in order to that have sent a List of ten Gentlemen which you desire for Commissioners on your behalfe of which there is none in particular that I take exceptions unto yet because I desire to carry on the Businesse with cleernesse and expedition which by so great a number cannot be so well effected I thought fit to propound unto you the number of six that being as many as conveniently can be used in a businesse of this nature Vpon your consent hereunto and Answer I shall according to your desire send you a safe conduct for a proportionable number of Commissioners and in the mean time shall rest Your Servant THO. FAIRFAX April 1. 1646. I agree the time to begin on Friday next according to your desire the place Poultymore-house I have sent a List of the Commissioners on my part Lieut. Gen. Hammond Col. Sir Hardresse Waller Col. Lambert Col. Harley Col. Fry Commissary Stane Thursday Apr. 2. Commissioners were appointed and a safe conduct granted Friday 3. the Treaty began at Poultymore S. Jo. Bamfields house This day his Excellency had the newes of the surrender of Deniston Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday and Wednesday the Treaty continued sitting close at it every day and the most part of the night till they had concluded it That which most retarded the proceding was some high demands and fruitlesse quaeries in behalfe of the Clergy viz. the Bishops Deanes Prebends and other Cathedrall men there wherein our Commissioners held them up to what was reasonable and after much time consumed therein they were willing to accept of what we were willing to grant and so on Thursday April 9. the Articles were signed by Sir John Berkley in the presence of our Commissioners and by the General in the presence of their Commissioners which Articles were as followeth Onely first let it be remembred that after there was an entrance upon the Treaty at Excester and that it was probable to come to a good conclusion his Excellency losing no time sent Commissary-general Ireton with his owne Rgiment and Colonel Riche's and some other Regiments of Horse to Oxford to hinder Provisions from going in thither and to take all advantages against the Enemy His Excellency intending to make all speed himselfe after the work done at Excester to lay Siege thereto Articles of Agreement concluded on by Thomas Hammond Lieutenant-general of the Ordnance Colonel Sir Hardresse Waller Colonel Edward Harley Colonel Lambert Commissary-general Stane and Major Watson Scoutmaster-general Commissioners on the behalfe of the right Honourable his Excellency Sir THOMAS FAIRFAX General of the Parliaments Forces on the one Party And Sir Henry Berkly Sir George Cary Colonel Ashburnham Colonel Godolphin Captaine Fitz-Gerald Master Jo. Weare Master Robert Walker and Master Thomas Knight Commissioners on the behalfe of Sir John Berkley Knight Governour of the City of Excester on the other Party touching and concerning the Rendition of the said City and Garrison as followeth I. THat the City and Garrison of Excester together with the Castle and all Forts and Mounts places of defence of or belonging to the same with all Ordnance Armes and Ammunition Provisions and Furniture of Warre belonging to the Garrison excepting what shall be excepted in the ensuing Articles shall be delivered unto Sir Thomas Fairfax General of the Parliaments Forces or to any whom he shall appoint to receive them for the use of the Parliament on Monday next after the date hereof being the thirteenth of this instant April by twelve of the clock at noon II. That if any Officer Souldier or any person included in these Articles wrong or plunder in Person or Goods in their martch away or before any Citizen or Couutry man or any person whatsoever shall as far as he is able give satisfaction to the persons so injured at the Judgment of his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax III. That if any Officer Souldier or any person included in these Articles shall after the date hereof wilfully break deface spoile or imbezle any Armes or other Provisions of Warre whatsoever by the precedent Articles to be surrendred as aforesaid shall lose the benefit of the ensuing Articles IV. That the Princesse Henrietta and her Governesse with her Houshold shall have full liberty to passe with their Plate Moneys and Goods within twenty dayes after the conclusion of this Treaty when she shall desire to any place within the Continent of England or Dominion of Wales at the election of the Governesse and there to remaine untill his Majesties pleasure be further known touching her setling and that the Governesse shal have liberty to send to the King to know his pleasure herein accordingly to dispose of her Highnesse within the aforesaid limitation of places and that fit and convenient Carriages be provided for their passage at reasonable rates V. That the Cathedrall Church nor any other Church within the City shall be defaced or any thing belonging thereunto spoiled or taken away by any Souldier or person of either side whatsoever VI. That the Governour together with all Lords Clergy-men Gentlemen Captaines Officers Troopers and common Souldiers shall martch out of the City on Monday next the thirteenth of April by twelve of the clock at noon with their Horses full Armes Bag and Baggage and their Goods Colours flying Drums beating Matches lighted Bullets full Bandaliers with sufficient convoyes unto Oxford or unto Helston in Cornwal at their severall elections and in case the Governour of Oxford shall refuse to receive the common Souldiers that shall martch thither they are there to deliver up their Armes to the convoy and have passes to repaire to their severall homes and those that martch unto Helston are there to he disbanded and to have Passes to their severall homes That all Troopers and common Souldiers which martch not as aforesaid shall deliver up their Armes except their Swords and have liberty to goe to their owne homes with Bag and Baggage and shall not be compelled to take up Armes against the King provided also that all Officers and Gentlemen that shall chuse to goe to Oxford and not taking up Armes shall repaire into the Parliaments quarters within forty dayes after the date hereof and shall enjoy the benefit of these Articles VII That all those which shall martch to the Garrisons aforesaid shall have free quarter in their martch and not be obliged to martch above ten miles a day and that such other Souldiers as are Inhabitants in the City shall receive free liberty to martch out or remaine therein without being compelled
is That all persons comprized within these Articles shall quietly and peaceably enjoy all their Goods Debts and Moveables during the space of four moneths next ensuing and be free from all Oaths Covenants and Protestations and have liberty within the time of the said four moneths in case they shall not make their composition with the Parliament and shall be resolved to goe beyond Seas to dispose of their said Goods Debts and Moveables allowed by these Articles and to depart the Kingdome if they shall think fit and to have passes for that purpose or otherwise to stay in the Kingdome XXIII That Mount-Radford and the Ward in St. Thomas Parish with the provisions of Warre thereunto belonging be delivered unto his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax or whom he shall appoint to receive them in assurance of the performance of the precedent Articles to morrow by six of the clock in the afternoon being the seventh of April and that four such Gentlemen or Officers as his Excellency shall approve of shall be delivered at the same time as Hostages for the performance of the foregoing Articles on the one part and two Hostages such as Sir John Berkley Knight Governour of the City of Excester shall approve of and appoint to be received for performance on the other part XXIV Lastly that these Articles be ratified and confirmed mutually by his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax on the one part and Sir John Berkley Knight Governour of the City on the other part I doe hereby ratifie and confirme the Articles abovesaid agreed on by the Commissioners on my part THO. FAIRFAX April 9. 1646. The conditions it is confest are honourable for the Enemies acceptance yet no way dishonourable for Souldiers to grant considering the consequence of the timely surrender of that place The time for the surrender of the Towne was not till Monday they desiring that time to put up their Baggage and prepare themselves to martch forth The General thinking it not fit to lose so much time as to stay till Monday though the weather was unseasonable martched away that night after the Articles were signed to Tiverton designing his martch for Barnstable CHAP. VI. The Particulars of the Treaty and surrender of Barnstable and the Resolutions and Motions of the Army after the Reduction thereof till they came to Oxford FRiday the 10. The General came before Barnstable Summoned the Towne and received a civill Answer from the Governour inclining to a Treaty which began the next day and held all that day and part of the day following which was the Lords day when it was concluded much upon the same Articles in effect with those of Excester and the Castle and the Towne was delivered into our hands as a security for surrender of the Fort at eight dayes end Colonel Sheffield being appointed by the General to stay till the surrender and see the Articles performed This Treaty was carried on and concluded by Commissary-General Stane who was sole Commissioner for his Excellency a Gentleman of great fidelity who for this and sundry other actions of advantage to this Army well deserves an honourable mentioning Upon the concluding of Barnstable Articles two Regiments of Foot were commanded from before Barnstable to martch to Dunster and to face the Castle whilest the General 's Summons was sent in to the Governour who embraced a Treaty and after some time spent in capitulations Surrendred the Castle to Colonell Blake Monday the 13. The General set his face toward Excester desirous to have been there to have seen their martching forth that the Articles might not be violated but the weather proved so unreasonable wet that he came short But such was the vigilancy of the Lieutenant-General and the Officers and indeed such was the temper of the Army that there was not the least violation of the Articles I shall conclude this Narration of Excester with the commemoration of the great diligence faithfulnesse and industry of Sir Hardresse Waller who being left in trust by the General when he martched into Cornwal with the command of the Forces on both sides of Excester to straiten the Enemy and hinder them of provisions and keep the Enemy from making incursions into the Country performed therein the part of a gallant Gentleman and an experienced Souldier Tuesday Wednesday Thursday and Friday the 14 15 16 and 17. of April The General stayed in Excester setled things in order to the safety of that place and for the ease of the Country and that he might keep his own Army entire for more publick service reduced three Country Regiments of Foot into one viz. the Regiment of Colonel Shapcoat who had done good service at Tiverton and the Fort at Exmouth and the Regiment which Colonel Frye had very readily raised for the then present service of the West and the Regiment of Colonel Weare which had been likewise imployed in the same service These three Regiments formed into one was ordered for the defence of the Garrison of Excester under the command of Colonel Hamond whom the General appointed Governour of the Garrison Saturday April 18. The General began his martch toward Oxford and Quartered that night at Chard being eighteen miles from Excester the Foot and Train having had Orders two dayes before to advance forward Severall Informations came from our Forces before Oxford That it was common talk in Oxford that the King would escape thence others said That he would come into this Army and others conjectured that which since hath fallen out That he would goe another way all care was taken by our Forces thereabouts as you may well think it concerned them that this prize at last might not escape them Sunday the 19. The General martched to Dorchester where most of the Army quartered that night Monday the 20. the General martched from Dorchester to Salisbury the Traine and Foot to Blandford the Generall stayed at Salisbury Tuesday Wednesday and Thursday the while the Army and Traine of Artillery were come up and till all that were behind were come up from their severall Quarters Sundry Complaints were brought thither unto his Excellency of the violation of Excester and Cornwall Articles by the Committees of severall Counties taking from divers their Horses and Armes and other necessaries which by the Articles they were to carry away with them an act of so much incivility to the General as well as injustice to the sufferers as deserves to be noted Nigro Carbone but that I know his Excellency desires not such revenge But so many Barbarismes of this kind were there as were they particularly related would make such a Volume as would scarce be imagined Friday the 24. Part of the Army martched to Andover whither the General also purposed to have gone that night but Providence ordered it otherwise detaining him at Salisbury till next morning and then he went to Andover where the head Quarter was that night Lieutenant-General Cromwel was two or three dayes before gone for London at the
standing in its full pride and strength being well recovered of all its wounds and batteries received in former assaults and having impregnible Works about it and great variety of invention bestowed upon it But to returne from whence I digressed to the siege of Oxford Our four Quarters being setled under their Canon shot and a Line begun to be drawne from the great Fort on Heddington Hill round Saint Clements lying without Magdalen Bridge his Excellency sent in a Summons to Sir Thomas Glenham Governour of Oxford requiring the surrender of that Garrison The Copy whereof followeth SIR I Doe by these summon you to deliver up the City of Oxford into my hands for the use of the Parliament I very much desire the preservation of that place so famous for learning from ruine which inevitably is like to fall upon it except you concurre You may have honourable termes for your selfe and all within the Garrison if you seasonably accept thereof I desire your Answer this day and remaine Your Servant THO. FAIRFAX May 11. 1646. The same day also his Excellency sent a Summons to the Governour of Borstal-house to the same effect for the substance the copy whereof followeth SIR I Doe by these summon you to deliver up the Garrison of Borstal-house into my hands for the use of the Parliament you may have honourable terms for your selfe and all within your Garrison if you seasonably accept thereof I desire your Answer this day THO. FAIRFAX May 11. 1646. As also the like to Radcoat And the same to Wallingford These four Summons were sent to the severall Garrisons May 11. Sir Thomas Glenham Governour of Oxford returned Answer to the Summons the same day as followeth SIR I Have received your Letter summoning me to surrender the City which was given me in trust for his Majesties use but in respect there are many persons of Eminency I must desire you to receive for Answer a Request that you will be pleased to send a safe Conduct for Sir John Mounson and Master Phillip Warwick to repaire unto you at such a time and place as you shall appoint by whom you shall understand what for the present is desired I remaine Your humble Servant THO. GLENHAM May 11. 1646. According as was desired passes were granted for Sir John Mounson and Master Phillip Warwick to come out of Oxford that day and meet our Commissioners Colonel Rainsborough Colonel Harlow and Colonel Lambert who were ready to receive them at the time and place appointed That which they had in commission was a desire from the Governour Sir Thâ—mas Glenham of liberty to send to the King to know his pleasure upon signification whereof from his Majesty they would returne a positive answer to his Excellency immediately Our Commissioners endeavoured to perswade them the vanity of any such desire and the Generals impatiency of any such delay advising them rather to take the present opportunity least they afterwards fell short of these termes they might now have by present compliance But Sir John Mounson and Master Warwick it seems were so bound up and limited in their Commissions that at present they could not undertake any thing in answer hereto but returning to Oxford took time till the morrow promising more then One of the Generals Trumpeters was appointed to goe with them into Oxford to bring their Answer the next morning On Tuesday May 12. The Trumpeter returned with a desire from Sir Thomas Glenham that in regard there were besides the Duke of Yorke and the two Princes many other persons of eminency Lords Knights and Parliament men otherwise Juncto men and other Gentry and Clergy besides the Inhabitants all concerned in the businesse to whom things could not possibly be represented fully in so short a time that further time might be granted by his Excellency Whereupon that what time would be lost that way might be saved the other all things went on for the siege the dispatch of the Line was hastened and order was given for the drawing up of the Batteries The same day Prince Rupert and with him neere an hundred Horse went forth of Oxford on Colonel Rainsborough's side to take the aire Prince Rupert riding without Boots only in his Shoos and Stockings a Party of our men martched up towards them and fired upon them in which skirmish Prince Rupert had a shot in the right shoulder but pierced no bone whereupon they retreated to Oxford where all sorts were very busie that day and the two following dayes consulting and advising But in issue Thursday 14. the Governour of Oxford sent to make knowne his desire to treat by Commissioners which was accepted of and a counsel of Warre being called it was concluded of Master Crook's house at Marston should be the place and on Monday following the Treaty to begin May 15. The Enemy made another sally out of Oxford and a Party of ours skirmished with them we lost two men Lords day May 17. The Governour of Oxford sent forth the names of the Commissioners for Treaty on his behalfe desiring his Excellency to returne the like number The names of both were On Sir Tho. Glenhams part On his Excellency Sir Tho. Fairfax part Sir John Mounson Lieut. Gen. Hamond Sir John Heyden Colonel Ireton Sir Thomas Gardner Colonel Lambert Sir George Bynion Colonel Rich. Sir Richard Willis Colonel Harley Sir Stephen Hawkins Scoutmaster-Gen Watson Colonel Gosnold Major Desborough Colonel Tyllier Major Harison Doctor Zouch M. Herbert Thomas Chisley Esq M. Waller M. John Dutton Four more to be named afterwards M. Jeffrey Palmer M. Phillip Warwick Capt. Robert Mead. Upon the receipt of the names of the Oxford Commissioners Sir George Bynion was excepted as being exempted from pardon by the Parliaments Propositions Much about this time also was brought to the Army the newes of the surrender of Newark it had been long besieged on the one side by Major-General Poyntz and on the other side by the Scottish Forces It was yeelded to the English Forces commanded by Major-General Poyntz who had given abundant demonstration of no lesse faithfulnesse and diligence then expert Souldiery in his attendance on that service The Scottish Forces presently upon the Kings comming to them retreated back in great haste from Newark northward before the Town was delivered or the Articles signed pretending the cause of Sir Thomas Fairfax his Army advancing toward them whereof there was little likelihood they being engaged before Oxford nor did so much as a Horse stirre that way But to returne to the Siege of Oxford A Treaty being resolved and accepted on both sides and to begin Monday the 18. Sir Thomas Glenham sent to the General desiring that in regard it was usuall at all Treaties to have a Secretary on each part That Master H. Davison his Secretary might have a Passe to come forth with their Commissioners which was 〈◊〉 unto and Master William Clark was appointed to assist the Commissioners on our part The Commissioners on the behalfe
old this is indeed a mischief but to whom even to every one that is not a lover of the Kingdomes safety Hath this Army by a spirit more Almighty then their owne brought home an Olive to this State after such overflowings of War and Blood and shall not the Dove be taken into the Arke shall there be no preservation for them that preserve others CHAP. VIII The Siege and Surrender of Worcester and Wallingâ—ord AFter the Surrender of Banbury Castle Colonel Whaley was sent with some few Troops of Horse to Worcester for the better keeping in of the Enemy Colonel Morgan who was before such time attending that service with the Glocestershire Forces was ordered by the General to Ragland to command in chiefe those Forces that should be imployed for the reducing of that place if upon the Summons sent into Worcester the Enemy stood off and would not treat which accordingly falling out the Enemy in Worcester returning a very high and presumptory Answer upon the Summons that was sent into them and making higher demands then were granted to Oxford Colonel Morgan according to his Orders martched to Ragland leaving Colonel Whaley to attend the service before Worcester who with the Forces of the Counties of Worcester and Shropshire together with some Forces of Newport-pagnel Warwick and Northampton lay before it so as to keep off reliefe and hinder the Enemy from getting in provisions from the Country But there was a great want of Foot for a regular and close Siege which when the service of Oxford was over and that Garrison surrendred was instantly supplyed Colonel Rainsborough being sent with a Brigade thither who no sooner came before the Towne but he laid his Foot Quarters close to the Enemies Works and in two or three nights according to much judgment and resolution raised a Work which much annoyed the Enemies great Fort whereupon they came to a capitulation and being much distracted with the surrender of Oxford and fearing if they neglected their opportunity they should have no conditions at all expecting the whole power of the Army to come upon them They came to conditions as followeth month July 1646 Articles of Agreement for the Surrender of the City of Worcester and the Forts belonging thereunto concluded July 19. 1646. between Colonel Thomas Rainsborough on the behalfe of his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax General of the Forces raised by the Parliament and Colonel Henry Washington Governour of Worcester THat the City of Worcester with all Forts Ordnance Armes Ammunition Stores and Provision of War thereunto belonging shall be delivered without wilfull spoyle and imbeazlement unto his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax or to such as he shall appoint to receive them upon the 22. of this instant July at ten of the Clocke in the morning in such manner and with such exceptions as are contained in the ensuing Articles II. That on the 23 of July the Governour and all Officers and Souldiers of the Garison with all other persons therein that will shall march out of Worcester with their Horses Armes and Baggage belonging to them to any place within one mile of Worcester which the Governour shall chuse where all their Horses and Armes except what allowed in the insuing Articles shall be delivered up to such as his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax shall appoint All the Souldiers shall be disbanded and all such both Officers and Souldiers and others as shall ingage themselves by promise never to beare Armes any more against the Parliament of England nor doe any thing wilfully to the prejudice of their affaires shall have the benefit of these ensuing Articles III. That all such as shall desire to goe to their owne homes or private friends shall have the Generals Passes and protection for their peaceable repaire to and aboad at their severall places they shall desire to goe unto The Governour to passe with all Horses Armes and Baggage properly belonging to him and each Colonel to passe with three Horses and each Lieutenant Colonell and Serjeant Major with two Horses each Captain Lieutenant and Cornet with one Horse and every person not under the degree of an Esquire with three Horses and all of them with their Armes and goods properly belonging to them to be carried on their Horses and all Souldiers with their Swords and such Baggage as properly belong to them which they carry about them IV. That all persons which are to have the benefit of the preceding Articles shall if they desire it have Passes to goe beyond Seas provided they depart this Kingdome within two Months after the surrender of the Town V. That the City and Garison of Worcester and all the Inhabitants thereof shall be preserved from all plunder and violence of the Souldier VI. That Sir William Russell now residing in Worcester be excepted from any benefit of these Articles HEN. WASHINGTON Signed and Sealed July 19. 1646. When the forementioned Forces were sent unto Worcester another Brigade was sent to Ragland and the Generals Regiment with Colonel Lilburnes were sent to assist our Forces before Wallingford by whose accession the Siege being strengthned presently a Summons was sent into the Castle the Governour perceiving new Forces to face the Garrison and that by so fatall an occasion and disaster to them as the surrender of Oxford came to a Treaty which took effect and was concluded upon these Articles Articles of Agreement concluded and agreed by his Excellency Sir Tho. Fairfax Knight General of the Forces raised by the Parliament on the one Party and Col. Tho. Blag Governor of Wallingford on the other Party for and concerning the rendring of the Garison of Wallingford Castle and Town July 22. 1646. I. THat the Castle and Towne of Wallingford with all the Ordnance Armes Ammunitions Stores and Provisions of War thereunto belonging shall be delivered up without wilfull spoile or imbezlement unto his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax or such as he shal appoint to receive the same upon Wednesday the 29. of July 1646 by nine of the clock in the morning in such manner and with such exceptions as are contained in the ensuing Articles II. That on the said 29. day of July the Governour and all Officers and Souldiers of the Garrison with all other persons therein that will shall martch out of Wallingford with their Horses and Armes properly belonging to them proportionable to their present and past commands or imployments with flying Colours Trumpets sounding Drums beating Matches lighted at both ends Bullet in their mouthes and every Souldier twelve Charges of Powder Match and Bullet proportionable with one piece of Ordnance with equipage and with Bag and Baggage to any place within ten miles of Wallingford which the Governour shall choose where in regard his Majesty hath no Garrison left open nor Army neer all their Horses and Armes except what are allowed in the ensuing Articles shall be delivered up to such as his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax shall appoint all the Souldiers shall be disbanded
3 others Lieut. Gen. Cromwel Ear. of Northampton Oxfordshire 500 April 16 1645 Bletchington hous By a party of horse and dragoons 4 houres  150  450 3 Lieut. Gen. Cromwel Col. Windebanke Oxfordshire 72 April 26 1645 neer Farringdon By a party of horse 2 houres 10 40  50 3 Col. Io. Fienes  Berkshire 150 April 27 1645 Bampton-Bush By a party of horse 2 houres  230  200  Lieut. Gen. Cromwel Col. Sir W. Vaughan Oxfordshire 60 May 11 1645 Taunton relieved the first time By part of the Army 54 200 slain in the siege 200  260  Col. Welden General Goring Somersetshire 30 May 22 1645 Oxford foot and horse Routed By a party of horse  3 200  200 1 Adjutant Flemming Capt. Gardiner Oxfordshire 12 May 24 1645 Godstow-house quitted  2 10  30  General Fairfax  Oxfordshire 6 June 1 1645 Gaunt-house yielded 3 2 82  100  Col. Rainsborough  Oxfordshire  June 14 1645 Naseby Battell fought in 2 houres 800 4500 12 and two Mort. pices 8000 112 Gen. Fairfax King Charles Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice Northamptonshire 200 June 18 1645 Leicester town yielded 3 6  14 2600 8 Gen. Fairfax Lord Hastings Leicestershire 300 June 27 1645 Highworth garris yielded 3 houres 4 70  180 2 Gen. Fairfax Major Hen Wiltshire 12 July 3 1645 Taunton Relieved the second time 5 weeks 1000 of the enemies 400  400  Gen. Fairfax Lord Goring Somersetshire 460 July 8 1645 Ilchester garrison quit 1    18  Gen. Fairfax Col. Phelips Somersetshire  July 1645 Ilmore Fight By a party of horse 2 houres 50 200  300 9 Major Gen. Massie Lord Goring Somersetshire 300 July 10 1645 Lamport Battell Lamport Garrison Fought and quit 1 60 1600 2 2500 32 Gen. Fairfax Lord Goring Somersetshire 1200 July 13 1645 Burrough hil fort yielded 4 8 151  200  Col. Okey  Somersetshire  July 23 1645 Bridge water stormed 11 30 1600 44 3000 9 Gen. Fairfax Col. Windham Somersetshire 200 July 30 1645 Bath City yielded 1  140 6 400 2 Col. Rich Sir Thomas Bridges Somersetshire 11 August 4 1645 A Club-Army on Hamilton-hill routed 1 houre 60 400  600 12 Lieut. Gen. Cromwel Master Bravel of Compton Dorsetshire  August 15 1645 Sherburne Castle Battered and stormed 16 200 of ours 340 19 600 2 Gen. Fairfax Sir Lewis Dives Dorsetshire 30 August 20 1645 Nunny Castle yielded 2 5   100  Col. Rainsborough Capt. Turbervile Somersetshire  August 28 1645 Portshotpoint Fo. yielded 6 3  6 140 1 Lieut. Col. Kempson  Somersetshire  Septemb. 10. 1645 Bristol City stormed 18 160 of ours 200 151 6000 8 Gen. Fairfax Prince Rupert Somersetshire and Gloucestershire 20 Septemb. 23 1645 Devizes Castle yielded 7 5  2 400  Gen. Fairfax Sir Charles Lloyde Wiltshire  Septemb. 24 1645 Laicock house yielded 2      Col. Pickering Col. Bovill Wiltshire  Septemb. 25 1645 Barkley Castle stormed 9 40 90 11 500  Col. Rainsborough Sir Charles Lucas Gloucestershire  October 8 1645 Winchester Castle yielded 6 4  7 500  Lieut. Gen. Cromwel Lord Oagle Hantshire  October 14 1645 Basing house stormed 6 40 300 11 500  Leiut Gen. Cromwel Marq. of Winchester Hantshire 80 October 18 1645 Langford house yielded 1      Lieut. Gen. Cromwel Sir Barth Pell Wiltshire  October 20 1645 Tiverton castle stormed 6 4 200 4 400 2 Gen. Fairfax Sir Gilbert Talbot Devonshire 20 January 8 1645 Near Barnstaple quarters beaten up By a party of horse   80  100 2 A Captain of the Plimouth Regiment Sir Allen Apsley Devonshire 80 January 1645 Bowe fight by a party 3 houres  60  100  Sir Hardresse Waller  Devonshire 40 January 9 1645 Bovy-Tracy quarters beaten up By a party of horse and foot  12 60  200 â—one of the K. with C. â— Lieut. Gen. Cromwel Lord Wentworth Devonshire 350 January 16 1645 Plimouth siege raised By the advance of the Army   22 5 left in the works 80  Gen. Fairfax Major Generall Sir John Digby Devonshire  January 19 1645 Dartmouth stormed 7 20 800 106 1600 14 Gen. Fairfax Sir Hugh Pollard Devonshire 60 January 25 1645 Poulderhamcastle yielded 1   2 300  Col. Hamond Sir 〈◊〉 Meredith Devonshire  February 16 1645 Torrington stormed  60 400 80 baâ—… of powd fired 1600 9 Gen Fairfax Lord Hopton Lord Wentworth Lord Capell Devonshire 70 February 24 1645 Engagement of horse near Stratton by a party  12 40  250 4 Col. Butler Major Gen. Web Devonshire 300 February 25 1645 Launceston quitted after dispute 2 houres 3 160  200  Gen. Fairfax  Cornwall 30 February 28 1645 Saltash garrison quitted    3 left in the works   Gen. Fairfax  Cornwall  February 29 1645 Lisard Town quitted    3   Gen. Fairfax  Cornwall  March 3 1645 Mount Edgcomb yielded    5   Gen. Fairfax Col. Edgecombe Cornwall  March 3 1645 Foy Town quitted   60 10 140  Gen. Fairfax  Cornwall  March 1645 Castle-Dennis engagement of horse by a party   100  300  Col. Rich Major Gen. Pert Cornwell 300 March 14 1645 Treaty at Truro Horse disbanded     2000 â—… Colours of horse Gen. Fairfax L. Hopton L. Wentw. Cornwall 4500 disbanded March 16 1645 Exmouth Fort yielded 46   16   Col. Sir Har. Waller Col. Arundell Devonshire  March 16 1645 Dennis Fort yielded    22 200 2 Gen. Fairfax  Cornwall  April 1646 Corfe castle By stratagem and storm 48 11  5   Col. Bingham Major Laurence Dorsetshire  April 13 1646 Excester city yielded 180 100 40 75 1500  Gen. Fairfax Sir Iohn Berkley Devonshire  April 15 1646 S Michaels mount yielded 15   15 400  Col. Hamond Sir Arthur Basset Cornwall  April 20 1646 Barnstaple Town Castle and Fort. yielded 30 20  35 400  Gen. Fairfax Sir Allen Apsley Devonshire  April 1646 Dunster Castle yielded 150 20  6 200  Col. Blagge Col. Windham Somersetshire  April 1646 Woodstock gar yielded 20 40  2   Col. Rainsborough Capt. Fawcet Oxfordshire  May 1646 Salcomb Fort yielded 50   8   Col. Welden Col. Fortescue Devonshire  May 1646 Banbury Castle yielded  8  9 600 8 Col. Whaley Sir William Compton Oxfordshire  May 1646 Radcot Fort yielded 15 6  2 140  Col. Saunderson Col. Palmer Berkshire  June 10 1646 Borstall House yielded 18   5 300  Gen. Fairfax Sir William Compton Buckinghamshire  June 24 1646 Oxford City yielded 55 60  300 2000  Gen. Fairfax The Lords of the privy Councell and Sir Thomas Glemham Oxfordshire  June 24 1646 Farringdon house yielded 55 40  4 500  Sir Robert Pye Sir William Courtney Oxfordshire  July 22 1646 Worcester City yielded  20  25 1500  Col. Rainsborough Col. Washington Worcestershire  July 27 1646 Wallingford cast yielded 65 5  7 800 7 Gen. Fairfax Col. Thomas Blagge Berkshire  August 17 1646 Pendennis castle yielded  17  94 860  Col. Fortescue Col. Arundell and Sir John Digby Cornwall  August 19 1646 Ragland castle yielded  20  23 500  Gen. Fairfax Marq. of Worcester Munmouthshire  Place this Table between folio 334. and 335.
know we are as soon broken as made up as soon flying as conquering We desire therefore Friends not to believe this Army shall do more because it hath done so much and that it cannot be conquered because it hath conquered But that it shall be still victorious while GOD is in it and no longer Accept these Mercies and with them the Instruments in the undeniable demonstration of their Love and Loyalty to their Country in so free an expence of their Blood and so chearfull undergoing all hardships of War for your sakes J. S. The state of the Kingdome when His Excellencie Sir THO. FAJRFAX marched forth May. 1645. Exhibited in Two TABLES The one shewing into what Counties Cities Towns Castles and Places of strength the KING reached and Garrisoned As also the Field-force His Maiestie had to maintain the same and to enlarge his Quarters The other shewing all along what Force Garrisons or Places of strength the PARLIAMENT had to check or ballance the Enemie In two DIVISIONS The one containing the Western Counties The other the Midland Parts THE FIRST DIVISION IN The KING had The Parliament had Cornwal The whole County intire to himself with these places of strength therein well fortified and manned Viz. The Mount the strong Castle of Pendennis Dennis-Fort and Helford-fort which commanded the commodious Harbour of Falmouth The Garrisons of Foy Salt-Ash Mount-Edgcombe and Lanceston Besides His Majesty kept some Forces at Padstow and St. Ives Neither Field-Force Port-Town nor Inland-Garrison and besides the People were generally disaffected to the Parliament Devon All Devon intire to himself except Plimouth only and therein these considerable Garrisons well fortified and manned viz. Excester Barnstaple and Dartmouth the Fort at Exmouth Pouldram-Castle Fort Charles at Salcombe Ilfordcombe Hoptons Fort and the other Forts before Plimouth St. Budeax the garrison at Sir Francis Drakes house Peymouth-house Barley-House and Inch-Garrison Plimouth only and that besieged Somerset All in his power except Taunton only which was then straitly besieged by him And in that County the strong Garrisons of Bristol and Bridgewater Bath Lamport Burrough Nunny-Castle Portshead-Point Ilchester Chidiak-House and Farley-Castle The garrison of Taunton close besieged at that time Dorset Portland-Castle and Island Corf-Castle and Sherborn-Castle The Port-Townes of Poole Lyme and VVeymouth Wilts The Garrisons of the Devizes Laicock-House Langford-House and Highworth Malmesbury Garrison only Hants The strong Garrisons of Basing and VVinchester The Garrisons of Portsmouth Southampton and Christ-Church Port-Towns Berks. Farringdon VVallingford Dennington and Radcot Abbingdon Reading and VVindsor Oxford The City of Oxford the Kings Head-garrison Banbury VVoodstock Gaunt-House Blechingdon-House Godstowe Henley-Garrison Bucks Borstall-house Garrison Alisbury The KINGS Field-Force for the VVEST The PARLIAMENTS Field-Force for the WEST The King's Field-Forces for the securing of these Western Counties and Garrisons even from Oxford to the Mount in Cornwal under the Command of the Lord Goring the Lord Hopton Sir Richard Grenvile and Major-General Sir John Digby Brother to the Lord Digby May modestly be computed to be in all 14000. Horse and Foot besides their severall Garrisons secured with Horse and Foot as may easily be credited if it be considered the great Force they had before Taunton during the two strait Sieges thereof and the many men they lost in both those services And yet with what a considerable Army they were at Lamport when they were beaten there and at the same time also maintaining the Siege before Plimouth with a considerable Force besides those 14000. His Highnesse Prince Charles was then in person in the West raising new Forces whose Presence had such influence on those Parts especially on the Club-men who were thereby made bold in their Meetings and received Commissions under his Highnesse hand and seal to form themselves into Regiments that it was no little addition of Reputation to that Army The Parliament not thinking it safe to spare the new raised Army under his Excellencie Sir Thomas Fairfax to attend the great busines of the VVest and leave the Parliament City and Association without a Guard and the Royal Army about Oxford unattended Designed onely the remaining Regiments of the Earl of Essex's and Sir VVilliam VVallers Horse which were not reduced into the New-Model to busie the Enemy in the West viz. Of Sir VVil. VVallers Colonel Cooks Colonel Fitz-James Colonel Popham and the Plimouth Regiment Of the Earl of Essex's the Relicts of Colonel Beer 's and Colonel D Albiers Regiments under Lieu. Colonel Buller assigned over to Major-Gen Massey which Regiments were formed into a Brigade and designed under the Command of Major-Gen Massey for the Western parts but a little before the Battel of Naseby THE SECOND DIVISION In the County of The KING had The Parliament had Hereford That County entirely to himself with the Garrisons of Hereford Gotheridge and Cannon-Froom No Garrison Place of Strength nor Field-Force Worcester The City of VVorcester Evesham-Garrison and Hartlebury-Castle Hawksworth Castle only Salop. The Garrisons of Ludlow Bridge-North Dawly Shrawarden-Castle Caes-Castle Morton-Corbet-House Stockley-Castle Rowton-Castle Linsel-Manour Apley-House High-Archal Carew-Castle Embleden-Castle Shrewsbury VVem-Garrison and Oswestree Stafford The strong Garrisons of Lichfield and Dudley and Burton and Trent The Garrison of Stafford Chester The City of VVestchester Beeston-Castle Hawarden-Castle Namptwich Leicester The Garrison of Ashby-de-la-Zouch Leicester town shortly after lost Lincoln Belvoir-Castle Lincoln-City Crowland Garrison Hougham Garrison Burleigh Nottingh On this side Trent the strong Garrison of Newark Shelford-House and VViverton The town and castle of Nottingham Errata Page 17. § 7. A whole line left out that should begin the Section viz. But the commands given with publique and unfained ends were not disputed but obeyed Accordingly c. p. 30. l. 1. for part read partee p. 68. l. last but one f. framing r. freeing p. 90. l. 11. f. Kenisome r. Keinsome l. 15. f. rather r. would rather l. 18â— f. setting r. setling p. 95. l. 25. f. in whom r. then in whom l. 30 31. f. and which r. which p. 119. l. 11. f. Priors fort r. Priors hill for t l. penult f. Town r. Line p. 131. l. 4. f. Bennet r. Sir Humphrey Bennet l. 4. f. prisoners r. hostages p. 136. § 7. Marg. l. 6. f. the mood r. that mood p. 140. l. 22. f. in all these r. in these p. 145. l. 6â— after the word Iustice supply an Irish Rebell was taken and executed p. 161. f. Dec. 32. r. Dec. 23. p. 163. l. penult f. set forward r. advanced p. 165. l. 7. f. three r. two p. 171. § 7. l. 4. f. â—own r. Fort p. 177. l. 15. f. S. Edmund r. Sir Edmund p. 179. l. 8 f. William r. Will p. 181. l. 31 32 f. in order to the Oxford horse r. in order to the checking of the Oxford c. p. 182. l. 10. f. Reymouth r. Peymouth p. 185. l. last but two f. advisable it might engage r. advisable being night to
violence on their Members sitting in Parliament having for the present in an orderly way by the assistance of the Trained Bands of the City of London procured for the security of their Members that they might sit and consult safely in Parliament considering the many practices of force that had been attempted against Them and their Authority in order to the subversion of their Religion Lawes and Liberties Desire the King that the Militia might be in such hands as both Houses of Parliament should name and appoint Hereupon the King withdrawes himself refuses to settle the Militia according to the desire of his Parliament endeavours to seize upon Hull and the Magazine there but is prevented sends into the Low-Countries for Cannon Arms and Ammunition which after arrived and was landed not far from Hull Began the body of an Army under the name of a Guard for his person at York Protected by force Offenders from the Justice of Parliament sends forth Commissions of Aray in opposition to the Ordinance of the Militia established by the Parliament upon the Kings refusal to joyn therein sets up his Standard at Nottingham and declared open war against his Parliament Blood had already dy'de The King 's stain'd sword and God did well provide That there the mischief should begin and we First suffer wrong Let no man call our Arms Offensive wars but for received harms Our Countries just revenging ire Jam tetigit sanguis pollutos Caesaris enses Dii melius belli tulimus quod damna priores Caeperit inde nefas Nec dicier arma Senatus Bella superba decet Patriae sed vindicis iram Lucan Pharsal lib. 2. section 5 The Parliaments cause The Parliament on the other side Arm in their own defence and in defence of their Priviledges and Authority and therein of their Religion Lawes and Liberties and particularly to cause obedience to the Summons of Parliament and to bring Delinquents to Iustice and to maintain their Ordinance of the Militia and the Fundamentall right seated in them in the ordering the same for the preservation of Religion Iustice and the Lawes and Liberties of the Kingdome either with the Kings concurrence or without the same in case he either cannot or being seduced by evill Counsellours will not joyn with his Parliament therein No spoile seek these Arms nor self-soveraignty But t' help the Land ' gainst imminent slavery Nec praeda hisce Armis nec Regnum quaeritur ipsis Tantum afferre vires populo servire parato ferè Lucan section 6 A brief account of the former Armies Forces being raised on both sides Those of the Parliament were at first put entirely under the Command of the Earl of ESSEX but after they took severall forms and were divided into several bodies by Commissions granted unto divers persons as Major-Generals Each diversity and alteration taking its rise from an inacquiescency and dissatisfaction with the successe of the present which moved to turne every stone and try if by this or that means the desired End might be obtained Yet severall good services were performed by those Forces and very notable ones under the first and originall conduct of the Earl of Essex as besides Edge-hill and divers others that famous and never to be forgotten relief of Gloucester skirmishing the Enemy a good part of the way both going and comming and at last upon their return giving the Enemy battel in a pitcht field at Newbury whereof the story of these times where-ever they shal come will ring deservedly In the mention of this particular might I be secure from moving envy or detracting from others who might also deserve extremely well in the action I should at least glance at the singular and extraordinary service of Colonel Harvey with his Horse the gallant Foot of the City of London who stood so stoutly to it that day These being not within the line of my story and being recorded by other pens I must thus passe over As also all the considerable actions of the Earle of Manchester and Sir William Waller performed for this Kingdome by them and their deserving Officers and Souldiers The extent of their service amounting at least to so much as that thereby many a Gap was stopt the Kingdome saved from being totally over-run the successe of the Enemies affaires still brought to a reasonable composition the balance kept pretty even and sometimes we were sent before God with songs in our mouthes and occasion was afforded for greater hopes and more blessed expectations Their unhappinesse But whatever was the matter two Summers past over and we were not saved The Parliaments tendernesse of them our Victories so gallantly gotten and which was more pitty so graciously bestowed were put into a bag with holes what we wonne one time we lost another the Treasure was exhausted the Countries wasted A Summers victory proved but a Winters story the Game however set up at Winter was to be new played again the next Spring and mens hearts failed them with the observation of these things The cause hereof the Parliament was tender of ravelling into only men could not be hindred from venting their opinions privately and their feares which were various and variously expressed whereof I determine nothing but this I would only say Gods time to deliver England was not yet come And this was apparent That the Forces being under severall great Commanders want of good correspondency among the Chieftains oftentimes hindred the Publick service section 7 The Parliament conscientiously advising the Remedy The Parliament in prudence waving a strict enquiry into the Cause of these things applyed themselves to seek out the Remedy which was most necessary This Army was conceived and brought forth by a New-Model And there being not only no other comparable but scare any other meanes at all that presented it self to them This New-Model was propunded The danger of this device a designe that carried danger enough in the front of it both in respect of disobliging those at home and giving advantage to the Enemy abroad while we were without an Army or at least whilest our Army was all to peeces But if it were here seasonable to open the grounds thereof it would appear to have been no lesse necessary then hazardous And as desperate cures require desperate remedies so do they often prove very successful as this hath done beyond all expectation God having in most fair and great characters written upon it That it was His Designe and thereby owned both the Counsel and the Counsellours This experience applied to the Parliament And now let all men especially the Parliament of England trust GOD hereafter and venture upon whatsoever is just and necessary by this experience It being as much beyond the belief of man as any thing can be that such an Enterprise as this should be effected so quietly amongst our selves and without any affront from our enemies The New-Model thus resolved on
under what pretence soever and that Iustice according to the known lawes of the land be administred to all persons within this City by the Civil Magistrate And for the performance of these articles I expect such hostages to be given as I shall accept of and hereunto I desire your speedy Answer Sir By this you may evidently perceive my inclination to peace and you may be assured that I shall never desire any thing more then the honour of the King and safety of the Kingdom and that I may become Sir Your Servant Rupert To which Propositions the General returned this Answer Sir I have perused your Propositions wherein some things are doubtfully exprest other things inconsistent with the duty I owe to them I serve Notwithstanding to the end I may give assurance that I earnestly desire to save effusion of blood and the ruine of a City and people that may in time be so serviceable to the Crown and Kingdom If it please your Highness that Commissioners may treat between us concerning the accommodating of things I hope to make it evident to the world that what shall respect the honour of a souldier due civility to all men the good and welfare of the people of that City both in passing by what is past and restoring them to the priviledges of all other subjects and to the immunities of their City will readily be condiscended unto by me and to the end no time may be lost I have here inclosed sent you the names of Commissioners who upon the return of Hostages of equal condition unto me shall attend your Highness sufficiently instructed to conclude on my part Provided the said treaty be ended by nine of the clock this night And to this I desire your answer within the space of an hour and remain Your Highnesse humble servant Tho. Fairfax This answer being returned presently after Dinner by the same Trumpeter he was detained till eight at night and then he brought this answer from the Prince or to this effect in writing That he hoped his Propositions had been such as needed no explanation yet because some doubts were made he was willing to have the exceptions set down in writing and his Highness would return answer Monday September 8. The General returned a particular Answer to every Article which as to the souldiery was very honourable and could not but be very acceptable to the Citizens for the offer was most fair to the Citizens to oblige them to us in case the conditions offered them were but known to them as we hoped they would However we had used means by our Spies to convey the same to them In the interim all things were prepared for the storm every Commander viewing his Posts the Trumpet was detained beyond the time appointed yet afterwards returned with a deniall but not positive That night was appointed for the Army to fall on but upon better consideration it was held fit to put it off to another day and only to alarm the Enemy Tuesday September 9. the Trumpet was sent in again to let the Prince know that if he did not immediately except what was offered all that had passed should be as no treaty requiring the Trumpet to return by 12 of the clock but notwithstanding he was detained till 10 at night and then returned with an unsatisfactory answer Whereupon all things on our part were put in readiness for a storm At 12 of the clock in the night the General went into the field to give order about the drawing out of our men and managing the storm for the next morning The Enemy being left inexcusable for refusing such honourable conditions as were offered the whole Army Horse and Foot being set in a posture round the City to fall on about two in the morning September 10. the signall was given to fall on at one instant round the City and Works which was by setting on fire a great heap of straw and Faggots on the top of an hill and the shooting off four great guns against Pryors-fort from the place where the General was to recide all the time of the storm which being accordingly given immediately the storm began round the City and was terrible to the beholders Colonel Montague and Colonel Pickering with their Regiments at Lawfords-gate entred speedily and recovered 22. great guns and took many prisoners in the Works Major Desborough advancing with the Horse after them having the command of the Generals Regiment and part of Colonel Graves's Sir Hardresse Wallers and the Generals Regiments commanded by Lieut. Colonel â—ackson entred between Lawfords-gate and the river Froom Colonel Rainsborough and Colonel Hamonds Regiments entred near Pryors-fort Major-General Skippons and Colonel Birches entred nearer to the river Froom and the Regiment commanded by Lieut. Colonel Pride was divided part assigned to the service of Pryors-fort and the rest to alarm the great Fort and afterwards they took a little Fort of Welchmen The Sea-men that were at first designed to storm by water the tide failing assisted in storming the Line and Works The Horse that entred here besides the Forlorn-hope so valiantly led on by Captain Ireton were in several parties commanded by Major Bethel Major Alford and Adjutant-general Flemming being of Colonel Whalyes Colonel Riches and part of Colonel Graves his Regiments And after the Line was broke down with the Pioneers and a gap made in the same our Horse with undaunted courage entred and within the Line met with a party of the Enemies Horse put them to a retreat mortally wounded Colonel Taylor formerly a Member of the House of Commons of which wounds he died and took divers prisoners This so disheartned their Horse perceiving withall our Foot to be master of the Line and their men beaten off that they never came on again to give one charge but retreated and stood in a body under the favour of the great-fort and Coulstons-fort In the mean while Pryors-hill-fort very obstinately held out playing fiercely with great and small shot upon our men for two hours after the Line was entred our men all that time in like manner plying them hard with musquet-shot in at the port-holes untill they brought up Ladders to the Fort but it being an high Work many of the Ladders proved too short through which fault some that got up were beaten down again Notwithstanding this disheartned them not but up they went again upon greatest danger and disadvantage some at last creeping in at the port-holes and others got on the top of the Works Captain Lagoe of Lieutenant Colonel Prides Regiment being the first man that laid hold on the Colours and in the end we forced the Enemy within to run below into the inner rooms of the Work hoping to receive quarter but our souldiers were so little prepared for to shew mercy by the opposition that they met withall in the storm and the refusal of quarter when it was offered that they put to the sword the Commander one Major
Price a Welchman and almost all the Officers Souldiers and others in the Fort except a very few which at the entreaty of some of our Officers had their lives spared By that time the Fort was gained the day began to break And most happy it was that the storm began so timely for otherwise had the Enemy had day-light when we first entred we could not havestood upon any ground to have attempted Pryors-hill-fort in regard the Great-fort and Coulstons-fort on the one side and the Castle on the otherside might have cut off our men as fast as they had been drawn up but being in the dark they durst not shoot for fear of killing their own men their Horse during the storm being drawn in a body between the Great-fort and Coulstons-fort But in the mean time the success on Somersetshire side was not answerable unto this on this side our forces there being put to a retreat though they went on with much courage the Works on that side were so high that the Ladders could not near reach them and the approach unto the Line of great disadvantage The Horse designed to enter the line in case it had pleased God to give us here also successe were Lieut. General Cromwels Regiment commanded by Major Huntington Colonel Sir Robert Pyes and Colonel Sheffields both which Colonels in person attended the storm being impatient they had not fair opportunity of entering the Line such was their zeale to the service And lest during the storm the Prince in case he see the Town like to be lost should endeavour to escape with his Horse to prevent the same Commissary General Iretons Colonel Butlers and Colonel Fleetwoods Regiments of Horse were appointed to be in a moving body upon Durdam-Down that place being the most open way and most likely for the Prince to escape by besides part of those Horse did alarm that side of the Line and great-fort towards Durdam-Down and Clifton during the storm as likewise to secure the Foot Colonel Okeyes Dragoons alarming Brandolhill-fort and the Line towards Clifton About 4 houres after the taking Pryors-hill-fort a Trumpeter came from the Prince to desire a Parley which there was reason enough to refuse but considering the Enemy had fired the City in severall places in so much as it was probable the whole City would have been consumed if the fire had gone on The General sent the Prince word that he would embrace a Parley provided he caused the fire to be quenched immediately which was done accordingly and so the treaty proceeded on and by seven at night it was concluded of according to these Articles That his Highnesse Prince Rupert and all Noblemen Officers Gentlemen and Souldiers and all other persons whatsoever now residing in the City of Bristol and Castle and Forts thereof shall march out of the said City Castle and Forts thereof with Colours Pikes and Drums bag and baggage The Prince his Highness all Noblemen Gentlemen and Officers in commission with their horse and arms and their Servants with their horses and swords and common souldiers with their swords the Prince his Life-guard of horse with their horse and arms and two hundred and fifty horse besides to be disposed by the Prince and his life-guard of Fire-locks with their arms and each of them one pound of powder and a proportion of bullet and that none of the persons who are to march out on this article shall be plundered searched or molested That such Officers and Souldiers as shall be left sick or wounded in the city castle or forts shall have liberty to stay till their recovery and then have safe-conducts to go to his Maiesty and in the interim to be protected That the persons above mentioned who are to march away shall have a sufficient Convoy provided for them to any such garrison of the Kings as the Prince shal name not exceeding fifty miles from Bristol and shall have eight dayes allowed for their march thither and shall have free quarter by the way and shall have two Officers to attend them for their accommodation and 20 waggons for their baggage if they shall have occasion to use the same That all the Citizens of Bristol and all Noblemen Gentlemen Clergymen and all other persons residing in the said city suburbs of the same shal be saved from all plunder and violence and be secured in their persons and estates from the violence of the Souldier and shall enjoy those rights and priviledges which other Subjects enjoy under protection and obedience to the Parliament That in consideration thereof the city of Bristol with the castle and all other forts and fortifications thereof and all the ordnance arms ammunition and all other furniture provisions of war excepting what is before allowed shall be delivered up to Sir Thomas Fairfax to morrow being Thursday the 11. day of this instant September by one of the clock in the afternoon without any diminution or imbezlement His Highnesse Prince Rupert then nameing to what army or garrison of the Kings he will march That none of the persons who are to march out on this agreement shall plunder hurt or spoile the Town or any person in it or carry any thing but what is properly their own That upon signing these Articles Colonel Okey and all persons now in prison in the city of Bristol the castle or forts of the same shall immediately be set at liberty That sufficient Hostages be given to Sir Tho. Fairfax such as he shall approve this night who are to remain with him untill the City be delivered That neither the Convoy nor Officers sent with the Prince shall receive any injury in their going or coming back and shall have seven dayes allowance for their return That upon the delivering of the Town sufficient Hostages be given for the performance of the articles on both parts Signed by us the Commissioners on the behalf of his Highnesse Prince Rupert Iohn Mynne W. Tillyer W. Valvasour Signed by us the Commissioners appointed on the behalf of his Excellency Sir Tho Fairfax Edw. Montague Tho. Rainsborough Iohn Pickering That which moved the General to give such favourable conditions was meerly the preservation of the City which otherwise would have been consumed by fire if the Enemy had been driven to a desperate condition God to shew the watchfulnesse of his Providence over the General and Lieutenant-General brought them into some danger and delivered them out of the same graciously during the time of the Parley For while they were both sitting on the top of Pryors-hill-Fort a peece of Ordnance was shot thither from the castle and the bullet grazed upon the Fort within two hands breadth of them but did them no hurt at all This day the well-affected Countrymen of Gloucestershire to the number of about 3000. with some 30 Colours appeared expressing great forwardnesse to serve the Parliament but the service being over they returned to their own homes In this Storm we lost severall Officers
a second consideration it was over-ruled for a Storm which no sooner concluded but difficulties were removed and all things seemed to favour the designe And truly there hath been seldome the like cheerfulnesse to any work like to this after it was once resolved on The day and houre of our storm was appointed to be Wednesday morning the 10th about one of the clock We chose to act it so early because we hoped thereby to surprise the Enemy with this resolution also to avoid confusion and falling foul one upon another that when we had recovered the Line and Forts upon it we could not advance further untill day The Generals signal unto storm was the firing of straw and discharging four peece of canon at Priors-hill-fort the signal was very well perceived of all and truly the men went on with great resolution and very presently recovered the Line making way for the Horse to enter Colonel Montague and Colonel Pickering who stormed at Lawfords-gate where was a Double-work well filled with men and canon presently entred and with great resolution beat the Enemy from their works and possessed their canon their expedition was such that they forced the Enemy from their advantages without any considerable loss to themselves They laid down the bridges for the horse to enter Major Desborough commanding the horse who very gallantly seconded the Foot then our Foot advanced to the city wals where they possessed the Gate against the castlestreet whereinto were put an hundred men who made it good Sir Hardresse Waller with his and the Generals Regiment with no lesse resolution entred on the other side of Lawfords-gate towards Avon river and put themselves into an immediate conjunction with the rest of the Brigade During this Colonel Rainsborough and Colonel Hamond attempted Priors-hill-fort and the Line downward towards Froom and the Major-Generals Regiment being to storm towards Froom river Colonel Hamond possessed the Line immediately and beating the Enemy from it made way for the horse to enter Colonel Rainsborough who had the hardest task of all at Priors-hill-fort attempted it and fought neer three houres for it and indeed there was great despair of carrying the place it being exceeding high a ladder of thirty rounds scarce reaching the top thereof but his resolution was such that notwithstanding the inaccessiblenesse and difficulty he would not give it over The Enemy had four peece of canon upon it which they plyed with round and case-shot upon our men his Lieut. colonel Bowen and others were two houres at Push of pike standing upon the Palizadoes but could not enter Colonel Hamond being entred the Line and captain Ireton with a Forlorn of col Rich his Regiment interposing with his horse between the Enemies horse and col Hamond received a shot with two Pistol bullets which brake his arm by which means the entrance of col Hamond did storm the Fort on that part which was inward by which means col Rainsborough and col Hamonds men entred the Fort and immediately put almost all the men in it to the sword And as this was the place of most difficulty so of most losse to us on that side and of very great honour to the undertaker The Horse did second them with great resolution Both these Colonels do acknowledge that their interposition between the enemies Horse and their Foot was a great means of obtaining of this strong Fort without which all the rest of the Line to Froom river would have done us little good And indeed neither Horse nor Foot would have stood in all that way in any manner of security had not the Fort been taken Major Bethels were the first horse that entred the Line who did behave himself gallantly and was shot in the thigh had one or two shot more and had his horse shot under him Colonel Birch with his men and the Major-Generals Regiment entred with very good resolution where their Post was possessing the Enemies guns and turning them upon them By this all the Line from Priors-hill-fort to Avon which was a full mile with all the Forts Ordnance and Bulwarks were possessed by us but one wherein there were about an hundred and twenty men of the Enemy which the General summoned and all the men submitted The success on Colonel Weldens side did not answer with this And although the Colonels and other the Officers and Souldiers both horse and foot testified much resolution as could be expected Col. Welden Col. Inglesby Col. Herbert and the rest of the Colonels and Officers both of horse and foot doing what could be well looked for from men of honour Yet what by reason of the height of the Works which proved higher then report made them and the shortnes of the Ladders they were repulsed with the losse of about an hundred men Col. Fortescue's Lieutenant col was killed Major Cromwel dangerously shot and two of Col. Inglesbies brothers hurt with some Officers Being possessed of thus much as hath been related the Town was fired in three places by the Enemy which we could not put out which begat a great trouble in the General and us all fearing to see so famous a City burnt to ashes before our faces Whilst we were viewing so sad a spectacle and consulting which way to make further advantage of our successe the Prince sent a Trumpet to the General to desire a Treaty for the surrender of the town to which the General agreed and deputed Col. Montague Col. Rainsborough and Col. Pickering for that service authorising them with instructions to treat and conclude the Articles which are these inclosed for performance whereof Hostages were mutually given On Thursday about two of the clock in the afternoon the Prince marched out having a convoy of two Regiments of horse from us and making election of Oxford for the place he would go to which he had liberty to do by his Articles The Canon which we have taken are about 140. mounted about 100 barrels of Powder already come to our hands with a good quantity of Shot Ammunition and Arms we have found already between two and three thousand Muskets The Royal Fort had Victuals in it for one hundred and fifty men for 320 dayes the Castle victualled for neer half so long The Prince had Foot of the garrison as the Major of the city informed me 2500. and about 1000 Horse besides the Trained bands of the town and Auxiliaries 1000. some say 1500. I heare but of one man that hath died of the Plague in all our army although we have quartered amongst and in the midst of infected persons and places We had not killed of ours in this storm nor all this siege two hundred men Thus I have given you a true but not a full account of this great busines wherein he that runs may reade that all this is none other than the work of GOD he must be a very Atheist that doth not acknowledge it It may be thought that some praises are due to
to take up Armes against the King And if any Souldiers fall sicke upon their martch that convenient carriages and Accommodations shall be provided for them VIII That all Lords Gentlemen Clergy-men Chaplaines and Officers that shall chuse to goe beyond the Seas shall martch away with their full Armes for their owne use and that all common Souldiers shall martch away with their full Armes with a sufficient convoy unto the Port which they shall chuse for their transportation Which Armes they shall there lay down and deliver unto the Governour of the next garrison belonging to the Parliament the said Governour providing for their safety during the time of their abode there where they shall be assisted for the procuring Vessels and Shipping for their transportation at the accustomed Rates and shall have free Quarter for one and twenty dayes allowed to provide for their passage After which time shall be expired the same Officers and Souldiers paying for their Quarters shall have liberty to stay untill Shipping be provided and weather seasonable and that during their stay or before it shall be permitted that any two of them may goe to London to treat with any Forraigne Ambassadour or Agent for a Commission to be entertained beyond the Seas IX That neither the Officers Souldiers nor any person whatsoever in their going out of the City shall be reproached or have any disgracefull speeches or affront offered to them or any of their persons wronged rifled searched or their goods seized or taken away from them by any person whatsoever X. That the Governour Lords Gentlemen Clergy-men Chaplaines Commanders Officers and Souldiers comprized in these Articles shall be allowed and assisted in of providing sufficient Carriages at reasonable Rates to carry away their Bag Baggage and Goods and that care be taken by the future Governour of the said City for the curing of such sick or wounded Officers and Souldiers as shall be left in the City and that upon recovery they shall have Passes to repaire to their own houses respectively XI That the Parliament Forces come not into the City untill the King's Forces be martched out except one hundred and fifty Foot and one Troop of Horse with their Officers XII That no Lords Knights Gentlemen Clergy-men Chaplaines excepting those who are by name excepted by Parliament from pardon and composition Officers Citizens and Souldiers and all other persons comprized within these Articles shall be questioned or accountable for any Act past by them done or by any other by their procurement relating unto the unhappy differences betwixt his Majesty and Parliament they submitting themselves to reasonable and moderate composition for their Estates which the General Sir Thomas Fairfax shall really endeavour with the Parliament that it shall not exceed two yeers value of any mans reall Estate respectively and for personall according to the ordinary rule not exceeding the proportion aforesaid which composition being made they shall have indemnity for their persons and enjoy their Estates and all other Immunities without payment of any fifth or twentieth part or any other Taxes or Impositions except what shall be hereafter charged upon them in common with other Subjects of this Kingdome by authority of Parliament XIII That all Lords Knights Gentlemen Clergy and Chaplaines excepted in the precedent Articles shall have liberty to goe unto any of the King's garrisons and to have a safe conduct for themselves and servants to goe unto the Parliament to obtaine their composition for their Estates and Indemnity for their persons which though it prove ineffectuall yet neverthelesse they shall have four moneths time next after the date of these Articles to endeavour their peace or to goe beyond the Seas and shall have Passes for that purpose XIV That all Horses Armes Money and other goods whatsoever taken as lawfull prizes of War before or during the Siege now in the City be continued in the possession of the present possessors XV. That al Officers Gentlemen Citizens Inhabitants Clergy-men Chaplaines Souldiers and all other persons within the City during the time of their making their composition shal have free liberty either to inhabit within the same City or shall have free liberty at any time to depart with their Families goods and Estates unto any part of this Kingdome in the Parliaments Quarters and before composition made the Merchants and Trades-men to enjoy their Merchandizing and Trades and after composition made all others now prohibited by Ordinances of Parliament to enjoy and exercise their professions or goe beyond the Seas and they and every of them shall have power to dispose and sell to their owne uses either by themselves or others whatsoever part of their Goods or Estates they shall not carry or convey away with them And all Inhabitants which did inhabite within the City within seven moneths past having made their compositions as abovesaid shall enjoy the benefit of this and the twelfth and the two and twentieth Articles XVI That all Charters Customes Privileges Franchises Liberties Lands Estates Goods and Debts of the Major Aldermen Bayliffe Commonalty as a Corporation and all other Corporations of the said City shall be enjoyed by them and that the ancient government thereof remaine as formerly XVII That if any persons or Inhabitants which are comprized within these Articles shall break any of them That such breach shall onely touch and concerne such persons and they to make such satisfaction for the same as the cause doth require XVIII That all persons comprized within these Articles shall have a certificate under the hand of his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax or the future Governour of the City that such persons were in the City at that time of the surrendring thereof and are to have the benefit of these Articles XIX That his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax give assurance That all Officers and Souldiers in the Parliaments Army and all others under his command shall duly and exactly observe all Articles aforesaid And that if they or any of them shall directly or indirectly violate or infringe the same upon complaint thereof Justice may be done and reparation made XX. That the Inhabitants of the City shall be eased and freed from all free Quarter or billet of Souldiers except in cases of urgent necessity other then for lodging and that to be ordered and disposed by the advice of the Major or his Deputy XXI That no Oath Covenant Protestation or Subscription relating thereunto shall be imposed upon any person whatsoever comprized within these Articles but onely such as shall bind all persons aforesaid not to beare Armes against the Parliament of England now sitting at Westminster nor wilfully doe any Act prejudiciall unto their Affaires whilest they remain in their quarters except the persons aforesaid shall first render themselves unto the Parliament who shall cause them to be secured if they think fit XXII That for the further and cleerer understanding of the precedent Articles it is hereby declared that the true meaning of them
houses of their Husbands or at their Friends as they shall desire and to goe or send to London or elswhere to obtaine the Allowances out of their Husbands or Parents Estates allotted them by Ordinance of Parliament XIX That such of his Majesties Houshold-Servants who shall desire to goe to his Majesty may have free liberty and passes to goe accordingly at any time within one moneth next after the rendring of the garrison And that His Majesties Houshold-stuffe and other his peculiar goods which are now in Oxford may be carried to His Majesties House at Hampton-Court and his Servants under whose charge or custody any of them are shall be allowed and assisted in the procuring of Carts Boates and Carriages for the removal of them thither and there to remaine till His Majesty shall otherwise dispose of them and then to be sent or disposed accordingly And that such of His Majesties Servants who are not able for the present to goe to Him shall have liberty passes and protections to goe to and remaine at his Majesties said House at Hampton-Court and have liberty to attend the Committee for his Majesties Revenue to procure a competent Allowance out of his Majesties Revenues for their subsistence until his Majesty shall otherwise provide for or dispose of them XX. That all Clergy-men now in Oxford who shall not upon composition or otherwise be restored to their Church-livings shall have liberty to goe to London to obtaine some fitting allowance for the livelihood of themselves and their Families XXI That it is Intended Declared and Agreed That all persons comprized within these Articles shall peaceably and quietly enjoy all their Goods Debts and Moveables allowed by these Articles during the space of six moneths after Rendring the Garrison And that they shall be free from all Oaths Engagements and Molestations except an Engagement by promise not to beare Armes against the Parliament nor wilfully do any act prejudicial to their Affaires so long as they remaine in their Quarters And that they shall have liberty within the space of six moneths in case they shall be resolved to goe beyond Seas to dispose of their Goods Debts and Movables allowed by these Articles and depart the Kingdome if they think fit And to have passes for their transportation or otherwise to stay in the Kingdome XXII That if any of these Articles shall in any point be broken or violated by any person or persons in Oxford or cōprized within this capitulation the fault and punishment shall be upon him or them onely who made the breach or violation and shall not be imputed to or charged upon any other not assenting thereunto or not an actor in it XXIII That the Duke of Richmond the Earle of Lindsey and their Servants that came forth with them shall enjoy the benefit of these Articles in whatsoever may concerne them XXIV That the Garrisons of Farringdon shall be rendred to his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax and the Governour Gentlemen Souldiers and all other of what quality soever within those Garrisons shall enjoy the benefit of these Articles in every particular which may concerne them they rendring the Garrison accordingly as Oxford XXV That all persons comprizedin these Articles shall upon request have a certificate under the hand of his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax or the future Governour of the city That such persons were in the City at the time of the surrender therof and are to have the benefit of these Articles XXVI That the General Sir Thomas Fairfax shall give a Passe to one or two Messengers with their Servants to goe unto the King to give Him an account of the proceedings upon this Treaty and conclusion thereof and to returne and receive the benefit of these Articles On Wednesday the 24. of June the day appointed the Towne was accordingly surrendred The Enemy martched out about twelve of the clock a Guard of our Foot was appointed for them to martch through which extended in length from Saint Clements neer Maudlin-Bridge to Shotover-Hill Our Horse were drawne up into severall Bodies in severall places in the Reare of the Foot There martched out in a Body well Armed with Colours flying and Drums beating about three thousand who had not the least injury or affront offered them in their martch through our men which the Governour Sir Thomas Glenham hath since acknowledged much to the honour of the Army Besides that Body there went forth that day before and after them about five hundred most of them Horse men and private persons engaged in the Siege There likewise martched forth this day at the North gate all those that went to Yorkeshire and Gloucestershire and those parts who had a Convoy for that purpose being a considerable number those that martched forth when Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice went forth on Monday and those that followed them on Tuesday when other Gentlemen of quality left the City were in all about three hundred persons most of them men of quality and their Attendants After his Excellency had possession of the Towne it was the continuall imployment of some to make Passes for those that were yet left behind and not martched out of the Towne with the Body there were above two thousand Passes made after the forementioned Forces were gone as by a particular List of every mans name was reckoned whereof many were Noblemen Knights and Gentlemen of quality the rest Officers and Reformadoes and some Schollers Likewise after his Excellency had the Garrison the three Regiments of Auxiliaries consisting of two thousand men were disbanded and their Armes brought in Those that martched out upon Wednesday about nine hundred of them laid down their Armes when they came to Tame and received Passes to goe to their severall Houses and their Armes were brought into Oxford One thousand one hundred of them listed themselves for Forraigne service There were found in the Magazine seventy Barrels of Powder besides they had two Mils which supplied them daily with Powder There were in the Towne thirty eight pieces of Ordnance whereof twenty six were Brasse For provisions of Victuals by what was found in the Stores and by what was informed they had in the Stores before they sold it to the Townesmen during the Treaty to raise Moneys to pay their Souldiers there was not lesse then six moneths provisions The Souldiers were much discontented and much ado there was to keep them from doing violence to the Lords for no other cause but for being the occasion as they said of delivering up the Towne a fault which alas they could not help the strength of the Works about the Towne was found to be such as resolved it in the minds of all understanding men to be much for the Parliaments service that the town was taken by conditions especially considering what unseasonable weather followed that if the Siege had continued but to the day of surrender we must have been forced to have quit some of our leaguers the fields being
or other Nations it was not without some Jealousie that in them there was some mixture and glosses of Oratory and Art the more to set off and give Lustre to the Acts as Arguments of Emulation for others to follow the Foot-steps of their Vertues but the Actions of your Excellency will adde Lnstre and Beliefe to them being all verified in you And indeed here considering the swift Martches and the Ex peditions in these grand and difficult Attempts which were prosecuted and effected by your Excellency I may say The Almighty came Riding on the Wings of the Wind for these were nothing else but the Magnalia Dei acted in and by you his Instrument It was the Custome of the ancient Romans after a glorious and succesfull Prince to derive his Name to Posterity in memorie of his Vertues as after that great Prince JULIUS CAESAR his Successors retained the Name of CAESARS as AUGUSTUS CAESAR TYBERIUS CAESAR c. Thus hereafter all Famous and Victorious succeeding Generals in this Kingdome if the time shall prove so unfortunate will desire the addition of the Name of FAIR FAX And surely the Honour of the late Lord General was not whiles he lived any way eclipsed by the succession of your Excellency in his Command but rather augmented whiles each retained the brightnesse of his owne Honour having both Rayes enough to enlighten a Kingdome then overset with Clouds and thick darknesse I shall need to say no more but this That the Woâ—ld will admire your Excellencies Worth Posterity will honour your Name and that the whole House of Commons in the Name of the Commons of England doth returne you Thanks for your faithfull and memorable Services the beginning continuance and effect whereof I must solely attribute to the Almighty the Lord of Hosts and Victories But never had JuliusCaesar the honor in those Civil wars when he came to Rome as a Conquerour one poor Metellus confronts him and gives check to his Victory sweld spirit breaking up the Doors of Saturnes Temple Indeed there is a manifest cause of difference Caesar did not plead the Senates cause did not fight for the Roman Liberties The Senate fled when Caesar drew neare but his Excellenciâ—s Warre was the Parliments Peace by his Motion they sat still Happy man may I say of him that is able to Engage Kingdomes and Parliaments in such Respects and Dutyes and happy Kingdome and Parliament also for whose Exstreame and low Condition God Reserves such a chosen Vessell To all which his Excellency made a very modest returne Expressing How much he Esteemad himselfe Honoured by the great Respects of the Houses towards him and that he accounted it his greatest Happinesse under God to be in the least kind Instrumentall for theirs and the Kingdomes good So great was the benefit and Obligation of his Excellencies Services that the Lord Major and Aldermen in their owne and Cities interest feeling the same particularly could not discharge themselves in their Consciences to acknowledge to their General in their representive the Commons of England but on the Tuesday following came with a Train of Coaches to his Excellencies house in the name and on the behalfe of the City to render Thanks unto him by whose watchfulnesse this famous City so much longed for by the Enemy was preserved from being sackt and plundered as well as the Kingdome recovered Master Glyn the Recorder was their Mouth to this effect SIR I Am to declare unto you in the behalf of ihe Lord Major and the whole City that they in the first place blesse Almighty God for the great Victories and Successes wherewith it hath pleased God to Crowne your faithfull Endeavours And next they give your Excellency hearty Thanks for your great and incomparable Services whereby you have setled the City and whole Kingdome in so peaceable a Condition as it is at this day To which his Excellency gave a very modest Reply in way of Thankfulnesse for that Visit and the Respects of the City towards him And in close the Recorder further gave his Excellency to understand That the City intended very shortly to make a further acknowledgment of their Thankfulnesse and to give a greater Testimony of the high Esteeem tâ—ey had of his Excellency month December 1646 And thus I have brought his Excellency to Towne and here I could be glad to leave him Pacem te possimus omnes but I must carry him Forth againe but 't is not to War nor Battell 't is to discharge Armies and Souldiers that England may if it be the Will of God be a quiet Habitation againe and the noyse of War not heard in it His Excencellency had not long staid at London but he was Ordered to provide a Convoy to goe with the two hundred thousand pounds for the Scottish Army upon their martching out of England His Excellency living more to the Publick Service and Commonalty then his owne Ease or Accommodation On Thursday Decemb. 18. went from London towards Northampton having before ordered most of his Forces to advance to those parts and appointed three Regiments of Horse viz. Colonel Sir Robert Pye's Colonel Grave's and Colonel Rossiter's and three Regiments of Foot viz. Major-General Skippon's Colonel Lilburnes and Colonel Sir Hardresse Waller's to martch under the command of Major-General Skippon as a Convoy to the said Money to Newcastle upon Tyne a tedious Winter martch being neer two hundred miles from the place where some of them received the Money yet the better to be undergone when it ends not in fighting as many tedious Martches of this Army have done And thus you have an account of six Regiments how they are disposed the rest of the Army I leave in their Quarters to practice Saint John Baptists Lesson Doe violence to no man and be content with your Wages And would to God I might here set Finis to our English Troubles as well as to this History Times and Issues are in the Hand of God we cannot know what is to come let us look over and recount with thankfulnesse what God hath done for us who for his Works sake among us is glorious in the Eyes of all Nations yea in the Consciences of our Enemies who cannot but confesse our Rock is not as their Rock if he be not glorious in our Eyes t is the least can be said his Mercies have been ill bestowed upon us It may be expected here I should conclude with a Panegyrick of the Army and a Paraenetick to the Kingdome to Love and Honour them but me thinks there should be no need of that the whole Story proclaimes their Worth and Merit their Name is Engraven by God himselfe as with the Poynt of a Dyamond on the Gates and Wals of many of our chiefe Places Yea they have Sown a Name to themselves in the Earth and Watered it with their Blood in many places of this Kingdome and if all those great Works God hath done for the Kingdome by them have not