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in_o that_o only_a true_a god_n which_o his_o mother_n helena_n worship_v all_o her_o life_n and_o his_o father_n constantius_n towards_o his_o end_n to_o that_o god_n he_o offer_v zealous_a and_o devout_a prayer_n that_o he_o will_v discover_v to_o he_o who_o he_o be_v and_o how_o he_o will_v be_v worship_v and_o will_v protect_v he_o in_o his_o present_a condition_n of_o danger_n his_o devotion_n be_v not_o in_o vain_a for_o by_o a_o stupendous_a miracle_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n god_n declare_v his_o acceptance_n of_o his_o supplicant_n prayer_n for_o he_o see_v over_o the_o sun_n then_o begin_n to_o decline_n the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n in_o heaven_n figure_v by_o a_o resplendent_a light_n together_o with_o these_o word_n inscribe_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o this_o be_v victorious_a which_o spectacle_n cause_v great_a admiration_n both_o to_o himself_o and_o his_o army_n artemius_n one_o of_o the_o spectator_n afterward_o relate_v this_o miracle_n to_o julian_n the_o apostate_n and_o vouch_v many_o of_o his_o then_o present_a soldier_n for_o spectator_n and_o further_a witness_n thereof_o some_o writer_n add_v that_o many_o angel_n be_v see_v with_o this_o apparition_n who_o encourage_v constantine_a and_o promise_v he_o victory_n by_o that_o sign_n and_o that_o he_o himself_o see_v a_o arm_a horseman_n who_o bear_v in_o his_o hand_n the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n as_o a_o ensign_n the_o christian_n in_o constantine_n army_n be_v encourage_v by_o this_o celestial_a vision_n but_o the_o pagan_n look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o fatal_a and_o ominous_a sign_n until_o the_o succeed_a victory_n prove_v it_o otherwise_o nay_o at_o first_o the_o good_a emperor_n himself_o be_v in_o great_a doubt_n what_o this_o strange_a vision_n shall_v portend_v until_o at_o night_n our_o lord_n appear_v to_o he_o in_o his_o sleep_n bear_v the_o same_o sign_n with_o he_o and_o command_v constantine_n to_o cause_v a_o draught_n or_o copy_n thereof_o to_o 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be_v drown_v his_o body_n be_v cast_v upon_o the_o shore_n the_o people_n find_v and_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n which_o with_o great_a joy_n and_o triumph_n they_o carry_v up_o and_o down_o the_o city_n fasten_v to_o a_o pole._n it_o be_v affirm_v that_o since_o rome_n be_v build_v never_o be_v a_o day_n celebrate_v with_o great_a or_o more_o universal_a joy_n than_o the_o day_n whereon_o constantine_n triumph_v for_o this_o victory_n his_o triumphant_a chariot_n be_v attend_v not_o with_o conquer_a prince_n or_o general_n but_o with_o the_o nobility_n of_o rome_n free_v from_o dungeon_n and_o chain_n rome_n do_v not_o indeed_o enrich_v herself_o with_o spoil_n of_o enemy_n but_o cease_v to_o be_v the_o spoil_n of_o a_o inhuman_a tyrant_n however_o this_o pious_a emperor_n will_v have_v this_o common_a joy_n and_o applause_n ascribe_v not_o to_o himself_o but_o to_o god_n only_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n to_o who_o only_o he_o give_v the_o praise_n and_o honour_n of_o this_o victory_n at_o his_o triumphal_a entrance_n into_o the_o city_n he_o cause_v the_o cross_n to_o be_v carry_v before_o his_o army_n that_o rome_n may_v see_v by_o what_o arm_n she_o have_v be_v free_v from_o slavery_n he_o also_o enjoin_v the_o people_n and_o senate_n to_o prostrate_v themselves_o before_o that_o triumphant_a sign_n and_o to_o adore_v the_o name_n of_o christ_n who_o have_v ennoble_v the_o same_o it_o be_v therefore_o a_o narrow_a conceit_n of_o some_o who_o will_v not_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o cross_n be_v ever_o honour_v or_o venerate_v by_o this_o emperor_n or_o his_o command_n when_o it_o be_v most_o manifest_a by_o undeniable_a testimony_n for_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o constantine_n dedicate_v a_o church_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n this_o honour_n of_o the_o cross_n prudentius_n thus_o sound_v forth_o vex_v illum_fw-la crucis_fw-la summus_fw-la dominator_fw-la adorat_fw-la and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o the_o say_a emperor_n signify_v his_o will_n that_o all_o the_o world_n shall_v also_o do_v so_o this_o prince_n also_o further_o to_o honour_v this_o sign_n of_o our_o salvation_n cause_v his_o statue_n to_o be_v set_v up_o in_o rome_n hold_v a_o cross_n in_o the_o right_a hand_n with_o this_o inscription_n by_o this_o save_a sign_n the_o emblem_n of_o fortitude_n i_o deliver_v your_o city_n from_o the_o yoke_n of_o tyranny_n and_o have_v give_v perfect_a liberty_n to_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n i_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o ancient_a greatness_n and_o splendour_n there_o be_v another_o inscription_n engrave_v in_o stone_n by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n of_o like_a purport_n with_o the_o former_a wherein_o the_o victory_n be_v ascribe_v contrary_a to_o the_o roman_a custom_n to_o one_o true_a god_n and_o not_o to_o the_o many_o god_n there_o adore_v after_o this_o signal_n victory_n constantine_n send_v for_o licinius_n the_o emperor_n to_o milan_n and_o there_o give_v he_o to_o wife_n his_o sister_n constantia_n and_o procure_v a_o edict_n from_o he_o for_o free_a liberty_n to_o profess_v the_o christian_a religion_n what_o belong_v to_o church_n be_v restore_v unto_o they_o both_o constantine_n and_o lacinius_n join_v in_o their_o request_n to_o maximinus_n the_o eastern_a emperor_n to_o grant_v the_o like_a freedom_n within_o his_o dominion_n to_o which_o request_n maximinus_n with_o much_o unwillingness_n yield_v matthew_n of_o westminster_n affirm_v that_o about_o this_o time_n constantine_n choose_v into_o the_o senate_n his_o three_o uncle_n beforementioned_a which_o may_v perhaps_o give_v occasion_n to_o julian_n the_o apostate_n afterward_o to_o darken_v the_o memory_n of_o this_o glorious_a emperor_n as_o a_o perverter_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n in_o be_v the_o first_o who_o adorn_v barbarous_a stranger_n with_o consular_a robe_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 314._o silvester_n succeed_v melchiade_n in_o the_o popedom_n it_o
cut_v after_o the_o roman_a manner_n or_o shall_v permit_v his_o wife_n to_o go_v abroad_o unveil_v he_o shall_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o communion_n that_o a_o monk_n and_o consecrate_a virgin_n shall_v not_o abide_v in_o the_o same_o lodging_n nor_o travel_v in_o the_o same_o chariot_n that_o if_o a_o monk_n shall_v neglect_v the_o divine_a office_n or_o wear_v long_a hair_n he_o shall_v be_v excommunicate_a that_o the_o alm_n of_o excommunicate_a person_n or_o pagan_n shall_v not_o be_v receive_v that_o if_o any_o christian_a shall_v be_v guilty_a of_o manslaughter_n fornication_n or_o consult_v soothsayer_n he_o shall_v perform_v penance_n for_o each_o crime_n the_o space_n of_o a_o year_n and_o he_o that_o be_v guilty_a of_o steal_v half_o a_o year_n of_o which_o 20_o day_n he_o shall_v eat_v bread_n only_o and_o be_v withal_o oblige_v to_o restitution_n that_o if_o any_o christian_a shall_v believe_v spirit_n may_v be_v present_v in_o a_o glass_n he_o shall_v be_v anathematise_v etc._n etc._n that_o if_o any_o consecrate_a virginshall_n marry_n she_o shall_v be_v excommunicate_v till_o she_o be_v convert_v and_o forsake_v her_o adultery_n which_o have_v do_v she_o be_v to_o perform_v due_a penance_n after_o which_o they_o be_v not_o to_o live_v in_o the_o same_o house_n or_o town_n that_o if_o any_o priest_n shall_v build_v a_o church_n he_o must_v not_o offer_v sacrifice_n in_o it_o before_o it_o be_v consecrate_a by_o the_o bishop_n that_o if_o a_o clergyman_n be_v excommunicate_v he_o must_v say_v his_o prayer_n alone_o and_o not_o in_o the_o same_o house_n with_o his_o brethren_n neither_o must_v he_o presume_v to_o offer_v or_o consecrate_v till_o he_o be_v absolve_v that_o a_o bishop_n may_v not_o ordain_v in_o another_o bishop_n diocese_n without_o his_o consent_n only_o upon_o sunday_n he_o may_v offer_v sacrifice_n that_o a_o clerk_n come_v from_o britain_n into_o ireland_n without_o a_o testimonial_a be_v not_o suffer_v to_o minister_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v of_o this_o or_o any_o other_o irish_a synod_n in_o any_o author_n except_o only_o the_o author_n of_o st._n patrick_n life_n where_o this_o general_a passage_n may_v be_v find_v the_o most_o holy_a bishop_n st._n patrick_n together_o with_o three_o other_o bishop_n and_o many_o clark_n come_v to_o a_o fountain_n call_v debach_n which_o flow_v from_o the_o side_n of_o crochon_n towards_o the_o east_n there_o to_o celebrate_v a_o synod_n touch_v ecclesiastical_a affair_n and_o they_o sit_v near_o the_o fountain_n when_o behold_v two_o daughter_n of_o king_n legaren_n come_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n to_o wash_v in_o the_o same_o fountain_n as_o woman_n there_o usual_o do_v and_o there_o find_v the_o holy_a synod_n with_o st._n patrick_n near_o the_o fountain_n the_o inscription_n of_o this_o synod_n run_v thus_o thanks_o be_v give_v to_o god_n the_o father_n son_n and_o holy_a ghost_n patricius_n auxilius_n and_o isserninus_n to_o the_o priest_n deacon_n and_o whole_a clergy_n health_n it_o be_v better_a we_o shall_v premonish_v those_o who_o be_v negligent_a then_o blame_v thing_n just_a for_o solomon_n say_v it_o isbetter_v to_o reprove_v then_o to_o be_v angry_a the_o tenor_n of_o our_o definition_n begin_v thus_o if_o any_o captive_n etc._n etc._n another_o holy_a bishop_n and_o disciple_n of_o st._n patrick_n be_v once_o more_o to_o be_v commemorate_a st._n albeus_n who_o when_o he_o hear_v that_o st._n patrick_n have_v convert_v to_o our_o lord_n engus_n king_n of_o munster_n momonensium_fw-la and_o be_v with_o he_o in_o the_o royal_a city_n cassel_n come_v to_o salute_v they_o now_o the_o king_n and_o st._n patrick_n joyful_o receive_v he_o and_o the_o holy_a man_n reverent_o entertain_v his_o master_n st._n patrick_n for_o he_o be_v very_o humble_a after_o which_o this_o king_n engus_n and_o st._n patrick_n ordain_v that_o the_o archepiscopal_a see_v of_o all_o munster_n shall_v be_v for_o ever_o place_v in_o the_o city_n and_o chair_n of_o st._n albeus_n the_o conversion_n of_o king_n engus_n be_v after_o this_o manner_n when_o st._n patrick_n have_v sow_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n in_o lemster_n he_o prosecute_v his_o way_n to_o the_o limit_n of_o munster_n where_o the_o king_n with_o great_a joy_n meet_v he_o have_v a_o earnest_a desire_n to_o believe_v and_o be_v baptise_a and_o with_o much_o reverence_n conduct_v he_o to_o his_o royal_a city_n cassel_n and_o have_v be_v instruct_v believe_v and_o receive_v baptism_n three_o year_n after_o this_o st._n patrick_n consecrate_a st._n benignus_n archbishop_n of_o armagh_n and_o there_o quit_v his_o solicitude_n for_o other_o return_v into_o britain_n to_o his_o much_o desire_a solitude_n of_o glastonbury_n where_o he_o end_v his_o day_n his_o successor_n st._n benignus_n after_o seven_o year_n spend_v in_o care_n of_o his_o province_n thirst_v after_o solitude_n and_o willing_a to_o see_v his_o belove_a master_n and_o desirous_a also_o to_o receive_v from_o he_o a_o most_o perfect_a rule_n of_o monastical_a discipline_n by_o the_o admonition_n of_o a_o angel_n come_v to_o glastonbury_n and_o there_o demand_v of_o st._n patrick_n what_o place_n he_o shall_v make_v choice_n of_o to_o live_v in_o union_n with_o god_n alone_o divide_v from_o humane_a society_n st._n patrick_n answer_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v pursue_v happy_o he_o well_o begin_v purpose_n say_v go_v my_o belove_a brother_n and_o take_v only_o your_o staff_n with_o you_o and_o when_o you_o shall_v be_v arrive_v at_o the_o place_n appoint_v by_o god_n for_o your_o repose_n wheresoever_o it_o be_v have_v fix_v your_o staff_n in_o the_o ground_n you_o shall_v see_v it_o slourish_v and_o grow_v green_a there_o know_v you_o must_v make_v your_o abode_n both_o of_o they_o be_v thus_o comfort_v with_o mutual_a discourse_n st._n benignus_n accompany_v only_o with_o a_o youth_n name_v pincius_n begin_v his_o journey_n through_o woody_n and_o moorish_a place_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v arrive_v at_o a_o island_n where_o he_o see_v a_o solitary_a place_n and_o which_o he_o judge_v sit_v for_o his_o habitation_n he_o present_o fix_v his_o staff_n in_o the_o ground_n which_o without_o delay_n wonderful_o grow_v green_a and_o bring_v forth_o leave_v there_o therefore_o st._n benignus_n resolve_v to_o abide_v until_o death_n in_o the_o service_n of_o god_n alone_o and_o for_o many_o year_n after_o the_o same_o tree_n as_o a_o witness_n and_o sign_n of_o the_o bless_a man_n sanctity_n remain_v flourish_v with_o green_a bough_n over_o his_o oratory_n now_o though_o that_o solitary_a place_n separate_v from_o worldly_a conversation_n be_v very_o proper_a for_o the_o attend_a god_n in_o divine_a concern_v yet_o one_o incommodity_n it_o have_v that_o no_o water_n be_v near_o so_o that_o young_a pincius_n be_v compel_v every_o day_n to_o fetch_v water_n almost_o three_o mile_n off_o whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o partly_o through_o weariness_n but_o principal_o through_o suggestion_n of_o wicked_a spirit_n he_o grow_v disheartened_a which_o the_o holy_a man_n perceive_v ofttimes_o endeavour_v to_o comfort_n and_o encourage_v he_o at_o last_o take_v compassion_n of_o his_o labour_n he_o prostrate_v himself_o on_o the_o ground_n humble_o and_o hearty_o beseech_v our_o lord_n to_o open_v for_o his_o servant_n a_o spring_n of_o water_n which_o may_v sufficient_o supply_v his_o necessity_n after_o which_o admonish_v by_o a_o angelic_a vision_n he_o give_v his_o staff_n to_o young_a pincius_n command_v he_o to_o go_v to_o a_o certain_a place_n full_a of_o reed_n and_o their_o strike_v the_o ground_n with_o his_o staff_n he_o shall_v without_o doubt_n find_v water_n so_o earnest_o desire_v by_o they_o the_o child_n obey_v go_v to_o the_o place_n and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o bless_a trinity_n strike_v the_o ground_n three_o time_n make_v three_o holes_n in_o it_o with_o the_o end_n of_o the_o staff_n which_o he_o 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epistle_n to_o timothy_n send_v to_o he_o from_o rome_n among_o other_o salutation_n join_v pudens_n and_o claudia_n and_o a_o late_a learned_a writer_n have_v demonstrate_v out_o of_o antiquity_n that_o this_o our_o claudia_n ruffina_n spring_v from_o the_o royal_a blood_n of_o britain_n and_o be_v the_o wife_n and_o mother_n of_o glorious_a saint_n and_o our_o ancient_a history_n report_n that_o timotheus_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o pudens_n come_v into_o this_o our_o island_n and_o convert_v many_o to_o the_o faith_n and_o at_o least_o dispose_v king_n lucius_n to_o his_o succeed_a conversion_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o such_o his_o come_n hither_o may_v be_v the_o love_n and_o regard_n he_o have_v to_o his_o mother_n a_o british_a lady_n it_o be_v pretend_v that_o pomponia_n graecina_n the_o wife_n of_o plantius_n general_n of_o the_o army_n under_o claudius_n in_o this_o island_n be_v a_o christian_a and_o devout_a saint_n but_o this_o may_v be_v doubtful_a though_o it_o be_v clear_a by_o tacitus_n that_o she_o be_v accuse_v of_o a_o strange_a religion_n forbid_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n which_o may_v be_v the_o christian_a religion_n to_o the_o knowledge_n whereof_o she_o may_v attain_v by_o her_o acquaintance_n with_o claudia_n ruffina_n but_o we_o have_v more_o unquestionable_a record_n of_o one_o mansuetus_n companion_n of_o st._n clemens_n which_o mansuetus_n be_v a_o northern_a britain_n who_o go_v to_o rome_n either_o with_o adminius_n a_o prince_n of_o britain_n or_o bericus_n a_o nobleman_n thereof_o or_o as_o attendant_n upon_o caractacus_n where_o the_o say_v mansuetus_n may_v be_v convert_v by_o st._n peter_n and_o be_v by_o he_o constitute_v bishop_n of_o toul_n in_o lorraine_n upon_o a_o miracle_n by_o he_o do_v in_o restore_v to_o life_n and_o health_n a_o son_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o that_o city_n who_o say_a son_n fall_v down_o from_o a_o high_a tower_n the_o effect_n of_o which_o miracle_n be_v the_o conversion_n of_o the_o say_a 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and_o this_o island_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o quiet_a and_o uninterupted_n solitude_n of_o glastonbury_n where_o be_v erect_v the_o first_o school_n of_o contemplation_n and_o which_o continue_v the_o glorious_a habitation_n of_o a_o world_n of_o saint_n even_o to_o late_a year_n it_o may_v be_v find_v in_o a_o very_a ancient_a author_n who_o write_v of_o church_n affair_n in_o the_o first_o century_n that_o he_o mention_n the_o exaltation_n of_o the_o british_a church_n under_o nero_n add_v that_o many_o church_n be_v build_v in_o this_o island_n by_o s._n peter_n and_o it_o be_v agree_v of_o on_o all_o hand_n that_o the_o cruelty_n of_o nero_n towards_o the_o christian_n drove_n s._n paul_n out_o of_o rome_n even_o as_o far_o westward_o as_o britain_n where_o though_o he_o be_v have_v in_o high_a veneration_n yet_o we_o never_o read_v that_o the_o church_n here_o plant_v be_v call_v the_o seat_n of_o st._n paul_n but_o often_o the_o chair_n of_o st._n peter_n insomuch_o as_o 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the_o name_n of_o king_n yet_o several_a prince_n of_o the_o british_a blood_n exercise_v a_o kingly_a jurisdiction_n among_o the_o rest_n coelus_n have_v that_o title_n over_o the_o trinobantes_n iceni_n and_o other_o and_o be_v the_o father_n of_o helena_n the_o mother_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a she_o be_v say_v to_o be_v bear_v in_o colchester_n the_o prime_a city_n of_o that_o province_n which_o in_o memory_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n find_v by_o she_o bear_v in_o its_o arm_n a_o cross_n between_o four_o crown_n decius_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o two_o philip_n extend_v his_o rage_n to_o the_o religion_n by_o they_o profess_v in_o who_o time_n many_o glorious_a martyr_n among_o the_o rest_n st._n fabianus_n bishop_n of_o rome_n who_o seal_v the_o firmness_n of_o their_o religion_n with_o their_o blood_n although_o some_o redeem_v themselves_o from_o sacrifice_v to_o idol_n obtain_v libel_n false_o declare_v they_o have_v sacrifice_v and_o
depose_v from_o his_o bishopric_n of_o antioch_n this_o arch-heretick_n refuse_v to_o relinquish_v his_o see_n the_o bishop_n give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o obstinacy_n to_o dionysius_n bishop_n of_o rome_n the_o emperor_n aurelianus_n be_v desire_v to_o pronounce_v sentence_n therein_o who_o in_o a_o manner_n like_o a_o christian_a decree_v that_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o say_a bishopric_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o such_o to_o who_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n and_o other_o western_a bishop_n shall_v assign_v it_o and_o so_o paulus_n be_v utter_o expel_v from_o his_o church_n two_o voyage_n of_o constantius_n chlorus_n be_v mention_v in_o story_n the_o first_o in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o aurelian_n reign_n he_o be_v then_o only_o a_o senator_n or_o patrician_n but_o send_v with_o a_o army_n to_o reclaim_v the_o britain_n who_o be_v too_o apt_a to_o adhere_v to_o such_o tyrant_n who_o usurp_v the_o empire_n yet_o be_v with_o all_o quietness_n receive_v as_o the_o emperor_n 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300._o year_n after_o constantine_n and_o in_o his_o excellent_a treatise_n of_o virginity_n express_o affirm_v that_o st._n helena_n be_v a_o british_a lady_n and_o his_o treatise_n have_v be_v high_o extol_v by_o st._n bede_n give_v great_a advantage_n to_o our_o assertion_n however_o st._n helena_n have_v be_v disgraceful_o speak_v of_o by_o some_o author_n as_o the_o concubine_n and_o not_o the_o wife_n of_o constantine_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v easy_o prove_v that_o they_o constant_o co-habited_n as_o man_n and_o wife_n in_o a_o lawful_a and_o chaste_a marriage_n by_o the_o uncontested_a succession_n of_o constantine_n their_o son_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o by_o other_o undeniable_a testimony_n and_o barronius_n conclude_v we_o be_v of_o necessity_n compel_v to_o agree_v that_o helena_n be_v the_o lawful_a wife_n of_o constantius_n insomuch_o as_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n make_v a_o decree_n in_o her_o honour_n wherein_o he_o set_v forth_o how_o much_o she_o be_v honour_v by_o 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succeed_v who_o die_v after_o six_o month_n probus_n renown_v for_o military_a virtue_n be_v choose_v it_o be_v say_v the_o senate_n wish_v he_o and_o the_o army_n choose_v he_o and_o the_o people_n with_o acclamation_n approve_v his_o election_n during_o his_o reign_n by_o the_o recalling_a of_o constantius_n many_o trouble_n arise_v in_o britain_n especial_o from_o bonosus_n of_o british_a extract_n probus_n after_o five_o year_n reign_n be_v slay_v by_o his_o own_o army_n and_o carus_n manlius_n aurelius_n choose_v in_o his_o stead_n who_o create_v his_o two_o son_n carinus_n and_o numerianus_n caesarus_n carus_n be_v kill_v by_o lightning_n numerianus_n and_o carinus_n by_o treachery_n doclesian_n after_o the_o death_n of_o carus_n be_v pronounce_v emperor_n by_o the_o army_n and_o prove_v the_o author_n of_o the_o last_o but_o long_a and_o most_o dreadful_a persecution_n that_o ever_o the_o church_n of_o god_n suffer_v carinus_n be_v slay_v dioclesian_n assume_v maximianus_n as_o his_o companion_n in_o the_o empire_n they_o conspire_v in_o a_o resolution_n to_o extirpate_v christianity_n and_o defend_v the_o adoration_n of_o their_o pagan_a god_n there_o never_o be_v give_v a_o strong_a proof_n of_o the_o church_n be_v found_v upon_o a_o rock_n than_o the_o unsuccessfulness_n of_o the_o rage_n of_o these_o two_o emperor_n against_o it_o they_o have_v the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o world_n in_o their_o hand_n they_o be_v eminent_a for_o valour_n wisdom_n and_o policy_n they_o govern_v the_o empire_n above_o 20_o year_n employ_v all_o their_o time_n without_o relaxation_n in_o suppress_v the_o truth_n of_o christ_n they_o omit_v no_o temptation_n by_o favour_n or_o terror_n to_o withdraw_v the_o servant_n of_o jesus_n from_o worship_v he_o no_o torment_n be_v want_v public_a and_o private_a person_n be_v arm_v to_o destroy_v the_o poor_a christian_n not_o only_o single_o one_o by_o one_o but_o whole_a army_n of_o they_o be_v butcher_v together_o to_o disgrace_v the_o christian_n and_o to_o oppress_v they_o be_v the_o ready_a way_n to_o preferment_n yet_o with_o all_o this_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v destroy_v that_o it_o gain_v more_o soul_n to_o christ_n than_o the_o sermon_n of_o the_o devout_a preacher_n can_v do_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n insomuch_o as_o these_o two_o vainglorious_a and_o malicious_a prince_n see_v all_o their_o endeavour_n against_o christ_n to_o become_v fruitless_a through_o despair_n depose_v themselves_o from_o the_o government_n of_o the_o world_n which_o they_o have_v undertake_v principal_o in_o design_n to_o destroy_v the_o truth_n of_o christ_n this_o island_n of_o britain_n divide_v from_o the_o world_n and_o so_o exempt_v from_o persecution_n yet_o smart_v under_o the_o cruelty_n of_o these_o bloody_a emperor_n and_o by_o the_o martyrdom_n of_o st._n albanus_n st._n amphibalus_fw-la st._n julius_n st._n aaron_n and_o their_o associate_n afford_v a_o glorious_a example_n of_o conquer_a the_o world_n and_o hell_n itself_o by_o faith_n and_o patience_n by_o all_o circumstance_n these_o holy_a martyr_n suffer_v about_o the_o begin_n of_o dioclesian_n reign_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 286._o as_o st._n bede_n express_o testify_v edict_n for_o the_o persecution_n of_o the_o christian_n be_v about_o this_o time_n first_o send_v into_o britain_n which_o may_v perhaps_o occasion_v amphibalus_fw-la to_o return_v a_o second_o time_n into_o his_o native_a country_n to_o convert_v man_n in_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n he_o be_v say_v first_o to_o six_o at_o verulam_n in_o the_o house_n of_o albanus_n a_o eminent_a citizen_n there_o and_o descend_v of_o a_o illustrious_a roman_a family_n and_o the_o emperor_n quaestor_n or_o treasurer_n he_o receive_v st._n amphibalus_fw-la though_o a_o stranger_n to_o he_o with_o great_a kindness_n and_o liberality_n but_o understand_v he_o be_v a_o christian_a private_o question_v he_o how_o he_o can_v pass_v safe_o to_o that_o city_n through_o so_o many_o region_n of_o
express_v by_o he_o in_o their_o proper_a name_n be_v one_o only_a god._n i_o believe_v say_v st._n albanus_n and_o my_o firm_a faith_n be_v that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o god_n beside_o my_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n who_o for_o the_o salvation_n of_o mankind_n take_v our_o nature_n upon_o he_o and_o suffer_v death_n upon_o the_o cross_n he_o together_o with_o the_o father_n and_o the_o holy_a spirit_n be_v one_o only_a god_n and_o beside_o he_o there_o be_v no_o other_o and_o have_v say_v this_o he_o often_o cast_v himself_o prostrate_a before_o the_o crucifix_n as_o if_o he_o have_v see_v our_o lord_n jesus_n himself_o hang_v on_o the_o cross_n carnest_o beg_v pardon_n for_o his_o sin_n he_o often_o affectionate_o kiss_v his_o saviour_n foot_n and_o place_n of_o his_o wound_n as_o if_o he_o have_v see_v he_o crucified_a tear_n with_o blood_n flow_v abundant_o from_o his_o eye_n upon_o the_o venerable_a cross_n and_o these_o word_n from_o his_o mouth_n i_o renounce_v the_o devil_n 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the_o love_n of_o christ_n by_o die_v for_o he_o his_o domestic_n and_o neighbour_n observe_v the_o wonderful_a change_n in_o his_o manner_n of_o life_n begin_v to_o suspect_v and_o quick_o find_v out_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o it_o so_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o be_v public_o know_v for_o a_o deserter_n of_o heathenish_a superstition_n and_o therefore_o complain_v of_o unto_o and_o convene_v before_o the_o roman_a magistrate_n to_o who_o a_o certain_a gentile_n have_v discover_v what_o ever_o pass_v between_o st._n albanus_n and_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la this_o magistrate_n thus_o incense_v command_v they_o shall_v both_o be_v bring_v before_o he_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la be_v depart_v the_o soldier_n find_v only_o st._n albanus_n in_o his_o strange_a habit_n at_o his_o prayer_n with_o naked_a foot_n before_o the_o cross_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o ask_v he_o where_o the_o clerk_n be_v who_o he_o have_v entertain_v he_o answer_v that_o the_o holy_a man_n be_v under_o the_o 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by_o this_o return_n of_o constantius_n the_o poor_a
britain_n with_o so_o prosperous_a a_o voyage_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v bring_v thither_o not_o by_o post-horse_n but_o mount_v and_o fly_v in_o a_o heavenly_a chariot_n upon_o his_o approach_n to_o his_o father_n he_o be_v receive_v by_o he_o with_o great_a joy_n and_o devout_a thanksgiving_n to_o god._n the_o die_a emperor_n be_v now_o willing_a to_o embrace_v death_n and_o bequeath_v the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o his_o beloved_a and_o first_o bear_v son_n constantine_n and_o so_o with_o comfort_n depart_v this_o life_n he_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o city_n of_o york_n with_o princelike_a solemnity_n and_o by_o the_o heathenish_a roman_n deify_v with_o the_o title_n of_o divine_a cambden_n report_v that_o when_o the_o house_n of_o monk_n there_o be_v in_o our_o father_n memory_n demolish_v a_o lamp_n be_v find_v burn_v in_o a_o little_a vault_a chapel_n in_o which_o by_o tradition_n constantius_n be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v bury_v the_o ancient_n have_v doubtless_o 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the_o empire_n shall_v be_v her_o dowry_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o finish_v his_o father_n victory_n in_o britain_n and_o be_v therein_o assist_v by_o king_n erocas_n by_o who_o counsel_n he_o be_v much_o guide_v afterward_o he_o pass_v over_o with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o france_n and_o there_o suppress_v two_o barbarous_a prince_n who_o fill_v the_o country_n with_o faction_n incite_v the_o gaul_n to_o rebellion_n then_o he_o begin_v to_o treat_v with_o maxentius_n who_o a_o year_n before_o hear_v of_o the_o death_n of_o constantius_n possess_v himself_o of_o rome_n and_o usurp_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o praetorian_a soldier_n and_o upon_o the_o hope_n that_o maximianus_n who_o daughter_n he_o have_v marry_v will_v favour_v he_o in_o his_o ambition_n the_o conceit_n whereof_o make_v he_o slight_v all_o motion_n of_o concord_n with_o constantine_n howbeit_o maximinian_n have_v hear_v of_o the_o noble_a victory_n and_o exploit_n of_o constantine_n bestow_v his_o daughter_n fausta_n upon_o he_o and_o with_o her_o the_o imperial_a purple_a but_o soon_o after_o this_o marriage_n maximinianus_fw-la discover_v his_o treacherous_a intention_n to_o repossess_v himself_o of_o the_o empire_n which_o he_o have_v voluntary_o resign_v and_o bind_v himself_o by_o solemn_a oath_n in_o the_o capital_a never_o to_o resume_v this_o intention_n he_o first_o make_v know_v to_o his_o daughter_n fausta_n before_o the_o marriage_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o he_o solicit_v the_o army_n with_o promise_n of_o great_a reward_n to_o stick_v to_o he_o all_o these_o design_n fausta_n reveal_v to_o constantine_n and_o withal_o inform_v he_o that_o the_o intend_a marriage_n be_v but_o to_o make_v he_o secure_v that_o her_o father_n may_v the_o soon_o deprive_v he_o of_o the_o empire_n and_o perhaps_o of_o his_o life_n also_o this_o intention_n of_o maximinian_n soon_o appear_v for_o he_o forthwith_o public_o assume_v the_o name_n and_o authority_n of_o emperor_n at_o arles_n from_o whence_o retire_v to_o marseilles_n he_o be_v there_o besiege_a by_o constantine_n and_o soon_o make_v his_o prisoner_n and_o afterward_o execute_v upon_o himself_o the_o just_a vengeance_n of_o perjury_n and_o treason_n for_o he_o strangle_v himself_o with_o a_o halter_n such_o a_o deserve_a and_o ignominious_a end_n have_v this_o tyrant_n who_o defile_v the_o western_a empire_n with_o the_o blood_n of_o so_o many_o christian_n constantine_n thus_o victorious_a prosecute_v his_o victory_n in_o germany_n where_o he_o build_v a_o bridge_n over_o the_o rhine_n and_o subdue_v several_a rebellious_a nation_n he_o have_v as_o be_v say_v several_a noble_a britain_n in_o his_o army_n with_o he_o among_o which_o three_o uncle_n of_o his_o mother_n helena_n be_v name_v johelin_n traer_n and_o marius_n at_o this_o time_n although_o constantine_n be_v not_o a_o christian_a yet_o he_o afford_v the_o christian_n the_o like_a peace_n which_o they_o enjoy_v under_o his_o father_n monastery_n be_v replenish_v and_o build_v those_o of_o abingdon_n and_o winchester_n be_v the_o principal_a the_o first_o whereof_o be_v speedy_o finish_v and_o consecrate_a to_o the_o memory_n of_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la and_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 200_o year_n prosper_v till_o the_o time_n of_o cerdicus_fw-la the_o west_n saxon_n who_o then_o destroy_v the_o monk_n turn_v it_o into_o a_o temple_n of_o idolatry_n as_o for_o that_o in_o abingdon_n if_o the_o chronicle_n of_o that_o place_n may_v be_v credit_v constantine_n himself_o in_o his_o young_a day_n have_v his_o education_n there_o to_o this_o monastery_n belong_v 500_o monk_n who_o get_v their_o live_n by_o their_o labour_n abroad_o but_o every_o sunday_n resort_v to_o their_o monastery_n to_o perform_v their_o devotion_n sixty_o more_o be_v constant_o resident_n attend_v in_o the_o recital_n of_o psalm_n and_o christian_a sacrifice_n it_o be_v now_o that_o almighty_a god_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o innocent_a blood_n of_o the_o christian_n shed_v by_o the_o tyrant_n galerius_n visit_v he_o with_o a_o inward_a and_o incurable_a rottenness_n whereof_o he_o die_v have_v for_o a_o long_a time_n consume_v he_o by_o piecemeal_n with_o great_a stench_n and_o torment_n neither_o can_v he_o appease_v the_o wrath_n of_o god_n although_o but_o too_o late_a he_o acknowledge_v the_o justice_n of_o god_n and_o send_v out_o edict_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o christian_n thus_o end_v the_o furious_a persecution_n first_o raise_v by_o dioclesian_n there_o yet_o remain_v four_o person_n who_o supreme_o and_o independent_o govern_v their_o several_a province_n constantine_n in_o gaul_n and_o britain_n maxentius_n in_o italy_n and_o africa_n maximinus_n in_o the_o east_n and_o licinius_n in_o the_o pannonia_n greece_n illyrium_n and_o thrace_n all_o which_o province_n in_o a_o short_a time_n become_v unite_v under_o the_o monarchy_n of_o constantine_n the_o 112th_o year_n of_o christ_n be_v now_o come_v prosperous_a to_o the_o church_n of_o god_n happy_a be_v it_o for_o christian_n that_o maxentius_n refuse_v agreement_n with_o constantine_n such_o be_v the_o manifold_a vice_n oppression_n murder_n adultery_n and_o great_a enormity_n of_o maxentius_n that_o constantine_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n enforce_v not_o only_o for_o his_o own_o safety_n but_o the_o general_a good_a of_o mankind_n to_o free_v the_o world_n of_o such_o a_o monster_n odious_a not_o only_o to_o christian_n but_o to_o pagan_n also_o to_o conclude_v a_o war_n against_o the_o tyrant_n though_o strong_a than_o himself_o constantine_n therefore_o have_v recourse_n to_o divine_a assistance_n but_o such_o a_o multitude_n of_o god_n be_v worship_v in_o the_o world_n that_o he_o be_v uncertain_a to_o which_o of_o they_o he_o shall_v address_v himself_o after_o serious_a consideration_n call_v to_o mind_n how_o former_a emperor_n have_v be_v abuse_v to_o their_o own_o ruin_n by_o false_a oracle_n incantation_n and_o inhuman_a sacrifice_n offer_v to_o their_o heathen_a god_n he_o resolve_v to_o put_v his_o confidence_n
shall_v in_o all_o church_n be_v celebrate_v upon_o the_o same_o day_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o quarto_fw-la decimani_fw-la who_o observe_v it_o according_a to_o the_o jewish_a custom_n upon_o the_o 14_o day_n of_o the_o first_o moon_n in_o march_n which_o practice_n begin_v to_o prevail_v more_o and_o more_o in_o the_o east_n to_o this_o canon_n the_o british_a bishop_n then_o of_o this_o council_n subscribe_v another_o canon_n of_o this_o council_n be_v worthy_a consideration_n namely_o that_o all_o such_o shall_v be_v remove_v from_o the_o order_n of_o the_o clergy_n who_o in_o time_n of_o persecution_n have_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o pagan_n the_o holy_a scripture_n or_o the_o lord_n vessel_n depute_v for_o the_o christian_a sacrifice_n as_o by_o the_o 20_o canon_n of_o this_o council_n appear_v which_o command_v that_o a_o place_n to_o offer_v sacrifice_n shall_v be_v afford_v to_o a_o strange_a bishop_n with_o vessel_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o thereupon_o restitutus_n a_o british_a bishop_n who_o subscribe_v to_o that_o council_n do_v there_o offer_v sacrifice_n according_o some_o pretend_v a_o canon_n in_o this_o council_n that_o deacon_n in_o their_o ordination_n protest_v their_o resolution_n to_o marry_v may_v lawful_o do_v it_o if_o any_o such_o canon_n be_v foist_v into_o late_a copy_n give_v deacon_n any_o such_o privilege_n yet_o see_v priest_n be_v not_o therein_o mention_v it_o be_v strong_o imply_v that_o they_o be_v forbid_v marriage_n at_o the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o synod_n a_o letter_n be_v write_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a assembly_n to_o pope_n silvester_n desire_v his_o care_n and_o diligence_n in_o the_o observation_n of_o their_o decree_n in_o all_o church_n the_o british_a subscriber_n to_o this_o council_n be_v these_o that_o follow_v eborius_n bishop_n of_o york_n restitutus_n beforenamed_a bishop_n of_o london_n famous_a in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 350._o the_o three_o adelfus_fw-la bishop_n of_o camolodunum_n or_o maldon_n about_o this_o time_n a_o public_a disputation_n be_v hold_v before_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o mother_n helena_n between_o some_o christian_a bishop_n whereof_o pope_n silvester_n be_v chief_a and_o twelve_o scribe_n and_o pharisee_n principal_a master_n among_o the_o jew_n in_o which_o conflict_n the_o holy_a pope_n by_o scripture_n and_o miracle_n so_o confirm_v the_o faith_n that_o he_o obtain_v a_o noble_a victory_n insomuch_o as_o the_o jew_n fall_v into_o a_o slat_n rebellion_n against_o the_o emperor_n but_o be_v suppress_v be_v carry_v up_o and_o down_o with_o their_o ear_n cut_v off_o as_o stigmatise_v slave_n that_o all_o man_n may_v be_v witness_n of_o their_o crime_n and_o deter_v from_o the_o like_a presumption_n some_o impute_v the_o say_a disputation_n to_o helena_n as_o if_o she_o be_v a_o favourer_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o no_o christian_a before_o her_o son_n conversion_n and_o so_o only_o by_o his_o example_n contrary_a to_o the_o truth_n of_o all_o authentic_a story_n it_o may_v indeed_o be_v true_a that_o her_o piety_n be_v much_o increase_v by_o the_o apparition_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n to_o her_o son_n howbeit_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o she_o be_v a_o sincere_a christian_a long_o before_o whatever_o aspersion_n may_v be_v cast_v upon_o she_o by_o ill-willer_n in_o the_o year_n 317._o licinius_n forgetful_a of_o his_o covenant_n with_o constantine_n begin_v a_o persecution_n against_o the_o christian_n and_o a_o war_n against_o constantine_n who_o after_o two_o battle_n obtain_v a_o complete_a victory_n accompany_v with_o the_o death_n of_o licinius_n this_o success_n constantine_n himself_o under_o god_n attribute_v to_o his_o sacred_a ensign_n of_o the_o cross_n whereof_o licinius_n be_v so_o afraid_a that_o he_o command_v his_o soldier_n not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o look_v towards_o it_o for_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o whoever_o bear_v that_o ensign_n can_v never_o be_v wound_v the_o dart_n cast_v by_o the_o enemy_n still_o remain_v fix_v to_o the_o staff_n support_v the_o cross_n and_o now_o constantine_n betake_v himself_o to_o enrich_v and_o adorn_v the_o church_n and_o confer_v immunity_n upon_o churchman_n he_o publish_v a_o law_n that_o all_o clerk_n and_o clergyman_n shall_v be_v excuse_v from_o all_o civil_a office_n and_o duty_n that_o by_o the_o ill-will_n or_o malice_n of_o any_o they_o may_v not_o be_v withdraw_v from_o the_o service_n of_o god._n nay_o say_v sozomen_n by_o this_o emperor_n decree_n if_o any_o clergyman_n be_v call_v into_o judgement_n by_o civil_a magistrate_n they_o may_v appeal_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o bishop_n who_o sentence_n be_v to_o be_v ratify_v as_o if_o pronounce_v by_o the_o emperor_n himself_o moreover_o whereas_o the_o roman_a law_n be_v severe_a against_o celibacy_n so_o as_o unmarried_a person_n be_v incapable_a of_o inheritance_n constantine_n consider_v how_o prejudicial_a this_o be_v to_o christian_a religion_n wherein_o many_o profess_a virginity_n and_o single_a life_n prefer_v the_o love_n of_o christian_a philosophy_n and_o perfection_n before_o the_o sensual_a pleasure_n of_o matrimony_n and_o consecrate_v themselves_o both_o soul_n and_o body_n to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n in_o a_o poor_a and_o chaste_a life_n for_o that_o reason_n utter_o abolish_v those_o ancient_a law_n show_v withal_o great_a honour_n and_o admiration_n to_o the_o convent_v of_o consecrate_a virgin_n and_o if_o we_o will_v believe_v sozomen_n he_o so_o far_o privilege_v all_o person_n male_a or_o female_a who_o consecrate_a themselves_o to_o virginity_n that_o though_o they_o be_v under_o age_n yet_o they_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o dispose_v of_o their_o estate_n by_o will_n contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o further_o also_o ordain_v that_o a_o measure_n of_o wheat_n shall_v yearly_o be_v give_v to_o widow_n and_o those_o who_o observe_v a_o virgin_n life_n two_o three_o whereof_o julian_n the_o apostate_n not_o long_o after_o take_v from_o they_o he_o command_v public_a rest_n on_o the_o lord_n day_n and_o prescribe_v a_o form_n of_o prayer_n on_o that_o day_n for_o all_o person_n especial_o his_o soldier_n part_v whereof_o be_v in_o these_o word_n we_o acknowledge_v thou_o the_o only_a god_n we_o profess_v thou_o our_o sovereign_a king_n we_o invoke_v thou_o our_o helper_n by_o thou_o we_o obtain_v victory_n and_o vanquish_v our_o enemy_n we_o acknowledge_v that_o from_o thou_o we_o have_v obtain_v present_a felicity_n and_o hope_v to_o obtain_v future_a we_o bescech_v thou_o many_o year_n to_o preserve_v safe_a and_o victorious_a constantine_n our_o emperor_n with_o his_o pious_a child_n he_o likewise_o in_o memory_n of_o our_o saviour_n cross_n and_o passion_n ordain_v that_o upon_o friday_n some_o time_n shall_v be_v spend_v in_o prayer_n to_o god._n last_o he_o not_o only_o enrich_v the_o church_n by_o his_o own_o bounty_n but_o by_o a_o law_n open_v the_o purse_n of_o other_o to_o endow_v it_o by_o give_v licence_n to_o all_o person_n to_o bequeath_v what_o they_o think_v sit_v to_o the_o church_n by_o one_o action_n indeed_o he_o stain_v the_o purity_n of_o his_o faith_n for_o be_v at_o sardis_n and_o have_v notice_n that_o his_o palace_n at_o rome_n be_v strike_v with_o lightning_n a_o ominous_a sign_n to_o the_o pagan_a roman_n and_o by_o their_o ancient_a law_n to_o be_v avert_v by_o many_o superstitious_a lustration_n he_o condescend_v to_o the_o importunity_n of_o the_o magistrate_n to_o consult_v the_o soothsayer_n what_o the_o meaning_n of_o it_o may_v be_v but_o command_v they_o to_o abstain_v from_o domestical_a sacrifice_n this_o unlawful_a compliance_n of_o the_o emperor_n turn_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o christian_n for_o by_o colour_n thereof_o at_o the_o instigation_n of_o the_o soothsayer_n the_o heathen_a magistrate_n will_v compel_v the_o christian_n to_o join_v in_o the_o public_a expiatory_a sacrifice_n so_o as_o many_o choose_v rather_o to_o leave_v the_o city_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o holy_a pope_n silvester_n constantine_n inform_v hereof_o publish_v a_o edict_n that_o if_o any_o shall_v go_v about_o to_o compel_v any_o christian_n to_o celebrate_v heathenish_a lustration_n he_o shall_v if_o a_o mean_a person_n be_v public_o beat_v with_o club_n if_o otherwise_o he_o shall_v be_v grievous_o fine_v in_o the_o year_n 324._o after_o our_o saviour_n incarnation_n according_a to_o the_o tradition_n of_o the_o western_a church_n confirm_v by_o many_o proof_n constantine_n receive_v baptism_n at_o rome_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o pope_n silvester_n upon_o this_o occasion_n constantine_n have_v rash_o put_v to_o death_n licinius_n his_o sister_n son_n false_o accuse_v of_o a_o design_n to_o rebel_n and_o crispus_n his_o own_o son_n adorn_v with_o many_o virtue_n and_o famous_a for_o many_o victory_n yet_o accuse_v by_o fausta_n his_o mother-in-law_n to_o have_v attemptod_a her_o chastity_n which_o accusation_n appear_v after_o to_o be_v false_a and_o
over-against_o jerusalem_n to_o the_o east_n and_o st._n jerom_n testify_v that_o the_o same_o footstep_n of_o our_o lord_n imprint_v on_o the_o ground_n be_v show_v in_o his_o time_n so_o as_o though_o the_o earth_n be_v continual_o take_v away_o by_o the_o devotion_n of_o christian_n yet_o these_o holy_a footstep_n do_v receive_v and_o retain_v their_o former_a state_n sulpitius_n severus_n relate_v a_o strange_a story_n namely_o that_o the_o place_n where_o our_o lord_n foot_n at_o his_o ascension_n stand_v can_v not_o be_v continue_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o pavement_n about_o it_o for_o whensoever_o marble_n be_v lay_v on_o it_o the_o earth_n refuse_v to_o receive_v it_o cast_v the_o stone_n oft_o time_n upward_o in_o the_o face_n of_o those_o which_o apply_v they_o and_o the_o footstep_n of_o our_o lord_n there_o see_v be_v a_o last_a monument_n that_o the_o dust_n there_o have_v be_v tread_v on_o by_o our_o saviour_n to_o this_o beda_n add_v that_o whereas_o the_o temple_n 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glorisie_n our_o lord_n and_o which_o for_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o malefactor_n and_o that_o this_o discovery_n may_v be_v make_v by_o the_o restore_n of_o the_o woman_n half_o dead_a upon_o the_o touch_v of_o the_o true_a cross_n the_o first_o and_o second_o be_v apply_v without_o any_o avail_n or_o effect_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o three_o be_v apply_v unto_o she_o she_o open_v her_o eye_n and_o rise_v up_o in_o perfect_a health_n and_o go_v about_o her_o house_n with_o great_a alacrity_n praise_v and_o glorify_v the_o power_n of_o god._n and_o thus_o be_v the_o empress_n satisfy_v in_o her_o long_a desire_n by_o the_o attestation_n of_o many_o ecclesiastical_a writer_n so_o as_o in_o memory_n of_o this_o save_a sign_n she_o dedicate_v a_o peculiar_a church_n and_o for_o the_o cross_n itself_o thus_o find_v she_o send_v part_n of_o it_o to_o the_o emperor_n to_o be_v honourable_o bestow_v in_o his_o palace_n the_o remainder_n she_o enclose_v in_o a_o box_n of_o silver_n and_o give_v it_o to_o the_o bishop_n of_o jerusalem_n to_o be_v reserve_v as_o a_o monument_n of_o our_o salvation_n and_o for_o many_o year_n after_o upon_o the_o day_n of_o our_o lord_n resurrection_n it_o be_v produce_v with_o veneration_n by_o the_o bishop_n and_o expose_v also_o to_o the_o people_n to_o be_v by_o they_o likewise_o venerate_v that_o part_n which_o be_v send_v to_o constantine_n he_o enclose_v in_o a_o statue_n of_o his_o own_o which_o be_v place_v on_o a_o mighty_a pillar_n of_o porphyry_n in_o the_o marketplace_n of_o constantinople_n and_o be_v by_o he_o esteem_v as_o a_o mighty_a bulwark_n of_o his_o empire_n the_o nail_n which_o pierce_v our_o saviour_n sacred_a flesh_n be_v artificial_o enclose_v in_o the_o emperor_n helmet_n as_o a_o guard_n for_o his_o head._n one_o of_o they_o indeed_o in_o a_o great_a tempest_n the_o empress_n throw_v into_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n as_o be_v presume_v save_v herself_o and_o company_n from_o shipwreck_n our_o helena_n be_v a_o british_a princess_n draw_v near_o the_o end_n of_o her_o life_n increase_v in_o her_o zeal_n and_o piety_n her_o humility_n and_o devout_a respect_n to_o holy_a virgin_n consecrate_a to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n appear_v by_o this_o example_n that_o she_o invite_v some_o of_o they_o to_o dinner_n and_o think_v it_o not_o enough_o that_o her_o maid_n shall_v attend_v upon_o they_o but_o gird_v herself_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o wait_a maid_n set_v meat_n upon_o the_o table_n give_v they_o drink_v and_o pour_v water_n on_o their_o hand_n thus_o though_o a_o empress_n she_o esteem_v herself_o no_o better_o than_o a_o a_o servant_n and_o handmaid_n of_o christ_n and_o his_o virgin_n in_o all_o her_o progress_n through_o the_o eastern_a province_n she_o large_o express_v her_o wonderful_a munificence_n give_v innumerable_a gift_n not_o only_o to_o particular_a person_n but_o to_o whole_a city_n she_o large_o relieve_v the_o poor_a such_o as_o be_v condemn_v to_o work_v in_o mine_n or_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n she_o set_v at_o liberty_n the_o oppress_v she_o deliver_v from_o fraud_n and_o injury_n and_o the_o banish_a she_o restore_v to_o their_o own_o country_n in_o her_o return_n out_o of_o palestine_n into_o greece_n she_o pass_v by_o drepanum_n in_o bythinia_n where_o repose_v the_o body_n of_o the_o glorious_a martyr_n lucianus_n as_o soon_o as_o she_o see_v his_o relic_n neglect_v without_o any_o mark_n of_o honour_n or_o reverence_n she_o cause_v a_o sumptuous_a church_n to_o be_v build_v over_o they_o and_o enlarge_v the_o place_n into_o a_o city_n with_o wall_n and_o bulwark_n call_v by_o her_o son_n after_o her_o name_n helenopolis_n moreover_o this_o holy_a empress_n in_o her_o progress_n through_o the_o east_n have_v be_v inform_v where_o the_o body_n of_o the_o three_o wise_a man_n who_o come_v to_o bethlehem_n to_o adore_v our_o newborn_a saviour_n repose_v bring_v they_o with_o she_o to_o her_o son_n constantine_n who_o reverent_o lay_v they_o in_o the_o chief_a church_n of_o his_o new_a city_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v translate_v to_o milan_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o colen_n where_o they_o now_o be_v celebrate_v with_o great_a veneration_n in_o such_o pious_a work_n do_v this_o holy_a empress_n conclude_v her_o worldly_a pilgrimage_n it_o be_v most_o probable_a she_o decease_a at_o rome_n age_v above_o 80_o year_n and_o be_v there_o honourable_o inter_v her_o occasion_n of_o return_v thither_o be_v after_o the_o laudable_a custom_n of_o christian_n in_o those_o day_n to_o visit_v the_o sepulcher_n of_o the_o two_o chief_a apostle_n she_o bring_v with_o she_o to_o rome_n a_o part_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n which_o with_o great_a veneration_n she_o place_v in_o a_o church_n there_o build_v at_o her_o request_n by_o her_o son_n call_v by_o the_o title_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n it_o be_v report_v she_o spend_v she_o last_o day_n in_o great_a devotion_n and_o approach_v to_o her_o death_n after_o her_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o church_n she_o be_v comfort_v with_o a_o vision_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n encompass_v with_o a_o multitude_n of_o angel_n and_o hold_v his_o cross_n shine_v with_o inexpressible_a brightness_n eusebius_n testisy_n that_o her_o son_n constantine_n with_o all_o humble_a respect_n attend_v she_o in_o her_o sickness_n and_o be_v present_a at_o her_o death_n have_v receive_v many_o devout_a exhortation_n and_o the_o benediction_n of_o a_o parent_n from_o she_o such_o be_v the_o emperor_n piety_n and_o respect_n to_o his_o mother_n that_o she_o be_v say_v to_o have_v reign_v as_o empress_n with_o he_o to_o be_v style_v augusta_n to_o be_v transfer_v into_o the_o flavian_n family_n so_o that_o many_o golden_a coin_n be_v make_v and_o stamp_v with_o her_o image_n after_o her_o death_n her_o
insomuch_o as_o that_o constantius_n advise_v with_o many_o eastern_a bishop_n about_o it_o who_o resolve_v he_o it_o be_v better_a to_o allow_v of_o athanasius_n then_o hazard_v a_o civil_a war._n the_o year_n follow_v athanasius_n return_v into_o the_o east_n and_o be_v at_o first_o receive_v by_o constantius_n with_o some_o kindness_n and_o permit_v to_o return_v to_o his_o see_n at_o alexandria_n but_o the_o year_n follow_v the_o arrian_n bishop_n become_v boundless_a in_o their_o power_n and_o malice_n by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o orthodox_n emperor_n constans_n who_o by_o the_o conspiracy_n of_o magnentius_n chrestius_fw-la and_o marcellinus_n be_v traytorous_o slay_v at_o helena_n a_o town_n in_o france_n it_o be_v say_v he_o have_v a_o prediction_n that_o he_o shall_v die_v in_o his_o grandmothers_n lap._n his_o death_n be_v great_o bewail_v by_o st._n athanasius_n who_o foresee_v the_o danger_n be_v like_a to_o ensue_v unto_o the_o catholic_n faith_n by_o the_o loss_n of_o constans_n and_o the_o evil_a of_o the_o sole_a remain_a emperor_n who_o be_v yet_o at_o present_a very_o much_o encumber_v by_o two_o tyrant_n the_o one_o be_v vetranio_n who_o have_v once_o govern_v in_o britain_n and_o be_v after_o proclaim_a emperor_n in_o illyricum_n but_o be_v soon_o depose_v by_o constantius_n who_o yet_o not_o only_o spare_v his_o life_n but_o suffer_v he_o to_o spend_v the_o remainder_n of_o his_o life_n in_o retirement_n full_a of_o pleasure_n and_o abundance_n the_o other_o tyrant_n be_v magnentius_n who_o take_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n at_o augustodunum_n in_o france_n and_o hold_v it_o three_o year_n and_o then_o after_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o battle_n be_v force_v to_o kill_v himself_o after_o this_o victory_n constantius_n will_v be_v call_v the_o emperor_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o assume_v the_o impious_a title_n of_o his_o eternity_n and_o then_o extend_v all_o his_o pride_n and_o power_n to_o oppress_v the_o catholic_n faith_n and_o establish_v the_o arrian_n heresy_n even_o in_o the_o western_a church_n also_o command_v a_o council_n to_o be_v assemble_v at_o arles_n in_o france_n where_o he_o extort_a the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o bishop_n in_o favour_n of_o his_o heresy_n and_o condemnation_n of_o st._n athanasius_n draw_v in_o the_o legate_n of_o pope_n liberius_n who_o have_v new_o succeed_v julius_n howbeit_o liberius_n more_o than_o once_o solicit_v the_o emperor_n by_o legate_n and_o epistle_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o st._n athanasius_n complain_v that_o the_o suffrage_n of_o bishop_n be_v mercenary_o sell_v according_a to_o the_o prince_n inclination_n whereupon_o constantius_n perceive_v the_o endeavour_n of_o liberius_n render_v the_o sentence_n of_o his_o pack_v synod_n invalid_a seek_v to_o win_v he_o by_o promise_n and_o favour_n to_o his_o party_n that_o prove_v ineffectual_a he_o send_v for_o he_o when_o liberius_n be_v come_v to_o he_o he_o stout_o protest_v he_o will_v suffer_v any_o thing_n rather_o than_o be_v a_o christian_n to_o become_v a_o arrian_n at_o which_o the_o emperor_n be_v offend_v send_v he_o into_o banishment_n to_o beraea_n a_o city_n of_o thrace_n whereto_o he_o cheerful_o submit_v reject_v 500_o crown_n which_o the_o emperor_n send_v for_o his_o maintenance_n in_o his_o place_n be_v substitute_v a_o certain_a roman_a priest_n call_v felix_n one_o who_o though_o in_o judgement_n a_o catholic_n yet_o comply_v with_o the_o arrian_n liberius_n want_v constancy_n and_o weary_a of_o his_o banishment_n after_o two_o year_n return_v from_o it_o with_o as_o much_o infamy_n as_o he_o have_v submit_v to_o it_o with_o glory_n yield_v at_o last_o to_o the_o condemnation_n of_o st._n athanasius_n and_o subscribe_v to_o a_o confession_n of_o faith_n frame_v in_o a_o synod_n at_o sirmium_n wherein_o though_o there_o be_v nothing_o haeretical_a yet_o the_o word_n consubstantiality_n be_v leave_v out_o his_o subscription_n to_o it_o be_v scandalous_a and_o argue_v a_o unlawful_a compliance_n with_o the_o arrian_n after_o all_o this_o return_v again_o to_o rome_n he_o break_v off_o all_o communion_n with_o the_o arrian_n and_o join_v himself_o in_o communion_n with_o athanasius_n to_o who_o he_o thus_o write_v our_o confession_n belove_v athanasius_n be_v that_o the_o word_n be_v the_o son_n of_o god_n be_v according_a to_o his_o nature_n beget_v of_o god_n his_o father_n not_o create_v he_o be_v god_n his_o father_n colleague_n in_o his_o empire_n and_o obtain_v a_o endless_a kingdom_n for_o infinite_a age_n amen_n whilst_o constantius_n in_o the_o west_n thus_o afflict_v the_o catholic_n church_n and_o faith_n gratian_n father_n of_o valentinian_n afterward_o emperor_n be_v propraetor_n of_o britain_n he_o be_v raise_v from_o a_o vile_a original_a to_o this_o high_a degree_n for_o his_o courage_n and_o virtue_n in_o his_o young_a age_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v a_o seller_n of_o rope_n such_o be_v his_o strength_n that_o five_o soldier_n be_v not_o able_a to_o wrest_v a_o rope_n out_o of_o his_o hand_n for_o his_o favour_a magnentius_n he_o be_v deprive_v both_o of_o office_n and_o estate_n martinus_n succeed_v he_o in_o his_o propraetorship_n of_o britain_n who_o govern_v this_o island_n with_o great_a justice_n and_o kindness_n to_o the_o britain_n his_o government_n be_v shorten_v upon_o this_o unhappy_a occasion_n constantius_n be_v a_o prince_n very_o suspicious_a employ_v officer_n to_o search_v out_o such_o as_o be_v practise_v against_o he_o one_o paul_n a_o notary_n be_v very_o much_o esteem_v of_o he_o for_o his_o malicious_a sagacity_n in_o such_o matter_n and_o therefore_o send_v by_o he_o into_o britain_n to_o bring_v over_o in_o chain_n such_o soldier_n as_o have_v intermedle_v in_o the_o conspiracy_n of_o magnentius_n paul_n execute_v this_o authority_n with_o such_o cruelty_n and_o injustice_n that_o the_o propraetor_n to_o prevent_v the_o misery_n of_o so_o many_o innocent_n first_o intercede_v by_o way_n of_o entreaty_n and_o be_v therein_o unsuccessful_a protest_v he_o will_v leave_v the_o province_n rather_o than_o behold_v such_o oppression_n this_o paul_n for_o his_o subtlety_n call_v catena_n be_v thus_o thwart_v in_o his_o cruelty_n crafty_o involve_v the_o propraetor_a himself_o in_o a_o suspicion_n of_o the_o same_o gild_n and_o treason_n so_o as_o he_o presume_v to_o seize_v upon_o he_o and_o put_v he_o in_o fetter_n with_o the_o rest_n martinus_n betake_v himself_o to_o his_o sword_n in_o defence_n of_o himself_o and_o therewith_o wound_v paul_n but_o not_o mortal_o and_o thereupon_o turn_v his_o sword_n upon_o his_o own_o breast_n and_o so_o die_v lament_v of_o all_o man_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 359._o the_o church_n of_o god_n be_v expose_v to_o great_a danger_n and_o infamy_n by_o the_o council_n of_o ariminum_n then_o assemble_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o arrian_n emperor_n constantius_n with_o design_n to_o abolish_v the_o faith_n of_o the_o consubstantiality_n of_o the_o son_n of_o god._n he_o command_v his_o praefect_n taurus_n that_o when_o the_o bishop_n be_v meet_v together_o he_o shall_v not_o permit_v they_o to_o depart_v till_o they_o have_v all_o consent_v in_o one_o faith_n it_o be_v say_v that_o out_o of_o illyricum_n italy_n africa_n spain_n and_o gaul_n and_o out_o of_o britain_n also_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o gaul_n he_o gather_v together_o more_o than_o 400_o bishop_n the_o emperor_n command_v allowance_n of_o necessary_n to_o these_o bishop_n but_o those_o of_o gaul_n and_o britain_n refuse_v it_o as_o a_o unseemly_a thing_n and_o choose_v rather_o at_o their_o own_o cost_v to_o maintain_v themselves_o three_o only_a out_o of_o britain_n except_v who_o be_v destitute_a of_o subsistence_n out_o of_o their_o own_o see_v make_v some_o use_n of_o the_o emperor_n liberality_n and_o perhaps_o be_v not_o to_o be_v dispraise_v for_o it_o these_o bishop_n be_v assemble_v be_v prescribe_v what_o they_o shall_v do_v by_o the_o emperor_n letter_n and_o severe_o enjoin_v to_o determine_v nothing_o which_o may_v touch_v the_o eastern_a bishop_n and_o when_o they_o have_v finish_v their_o decree_n they_o be_v to_o send_v they_o to_o court_n by_o two_o bishop_n in_o these_o letter_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o he_o subscribe_v himself_o constantine_n not_o constantius_n notwithstanding_o all_o which_o the_o holy_a bishop_n courageous_o perform_v their_o duty_n for_o they_o confirm_v the_o nicene_n creed_n sorbid_v any_o addition_n or_o diminution_n thereof_o and_o protest_v they_o will_v never_o depart_v from_o the_o faith_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v from_o god_n the_o father_n by_o the_o prophet_n and_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n which_o the_o holy_a spirit_n teach_v in_o the_o gospel_n according_a as_o be_v deliver_v by_o tradition_n of_o the_o father_n succeed_v the_o apostle_n to_o the_o time_n when_o this_o controversy_n be_v debate_v at_o nicaea_n against_o a_o heresy_n which_o then_o arise_v all_o
mean_n be_v move_v and_o therefore_o give_v thanks_o to_o god_n bury_v the_o sacred_a body_n with_o great_a solemnity_n in_o that_o place_n and_o thither_o many_o devout_a people_n repair_v and_o implore_v the_o martyr_n help_n and_o intercession_n in_o their_o affliction_n and_o infirmity_n have_v frequent_o with_o joy_n obtain_v their_o desire_a remedy_n the_o head_n of_o the_o martyr_n be_v carry_v as_o aforesaid_a to_o rinaldus_n who_o handle_v the_o same_o but_o die_v miserable_o three_o day_n after_o he_o be_v thus_o dead_a the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n carry_v the_o head_n and_o bury_v it_o with_o the_o body_n the_o coffer_n wherein_o these_o sacred_a relic_n lay_v some_o time_n after_o be_v carry_v through_o several_a place_n to_o ambrosbury_n and_o their_o lay_v upon_o a_o altar_n where_o the_o saint_n and_o his_o relic_n be_v in_o a_o special_a manner_n venerate_v as_o bishop_n usher_n affirm_v this_o ambrosbury_n be_v situate_a in_o wiltshire_n not_o far_o from_o winchester_n britain_n not_o forsake_v its_o obedience_n to_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v now_o govern_v by_o victorinus_n a_o man_n grateful_a to_o the_o britain_n but_o formidable_a to_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n but_o he_o be_v too_o soon_o recall_v and_o the_o roman_a legion_n with_o he_o the_o poor_a britain_n become_v immediate_o expose_v to_o the_o cruelty_n of_o their_o barbarous_a enemy_n bonifacius_n succeed_v zosimus_n in_o the_o apostolic_a chair_n who_o be_v say_v by_o prosper_n to_o make_v use_v not_o only_o of_o apostolic_a but_o of_o imperial_a edict_n also_o for_o the_o suppress_n the_o pelagian_o the_o affronter_v of_o divine_a grace_n in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o boniface_n this_o island_n be_v poison_v with_o their_o presumptuous_a doctrine_n especial_o by_o agricola_n the_o son_n of_o a_o bishop_n yet_o be_v there_o then_o several_a bishop_n full_a of_o piety_n and_o learning_n who_o oppose_v this_o heresy_n the_o most_o famous_a whereof_o be_v fastidius_n priscus_n archbishop_n of_o london_n a_o man_n skilful_a in_o holy_a scripture_n and_o a_o zealous_a preacher_n of_o divine_a truth_n illustrious_a in_o holy_a conversation_n and_o famous_a for_o his_o sharpness_n of_o judgement_n and_o elocution_n it_o be_v not_o certain_a when_o he_o die_v or_o when_o it_o be_v that_o voadinus_n succeed_v he_o in_o that_o bishopric_n as_o britain_n be_v now_o infect_v with_o the_o suggestion_n of_o heretic_n so_o be_v it_o infest_a with_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o scot_n pict_n and_o norwegian_n in_o which_o necessity_n say_v gildas_n the_o poor_a britain_n send_v humble_a petition_n to_o rome_n for_o assistance_n vow_v their_o eternal_a subjection_n to_o the_o roman_a empire_n so_o as_o their_o cruel_a enemy_n may_v be_v repel_v in_o compliance_n with_o which_o request_n a_o legion_n well_o supply_v be_v send_v which_o soon_o drive_v the_o barbarous_a nation_n out_o of_o the_o border_n and_o free_v the_o britain_n from_o vexation_n and_o slavery_n who_o the_o roman_a general_n be_v under_o who_o this_o victory_n be_v gain_v be_v not_o mention_v probable_o it_o be_v chrysanthus_n the_o son_n of_o marcianus_n afterward_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n as_o socrates_n seem_v to_o intimate_v whoever_o be_v general_n both_o he_o and_o the_o legion_n be_v soon_o recall_v but_o before_o their_o departure_n say_v gildas_n they_o give_v order_n to_o the_o britain_n to_o raise_v a_o wall_n between_o the_o two_o sea_n glotta_n and_o bodotria_n to_o restrain_v the_o enemy_n and_o defend_v themselves_o it_o begin_v towards_o the_o west_n about_o two_o mile_n from_o a_o monastery_n call_v aebercurnig_a in_o a_o place_n name_v in_o british_a penvahel_n or_o penvelton_n and_o go_v eastward_o it_o end_v near_o the_o city_n of_o aciluth_n from_o this_o word_n penvahel_n cambden_n infer_v that_o the_o pict_n be_v a_o british_a nation_n for_o in_o welsh_a at_o this_o day_n pengual_n signify_v the_o head_n of_o a_o rampire_n but_o so_o useless_a be_v this_o ill_a build_v wall_n most_o part_n of_o turf_n that_o before_o it_o be_v finish_v the_o scot_n and_o pict_n break_v in_o again_o as_o gildas_n observe_v like_o ravenous_a woolve_n enrage_v with_o hunger_n on_o all_o side_n encompass_v the_o sheep-fold_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o shepherd_n so_o they_o with_o oar_n and_o full-blown_a sail_n invade_v the_o island_n break_v into_o the_o border_n and_o lay_v all_o waste_n in_o their_o way_n mow_v down_o and_o tread_v underfoot_o the_o wretched_a britain_n like_a ripe_a corn._n they_o therefore_o again_o send_v messenger_n in_o a_o deplorable_a manner_n with_o rend_a garment_n and_o ash_n on_o their_o head_n to_o implore_v aid_n from_o the_o roman_n endeavour_v like_o fearful_a chicken_n to_o shroud_v themselves_o under_o their_o mother_n wing_n they_o earnest_o beg_v the_o rescue_n of_o their_o miserable_a country_n and_o the_o free_v the_o roman_a name_n from_o the_o contempt_n of_o foreign_a nation_n this_o woeful_a petition_n be_v address_v to_o the_o famous_a roman_a general_n aetius_n praefect_n of_o gaul_n under_o who_o britain_n be_v also_o subject_a he_o move_v with_o pity_n send_v force_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o gallio_n a_o citizen_n in_o ravenna_n who_o once_o more_o conquer_a the_o enemy_n but_o have_v do_v this_o declare_v the_o emperor_n pleasure_n to_o the_o britain_n that_o for_o the_o future_a they_o must_v rely_v upon_o their_o own_o strength_n and_o expect_v no_o more_o assistance_n from_o rome_n which_o at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n and_o amid_o so_o many_o distraction_n can_v not_o attend_v to_o so_o remote_a a_o province_n he_o advise_v they_o to_o exercise_v themselves_o in_o military_a affair_n to_o build_v fortification_n in_o convenient_a place_n especial_o towards_o the_o sea_n and_o to_o strengthen_v their_o city_n with_o wall_n this_o be_v the_o last_o farewell_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o the_o discourage_v britain_n however_o before_o they_o go_v they_o join_v with_o the_o britain_n in_o repair_v the_o wall_n which_o they_o make_v strong_a than_o former_o both_o by_o public_a and_o private_a expense_n the_o church_n history_n under_o the_o british_a king_n the_o roman_n have_v thus_o forsake_v this_o island_n two_o kingdom_n seem_v to_o have_v gain_v a_o firm_a establishment_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n thereof_o those_o i_o mean_v of_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n for_o though_o other_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v mention_v in_o other_o part_n yet_o be_v they_o subject_a to_o the_o roman_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n under_o their_o allegiance_n the_o pict_n be_v indeed_o no_o other_o than_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o unconquered_a britain_n be_v so_o disturb_v by_o the_o roman_n that_o they_o can_v not_o before_o this_o time_n come_v to_o any_o settlement_n as_o for_o the_o scot_n they_o be_v at_o the_o best_a but_o auxiliary_n to_o the_o pict_n mingle_v with_o they_o in_o all_o their_o invasion_n and_o often_o by_o the_o roman_n drive_v back_o into_o ireland_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v now_o be_v rid_v of_o the_o roman_n these_o scot_n fix_v their_o habitation_n and_o erect_v a_o kingdom_n in_o the_o northern_a coast_n of_o britain_n under_o fergusius_n their_o king_n of_o these_o two_o nation_n and_o kingdom_n the_o principal_a in_o this_o age_n be_v that_o of_o the_o pict_n who_o possess_v the_o province_n about_o edinburgh_n confine_v to_o the_o wall_n ancient_o call_v the_o pict_n wall_n the_o scot_n inhabit_v the_o province_n next_o to_o ireland_n but_o after_o turn_v their_o arm_n against_o the_o pict_n they_o utter_o destroy_v their_o kingdom_n and_o name_n and_o give_v to_o the_o whole_a country_n the_o appellation_n of_o scotland_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 423._o the_o emperor_n honorius_n die_v in_o who_o place_n succeed_v valentinian_n the_o iii_o and_o in_o the_o eastern_a empire_n reign_v the_o young_a theodosius_n the_o same_o year_n die_v pope_n bonifacius_n and_o after_o he_o be_v choose_v pope_n caelestinus_n to_o who_o our_o island_n of_o britain_n and_o ireland_n have_v a_o eternal_a obligation_n for_o by_o he_o they_o be_v preserve_v from_o error_n and_o effectual_o convert_v to_o or_o confirm_v in_o the_o christian_a faith_n by_o he_o st._n palladius_n be_v send_v to_o the_o scot_n who_o he_o free_v from_o their_o barbarous_a idolatry_n by_o he_o st._n patrick_n be_v direct_v a_o apostolic_a teacher_n into_o ireland_n where_o he_o wrought_v the_o like_a effect_n and_o by_o he_o st._n germanus_n and_o st._n lupus_n two_o holy_a and_o learned_a bishop_n of_o gaul_n be_v employ_v to_o cure_n britain_n of_o the_o pestilent_a infection_n of_o pelagianism_n there_o spread_v by_o agricola_n now_o since_o patricius_n the_o great_a apostle_n of_o ireland_n do_v both_o begin_v and_o end_v his_o day_n in_o britain_n it_o will_v be_v little_a or_o no_o excursion_n here_o to_o insert_v some_o of_o his_o principal_a gest_n he_o converse_v here_o in_o britain_n by_o his_o holy_a example_n
invite_v his_o countryman_n to_o the_o imitation_n of_o his_o virtue_n and_o piety_n st._n germanus_n and_o lupus_n encourage_v he_o to_o go_v into_o ireland_n and_o that_o especial_o upon_o this_o occasion_n on_o a_o day_n st._n patrick_n in_o his_o sleep_n see_v a_o man_n come_v to_o he_o out_o of_o ireland_n with_o many_o letter_n in_o his_o hand_n one_o of_o which_o he_o give_v to_o the_o saint_n who_o read_v it_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o be_v write_v this_o be_v the_o voice_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o ireland_n as_o soon_o as_o st._n patrick_n have_v read_v these_o word_n he_o hear_v the_o voice_n of_o many_o infant_n cry_v to_o he_o as_o out_o of_o their_o mother_n womb_n in_o several_a province_n of_o ireland_n holy_a father_n come_v and_o converse_v among_o we_o st._n patrick_n have_v hear_v this_o feel_v great_a compunction_n in_o his_o heart_n but_o can_v read_v no_o more_o of_o the_o letter_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o awake_v he_o give_v thanks_o to_o god_n be_v assure_v by_o this_o vision_n that_o our_o lord_n have_v call_v he_o to_o be_v a_o instrument_n of_o the_o salvation_n of_o those_o who_o thus_o cry_v unto_o he_o it_o be_v write_v that_o st._n patrick_n hereupon_o ask_v council_n of_o our_o lord_n touch_v this_o affair_n and_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o angel_n victor_n receive_v this_o divine_a oracle_n that_o forsake_v his_o country_n and_o parent_n he_o shall_v pass_v over_o into_o gaul_n there_o to_o be_v more_o perfect_o instruct_v in_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n and_o discipline_n palladius_n send_v into_o britain_n by_o pope_n celestine_n be_v as_o yet_o but_o a_o deacon_n sound_v the_o civil_a part_n former_o under_o the_o roman_a jurisdiction_n defile_v with_o heresy_n and_o the_o northern_a part_n under_o the_o scot_n whole_o bury_v in_o the_o mist_n of_o paganism_n of_o this_o he_o send_v notice_n to_o the_o pope_n who_o recalled_a he_o to_o advise_v of_o remedy_n for_o both_o these_o mischief_n to_o oppose_v the_o pelagian_a 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and_o this_o so_o slender_a and_o ungrateful_a diet_n he_o never_o use_v till_o towards_o sunset_n sometime_o and_o as_o be_v say_v he_o will_v fast_o half_o a_o week_n yea_o seven_o whole_a day_n without_o any_o satisfaction_n give_v to_o his_o crave_v stomach_n his_o bed_n be_v hard_a board_n cover_v over_o with_o ash_n and_o to_o prevent_v any_o profound_a sleep_n he_o will_v admit_v no_o pillow_n under_o his_o head_n he_o spend_v indeed_o whole_a night_n in_o continual_a sigh_v and_o incessant_o water_v his_o hard_a couch_n with_o his_o tear_n he_o be_v a_o zealous_a observer_n of_o hospitality_n and_o when_o ever_o any_o poor_a or_o stranger_n come_v to_o he_o he_o will_v prepare_v for_o they_o a_o plentiful_a feast_n while_o himself_o fast_v yea_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n he_o will_v wash_v their_o foot_n kiss_v and_o sometime_o bedew_v they_o with_o shower_n of_o tear_n he_o build_v a_o monastery_n into_o which_o he_o oft_o retire_v feed_v and_o refresh_v his_o mind_n there_o with_o the_o wonderful_a sweetness_n of_o celestial_a contemplation_n st._n lupus_n be_v bear_v at_o toul_n a_o city_n of_o the_o leuci_n of_o a_o noble_a family_n after_o his_o father_n death_n he_o be_v send_v to_o school_n and_o there_o embue_v in_o the_o study_n of_o rhetoric_n he_o marry_v the_o sister_n of_o st._n hilarius_n bishop_n of_o arles_n she_o be_v inflame_v with_o the_o love_n of_o chastity_n from_o her_o youth_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o after_o seven_o year_n spend_v in_o marriage_n by_o divine_a inspiration_n both_o of_o they_o exhort_v one_o another_o to_o a_o state_n of_o conversion_n lupus_n by_o a_o strong_a impulse_n from_o heaven_n be_v move_v to_o visit_v the_o bless_a st._n honoratus_n first_o abbot_n of_o the_o famous_a monastery_n of_o lerin_n to_o who_o discipline_n he_o humble_o submit_v himself_o in_o continual_a watch_n fast_n and_o mortification_n and_o intend_v to_o sell_v his_o possession_n and_o distribute_v the_o money_n to_o the_o poor_a he_o be_v on_o a_o sudden_a compel_v to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o bishopric_n of_o troy_n where_o he_o behave_v himself_o so_o well_o that_o he_o be_v style_v the_o father_n of_o father_n bishop_n of_o bishop_n and_o a_o second_o jacob_n of_o his_o age._n these_o two_o holy_a man_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o our_o lord_n take_v upon_o they_o to_o be_v the_o apostolic_a reformer_n of_o the_o british_a church_n their_o humility_n and_o austerity_n of_o life_n have_v a_o proper_a and_o specific_a virtue_n to_o oppose_v the_o pride_n and_o sensuality_n of_o the_o pelagian_a heretic_n what_o befall_v they_o at_o sea_n will_v not_o be_v omit_v at_o first_o their_o ship_n be_v carry_v with_o favourable_a wind_n from_o the_o gallic_a coast_n till_o they_o come_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n where_o no_o land_n can_v be_v discover_v but_o present_o after_o the_o
the_o place_n where_o the_o sick_a saint_n lie_v be_v preserve_v for_o the_o flame_n as_o if_o afraid_a to_o touch_v he_o fly_v quite_o over_o his_o lodging_n though_o on_o each_o side_n of_o it_o they_o rage_v with_o violence_n but_o leave_v it_o untouched_a the_o multitude_n see_v this_o rejoice_v and_o be_v well_o please_v that_o their_o labour_n and_o endeavour_n have_v be_v overmastered_a by_o divine_a power_n whilst_o this_o holy_a man_n lie_v there_o he_o be_v watch_v and_o attend_v by_o a_o numberless_a multitude_n some_o seek_v health_n for_o their_o soul_n some_o for_o there_o body_n the_o wonderful_a miracle_n which_o our_o lord_n wrought_v by_o his_o servant_n be_v so_o many_o they_o can_v scarce_o be_v recounted_n he_o be_v infirm_a himself_o give_v health_n and_o strength_n to_o other_o neither_o will_v he_o suffer_v any_o remedy_n to_o be_v apply_v to_o his_o infirmity_n but_o on_o a_o certain_a night_n he_o see_v a_o person_n stand_v before_o he_o in_o white_a garment_n who_o stretch_v forth_o his_o hand_n seem_v to_o raise_v he_o up_o from_o his_o couch_n command_v he_o to_o stand_v firm_o after_o which_o his_o pain_n pass_v away_o and_o his_o strength_n be_v so_o restore_v that_o the_o day_n follow_v he_o confident_o undertake_v to_o pursue_v his_o journey_n at_o this_o time_n the_o pict_n and_o saxon_n with_o joint_a force_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o britain_n who_o be_v therefore_o draw_v together_o in_o a_o body_n but_o be_v distrustful_a of_o their_o ability_n to_o resist_v such_o powerful_a enemy_n they_o humble_o implore_v the_o assistance_n of_o these_o godly_a bishop_n which_o they_o cheerful_o promise_v and_o hasten_v into_o the_o british_a army_n so_o increase_v the_o courage_n and_o resolution_n of_o the_o britain_n as_o if_o a_o new_a army_n have_v be_v join_v unto_o they_o so_o as_o our_o lord_n himself_o by_o the_o ministry_n of_o these_o his_o captain_n seem_v to_o be_v general_n of_o the_o army_n it_o be_v now_o the_o holy_a time_n 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solemn_a feast_n of_o our_o lord_n resurrection_n be_v past_a the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n be_v new_o baptise_a betake_v themselves_o to_o they_o arm_n and_o prepare_v for_o battle_n st._n german_n be_v their_o general_n he_o make_v choice_n of_o a_o band_n of_o light_n arm_v man_n and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o country_n round_o about_o observe_v also_o a_o valley_n compass_v with_o mountain_n direct_o in_o the_o enemy_n way_n he_o lead_v part_n of_o the_o army_n into_o that_o valley_n the_o fierce_a enemy_n approach_v and_o be_v discover_v by_o those_o who_o lie_v in_o ambush_n st._n german_a their_o leader_n give_v order_n to_o all_o his_o soldier_n that_o with_o loud_a clamour_n they_o shall_v repeat_v the_o word_n by_o he_o pronounce_v and_o immediate_o while_o the_o enemy_n think_v to_o fall_v on_o presume_v they_o have_v not_o be_v discover_v the_o holy_a bishop_n three_o time_n cry_v out_o aloud_o allelujah_o whereupon_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n with_o one_o voice_n thunder_v out_o likewise_o allelujah_o the_o noise_n whereof_o be_v terrible_a multiply_v and_o increase_v by_o the_o echo_n from_o the_o mountain_n round_o about_o the_o sound_n alone_o of_o this_o sacred_a word_n suffice_v to_o terrify_v the_o enemy_n army_n which_o fall_v a_o tremble_a as_o if_o not_o the_o rock_n only_o but_o heaven_n itself_o have_v fall_v on_o their_o head_n insomuch_o as_o they_o all_o betake_v themselves_o to_o a_o general_a flight_n in_o all_o haste_n cast_v away_o their_o weapon_n and_o glad_a to_o escape_v with_o their_o naked_a body_n great_a number_n of_o they_o in_o their_o headlong_a flight_n be_v swallow_v up_o by_o a_o river_n through_o which_o a_o little_a before_o they_o have_v march_v with_o confidence_n and_o leisure_n enough_o the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o british_a army_n without_o strike_v one_o stroke_n be_v a_o cheerful_a spectator_n of_o the_o vengeance_n of_o almighty_a god_n to_o who_o only_o they_o give_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o victory_n the_o holy_a bishop_n indeed_o triumph_v to_o see_v the_o enemy_n defeat_v without_o bloodshed_n they_o triumph_v for_o a_o victory_n obtain_v not_o by_o arm_n but_o faith_n only_o and_o have_v thus_o every_o way_n settle_v this_o rich_a island_n in_o security_n both_o from_o the_o pelagian_o and_o saxon_n they_o prepare_v themselves_o for_o their_o return_n to_o the_o great_a grief_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n the_o place_n of_o this_o unbloody_a battle_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o town_n call_v mold_n in_o flintshire_n where_o be_v a_o field_n call_v from_o st._n german_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n maesgarmon_n there_o be_v also_o the_o little_a river_n alen_n which_o run_v hard_a by_o wherein_o probable_o the_o pict_n and_o saxon_n be_v drown_v beside_o the_o place_n be_v near_o the_o sea_n it_o lay_v fit_a to_o set_v on_o board_n the_o saxon_a army_n st._n gregory_n the_o great_a in_o expound_v the_o word_n of_o job_n make_v mention_n of_o this_o allelujah_o resound_v thus_o by_o the_o britain_n the_o blessing_n confer_v on_o this_o island_n be_v in_o some_o degree_n recompense_v by_o their_o safe_a and_o prosperous_a return_n which_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v ascribe_v to_o the_o intercession_n of_o our_o tutelar_a saint_n and_o protomartyr_n alban_n their_o absence_n from_o home_n and_o residence_n here_o in_o britain_n be_v little_o more_o than_o the_o space_n of_o a_o year_n in_o which_o time_n many_o wonderful_a thing_n be_v wrought_v by_o they_o during_o the_o time_n that_o st._n germanus_n remain_v in_o britain_n st._n patrick_n then_o 68_o year_n of_o age_n inseparable_o adhere_v to_o he_o have_v learn_v from_o he_o many_o instruction_n in_o christian_a doctrine_n and_o discipline_n and_o receive_v many_o example_n of_o virtue_n and_o piety_n for_o imitation_n by_o he_o likewise_o he_o be_v encourage_v to_o undertake_v the_o conversion_n of_o the_o irish_a nation_n but_o with_o all_o admonish_v to_o expect_v a_o commission_n from_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n to_o execute_v that_o apostolic_a office._n for_o which_o purpose_n he_o accompany_v st._n germanus_n to_o gaul_n from_o whence_o the_o next_o year_n he_o go_v to_o rome_n be_v desirous_a to_o have_v his_o journey_n into_o ireland_n confirm_v by_o authority_n from_o pope_n caelestinus_n st._n patrick_n take_v with_o he_o a_o priest_n name_v sergetius_fw-la a_o devout_a servant_n of_o our_o lord_n as_o a_o companion_n in_o his_o travel_n when_o he_o come_v to_o rome_n he_o commit_v himself_o to_o the_o praebends_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n to_o be_v the_o more_o perfect_o instruct_v in_o their_o institutes_n he_o repair_v also_o to_o the_o holy_a pope_n caelestinus_n and_o humble_o cast_v himself_o at_o his_o foot_n beseech_v he_o to_o employ_v his_o care_n for_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o pagan_a irish_a nation_n the_o petition_n be_v very_o acceptable_a to_o the_o pope_n who_o change_v this_o holy_a man_n name_n from_o magonius_fw-la to_o patricius_n as_o prophesy_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v the_o father_n of_o many_o soul_n his_o name_n thus_o change_v he_o be_v promote_v to_o episcopal_a dignity_n and_o then_o direct_v to_o his_o voyage_n into_o ireland_n st._n patrick_n himself_o in_o one_o of_o his_o epistle_n transcribe_v out_o of_o a_o copy_n in_o the_o abbey_n of_o glastonbury_n which_o epistle_n be_v mention_v here_o before_o make_v all_o this_o clear_a together_o with_o the_o episcopal_a degree_n the_o pope_n bestow_v on_o st._n patrick_n 12_o year_n indulgence_n he_o be_v accompany_v in_o his_o legation_n with_o 20_o eminent_a person_n for_o his_o assistance_n one_o of_o which_o be_v sergetius_fw-la before_o mention_v he_o divert_v in_o his_o return_n to_o his_o instructor_n st._n germanus_n from_o who_o liberality_n he_o receive_v chalice_n priestly_a vestment_n and_o store_n of_o book_n with_o many_o other_o thing_n proper_a for_o his_o ministry_n
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dicon_n he_o obtain_v a_o field_n call_v sabbul_n two_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o city_n of_o down_n his_o particular_a journey_n laborious_a preach_a pious_a action_n and_o admirable_a miracle_n be_v copious_o relate_v by_o the_o ecclesiastical_a writer_n of_o ireland_n it_o be_v say_v that_o carantacus_fw-la or_o cernac_n thirty_o year_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o st._n david_n begin_v to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o ireland_n he_o be_v a_o britain_n bear_v son_n of_o keredec_n prince_n of_o the_o province_n of_o cardigan_n cereticae_fw-la regionis_fw-la among_o many_o other_o child_n keredic_n have_v this_o carantac_n a_o child_n of_o good_a disposition_n begin_v early_o to_o do_v those_o thing_n which_o he_o think_v please_v to_o god._n in_o those_o day_n the_o scot_n grievous_o vex_v britain_n so_o that_o his_o father_n unable_a to_o sustain_v
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the_o title_n of_o saxony_n beyond_o the_o sea._n after_o the_o angli_fw-la give_v their_o own_o name_n to_o it_o beside_o after_o 150_o year_n by_o the_o come_n of_o st._n augustine_n they_o become_v christian_n and_o of_o waster_n of_o the_o country_n become_v more_o gentle_a and_o civil_a inhabitant_n thereof_o they_o first_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o ille_fw-la of_o thanet_fw-la in_o kent_n and_o there_o first_o land_v at_o a_o place_n call_v wipped-fleet_n from_o wipped_a a_o saxon_a commander_n there_o after_z slain_z they_o be_v thus_o land_v about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 450._o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n invade_v britain_n with_o a_o mighty_a army_n waste_v the_o province_n as_o they_o come_v along_o vortigern_n gather_v his_o soldier_n and_o auxiliary_a saxon_n together_o and_o march_v beyond_o the_o river_n humber_n when_o they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n the_o britain_n have_v little_a need_n to_o fight_n for_o the_o saxon_n combat_v with_o such_o courage_n 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for_o these_o thing_n for_o the_o necessity_n of_o god_n priest_n ought_v to_o be_v common_a make_v your_o supplication_n likewise_o with_o we_o to_o the_o most_o holy_a and_o glorious_a virgin_n mary_n mother_n of_o god_n that_o she_o will_v intercede_v for_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o catholic_n church_n and_o for_o the_o victory_n and_o long_a life_n of_o our_o most_o excellent_a and_o pious_a emperor_n the_o like_a practice_n we_o find_v elsewhere_o of_o which_o many_o example_n may_v be_v give_v the_o next_o year_n king_n arthur_n be_v call_v into_o the_o northern_a part_n to_o assist_v prince_n howel_n who_o three_o year_n before_o be_v come_v out_o of_o little_a britain_n to_o his_o aid_n and_o be_v now_o besiege_a by_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n in_o the_o city_n call_v acluid_a wherein_o he_o lie_v sick._n upon_o king_n arthur_n approach_n the_o enemy_n retire_v to_o a_o place_n call_v mureif_a whither_o he_o pursue_v they_o but_o they_o escape_v by_o night_n flee_v to_o a_o 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this_o king_n for_o their_o distress_a countryman_n it_o have_v be_v already_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o province_n of_o the_o pict_n where_o the_o city_n of_o acluid_n be_v seat_v have_v many_o year_n before_o receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n by_o the_o preach_a of_o st._n ninianus_n but_o who_o be_v his_o successor_n be_v hard_o to_o conjecture_v in_o the_o annal_n of_o ireland_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o a_o certain_a bishop_n call_v nennion_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v flourish_v in_o britain_n about_o the_o year_n 520._o and_o to_o have_v have_v his_o seat_n in_o a_o place_n call_v the_o great_a monastery_n this_o man_n probable_o be_v the_o successor_n of_o st._n ninianus_n and_o that_o great_a monastery_n the_o same_o with_o candida_n casa_n where_o the_o monument_n of_o that_o apostolic_a bishop_n be_v which_o by_o reason_n of_o frequent_a miracle_n wrought_v there_o invite_v great_a
be_v next_o to_o st._n david_n now_o the_o church_n of_o menevia_n enjoy_v all_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o church_n of_o caerleon_n must_v needs_o be_v metropolitan_a and_o consequent_o the_o archbishop_n thereof_o wear_v a_o pall_n which_o he_o probable_o carry_v over_o with_o he_o to_o dole_n in_o little_a britain_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 566._o when_o the_o whole_a province_n of_o menevia_n be_v almost_o depopulate_v by_o a_o rage_a pestilential_a disease_n to_o avoid_v which_o by_o the_o importunity_n of_o his_o friend_n he_o undertake_v that_o voyage_n be_v arrive_v there_o he_o be_v admit_v into_o great_a favour_n by_o childebert_n king_n of_o france_n and_o with_o his_o licence_n and_o contribution_n found_v a_o monastery_n there_o where_o he_o lead_v a_o holy_a life_n employ_v in_o divine_a meditation_n and_o by_o his_o pious_a example_n and_o admonition_n direct_v many_o disciple_n in_o the_o same_o way_n st._n samson_n in_o this_o voyage_n take_v with_o he_o a_o 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place_n now_o unknown_a egelsburgh_n now_o ailesburgh_n in_o buckinghamshire_n bensingtun_n or_o benson_n in_o oxfordshire_n and_o also_o egnesham_n now_o unknown_a after_o which_o victory_n cuthulf_n depart_v this_o life_n in_o the_o year_n 575._o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o east-angle_n be_v erect_v in_o norfolk_n suffolk_z cambridgeshire_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n the_o name_n of_o the_o first_o king_n be_v offa_n from_o who_o his_o successor_n and_o subject_n be_v call_v vffing_n some_o place_n king_n in_o this_o region_n before_o offa_n time_n if_o such_o be_v they_o seem_v to_o be_v dependant_a and_o upon_o courtesy_n as_o after_o they_o be_v again_o beneficiarii_fw-la sometime_o of_o the_o kentish_a king_n sometime_o of_o the_o mercian_n two_o year_n after_o the_o begin_n of_o offa_n reign_n be_v fight_v a_o battle_n fatal_a to_o the_o britain_n by_o which_o they_o be_v expel_v almost_o out_o of_o all_o the_o fertile_a plain_n of_o this_o island_n and_o drive_v to_o the_o 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on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o thames_n on_o the_o east_n with_o severn_n and_o deva_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o german_a ocean_n the_o britain_n themselves_o by_o a_o voluntary_a session_n make_v crida_n way_n very_o easy_a to_o his_o new_a erect_a throne_n in_o which_o he_o as_o yet_o sit_v content_v with_o the_o inferior_a title_n of_o governor_n or_o duke_n for_o the_o saxon_n be_v now_o disperse_v through_o all_o the_o part_n of_o britain_n and_o every_o day_n gain_v more_o strength_n become_v intolerable_o burdensome_a to_o the_o poor_a britain_n and_o be_v infidel_n publish_v law_n extreme_o prejudicial_a to_o christian_a religion_n whereupon_o by_o agreement_n between_o the_o clergy_n and_o other_o british_a inhabitant_n hitherto_o mix_v with_o the_o saxon_n they_o resolve_v to_o quit_v the_o country_n and_o to_o retire_v some_o to_o the_o mountain_n of_o wales_n some_o into_o cornwall_n other_o to_z little_a britain_n and_o other_o christian_a region_n then_o it_o be_v to_o wit_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 586._o that_o the_o archprelate_n theonus_n bishop_n of_o london_n and_o thadioc_n or_o theodoc_n of_o york_n see_v all_o their_o church_n level_v with_o the_o ground_n attend_v with_o many_o ecclesiastic_n sle_z into_o wales_n and_o carry_v with_o they_o the_o sacred_a relic_n of_o saint_n lest_o by_o a_o irruption_n of_o the_o barbarous_a saxon_n the_o sacred_a bone_n of_o so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a saint_n shall_v be_v destroy_v so_o that_o the_o province_n of_o loegria_n and_o northumbria_n be_v utter_o deprive_v of_o christian_a congregation_n upon_o the_o body_n of_o some_o saint_n reverent_o hide_v in_o monument_n great_a heap_n of_o earth_n be_v cast_v lest_o they_o shall_v be_v obnoxious_a to_o the_o contumelious_a scorn_n of_o insidel_n for_o the_o king_n of_o the_o angli_fw-la and_o saxon_n as_o they_o be_v very_o powerful_a in_o arm_n so_o be_v they_o malicious_a pagan_n thirst_v after_o nothing_o more_o than_o the_o disgrace_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o subversion_n of_o his_o worship_n wherever_o they_o subdue_v a_o country_n if_o any_o church_n be_v leave_v untouched_a they_o turn_v it_o into_o a_o temple_n of_o their_o profane_a idol_n with_o their_o impious_a sacrifice_n pollute_v the_o altar_n of_o the_o true_a god._n concern_v this_o theonus_n archbishop_n of_o london_n he_o be_v former_o bishop_n of_o gloucester_n and_o from_o thence_o translate_v to_o london_n in_o the_o year_n 553._o and_o in_o the_o year_n 586._o with_o his_o whole_a clergy_n flee_v as_o be_v say_v into_o his_o own_o country_n afterward_o the_o metropolitical_a dignity_n be_v transfer_v to_o canterbury_n from_o london_n as_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v declare_v and_o never_o after_o the_o departure_n of_o theodoc_n do_v we_o read_v of_o any_o other_o archbishop_n of_o york_n till_o by_o the_o conversion_n of_o edwin_n son_n of_o alla_n king_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n st._n paulinus_n be_v there_o consecrate_a archbishop_n by_o the_o secession_n and_o flight_n of_o the_o british_a clergy_n and_o other_o inhabitant_n there_o remain_v the_o miserable_a relic_n of_o the_o britain_n in_o three_o province_n only_o namely_o in_o cornwall_n stretch_v forth_o itself_o like_o a_o horn_n into_o the_o sea_n in_o south-wales_n and_o north-wales_n with_o these_o narrow_a limit_n they_o be_v force_v to_o be_v content_a nevertheless_o they_o never_o depart_v from_o the_o true_a faith_n of_o christ_n one_o thing_n there_o be_v indeed_o for_o which_o they_o be_v just_o to_o be_v reprehend_v the_o mortal_a hatred_n which_o they_o long_o do_v bear_v to_o the_o english_a nation_n who_o expel_v they_o be_v so_o as_o they_o will_v less_o communicate_v with_o they_o then_o with_o dog_n so_o mistake_v be_v they_o which_o will_v needs_o think_v that_o the_o saxon_n be_v instruct_v in_o christianity_n by_o the_o britain_n and_o not_o by_o st._n augustine_n from_o rome_n the_o saxon_n be_v no_o soon_o in_o a_o secure_a possession_n of_o this_o island_n but_o almighty_a god_n so_o dispose_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o divine_a providence_n as_o to_o prepare_v the_o way_n of_o their_o conversion_n to_o he_o in_o order_n to_o their_o eternal_a happiness_n as_o if_o a_o earthly_a kingdom_n have_v not_o be_v a_o reward_n answerable_a to_o their_o merit_n in_o destroy_v a_o ungrateful_a people_n abandon_v to_o all_o impiety_n the_o instrument_n of_o this_o felicity_n now_o approach_v be_v the_o bless_a man_n st._n gregory_n than_o a_o private_a priest_n though_o soon_o after_o a_o most_o worthy_a successor_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o the_o apostolic_a chair_n at_o rome_n upon_o this_o happy_a occasion_n a_o number_n of_o young_a english_a youth_n be_v bring_v to_o rome_n and_o there_o expose_v to_o the_o public_a market_n to_o be_v sell_v gregory_n excite_v by_o a_o zealous_a affection_n to_o propagate_v the_o name_n of_o christ_n and_o move_v with_o a_o tender_a compassion_n towards_o those_o child_n with_o who_o beautiful_a feature_n and_o amiableness_n he_o be_v affect_v and_o understand_v that_o the_o nation_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v be_v destitute_a of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o christ_n take_v a_o resolution_n to_o sow_v among_o they_o the_o divine_a seed_n of_o christian_a faith_n and_o be_v after_o exalt_v to_o the_o pontificate_n in_o order_n to_o the_o effect_n of_o his_o design_n send_v st._n augustine_n the_o monk_n to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o christian_a church_n in_o this_o island_n join_v with_o he_o other_o auxiliary_n and_o devout_a companion_n of_o his_o labour_n bishop_n parker_n seem_v to_o doubt_v this_o story_n because_o of_o the_o improbability_n that_o the_o saxon_n shall_v sell_v their_o child_n whereas_o tacitus_n recount_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o ancient_a german_n affirm_v they_o will_v out_o of_o greediness_n of_o gain_v in_o die_n play_v even_o set_v their_o own_o liberty_n at_o stake_n and_o malmburiensis_fw-la say_v it_o be_v a_o familiar_a and_o almost_o a_o natural_a
authority_n now_o the_o say_a island_n be_v usual_o govern_v by_o a_o abbot_n who_o be_v a_o priest_n to_o who_o jurisdiction_n the_o whole_a province_n and_o even_a bishop_n themselves_o by_o a_o custom_n no_o where_o else_o practise_v aught_o to_o be_v subject_a according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o their_o first_o teacher_n s_o columba_n who_o be_v only_o a_o priest_n and_o monk_n and_o no_o bishop_n of_o who_o life_n and_o say_n many_o strange_a thing_n be_v extant_a compile_v by_o his_o disciple_n but_o what_o manner_n of_o man_n soever_o he_o be_v sure_o we_o be_v he_o leave_v successor_n famous_a for_o their_o great_a continency_n divine_a love_n and_o regular_a institution_n the_o companion_n to_o st._n columba_n be_v say_v to_o be_v twelve_o who_o come_v with_o he_o into_o albion_n eminent_o endue_v with_o the_o doctrine_n of_o christ_n and_o adorn_v with_o great_a sanctity_n their_o name_n be_v bathemius_n and_o cominus_fw-la afterward_o superior_n over_o monastery_n and_o no_o mean_a ornament_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n among_o the_o scot_n also_o cibthacus_fw-la and_o ethernau_n nephew_n to_o st._n columba_n and_o priest_n moreover_o domitius_n rutius_fw-la and_o fethuo_fw-la man_n illustrious_a for_o their_o descent_n but_o more_o for_o their_o piety_n last_o scandalaus_fw-la eglodeus_fw-la totaveus_n moteser_n and_o gallan_n these_o man_n after_o travel_v through_o the_o region_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n and_o by_o their_o labour_n in_o teach_v dispute_v and_o write_v imbue_v both_o those_o nation_n with_o virtuous_a manner_n and_o true_a religion_n the_o scotish_n writer_n add_v one_o companion_n more_o to_o st._n columba_n namely_o st._n constantine_n former_o king_n of_o the_o britain_n who_o repent_v his_o crime_n sharp_o reprove_v by_o gildas_n become_v a_o monk_n and_o go_v with_o st._n columba_n into_o scotland_n where_o he_o preach_v the_o faith_n to_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n he_o build_v a_o monastery_n in_o govane_n near_o the_o river_n cluid_n which_o he_o govern_v as_o abbot_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v convert_v to_o the_o faith_n the_o whole_a province_n of_o kentire_n where_o he_o likewise_o die_v a_o martyr_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o his_o monastery_n in_o govan_n the_o king_n who_o bestow_v the_o isle_n of_o hylas_n upon_o st._n columba_n and_o by_o the_o eminence_n of_o his_o piety_n draw_v he_o thither_o be_v say_v to_o be_v st._n comgal_n or_o conval_n king_n of_o dalrieda_n at_o the_o same_o time_n not_o far_o from_o st._n columba_n live_v st._n kentigern_n late_o return_v to_o his_o bishopric_n of_o glasco_n to_o who_o no_o doubt_n st._n columba_n be_v a_o officious_a assistant_n in_o his_o apostolic_a office._n of_o the_o solemn_a meeting_n of_o these_o two_o saint_n with_o their_o disciple_n we_o have_v already_o speak_v that_o there_o be_v a_o perfect_a agreement_n between_o these_o two_o saint_n and_o their_o disciple_n be_v no_o doubt_n and_o between_o they_o and_o st._n augustine_n also_o except_o in_o one_o rite_n or_o ceremony_n about_o the_o time_n of_o keep_v easter_n upon_o which_o inconsiderable_a difference_n some_o will_v infer_v that_o the_o british_a church_n receive_v their_o faith_n from_o the_o eastern_a church_n and_o not_o from_o rome_n st._n columba_n have_v spend_v more_o than_o 30_o year_n in_o this_o place_n and_o service_n he_o impatient_o beg_v of_o god_n to_o end_v his_o pilgrimage_n after_o his_o prayer_n end_v he_o see_v in_o a_o vision_n certain_a angel_n approach_v to_o he_o to_o conduct_v his_o soul_n to_o heaven_n which_o sight_n be_v so_o joyful_a to_o he_o that_o his_o disciple_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o but_o this_o sight_n be_v soon_o turn_v into_o sorrow_n for_o the_o angel_n tell_v he_o that_o upon_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o pictish_a church_n god_n have_v add_v four_o year_n more_o to_o his_o life_n at_o last_o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 597._o the_o same_o year_n st._n angustine_n come_v into_o britain_n this_o holy_a man_n die_v and_o his_o holy_a body_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o hylas_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v after_o translate_v or_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o into_o ireland_n and_o repose_v in_o the_o church_n of_o dun-patrick_n by_o a_o inscription_n on_o his_o monument_n it_o be_v signify_v that_o in_o that_o one_o tomb_n three_o saint_n st._n patrick_n st._n bridget_n and_o st._n columba_n do_v repose_v hitherto_o the_o saxon_a prince_n have_v employ_v their_o force_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o britain_n but_o now_o find_v little_a resistance_n from_o they_o turn_v their_o arm_n against_o one_o another_o for_o three_o year_n after_o the_o come_n of_o st._n columba_n into_o britain_n ceaulin_n and_o cutha_n move_v a_o civil_a war_n against_o ethelbert_n which_o ethelbert_n the_o rather_o enter_v into_o because_o the_o power_n of_o ceaulin_n so_o much_o increase_v that_o he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o monarch_n hereupon_o ethelbert_n a_o valiant_a young_a prince_n mindful_a of_o the_o glory_n of_o his_o ancestor_n who_o have_v always_o enjoy_v a_o pre-eminence_n above_o other_o prince_n resolve_v to_o keep_v it_o and_o raise_v a_o army_n march_v with_o it_o into_o the_o province_n of_o the_o regni_n or_o surry_n where_o pass_v unwary_o over_o a_o little_a river_n call_v wandalis_fw-la he_o be_v rude_o repulse_v by_o ceaulin_n but_o endeavour_v again_o to_o march_v forward_o the_o army_n meet_v at_o a_o village_n call_v wibbandun_v now_o wimbledon_n where_o he_o be_v with_o a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n compel_v to_o fly_v back_o into_o kent_n have_v lose_v his_o two_o chief_a captain_n oslaf_n and_o kneban_n where_o this_o battle_n be_v fight_v still_o remain_v as_o a_o monument_n of_o it_o a_o rampire_n raise_v in_o a_o round_a form_n as_o encompass_v a_o camp_n call_v knebensbury_n ethelbert_n after_o his_o loss_n seek_v to_o strengthen_v himself_o by_o a_o friendship_n and_o confederacy_n with_o the_o neighbour_a powerful_a kingdom_n of_o the_o frank_n to_o make_v which_o confederacy_n more_o last_a he_o desire_v to_o confirm_v it_o by_o marriage_n which_o he_o effect_v this_o kingdom_n heretofore_o be_v call_v gaul_n but_o afterward_o the_o frank_n a_o german_a nation_n under_o their_o king_n pharamont_n invade_v it_o and_o possess_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o change_v the_o name_n from_o gaul_n to_o france_n the_o successor_n of_o pharamont_n for_o several_a generation_n be_v pagan_n till_o by_o st._n remigius_n bishop_n of_o rheims_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 499._o king_n clodoveus_n be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o with_o he_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n which_o faith_n ever_o after_o continue_a and_o increase_v there_o this_o kingdom_n of_o the_o frank_n be_v at_o that_o time_n govern_v by_o four_o king_n son_n of_o clotharius_n a_o daughter_n of_o one_o of_o which_o king_n elthelbert_n marry_v name_v berta_n gregory_n call_v her_o aldiberga_n to_o who_o he_o attribute_n the_o conversion_n of_o the_o the_o saxon_n her_o parent_n not_o without_o some_o difficulty_n deliver_v their_o christian_a daughter_n to_o the_o bed_n of_o a_o pagan_a but_o have_v a_o engagement_n from_o ethelbert_n to_o allow_v she_o and_o her_o family_n a_o entire_a freedom_n in_o religion_n and_o so_o the_o marriage_n be_v conclude_v the_o lady_n be_v accompany_v into_o britain_n by_o a_o prudent_a and_o devout_a bishop_n call_v lethardus_fw-la who_o be_v style_v the_o percursor_n to_o st._n augustine_n and_o one_o who_o open_v the_o door_n to_o christianity_n here_o there_o be_v then_o in_o doroberni_n or_o canterbury_n several_a church_n which_o have_v be_v build_v by_o christian_n many_o age_n before_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v not_o utter_o demolish_v by_o the_o saxon_n among_o which_o the_o queen_n make_v choice_n of_o that_o which_o have_v be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o st._n martin_n and_o stand_v eastward_o of_o the_o city_n the_o author_n of_o life_n of_o this_o bishop_n lethardus_fw-la tell_v we_o what_o devotion_n this_o queen_n perform_v in_o this_o church_n viz._n that_o she_o and_o her_o family_n frequent_v the_o sacrament_n of_o mass_n and_o prayer_n in_o the_o celebrate_v whereof_o the_o bless_a bishop_n lethardus_fw-la be_v president_n or_o chief_a priest_n the_o say_n or_o sing_v of_o mass_n be_v the_o solemn_a devotion_n of_o the_o church_n in_o those_o time_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o orleans_n and_o tours_n celebrate_v in_o these_o very_a time_n insomuch_o as_o st._n columba_n by_o revelation_n know_v the_o death_n of_o st._n brendan_n in_o ireland_n celebrate_v a_o solemn_a mass_n for_o his_o soul._n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 571._o cuthulf_n the_o brother_n of_o king_n ceaulin_n fight_v with_o the_o britain_n at_o bedanford_n now_o bedford_n and_o have_v obtain_v the_o victory_n he_o take_v from_o they_o four_o royal_a city_n linganburgh_n a_o