't is observable besides that in Imitation of the Picts Wall in England there was within few miles South of Sleswick a long Trench and Wall from the one Sea to the other so broad that a Chariot or two Horsemen a breast might ride upon it The same was first built by Gotricus or Godfrey King of Denmark in the time of Charles the Great either to stop the Current of his Victories or to hinder the daily Incursions of the Saxons The Tract thereof still very easy to be seen is called Danewark to this day South of the Dukedom of Sleswick lies that of Holstein A woody Country called Holstein from the Dutch word Holt which signifies a Wood or Forest The River Eyder divides it Northward from Sleswick Westward it is bounded partly with the Elb and Eastward with the Baltick The River Elb one of the five great Rivers of Germany divides it from the Dukedom of Bremen and further Southward it is bounded with the Dukedom of Saxen Lawemburg This Country is divided into four principal Parts viz. Dithmarsen North-westward Holstein properly so called Stormaren Southward and Wageren North-castward First Holstein specially so called together with Stormaren was made an Earldom by the Emperour Lotharius Anno 1134. in the Person of Adolph Earl of Schomburg who had deserved well of him in his Wars And when Christiern Earl of Oldenburg was called to the Crown of Denmark Anno 1448 he having gotten Dithmarsen of the Emperour Frederick the Third prevailed so far as to have the whole Estate erected into a Dukedom to be held by him and his Successors of the sacred Empire The famous Hanse-Towns of Hamburg and Lubeck that on the Elb and this on the Trave both on the Borders of Holstein and Germany are reckoned as Towns of Holstein though neither of them subject to the King of Denmark nor to the Dukes of Holstein Hamburg is of that part of Holstein which is called Stormaren about sixteen German miles from Bremen in Germany six East of Staden and eight West of Lubeck It is built at the Influx of the Alster into the Elb in a large Plain with fat and rich Pastures round about it the Ships coming up to it a great way with the Tide This is an ancient City great populous beautiful and rich and a Place of vast Trading There is the old and new Town both surrounded with good Walls and well fortified The Buildings for the most part are of Brick the Streets somewhat narrow but the publick Structures very fair especially the Council-house adorned with the Statues of the nine Worthies carved with very great Art then the Exchange or Meeting-place for Merchants and amongst the Churches S. Nicolas and S. Catharines Church this last having a marble Chair with Figures of Alabaster and Ornaments of Gold most delicately wrought It is observed says Heylin that there were in this Town at one time 177 Brewers when there was but forty Bakers one Lawyer and one Physician The Reason of which Disproportion was that a Cup of Nimis was their usual Physick that Bread was counted a Binder and so not to be used but in case of Necessity and that their Differences were sooner ended over a Can than by course of Law This formerly was the Staple Town for English Cloth from whence on some Discontents it was removed to Stade and at last to Holland Anciently Hamburg was an Archbishops See founded by Charles the Great but transferred to Bremen Anno 850 with the Consent of Lewis the then Emperour Moreri says that Hamburg was sometime subject to the Archbishops of Bremen that afterwards the Hamburgers were under particular Lords of their own and at last came to be under the Dukes of Holstein But Heylin having told us that this City was repaired by Charles the Great and walled by the Emperour Henry the Fourth says further that it was accounted since that time an Imperial City and made one of the Hanse upon the first Incorporating of those Towns Which notwithstanding upon a Controversy arising about that time betwixt the Earl of Holstein and the People of Hamburg this Town was adjudged to belong to the Earls of Holstein and that Determination ratify'd by Charles the Fourth Anno 1374. In pursuance whereof the Hamburgers took the Oath of Allegiance to Christiern Earl of Oldenburg the first King of Denmark of that House as Earl of Holstein acknowledging him and his Successors for their lawful Lords But since that time they have slip'd their Necks out of the Collar and having took upon themselves to live as a free State they only pay some small Duty to the King of Denmark as Duke of Holstein and that rather by way of a Toll upon the account of Gluckstad that lies betwixt Hamburg and the Mouth of the River Elb than on any other account However the King of Denmark seems to have a just Claim to Hamburg and he never draws near it with any Forces but the Hamburghers jealous of their Liberty and perhaps conscious of their Guilt put themselves into a Posture of Defence In order to which besides their constant Garrison and the promised Assistance of the rest of the Hanse-Towns upon all occasions they can raise about fifteen thousand Citizens in Arms to stand for their Liberty Lubeck the chief of all the Hanse Towns was at first but a goodly Borough which Adolphus Earl of Holstein built Anno 1143. in the time of the Emperour Conrade III. But it was so well priviledged by the said Earl and his next Successors that in a short time it bid defiance to its Founders and was made a Dukedom of it self By the Emperour Frederick I. it was united to the Empire but after his Death they chose themselves another Duke Who having governed them five Years was subdued by the Danes and the City made subject to that Kingdom In which Condition they remained till delivered by the Emperour Frederick II by whom being infranchised again it became Imperial and was afterwards listed amongst the Hanse Towns Anno 1500. John King of Denmark attempted to reduce this City under his Obedience which War broke out again in the year 1509 and then the Swedes espoused the Lubeckers Quarrel Anno 1547 in Charles the fifth's time they sent their Deputy's to the Emperour to get a Continuation of their Privileges for which they presented his Imperial Majesty with 100000 Crowns Anno 1562. they ingaged in a War with Eric King of Sweden which War continued till the year 1570. Ever since this City has been in a flourishing Condition And though it has been burnt down several times particularly in the year 1238 yet it raised it self always out of its Ashes T is built upon all the sides of a rising Hill on the top whereof stands the Church of St. Mary whence is a descent to all the Gates of the City affording to the eye a most pleasing Prospect The Buildings are very beautiful and all of Brick the Streets strait and even
in a manner worn out of memory But since this Uniting of these two Estates the Title of Duke of Holstein and a good Part of the Country was in a manner dismembred from the Crown and given to Adolph Brother of Christiern III who governed it interchangeably with the King Afterwards another part of this Country was bestowed upon John younger Brother to Frederick II. Of which two Dukes and their Successors you shall have a further Account in its proper place Of the Islands of DENMARK And first of Seland and Funen SEland the principal Island of Denmark and the greatest of the Baltick Sea lies opposite to Schonen in Sweden and is parted from it by the Sund as it is from Funen Westward by the great Belt The same being the Codanonia of the Ancients is a most pleasant and fruitful Island extending from North to South sixteen German miles and from East to West about twelve Now a German Mile is at the least as much as four English The chief Place of this Island is Copenhagen Lat. Hafnia Dan. Kiobenhaven the Metropolis and usual Residence of the Kings of Denmark A brave City grown up from a small beginning Hues or Huido Archbishop of Lunden and Bishop of Roschild was the first who laid the Foundations of it in the Year 1165 when in the same place where now stands Copenhagen he caused a Fortress to be built against the Pirates that roved over this Sea which Fortress was called by his Name Axel Hues About which afterwards some Fishermen built themselves Cottages and in process of time the richest sort of them erected not only Store-houses but Dwelling-Houses fit to receive the Merchants in who came to buy their Fish This Commerce drew thither many more Inhabitants to whom James Bishop of Roschild granted several Priviledges and Immunities in the year 1254. Thus in succession of time this City which at first was but a few Fishermens Cottages grew to that greatness that it is now one of the most noble Cities of the North. To which several Kings of Denmark have greatly contributed by their Publick Buildings and granting the Citizens many great Priviledges but especially Christiern the Fourth the present Kings Grandfather whose Memory is still cherished by the Inhabitants Copenhagen you must know is seated upon the East-side of the Island under the fifty sixth degree of Northern Latitude Christiern the Fourth having laid the Foundation of a new City in the little Isle of Amag or Amager joyned it to the old by a Bridge and called it by the name of Christierns Haven He built also a goodly Magazine-house and strengthned the City on the Island-side with Walls and Bulwarks Thus Copenhagen is properly divided into two Parts by that Inlet or Arm of the Sea which parts the old Town from the new In the new Town the less of the two is the Royal Castle a Fabrick of ancient Structure with large Ditches and high Walls about it There is also the Mint the Exchange and the Arsenal one of the finest in Europe Wherein is seen that wonderful Celestial Globe that has no less than six foot of diameter the work of Tycho Brache the great Danish Astronomer From this new Town there is a Passage to the old over several Bridges Here the Streets are broad and every where furnished with Store-houses The principal Churches are S. Nicolas the Holy Ghost and S. Mary's Church in which last is performed the Coronation of the Kings of Denmark On this side also is seen the fine Port the Cittadel the Custom-house and the University First founded by Eric or Henry the ninth but perfected by King Christiern the first and the succeeding Princes by whom it was liberally endowed The Island of Amag which lies on the East-side of the Town makes a very safe Road for all kinds of Shipping So that the Haven is not only capacious but most commodious and safe against all Winds of the Baltick Sea The excellency whereof as much as any thing else has improved this City to that degree that when the late King of Sweden came first before it in the year 57 he fell in love with her and said she was a fair Bride worth dancing for This City as other great Towns has not only been oppressed by Strangers but has been also under the hard Circumstances of Civil Dissensions For taking part with Christiern II. against his Uncle Frederick it was taken by Frederick Anno 1522. And in the year 1536 after a years Siege and the Calamity of War and Famine it was forced to surrender it self to Christiern III. After that it injoy'd the Comforts of Peace for a long Series of Years until Charles Gustave King of Sweden made War upon it And had he won this fair Bride as he sportingly used to call her what a brave Dower had she brought him But he was frustrated of his Expectations as well by the great Courage and vigorous Resistance of King Frederick as by the concurrent but stinted Assistance of such as were self-concerned in the Conservation of his Crown Next to Copenhagen Roschild is a Place of good note situate about the middle of the Island four Leagues West of Copenhagen 'T was formerly a See Episcopal the Bishops whereof had the honour of Crowning the Kings of Denmark In the Cathedral Church are to be seen the Tombs of many of the Danish Kings some of them very fair and sumptuous This City is famous besides for the Treaty of Peace made here in the Year 1658. betwixt the Kings of Sweden and Denmark upon the first Invasion of this Country by the Swedes South and by West from Roschild almost four Leagues off lies Sora another Town of Seland Of old times beautify'd with a goodly Monastery the Revenues whereof at the Change of Religion were converted to the Maintenance of a Free-School built here by Frederick I. But in the year 1623. Christiern IV. adding hereunto the Revenues of two other dissolved Monasteries the one in the Isle of Laland and the other in Jutland founded here a new University for the better Supply of Learned Men both for Church and State Northward from Copenhagen you will find Elsinor or Elsineur Dan. Helsingor a noted Sea-Town with a good Harbour to it It lies about three Leagues North of Copenhagen and not above a mile from the Sund. At the very Entrance of which Streight and over against the Castle of Elsinburg in Schonen is the famous Castle and Palace of Cronenburg the strongest and most considerable Fortress of Denmark Built with incredible Charge and Pains by King Frederick II who laid the Foundations of it within the Sea Into the bottom of which there was sunk a great number of huge Stones and Flints locked together with great Oaken Piles and those fastned with such Skill and Artifice that no Storm or Tempest how violent soever can shake it From this Castle which is in a manner the Key of the Baltick Sea one may easily discern each Ship
improved the University of Copenhagen and was a great Admirer of the Learned but especially of Tycho Brahe Sophia his Queen was Daughter of Ulric Duke of Mecklemburg He got by her three Sons and four Daughters His eldest Son Christiern succeeded him but Ulric and John died young and without Issue His eldest Daughter Elizabeth was second Wise to Henry-Julius Duke of Brunswick Ann was given in Marriage to James King of Great Brittain Hedwige to Christiern the Second Elector of Saxony and Augusta to John Adolph Duke of Holstein Christiern IV Son of Frederick the Second Brother of Ann Queen of Great Brittain and Knight of the Garter succeeded his Father at the Age of twelve Years Four Counsellors were appointed to be Regents during his Minority and he was not crowned till the year 1596. In the Month of July Anno 1606 he came over into England to visit the King and Queen He had been long expected when at last News were brought to Court that he was come with eight Ships into the River of Thames and that he anchored before Gravesend This hapned on the seventeenth of July and the next day King James with Prince Henry and divers of the Lords went by Barge to meet this Royal Guest and bring him up to London Where he stayed about four Weeks being entertained all that while with all the Magnificence that could be imagined Both Kings did ride in great state through the City there being Pageants erected in many Places He was shewed the chief Places about the Town as the Royal Exchange the Tower the Monuments at Westminster and that he might have a full Prospect of the City and Suburbs he went to the top of Pauls No manner of Pastime was omitted to divert so welcome a Guest and the Earl of Salisbury feasted him at Theobalds four days together At last on the twelfth of August being conducted by the King the Queen and Prince with many other great Lords he departed to his Ships and arrived in eight days at home In July 1614. he came the second time into England but Incognito and with a small Company The Queen was surprised to see him arrived at Somerset House before she knew any thing of his Coming King James was then in Progress in Bedfordshire who heard no sooner of it but he came back He admired his Frankness as well as his Affection and thanked him heartily for both In return whereof he regalled him with all the possible Marks of Kindness and Gratitude And King Christiern returned Aug. 1 extreamly satisfy'd with his Entertainment A rare thing to see Princes converse together with so much Freedom and not kept asunder with Jealousies of State Anno 1610. King Christiern made War against Sweden In the year 1625. the Protestants of Germany made him Head of the League against the Emperour Ferdinand the Second for the Restauration of Count Palatine of the Rhine to his Estates But he was suddenly beat out of all Jutland by the prevailing Imperialists till he compounded the Business upon very good Terms and was restored to all his own Afterwards he turned his Arms against the Swedes in the year 1644 who got several Places from him but the Peace put a stop to their Conquests He reigned sixty years and died at 70 years of age Ann Catharine his Queen was Daughter of Joachim Frederick Elector of Brandenburg He got by her amongst other Children Christiern and Frederick Christiern was chosen King of Denmark in his Fathers life-time He was a very hopeful Prince but unhealthy so that he died before his Royal Father going to drink some Waters in Saxony His Death made room for Frederick III second Son of Christiern the Fourth He was Archbishop of Bremen in Saxony before he came to the Crown upon the Death of his Royal Father and not long after the decease of Christiern his elder Brother who as I said before was King elect This is that magnanimous Prince who by his invincible Constancy has not long since redeemed this Crown from the hands of the Swedes This is that Frederick whose late Calamities served only to set off the greatness of his Courage And as if the same Rules of Providence were appointed for the Royal Families of England and Denmark whilst King Frederick was struggling for his Crown with the Swedes the late Usurpers here kept the Crown from King Charles And as it was their fortune to suffer both together so they had the Comfort to be both the same Year restored to their Dominions 'T is true King Frederick was fain to part with some of the best Jewels of his Crown But that Loss whatever it is is not Irrecoverable and has already been sufficiently made up on the part of his Subjects by their deep sense of Gratitude in making his Crown Hereditary which formerly was but Elective On the 18th of October 1643 some years before he came to the Crown he married with the Lady Sophia Aemilia of Luneburg by whom he got 1. Christiern V now King of Denmark a Prince of a warlike and generous Temper He was born Apr. 18. 1646 and has got Issue by Queen Charlotte his Royal Consort a Princess of the most Ancient and Illustrious House of Hassia Cassel in Germany 2. Prince George born in the year 1653. Whose Royal Birth and Princely Qualifications as well as other Regards have made him in our King's Judgment a proper Match for the Lady Ann. The Solemnity of which Marriage is at hand 3. Anna Sophia married to John George Elector of Saxony 4. Frederica Aemilia married in the Year 1667. to Christiern Albert Duke of Holstein Gottorp 5. Guilliemetta-Ernestina married in the Year 1671. to Count Palatine of the Rhine 6. Vlrica-Eleonora-Sabina married to the present King of Sweden Charles XI The Titles of the King of Denmark run thus Christiern the Fifth by the Grace of God King of Denmark and Norway of the Vandals and Goths Duke of Sleswick Holstein Stormaren and Dithmarsen Count of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst c. His Arms are Quarterly 1. Or three Lions passant Vert crowned of the first for the Kingdom of Denmark 2. Gules a Lion rampant Or crowned and armed of the first in his paws a Dansk Hatchet Argent for the Kingdom of Norway What Arms belong to him as Duke of Holstein and Sleswick and Earl of Oldenburg I am as yet to seek Lastly to omit nothing that may be essential to this our present Subject I must give some Account of the Dukes of Holstein as being of the Blood-Royal of Denmark and accordingly holding several Estates of that Crown in Holstein The House of Holstein is generally divided into three principal Branches The King of Denmark is the Head of the first Branch and the standing Protector of the Princes of the House of Holstein The other two Branches are that of Holstein Gottorp and that of Holstein Sunderburg The Branch of Holstein Gottorp so called from Gottorp a Castle near Sleswick in Holstein began with Adolph
another goodly Town by the Sea-side which is called Calemburg In the South Parts of the Island you will find Schelsoer Newsted and Warburg or Warimburg in which last King Charles set his first Footing in Seland in his first Expedition There is also Koge a fortified Place by the Sea-side about Ten miles South-west of Copenhagen Lastly they reckon in this Island no less than 340 Villages Funen or Fuinen Lat. Fionia is the next Island both for bigness and goodness and much like that of an orbicular form It lies between Seland and Jutland parted from that by the great Belt and from this by the little Belt It is about Ten German miles long and Eight broad every where Pleasant and Fruitful There are in it several good Towns four Royal Castles and 264 Villages besides Gentlemens Houses The principal Town of all is Odensee seated in the very midst of the Island half way betwixt Nyburg on the East and Middelfare on the West Built by King Harald and so named from Otho I. Emperour of Germany 'T was near this Place that Count Guldenlew the late King of Denmarks natural Son now Viceroy of Norway was overtaken being sick in his Coach by Charles King of Sweden in his first Expedition in these Parts And in the Town it self he surprised five Danish Senators and several other Fugitives Which brought the whole Island into such a Consternation that he became presently the absolute Master of this wealthy Province and the whole Power of the Enemy in it Which consisted of well nigh 5000 Souldiers and Armed Boors 60 pieces of Cannon and great Magazines of all sort of Military Provisions The next Town of note is Nyburg or Newburg upon the great Belt opposite to Corsoer in Seland which is the usual Passage from the one Island to the other Nybourg is furnished with a good capacious Port and fortify'd with a Castle Here is besides Cartemund Bouvens Middelfare Assens Vobourg and Swenburg all of them seated on some Haven or convenient Creek Amongst which Middelfare which lies on the little Belt opposite to Nybourg on the great Belt is a Place of good note from whence the little Belt is also called the Middelfare Belt Besides the Royal Castle of Nybourg there are three other Castles viz. of Hagenschow Hinsgagel and Escheburg Not far from the first of these Castles is the Mountain of Ossenberg where John Rantzovius Anno 1530. defeated the great Army of Christopher the Brother of Anthony Earl of Oldenburg coming in those unsetled times to invade the Kingdom under colour of restoring Christiern II. formerly deposed In which Fight the Earls of Hoye and Tecklemburg were both slain in the place and the Kingdom after that in quiet from the like Pretenders Of the lesser Islands of DENMARK viz. Mone Falster Laland Langeland Alsen Femeren Bornholm and others of less note in the Baltick IN the time of Pomponius Mela says Heylin most of the chief Islands of Denmark were by one general Name called the Hemodes reckoned to be seven Whereas Cluverius and Sanson are of Opinion that the Ancients meant by the Hemodes the Isles of Schetland some Leagues North of Scotland and about the same Latitude as Bergen in Norway But to wave that let us now take a Survey of the lesser Islands of Denmark Mone Faster and Laland lye pretty close together South of Seland from which parted by a narrow Streight called Grone-sund And as Falster is bigger than Mone so Laland is bigger than Falster Mone or Meun is an Island about twelve miles long and six broad the chief Place whereof is Stekoe The Swedish Forces that attempted it in April 1659 while the Siege laid before Copenhagen found here greater Resistance than in any of the other Islands Falster lies South-west from Mone and is a plentiful Island Nicoping is the chief Town herein which for the neatness of the Place and pleasantness of the Situation is called the Naples of Denmark But this Island in the time of the Swedish War run the same fortune with the rest and was by the Swedes taken from the right Owner Laland the largest and fruitfullest of all these Islands lies South-west of Falster The chief Place thereof is Naskow a Town well fortify'd which held out most stoutly against the Swedes when they entred this Island in April 1659. But at last wanting Powder and hopeless of Relief the Garrison was forced to surrender Langeland is a long but narrow Island that lies within few miles East-Southward of Funen It reaches in length from North to South almost seven German miles and not above two in breadth from East to West Here is the Town Rudcoping and the Castle of Traneker The Swedes took this Island in the Month of March 1659. under the Conduct of Field-Marshal Wrangel and here they began that year the Conquest of these Islands Which being the Granary's and Store-houses of Copenhagen afforded still fresh Supplies to it And therefore King Charles seeing no way of conquering Copenhagen but by the Conquest of these Isles resolved to attempt them Which he did successfully Alsen is situate near the Eastern Coast of Sleswick in Jutland An Isle well stored with Beasts for Profit and Game for Pleasure Here is the Castle of Norburg in the North Parts of the Island and the stately Castle of Sunderburg Southward Which last gives the Name to a Branch of the Royal Family of Denmark the Duke of Holstein Sunderburg This Island was taken by Wrangel next to Langland At last having landed his Men he took the Castle of Norburg by Storm but he assaulted Sunderburg thrice in vain Therefore he quitted the Island again and having pillaged the Coasts of Sleswick in his way returned with his Prisoners and Prey to Funen Femeren is another of these fruitful Islands and the most Southern of all being situate near the Coast of Holstein Here is Borg and Stubern Bornholm is a considerable Island and the last of all the Baltick which belong to Denmark The same is situate more Eastward towards the farthest Parts of Bleking in Schonen An Isle of excellent Pasturage breeding plenty of Cattel Here is a goodly Town called Nex and a strong Castle named Sandhamer This Island was formerly pawned to the Lubeckers who had it in their Possession about fifty years but King Frederick II. redeemed it By the Treaty of Roschild it was left to the Swedes But the King of Denmark has recovered it since by giving an Equivalent of Royal Demeans in Schonen Besides the foresaid Islands which are the most considerable next to Seland and Funen and as many Jewels to the Crown of Denmark there are many others of less note and bigness About Seland there is first Amag or Amager lying on the South-east side of Copenhagen and containing that Part of it which is called the New Town The Island is about six English miles long and four broad and may be called the City's Store-house For it furnishes its Markets abundantly with Meat
Butter Cheese Hares domestick Fowl and all sorts of Kitchin Herbs There are in it several Villages inhabited partly by Danes and partly by Dutch The latter planted here above 150 years since by the Procurement of King Christiern II. who got them hither out of North-Holland to make Butter and Cheese as being most skilful in that mistery When the Swedes lay before Copenhagen in their last Expedition these Islanders got leave of King Frederick to live at their own Houses with their Provisions and Cattel upon their Promises to gard the Avenues of the Island and Assurance that they could not be so surprised but they should have time enough to retire and send their Cattel and Provisions with their Wives and Children before-hand into the Town This my Historian calls an unseasonable Indulgence of the King and it proved accordingly For the Swedes came upon the Islanders before they were aware so that they had scarce time to save their Persons and their Cattel But the Swedes Stay in the Island was not long For King Charles having received certain Intelligence that the Dutch Fleet was coming for the Relief of Denmark quitted his present Design with a Resolution to oppose the Advance of these Succors Whereupon lest the Danes should over-much rejoyce at his Departure he commanded all the Villages and Houses to be pillaged and burnt A sad Spectacle for the Danes who beheld it from their Walls and Towers with much Regret But the King knowing Bewailings were fruitless resolved to revenge this Violence The Opportunity was fair the Swedes being at that time dispersed through the Island and intent only upon their Plunderings Therefore the King himself marched out with his own Guards besides 250 Horse a few Dragoons and a good Troop for the Reserve some of the nimblest Foot having got up behind the Troopers There marched out likewise four light Field-pieces drawn each of them by single Horses The Senators who were present would have disswaded the King from hazarding his Person in whose Safety their All did consist But his Majesty knowing of what moment the Presence of Princes is in such Encounters and hearing besides that the King of Sweden was in the Isle in Person presently clap'd Spurs to his Horse and continued his way The Swedes being alarmed with this Appearance drew into a Body near a Village called the Hollands Dorp and were not in all above 400 Men that is 300 Horse and 100 Foot The Danes finding them in this Posture charged them bravely and after some Resistance broke and routed them Nay Sir Roger Manley does not stick to say that if they had pursued them closely they had in probability taken or slain King Charles himself Who together with the Prince of Sulzbach and Wrangel were forced to a hasty Retreat leaving above 100 of their Men behind them upon the Place But the Danes content with this Victory and loth to indanger the losing on 't by pursuing it returned in Triumph into the Town their Slain and Wounded not exceeding thirty This Passage of the Wars I thought fit to insert as much to exalt the personal Valour of King Frederick as because it is so rare to see one King thus in chase of another North of Amag towards Elsinor there is a little Island called Ween not above three miles long and one broad Remarkable only for the Studies of that famous Astronomer Tycho Brahe To whom Frederick II. gave this Island that living in a private and solitary Place removed from all Company but his own Family only he might with more convenience attend his Books At this day most observable for the Castle of Vraniborg where the greatest part of his Mathematical Instruments are safely preserved Turning westward about Seland you will find a parcel of little Islands called Haselo Siroo Musholm c. of which nothing memorable Spro lies half way betwixt Seland and Funen South of Funen towards Langeland there are indeed two goodly Islands the one called Tassing and the other Aroe More to the Westward you will find Hellenis Barso Aroe the lesser Boko and Brandso North-east of Funen is Rompso Further Northward Samsoo a pretty large Island then Endelo Lillo and towards the Scau Lesso Lastly in the Ocean you have Heiligeland Nortstrand Fora Sylt Rom and Fanoe six pretty large Islands if compared with these intermix'd viz. Suderong Hoge Amrom Mandoe c. Of the DANES And first of their Origine Complexion Language Manners and Religion SOme Men are so fond of Antiquity that they care not how fabulous they make their Pedigree if it be but far-fetched Accordingly some Danes have endeavoured to make the World believe that they were so called from Dan a supposed King who reigned in these Parts above 1000 years before the Birth of our Saviour And who should this King Dan come from but from Dan the Son of Jacob For my part I should rather think it more probable that the Danes took their Name from Sinus Codanus the ancient name of the Baltick their neighbouring Sea However they were so called certain it is that the first Inhabitants of Denmark and chiefly of Jutland were the Cimbri from whom that Peninsule was called Cimbrica Chersonesus Which Cimbri says Heylin were originally descended from Gomer the Son of Japhet thence called Gomerii and Cimmerii by Contraction Cimbri Leaving the Plains of Phrygia as too narrow for them they sought out new Dwellings and are said to have first dwelt on the Banks of Palus Maeotis where they gave name to the Bosphorus Cimmerius Being overcome by the Scythians they removed their Seats more Northward and came at last to this Peninsule Where being grown perhaps too populous for so small a Country they resolved to seek for another with the Sword in their hands Receiving as they did as many as would joyn with them they swelled to such a number that Plutarch says their Army consisted of 300 thousand fighting Men besides Women and Children which exceeded that number They forced their way through Germany and France to pass over into Italy The Romans sent Armies to prevent their coming which were beaten by the Cimbri Manlius Sillanus and Caepio all Roman Consuls perished by them And actum esset says Florus de Imperio Romano nisi illi saeculo Marius contigisset there had been an end of the Roman Empire if Marius had not stood for it Who not willing to venture on the Enemy united and lately fleshed in the Overthrow of Manlius and Caepio permitted them quietly to pass by his Camp So that the Barbarians who imputed it to fear or cowardize scornfully ask'd his Souldiers What Service they would command them to Rome But Marius soon after stopped them in their Career when for their easier Passage over the Alps they had divided themselves into three several Bodies Then falling upon them severally he destroy'd them all They were a People of extraordinary big Stature having blew and red Eyes and living so upon Theft that for their sakes the