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issue_v
concedo_fw-la g._n de_fw-fr m._n pro_fw-la servitio_fw-la svo_fw-la &_o heredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la post_fw-la eum_fw-la hereditabiliter_fw-la ut_fw-la sit_fw-la comes_fw-la de_fw-fr essexia_n &_o habeat_fw-la tertium_fw-la denariorum_fw-la vicecomitatus_fw-la de_fw-la placitis_fw-la sicut_fw-la comes_fw-la habere_fw-la debet_fw-la in_o comitatu_fw-la svo_fw-la so_o here_o be_v both_o the_o honour_n the_o service_n and_o the_o reward_v mention_v in_o less_o than_o thirty_o word_n there_o be_v nothing_o allege_v for_o the_o length_n of_o these_o patent_n but_o that_o the_o latter_a age_n as_o it_o be_v say_v be_v more_o cautious_a than_o the_o former_a and_o that_o abundans_fw-la cautela_fw-la say_v we_o non_fw-la nocet_fw-la which_o occasion_n a_o abundance_n of_o word_n more_o than_o ancient_o be_v in_o use_n as_o to_o the_o sinalness_n of_o the_o creation-money_n those_o who_o have_v take_v pain_n in_o write_v about_o raise_v of_o the_o price_n of_o money_n both_o gold_n and_o silver_n since_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n tell_v we_o that_o there_o be_v three_o way_n of_o raise_v it_o first_o by_o increase_a the_o value_n of_o it_o that_o be_v by_o give_v more_o part_n to_o it_o than_o original_o it_o have_v as_o by_o ordain_v a_o angel_n of_o gold_n to_o be_v value_v at_o a_o 11_o s._n which_o be_v coin_v for_o 10_o s._n or_o a_o shilling_n to_o be_v value_v at_o 14_o d._n the_o second_o by_o diminish_v the_o matter_n but_o leave_v the_o same_o name_n and_o value_v to_o the_o money_n which_o it_o have_v before_o as_o when_o angel_n or_o shilling_n be_v coin_v by_o the_o same_o name_n and_o value_v as_o before_o but_o diminish_v some_o grain_n in_o the_o weight_n or_o if_o new_a name_n be_v give_v to_o they_o and_o the_o same_o value_n retain_v but_o the_o weight_n diminish_v for_o in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v real_o less_o gold_n or_o silver_n in_o weight_n in_o the_o price_n than_o be_v before_o and_o the_o value_n remain_v the_o same_o this_o silver_n and_o gold_n which_o remain_v have_v a_o high_a price_n set_v upon_o it_o the_o three_o be_v when_o the_o value_n remain_v the_o same_o of_o the_o species_n of_o money_n and_o the_o weight_n the_o same_o the_o fineness_n be_v abate_v by_o put_v more_o alloy_n to_o it_o so_o as_o real_o then_o there_o be_v less_o gold_n or_o silver_n in_o fineness_n for_o it_o be_v supply_v by_o copper_n which_o be_v usual_o the_o alloy_n to_o either_o whereby_o the_o weight_n be_v make_v the_o same_o as_o before_o but_o the_o fineness_n so_o much_o less_o they_o further_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o allay_v be_v first_o the_o gain_n which_o the_o state_n make_v by_o it_o the_o better_a to_o supply_v themselves_o in_o their_o necessity_n for_o money_n the_o other_o cause_o be_v a_o art_n which_o all_o state_n do_v frequent_o use_v as_o it_o be_v to_o rob_v one_o another_o of_o their_o money_n by_o vie_v one_o upon_o another_o who_o shall_v raise_v their_o money_n high_a and_o this_o occasion_n the_o raise_v and_o fall_v of_o exchange_n of_o money_n among_o our_o merchant_n which_o be_v a_o mystery_n worth_a the_o know_n by_o every_o one_o that_o serve_v in_o parliament_n thereby_o to_o prevent_v injury_n and_o to_o maintain_v the_o honour_n and_o profit_n of_o our_o kingdom_n but_o whatever_o uncertainty_n be_v in_o the_o raise_v or_o fall_v of_o money_n this_o be_v certain_a that_o 20_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o those_o day_n do_v go_v as_o far_o if_o not_o far_a in_o manage_v man_n occasion_n where_o money_n be_v to_o be_v use_v as_o 200_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la now_o and_o one_o great_a reason_n be_v because_o in_o almost_o all_o matter_n of_o war_n or_o peace_n the_o tenant_n be_v oblige_v by_o their_o tenor_n to_o supply_v their_o lord_n especial_o in_o provision_n for_o hospitality_n and_o labour_n without_o wage_n or_o very_o little_a so_o as_o a_o little_a money_n be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o great_a reward_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o tenure_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o carlton_n in_o norfolk_n who_o be_v oblige_v every_o year_n with_o himself_o and_o his_o servant_n to_o present_v to_o the_o king_n a_o certain_a number_n of_o herring_n from_o the_o city_n of_o norwich_n with_o which_o the_o town_n of_o tarmouth_n be_v oblige_v by_o their_o patent_n to_o supply_v that_o city_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o after_o three_o day_n stay_v upon_o delivery_n of_o the_o herring_n to_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n of_o carlton_n be_v to_o be_v present_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o green-cloth_n with_o a_o groat_n to_o buy_v he_o a_o pair_n of_o glove_n as_o a_o full_a recompense_n of_o his_o trouble_n and_o this_o continue_v to_o this_o day_n so_o as_o if_o we_o look_v upon_o the_o gift_n of_o 20_o mark_v or_o 20_o l._n according_a to_o the_o present_a adequation_n of_o money_n to_o the_o rate_n of_o other_o thing_n it_o may_v seem_v a_o sum_n derogatory_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n that_o give_v it_o as_o to_o he_o that_o receive_v it_o and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v consider_v as_o the_o groat_n a_o gift_n of_o antiquity_n noble_a and_o liberal_a in_o its_o first_o intention_n but_o have_v the_o large_a encomium_n to_o it_o before_o recite_v be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o gift_n i_o shall_v not_o at_o this_o time_n have_v take_v notice_n of_o its_o exuberancy_n however_o in_o pursuance_n of_o my_o design_n these_o patent_n of_o creation_n do_v entitle_v they_o where_o to_o sit_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n etc._n etc._n thus_o have_v do_v with_o the_o patent_n which_o concern_v the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a i_o intend_v to_o have_v write_v something_o here_o concern_v the_o antiquity_n and_o present_a use_n of_o seal_n and_o label_n to_o patent_n and_o writ_n and_o of_o various_a superscription_n to_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o etc._n etc._n as_o also_o of_o wax_n parchment_n etc._n etc._n as_o necessary_a utensil_n for_o carry_v on_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o parliament_n but_o i_o shall_v reserve_v the_o discourse_n of_o they_o till_o i_o have_v pass_v through_o the_o parliament-writ_n as_o well_o concern_v the_o house_n of_o lord_n as_o house_n of_o commons_o and_o convocation-house_n and_o so_o now_o proceed_v to_o the_o general_a title_n give_v to_o the_o grandee_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n viz._n noble_n lord_n and_o peer_n chap._n xi_o of_o noble_n lord_n and_o peer_n i_o have_v pass_v through_o the_o four_o first_o exemplar_n writ_n in_o the_o pawn_n concern_v the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o lord_n temporal_a and_o give_v a_o account_n also_o of_o so_o much_o of_o their_o patent_n of_o creation_n as_o relate_v to_o parliament_n but_o in_o respect_n these_o noble_n be_v sometime_o call_v lord_n and_o sometime_o peer_n and_o thereupon_o the_o very_a place_n where_o they_o sit_v in_o their_o high_a judicatory_a be_v call_v the_o house_n of_o lord_n or_o house_n of_o peer_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o hint_n some_o few_o memorial_n before_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o five_o exemplar_n of_o assistant_n writ_n 1._o it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o inspector_n of_o word_n that_o lord_n and_o peer_n be_v of_o the_o same_o signification_n with_o we_o that_o domini_fw-la and_o pares_fw-la have_v with_o the_o old_a roman_n so_o as_o we_o and_o the_o french_a be_v equal_o behold_v to_o the_o latin_a for_o they_o but_o when_o the_o word_n dominus_fw-la be_v change_v into_o the_o word_n lord_n have_v no_o more_o affinity_n of_o sound_n or_o orthography_n than_o come_v and_o earl_n or_o when_o pares_fw-la into_o proceres_fw-la of_o a_o near_a sound_n may_v be_v a_o question_n but_o it_o may_v be_v sufficient_o evident_a that_o the_o word_n lord_n be_v the_o abbreviation_n of_o loverd_a which_o the_o saxon_n at_o their_o first_o come_n about_o the_o year_n 448._o use_v here_o instead_o of_o dominus_fw-la 2._o as_o for_o the_o word_n peer_n we_o common_o use_v it_o as_o signify_v a_o defence_n as_o dover-peer_n and_o yarmouth-peer_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v from_o petra_n a_o rock_n which_o the_o french_a write_n pierre_n and_o we_o peer_n these_o artificial_a peer_n be_v make_v in_o imitation_n of_o rock_n to_o defend_v the_o land_n against_o inundation_n and_o it_o may_v very_o apt_o allude_v to_o the_o noble_a peer_n in_o parliament_n who_o be_v the_o rock_n or_o peer_n of_o our_o safety_n 3._o to_o pass_v this_o it_o be_v allow_v that_o pares_fw-la in_o latin_a pair_n in_o french_a and_o peer_n in_o our_o english_a dialect_n be_v all_o three_o word_n of_o the_o same_o sense_n signify_v parity_n or_o equality_n and_o as_o the_o french_a have_v it_o from_o the_o roman_n by_o who_o they_o be_v call_v pares_fw-la curiae_fw-la viz._n qui_fw-la ab_fw-la eodem_fw-la domino_fw-la feudum_fw-la retinent_fw-la so_o we_o have_v it_o from_o the_o french_a who_o
of_o commons_o etc._n etc._n these_o patent_n writ_n have_v no_o other_o appellation_n than_o literal_a or_o letter_n patent_n as_o i_o say_v but_o the_o parliamentary_a close_a writ_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o title_n viz._n exemplar_n and_o consimilar_n and_o though_o the_o word_n exemplar_n be_v not_o use_v in_o the_o pawn_n yet_o the_o word_n consimile_n be_v constant_o use_v there_o which_o do_v imply_v a_o exemplar_n the_o exemplar_n be_v writ_n set_v down_o at_o large_a in_o the_o pawn_n and_o the_o consimilar_n be_v writ_n not_o insert_v in_o the_o pawn_n and_o yet_o be_v to_o have_v a_o consimilitude_n with_o their_o exemplar_n the_o exemplar_n be_v so_o make_v upon_o some_o extraordinary_a reason_n as_o will_v be_v show_v hereafter_o as_o for_o those_o writ_n which_o concern_v the_o house_n of_o lord_n of_o which_o i_o only_o treat_v in_o this_o first_o part_n as_o they_o be_v more_o in_o number_n than_o any_o of_o the_o other_o house_n not_o include_v derivative_a writ_n precept_n or_o citation_n so_o they_o be_v of_o a_o more_o nice_a nature_n in_o respect_n as_o i_o say_v they_o be_v personal_a for_o a_o distinct_a writ_n be_v to_o be_v provide_v for_o every_o individual_a lord_n sit_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n but_o not_o so_o in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o or_o low_a convocation_n as_o will_v be_v show_v and_o though_o the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o writ_n in_o those_o concern_v the_o lord_n house_n do_v differ_v but_o little_a from_o the_o writ_n of_o former_a king_n or_o from_o those_o of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o yet_o the_o title_n do_v very_o much_o vary_v in_o every_o parliament_n partly_o by_o the_o new_a creation_n of_o baron_n partly_o in_o their_o ascension_n from_o baron_n to_o high_a degree_n and_o partly_o by_o split_v of_o title_n upon_o extinction_n of_o family_n and_o for_o other_o cause_n they_o be_v in_o few_o year_n subject_a to_o variation_n in_o title_n wherein_o every_o lord_n be_v exact_a in_o have_v his_o due_n and_o therefore_o some_o of_o the_o herald_n as_o i_o say_v according_a to_o the_o several_a district_n of_o the_o kingdom_n under_o their_o management_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v consult_v with_o that_o the_o clerk_n may_v commit_v no_o mistake_n either_o in_o their_o title_n of_o grace_n and_o favour_n or_o in_o their_o title_n of_o right_n and_o concession_n before_o the_o writ_n be_v seal_v and_o the_o not_o effectual_a do_v this_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v may_v occasion_v some_o mistake_n and_o difference_n between_o the_o exemplar_n and_o consimilary_n writ_n in_o point_n of_o title_n as_o will_v be_v show_v the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o writ_n as_o well_o in_o exemplar_n as_o consimilar_n which_o concern_v not_o the_o title_n of_o the_o peer_n be_v the_o same_o both_o in_o the_o declaratory_a and_o mandatory_a part_n except_o some_o few_o word_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n in_o my_o proceed_n and_o herein_o i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v myself_o with_o show_v what_o reason_n be_v give_v in_o some_o writ_n for_o summon_v a_o parliament_n or_o what_o in_o other_o or_o the_o reason_n of_o those_o reason_n and_o why_o in_o some_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n give_v only_o a_o short_a mandamus_fw-la all_o writ_n at_o large_a recite_v in_o this_o and_o all_o former_a pawn_n be_v the_o exemplar_n of_o all_o other_o writ_n of_o summons_n for_o a_o parliament_n which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o respective_a pawn_n whereby_o these_o in_o this_o pawn_n with_o the_o addition_n of_o the_o bishop_n exemplar_n writ_n which_o be_v enter_v in_o all_o former_a pawn_n do_v and_o do_v now_o make_v 12_o exemplar_n but_o the_o writ_n which_o be_v not_o recite_v in_o this_o and_o former_a pawn_n which_o i_o term_v consimilar_n at_o the_o call_n this_o parliament_n be_v in_o all_o 262._o some_o of_o the_o 12_o be_v exemplar_n and_o other_o writ_n have_v a_o consimilitude_n to_o they_o yet_o have_v no_o positive_a consimilar_n appoint_v they_o whereof_o there_o be_v but_o three_o viz._n one_o to_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n in_o the_o lord_n house_n and_o to_o the_o two_o palatine_n in_o the_o commons_o all_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n both_o exemplar_n and_o consimilar_n be_v personal_n and_o local_a but_o all_o writ_n of_o summons_n for_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v only_o local_a these_o 12_o exemplar_n be_v in_o this_o follow_a method_n state_v with_o their_o consimilar_n viz._n those_o 5_o for_o the_o lord_n house_n be_v  _fw-fr  _fw-fr exemplar_n  _fw-fr consimilar_v i._o to_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n 1_o  _fw-fr 1_o ii_o to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 1_o  _fw-fr 25_o iii_o to_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n 1_o  _fw-fr 0_o iu._n to_o the_o earl_n of_o southampton_a l._n treasurer_n 1_o in_o this_o parliament_n 3_o dukes_z 4_o marque_n 55_o earl_n 8_o visc_n 68_o baron_n 138_o v._n to_o the_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n 1_o  _fw-fr 15_o so_o there_o be_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n 5_o exemplar_n writ_n and_o 179_o consimilar_n in_o all_o 184._o the_o remain_a exemplar_n writ_n relate_v to_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v 7._o of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v more_o in_o the_o next_o part_n of_o this_o treatise_n viz._n vi_o to_o cornwall_n 1_o  _fw-fr 4_o vii_o to_o cambridge_n 1_o  _fw-fr 1_o viii_o to_o london_n 1_o  _fw-fr 18_o ix_o to_o dover_n 1_o cinqport_n 7_o x._o to_o lancaster_n 1_o  _fw-fr 0_o xi_o to_o chester_n 1_o  _fw-fr 0_o xii_o to_o carmarthen_n 1_o wales_n 11_o so_o there_o be_v for_o the_o commons_o house_n 7_o exemplar_n and_o 73_o consimilar_n in_o all_o 80_o writ_n in_o both_o house_n 264_o so_o many_o exemplar_n and_o consimilar_v writ_n be_v issue_v to_o constitute_v this_o parliament_n an._n 1661._o in_o the_o lord_n house_n to_o country_n shire_n and_o comitate_v city_n and_o town_n in_o the_o commons_o house_n whereof_o some_o year_n after_o its_o sit_v one_o exemplar_n and_o one_o consimilar_v be_v issue_v for_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o writ_n for_o city_n town_n and_o burrough_n not_o comitate_v of_o which_o i_o shall_v give_v a_o account_n do_v lose_v their_o name_n of_o consimilar_n when_o the_o exemplar_n writ_n do_v come_v to_o the_o respective_a sheriff_n for_o than_o they_o pass_v from_o the_o respective_a sheriff_n under_o the_o title_n of_o precept_n or_o derivative-writ_n as_o shall_v be_v more_o full_o discourse_v of_o in_o the_o second_o part_n where_o i_o treat_v of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o now_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o act_n of_o precedency_n and_o give_v a_o short_a description_n of_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v summon_v for_o the_o lords-house_n only_o because_o i_o speak_v more_o ample_o of_o their_o individual-writ_n whereby_o they_o be_v summon_v chap._n iii_o of_o precedency_n have_v show_v the_o king_n warrant_n and_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n and_o the_o record_n make_v up_o in_o the_o pettibag_n call_v the_o parliament_n pawn_n and_o give_v a_o touch_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o writ_n in_o general_a and_o in_o particular_a of_o parliamentary_a writ_n of_o summons_n consist_v of_o writ_n exemplar_n and_o consimilar_v as_o also_o a_o hint_n of_o precept_n or_o derivative-writ_n from_o those_o exemplar_n which_o be_v to_o be_v more_o full_o treat_v of_o in_o the_o 2d_o part_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o act_n of_o 31_o of_o hen._n the_o 8_o concern_v precedency_n in_o the_o lord_n house_n occasion_v from_o the_o defect_n or_o long_a disusage_n of_o pawn_n or_o other_o state_n reason_n for_o there_o be_v no_o pawn_n extant_a but_o as_o i_o say_v from_o the_o 21_o of_o hen._n the_o 8_o to_o this_o time_n the_o other_o be_v by_o endorsment_n etc._n etc._n on_o the_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n or_o roll_n chapel_n our_o king_n hen._n the_o 8_o do_v make_v this_o act_n of_o precedency_n which_o have_v its_o chief_a reference_n to_o the_o time_n when_o a_o parliament_n be_v sit_v and_o so_o not_o proper_a to_o be_v insert_v in_o this_o place_n see_v my_o design_n in_o this_o first_o part_n be_v to_o treat_v of_o matter_n previous_a to_o a_o parliament_n before_o i_o speak_v of_o matter_n sedente_fw-la parliamento_fw-la yet_o it_o may_v be_v allow_v in_o respect_n i_o make_v no_o other_o present_a use_n of_o it_o than_o to_o inlighten_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o character_n of_o such_o person_n and_o degree_n as_o be_v to_o have_v writ_n of_o summons_n to_o sit_v there_o according_a to_o that_o act_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v first_o show_v a_o transcript_n of_o that_o act_n than_o some_o observation_n upon_o it_o and_o then_o give_v some_o short_a discourse_n of_o the_o noble_a degree_n therein_o mention_v in_o order_n to_o their_o writ_n which_o shall_v distinct_o follow_v the_o
the_o second_o to_o make_v robert_n d'vere_v the_o first_o marquis_n of_o england_n by_o creation_n and_o hereby_o the_o dispute_n between_o the_o two_o title_n of_o duke_n and_o earl_n or_o come_v be_v settle_v both_o in_o the_o empire_n in_o france_n and_o in_o england_n by_o the_o interpose_a title_n of_o marquis_n 2._o from_o whence_o this_o title_n be_v derive_v there_o be_v several_a conjecture_n but_o most_o agree_v that_o it_o come_v from_o marken_n or_o mark_v or_o march_v high_a dutch_a word_n signify_v with_o they_o as_o with_o we_o a_o mark_n or_o limit_v and_o from_o thence_o he_o that_o be_v depute_v governor_n of_o that_o limit_v or_o mark_v which_o he_o be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o and_o preserve_v be_v call_v a_o march_n or_o marquis_n and_o the_o territory_n under_o his_o jurisdiction_n a_o marquisate_n and_o to_o this_o day_n the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o mark_n or_o march_n viz._n altemark_a or_o old_a march_n cosm_n heylin_n cosm_n the_o middle_a mark_n and_o the_o new_a mark_n or_o march_n and_o we_o in_o england_n do_v still_o call_v such_o kind_n of_o limit_n by_o the_o name_n of_o mark_n or_o march_n viz._n the_o march_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o march_n of_o scotland_n which_o be_v frontier_n to_o be_v defend_v against_o the_o scot_n and_o welsh_a and_o some_o will_v derive_v marquis_n from_o mare_n the_o sea_n because_o their_o marken_n or_o limit_n be_v juxta_fw-la mare_fw-la posita_fw-la and_o the_o learned_a selden_n in_o his_o title_n of_o honour_n like_v it_o well_o enough_o that_o marquis_n shall_v be_v derive_v from_o marken_n but_o not_o marken_n from_o mare_n 3._o but_o i_o must_v not_o ravil_v into_o dispute_n of_o this_o nature_n and_o therefore_o shall_v refer_v they_o to_o his_o book_n and_o my_o annotation_n and_o conclude_v this_o section_n with_o this_o that_o as_o most_o surname_n be_v derive_v from_o some_o significant_a word_n or_o word_n so_o these_o noble_a title_n without_o derogation_n to_o their_o other_o title_n be_v from_o some_o signal_n action_n as_o a_o duke_n from_o lead_v a_o army_n a_o marquis_n from_o maris_n acquisitio_fw-la a_o gain_v something_o from_o the_o sea_n or_o preserve_v something_o against_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o of_o the_o other_o title_n as_o will_v be_v show_v and_o thereupon_o have_v condignal_n honour_n confer_v on_o they_o to_o testify_v their_o employment_n which_o be_v since_o as_o memorial_n of_o their_o merit_n therein_o become_v hereditary_a 4._o four_o marquess_n be_v summon_v 18_o feb._n 1661._o as_o in_o the_o pawn_n vide_fw-la cap._n 2._o sect_n iv_o of_o earl_n the_o learned_a selden_n tell_v we_o i._o obs_n i._o as_o i_o have_v show_v that_o the_o title_n of_o duke_n and_o count_n or_o earl_n be_v promiscuous_o use_v as_o well_o in_o foreign_a part_n as_o in_o england_n till_o the_o title_n of_o marquis_n be_v interpose_v and_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o come_v be_v the_o latin_a word_n for_o count_n in_o whatever_o territory_n that_o word_n be_v use_v and_o that_o count_n be_v derive_v from_o commitatus_fw-la or_o county_n and_o comitatus_fw-la from_o committo_fw-la denote_v the_o particular_a county_n commit_v to_o his_o care_n and_o vice_fw-la versa_fw-la committo_fw-la beget_v comitatus_fw-la or_o county_n and_o comitatus_fw-la comes_fw-la a_o count_n i._n e._n earl_n of_o these_o count_n the_o learned_a selden_n reckon_v but_o 6_o sort_n viz._n the_o single_a count_n who_o have_v no_o addition_n but_o his_o christian_a name_n 2d_o count_n palatine_n from_o palatium_n or_o some_o palace_n in_o it_o 3d._a count_n of_o the_o empire_n four_o count_n of_o frontier_n where_o the_o title_n of_o marquis_n be_v also_o use_v instead_o of_o count_n 5_o count_n of_o province_n or_o county_n join_v which_o in_o foreign_a part_n be_v call_v landgraves_n the_o word_n grave_a and_o come_v signify_v the_o same_o title_n and_o 6_o count_n of_o city_n or_o town_n and_o these_o latter_a as_o in_o england_n be_v call_v comites_fw-la castrenses_fw-la or_o burgraves_n or_o count_n of_o castle_n or_o burrough_n all_o which_o be_v more_o full_o describe_v in_o his_o second_o book_n but_o i_o find_v that_o cassiodorus_n in_o his_o 6_o book_n mention_n 22_o sort_n more_o than_o mr._n selden_n of_o which_o 6_o of_o mr._n selden'_v or_o 28_o of_o cassiodorus_n we_o in_o england_n retain_v but_o few_o viz._n a_o count_n of_o a_o county_n as_o algernonus_n comes_fw-la northumbriae_fw-la a_o count_n of_o a_o city_n as_o albericus_n or_o awbry_n comes_fw-la oxoniae_fw-la or_o oxford_n and_o guilelmus_fw-la comes_fw-la novi_fw-la castri_fw-la or_o new_a castle_n upon_o tine_n be_v both_o a_o castle_n and_o burrough_n 3._o all_o the_o curiosity_n lie_v in_o find_v out_o how_o come_v or_o count_n happen_v to_o be_v transmut_v into_o the_o word_n earl_n so_o much_o different_a in_o pronunciation_n and_o orthography_n from_o each_o other_o and_o yet_o as_o we_o say_v be_v the_o same_o in_o substance_n 4._o now_o it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o believe_v as_o i_o have_v show_v that_o duke_n be_v derive_v from_o duco_n and_o marquis_n from_o mare_n but_o earl_n from_o comes_n or_o count_n be_v not_o so_o intelligible_a but_o this_o may_v be_v say_v that_o the_o saxon_n from_o who_o we_o borrow_v this_o word_n earl_n do_v use_v it_o as_o a_o word_n of_o honour_n and_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n with_o comes_n for_o they_o do_v call_v their_o chief_a governor_n of_o shire_n of_o which_o many_o of_o our_o county_n still_o retain_v that_o name_n as_o will_v be_v show_v and_o of_o city_n and_o burrough_n by_o the_o name_n of_o earlderman_n and_o for_o a_o more_o easy_a pronounciation_n ealderman_n and_o after_o alderman_n and_o for_o brevity_n earl_n and_o the_o dane_n after_o they_o earlan_n and_o common_o the_o earlan_n or_o earl_n have_v a_o shire_n or_o more_o for_o his_o earldom_n and_o the_o number_n of_o earl_n increase_v some_o have_v part_n of_o a_o shire_n other_o some_o chief_a town_n of_o which_o he_o be_v make_v earl_n or_o earldermanus_n and_o whatever_o other_o etymologer_n say_v of_o which_o i_o can_v speak_v more_o free_o in_o my_o annotation_n i_o conceive_v the_o dominion_n of_o those_o earl_n be_v allot_v near_o some_o spread_a river_n in_o fenny-country_n which_o be_v to_o this_o day_n call_v eas_fw-la and_o those_o inland_a isle_n which_o we_o now_o write_v island_n dugdale_n sir_n william_n dugdale_n and_o some_o corrupt_o call_v eye_n be_v ancient_o write_v ealands_n as_o rumen-ea_a now_o rumney-marsh_n in_o kent_n and_o ely_n a_o island_n in_o cambridgeshire_n be_v ancient_o write_v ealand_n and_o so_o worrel_n island_n near_a chester_n sometime_o call_v ealand_n and_o sometime_o island_n and_o i_o can_v reckon_v up_o what_o i_o have_v see_v in_o cambridgeshire_n and_o lincolnshire_n at_o least_o 40_o ancient_a cut_n and_o sewer_n of_o water_n which_o still_o be_v call_v and_o write_v by_o the_o name_n of_o ea_fw-la viz._n boston_n ea_fw-la in_o lincolnshire_n popham_n ea_fw-la in_o northhamptonshire_n signify_v great_a water_n in_o those_o place_n and_o many_o more_o may_v be_v instance_a to_o prove_v that_o as_o marquis_n may_v safe_o be_v derive_v from_o mare_n as_o denote_v one_o that_o have_v the_o guard_n of_o the_o inundation_n from_o saltwaters_n so_o earl_n may_v as_o safe_o be_v derive_v from_o ea_fw-la or_o one_o that_o have_v the_o guard_n and_o care_n against_o the_o inland_a inundation_n of_o fresh_a water_n and_o some_o observe_v that_o this_o word_n ea_z be_v still_o retain_v in_o most_o of_o those_o county_n which_o be_v entitle_v shire_n or_o border_v on_o those_o shire_n shire_n be_v a_o saxon_a word_n as_o will_v be_v show_v but_o in_o other_o county_n which_o be_v not_o call_v shire_n the_o word_n ea_fw-la be_v scarce_o know_v so_o as_o come_v or_o count_n be_v use_v in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v call_v county_n and_o earl_n in_o such_o as_o be_v call_v shire_n 5._o this_o tutelage_n of_o ground_n gain_v or_o preserve_v from_o water_n be_v so_o great_a a_o honour_n that_o caius_n marius_n who_o be_v make_v seven_o time_n consul_n or_o comes_n for_o as_o selden_n say_v comites_fw-la dici_fw-la possunt_fw-la consules_a a_o consulendo_fw-la which_o be_v render_v earl_n do_v by_o a_o cut_a or_o drain_n so_o secure_a the_o inundation_n of_o salt_n water_n often_o overflow_a a_o large_a fenny_a county_n near_o arles_n in_o france_n that_o in_o memory_n of_o so_o beneficial_a a_o work_n it_o be_v call_v fossa_n mariana_n or_o the_o consul_n marius_n his_o drain_n and_o in_o pompey_n time_n the_o secure_n of_o the_o inundation_n of_o fresh_n about_o 40_o mile_n from_o rome_n be_v esteem_v to_o be_v so_o good_a service_n that_o one_o of_o the_o two_o consul_n be_v usual_o appoint_v to_o attend_v the_o gallic_a enemy_n the_o other_o have_v the_o care_n of_o the_o
ea_fw-la or_o watery_a enemy_n and_o it_o be_v no_o small_a honour_n now_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o bedford_n to_o be_v governor_n of_o 365000_o acre_n of_o fenny_a ground_n entitle_v by_o his_o name_n of_o bedford_n level_n subject_n to_o inundation_n but_o by_o his_o vigilance_n preseru_v it_o 6._o and_o when_o this_o title_n of_o earl_n be_v first_o give_v in_o england_n as_o it_o be_v say_v by_o william_n the_o first_o to_o hugo_n de_fw-fr aurank_n or_o the_o ibrinks_n make_v he_o earl_n of_o chester_n it_o be_v doubtless_o from_o some_o eminent_a service_n do_v in_o preserve_v the_o bank_n or_o brink_n of_o that_o county_n against_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi upon_o the_o southside_n of_o worrcl_n ealand_n aforesaid_a reach_v from_o the_o town_n of_o chester_n to_o the_o hebrea_n for_o shortness_n call_v heber_n and_o so_o round_a that_o hundred_o beside_o the_o bank_n in_o other_o part_n of_o that_o county_n some_o do_v question_n whether_o this_o d'aurank_a or_o d'ibrink_n be_v the_o first_o earl_n but_o it_o be_v likely_a he_o be_v so_o titular_o and_o other_o the_o like_a earl_n before_o he_o but_o that_o which_o be_v agree_v on_o be_v that_o albericus_n or_o aubry_n d'vere_v be_v the_o first_o that_o be_v by_o charter_n or_o patent_n create_v earl_n by_o henry_n the_o second_o who_o have_v the_o additional_a title_n of_o earl_n of_o oxford_n or_o oxenford_n in_o oxfordshire_n and_o continue_v in_o that_o family_n to_o this_o day_n but_o i_o can_v pass_v the_o word_n ford_n which_o do_v imply_v a_o passable_a ea_fw-la or_o water_n which_o be_v necessary_o to_o be_v preserve_v from_o the_o overflow_n of_o at_o least_o 7_o several_a river_n in_o that_o little_a county_n for_o the_o more_o safe_a passage_n of_o man_n and_o oxen._n 7._o to_o conclude_v ihope_o i_o may_v be_v allow_v so_o much_o of_o the_o art_n of_o tachygraphy_n or_o short_a writing_n as_o may_v render_v my_o application_n of_o this_o word_n more_o plausible_a by_o write_v earl_n for_o ea_z regalia_z so_o as_o whether_o ea_fw-la be_v consider_v as_o a_o saxon_a word_n or_o the_o plural_a of_o the_o pronoun_n ea_fw-la it_o confirm_v my_o notion_n and_o may_v serve_v as_o well_o to_o explain_v the_o word_n earl_n as_o spqr_n the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n or_o dn_n to_o signify_v a_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n or_o chr._n chevaleer_n 8._o i_o have_v say_v sufficient_o of_o the_o word_n now_o as_o to_o the_o antiquity_n of_o it_o in_o england_n it_o be_v authentic_a from_o history_n and_o record_n that_o the_o word_n earl_n and_o honour_n of_o it_o be_v in_o use_n in_o the_o saxon_n and_o dane_n time_n and_o continue_v with_o the_o norman_n and_o earl_n have_v the_o like_a extensive_a power_n in_o shire_n and_o county_n as_o they_o have_v have_v since_o their_o formal_a creation_n by_o charter_n which_o it_o seem_v be_v a_o mode_n and_o form_n not_o use_v till_o this_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o oxford_n since_o which_o there_o have_v be_v some_o variation_n in_o the_o form_n but_o especial_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o and_o king_n james_n as_o will_v be_v see_v when_o i_o come_v to_o recite_v so_o much_o of_o their_o charter_n of_o creation_n as_o relate_v to_o their_o interest_n in_o parliament_n 9_o the_o learned_a selden_n divide_v this_o title_n into_o two_o sort_n a_o local_a and_o a_o personal_a earl_n by_o local_a he_o mean_v such_o county_n city_n castle_n town_n or_o burrough_n as_o be_v fix_v to_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n or_o come_v as_o earl_n of_o oxford_n earl_n of_o kent_z etc._n etc._n be_v not_o county_n palatine_n or_o of_o such_o as_o be_v county_n palatine_n whereof_o there_o be_v five_o viz._n cheshire_n lancashire_n which_o be_v in_o the_o crown_n pembrokeshire_n in_o the_o present_a earl_n of_o pembroke_n durham_n and_o ely_n which_o then_o be_v county_n palatine_n belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o those_o county_n never_o grant_v to_o any_o temporal_a earl_n so_o as_o the_o bishop_n of_o ely_n and_o durham_n do_v sit_v in_o parliament_n virtute_fw-la tenurae_fw-la and_o not_o virtute_fw-la comitatus_fw-la palatinae_fw-la as_o for_o personal_a earl_n there_o be_v but_o three_o remain_v at_o this_o day_n viz._n the_o earl_n or_o lord_n great_a chamberlain_n grant_v to_o berty_n earl_n of_o lindsey_n with_o a_o large_a intale_n to_o that_o family_n 2_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n marshal_v grant_v to_o hen._n howard_n earl_n of_o norwich_n and_o after_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n with_o a_o large_a intale_a as_o i_o have_v show_v 3_o grant_v by_o patent_n to_o savage_a earl_n rivers_n be_v make_v a_o baron_n in_o 5_o edw._n 6._o and_o also_o viscount_n of_o colchester_n in_o 19_o jacobi_n and_o in_o the_o 2d_o of_o charles_n the_o first_o be_v make_v viscount_n savage_a of_o rock_n savage_a in_o cheshire_n whereby_o he_o be_v a_o double_a viscount_n and_o earl_n rivers_n which_o be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o illustrious_a family_n and_o not_o of_o a_o place_n but_o all_o the_o other_o earl_n be_v entitle_v from_o some_o note_a place_n 10._o forty_o nine_o earl_n summon_v the_o 18_o february_n 1661._o and_o six_o more_o summon_v the_o 29_o of_o april_n 1661._o see_v the_o pawn_n cap._n 2._o the_o next_o i_o be_o to_o treat_v of_o be_v the_o vicecome_v vice_n earl_n or_o viscount_n sect_n v._o of_o a_o viscount_n obs_n i_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o a_o duke_n or_o a_o count_n whilst_o their_o title_n be_v interchangeable_o use_v may_v be_v also_o apply_v to_o a_o viscount_n for_o when_o duke_n and_o count_n increase_v in_o their_o number_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o necessity_n to_o take_v in_o other_o to_o their_o assistance_n who_o afterward_o by_o merit_n and_o the_o favour_n of_o their_o prince_n arrive_v to_o a_o interest_n of_o their_o own_o and_o therefore_o the_o word_n vicecome_v or_o viscount_n may_v proper_o here_o intend_v a_o companion_n for_o the_o word_n come_v do_v as_o well_o signify_v a_o companion_n or_o associate_n as_o a_o count_n or_o earl_n and_o the_o addition_n of_o vice_n which_o signify_v instead_o or_o by_o course_n or_o turn_n of_o which_o word_n turn_v i_o shall_v speak_v more_o do_v intimate_v thar_z when_o the_o turn_v of_o this_o come_v come_v to_o govern_v he_o be_v for_o that_o time_n call_v vicecome_v all_o other_o time_n come_v only_o or_o as_o i_o conceive_v as_o the_o one_o be_v call_v comes_n because_o he_o command_v a_o county_n the_o other_o be_v call_v vicecome_v from_o the_o latin_a word_n vicus_n because_o he_o command_v a_o village_n street_n or_o structure_n or_o some_o lesser_a command_n than_o that_o of_o a_o county_n 2._o the_o dignal_n title_n of_o vicecomes_n be_v also_o ancient_a in_o foreign_a part_n than_o in_o england_n and_o be_v the_o same_o with_o vidame_n or_o vicedominus_fw-la which_o be_v proper_o the_o foreign_a title_n of_o a_o substitute_n to_o a_o bishop_n but_o as_o we_o take_v the_o title_n in_o a_o official_a sense_n it_o signify_v the_o king_n deputy_n or_o sheriff_n in_o every_o county_n and_o so_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o saxon_n who_o make_v come_v to_o signify_v earl_n and_o vicecome_v or_o viscount_n to_o signify_v the_o office_n of_o shereeve_n or_o sheriff_n for_o we_o have_v the_o word_n earl_n and_o sheriff_n from_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o count_n and_o viscount_n from_o the_o roman_n comes_n and_o vicecome_v and_o probable_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o marquis_n be_v interpose_v to_o duke_n and_o earl_n in_o richard_n the_o second_v time_n so_o it_o be_v think_v fit_a in_o henry_n the_o sixth_n time_n though_o some_o say_v in_o henry_n the_o five_o time_n to_o interpose_v the_o title_n of_o viscount_n to_o comes_n or_o earl_n and_o the_o noble_a baron_n there_o have_v be_v the_o like_a promiscuous_a use_n of_o the_o title_n of_o comes_n or_o earl_n and_o baron_n as_o have_v be_v of_o duke_n and_o comes_n and_o thereupon_o i_o conceive_v john_n d'beaumont_n be_v create_v the_o first_o viscount_n of_o this_o interpose_v dignity_n it_o be_v as_o mr._n cambden_n say_v a_o old_a name_n of_o office_n but_o a_o new_a name_n of_o dignity_n or_o a_o vicecome_v or_o sheriff_n turn_v from_o a_o annual_a office_n into_o a_o dignity_n hereditary_a 3._o yet_o this_o office_n of_o vicecome_v or_o shereeve_v or_o sheriff_n be_v and_o still_o be_v a_o office_n of_o dignity_n only_o the_o difference_n be_v that_o the_o vicecome_v dignify_v as_o i_o say_v by_o hen._n the_o 6_o be_v a_o parliamentary_a and_o nobilitated_a dignity_n and_o place_n both_o in_o their_o patent_n of_o creation_n and_o in_o the_o act_n of_o precedency_n fix_v between_o earl_n and_o baron_n etc._n etc._n make_v hereditary_a but_o the_o other_o viscountship_n or_o sherifdom_n be_v official_a and_o annual_a and_o not_o hereditary_a and_o