Selected quad for the lemma: city_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
city_n	great_a	river_n	town_n	5,503	4	6.2089	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A34100	Severall considerations offered to the Parliament concerning the improvement of trade, navigation and comerce more especially the old draperies and other woolen manufactures of England / by G.C., a louer of his country.	Carew, George, Esq.	1675 (1675)	Wing C551; ESTC R35845	8,786	10

SEVERALL CONSIDERATIONS Offered to the Parliament concerning the improvement of Trade Navigation and Comerce more especially the old draperies and other woolen manufactures of England by G. C. a Louer of his country WHereas in former ages the subjects of England lived cheifely by pasturage and tillage they were necessitated to transport their wooles to bring in bullion and other comodities for their support and pleasures But after the invention of gunns and gunpouder Shipping marriners inereasing soe much in forraigne parts from the product of English woole both in number and strenght England could not be defended any longer with bows and arrowes wherefore they slighted many old castles and trusted to new Shipps and even at last to thinke upon trade and comerce which proved the cheifest fortress and support of the King and Kingdome After the dissolution of Monasteries and Abbies the people multiplying soe fast they setled severall Colonies and plantations in Asia and America finding noe roome at home for all yonger brothers to live and gett estates Diverse of them that were naturally adicted to the warrs left the service of other Princes and States where English men sell their skinns and spinn out their lives for brass stivers and sols marques to seeke their fortunes in those Dominions that were added to the Crowne through the great charges and industry of severall well affected persons to their King and Country who since have not only lost their reall possessions but their originall costs by bad goverment and worse conducts When the staple of woole was kept at Midleburgh in Richard the seconds time and at Callais in Edward the thirds time it was ordained that for every sack of woole which should be transported out of England there should be a competent quantity of silver bullion returned besides 50 s. a sack for custome outwards to the King And to prevent all manner of fraudes in those days there were severall offices of the staple errected at West-minster New-castle Yorke Lincolne Canterbury Excester Bristoll and other places soe that a fleece of woole could not be exported without account to the King and a returne to the Kingdome The tenth parte of all wooles being to come to the church their officers served the Crowne gratis for the benefitts they received of maintenance and protection which may be done now by Parochiall and Secular persons as was then by Regulars without any charge to the crowne It is the Custome in England for the cheifest lords in Parliament to sitt upon woole packs to put them in minde of the naturall groweth of their estates and the best dependance of the Crowne and the comon wealth A pack of English woole containing 100. waight Exceeds in value a pack of the finest flax Goates haire or the finest filke of the same waight as farr as 100. waight of English Tin or lead Exceeds 100. waight of Hollands turfe digged out of their silver Mines In regard English woole is of that absolute necessity to most nations of the world for warmth and cloathing when the other is for pleasure and delight 100. waight of fine flax mohaire or silke may sett as many people at worke as a pack of woole but it is not universally of the tenth parte for use of apparell or consumption And the one being of English groweth and the other fforraigne the woole adds to the Kingdome and the other deminisheth 100. Pore men women and children are usually imployed and sett at worke by every 100. waight of English woole viz Combers Spinners Reelers Weavors Kintters Dyers Cloathworkers Rowers Fullers Labourers c. That consumes the graine and victualls of England and soe many people must stand stil begg● or starve for want of worke at home for every pack of woole that is transported f●om thence into France Flanders or Holland Where there are great quantities of English Ir●●h and Scotch woole Notwithstanding all the strikt laws to the contrary Frequently carrie● over towards the manufacture of cloath stuffes stockings monmouth capps Tapistry Dornick hangings Ratines Bays Drugetts c. Which canot be wrought alone with their short staple wooles The Kings of France originally granted liberty and priviledges to all nations that would come and inhabite Flanders Brabant c. Whereupon those great populous Citties and townes were suddanly built by strangers of all arts and sciences And many of their best Churches Monasteries and Abbies were founded and erected by Severall Kings of England and noble men in the Saxons time As the records of Flanders makes appeare Amongst which there is a very remarkable History The Queene of France in her progress coming to vissit Brugis and Gant she found the people soe richly cloathed that she sayd she thought there had been but one Queene in France but there she found all the women Queens and wished she had been a Cloathiers wife also most of the inhabitants being Cloathiers Weavors and others that lived upon the manufacture of English woole which soe increased their wealth and beauty to wonder and admiration Afterwards by severall acts of Providence many thousand Weavors Felt makers Knitters and Spinners transported themselves for England when the great Councell of the land had prohibited the transportation of woole and incouraged the woolen manufactures at home Then a Charter was granted to the Marchant adventurers who maintained severall persons in all the sea Port townes of England France and Flanders to make seizures and discoveries of all wooles and fullers Earth that should be conveyed out of his Majesties Dominions to fforraigne parts But since the Charter of the Company was broaken that trade is decayed and the old drapery o● England slighted in the Seaventeen Provinces through the great burthens new impositions and exations lately layd upon English manufactures whereby that Comerc● is neglected and interlopers exposing Cloath Kersies and Searges to contempt by thei● pedling offering them to sale in comōn tavernes and tipling houses Soe that th● staple comodities of England will at lenght be unregarded Whereof I have spoken mor● at large in my remarkable passages concerning the Hollanders since the death of Quee● Elizebeth And had prepared theise following considerations during the lat● treaty with the States Generall for opening the Scheld which I leav● to yover grave wisdomes and apprehensions upon all future events CONSIDERATIONS Of the Advantages which the King of great Brittaigne and his subjects may draw by the opening of the navigation in the River of the Scheld to the citty of Antwerpe THere is nothing of more importance to the united Provinces then navigation by which they doe not only subsist but are inriched and render themselves formidable to all the Princes and Potentates of Europe And to the prejudice of all their neighbours and their owne great profit they draw to themselves the Comerce of the whole world as well in respect of the sale of goods in their owne Country as of what they distribue unto others And although their Comerce seeme to be

interrupted and deminished by this warr yet that is only for a time since that as sone as they shall have peace they will imeadiatly setle themselves againe in the trade to the Exclusion of all other nations Wherefore the only means to weaken the states and to divert this inundation of trade that swells amongst them without any effusion of bloud or expence of his Majesties subjects It being a Sure and easie conquest which is gott by peace A ffree Passage ought to be procured for his Majesties subjects and their Shipps in the River of Scheld up to the citty of Antwerp FIrst the same being a citty very comodious for its situation environed with Machelen Brussells and many other great citties and townes The entry to the sea Port very good ●nd sure in time of winter the River capable to carry Shipps of 400. Tunn The inhabitants ●aturaly inclined to trade The Exchanges to all other Countries there the conducts and land ●arriages setled unto Germany Itally c. The many litle Channels and Rivers for transpor●ing their marchandiz and all other qualities requisite to a towne of Comerce Thither his Majesties subjects might not only carry all sort of wares and marchandises of ●heir owne and other countries for the use of the Provinces of Brabant Flanders Hennow ●nd others under the obedience of his most Catholique Majestie but likewise be distributed further 〈◊〉 into the Country to the ffrench conquests Leige Germany Itally c. And goods exported in one Bottome directly from England Scotland and Ireland and ●●her places in the Shipps of his Majesties subjects might be sold in Antwerpe and be trans●●rted from thence more easily and much cheaper then any other way what soever Also the ●anufactures of the low countries the new conquests of ffrance as Likewise of Leige Ger●any Itally c. Might be carried from Antwerpe into England Scotland and Ire●●nd at ffar less rates By the Established lawes of England noe fforraigne Shipp can bring in any Marchandise ●ere but what is the product of that Country from whence they came And noe treaty can abro●●te an act of Parliament or knowne law of the land VVhat comes from Leigh Germany Itally c. Now loaded in Holland Shipps being brought by the Conducts and land Carriages to be loaded at Antwerpe Should be transported into England Scotland and Ireland and other Countries in English Shipps excluding all others This alone would soe increase navigation and cause soe considerable a trade to the subjects of England that the obtaining thereof ought to be indeavored without any other consideration SEcondly the subjects of England might establish the staple of English Cloath in the Towne of Antwerpe which would be of much more advantage and profit to those concerned then at Dort in respect it is a manufacture which is not made in Antwerpe nor in other townes thereabouts But on the contrary the Hollanders counterfeit the Manufacture of English Cloath a● Leyden and other townes nere to Dort soe craftily and subtily making their cloath o● the same Colours yet slighter and of less value whereby they undersell the English in a●● fine Cloaths to the great detriment of his Majestie and his subjects in the sale and distribution of the English drapery in forraigne parts And the Hollanders being naturally inclined to thrift and to favour their owne manufactures they Cloath them selves in their owne Country Cloath and indeavor to introduce the same into other Countries both farr and nere to the Exclusion of English Cloath For which cause the sale of English Cloath in Holland is very small But if the staple wer● established at Antwerpe it would be far otherwise as well in respect of what would be pu● off in the Provinces belonging to the King of Spaine as of what would be sould in the Citti●● and townes of the ffrench conquests and further unto Leige Germany Itally c. The transportation from Antwerpe is at present more comodious and sure to the other Countries before mencioned because the same may be without paying any imposts to any oth●● Prince then the Catholique King not goeing through any other territory but his VVereas on the contrary goeing from Dort to the aforesayd Countries they must pass throug● severall Iurisdictions and consequently pay the transits which how small-soever it be is burthen to the Marchandises As the thirty severall tolls unto divers Princes Landgrav●● and others upon Rheinish wines before they come to Antwerpe by Dort THirdly the silks which comes from the hither parts of Itally by the conducts to Antwer●● to be transported from thence into England Scotland and Ireland the same being do●● by English Shipps directly would be of less charge then other-wayes Likewise the Dangers Sea is less in winter by the comodiousnes of the Port and entry of this River The Shipps of his Majesties subjects would also have the benefit of transporting the sa●● with other merchandises and might have the advantage of many voyages and loading which at present others have to their loss I pass over in silence and leaue to the consideration of those that trade the infin●● other profitts Judging it sufficient to poynt only in this litle discourse at 〈◊〉 great advantages his Majesties subjects of great Brittaigne will draw from 〈◊〉 navigation But it must be granted that both in times of peace and warr that English Shipps be not searched nor vissited or obliged to declare unto whom the Loading or marchandise belongs And that a ffree Shipp shall make ffree goods as is condescended on betwixt the Catholiqkue King and the states of the united Provinces By this means if the King of Spaine come to a rupture with the sayd states or any other Prince or comon wealth English Shipps not being to be troubled either goeing or coming will be always preferred and soe shall draw the navigation to them selves If there fall out any misunderstanding betvvixt any other Potentates And that the Marchants Shipps need any convoy there vvil be imployment for the men of vvarr vvho may conduct them by flushing or further up the River And in that case the King of great Brittaigne after the Example of his most Christian Majesty to bring about and Establish this navigation in favour of his subjects might give Convoyes gratis to attend the Marchants Shipps for at first they must be incovraged by good offices ALl the difficulty and opposition in this affair will arrise from the Zelanders because at present they possess the Entry to this River The states haveing gotten Breskens in Flanders over against fflushing acquitted by Spaine in the treaty at Munster Anno 1648. BUt seeing that by other ways and means their Comerce is taken away at Havre de Grace Amsterdam Roterdam Ostend Hambourgh c. VVithout being able to helpe it nor draw any profit from thence which may make them jealous and resolve not to quitt the profit they draw by this navigation In Answere to that difficulty All the great Shipps which are not