chap._n 2._o of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n p._n 187._o chap._n 3._o of_o the_o public_a officer_n p._n 197._o chap._n 4._o of_o their_o idolatry_n and_o superstition_n p._n 241._o chap._n 5._o a_o account_n of_o vaballathus_n p._n 272._o chap._n 6._o the_o history_n of_o longinus_n p._n 287._o chap._n 7._o the_o commentary_n on_o the_o inscription_n p._n 295._o a_o view_n of_o the_o ruin_n of_o palmyra_n alias_o tadmor_n take_v on_o the_o southern_a side_n the_o history_n of_o palmyra_n history_n of_o remote_a country_n and_o strange_a revolution_n have_v be_v always_o entertain_v with_o respect_n and_o the_o pleasure_n of_o see_v at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n and_o hear_v of_o dismal_a catastrophe_n wherein_o we_o have_v no_o other_o immediate_a share_n but_o that_o of_o wonder_n and_o pity_n be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o mean_a satisfaction_n of_o a_o wise_a man_n life_n since_o every_o turn_v of_o providence_n in_o a_o foreign_a nation_n every_o new_a scene_n of_o prosperity_n or_o adversity_n be_v a_o lesson_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o best_a rule_n of_o behaviour_n both_o for_o a_o public_a and_o private_a capacity_n be_v deducible_a from_o such_o remarkable_a occurrence_n and_o among_o all_o the_o great_a revolution_n that_o have_v call_v for_o the_o astonishment_n and_o commiseration_n of_o mankind_n the_o several_a fortune_n of_o palmyra_n be_v not_o the_o least_o remarkable_a a_o country_n far_o distant_a from_o our_o region_n distinguish_v by_o nature_n from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n by_o a_o separate_a situation_n and_o a_o empire_n that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o year_n overran_a all_o the_o east_n baffle_v the_o force_n of_o the_o persian_n subdue_v egypt_n and_o make_v all_o asia_n to_o the_o hellespont_n tremble_v but_o in_o a_o few_o month_n afterward_o be_v strip_v of_o all_o its_o grandeur_n and_o by_o degree_n reduce_v to_o the_o low_a state_n of_o poverty_n as_o it_o be_v this_o day_n of_o this_o country_n i_o intend_v to_o treat_v of_o its_o founder_n and_o antiquity_n its_o situation_n and_o plenty_n its_o government_n ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a and_o its_o several_a fortune_n and_o condition_n as_o far_o as_o my_o read_n will_v assist_v i_o till_o some_o more_o able_a critic_n shall_v undertake_v the_o task_n and_o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o such_o a_o account_n of_o the_o place_n as_o the_o ancient_n furnish_v we_o with_o chap._n i._n when_o solomon_n have_v finish_v his_o stupendous_a temple_n at_o jerusalem_n which_o better_o deserve_v to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o world_n wonder_n than_o that_o at_o ephesus_n and_o the_o noble_a palace_n which_o he_o build_v for_o himself_o 4._o 1_o king_n 9.10_o 18._o 2_o chron._n 8.3_o 4._o in_o the_o twenty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o make_v war_n against_o hamath-zobah_a which_o have_v be_v subdue_v by_o david_n but_o revolt_v and_o have_v conquer_v it_o he_o build_v tadmor_n in_o the_o wilderness_n the_o upper_a and_o nether_a bethhoron_n baalath_n and_o all_o the_o store-city_n which_o he_o strong_o fortify_v with_o wall_n and_o gate_n and_o bar_n they_o be_v his_o frontier_n town_n and_o the_o limit_n of_o his_o vast_a empire_n 9.26_o 2_o chron._n 9.26_o for_o he_o reign_v over_o all_o the_o king_n from_o the_o river_n euphrates_n to_o the_o land_n of_o the_o philistine_n and_o to_o the_o border_n of_o egypt_n 4.24_o 1_o king_n 4.24_o from_o tiphsac_n even_o to_o azzah_n i._n e._n from_o gaza_n to_o thapsachus_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o pass_n over_o the_o euphrates_n the_o arabic_a translator_n of_o 2_o chron._n 8.3_o imply_v that_o tadmor_n be_v a_o city_n before_o solomon_n time_n and_o that_o he_o only_o re-edify_v it_o that_o it_o be_v a_o metropolis_n of_o old_a as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o latter_a time_n and_o have_v many_o town_n under_o its_o jurisdiction_n nor_o be_v it_o altogether_o improbable_a those_o part_n of_o the_o world_n near_o the_o place_n where_o the_o ark_n rest_v after_o the_o deluge_n cease_v be_v first_o people_v the_o arabic_a historian_n 53._o historian_n verse_n poc._n p._n 53._o abulfarajus_fw-la say_v that_o solomon_n in_o the_o twenty_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n have_v destroy_v the_o city_n of_o antioch_n build_v seven_o city_n in_o its_o stead_n of_o which_o tadmor_n be_v one_o but_o the_o fabulous_a historian_n of_o antioch_n 152._o antioch_n par._n 1._o p._n 185._o &_o par._n 2._o p._n 152._o john_n matela_n averr_v that_o the_o foundation_n of_o palmyra_n be_v lay_v in_o the_o same_o place_n in_o which_o david_n slay_v goliath_n and_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n with_o his_o own_o sword_n and_o that_o king_n solomon_n in_o memory_n of_o this_o great_a victory_n build_v a_o noble_a city_n there_o and_z from_o the_o fate_n of_o the_o giant_n call_v it_o palmyra_n while_o 2._o while_o antiq._n l._n 8._o c._n 2._o josephus_n thus_o inform_v we_o that_o solomon_n after_o he_o have_v build_v gazara_n which_o pharaoh_n have_v take_v it_o from_o the_o philistine_n give_v to_o his_o daughter_n not_o far_o from_o it_o build_v two_o city_n betachora_n and_o bale_v with_o other_o place_n to_o which_o he_o may_v retire_v for_o his_o pleasure_n that_o he_o may_v enjoy_v a_o temperate_a air_n excellent_a fruit_n and_o pleasant_a stream_n from_o whence_o he_o pass_v into_o the_o desert_n above_o syria_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o great_a city_n which_o 47._o which_o hier._n in_o ezek._n 47._o he_o beautify_v with_o extraordinary_a building_n two_o day_n journey_n from_o the_o upper_a syria_n and_o one_o from_o euphrates_n but_o from_o babylon_n six_o day_n journey_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o he_o build_v this_o city_n so_o far_o from_o the_o inhabit_a place_n of_o syria_n be_v that_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n there_o be_v no_o water_n but_o in_o that_o place_n only_o there_o be_v fountain_n and_o well_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o peutinger_n table_n that_o near_o it_o stand_v the_o centum_fw-la putei_fw-la appendix_n putei_fw-la concern_v the_o name_n tadhmur_v and_o palmyra_n consult_v the_o appendix_n when_o therefore_o he_o have_v build_v the_o city_n and_o fence_v it_o with_o strong_a wall_n he_o name_v it_o tadmor_n as_o it_o be_v now_o call_v by_o the_o syrian_n while_o the_o greek_n call_v it_o palmyra_n chap._n ii_o from_o its_o founder_n and_o name_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o consider_v its_o situation_n and_o plenty_n as_o to_o its_o situation_n from_o the_o description_n that_o josephus_n give_v of_o it_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o though_o it_o stand_v in_o a_o desert_n country_n it_o be_v a_o very_a fertile_a spot_n of_o ground_n the_o air_n be_v very_o moderate_a and_o healthy_a for_o when_o porph._n when_o epist_n ad_fw-la porph._n longinus_n invite_v his_o friend_n porphyry_n thither_o he_o encourage_v he_o to_o undertake_v the_o journey_n upon_o two_o account_n first_o that_o they_o may_v renew_v their_o old_a friendship_n second_o that_o he_o may_v recover_v his_o break_a health_n by_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o air_n of_o palmyra_n 205._o palmyra_n lib._n 8._o p._n 205._o ptolemy_n place_n it_o east_n from_o alexanandria_n in_o the_o same_o climate_n with_o antioch_n seleucia_n hierapolis_n emesa_n and_o other_o city_n of_o alexandria_n say_v the_o author_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a chronicon_fw-la 82._o chron._n alex_n p._n 82._o in_o the_o longit._n of_o 71_o deg_fw-la 30_o min._n and_o the_o latit_fw-fr of_o 34_o deg_fw-la the_o long_a day_n be_v there_o above_o 14_o hour_n the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o tadmur_n i_o conjecture_v be_v the_o son_n of_o abraham_n by_o keturah_n for_o they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v send_v by_o their_o father_n into_o the_o east_n gen._n 25.6_o i_o e._n into_o the_o east_n from_o jerusalem_n and_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n into_o the_o desert_n of_o arabia_n and_o the_o country_n border_v on_o the_o euphrates_n who_o inhabitant_n be_v call_v in_o holy_a writ_n the_o child_n of_o the_o east_n and_o be_v for_o that_o reason_n also_o call_v saracen_n that_o be_v oriental_n or_o easterling_n as_o our_o most_o learned_a pocock_n affirm_v now_o the_o saracen_n be_v say_v by_o ult_n by_o lib._n 23._o cap._n ult_n amm._n marcellinus_n to_o be_v the_o arabe_n scenitae_n though_o pliny_n and_o ptolemy_n distinguish_v they_o to_o who_o the_o palmyrenian_o be_v conterminous_a if_o not_o the_o same_o and_o for_o this_o reason_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o odenathus_n in_o all_o the_o latter_a writer_n be_v call_v the_o king_n of_o the_o saracen_n though_o zenobia_n in_o her_o letter_n to_o aurelian_a distinguish_v the_o saracen_n from_o her_o subject_n reckon_v the_o saracen_n among_o her_o foreign_a troop_n and_o auxiliary_n in_o the_o ecclesiaslick_n notitia_fw-la it_o be_v account_v a_o part_n of_o phoenicia_n libanesia_n and_o porphyry_n treat_v of_o longinus_n invite_v he_o to_o
pretext_n that_o the_o king_n of_o armenia_n have_v receive_v his_o crown_n from_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n whereas_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v take_v it_o from_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n but_o in_o truth_n stimulate_v by_o his_o desire_n of_o vainglory_n make_v a_o expedition_n into_o the_o east_n reduce_v armenia_n and_o settle_v the_o government_n of_o that_o country_n take_v nisibis_n and_o batnae_n and_o be_v honour_v by_o the_o senate_n with_o the_o name_n of_o parthicus_n add_v to_o his_o other_o title_n after_o which_o he_o winter_v at_o antioch_n where_o he_o by_o a_o extraordinary_a providence_n and_o with_o much_o difficulty_n escape_v perish_v in_o that_o great_a earthquake_n which_o have_v almost_o ruine_v that_o noble_a city_n after_o this_o he_o return_v into_o the_o east_n past_o the_o euphrates_n subdue_v all_o adiabene_n arbela_n and_o gaugamela_n and_o come_v to_o babylon_n the_o parthian_n being_n unable_a to_o oppose_v he_o have_v be_v much_o weaken_a by_o their_o civil_a dissension_n then_o he_o pass_v the_o tigris_n and_o go_v to_o ctesiphon_n and_o thence_o pursue_v his_o conquest_n to_o the_o ocean_n where_o he_o declare_v that_o if_o he_o have_v be_v as_o young_a as_o alexander_n he_o will_v have_v follow_v the_o example_n of_o that_o illustrious_a prince_n and_o have_v sail_v into_o india_n but_o while_o he_o be_v thus_o amuse_v himself_o with_o his_o vain_a ambitious_a thought_n the_o province_n which_o he_o have_v subdue_v revolt_v and_o seize_v and_o murder_v the_o roman_a garrison_n whereupon_o trajan_n command_v lusius_n and_o maximus_n to_o chastise_v the_o rebel_n and_o to_o reduce_v the_o city_n to_o term_n of_o duty_n and_o obedience_n in_o this_o expedition_n maximus_n be_v slay_v in_o battle_n but_o lusius_n recover_v nisibis_n take_v edessa_n as_o he_o do_v also_o seleucia_n and_o other_o place_n by_o his_o lieutenant-general_n whereupon_o to_o prevent_v their_o future_a revolt_n trajan_n give_v the_o parthian_n a_o king_n and_o settle_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o east_n as_o aurelian_a as_o in_o aurelian_a vopiscus_n call_v that_o country_n because_o in_o respect_n of_o rome_n the_o sun_n seem_v to_o rise_v in_o parthia_n and_o this_o the_o coin_n confirm_v which_o mention_v the_o reduce_n of_o armenia_n and_o mesopotamia_n under_o the_o power_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o this_o emperor_n reign_n at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v probable_a palmyra_n be_v much_o ruin_v for_o otherwise_o it_o will_v not_o have_v want_v the_o favourable_a assistance_n of_o trajan_n successor_n who_o may_v be_v just_o reckon_v their_o second_o founder_n hadrian_n be_v a_o magnificent_a prince_n and_o a_o great_a builder_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n call_v the_o wall-flower_n a_o great_a number_n of_o eminent_a edifice_n owe_v their_o be_v and_o beauty_n to_o his_o liberality_n he_o it_o be_v who_o build_v the_o fora_n at_o nicodemia_n and_o nice_n 598._o chron._n alex_n p._n 598._o the_o four_o highway_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n that_o look_v towards_o bythinia_n at_o cyzicum_n he_o build_v the_o temple_n and_o floar_v it_o with_o marble_n and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n he_o either_o erect_v new_a or_o repair_v the_o old_a building_n both_o sacred_a and_o civil_a and_o in_o almost_o every_o city_n of_o his_o vast_a empire_n he_o leave_v some_o mark_n of_o his_o magnificence_n hadrian_n magnificence_n hadrian_n dio_fw-mi cassius_n affirm_v that_o he_o generous_o assist_v all_o the_o town_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o his_o empire_n or_o confederate_a with_o it_o of_o which_o he_o visit_v more_o than_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v employ_v in_o more_o than_o one_o progress_n through_o those_o spacious_a territory_n some_o city_n he_o adorn_v with_o aqueduct_n other_o with_o safe_a port_n upon_o some_o he_o bestow_v a_o donative_n of_o corn_n or_o public_a building_n upon_o other_o money_n or_o privilege_n 364._o privilege_n jo._n malel_n par_fw-fr 1._o pag._n 363_o 364._o at_o antioch_n he_o repair_v what_o have_v be_v destroy_v by_o that_o terrible_a and_o furious_a earthquake_n that_o in_o trajan_n time_n have_v almost_o bury_v that_o noble_a city_n in_o its_o own_o ruin_n as_o he_o do_v the_o temple_n at_o cyzicum_n which_o in_o his_o own_o reign_n have_v be_v destroy_v by_o another_o earthquake_n and_o make_v it_o one_o of_o the_o world_n wonder_n for_o architecture_n and_o beauty_n bestow_v great_a privilege_n upon_o the_o poor_a undo_v inhabitant_n which_o be_v the_o noble_a charity_n he_o also_o re-erect_v the_o colossus_n at_o rhodes_n which_o have_v be_v many_o year_n before_o throw_v down_o by_o a_o earthquake_n above_o all_o he_o be_v a_o great_a benefactor_n to_o the_o city_n of_o athens_n towards_o which_o he_o always_o express_v a_o peculiar_a regard_n as_o in_o requital_n they_o call_v he_o while_o alive_a adrianus_n olympius_n in_o their_o coin_n and_o inscription_n as_o he_o be_v in_o several_a other_o city_n after_o his_o death_n deify_v especial_o in_o syria_n for_o to_o speak_v the_o truth_n and_o to_o be_v do_v good_a be_v in_o the_o esteem_n even_o of_o the_o heathen_a world_n most_o godlike_a quality_n chap._n ix_o but_o the_o liberality_n of_o this_o munificent_a emperor_n be_v not_o confine_v to_o greece_n or_o the_o adjacent_a part_n of_o asia_n the_o remote_a city_n of_o syria_n who_o have_v suffer_v so_o deep_o during_o the_o war_n which_o trajan_n make_v in_o the_o east_n be_v not_o exclude_v from_o their_o share_n in_o his_o bounty_n for_o he_o have_v be_v a_o hadr._n a_o sparta_n hadr._n lieutenant-general_n in_o that_o expedition_n and_o have_v see_v the_o dismal_a effect_n of_o war_n and_o military_a rage_n and_o rapine_n and_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o trajan_n have_v make_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o parthian_n envious_a of_o the_o glory_n of_o his_o predecessor_n say_v sextus_n rufus_n very_o malicious_o have_v remove_v the_o king_n who_o trajan_n have_v set_v over_o they_o and_o withdraw_v the_o roman_a army_n out_o of_o all_o the_o country_n beyond_o the_o euphrates_n and_o because_o he_o be_v not_o ambitious_a to_o have_v his_o name_n inscribe_v on_o all_o his_o public_a building_n as_o it_o be_v customary_a he_o give_v it_o to_o the_o city_n which_o he_o new_o build_v or_o beautify_v among_o who_o we_o must_v reckon_v palmyra_n vrb_n palmyra_n steph._n the_o vrb_n which_o after_o he_o have_v repair_v its_o ruin_n he_o call_v hadrianople_n and_o with_o the_o leave_n of_o father_n harduin_n perhaps_o the_o coin_n in_o the_o king_n of_o france_n treasury_n and_o in_o mounseur_fw-fr patin_n p._n 203._o with_o this_o incription_n αδÏιαν_fw-gr μητÏοÏολιϲ_n may_v be_v ascribe_v not_o to_o hadrianople_n in_o thrace_n nor_o that_o other_o city_n in_o cyrenaica_n of_o the_o same_o name_n but_o to_o palmyra_n which_o be_v a_o mother-city_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o 99_o the_o pag._n 99_o inscription_n and_o by_o ptolemy_n who_o not_o only_o reckon_v it_o among_o the_o metropoles_fw-la of_o coelesyria_n but_o make_v it_o the_o capital_a of_o the_o province_n of_o palmyrene_n which_o have_v its_o denomination_n from_o it_o and_o it_o be_v not_o unfit_o represent_v by_o a_o woman_n sit_v on_o a_o hill_n for_o tadmor_n be_v enclose_v on_o three_o side_n with_o long_a ridge_n of_o mountain_n the_o castle_n be_v build_v on_o one_o of_o they_o which_o command_v the_o entrance_n into_o the_o city_n and_o to_o this_o city_n i_o will_v ascribe_v the_o coin_n of_o caracalla_n in_o mounseur_fw-fr patin_n p._n 302._o with_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o archer_n almost_o naked_a on_o the_o reverse_n his_o thin_a habit_n imply_v the_o heat_n and_o his_o arm_n the_o militia_n of_o his_o country_n the_o sagittarii_fw-la of_o palmyrene_n be_v famous_a in_o history_n this_o city_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o adrian_n visit_v when_o in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o his_o empire_n he_o make_v his_o progress_n into_o the_o east_n and_o receive_v the_o homage_n of_o all_o the_o king_n and_o toparch_n who_o territory_n lay_v in_o those_o part_n and_o this_o his_o expedition_n i_o understand_v to_o be_v mean_v in_o the_o inscription_n in_o which_o expedition_n 105._o pag._n 105._o malech_n agrippa_n the_o son_n of_o jaraius_n be_v the_o second_o time_n the_o secretary_n of_o the_o city_n and_o when_o that_o prince_n happen_v to_o draw_v near_o his_o end_n and_o the_o palmyrenian_o be_v in_o fear_n of_o lose_v their_o patron_n their_o neighbour_n of_o the_o city_n tieve_v three_o day_n journey_n from_o tadmor_n towards_o the_o euphrates_n probable_o the_o oriza_n of_o ptolemy_n as_o the_o learned_a mr._n halley_n conjecture_n and_o a_o city_n of_o paelmyrene_n as_o ptolemy_n reckon_v it_o make_v their_o vow_n for_o his_o recovery_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o inscription_n 109._o pag._n 109._o for_o in_o the_o last_o year_n the_o nineteenth_o of_o his_o reign_n not_o the_o seven_o as_o
be_v only_o a_o cover_n for_o notorious_a debauchery_n resolve_v to_o destroy_v all_o those_o place_n that_o be_v destine_v to_o the_o gratification_n of_o the_o flesh_n particular_o the_o famous_a temple_n of_o venus_n in_o phoenicia_n that_o on_o one_o part_n of_o the_o mount_n libanus_n near_o the_o top_n of_o it_o in_o aphaca_n a_o grove_n and_o temple_n have_v be_v consecrate_v to_o venus_n not_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o city_n or_o in_o the_o highway_n where_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o heathen_n prompt_v they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o build_v their_o temple_n but_o in_o a_o retire_a place_n remote_a from_o all_o town_n and_o public_a road_n where_o a_o school_n of_o lewdness_n be_v erect_v where_o effeminate_a man_n prostitute_v themselves_o to_o unnatural_a lust_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o daemon_n and_o the_o female_a sex_n lay_v aside_o all_o regard_n to_o modesty_n and_o religion_n devote_a themselves_o to_o gratify_v the_o irregular_a desire_n of_o all_o pretender_n they_o live_v without_o control_v or_o observation_n because_o no_o virtuous_a person_n dare_v approach_v the_o place_n till_o that_o illustrious_a prince_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o demolish_v the_o temple_n and_o so_o put_v a_o period_n to_o those_o abominable_a practice_n give_v the_o pagan_a inhabitant_n true_a notion_n of_o religion_n and_o chastity_n this_o say_v eusebius_n be_v the_o fate_n of_o that_o infamous_a temple_n but_o see_v the_o malice_n and_o disingenuity_n of_o a_o zealous_a heathen_a zosimus_n affirm_v that_o a_o miraculous_a fire_n hover_v over_o the_o place_n in_o his_o time_n and_o damascius_n tell_v strange_a story_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n isidor_n vit._n isidor_n in_o his_o day_n of_o the_o globe_n of_o flame_n the_o baetuli_n that_o frequent_o appear_v about_o mount_n libanus_n that_o the_o worship_n at_o aphaca_n be_v in_o use_n before_o marcus_n antoninus_n reign_n the_o palmyrene_n inscription_n demonstrate_v sup_n zosim_fw-la ubi_fw-la sup_n the_o solemn_a meeting_n there_o be_v annual_a the_o practice_n most_o execrable_a lust_n and_o luxury_n make_v a_o great_a figure_n in_o all_o their_o pretend_a religious_a ceremony_n especial_o in_o that_o country_n lucian_n himself_o aver_v that_o at_o byblus_n ult_n de_fw-fr syr._n p._n 658._o &_o ult_n a_o very_a little_a way_n from_o nacle_n the_o woman_n who_o refuse_v to_o cut_v their_o hair_n in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o solemn_a mourn_v for_o the_o death_n of_o adonis_n be_v oblige_v for_o a_o whole_a day_n to_o prostitute_v themselves_o to_o all_o stranger_n and_o whatever_o they_o get_v be_v to_o be_v spend_v in_o a_o sacrifice_n to_o venus_n aphaca_n be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n say_v zosimus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o eusebius_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n there_o be_v many_o city_n of_o that_o denomination_n in_o syria_n hebr._n euseb_n de_fw-fr loc_fw-fr hebr._n one_o belong_v to_o the_o tribe_n of_o juda_n another_o to_o the_o tribe_n of_o asher_n a_o three_o in_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o amorites_n a_o four_o a_o city_n of_o syria_n but_o other_o with_o great_a probability_n that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o city_n be_v nacle_n and_o of_o the_o well_o aphaca_n so_o say_v suidas_n express_o 〈◊〉_d v._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o v._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d upon_o the_o authority_n of_o christodorus_n who_o write_v the_o history_n of_o nacle_n or_o naclis_n a_o book_n which_o if_o extant_a will_v have_v much_o illustrate_v this_o part_n of_o our_o history_n that_o it_o stand_v near_o heliopolis_n and_o that_o the_o rite_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o print_a copy_n be_v there_o perform_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o lexicographer_n inform_v 〈◊〉_d etymol_n m._n v._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o it_o be_v a_o syriack_n word_n in_o the_o arabic_a it_n signify_v praeputium_fw-la or_o vinculum_fw-la and_o that_o if_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o render_v such_o a_o word_n into_o greek_a it_o signify_v 〈◊〉_d signify_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hence_o probable_o in_o hesychius_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d embrace_n venus_n in_o that_o place_n embrace_v her_o darling_n adonis_n and_o probable_o nacle_n have_v a_o like_a signification_n chap._n v._o a_o accounu_n of_o vaballathus_n have_v in_o the_o forego_n history_n aver_v that_o vaballathus_n be_v not_o the_o son_n of_o odenathus_n as_o the_o generality_n of_o writer_n have_v attest_v but_o the_o grandson_n of_o that_o heroic_a prince_n as_o mounseur_fw-fr tristan_n and_o f._n harduin_n have_v affirm_v i_o think_v myself_o oblige_v to_o give_v my_o reason_n for_o my_o opinion_n the_o roman_a and_o greek_a historian_n of_o those_o time_n be_v either_o whole_o ignorant_a of_o he_o as_o i_o think_v trebellius_n pollio_n zosimus_n and_o other_o be_v or_o mistake_v in_o his_o pedigree_n as_o vopiscus_n who_o be_v the_o only_a author_n who_o mention_n he_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o odenathus_n have_v grandson_n before_o he_o assume_v the_o purple_a 88_o trans_fw-la p._n 88_o appear_v to_o i_o very_o plain_a from_o the_o palmyrene_n inscription_n where_o septimius_n odenathus_n the_o same_o i_o believe_v with_o the_o emperor_n of_o that_o name_n at_o that_o time_n a_o man_n of_o the_o illustrious_a senatorian_a order_n and_o dignity_n build_v a_o monument_n for_o himself_o his_o son_n and_o nephew_n or_o grandson_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o those_o nephew_n can_v not_o be_v the_o offspring_n of_o herennianus_n and_o timolaus_n the_o son_n of_o zenobia_n be_v to_o i_o undoubted_a because_o at_o their_o father_n death_n they_o be_v very_o young_a say_v the_o roman_a historian_n zenobia_n 180._o trebel_n pol._n p._n 180._o quòd_fw-la parvuli_fw-la essent_fw-la silij_fw-la ejus_fw-la qui_fw-la supererant_fw-la herennianus_n &_o timolaus_n ipsa_fw-la suscepit_fw-la imperium_fw-la and_o therefore_o may_v be_v suppose_v the_o son_n of_o herodes_n or_o herodianus_n who_o odenathus_n beget_v on_o a_o former_a wife_n and_o for_o these_o reason_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o inscription_n i_o be_o incline_v to_o deduce_v the_o line_n of_o that_o family_n after_o the_o follow_a manner_n nasorus_n vaballathus_n airanes_n septimius_n odenathus_n n._n his_o first_o wife_n athenaeus_n herodes_n septimius_n airanes_n hermias_n vaballathus_n septimia_n zenobia_n his_o second_o wife_n herenniaâ—â—â—_n timolaus_n daughter_n marry_v at_o rome_n to_o person_n of_o the_o senatorian_a dignity_n their_o child_n at_o rome_n a._n c._n 400._o i_o have_v be_v encourage_v to_o believe_v that_o odenathus_n in_o the_o inscription_n be_v the_o same_o person_n with_o the_o emperor_n of_o that_o name_n from_o his_o prae-nomen_a septimius_n which_o can_v just_o be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v use_v in_o the_o east_n before_o the_o first_o emperor_n of_o that_o name_n make_v his_o inroad_n into_o persia_n now_o septimius_n severus_n die_v anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 211_o before_o which_o time_n odenathus_n may_v well_o presume_a to_o have_v be_v bear_v be_v murder_v ann._n chr._n 26â…ž_n and_o i_o have_v give_v he_o a_o second_o son_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o inscription_n where_o septimius_n airanes_n 99_o pag._n 99_o a_o man_n of_o the_o consular_a dignity_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v the_o son_n of_o odenathus_n the_o date_n of_o the_o ininscription_n confirm_v it_o viz._n a.c._n 253._o i_o have_v also_o adventure_v upon_o adjust_v the_o pedigree_n of_o his_o ancestor_n from_o the_o same_o inscription_n 88_o pag._n 88_o where_o septimius_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o airanes_n the_o grandson_n of_o vaballathus_n the_o great-grandson_n of_o nasorus_n according_a to_o the_o method_n of_o the_o arab_n who_o usual_o reckon_v their_o descent_n after_o that_o manner_n for_o i_o can_v think_v airanes_n to_o be_v the_o prae-nomen_a of_o vaballathus_n since_o all_o their_o forename_n be_v either_o roman_a or_o greek_a to_z neither_o of_o which_o language_n airanes_n belong_v i_o have_v also_o subscribe_v to_o the_o opinion_n of_o tristan_n and_o harduin_n that_o vaballathus_n be_v the_o son_n of_o herodes_n not_o only_o because_o herodes_n be_v in_o the_o coin_n represent_v with_o a_o beard_n which_o imply_v some_o year_n beyond_o youth_n while_o vaballathus_n have_v a_o very_a young_a face_n but_o because_o the_o coin_n declare_v he_o to_o have_v continue_a emperor_n after_o zenobia_n be_v conquer_v and_o i_o be_o so_o far_o from_o think_v that_o his_o mother-in-law_n hold_v the_o empire_n in_o his_o name_n that_o i_o believe_v she_o prosecute_v he_o as_o she_o do_v his_o father_n that_o she_o may_v enthrone_v she_o own_o child_n the_o subject_a it_o must_v be_v confess_v be_v much_o in_o the_o dark_a and_o for_o want_v of_o direction_n from_o the_o ancient_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v mistake_v but_o the_o lucky_a
palmyra_n say_v he_o undertake_v to_o persuade_v he_o to_o leave_n sicily_n and_o to_o travel_v into_o phoenicia_n other_o make_v it_o a_o part_n of_o arabia_n but_o it_o be_v common_o repute_v by_o ptolemy_n and_o other_o a_o part_n of_o syria_n as_o phoenicia_n be_v another_o part_n of_o that_o large_a country_n though_o zenobia_n in_o her_o letter_n abovementioned_a distinguish_v the_o palmyrenian_o from_o the_o syrian_n as_o 40._o as_o l._n 1._o p._n 40._o zosimus_n also_o do_v that_o it_o stand_v in_o a_o wilderness_n beside_o the_o holy_a writ_n and_o josephus_n paris_n josephus_n nat._n hist_o tom_fw-mi 1._o l._n 1._o §._o 21._o p._n 583._o ad_fw-la paris_n pliny_n who_o be_v contemporary_a with_o the_o jewish_a historian_n agree_v who_o thus_o describe_v it_o palmyra_n be_v a_o city_n eminent_a in_o its_o situation_n in_o the_o riches_n of_o its_o soil_n and_o its_o pleasant_a stream_n be_v surround_v on_o every_o side_n with_o a_o vast_a desert_n of_o sand_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n and_o do_v preseve_v its_o liberty_n in_o a_o private_a condition_n between_o the_o two_o mighty_a empire_n the_o roman_a and_o parthian_a and_o as_o soon_o as_o any_o war_n happen_v to_o break_v out_o it_o be_v equal_o their_o care_n to_o engage_v it_o on_o their_o side_n and_o in_o their_o interest_n it_o be_v distant_a from_o seleucia_n on_o the_o tigris_n 337_o mile_n from_o the_o neighbour_a shore_n of_o syria_n or_o the_o mediterranean_a 203_o and_o from_o damascus_n 176._o the_o same_o author_n in_o other_o place_n also_o mention_n the_o solitude_n of_o palmyra_n beyond_o which_o on_o one_o hand_n be_v stelendena_n a_o country_n not_o so_o much_o as_o name_v by_o other_o writer_n on_o the_o other_o side_n they_o reach_v home_o to_o emesa_n and_o to_o the_o westward_n as_o far_o as_o petra_n in_o arabia_n fellix_fw-la from_o whence_o to_o the_o persian_a gulf_n it_o be_v all_o desert_n it_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o euphrates_n a_o day_n be_v journey_n say_v sup_n say_v vbi_fw-la sup_n josephus_n not_o far_o from_o that_o noble_a river_n say_v 676._o say_v lib._n 5._o bell._n civ_o p._n 676._o appian_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o marc._n antony_n threaten_v the_o sack_n of_o the_o city_n the_o inhabitant_n immediate_o transport_v all_o their_o good_n beyond_o the_o river_n the_o bank_n of_o which_o they_o defend_v with_o their_o archer_n and_o so_o leave_v the_o town_n empty_a baffled_z the_o design_n and_o deceive_v the_o expectation_n of_o the_o roman_a troop_n but_o situate_v by_o a_o river_n that_o run_v by_o its_o wall_n who_o name_n ptolemy_n either_o know_v not_o or_o omit_v but_o other_o geographer_n call_v it_o palmyra_n etc._n domin_n marius_n niger_n maginus_fw-la etc._n etc._n affirm_v that_o it_o have_v its_o rise_n in_o the_o palmyrene_n mountain_n run_v through_o the_o country_n and_o at_o last_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o euphrates_n though_o now_o there_o be_v no_o footstep_n of_o its_o course_n leave_v nor_o be_v it_o a_o wonder_n that_o a_o small_a river_n shall_v be_v swallow_v up_o in_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n of_o such_o vast_a quantity_n of_o sand._n when_o solomon_n build_v it_o he_o give_v it_o all_o the_o advantage_n of_o strength_n and_o security_n that_o the_o rule_n of_o fortification_n in_o that_o age_n allow_v of_o and_o it_o continue_v so_o as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v a_o frontier_n garrison_n fence_v with_o strong_a wall_n and_o a_o advantageous_a situation_n but_o better_o guard_v by_o a_o brave_a garrison_n the_o militia_n of_o palmyra_n be_v esteem_v very_o stout_a their_o archer_n be_v excellent_a marks-man_n say_v sup_n say_v vbi_fw-la sup_n appian_n and_o their_o horseman_n well_o arm_v with_o heavy_a armour_n and_o very_o secure_a the_o army_n of_o zenobia_n say_v the_o historian_n consist_v of_o ancher_n 44._o zosim_fw-la l._n 1._o p._n 44._o and_o horseman_n arm_v cap-a-pé_a who_o notwithstanding_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o arm_n be_v much_o better_a horseman_n than_o the_o roman_n and_o such_o a_o 237._o a_o zonar_n tom_fw-mi 2._o p._n 237._o value_n do_v they_o set_v upon_o their_o horse_n that_o no_o great_a affront_n or_o disgrace_n can_v be_v offer_v to_o a_o palmyrenian_a than_o to_o take_v his_o horse_n from_o he_o nor_o do_v the_o roman_n disdain_v their_o assistance_n for_o in_o their_o militia_n with_o the_o assyrian_n and_o moor_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o palmyrene_n and_o osroene_n be_v muster_v chap._n iii_o palmtra_fw-mi be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n and_o give_v it_o its_o name_n be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a antiquity_n and_o great_a trade_n rich_a say_v pliny_n in_o the_o fertility_n of_o its_o soil_n but_o much_o more_o so_o by_o its_o commerce_n for_o it_o have_v not_o only_o the_o advantage_n of_o its_o own_o commodity_n but_o be_v the_o thoroughfare_a of_o all_o the_o merchant_n that_o live_v beyond_o it_o towards_o the_o mediterranean_a who_o trade_v to_o forath_n and_o charax_n and_o other_o port_n on_o the_o persian_a gulf_n if_o i_o right_o understand_v 722._o understand_v nat._n hist_o l._n 6._o §._o 32._o p._n 722._o pliny_n who_o say_v that_o at_o petra_n in_o arabia_n the_o two_o way_n meet_v both_o of_o those_o who_o come_v through_o palmyra_n probable_o from_o antioch_n seleucia_n in_o pisidia_n laodicea_n and_o other_o conterminous_a place_n and_o of_o those_o also_o who_o come_v from_o gaza_n travel_v towards_o the_o gulf_n it_o be_v impossible_a but_o the_o caravan_n who_o make_v that_o their_o constant_a road_n both_o to_o and_o from_o persia_n must_v help_v to_o enrich_v the_o stage_n where_o they_o bait_v but_o this_o be_v not_o all_o its_o happiness_n its_o inhabitant_n be_v great_a merchant_n say_v sup_n say_v vbi_fw-la sup_n appian_n and_o marc._n antony_n think_v the_o plunder_n of_o this_o city_n a_o sufficient_a recompense_n for_o all_o the_o fatigue_n and_o hardship_n which_o his_o horse_n endure_v in_o that_o country_n during_o the_o persian_a war_n though_o he_o fail_v of_o his_o attempt_n they_o have_v form_v themselves_o into_o a_o company_n under_o a_o precedent_n and_o governor_n of_o their_o own_o a_o east-india_n trade_n can_v well_o be_v carry_v on_o by_o a_o single_a person_n though_o he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o merchant_n of_o tyre_n who_o be_v companion_n of_o prince_n for_o i_o find_v in_o one_o of_o the_o inscription_n 99_o pag._n 99_o that_o septimius_n orodes_n be_v honour_v with_o a_o illustrious_a testimonial_a from_o 〈◊〉_d from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o word_n that_o appear_v in_o no_o author_n that_o i_o know_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d like_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etym._n m._n p._n 474._o or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d id._n ib._n those_o governor_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o trade_n be_v call_v at_o athens_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etym._n m._n &_o harpocrat_n v._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d their_o number_n say_v aristotle_n be_v ten_o their_o business_n to_o oversee_a the_o port_n and_o to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o corn_n that_o be_v bring_v thither_o for_o which_o purpose_n they_o have_v their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o it_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o most_o honourable_a benefaction_n to_o build_v such_o a_o granary_n philostrat_v vit._n polemon_n smyrnae_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o precedent_n or_o chief_n of_o the_o merchant_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o they_o carry_v the_o manufacture_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o asia_n down_o the_o euphrates_n to_o balsora_n or_o perhaps_o no_o far_o than_o vologesia_n append_v vid._n append_v and_o bring_v from_o persia_n the_o merchandize_n of_o india_n and_o arabia_n and_o so_o furnish_v the_o roman_n with_o spice_n and_o silk_n and_o other_o rich_a good_n for_o though_o they_o be_v say_v to_o lie_v far_o from_o the_o sea_n and_o without_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o river_n which_o must_v be_v retract_v since_o it_o ancient_o have_v the_o assistance_n of_o a_o river_n though_o it_o be_v since_o lose_v in_o the_o sand_n yet_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v they_o be_v not_o far_o from_o the_o euphrates_n a_o noble_a and_o navigable_a river_n and_o have_v the_o conveniency_n of_o their_o camel_n and_o dromedary_n by_o which_o sort_n of_o carriage_n all_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o east_n be_v former_o bring_v into_o europe_n by_o caravan_n before_o the_o cape_n of_o good-hope_a be_v discover_v but_o palmyra_n have_v its_o own_o product_n salt_n with_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n now_o drive_v a_o trade_n and_o date_n the_o fruit_n of_o their_o palm-tree_n which_o be_v not_o only_o great_a delicacy_n at_o rome_n and_o elsewhere_o 4._o plut._n sympos_fw-la 8._o qu._n 4._o for_o nicolaus_n damascenus_n think_v the_o date_n of_o syria_n a_o fit_a present_n for_o augustus_n and_o phoenicia_n have_v its_o name_n from_o its_o grave_v
this_o appendix_n such_o critical_a observation_n as_o i_o have_v make_v upon_o the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n and_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n with_o the_o honorary_a office_n which_o the_o man_n of_o eminence_n bear_v in_o the_o city_n to_o which_o i_o have_v add_v a_o account_n of_o their_o idolatry_n with_o a_o short_a separate_a history_n of_o vaballathus_n and_o longinus_n two_o great_a man_n of_o palmyra_n intend_v to_o conclude_v the_o dissertation_n with_o some_o remark_n upon_o the_o inscription_n find_v among_o the_o ruin_n of_o this_o once_o illustrious_a city_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o name_n tadmur_v and_o palmyra_n the_o precede_a history_n have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o foundation_n of_o palmyra_n i_o shall_v in_o this_o chapter_n account_v for_o the_o name_n which_o be_v give_v it_o in_o the_o syriac_a language_n tadmur_n but_o in_o the_o greek_a palmyra_n say_v josephus_n and_o first_o of_o tadmur_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o hebrew_n 2_o chron._n 8.34_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o the_o septuagint_n or_o as_o the_o alexandrian_a copy_n much_o near_o to_o the_o original_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o f._n harduin_n therefore_o very_o inept_o in_o his_o note_n on_o pliny_n call_v it_o theudemer_n and_o josephus_n as_o inartificial_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o st._n hierom_n in_o ezek._n 47._o and_o he_o be_v follow_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr spon_n and_o other_o affirm_v that_o thamar_n in_o the_o prophet_n who_o be_v state_v the_o limit_n of_o judaea_n to_o the_o south_n be_v no_o other_o than_o tadmur_n hie_v verò_fw-la terminus_fw-la plagae_fw-la australis_fw-la h._n e._n meridianae_fw-la incipit_fw-la à _fw-la thamar_n quae_fw-la vrbs_fw-la in_o solitudine_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la &_o solomon_n miris_fw-la operibus_fw-la instruxit_fw-la &_o hodiè_fw-la palmyra_n nuncupatur_fw-la hebreóque_fw-la sermone_fw-la thamar_n dicitur_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o linguâ_fw-la nostrâ_fw-la palma_n sonat_fw-la and_o i_o be_v once_o enclinable_a to_o have_v correct_v the_o translation_n of_o the_o septuagint_n from_o the_o hebrew_n and_o instead_o of_o what_o we_o now_o read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o have_v read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o thamar_n the_o city_n of_o palm-tree_n or_o palmyra_n but_o i_o have_v since_o alter_v my_o opinion_n because_o thamar_n be_v express_o say_v to_o be_v the_o border_n of_o judaea_n to_o the_o south_n whereas_o palmyra_n lie_v near_o direct_o east_n from_o jerusalem_n and_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o st._n hierom_n be_v deceive_v by_o the_o like_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n tamar_n in_o hebrew_a not_o tadmur_n signify_v a_o palmtree_n while_o palmyra_n be_v not_o allow_v to_o be_v of_o a_o roman_a but_o greek_a original_a and_o if_o so_o can_v be_v derive_v from_o palma_n a_o pure_a latin_a word_n and_o that_o the_o septuagint_n read_v the_o text_n aright_o theman_n be_v towards_o the_o south_n of_o judaea_n theman_n say_v the_o targum_fw-la of_o jonathan_n i._n e._n jericho_n a_o town_n say_v eusebius_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la hebr._fw-la 15_o mile_n distant_a from_o petra_n in_o arabia_n and_o be_v in_o the_o old_a testament_n often_o put_v for_o the_o whole_a country_n south_n of_o judaea_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o septuagint_n be_v not_o far_o distant_a from_o it_o as_o strabo_n l._n 16._o p._n 259._o affirm_v that_o petra_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o arabia_n nabataea_n that_o the_o country_n round_o it_o be_v desert_n especial_o towards_o judaea_n that_o it_o be_v situate_a three_o or_o four_o day_n journey_n from_o jericho_n and_o five_o from_o the_o palmetum_fw-la or_o city_n of_o palm-tree_n as_o i_o will_v render_v it_o i_o be_v also_o once_o of_o the_o opinion_n that_o palmyra_n have_v its_o denomination_n from_o the_o palm-tree_n as_o st._n jerom_n say_v express_o though_o tadmur_n be_v not_o a_o word_n of_o that_o signification_n but_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v derive_v rather_o from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d imply_v its_o admirable_a and_o stupendous_a situation_n probable_o because_o a_o fertile_a spot_n of_o ground_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o vast_a desert_n but_o because_o josephus_n seem_v to_o determine_v it_o to_o be_v of_o greek_a original_a i_o can_v think_v it_o derive_v from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o egyptian_a deity_n for_o what_o have_v the_o god_n of_o egypt_n to_o do_v near_o the_o bank_n of_o euphrates_n nor_o from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o king_n or_o father_n but_o from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v a_o persian_a shield_n or_o parma_n as_o the_o latin_n render_v it_o hesych_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d glossar_n vet._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o the_o palmyrenian_o be_v near_o neighbour_n to_o the_o persian_n while_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o either_o rome_n or_o egypt_n and_o from_o they_o with_o who_o they_o maintain_v a_o continual_a commerce_n may_v receive_v the_o name_n of_o their_o city_n which_o very_o well_o agree_v to_o a_o strong_a frontier_n town_n build_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o border_n and_o this_o exact_o quadrate_v with_o the_o arabic_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d damar_n praesidium_n and_o we_o may_v as_o well_o derive_v palmyrene_n from_o a_o persic_a original_a as_o the_o neighbour_a province_n osrhoene_n the_o two_o province_n be_v often_o confound_v for_o photius_n cod._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d style_v zenobia_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o queen_n of_o osrhoene_n which_o be_v without_o any_o dispute_n so_o denominate_v from_o osroes_n or_o chosroes_n the_o king_n of_o that_o country_n 49._o procop._n l._n 1._o pers_n c._n 17._o p._n 49._o and_o a_o confederate_a of_o the_o persian_n who_o give_v his_o name_n to_o edessa_n and_o the_o territory_n round_o it_o for_o i_o can_v be_v of_o the_o mind_n of_o malela_n though_o he_o seem_v by_o his_o often_o mention_v it_o 153._o par._n 1._o p._n 182._o par._n 2._o p._n 153._o to_o be_v fond_a of_o his_o etymology_n that_o it_o be_v call_v palmyra_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o be_v the_o place_n where_o goliath_n receive_v his_o fate_n at_o the_o hand_n of_o king_n david_n though_o the_o humour_n of_o give_v name_n to_o city_n or_o country_n from_o such_o fabulous_a encounter_n have_v not_o be_v altogether_o disuse_v for_o say_v damascius_n apud_fw-la phod_n cot._fw-la 242._o some_o affirm_v that_o his_o native_a city_n damascus_n be_v so_o call_v from_o ascus_n a_o giant_n who_o jupiter_n there_o overcome_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o i_o fear_v some_o of_o our_o historian_n zealous_a for_o the_o honour_n of_o brute_n will_v be_v find_v guilty_a of_o the_o same_o crime_n but_o though_o i_o can_v believe_v the_o fiction_n of_o david_n slay_v goliath_n at_o palmyra_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o that_o stout_a and_o victorious_a prince_n may_v have_v extend_v his_o empire_n as_o far_o as_o palmyra_n 60._o bechart_n spanhem_n hist_o job_n &_o hyde_n not._n in_o abr._n peritzol_n p._n 60._o when_o he_o invade_v hadadeze_a king_n of_o soba_n 2_o sam._n 8.3_o 1_o chron._n 18.3_o the_o euphrates_n be_v the_o eastern_a limit_v of_o syria_n sobah_n from_o beyond_o which_o river_n hadadeze_a bring_v his_o auxiliary_n i._n e._n from_o mesopotamia_n 2_o sam._n 10.16_o there_o call_v syria_n beyond_o the_o river_n as_o damascus_n be_v the_o western_a and_o palmyra_n be_v say_v 2_o chron._n 8.3_o 4._o to_o be_v situate_v in_o hamath_n soba_n or_o syria_n soba_n and_o the_o two_o city_n of_o arabia_n the_o desert_n sabe_n and_o barathena_n in_o ptolemy_n seem_v to_o be_v soba_n and_o berothai_n city_n of_o the_o sabean_o mention_v in_o the_o sacred_a write_n castaldus_n and_o ortelius_n affirm_v that_o palmyra_n be_v now_o call_v amegara_n but_o sanson_n say_v it_o be_v call_v faid_n as_o do_v nicolosius_n in_o his_o hercules_n siculus_n 263._o par._n 3._o p._n 263._o and_o other_o whereas_o it_o still_o retain_v its_o old_a denomination_n tadhmur_n as_o it_o always_o do_v among_o the_o syrian_n and_o arab_n 72._o l._n 2._o p._n 72._o the_o old_a geographer_n of_o ravenna_n reckon_v it_o among_o the_o city_n of_o caele-syria_n for_o so_o i_o will_v adventure_v to_o correct_v that_o author_n syria_n cilensin_n comagenis_n which_o mounseur_fw-fr porcheron_n read_v syria_n seleucis_n but_o it_o shall_v be_v read_v syria_n cele_v in_o comagenis_n but_o call_v it_o malmiora_fw-la which_o the_o editor_n say_v be_v mistake_v for_o palmyra_n and_o with_o he_o i_o agree_v though_o perhaps_o tamira_n in_o the_o same_o author_n may_v be_v set_v for_o tadmira_n as_o hepolis_n for_o heliopolis_n for_o that_o geographer_n live_v in_o the_o seven_o century_n ib._n ib._n when_o that_o city_n have_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o arab_n have_v recover_v its_o ancient_a syriack_n or_o arabic_a
syrian_a graver_n may_v spell_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o custom_n of_o bestow_v oil_n upon_o the_o citizen_n on_o solemn_a festival_n be_v well_o understand_v cestrania_n severina_n give_v a_o great_a sum_n to_o the_o college_n of_o the_o dendrophori_n 312.4_o grut._n 312.4_o that_o every_o year_n upon_o her_o birthday_n such_o a_o quantity_n of_o oil_n may_v be_v distribute_v to_o every_o one_o of_o they_o and_o t._n fundilius_n geminus_n give_v 414.2_o id._n 414.2_o beside_o his_o bequest_n to_o the_o chest_n of_o the_o augustale_n and_o the_o magistrate_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o people_n a_o feast_n 136.5_o id._n 136.5_o and_o a_o largess_n of_o oil_n on_o his_o birthday_n and_o l._n caecilius_n bequeath_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o como_n every_o year_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o neptune_n oil_n for_o their_o gymnasia_fw-la and_o their_o bath_n and_o for_o the_o exercise_n in_o the_o public_a place_n of_o sport_n as_o i_o will_v rendert_fw-ge he_o word_n in_o campo_fw-it i_o have_v read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o many_o other_o eastern_a city_n be_v style_v in_o the_o coin_n though_o monsieur_n patin_n etc._n p._n 130._o etc._n etc._n in_o his_o edition_n of_o the_o coin_n of_o maurocenus_n retain_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o those_o of_o the_o city_n of_o emsea_n carrae_n and_o antioch_n city_n of_o the_o east_n not_o far_o from_o palmyra_n in_o all_o which_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n the_o word_n shall_v be_v render_v metropolis_n colonia_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d never_o appear_v in_o any_o lexicon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v render_v by_o the_o critic_n conjunctio_fw-la in_o via_fw-la or_o iter_fw-la commune_v and_o septimius_n be_v magnify_v in_o the_o inscription_n for_o his_o defray_v the_o expense_n of_o the_o caravan_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o precedent_n of_o the_o merchant_n in_o a_o public_a meeting_n give_v he_o their_o testimonial_a according_a to_o custom_n 309.1_o grut._n 309.1_o so_o metrodorus_n the_o son_n of_o hermogenes_n the_o grandson_n of_o metrodorus_n be_v honour_v with_o a_o testimonial_a from_o the_o whole_a synod_n or_o college_n of_o priest_n of_o ceres_n and_o advance_v to_o the_o office_n of_o stephanephorus_n or_o the_o precedent_n of_o their_o country_n in_o holy_a thing_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o other_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d reward_v with_o the_o thanks_o of_o their_o public_a assembly_n 12._o inscript_n cossou_n n._n 12._o the_o merit_n of_o septimius_n be_v as_o illustrious_a as_o his_o country_n love_n towards_o he_o he_o have_v oblige_v their_o private_a society_n and_o be_v very_o magnificent_a to_o the_o whole_a city_n he_o have_v be_v a_o officer_n and_o behave_v himself_o with_o courage_n and_o reputation_n under_o his_o prince_n odaenathus_fw-la probable_o when_o he_o rout_v the_o persian_n and_o be_v that_o year_n when_o the_o monument_n be_v erect_v the_o symposiarch_n in_o the_o festival_n dedicate_v to_o jupiter_n belus_n their_o patron_n deity_n viz._n in_o the_o year_n 266._o after_o christ_n and_o of_o the_o empire_n of_o odaenathus_fw-la the_o â—_o â—_o 9_o i_o proceed_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o consider_v the_o monument_n erect_v by_o private_a person_n to_o the_o memory_n of_o their_o friend_n the_o first_o of_o which_o contain_v the_o grateful_a remembrance_n which_o the_o palmyrene_n merchant_n trade_v to_o vologesias_n retain_v of_o the_o great_a service_n which_o julius_n aurelius_n zebeidas_n do_v they_o in_o that_o expedition_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ...._o which_o with_o leave_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o vacant_a space_n and_o to_o correct_v the_o mistake_v may_v thus_o be_v read_v and_o render_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ...._o julium_n aurelium_n zebeidam_n mocimi_fw-la f._n zebeidae_n n._n perpetuum_fw-la commercii_fw-la curatorem_fw-la qui_fw-la cum_fw-la illo_fw-la descenderunt_fw-la ad_fw-la emporium_fw-la vologessiam_fw-la elegerunt_fw-la virum_fw-la iis_fw-la gratissimum_fw-la cultûs_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la mensae_fw-la martio_n anno_fw-la 558._o h._n e._n christi_fw-la 246._o philippi_n arabis_n imp._n 2o._o that_o palmyra_n be_v a_o city_n of_o great_a trade_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n eminent_a merchant_n have_v be_v already_o prove_v from_o appian_n and_o pliny_n as_o also_o that_o their_o commerce_n be_v maintain_v both_o with_o persia_n and_o the_o western_a empire_n which_o also_o be_v do_v by_o other_o frontier_n city_n though_o under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o roman_a prince_n as_o by_o nisibis_n and_o edessa_n of_o who_o the_o old_a geographer_n say_v that_o they_o be_v people_v with_o man_n of_o condition_n excellent_o skilled_a in_o all_o the_o method_n of_o trade_n 10_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d §._o 16._o p._n 10_o great_a navigator_n very_o rich_a and_o master_n of_o all_o worldly_a plenty_n that_o what_o they_o buy_v of_o the_o persian_n they_o sell_v to_o the_o roman_n deal_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n but_o contraband_n good_n brass_n and_o iron_n which_o they_o be_v forbid_v to_o sell_v to_o the_o enemy_n of_o persia_n which_o character_n seem_v exact_o suit_v to_o the_o palmyrene_n merchant_n for_o that_o they_o trade_v to_o vologesias_n a_o city_n under_o the_o persian_a jurisdiction_n be_v plain_a from_o the_o inscription_n in_o which_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v neither_o the_o town_n of_o olgassus_n nor_o the_o name_n of_o a_o man_n but_o of_o a_o famous_a city_n on_o the_o euphrates_n not_o far_o from_o its_o confluence_n with_o the_o tigris_n babylon_n say_v 71â…”_n say_v nat._n hist_o l._n 6._o §._o 30._o p._n 71â…”_n pliny_n be_v once_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o eastern_a empire_n and_o the_o great_a mart_n of_o trade_n but_o it_o fall_v into_o decay_n when_o seleucus_n nicator_n build_v seleucia_n where_o the_o two_o river_n meet_v situate_v in_o a_o most_o fruitful_a soil_n and_o common_o call_v babylon_n to_o eclipse_v the_o glory_n and_o lower_v the_o trade_n of_o seleucia_n the_o parthian_n after_o they_o have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o east_n build_v ctesiphon_n three_o mile_n from_o seleucia_n on_o the_o eastern_a bank_n of_o tigris_n and_o there_o sixth_o the_o residence_n of_o their_o king_n but_o this_o project_n not_o answer_v expectation_n king_n vologeses_n who_o in_o a_o coin_n in_o the_o cabinet_n of_o pope_n alexander_n the_o seven_o be_v style_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o all_o his_o lofty_a title_n according_a to_o the_o rhodomontade_fw-la of_o the_o parthian_a and_o persian_a king_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o which_o epithet_n in_o another_o coin_n in_o monsieur_n patin_n be_v add_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v contemporary_a with_o nero_n and_o vespasian_n build_v another_o city_n which_o from_o his_o own_o name_n he_o call_v vologesocerta_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n 18_o mile_n distant_a say_v the_o peutinger_n table_n but_o to_o the_o south_n of_o babylon_n and_o there_o probable_o fix_v the_o staple_n of_o trade_n from_o the_o persian_a gulf_n and_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o east_n this_o city_n be_v call_v by_o stephanus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o ptolomee_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d volocessia_n in_o the_o peutinger_n table_n and_o vologessia_n by_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n but_o by_o pliny_n according_a to_o the_o persic_a termination_n vologesocerta_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v hesychius_n to_o prove_v which_o assertion_n there_o be_v a_o eminent_a passage_n in_o pliny_n 66¾_n n._n h._n l._n 6._o §._o 10._o p._n 66¾_n that_o among_o the_o city_n of_o armenia_n the_o less_o armosate_n be_v situate_a near_o the_o euphrates_n carcathiocerta_n near_o the_o tigris_n which_o 527._o which_o lib._n 11._o p._n 527._o strabo_n affirm_v be_v the_o royal_a city_n of_o sophene_n but_o on_o the_o mountain_n tigranocerta_n stand_v and_o for_o artasigarta_n which_o ptolemee_n 13._o ptolemee_n l._n 5._o c._n 13._o place_n in_o armenia_n the_o great_a i_o will_v read_v artaxicerta_n zadracarta_n be_v also_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o hyrcania_n say_v 71._o say_v lib._n 3._o the_o exp_v alex._n p._n 71._o arrian_n and_o i_o can_v but_o remark_n that_o this_o word_n either_o in_o termination_n or_o prefix_v in_o almost_o all_o language_n signify_v a_o city_n in_o hebrew_a kiriath-arba_n be_v the_o city_n of_o arba_n kiriath-seph_a be_v the_o city_n of_o book_n in_o the_o punic_a carthage_n be_v the_o new_a city_n in_o the_o scythian_a carpaluk_n the_o city_n of_o fish_n say_v tzetzes_n 224._o chil._n 8._o c._n 224._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o our_o own_o british_a cair-lundein_a london_n cair-kent_n canterbury_n cair-went_a winchester_n etc._n etc._n and_o probable_o among_o the_o egyptian_n gran-cair_a have_v its_o name_n from_o this_o original_a or_o all_o cahira_n as_o the_o arabian_n call_v it_o to_o this_o city_n vologesia_n the_o merchant_n of_o palmyra_n trade_v not_o long_o after_o it_o be_v make_v a_o mart_n
of_o the_o famous_a mithradates_n march_v against_o aretas_n the_o king_n of_o the_o arab_n appian_n call_v he_o king_n of_o the_o nabataean_a arab_n ann_n v._o c._n 690._o ante_fw-la christum_fw-la 63._o his_o kingdom_n reach_v from_o the_o river_n euphrates_n to_o the_o red_a sea_n say_v dio_n l._n 36._o in_o which_o compass_n palmyra_n must_v be_v include_v this_o aretas_n be_v doubtless_o one_o of_o the_o al-hariths_a of_o the_o arabian_n who_o be_v king_n of_o gessan_n and_o in_o late_a age_n lord_n of_o taahmur_n after_o which_o time_n i_o believe_v it_o acknowledge_v the_o roman_a power_n but_o be_v govern_v by_o its_o own_o law_n have_v under_o its_o immediate_a jurisdiction_n beside_o the_o three_o city_n on_o the_o river_n already_o mention_v twelve_o more_o in_o the_o inland_n of_o syria_n when_o trajan_n make_v his_o glorious_a expedition_n into_o persia_n i_o conjecture_v palmyra_n be_v a_o sufferer_n in_o the_o common_a calamity_n of_o that_o country_n for_o pliny_n say_v it_o be_v sometime_o in_o the_o roman_a at_o other_o in_o the_o parthian_a interest_n or_o else_o it_o will_v not_o have_v need_v hadrian_n assistance_n to_o rebuild_v and_o beautify_v it_o while_o other_o city_n taste_v of_o trajan_n bounty_n for_o from_o trajan_n expedition_n in_o the_o 8_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n of_o christ_n 105._o the_o inhabitant_n of_o bozra_n and_o petra_n date_v their_o write_n say_v the_o author_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a chronicle_n l._n 3._o p._n 105._o and_o zosimus_n affirm_v that_o at_o zaragardia_n not_o far_o from_o the_o euphrates_n on_o the_o persian_a side_n in_o his_o time_n there_o stand_v a_o noble_a throne_n build_v of_o stone_n which_o the_o native_n call_v trajan_n throne_n erect_v i_o doubt_v not_o in_o memory_n of_o his_o illustrious_a achievement_n in_o that_o country_n but_o whatever_o palmyra_n may_v have_v suffer_v under_o trajan_n be_v repair_v by_o his_o successor_n who_o give_v the_o city_n his_o own_o name_n and_o they_o in_o gratitude_n make_v vow_n for_o his_o recovery_n not_o in_o the_o last_o the_o 19_o of_o his_o reign_n as_o through_o haste_n be_v say_v f._n 35_o 36._o he_o reign_v almost_o 22_o year_n but_o in_o the_o seventeen_o from_o which_o sickness_n he_o recover_v to_o die_v afterward_o in_o great_a torment_n and_o this_o i_o mention_v here_o that_o i_o may_v correct_v the_o mistake_n in_o the_o history_n to_o this_o city_n septimius_n severus_n may_v also_o be_v presume_v a_o benefactor_n to_o who_o before_o his_o famous_a expedition_n against_o the_o parthian_n sparta_n vit_fw-mi septim_fw-la p._n 67._o when_o he_o rout_v niger_n with_o who_o the_o arab_n parthian_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o adiabene_n join_v their_o force_n the_o republic_a give_v their_o assistance_n against_o the_o ally_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o adopt_v his_o name_n into_o their_o most_o eminent_a family_n after_o which_o time_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o zenobia_n i_o take_v they_o to_o have_v be_v in_o confederacy_n with_o and_o subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n for_o they_o assist_v both_o alexander_n severus_n and_o gordian_n in_o their_o expedition_n into_o the_o east_n against_o the_o persian_n as_o the_o inscription_n testify_v only_o it_o look_v probable_a that_o upon_o the_o captivity_n of_o valerian_n the_o senate_n for_o a_o while_o dissemble_v their_o interest_n and_o acknowledge_v the_o power_n of_o sapores_fw-la in_o the_o battle_n at_o immae_n where_o zenobia_n be_v rout_v s._n hierom_n affirm_v that_o pompeianus_n the_o frank_n settle_v at_o antioch_n but_o the_o family_n be_v unquestionable_o fix_v in_o that_o country_n long_o before_o capitol_n marcus_n for_o when_o marcus_n the_o philosopher_n undertake_v the_o german_a war_n he_o marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o claudius_n pompeianus_n who_o be_v of_o antioch_n this_o also_o i_o mention_v to_o correct_v another_o mistake_n after_o the_o captivity_n of_o zenobia_n the_o city_n be_v a_o spectacle_n of_o pity_n but_o be_v a_o necessary_a frontier_n be_v repair_v and_o in_o dioclesian_n time_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n in_o the_o day_n of_o constantius_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v note_v as_o now_o for_o great_a robber_n p._n 8._o say_v the_o old_a geographer_n set_v out_o by_o gothofred_n and_o govern_v by_o woman_n but_o that_o i_o take_v for_o grant_v be_v a_o error_n as_o if_o when_o zenobia_n have_v begin_v to_o wield_v a_o sceptre_n none_o but_o her_o own_o sex_n in_o that_o country_n dare_v pretend_v to_o command_v malel_n part_n 2._o p._n 39_o theodosius_n the_o great_a divide_a libanesia_n from_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o phoenicia_n and_o make_v it_o a_o distinct_a province_n emesa_n be_v the_o metropolis_n under_o who_o jurisdiction_n palmyra_n be_v put_v and_o so_o continue_v when_o the_o follower_n of_o mahomet_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o that_o country_n and_o for_o many_o century_n after_o for_o in_o abulfedas_n time_n above_o 1300_o after_o christ_n tadhmur_v acknowledge_v hem_n emesa_n its_o metropolis_n and_o probable_o it_o be_v so_o after_o his_o time_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o same_o theodosius_n if_o p._n 28._o ed._n gron._n ethicus_n or_o whoever_o go_v under_o that_o name_n live_v in_o those_o day_n or_o before_o for_o st._n hierome_n be_v say_v to_o have_v translate_v he_o palmyra_n be_v reckon_v among_o the_o famous_a town_n of_o the_o east_n as_o it_o be_v also_o by_o p._n 8._o julius_n honorius_n who_o live_v before_o theodoric_n for_o cassiodore_n mention_n he_o palmira_n damascus_fw-la read_v palmyra_n damascus_n and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a chronicon_fw-la among_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o the_o four_o climate_n reckon_v palmyra_n with_o apamea_n emesa_n etc._n etc._n in_o caele_n syria_n in_o justinian_n time_n it_o become_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o east_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o constantinopolitan_a empire_n but_o it_o be_v probable_a do_v not_o continue_v long_o in_o that_o state_n for_o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 640._o when_o heraclius_n be_v emperor_n jabalah_n the_o son_n of_o al_n iham_n be_v king_n of_o gassan_n and_o lord_n of_o tadhmur_n perhaps_o a_o tributary_n to_o heraclius_n who_o be_v overcome_v by_o omar_n the_o caliph_n one_o of_o mahomet_n successor_n submit_v and_o turn_v mahometan_n but_o repent_v he_o afterward_o go_v to_o constantinople_n pococ_fw-la not_o in_o specim_fw-la hist_o ar._n p._n 77_o 136._o and_o become_v a_o christian_a and_o at_o this_o time_n i_o believe_v mahometanism_n settle_v itself_o at_o tadhmur_n the_o tribe_n of_o gassan_n be_v before_o those_o day_n christian_n i_o shall_v not_o particular_o undertake_v to_o demonstrate_v the_o usefulness_n of_o coin_n and_o inscription_n the_o learned_a world_n have_v be_v already_o full_o convince_v of_o that_o truth_n how_o many_o difficult_a and_o obscure_a passage_n in_o chronology_n have_v be_v set_v in_o their_o due_a light_n how_o many_o series_n of_o king_n have_v be_v regular_o deduce_v what_o rite_n and_o custom_n both_o sacred_a and_o civil_a have_v be_v by_o those_o help_v discover_v needs_o no_o further_a proof_n though_o be_v there_o nothing_o else_o at_o palmyra_n to_o be_v see_v but_o the_o noble_a ruin_n of_o the_o temple_n and_o palace_n build_v according_a to_o the_o best_a and_o bold_a rule_n of_o the_o ancient_a architecture_n i_o shall_v think_v a_o journey_n thither_o on_o that_o errand_n alone_o worth_a the_o undertake_n and_o though_o the_o old_a of_o the_o palmyrene_n inscription_n be_v a_o hundred_o year_n young_a than_o our_o bless_a saviour_n incarnation_n as_o i_o have_v make_v appear_v in_o the_o commentary_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o so_o contemptible_a as_o some_o have_v imagine_v but_o afford_v we_o some_o memorial_n of_o those_o time_n which_o no_o where_n else_o occur_v and_o by_o the_o same_o argument_n the_o use_n of_o the_o greek_a ε_n which_o appear_v not_o till_o about_o domitian_n time_n by_o which_o i_o postpone_v the_o old_a inscription_n at_o tadhmur_n a_o hundred_o year_n may_v we_o prove_v the_o spuriousness_n of_o that_o table_n preserve_v at_o rome_n which_o be_v report_v to_o contain_v the_o very_a title_n which_o by_o pilat_n order_n be_v affix_v to_o the_o cross_n of_o our_o lord_n for_o therein_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v write_v with_o the_o same_o sort_n of_o ε._n it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o in_o the_o palmyrene_n inscription_n be_v some_o peculiar_a word_n which_o occur_v not_o in_o the_o lexica_fw-la as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n of_o which_o sort_n there_o be_v more_o in_o other_o old_a marble_n nor_o be_v it_o any_o wonder_n that_o in_o a_o remote_a part_n of_o syria_n where_o a_o different_a language_n be_v speak_v pric_n in_o apul._n apolog._n p._n 67._o de_fw-fr foedere_fw-la hierapytniorum_fw-la &_o priansens_n sciunt_fw-la doctiores_fw-la usquequo_fw-la huc_fw-la progredi_fw-la licet_fw-la scripta_fw-la hoc_fw-la genus_fw-la non_fw-la
say_v l._n 19_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n be_v as_o extravagant_a as_o those_o of_o a_o mother_n for_o a_o only_a son_n the_o epistle_n send_v from_o alexandria_n to_o give_v notice_n that_o osiris_n or_o adonis_n be_v find_v be_v mention_v say_v the_o father_n by_o the_o prophet_n isaiah_n 18.2_o wo_n to_o the_o land_n that_o send_v their_o ambassador_n by_o the_o sea_n in_o vessel_n of_o bulrush_n upon_o the_o water_n or_o as_o the_o septuagint_n more_o pertinent_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o mournful_a solemnity_n by_o the_o prophet_n ezekiel_n 8.14_o who_o among_o the_o abominable_a idolatry_n of_o the_o people_n of_o the_o jew_n mention_n the_o woman_n weep_v for_o thammûz_n cyril_n in_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ità _fw-la &_o procop._n in_o loc_n &_o theodorit_n in_o ezek._n 8._o hieron_n ib._n stephan_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d procop._n ubi_fw-la supr_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o from_o egypt_n the_o superstition_n spread_v itself_o over_o all_o the_o neighbour_a country_n over_o phoenicia_n syria_n and_o cyprus_n who_o challenge_v the_o mock_n deity_n for_o their_o own_o nor_o do_v the_o peculiar_a people_n of_o god_n the_o israelite_n escape_v the_o infection_n but_o they_o also_o fall_v into_o the_o same_o madness_n the_o old_a arabian_a zabii_n say_v ben_n maimon_n affirm_v that_o in_o that_o night_n in_o which_o thammùz_n be_v slay_v all_o the_o idol_n that_o be_v in_o the_o world_n meet_v at_o babylon_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o sun_n who_o relate_v to_o they_o what_o have_v befall_v thammûz_n whereupon_o the_o image_n weep_v and_o lament_v all_o night_n and_o the_o next_o morning_n every_o one_o of_o they_o fly_v back_o to_o his_o old_a station_n from_o whence_o say_v he_o come_v the_o custom_n of_o mourn_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n over_o thammûz_n in_o the_o month_n call_v by_o his_o name_n the_o month_n thammûz_n ses_fw-fr st._n hierome_n answer_v to_o our_o june_n and_o the_o jewish_a astronomer_n call_v the_o sun_n entrance_n into_o cancer_n thekupha_n thammuz_o the_o revolution_n or_o period_n of_o thammuz_n the_o whole_a feast_n be_v call_v by_o the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o death_n of_o the_o mock_n god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o search_n after_o he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o findhim_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o festival_n have_v a_o place_n in_o the_o old_a calendar_n gruter_n 138_o 139._o in_o which_o we_o find_v isid_n aavigium_n not_o lavatio_fw-la as_o vrsinus_n read_v it_o but_o navigium_fw-la as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v read_v and_o in_o another_o month_n heurisis_n v._o macrob._n saturnal_a l._n 1._o c._n 21._o the_o whole_a have_v its_o mythological_a moral_a for_o by_o adonis_n osiris_n and_o thammuz_n be_v mean_v the_o sun_n who_o when_o the_o summer_n solstice_n be_v past_a move_v backward_o towards_o the_o south_n seem_v to_o have_v deprive_v the_o northern_a hemisphere_n of_o his_o presence_n and_o influence_n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o l._n 4._o c._n 14._o julius_n pollux_n say_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o phoenicia_n call_v adonis_n gingras_n probable_o from_o the_o name_n of_o a_o pipe_n make_v of_o the_o bone_n of_o a_o goose-leg_n which_o they_o use_v in_o his_o solemnity_n which_o make_v a_o very_a melancholy_n and_o sorrowful_a music_n and_o they_o have_v a_o dance_n call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o first_o inventor_n of_o husbandry_n who_o die_v in_o the_o summertime_n as_o he_o be_v hunt_v and_o who_o be_v honour_v yearly_o with_o a_o mournful_a song_n by_o the_o farmer_n of_o the_o country_n who_o at_o that_o time_n use_v to_o sow_v their_o wheat_n and_o barley_n in_o the_o field_n near_o the_o city_n say_v the_o scholiast_n on_o therocritus_n accompany_v by_o as_o doleful_a instrumental_a music_n the_o custom_n still_o in_o use_n at_o aleppo_n of_o frequent_v the_o river_n at_o this_o festival_n i_o presume_v have_v its_o original_a also_o in_o egypt_n where_o the_o inhabitant_n pay_v a_o peculiar_a veneration_n to_o the_o water_n of_o nilus_n as_o st._n athanasius_n who_o be_v bear_v there_o affirm_v and_o lactantius_n add_v that_o they_o worship_v the_o river_n yearly_a because_o there_o isis_n begin_v her_o search_n of_o osiris_n that_o all_o this_o pomp_n be_v old_a than_o the_o jewish_a captivity_n the_o holy_a writ_n aver_v it_o last_v to_o the_o day_n of_o plutarch_n and_o the_o astronomer_n ptolomee_o who_o mention_v it_o as_o do_v almost_o all_o the_o old_a apologist_n for_o christianity_n julius_n pollux_n enumerate_v the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o mourn_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o commodus_n and_o lucian_n aver_v that_o he_o see_v one_o of_o those_o little_a ark_n that_o bring_v the_o letter_n from_o alexandria_n float_v into_o the_o harbour_n while_o he_o be_v at_o byblus_n the_o practice_n continue_v in_o egypt_n when_o cyril_n be_v patriarch_n there_o about_o the_o year_n 440_o after_o christ_n and_o in_o phoenicia_n in_o the_o time_n of_o procopius_n of_o gaza_n who_o live_v above_o a_o 100_o year_n after_o cyril_n and_o to_o this_o day_n be_v in_o use_n at_o aleppo_n as_o my_o honour_a friend_n inform_v i_o and_o probable_o in_o some_o other_o city_n of_o that_o country_n i_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o make_v this_o digression_n which_o be_v not_o disagreeable_a to_o my_o subject_n and_o if_o the_o reader_n who_o i_o earnest_o desire_v to_o correct_v the_o errata_fw-la before_o he_o begin_v the_o book_n find_v any_o advantage_n by_o the_o undertake_n i_o shall_v not_o think_v my_o time_n ill_o employ_v the_o content_n of_o the_o several_a chapter_n in_o the_o history_n chap._n 1._o the_o building_n of_o tadmur_n by_o solomon_n page_n 3_o chap._n 2._o the_o situation_n product_v and_o inhabitant_n p._n 6._o chap._n 3._o the_o commerce_n and_o riches_n of_o the_o city_n p._n 11._o chap._n 4._o the_o civil_a government_n of_o the_o city_n from_o solmon_n be_v time_n p._n 16._o chap._n 5._o the_o religion_n and_o ecclesiastical_a government_n p._n 19_o chap._n 6._o it_o be_v several_a fortune_n from_o its_o foundation_n to_o alexander_n the_o great_a p._n 24._o chap._n 7._o it_o be_v state_n under_o the_o king_n of_o syria_n to_o augustus_n p._n 26._o chap._n 8._o it_o be_v condition_n from_o the_o reign_n of_o augustus_n to_o hadrian_n p._n 28._o chap._n 9_o the_o state_n of_o the_o city_n under_o hadrian_n p._n 33._o chap._n 10._o it_o be_v several_a fortune_n from_o hadrian_n to_o gallienus_n p._n 38._o chap._n 11._o the_o life_n and_o athievement_n of_o odenathus_n p._n 42._o chap._n 12._o the_o state_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n at_o that_o time_n with_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o act_n of_o odenathus_n p._n 47._o chap._n 13._o the_o folly_n and_o stupidity_n of_o gallienus_n with_o the_o victory_n of_o odenathus_n over_o the_o persian_n p._n 53._o chap._n 14._o the_o victory_n of_o odenathus_n over_o quietus_n and_o balista_n p._n 60._o chap._n 15._o the_o murder_n of_o odenathus_n the_o short_a reign_n of_o maeonius_n with_o his_o character_n p._n 66._o chap._n 16._o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n valerian_n p._n 70._o chap._n 17._o the_o original_a and_o birth_n of_o zenobia_n p._n 76._o chap._n 18._o her_o learning_n magnificence_n and_o virtue_n p._n 80._o chap._n 19_o the_o religion_n of_o zenobia_n p._n 85._o chap._n 20._o her_o courage_n and_o bravery_n p._n 89._o chap._n 21._o her_o illustrious_a atchivement_n victory_n over_o heraclian_n and_o conquest_n of_o egypt_n p._n 94._o chap._n 22._o the_o reign_n of_o aurelian_a the_o battle_n of_o imma_n p._n 100_o chap._n 23._o the_o fatal_a battle_n of_o emesa_n the_o siege_n of_o palmyra_n p._n 105._o chap._n 24._o palmyra_n take_v zenobia_n make_v a_o prisoner_n p._n 111._o chap._n 25._o zenobia_n be_v minister_n slay_v and_o among_o they_o longinus_n p._n 115._o chap._n 26._o the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o palmyrenian_o the_o city_n destroy_v by_o aurelian_a p._n 117._o chap._n 27._o the_o history_n of_o firmius_n zenobia_n be_v confederate_a p._n 121._o chap._n 28._o the_o account_n of_o zenobia_n till_o aurelian_a be_v triumph_v p._n 124._o chap._n 29._o the_o triumph_n of_o aurelian_a over_o zenobia_n and_o tetricus_n p._n 127._o chap._n 30._o the_o history_n of_o zenobia_n after_o the_o triumph_n till_o her_o death_n with_o a_o account_n of_o her_o family_n p._n 133._o chap._n 31._o the_o murder_n of_o aurelian_a p._n 136._o chap._n 32._o the_o state_n of_o palmyra_n under_o dioclesian_n p._n 140._o chap._n 33._o the_o history_n of_o palmyra_n from_o the_o reign_n of_o honorius_n to_o justinian_n p._n 150._o chap._n 34._o the_o state_n of_o palmyra_n from_o justinian_n to_o the_o present_a age_n p._n 153._o in_o the_o appendix_n the_o inscription_n p._n 163._o chap._n 1._o of_o the_o name_n tadmur_n and_o palmyra_n p._n 175._o
old_a all_o of_o palmyra_n who_o by_o divers_a torment_n obtain_v the_o crown_n of_o martyrdom_n it_o be_v true_a there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o these_o brave_a woman_n in_o the_o old_a roman_a martyrology_n as_o rosweyd_a account_n it_o nor_o in_o ado_n of_o vienna_n but_o the_o act_n of_o st._n febronia_n who_o suffer_v under_o dioclesian_n at_o sibapolis_n perhaps_o scythopolis_n 25._o v._o mart._n jun._n 25._o or_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o syria_n mention_v they_o as_o person_n who_o suffer_v in_o the_o same_o cruel_a persecution_n it_o be_v plain_a from_o the_o inscription_n find_v at_o tadhmur_n that_o dioclesian_n have_v be_v in_o that_o country_n and_o from_o the_o church-historian_n that_o he_o raise_v a_o violent_a persecution_n in_o syria_n and_o that_o which_o give_v rise_v to_o it_o be_v in_o all_o likelihood_n that_o which_o eusebius_n observe_v that_o a_o little_a while_n after_o the_o christian_n of_o nicodemia_n have_v feel_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o emperor_n several_a confederacy_n be_v form_v in_o melitene_n and_o other_o part_n of_o syria_n to_o seize_v the_o empire_n and_o to_o dethrone_v dioclesian_n now_o in_o every_o insurrection_n or_o tumult_n the_o christian_n be_v sure_a to_o suffer_v as_o the_o author_n of_o sedition_n though_o they_o be_v the_o most_o peaceable_a and_o loyal_a man_n in_o the_o world_n both_o by_o principle_n and_o practice_n thus_o christianity_n subsist_v in_o those_o day_n of_o persecution_n when_o the_o number_n of_o martyr_n increase_v the_o number_n of_o confessor_n but_o than_o peace_n and_o plenty_n be_v by_o the_o bounty_n of_o the_o great_a constantine_n and_o his_o successor_n make_v the_o church_n patrimony_n i_o question_v not_o but_o the_o follower_n of_o our_o bless_a saviour_n at_o palmyra_n have_v their_o share_n of_o the_o prosperity_n which_o their_o brethren_n enjoy_v till_o the_o viciousness_n of_o the_o christian_a moral_n and_o the_o execrable_a opinion_n and_o heresy_n that_o debauch_v the_o faith_n of_o the_o oriental_n subject_v those_o once_o famous_a church_n to_o the_o mahometan_a yoke_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o syria_n submit_v to_o the_o power_n and_o acknowledge_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o successor_n of_o that_o false_a prophet_n i_o presume_v palmyra_n be_v by_o degree_n reduce_v to_o the_o mean_a condition_n in_o which_o it_o now_o be_v for_o perhaps_o no_o one_o city_n have_v run_v so_o many_o risk_n of_o different_a fortune_n as_o palmyra_n though_o it_o have_v hitherto_o preserve_v its_o ancient_a name_n and_o situation_n while_n of_o ctesiphon_n and_o persepolis_n niniveh_n and_o babylon_n with_o many_o other_o city_n in_o that_o part_n of_o asia_n it_o may_v be_v aver_v what_o the_o psalmist_n say_v of_o sodom_n and_o the_o other_o city_n which_o god_n destroy_v their_o memorial_n be_v perish_v with_o they_o chap._n vi_o it_o be_v a_o very_a difficult_a task_n to_o give_v a_o just_a and_o clear_a account_n of_o the_o several_a fate_n of_o ancient_a kingdom_n and_o government_n especial_o when_o nature_n have_v seem_v to_o please_v itself_o by_o place_v they_o in_o a_o remote_a situation_n and_o at_o a_o distance_n both_o of_o place_n and_o communication_n from_o other_o nation_n and_o this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o tadhmur_n which_o be_v repair_v if_o not_o build_v by_o solomon_n a_o great_a a_o wise_a and_o a_o victorious_a prince_n who_o beautify_v it_o with_o whatever_o may_v afford_v it_o strength_n and_o ornament_n lose_v i_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v in_o a_o little_a time_n after_o under_o his_o son_n rehoboam_n when_o through_o his_o folly_n and_o god_n just_a judgement_n the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o territory_n revolt_v from_o he_o i_o conjecture_v that_o as_o long_o as_o the_o kingdom_n of_o damascus_n keep_v up_o its_o grandeur_n so_o long_a palmyra_n be_v in_o peace_n either_o under_o those_o king_n or_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o its_o own_o senate_n 23.29_o 2_o king_n 23.29_o but_o when_o pharaoh_n necoh_n go_v up_o against_o the_o king_n of_o assyria_n to_o the_o river_n euphrates_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o all_o syria_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o be_v for_o a_o while_o subject_a to_o he_o till_o nabuchadnezzar_n conquer_v all_o those_o country_n home_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o pelusium_n now_o damiata_n the_o 152._o the_o jo._n males_n par_fw-fr 2._o pag._n 152._o fabulous_a historian_n of_o antioch_n will_v have_v the_o world_n believe_v that_o when_o nabuchadnezzar_n intend_v to_o besiege_v jerusalem_n it_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o jew_n who_o have_v man_v it_o with_o a_o very_a stout_a garrison_n and_o that_o victorious_a prince_n not_o think_v fit_a to_o leave_v a_o place_n so_o well_o fortify_v behind_o he_o sit_v down_o before_o it_o and_o when_o he_o have_v take_v it_o burn_v it_o and_o then_o besiege_v and_o take_v jerusalem_n after_o this_o it_o continue_v tributary_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o babylonish_n and_o persian_a empire_n though_o perhaps_o govern_v by_o a_o senate_n of_o its_o own_o citizen_n and_o in_o the_o same_o state_n it_o remain_v under_o the_o successor_n of_o the_o great_a alexander_n the_o king_n of_o syria_n be_v unite_v by_o seleucus_n i_o doubt_v not_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o territory_n whence_o in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o other_o city_n under_o his_o government_n it_o receive_v the_o use_n of_o the_o syrian_a epocha_n the_o aera_fw-la antiochena_fw-la dhilcarnain_n or_o seleucidarum_fw-la and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o macedonian_a month_n which_o the_o inscription_n undeniable_o prove_v chap._n vii_o syria_n say_v 676._o say_v bell._n civ_o l._n 5._o p._n 676._o appian_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o posterity_n of_o selencus_fw-la nicator_n to_o the_o day_n of_o antiochus_n pius_n and_o his_o son_n but_o when_o pompey_n the_o great_a conquer_v it_o and_o make_v it_o a_o province_n it_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o roman_a precedent_n the_o first_o who_o bear_v that_o office_n be_v scaurus_n and_o after_o he_o though_o not_o immediate_o gabinius_n gabinius_n be_v succeed_v by_o crassus_n who_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o parthian_n leave_v his_o government_n to_o bibulus_n but_o whether_o in_o all_o this_o space_n of_o time_n while_o the_o roman_a eagle_n hover_v over_o the_o east_n palmyra_n be_v a_o sharer_n in_o in_o the_o common_a calamity_n and_o feel_v the_o talon_n of_o that_o bird_n of_o prey_n we_o have_v no_o account_n after_o the_o death_n of_o julius_n caesar_n every_o city_n submit_v to_o a_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o the_o parthian_n afford_v they_o their_o assistance_n have_v upon_o the_o invitation_n of_o those_o tyrant_n penetrate_v syria_n this_o incense_a marc_n antony_n who_o expel_v the_o usurper_n exact_v heavy_a tax_n from_o other_o city_n and_o attempt_v palmyra_n for_o when_o cleopatra_n who_o wait_v on_o he_o in_o cilicia_n be_v return_v home_o antony_n who_o have_v give_v himself_o up_o to_o her_o embrace_n and_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o honour_n obey_v all_o her_o dictate_v command_v his_o horse_n to_o plunder_n palmyra_n upon_o the_o light_n and_o trifle_a pretext_n that_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o situation_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o parthian_n the_o palmyrenian_o be_v firm_a to_o neither_o interest_n but_o mind_v their_o own_o profit_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o merchandise_n but_o in_o truth_n that_o he_o may_v pay_v his_o soldier_n with_o the_o spoil_n of_o that_o wealthy_a city_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o palmyra_n be_v aware_a of_o the_o invasion_n carry_v all_o their_o rich_a movable_n to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n the_o bank_n of_o which_o they_o line_v with_o their_o archer_n upon_o which_o antony_n troop_n find_v the_o city_n empty_a of_o inhabitant_n and_o of_o the_o riches_n they_o so_o eager_o covet_v have_v lose_v their_o labour_n return_v to_o their_o camp_n this_o invasion_n occasion_v the_o next_o parthian_a war_n many_o of_o the_o petty_a prince_n of_o syria_n fly_v for_o shelter_n to_o the_o parthian_n while_o marc_n antony_n have_v be_v so_o scandalous_o foil_v stay_v no_o long_o in_o syria_n to_o settle_v affair_n and_o quiet_a disturbance_n but_o hasten_v into_o egypt_n to_o attend_v cleopatra_n to_o who_o he_o have_v entire_o devote_v himself_o and_o his_o fortune_n chap._n viii_o in_o this_o state_n of_o freedom_n ease_n and_o plenty_n it_o continue_v under_o augustus_n and_o the_o succeed_a emperor_n govern_v by_o their_o own_o officer_n and_o law_n as_o pliny_n express_o averr_v till_o the_o reign_n of_o trajan_n when_o i_o conjecture_v it_o fall_v into_o the_o same_o common_a calamity_n with_o edessa_n nisibis_n traj_n dio_fw-mi cass_n traj_n and_o other_o frontier_n town_n of_o the_o east_n who_o fate_n it_o be_v common_o to_o be_v harass_v on_o both_o side_n for_o trajan_n have_v in_o his_o six_o consulate_v declare_a war_n against_o the_o armenian_n and_o parthian_n upon_o the_o
say_v 22._o say_v lib._n 7._o cap._n 22._o orosius_n be_v a_o man_n of_o mean_a birth_n and_o original_a odenathus_n quidam_fw-la as_o he_o style_v he_o a_o man_n of_o palmyra_n say_v infr._n say_v vbi_fw-la infr._n zonara_n of_o no_o reputation_n and_o unknown_a say_v 4.134_o say_v lib._n 4.134_o agathias_n till_o he_o make_v his_o name_n famous_a by_o his_o conquest_n over_o the_o persian_n and_o other_o eminent_a achievement_n which_o give_v he_o a_o extraordinary_a character_n in_o the_o ancient_a historian_n breviar_n historian_n breviar_n sextus_n rufus_n say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o decurio_fw-la of_o palmyra_n which_o be_v a_o word_n of_o large_a signification_n may_v in_o that_o author_n i_o think_v be_v render_v a_o procurator_n or_o senator_n and_o so_o he_o be_v style_v in_o the_o 99_o the_o pag._n 88_o ibid._n p._n 99_o inscription_n if_o he_o be_v the_o same_o person_n septimius_n odethus_n the_o most_o illustrious_a senator_n the_o son_n of_o airanes_n nephew_n of_o vaballathus_n of_o which_o order_n also_o his_o son_n septimius_n airanes_n be_v and_o 36._o and_o l._n 1._o p._n 36._o zosimus_n say_v express_o that_o his_o ancestor_n be_v man_n of_o honour_n and_o condition_n have_v be_v in_o past_a age_n ennoble_v by_o the_o neighbour_a king_n 382._o king_n pag._n 382._o georgius_n syncellus_n call_v he_o a_o great_a soldier_n and_o probable_o he_o be_v the_o general_n of_o the_o force_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o palmyra_n a_o prince_n say_v 192._o say_v pag._n 192._o pollio_n accomplish_v in_o the_o art_n military_a and_o from_o his_o youth_n a_o great_a hunter_n hunting_n be_v in_o those_o day_n according_a to_o the_o most_o ancient_a practice_n the_o recreation_n and_o exercise_n of_o the_o most_o eminent_a person_n a_o sport_n that_o breed_v they_o to_o great_a hardiness_n and_o resolution_n and_o much_o experience_n in_o war_n he_o bestow_v his_o leisure_n hour_n in_o destroy_a lion_n leopard_n bear_n and_o other_o beast_n of_o prey_n inure_v himself_o to_o bear_v the_o fatigue_n of_o labour_n to_o endure_v the_o hardship_n of_o heat_n and_o shower_n and_o the_o other_o toil_v incident_a to_o a_o woodman_n life_n and_o by_o these_o method_n bring_v himself_o to_o a_o habit_n of_o endure_v the_o scorch_a beam_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o annoyance_n of_o the_o dust_n in_o his_o war_n with_o the_o persian_n the_o late_a greek_n frequent_o style_v he_o the_o king_n of_o the_o saracen_n of_o the_o barbarous_a saracen_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v a_o phylarchus_n of_o some_o part_n of_o arabia_n ult_n arabia_n lib._n 23._o cap._n ult_n ammianus_n aver_v that_o those_o who_o be_v ancient_o call_v arabe_n scenitae_n be_v afterward_o call_v saracen_n but_o herein_o he_o differ_v from_o both_o pliny_n and_o ptolemy_n a_o name_n say_v scaliger_n never_o use_v by_o any_o author_n before_o ptolemy_n whereas_o pliny_n who_o live_v at_o least_o fifty_o year_n before_o that_o excellent_a astronomer_n express_o mention_n they_o now_o the_o saracen_n over_o who_o odenathus_n and_o zenobia_n reign_v have_v be_v of_o old_a say_v procopius_n confederate_a with_o the_o roman_n and_o as_o the_o quality_n of_o this_o mighty_a prince_n have_v be_v mistake_v so_o have_v his_o action_n be_v wrongful_o represent_v orosius_n affirm_v that_o he_o form_v a_o army_n of_o the_o boor_n of_o syria_n and_o with_o those_o rustic_n overcome_v the_o persian_n and_o so_o say_v sextus_n rufus_n but_o they_o confound_v two_o story_n if_o we_o may_v credit_v etc._n credit_v par._n 1._o p._n 391_o etc._n etc._n malela_n for_o he_o affirm_v that_o when_o sapores_fw-la have_v overrun_v all_o syria_n and_o have_v take_v plunder_v and_o burn_v antioch_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o 314th_o year_n of_o the_o aera_fw-la antiochena_fw-la the_o 12_o of_o the_o reign_v of_o valerian_n and_o gallienus_n he_o afterward_o ravage_v all_o the_o east_n to_o emesa_n a_o city_n of_o phoenicia_n libanesia_n carry_v with_o he_o whither_o soever_o he_o go_v fire_n and_o sword_n and_o all_o the_o instrument_n of_o cruelty_n but_o when_o he_o come_v to_o emesa_n sampsigeramus_n the_o priest_n of_o venus_n have_v collect_v a_o hasty_a army_n of_o the_o countryman_n of_o that_o province_n place_v himself_o in_o the_o head_n of_o they_o in_o his_o priestly_a habit_n which_o create_v he_o respect_n from_o all_o who_o see_v he_o particular_o from_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n to_o who_o he_o say_v he_o be_v send_v a_o empassador_n upon_o which_o while_o the_o king_n be_v discourse_v he_o one_o of_o the_o boor_n throw_v a_o stone_n from_o his_o sling_n and_o hit_v sapores_fw-la in_o the_o forehead_n slay_v he_o whereupon_o the_o army_n believe_v that_o the_o roman_n be_v fall_v on_o their_o camp_n leave_v all_o their_o booty_n and_o flee_v sampsigeramus_n pursue_v they_o and_o that_o while_o the_o scatter_a persian_n be_v make_v their_o escape_n enathus_n a_o confederate_a of_o the_o roman_n the_o king_n of_o the_o barbarous_a saracen_n and_o lord_n of_o that_o part_n of_o arabia_n meet_v they_o upon_o the_o border_n and_o destroy_v the_o remainder_n of_o that_o scatter_a army_n as_o domninus_n the_o chronologer_n of_o antioch_n affirm_v to_o who_o malela_n give_v credit_n while_o philostratus_n the_o historian_n as_o the_o same_o malela_n confess_v who_o live_v a_o contemporary_a with_o those_o prince_n give_v a_o different_a account_n that_o after_o sapores_fw-la have_v make_v such_o great_a devastation_n in_o syria_n have_v ravage_v cilicia_n and_o burn_v all_o her_o eminent_a city_n domninus_n say_v the_o king_n go_v not_o in_o person_n but_o send_v spates_n his_o general_n with_o a_o army_n to_o commit_v those_o outrage_n as_o he_o be_v return_v through_o cappadocia_n into_o persia_n enathus_n the_o king_n of_o the_o saracen_n come_v forth_o to_o meet_v he_o and_o pay_v the_o respect_n of_o a_o confederate_a and_o at_o length_n slay_v he_o but_o to_o set_v the_o history_n in_o its_o true_a light_n it_o will_v be_v requisite_a to_o take_v a_o short_a view_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n at_o that_o time_n chap._n xii_o the_o roman_a interest_n in_o the_o east_n have_v be_v sink_v for_o some_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o gordianus_n under_o his_o successor_n philip_n who_o be_v also_o his_o murderer_n as_o also_o under_o decius_n gallus_z and_o aemilianus_n valerian_n and_o his_o son_n gallienus_n be_v choose_v to_o wear_v the_o purple_a the_o persian_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n ravage_v the_o east_n as_o the_o scythian_n overran_a and_o pillage_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o empire_n this_o devastation_n continue_v for_o some_o year_n till_o at_o last_o valerian_n march_v against_o the_o scythian_n who_o have_v take_v chalcedon_n burn_v the_o city_n of_o nice_a and_o pillage_v and_o set_v fire_n to_o the_o famous_a temple_n of_o diana_n at_o ephesus_n and_o after_o that_o he_o attempt_v to_o drive_v the_o persian_n out_o of_o their_o new_a conquest_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 260_o but_o very_o unfortunate_o for_o have_v engage_v his_o troop_n in_o those_o vast_a desert_n where_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v very_o fervent_a and_o few_o place_n afford_v water_n sufficient_a for_o a_o army_n and_o forage_v and_o provision_n must_v be_v bring_v from_o a_o great_a distance_n valerian_n send_v ambassador_n to_o sapores_fw-la 29._o eclogae_fw-la legat_n petii_fw-la patricii_fw-la p._n 29._o load_v with_o gold_n to_o buy_v a_o peace_n but_o the_o cruel_a and_o crafty_a monarch_n know_v the_o necessitous_a condition_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o be_v incense_v that_o valerian_n in_o his_o letter_n have_v not_o treat_v he_o with_o all_o the_o pompous_a title_n which_o the_o persian_n king_n use_v to_o assume_v to_o themselves_o detain_v the_o ambassador_n for_o a_o while_n in_o prison_n till_o he_o have_v get_v all_o his_o force_n in_o a_o readiness_n to_o march_n and_o then_o dismiss_v they_o 32._o zosim_fw-la l._n 1._o p._n 32._o with_o this_o answer_n that_o if_o valerian_n will_v give_v he_o a_o meeting_n they_o will_v agree_v upon_o article_n among_o themselves_o that_o shall_v be_v for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o both_o empire_n to_o this_o meeting_n valerian_n press_v by_o the_o necessity_n of_o his_o affair_n very_o imprudent_o assent_v but_o as_o he_o be_v pursue_v his_o journey_n accompany_v only_o with_o a_o few_o attendant_n he_o be_v seize_v on_o by_o the_o persian_a soldier_n and_o make_v a_o prisoner_n sapores_fw-la use_v he_o with_o all_o rigour_n and_o contempt_n set_v his_o foot_n on_o his_o neck_n every_o time_n he_o mount_v his_o horse_n till_o after_o some_o year_n he_o flay_v he_o and_o so_o put_v a_o end_n to_o his_o miserable_a life_n in_o this_o expedition_n odenathus_n who_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o decius_n trebonianus_n gallus_n and_o volusianus_n while_o the_o persian_n have_v seize_v and_o pillage_v mesopotamia_n syria_n and_o the_o adjacent_a province_n have_v probable_o join_v
so_o negligent_a a_o prince_n as_o gallienus_n have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o world_n and_o that_o his_o own_o native_a country_n must_v necessary_o have_v be_v make_v a_o appendage_n of_o that_o empire_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n as_o well_o as_o to_o revenge_v the_o affront_n offer_v he_o in_o the_o slight_a put_v on_o his_o ambassador_n he_o join_v his_o force_n to_o the_o remain_v of_o the_o roman_a army_n who_o still_o continue_v to_o support_v the_o reputation_n of_o that_o august_n empire_n in_o the_o east_n and_o in_o this_o difficult_a undertake_n he_o behave_v himself_o with_o so_o much_o address_n and_o such_o a_o extraordinary_a courage_n that_o he_o humble_v the_o pride_n of_o the_o great_a of_o the_o eastern_a monarch_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o his_o glory_n and_o triumph_n for_o he_o first_o fall_v upon_o the_o persian_a general_n and_o have_v rout_v he_o recover_v nisibis_n and_o mesopotamia_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o invader_n then_o attack_v the_o king_n of_o persia_n with_o a_o success_n suitable_a to_o his_o bravery_n 134._o philostr_n ap_fw-mi malel_n par_fw-fr 1._o p._n 393._o &_o zonar_n tom._n 2._o p._n 237._o agath_fw-mi l._n 4._o p._n 134._o for_o as_o sapores_fw-la be_v return_v home_o load_v with_o the_o spoil_n of_o syria_n and_o cilicia_n odenathus_n come_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o as_o one_o of_o his_o ally_n but_o under_o that_o pretext_n he_o delude_v he_o have_v way-layed_a him_z as_o he_o pass_v through_o euphratesia_n call_v of_o old_a commagene_n say_v procopius_n augusto-euphratesia_a by_o theodorit_n a_o bishop_n of_o that_o country_n so_o straighten_v he_o that_o be_v to_o march_v through_o a_o valley_n who_o way_n be_v too_o steep_a and_o rugged_a for_o his_o carriage_n he_o slay_v all_o his_o prisoner_n and_o throw_v they_o into_o the_o hollow_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v pass_v over_o his_o heavy_a baggage_n after_o this_o he_o fight_v and_o rout_v the_o army_n of_o the_o persian_n and_o make_v so_o great_a a_o slaughter_n of_o their_o troop_n that_o 45._o that_o delegationib_fw-la p._n 45._o peter_n the_o historian_n a_o man_n of_o the_o senatorian_a dignity_n and_o ambassador_n to_o chosroes_n king_n of_o persia_n affirm_v that_o when_o sapores_fw-la have_v past_o the_o euphrates_n with_o the_o remain_v of_o his_o shatter_v army_n his_o soldiers_z think_v themselves_o secure_a by_o their_o station_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n embrace_v one_o another_o with_o unexpressible_a transport_v after_o which_o sapores_fw-la send_v to_o the_o garrison_n at_o edessa_n promise_v they_o to_o give_v they_o all_o the_o money_n which_o he_o have_v plunder_v in_o syria_n if_o they_o will_v not_o molest_v he_o in_o his_o march_n but_o suffer_v he_o quiet_o to_o hasten_v home_o through_o their_o territory_n subjoyn_v that_o he_o do_v not_o offer_v they_o this_o great_a sum_n as_o if_o he_o be_v afraid_a of_o they_o but_o that_o he_o may_v make_v the_o more_o speed_n into_o persia_n to_o celebrate_v a_o great_a festival_n that_o he_o be_v near_o not_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v hinder_v in_o his_o design_n to_o this_o the_o garrison_n consent_v receive_v the_o money_n and_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o city_n unmolested_a by_o this_o victory_n odenathus_n not_o only_o preserve_v the_o roman_a territory_n in_o the_o east_n and_o defend_v the_o limit_n but_o recover_v several_a city_n which_o the_o persian_n have_v usurp_v and_o make_v his_o inroad_n as_o far_o as_o ctesiphon_n the_o royal_a seat_n of_o those_o eastern_a prince_n oblige_v they_o to_o quit_v their_o other_o conquest_n to_o defend_v their_o wife_n and_o child_n in_o this_o expedition_n also_o he_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o treasure_n of_o that_o great_a monarch_n and_o of_o what_o those_o king_n hold_v more_o valuable_a and_o more_o precious_a than_o all_o their_o wealth_n his_o concubine_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o take_v many_o of_o the_o nobility_n prisoner_n this_o be_v so_o meritorious_a a_o action_n that_o the_o 192._o the_o trib._n pol._n p._n 192._o roman_a historian_n confess_v that_o without_o this_o interposition_n the_o interest_n of_o the_o empire_n have_v be_v entire_o sink_v in_o the_o east_n and_o withal_o he_o inform_v we_o that_o odenathus_n assume_v the_o name_n of_o king_n before_o he_o raise_v his_o army_n though_o the_o greek_a writer_n allow_v he_o to_o have_v only_o be_v declare_v general_n of_o the_o east_n a_o honorary_a trust_n confer_v on_o none_o but_o person_n of_o the_o best_a condition_n and_o qualification_n that_o his_o wife_n zenobia_n his_o elder_a son_n herod_n and_o his_o two_o young_a son_n herennianus_n and_o timolaus_n acpany_v he_o when_o anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 246._o he_o fight_v and_o rout_v that_o potent_a monarch_n and_o recover_v the_o territory_n that_o he_o have_v usurp_v on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n to_o reward_v these_o brave_a service_n 180._o treb._n pol._n p._n 180._o gallienus_n declare_v he_o augustus_n and_o his_o copart'ner_n in_o the_o empire_n so_o that_o the_o historian_n with_o great_a injustice_n reckon_v odenathus_n and_o his_o son_n herodian_a among_o the_o tyrant_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v usurper_n who_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v insert_v into_o the_o catalogue_n of_o the_o lawful_a emperor_n and_o command_v money_n to_o be_v stamp_v in_o his_o name_n the_o reverse_n of_o which_o represent_v the_o captive_a persian_n follow_v his_o triumphant_a chariot_n the_o senate_n the_o city_n and_o all_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n be_v wonderful_o please_v with_o the_o performance_n this_o declaration_n of_o gallienus_n entitle_v odenathus_n to_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o east_n while_o his_o illustrious_a achievement_n prove_v he_o worthy_a of_o the_o purple_a and_o according_o upon_o his_o return_n from_o ctesiphon_n he_o assume_v the_o habit_n and_o style_n and_o declare_v his_o son_n herodes_n his_o copart'ner_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o princeps_fw-la juventutis_fw-la as_o beside_o the_o historian_n the_o coin_n do_v full_o declare_v chap._n fourteen_o odenathus_n have_v thus_o atone_v for_o the_o negligence_n of_o gallienus_n support_v the_o sink_a fortune_n of_o that_o august_n empire_n and_o preserve_v his_o own_o native_a country_n in_o its_o own_o quiet_a and_o freedom_n and_o behave_v himself_o with_o so_o dextrous_a a_o address_n and_o such_o a_o extraordinary_a courage_n that_o he_o humble_v the_o pride_n of_o the_o great_a of_o the_o eastern_a monarch_n and_o acquire_v a_o great_a reputation_n to_o his_o arm_n and_o have_v spend_v some_o time_n in_o settle_v his_o new_a conquest_n though_o he_o fail_v of_o his_o main_a enterprise_n of_o release_n valerian_n who_o be_v upon_o this_o irruption_n of_o the_o palmyrenian_o slay_v by_o sapores_fw-la at_o the_o request_n of_o gallienus_n 237._o treb._n pol._n p._n 192._o zonar_n t._n 2._o p._n 237._o he_o undertake_v to_o suppress_v macrianus_n who_o have_v in_o opposition_n to_o gallienus_n declare_v himself_o emperor_n in_o phoenicia_n though_o eusebius_n aver_v that_o himself_o do_v not_o assume_v the_o purple_a but_o that_o he_o make_v his_o son_n emperor_n and_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o roman_a army_n under_o his_o command_n but_o macrianus_n have_v baffle_v the_o scythian_n 176._o zonar_n syncel_n p._n 382._o treb._n pol._n p._n 176._o and_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o achaia_n be_v retire_v with_o his_o elder_a son_n of_o his_o own_o name_n into_o illyricum_n where_o in_o a_o pitch_v battle_n they_o be_v both_o slay_v by_o aureolus_n another_o of_o the_o pretender_n to_o the_o empire_n but_o macrianus_n have_v leave_v quietus_n the_o young_a of_o his_o son_n in_o the_o east_n with_o the_o title_n of_o augustus_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o balista_n a_o experience_a general_n balista_n be_v the_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la to_o the_o emperor_n valerian_n a_o captain_n of_o rare_a capacity_n and_o singular_a courage_n of_o great_a wisdom_n and_o foresight_n and_o as_o great_a resolution_n and_o bravery_n he_o be_v general_n of_o the_o horse_n under_o macrianus_n in_o the_o east_n and_o when_o macrianus_n that_o country_n he_o with_o quietus_n the_o second_o son_n of_o macrianus_n manage_v the_o war_n with_o so_o much_o courage_n and_o good_a fortune_n that_o while_o he_o attack_v sapores_fw-la on_o one_o hand_n and_o odenathus_n on_o the_o other_o they_o drive_v he_o to_o take_v shelter_n in_o the_o desert_n of_o persia_n upon_o which_o victory_n they_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n which_o engage_v gallienus_n against_o they_o therefore_o odenathus_n march_v and_o fight_v they_o at_o emesa_n where_o balista_n fall_v by_o the_o sword_n of_o odenathus_n quietus_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o emesa_n say_v zonaras_n while_o trebellius_n pollio_n in_o one_o place_n affirm_v 116._o pag._n 116._o that_o after_o the_o army_n be_v rout_v the_o soldier_n seize_v both_o quietus_n and_o balista_n and_o deliver_v they_o to_o
besiege_a join_v to_o the_o many_o fatigue_n the_o emperor_n be_v oblige_v to_o undergo_v make_v he_o almost_o quite_o weary_a of_o his_o design_n whereupon_o he_o write_v to_o zenobia_n require_v she_o to_o surrender_v the_o place_n and_o promise_v she_o and_o her_o confederate_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v allow_v to_o live_v in_o great_a plenty_n and_o security_n in_o such_o a_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n as_o the_o senate_n shall_v appoint_v upon_o condition_n that_o all_o her_o treasure_n and_o arm_n her_o horse_n and_o camel_n shall_v be_v give_v up_o to_o the_o roman_n after_o which_o palmyra_n shall_v be_v permit_v to_o be_v a_o free_a commonwealth_n as_o it_o have_v be_v in_o past_a age_n but_o the_o haughty_a queen_n keep_v up_o her_o courage_n though_o her_o fortune_n be_v sink_v and_o return_v the_o emperor_n this_o answer_n zenobia_n the_o queen_n of_o the_o east_n to_o the_o emperor_n aurelian_a no_o man_n ever_o yet_o except_o yourself_o dare_v demand_v of_o i_o what_o your_o letter_n require_v whatsoever_o be_v to_o be_v achieve_v in_o war_n must_v be_v get_v by_o courage_n and_o resolution_n you_o command_v i_o to_o surrender_v myself_o and_o empire_n but_o you_o have_v forget_v that_o cleopatra_n choose_v rather_o to_o die_v by_o she_o own_o hand_n than_o to_o lessen_v and_o outlive_v her_o grandeur_n i_o be_o not_o destitute_a of_o assistance_n i_o daily_o expect_v succour_n from_o the_o persian_n the_o saracen_n and_o armenian_n be_v in_o my_o interest_n and_o the_o very_a freebooter_n of_o my_o country_n have_v already_o insult_v and_o baffle_v your_o army_n when_o these_o auxiliary_a troop_n arrive_v which_o i_o look_v for_o from_o all_o quarter_n you_o will_v abate_v of_o your_o imperious_a demand_n though_o you_o now_o require_v i_o to_o yield_v as_o if_o you_o have_v already_o get_v a_o entire_a conquest_n and_o have_v make_v yourself_o lord_n of_o all_o the_o east_n this_o epistle_n inflame_v aurelian_a and_o put_v he_o upon_o do_v all_o that_o a_o wise_a and_o brave_a general_n ought_v to_o have_v attempt_v to_o reduce_v the_o city_n he_o intercept_v the_o persian_a succour_n and_o debauch_v the_o saracen_n and_o armenian_n who_o he_o corrupt_v by_o money_n and_o buy_v off_o till_o they_o desert_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o those_o fickle_a and_o changeable_a nation_n who_o be_v true_a only_o to_o their_o own_o interest_n and_o pay_v their_o homage_n and_o service_n to_o that_o prince_n who_o bid_v most_o for_o they_o when_o the_o garrison_n hear_v that_o all_o their_o relief_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o see_v the_o emperor_n bend_v to_o carry_v on_o his_o attack_n with_o the_o utmost_a vigour_n be_v also_o much_o press_v with_o the_o want_n of_o necessary_n they_o determine_v to_o send_v their_o queen_n over_o the_o euphrates_n into_o persia_n to_o beg_v the_o assistance_n of_o that_o great_a king_n and_o to_o this_o end_n they_o do_v set_v zenobia_n on_o a_o female_a camel_n which_o sort_n of_o creature_n run_v swift_a than_o any_o horse_n other_o say_z on_o a_o swift_a dromedary_n and_o convey_v she_o out_o of_o the_o city_n aurelian_a vex_v hearty_o that_o his_o enemy_n have_v make_v her_o escape_n dispatch_v his_o light-horse_n to_o overtake_v she_o who_o seize_v on_o she_o as_o she_o be_v just_o embark_v endeavour_v to_o reach_v the_o far_a side_n of_o the_o euphrates_n and_o bring_v she_o back_o to_o the_o roman_a camp_n with_o mighty_a joy_n and_o triumph_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o garrison_n be_v divide_v in_o their_o sentiment_n one_o party_n of_o they_o resolve_v to_o maintain_v the_o town_n to_o the_o last_o man_n and_o to_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o their_o blood_n while_o other_o be_v determine_v to_o supplicate_v the_o emperor_n pardon_n and_o to_o surrender_v and_o this_o last_o opinion_n prevail_v whereupon_o aurelian_a have_v give_v his_o promise_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v indemnify_v for_o whatever_o be_v past_a they_o open_v their_o gate_n and_o beg_v the_o conqueror_n mercy_n who_o receive_v they_o with_o all_o kindness_n and_o take_v care_n they_o shall_v not_o suffer_v any_o damage_n chap._n xxv_o thus_o be_v that_o proud_a city_n emulous_a of_o the_o glory_n of_o old_a rome_n reduce_v under_o the_o power_n of_o aurelian_a who_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o treasure_n and_o rich_a movable_n of_o it_o return_v to_o emesa_n and_o there_o sit_v in_o judgement_n on_o zenobia_n and_o her_o accomplice_n for_o the_o army_n be_v ready_a to_o mutiny_v and_o petition_v that_o she_o that_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o their_o hardship_n shall_v be_v execute_v but_o aurelian_a who_o have_v a_o grand_a esteem_n for_o her_o courage_n and_o other_o heroical_a qualification_n and_o who_o can_v not_o have_v forget_v the_o merit_n of_o her_o husband_n odenathus_n and_o his_o great_a service_n who_o support_v the_o sink_a empire_n in_o the_o east_n and_o preserve_v it_o from_o utter_a ruin_n think_v it_o beneath_o the_o courage_n of_o a_o brave_a man_n to_o murder_v a_o woman_n one_o of_o so_o rare_a endowment_n and_o who_o have_v for_o some_o year_n wear_v the_o sacred_a purple_n in_o cold_a blood_n and_o be_v convince_v that_o it_o will_v more_o contribute_v to_o his_o glory_n to_o carry_v she_o in_o triumph_n to_o rome_n than_o to_o put_v she_o to_o death_n in_o the_o east_n he_o preserve_v she_o from_o the_o rage_n of_o the_o incense_a soldier_n and_o to_o satisfy_v the_o mutinous_a sharp_o expostulate_v with_o her_o the_o reason_n of_o her_o obstinacy_n and_o cause_v all_o those_o to_o be_v slay_v who_o have_v engage_v she_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o aurelian_a this_o occasion_v the_o execution_n of_o many_o eminent_a person_n among_o who_o the_o most_o learned_a longinus_n meet_v his_o fate_n with_o great_a resolution_n and_o to_o the_o last_o he_o bear_v his_o suffering_n with_o a_o philosophical_a courage_n and_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v affright_v with_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o grave_a that_o he_o comfort_v his_o friend_n who_o bemoan_v his_o destiny_n and_o convince_v they_o that_o if_o this_o low_a world_n be_v but_o one_o large_a prison_n he_o be_v the_o happy_a man_n who_o be_v soon_o discharge_v and_o set_v at_o liberty_n chap._n xxvi_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o east_n have_v thus_o be_v adjust_v 219._o vopisc_n p._n 219._o and_o the_o country_n leave_v without_o disturbance_n 55_o zosim_fw-la l._n 1_o p._n 55_o aurelian_a determine_v to_o return_n into_o europe_n but_o before_o he_o can_v reach_v rome_n while_o he_o be_v pass_v through_o rhodopa_n a_o province_n of_o thrace_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o palmyra_n who_o can_v not_o content_v themselves_o with_o their_o mean_a circumstance_n the_o loss_n of_o their_o empire_n be_v a_o continual_a affliction_n resolve_v to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o arm_n to_o recover_v their_o ancient_a grandeur_n in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o design_n they_o fall_v upon_o sandario_n and_o the_o six_o hundred_o archer_n who_o the_o emperor_n have_v leave_v there_o in_o garrison_n and_o put_v they_o to_o the_o sword_n choose_v achilleus_n the_o father_n of_o their_o captive_a queen_n zenobia_n their_o prince_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o emperor_n hear_v of_o the_o revolt_n be_v a_o general_n of_o unwearied_a diligence_n and_o dispatch_v he_o immediate_o march_v back_o into_o asia_n and_o utter_o destroy_v that_o unhappy_a city_n this_o part_n of_o the_o story_n zosimus_n tell_v somewhat_o different_o that_o the_o man_n of_o palmyra_n instigate_v by_o apsaeus_n who_o have_v in_o former_a time_n be_v a_o busy_a agitator_n among_o they_o attempt_v to_o persuade_v marcellieus_n t._n nonnius_n marcellinus_n i_o suppose_v who_o afterward_o be_v consul_n in_o year_n of_o the_o emperor_n tacitus_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 275_o who_o aurelian_a have_v constitute_v his_o governor_n of_o mesopotamia_n and_o the_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la of_o the_o east_n to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o empire_n he_o put_v they_o off_o from_o day_n to_o day_n and_o under_o the_o pretext_n of_o consider_v so_o weighty_a a_o affair_n before_o he_o determine_v his_o resolution_n gain_v time_n till_o he_o have_v certify_v aurelian_a of_o the_o revolt_n but_o at_o last_o he_o positive_o refuse_v to_o take_v the_o purple_a whereupon_o they_o choose_v antiochus_n their_o king_n and_o arm_v themselves_o in_o his_o defence_n upon_o the_o news_n that_o marcellinus_n send_v the_o emperor_n double_v his_o march_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n come_v to_o antioch_n the_o inhabitant_n who_o be_v busy_v about_o their_o sport_n in_o see_v the_o horse-race_n be_v surprise_v at_o his_o come_n from_o whence_o he_o immediate_o speed_v to_o palmyra_n which_o without_o fight_v he_o take_v and_o raze_v give_v antiochus_n his_o life_n and_o liberty_n account_v he_o beneath_o his_o anger_n in_o the_o sack_n of_o the_o city_n the_o soldier_n be_v surfeit_v with_o blood_n
and_o rapine_n as_o aurelian_a in_o his_o letter_n to_o cejonius_fw-la bassus_n relate_v spare_v neither_o age_n sex_n nor_o quality_n involve_v woman_n and_o child_n old_a and_o young_a the_o nobility_n and_o the_o boor_n in_o the_o same_o common_a ruin_n till_o there_o be_v hardly_o leave_v a_o man_n to_o inhabit_v the_o city_n or_o to_o manure_v the_o ground_n such_o a_o revenge_n satiate_v even_o the_o fierce_a temper_n of_o aurelian_a inasmuch_o as_o he_o he_o write_v to_o cejonius_fw-la bassus_n or_o rather_o cerronius_n according_a to_o the_o old_a copy_n probable_o the_o same_o cerronius_n the_o general_n of_o the_o dalmatian_a troop_n who_o slay_v gallienus_n who_o i_o conjecture_v aurelian_a left_a the_o governor_n of_o palmyrene_n to_o put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o carnage_n and_o to_o spare_v the_o poor_a remain_v of_o that_o unfortunate_a city_n enjoin_v he_o express_o to_o build_v the_o temple_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o have_v be_v sack_v it_o and_o rifle_v by_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o three_o legion_n as_o magnificent_o as_o it_o have_v be_v in_o time_n past_a and_o by_o the_o ruin_n of_o it_o extant_a at_o this_o append_v vid._n append_v day_n it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v a_o stupendous_a building_n to_o the_o repair_v this_o noble_a structure_n he_o enjoin_v he_o to_o expend_v 300_o pound_n weight_n of_o gold_n which_o he_o find_v in_o the_o coffer_n of_o zenobia_n beside_o 1800_o pound_n weight_n of_o silver_n which_o be_v raise_v from_o the_o sale_n of_o the_o people_n good_n together_o with_o the_o crown_n jewel_n all_o which_o he_o order_v to_o be_v sell_v to_o make_v money_n to_o beautify_v the_o temple_n while_o himself_o promise_v to_o write_v to_o the_o senate_n to_o send_v a_o priest_n from_o rome_n to_o dedicate_v it_o after_o this_o aurelian_a return_n into_o europe_n without_o any_o disturbance_n carry_v the_o unhappy_a zenobia_n his_o prisoner_n with_o he_o to_o rome_n till_o she_o become_v one_o of_o the_o ornament_n of_o his_o triumph_n whither_o i_o shall_v follow_v she_o to_o complete_a her_o story_n when_o i_o have_v brief_o consider_v the_o fortune_n of_o her_o associate_n firmius_n chap._n xvii_o when_o aurelian_a have_v put_v to_o death_n all_o zenobia_n councillor_n military_a officer_n and_o associate_n and_o destroy_v the_o city_n marcus_n firmius_n as_o the_o coin_n style_v he_o while_o the_o historian_n call_v he_o firmus_n one_o of_o the_o confederate_n of_o the_o captive_a princess_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o emperor_n 242._o emperor_n vopis_n p._n 242._o and_o endeavour_v to_o revenge_v her_o quarrel_n he_o be_v bear_v at_o seleucia_n and_o breed_v up_o to_o all_o manner_n of_o robu_v exercise_n nature_n have_v fit_v he_o with_o a_o gigantic_a body_n qualify_v for_o such_o undertake_n his_o stature_n be_v tall_a to_o a_o prodigy_n and_o his_o limb_n so_o firm_a that_o support_v himself_o only_o with_o his_o hand_n he_o can_v endure_v the_o smith_n when_o they_o have_v lay_v a_o anvil_n on_o his_o bare_a breast_n to_o smite_v on_o it_o with_o their_o sledge_n and_o proportionable_a to_o his_o strength_n be_v his_o stomach_n for_o he_o use_v to_o eat_v a_o ostrich_n at_o a_o meal_n and_o can_v swallow_v at_o a_o sit_v though_o his_o usual_a drink_n be_v water_n as_o much_o wine_n as_o two_o bucket_n will_v hold_v he_o have_v also_o ama_v vast_a wealth_n have_v often_o send_v his_o ship_n to_o trade_n in_o the_o east-indies_n which_o return_v load_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o rich_a good_n and_o among_o other_o rarity_n two_o elephant_n tooth_n of_o ten_o foot_n long_o and_o of_o the_o product_n of_o egypt_n he_o have_v in_o his_o warehouse_n as_o much_o paper_n and_o glue_v as_o will_v maintain_v a_o army_n loc_n vid._n salmas_n in_o loc_n and_o that_o he_o may_v keep_v a_o port_n suitable_a to_o his_o station_n to_o his_o riches_n and_o his_o dignity_n he_o build_v he_o a_o noble_a and_o pompous_a palace_n at_o alexandria_n firmius_n have_v thus_o fill_v his_o coffer_n and_o provide_v all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o maintain_v the_o interest_n he_o resolve_v to_o engage_v in_o declare_v himself_o a_o friend_n and_o confederate_a to_o zenobia_n nor_o be_v it_o altogether_o improbable_a that_o zenobia_n constitute_v he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o extraordinary_a strength_n and_o courage_n and_o master_n of_o a_o great_a estate_n her_o governor_n over_o egypt_n when_o zabdas_n have_v conquer_v it_o and_o when_o that_o illustrious_a queen_n fall_v into_o her_o misfortune_n he_o enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o the_o blemmyoe_n and_o saracen_n and_o then_o declare_v himself_o emperor_n as_o the_o coin_n express_o prove_v though_o aurelian_a according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o that_o age_n which_o style_v all_o tyrant_n and_o usurper_n thief_n will_v not_o allow_v he_o a_o better_a title_n than_o that_o of_o the_o egyptian_a robber_n and_o though_o vopiscus_n say_v that_o he_o declare_v egypt_n a_o free_a state_n refuse_v to_o assume_v the_o ensign_n of_o royalty_n and_o have_v recollect_v the_o scatter_a force_n of_o zenobia_n army_n undertake_v to_o support_v the_o improsperous_a cause_n and_o to_o defend_v alexandria_n but_o no_o power_n can_v resist_v the_o genius_n of_o aurelian_a for_o after_o the_o return_n of_o that_o great_a man_n from_o carrae_n firmius_n fall_v a_o victor_n to_o the_o conqueror_n and_o some_o say_v become_v his_o own_o executioner_n but_o aurelian_a himself_n affirm_v that_o after_o he_o have_v rout_v his_o army_n he_o besiege_v he_o in_o alexandria_n and_o have_v take_v the_o city_n by_o storm_n he_o severe_o chastise_v the_o citizen_n for_o their_o sedition_n but_o crucified_a their_o ephemerous_a emperor_n for_o he_o do_v not_o reign_v a_o full_a year_n which_o be_v the_o usual_a punishment_n to_o which_o thief_n be_v condemn_v from_o egypt_n the_o fierce_a and_o indefatigable_a emperor_n march_v his_o troop_n towards_o the_o west_n vex_v and_o angry_a that_o tetricus_n still_o maintain_v his_o pretension_n to_o the_o purple_a in_o france_n but_o upon_o his_o approach_n tetricus_n who_o can_v no_o long_o endure_v nor_o digest_v the_o insolence_n of_o his_o legion_n give_v up_o his_o army_n to_o aurelian_a who_o have_v thus_o quiet_v the_o affair_n of_o both_o the_o east_n and_o west_n return_v to_o rome_n with_o his_o captive_n which_o city_n he_o resolve_v to_o enter_v in_o state_n as_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o universe_n chap._n xxviii_o the_o affair_n of_o zenobia_n after_o she_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o aurelian_a be_v different_o relate_v 55._o relate_v l._n 1._o p._n 55._o zosimus_n aver_v that_o the_o victorious_a emperor_n carry_v she_o her_o son_n and_o all_o her_o accomplice_n with_o he_o towards_o rome_n and_o that_o it_o be_v report_v that_o she_o either_o die_v of_o some_o disease_n or_o that_o refuse_v all_o manner_n of_o sustenance_n she_o starve_v herself_o and_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o captive_n except_o her_o son_n be_v shipwreck_v and_o drown_v in_o the_o strait_n between_o chalcedon_n and_o byzantium_n 397._o byzantium_n pay_n 2._o p._n 397._o malela_n say_v that_o aurelian_a cause_v she_o to_o ride_v on_o a_o dromedary_n and_o carry_v she_o with_o he_o through_o all_o the_o east_n till_o he_o come_v to_o antioch_n where_o for_o three_o day_n he_o expose_v she_o to_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o people_n load_v with_o fetter_n who_o have_v often_o see_v she_o in_o the_o height_n of_o her_o glory_n after_o which_o he_o transport_v she_o to_o rome_n where_o after_o she_o have_v act_v her_o part_n among_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o conquer_a province_n he_o cause_v she_o to_o be_v behead_v but_o 240._o but_o tom._n 2._o p._n 240._o zonaras_n talk_v doubtful_o his_o author_n from_o who_o he_o derive_v his_o notice_n differ_v in_o their_o account_n some_o affirm_v that_o the_o victor_n use_v she_o with_o the_o great_a clemency_n and_o marry_v she_o at_o rome_n to_o a_o man_n of_o quality_n syncellus_n say_v he_o be_v a_o senator_n other_o that_o she_o die_v by_o the_o way_n oppress_v with_o grief_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o her_o empire_n and_o that_o aurelian_a himself_n marry_v one_o of_o her_o daughter_n and_o dispose_v of_o the_o other_o for_o wife_n to_o the_o most_o illustrious_a of_o the_o roman_n but_o in_o the_o memoir_n of_o the_o western_a affair_n we_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v guide_v by_o the_o writer_n of_o that_o country_n who_o may_v be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v better_o acquaint_v with_o what_o be_v do_v in_o their_o own_o country_n than_o those_o who_o live_v at_o a_o great_a distance_n in_o the_o east_n and_o they_o all_o agree_v etc._n hier._n chron._n eutrop._n treb._n pol._n etc._n etc._n that_o zenobia_n survive_v all_o her_o misfortune_n that_o aurelian_a give_v she_o her_o life_n for_o her_o own_o sake_n and_o for_o the_o merit_n of_o odenathus_n and_o that_o she_o live_v very_o happy_o
in_o italy_n after_o she_o have_v be_v devest_v of_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o east_n have_v make_v her_o figure_n in_o the_o triumph_n of_o aurelian_a and_o i_o shall_v account_v for_o the_o pomp_n of_o it_o which_o the_o historian_n say_v be_v specious_a and_o magnificent_a because_o that_o be_v the_o last_o of_o the_o imperial_a triumph_n which_o be_v make_v according_a to_o the_o ancient_a manner_n though_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o onuphrius_n panvinius_n say_v that_o the_o last_o triumph_n be_v that_o of_o belisarius_n who_o by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n be_v allow_v to_o make_v his_o entry_n into_o the_o city_n of_o constantinople_n in_o a_o triumphant_a chariot_n draw_v by_o four_o horse_n a_o breast_n after_o he_o have_v recover_v africa_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o vandal_n and_o make_v gelimer_n their_o king_n his_o prisoner_n and_o that_o his_o scholiast_n joachim_n maderus_n affirm_v that_o heraclius_n johannes_n commenus_n and_o manuel_n his_o son_n have_v their_o several_a triumph_n but_o these_o have_v no_o relation_n to_o rome_n but_o to_o constantinople_n and_o of_o the_o triumph_n of_o belisarius_n procopius_n say_v express_o etc._n vandal_n l._n 2._o c._n 9_o p._n 255._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n that_o it_o be_v not_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a method_n but_o that_o he_o begin_v his_o procession_n at_o his_o own_o house_n from_o whence_o he_o march_v on_o foot_n to_o the_o hippodrome_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o imperial_a throne_n and_o withal_o he_o aver_v that_o for_o near_o six_o hundred_o year_n before_o belisarius_n the_o honour_n of_o the_o triumph_n be_v not_o give_v to_o any_o other_o since_o the_o day_n of_o titus_n and_o trajan_n and_o those_o other_o great_a emperor_n who_o have_v conquer_v the_o barbarian_n among_o who_o i_o suppose_v he_o include_v aurelian_a chap._n xxix_o the_o triumphal_a pomp_n be_v always_o very_a august_n 140._o vopisc_n p._n 220._o &_o onufr_n de_fw-fr triumph_n p._n 140._o the_o whole_a senate_n march_v in_o their_o several_a rank_n towards_o the_o capitol_n be_v follow_v by_o the_o trumpet_n of_o war_n who_o sound_v a_o charge_n introduce_v the_o representation_n of_o the_o several_a country_n that_o have_v be_v subdue_v and_o the_o city_n that_o have_v be_v take_v do_v in_o exquisite_a imagery_n and_o picture_n after_o these_o follow_v the_o riches_n of_o the_o conquer_a province_n vast_a quantity_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o noble_a gem_n crown_n and_o royal_a robe_n and_o the_o other_o ornament_n of_o royalty_n and_o grandeur_n intermix_v with_o the_o arm_n that_o be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o region_n that_o have_v be_v reduce_v under_o the_o roman_a power_n these_o be_v succeed_v among_o other_o by_o a_o long_a train_n of_o sacrifice_n and_o priest_n attend_v that_o service_n all_o clad_v in_o rich_a garment_n of_o silk_n and_o purple_n interweave_v with_o gold_n then_o come_v the_o chariot_n of_o the_o unfortunate_a prince_n with_o a_o long_a train_n of_o their_o faithful_a subject_n who_o to_o show_v their_o fidelity_n be_v content_a to_o follow_v the_o adverse_a fortune_n of_o their_o sovereign_n when_o aurelian_a make_v his_o entry_n into_o that_o superb_fw-la city_n there_o be_v three_o royal_a chariot_n very_o remarkable_a the_o first_o belong_v to_o the_o hero_n odenathus_n while_o alive_a rich_o adorn_v with_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o precious-stone_n which_o give_v it_o a_o peculiar_a lustre_n the_o second_o no_o less_o glorious_a than_o the_o first_o be_v a_o present_a make_v by_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n to_o the_o great_a aurelian_a who_o also_o present_v he_o with_o a_o purple_a robe_n of_o so_o beautiful_a a_o dye_n dip_v in_o the_o indies_n that_o nothing_o of_o the_o imperial_a wardrobe_n or_o the_o cabinet_n of_o the_o roman_a lady_n be_v comparable_a to_o it_o the_o three_o be_v the_o chariot_n which_o zenobia_n have_v cause_v to_o be_v make_v for_o herself_o in_o hope_n to_o have_v enter_v rome_n in_o triumph_n after_o she_o have_v reduce_v that_o proud_a city_n it_o be_v true_a she_o make_v her_o entry_n into_o rome_n in_o the_o same_o chariot_n but_o she_o ride_v in_o it_o a_o captive_n not_o a_o queen_n these_o chariot_n be_v follow_v by_o a_o four_o which_o as_o it_o be_v report_v do_v once_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o goth_n draw_v by_o four_o stag_n abreast_n in_o which_o aurelian_a clad_v in_o the_o famous_a purple_a abovementioned_a which_o he_o afterward_o dedicate_v to_o jupiter_n capitolinus_n and_o which_o after_o age_n look_v on_o with_o admiration_n be_v draw_v to_o the_o capitol_n where_o he_o sacrifice_v the_o stag_n according_a to_o a_o vow_n make_v to_o jupiter_n when_o he_o take_v the_o chariot_n in_o the_o head_n of_o these_o chariot_n march_v twenty_o elephant_n of_o lybian_a lion_n 371._o vid._n salmas_n in_o vopisc_n pag._n 371._o leopard_n and_o panther_n as_o also_o of_o those_o of_o palestine_n two_o hundred_o which_o after_o the_o triumph_n be_v end_v aurelian_a bestow_v on_o his_o private_a friend_n that_o he_o may_v lessen_v the_o public_a expense_n these_o be_v sollow_v by_o four_o tiger_n by_o several_a camelopardali_n elk_n and_o other_o strange_a beast_n each_o in_o their_o order_n part_v of_o this_o pomp_n consist_v of_o eight_o hundred_o pair_n of_o gladiator_n destine_v to_o the_o entertainment_n of_o the_o people_n and_o of_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o captive_n for_o beside_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n of_o the_o blemmye_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o axumis_n and_o of_o arabia_n the_o happy_a the_o indian_n bactrian_n iberian_o saracen_n and_o persian_n and_o after_o they_o the_o goth_n the_o alan_n the_o roxolan_n the_o sarmatian_n frank_n suevian_o vandal_n and_o german_n with_o their_o hand_n bind_v behind_o their_o back_n precede_v the_o imperial_a chariot_n among_o these_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o palmyra_n as_o many_o as_o have_v outlive_v the_o calamity_n of_o their_o country_n and_o the_o rebel_n of_o egypt_n have_v their_o station_n but_o the_o most_o remarkable_a of_o the_o captive_n be_v ten_o masculine_a woman_n who_o habit_v in_o man_n clothes_n have_v do_v extraordinary_a service_n to_o the_o gothick_n general_n these_o few_o be_v all_o that_o survive_v of_o the_o amazonian_a race_n who_o seek_v against_o the_o roman_n and_o in_o the_o head_n of_o every_o nation_n be_v carry_v the_o name_n of_o the_o country_n to_o which_o they_o belong_v amidst_o this_o numerous_a train_n of_o priscner_n tetricus_n make_v a_o peculiar_a figure_n he_o be_v habit_v a-la-mode_o de_fw-fr france_n where_o he_o have_v be_v emperor_n in_o a_o scarlet_a cloak_n under_o which_o he_o wear_v a_o light_a gold-coloured_n coat_n and_o a_o pair_n of_o french_a breeches_n with_o he_o be_v his_o son_n who_o tetricus_n have_v declare_v emperor_n in_o france_n after_o he_o follow_v zenobia_n deck_v to_o the_o great_a advantage_n but_o load_v with_o her_o golden_a chain_n who_o weight_n be_v support_v by_o her_o attendant_n the_o crown_n of_o every_o conquer_a city_n distinguish_v by_o a_o eminent_a inscription_n be_v carry_v before_o every_o nation_n after_o they_o follow_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n the_o banner_n of_o the_o several_a college_n and_o the_o ensign_n of_o every_o regiment_n with_o the_o cuirassier_n follow_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n and_o after_o these_o the_o senator_n march_v but_o not_o so_o brisk_a and_o merry_a as_o otherwise_o they_o will_v have_v be_v on_o such_o a_o solemnity_n because_o tetricus_n who_o be_v a_o member_n of_o that_o august_n body_n be_v lead_v a_o captive_n in_o the_o triumph_n it_o be_v late_a ere_o the_o cavalcade_n reach_v the_o capitol_n but_o night_n before_o the_o emperor_n return_v to_o the_o palace_n on_o the_o follow_a day_n the_o common_a people_n be_v solace_v with_o the_o sight_n of_o stage-plays_a horse-race_n hunt_n the_o duel_n of_o the_o gladiator_n and_o mock_v sea-fight_n and_o among_o other_o the_o pleasantry_n of_o that_o merry_a time_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v forget_v that_o aurelian_a before_o he_o make_v his_o expedition_n into_o the_o east_n promise_v the_o roman_n that_o if_o he_o return_v a_o conqueror_n he_o will_v give_v a_o crown_n of_o two_o pound_v weight_n to_o every_o citizen_n which_o they_o expect_v will_v be_v of_o no_o worse_a metal_n than_o gold_n but_o the_o emperor_n be_v neither_o able_a nor_o willing_a present_v each_o of_o they_o with_o a_o fine_a wheaten_n loaf_n in_o shape_n of_o a_o crown_n and_o of_o the_o same_o weight_n and_o one_o of_o these_o he_o bestow_v on_o every_o commoner_n every_o year_n as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v chap._n xxx_o when_o this_o ceremony_n be_v over_o aurelian_a give_v both_o tetricus_n and_o zenobia_n their_o life_n constitute_v tetricus_n tetricus_n the_o corrector_n of_o any_o part_n of_o a_o roman_a province_n be_v reckon_v in_o honour_n equal_a to_o the_o
for_o and_o that_o he_o be_v satisfy_v that_o their_o argument_n from_o the_o inconstancy_n of_o humane_a affair_n never_o make_v any_o impression_n on_o their_o mind_n in_o the_o day_n of_o their_o prosperity_n while_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o tread_v in_o the_o step_n and_o to_o imitate_v the_o noble_a practice_n of_o his_o predecessor_n who_o be_v accustom_a to_o suppress_v the_o stubborn_a and_o obstinate_a but_o to_o comfort_v and_o support_v the_o penitent_a and_o have_v thus_o speak_v he_o command_v the_o ambassador_n to_o return_v to_o his_o master_n and_o to_o represent_v to_o he_o the_o clemency_n of_o the_o roman_n of_o who_o courage_n he_o have_v late_o meet_v with_o a_o unquestionable_a demonstration_n bid_v he_o to_o expect_v in_o a_o short_a time_n the_o return_n of_o the_o prisoner_n according_a to_o his_o desire_n have_v dismiss_v the_o persian_a ambassador_n the_o triumphant_a galerius_n return_v into_o mesopotamia_n to_o dioclesian_n cover_v with_o laurel_n and_o the_o trophy_n of_o a_o entire_a victory_n and_o be_v receive_v with_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o great_a honour_n as_o he_o just_o deserve_v at_o nisibis_n galerius_n meet_v the_o emperor_n without_o who_o consent_n himself_o be_v only_a caesar_n at_o that_o time_n can_v not_o confirm_v a_o peace_n and_o have_v make_v dioclesian_n acquaint_v with_o the_o particular_n consult_v with_o he_o what_o article_n they_o shall_v propose_v to_o the_o persian_a monarch_n 30._o p._n patric_n excerp_n p._n 29._o 30._o when_o they_o have_v adjust_v the_o affair_n they_o send_v sicorius_n probus_n the_o emperor_n secretary_n into_o persia_n with_o the_o term_n of_o agreement_n the_o king_n treat_v the_o ambassador_n with_o all_o civility_n but_o pretend_v some_o hindrance_n or_o other_o carry_v he_o with_o he_o from_o place_n to_o place_n till_o he_o come_v to_o asprudis_n a_o river_n of_o media_n where_o the_o scatter_a remain_v of_o his_o rout_v army_n have_v rally_v and_o embody_v themselves_o pitch_v their_o tent_n there_o he_o grant_v the_o ambassador_n all_o the_o demand_n of_o his_o master_n the_o emperor_n except_o that_o the_o place_n of_o meet_v shall_v be_v nisibis_n upon_o which_o the_o persian_a monarch_n wife_n and_o child_n be_v restore_v he_o and_o the_o captive_a nobility_n have_v their_o liberty_n at_o this_o time_n castra_n be_v found_v by_o dioclesian_n say_v 5._o say_v lib._n 23._o cap._n 5._o ammianus_n marcellinus_n and_o 17._o and_o par._n 2._o p._n 17._o johannes_n malela_n which_o he_o call_v cercusium_n malela_n circisium_n but_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o chalcedon_n council_n castro-circon_a by_o a_o complication_n of_o both_o name_n for_o the_o eruption_n of_o the_o persian_n into_o the_o roman_a territory_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o euphrates_n be_v so_o destructive_a to_o those_o province_n that_o the_o 42._o the_o procop._n persic_a l._n 2._o c._n 5._o p._n 97._o &_o the_o aedific_a l._n 2._o c._n 3._o p._n 42._o emperor_n see_v it_o very_o necessary_a to_o build_v several_a city_n and_o castle_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o that_o river_n to_o secure_v their_o border_n particular_o in_o that_o large_a and_o barren_a desert_n that_o lie_v between_o euphratesia_n and_o the_o persian_a limit_n in_o that_o solitude_n dioclesian_n erect_v three_o castle_n build_v of_o unbaked_a brick_n of_o which_o number_n mambri_n be_v one_o which_o be_v situate_a five_o mile_n below_o zenobia_n but_o circesium_n stand_v three_o day_n journey_n low_a than_o zenobia_n and_o as_o far_o from_o palmyra_n be_v the_o last_o and_o remote_a castle_n that_o the_o roman_n have_v on_o their_o confine_n a_o little_a below_o thapsacus_n it_o be_v build_v very_o neat_a and_o very_o strong_a on_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o euphrates_n and_o the_o abora_n or_o chaborras_n as_o it_o be_v call_v in_o ptolemy_n two_o noble_a river_n which_o wash_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n be_v situate_v on_o the_o far_a side_n of_o the_o euphrates_n in_o that_o very_a angle_n which_o the_o two_o river_n make_v when_o they_o meet_v beside_o the_o rampart_n of_o the_o castle_n it_o be_v defend_v by_o a_o long_a wall_n which_o extend_v itself_o for_o some_o mile_n on_o the_o side_n of_o both_o the_o river_n and_o be_v build_v in_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o triangle_n in_o time_n past_o it_o be_v a_o mean_a place_n and_o not_o tenable_a but_o dioclesian_n fence_v it_o with_o high_a wall_n and_o tower_n when_o in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o barbarian_n he_o fix_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n lest_o the_o persian_n shall_v by_o that_o pass_n invade_v syria_n as_o they_o have_v in_o time_n pass_v often_o do_v to_o the_o great_a detriment_n of_o the_o province_n paricular_o under_o supr_fw-la under_o ammian_n ubi_fw-la supr_fw-la gallienus_n when_o they_o march_v their_o army_n over_o this_o ford_n and_o sack_v and_o burn_v antioch_n in_o 17._o in_o malel_n par_fw-fr 2._o p._n 17._o the_o reign_n of_o julian_n the_o apostate_n it_o be_v garrison_v with_o 6000_o man_n and_o in_o the_o 13_o year_n of_o supr_fw-la of_o precop_n ubi_fw-la supr_fw-la justinian_n when_o chosroes_n bring_v his_o force_n thither_o with_o a_o design_n that_o way_n to_o invade_v the_o empire_n he_o dare_v not_o attempt_v it_o after_o which_o time_n how_o long_o it_o continue_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o east_n i_o know_v not_o by_o all_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o castra_n be_v found_v anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 27_o 8_o 9_o and_o that_o at_o that_o time_n hierocles_n be_v governor_n of_o palmyra_n chap._n xxxiii_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o honorius_n palmyra_n continue_v a_o roman_a garrison_n the_o town_n be_v then_o under_o the_o inspection_n of_o the_o dux_n phoeniciae_n as_o the_o notitiae_fw-la collect_v probable_o in_o that_o emperor_n reign_n affirm_v command_v by_o a_o colonel_n or_o praefect_n of_o the_o first_o illyrian_a legion_n which_o be_v leave_v there_o in_o garrison_n and_o in_o this_o state_n it_o be_v when_o stephen_n the_o grammarian_n of_o constantinople_n publish_v his_o work_n concern_v the_o city_n for_o he_o call_v it_o express_o a_o castle_n of_o syria_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o hermolaus_n his_o epitomator_n who_o dedicate_v his_o breviate_v to_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n inform_v we_o but_o though_o the_o civil_a privilege_n of_o the_o city_n be_v infringe_v it_o retain_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o episcopal_n see_v this_o fall_v not_o under_o the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o pagan_a emperor_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n be_v not_o fortify_v the_o church_n be_v careful_a to_o preserve_v her_o right_n when_o the_o city_n honour_v with_o the_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n have_v lose_v she_o justinian_n have_v determine_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n ann._n chr._n 52⅞_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o persian_n resolve_v to_o rebuild_v palmyra_n say_v procopius_n who_o thus_o describe_v it_o 95._o procop._n de_fw-fr aedific_n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o p._n 50._o &_o l._n 5._o c._n 1._o p._n 95._o that_o there_o be_v a_o city_n of_o phoenicia_n near_o mount_n libanus_n call_v palmyra_n build_v of_o old_a in_o a_o country_n that_o have_v no_o neighbour_n but_o such_o as_o be_v at_o a_o great_a distance_n but_o most_o commodious_o situate_v to_o observe_v the_o movement_n of_o the_o saracen_n the_o enemy_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v be_v build_v on_o purpose_n to_o prevent_v the_o eruption_n of_o those_o barbarian_n into_o the_o roman_a territory_n this_o city_n have_v be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n desert_v justinian_n strengthen_v with_o extraordinary_a fortification_n bring_v water_n to_o the_o place_n for_o the_o support_n of_o a_o strong_a garrison_n which_o he_o fix_v there_o and_o to_o justinian_n i_o be_o incline_v to_o attribute_v the_o build_n the_o castle_n of_o palmyra_n 103._o vid._n journal_n p._n 84_o 85_o 103._o rather_o than_o to_o a_o prince_n of_o the_o druses_n who_o never_o that_o we_o read_v of_o enlarge_v their_o territory_n as_o far_o as_o tadmur_v as_o also_o that_o noble_a aqueduct_v seem_v to_o be_v of_o his_o foundation_n which_o run_v underground_o in_o a_o direct_a passage_n five_o mile_n and_o be_v cover_v all_o the_o way_n with_o a_o arch_n of_o bastard-marble_n and_o a_o path_n on_o both_o side_n the_o channel_n large_a enough_o for_o two_o person_n to_o walk_v a_o breast_n in_o with_o ventiduct_n at_o every_o twenty_o yard_n distance_n be_v build_v for_o the_o supply_n of_o the_o garrison_n with_o water_n this_o be_v do_v say_v 148._o say_v chronogr_n p._n 148._o theophanes_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o justinian_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o uncle_n justin_n the_o emperor_n have_v give_v commission_n to_o patricius_n the_o armenian_a the_o governor_n of_o the_o east_n to_o see_v the_o work_n do_v effectual_o have_v furnish_v he_o with_o money_n to_o that_o purpose_n command_v also_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o east_n to_o
name_n i_o have_v in_o the_o history_n affirm_v from_o the_o authority_n of_o censibus_fw-la of_o lib._n 1._o censibus_fw-la ulpian_n that_o caracalla_n make_v palmyra_n a_o colony_n juris_fw-la italici_n but_o if_o i_o may_v be_v allow_v a_o conjecture_n i_o can_v think_v that_o septimius_n severus_n make_v it_o a_o colony_n as_o he_o do_v several_a other_o city_n in_o that_o country_n rhesaina_n tyrus_n laodicea_n nisibis_n and_o singara_n which_o from_o his_o name_n be_v style_v in_o the_o coin_n septimia_n rhesaina_n colonia_n septimia_n tyrus_n septimia_n colonia_n laodicea_n septimia_n colonia_n nisibis_n or_o as_o it_o be_v always_o in_o the_o coin_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o that_o his_o son_n caracalla_n give_v it_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o italian_a city_n as_o ulpian_n affirm_v for_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o past_o all_o doubt_n from_o the_o frequent_a use_n of_o the_o name_n septimius_n and_o septimia_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o palmyra_n who_o give_v it_o as_o a_o praenomen_fw-la to_o the_o people_n of_o both_o sex_n of_o the_o best_a family_n and_o condition_n that_o the_o citizen_n of_o tadmur_n have_v a_o very_a reverend_a regard_n for_o the_o emperor_n septimius_n severus_n but_o we_o want_v coin_n to_o determine_v this_o question_n in_o a_o inscription_n about_o the_o year_n 296._o journal_n pag._n 99_o journal_n for_o i_o be_o willing_a to_o supply_v the_o date_n from_o the_o former_a inscription_n pag._n 98._o because_o they_o both_o treat_v of_o the_o same_o person_n tadmur_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o other_o colony_n say_v the_o editor_n a_o word_n that_o occur_v not_o in_o any_o author_n which_o be_v a_o very_a honourable_a appellation_n schol._n thucyd._n l._n 1._o §_o 25._o p._n 15._o ed._n ox._n cum_fw-la schol._n the_o colony_n be_v oblige_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o honour_v their_o mother_n city_n and_o to_o give_v it_o the_o preference_n the_o law_n have_v appoint_v but_o the_o word_n shall_v be_v divide_v into_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d palmyra_n be_v both_o a_o metropolis_n and_o a_o colony_n as_o be_v several_a other_o city_n in_o syria_n as_o appear_v from_o the_o coin_n colonia_n damascus_n metropolis_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d zephyrus_n metropolis_n colonia_n tyrus_n metropolis_n colonia_n now_o though_o to_o be_v a_o roman_a colony_n be_v a_o great_a honour_n and_o entitle_v the_o city_n to_o great_a privilege_n yet_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o it_o leave_v the_o city_n deprive_v of_o its_o former_a unlimited_a liberty_n for_o in_o time_n past_o it_o be_v govern_v by_o its_o own_o statute_n 52._o agel_n lib._n 16._o c._n 13._o harduin_n antirrhet_n p._n 37_o 52._o but_o when_o make_v a_o colony_n be_v under_o the_o roman_a jurisdiction_n pay_v submission_n to_o their_o law_n and_o tribute_n to_o the_o emperor_n from_o which_o it_o be_v before_o exempt_a and_o if_o a_o frontier_n town_n as_o palmyra_n be_v it_o admit_v of_o a_o roman_a garrison_n the_o first_o legion_n of_o the_o illyrian_n be_v post_v there_o with_o the_o liberty_n reserve_v to_o the_o citizen_n that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v list_a as_o roman_n into_o their_o legion_n not_o as_o auxiliary_n in_o the_o ecclesiastic_a notitia_fw-la palmyra_n be_v at_o first_o a_o metropolitan_a as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n i._n e._n till_o its_o destruction_n by_o aurelian_a at_o the_o division_n of_o the_o empire_n by_o constantine_n the_o great_a it_o be_v a_o suffragan_n see_v under_o the_o archbishop_n of_o damascus_n who_o in_o the_o six_o act_n of_o the_o council_n hold_v at_o chalcedon_n thus_o subscribe_v for_o the_o bishop_n of_o his_o province_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n from_o whence_o also_o it_o appear_v that_o that_o church_n be_v orthodox_n in_o those_o day_n and_o that_o palmyra_n be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o suffragans_fw-la to_o that_o metropolitan_a but_o afterward_o it_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o edessa_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o notitia_fw-la of_o the_o emperor_n leo_n since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v no_o long_o a_o place_n in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a account_n christianity_n have_v be_v for_o some_o age_n total_o banish_v from_o palmyrene_n whether_o the_o merchant_n who_o travel_v from_o syria_n to_o seleucia_n 747._o strab._n lib._n 16._o p._n 747._o and_o babylon_n through_o the_o country_n of_o the_o arabe_n scenitae_n through_o the_o malii_fw-la and_o their_o desert_n and_o ferry_v over_o the_o euphrates_n near_o anthemusia_n in_o mesopotamia_n a_o city_n situate_a near_o the_o river_n aborrhas_n take_v palmyra_n in_o their_o way_n i_o can_v determine_v nor_o whether_o alexander_n the_o great_a march_v his_o army_n through_o or_o by_o that_o city_n when_o have_v leave_v egypt_n and_o past_a through_o phoenicia_n to_o thapsacus_n he_o carry_v his_o troop_n over_o the_o euphrates_n since_o none_o of_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o achievement_n of_o that_o miraculous_a prince_n take_v any_o notice_n of_o palmyra_n though_o it_o be_v to_o i_o unquestionable_a that_o palmyra_n submit_v to_o that_o irresistible_a conqueror_n as_o do_v many_o other_o city_n of_o who_o the_o historian_n make_v not_o any_o mention_n the_o situation_n of_o the_o city_n as_o to_o its_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n be_v different_o account_v for_o by_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o country_n the_o arab_n as_o the_o very_a learned_a dr._n hyde_n inform_v i_o ishmael_n abulfeda_a m.s._n geograph_n m.s._n the_o prince_n of_o hamah_n i_o e._n of_o that_o part_n of_o syria_n wherein_o tadmur_n be_v situate_a who_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o year_n 672._o of_o the_o mahometan_a aera_fw-la and_o constitute_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o country_n in_o the_o year_n 710._o of_o the_o same_o computation_n confess_v that_o his_o countryman_n who_o make_v it_o part_n of_o arabia_n be_v not_o agree_v three_o several_a author_n place_v it_o in_o different_a degree_n the_o first_o fix_v it_o in_o long._n 67.40_o lat._n 34.00_o the_o second_o in_o long._n 67._o 40._o lat._n 30.00_o the_o three_o in_o long._n 64.00_o lat._n 33.50_o but_o calcashendi_n 321._o tâ—n_n 1._o p._n 321._o another_o arabian_a author_n give_v this_o account_n out_o of_o other_o writer_n as_o the_o excellent_a master_n of_o the_o oriental_a language_n dr._n hyde_n translate_v he_o as_o for_o the_o territory_n of_o tadmur_n the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n al_n tarîph_n say_v it_o be_v situate_a between_o the_o two_o village_n and_o rahba_n and_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v in_o arabia_n in_o the_o four_o of_o the_o seven_o clime_n the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n of_o longitude_n say_v its_o longitude_n be_v 62_o degree_n and_o its_o latitude_n 34_o degree_n the_o lord_n of_o hamath_n i_o e._n abulpheda_n say_v it_o belong_v to_o the_o territory_n of_o hem_n i._n e._n emesa_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o it_o and_o that_o most_o of_o its_o soil_n be_v saltish_a that_o in_o it_o there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o sour_a plant_n call_v nagjel_n and_o also_o olive_n there_o be_v likewise_o very_o great_a and_o ancient_a ruin_n consist_v of_o pillar_n and_o rock_n and_o a_o castle_n with_o a_o wall_n the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n call_v all_o raud_n almîtar_n say_v that_o it_o be_v original_o a_o ancient_a city_n which_o the_o spirit_n build_v for_o solomon_n with_o extraordinary_a fortification_n it_o be_v call_v tadmur_n from_o tadmur_fw-la the_o daughter_n of_o hassân_n who_o sepulchre_n be_v there_o and_o solomon_n do_v inhabit_v it_o after_o she_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n al-azîzi_a say_v that_o between_o tadmur_n and_o damascus_n be_v 59_o mile_n between_o tadmur_n and_o rahba_fw-la 102_o miles_n the_o lord_n of_o hamath_n say_v it_o be_v from_o hem'_v about_o three_o station_n the_o only_a difference_n in_o the_o account_n be_v in_o this_o that_o the_o longitude_n of_o palmyra_n in_o word_n at_o length_n out_o of_o the_o book_n of_o longitude_n be_v 62._o which_o in_o abulpheda_n geography_n be_v 67._o where_o it_o be_v express_v in_o letter_n which_o must_v be_v attribute_v to_o the_o carelessness_n of_o the_o transcriber_n i_o be_v a_o little_a surprise_v when_o read_v all_o edrisi_n common_o but_o wrong_o call_v the_o nubian_n geographer_n i_o find_v a_o tademyr_n in_o spain_n which_o comprehend_v the_o kingdom_n of_o murcia_n and_o tarragon_n and_o be_v incline_v to_o believe_v that_o the_o caliph_n send_v a_o colony_n from_o the_o syrian_a tadmur_n as_o well_o as_o from_o the_o other_o city_n of_o his_o vast_a dominion_n to_o people_n spain_n when_o he_o have_v conquer_v it_o who_o from_o their_o own_o native_a city_n give_v the_o name_n to_o that_o part_n of_o spain_n but_o my_o learned_a and_o much_o
honour_a friend_n dr._n bernard_n have_v inform_v i_o that_o the_o spanish_a tademir_n may_v be_v derive_v as_o to_o name_n and_o no_o otherwise_o from_o the_o syrian_a tadmor_n or_o from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d tadmera_n mescella_n populi_n from_o a_o mixture_n of_o several_a nation_n inhabit_v there_o as_o tidal_a in_o holy_a writ_n be_v call_v the_o king_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o galilee_n style_v galilee_n of_o the_o gentile_n the_o arab_n of_o this_o age_n say_v that_o in_o ancient_a time_n solomon_n ebn_n el_fw-es doud_n or_o the_o son_n of_o david_n build_v a_o city_n in_o that_o place_n which_o be_v destroy_v be_v re-edifyed_a by_o a_o strange_a people_n and_o the_o present_a inhabitant_n pretend_v to_o show_v you_o the_o top_n of_o a_o mountain_n where_o one_o of_o solomon_n concubine_n lie_v bury_v as_o if_o that_o great_a king_n have_v fix_v his_o court_n there_o have_v destine_v it_o to_o his_o retirement_n and_o pleasure_n as_o josephus_n seem_v to_o affirm_v chap._n ii_o of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o palmyrenian_o from_o the_o name_n of_o the_o city_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o consider_v the_o name_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o i_o question_v not_o but_o as_o their_o first_o language_n be_v hebrew_n or_o syriack_n so_o the_o people_n have_v syriack_n or_o hebrew_n name_n this_o want_v no_o further_a confirmation_n the_o inscription_n put_v it_o past_o all_o doubt_n odenathus_n airanes_n vaballathus_n mocimus_n orodes_n zabdas_n matthas_n jaribolus_n etc._n etc._n be_v all_o pure_a syriack_n and_o have_v the_o curiosity_n of_o our_o english_a traveller_n direct_v they_o to_o have_v transcribe_v the_o syriack_n inscription_n as_o well_o as_o the_o greek_a at_o tadmur_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o as_o we_o may_v from_o they_o have_v retrieve_v the_o old_a syriack_n alphabet_n so_o we_o also_o may_v have_v be_v enable_v to_o correct_v more_o than_o one_o mistake_v either_o of_o the_o grave_a or_o transcriber_n as_o i_o shall_v unquestionable_o demonstrate_v there_o be_v such_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o people_n of_o that_o famous_a city_n this_o method_n i_o doubt_v not_o the_o palmyrenian_o make_v use_v of_o that_o their_o public_a monument_n as_o long_o as_o they_o continue_v may_v preserve_v the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o ancient_a native_a language_n and_o i_o hope_v some_o attempt_n will_v be_v make_v to_o recover_v at_o least_o the_o understanding_n of_o their_o letter_n for_o monsieur_n petit_n specimen_fw-la in_o spon_n miscellany_n be_v all_o dream_n and_o that_o learned_a man_n if_o he_o have_v be_v in_o earnest_a will_v doubtless_o have_v give_v we_o his_o alphabet_n and_o the_o inscription_n according_o reduce_v into_o the_o hebrew_n or_o some_o other_o know_v character_n it_o be_v true_a he_o say_v they_o be_v the_o phaenician_a probable_o the_o same_o with_o the_o old_a syriack_n letter_n for_o gruter_n opinion_n that_o they_o be_v arabic_a be_v not_o to_o be_v defend_v but_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o antony_n gallandius_n confutation_n of_o mr._n petit_n in_o the_o same_o miscellany_n after_o the_o roman_n have_v extend_v their_o empire_n into_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o syria_n the_o man_n of_o palmyra_n agreeable_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o other_o nation_n of_o the_o east_n assume_v to_o themselves_o a_o prae-nomen_a the_o custom_n of_o have_v two_o name_n have_v be_v take_v up_o by_o the_o greek_n and_o syrian_n about_o the_o time_n of_o trajan_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o sepulchral_v inscription_n at_o tadmur_n 4._o n._n 3_o 4._o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o which_o be_v erect_v under_o trajan_n where_o the_o name_n of_o elabelus_n mannaeus_fw-la soraechus_n malchus_n vaballathus_n gichus_n mocimus_n stand_v alone_o without_o any_o prae-nomina_a but_o in_o the_o inscription_n of_o aftertime_n septimius_n rupilius_n julius_n aurelius_n frequent_o occur_v which_o be_v roman_n be_v prefix_v to_o their_o syriack_n name_n as_o some_o of_o they_o have_v two_o syriack_n name_n the_o last_o have_v probable_o be_v givent_fw-fr to_o those_o who_o be_v adopt_v into_o other_o family_n as_o phanius_fw-la mocimus_n qui_fw-la &_o airanes_n julius_n aurelius_n zenobius_n qui_fw-la &_o zabdilas_fw-la the_o fore-name_n septimius_n be_v in_o very_o frequent_a use_n at_o tadmur_n probable_o in_o honour_n of_o septimius_n severus_n the_o emperor_n their_o benefactor_n the_o first_o of_o their_o emperor_n be_v septimius_n odenathus_n their_o only_a empress_n septimia_n zenobia_n their_o great_a man_n septimius_n orodes_n and_o septimius_n airanes_n now_o the_o prae-nomen_a be_v either_o greek_a or_o roman_a the_o second_o the_o proper_a syriack_n name_n of_o the_o person_n be_v postponed_a to_o that_o which_o be_v assume_v ex_fw-la gr_n septimius_n zenobius_n longinus_n cassimus_fw-la julius_n aurelius_n zenobius_n alexander_n capadetus_n julius_n aurelius_n ealme_n if_o it_o shall_v not_o rather_o be_v read_v palm_n for_o he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o roman_a and_o a_o gentleman_n of_o one_o of_o their_o troop_n now_o palma_n be_v a_o know_a name_n among_o the_o roman_n palma_n the_o consul_n and_o the_o lieutenant-general_n to_o trajan_n in_o his_o parthian_a expedition_n be_v very_o famous_a who_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a faction_n to_o adrian_n 4._o sparta_n hadr._n p._n 2_o 4._o be_v slay_v at_o terracina_n by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n i_o can_v agree_v with_o the_o learned_a mr._n halley_n correct_v the_o coin_n of_o vaballathus_n and_o read_v airanes_n for_o hermeias_n for_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o in_o those_o name_n the_o first_o be_v greek_n or_o latin_a the_o latter_a syriack_n which_o also_o confirm_v i_o in_o my_o opinion_n that_o vaballathus_n be_v the_o son_n of_o herodes_n or_o herodianus_n and_o that_o the_o father_n name_n be_v athenas_n herodes_n of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o it_o be_v also_o observable_a that_o the_o palmyrenian_o like_o their_o neighbour_n the_o arab_n with_o their_o own_o name_n give_v their_o pedigree_n reckon_v up_o their_o ancestor_n many_o time_n to_o their_o great-grand-father_n this_o the_o saracenic_a history_n put_v out_o of_o all_o dispute_n as_o to_o the_o arab_n and_o the_o inscription_n as_o to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o tadmur_n now_o to_o show_v that_o the_o name_n be_v of_o syriack_n or_o hebrew_n extraction_n as_o the_o prae_fw-la nomina_fw-la of_o greek_a or_o latin_a be_v a_o easy_a undertake_n jaribolus_n or_o jariboleus_n be_v jerubbaal_n gideon_n name_n bareiche_n be_v barachias_n baruchus_n 346._o tom._n 3._o mon._n graec._n p._n 346._o or_o barachus_fw-la of_o which_o name_n be_v baruch_n the_o prophet_n jeremy_n scribe_n and_o a_o bishop_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o borochus_n the_o judge_n in_o jamblichus_n ouorodes_n be_v orodes_n and_o herod_n soraechus_n saruch_n nahar_n father_n gen._n 11._o and_o in_o jamblicus_n 94._o jamblicus_n apud_fw-la phot._n cod._n 94._o babylonicks_n soraechus_n the_o son_n of_o soraechus_n the_o publican_n make_v a_o considerable_a figure_n simon_n be_v pure_o hebrew_a vaballathus_n be_v balathus_n with_o the_o arabic_a praefix_n bal_n belus_n bolathus_n and_o balathus_n the_o same_o name_n in_o damascius_n ballatha_n be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o syrian_a city_n in_o ptolemy_n and_o sanballat_n i._n e._n the_o prince_n ballathus_n appear_v in_o holy_a writ_n the_o governor_n of_o mesopotamia_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d nehem._n 2.9_o and_o vaballathus_n in_o vopiscus_n be_v call_v balbatus_n for_o ballathus_n 30._o euseb_n l._n 7._o c._n 30._o bolanus_n be_v one_o of_o the_o bishop_n who_o in_o the_o synod_n of_o antioch_n condemn_v paulus_n of_o samosata_n matthas_n among_o the_o man_n and_o martha_n among_o the_o woman_n be_v also_o hebrew_a matthas_n matthat_n matthan_n mattathas_n airanes_n aarones_n jaraius_n jair_n elabelus_n be_v elbelus_n or_o the_o god_n bel_n sometime_o alagbelus_n alagabalus_fw-la corrupt_o heliogabalus_n mannaeus_fw-la be_v the_o same_o name_n with_o manoah_n 13.2_o judg._n 13.2_o or_o as_o the_o lxx_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o manahath_n 1_o chron._n 1.40_o zenobius_n be_v a_o common_a name_n among_o the_o phaenician_o and_o syrian_n 13._o syrian_n l._n 8._o c._n 13._o eusebius_n mention_n two_o martyr_n of_o that_o name_n who_o suffer_v in_o the_o dioclesian_n persecution_n the_o one_o a_o admirable_a physician_n the_o other_o a_o presbyter_n of_o the_o church_n of_o sidon_n against_o zenobius_n of_o emesa_n 228._o phot._n â—od_a 228._o ephremius_n the_o patriarch_n of_o antioch_n write_v a_o learned_a treatise_n and_o zenobius_n a_o bishop_n of_o cilicia_n be_v martyr_a in_o the_o same_o persecution_n with_o his_o wife_n and_o his_o sister_n zenobia_n say_v simeon_n metaphrastes_n and_o the_o wife_n of_o basiliscus_n the_o emperor_n be_v also_o call_v zenobia_n malech_n malchus_n and_o malchion_n of_o which_o name_n be_v a_o eminent_a 29._o eminent_a id._n l._n 7._o c._n 29._o presbyter_n of_o antioch_n who_o oppose_v paulus_n of_o samosata_n the_o
argentum_fw-la ad_fw-la ludos_fw-la commodare_fw-la l._n 28._o d._n de_fw-fr auro_fw-la argento_fw-la etc._n etc._n aedile_n plebis_fw-la ludorum_fw-la maximè_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la creatos_fw-la vid._n gronou._n observe_v l._n 4._o c._n 21._o that_o the_o same_o person_n who_o furnish_v the_o expense_n be_v the_o precedent_n and_o judge_n of_o the_o game_n both_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d who_o if_o the_o whole_a province_n meet_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v from_o the_o name_n of_o the_o country_n call_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o there_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o ruffinus_n in_o his_o version_n of_o the_o martyrdom_n of_o st._n polycarp_n render_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o eusebius_n greek_n by_o munerarius_fw-la the_o person_n who_o manage_v the_o expense_n of_o the_o spectacula_fw-la very_o proper_o this_o generosity_n make_v so_o deep_a and_o last_a a_o impression_n upon_o the_o populace_n who_o be_v general_o lead_v by_o appearance_n cxxi_o reinesii-inscript_a class_n 6._o n._n cxxi_o and_o satisfy_v with_o show_n that_o they_o often_o erect_v monument_n to_o the_o memory_n of_o their_o benefactor_n for_o this_o very_a reason_n so_o the_o city_n of_o taenarium_n in_o the_o gulf_n of_o sparta_n celebrate_v the_o glory_n of_o tiberius_n claudius_n charito_fw-la in_o this_o noble_a inscription_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d f._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hoc_fw-la est_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d subaudi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o city_n of_o the_o taenarians_n have_v honour_v tiberius_n claudius_n charito_fw-la their_o most_o excellent_a citizen_n for_o his_o great_a prudence_n and_o his_o unspeakable_a magnificence_n when_o he_o be_v the_o aedile_n or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o their_o city_n this_o monument_n be_v erect_v by_o the_o order_n and_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n 146._o use_v groâ—vii_n memor_fw-la cosson_n â—_o 146._o in_o like_a manner_n claudius_n paulinus_n be_v reward_v by_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o smyrna_n for_o i_o conjecture_v that_o the_o marble_n find_v in_o that_o city_n belong_v to_o it_o with_o a_o noble_a monument_n erect_v to_o the_o memory_n of_o his_o daughter_n because_o he_o he_o have_v be_v the_o general_n of_o their_o horse_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a of_o their_o council_n their_o aedilis_fw-la and_o questor_n and_o precedent_n of_o their_o senate_n 106._o senate_n hesychius_n give_v another_o sense_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d id._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d well_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d id._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d v._o not._n in_o par_fw-fr 1._o marm_n oxon._n p._n 106._o which_o last_o be_v the_o high_a civil_a honour_n he_o can_v attain_v to_o panegyric_n plin._n panegyric_n for_o even_o at_o rome_n the_o consul_n preside_v in_o the_o senate_n when_o the_o emperor_n be_v present_a if_o the_o emperor_n himself_o be_v not_o consul_n thus_o the_o city_n of_o antioch_n erect_v a_o marble_n statue_n in_o daphne_n to_o artabanus_n one_o of_o their_o citizen_n 381._o malel_n par_fw-fr 1._o lib._n 12._o p._n 381._o who_o be_v the_o first_o syriarcha_fw-la who_o preside_v over_o the_o olympic_a game_n celebrate_v in_o that_o city_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n commodus_n with_o this_o inscription_n to_o the_o eternal_a memory_n of_o artaban_n and_o thus_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o palmyra_n among_o the_o other_o achievement_n of_o jullus_n aurelius_n zenobius_n and_o of_o septimius_n orodes_n celebrate_v they_o that_o they_o have_v magnificent_o and_o splendid_o discharge_v this_o office_n particular_o zenobius_n that_o he_o manage_v that_o province_n when_o he_o undertake_v it_o with_o a_o extraordinary_a liberality_n for_o they_o distinguish_v between_o what_o be_v do_v at_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o public_a and_o come_v out_o of_o the_o treasury_n and_o what_o be_v expend_v by_o the_o officer_n out_o of_o his_o own_o coffer_n and_o themselves_o take_v care_n if_o the_o commonwealth_n do_v not_o to_o record_v this_o circumstance_n 109._o transact_v p._n 99_o 103_o 109._o so_o bolanus_n be_v say_v to_o have_v build_v a_o altar_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d at_o his_o own_o charge_n and_o agathangelus_n to_o have_v erect_v a_o canopy_n and_o a_o bed_n of_o state_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 105._o vid._n pag._n 105._o and_o so_o septimius_n be_v say_v to_o have_v supply_v the_o company_n or_o caravan_n of_o traveller_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o mareade_v 390._o malel_n par_fw-fr 1._o p._n 390._o who_o have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o magistrate_n of_o antioch_n be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o gallienus_n by_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o whole_a senate_n and_o people_n eject_v out_o of_o the_o government_n because_o whatever_o party_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o provide_v for_o in_o the_o public_a horserace_n he_o not_o only_o refuse_v to_o lay_v out_o any_o money_n of_o his_o own_o but_o cheat_v the_o public_a of_o what_o be_v destine_v by_o the_o city_n to_o those_o diversion_n the_o emperor_n afterward_o enact_v that_o whosoever_o be_v appoint_v to_o inspect_v the_o ludi_fw-la circenses_fw-la 20._o l._n 10._o tit_n 31._o §._o 20._o which_o be_v the_o office_n of_o the_o duumviri_fw-la and_o alienate_v or_o divert_v to_o another_o use_n any_o part_n of_o the_o revenue_n destine_v to_o that_o service_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o refund_v this_o disgrace_n occasion_v his_o fly_n to_o sapores_fw-la the_o king_n of_o persia_n in_o those_o dissolute_a time_n to_o who_o he_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o unhappy_a state_n of_o his_o native_a country_n and_o the_o carelessness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o occasion_v the_o ruin_n of_o that_o noble_a city_n as_o be_v already_o mention_v the_o traitor_n himself_o be_v sacrifice_v by_o that_o very_a prince_n who_o he_o have_v invite_v into_o syria_n to_o the_o angry_a mane_n of_o his_o abuse_a country_n behead_v say_v malela_n burn_v alive_a say_v sup_n say_v vbi_fw-la sup_n ammianus_n marcellinus_n and_o 4._o and_o oeconomic_a c._n 4._o xenophon_n introduce_v socrates_n instruct_v critobulus_n as_o to_o what_o will_v be_v expect_v from_o a_o man_n of_o his_o figure_n and_o fortune_n at_o athens_n after_o he_o have_v inform_v he_o that_o he_o must_v very_o frequent_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o noble_a sacrifice_n and_o magnificent_a entertainment_n and_o feast_n he_o add_v that_o it_o will_v be_v expect_v from_o he_o that_o he_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o keep_v horse_n for_o the_o public_a race_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o if_o he_o shall_v ever_o refuse_v so_o to_o treat_v the_o citizen_n they_o will_v punish_v he_o as_o severe_o as_o if_o he_o have_v rob_v their_o house_n so_o passionate_o be_v the_o people_n of_o those_o age_n and_o country_n addict_v to_o the_o spectacula_fw-la and_o so_o much_o do_v they_o think_v they_o their_o due_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o senator_n of_o palmyra_n be_v man_n of_o eminence_n and_o condition_n and_o the_o most_o honourable_a member_n of_o the_o republic_n and_o therefore_o be_v style_v in_o the_o inscription_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d most_o illustrious_a but_o of_o those_o senator_n some_z i_o conjecture_v be_v a_o stand_a council_n of_o state_n as_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v at_o athens_n and_o in_o most_o commonwealth_n some_o similar_v court_n for_o rupilius_n orodes_n be_v say_v to_o be_v both_o a_o senator_n and_o a_o counsellor_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o that_o as_o the_o 46._o the_o v._o marm._n oxon._n n._n 46._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v distinguish_v at_o athens_n so_o at_o palmyra_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d have_v their_o distinction_n for_o as_o the_o roman_n have_v their_o senate_n so_o other_o city_n have_v they_o their_o court_n of_o alderman_n who_o govern_v the_o people_n their_o duumviri_fw-la represent_v the_o consul_n of_o which_o senator_n some_o be_v eminent_a and_o principal_a for_o authority_n and_o influence_n and_o such_o probable_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d at_o palmyra_n man_n who_o have_v bear_v the_o office_n of_o the_o duumvirate_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n be_v not_o only_o of_o the_o senatorian_n 140._o memor_n cosson_n marm._n 2._o p._n 140._o but_o consular_a dignity_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v word_v in_o another_o inscription_n the_o name_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o must_v be_v confess_v be_v common_o give_v to_o every_o member_n of_o that_o court_n so_o the_o old_a glossary_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d decurio_fw-la curialis_fw-la call_v decuriones_fw-la because_o whenever_o the_o colony_n or_o municipia_fw-la be_v establish_v and_o the_o government_n
of_o those_o city_n first_o institute_v the_o decurio_fw-la like_o our_o alderman_n of_o the_o ward_n have_v his_o particular_a province_n appoint_v and_o his_o number_n of_o person_n who_o he_o inspect_v nonius_n marcel_n decuriones_fw-la à _fw-la numero_fw-la cvi_fw-la praeerant_fw-la dicebantur_fw-la but_o the_o whole_a order_n or_o aggregate_v body_n govern_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v in_o the_o law_n and_o ancient_a history_n decuriones_fw-la civitatum_fw-la municipiorum_n &_o coloniarum_fw-la sept._n l._n 6._o epist_n ad_fw-la sept._n great_a care_n say_v tully_n be_v use_v in_o the_o choice_n of_o such_o governor_n the_o name_n of_o the_o candidate_n be_v before_o the_o election_n propose_v to_o the_o people_n that_o they_o may_v make_v their_o just_a exception_n if_o they_o have_v any_o against_o the_o person_n when_o any_o public_a business_n be_v to_o be_v do_v the_o senator_n be_v solemn_o summon_v to_o the_o court_n 1._o vid._n not._n in_o cod._n l._n 10._o t._n 31._o n._n 1._o for_o out_o of_o their_o body_n the_o duumviri_fw-la be_v choose_v who_o be_v to_o be_v nominate_v three_o month_n before_o they_o enter_v upon_o their_o province_n as_o also_o the_o aedile_n and_o in_o some_o place_n the_o dictator_n and_o praetor_n the_o court_n be_v oblige_v to_o give_v immediate_a notice_n to_o every_o officer_n if_o absent_a who_o they_o have_v elect_v the_o inspection_n of_o the_o treasury_n be_v commit_v to_o they_o they_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o management_n and_o disposal_n of_o all_o bequest_n and_o of_o the_o public_a money_n they_o be_v to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o granary_n shall_v always_o be_v full_a that_o the_o city_n may_v not_o want_v bread_n they_o impose_v and_o levy_v tax_n in_o short_a the_o whole_a management_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v in_o their_o hand_n it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o the_o discharge_v of_o the_o office_n be_v very_o expensive_a and_o they_o be_v accountable_a for_o whatever_o public_a money_n shall_v be_v embezzle_v or_o misapply_v antiquit_fw-la vid._n b._n brisso_n l._n 4._o select_a antiquit_fw-la and_o be_v encumber_v with_o a_o troublesome_a province_n for_o the_o senator_n be_v not_o to_o leave_v the_o city_n to_o go_v to_o the_o court_n either_o upon_o the_o public_a or_o his_o own_o private_a affair_n without_o leave_n from_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o province_n they_o be_v prohibit_v the_o apply_v themselves_o to_o a_o military_a employment_n and_o if_o any_o man_n scruple_v to_o serve_v his_o country_n after_o he_o be_v choose_v the_o law_n compel_v he_o for_o two_o year_n together_o to_o do_v the_o office_n of_o a_o duumvir_fw-la unless_o the_o court_n exempt_v he_o or_o he_o have_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o citizen_n to_o excuse_v he_o nor_o will_v fly_v to_o a_o monastery_n give_v a_o protection_n a_o religious_a house_n be_v not_o then_o a_o sanctuary_n to_o screen_n a_o man_n from_o civil_a employment_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o 46._o the_o nou._n 46._o novel_n of_o the_o emperor_n leo_n after_o who_o reign_n the_o word_n do_v not_o occur_v in_o the_o law_n nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o basilica_n the_o office_n of_o the_o ducurio_n be_v style_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o employment_n very_o burdensome_a and_o grievous_a and_o probable_o the_o person_n when_o choose_v be_v oblige_v to_o give_v to_o the_o public_a treasury_n a_o sum_n of_o money_n it_o be_v mention_v 475.3_o mention_v grut._n 475.3_o as_o a_o great_a honour_n do_v to_o titius_n chresimus_n that_o for_o the_o merit_n of_o his_o father_n the_o senate_n admit_v he_o into_o their_o society_n gratuitous_o ob_fw-la merita_fw-la patris_fw-la honorem_fw-la decurinatûs_fw-la gratuitum_fw-la decrevit_fw-la ordo_fw-la decurionum_fw-la but_o as_o the_o office_n be_v thus_o molest_v inasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v sometime_o inflict_v as_o a_o punishment_n for_o some_o offence_n so_o their_o privilege_n be_v very_o great_a and_o their_o station_n very_o honourable_a they_o be_v exempt_a from_o all_o extraordinary_a employment_n and_o from_o endure_v the_o torture_n be_v not_o to_o be_v condemn_v to_o the_o mine_n not_o to_o be_v burn_v alive_a throw_v to_o the_o wild_a beast_n crucify_a or_o behead_v but_o if_o criminal_a be_v imprison_v and_o fetter_v till_o the_o emperor_n have_v declare_v his_o pleasure_n and_o determine_v their_o fate_n and_o the_o honour_n be_v derive_v to_o the_o family_n to_o the_o father_n and_o the_o child_n of_o the_o senator_n who_o be_v by_o this_o mean_v ennoble_v the_o man_n of_o worth_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v choose_v member_n of_o the_o court_n at_o fifteen_o and_o if_o any_o of_o they_o arrive_v to_o the_o age_n of_o seventy_o or_o prove_v the_o father_n of_o twelve_o child_n he_o be_v excuse_v from_o the_o fatigue_n while_o he_o enjoy_v all_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o senator_n nor_o can_v he_o be_v compel_v to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o province_n unless_o in_o case_n of_o most_o urgent_a necessity_n their_o body_n be_v style_v ordo_fw-la decurionum_fw-la the_o roll_n in_o which_o their_o edict_n be_v enter_v album_fw-la decurionum_fw-la their_o habit_n distinctive_a and_o ornamental_a decurionalibus_fw-la vestimentis_fw-la ornatus_fw-la 372.7_o grut._n p._n 372.7_o their_o house_n be_v supply_v with_o water_n upon_o the_o public_a charge_n ut_fw-la aquae_fw-la digitus_fw-la in_o domo_fw-la ejus_fw-la flueret_fw-la commodisque_fw-la publicis_fw-la 475.3_o id._n 475.3_o ac_fw-la si_fw-la decurio_fw-la frueretur_fw-la and_o they_o be_v capable_a of_o the_o great_a bequest_n above_o fifteen_o hundred_o pound_n have_v be_v give_v by_o c._n torasius_n 279.3_o grut._n p._n 279.3_o to_o furnish_v out_o the_o expense_n of_o a_o great_a supper_n annual_o provide_v on_o the_o birthday_n of_o his_o son_n for_o the_o ducuriones_n of_o the_o city_n and_o for_o a_o largess_n in_o money_n to_o the_o poor_a and_o if_o any_o generous_a person_n when_o die_v left_a legacy_n to_o the_o people_n they_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o disposal_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o inscription_n d._n f._n d._n i._o p._n h._n e._n decurionum_fw-la fide_fw-la dividenda_fw-la in_o publicum_fw-la and_o if_o the_o emperor_n resolve_v to_o express_v his_o indignation_n against_o any_o people_n he_o deny_v they_o the_o privilege_n of_o be_v rule_v by_o a_o senate_n of_o their_o own_o inhabitant_n and_o leave_v their_o life_n and_o fortune_n to_o the_o discretion_n and_o integrity_n of_o their_o governor_n who_o be_v a_o foreigner_n 451._o dio._n l._n 51._o p._n 451._o so_o augustus_n punish_v the_o proud_a city_n of_o alexandria_n for_o when_o he_o have_v conquer_v egypt_n he_o constitute_v cornelius_n gallus_n their_o governor_n but_o will_v not_o permit_v any_o citizen_n a_o share_n in_o public_a affair_n while_o he_o allow_v other_o city_n their_o privilege_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o this_o state_n they_o continue_v till_o septimius_n severus_n give_v they_o the_o jus_n buleutarum_fw-la the_o liberty_n to_o be_v govern_v by_o their_o own_o citizen_n 70._o spartian_a severus_n p._n 70._o and_o his_o son_n antoninus_n put_v they_o into_o the_o capacity_n of_o be_v choose_v senator_n at_o rome_n which_o i_o conjecture_v be_v one_o of_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o decuriones_fw-la in_o the_o colony_n that_o this_o title_n be_v very_o honourable_a in_o the_o colony_n of_o palmyra_n appear_v from_o sextus_n rufus_n who_o call_v odenathus_n before_o he_o assume_v the_o purple_a by_o the_o name_n of_o decurio_fw-la palmyrenus_n which_o trebellius_n pollio_n explain_v by_o princeps_fw-la civitatis_fw-la for_o the_o senator_n be_v the_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o city_n where_o they_o reside_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o imitation_n of_o the_o roman_a method_n of_o government_n the_o palmyrenian_o have_v also_o their_o procuratores_fw-la ducenarii_fw-la of_o which_o order_n be_v septimius_n orodes_n under_o odenathus_n and_o paulus_n of_o samosata_n the_o patriarch_n of_o antioch_n under_o zenobia_n the_o original_a of_o the_o office_n be_v to_o be_v deduce_v from_o the_o time_n of_o augustus_n who_o 32._o sneton_n august_n n._n 32._o for_o the_o better_a and_o more_o regular_a government_n of_o his_o subject_n to_o the_o three_o court_n of_o judicature_n which_o have_v be_v former_o erect_v add_v a_o four_o style_v decuria_n ducenariorum_n of_o a_o inferior_a order_n the_o judge_n whereof_o at_o their_o first_o institution_n be_v appoint_v to_o determine_v cause_n of_o less_o moment_n but_o be_v in_o process_n of_o time_n advance_v to_o a_o noble_a jurisdiction_n they_o be_v common_o man_n of_o quality_n of_o the_o equestrian_a dignity_n though_o sometime_o liberti_n but_o in_o those_o day_n the_o emperor_n freedman_n make_v no_o contemptible_a figure_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o custom_n before_o the_o reign_n of_o augustus_n be_v 506._o dio._n l._n 53._o p._n 506._o that_o every_o officer_n furnish_v the_o expense_n of_o his_o employment_n without_o any_o charge_n to_o the_o public_a but_o
honourable_a for_o the_o secretary_n be_v very_o little_a inferior_a to_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n either_o in_o dignity_n or_o authority_n be_v often_o of_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o the_o nobility_n verr._n orat._n 8._o in_o verr._n so_o say_v tully_n scribarum_fw-la ordo_fw-la est_fw-la honestus_fw-la quod_fw-la eorum_fw-la hominum_fw-la fidei_fw-la tabulae_fw-la publicae_fw-la periculaque_fw-la magistratuum_fw-la commitantur_fw-la he_o be_v elect_v into_o the_o office_n say_v julius_n pollux_n infr_n vbi_fw-la infr_n and_o aristotle_n in_o his_o account_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o athens_n affirm_v that_o he_o be_v the_o keeper_n of_o the_o public_a record_n and_o tully_n say_v the_o same_o enroll_v all_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o be_v a_o assessor_n in_o the_o court_n of_o judicature_n and_o therefore_o suidas_n be_v mistake_v when_o he_o aver_v that_o they_o have_v no_o other_o employment_n than_o to_o write_v 11._o jul._n pol._n l._n 8._o c._n 8_o 9_o 11._o and_o read_v or_o publish_v the_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n there_o be_v three_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d at_o athens_n of_o who_o the_o first_o keep_v all_o the_o public_a write_n the_o letter_n and_o decree_n of_o the_o city_n and_o he_o be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o council_n to_o the_o second_o the_o keep_n of_o all_o the_o law_n be_v entrust_v and_o he_o also_o be_v nominate_v by_o the_o council_n but_o the_o three_o be_v the_o secratary_n of_o the_o people_n choose_v by_o the_o commons_o and_o he_o it_o be_v who_o read_v all_o the_o write_n of_o the_o people_n say_v the_o scholiast_n of_o thucydides_n or_o rather_o read_v all_o the_o public_a order_n both_o to_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n his_o method_n of_o proceed_v be_v thus_o state_v by_o ammonius_n 〈◊〉_d in_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o grammateus_n have_v several_a order_n of_o council_n in_o his_o hand_n which_o he_o be_v to_o publish_v to_o the_o people_n he_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o and_o read_v the_o name_n of_o the_o person_n who_o propose_v the_o decree_n his_o father_n name_n and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o tribe_n or_o people_n to_o which_o he_o belong_v and_o then_o publish_v the_o decree_n itself_o after_o which_o he_o proceed_v to_o the_o second_o and_o three_o till_o he_o have_v publish_v they_o all_o the_o name_n of_o the_o secretary_n be_v always_o insert_v into_o every_o decree_n together_o with_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o precedent_n of_o of_o the_o senate_n for_o the_o time_n be_v or_o the_o praetor_n thus_o the_o inscription_n at_o agrigentum_n gergento_n in_o sicily_n 401._o grut._n 401._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o very_o often_o his_o name_n have_v the_o precedence_n in_o the_o decree_n as_o appear_v by_o several_a instance_n myster_n instance_n andocyd_n de_fw-fr myster_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 46._o 〈◊〉_d thucyd._n l._n 3._o v._n v._o cl._n not._n in_o marm._n ox._n 46._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o the_o coin_n the_o name_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o of_o a_o public_a eminent_a officer_n from_o who_o year_n of_o government_n the_o people_n make_v their_o computation_n be_v frequent_o insert_v particular_o in_o those_o of_o the_o city_n of_o caria_n where_o i_o suppose_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o chief_a magistrate_n one_o of_o the_o coin_n of_o mylasa_n be_v say_v to_o be_v stamp_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o hybreas_n the_o orator_n govern_v the_o city_n say_v 659._o say_v lib._n 14._o p._n 659._o strabo_n so_o the_o coin_n of_o the_o magnesian_o upon_o the_o maeander_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o maximinus_n be_v stamp_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o another_o of_o the_o ephestan_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d when_o ariston_n be_v their_o secretary_n and_o so_o honourable_a be_v the_o office_n 19_o act._n 19_o and_o so_o great_a the_o authority_n at_o ephesus_n that_o when_o the_o whole_a city_n be_v in_o a_o uproar_v and_o all_o the_o people_n of_o asia_n ferment_v into_o a_o violent_a tumult_n for_o it_o be_v high_o probable_a that_o the_o insult_n be_v make_v upon_o st._n paul_n when_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o community_n of_o asia_n be_v meet_v to_o celebrate_v their_o public_a game_n he_o by_o his_o single_a authority_n and_o command_n dismiss_v and_o disperse_v the_o riotous_a assembly_n and_o i_o conjecture_v that_o it_o be_v one_o reason_n why_o the_o same_o person_n be_v not_o long_o continue_v in_o this_o office_n to_o prevent_v any_o mischievous_a innovation_n which_o may_v be_v make_v in_o the_o republic_n by_o a_o officer_z who_o nad_z so_o great_a a_o trust_n and_o have_v it_o in_o his_o power_n to_o make_v himself_o very_o popular_a for_o it_o be_v a_o law_n at_o athens_n attic._n v._o petit._n the_o legib_n attic._n that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v twice_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d under_o the_o same_o magistracy_n though_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d person_n may_v be_v choose_v a_o second_o time_n under_o new_a magistrate_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o palmyrene_n inscription_n for_o though_o some_o place_n of_o trust_n be_v by_o special_a favour_n and_o upon_o great_a merit_n give_v for_o life_n some_o of_o their_o high_a priest_n be_v constitute_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d yet_o though_o sigonius_n affirm_v the_o contrary_a even_o the_o high_a priesthood_n itself_o be_v limit_v and_o probable_o annual_a in_o many_o place_n so_o 448.1_o so_o grut._n 448.1_o papirius_n alexander_n be_v say_v to_o be_v high_a priest_n the_o second_o time_n though_o in_o the_o same_o inscription_n he_o be_v call_v the_o priest_n of_o bacchus_n for_o his_o life_n and_o in_o a_o coin_n of_o the_o magnesian_o near_o sipylus_n apphianus_n be_v say_v to_o be_v praetor_n and_o high_a priest_n the_o second_o time_n so_o several_a city_n be_v constitute_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o second_o and_o three_o time_n and_o t._n fl._n taeanus_n gruter_n call_v he_o aelianus_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v the_o thirteen_o time_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o cleogenes_n in_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o athens_n 232._o petit._n ubi_fw-la sup_n p._n 232._o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o time_n secretary_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o malech_n agrippa_n manage_v that_o province_n a_o second_o time_n at_o palmyra_n nor_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d always_o a_o civil_a officer_n or_o minister_n of_o state_n but_o sometime_o a_o ecclesiastic_a and_o minister_n of_o religion_n for_o the_o high_a priest_n have_v always_o way_n his_o secretary_n to_o which_o office_n no_o man_n be_v at_o first_o admit_v but_o he_o who_o be_v of_o the_o patrician_n dignity_n thus_o cl._n paulinus_n 22._o v._o gronou._n memor_n cosson_n p._n 146._o marm._n 22._o in_o a_o curious_a inscription_n late_o bring_v from_o the_o levant_n be_v style_v the_o general_n of_o the_o horse_n the_o prutanis_n aedilis_fw-la quaestor_n precedent_n of_o the_o senate_n precedent_n of_o the_o gymnasium_n or_o gymnasiarch_n master_n of_o the_o ordnance_n or_o armoury_n the_o custos_fw-la rotulorum_fw-la and_o secretary_n of_o the_o olympic_a game_n where_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v distinct_a office_n the_o one_o a_o civil_a the_o other_o a_o sacred_a employment_n but_o that_o the_o first_o also_o be_v very_o honourable_a for_o in_o another_o inscription_n bring_v from_o the_o same_o place_n t._n fl._n 116._o marm._n ox._n 116._o onesimus_n paternianus_n be_v style_v the_o master_n of_o the_o ordnance_n the_o guardian_n of_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o nemesis_n the_o general_n of_o their_o horse_n the_o keeper_n of_o their_o record_n the_o first_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o aedile_n the_o quaestor_n of_o the_o city_n and_o honour_v with_o many_o other_o great_a office_n as_o also_o 219._o grut._n p._n 219._o that_o he_o be_v choose_v by_o vote_n that_o he_o be_v to_o take_v into_o his_o custody_n the_o table_n wherein_o the_o law_n be_v write_v that_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o preserve_v the_o original_n of_o all_o the_o league_n and_o to_o keep_v in_o a_o strong_a box_n all_o the_o book_n belong_v to_o his_o office_n and_o the_o public_a affair_n and_o when_o he_o shall_v be_v require_v by_o the_o community_n he_o shall_v bring_v they_o into_o the_o senate-house_n and_o whenever_o the_o society_n shall_v choose_v another_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d custos_fw-la rotulorum_fw-la he_o shall_v deliver_v up_o his_o trust_n but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n no_o layman_n be_v permit_v to_o be_v secretary_n to_o the_o high_a priest_n he_o be_v
euphrates_n between_o samosata_n and_o edessa_n near_o the_o midway_n and_o a_o episcopal_a see_n against_o this_o opinion_n that_o vaballathus_n be_v the_o grandson_n of_o odenathus_n the_o learned_a spanheim_n muster_v all_o his_o force_n etc._n dissert_n 7._o de_fw-la vsu_fw-la &_o pr._n numism_n p._n 597_o etc._n etc._n and_o blame_v mounseur_fw-fr tristan_n for_o indulge_v too_o much_o to_o his_o own_o wit_n and_o conjecture_n while_o vopiscus_n say_v express_o that_o vaballathus_n be_v zenobia_n son_n if._n casaubon_n notion_n that_o it_o be_v only_o a_o fictitious_a name_n through_o mistake_n of_o the_o greek_n who_o understand_v not_o the_o syrian_a language_n need_v no_o further_a confutation_n for_o which_o opinion_n also_o salmasius_n contend_v earnest_o the_o credit_n of_o vopiscus_n support_v it_o but_o it_o be_v plain_a 380._o not._n in_o vopisc_n p._n 380._o that_o vopiscus_n be_v deceive_v in_o that_o paragraph_n when_o he_o say_v that_o zenobia_n do_v not_o hold_v the_o empire_n in_o the_o name_n of_o herennianus_n and_o timolaus_n but_o of_o her_o son_n vaballathus_n express_o against_o the_o assertion_n of_o trebellius_n pollio_n 198._o 30_o tyr._n p._n 198._o who_o affirm_v the_o contrary_a and_o of_o 216._o of_o p._n 216._o vopiscus_n himself_o in_o another_o place_n that_o zenobia_n hold_v the_o empire_n of_o the_o east_n nomine_fw-la filiorum_fw-la in_o the_o name_n of_o her_o son_n and_o that_o the_o coin_n be_v a_o unquestionable_a confirmation_n of_o this_o truth_n spanheim_n himself_o confess_v in_o which_o the_o second_o and_o three_o year_n of_o their_o empire_n be_v record_v and_o therefore_o if_o any_o manuscript_n will_v give_v countenance_n to_o the_o addition_n i_o shall_v think_v with_o tristan_n that_o the_o word_n herodis_n be_v leave_v out_o and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v read_v vaballathi_o herodis_n filii_fw-la or_o probable_o vopiscus_n may_v mistake_v his_o author_n for_o 209._o for_o p._n 209._o he_o confess_v that_o he_o take_v all_o his_o notice_n out_o of_o the_o greek_a writer_n and_o through_o haste_n read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o so_o translate_v filii_fw-la for_o nepotis_fw-la but_o the_o place_v the_o head_n of_o vaballathus_n on_o the_o reverse_n of_o aurelian_n coin_n be_v to_o i_o a_o unquestionable_a evidence_n that_o he_o be_v not_o zenobia_n son_n for_o i_o believe_v there_o can_v be_v one_o instance_n produce_v of_o any_o emperor_n who_o give_v such_o a_o allowance_n but_o to_o a_o friend_n and_o confederate_a whereas_o zenobia_n and_o her_o son_n be_v always_o in_o profess_a enmity_n and_o open_a war_n with_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o roman_n with_o they_o who_o be_v very_o eager_a all_o through_o the_o reign_n of_o claudius_n to_o have_v that_o haughty_a queen_n subdue_v and_o the_o empire_n wrest_v out_o of_o her_o hand_n nor_o will_v the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n agree_v with_o this_o opinion_n if_o vaballathus_n be_v carry_v a_o prisoner_n to_o rome_n with_o zenobia_n and_o zenobia_n do_v not_o reign_v above_o five_o or_o six_o year_n for_o those_o in_o goltzius_n mention_v the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n one_o of_o which_o be_v stamp_v at_o troas_n imply_v that_o that_o city_n declare_v for_o his_o interest_n in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o his_o empire_n the_o year_n in_o which_o aurelian_a go_v to_o the_o east_n and_o the_o figure_n of_o hope_n on_o the_o reverse_n of_o one_o of_o his_o latin_a coin_n 143._o mauroceni_fw-la thes_n c._n 13._o p._n 143._o imply_v his_o expectation_n to_o be_v restore_v by_o that_o puissant_a prince_n who_o have_v be_v so_o long_o keep_v out_o of_o his_o right_n by_o his_o mother-in-law_n but_o spanheim_n enforce_v his_o opinion_n with_o a_o second_o argument_n that_o herod_n name_n do_v not_o appear_v in_o any_o of_o the_o coin_n of_o vaballathus_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o proof_n that_o herod_n be_v ever_o call_v athenas_n or_o athenaeus_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v in_o general_a that_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o that_o age_n and_o country_n to_o have_v two_o name_n the_o one_o latin_n or_o greek_a the_o other_z syriack_n as_o septimius_n odenathus_n hermias_n vaballathus_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o herod_n be_v call_v athenaeus_n athenas_n athenaeus_n athenodorus_n from_o athene_n i._n e._n minerva_n as_o hermias_n from_o hermes_n or_o mercury_n i_o once_o think_v that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o transpose_n the_o letter_n do_v by_o the_o greek_a monetarii_fw-la ignorant_a of_o syriack_n be_v put_v for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o which_o name_n malela_n the_o syrian_a writer_n always_o call_v odenathus_n but_o from_o one_o of_o the_o coin_n in_o goltzius_n 73._o thesaur_n p._n 73._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i_o be_o enclinable_a to_o read_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d herodes_n and_o orodes_n be_v the_o same_o name_n and_o always_o so_o write_v in_o the_o inscription_n but_o of_o this_o conjecture_n i_o must_v leave_v those_o person_n to_o be_v judge_n who_o have_v see_v those_o rare_a coin_n while_o i_o profess_v i_o be_v never_o so_o happy_a chap._n vi_o a_o account_n of_o longinus_n have_v account_v as_o well_o as_o i_o can_v for_o vaballathus_n i_o shall_v easy_o be_v pardon_v by_o all_o the_o lover_n of_o learning_n if_o out_o of_o a_o due_a reverence_n to_o the_o memory_n of_o longinus_n i_o endeavour_v to_o adjust_a the_o particular_n of_o the_o life_n of_o that_o admirable_a man._n who_o his_o father_n be_v we_o know_v not_o it_o have_v be_v the_o fate_n of_o many_o other_o excellent_a person_n that_o the_o world_n have_v be_v leave_v ignorant_a of_o their_o parent_n or_o the_o place_n of_o their_o nativity_n but_o his_o mother_n name_n be_v frontonis_n 〈◊〉_d suid._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o sister_n of_o the_o famous_a fronto_n nephew_n probable_o to_o the_o great_a plutarch_n by_o birth_n of_o the_o city_n of_o emesa_n by_o profession_n a_o orator_n who_o have_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n severus_n fix_v his_o residence_n at_o athens_n become_v a_o competitor_n for_o glory_n in_o his_o public_a exercise_n with_o philostratus_n the_o elder_a and_o apsines_n of_o gadara_n and_o die_v at_o athens_n leave_v his_o nephew_n longinus_n the_o critic_n his_o heir_n whether_o longinus_n be_v bear_v at_o palmyra_n as_o the_o editor_n of_o his_o book_n of_o the_o sublime_a conjecture_n i_o know_v not_o though_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o improbable_a that_o his_o mother_n who_o be_v of_o emesa_n may_v marry_v at_o palmyra_n a_o city_n not_o far_o from_o it_o though_o tanaquil_n faber_n in_o his_o edition_n of_o that_o excellent_a treatise_n from_o that_o passage_n of_o vopiscus_n in_o the_o life_n of_o aurelian_a 219._o pag._n 219._o that_o longinus_n dictate_v the_o haughty_a epistle_n of_o zenobia_n to_o the_o emperor_n aurelian_a though_o it_o be_v write_v in_o syriack_n will_v conclude_v that_o longinus_n be_v not_o bear_v in_o syria_n and_o that_o those_o who_o determine_v that_o that_o country_n be_v the_o place_n of_o his_o nativity_n be_v confute_v by_o vopiscus_n he_o be_v usual_o call_v dionysius_n longinus_n but_o for_o what_o reason_n or_o from_o what_o manuscript_n i_o know_v not_o suidas_n express_o call_v he_o cassius_n though_o i_o rather_o think_v it_o shall_v be_v casimus_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o old_a milan_n edition_n of_o that_o lexicographer_n when_o he_o reckon_v up_o the_o author_n out_o of_o who_o he_o compile_v his_o work_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d casimus_n abul_n casimus_n and_o al-casem_a be_v arabic_a name_n that_o common_o occur_v in_o the_o saracenick_n history_n in_o his_o young_a day_n he_o travel_v into_o many_o country_n to_o improve_v his_o study_n plot._n ep._n longini_n apud_fw-la porph._n vit._n plot._n his_o parent_n give_v themselves_o the_o satiffaction_n to_o travel_v with_o he_o and_o to_o observe_v his_o proficiency_n where_o he_o contract_v a_o acquaintance_n with_o the_o most_o learned_a man_n of_o all_o nation_n who_o be_v the_o ornament_n of_o that_o age_n with_o euclides_n democritus_n and_o proclinus_fw-la of_o troas_n the_o platonist_n with_o plotinus_n and_o gentilianus_n amelius_n of_o the_o same_o sect_n at_o rome_n with_o ammonius_n and_o origen_n under_o who_o tuition_n he_o be_v a_o long_a time_n probable_o at_o alexandria_n where_o also_o he_o acquire_v the_o acquaintance_n of_o heliodorus_n the_o peripatetic_a with_o theodotus_n and_o eubulus_n who_o keep_v up_o the_o platonic_a succession_n at_o athens_n with_o themistocles_n and_o phebion_n the_o stoic_n with_o annius_n and_o medius_n with_o herminus_n and_o lysimachus_n with_o athenaeus_n and_o musonius_n of_o the_o same_o school_n at_o athens_n as_o also_o with_o ptolemy_n and_o another_o ammonius_n the_o peripatetic_n have_v thus_o gratify_v his_o curiosity_n in_o his_o travel_n and_o furnish_v his_o mind_n with_o they_o useful_a
phanius_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o dv_o in_o dv_o gruter_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o praetor_n of_o apamia_n in_o the_o 58._o the_o harduin_n p._n 58._o coin_n that_o this_o phanius_fw-la mocimus_n be_v also_o call_v airanes_n the_o inscription_n demonstrate_v wherein_o airanes_n be_v express_o call_v the_o father_n of_o alcamenes_n they_o be_v both_o magnify_v for_o their_o piety_n and_o their_o love_n to_o their_o country_n as_o barachias_n and_o mocimus_n his_o son_n be_v applaud_v in_o the_o next_o ininscription_n to_o which_o they_o be_v great_a benefactor_n while_o in_o gratitude_n their_o fellow-citizen_n honour_v such_o patron_n with_o the_o magnificent_a title_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d founder_n of_o their_o city_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d saviour_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d benefactor_n pay_v they_o the_o high_a respect_n while_o alive_a and_o perpetuate_a their_o memory_n when_o dead_a by_o a_o thankful_a remembrance_n by_o public_a statue_n and_o noble_a inscription_n according_a to_o that_o excellent_a sentence_n that_o be_v happy_o preserve_v among_o the_o fragment_n of_o the_o ancient_a gratitude_n in_o one_o of_o gruter_n marble_n 4._o 896_o 4._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o good_a man_n even_o when_o they_o be_v dead_a aught_o to_o be_v recompense_v and_o celebrate_v thus_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o ancyra_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o tectosagi_n honour_v l._n fulvius_n rusticus_n aemilianus_n calpurnius_n proclus_n and_o t._n 4._o v._o marm._n cosson_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4._o flavius_n taeanus_n their_o benefactor_n their_o founder_n and_o saviour_n this_o title_n of_o benefactor_n be_v sometime_o give_v to_o king_n say_v the_o holy_a writ_n luk._n 22.25_o to_o the_o ptolemy_n mithridates_n to_o philip_n of_o macedon_n and_o other_o prince_n even_o to_o woman_n so_o berenice_n be_v call_v by_o eratosthenes_n sometime_o by_o sovereign_n to_o their_o subject_n so_o artaxerxes_n honour_v mordecai_n with_o the_o title_n of_o benefactor_n and_o saviour_n say_v 6._o say_v antiq._n l._n 11._o c._n 6._o josephus_n their_o name_n and_o achievement_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o master_n be_v record_v v._n esth_n 6._o 1_o 2._o and_o a_o particular_a reward_n always_o 8._o always_o v._o heredot_n l._n 8._o appoint_v they_o at_o other_o time_n to_o whole_a country_n so_o the_o agriaspae_n be_v call_v 73._o call_v arrian_n l._n 3._o de_fw-fr exped_n alex._n p._n 73._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o persian_a name_n be_v orosangae_n say_v herodotus_n because_o they_o am_v cyrus_n the_o son_n of_o cambyses_n in_o his_o expedition_n against_o the_o scythian_n a_o title_n that_o demonstrate_v their_o likeness_n to_o the_o deity_n for_o the_o egyptian_n call_v their_o nilus_n and_o osiris_n i._n e._n the_o sun_n omphis_n which_o signify_v a_o benefactor_n say_v 3._o say_v de_fw-fr isid_n &_o osir_z &_o julian_n orat_fw-la 3._o hermaeus_n in_o plutarch_n to_o who_o also_o a_o good_a man_n be_v sometime_o account_v a_o benefactor_n for_o so_o clinodemus_n the_o son_n of_o lebotus_n be_v by_o a_o public_a decree_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o delos_n declare_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o and_o his_o posterity_n benefactor_n to_o the_o temple_n and_o people_n of_o delos_n 287._o v._o oxon_n marm._n apn_n 1._o &_o 3._o p._n 287._o and_o dionysius_n of_o berytus_n be_v celebrate_v as_o a_o benefactor_n to_o his_o country_n god_n so_o the_o learned_a editor_n of_o the_o oxford_n marble_n and_o other_o understand_v the_o inscription_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n beneficus_fw-la erga_fw-la patrios_fw-la deos_fw-la while_o the_o inscripton_n may_v be_v thus_o render_v i_o think_v more_o proper_o dionysius_n zenonis_n filius_fw-la theodori_n nepos_fw-la berytius_n beneficus_fw-la h._n e._n solenni_fw-la decreto_fw-la berytiornm_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seu_fw-la benefactor_n sancitus_fw-la diis_fw-la patriis_fw-la marmor_fw-la sc_fw-la seu_fw-la aram_fw-la posuit_fw-la seu_fw-la dedicavit_fw-la thus_o in_o a_o curious_a inscription_n find_v and_o transcribe_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr spon_n in_o the_o isthmus_n of_o corinth_n the_o dedication_n be_v make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 363._o miscellan_o erudit_fw-la antiquit_fw-la §._o 10._o n._n 111._o p._n 363._o publius_n licinius_n pyaem_n priscus_n juventianus_n the_o high_a priest_n for_o life_n devote_v to_o his_o country_n god_n and_o his_o country_n the_o altar_n which_o he_o have_v build_v the_o provision_n which_o he_o have_v make_v for_o the_o athletae_fw-la who_o shall_v come_v thither_o to_o the_o isthmian_a game_n with_o other_o munificent_a building_n erect_v to_o their_o honour_n upon_o which_o account_n we_o may_v well_o presume_v he_o a_o favourite_n to_o the_o people_n of_o corinth_n and_o to_o the_o penates_n as_o alcamenes_n and_o his_o father_n airanes_n be_v say_v to_o be_v please_v not_o only_o to_o their_o fellow-citizen_n but_o to_o their_o country_n god_n who_o probable_o by_o a_o oracle_n declare_v their_o good_a opinion_n of_o their_o person_n and_o acceptance_n of_o their_o service_n for_o so_o julius_n aurelius_n zenobius_n be_v in_o another_o of_o these_o inscription_n transact_v p._n 97._o transact_v say_v to_o be_v for_o his_o extraordinary_a meritorious_a service_n to_o his_o prince_n and_o country_n honour_v with_o a_o testimonial_a from_o the_o god_n jaribolus_n who_o be_v doubtless_o one_o the_o country_n god_n or_o penates_n of_o palmyra_n and_o bolanus_n declare_v in_o a_o three_o place_n to_o be_v choose_v one_o of_o the_o curator_n of_o the_o fountain_n aphaca_n by_o the_o same_o god_n jaribolus_n 103._o p._n 103._o the_o heathen_n pay_v a_o great_a veneration_n to_o their_o country_n god_n or_o penates_n for_o so_o the_o old_a glessaries_n instruct_v we_o penates_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 375._o goth._n l._n 1._o c._n 25._o p._n 375._o &_o vice_fw-la versâ_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d penates_n and_o procopius_n say_v that_o janus_n be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o ancient_a god_n who_o the_o roman_n call_v penates_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d h._n e._n penates_n jamblich_n ep._n jamblich_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o when_o julian_n the_o emperor_n will_v pass_v a_o extravagant_a compliment_n upon_o his_o friend_n jamblichus_n if_o the_o epistle_n be_v he_o which_o i_o much_o doubt_v he_o say_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o come_v into_o bythinia_n he_o offer_v he_o his_o present_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v one_o of_o his_o country_n god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 6._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ......_o senatus_n populusque_fw-la bareichen_n seu_fw-la barachiam_fw-la amrisamsi_fw-la filium_fw-la jariboleos_n nepotem_fw-la &_o mocimum_n illius_fw-la filium_fw-la viros_fw-la pios_fw-la &_o patriae_fw-la amantes_fw-la honoris_fw-la ergo_fw-la coluit_fw-la this_o honorary_a inscription_n need_v no_o commentary_n since_o it_o be_v so_o very_a like_o the_o former_a unless_o it_o be_v worth_a remark_n that_o jariboleus_n be_v here_o the_o name_n of_o a_o man_n as_o elsewhere_o of_o a_o god_n it_o be_v very_o usual_a to_o give_v the_o name_n of_o their_o deity_n to_o their_o great_a man_n though_o perhaps_o it_o may_v not_o be_v reckon_v the_o wild_a of_o conjecture_n to_o imagine_v that_o amrisamsus_n be_v call_v jariboleus_n after_o the_o name_n of_o his_o god_n to_o who_o patronage_n he_o have_v commit_v himself_o and_o by_o who_o he_o be_v nominate_v to_o some_o office_n perhaps_o the_o priesthood_n as_o bolanus_n be_v by_o the_o same_o deity_n to_o the_o office_n of_o curator_n of_o the_o fountain_n aphaca_n the_o follow_a inscription_n be_v very_o noble_a and_o very_o instructive_a 7._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d s._n p._n q._n palmyrenus_n julium_n aurelium_n zenobium_fw-la qui_fw-la &_o zabdilas_fw-la diosmalchi_n filium_fw-la nassumi_fw-la nep._n militantem_fw-la in_o adventu_fw-la dei_fw-la alexandri_fw-la &_o indefessà _fw-la praesentiá_fw-la inservientem_fw-la rutillio_n crispino_n duci_fw-la &_o deductis_fw-la vexillationibus_fw-la aedilem_fw-la nec_fw-la suis_fw-la parcentem_fw-la sumptibus_fw-la sed_fw-la &_o optimum_fw-la magistratum_fw-la ideóque_fw-la testimonio_fw-la ornatum_fw-la à _fw-la deo_fw-la jaribolo_fw-it &_o à _fw-fr julio_n ......_o nobilissimo_fw-la praefecto_fw-la praetorio_fw-la &_o à _fw-la patriâ_fw-la patriae_fw-la amantem_fw-la honoris_fw-la ergo_fw-la anno._n 554._o christi_fw-la sc_fw-la 242._o gordiani_n tertii_fw-la ⅚_n to_o understand_v this_o inscription_n aright_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o reflect_v upon_o the_o state_n of_o both_o the_o roman_a and_o persian_a empire_n at_o that_o time_n which_o i_o shall_v brief_o consider_v alexander_n the_o great_a have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o all_o the_o east_n 18._o zosim_fw-la l._n 1._o pag._n 18._o his_o successor_n the_o king_n of_o syria_n keep_v the_o possession_n of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n till_o arsaces_n the_o parthian_a provoke_v by_o the_o injury_n do_v to_o his_o brother_n tiridates_n take_v arm_n and_o have_v slay_v pherecles_n the_o governor_n
shipwright_n etc._n etc._n sometime_o whole_a city_n and_o region_n and_o the_o title_n and_o office_n be_v very_o honourable_a c._n torasius_n be_v by_o the_o unanimous_a suffrage_n of_o the_o magistrate_n choose_v the_o patron_n of_o a_o town_n by_o the_o river_n clitumnus_n ob_fw-la merita_fw-la ejus_fw-la erga_fw-la remp._n for_o his_o great_a service_n do_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n this_o patronage_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o even_o the_o roman_n themselves_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o odenathus_n in_o the_o east_n in_o who_o time_n the_o inscription_n be_v make_v shall_v court_v as_o julius_n palm_n do_v i_o call_v he_o palm_n because_o it_o be_v a_o know_a roman_a name_n and_o perhaps_o melenaeus_n shall_v be_v write_v mellinius_n or_o menelaus_n for_o which_o reason_n i_o have_v insert_v publius_n for_o puilsus_n he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o the_o equestrian_a dignity_n which_o entitle_v he_o at_o rome_n to_o eminent_a privilege_n which_o i_o shall_v not_o minutely_o enumerate_v only_o mention_v that_o the_o roman_a knight_n install_v the_o princeps_fw-la juventutis_fw-la present_v he_o with_o a_o horseman_n shield_n parma_n and_o a_o silver_n spear_n for_o so_o say_v the_o ancyran_n marble_n as_o gronovius_n judicious_o have_v supply_v the_o erase_v letter_n 60.84_o marm._n ancyr_n p._n 60.84_o equites_fw-la autem_fw-la romani_fw-la universi_fw-la principem_fw-la juventutis_fw-la romanorum_fw-la parmis_fw-la utrumque_fw-la &_o hastis_fw-la argenteis_fw-la donatum_fw-la appellaverunt_fw-la for_o that_o both_o caius_n and_o lucius_n be_v principes_fw-la juventutis_fw-la the_o coin_n put_v out_o of_o all_o doubt_n and_o that_o whenever_o a_o native_a of_o any_o of_o the_o romon_n colonies_n be_v admit_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o be_v make_v a_o roman_a knight_n he_o reckon_v the_o privilege_n among_o his_o noble_a title_n 141._o grut._n 388.4.400.3_o marm._n cos_n son_n p._n 141._o so_o l._n claudius_n the_o chief_a person_n of_o the_o island_n of_o malta_n glory_n in_o the_o honour_n as_o do_v fl._n aelianus_n or_o ti._n flavius_n taeanus_n as_o it_o be_v write_v in_o the_o marble_n of_o cosson_n though_o the_o highpriest_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n of_o galatia_n and_o galatarche_n the_o second_o founder_n of_o his_o native_a city_n ancyra_n and_o their_o ambassador_n to_o the_o emperor_n antoninus_n 12._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d septimium_fw-la airanem_fw-la odaenathi_o filium_fw-la senatorem_fw-la eminentissimum_fw-la i_o have_v already_o prove_v it_o not_o unlikely_a that_o this_o airanes_n be_v the_o son_n of_o the_o emperor_n odaenathus_fw-la before_o he_o assume_v the_o purple_a from_o his_o name_n septimius_n the_o name_n of_o his_o father_n be_v also_o insert_v and_o from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o follow_a inscription_n on_o the_o same_o pillar_n viz._n ann_n christi_fw-la 251._o but_o 13_o year_n before_o odaenathus_fw-la be_v choose_v by_o gallienus_n his_o copartner_n in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o world_n 13._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aurelius_n valerius_n heliodorus_n praefectus_fw-la legionis_fw-la illyriciorum_fw-la in_o honorem_fw-la patrum_fw-la &_o gratulationis_fw-la ergô_o anno_fw-la 363._o h._n e._n chr._n 251._o decii_n ult_n i_o have_v give_v the_o name_n valerius_n to_o heliodorus_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o vacancy_n because_o it_o occur_v elsewhere_o l._n p._n valerius_n heliodorus_n and_o because_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o appear_v before_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seem_v to_o be_v last_o letter_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o like_a vacancy_n occur_v in_o the_o same_o name_n in_o another_o inscription_n this_o heliodorus_n be_v i_o doubt_v not_o either_o the_o son_n of_o if_o not_o the_o same_o person_n with_o lucius_z aurelius_n heliodorus_n the_o son_n of_o antiochus_n a_o citizen_n of_o palmyra_n who_o in_o a_o inscription_n at_o rome_n publish_v by_o gruter_n but_o more_o accurate_o by_o tristan_n and_o spon_n erect_v a_o silver_n statue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o all_o its_o ornament_n to_o aglibelus_n and_o malachbelus_n the_o god_n of_o his_o country_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o himself_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n in_o the_o year_n 547._o according_a to_o the_o computation_n of_o his_o country_n but_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 235._o being_n the_o last_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o alexander_n severus_n the_o inscription_n late_o find_v at_o palmyra_n bear_v date_n 16_o year_n after_o ann_n chr._n 251._o which_o be_v the_o last_o year_n of_o the_o emperor_n decius_n he_o be_v style_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o marble_n at_o rome_n tristan_n read_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d not_o because_o a_o inhabitant_n of_o palmyra_n which_o from_o their_o benefactor_n be_v call_v hadrianople_n for_o than_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v write_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o by_o mistake_n of_o the_o grave_a or_o transcriber_n for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o college_n of_o priest_n sodalis_fw-la hadrianalis_fw-la dedicate_v to_o the_o service_n of_o that_o emperor_n after_o the_o senate_n have_v deify_v he_o for_o that_o he_o be_v acknowledge_v a_o god_n at_o palmyra_n be_v plain_a from_o another_o inscription_n in_o which_o he_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o that_o city_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o heliodorus_n be_v one_o of_o his_o priest_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o priest_n of_o hadrian_n as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o temple_n build_v to_o his_o memory_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o play_v institute_v to_o his_o honour_n i_o call_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o same_o with_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o occur_v in_o another_o 101._o another_o rein_n cl_o vi_o n._n 101._o inscription_n or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d propraetore_fw-la and_o have_v give_v he_o the_o command_n of_o the_o illyrian_a legion_n because_o in_o aftertime_n and_o probable_o in_o the_o day_n of_o decius_n that_o legion_n be_v depute_v to_o lie_v in_o garrison_n at_o palmyra_n as_o say_v the_o notitia_fw-la of_o the_o oriental_a empire_n sub_n deuce_n phaenice_fw-la praefecturae_fw-la or_o as_o it_o be_v much_o better_a in_o the_o ms._n praefectus_fw-la legionis_fw-la primae_fw-la illyriciorum_fw-la palmyrae_n against_o my_o opinion_n that_o both_o the_o inscription_n concern_v the_o same_o person_n i_o have_v meet_v with_o but_o one_o objection_n that_o in_o the_o one_o marble_n he_o be_v call_v a_o priest_n in_o the_o other_o a_o soldier_n as_o if_o the_o office_n be_v incompatible_a but_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o objection_n be_v very_o easy_a since_o it_o be_v usual_a in_o those_o day_n for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o person_n to_o put_v on_o the_o sacerdotal_a habit_n and_o the_o military_a as_o there_o have_v be_v in_o all_o the_o late_a age_n of_o the_o church_n martial_a bishop_n and_o priest_n to_o omit_v the_o emperor_n who_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n general_n of_o their_o own_o army_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n high-priest_n and_o to_o confine_v myself_o to_o the_o college_n of_o priest_n depute_v to_o the_o service_n of_o hadrian_n 9_o hadrian_n grut._n xlv_o 9_o lucius_n ragonius_n be_v a_o sodalis_fw-la hadrianalis_fw-la &_o legatus_fw-la legionis_fw-la 13._o geminae_n 2._o geminae_n ccccxii_fw-la 2._o septimius_n aper_n octavius_n be_v style_v sodalis_fw-la hadrianalis_fw-la and_o sevir_fw-fr turmae_fw-la secundae_fw-la equitum_fw-la romanorum_fw-la and_o 13._o and_o mxc._n 13._o m._n aelius_n aurelius_n cleo_n be_v call_v sodalis_fw-la hadrianalis_fw-la &_o tribunus_n militum_fw-la &_o laticlavus_n legionis_fw-la 12._o fulminatricis_fw-la to_o which_o i_o may_v add_v that_o marc_n antony_n to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o augustus_n as_o appian_n affirm_v become_v one_o of_o the_o priest_n of_o julius_n caesar_n and_o 4._o and_o dlxu._n 4._o lucius_n julius_n bonatus_fw-la be_v the_o highpriest_n of_o all_o the_o temple_n in_o asia_n and_o the_o general_n of_o the_o force_n of_o the_o lydian_n other_o instance_n of_o this_o kind_n frequent_o occur_v in_o the_o old_a inscription_n not_o be_v it_o a_o just_a argument_n against_o my_o emendation_n that_o heliodorus_n have_v many_o name_n it_o not_o be_v unusual_a for_o the_o same_o person_n to_o have_v 4_o or_o 5_o name_n e._n gr_n lucius_n livius_n sulpicius_n galba_n titus_n aelius_n adrianus_n antoninus_n p._n licinius_n pyaem_n priscus_n juventianus_n and_o among_o infinite_a other_o such_o example_n that_o in_o gruter_n come_v near_a the_o palmyrene_n 7._o dcviii_o 7._o l._n p._n valerio_n heliodoro_n tr._n leg._n 2._o adjutricis_fw-la l._n p._n valerius_n chilo_n filius_fw-la ejus_fw-la i_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o there_o be_v a_o aurelius_n heliodorus_n a_o freedman_n of_o one_o of_o the_o caesar_n who_o gruter_n mention_n but_o of_o which_o of_o the_o caesar_n or_o whither_o the_o same_o heliodore_n with_o the_o palmyrenian_a i_o can_v determine_v 14._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d
occur_v the_o time_n when_o the_o marble_n be_v erect_v have_v be_v already_o adjust_v 149_o p._n 148_o 149_o for_o then_o dioclesian_n build_v several_a castle_n upon_o the_o euphrates_n or_o rather_o than_o he_o build_v the_o castr_n caircesia_n for_o though_o it_o be_v a_o frontier_n castle_n before_o that_o time_n gordian_a when_o slay_v by_o philip_n have_v be_v bury_v there_o 5._o l._n 23._o c._n 5._o as_o capitolinus_n aver_v though_o am._n marcellinus_n who_o have_v be_v at_o the_o place_n say_v his_o tomb_n be_v not_o at_o circesium_n but_o at_o zaitha_n seven_o mile_n from_o it_o zosimus_n say_v it_o be_v at_o dura_n eutropius_n and_o rufus_n twenty_o mile_n from_o circesium_n yet_o it_o be_v so_o poor_a and_o weak_a a_o place_n say_v ammianus_n till_o dioclesian_n fortify_v it_o with_o strong_a wall_n and_o tower_n that_o for_o that_o reason_n he_o may_v be_v with_o justice_n say_v to_o have_v build_v the_o castle_n as_o those_o who_o have_v beautify_v decay_v city_n be_v common_o style_v by_o the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o founder_n of_o those_o place_n 20._o in_o the_o ruin_n of_o briadeen_n the_o follow_a inscription_n be_v find_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v inscribe_v on_o a_o altar_n or_o some_o pillar_n of_o a_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o minerva_n lindia_n for_o so_o i_o will_v correct_v and_o read_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d consecratum_fw-la fuit_fw-la minerva_fw-la lindiae_fw-la à _fw-la materno_fw-la &_o pappo_fw-la &_o marco_n in_o honorem_fw-la deae_fw-la anno_fw-la 541._o h._n e._n 229._o christi_fw-la alexandri_fw-la severi_n 8._o that_o alexander_n severus_n be_v the_o darling_n of_o the_o east_n no_o man_n will_v doubt_v who_o consider_v that_o he_o be_v not_o only_o bear_v in_o syria_n but_o have_v make_v a_o victorious_a expedition_n into_o persia_n to_o secure_v the_o quiet_a of_o his_o native_a country_n and_o that_o for_o his_o illustrious_a quality_n he_o be_v deify_v in_o libanesia_n and_o palmyrene_n as_o well_o as_o at_o rome_n in_o his_o reign_n be_v the_o inscription_n set_v up_o at_o briadeen_n possible_o to_o fulfil_v a_o vow_n for_o his_o preservation_n in_o honour_n of_o minerva_n lindia_n lindus_n be_v rhodes_n say_v suidas_n 〈◊〉_d suidas_n v._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o name_n both_o of_o the_o island_n and_o city_n where_o minerva_n be_v worship_v with_o a_o extraordinary_a devotion_n the_o inhabitant_n sacrifice_v to_o her_o every_o day_n and_o every_o day_n make_v a_o feast_n in_o her_o temple_n 47._o narrat_fw-la 47._o conon_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o phaenician_o have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o rhodes_n be_v drive_v out_o by_o the_o carian_o and_o that_o the_o dorian_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o althaemenes_n dispose_v the_o carian_o and_o build_v three_o city_n in_o the_o island_n lindus_n jalysus_n and_o camirus_n which_o at_o last_o become_v one_o great_a city_n call_v rhodes_n after_o the_o name_n of_o the_o island_n and_o 1._o and_o l._n 2._o c._n 1._o apollodorus_n affirm_v that_o danaus_n have_v by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o daughter_n murder_v the_o son_n of_o his_o brother_n aegyptus_n be_v his_o own_o son_n in_o law_n build_v a_o ship_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o minerva_n in_o which_o himself_o and_o daughter_n flee_v out_o of_o egypt_n to_o rhodes_n where_o he_o dedicate_v the_o image_n of_o minerva_n lindia_n minerva_n say_v 277._o say_v fab._n 277._o hyginus_n build_v the_o ship_n for_o danaus_n the_o first_o of_o the_o kind_n that_o ever_o be_v see_v in_o greece_n say_v 7.46_o say_v 7.46_o pliny_n this_o voyage_n of_o danaus_n commence_v when_o erichthon_n be_v king_n at_o athens_n say_v the_o noble_a collection_n of_o epocha_n in_o the_o 9_o the_o n._n 9_o oxford-marble_n that_o his_o daughter_n amymone_n helice_n and_o archedice_n be_v choose_v by_o lot_n by_o the_o other_o sister_n build_v the_o temple_n upon_o the_o shoar_n in_o the_o maritime_a city_n of_o rhodes_n call_v lindus_n which_o say_v 655._o say_v l._n 14._o p._n 655._o strabo_n be_v situate_a towards_o the_o south_n especial_o towards_o alexandria_n for_o in_o that_o city_n as_o 227._o as_o l._n 5._o p._n 227._o diodorus_n siculus_n affirm_v he_o be_v hospitable_o receive_v and_o therefore_o build_v the_o temple_n and_o consecrate_v the_o statue_n there_o he_o lose_v three_o of_o his_o daughter_n who_o die_v of_o the_o pestilence_n which_o then_o rage_v at_o lindus_n the_o rest_n sail_v with_o their_o father_n to_o argos_n the_o same_o historian_n add_v that_o cadmus_n not_o long_o after_o offer_v several_a gift_n in_o that_o temple_n among_o which_o be_v a_o brass_n vessel_n make_v a_o l'antique_a with_o a_o inscription_n in_o phaenician_a character_n but_o if_o we_o may_v believe_v the_o noble_a marble_n cadmus_n sail_v to_o thebes_n eight_o year_n before_o danaus_n leave_v egypt_n so_o that_o that_o part_n of_o the_o story_n be_v a_o parachronism_n in_o diodorus_n a_o long_a time_n after_o danaus_n death_n amasis_n the_o king_n of_o egypt_n present_v the_o same_o minerva_n of_o lindus_n with_o two_o statue_n of_o stone_n 102._o herod_n l._n 2._o c._n 102._o and_o with_o a_o linen_n breastplate_n of_o admirable_a work_n thoraces_fw-la linei_fw-la be_v very_o usual_a among_o the_o ancient_a captain_n as_o 11._o as_o part._n 2._o l._n 4._o c._n 11._o ferrarius_fw-la unquestionable_o prove_v and_o minerva_n be_v a_o warlike_a goddess_n it_o be_v somewhat_o like_o our_o silkarmor_n because_o his_o country-woman_n build_v that_o temple_n which_o strabo_n say_v be_v in_o his_o time_n very_o illustrious_a and_o much_o frequent_v nor_o be_v she_o honour_v only_o in_o that_o country_n but_o in_o syria_n if_o we_o may_v credit_v the_o inscription_n in_o which_o i_o have_v put_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d though_o perhaps_o it_o shall_v be_v malchus_n hesyc_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 98.7_o 98.7_o in_o gruter_n 21._o at_o andreen_n which_o lie_v between_o briadeen_n and_o aleppo_n among_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o ancient_a church_n be_v find_v some_o break_a inscription_n the_o remain_v of_o the_o devotion_n of_o the_o christian_n of_o former_a age_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ...._o ego_fw-la johannes_n precatus_fw-la deum_fw-la assecutus_fw-la sum_fw-la quod_fw-la petii_fw-la &_o gratias_fw-la agens_fw-la deo_fw-la votum_fw-la solvi_fw-la ut_fw-la peccatis_fw-la meis_fw-la sit_fw-la propitius_fw-la over_o the_o southern_a door_n be_v write_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d porta_n haec_fw-la domini_fw-la justificat_fw-la intrantes_fw-la per_fw-la illam_fw-la over_o the_o western_a door_n which_o i_o will_v read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d christo_fw-la deo_fw-la optimo_fw-la maximo_fw-la these_o inscription_n do_v not_o need_v a_o commentary_n since_o nothing_o difficult_a occur_v in_o they_o but_o they_o can_v but_o raise_v a_o deep_a commiseration_n in_o all_o christian_n to_o see_v so_o many_o venerable_a remain_n of_o the_o ancient_a piety_n either_o convert_v into_o mosque_n or_o bury_v in_o their_o own_o ruin_n no_o church_n have_v in_o past_a time_n be_v more_o illustrious_a for_o religion_n and_o good_a letter_n than_o the_o oriental_a in_o which_o at_o this_o time_n there_o be_v but_o some_o few_o footstep_n of_o either_o the_o rest_n be_v overrun_v with_o barbarism_n and_o infidelity_n the_o next_o break_a inscription_n be_v also_o undoubted_o christian_n as_o those_o wherein_n θ_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d appear_v and_o i_o suppose_v contain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o eminent_a angel_n vriel_n raphael_n gabriel_n michael_n and_o perhaps_o the_o former_a inscription_n may_v be_v thus_o render_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o a_o similar_v epigraphe_n in_o gruter_n 1048.2_o 1048.2_o for_o it_o be_v not_o unusual_a to_o affix_v the_o name_n of_o those_o holy_a angel_n upon_o the_o christian_a tomb_n out_o of_o opinion_n to_o engage_v they_o to_o be_v guardian_n of_o the_o sepulchre_n as_o the_o modern_a pretender_n to_o converse_v with_o spirit_n inscribe_v their_o name_n usual_o on_o their_o utensil_n so_o in_o the_o tomb_n of_o mary_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n on_o a_o plate_n be_v write_v these_o name_n michael_n gabriel_n raphael_n vriel_n 287.4_o id._n 287.4_o i_o have_v now_o do_v with_o the_o monument_n of_o this_o once_o famous_a country_n and_o because_o there_o be_v in_o every_o man_n a_o innate_a desire_n of_o live_v after_o he_o have_v leave_v this_o world_n though_o all_o man_n do_v not_o believe_v there_o be_v another_o and_o that_o they_o desire_v when_o they_o be_v dead_a to_o be_v remember_v and_o well_o speak_v of_o that_o their_o action_n may_v not_o be_v confine_v to_o the_o same_o grave_a with_o their_o carcase_n i_o shall_v conclude_v with_o the_o