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city_n great_a mile_n river_n 4,326 4 7.0612 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A57681 The Abyssinian philosophy confuted, or, Tellvris theoria neither sacred not agreeable to reason being for the most part a translation of Petrus Ramazzini, Of the wonderful springs of Modena : illustrated with many curious remarks and experiments by the author and translator : to which is added a new hypothesis deduced from Scripture and the observation of nature : with an addition of some miscellany experiments / by Robert St. Clair ...; Defontium Mutinènsium admiranda scaturgine tractatus physico-hydrostaticis. English Ramazzini, Bernardino, 1633-1714.; St. Clair, Robert N. 1697 (1697) Wing R199; ESTC R3670 79,203 302

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once_o in_o half_a a_o year_n go_v in_o at_o the_o south_n pole_n and_o come_v out_o again_o at_o the_o north._n though_o all_o this_o be_v true_a suppose_v also_o that_o within_o the_o bowel_n of_o this_o earth_n there_o be_v exercise_v something_o like_o a_o animal_n o_o economy_n and_o that_o one_o may_v not_o without_o reason_n imagine_v divers_a ebb_n and_o flow_n of_o water_n see_v as_o seneca_n say_v the_o whole_a earth_n be_v not_o folid_a but_o hollow_a in_o a_o great_a many_o part_n yet_o i_o can_v allow_v as_o some_o do_v that_o this_o be_v a_o great_a broad_a river_n from_o which_o these_o fountain_n break_v forth_o this_o opinion_n of_o a_o great_a river_n have_v so_o firm_o possess_v the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n that_o if_o a_o little_a earth_n quake_v happen_v the_o inhabitant_n be_v in_o great_a foar_n lest_o the_o town_n which_o otherwise_o be_v great_o shake_v with_o earthquake_n shall_v be_v swallow_v in_o a_o moment_n of_o time_n imagine_v it_o to_o be_v place_v 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at_o that_o time_n and_o who_o dispute_v with_o st._n paul_n at_o athens_n act_v 17._o 18._o or_o else_o such_o as_o pretend_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o first_o formation_n of_o all_o thing_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o power_n of_o god_n in_o it_o which_o be_v or_o among_o the_o greek_a philosopher_n in_o those_o time_n now_o this_o be_v the_o fault_n the_o theois_n guilty_a of_o in_o the_o account_n creation_n all_o the_o six_o day_n work_n be_v in_o scripture_n say_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o word_n or_o power_n of_o god_n but_o in_o the_o theory_n all_o be_v say_v to_o be_v carry_v on_o by_o the_o law_n of_o gravitation_n without_o any_o mention_n make_v of_o the_o power_n of_o god_n which_o be_v the_o very_a thing_n that_o be_v ●ere_z condemn_v by_o the_o apostle_n and_o ●herefore_o what_o the_o theory_n think_v ●o_o make_v most_o for_o it_o militate_v most_o against_o it_o this_o charge_n be_v justify_v from_o the_o theory_n own_o word_n tell._n the._n ch_n 6._o i_o have_v follow_v the_o most_o common_a law_n of_o gravitation_n and_o levity_n and_o by_o their_o guidance_n alone_o we_o have_v see_v the_o promogenial_a mass_n after_o one_o or_o two_o alteration_n and_o a_o unconstant_a shape_n to_o have_v come_v into_o that_o stable_a form_n of_o the_o earth_n build_v upon_o the_o water_n that_o be_v to_o continue_v for_o some_o age_n see_v therefore_o the_o theorist_n have_v willing_o leave_v out_o any_o mention_n of_o the_o power_n of_o god_n in_o his_o whole_a theory_n contrary_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o scripture_n which_o ascribe_v all_o the_o work_v both_o of_o creation_n and_o providence_n to_o the_o wisdom_n and_o power_n of_o god_n he_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v willing_o ignorant_a of_o both_o and_o to_o have_v write_v rather_o like_o a_o disciple_n of_o orpheus_n than_o a_o disciple_n of_o moses_n and_o yet_o his_o law_n of_o gravitation_n if_o right_o consider_v will_v not_o answer_v the_o phaenomena_n of_o the_o creation_n for_o the_o world_n be_v then_o but_o a_o make_n and_o may_v be_v then_o compare_v to_o the_o material_n of_o a_o clock_n before_o a_o ingenious_a artisicer_n which_o can_v never_o point_v out_o the_o hour_n and_o strike_v imitate_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n as_o some_o be_v make_v to_o do_v till_o the_o artificer_n have_v first_o make_v the_o several_a wheel_n etc._n etc._n in_o due_a proportion_n and_o fit_v they_o together_o and_o last_o of_o all_o put_v a_o spring_n or_o motion_n to_o they_o which_o i_o judge_v to_o have_v be_v complete_v about_o that_o time_n when_o he_o say_v all_o be_v very_o good_a which_o motion_n have_v be_v continue_v ever_o since_o except_o when_o he_o have_v be_v please_v by_o his_o finger_n to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o some_o of_o the_o wheel_n as_o he_o do_v when_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n stand_v still_o or_o to_o make_v they_o run_v backward_o as_o he_o do_v when_o the_o shadow_n go_v back_o on_o the_o dial_n of_o ahaz_n or_o to_o accelerate_v their_o motion_n more_o than_o ordinary_a among_o which_o may_v be_v reckon_v this_o of_o the_o deluge_n of_o which_o and_o the_o creation_n it_o be_v as_o easy_a for_o the_o theorist_n to_o give_v a_o account_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v one_o god_n almighty_n counsel_n at_o that_o time_n one_o may_v think_v that_o the_o sense_n of_o our_o natural_a blindness_n even_o in_o thing_n that_o most_o concern_v ourselves_o and_o that_o we_o have_v daily_o in_o our_o hand_n may_v give_v a_o check_n to_o this_o presumption_n but_o vain_a man_n will_v be_v wise_a beside_o this_o achillean_a argument_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o theory_n from_o which_o ●he_v author_n hope_v never_o to_o be_v beat_v he_o have_v other_o which_o at_o the_o first_o view_n ●nd_v as_o he_o be_v please_v to_o explain_v they_o ●eem_v to_o favour_v his_o cause_n very_o much_o yet_o after_o examination_n will_v be_v find_v to_o make_v no_o more_o for_o he_o than_o the_o former_a one_o be_v take_v from_o psal._n 24._o 2._o for_o he_o have_v found_v it_o upon_o the_o sea_n and_o establish_v it_o upon_o the_o flood_n or_o upon_o the_o river_n what_o can_v one_o think_v of_o more_o favourable_a for_o the_o theory_n than_o this_o but_o if_o we_o compare_v this_o with_o other_o place_n of_o scripture_n it_o will_v not_o be_v find_v to_o make_v for_o his_o purpose_n for_o example_n psal._n 2._o ver_n 3._o and_o he_o shall_v be_v like_o a_o tree_n plant_v upon_o the_o river_n no_o body_n i_o believe_v will_v make_v a_o philosophical_a argument_n of_o this_o to_o prove_v that_o tree_n in_o david_n time_n be_v plant_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o river_n but_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o psalmist_n which_o be_v to_o hold_v forth_o by_o this_o simile_n the_o flourish_a condition_n of_o the_o righteous_a will_v never_o once_o call_v it_o in_o question_n if_o tree_n do_v grow_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o river_n and_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o by_o upon_o the_o psalmist_n mean_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o river_n in_o which_o sense_n we_o say_v land_n lie_v upon_o such_o sea_n as_o they_o be_v adjacent_a to_o and_o house_n or_o city_n seat_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o river_n to_o stand_v upon_o the_o river_n for_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o original_n import_v this_o and_o in_o this_o sense_n may_v be_v explain_v prov._n 6._o 27._o when_o he_o set_v a_o compass_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o deep_a of_o which_o the_o theorist_n say_v if_o i_o right_o understand_v the_o matter_n this_o be_v the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n firm_o encompass_v the_o abyss_n and_o what_o else_o can_v be_v understand_v by_o this_o girth_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o which_o god_n be_v say_v to_o have_v encompass_v the_o abyss_n what_o be_v there_o in_o the_o present_a form_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o can_v answer_v it_o or_o to_o the_o bound_n or_o globe_n which_o he_o have_v put_v about_o the_o sea_n yes_o the_o theorist_n may_v have_v find_v another_o meaning_n in_o job_n 38._o who_o have_v shut_v up_o the_o sea_n with_o door_n etc._n etc._n ver_fw-la 11._o and_o set_v bar_n and_o door_n and_o say_v hitherto_o shall_v thou_o come_v and_o no_o far_o and_o here_o shall_v the_o pride_n of_o thy_o wave_n be_v stay_v these_o bar_n or_o bound_n be_v by_o all_o judge_v to_o be_v the_o sea_n shore_n by_o which_o god_n have_v limit_v the_o sea_n that_o it_o shall_v no_o more_o return_n to_o overflow_v the_o earth_n as_o it_o do_v before_o as_o in_o psal._n 104_o 9_o thou_o have_v set_v bound_n that_o they_o pass_v not_o over_o that_o they_o turn_v not_o again_o to_o cover_v the_o earth_n and_o in_o the_o common_a way_n of_o speak_v among_o our_o hydrographer_n this_o bound_n be_v call_v a_o girth_n so_o they_o call_v the_o coast_n round_o about_o england_n the_o girth_n of_o england_n since_o the_o theorist_n contrary_a to_o his_o own_o position_n will_v adduce_v scripture_n to_o prove_v his_o philosophical_a paradox_n by_o the_o same_o liberty_n we_o from_o ver_fw-la 5._o of_o this_o psalm_n who_o have_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v remove_v for_o ever_o infer_v that_o the_o theorist_n foundation_n be_v none_o of_o god_n make_v since_o it_o be_v suppose_v by_o he_o to_o have_v be_v remove_v by_o fall_v under_o the_o abyss_n whereas_o before_o it_o be_v above_o it_o and_o may_v not_o we_o infer_v from_o god_n challenge_n to_o job_n ch_n 38._o ver_fw-la 4._o where_o be_v thou_o when_o i_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o earth_n declare_v if_o thou_o have_v understanding_n v_o 6._o whereupon_o be_v the_o foundation_n thereof_o fasten_v the_o very_a thing_n the_o theorist_n pretend_v to_o tell_v and_o to_o which_o job_n who_o without_o disparagement_n to_o the_o theorist_n we_o may_v imagine_v both_o a_o better_a man_n and_o a_o philosopher_n than_o he_o answer_v chap._n 42._o ver_fw-la 3._o therefore_o have_v i_o utter_v that_o i_o understand_v not_o thing_n too_o wonderful_a for_o i_o which_o i_o know_v not_o may_v not_o we_o i_o say_v infer_v that_o the_o theorist_n be_v very_o presumptuous_a in_o thus_o take_v up_o the_o argument_n against_o god_n almighty_a and_o may_v not_o we_o without_o breach_n of_o respect_n say_v theorice_n quid_fw-la animum_fw-la minorem_fw-la aeternis_fw-la consilijs_fw-la fatigas_fw-la this_o be_v the_o philosophy_n the_o apostle_n paul_n bid_v we_o beware_v of_o col._n 2._o 8._o beware_v lest_o any_o man_n spoil_v you_o through_o philosophy_n and_o vain_a deceit_n which_o will_v be_v very_o clear_a if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o hypothetical_n be_v at_o that_o time_n the_o philosophy_n in_o vogue_n among_o the_o grecian_n to_o who_o
the_o most_o curious_a thing_n which_o appear_v in_o the_o digging_z of_o the_o well_n and_o when_o the_o water_n spring_v up_o be_v remark_v but_o that_o i_o may_v not_o keep_v the_o reader_n long_o in_o suspense_n you_o must_v know_v for_o a_o certain_a truth_n which_o many_o thousand_o of_o experiment_n have_v already_o confirm_v that_o in_o any_o place_n within_o or_o without_o the_o city_n for_o some_o mile_n round_o one_o may_v open_v a_o spring_n which_o shall_v constant_o send_v forth_o most_o pure_a water_n and_o see_v every_o citizen_n may_v take_v out_o of_o this_o great_a stock_n as_o much_o water_n for_o his_o private_a uses_n as_o he_o please_v without_o fear_n of_o wrong_v the_o public_a or_o be_v fine_v for_o it_o therefore_o when_o any_o will_v have_v a_o spring_n in_o his_o own_o house_n he_o call_v some_o workman_n and_o have_v agree_v for_o the_o price_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v not_o exceed_v the_o sum_n of_o forty_o crown_n he_o show_v they_o the_o place_n which_o he_o think_v most_o fit_a and_o they_o without_o further_a consideration_n dig_v a_o well_o in_o a_o place_n mark_v out_o for_o they_o and_o when_o they_o have_v come_v to_o the_o depth_n of_o about_o 63_o foot_n they_o pierce_v the_o bottom_n with_o a_o great_a auger_n which_o when_o it_o have_v be_v drive_v down_o 5_o foot_n deep_a immediate_o the_o water_n gush_v out_o with_o so_o great_a force_n throw_v up_o stone_n and_o sand_n that_o almost_o in_o a_o moment_n all_o the_o well_o be_v fill_v to_o the_o top_n and_o the_o water_n flow_v out_o thence_o constant_o moreover_o that_o which_o in_o dig_v these_o well_n give_v the_o great_a trouble_n to_o the_o workman_n be_v the_o great_a abundance_n of_o water_n flow_v from_o the_o side_n by_o which_o they_o be_v sometime_o much_o trouble_v till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o depth_n of_o 28_o foot_n where_o first_o the_o potter_n clay_n begin_v to_o appear_v and_o therefore_o to_o keep_v off_o these_o water_n which_o be_v none_o of_o the_o clean_a when_o they_o first_o break_v earth_n they_o make_v a_o well_o pretty_a large_a drawing_z out_o the_o water_n that_o flow_v together_o on_o every_o side_n till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o bed_n of_o clay_n then_o they_o build_v upon_o it_o as_o on_o a_o solid_a foudation_n a_o wall_n round_o about_o of_o lime_n and_o well-burnt_a brick_n make_v for_o the_o purpose_n that_o so_o the_o well_o may_v be_v narrow_a and_o they_o careful_o plaster_v the_o outer_a surface_n of_o it_o with_o clay_n well_o wrought_v press_v it_o with_o their_o foot_n and_o thus_o they_o continue_v to_o do_v till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o hinder_v the_o influx_n of_o water_n from_o the_o side_n which_o be_v do_v as_o if_o all_o be_v safe_a and_o there_o be_v no_o more_o fear_n of_o the_o water_n come_v from_o the_o side_n they_o carry_v on_o their_o dig_v to_o the_o lowermost_a place_n so_o successful_o that_o from_o the_o appear_v of_o the_o clay_n they_o observe_v no_o more_o water_n to_o drop_v yea_o which_o be_v wonderful_a they_o be_v force_v sometime_o to_o moisten_v the_o earth_n with_o water_n that_o it_o may_v be_v more_o easy_o dig_v it_o be_v also_o no_o small_a disadvantage_n to_o the_o digger_n before_o they_o come_v to_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o chalky_a or_o clayie_a ground_n that_o the_o soft_a earth_n fall_v in_o upon_o they_o by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o side-water_n which_o impediment_n be_v not_o overcome_v but_o with_o great_a labour_n but_o when_o at_o length_n they_o come_v to_o the_o bed_n of_o clay_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o great_a depth_n there_o be_v nothing_o to_o hinder_v they_o form_n get_v by_o the_o usual_a bore_v the_o usual_a eruption_n of_o water_n for_o no_o case_n be_v remember_v in_o any_o place_n whatsoever_o within_o the_o city_n or_o without_o the_o city_n for_o some_o mile_n in_o which_o upon_o open_v a_o hole_n and_o give_v vent_n to_o the_o enclose_a water_n they_o do_v not_o immediate_o spring_v up_o on_o high_a for_o the_o digger_n do_v with_o as_o great_a assurance_n and_o confidence_n fasten_v down_o their_o auger_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o well_n as_o one_o be_v to_o draw_v wine_n will_v pierce_v a_o hogshead_n when_o it_o be_v full_a i_o be_v often_o present_a when_o this_o phlebotomy_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o be_v practise_v and_o i_o always_o observe_v the_o water_n to_o break_v out_o almost_o with_o the_o same_o force_n which_o at_o the_o first_o be_v muddy_a and_o full_a of_o sand_n but_o the_o next_o day_n it_o appear_v clear_a enough_o but_o when_o the_o water_n have_v break_v out_o and_o the_o borer_n be_v pull_v out_o sit_v on_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o auger_n immediate_o two_o or_o three_o workman_n that_o be_v about_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o well_o draw_v out_o the_o water_n with_o all_o possible_a diligence_n for_o see_v at_o that_o time_n the_o force_n of_o the_o water_n drive_v out_o much_o sand_n and_o gravel_n they_o say_v that_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o course_n of_o the_o water_n be_v promote_v and_o the_o well_n be_v make_v to_o send_v forth_o water_n more_o plentiful_o neither_o can_v the_o stuff_n settle_v to_o the_o bottom_n stop_v the_o hole_n the_o digger_n of_o the_o well_n say_v that_o some_o new-made_a fountain_n have_v throw_v up_o sometime_o so_o much_o water_n with_o the_o gravel_n and_o sand_n that_o the_o ground_n give_v way_n on_o every_o side_n and_o threaten_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o adjacent_a building_n they_o have_v be_v force_v to_o fill_v up_o the_o fountain_n again_o with_o earth_n and_o hew_a stone_n but_o the_o pibble_n stone_n which_o be_v throw_v up_o by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o water_n differ_v not_o much_o from_o those_o which_o be_v see_v in_o the_o adjacent_a river_n neither_o be_v they_o small_a but_o some_o of_o they_o weigh_v 3_o or_o 4_o ounce_n some_o of_o these_o be_v adorn_v with_o vein_n of_o gold_n and_o pretty_a hard_a other_o be_v hard_a and_o like_o the_o rudiment_n of_o pibble_n stone_n in_o some_o place_n where_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o city_n be_v low_a the_o water_n arise_v above_o the_o plain_a from_o whence_o it_o run_v easy_o down_o but_o in_o high_a place_n it_o stop_v below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o plain_a so_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o make_v conduit_n under_o ground_n through_o which_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o public_a canal_n which_o afterward_o meet_v into_o one_o canal_n that_o be_v navigable_a and_o by_o which_o they_o sail_v convenient_o enough_o even_o to_o venice_n for_o this_o canal_n fall_v into_o the_o scultenna_n and_o the_o scultenna_n into_o the_o po_n the_o number_n of_o these_o fountain_n be_v very_o great_a so_o that_o now_o almost_o every_o house_n have_v one_o and_o their_o number_n be_v increase_v the_o old_a fountain_n become_v few_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o most_o illustrious_a family_n of_o the_o sadalet_n now_o belong_v to_o the_o castelvitry_n where_o the_o pipe_n that_o now_o send_v forth_o no_o more_o water_n be_v high_o than_o those_o that_o at_o present_a do_v these_o fountain_n also_o be_v in_o the_o garden_n about_o the_o town_n and_o in_o the_o adjacent_a village_n some_o of_o which_o rise_v above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n moreover_o the_o digger_n of_o the_o well_n say_v that_o they_o have_v on_o trial_n find_v they_o seven_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n beyond_o scultenna_n for_o have_v make_v a_o hole_n with_o a_o auger_n they_o say_v the_o water_n do_v boil_v up_o free_o enough_o throw_v up_o sand_n and_o gravel_n wherefore_o the_o limit_n of_o this_o hide_a spring_n be_v not_o know_v enough_o yet_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o think_v that_o it_o be_v extend_v far_o from_o east_n to_o west_n than_o from_o north_n to_o south_n see_v in_o this_o tract_n they_o be_v not_o find_v extend_v above_o four_o mile_n this_o be_v remarkable_a that_o when_o the_o hole_n be_v bore_v and_o the_o water_n begin_v to_o break_v out_o the_o next_o fountain_n cease_v from_o run_v for_o some_o time_n yet_o after_o a_o little_a time_n they_o run_v again_o i_o have_v be_v tell_v by_o a_o person_n of_o credit_n that_o when_o a_o well_o be_v bore_v in_o the_o cloister_n of_o the_o nun_n of_o st._n francis_n des_fw-fr sales_n he_o see_v in_o another_o well_o near_o it_o the_o water_n sink_v in_o a_o moment_n which_o afterward_o ascend_v till_o both_o the_o well_n be_v in_o a_o equilibrium_n the_o water_n settle_v in_o the_o same_o horizontal_n surface_n i_o have_v often_o observe_v this_o decrease_v but_o not_o with_o so_o great_a swiftness_n in_o which_o the_o water_n do_v not_o sink_v so_o deep_a on_o a_o sudden_a but_o rather_o