raged against the bones of the dead and the graves of them common and allowed to all men insomuch that what the Turks had spared was not spared by them To these outrages the Protestants opposed the Treaty at Passaw and challenged the assurance and faith plighted by the Arch-Duke himself by which in 1581. he confirmed his Fathers Agreement with the States during which space of eighteen years and upwards he had received the sum of Nine hundred thousand Florens of the Rhine the price of their Liberty of Conscience but notwithstanding this manifesto they were commanded to depart and those that stayed spoyled and undone No hopes of redresse appearing and the rumour of Bozckay's proceeding in Hungary in favour of the Religion inviting them thither they forsook their Countrey and prosperously Seated themselves there To omit the barbarity practised on the inhumed Corps as the demolishing of their Churches at Gratz of William Zimmerman the Protestant and an eminent Minister of the place which they threw into the River Mur. But Ferdinand's successe was answerable to this injustice he was engaged in the siege of Canysa assisted therein by Aldobrand the Popes Legate with his Italian Forces wherein none but Roman Catholicks by the advice of Sigismund Count of Thurn afterwards drowned were suffered to be listed lest the impiety of the Protestants might cause the Enterprise to miscarry The Governour of the Town was Hasanes who with 800 men and as many more received from Zigeth and Buda by the negligence of Orphus Gallonius the General of the Ordinance resolutely maintained it this Orphus in filling the ditches with Wood from the adjoyning Forrest which work went slowly forward was shot with a Culverin bullet and killed Nor did Caesar Porta his Successour make much more haste or speed being tired out with the Enemies salleys no more then the relief from Matthias to animate his cousin which consisted of 6000 men led by Christoph. Roseworm and the Duke of Mercoeurs Leiutenant General for by the unexperience of the General and Officers who failing of their reinforced attempts had no mind to venture again they protracted so long till cold Winter with storms and frosts made them desert their stations a thousand Horsemen being frozen stiff in one nights time being also surcharged with snow hunger wearinesse and which is worst of all over-watching in atâ—â—nding the industrious Enemy who now by their departure gained their Ordinance and satisfied their Cruelty upon the sick and wounded persons left behind Thus the Protestants who were scandalized from being present were saved from the ruine that involved the Papists Far more renownedly did the Duke of Mercoeur deport himself at Alba which he besieged with twenty thousand Men Christopher Roseworm with great labour and diligence passing a thousand men over the Bog to the Subburbs two whereof the Insulary and the Destiacan were easily gained others being encouraged by the adventure to follow them The Enemy having nothing but the City to defend made a resolute resistance but was in fine beaten off the Walls and the Town regained in the 58 year after it had been taken by Solyman This Victory the licentiousnesse of the Souldiers greatly blemished the City being ransacked by them where they spared not the bones of the Kings from which the Turks had Religiously abstained The new Garrison consisting of a thousand German Foot and six hundred Hungarians was committed to the Government of Marcus Insulanus famous for his Defence of Varadin and Michael Vatai The report of this losse being brought to Hasanes he joyned with the Vizier Bassa resolving to attempt Mercoeurs Camp to whose rescue very opportunely came Matthias the fight was managed with equal spirit and strength till the Hungarians began to flinch at which time Amurath Bassa of Buda with Mahomet Beg were slain with a Bullet which changed the fortune of the day and put the Turks to flight There were slain 5000. of them but yet they gave not over their design for the next year the noble Duke of Mercoeur being dead at Norimberg Hasanes returned to Alba and before the Governors had repaired the ruins of the Fortifications was close at the Walls whereupon the Germans basely betrayed the Town The Garrison was dismissed but Insulanus and Vatai being interrogated if the Delivery was made with their Consent to which they answered peremptorily in the Negative were both of them laid hold on and made Captives the Turks saying That their promise was made to the willing nor were they obliged to them with whom they had made no Contract To maintain this violent Turkish War the Estates of Germany proffered 80 months pay to the Emperour whose General Roseworm to recompence the losse of Alba besieged Buda while Althamius who succeeded Palfi in the Government of Strigonium valiantly gained Pesth Buda being hereby hard put to it Hasan with 30 thousand men came to besiege it and had beaten Roseworm who passed the Danow to encounter him to the very walls of Pesth when Matthias came in and rescued him but they parted so equally that both Sieges were carried on at the same time in which nothing was memorable but an Engagement of Craczius the General of the Horse with the Turks in which he was worsted until Hasan for want of Provision departed for Belgrade and left Roseworm in his old leagure The Christians were much animated at the sight of it taking in after him Colocza Paxus and other places 60. miles below Buda by the Heyducks and the Budenses the more spirited and quickned to a resistance as they made appear in their Salleys and resolute Eruptions seizing their very Cannons and nailing up their touch holes which was acted while Roseworm was playing at Cards and carelesse of the matter This dishonour was seconded with a greater danger Oner and Ibrahim Beg having drained the Garrisons of Alba Sygeth and Canysa came afresh to their relief but after a sharp Conflict they were overthrown by Nadasdi c. While Collonicz sustained and repelled the besieged Notwithstanding such was the unclemency of the weather by showers frost and snow that Matthias cursing the place where he had been so often unfortunate was forced to draw off to Winter quarters leaving Albert Princestayn to the defence of Pesth The Plague and Earthquakes in Hâ—ngary and Austria this year denoted the ensuing mutations in the Kingdome for the Tartars and Turks by a most sudden irruption laid wast all the Country extending Westward to Papa the Mountain of Camenesum and what ground lyes between the rivers Dravus and the Mur to Perlatum not without the indignation of Count George Serini then lying on his death bed Transylvania was in the usual variable condition there was a general famine with a scarcity of money and all other mischiefs arising thence the Soldier demanded his pay and provision which being not to be had a defection followed and the Army marched to Zacmar Upon their departure Moses
pompous Train several Theatres and other august Temporary Edifices being Erected for the Solemnity where they treated one another most Magnificently and gave great Largesses to the People Matthias not willing to be behind hand in State and Grandeur upon such an Illustrious occasion But whilest he diverted himself here Solyman the Beglerbeg of Greece being advantaged by a dry Summer passed his Army over the Fords of the Rivers Savus and Dravus and coming as far as Castle-Iron laid wast the whole Countrey The news of this made Matthias quit his Court-ship and with all Expedition to follow the Enemy who making hast away he gave order to 16000. of his readiest Troops to pursue him the which Forces over-took him laden with Thirty thousand Captives at Verbos in Illyria and so routed him that the remains of his flying Army durst not face about to Three hundred Croats who alone pursued them by which Victory Illyria was in a fair way to have been wholly assigned to this Triumph had not the Emperour by an Inroad towards Raab recall'd him which Injury so incensed Matthias that he presently laid Seige to Mariaburg and would hardly desist from the Enterprize at the earnest entreaties of the Pope and Frederick's Ambassadors Mahomet the Great having taken Scodra as aforesaid was now returned to Constantinople and vext with the disgrace of Solyman's Defeat had Commissioned Ali Beg Isa Beg and Balam Beg with Sixty thousand Men for Transylvania who proceeded with Fire and Sword as far as Alba Iulia within five miles whereof Stephen Bathori the Vayvod of Transylvania and Paul Kinisi Count of Temeswar wtth a new levyed Army of Hungarians Valachians c. encountered them and after a long dispute in which the River Marusus was filled with Blood of both parties by the Valour and encouragement of Kinisi totally overthrew them Thirty thousand Turks being slain upon the place The fame of this Atchievement made the Pope Apulia in Italy being sorely infested by the Turks to intreat Matthias as the onely competent Help against those Infidels to undertake the Defence of those parts when at the same time he ungratefully inter-medled beyond his Authority in the placing and preferring Bishops in Hungaria Matthias having substituted Iohn the Cardinal of Arragon to be Arch-Bishop of Strigonium in place of Iohn of Alemannia his Enemy and Rebel About this time Died Mahomet leaving his two Sons Bajazet and Zemes to strive for the Empire the latter being discomfited in two Battels wherein he was assisted by the Sultan of Aegypt fled to the Grand Master of the Rhodes who sent him to Rome where at the instance and great Bribes of Bajazet he was most unworthily poysoned by Pope Alexander the sixt Matthias purposing to make good use of this occasion had solicited Caesar for a Confirmation and security of the late Peace which being delayed till the opportunity was lost and the Turks in motion this way he Invaded Austria and possessed himself of many Towns again while Bajazet had terribly ruined and wasted Moldavia and in requital thereof was Defeated by Lupus the Noble and valiant Despot of what remained in those parts in two Battels and after a six months regular Seige took in Vienna the Capital City thereof as Iohn Scepuusis his Leiutenant mastered Neustria and other Fortresses The five years that Matthias lived afterwards he wholly employed in Reforming the manners of his Subjects now addicted to Luxury and prone to all other Vices and in providing for the future Glory and Magnificence of the Succeeding Kings converting his Iron into a Golden Palace and Designing to Build the City of Buda after the Italian way He also highly faâ—oured Learned Men and resolved upon the settlement of Austria by a lasting Peace to employ all his power against the Turks whereto he was encouraged by many Princes more especially by the Snltan's of Aegypt who had lately Vanquished Ferhates Bassa the Beglerbeg of Caramania afterwards Cheser Beg and Achmet the Mahumetanized Son of Stephen of Bosnia aforesaid with such a slaughter that it was credited to have exceeded that of Tamerlane But while he prepared for those things Death prevented him by the increasing pains of the Gout A person of great Authority with all Princes and worthy to be extolled for his Military Experience and his Acts of Peace and so much the more Famed and desired by Posterity by how much his Successors were inferiour to him in point of Courage and vigilant Prudence Upon the Death of the King Corvinus the Bastard Son of Matthias having been fed with hopes of his Succession to the Crown endevoured to effect it while 3 great Competitors were transacting their interest with the States of Hungary viz. Ladislaus King of Bohemia Albert Prince of Poland both Brothers and Sons of Cassimir and and Maximilian King of the Romans but in conclusion Ladislaus carried it by the major voyces and by the instance and interest of Beatrice the Dowager Queen who had loved him in her Husbands Life time and hoped now to be Married to him although she was by the Judgement of God disapointed of her Expectation Corvinus not brooking this although he had articled upon the Cession of his claim and delivery of the Crown which he had got into his custody for an investiture as Lord of Bosnia Chroatia and Sclavonia raised an Army by the help of the Governours of those Provinces but opposed at Sarviza by Stephen Bathori and Kinisi commissioned by the States then assembled in great fear at Pesth he was worsted after a dismall encounter wherein brother engaged against brother and fled to Quinque Ecclesiae where his Souldiers broke open his Treasure and carried it away By this means the Kingdome was setled in those parts and Corvinus submitting upon indempnity to his partakers and the restoring of what had been taken from him Uladislaus was Crowned at Alba Regalis but presently engaged in a War against his Competitor and brother Albert who had seized Cassovia Cibinium and other places and in fine joyned battel wherein by the prowesse of Vladislaus and the defection of the Cassovians he was overcome and striving to renew the War was thrice afterwards beaten out of the field Maximilian's Enterprize was more powerfull and fortunate auspicated also by the Viennians who weary of a Forraigners Yoak admitted his forces into the City which Scepusius the Governour perceiving he thought it most advisable to depart secretly out of the Castle and thereupon the other places of Austria returned to their former Lord who proceeded and reduced Vesprinium and Alba Regalis in Hungary and had finished the conquest but that his Germans not enduring the Climate and other discommodities of the Country mutined for their pay in the interim Uladislaus had collected his Army and was upon his march after Maximilian recovering the Towns he had lost and being bent upon a further revenge was diverted by a horrid Invasion of the
without pay they fell into a Mutiny and assaulted him in his Quarters the Convoy of twenty nine Waggons laden with money and Cloth for the Souldiery themselves having stollen and carried them away part into Poland and part to Bocskay neverthelesse having something pacified the Souldiers he attempted Cassovia but in vain thence retreated to Leuchovia his Army deserting him in the way insomuch that Francis Redei with a small party of 2000 Heyduhks and the bent of the People took in twenty Towns besides many Castles betwixt the Rivers Sayon Ippolus and Waegh revolted to him These Successes caused the Emperour to send away the Bishop of Vesprinium and Sigismund Forgacz his Ambassadors to Bocskay to whom the Turk being very observant and intent upon his actions he at the first audience publickly profest that if they were sent from the Hungarian Nobility their Embassy was welcome and acceptable to him but otherwise if they came from the Emperour it was to no purpose for that he had engaged so far that he could not possibly recede At a Diet held at Szerencsium soon after he laid down the Causes of his present undertaking namely the Defence of Religion the Liberty and safety of the People At the end of which Oration he was confirmed by the Estates in the Principality and the Roman Lutheran and Calvinian Doctrines received promiseuously The Cheif Praefecture of Transylvania and the Supreme Command of the Army was conferred the first on Sigismund Rakoczi the latter on Valentine Homonnâ—â— From this Diet in 〈◊〉 he returned into Transylvania where he was met with a Turkish Chiaux who presented him with the usual Ensigns of the Investiture from the grand Seigniour to whom he dispatched â—way Stephes Corlatus and George Kikedi his Ambassadors with the Homage and Presents the more envious for that some German Youths were added thereunto From Cassovia Rocskay invited Stephen Illyeshazi fled for his Treason out of Poland and by the valour of the Heyduckes took Trincinum Fâ—eleck Zackmar as Nitria by the inconstancy of the Garrison was delvered to Francis Redei by Sigismund Forgacz the Bishop of the place Which losses with want of money so disabled Basta besides that he was in great danger of his life that he fled to Presburgh where Collonitz endevoured to relieve him but his Souldiers turned sides Tyrnaw hereupon yeilded and Stanislaus and Christopher Thurzo submitted to Redejus Hence the War was carried into Moravia by Eight thousand Heyducks and a thousand Turks Commanded by Dengelegius who brought away 4000 Captives thence and Tockay was at the last extremity delivered by Reuberus whose Fidelity and Valour Bocskay himselfe commended The Revolt of the Isle of Csallockoes followed this rendition and gave advantage to 6000 of the Confaederates so were Bocskay's party called to make an attempt upon Presburgh burning in their way thither St. George and other Towns whence being rejected by Basta they turned their Invasion upon Austria which they destroyed as far as Prinquelia At the same time Nemethus to enlarge this Devastation passed the Daâ—â—bius at Sabaria to whom Nadasdi and other Noblemen for fear of their own Territories joyned themselves and even to the wonder of the Barbarians sacked all that Tract of ground lying betwixt Layla and Arrhabon pretending Religion as the incentive to this imâ—ane Cruelty although they unmercifully tortured the reformed Ministers and sold very Infants for Slaves to the Turks to such a detestation that God caused Blood to drop out of Gold paid by a Turk to a Christian for one of those Captives This Countrey Desolated he fell next into Styria and barbarously used the Town situated betwixt Arrhabon Pingua and Lappinicia and had almost shook the Allegiance of Drascovitius the Governor of Illyria but he recovering himself and assisted by Trautsmandorf raised an Army of ten thousand men and drove Nemethus out of Sclavonia together with his Partakers among whom were some Tartars to Zigeth Coppan and other their respective Holds and Garrisons by which meanâ— Drascovitius gained to himself great Authority and Renown But these most horrid Divisions hastned the Common Ruin for Mahomet the now prime Vizier who had delivered Strigonium himself to the Christians besieged it in person which Bocskay quarrelled alleadging that by his League with them no City in Hungary ought to be taken by the Turks but being not Master of himself he sent Homonnai either at the request or Command of Mahomet with 6000 men and not long after the Town within ten years of its reduction was delivered by William Oetingensis and his Germans who diffiding in the Hungarians dismist them out of the Town not to this onely disadvantage for they presently thereupon joyned with Redejus against the Emperour to whom Ersekâ—yvarum was yeilded by the consent of Matthias upon the promise of Rodejus that it should not come into the Tarkâ— â—â—ands but be restored when ever the Waâ— should be composed Mahomet the Vizier now summoned Boczkay to Buda to the Solemnization of the Marriage of the Bassa of that City who met him on his way as far as Rakos and introducted him in State where Boczkay did Homage for Transylvania and submitted it under the protection of the Turks whereupon he was presented with a Crown as King also of Hungary supposed to have been the Constantinopolitan Emperours or the Despots of Thrace and a Sword embellished with Gold Jewels and other Ornaments all which except the Crown Boczkay accepted but that he refused acknowledging Caesar to have been duly crowned for which his modesty was worthily praised however he may be justly taxed of Sedition and Rebellion By reason of this fealty the Vizier made him Tribute free for ten years those expired the yearly Tribute of ten thousand Guilders to be paid at the Port for the Upper Transylvania at which agreement the Janizaâ—â—es made great acclamations of Felicity as expecting a Donative and Gratuity A Diet was soon after held by Boczkay at Corpona whither came Sigismund Forgacz from Caesar with Conditions of Peace to which the Turk engaged by the Rebel Bassa's of Aleppo and Caramania was inclinable also in his own behalf having first seen Boczkays Propositions This Overture came to a Conclusion at Vienna managed by Illyeshazi and Mlasodoâ—itius on the part of the Transylvanian Caesar consenting to whatsoever Propositions as knowing Boczkay must ere long dye without Issue The Terms were a general and mutual Amnesty and Oblivion a Toleration of the Roman Lutheran and Calvinian Professions a Palatine to be elected by the Votes of the Hungarians the Chambers and new Courts to be abolished The Treasury to be regulated by new Commissioners the Hungarians to redeem the Castles pawned to the Germans The Government to be administred by Hungarians but Raab and Comorra may be governed by deserving Germans All Transylvania with that part of Hungary which Sigismund Bathori enjoyed to belong to Boczkay together with the Lordships of Tockay
him but in this he onely trifled away time while Rakoczi most of the strong places being possessed by the Catholick party besieged Tyrnaw which at last opened its Gates to General Douglasse and his Son Sigismund where the Bishops and Noblemen now Crest-fallen humbly intreated Canysius the Protestant Preacher of the place to mediate with the Victor that he would take them into his Clemency which was granted at his intercession And now Rakoczi distrusting this eager favour of Fortune inclined to a Composure which Caesar more desirous of both for that the Climate agreed not with his forrain Souldiery and the huge price of grain the unsuccessful siege of Cassovia with the forced retreat of Bouchain to Presburgh readily consented to and hastily concluded to the great vexation and anger of the Swede This Peace was Proclaimed on St. Bartholomew's Day by which seven Lordships in Hungary were confirmed to the Transylvanian 90 Churches restored to the Protestants and the rest of their Priviledges confirmed to them Torstenson thus forsaken of his Confederate was abandoned by his Fortune and forced to rise from the siege of Prunna In the mean while died the Palatine to whom Drascovitius was substituted and the Instrument of the Transylvanian Pacification was made publick notwithstanding both parties in Hungary were as imbittered as ever about the Extermination of the Jesuits and ready to draw one upon another The next year Ferdinand the fourth was Crowned King of Hungary the Peace continuing with the Turks but so fallaciously that three hundred of them were got privily into Raab where being discovered by a Woman they were all of them slain and the City preserved by the Divine favour and protection In the Year 1648 died Prince Rakoczi to whom Succeeded his Son George as Ferdinand the fourth Crowned King of the Romans a Prince of more Hopes then Glory after he had lived to the age of 22 years Deceased in the Year 1653. and Leopold Ignatius his Brother succeeded him in all his Dignities Kingdomes and Dominions In the Year 1656 the Swede having Invaded Poland and almost Conquered the hither part so that the many Garrisons he was forced to Man had almost drayned his Army by his Ambassadors invited Prince Rakoczi to the Spoyl and his Assistance and such was the evil Fate of Transylvania and Rakoczi in particular that allured by the great advantages the Ruin of that Kingdom promised him he Confederated himself with the Swede maintaining Correspondencies and intrigues with all his Allyes particularly with the pretended Protector of England to whom he sent an Envoy to transact his Concerns of Money to the payment whereof the King of Sweden had by pact obliged the said Usurper the consideration and satisfaction whereof are of no great moment to this discourse The Transylvanians betaking themselves to their Arms from which they had been longer disused than throughout the whole series of their History the Turks having been sometime before engaged against the Persians and lately against the Venetians and labouring with their own mis-carriages and errours of Government little imagined they should wear them so long if ever it be their hap to put them off without parting with their Liberty and Religion and to such a Calamitous Defence of their own Countrey In fine an Army of 16000 men was presently raised and put under the Command of Backos Gabor which were the Van of those Forces that Rakoczi intended for this Expedition himself following in person with another Army who as soon as they were entered Poland in most horrible manner fell a ravaging and Sacking the Towns and pillaging the Churches and defacing the beauties thereof in hatred of the Roman Catholick Religion so that a fearful Desolation was made as they passed To passe by other occurrents of his proceedings in this Kingdome after he had joyned with the Swedes the Enterprize of Cracovia may suffice for instance of his Hostility in this Kingdome which he besieged and after a short Defence had it surrendred to him the Swedes and he demolishing almost the City of Casimir built on the other side the Weysel it being one of those places which was to be assigned him with the Palatinate thereof for his share in recompense of his Service This place in the ballance of the Swedish Fortune being besieged by Feild Marshal Lubomirsky Rakoczi came to its relief and gave a notable Defeat to the Pole who raised his siege and fled before him The said Prince afterwards embodying with the Swedes in Lithuania took in the strong City of Biscia Litinsky being there personally present with the King of Sweden and where he took his last leave of him returning to Samoysch to secure his footing and maintain what he had gotten but the Danish War interveening and calling the King of Sweden away to the Defence of his own Kingdome and the Duke of Brandenburgh falling off likewise and renouncing that Kings Interest besides that the Pole had newly made a League with the House of Austria who upon Caution and Articles were to supply him with an Army of 16000 men then upon their March out of Silesia Rakoczi perceived that the whole brunt of the War was like to fall upon him now deserted and abandoned by all his Partakers And therefore he thought it high time to apply himself to the wayes of Peace the Turk having also countermanded him sometime before at the instance of the Polish Ambassador at Constantinople who it was thought had bribed Rakoczi into that disfavour and hatred with the Grand Seignior who now peremptorily Commanded him he having delayed to comply with his first Orders of return so surrender his Principality to his Cousin Reada or Radus and in tendency thereunto made offer of a surrender of all those places he had taken during this War thinking thereby also to have satisfied the Tukish Emperour provided he might have safe egresse out of that Kingdome which was now very hazzardous for that the Poles and Austrians had way-laid him in the mountainous passages by which he must needs return But the Poles so stomached the loss prejudice they received from him causelesly especially his Church-robberies that they delayed him with an answer to this effect That being tied to such Articles with the House of Austria and the King of Hungary they could make no Agreement without them which artifice being understood by Rakoczi more Forces drawing likewise against him besides that another party of 12000. of them had Invaded his Dominions in Hungary and in Revenge burnt down thirty six Villages he resolved to make his way with his Sword while there was a possibility of effecting it which with much difficulty and hazard being several times set upon and forced to fight his way by good Guides and happy Conduct he atchieved but brought a sorry Army home in Comparison of what he marched out with This same year Died the Emperour Ferdinand
Conquest Attila his Son succeeds him * not Chaalans in Burgundy as is mistaken by a place called Maurice neer the River Matrona or Marn in France The Original of the Venetians Attila's Death His Title His two Sons succeed The intestine feuds of the Huns Their Destruction * Now called Siculi The Lombards possesse Hungâ—â—y * The Oâ—â—ginal of the firrt Huns. The AVARES possâ—sse themselves of Hungary Afflict the Roman Dominions The Avares extinguished The remains of the old Huns repossesse themselvâ—s Their Successes The Huns defeated by Luithpoldus * Auspurg seated neer the River Rhodanum on whose Banks this Feild was â—ought Lewis the Emperour defeated the second time by the Hunâ— Their ravage and Devastations They invade Grecia The Description of Hungaria as then possessed by that Nation * not that in Lower Hungary The Germans arm against them Their second Expedition into Italy The Italians under Berengrius Vanquished They Master all places The Divisions in Italy and Rome The Huns third and fourth Expedition into Italy The Germans under Henry the Emperour refuse the Tribute Defeat the Huns at Meersburgh The Hungarians stunned stupified withthe losse Their Fortune changeth Huns Invade Italy again As Germany also The Huns totally and finally overcome by Otho the Greatâ—â— Sense of misery the way to Christianity Geysa the first King of Hungary His zeal to Christianity His Actions Stephen the second King His Atchievments Peter the 3d. King Peter deposed Abas the 4th King Abas slain at Shâ—ba Peter restored Deposed by Andreâ— his eyes put out c. Andrew the 5th K. His War with Germany Bela the 6th King His virtues Solomon the 7th K. Bela's sons pacified Geysa the 8th King The Emperors of Germany no right in Hungary Geysa dieth Ladislaus 9th King his brother succeeds * The reason why the Hungarians have such a veneration for that sacred Symbol of Majesty The strange forlorn condition of Solomon Ladislaus his valour Russes His Successes Ladislaus invited to the Holy Land war Coloman the tenth King The Crusado brought into Hungary Peter the Hermit's â—verthrow Godscalkâ— like Fortune by Coloman Godfrey of Bollign his safe passage through Hungary Feud betwixt the royal Brethren Stephen the 10th King Calo Johannes defeated Stephen puts himself into a Monastery and resigns Bela the 11th King Borichus the Bastard Son of Coloman solicited to invade the Government Geysa the 12. King Manuel the Greek Emperors Exploits The Holy War resumed Stephen the 13th King Bela the 14 King Emerick the 15. K. Andrew the 16 K. His Expedition into the Holy Land Bela the 17. King The Tartars Invade Hungary The Tartar râ—vage the Country Stephen the 18 K. Ladislaus the 19th King The Original of the House of Austria Rudolphus Emperour The Tartars reinvade Hungary Andrew the 20 K. Andrew established in the Government Wencessâ—us chosen King by the Nobility Charles named for King and imposed upon the Hungarians by the Pope Otho Duke of Bavaria chosen K. by the Nobility Charles the 21 K. of Hungary The Virtues of Charles Lewis the 22. King The Tartâ—rs beaten and expelled out of Hungary The Historâ— of Jâ—an the vâ—ulterâ—us Qu of Naples Lewis success against her Avignion how invested in the Pope Lewis's successe against the Venetians The Genoese and Venetian Quarrel Invention of Guns Joane taken in Castel Novo â—n Naples Lewis of Anjou invested in Naples Lewis chosen King of Poland His Exploits aainst his Rebels His Death Mary notwithstand-ing her sex styled the 23. King Charles assassinated Sigismund Husband of Mary undertakes and effects her Restitutioâ—s Sigismund his 〈…〉 Mary dies the Title to the Succession disputed Bajazet's great Successes The Battle of Nicopolis most fatal to the Christians Bajazeâ— a sad Spectacle of humane Frailty Sigismund seized and made a Prisoner * The City of Zâ—ra Sigismund â—reed The Hungarians â—â—orsted by the Turks Belgradâ—â— put into the possession of Sigismund The Death of Sigismund Albert of Austria succeeds the 25. K. Rascia subdued by the Turks Albert Dies Divisions in Hungary about a new King Uladislaus of Poland Innaugurated Albert's Relict wages war in right of her Son Belgrade in vain Beseiged by Amurath Huniades his Exploits and Atcheivements Uladislaus his Succesful Invasion of the Turkish Territory His Victory over the Turks Amurath begs a Cessation Uladislaus perswaded by the Pope to break his Truce with the Tuâ—k The fatal Battel of Varna Ladislaus the 26. K. Scanderbeg Huniades defeated in the Plains of Cossovâ— Constantinople taken by Mahomet Belgrade besieged by him Defeated there by Huniades Hisâ—â—amented Death Aâ— Interregnum in Hungaria Matthias saluted the King Frederick the Emâ—erour malâ—s War against him Matthias his War with the Bandâ—ts of the Mountains The Turks make war against Matthias An Expedition into Bosnia Matthias â—â—alous for the Pope A Treasonable conspiracy against Matthias Ladislaus Defeated Matthias his War in Poland Schodra in vain besieged Sabarium taken by Matthias Matthias war against the Emperor Frederick Solyman the Beglerbeg of Romania defeated by him Defeats the Turks in Transylvania His sucesse in Austria His Vertues and Commendations His Death Corvinus his bastard claims the Crown Corvinus defeated His submission and agreement * Hermanstaet Vienna restored to Maximilian with other places in Austria Uladislaus makes peace with Maximilian Bajazet dareth not enter Hungary His Bassa's defeated Diencenus defeated by Jacup Aga * Dobrse the same with the Russes Kinâ—sius successes His death The King punisheth his seditious Grandees Insurrections and Outrages in Hungary by the Clergy Souldiers The death of King Ladislaus Lewis succeeds his Father Ladislaus is the 29. King Belgrade taken by Solyman The barbarous perfidy of Lewis Divisions and Innovations about Religion in Hungary Lewis his unadvised rashnesse The fatal Battel of Mohacz Lewis killed Buda taken by Solyman Civil Wars ensue this Calamity John named King by a Convention of the Hungaran Nobility at Alba Regalis John beaten and dispossessed by Ferdinand John flyes for shelter into Poland John complyes with the Turks and joyns Interests Solyman undertakes his Cause and Quarrel Vienna besieged 1529. The siege raised Peace concluded betwixt John Ferdinand Griti's Designs Solyman's terms of Peace Griti ' s End Cibacus murdered by him A Rupture between K. John and Ferdinand * Siculi Felsius the Emperours General 's successe John and Ferdinand Friends The lamentable Defeat of Caczianerus and Lodronius The noble Valour of Lodronius Solyman accuseth Jâ—hn of perfidy Ingratitude His Excuse New Troubles betwixt both Kings The Death of John Solyman invited to be Guardian to his Son Ferdinand ' s Intrigues Buda besieged by Rogendorf Defeated there Solyman in person again in Hungary Caeesses the Q. and her Son Buda put into the Turks possession Solyman's insolent Demands to Ferdâ—nand Aids offered Ferdinand 1542. Solyman's Suâ—cesses Strigonium taken Alba Regalis yeilded to him Visigrade taken Count Serini defeated by Ulumas A Peace procured Ferdinand George Monachus his designs Isabel the Q. resigns
these distant Regions are very rife and frequent All that is to be Apologised and Excused is the style which pretends to nothing but understandible English shut up by such rigid clauses and restraints of matter that it could not breath any free Language And when the Reader shall have perceived how this Volume is crowded to render it a Manual acceptable to the diversion of curious and inquisitive men he will no doubt vouchsafe a Pardon to this Endevour Vale. THE HISTORY OF HUNGARIA AND TRANSYLVANIA THIS Nation not seen nor known in Europe before the decrepit Estate of the Roman Empire had their formidable Extract from the extremest part of Maeotis inhabited by the Massagetes next neighbours to the Dahi as Plinius Mela and Ptolomy do report though some Authors have derived them from the Parthians both seated betwixt the Rivers Oxus and Iaxarta Former Times call'd all that Tract of ground lying North and North-east by the Name of Scythia and under that general Appellation the Inhabitants were notified to the world which now is distinguished into the different Tribes of the present Tartarian Empire who at this day continue that vagrant incursive and predatory disposition that brought these necessitous Huns in vast multitudes into fertiler though never so distant Regions It will be therefore requisite to give some breif account of this Nursery and source of so many Martial Nations and particularly of this of the Huns because of this singular remarque that none of her swarms besides were ever blest with the Christian Faith and arrived to and persisted in the Glory of a Kingdome and Empire under the Ensigne of the Crosse intire separate and unmixt from other Nations in all the Fortunes of War and the variation of their Estate Scythia by the Ancients was divided into the European and Asiatick the former made stretching it self from the Springs of Tanais by the Banks of the Lake Maeotis and the Euxine Sea to Ister so named when swelled with the Confluence of the Danow Savus and Dravus 3 great Rivers by the City of Belgrade the reason of which mistake was for that they falsly supposed Asia to be divided from Europe by the Tanais For from Taenarus the Extreme promontory of Peloponesus to the Springs and rise of Tanais not more than half the Line extending to the Northern Ocean is Comprehended that River arising in the Confines of the greater Russia and the lesser Tartary from a Lake called Ivanowo Iezcier not out of the Riphaean Mountains as is fabled by the Ancients for that there are no such Hills in nature nor was it ever agreed among Geographers where they should be sited And it is since manifest that from the Lake aforesaid there is as much space of ground lying between the Sea as is betwixt it and Peloponensus so that many places are assigned to Asia in this Region which do truely belong to Europe This is the rather insisted to rectifie the general mistake in most of the modern Maps and descriptions of the World The vastnesse of the Asian Scythia is so great that its bounds were neither known in the past not discovered to the present Age Circumscribed to the East with the opposite shore of unknown Seas to the North with the Frozen Scythian Sea to the West with the Cimmerian Bosphorus Maeotis Tanais and a Line drawn to the White Sea to the South with the Indies whence it comes to passe that the Straight of Anian is yet controverted some allowing no such Sea others so narrow a one that the Scythians are feigned to have had their originals from America The uncertainty of our knowledge of this Countrey is imputed to this main Cause for that none of the Mighty of the world could ever boast of a Conquest thereof We read of Expeditions made against the Scythians both towards the East and the West but no way remarquable for their progression Cyrus never reached Iaxarta Darius attempting the Europaean Scythians came not to the Mountains of Dacia Trajan who went further then any of his Predecessors arrived not to the Springs of Marusius The Arms of Alexander the Great the more inward Inhabitants onely heard of but felt not And Pliny complains that in his time the vastnesse of the Maeotick Lake was altogether unknown some saying it was a Gulf or Bay of the Sea others that it was divided from it by an Isthmus or small piece of ground And even now although Zingis Chan and Temur or Tamerlane Chan attained the Dominion of all Scythia and their Acts are extant and read by many Men in the Arabick Tongue yet the places thereof are so obscured by their barbarous and confused names that they afford imperfect light to any Discovery The very word Scythian in former times extended not its self further than to the Taurica Chersonesu led by which reason Strabo called that Scythia the Lesse now termed by Pinetus Precopsa and Gazara and even at this day on the same account is Tartaria the Lesse denominated For what ever Ancient Times called Scythia the greatest part thereof by the latter is called Tartaria or Tataria The Countrey of a most Warlike Nation addicted to Prey and Robbery The whole is almost Desart and desolat so that Planocarpus the Nuncio of Innocent the fourth found the better half of it to be Sandy Plains and destitute of Inhabitants who have no certain or fixt Habitations as counting it a sin and a crime to build a City as is reported of the Ancient Nomades whose Progeny these are but carry their Tents about with them This Desart Tartaria called in Arabick Kafshak and Barka from whence the Hungarians are deduced is shut up to the South with the Caspian and Euxine Seas and the interjacent Hills of the Circassian Mamalukes anciently Caucasus The East is limited by the Chovaresmi by Strabo called Chorasmasini by Stephanus Chorameni a People derived from the Massagetae and Sacae to whom Bessus and Spiramenes fled from the Bactrians and Sogdiani Atcar and Schagnak until ranging to other Regions as far as Turquestana which is Seated betwixt Oxus and Iaxara the peculiar derivation of the Huns it joyns with the Getae and the Chinese who Conterminate with the Mogoles and the Chattaei On the North is the Region of Siberia vast solitudes and Desarts and Sands like Mountains Lastly on the West Russia Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire There are many Tribes of this People but quite different in Language as much as the Borderers differ in their several manners from the peaceable simple dispositions of the Inlanders The Nation of the Sythians Iustin affirms to have been most Ancient although much disputed for Antiquity by the Aegyptians For the Mountainous places were first Inhabited then the Plains Nor is there scarce any People of Europe or Asia which have not been propagated out of the North even the Eastern parts as far as India where under the Name of Parthians as mentioned before
Christendome Hereby also the King was encouraged to make an Invasion into the Turkish Territory accompanyed by Iulian the Pope's Legate and a multitude of Crusado's At Buda he passed the Danow Huniades and George the Despot advancing before him who by light skirmishes drove the Enemy back until the whole Army was arrived to the very tops of Mount Haemus where there are two passes into Macedon and Thrace the one made by Trajan the other by the River Saltiza called by the Turks Clissira Isladina to this day other parties of the Hungarians reducing most of the Towns in Bulgaria Against them Amurath dispatcht Casaâ—n Bassa or Caram Beg with Turchan Beg with all the Forces of Romania and the Achanzes Soldiers serving without stipend who were by the desperate Valour of the Hungarians utterly Defeated and Casan himself taken Prisoner The Report of this disaster reaching Amurath he summoned and amassed the whole Force of his Empire but Winter being far in and the Earth bound up with Ice while the King was upon his return he retreated likewise having effected nothing Considerable when perceiving by the calamity of so many misadventures that his Provinces must needs be exhausted by the Continuance of the War he submitted to the intreaty of a Peace using thereto the Mediation of George the Despot to Huniades and his to the King who being newly at Enmity with the Emperour Frederick and his Paternal Kingdome of Poland then in Faction and Troubles consented to a Ten years Cessation upon this Condition that George the Despot should be restored to his Principality of Servia his two Sons enlarged and Prisoners freed on both sides that the Turk should quit Claim to Moldavia but should retain Bulgary Amurath having thus avoided the danger that threatned him in those Quarters carried it with him upon Ibrahim the Caramanian King in Asia the lesse whom he subdued and Vanquished but soon after received into favour In the mean while Eugenius the Pope the Venetians and Greek Emperour by many perswasions had induced Uladislaus a young Man not skill'd in the affairs of Fortune to break the Truce made with an Infidel And though Huniades protested against it as best able to judge of what would happen by informing the King that his Life and Scepter might be taken away but his Truth and plighted Faith was in his own keeping and that the space of life was short but a blot of Perfidiousnesse everlasting Yet the King relying upon the Pope's Dispensation as Religion is the only Governour of our Affections and deceived with vain Auguries and the advantages of his Puissance armed himself to his own Destruction For having embodyed his Polâ—nian and Hungarian Forces he passed the Danow and Betgrade where Dracula the Prince of Moldavia having in vain laboured his desistance from the enterprise joyned also 4000. men with him Of this Expedition Amurath having intelligence sent him by Mahomet Beg Governour of Nicopolis to his Residence at Magnesia streightwayes crossed over into Europe and at an obscure Village named Varna but famous for this great overthrow joyned Battel In the left Wing of the Christian Army Huniades and one Michael Niger the Duke of Scylagy and Brother of Huniades were placed In the right wing stood Bobricius a Polonian Knight in the main Battel the King The Turks first onset with great noise was upon the right wing where they opposed Camels and Dromedaries to the Horse who being therewith affrighted and the Riders no lesse amazed they were easily put to the rout but in the left wing and the main body the King and Huniades had better fortune utterly discomfiting both the wings of the Infidels only Amurath himself with his Janizaries stood yet unmoved who seeing the presentnesse of the danger calling Christ to be the Avenger of this Perfidy Mr. Knols in his Turkish History relates that he pulled the Instrument of the Truce out of his bosome and held it up towards heaven with great fury prest upon the Hungarians and made a very great slaughter wherein Uladislaus against the Disswasion of Huniades rushing upon the Enemy by the Fall of his Horse that was run through had his Head cut off by Cheser Beg the rest of the Army being disordered and so hindering one anothers flight were for the most part slain on the place Huniades himself escaped by Valachia into Transylvania although for a while detained by Dracula There were reckoned to be slain of the Kings side 9000 and of the Turks 30 thousand This was the end of Uladislaus whom because Religion could not rule the despiser of that Religion did destroy The Epitaph on him was this Romulidae Cannas ego Varnam clade not avi Discite Mortales non temerare fidem Me nisi Pontifices jussissent rumpere foedus Non ferret Scythicum Pannonis or a Iugum The Hungarians being thus deprived of their King conferred the Kingdome upon LADISLAUS the Son of Albert whom they had so long with-held from his right of Inheritance entrusting the Government with Huniades sirnamed Corvinus with the Administration of it both as to War and Peace who to be revenged of Dracula for his Detainer of him in his Flight seized him and his two Sons He dispatched likewise an Embassy to Caesar concerning the Redelivery of the King and Crown which the Mother of the present King had deposited with him but neither intreatâ—es nor Force afterwards by incursions into Austria prevailed any thing In the mean while the Turk prosecuted his Successe in Hungary with a Revenge worthy of so odious a perjury when Huniades in no Condition to oppose him by hidden wayes Rendezvouzed an Army in Servia to recall the Enemy to the preservation of his own Countrey To his Assistance he invited first George the Despot who pretending the late Agreement he drew in the Beg of Schodra who was the Famous George Castriot called by the Turks Scanderbeg the Son of Iohn King of the Epirots or Triballi had by fained Letters of Amurath's Hand possessed himself of Croja the Capital City as by his Valour and vigilance soon after of most of the Kingdome and maintained it in a War of 24. Years and encamped in the Plains of Cossova where he engaged the Turks three whole dayes together the first two dayes he had the better of them but their Numbers prevailed in the third he himself flying was taken Prisoner by George the Despot as an Infringer of his Oath but upon the Hostage of his Son Ladislaus set at Liberty which the Turk resenting dispatched away Frigez Beg to Invade Servia to whose Releif Huniades seemingly reconciled to their Despot now abominated but out of hatred to the name of the Turks speedily advanced and with a great slaughter Vanquished the Enemy taking the Beg himself A Bohemiâ—â— Scuffle followed this but was presently Composed by the Victorious Fortune of Huniades At length the Emperour restored Ladislaus whom the States of Hungary complementd
just before solemnized the Birth-day of his onely Son Iohn Sigismund The civil War which had been laid by the intervention of Treaties now by the death of one of the Treating parties broke out again Essecius and Verbeczius the Administrators having recommended their Pupil to the Tuition and Guardianship of Solyman brought forth a Banner the Staff of Honour and Scymitar the Ensignes of his Investiture in the Kingdome when they were indeed the Badges of Slavery and so counted and derided by other men As to Ferdinand he now thought it seasonable while yet the Peace was observed by his Ambassadors and Heraulds to try the mind of the Turk and the Queen willing rather to reduce the Kingdom by fair means than by blood-shed and War But understanding that Lascus his Orator with Solyman was by him Imprisoned and nothing to be effected there and that the Count of Salms was meerly delayed by Isabel the Queen he proceeded to open Hostility Leonard Felsius his General reducing Vissegrade Vaccia and Pesth but his attempt upon Buda the discord arisen between his Germans and Hungarians and their private Conferences with their Country-men unluckily disappoynted More effectual was the Eloquence of Perenyus who being brought over to Ferdinand's side by Szegessus his Ambassador at the Wedding of King Iohn where he set forth the Power and Fortune of Charles the Emperour now carried with him Alba Regalis to the German party Nor was the Turk lesse active and stirring Mahomet Amurath and Usref coming in the depth of Winter to the Assistance of George Monaâ—hus who from the King's Fire-maker or â—eweller was advanced to the highest Dignities and Peter Petrovitius assigned Guardians by the Testament of Iohn to his Son Sigismund and presently attaqued Pesth but by the Valour of Fotiscus and Speciacassius whose vigorous Salleys the Turkish Camp could not endure they were repelled with great Losse This so encouraged Ferdinand that Rogendorf was sent to besiege Buda which Monachus and his adherents had re-fortified and made good the Walls and Bulwarks with needful reparations and now Countermined the besiegers when Thomas Bornemisza the Provost of the Town and Peter Palcianus proffered to deliver it to Revayus the time and place appointed none but Hungarians for the better concealing the Designe to be engaged in it All things thus fairly laid and the General cocksure of the Town Fortune shewed him what presumption and mistrust can do in the juncture of the greatest Military Affairs For he diffident of the Hungarians and relying upon the constancy of the Germans aâ— the hour and place agreed on clapt them into the City who being betrayed by their Tongue were fallen upon by those who would have been their friends in Peace so numbers of them slain and the rest repulsed Nor did their ill fortune stay here for Mahomet and Ulumas Bassa of â—osnia after a Naval Encounter while he loytered before Buda landed upon him and over-threw his Army when Speciaâ—acassius from Pesth fell upon the Victors and abated the dishonour of the Day by a like slaughter and terrour brought upon the Enemy but yet so that the fame of Solyman arrogated to it self the Victory for that Rogendorf wounded with a Pole and flying for fear died with grief and heartlesse his Fleet made shift to escape but his Land Forces were wholly lost Solyman was now in person again in Hungary as a token of his affection to the young King presented his Mother with a Babylonish Garment and Jewells of inestimable value as he did her Son with Horses richly Trapped desiring him to be brought into his Camp which request was observed as a Command whither being come Valentinus Tercock one of his prime Councellors a man of a various and inconstant mind was secured the Child and the rest of his retinue was returned to his Mother Verbeczius Authour of this Counsel of Solyman's Protection survived not long after but troubled in Conscience with the evil thereof gave notable proof of his hearty repentance In conclusion Solyman by an Instrument conferred Transylvania Lippa and Temeswar to the Queen and his Pupil when he swore by God Mahomet his own Head and Sword that he would render Buda to the Young Prince in which City he now placed Solyman Bassa for Governour in his own Right and Title The Queen guided by the necessity of the Times or afraid to dispute the businesse accepted of the Conditions and quitted Buda ever since remaining in the Turkish power as the Metrapolis of what they hold in Hungary where Solyman gave Audience to the Counts of Salms Herbensteyn Ferdinand's Ambassadors of whom he insolently demanded that their Master should presently yeild Hungary to him as his Benefactour and pay him a Tribute for Austria It was bootlesse to make any reply to â—uch a formidable Neighbour for that the Hungarians being deceived with this ostentation and Shew of their King and by their own means disabled from resistance were not to be considered or relyed upon The Policy of Solyman being herein agreeable to that of other Potentates who to dissolve the present State pretend the Interest of the natural and rightful Princes not that they should Govern or have any Authority but themselves having once gained the People by such Arts make not nice to retain them in subjection by the extremest rigour and Violence as having a pretended good Right by their former voluntary Complyance and addresse to their auxiliary Arms. The losse of Buda put all Germany into a Trepidation as apprehending the vicinity of the danger At Spire and Ratisbone two Aids were readily decreed Maurice the young Duke of Saxony offering his Service with some voluntier Troops at his own Charge and raising Perenyus had got together Fifteen thousand Hungarians and Paul the third sent Three thousand Men under the Command of Medigius afterward Pope Pius the fifth and Alexander Vitellius Nor were Ferdinand's Forces of his own levying fewer in number Ioachim of Brandenburg being Constituted Generalissimo This was in the Year of our Lord 1542. when Solyman by his Generals Ulumas Amurath and others timely opposed his Arms. Pesth was the first place of Encounter which Vitellius Sforza Palavicinus having besieged by a Stratagem of a sudden flight thence the Turks were brought by the ambuscadoes of Perenyus into an inclosure Here the Turks desperation show'd its victorious Effect though repressed by Maurice and the Courage of Count Nicholas Serini's Men Pesth was hereupon reattempted upon the point of Surrender when the Germans failed Vitellius and through the ill Conduct or faint-heartednesse of Ioachim were upon their retreat and departure Perenyus was at the same time secured in Neustria as well for his present ambition upon the Crown as his former designs of revolting to the Enemy This Enterprize upon Pesth Solyman vowed to revenge to gratifie which his Chief Commanders resolutely took in several Towns and among other
Dragoons and 6000. Walloon Foot out of Flanders With this noble Army and most strictly disciplined sufficient to terrifie the world having traversed the County about Alba to amuse the Enemy he came at last and clapt down before Strigonium presently erected Castles a futlong distant from one another on the Mount of St. Thomas for the security of his Camp Twice by the tumultuary onset of the Hungarians and Walloons were the Walls attempted and they repelled but the Walloons enraged with the repulse renewed it of themselves singly possessed the rampire and drove the Enemy into the Inner Town while Palfius took the Fort of Parcanum on the other side the Water opposite to Strigonium and razed it and with the same Successe defeated their releif under Hasan the Beglerbeg and the Bassa of Buda amounting to Thirty thousand men his own Forces making no more than the tenth part of them He was engaged in an Ambuscade but desperation not onely saved his own Men but put the Enemy to flight neverthelesse he must have fallen by their fresh numbers but that the Walloons came readily and unexpectedly to his assistance But the Turks through very fear and the consideration of the losse of the Town came on very boldly Mansfeld having taken the Charles Bulwark and engaged the besiegers in a most terrible and bloody fight but such was the chearful readynesse of the Christians advantaged by those Castles aforesaid which grivously annoyed the Turke with shot that 14000 of them were slain and their Camp taken Immediately after which glory accrued to those other felicities and accomplishmeâ—ts of the Noble Mansfeld he fell sick of a surfeit by too greedy eating of Melons a common Disease among the Germans in Hungary and died before the Town much lamented and honoured by all men The Seige was neverthelesse continued by Matthias who had newly welcomed the Duke of Mantua to the Camp and the water-Town gained when the same defeated Turks endevoured again its releif their Life and Honour being concerned in it but were routed by the Walloons again under Oberenprucius who came opportunely to the Relief of Nadasdi beset with their whole Power and too late expecting the Succour of Charles Burgrave which being told Mahomet the Governour of Strigonium distressed also for Water he yeilded the City the fifty second year after its Captivity by Solyman and now Vissigrade Vaccia and all the Towns as far as Pesth resounded with this Victory which dismissed Matthias to Vienna having placed Palfi Governour of Strigonium and sent Maximilian with part of the Army into Upper Hungary to have an eye to the Affairs with Triffenbach in those parts In Illyria Serinus and Hebberstain took Babocza Erdoedius c. Petrinia restored to the Turks with Rastowitz and Gara Greater was the Effort as greater was the Power of Sigismund who having solemnized his Nuptials at Alba Iulia with the two Vayvods had shook off the Turkish Yoke and had ignominiously treated his Envoy For his General George Barbelius and his united Nobility took in a great number of Towns Michael the Vayvod of Valachia and Albertus Kyrali sent him as his Assistant by Sigismund carrying the War further to prevent Sinan's Design upon them at home By them Floccium neer Nicopolis was seized Arsena burnt and Selistria plundred Achomat the Eunuch sent by Sinan to their seizure with Twenty five thousand men they engaged and totally routed so that Thrace seemed to be joyned to Germany and probably enough if there had been as much Prudence in retaining as there was Valour in getting of it Michael returned to Bucorestum but Kyrali sliding over the Danow now frozen warmed his fingers with the fire of several noted â—owns in Bulgaria Sinan like a Tempest departed from Constantinople with menaces and curses against these Revolters took Bucorâ—st and Fortified Tergowist the Metropolis of Valachia Michael and Kyrali as unable to resist passing over the untrodden Alps â—o Novigrad In whose pursuit Sinan being himself engaged sent away Twelve thousand men to make an Invasion upon his Countrey Ten thousand of whom were presently slain and a Consternation brought upon the whole Turkish Camp even Sinan himself was meditating of a flight and hardly retained by the memory of his past actions for he was so far forward that he was crowded off the Bridge straitned with runnawayes and two of his teeth beaten out the shame whereof converted into Desperation whereby he drove Michael into his furthest retreats amongst Rocks and Precipices to which streights reduced he experimented the present deliverance of Almighty God being rescued by the advance of Sigismund with an Army of Twenty thousand Horse and thirty thousand Foot enforced by the Siculi Cosacks and Valachians upon promise of Liberty By the notable Valour of these Siculi Tergovist was regained it being not advisable to leave any place possessed by the Enemy in their Reer The news of this recovery made Sinan fly to Bucorestum which Town he burned and destroyed all manner of Provision thinking want and Hunger would have stopt Sigismund's pursuit and in great hast passed the Danow but not with such speed for Sigismund being at his heels surprized Eight thousand Turks the Reer-guard of those Christians he was carrying into Captivity of this side the River every man of whom were presently put to the Sword and killed in a moment Sinan hereupon partly with Greif and old Age and not without suspicion of poyson breathed out his unhappy Soul obnoxious to the revenge of the Bassa's for the arrogance and insolence of his great Fortune which is subject not onely to others Envy but mens own miscarriages and misdemeanours Sigismund entrusting the reduction of the Army to Boczkay arrived at Stephanopolis where he displaced Aaron from his Vayvodship of Moldavia as suspect of Perfidy and settled Stephen Resvan but him Iohn Samoiscius provoked by the slaughter cruel usage of some Podolians overcame and Vanquished after two or three successful Encounters and having taken him drove a Stake through his Groyns and set him aloft for a spectacle substituting in his place Ieremy Mogilla as Tributary to the Turk but Beneficiary to the Kingdome of Poland Nothing is to be mentioned of Maximilian but that he in vain besieged Szolnoc being destitute of firing in a very cold and unseasonable Autumne followed by a most rigorous Winter This February Sigismund disquieted with the Care of the future as the hatred of his past affairs journyed to Prague to the Emperour where he was honourable received but during his stay there was seized with a Feaver which turned to the Small pox at which time the Siculi Rebeâ—led pretending they were deceived of their promised Liberty but were by Boczkay soon reduced and severely punished Dalmatia had a share of these Troubles Berthusius a Knight of Rhodes having intelligence that Ibrahim Bassa Governour of Clissa was at the Mart of Drilon having
summoned a Diet in Hungary at Ersekuyvarum where partly betwixt Force and good will he was again Proclaimed King the Majesty of which Title his Valour as having been two and forty times present in Battel Magnificence and Popularity very well suited and now he began to Act as a King Tampirius Generalissimo of Hungary therefore opposed his Army consisting of ten thousand men and by Water and Land laid Siege to Presburgh and took the Suburbs and the Fort before them but while he unwarily viewed the Castle he was slain with a Dart. The Fall of the General made the Souldiers desert the siege and suffer Bethlen to Ravage Austria where he had effected great matters but that the over-throw of his Confederates at Prague spoyled his Designs The Elector Palatine being yet at Uratislavia in the Marquisate of Silesia did very much urge him to proceed and to continue his Successes for that speedily he would bring an Army out of England and Denmark to his Assistance And indeed Ernestus Count Mansfield Brother of Charles that was so Famous for the Siege of Strigonium having gained Pilsa and Taborum was advanced into the Palatinate and had reduced things there to some better Conditlon but in the mean while Bohemia was quite lost the Palatine proscribed the Jesuits restored and the Reformists driven out of the Kingdome The French King endevoured a Peace between the Emperour and Bethlen at Hamburg but with no successe for Gabriel would neither renounce his Regal Title nor give way to the Estates of Hungary to transact with Ferdinand but called in an Army of Turks and Tartars by which means he drew Envy upon himself and the Estates grew eager against his Government and returned to their former Allegiance George Szecsi was first received into favour who drew a great many with him and took Francis Redei away perforce who languished away for greif not long after As to matter of Action Charles â—ongaevall Count of Bucquoy having subdued and tamed the Moravians with an Army of 2200 men and 22 Great Guns marched directly against Bethlen who retreating into Transylvania and the German and Hungarian Garrisons diffeâ—ing among themselves recovered Presburg with Tyrnaw Ovarum Schutt and all that Tract of Ground as far as Newhausel which he also besieged and brought it to extremity when Stanislaus Thurzo salleyed out upon the Foragers and lighting upon Bucquoy who too rashly engaged in their assistance killed him after sixteen wounds his Horse being shot under him his dead body with the slaughter of many Imperialists was brought off and redeemed from the Hungarians and in the beginning of Iuly enterred at Vienna By his Death the Affairs of Caesar were shaken for the Walloons refusing another General gave opportunity to the Enemy of reducing many places Gabriel having raised a new Army and overthrown the Nobles of Hungary Ersekuyvarum was also abandoned by the Garrison so that finding the Kingdome naked and destitute of Defence he joyned with the Count of Thurn and the Marquisse of Iâ—gerendorf and forced Tyrnaw Presburg he in vain attempted whence by the Invitation of Iagerendorf he made an Irruption into Moravia and seized and pillaged several places but being opposed here by the Emperours new Generals Esterhasius Wallensteyn and Hanibal Donaw who set upon him on every side and Iagerendorf departed from Silesia as his Transylvanians for want of Provision were privily slipt home he bethought himself of a Peace which at the instance of his Ambassadors was first treated of at Oedinburg but Concâ—uded at Szentmicklosium whereby Bethlen retaining Tockay and Cassovia with seven other Lordships in Hungary was to yeild up and resign the Crown with all other places and Cities in that Kingdome to forbear the Regal Title and be content with the Name of Roman Prince should enjoy Opulia and Ratibor the State of Religion and the Jesuites to be restored to the places they were in before Thus the Elector Palatine was disappointed here also as Mansfield and Christian Duke of Brunswick had been unsuccessful against Tilly so that driven out of his Haereditary Countreys he fled into Holland The Electoral Dignity was conferred on Maximilian of Bavaria when the Estates of the Empire perceived that the Power they had given the Emperour was used by him against themselves Iagerendorf being expelled out of Silesia again implored Bethlen to the assistance and Support of the Churches whereupon the flame of the but newly quenched Conflagration broke out again Bethlen delivered Vaczia to the Turks with whom and the Tartars to the number of eighty thousand excited by the Count of Thurn he Invaded Hungary pretending first Religion then the Money not paid nor the Conditions of the Treaty at Oedinburg performed At Tyrnaw he defeated the Regiment of Tieffenbach and falling into Moravia drove Swarzemburg before him and besieged him in the Metropolis building four great Bulwarks before that part of the City where the onely Egresse was and keeping strong Guards on that side where it was Fenced with the Lake and Woods neverthelesse Swarzemburg by a frugal apportioning of the Allowance of Provision held out the place till the Winter when the Grand Seigniour being rightly informed of the Quarrel by Caesar with the menace of his Scymitar recalled Bethlen and the Turks and Tartars impatient of the delay and the Cold refused to obey him althoâ—gh some of them were therefore hanged up Besides the aids out of Germany appeared not so that he was compelled to make a Truce and the Garrison almost famished delivered from the Siege His Title of The Roman Prince or Prince of the Romans was abolished his Coadjutors the Turks left to get home as well as they could in which return many were stripped and slain and satisfied for their fellows cruelty and plunder In the beginng of May this year the Peace was confirmed and redintegrated Iagerendorf quite disseised of Silesia Thurn expell'd out of Moravia and Bethlen deprived of that part he held in Hungary but restored to Opulia and Ratibor taken from him in the beginning of these Troubles And lastly the Kingdome of Hungary acknowledged her old Soveraign Ferdinand Ernestus Eldest Son of Ferdinand the second being Crowned at Ovarum where were present his Father his Queen and Children Caraffa the Popes Nuncio and the Spanish and Florentine Ambassadors Bethlen also sent his thither being taken up with the Solemnity of his Nuptials with Catharine the Daughter of Iohn Sigismund Marquiss of Brandenburgh who was Married at Alba Iulia At this Diet at Ovarum great was the Unanimity and Concord of the Estates by whose resolutions the Guards and Forts against Canysa were strongly fortified the License of Polygamy restrained the Road secured and the Tribute and Tax duely settled and other things enacted which concerned the safety of the Kingdome Ezterhesius was substituted to the Dignity of Palatine in the room of Thurzo Next succeeded the Coronation it self
could command the Town and beat the besieged from the Walls Whereupon the Hungarians whispered one another to Surrender out of a fear to dispute it any longer which moved the Garmans likewise to speak of an Accord and sent to the Grand Vizier demanding honourable Conditions whose Answer was that they should set down their own Terms leaving only their Great Guns in the Fort. On the 26 ' of September the Christians marched out with 2422 Sound and Armed men and four Peice of Ordnance At this Surrender the Enemy got seventy Piece of Ordnance great store of Arms Powder Wine Meal and Corn. In the mean while some 1000 of Tartars Moldavians and Valachians as bad Brutes as the worst of the Infidels drawn hither in hope of plunder made their way over the Waegh by force puting those Christians to the Sword that Guarded the Pasâ— and so crossing the Mountains they entred into Moravia and the parts about Olmitz which Towns together with a great number of the neighbouring Villages they burnt to the Ground Their Guides and Leaders they had from among the Boors of the Country who most unnaturally and treacherously shewed them the wayes and passes and had therefore for their pains some share of the booty This Havock lasted in Moravia 10 dayes and then they pass'd over the March-stream into Austria at which time the Country People with their best moveables were fled to Vienna At length having laden themselves with all manner of Booty they return'd to the Camp at Newhausel where they exposed the Men and Beasts which they had taken up in several places to common-sale in the Market While these things were doing the Turks busied themselves against the Fort Serinswar and by way of Stratagem attempted Clausenburgh in Transylvania but at both Places they were repuls'd with losse and shame At which time Count Serini with a considerable Body of Croatians and other neighbouring People made a sudden Incursion into Turky to the great dammage of the Infidels At his Return the said Count was made Generalissimo of all the Emperors forces then rendezvouzed at Presburgh under their former General Montecuculi Newhausel being reduced which was supposed and vainly hoped would have disappointed the Turks progresse and successe for this year being declined so far as the depth of Winter the Grand Vizier undertook some farther Conquest and with his Army leaving a sufficient Garrison and other numbers to repair and better fortifie the Fort by bringing the River Niutre round about it marched towards Presburgh the Capital City or Mehropolis of Lower Hungary and with his approach gave out â—umours of his resolution to attaque it relying on his first Fortune and those popular insinuations he had spread abroad of his reality justice and tendernesse to such places as should come into his Masters Protection with which thriving Artifice he had already gained upon the credulity of most of the Pesants and indefensible places Besides the Honour of the place as the Repository of the Crown of Hungary which the Hungarians most Religiously reverence as placing the safety and Glory of their Nation therein and which being seized would have Intituled the winner and wearer to the Kingdome the convenience thereof as freeing his way to Vienna on one part and to Commorra Raab or Newhausel on the other and contrarily incomodating his attempt upon the Island of Schut by its Neighbourly Correspondence and Assistance in case of Danger where at present the General Count Serini was enquartered was a great motive and enticement to an Attempt against it But such had been the Vigilance and Care of Count Strozzi a Famous and experienced Souldier in providing and furnishing the City wherein the hope of the Kingdome was concerned and his Courage and all other excellent qualities of a Governour so known and believed by this Discreet Vizier that contenting himself with the submission of Modern St. George Posing and other places that lay open and exposed to his Power and the bravery and gallant Designment of so high an Enterprise with the unimpeded conduct of the Affair he retreated honourably and as if he had proceeded so far meerly upon a plot and Designe to surprize some places by his sudden Return he presently invested Niutra a place neer Newhausel and as well Fortified and more respected because of its Ecclesiastical Concernment as being a Bishops See and by terrifying Menaces and preparations for a storm soon wrought upon the Defendants to a Surrender who by the Articles thereof were conveyed to Presburgh The speedy and lucky Event of this rendition was effectual to his practises on other places for upon the same score Tyrnaw and some other Towns thereabouts opened their Gates and submitted to him upon his Common terms of Religion and Liberty which Successe invited him to the siege of Schinta a very strong and considerable Fortresse and a Magazine of a great and the best quantity of the Emperours Artillery but by the Fidelity and Valour of the Governour and his men was repulsed thence and glad to abandon the Enterprize for that October was more than half spent and the Climate did much incommodate his Asian and African Souldiery Therefore to provide them of warmer Winter Quarters to keep them well and in health against the Spring he repassed his Great Guns with some of his Army over his Ship-bridge to Gran or Strigonium rum ouring that when he had disposed of those unuseful peices in the depth of Winter he would return himself with his Europeans to prosecute the War but in fine he passed over his whole Army being followed in his Rear in expectation of advantage by General Serini who having parted with General Montecuculi conjoyned in attendance of the Newhausel Design upon the Island of Schut did at last cut off some six hundred Janizaries with two hundred Pesonio's or Baggage people engaged in the defence thereof which they resolutely maintained by barricadoing themselves among the Waggons so that Serini's Hussars were forced to alight and follow them a foot in their advantages and there Couragiously slew them This was some expiation of that Defeat given to Count Forgaz very near the same place as a fortnight before his Brother and he had Defeated two great parties but not with so great successe This happned about the last of October and so those parts of this side the Danow conceived some joyful hopes of a respit till the coming of the Spring But the Vizier by those other after accessions had so strongly fixt himself by leaving a Garrison of 4000. men in Newhausel and 1500 in Niutre besides a body of 10000. men to be ready to assist upon all occasions that the Christians are still kept to their Arms to attend their motion and to Guard themselves And to increase the Danger Apaffi the Prince of Transylvania whom they looked upon as under a Constraint of Compliance with the Turks and a secret well-wisher to the