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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A21074	Ariosto's satyres in seuen famous discourses, shewing the state, 1 Of the Court, and courtiers. 2 Of libertie, and the clergie in generall. 3 Of the Romane clergie. 4 Of marriage. 5 Of soldiers, musitians, and louers. 6 Of schoolmasters and scholers. 7 Of honor, and the happiest life. In English, by Garuis Markham.; Satires. English	Ariosto, Lodovico, 1474-1533.; Tofte, Robert, 1561-1620.; Markham, Gervase. 1568?-1637.	1608 (1608)	STC 744; ESTC S100232	98,188	118

then begin To giue ore all my more then foolish hope When I got nothing of my best knowne Pope If Leo gaue my fortunes nothing then T is vaine to hope for gaine from other men Deare Lord thou must with other hookes and draught Fish for me if thou looke I shall be caught But if perforce thou wilt haue me to goe Thy will be done and I am prest thereto Yet honour shall not moue me Riches lesse For neither of them both I would possesse Honor I scorne for t is meere vanity And riches mix not with my desteny Say rather I shall leaue this p●…ace I keepe Nor longer with these barbarous people sleepe More rude then are the rocks wherin they dwell So rude their maners are and wratl●… so fell Say I shall not be troubled some to fine Some to exile to kill or to confine Whilst I complaine that force doth ouersway All reason yet that force I must obay Tell me I shall haue leasure and fit time To talke vnto the Muses in sweete rime And midst faire groaues and arbors to deuise The strength of verse and rarely poetize Tell me with Sadolet with Bembo Iouio With Molza Vida and with Blosio VVith Tibaldo and Pontanus and the rest I may liue at mine ease most happy blest Taking for guide which of them best doth please me Or altogether iointly fit and case me VVhilst they to me old Romes antiquitie Discribe at large with graue authority Saying here Circus was and here did stand Forum Romanum and here on this hand Saburra stoode this Sacer 〈◊〉 was And now by Vestaes Temple you do passe Tell me I cannot any thing indite Nor of what subiect best shall please me write But I may counsaile haue and take aduise If any doubt doth in the Author rise That out of Latine Tuscan or of Greeke I may translate or any pleasure seeke Besides the number great thou maist me tell Of worthy ancient bookes which doe excell All which Pope Sistus through the world of late Did gather for the good of publick state Whilst this rare library each one may vse And what him list may from it cul and chuse Now when such proffers thou shalt make to me Of noble worth account and dignitie And yet this Iourney I refuse nere-lesse Thou then maist say that frenzy doth possesse My troubled braine and melancholy fits Hath brought distemperature vnto my wits But I instead of answering thee wil play As did Emillius once who forth did lay His foote vnto his friend saying you see How cleane my shoe is made how neate how curiously And yet for all this little dost thou know Where it doth wring me or doth gall my toe He takes me from my selfe that doth remoue My bodie from the natiue soile I loue For being absent thence I cannot liue Yea lay I in Ioues lap I yet should grieue And should I not be daily one of those Who for their morning walks wi●…h pleasure goes Betweene the Domo of Ferrara and Those famous statues which richly stand Of my two noble Marquesses then I Should die with greefe to want that liberty And leaner would my visage be then his Whose lips the water and the fruit doth kisse Yet hath no power either of both to taste But pines with hunger and away doth waste Francis the first French king that bare that name One day by fortune vnto Paris came And by a wealthy Burgesse feasted was Whose sumptuous cheare and bounty did surpasse Now whilst the King amongst his minions sate And merrily discour'st of euery state Each one began to tell some wondrous thing And mongst the rest one told vnto the king That at that time within the Cittie was An old man liuing who by gesse did passe The age of fourescore yeares yet nere was seene Out of the walles of Paris to haue beene The King admiring at this tale straight sent For this old man to come incontinent And of him did demand if true it was That he beyond those walles did neuer passe Or whether feare or loue became the cause Which his affections to such straitnes drawes The old man thus replide So please your grace I was borne bred and brought vp in this place And now I am fourescore and ten aboue In all which time my foot did neuer moue Out of the citties gates though men of worth Haue by intreaty sought to get me forth So that was not command but mine owne will Which in this towne hath thus confind me still Besides no motion in my minde hath moued From whence the countries sight should be beloued Well then replide the King since this long space Thou freely with thy friends hast held this place Henceforth I charge thee on the paine of death Thou not presum'st so long as thou hast breath To looke beyond these walles for I intend As thou hast liued so thou shalt make an end The poore old man who neuer long'd before To go out of the towne or out of dore As long as it was in his libertie Now that he saw he to the contrary Commanded was with a most strange desire To see the country he is set on fire But seeing by constraint he thus was tide Against his will for very greefe he dide Noble Pistophilo no such minde I hould At this old man did but I rather would Liue in Ferrara euer from my birth Then any forraine nation of the earth Yet should I be compeld to leaue that place And goe to Rome it would be lesse disgrace Then to continue in this hellish soile Where nothing is but trouble and turmoile But if my Lord intend me any fauour O let him call me home or send me rather Vnto Argento Bondena or where He can deuise so I may not liue here If needs I must be made a toiling beast I faine would haue my burthen with the least No packhorse but a foote cloath would I be For they but one man carie easily To serue the Duke my soule did neuer grudge Onely I greeue to be a common drudge But now if you demand the reason why I loue mine owne home thus exceedingly I will as willingly the same confesse As I my grieuous sins doe more or lesse Plainely discharge to my Confessors eares When at the shrift he all mine errours heares And yet I know that thus replie you can And say loe heere a perfit well stai'd man Of fourescore nine yeares at the least and yet Of youths worst loosnesse he must haue a fit So much to pleasure he his minde doth giue That without wantonesse he cannot liue But it is well for me that I can hide My selfe within this valley where I bide And that an hundred miles thy purer eie Cannot extend to see my vanity Or whether pale or red I chaunce to looke When with escapes I suddainly am tooke For then thou shouldst perceiue I blusht for shame Although my letter doe not shew the

same And thou wouldst thinke that neither old dame Amber Nor her young daughter good stuffe in a chamber For all their varnish looked halfe so red Or that old father Canon lately dead When he let fall amidst the market place A bottle full of wine with foule disgrace Which from a Frie●… he had but stolne before Besides which were about him found two more Were I but with thee now a while I doubt Thy loue would with my folly haue about And with a cudgell thou wouldst beat me well To heare these frantike reasons which I tell And do alleage to liue where as thou art For were I with thee I would neuer part But nature and my duty bids me serue My Prince and country as they do deserue Although there is another whom I would Rather attend on if get leaue I could Great Lord thou art a Courtier by thy place And maiest command for thou hast speciall grace The Dukes chieefe Secretary thou onely art And mak'st him blest that liues within thy hart Although thou little in thy stature be The great'st in Court are glad to crouch to thee And truly worthy art thou of thy place Since to all vertues thou dost giue all grace Wisely thou dost for better t' is the loue Of people then their hatred to approue Chiefly where Princes as their fancies range Their fauorites do often chop and change But yet for all these caps and bended knees Which done vnto thee of all sorts thou see 's Sir by your leaue for all your gallant glory You sometimes feele what makes you sad and sory Oft do you wish deny it if you can That you might liue like to a priuate man Courts haue their crosses kingly crownes their cares Who merriest liues best of all men fares Vnto no Embassie do me preferre But to my Mistresse I would go to her Intreat the Duke I may come home againe And that 's the boone I craue of all thy paine Let him but me vnto Ferrara call And thou shalt haue my thankes life soule and all FINIS To his Brother Mr. A. A. and his friend L. B. a Two famous Physitions belonging to Alphonzo Duke of Ferara the second of that name the last of which is said to haue beene borne with a greene palme in his hand and therefore was thought he would prooue an excellent Physitian as afterward he did b Hee compareth that part of Hungary where the Cardinall was vnto the cold Ryphean mountaines in Scythia which are euer couered ouer wit snow c This was Cardinall Hyp●…oes Cooke whom hee had with him into Hungary d This was one of the greatest landed men in Ferara whose father maried the base daughter of Borzo somtime Duke of that City by whom he had a mightie Masse of treasure e Ariosto by nature was very cholerick be moued for any small trifle as may appeare by the breaking of the Potters pots which is spoken of in the story of his life f He meaneth Orlando Farioso about which worke Ariosto spent almost 18 yeares taking his subiect out of Connt Boyardo Earle of Scandiane in Lumbardy who finisht 3. bookes of Orlando 〈◊〉 g This was a certaine office of no great value in Millain which the Cardinal bestowed vpon him h Two famous cities in Hungarie whereof the first now called Osen hath vnder the walles towards the north west side two fountaines or springs rūning out of a maine hill the one of which is passing cold and yet sauoureth of brimstone the other so hot that one cānot suffer his finger in it The other citie celled Agria was an Archbishopprick and the Cardinall Lord thereof where he staid during the papacie of Iulio the second whose furie he feated because he had delt so vnnaturally barbarously with his owne brother as is shewed before in the generall argument Both these townes now are subiect to the Turke i The Cardinall Hypolite was much incensed against Ariosto because he would not follow him into Hungarie as the rest of his men did k The house of Esta is said to haue descended frō Rogero that famous Palladine which belonged vnto Charles the great This Rogero is reported to come from the stock of Alexander the great his father was King of Riza not far from the mountaine of Carena and his mother was called faire Galacuella who was sister vnto Agramant King of Africk whose chiefe citie was Bizerta quite raced destroied by Charles the great his Palladines Rogero afterwards lost his life through the treason of that notable arch-traitor Gano falling into a wonderfull deepe pit wherein he with Gradasso king of Sericano who had maried Rogeroes sister Marsyza were most pitifully famished to death for which with other horrible treasons more Gano being after taken was torne in pe●…es with wild horses l Ariosto neither loued hūting hauking nor much riding for growing in yeares he became very corpulēt grose and vnwieldy m This was the Cardinals Steward meaning hee would not if he might haue his place although he fared very daintily for he was giuen by nature to feed meanly and grossely n Pope Iulio the second intending to make wartes vpon the Duke of Ferara whose brother the Cardinall Hypolito was Ariosto was chosen as a most fit man to go in ambassadge vnto him to pacifie his wrath which businesse he managed so well that he wan great reputation vpon his returne home againe yet the aforesaid Pope afterward falling out again with the Duke and euery man shunning the office of embassador vnto him knowing his furious angry nature Ariosto once more for the seruice of his Prince and the safety of his country did aduenter to take this hard enterprise in hand where he had like to haue lost his life but that he secretly got away This Pope Iulio was fitter to haue beene a Souldier then a Priest of whom it is said that hearing he had lost certaine of his army in the battel apparelled himselfe in compleat armor marching on the way as he came ouer Tyber he in a great rage threw the keies of Peter therein saying he would see if the sword of Paul would stand him in better steed o He alludeth a certaine signe in Rome where a man is painted waiting and attending on a Beare p Ariosto being of nature desirous to be quiet and to be his owne man had rather haue a small thing of his owne then to serue others inioy much for indeede his liuing was but small although he set a good face on the matter q Although Ariosto were his fathers eldest sonne yet he had 4 brethren more and fiue sisters therefore his l●…uing could not be but small considering his charge The names of his brethren were Charles Alexander Galasso and Gabriel cha●…es was a soldier was then in Hungarie with a friend of Ariostos a captaine called Cleanth●… who hauing the keeping of a castle there was driuen from it by the Turkes

Ariosto's SATYRES IN SEVEN FAMOVS DIScourses shewing the State 1 Of the Court and Courtiers 2 Of Libertie and the Clergie in generall 3 Of the Romane Clergie 4 Of Marriage 5 Of Soldiers Musitians and Louers 6 Of Schoolmastrs and Scholers 7 Of Honour and the happiest Life In English by Garuis Markham LABORE ET CONSTANTIA LONDON Printed by Nicholas Okes for Roger Iackson dwelling in Fleet-street neere the great Conduit 1608. To the Reader GEntle Reader the vertuous with their owne hauing alwaies regard to an others good do painfully bestow houres daies and yeares to make that easie to others which they with great labour haue obtained in their places vsing all meanes to reclaime all persons from all manner vices and to furnish them with such gifts of grace as make the possessors all iointly happy From the man of experience which hath learning and wisedome thou mayest bee sure to receiue good instruction I know my selfe vnable to giue the Author of this booke his due commendation if I were and did yet should I seeme to some to flatter to others not to haue sayd inough wherefore for thy contentment let this suffice thee the author had his education with the learned his liuing among the greatest concourse of people and his life vnreproueable For his gifts the world hath already had sufficient experience in that famous worke of Orlando Furioso Whosoeuer thou art I dare assure thee thou mayest in this discourse as in a glasse see thy present estate and so not misse to iudge rightly of thy end In reading thou shalt finde pleasure both in the matter and forme by considerng thou shalt be able to instruct thy selfe and others but by practising as thou ought thou shalt find setled happinesse Let the example of others be thy instruction to flie that euill which hath bin their ouerthrow and to embrace that good which was their aduancement Be thankful first to God then to the author and lastly to thy Country-man who for thy sake without any other recompence hath taken the paines in most exquisite manner to be thy interpreter Vale. The argument of the whole worke and the reasons why Lodouico Ariosto writ these Seauen Satyres THE reasons why Master Lodouico Ariosto writ these seauen Satyres so much renowned and esteemed amongst all the Italians were grounded vpon these fiue principles or discontentments First the Poet being giuen wholly vnto his booke and study was in the twentieth year of his age at what time he began to write his Oriando Furioso entertained into the seruice of Don Hypolito Cardinall of Esta a greate fauourer of learning and good wits where he continued certaine yeares at his study being imployed by his Lord in many matters of greate importance vntill this strange accident hapned which was the first occasion why he fell into disgrace with his Lord and master and this it was The Cardinall Hypolito Master vnto Ariosto falling in loue with a young Lady his kinswoman who for her owne part was no lesse in amored of Don Iulio the naturall brother vnto the Cardinall she confessed vnto him that the only thing which occasioned her aboue all other to affect his brother was the sweet aspect and beauty of his eies vpon which the Cardinall grew into so great a hatred against his owne brother that by iealousie turning his loue into too violent fury he set espialls ouer Don Iulio when he should goe out of the towne on hunting and set vpon him with a company of villaines whome the Cardinall commanded in his owne presence to thrust out the eyes of his brother because they onely were the choyce companions of his loue an acte no lesse infamous to the Cardinall then intollerable to all humane gouernement Whereupon the Cardinall to escape all punishment that might happen to be inflicted vpon him hee presently fledde to Agria a Citty in Hungary whereof he was Archbishop liued there vntill the death of Iulio the second then Pope of Rome to auoyde his fury who was much incensed against him And because Ariosto would not followe him thither as other of his seruants in his ranke did he tooke it maruellously ill at his hands and casting him from fauour vpon so sleight an occasion gaue the Poet a ground for his inuention The second cause of his discontentment was that he being of very familiar and inward acquaintance with the Medices of Florence of which family two were Popes in his time the one Leo the tenth the other Clement the seuenth both which he followed in good will and stood them in greate stead as well when they were banished their country as when they liued as priuate men in their owne citty but when he sawe his expectation was deceiued and that he found them not so ready to requite his seruice as himselfe imagined he had and that rightly deserued he gaue them ouer quickly and left the Romane Court retyring himselfe to liue priuatly in Florence For aboue all things he loued not to daunce long attendance at the Court for any preferment neither would he be bound longer then he pleased vnto any man although hee might haue had neuer so much he prizing his liberty at so high a rate as he esteemed the same more then the best Cardinals hat in Rome as himselfe in his second Satyre affirmeth more plainly The third cause which made him passionate was this his father dying left him a greate charge and very little liuing there being fiue brothers of them and as many sisters besides his old mother all which lay vpon his hands to prouide for them which was no small corsiue vnto him to be troubled with so many worldly businesses he beeing giuen by nature to ease and to sit quietly at his booke and this greeued him so much as oftentimes he was giuing ouer his study cleane meaning to follow the world another while had it not beene that he was perswaded to the contrary by a gentleman a d●…are friend and kinsman of his whom he dearely loued called Pandolfo Ariosto whose death afterward he very much lamented The fourth cause of discontentment was he was much galled with the loue of women whereunto he was a little too much giuen it being a veniall sinne amongst the Italians yet is he the rather to be pardoned in that he often confesseth his fault and sheweth himselfe to be sorry for the same wishing that he could haue amended it and also because he deuoted himselfe vnto the seruice of such as were honorable as was that most faire and vertuous widow descended of the noble family of the Lapi in Florence as hee himself testifieth in one of his Canzons in which he celebrateth the beauties and honors of his Mistrisse setting downe therein the time when and the place where he first was inamored of her which was in Florence in the yeare 1513. vpon Saint Iohn Baptist day in Iune at what time the Florentines vnder the conduct of their chiefe Captaynes Iulian and Peter di Medices

morning they come into their masters hall where they haue certaine equall allowance of bread and wine which God knowes is but course and small euery one seuerally to him●…lfe and that is all he shall haue for that day a Some great estates there are in Italie as Barrons and Bishops that keepe a table for their followers but their cheare with their bread and wine is so bad as it doth them little good and the rather because they can neuer eat their bellies full for the steward sitting at the table assoone as euer he holdeth vp his white staffe which is the signe of his office straight the cloth is taken vp they are forct to rise frō the board when oftētimes they haue not halfe eaten what would satisfie nature this is the cause instead of saying grace that they fall a cursing when they leaue the ●…able b The Swizzers or Muffes are those people which the antient Historiographers as Cesar others call Heluetians they haue their habitations in the most high hils of ●…ura named S. Claude they are a race of men naturally warlik rude for the sterrillitie of their country more giuen to grasing then to tillage They are free of thēselues sometimes they were vnder the Duke of Austria now are subiect vnto no Prince but liue of themselues They are diuided into thirteene cōminalties called Cautons wil be hired of any Prince for money to fight in their warres be it right or wrong they neuer respect the same so they be well paid and haue their pay truely The Tale. a This Hanibal Mallaguzo was a noble man of Regio a City in Lumbardy belonging vnto the Dukedome of F●…rara and kinsman vnto Ariosto whose mother was of that house Written to the Lord Hanibal M. b After the death of Cardinall Hypolito Alphonso Duke of Fera●…a allured Ariosto by all the meanes he could vnto his court vsing him more like a companion then a seruant offring him diuers offices of preferme●… to allure him to serue in ordinarie which with much ado he was content to do which he did rather for his countries sake by reason of the loue he bare vnto the place where he was borne then for any great gaine he got by following of him as he himselfe setteth downe in his Satyre c Meaning that hee is discontented as much with following the Duke as he was with belonging vnto the Cardinall his first Lord master d Regio is a City as I said before subiect vnto Ferara it was first built by Marcus Lepi●…us one of the Triumuerats of Rome e Meaning he was but poore considering the great charge he had for the Astronomers hold opinion that he which is borne vnder that ●…aner shall be very rich and wealthy f This was Le●… the 〈◊〉 a Horentine born of the house of Medices and was of familiar acquaintance with Ariosto g Iulian di Me●…dices and Peter were breth●…en to Pope Leo the 10. who made the for●…aid Iulian Duke of Nemours maried him to the Lady Philibert of Sauoy aunt to Francis the French King the first of that name This man before his brother was Pope being banished with the rest of thier family out of Flor●…ce were entertained with great kindnes by Frācesco Maria duke of Vebin who in their exile did thē al the honors that might be notwithstāding al which curtesies Leo cōing to be Pope most vnki●…dly draue the aforsaid duke out of his coūtry at the perswasiōs of Alphonsina mother to his Nephew Laurence on whō he bestowed the dukedom who did cōtinue in the same vntil Adrian the 6. that succeeded Leo expulsed him restored Prācesco Maria the true owner to the estate again who enioyed it vntil he died being the space of 〈◊〉 yeares in so great reputation that all the Princes of Italy both loued honored him to many of which he was entertained as General in their wars but he was so great a builder so liberal to his Souldiers that when he died he left no money behind him h ●…embo was borne in a Castel in Lumbardy called Arralano he was an excellent Poet Orator he was Secretary to Pope Leo the 10. and at last was created Cardinal he died in Pad●…a his monument being in S. Francisses Church in the City where hee lieth buried by Castilian he meaneth Count Balthasar Castilian who made that excellent peece of worke called the Courtier i The Medicy hauing gotten the Emperours army who then was in Italy to repose them in Florence and to cal them home into their City againe diuers of the Citizens were against it especially Peter S●…derine who wa●… then Gon●…er which was the chiefe officer of that City but in the end they were inforced to admit them and the aforesaide Peter glad to leaue his authority and hardly escaped with life from out the palace at what time not long after what by faire meanes of Leo the tenth their kinsman and afterwards by fauour of Charles the fift they seazed vpon the whole estate and after got to be absolute Princes thereof as at this day they are A tale k These are noble families in Florence which were great friends to the Medices l The country of Cassentine amidst the which ●…eth the riuer Arno it is a territory narrowe barraine and full of hils seated at the foote of the Appenine moūtaines of which Bib●…na is the cheefe towne this the Medici went about to surprise when they were Banditi banished from their country but beeing repulst by the Florentines army which then kept them out they escaped from ●…hence not without great danger of losing their liues The cheefe captaine of this company was this Peter brother to Pope Leo who afterward was most vnfortunately drowned as he was going towards Cai●…a not farre from Naples He was elder brother to Pope Le●… and Iulian di Medices which three were sonnes to that famous Laurence di Medices of whom Guychardine in the beginning of his historie maketh most honourable mention of Cosimo the great being their great grandfather who was a citizen of fingular wisedome and of infinite wealth m Brandine is the surname of a rich fam●…lie in Florence whose cheefe wealth consisteth in money and who lent great store of coine vnto the Medices when they were in want n Ariosto sheweth himselfe to be of a good nature which tooke so thankfully so small a reward considering how much he had deserued at the Medices hāds A tale o Vnder this name he taxeth some notorious wicked man that grew rich through villanie p This is also a shadowed name whereby hee biteth at some others of as bad faults as may be A ta●…e q Ari●…o was somewhat variable in his desires and a litle humourous withall and therefore would hardly be bound or tied to any thing longer then himselfe listed a Ariosto being not giuen to mary his kinsman the Lord Hanibal was loth to make him priuy to