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city_n great_a king_n time_n 14,389 5 3.4431 3 false
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A54620 The political anatomy of Ireland with the establishment for that kingdom when the late Duke of Ormond was Lord Lieutenant ... : to which is added Verbum sapienti, or, An account of the wealth and expences of England, and the method of raising taxes in the most equal manner ... / by Sir William Petty ... Petty, William, Sir, 1623-1687.; Tate, Nahum, 1652-1715. 1691 (1691) Wing P1931; ESTC R4596 80,138 248

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part_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o late_a rebellion_n do_v not_o sit_v in_o parliament_n by_o about_o 3000_o freeholder_n and_o the_o member_n of_o about_o 100_o corporation_n the_o university_n at_o dublin_n reckon_v for_o one_o represent_v in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o by_o about_o 270_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n the_o parliament_n so_o constitute_v have_v a_o negative_a upon_o any_o law_n that_o the_o lord_n lieutenant_n and_o council_n shall_v offer_v to_o the_o king_n and_o which_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n in_o england_n shall_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n remit_v to_o the_o say_a parliament_n the_o sheriff_n of_o county_n and_o of_o city_n and_o county_n in_o ireland_n be_v 40_o final_o appoint_v by_o the_o lord_n lieutenant_n each_o of_o which_o have_v about_o ten_o bailiff_n the_o chief_a governor_n call_v sometime_o lord-lieutenant_n sometime_o lord-deputy_n sometime_o lord_n justice_n with_o a_o council_n at_o this_o time_n consist_v of_o about_o 50_o member_n do_v govern_v in_o all_o matter_n belong_v to_o the_o peace_n prerogative_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v five_o court_n viz._n a_o chancery_n consist_v of_o a_o lord-chancellor_n master_n of_o the_o roll_n and_o two_o three_o or_o four_o sallariate_v master_n of_o chancery_n the_o king's-bench_n of_o a_o lord-chief-justice_n and_o two_o other_o judge_n the_o common-plea_n of_o the_o like_a the_o exchequer_n of_o a_o lord-chief-baron_n and_o two_o other_o baron_n with_o the_o treasurer_n and_o chancellor_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o a_o prerogative_n whereof_o the_o primate_n of_o armagh_n be_v judge_n there_o be_v also_o a_o palatinate-courtih_a tipperary_n whereof_o the_o duke_n of_o ormond_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o liberty_n and_o regality_n to_o it_o belong_v there_o be_v also_o a_o court_n of_o admiralty_n every_o bishop_n have_v also_o two_o court_n and_o there_o have_v be_v former_o and_o late_o but_o now_o an._n 1672._o suspend_v a_o presidency_n of_o munster_n and_o another_o of_o connaght_n who_o meddle_v not_o with_o life_n or_o limb_n nor_o title_n of_o land_n there_o be_v also_o a_o court_n marshal_n for_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o army_n who_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n often_o transmit_v accuse_v person_n to_o the_o civil-power_n to_o all_o these_o court_n do_v belong_v officer_n councillor_n of_o law_n whereof_o i_o reckon_v be_v of_o the_o first_o classis_fw-la gain_v by_o estimation_n about_o 600_o l._n per_fw-la ann._n each_o of_o the_o 2d_o gain_v about_o 300_o l._n per_fw-la ann._n and_o of_o the_o 3d_o gain_v not_o above_o 100_o l._n per_fw-la ann._n there_o be_v also_o swear_v attorney_n gain_v about_o 120_o l._n per_fw-la ann._n one_o with_o another_o there_o be_v in_o ireland_n about_o 950_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n appoint_v by_o the_o lord-chancellor_n a_o head-constable_n for_o each_o barony_n or_o hundred_o be_v 252_o and_o a_o petty_a constable_n for_o each_o parish_n whereof_o be_v about_o 2278._o the_o ecclesiastical_a government_n be_v by_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n arch-deacon_n dean_n of_o cathedral-churche_n in_o all_o which_o there_o be_v now_o actual_o but_o one_o choir_n entire_a and_o that_o in_o dublin_n serve_v both_o at_o christ-church_n and_o st._n patrick_n and_o the_o parson_n vicar_n and_o curate_n for_o the_o protestant-religion_n be_v in_o all_o ireland_n at_o this_o day_n near_o 500_o and_o about_o half_a the_o tithe_n be_v impropriate_a and_o belong_v to_o layman_n this_o be_v the_o state_n of_o the_o external_n and_o apparent_a government_n of_o ireland_n so_o far_o as_o it_o concern_v the_o number_n and_o species_n of_o person_n manage_v the_o same_o but_o the_o internal_a and_o mystical_a government_n of_o ireland_n be_v thus_o viz._n 1._o there_o be_v always_o about_o twenty_o gentleman_n of_o the_o irish_a nation_n and_o popish-religion_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o family_n good_a part_n courtly_a education_n and_o carriage_n be_v support_v by_o the_o irish_a to_o negotiate_v their_o concernment_n at_o the_o court_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o viceroy_n in_o ireland_n these_o man_n raise_v their_o contribution_n by_o the_o priest_n who_o actual_o and_o immediate_o govern_v the_o people_n the_o priest_n be_v govern_v by_o at_o least_o 24_o romish_a bishop_n all_o of_o who_o have_v a_o long_a time_n be_v conversant_a in_o france_n spain_n italy_n germany_n england_n whereas_o chaplain_n and_o almoner_n etc._n etc._n they_o have_v make_v a_o interest_n with_o the_o govern_n man_n and_o minister_n of_o state_n in_o those_o several_a kingdom_n and_o have_v obtain_v some_o benefit_n and_o preferment_n from_o they_o so_o as_o the_o body_n of_o the_o irish-papist's_a be_v about_o 800_o m._n whereof_o near_o 700_o m._n do_v live_v in_o wretched_a cabin_n without_o chimney_n or_o window_n be_v govern_v by_o about_o 1000_o secular_a priest_n and_o 2500_o friar_n and_o regulars_n of_o several_a order_n whereof_o most_o be_v franciscan_n next_o dominican_n and_o augustins_n but_o few_o capuchin_n and_o jesuit_n or_o carthusian_n these_o i_o say_v be_v govern_v by_o their_o respective_a bishop_n and_o superior_n who_o the_o minister_n of_o foreign_a state_n do_v also_o govern_v and_o direct_v so_o as_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n the_o irish_a who_o be_v the_o bulk_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v govern_v indirect_o by_o foreign_a power_n and_o so_o be_v the_o aforenamed_a lay-patriot_n their_o support_n come_v from_o the_o clergy_n constitute_v as_o aforesaid_a and_o who_o do_v notorious_o exercise_v their_o spiritual_a jurisdiction_n in_o ireland_n and_o do_v also_o exert_v a_o temporal_a power_n by_o prevail_v with_o papist_n justice_n of_o the_o peace_n to_o send_v such_o to_o gaol_n as_o be_v disobedient_a to_o the_o clergy_n upon_o feign_a or_o frivolous_a complaint_n which_o they_o cause_v to_o be_v bring_v against_o they_o the_o judge_n aforenamed_a all_o but_o the_o chancellor_n go_v circuit_n whereof_o there_o be_v five_o twice_o every_o year_n except_v only_o the_o one_o county_n of_o kerry_n there_o be_v a_o university_n at_o dublin_n but_o lie_v for_o the_o most_o part_n within_o one_o college_n wherein_o be_v a_o provost_n and_o seven_o senior_n and_o ruling_n fellow_n nine_o junior_a fellow_n sixty_o sch_n lars_fw-la and_o at_o this_o time_n commoners_z and_o other_o student_n there_o be_v about_o the_o year_n 1669_o erect_v a_o college_n of_o physician_n consist_v of_o a_o precedent_n and_o 13_o fellow_n there_o be_v belong_v to_o the_o prerogative_n arch-deacon_n court_n court-martial_a and_o admiralty-court_n not_o above_o to_o advocate_n and_o 30_o proctor_n there_o be_v in_o the_o city_n of_o dublin_n a_o lord-mayor_n 2_o sheriff_n 24_o alderman_n 48_o sheriff_n peer_n and_o 96_o of_o the_o common-council_n there_o be_v beside_o company_n or_o corporation_n of_o tradesman_n there_o be_v late_o institute_v a_o hospital_n for_o poor_a child_n not_o yet_o full_o perfect_v nor_o endow_v there_o be_v also_o a_o hospital_n for_o sick_a lame_a and_o old_a soldier_n but_o without_o endowment_n and_o stand_v but_o at_o discretion_n and_o pleasure_n there_o be_v in_o and_o near_a dublin_n three_o public_a prison_n and_o one_o house_n of_o correction_n last_o i_o must_v intimate_v that_o the_o footmanship_n for_o which_o the_o irish_a 40_o year_n ago_o be_v very_o famous_a be_v now_o almost_o quite_o lose_v among_o they_o every_o man_n now_o keep_v a_o small_a garran_n to_o ride_v on_o unless_o in_o such_o rocky_a and_o craggy_a place_n where_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o go_v a_o foot_n than_o to_o ride_v of_o the_o militia_n and_o defence_n of_o ireland_n there_o be_v in_o ireland_n as_o elsewhere_o two_o militias_n one_o be_v the_o justice_n of_o peace_n their_o militia_n of_o high_a and_o petty_a constable_n as_o also_o the_o sheriff_n militia_n of_o his_o servant_n and_o bailiff_n and_o posse_fw-la comitatus_fw-la upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n of_o these_o all_o together_o there_o be_v in_o ireland_n near_o 3000_o all_o of_o which_o be_v bind_v within_o their_o several_a district_n there_o to_o act_v and_o not_o elsewhere_o there_o be_v or_o have_v late_o be_v a_o army_n in_o ireland_n of_o about_o thirty_o troop_n of_o horse_n and_o sixty_o company_n of_o foot_n with_o a_o regiment_n of_o guard_n at_o dublin_n as_o a_o lifeguard_n for_o the_o lord_n lieutenant_n make_v in_o all_o about_o five_o thousand_o men._n there_o be_v also_o a_o protestant_a militia_n of_o about_o 24000_o man_n viz._n about_o ten_o thousand_o horse_n and_o the_o rest_n foot_n the_o people_n of_o ireland_n be_v all_o in_o faction_n and_o party_n call_v english_a and_o irish_a protestant_n and_o papist_n though_o indeed_o the_o real_a distinction_n be_v vest_v and_o devest_v of_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o papist_n ann._n 1641._o of_o which_o the_o irish_a that_o be_v vest_v by_o restoration_n seem_v rather_o to_o take_v part_n with_o the_o devest_v and_o the_o chief_a pique_n which_o the_o popish-clergy_n have_v at_o the_o protestant_n be_v
be_v 7½_n million_o of_o acre_n of_o good_a meadow_n arable_a and_o pasture-land_n in_o ireland_n beside_o bog_n with_o shrub-wood_n etc._n etc._n common_o call_v unprofitable_a land_n and_o for_o that_o ½_o a_o million_o supply_n the_o inhabitant_n with_o corn_n for_o bread_n and_o drink_n man_n and_o beast_n hemp_n flax_n and_o rape_n as_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o show_v from_o the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n their_o manner_n of_o eat_v from_o the_o number_n of_o mill_n and_o from_o the_o value_n of_o the_o tithe_n etc._n etc._n suppose_v the_o other_o 7_o million_o to_o be_v competent_o well_o stock_v let_v we_o first_o see_v how_o many_o house_n there_o may_v probable_o be_v to_o which_o purpose_n remember_v that_o there_o be_v 184_o m._n family_n who_o house_n have_v but_o one_o or_o no_o chimney_n now_o i_o guess_v that_o about_o ●_o of_o this_o number_n keep_v a_o small_a horse_n call_v a_o garran_n which_o be_v 61,000_o garran_n for_o tillage_n and_o i_o suppose_v that_o the_o 16,000_o family_n have_v for_o the_o coach_n and_o saddle_n near_o 4●_n m._n horse_n so_o as_o in_o ireland_n there_o be_v about_o 100_o m._n horse_n who_o food_n require_v 100_o m._n acre_n of_o good_a pasture_n 50_o m._n acre_n of_o meadow_n and_o the_o ⅙_n of_o a_o acre_n of_o oatland_n viz._n about_o 16,000_o acre_n in_o all_o 166_o m._n acre_n or_o if_o the_o horse_n be_v such_o as_o require_v little_a or_o no_o hay_n and_o oat_n as_o the_o horse_n of_o poor_a people_n do_v not_o then_o as_o aforesaid_a 2_o or_o 2d_o acre_n be_v allow_v to_o each_o horse_n the_o wool_n which_o be_v usual_o export_v be_v a_o little_a above_o 2_o million_o of_o pound_n grow_v upon_o 1000_o m._n sheep_n and_o the_o wool_n which_o clothes_v the_o nation_n be_v about_o 1100_o m._n body_n at_o l._n each_o for_o clothes_n hat_n and_o stocking_n require_v 6000_o m._n more_o and_o so_o 3_o million_o more_o of_o sheep_n in_o all_o 4_o million_o the_o feed_v whereof_o at_o 5_o to_o a_o acre_n require_v 800_o m._n acre_n so_o as_o horse_n and_o sheep_n require_v one_o million_o of_o acre_n so_o as_o there_o remain_v ½_o a_o million_o be_v allow_v for_o all_o other_o cattle_n beast_n and_o vermin_n 5½_n million_o for_o great_a cattle_n which_o will_v feed_v about_o 3_o million_o of_o that_o species_n if_o there_o be_v 3_o million_o of_o black_a cattle_n there_o be_v 1500_o m._n of_o male_n viz._n 25_o m._n bull_n 700_o m._n under_o 3_o year_n old_a 600_o between_o 3_o and_o 6.175_o above_o 6._o of_o female_n 1500_o m._n whereof_o ⅕_n be_v milchcow_n viz._n 600_o m._n 600_o m._n calf_n and_o heifer_n under_o 3_o and_o 300_o of_o other_o sort_n where_o note_n that_o of_o all_o the_o black-cattel_n abovenamed_a there_o be_v 60_o m._n export_v alive_a and_o 30_o m._n dead_a in_o barrel_n of_o the_o sheep_n not_o 100_o m._n of_o butter_n whereof_o one_o of_o the_o 600_o m._n milch-cow_n may_v well_o yield_v 1_o c._n weight_n per_fw-la ann._n but_o 26000_o c_o or_o the_o proceed_v of_o 26000_o cow_n from_o whence_o may_v be_v see_v whether_o the_o trade_n of_o those_o commodity_n be_v yet_o at_o best_a for_o i_o guess_v that_o the_o ⅙_n of_o the_o whole_a stock_n may_v be_v annual_o spend_v at_o home_n or_o export_v abroad_o it_o remain_v only_o to_o say_v that_o one_o irish_a acre_n of_o irish_a land_n require_v of_o seed_n and_o return_v as_o follow_v seed_n  _fw-fr wheat_n 4_o bushel_n and_o produce_v 16_o to_o 36._o rye_n 4_o 20_o to_o 40._o bean-bar_o 6_o 20_o to_o 48_o oat_n 6_o 16_o to_o 32_o barley_n 4_o 20_o to_o 40_o pease_n 4_o 12_o to_o 18_o one_o horse_n blow_v 10_o acre_n and_o there_o go_v 1_o man_n to_o 3_o horse_n of_o the_o proportion_n in_o value_n which_o the_o several_a county_n in_o ireland_n do_v bear_v to_o each_o other_o viz._n the_o value_n or_o proportion_n of_o the_o several_a county_n in_o ireland_n do_v seem_v much_o to_o depend_v upon_o the_o number_n of_o acre_n which_o each_o do_v contain_v and_o therefore_o and_o for_o several_a other_o reason_n most_o of_o the_o land_n of_o ireland_n have_v bodily_a within_o these_o last_o 10_o year_n be_v admeasured_a by_o the_o chain_n and_o instrument_n viz._n the_o king_n and_o queen_n county_n about_o the_o year_n 1630._o the_o county_n of_o londonderry_n when_o the_o city_n of_o london_n undertake_v the_o plantation_n by_o one_o mr._n raven_n connought_n and_o tipperary_n in_o the_o earl_n of_o strafford_n time_n by_o several_a hand_n sometime_o conduct_v by_o mr._n william_n gilbert_n the_o land_n belong_v to_o papist_n ann._n 1641._o in_o the_o three_o province_n of_o munster_n lemster_n and_o ulster_n by_o sir_n william_n petty_n other_o protestant_a land_n in_o the_o same_o three_o province_n in_o order_n to_o regulate_v contribution_n by_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o say_a land_n themselves_o but_o in_o so_o divide_v and_o separate_v a_o manner_n that_o little_a account_n can_v be_v give_v of_o they_o beside_o what_o be_v collect_v by_o the_o say_a sir_n william_n petty_a who_o at_o his_o own_o charge_n beside_o those_o map_n of_o every_o parish_n which_o by_o his_o agreement_n he_o deliver_v into_o the_o surveyor-general's_a office_n he_o have_v cause_v distinct_a map_n to_o be_v make_v of_o every_o barony_n or_o hundred_o as_o also_o of_o every_o county_n engrave_v in_o copper_n and_o the_o like_a of_o every_o province_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n all_o which_o can_v the_o defect_n of_o they_o be_v supply_v with_o the_o yet_o unmeasured_a land_n will_v be_v expose_v to_o public_a view_n now_o as_o to_o the_o value_n of_o these_o land_n they_o be_v ann._n 1642._o rate_v to_o and_o by_o the_o adventurer_n as_o follow_v viz._n in_o lemster_n at_o 12_o s._n per_fw-la acre_n in_o munster_n at_o 9_o s._n in_o connaught_n at_o 6_o s._n and_o in_o ulster_n at_o 4_o s._n and_o to_o pay_v 1_o farthing_n per_fw-la ann._n quitrent_n to_o the_o king_n out_o of_o each_o shillings-worth_n of_o land_n so_o rate_v viz._n 3_o d._n or_o 12_o farthing_n for_o a_o acre_n in_o lemster_n rate_v at_o 12._o s._n 9_o q._n or_o 2¼_n a_o acre_n for_o land_n in_o munster_n rate_v at_o 9_o s._n &_o sic_fw-la de_fw-la caeteris_fw-la wood_n bog_n and_o mountain_n to_o be_v cast_v in_o over_o and_o above_o afterward_o the_o soldier_n who_o be_v to_o have_v the_o satisfaction_n of_o their_o arrear_n at_o the_o same_o rate_n not_o be_v willing_a to_o cast_v lot_n upon_o such_o desperate_a hazard_n do_v ann._n 1653._o equalise_v county_n within_o each_o province_n viz._n take_v some_o in_o lemster_n at_o 1_o l._n 2_o s._n per_fw-la acre_n some_o at_o 1_o l._n etc._n etc._n and_o those_o who_o be_v satisfy_v ann._n 1655._o and_o afterward_o do_v equalise_v not_o only_a county_n but_o barony_n also_o value_v some_o barony_n in_o lemster_n at_o 1_o l._n 4_o s._n per_fw-la acre_n and_o some_o but_o at_o 6_o s._n and_o other_o at_o all_o rate_n between_o these_o two_o extreme_n but_o so_o as_o that_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o say_a difference_n the_o whole_a province_n shall_v be_v give_v and_o take_v at_o 12_o s._n per_fw-la acre_n according_a to_o the_o then_o law_n and_o the_o inequality_n remain_v after_o this_o equalization_n be_v to_o be_v correct_v by_o a_o lot_n i_o can_v here_o insert_v all_o the_o particular_n of_o these_o transaction_n but_o conceive_v it_o impertinent_a to_o my_o purpose_n especial_o since_o they_o may_v be_v see_v upon_o record_n the_o next_o and_o best_a of_o all_o precede_a equalization_n be_v that_o which_o the_o concernee_n of_o each_o county_n make_v in_o order_n to_o regulate_v the_o heavy_a contribution_n pay_v to_o the_o usurper_n before_o his_o majesty_n restoration_n and_o when_o no_o quitrent_n be_v yet_o due_a and_o in_o order_n to_o this_o work_n not_o barony_n as_o before_o but_o parish_n nay_o particular_a farm_n be_v also_o equalise_v what_o be_v do_v herein_o be_v not_o public_o record_v but_o collect_v by_o the_o curious_a and_o too_o bulky_a to_o be_v here_o insert_v only_o take_v notice_n that_o these_o valuation_n be_v make_v as_o party_n interest_v can_v prevail_v upon_o and_o against_o one_o another_o by_o their_o attendance_n friend_n eloquence_n and_o vehemence_n for_o what_o other_o foundation_n of_o truth_n it_o have_v in_o nature_n i_o know_v not_o next_o to_o this_o valuation_n there_o be_v in_o order_n to_o a_o certain_a gift_n present_v to_o his_o majesty_n by_o the_o adventurer_n and_o soldier_n of_o a_o year_n value_v of_o all_o their_o land_n as_o it_o yield_v ann._n 1659._o next_o immediate_o before_o his_o restoration_n there_o issue_v a_o commission_n ann._n 1663._o to_o inquire_v and_o settle_v the_o say_v value_v and_o about_o 1667._o there_o be_v make_v two_o several_a valuation_n more_o