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city_n great_a king_n time_n 14,389 5 3.4431 3 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A54612 A discourse of taxes and contributions shewing the nature and measures of crown-lands, assessments, customs, poll-moneys, lotteries, benevolence, penalties, monopolies, offices, tythes, hearth, excise, &c. : with several intersperst discourses and digressions concerning wars, the church, universities, rents and purchases ... : the same being frequently applied to the state and affairs of Ireland, and is now thought seasonable for the present affairs of England : humbly recommended to the present Parliament. Petty, William, Sir, 1623-1687. 1689 (1689) Wing P1920; ESTC R20953 59,806 88

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thrive_a man_n be_v concern_v the_o profuseness_n of_o their_o child_n for_o as_o they_o take_v pleasure_n to_o get_v even_o what_o they_o believe_v will_v be_v afterward_o piss_v against_o the_o wall_n so_o do_v i_o to_o write_v what_o i_o suspect_v will_v signify_v nothing_o wherefore_o the_o race_n be_v not_o to_o the_o swift_a etc._n etc._n but_o time_n and_o chance_n happen_v to_o all_o man_n i_o leave_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o whole_a to_o the_o candid_a of_o who_o correction_n i_o shall_v never_o be_v impatient_a the_o index_n a_fw-la enumeration_n and_o description_n of_o the_o several_a branch_n of_o the_o public_a charge_n page_z 1_o the_o maintenance_n of_o governor_n ought_v to_o be_v in_o great_a splendour_n than_o private_a calling_n can_v reach_v to_o ibidem_fw-la the_o honour_n of_o be_v trust_v and_o the_o pleasure_n of_o be_v fear_v be_v reward_n enough_o for_o some_o office_n p._n 2._o the_o pastorage_n of_o soul_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o public_a charge_n even_o upon_o a_o civil_a account_n ibid._n the_o use_n of_o school_n and_o university_n as_o they_o be_v a_o public_a charge_n p._n 3_o the_o common_a and_o general_a cause_n which_o increase_n and_o aggravate_v the_o burden_n of_o pay_v tax_n ibid._n the_o cause_n that_o excite_v foreign_a and_o offensive_a war_n p._n 4_o the_o cause_n of_o defensive_a and_o civil_a war_n p._n 5_o a_o cause_n of_o unnecessary_a ecclesiastical_a charge_n be_v the_o not_o size_v of_o parish_n according_a to_o the_o alteration_n which_o have_v be_v in_o religion_n and_o trade_n p._n 6_o that_o five_o thousand_o parish_n be_v enough_o for_o england_n and_o wales_n so_o as_o to_o give_v unto_o each_o but_o a_o thousand_o parishioner_n and_o so_o as_o that_o none_o need_v go_v two_o mile_n to_o church_n ibid._n antiquate_a office_n and_o overgrow_v fee_n a_o cause_n of_o unnecessary_a charge_n in_o the_o government_n and_o administration_n of_o justice_n p._n 8_o register_n for_o conveyance_n of_o land_n and_o depository_n for_o movable_a pawn_n as_o also_o bank_n of_o money_n will_v lessen_v the_o charge_n of_o lawsuit_n and_o write_n p._n 9_o how_o the_o number_n of_o such_o as_o relate_v to_o the_o faculty_n of_o medicine_n may_v be_v adjust_v ibid._n how_o the_o number_n of_o student_n in_o the_o university_n intend_v to_o make_v learn_v the_o way_n of_o their_o livelihood_n may_v be_v adjust_v p._n 10_o a_o use_v propound_v for_o the_o choice_a parish-children_n and_o foundling_n to_o force_v on_o a_o useful_a work_n which_o have_v hitherto_o be_v but_o perfunctory_o pursue_v ibid._n that_o the_o number_n of_o unnecessary_a merchant_n and_o retailer_n be_v retrench_v ibid._n the_o careful_a maintenance_n and_o education_n of_o expose_v child_n and_o conceal_v their_o name_n and_o family_n be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n p._n 11_o a_o proposal_n of_o several_a employment_n for_o beggar_n and_o such_o as_o have_v now_o no_o work._n ibid._n great_a work_n of_o labour_n though_o in_o themselves_o unnecessary_a be_v nevertheless_o of_o advantage_n to_o the_o public_a p._n 12_o the_o mend_n of_o highway_n build_v bridge_n and_o causeys_n and_o the_o make_n of_o river_n navigable_a in_o england_n will_v make_v english_a horse_n a_o exportable_a commodity_n and_o help_v to_o vend_n the_o commodity_n of_o ireland_n p._n 13_o the_o cause_n of_o unquiet_a bear_n of_o tax_n viz._n ibid._n first_o that_o the_o sovereign_n exact_v too_o much_o p._n 14_o second_o that_o assessment_n be_v unequal_o lay_v ibid._n three_o that_o the_o money_n levy_v be_v vain_o expend_v ibid._n four_o or_o give_v to_o favourite_n p._n 15_o five_o ignorance_n of_o the_o number_n trade_n and_o wealth_n of_o the_o people_n ibid._n six_o obsourity_n about_o the_o right_n of_o impose_v p._n 16_o seven_o fewness_n of_o people_n ibid_fw-la eighthly_a scarcity_n of_o money_n and_o confusion_n of_o coin_n ibid._n nine_o that_o scarce_o a_o hundred_o part_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v coin_v bullion_n ibid._n ten_o the_o non-acceptance_n of_o some_o commodity_n in_o specie_fw-la in_o discharge_v of_o tax_n ibid._n the_o consequence_n of_o a_o tax_n too_o heavy_a if_o there_o be_v too_o much_o money_n in_o a_o nation_n which_o may_v be_v or_o if_o there_o be_v too_o little_a and_o that_o either_o in_o a_o state_n well_o or_o ill_o govern_v p._n 17_o p._n 18_o p._n 19_o the_o first_o way_n of_o provide_v for_o the_o public_a charge_n be_v the_o excind_n or_o set_v apart_o of_o a_o proportion_n of_o the_o territory_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o crown-land_n p._n 19_o the_o second_o be_v take_v away_o the_o same_o proportion_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o all_o land_n p._n 20_o the_o nation_n be_v happy_a where_o either_o of_o the_o say_v two_o way_n be_v practise_v ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la and_o upon_o original_a agreement_n and_o not_o exact_v as_o a_o sudden_a contingent_a surcharge_n upon_o the_o people_n ibid._n the_o owner_n of_o settle_a rent_n bear_v the_o burden_n of_o a_o land-tax_n or_o assessment_n other_o probable_o gain_v thereby_o ibid._n a_o land-tax_n upon_o free_a estate_n resolve_v into_o a_o excize_n upon_o consumption_n p._n 21_o assessment_n upon_o house_n more_o uncertain_a than_o that_o of_o land_n house_n being_n of_o a_o double_a nature_n viz._n either_o a_o instrument_n of_o gain_n or_o way_n of_o expense_n ibid._n the_o heavy_a tax_v of_o house_n not_o discouragement_n to_o new_a building_n nor_o be_v the_o discouragement_n of_o new_a building_n any_o mean_n to_o prevent_v the_o populousness_n of_o a_o city_n p._n 22_o prohibition_n to_o build_v upon_o new_a foundation_n serve_v only_o to_o six_o the_o ground-plot_n of_o a_o city_n ibid._n the_o reason_n why_o the_o city_n of_o london_n remove_v its_o ground-plot_n westward_o ibid._n that_o it_o be_v probable_a the_o king_n of_o england_n palace_n will_v in_o process_n of_o time_n be_v towards_o chelsey_n p._n 23_o that_o the_o present_a seat_n of_o london_n will_v be_v the_o great_a conhabitation_n of_o people_n ever_o whilst_o this_o island_n be_v inhabit_v ibid._n the_o nature_n and_o natural_a measure_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n compute_v in_o commodity_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o say_v land._n ibid._n the_o par_fw-fr between_o food_n or_o other_o proceed_v of_o land_n and_o bullion_n or_o coyn._n p._n 24_o the_o par_n between_o gold_n and_o silver_n ibid._n gold_n and_o silver_n be_v not_o natural_a standard_n of_o the_o value_v of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d p._n 25_o the_o prime_a denomination_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v but_o two_o viz._n land_n and_o labour_n as_o the_o denomination_n of_o money_n in_o england_n be_v pound_n shilling_n penny_n ibid._n of_o the_o par_fw-fr between_o land_n and_o labour_n ibid._n the_o reason_n of_o the_o number_n of_o year_n purchase_v that_o land_n be_v worth_a in_o several_a country_n p._n 26_o why_o land_n in_o ireland_n be_v worth_a few_o year_n purchase_v than_o in_o england_n ibid._n 27_o the_o description_n and_o ratio_fw-la formalis_fw-la of_o usury_n p._n 28_o the_o same_o of_o exchange_n ibid._n the_o measure_n of_o both_o ibid._n why_o usury_n have_v be_v limit_v more_o than_o exchange_n p._n 29_o a_o parallel_n between_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o price_n of_o money_n and_o that_o of_o land._n ibid._n how_o to_o compute_v and_o compare_v the_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o order_n to_o a_o just_a land-tax_n or_o assessment_n p._n 30_o the_o intrinsic_a value_n of_o land_n be_v find_v by_o survey_v of_o the_o quantity_n figure_n and_o situation_n ibid._n and_o by_o the_o survey_n of_o the_o quality_n viz._n its_o aptitude_n to_o bear_v first_o precious_a commodity_n second_o the_o best_a of_o the_o kind_n three_o most_o in_o quantity_n ibid._n the_o extrinsic_a or_o accidental_a value_n depend_v upon_o the_o plenty_n of_o money_n luxurious_a or_o frugal_a live_n the_o opinion_n civil_a natural_a and_o religious_a of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o these_o inquiry_n to_o know_v how_o to_o tell_v the_o gold_n and_o silver_n coin_n of_o this_o present_a age_n and_o compare_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o former_a time_n ibid._n how_o to_o compare_v not_o only_o the_o money_n of_o this_o present_a age_n with_o that_o of_o the_o former_a but_o the_o entire_a riches_n of_o the_o present_a with_o the_o former_a people_n ibid._n by_o the_o number_n of_o people_n and_o the_o proportion_n of_o money_n among_o they_o the_o accidental_a value_n of_o land_n be_v to_o be_v compute_v p._n 32_o how_o to_o proportion_n the_o rate_n of_o a_o commodity_n in_o one_o place_n unto_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o same_o in_o another_o place_n ibid._n that_o the_o day-wage_n of_o labourer_n and_o several_a other_o of_o the_o most_o vulgar_a tradesman_n aught_o to_o be_v ascertain_v and_o well_o adapt_v to_o the_o change_n of_o time_n ibid._n that_o
than_o before_o second_o that_o the_o farmer_n to_o b._n shall_v gain_v more_o than_o before_o the_o tax_n three_o that_o the_o tenant_n or_o farmer_n of_o a._n shall_v gain_v as_o much_o as_o the_o king_n and_o tenant_n to_o b._n both_o four_o the_o tax_n do_v ultimate_o light_a upon_o the_o landlord_n a._n and_o the_o consumptioner_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o a_o land-tax_a resolve_n into_o a_o irregular_a excize_n upon_o consumption_n that_o those_o bear_v it_o most_o who_o lest_o complain_v and_o last_o that_o some_o landlord_n may_v gain_v and_o only_o such_o who_o rent_n be_v predetermine_v shall_v lose_v and_o that_o double_o viz._n one_o way_n by_o the_o raise_n of_o their_o revenue_n and_o the_o other_o by_o enhaunse_a the_o price_n of_o provision_n upon_o they_o 6._o another_o way_n be_v a_o excisium_n out_o of_o the_o rent_n of_o house_v which_o be_v much_o more_o uncertain_a than_o that_o of_o land._n for_o a_o house_n be_v of_o a_o double_a nature_n viz_o one_o wherein_o it_o be_v a_o way_n and_o mean_n of_o expense_n the_o other_o as_o it_o be_v a_o instrument_n and_o tool_n of_o gain_n for_o a_o shop_n in_o london_n of_o less_o capacity_n and_o less_o charge_n in_o build_v then_o a_o fair_a dining-room_n in_o the_o same_o house_n unto_o which_o both_o do_v belong_v shall_v nevertheless_o be_v of_o the_o great_a value_n so_o also_o shall_v a_o dungeon_n cellar_n than_o a_o pleasant_a camber_n because_o the_o one_o be_v expense_n the_o other_o profit_n now_o the_o way_n of_o a_o land-tax_a rate_n house_n as_o of_o the_o latter_a nature_n but_o the_o excize_n as_o of_o the_o former_a 7._o we_o may_v add_v hereunto_o that_o house_n be_v sometime_o disproportional_o tax_v to_o discourage_v building_n especal_o upon_o new_a foundation_n thereby_o to_o prevent_v the_o growth_n of_o a_o city_n suppose_v london_n such_o excessive_a and_o overgrow_v grow_v city_n be_v dangerous_a to_o monarchy_n though_o the_o more_o secure_a when_o the_o supremacy_n be_v in_o citizen_n of_o such_o place_n themselves_o as_o in_o venice_n 8._o but_o we_o say_v that_o such_o check_v of_o new_a building_n signify_v nothing_o to_o this_o purpose_n forasmuch_o as_o building_n do_v not_o increase_v until_o the_o people_n already_o have_v increase_v but_o the_o remedy_n of_o the_o above_o mention_v danger_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o people_n the_o which_o if_o they_o can_v be_v nip_v the_o other_o work_n will_v necessary_o be_v do_v but_o what_o then_o be_v the_o true_a effect_n of_o forbid_v to_o build_v upon_o new_a foundation_n i_o answer_v to_o keep_v and_o fasten_v the_o city_n to_o its_o old_a seat_n and_o ground-plot_n the_o which_o encouragement_n for_o new_a building_n will_v remove_v as_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v almost_o in_o all_o great_a city_n though_o insensible_o and_o not_o under_o many_o year_n progression_n 9_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o man_n be_v unwilling_a to_o build_v new_a house_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o pull_v down_o their_o old_a where_o both_o the_o old_a house_n itself_o and_o the_o ground_n it_o stand_v upon_o do_v make_v a_o much_o dear_a ground-plot_n for_o a_o newhouse_n and_o yet_o far_o less_o free_a and_o convenient_a wherefore_o man_n build_v upon_o new_a free_a foundation_n and_o cobble_v up_o old_a house_n until_o they_o become_v fundamental_o irreparable_a at_o which_o time_n they_o become_v either_o the_o dwell_n of_o the_o rascality_n or_o in_o process_n of_o time_n return_v to_o waste_v and_o garden_n again_o example_n whereof_o be_v many_o even_o about_o london_n now_o if_o great_a city_n be_v natural_o apt_a to_o remove_v their_o seat_n i_o ask_v which_o way_n i_o say_v in_o the_o case_n of_o london_n it_o must_v be_v westward_o because_o the_o wind_n blow_v near_o 3_o fourth_n of_o the_o year_n from_o the_o west_n the_o dwelling_n of_o the_o west_n end_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o free_a from_o the_o fume_n steam_n and_o stink_v of_o the_o whole_a easterly_a pyle_n which_o where_o seacole_n be_v burn_v be_v a_o great_a matter_n now_o if_o it_o follow_v from_o hence_o that_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o great_a man_n will_v remove_v westward_o it_o will_v also_o natural_o follow_v that_o the_o dwelling_n of_o other_o who_o depend_v upon_o they_o will_v creep_v after_o they_o this_o we_o see_v in_o london_n where_o the_o nobleman_n ancient_a house_n be_v now_o become_v hall_n for_o company_n or_o turn_v into_o tenement_n and_o all_o the_o palace_n be_v get_v westward_o insomuch_o as_o i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o that_o five_o humdred_a year_n hence_o the_o king_n palace_n will_v be_v near_o ch●lsy_n and_o the_o old_a build_n of_o whitehall_n convert_v to_o use_n more_o answerable_a to_o their_o quality_n for_o to_o build_v a_o new_a royal_a palace_n upon_o the_o same_o ground_n will_v be_v too_o great_a a_o confinement_n in_o respect_n of_o garden_n and_o other_o magnificency_n and_o withal_o a_o disaccommodation_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o work_n but_o it_o rather_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o the_o next_o palace_n will_v be_v build_v from_o the_o whole_a present_a contignation_n of_o house_n at_o such_o a_o distance_n as_o the_o whole_a palace_n of_o westminster_n be_v from_o the_o city_n of_o london_n when_o the_o archer_n begin_v to_o bend_v their_o bow_n just_a without_o ludgate_n and_o when_o all_o the_o space_n between_o the_o thames_n fleetstreet_n and_o hollorn_a be_v as_o finsbury-field_n be_v now_o 10._o this_o digression_n i_o confess_v to_o be_v both_o impertinent_a to_o the_o business_n of_o tax_n and_o in_o itself_o almost_o needless_a for_o why_o shall_v we_o trouble_v ourselves_o what_o shall_v be_v five_o hundred_o year_n hence_o not_o know_v what_o a_o day_n may_v bring_v forth_o and_o since_o it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a but_o that_o before_o that_o time_n we_o may_v be_v all_o transplant_v from_o hence_o into_o america_n these_o country_n be_v overrun_v with_o turk_n and_o make_v waste_v as_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o famous_a eastern_a empire_n at_o this_o day_n be_v 11._o only_o i_o think_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o while_o ever_o there_o be_v people_n in_o england_n the_o great_a cohabitation_n of_o they_o will_v be_v about_o the_o place_n which_o be_v now_o london_n the_o thames_n be_v the_o most_o commodious_a river_n of_o this_o island_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o london_n the_o most_o commodious_a part_n of_o the_o thames_n so_o much_o do_v the_o mean_n of_o facilitate_v carriage_n greaten_v a_o city_n which_o may_v put_v we_o in_o mind_n of_o employ_v our_o idle_a hand_n about_o mend_v the_o highway_n make_v bridge_n cawseys_n and_o river_n navigable_a which_o consideration_n bring_v i_o back_o round_o into_o my_o way_n of_o tax_n from_o whence_o i_o digress_v 12._o but_o before_o we_o talk_v too_o much_o of_o rent_n we_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o explain_v the_o mysterion_n nature_n of_o they_o with_o reference_n as_o well_o to_o money_n the_o rent_n of_o which_o we_o call_v usury_n as_o to_o that_o of_o land_n and_o house_n aforemention_v 13._o suppose_v a_o man_n can_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n plant_v a_o certain_a scope_n of_o land_n with_o corn_n that_o be_v can_v diggor_n plough_n harrow_n weed_n reap_v carry_v home_o thresh_v and_o winnow_v so_o much_o as_o the_o husbandry_n of_o this_o land_n require_v and_o have_v withal_o seed_n wherewith_o to_o sow_v the_o same_o i_o say_v that_o when_o this_o man_n have_v subduct_v his_o seed_n out_o of_o the_o proceed_v of_o his_o harvest_n and_o also_o what_o himself_o have_v both_o eat_v and_o give_v to_o other_o in_o exchange_n for_o clothes_n and_o other_o natural_a necessary_n that_o the_o remainder_n of_o corn_n be_v the_o natural_a and_o true_a rent_n of_o the_o land_n for_o that_o year_n and_o the_o medium_n of_o seven_o year_n or_o rather_o of_o so_o many_o year_n as_o make_v up_o the_o cycle_n within_o which_o dearth_n and_o plenty_n make_v their_o revolution_n do_v give_v the_o ordinary_a rent_n of_o the_o land_n in_o corn._n 14._o but_o a_o further_o though_o collateral_a question_n may_v be_v how_o much_o english_a money_n this_o corn_n or_o rent_n be_v worth_a i_o answer_v so_o much_o as_o the_o money_n which_o another_o single_a man_n can_v save_v within_o the_o same_o time_n over_o and_o above_o his_o expense_n if_o he_o employ_v himself_o whole_o to_o produce_v and_o make_v it_o viz._n let_v another_o man_n go_v travel_n into_o a_o country_n where_o be_v silver_n there_o dig_v it_o refine_v it_o bring_v it_o to_o the_o same_o place_n where_o the_o other_o man_n plant_v his_o corn_n coin_n it_o etc._n etc._n the_o same_o person_n all_o the_o while_n of_o his_o work_n for_o silver_n gather_v also_o food_n for_o his_o necessary_a livelihood_n and_o procure_v himself_o cover_v etc._n etc._n i_o
design_n office_n institute_v by_o the_o state_n with_o fee_n of_o their_o own_o appointment_n be_v of_o parallel_a nature_n to_o monopoly_n the_o one_o relate_v to_o action_n and_o employment_n as_o the_o other_o to_o thing_n and_o have_v the_o same_o to_o be_v say_v for_o and_o against_o they_o as_o monoply_n have_v as_o a_o kingdom_n increase_v and_o flourish_v so_o do_v variety_n of_o thing_n of_o action_n and_o even_o of_o word_n increase_v also_o for_o we_o see_v that_o the_o language_n of_o the_o most_o flourish_a empire_n be_v ever_o the_o most_o copious_a and_o elegant_a and_o that_o of_o mountainous_a canton_n the_o contrary_a now_o as_o the_o action_n of_o this_o kingdom_n increase_v so_o do_v the_o office_n that_o be_v the_o power_n and_o faculty_n of_o sole_o execute_v and_o perform_v the_o say_a action_n increase_v likewise_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a as_o the_o business_n of_o office_n increase_v so_o do_v the_o difficulty_n and_o danger_n of_o discharge_v they_o amiss_o decrease_v proportionable_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o office_n which_o at_o their_o first_o erect_v be_v not_o perform_v but_o by_o the_o able_a most_o inventive_a and_o versatile_a instrument_n such_o as_o can_v wrestle_v with_o all_o emergent_a difficulty_n and_o collect_v rule_n and_o axiom_n out_o of_o the_o series_n of_o their_o own_o observation_n with_o reference_n to_o the_o various_a casualty_n of_o their_o employment_n whereby_o to_o direct_v posterity_n be_v now_o persorm_v by_o the_o most_o ordinary_a formal_a packhorse_n deputy_n and_o sub-deputy_n and_o whereas_o at_o first_o such_o large_a fee_n be_v allow_v as_o consider_v even_o the_o paucity_n of_o they_o which_o may_v then_o be_v receive_v shall_v compensate_a the_o art_n trust_v and_o industry_n of_o the_o administrator_n yet_o the_o say_v large_a fee_n be_v still_o continue_v although_o the_o skill_n and_o trust_n be_v lessen_v and_o the_o number_n of_o the_o say_a fee_n so_o extreme_o multiply_v so_o as_o now_o the_o profit_n of_o such_o office_n be_v become_v clear_a and_o the_o work_n so_o easy_a as_o any_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o it_o even_o those_o that_o never_o see_v it_o be_v buy_v and_o sell_v for_o year_n or_o life_n as_o any_o other_o annuity_n may_v be_v and_o withal_o the_o splendour_n arise_v from_o the_o easy_a gain_n of_o those_o place_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v call_v the_o flourish_a of_o the_o law_n which_o certain_o flourish_v best_a when_o the_o professor_n and_o minister_n of_o it_o have_v least_o to_o do_v and_o moreover_o when_o the_o burden_n and_o uselessness_n of_o such_o a_o office_n be_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o be_v nevertheless_o spare_v as_o a_o subject_n freehold_a in_o favour_n of_o he_o that_o buy_v it_o of_o these_o office_n be_v many_o in_o this_o nation_n and_o such_o as_o may_v be_v a_o revenue_n to_o the_o king_n either_o by_o their_o annual_a profit_n or_o the_o sale_n of_o they_o for_o many_o year_n together_o and_o these_o be_v the_o office_n that_o be_v proper_o saleable_a viz._n where_o the_o fee_n be_v large_a as_o appoint_v when_o the_o number_n of_o they_o be_v few_o and_o also_o numerous_a as_o multiply_v upon_o the_o increase_n of_o business_n and_o where_o the_o business_n be_v only_o the_o labour_n of_o the_o mean_a man_n length_n of_o time_n have_v make_v all_o the_o work_n so_o easy_a and_o find_v out_o security_n against_o all_o the_o fraud_n breach_n of_o trust_n and_o male-administrations_a whereunto_o the_o infancy_n of_o those_o place_n be_v obnoxious_a these_o office_n be_v therefore_o tax_n upon_o such_o as_o can_v or_o will_v not_o avoid_v the_o pass_n through_o they_o and_o be_v bear_v as_o man_n endure_v and_o run_v themselves_o into_o the_o mischief_n of_o duel_v the_o which_o be_v very_o great_a which_o side_n soever_o prevail_v for_o certain_o man_n do_v not_o always_o go_v to_o law_n to_o obtain_v right_a or_o prevent_v wrong_a which_o judicious_a neighbour_n may_v perform_v as_o well_o as_o a_o jury_n of_o no_o able_a man_n and_o man_n may_v tell_v the_o judge_n himself_o the_o merit_n of_o their_o cause_n as_o well_o as_o now_o they_o instruct_v their_o council_n this_o therefore_o of_o office_n be_v a_o voluntary_a tax_n upon_o contentious_a man_n as_o excize_v upon_o drink_n be_v to_o good_a fellow_n to_o love_v it_o chap._n xii_o of_o tithe_n the_o word_n tithe_n be_v the_o same_o with_o ten_o signify_v of_o itself_o no_o more_o than_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o excisium_n or_o part_v retrench_v as_o if_o custom_n upon_o import_v and_o export_v commodity_n shall_v be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o twentieth_n as_o it_o be_v sometime_o call_v tonnage_n and_o poundage_n wherefore_o it_o remain_v to_o say_v that_o tithe_n in_o this_o place_n do_v together_o with_o the_o say_a proportion_n consignifie_v the_o use_n of_o it_o viz._n the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o clergy_n as_o also_o the_o matter_n or_o substance_n out_o of_o which_o this_o maintenance_n be_v cut_v viz._n the_o immediate_a fruit_n of_o the_o land_n and_o water_n or_o the_o proceed_v of_o man_n labour_n art_n and_o stock_n lay_v out_o upon_o they_o it_o signify_v also_o the_o manner_n of_o pay_v it_o viz._n in_o spccie_a and_o not_o but_o upon_o special_a and_o voluntary_a cause_n in_o money_n 2._o we_o say_v the_o matter_n of_o tithe_n be_v the_o immediate_a fruitsof_n the_o earth_n viz._n of_o grain_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v ready_a to_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o ground_n that_o bear_v it_o and_o not_o of_o bread_n which_o be_v corn_n thresht_v winnow_v ground_n temper_v with_o liquor_n and_o bake_a 3._o it_o be_v also_o the_o second_o choice_n out_o of_o the_o young_a of_o multiparous_a cattle_n take_v in_o spccie_a so_o soon_o as_o the_o say_a youngling_n can_v subsist_v without_o their_o dam_n or_o else_o a_o composition_n in_o money_n for_o the_o uniparon_n 4._o it_o be_v wool_n so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v shear_v it_o be_v fowl_n and_o fish_n where_o fowl_v and_o fish_n be_v rather_o a_o trade_n then_o a_o mere_a recreation_n &_o sic_fw-la de_fw-la cateris_fw-la 5._o moreover_o in_o great_a city_n tithe_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o composition_n in_o money_n for_o the_o labour_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o artisan_n who_o work_v upon_o the_o material_n which_o have_v pay_v tithe_n before_o 6._o tithe_n therefore_o increase_v within_o any_o territory_n as_o the_o labour_n of_o that_o country_n increase_v and_o labour_n do_v or_o aught_o to_o increase_v as_o the_o people_n do_v now_o within_o four_o hundred_o year_n the_o people_n of_o england_n be_v about_o quadruple_v as_o double_v every_o two_o hundred_o year_n and_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n be_v about_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o people_n in_o it_o so_o as_o the_o other_o three_o part_n be_v labour_n and_o stock_n 7._o wherefore_o the_o tithe_n now_o shall_v be_v twelve_o time_n as_o good_a as_o they_o be_v four_o hundred_o year_n ago_o which_o the_o rate_n of_o benefice_n in_o the_o king_n book_n do-pretty_a well_o show_v by_o compare_v of_o time_n something_o of_o this_o shall_v be_v abate_v because_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o proceed_v of_o land_n and_o labour_n do_v vary_v as_o the_o hand_n of_o labourer_n vary_v wherefore_o we_o shall_v rather_o say_v that_o the_o tithe_n be_v but_o six_o time_n as_o good_a now_o as_o four_o hundred_o year_n ago_o that_o be_v that_o the_o tithe_n now_o will_v pay_v six_o time_n as_o many_o labourer_n or_o feed_v six_o time_n as_o many_o mouth_n as_o the_o tithe_n four_o hundred_o year_n ago_o will_v have_v do_v 8._o now_o if_o there_o be_v not_o only_o as_o many_o parish_n then_o as_o now_o more_o priest_n in_o every_o parish_n and_o also_o more_o religious_a man_n who_o be_v also_o priest_n and_o the_o religion_n of_o those_o time_n be_v more_o operose_fw-la and_o full_a of_o work_n than_o now_o by_o reason_n of_o confession_n holiday_n office_n etc._n etc._n more_o in_o those_o day_n than_o now_o the_o great_a work_n in_o these_o day_n be_v a_o compendious_a teach_n of_o above_o a_o thousand_o at_o once_o without_o much_o particular_a confession_n and_o catechise_n or_o trouble_v about_o the_o dead_a it_o seem_v clear_a that_o the_o clergy_n now_o be_v far_o rich_a than_o heretofore_o and_o that_o to_o be_v a_o clergy_n man_n then_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o mortification_n whereas_o now_o praise_v by_o god_n it_o be_v matter_n of_o splendour_n and_o magnificence_n unless_o any_o will_v say_v that_o there_o be_v golden_a priest_n when_o the_o chalice_n be_v wood_n and_o but_o wooden_a priest_n when_o the_o chalice_n be_v gold_n or_o that_o religion_n best_o flourish_v when_o the_o priest_n be_v most_o mortify_v as_o be_v before_o say_v