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city_n great_a king_n people_n 9,166 5 4.4099 3 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A90698 The present state of Denmark and reflections upon the ancient state thereof. Together with a particular account of the birth, education, martial atchievements and brave performances of His Royal Highness Prince George, only brother of His present Majesty of Denmark. / By G. Pierreville Gent. Secretary to the King's Minister at the Court of Denmark. Pierreville, Gideon. 1683 (1683) Wing P2212A; ESTC R203183 58,876 158

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enter_v france_n till_o the_o year_n 876._o and_o be_v not_o establish_v peaceable_o in_o normandy_n till_o 889._o or_o 890._o 3._o eric_n barn_n or_o the_o child_n be_v the_o only_a male_n leave_v alive_a of_o the_o royal_a family_n after_o the_o bloody_a war_n between_o eric_n and_o guthorn_n king_n of_o norway_n but_o he_o have_v not_o be_v long_o upon_o the_o throne_n before_o he_o renew_v the_o persecution_n upon_o the_o christian_n with_o more_o cruelty_n than_o his_o prodecessor_n have_v do_v destroy_v more_o church_n bishop_n and_o religious_a house_n than_o all_o the_o other_o danish_a king_n put_v together_o he_o prosecute_v his_o war_n in_o germany_n with_o great_a gallantry_n and_o conduct_n slay_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n bruno_n duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o twelve_o count_n he_o depart_v this_o life_n in_o the_o year_n 902._o 4._o canutus_n lodneknut_n or_o the_o hairy_a succeed_v his_o father_n eric_n in_o his_o time_n every_o three_o man_n in_o denmark_n go_v to_o seek_v 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denmark_n governor_n gottorp_n a_o strong_a castle_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o slyvick_n at_o the_o end_n of_o a_o large_a inlet_n of_o the_o baltic_a remarkable_a for_o the_o toll-booth_n at_o which_o toll_n be_v pay_v one_o year_n with_o another_o for_o 50000_o ox_n transport_v out_o of_o north_n juitland_n into_o germany_n seswick_n the_o principal_a town_n of_o this_o province_n a_o episcopal_n see_v and_o the_o head_n of_o a_o dukedom_n when_o christian_a earl_n of_o oldenburgh_n be_v choose_v king_n of_o denmark_n the_o dukedom_n of_o holstein_n become_v part_n of_o that_o kingdom_n yet_o so_o that_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n be_v reckon_v prince_n of_o the_o empire_n as_o duke_n of_o holstein_n though_o not_o oblige_v to_o repair_v to_o any_o diet_n afterward_o the_o title_n of_o duke_n of_o holstein_n with_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v give_v to_o adolph_n christian_n the_o three_o brother_n who_o govern_v it_o interchangeable_o with_o his_o brother_n 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residence_n 2._o morsce_o contain_v three_o heret_n the_o town_n of_o nicope_a the_o castle_n of_o lunsted_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o ageroe_n 3._o hanheret_n contain_v four_o heret_n the_o town_n of_o thystad_n a_o kind_n of_o university_n the_o castle_n of_o orum_fw-la and_o the_o island_n of_o oland_n and_o oxholm_n in_o this_o district_n stand_v the_o rock_n call_v skaringclint_n serve_v for_o a_o sea_n mark_v to_o prevent_v mariner_n run_v against_o the_o quicksand_n which_o lie_v about_o this_o coast_n 4._o wensyssel_n vensilia_fw-la or_o wenslie_n contain_v six_o heret_n or_o prefecture_n the_o island_n of_o grosholm_n of_o hertshorn_n and_o tidesholm_n one_o castle_n and_o three_o town_n the_o most_o remarkable_a of_o which_o be_v scagen_n stand_v at_o the_o utmost_a promontory_n or_o most_o northerly_a point_n of_o all_o this_o chersonese_n be_v notorious_a for_o the_o shipwreck_n of_o many_o ship_n of_o all_o nation_n zealand_n the_o large_a fair_a and_o most_o fertile_a island_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n lie_v east_n of_o juitland_n from_o which_o separate_v by_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v the_o belt_n and_o west_n of_o schonen_fw-mi from_o which_o it_o be_v part_v by_o a_o fresh_a river_n not_o above_o a_o dutch_a mile_n in_o breadth_n common_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o sund_n or_o sound_n this_o island_n be_v about_o twelve_o german_a mile_n broad_a and_o eighteen_o long_a it_o be_v ancient_o call_v codanonia_n which_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o the_o modern_a word_n danes_n or_o denmark_n many_o of_o the_o danish_a etymologist_n derive_v seeland_n from_o sordland_n or_o seedland_n from_o the_o abundance_n of_o corn_n which_o this_o country_n afford_v other_o with_o great_a probability_n make_v the_o word_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o a_o island_n or_o parcel_n of_o ground_n encompass_v with_o the_o sea_n this_o island_n contain_v 15_o city_n or_o wall_v town_n the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v copenhagen_n the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o island_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o denmark_n which_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o east_n part_n of_o zealand_n upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n the_o dane_n call_v it_o kiobenhaun_n and_o the_o german_n copenharen_n both_o which_o word_n be_v corruption_n of_o kiobm_n inshaven_v or_o the_o kaven_n of_o merchant_n the_o town_n be_v of_o a_o orbicular_a form_n and_o very_o well_o fortify_v since_o the_o war_n in_o 1659._o with_o the_o swede_n have_v a_o arcenal_n which_o perhaps_o excel_v any_o thing_n of_o that_o kind_n in_o europe_n in_o the_o arcenal_n be_v keep_v a_o coach_n with_o spring_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o go_v as_o if_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o and_o of_o its_o own_o movement_n but_o the_o artifice_n of_o this_o work_n depend_v on_o two_o man_n hide_v under_o a_o cover_n in_o the_o coach_n of_o who_o the_o one_o turn_v the_o wheel_n which_o push_v it_o on_o and_o the_o other_o guide_v it_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o a_o rudder_n in_o the_o head_n its_o cathedral_n church_n dedicate_v to_o st._n mary_n be_v beautify_v with_o a_o noble_a copper_n spire_n build_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o king_n christian_n the_o four_o the_o advowsance_n of_o this_o church_n belong_v to_o the_o professor_n in_o the_o university_n which_o be_v found_v by_o ericus_n the_o nine_o but_o perfect_v by_o king_n christian_n the_o first_o by_o he_o and_o the_o succeed_a prince_n liberal_o endow_v the_o city_n be_v govern_v by_o four_o burgo-master_n one_o whereof_o be_v regent_n or_o precedent_n for_o his_o life_n this_o honour_n be_v confer_v at_o present_a on_o that_o deserve_a and_o learned_a person_n p._n john_n resenius_n professor_n of_o moral_a philosophy_n in_o the_o university_n at_o copenhagen_n and_o counsellor_n to_o the_o present_a king_n of_o denmark_n among_o the_o ornament_n of_o the_o town_n be_v the_o marketplace_n which_o be_v exceed_o spacious_a the_o king_n palace_n all_o cover_v with_o copper_n stand_v in_o a_o island_n wherein_o be_v 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and_o furnish_v it_o with_o man_n of_o eminence_n in_o all_o art_n and_o science_n for_o its_o first_o professor_n beside_o he_o annex_v a_o academy_n with_o fit_a master_n to_o teach_v perfect_o all_o gentile_a and_o marshal_n exercise_n as_o dance_v vaulting_n ride_v the_o great_a horse_n etc._n etc._n anderskaw_n or_o andershauw_n former_o a_o great_a monastery_n now_o a_o strong_a castle_n about_o a_o english_a mile_n from_o slagen_n it_o be_v be_v seat_v in_o a_o level_a champaign_n country_n and_o delicate_o well_o build_v kallenburg_n be_v former_o a_o small_a village_n inhabit_v by_o none_o but_o fisherman_n but_o about_o the_o year_n 1158._o or_o i_o as_o some_o 117._o it_o be_v turn_v into_o a_o city_n and_o beautify_v with_o a_o castle_n church_n and_o several_a other_o public_a building_n it_o be_v at_o present_a a_o town_n of_o good_a trade_n have_v the_o convenience_n of_o as_o safe_a a_o harbour_n for_o ship_n as_o any_o haven_n in_o denmark_n korsor_n so_o call_v from_o the_o multitude_n of_o cross_n erect_v former_o in_o the_o place_n out_o of_o the_o abundance_n of_o superstitious_a zeal_n in_o the_o inhabitant_n koge_fw-mi a_o small_a but_o very_o rich_a and_o populous_a city_n about_o sixteen_o english_a mile_n from_o copenhagen_n it_o be_v a_o place_n much_o throng_v with_o corn_n merchant_n and_o fishmonger_n drive_v a_o considerable_a trade_n and_o be_v in_o a_o pleasant_a situation_n funen_n fvnen_fw-mi be_v situate_v betwixt_o seeland_n and_o juitland_n from_o which_o last_o it_o be_v part_v by_o a_o straight_a call_v middlefar-sundt_a about_o one_o german_a mile_n in_o breadth_n and_o separate_v from_o seeland_n by_o the_o beltis_n sundt_fw-mi or_o baltic_a bay_n which_o be_v so_o narrow_a and_o small_a a_o frith_n that_o the_o island_n and_o the_o chersonese_n seem_v join_v together_o the_o length_n of_o this_o island_n from_o east_n to_o west_n be_v ten_o german_a mile_n and_o the_o breadth_n eight_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o pleasant_a piece_n of_o ground_n in_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n dominion_n abound_v beside_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o corn_n especial_o wheat_n and_o rye_n which_o be_v hence_o yearly_o transport_v in_o great_a quantity_n unto_o other_o nation_n beside_o the_o native_n have_v general_o great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n and_o good_a breed_v of_o horse_n the_o wood_n which_o overspread_v almost_o the_o whole_a island_n be_v exceed_v well_o store_v with_o deer_n hare_n and_o fox_n this_o island_n contain_v four_o and_o twenty_o heret_n or_o prefecture_n sixteen_o town_n and_o six_o royal_a castle_n beside_o many_o goodly_a village_n and_o gentleman_n house_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o funen_n be_v ottensee_n seat_v in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o island_n and_o therefore_o a_o fit_a place_n for_o the_o session_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o magistracy_n which_o be_v yearly_o hold_v in_o this_o place_n as_o be_v likewise_o the_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n before_o the_o year_n 1660._o the_o building_n in_o this_o town_n be_v general_o well_o build_v and_o the_o street_n uniform_a beside_o other_o public_a structure_n there_o be_v in_o it_o two_o fair_a church_n whereof_o one_o be_v dedicate_v to_o st._n cnuts_n the_o other_o to_o st._n francis_n not_o far_o from_o the_o former_a of_o these_o stand_v a_o stately_a town_n hall_n upon_o a_o very_a spacious_a marketplace_n where_o king_n fredrick_n the_o second_o renew_v the_o ancient_a league_n between_o the_o crown_n of_o denmark_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n and_o sleswick_n in_o the_o year_n 1575._o when_o the_o quire_n of_o st._n cnut_n church_n be_v repair_v in_o the_o year_n 1582_o the_o work_n man_n find_v in_o a_o vaulta_fw-la copper_n coffin_n gild_a and_o adorn_v with_o precious_a stone_n upon_o which_o be_v write_v the_o follow_a inscription_n in_o old_a latine-gothic_a character_n jam_fw-la coelo_fw-la tutus_fw-la summo_fw-la cum_fw-la rege_fw-la canutus_n martyr_n in_o aurata_fw-la rex_fw-la atque_fw-la reconditur_fw-la arca_fw-la et_fw-la pro_fw-la justitiae_fw-la factis_fw-la occisus_fw-la inique_fw-la ut_fw-la christum_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la sic_fw-la morte_fw-la fatetur_fw-la in_o ipsa_fw-la traditur_fw-la a_o proprio_fw-la sicut_fw-la deus_fw-la ipse_fw-la ministro_fw-la a._n d._n mlxxxvi_o other_o town_n of_o note_n in_o funen_n be_v 1._o bowens_n a_o port_n town_n of_o good_a trade_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o island_n at_o the_o north_n end_n of_o medelfar_o sund_v 2._o middlefar_n seat_v on_o the_o common_a passage_n from_o this_o island_n to_o kolding_n in_o juitland_n on_o the_o thirteen_o of_o january_n in_o the_o year_n 1658_o carolus_n gustavus_n king_n of_o sweden_n lead_v his_o army_n over_o the_o ice_n to_o this_o place_n and_o have_v rout_v the_o danish_a force_n which_o oppose_v he_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n of_o funen_n 3._o ascens_fw-la not_o far_o from_o the_o mountain_n of_o ossenburg_n memorable_a only_o for_o a_o victory_n gain_v near_o it_o by_o john_n rantzaw_v king_n christian_n the_o three_o general_n who_o level_v the_o city_n to_o the_o ground_n 4._o foborg_n upon_o the_o southern_a coast_n of_o the_o island_n it_o be_v once_o burn_v by_o the_o unruly_a soldier_n of_o christian_a the_o three_o whilst_o odensee_n adhere_v to_o the_o captive_a prince_n christian_n the_o second_o who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v keep_v close_a prisoner_n at_o sunderburg_n redeem_a itself_o from_o the_o like_a fate_n by_o a_o large_a sum_n of_o money_n 5._o swynburg_n over_o against_o the_o isle_n of_o langland_n from_o this_o place_n carolus_n gustavus_n lead_v his_o army_n over_o the_o ice_n into_o seeland_n in_o the_o year_n 1658._o 6._o nyburg_n the_o usual_a passage_n from_o funen_n into_o seeland_n this_o city_n be_v first_o fortify_v with_o a_o moat_n and_o bulwark_n by_o king_n christian_n the_o three_o it_o be_v very_o memorable_a for_o the_o battle_n fight_v by_o the_o confederate_n of_o the_o empire_n brandenburg_n poland_n and_o the_o low_a country_n in_o the_o year_n 1659._o against_o the_o swede_n who_o be_v beat_v in_o that_o rencounter_n and_o utter_o rout_v out_o of_o schonen_fw-mi in_o funen_n there_o be_v reckon_v up_o no_o less_o than_o two_o hundred_o sixty_o four_o parish_n church_n zaland_n laland_n or_o lawland_n so_o call_v from_o its_o low_a situation_n be_v disjoin_v from_o seeland_n by_o a_o little_a narrow_a straight_o call_v gronesendt_fw-ge and_o be_v about_o thirty_o two_o english_a mile_n in_o length_n and_o two_o in_o breadth_n this_o be_v a_o very_a fruitful_a country_n have_v good_a store_n of_o rich_a pasturage_n and_o afford_v such_o great_a plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o chestnut_n that_o ship_n full_o freight_v with_o they_o be_v send_v yearly_o hence_o it_o contain_v four_o heret_n or_o lordship_n and_o as_o many_o city_n the_o great_a town_n or_o city_n be_v 1._o naschaw_n or_o nashscouw_v which_o together_o with_o the_o adjoin_a monastery_n be_v storm_v take_v and_o burn_v by_o the_o lubecker_n in_o the_o year_n 1510._o 2._o sascope_a 3._o newstadt_n once_o famous_a for_o a_o noble_a monastery_n build_v there_o a._n d._n 1286._o 4._o lavingscope_a beside_o these_o the_o nunnery_n of_o marioebo_n or_o mariboane_n be_v as_o considerable_a and_o remarkable_a a_o place_n as_o any_o in_o the_o whole_a island_n the_o other_o island_n in_o the_o baltique_a now_o belong_v to_o the_o dane_n worth_n the_o take_a notice_n of_o be_v 1._o falster_n a_o considerable_a island_n adjoin_v to_o laland_n it_o be_v not_o above_o sixteen_o english_a mile_n in_o length_n but_o afford_v plenty_n of_o corn_n yearly_o to_o some_o neighbour_a island_n and_o to_o the_o very_a continent_n the_o principal_a town_n of_o this_o isle_n be_v 1._o nicope_a which_o for_o the_o elegancy_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o pleasantness_n of_o the_o situation_n be_v by_o dr._n heylin_n style_v the_o naples_n of_o denmark_n 2._o stubcopen_fw-mi or_o stabcope_a have_v some_o trade_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o its_o be_v the_o ordinary_a passage_n between_o seeland_n and_o germany_n 2._o langeland_n a_o narrow_a island_n betwixt_o funen_n and_o laland_n seven_o dutch_a mile_n in_o length_n in_o which_o beside_o many_o village_n and_o gentleman_n house_n and_o sixteen_o parish_n church_n be_v the_o town_n of_o rudcope_a and_o the_o impregnable_a castle_n of_o traneker_n which_o be_v admirable_o well_o provide_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o military_a ammunition_n 3._o mona_n or_o meun_n a_o chalky_a island_n to_o the_o north-east_n of_o falster_n it_o serve_v for_o a_o good_a landmark_n to_o the_o german_a vessel_n that_o trade_n in_o those_o sea_n the_o only_a town_n of_o consequence_n in_o it_o be_v stege_n which_o brave_o withstand_v the_o lubecker_n in_o the_o year_n 1510_o and_o force_v they_o at_o last_o to_o retreat_n 4._o alsen_n another_o little_a island_n call_v in_o latin_a elysia_n opposite_a to_o the_o gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o flensburg_n in_o the_o dukedom_n
be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v notorious_a pirate_n yet_o at_o this_o day_n hardly_o any_o sea_n be_v less_o infest_a with_o piracy_n than_o those_o of_o norway_n not_o that_o the_o modern_a inhabitant_n be_v blessed_v with_o more_o honesty_n than_o their_o ancestor_n but_o the_o danish_a sway_n be_v so_o rigorous_a as_o not_o to_o allow_v they_o any_o ship_n nor_o any_o other_o mean_v to_o pamper_v grow_v resty_a and_o head_n strong_a but_o on_o the_o contrary_a fleece_n squeeze_v and_o keep_v they_o in_o the_o low_a servitude_n their_o diet_n be_v what_o they_o export_v to_o other_o country_n principal_o stock_n fish_n and_o a_o course_n kind_n of_o butter_n and_o cheese_n their_o usual_a drink_n rostock_n ale_n their_o manner_n be_v common_o to_o drink_v three_o draught_n one_o in_o remembrance_n of_o god_n the_o second_o to_o the_o king_n health_n and_o the_o three_o to_o the_o queen_n as_o the_o town_n in_o norway_n be_v very_o thin_a so_o the_o building_n for_o the_o most_o part_n 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station_n and_o to_o secure_v it_o immediate_o clap_v strong_a garrison_n into_o all_o the_o city_n and_o fortress_n of_o moment_n in_o the_o nation_n for_o the_o better_a management_n of_o the_o government_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o five_o prefecture_n answerable_a to_o the_o five_o castle_n which_o command_v they_o now_o 1._o the_o prefecture_n of_o masterland_n or_o maestrandt_n be_v situate_v most_o towards_o the_o south_n and_o be_v command_v by_o the_o castle_n of_o bahuy_n now_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n that_o castle_n be_v first_o build_v by_o haguin_n the_o iv_o king_n of_o norway_n about_o the_o year_n 1309_o upon_o a_o steep_a rock_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n srollet_n and_o then_o esteem_v the_o best_a fort_n the_o king_n have_v in_o his_o dominion_n and_o a_o sufficient_a barrier_n against_o the_o frequent_a attack_n and_o inroad_n of_o the_o swede_n and_o westro-goth_n beside_o the_o city_n of_o maestrandt_n note_v for_o the_o 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norwegian_n of_o former_a age_n the_o hilt_n of_o it_o be_v make_v of_o crystal_n curious_o wrought_v and_o polish_a whence_o some_o have_v infer_v that_o the_o use_n of_o crystal_n be_v ancient_o much_o more_o ordinary_a in_o norway_n than_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n in_o any_o part_n of_o europe_n not_o far_o from_o opslo_n on_o the_o opposite_a side_n of_o the_o bay_n stand_v the_o castle_n of_o aggerhuysen_n famous_a for_o the_o brave_a resistance_n it_o make_v the_o swedish_n army_n in_o the_o year_n 1567._o which_o lay_v a_o close_a and_o brisk_a siege_n to_o it_o for_o eighteen_o week_n together_o but_o be_v at_o last_o beat_v off_o and_o force_v to_o a_o shameful_a retreat_n tonsberg_n former_o a_o place_n of_o retreat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n hammer_n in_o former_a time_n a_o bishop_n see_v but_o now_o unite_v to_o that_o of_o opslo_n some_o author_n do_v affirm_v that_o near_a unto_o hammer_n a_o huge_a and_o monstrous_a serpent_n do_v constant_o appear_v before_o any_o great_a change_n in_o the_o state_n or_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n saltzburg_n frederikstadt_n and_o scheene_n drive_v all_o a_o considerable_a trade_n from_o the_o copper_n and_o iron_n mine_n which_o abound_v more_o hereabout_o than_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o this_o province_n be_v the_o silver_n mine_n abovementioned_a first_o discover_v and_o some_o of_o the_o adjoin_a hill_n be_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n to_o this_o day_n call_v silver_n bergen_n or_o the_o mountain_n of_o silver_n now_o norway_n be_v indebt_v for_o the_o great_a part_n if_o not_o all_o its_o trade_n to_o those_o mine_n and_o the_o mighty_a wood_n of_o fir_n and_o pinetree_n which_o overspread_v this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n the_o city_n of_o staffenger_n lie_v in_o 59_o deg_fw-la some_o reckon_v 60_o and_o a_o great_a many_o odd_a min._n of_o latitude_n be_v seat_v upon_o a_o demy-island_n upon_o a_o great_a bay_n of_o the_o northern_a ocean_n full_a 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out_o of_o a_o great_a high_a rock_n call_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n vear_n upon_o the_o lake_n nordsce_fw-mi half_o a_o mile_n distant_a from_o scheen_n it_o be_v think_v by_o some_o to_o have_v be_v formerla_fw-fr a_o heathenish_a temple_n but_o convert_v to_o christian_a use_n upon_o the_o first_o plant_n of_o the_o gospel_n in_o this_o kingdom_n bergenhuis_fw-mi be_v the_o three_o castle_n of_o command_n in_o norway_n this_o prefecture_n and_o bishopric_n be_v the_o most_o fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a part_n of_o all_o norway_n lie_v in_o the_o middle_n or_o heart_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o the_o north_n of_o aggerhuysen_n it_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o stately_a and_o noble_a mart_n town_n of_o berghen_n or_o else_o from_o the_o strong_a castle_n of_o bergenhuysen_n the_o usual_a seat_n of_o the_o viceroy_n of_o norway_n at_o a_o small_a distance_n to_o the_o north_n of_o berghen_n berghen_fw-mi be_v the_o granary_n and_o magazine_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o 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