that_o matter_n of_o religion_n be_v the_o subject_n of_o that_o conference_n and_o that_o soon_o after_o in_o the_o same_o year_n come_v letter_n from_o king_n philip_n to_o the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n disclaim_v the_o interpretation_n which_o have_v be_v give_v to_o his_o letter_n by_o count_n egmont_n declare_v his_o pleasure_n be_v that_o all_o heretic_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o death_n without_o remission_n that_o the_o emperor_n edict_n and_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n shall_v be_v publish_v and_o observe_v and_o command_v that_o the_o utmost_a assistance_n of_o the_o civil_a power_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o inquisition_n when_o this_o be_v divulge_v at_o first_o the_o astonishment_n be_v great_a throughout_o their_o province_n but_o that_o soon_o give_v way_n to_o their_o rage_n which_o begin_v to_o appear_v in_o their_o look_n in_o their_o speech_n their_o bold_a meeting_n and_o libel_n and_o be_v increase_v by_o the_o miserable_a spectacle_n of_o so_o many_o execution_n upon_o account_n of_o religion_n the_o constancy_n of_o the_o sufferer_n and_o compassion_n of_o the_o beholder_n conspire_v general_o to_o lessen_v the_o opinion_n of_o gild_n or_o crime_n and_o heighten_v a_o detestation_n of_o the_o punishment_n and_o revenge_n against_o the_o author_n of_o that_o counsel_n of_o who_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n be_v esteem_v the_o chief_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1566_o begin_v a_o open_a mutiny_n of_o the_o citizen_n in_o many_o town_n hinder_v execution_n and_o force_v prison_n and_o officer_n and_o this_o be_v follow_v by_o a_o confederacy_n of_o the_o lord_n never_o to_o suffer_v the_o inquisition_n in_o the_o low-countries_n as_o contrary_a to_o all_o law_n both_o sacred_a and_o profane_a and_o exceed_v the_o cruelty_n of_o all_o former_a tyranny_n upon_o which_o all_o resolution_n of_o force_n or_o rigour_n grow_v unsafe_a for_o the_o government_n now_o too_o weak_a for_o such_o a_o revolution_n of_o the_o people_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n brederode_n in_o confidence_n of_o the_o general_a favour_n come_v in_o the_o head_n of_o two_o hundred_o gentleman_n through_o the_o province_n to_o brussels_n and_o in_o bold_a term_n petition_v the_o governess_n for_o abolish_n the_o inquisition_n and_o edict_n about_o religion_n and_o that_o new_a one_o shall_v be_v frame_v by_o a_o convention_n of_o the_o state_n the_o governess_n be_v force_v to_o use_v gentle_a remedy_n to_o so_o violent_a a_o disease_n to_o receive_v the_o petition_n without_o show_n of_o the_o resentment_n she_o have_v at_o heart_n and_o to_o promise_v a_o representation_n of_o their_o desire_n to_o the_o king_n which_o be_v according_o do_v but_o though_o the_o king_n be_v startle_v with_o such_o consequence_n of_o his_o last_o command_n and_o at_o length_n induce_v to_o recall_v they_o yet_o whether_o by_o the_o slowness_n of_o his_o nature_n or_o the_o form_n of_o the_o spanish_a court_n the_o answer_n come_v too_o late_o and_o as_o all_o his_o former_a concession_n either_o by_o delay_n or_o testimony_n of_o ill-will_n or_o meaning_n in_o they_o have_v lose_v the_o good_a grace_n so_o this_o lose_v absolute_o the_o effect_n and_o come_v into_o the_o low-countries_n when_o all_o be_v in_o flame_n by_o a_o insurrection_n of_o the_o mean_a people_n through_o many_o great_a town_n of_o flanders_n holland_n and_o utrecht_n who_o fall_v violent_o upon_o the_o spoil_n of_o church_n and_o destruction_n of_o image_n with_o a_o thousand_o circumstance_n of_o barbarous_a and_o brutish_a fury_n which_o with_o the_o institution_n of_o consistory_n and_o magistrate_n in_o each_o town_n among_o those_o of_o the_o reform_a profession_n with_o public_a confederacy_n and_o distinction_n and_o private_a contribution_n agree_v upon_o for_o the_o support_n of_o their_o common_a cause_n give_v the_o first_o date_n in_o this_o year_n of_o 1566_o to_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o low-countries_n but_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o rich_a of_o the_o people_n in_o the_o city_n though_o unsatisfied_a with_o the_o government_n yet_o feel_v the_o effect_n and_o abhor_v the_o rage_n of_o popular_a tumult_n as_o the_o worst_a mischief_n that_o can_v befall_v any_o state_n and_o encourage_v by_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o king_n concession_n begin_v to_o unite_v their_o counsel_n and_o force_n with_o those_o of_o the_o governess_n and_o to_o employ_v themselves_o both_o with_o great_a vigour_n and_o loyalty_n for_o suppress_v the_o late_a insurrection_n that_o have_v seize_v upon_o many_o and_o shake_v most_o of_o the_o city_n of_o the_o province_n in_o which_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o count_n egmont_n be_v great_a instrument_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o great_a charge_n one_o be_v governor_n of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n and_o the_o other_o of_o flanders_n but_o more_o by_o the_o general_a love_n and_o confidence_n of_o the_o people_n till_o by_o the_o reduce_n valenciens_fw-fr maestricht_n and_o the_o burse_n by_o arm_n the_o submission_n of_o antwerp_n and_o other_o town_n the_o defection_n of_o count_n egmont_n from_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o confederate_a lord_n as_o they_o be_v call_v the_o retreat_z of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n into_o germany_n and_o the_o death_n of_o brederode_n with_o the_o news_n and_o preparation_n of_o king_n philip_n sudden_a journey_n into_o the_o low-countries_n as_o well_o as_o the_o prudence_n and_o moderation_n of_o the_o duchess_n in_o govern_v all_o these_o circumstance_n the_o whole_a estate_n of_o the_o province_n be_v perfect_o restore_v to_o its_o former_a peace_n obedience_n and_o at_o least_o appearance_n of_o loyalty_n king_n philip_n whether_o have_v never_o real_o decree_v his_o journey_n into_o flanders_n or_o divert_v by_o the_o pacification_n of_o the_o province_n and_o apprehension_n of_o the_o moor_n rebel_a in_o spain_n or_o a_o distrust_n of_o his_o son_n prince_n charles_n his_o violent_a passion_n and_o disposition_n or_o the_o expectation_n of_o what_o have_v be_v resolve_v at_o bayonne_n grow_v ripe_a for_o execution_n in_o france_n give_v over_o the_o discourse_n of_o see_v the_o low-countries_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n take_v up_o the_o resolution_n for_o dispatch_v the_o duke_n of_o alva_n thither_o at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o veterane_n spanish_a and_o italian_a troop_n for_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o governess_n the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n the_o suppress_n and_o punishment_n of_o all_o who_o have_v be_v author_n or_o fomentor_n of_o the_o late_a sedition_n this_o result_n be_v put_v sudden_o in_o execution_n though_o whole_o against_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n in_o flanders_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o feria_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a minister_n in_o spain_n who_o think_v the_o present_a peace_n of_o the_o province_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v invade_v by_o new_a occasion_n nor_o the_o royal_a authority_n lessen_v by_o be_v make_v a_o party_n in_o a_o war_n upon_o his_o subject_n nor_o a_o minister_n employ_v where_o he_o be_v so_o profess_o both_o hate_v and_o hate_a as_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n in_o the_o low-countries_n but_o the_o king_n be_v unmovable_a so_o that_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n 1567._o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n arrive_v there_o with_o a_o army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o the_o best_a spanish_n and_o italian_a soldier_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o choice_a officer_n which_o the_o war_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o or_o philip_n the_o second_o have_v breed_v up_o in_o europe_n which_o with_o two_o thousand_o germane_a the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n have_v raise_v in_o the_o last_o tumult_n and_o under_o the_o command_n of_o so_o old_a and_o renown_a a_o general_n as_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n make_v up_o a_o force_n which_o nothing_o in_o the_o low-countries_n can_v look_v in_o the_o face_n with_o other_o eye_n than_o of_o astonishment_n submission_n or_o despair_n upon_o the_o first_o report_n of_o this_o expedition_n the_o trading-people_n of_o the_o town_n and_o country_n begin_v in_o vast_a number_n to_o retire_v out_o of_o the_o province_n so_o as_o the_o duchess_n write_v to_o the_o king_n that_o in_o few_o day_n above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n have_v leave_v the_o country_n and_o withdraw_v both_o their_o money_n and_o good_n and_o more_o be_v follow_v every_o day_n so_o great_a antipathy_n there_o ever_o appear_v between_o merchant_n and_o soldier_n whilst_o one_o pretend_v to_o be_v safe_a under_o law_n which_o the_o other_o pretend_v shall_v be_v subject_a to_o his_o sword_n and_o his_o will._n and_o upon_o the_o first_o action_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n after_o his_o arrival_n which_o be_v the_o seize_v count_n egmont_n and_o horn_n as_o well_o as_o the_o suspect_a death_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o berghen_n and_o imprisonment_n of_o montigny_n in_o spain_n whither_o some_o month_n before_o they_o have_v be_v send_v
surprise_v than_o in_o any_o place_n i_o know_v so_o as_o a_o warm_a faint_a air_n turn_v in_o a_o night_n to_o a_o sharp_a frost_n with_o the_o wind_n come_v into_o the_o north-east_n and_o the_o contrary_a with_o another_o change_n of_o wind._n the_o spring_n be_v much_o short_a and_o less_o agreeable_a than_o with_o we_o the_o winter_n much_o cold_a and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o summer_n much_o hot_a and_o i_o have_v know_v more_o than_o once_o the_o violence_n of_o one_o give_v way_n to_o that_o of_o the_o other_o like_o the_o cold_a fit_a of_o a_o ague_n to_o the_o hot_a without_o any_o good_a temper_n between_o the_o flatness_n of_o their_o land_n expose_v it_o to_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o force_v they_o to_o infinite_a charge_n in_o the_o continual_a fence_n and_o repair_n of_o their_o bank_n to_o oppose_v it_o which_o employ_v yearly_o more_o man_n than_o all_o the_o corn_n of_o the_o province_n of_o holland_n can_v maintain_v as_o one_o of_o their_o chief_a minister_n have_v tell_v i_o they_o have_v late_o find_v the_o common_a seaweed_n to_o be_v the_o best_a material_a for_o these_o digue_n which_o fasten_v with_o a_o thin_a mixture_n of_o earth_n yield_v a_o little_a to_o the_o force_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o return_n when_o the_o wave_n give_v back_o whether_o they_o be_v thereby_o the_o safe_a against_o water_n as_o they_o say_v house_n that_o shake_v be_v against_o wind_n or_o whither_o as_o pious_a naturalist_n observe_v all_o thing_n carry_v about_o they_o that_o which_o serve_v for_o a_o remedy_n against_o the_o mischief_n they_o do_v in_o the_o world_n the_o extreme_a moisture_n of_o the_o air_n i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o great_a neatness_n in_o their_o house_n and_o cleanliness_n in_o their_o to_n for_o without_o the_o help_n of_o those_o custom_n their_o country_n will_v not_o be_v habitable_a by_o such_o crowd_n of_o people_n but_o the_o air_n will_v corrupt_v upon_o every_o hot_a season_n and_o expose_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o general_a and_o infectious_a disease_n which_o they_o hardly_o escape_v three_o summer_n together_o especial_o about_o leyden_n where_o the_o water_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o renew_v and_o for_o this_o reason_n i_o suppose_v it_o be_v that_o leyden_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o neat_a and_o clean_a keep_v of_o all_o their_o to_n the_o same_o moisture_n of_o air_n make_v all_o metal_n apt_a to_o rust_v and_o wood_n to_o mould_n which_o force_v they_o by_o continual_a pain_n of_o rub_v and_o scour_v to_o seek_v a_o prevention_n or_o cure_n this_o make_v the_o brightness_n and_o cleanness_n that_o seem_v affect_v in_o their_o house_n and_o be_v call_v natural_a to_o they_o by_o people_n who_o think_v no_o further_o so_o the_o deepness_n of_o their_o soil_n and_o wetness_n of_o season_n which_o will_v render_v it_o unpassable_a force_v they_o not_o only_o to_o exactness_n of_o pave_v in_o their_o street_n but_o to_o the_o expense_n of_o so_o long_a cawsy_n between_o many_o of_o their_o town_n and_o in_o their_o highway_n as_o indeed_o most_o national_a custom_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o some_o unseen_a or_o unobserved_a natural_a cause_n or_o necessity_n chap._n iu._n of_o their_o people_n and_o disposition_n the_o people_n of_o holland_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o these_o several_a class_n the_o clown_n or_o boor_n as_o they_o call_v they_o who_o cultivate_v the_o land_n the_o mariner_n or_o schippers_n who_o supply_v their_o ship_n and_o inland-boat_n the_o merchant_n or_o trader_n who_o fill_v their_o to_n the_o renteener_n or_o man_n that_o live_v in_o all_o their_o chief_a city_n upon_o the_o rent_n or_o interest_n of_o estate_n former_o acquire_v in_o their_o family_n and_o the_o gentleman_n and_o officer_n of_o their_o army_n the_o first_o be_v a_o race_n of_o people_n diligent_o rather_o than_o laborious_a dull_a and_o slow_a of_o understanding_n and_o so_o not_o deal_v with_o by_o hasty_a word_n but_o manage_v easy_o by_o soft_a and_o fair_a and_o yield_v to_o plain_a reason_n if_o you_o give_v they_o time_n to_o understand_v it_o in_o the_o country_n and_o village_n not_o too_o near_o the_o great_a town_n they_o seem_v plain_a and_o honest_a and_o content_a with_o their_o own_o so_o that_o if_o in_o bounty_n you_o give_v they_o a_o shilling_n for_o what_o be_v worth_a but_o a_o groat_n they_o will_v take_v the_o current_a price_n and_o give_v you_o the_o rest_n again_o if_o you_o bid_v they_o take_v it_o they_o know_v not_o what_o you_o mean_v and_o sometime_o ask_v if_o you_o be_v a_o fool._n they_o know_v no_o other_o good_a but_o the_o supply_n of_o what_o nature_n require_v and_o the_o common_a increase_n of_o wealth_n they_o feed_v most_o upon_o herb_n root_n and_o milks_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v i_o suppose_v neither_o their_o strength_n nor_o vigour_n seem_v answerable_a to_o the_o size_n or_o bulk_n of_o their_o body_n the_o mariner_n be_v a_o plain_a but_o much_o rough_a people_n whether_o from_o the_o element_n they_o live_v in_o or_o from_o their_o food_n which_o be_v general_o fish_n and_o corn_n and_o hearty_o than_o that_o of_o the_o boor_n they_o be_v surly_a and_o ill-mannered_a which_o be_v mistake_v for_o pride_n but_o i_o believe_v be_v learn_v as_o all_o manner_n be_v by_o the_o conversation_n we_o use_v now_o they_o lie_v only_a among_o one_o another_o or_o with_o wind_n and_o wave_n which_o be_v not_o move_v or_o wrought_v upon_o by_o any_o language_n or_o observance_n or_o to_o be_v deal_v with_o but_o by_o pain_n and_o by_o patience_n these_o be_v all_o the_o quality_n their_o mariner_n have_v learn_v their_o valour_n be_v passive_a rather_o than_o active_a and_o their_o language_n be_v little_o more_o than_o what_o be_v of_o necessary_a use_n to_o their_o business_n the_o merchant_n and_o tradesman_n both_o the_o great_a and_o mechanic_n live_v in_o town_n that_o be_v of_o great_a resort_n both_o by_o stranger_n and_o passenger_n of_o their_o own_o be_v more_o mercurial_a wit_n be_v sharpen_v by_o commerce_n and_o conversation_n of_o city_n though_o they_o be_v not_o very_o inventive_a which_o be_v the_o gift_n of_o warm_a head_n yet_o be_v they_o great_a in_o imitation_n and_o so_o far_o many_o time_n as_o go_v beyond_o the_o original_n of_o mighty_a industry_n and_o constant_a application_n to_o the_o end_v they_o propose_v and_o pursue_v they_o make_v use_v of_o their_o skill_n and_o their_o wit_n to_o take_v advantage_n of_o other_o man_n ignorance_n and_o folly_n they_o deal_v with_o be_v great_a exacter_n where_o the_o law_n be_v in_o their_o own_o hand_n in_o other_o point_n where_o they_o deal_v with_o man_n that_o understand_v like_o themselves_o and_o be_v under_o the_o reach_n of_o justice_n and_o 〈◊〉_d they_o be_v the_o plain_a and_o best_a dealer_n in_o the_o world_n which_o seem_v not_o to_o grow_v so_o much_o from_o a_o principle_n of_o conscience_n or_o morality_n as_o from_o a_o custom_n or_o habit_n introduce_v by_o the_o necessity_n of_o trade_n among_o they_o which_o depend_v as_o much_o upon_o common-honesty_n as_o war_n do_v upon_o discipline_n and_o without_o which_o all_o will_v break_v up_o merchant_n will_v turn_v pedlar_n and_o soldier_n thief_n those_o family_n which_o live_v upon_o their_o patrimonial_a estate_n in_o all_o the_o great_a city_n be_v a_o people_n different_o breed_v and_o manner_a from_o the_o trader_n though_o like_o they_o in_o the_o modesty_n of_o garb_n and_o habit_n and_o the_o parsimony_n of_o live_v their_o youth_n be_v general_o breed_v up_o at_o school_n and_o at_o the_o university_n of_o leyden_n or_o utrecht_n in_o the_o common_a study_n of_o human_a learning_n but_o chief_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o be_v that_o of_o their_o country_n at_o least_o as_o far_o as_o it_o be_v so_o in_o france_n and_o spain_n for_o as_o much_o as_o i_o understand_v of_o those_o country_n no_o decision_n or_o decree_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n nor_o constitution_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n have_v the_o force_n or_o current_n of_o law_n among_o they_o as_o be_v common_o believe_v but_o only_o the_o force_n of_o reason_n when_o allege_v before_o their_o court_n of_o judicature_n as_o far_o as_o the_o authority_n of_o man_n esteem_v wise_a pass_v for_o reason_n but_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o those_o several_a country_n and_o the_o ordonnance_n of_o their_o king_n and_o prince_n consent_v to_o by_o the_o estate_n or_o in_o france_n verify_v by_o parliament_n have_v only_o the_o strength_n and_o authority_n of_o law_n among_o they_o where_o these_o family_n be_v rich_a their_o youth_n after_o the_o course_n of_o their_o study_n at_o home_n travel_n for_o some_o year_n as_o the_o son_n of_o our_o gentry_n use_v to_o do_v but_o their_o journey_n be_v chief_o into_o england_n and_o france_n not_o
mutual_a trust_n among_o private_a man_n so_o it_o can_v grow_v or_o thrive_v to_o any_o great_a degree_n without_o a_o confidence_n both_o of_o public_a and_o private_a safety_n and_o consequent_o a_o trust_n in_o the_o government_n from_o a_o opinion_n of_o its_o strength_n wisdom_n and_o justice_n which_o must_v be_v ground_v either_o upon_o the_o personal_a virtue_n and_o quality_n of_o a_o prince_n or_o else_o upon_o the_o constitution_n and_o order_n of_o a_o state_n it_o appear_v to_o every_o man_n eye_n who_o have_v travel_v holland_n and_o observe_v the_o number_n and_o vicinity_n of_o their_o great_a and_o populous_a town_n and_o village_n with_o the_o prodigious_a improvement_n of_o almost_o every_o spot_n of_o ground_n in_o the_o country_n and_o the_o great_a multitude_n constant_o employ_v in_o their_o ship_n abroad_o and_o their_o boat_n at_o home_n that_o no_o other_o know_v country_n in_o the_o world_n of_o the_o same_o extent_n hold_v any_o proportion_n with_o this_o in_o number_n of_o people_n and_o if_o that_o be_v the_o great_a foundation_n of_o trade_n the_o best_a account_n that_o can_v be_v give_v of_o they_o will_v be_v by_o consider_v the_o cause_n and_o accident_n that_o have_v serve_v to_o force_v or_o invite_v so_o vast_a a_o confluence_n of_o people_n into_o their_o country_n in_o the_o first_o rank_n may_v be_v place_v the_o civil-war_n calamity_n persecution_n oppression_n or_o discontent_n that_o have_v be_v so_o fatal_a to_o most_o of_o their_o neighbour_n for_o some_o time_n before_o as_o well_o as_o since_o their_o state_n begin_v the_o persecution_n for_o matter_n of_o religion_n in_o germany_n under_o charles_n the_o five_o in_o france_n under_o henry_n the_o second_o and_o in_o england_n under_o queen_n mary_n force_v great_a number_n of_o people_n out_o of_o all_o those_o country_n to_o shelter_v themselves_o in_o the_o several_a town_n of_o the_o seventeen_o province_n where_o the_o ancient_a liberty_n of_o the_o country_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o city_n have_v be_v inviolate_a under_o so_o long_a a_o succession_n of_o prince_n and_o give_v protection_n to_o these_o oppress_a stranger_n who_o fill_v their_o city_n both_o with_o people_n and_o trade_n and_o raise_v antwerp_n to_o such_o a_o height_n and_o renown_n as_o continue_v till_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n arrival_n in_o the_o low-countries_n the_o fright_n of_o this_o man_n and_o the_o order_n he_o bring_v and_o army_n to_o execute_v they_o begin_v to_o scatter_v the_o flock_n of_o people_n that_o for_o some_o time_n have_v be_v nest_v there_o so_o as_o in_o very_a few_o month_n above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o family_n remove_v out_o of_o the_o country_n but_o when_o the_o seven_o province_n unite_v and_o begin_v to_o defend_v themselves_o with_o success_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o the_o countenance_n of_o england_n and_o france_n and_o the_o persecution_n for_o religion_n begin_v to_o grow_v sharp_a in_o the_o spanish_a province_n all_o the_o professor_n of_o the_o reform_a religion_n and_o hater_n of_o the_o spanish_a dominion_n retire_v into_o the_o strong_a city_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n and_o give_v the_o same_o date_n to_o the_o growth_n of_o trade_n there_o and_o the_o decay_n of_o it_o at_o antwerp_n the_o long_a civil-war_n at_o first_o of_o france_n then_o of_o germany_n and_o last_o of_o england_n serve_v to_o increase_v the_o swarm_n in_o this_o country_n not_o only_o by_o such_o as_o be_v persecute_v at_o home_n but_o great_a number_n of_o peaceable_a man_n who_o come_v here_o to_o seek_v for_o quiet_a in_o their_o life_n and_o safety_n in_o their_o possession_n or_o trade_n like_o those_o bird_n that_o upon_o the_o approach_n of_o a_o rough_a winter-season_n leave_v the_o country_n where_o they_o be_v bear_v and_o breed_v fly_v away_o to_o some_o kind_a and_o soft_a climate_n and_o never_o return_v till_o the_o frost_n be_v past_a and_o the_o wind_n be_v lay_v at_o home_n the_o invitation_n these_o people_n have_v to_o fix_v rather_o in_o holland_n than_o in_o many_o better_a country_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v at_o first_o the_o great_a strength_n of_o their_o town_n which_o by_o their_o maritime_a situation_n and_o the_o low_a flatness_n of_o their_o country_n can_v with_o their_o sluice_n overflow_v all_o the_o ground_n about_o they_o at_o such_o distance_n as_o to_o become_v inaccessible_a to_o any_o land-force_n and_o this_o natural_a strength_n have_v be_v improve_v especial_o at_o amsterdam_n by_o all_o the_o art_n and_o expense_n that_o can_v any_o way_n contribute_v towards_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o place_n next_o be_v the_o constitution_n of_o their_o government_n by_o which_o neither_o the_o states-general_n nor_o the_o prince_n have_v any_o power_n to_o invade_v any_o man_n person_n or_o property_n within_o the_o precinct_n of_o their_o city_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v fear_v that_o the_o senate_n of_o any_o town_n shall_v conspire_v to_o any_o such_o violence_n nor_o if_o they_o do_v can_v they_o possible_o execute_v it_o have_v no_o soldier_n in_o their_o pay_n and_o the_o burgher_n only_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o town_n and_o execution_n of_o all_o civil_a justice_n among_o they_o these_o circumstance_n give_v so_o great_a a_o credit_n to_o the_o bank_n of_o amsterdam_n and_o that_o be_v another_o invitation_n for_o people_n to_o come_v and_o lodge_v here_o what_o part_n of_o their_o money_n they_o can_v transport_v and_o know_v no_o way_n of_o secure_v at_o home_n nor_o do_v those_o people_n only_o lodge_v money_n here_o who_o come_v over_o into_o the_o country_n but_o many_o more_o who_o never_o leave_v their_o own_o though_o they_o provide_v for_o a_o retreat_n or_o against_o a_o storm_n and_o think_v no_o place_n so_o secure_a as_o this_o nor_o from_o whence_o they_o may_v so_o easy_o draw_v their_o money_n into_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n another_o circumstance_n be_v the_o general_a liberty_n and_o ease_n not_o only_o in_o point_n of_o conscience_n but_o all_o other_o that_o serve_v to_o the_o commodiousness_n and_o quiet_a of_o life_n every_o man_n follow_v his_o own_o way_n mind_v his_o own_o business_n and_o little_o inquire_v into_o other_o man_n which_o i_o suppose_v happen_v by_o so_o great_a a_o concourse_n of_o people_n of_o several_a nation_n different_a religion_n and_o custom_n as_o leave_v nothing_o strange_a or_o new_a and_o by_o the_o general_a humour_n bend_v all_o upon_o industry_n whereas_o curiosity_n be_v only_o proper_a to_o idle_a man_n beside_o it_o have_v ever_o be_v the_o great_a principle_n of_o their_o state_n run_v through_o all_o their_o province_n and_o city_n even_o with_o emulation_n to_o make_v their_o country_n the_o common_a refuge_n of_o all_o miserable_a man_n from_o who_o protection_n hardly_o any_o alliance_n treaty_n or_o interest_n have_v ever_o be_v able_a to_o divert_v or_o remove_v they_o so_o as_o during_o the_o great_a dependence_n this_o state_n have_v upon_o france_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o all_o the_o person_n disgrace_v at_o that_o court_n or_o banish_v that_o country_n make_v this_o their_o common_a retreat_n nor_o can_v the_o state_n ever_o be_v prevail_v with_o by_o any_o instance_n of_o the_o french_a ambassador_n to_o refuse_v they_o the_o use_n and_o liberty_n of_o common_a life_n and_o air_n under_o the_o protection_n of_o their_o government_n this_o firmness_n in_o the_o state_n have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o circumstance_n that_o have_v invite_v so_o many_o unhappy_a man_n out_o of_o all_o their_o neighbourhood_n and_o indeed_o from_o most_o part_n of_o europe_n to_o shelter_v themselves_o from_o the_o blow_n of_o justice_n or_o of_o fortune_n nor_o indeed_o do_v any_o country_n seem_v so_o proper_a to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o upon_o such_o occasion_n not_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o safety_n but_o as_o a_o place_n that_o hold_v so_o constant_a and_o easy_a correspondency_n with_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o whither_o any_o man_n may_v draw_v whatever_o money_n he_o have_v at_o his_o disposal_n in_o any_o other_o place_n where_o neither_o riches_n expose_v man_n to_o danger_n nor_o poverty_n to_o contempt_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a where_o parsimony_n be_v honourable_a whether_o it_o be_v necessary_a or_o no_o and_o he_o that_o be_v force_v by_o his_o fortune_n to_o live_v low_a may_v here_o alone_o live_v in_o fashion_n and_o upon_o equal_a term_n in_o appearance_n abroad_o with_o the_o chief_a of_o their_o minister_n and_o rich_a of_o their_o merchant_n nor_o be_v it_o easy_o imagine_v how_o great_a a_o effect_n this_o constitution_n among_o they_o may_v in_o course_n of_o time_n have_v have_v upon_o the_o increase_n both_o of_o their_o people_n and_o their_o trade_n as_o the_o two_o first_o invitation_n of_o people_n into_o this_o country_n be_v the_o strength_n of_o their_o
venetian_a fleet_n and_o disperse_v into_o most_o of_o the_o part_n of_o europe_n and_o in_o those_o time_n we_o find_v the_o whole_a trade_n of_o england_n be_v drive_v by_o venetian_n florentine_n and_o lombard_n the_o easterling_n who_o be_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o hans-town_n as_o dantzic_n lubeick_n hamburgh_n and_o other_o upon_o that_o coast_n fall_v next_o into_o trade_n and_o manage_v all_o that_o of_o these_o northern_a part_n for_o many_o year_n and_o bring_v it_o first_o down_n to_o bruges_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o antwerp_n the_o first_o navigation_n of_o the_o portuguess_n to_o the_o east-indies_n break_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o venetian_a trade_n and_o draw_v it_o to_o lisbon_n and_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o netherlands_o that_o of_o antwerp_n to_o holland_n but_o in_o all_o this_o time_n the_o other_o and_o great_a nation_n of_o europe_n concern_v themselves_o little_a in_o it_o their_o trade_n be_v war_n their_o counsel_n and_o erterprise_n be_v busy_v in_o the_o quarrel_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n or_o in_o those_o between_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o emperor_n both_o of_o the_o same_o forge_n engage_v all_o christian_a prince_n and_o end_v in_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n throughout_o christendom_n sometime_o in_o the_o mighty_a war_n between_o england_n and_o france_n between_o france_n and_o spain_n the_o more_o general_a between_o christian_a and_o turk_n or_o more_o particular_a quarrel_n between_o lesser_a an_o neighbouring-prince_n in_o short_a the_o kingdom_n and_o principality_n be_v in_o the_o world_n like_o the_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n in_o a_o country_n the_o free-state_n and_o city_n like_o the_o merchant_n and_o trader_n these_o at_o first_o despise_v by_o the_o other_o the_o other_o serve_v and_o revere_v by_o they_o till_o by_o the_o various_a course_n of_o event_n in_o the_o world_n some_o of_o these_o come_v to_o grow_v rich_a and_o powerful_a by_o industry_n and_o parsimony_n and_o some_o of_o the_o other_o poor_a by_o war_n and_o by_o luxury_n which_o make_v the_o trader_n begin_v to_o take_v upon_o they_o and_o carry_v it_o like_o gentleman_n and_o the_o gentleman_n begin_v to_o take_v a_o fancy_n of_o fall_v to_o trade_n by_o this_o short_a account_n it_o will_v appear_v no_o wonder_n either_o that_o particular_a place_n grow_v so_o rich_a and_o so_o mighty_a while_o they_o alone_o enjoy_v almost_o the_o general_a trade_n of_o the_o world_n nor_o why_o not_o only_o the_o trade_n in_o holland_n but_o the_o advantage_n of_o it_o in_o general_a shall_v seem_v to_o be_v lessen_v by_o so_o many_o that_o share_v it_o another_o cause_n of_o its_o decay_n in_o that_o state_n may_v be_v that_o by_o the_o mighty_a progress_n of_o their_o east-indy_n company_n the_o commodity_n of_o that_o country_n be_v grow_v more_o than_o these_o part_n of_o the_o world_n can_v take_v off_o and_o consequent_o the_o rate_n of_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v lessen_v while_o the_o charge_n be_v increase_v by_o the_o great_a war_n the_o army_n and_o fort_n necessary_a to_o maintain_v or_o extend_v the_o acquisition_n of_o that_o company_n in_o the_o indies_n for_o instead_o of_o five_o or_o six_o east-indy_n ship_n which_o use_v to_o make_v the_o fleet_n of_o the_o year_n they_o be_v now_o rise_v to_o eighteen_o or_o twenty_o i_o think_v two_o and_o twenty_o come_v in_o one_o year_n to_o the_o unite_a province_n this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o particular_a person_n of_o that_o company_n in_o holland_n make_v not_o so_o great_a advantage_n of_o the_o same_o stock_n as_o those_o of_o we_o do_v in_o england_n though_o their_o company_n be_v very_o much_o rich_a and_o drive_v a_o far_o great_a trade_n than_o we_o which_o be_v exhaust_v by_o no_o charge_n of_o army_n or_o fort_n or_o ship_n of_o war_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o the_o dutch_a be_v force_v to_o keep_v so_o long_o and_o so_o much_o of_o those_o commodity_n in_o their_o magazine_n here_o and_o to_o bring_v they_o out_o only_o as_o the_o market_n call_v for_o they_o or_o be_v able_a to_o take_v off_o and_o why_o they_o bring_v so_o much_o less_o from_o the_o indies_n than_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v if_o there_o be_v vent_n enough_o here_o as_o i_o remember_v one_o of_o their_o seaman_n new_o land_v out_o of_o their_o east-indy_n fleet_n in_o the_o year_n 69_o upon_o discourse_n in_o a_o boat_n between_o delf_n and_o leyden_n say_v he_o have_v see_v before_o he_o come_v away_o three_o heap_n of_o nutmeg_n burn_v at_o a_o time_n each_o of_o which_o be_v more_o than_o a_o small_a church_n can_v hold_v which_o he_o point_v at_o in_o a_o village_n that_o be_v in_o sight_n another_o cause_n may_v be_v the_o great_a cheapness_n of_o corn_n which_o have_v be_v for_o these_o dozen_o year_n or_o more_o general_a in_o all_o these_o part_n of_o europe_n and_o which_o have_v a_o very_a great_a influence_n upon_o the_o trade_n of_o holland_n for_o a_o great_a vent_n of_o indian_a commodity_n at_o least_o the_o spice_n which_o be_v the_o gross_a of_o they_o use_v to_o be_v make_v into_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o europe_n in_o exchange_n for_o corn_n while_o it_o be_v take_v off_o at_o good_a rate_n by_o the_o market_n of_o flanders_n england_n france_n spain_n or_o italy_n in_o all_o which_o country_n it_o have_v of_o late_a year_n go_v so_o low_o as_o to_o discourage_v the_o import_n of_o so_o great_a quantity_n as_o use_v to_o come_v from_o poland_n and_o prussia_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o north._n now_o the_o less_o value_n those_o nation_n receive_v for_o corn_n the_o less_o they_o be_v able_a to_o give_v for_o spice_n which_o be_v a_o great_a loss_n to_o the_o dutch_a on_o both_o side_n lessen_v the_o vent_n of_o their_o indian_a ware_n in_o the_o northern_a and_o the_o traffic_n of_o corn_n in_o the_o southern_a part_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o great_a cheapness_n of_o corn_n seem_v to_o be_v not_o so_o much_o a_o course_n of_o plentiful_a and_o seasonable_a year_n as_o the_o general_a peace_n that_o have_v be_v in_o europe_n since_o the_o year_n 59_o or_o 60_o by_o which_o so_o many_o man_n and_o so_o much_o land_n have_v be_v turn_v to_o husbandry_n that_o be_v before_o employ_v in_o the_o war_n or_o lay_v waste_v by_o they_o in_o all_o the_o frontier-province_n of_o france_n and_o spain_n as_o well_o as_o throughout_o germany_n before_o the_o peace_n of_o munster_n and_o in_o england_n during_o the_o action_n or_o consequence_n of_o a_o civil_a war_n and_o plenty_n grow_v not_o to_o a_o height_n but_o by_o the_o succession_n of_o several_a peaceful_a as_o well_o as_o seasonable_a year_n the_o last_o cause_n i_o will_v mention_v be_v the_o mighty_a enlargement_n of_o the_o city_n of_o amsterdam_n by_o that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o new_a town_n the_o extent_n whereof_o be_v so_o spacious_a and_o the_o building_n of_o so_o much_o great_a beauty_n and_o cost_n than_o the_o old_a that_o it_o must_v have_v employ_v a_o vast_a proportion_n of_o that_o stock_n which_o in_o this_o city_n be_v before_o whole_o turn_v to_o trade_n beside_o there_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v grow_v on_o for_o these_o late_a year_n a_o great_a vie_v of_o luxury_n and_o expense_n among_o many_o of_o the_o merchant_n of_o that_o town_n than_o be_v ever_o former_o know_v which_o be_v observe_v and_o complain_v of_o as_o well_o as_o the_o enlargement_n of_o their_o city_n by_o some_o of_o the_o wise_a of_o their_o minister_n while_o i_o reside_v among_o they_o who_o design_v some_o regulation_n by_o sumptuary_n law_n as_o know_v the_o very_a foundation_n of_o their_o trade_n will_v soon_o be_v undermine_v if_o the_o habitual_a industry_n parsimony_n and_o simplicity_n of_o their_o people_n come_v to_o be_v overrun_v by_o luxury_n idleness_n and_o excess_n however_o it_o happen_v i_o find_v it_o agree_v by_o all_o the_o most_o diligent_a and_o circumspect_a inquiry_n i_o can_v make_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 69_o and_o 70_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o foreign_a trade_n among_o they_o beside_o that_o of_o the_o indies_n by_o which_o the_o trader_n make_v the_o return_n of_o their_o money_n without_o loss_n and_o none_o by_o which_o the_o gain_n be_v above_o two_o in_o the_o hundred_o so_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v with_o trade_n as_o with_o the_o sea_n its_o element_n that_o have_v a_o certain_a pitch_n above_o which_o it_o never_o rise_v in_o the_o high_a tide_n and_o begin_v to_o ebb_v as_o soon_o as_o ever_o it_o cease_v to_o flow_v and_o ever_o lose_v ground_n in_o one_o place_n proportionable_o to_o what_o it_o gain_v in_o another_o chap._n vii_o of_o their_o force_n and_o revenue_n the_o strength_n and_o force_n of_o a_o kingdom_n or_o state_n be_v measure_v in_o former_a age_n by_o the_o number_n
a_o height_n as_o make_v it_o either_o delightful_a or_o terrible_a to_o the_o eye_n and_o useful_a or_o dangerous_a to_o the_o country_n about_o it_o the_o number_n and_o fury_n of_o the_o northern_a nation_n under_o many_o different_a name_n have_v by_o several_a inundation_n break_v down_o the_o whole_a frame_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n extend_v in_o their_o province_n as_o far_o as_o the_o rhine_n either_o give_v a_o birth_n or_o make_v way_n for_o the_o several_a kingdom_n and_o principality_n that_o have_v since_o continue_v in_o the_o part_n of_o europe_n on_o this_o side_n that_o river_n which_o make_v the_o ancient_a limit_n of_o the_o gaul_n and_o german_a nation_n the_o tract_n of_o land_n which_o we_o usual_o call_v the_o low-countries_n be_v so_o waste_v by_o the_o invasion_n or_o march_n of_o this_o rage_a people_n who_o pass_v by_o they_o to_o great_a conquest_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n grow_v thin_a and_o be_v secure_a of_o nothing_o they_o possess_v fall_v to_o seek_v the_o support_n of_o their_o life_n rather_o by_o hunt_v or_o by_o violence_n than_o by_o labour_n and_o industry_n and_o thereby_o the_o ground_n come_v to_o be_v uncultivated_a and_o in_o the_o course_n of_o year_n turn_v either_o to_o forest_n or_o marsh_n which_o be_v the_o two_o natural_a soyl_n of_o all_o desolate_v land_n in_o the_o more_o temperate_a region_n for_o by_o soak_v of_o frequent_a shower_n and_o the_o course_n of_o water_n from_o the_o high_a into_o low_a ground_n when_o there_o be_v no_o issue_n that_o help_v they_o to_o break_v out_o into_o a_o channel_n the_o flat_a land_n grow_v to_o be_v a_o mixture_n of_o earth_n and_o water_n and_o neither_o of_o common_a use_n nor_o passage_n to_o man_n or_o beast_n which_o be_v call_v a_o marsh._n though_o high_o and_o so_o the_o dry_a part_n moisten_v by_o the_o rain_n and_o warm_v by_o the_o sun_n shoot_v forth_o some_o sort_n of_o plant_n as_o natural_o as_o body_n do_v some_o sort_n of_o hair_n which_o be_v preserve_v by_o the_o desolateness_n of_o a_o place_n untrodden_a as_o well_o as_o untilled_a grow_v to_o such_o tree_n or_o shrub_n as_o be_v natural_a to_o the_o soil_n and_o those_o in_o time_n produce_v both_o food_n and_o shelter_n for_o several_a kind_n of_o beast_n make_v the_o sort_n of_o country_n we_o call_v a_o forest._n and_o such_o be_v flanders_n for_o many_o year_n before_o charlemaign'_v time_n when_o the_o power_n of_o the_o franc_n have_v raise_v and_o establish_v a_o great_a kingdom_n of_o their_o own_o upon_o the_o entire_a conquest_n of_o gaul_n begin_v to_o reduce_v the_o disorder_n of_o that_o country_n to_o the_o form_n of_o a_o civil_a or_o at_o least_o military_a government_n to_o make_v division_n and_o distribution_n of_o land_n and_o jurisdiction_n by_o the_o bounty_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o service_n of_o his_o chief_a follower_n and_o commander_n to_o one_o of_o who_o a_o great_a extent_n of_o this_o land_n be_v give_v with_o the_o title_n of_o forester_n of_o flanders_n this_o office_n continue_v for_o several_a descent_n and_o begin_v to_o civilize_v the_o country_n by_o repress_v the_o violence_n of_o robber_n and_o spoiler_n who_o infest_a the_o woody_a and_o fast-place_n and_o by_o encourage_v the_o mild_a people_n to_o fall_v into_o civil_a society_n to_o trust_v to_o their_o industry_n for_o subsistence_n to_o law_n for_o protection_n and_o to_o their_o arm_n unite_v under_o the_o care_n and_o conduct_v of_o their_o governor_n for_o safety_n and_o defence_n in_o the_o time_n of_o charlemaigne_n as_o some_o write_v or_o as_o other_o in_o that_o of_o charles_n the_o bald_a flanders_n be_v erect_v into_o a_o county_n which_o change_v the_o title_n of_o forester_n for_o that_o of_o count_n without_o interrupt_v the_o succession_n what_o the_o extent_n of_o this_o county_n be_v at_o first_o or_o how_o far_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o forester_n reach_v i_o can_v affirm_v nor_o whether_o it_o only_o border_v upon_o or_o include_v the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o vast_a wood_n of_o ardenne_n which_o in_o charlemaign'_v time_n be_v all_o forest_n as_o high_a as_o aix_n and_o the_o rough_a country_n for_o some_o league_n beyond_o it_o and_o be_v use_v common_o by_o that_o emperor_n for_o his_o hunt_n this_o appear_v by_o the_o ancient_a record_n of_o that_o city_n which_o attribute_v the_o discovery_n or_o at_o least_o retrieve_v the_o knowledge_n of_o those_o hot_a bath_n to_o the_o fortune_n of_o that_o prince_n while_o he_o be_v hunt_v for_o his_o horse_n poach_v one_o of_o his_o leg_n into_o some_o hollow_a ground_n make_v way_n for_o the_o smoke_a water_n to_o break_v out_o and_o give_v occasion_n for_o the_o emperor_n build_v that_o city_n and_o make_v it_o his_o usual_a seat_n and_o the_o place_n of_o coronation_n for_o the_o follow_a emperor_n holland_n be_v a_o island_n make_v by_o the_o dividing-branche_n of_o the_o ancient_a rind_n and_o call_v former_o batavia_n be_v esteem_v rather_o a_o part_n of_o germany_n than_o gaul_n between_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v in_o regard_n of_o its_o be_v plant_v by_o the_o catti_n a_o great_a and_o ancient_a people_n of_o germany_n and_o be_v treat_v by_o the_o roman_n rather_o as_o a_o ally_v than_o subject_v province_n who_o draw_v from_o thence_o no_o other_o tribute_n beside_o band_n of_o soldier_n much_o esteem_v for_o their_o valour_n and_o join_v as_o auxiliary_n to_o their_o legion_n in_o their_o gallic_a german_n and_o british_a war_n it_o be_v probable_a this_o island_n change_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n inhabitant_n and_o custom_n as_o well_o as_o name_n upon_o the_o inroad_n of_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n but_o chief_o of_o the_o norman_n and_o dane_n from_o who_o country_n and_o language_n the_o name_n of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n seem_v to_o be_v derive_v but_o about_o the_o year_n 860_o a_o son_n of_o the_o count_n of_o freeze_v by_o a_o daughter_n of_o the_o emperor_n lewis_n the_o second_o be_v by_o he_o institute_v count_n of_o holland_n and_o give_v beginning_n to_o that_o title_n which_o run_v since_o that_o time_n through_o so_o many_o direct_a or_o collateral_a succession_n and_o some_o usurpation_n end_v at_o last_o in_o philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n by_o the_o defection_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n under_o these_o first_o forester_n and_o count_n who_o begin_v to_o take_v those_o waste_a country_n and_o mix_a people_n into_o their_o care_n and_o to_o intend_v the_o growth_n strength_n and_o riches_n of_o their_o subject_n which_o they_o esteem_v to_o be_v their_o own_o many_o old_a and_o demolish_a castle_n be_v rebuilt_a many_o new_a one_o erect_v and_o give_v by_o the_o prince_n to_o those_o of_o their_o subject_n or_o friend_n who_o they_o most_o love_a or_o esteem_v with_o large_a circuit_n of_o land_n for_o their_o support_n and_o seigneurial_a jurisdiction_n over_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o this_o upon_o several_a easy_a condition_n but_o chief_o of_o attendance_n on_o their_o prince_n at_o the_o necessary_a time_n of_o either_o honour_v he_o in_o peace_n or_o serve_v he_o in_o war._n nay_o possible_o some_o of_o these_o seigneury_n and_o their_o jurisdiction_n may_v as_o they_o pretend_v have_v be_v the_o remain_v of_o some_o old_a principality_n in_o those_o country_n among_o the_o gallic_a and_o german_a nation_n the_o first_o institution_n whereof_o be_v lose_v in_o the_o immensity_n of_o time_n that_o precede_v the_o roman_a discovery_n or_o conquest_n and_o may_v be_v derive_v perhaps_o from_o the_o first_o paternal_a dominion_n or_o concurrence_n of_o loose_a people_n into_o orderly_a neighbourhood_n with_o a_o deference_n if_o not_o subjection_n to_o the_o wise_a or_o brave_a among_o they_o under_o the_o same_o count_n be_v either_o found_v or_o restore_v many_o city_n and_o town_n of_o which_o the_o old_a have_v their_o ancient_a freedom_n and_o jurisdiction_n confirm_v or_o other_o annex_v and_o the_o new_a have_v either_o the_o same_o grant_v to_o they_o by_o example_n of_o the_o other_o or_o great_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o inhabitant_n to_o come_v and_o people_n in_o they_o all_o these_o constitution_n agree_v much_o in_o substance_n perhaps_o by_o imitation_n or_o else_o by_o the_o agreeing-nature_n of_o the_o people_n for_o who_o or_o by_o who_o they_o be_v frame_v but_o differ_v in_o form_n according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o original_a or_o the_o several_a nature_n custom_n and_o interest_n of_o the_o prince_n who_o concession_n many_o of_o they_o be_v and_o all_o their_o permission_n another_o constitution_n which_o enter_v deep_a into_o their_o government_n may_v be_v derive_v from_o another_o source_n for_o those_o northern_a nation_n who_o unknown_a language_n and_o country_n perhaps_o make_v they_o be_v call_v barbarous_a though_o indeed_o almost_o all_o nation_n out_o of_o
italy_n and_o greece_n be_v style_v so_o by_o the_o roman_n but_o who_o victory_n in_o obtain_v new_a seat_n and_o order_n in_o possess_v they_o may_v make_v we_o allow_v they_o for_o a_o better_a policied_a people_n than_o they_o appear_v by_o the_o vastness_n of_o their_o multitude_n or_o the_o rage_n of_o their_o battle_n wherever_o they_o pass_v and_o seat_v their_o colony_n and_o dominion_n they_o leave_v a_o constitution_n which_o have_v since_o be_v call_v in_o most_o european_a language_n the_o state_n consist_v of_o three_o order_n noble_a ecclesiastical_a and_o popular_a under_o the_o limit_a principality_n of_o one_o person_n with_o the_o stile_n of_o king_n prince_z duke_z or_o count_n the_o remainder_n at_o least_o or_o trace_n hereof_o appear_v still_o in_o all_o the_o principality_n found_v by_o those_o people_n in_o italy_n france_n and_o spain_n and_o be_v of_o a_o piece_n with_o the_o present_a constitution_n in_o most_o of_o the_o great_a dominion_n on_o other_o side_n the_o rind_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v a_o temper_n first_o introduce_v by_o they_o between_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o eastern_a kingdom_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o grecian_a or_o roman_a commonwealth_n it_o be_v true_a the_o goth_n be_v gentile_n when_o they_o first_o break_v into_o the_o roman_a empire_n till_o one_o great_a swarm_n of_o this_o people_n upon_o treaty_n with_o one_o of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n and_o upon_o concession_n of_o a_o great_a tract_n of_o land_n to_o be_v a_o seat_n for_o their_o nation_n embrace_v at_o once_o the_o christian_n faith_n after_o which_o the_o same_o people_n break_v out_o of_o the_o limit_n have_v be_v allow_v they_o and_o by_o fresh_a number_n bear_v all_o down_o where_o they_o bend_v their_o march_n as_o they_o be_v a_o great_a mean_n of_o propagate_a religion_n in_o many_o part_n of_o europe_n where_o they_o extend_v their_o conquest_n so_o the_o zeal_n of_o these_o new_a proselyte_n warm_v by_o the_o veneration_n they_o have_v for_o their_o bishop_n and_o pastor_n and_o enrich_v by_o the_o spoil_n and_o possession_n of_o so_o vast_a country_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o that_o introduce_v the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o church_n and_o clergy_n by_o endowment_n of_o land_n lordship_n and_o vassal_n appropriate_v to_o they_o for_o before_o this_o time_n the_o authority_n of_o the_o priesthood_n in_o all_o religion_n seem_v whole_o to_o consist_v in_o the_o people_n opinion_n of_o their_o piety_n learning_n and_o virtue_n or_o a_o reverence_n for_o their_o character_n and_o mystical_a ceremony_n and_o institution_n their_o support_n or_o their_o revenue_n in_o the_o voluntary_a oblation_n of_o pious_a man_n the_o bounty_n of_o prince_n or_o in_o a_o certain_a share_n out_o of_o the_o labour_n and_o gain_n of_o those_o who_o live_v under_o their_o cure_n and_o not_o in_o any_o subjection_n of_o man_n life_n or_o fortune_n which_o belong_v whole_o to_o the_o civil_a power_n and_o ammianus_n though_o he_o tax_v the_o luxury_n of_o the_o bishop_n in_o valentinian_n time_n yet_o he_o speak_v of_o their_o riches_n which_o occasion_v or_o foment_v it_o as_o arise_v whole_o from_o the_o oblation_n of_o the_o people_n but_o the_o devotion_n of_o these_o new_a christian_n introduce_v this_o new_a form_n of_o endow_v their_o church_n and_o afterward_o pepin_n and_o charlemaign_n king_n of_o the_o frank_n upon_o their_o victory_n in_o italy_n and_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o roman_a bishop_n to_o their_o title_n and_o arm_n have_v annex_v great_a territory_n and_o jurisdiction_n to_o that_o see_v this_o example_n or_o custom_n be_v follow_v by_o most_o prince_n of_o the_o northern_a race_n through_o the_o rest_n of_o europe_n and_o bring_v into_o the_o clergy_n great_a possession_n of_o land_n and_o by_o a_o necessary_a consequence_n a_o great_a share_n of_o temporal_a power_n from_o the_o dependence_n of_o their_o subject_n or_o tenant_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o come_v to_o be_v general_o one_o of_o the_o three_o order_n that_o compose_v the_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n in_o every_o country_n this_o constitution_n of_o the_o state_n have_v be_v establish_v from_o time_n immemorial_n in_o the_o several_a province_n of_o the_o low-countries_n and_o be_v often_o assemble_v for_o determine_v dispute_n about_o succession_n of_o their_o prince_n where_o doubtful_a or_o contest_v for_o decide_v those_o between_o the_o great_a town_n for_o raise_v a_o milice_fw-la for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n in_o the_o war_n of_o their_o neighbour_n for_o advice_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n abroad_o or_o discontent_n at_o home_o but_o always_o upon_o the_o new_a succession_n of_o a_o prince_n and_o upon_o any_o new_a imposition_n that_o be_v necessary_a on_o the_o people_n the_o use_n of_o this_o assembly_n be_v another_o of_o those_o liberty_n whereof_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o province_n be_v so_o fond_a and_o so_o tenacious_a the_o rest_n beside_o those_o ancient_a privilege_n already_o mention_v of_o their_o town_n be_v concession_n and_o grace_n of_o several_a prince_n in_o particular_a exemption_n or_o immunity_n jurisdiction_n both_o in_o choice_n and_o exercise_n of_o magigistracy_n and_o civil_a judicature_n within_o themselves_o or_o else_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o use_v none_o but_o native_n in_o charge_n and_o office_n and_o pass_v all_o weighty_a affair_n by_o the_o great_a council_n compose_v of_o the_o great_a lord_n of_o the_o country_n who_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o temporal_a there_o be_v but_o three_o bishop_n in_o all_o the_o seventeen_o province_n till_o the_o time_n of_o philip_n the_o second_o of_o spain_n the_o revenue_n of_o these_o prince_n consist_v in_o their_o ancient_a demesne_n in_o small_a custom_n which_o yet_o grow_v considerable_a by_o the_o greatness_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o maritime_a town_n and_o in_o the_o voluntary_a contribution_n of_o their_o subject_n either_o in_o the_o state_n or_o in_o particular_a city_n according_a to_o the_o necessity_n of_o their_o prince_n or_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n nor_o be_v these_o frequent_a for_o the_o force_n of_o these_o count_n be_v compose_v of_o such_o lord_n who_o either_o by_o their_o government_n or_o other_o office_n or_o by_o the_o tenure_n of_o their_o land_n be_v oblige_v to_o attend_v their_o prince_n on_o horseback_n with_o certain_a number_n of_o man_n upon_o all_o his_o war_n or_o else_o of_o a_o milice_fw-la which_o be_v call_v les_fw-fr gens_fw-fr d'_fw-fr ordonnance_n who_o serve_v on_o foot_n and_o be_v not_o unlike_o our_o train-band_n the_o use_n or_o at_o least_o stile_n whereof_o be_v renew_v in_o flanders_n upon_o the_o last_o war_n with_o france_n in_o 1667_o when_o the_o count_n egmont_n be_v make_v by_o the_o governor_n general_n de_fw-fr gens_fw-fr d'_fw-fr ordonnance_n these_o force_n be_v defray_v by_o the_o city_n or_o country_n as_o the_o other_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o lord_n when_o occasion_n require_v and_o all_o be_v license_v immediate_o when_o it_o be_v past_a so_o that_o they_o be_v of_o little_a charge_n to_o the_o prince_n his_o war_n be_v but_o with_o other_o prince_n of_o his_o own_o size_n or_o competitor_n to_o his_o principality_n or_o sometime_o with_o the_o mutiny_n of_o his_o great_a town_n short_a though_o violent_a and_o decide_v by_o one_o battle_n or_o siege_n unless_o they_o fall_v into_o the_o quarrel_n between_o england_n and_o france_n and_o then_o they_o be_v engage_v but_o in_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o war_n the_o gross_a of_o it_o be_v wage_v between_o the_o two_o king_n and_o these_o small_a prince_n make_v use_v of_o for_o the_o credit_n of_o alliance_n or_o sometime_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o a_o diversion_n rather_o than_o for_o any_o great_a weight_n they_o make_v in_o the_o main_a of_o the_o affair_n the_o most_o frequent_a war_n of_o the_o count_n of_o holland_n be_v with_o the_o frison_n a_o part_n of_o the_o old_a saxon_n and_o the_o fierce_a battle_n of_o some_o of_o the_o count_n of_o flanders_n be_v with_o the_o norman_n who_o past_o that_o way_n into_o france_n and_o be_v the_o last_o of_o those_o nation_n that_o have_v infest_a the_o more_o southern_a part_n of_o europe_n i_o have_v sometime_o think_v how_o it_o shall_v have_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o infinite_a swarm_n of_o that_o vast_a northern-hive_n which_o so_o often_o shake_v the_o world_n like_o a_o great_a tempest_n and_o overflow_v it_o like_o a_o great_a torrent_n change_v name_n and_o custom_n and_o government_n and_o language_n and_o the_o very_a face_n of_o nature_n wherever_o they_o seat_v themselves_o which_o upon_o record_n of_o story_n under_o the_o name_n of_o gaul_n pierce_v into_o greece_n and_o italy_n sack_v rome_n and_o besiege_v the_o capitol_n in_o camillus_n his_o time_n under_o that_o of_o the_o cimber_n march_v through_o france_n to_o the_o very_a confine_n of_o
administer_v according_a to_o ancient_a form_n in_o the_o name_n of_o officer_n and_o place_n of_o judicature_n but_o money_n be_v levy_v by_o arbitrary_a resolution_n and_o proportion_n according_a to_o what_o appear_v convenient_a or_o necessary_a upon_o the_o change_n or_o emergency_n of_o occasion_n these_o senator_n be_v for_o their_o life_n and_o the_o senate_n be_v ancient_o choose_v by_o the_o voice_n of_o the_o rich_a burgher_n or_o freeman_n of_o the_o city_n who_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o a_o senator_n meet_v together_o either_o in_o a_o church_n a_o market_n or_o some_o other_o place_n spacious_a enough_o to_o receive_v their_o number_n and_o there_o make_v a_o election_n of_o the_o person_n to_o succeed_v by_o the_o majority_n of_o voice_n but_o about_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o or_o forty_o year_n ago_o when_o the_o town_n of_o holland_n begin_v to_o increase_v in_o circuit_n and_o in_o people_n so_o as_o these_o frequent_a assembly_n grow_v into_o danger_n of_o tumuit_fw-la and_o disorder_n upon_o every_o occasion_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o number_n and_o contention_n this_o election_n of_o senator_n come_v by_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o burgher_n in_o one_o of_o their_o general_a assembly_n to_o be_v devolve_v for_o ever_o upon_o the_o standing-senate_n at_o that_o time_n so_o as_o ever_o since_o when_o any_o one_o of_o their_o number_n die_v a_o new_a one_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o senate_n without_o any_o intervention_n of_o the_o other_o burgher_n which_o make_v the_o government_n a_o sort_n of_o oligarchy_n and_o very_o different_a from_o a_o popular_a government_n as_o it_o be_v general_o esteem_v by_o those_o who_o pass_v or_o live_v in_o these_o country_n content_v themselves_o with_o common_a observation_n or_o inquiry_n and_o this_o resolution_n of_o the_o burgher_n either_o be_v agree_v upon_o or_o follow_v by_o general_a consent_n or_o example_n about_o the_o same_o time_n in_o all_o the_o town_n of_o the_o province_n though_o with_o some_o difference_n in_o number_n of_o their_o senator_n by_o this_o senate_n be_v choose_v the_o chief_a magistrate_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v the_o burgomaster_n and_o the_o eschevins_n the_o burgomaster_n of_o amsterdam_n be_v four_o whereof_o three_o be_v choose_v every_o year_n so_o as_o one_o of_o they_o stay_v in_o office_n two_o year_n but_o the_o three_o last_v choose_v be_v call_v the_o reigning-burgomaster_n for_o that_o year_n and_o preside_v by_o turn_n after_o the_o first_o three_o month_n for_o so_o long_o after_o a_o new_a election_n the_o burgomaster_n of_o the_o year_n before_o preside_v in_o which_o time_n it_o be_v suppose_v the_o new_a one_o will_v grow_v instruct_v in_o the_o form_n and_o duty_n of_o their_o office_n and_o acquaint_v with_o the_o state_n of_o the_o city_n affair_n the_o burgomaster_n be_v choose_v by_o most_o voice_n of_o all_o those_o person_n in_o the_o senate_n who_o have_v be_v either_o burgomaster_n or_o eschevins_n and_o their_o authority_n resemble_v that_o of_o the_o lord_n mayor_n and_o alderman_n in_o our_o city_n they_o represent_v the_o dignity_n of_o the_o government_n and_o do_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o city_n upon_o all_o occasion_n they_o dispose_v of_o all_o under-office_n that_o fall_v in_o their_o time_n and_o issue_n out_o all_o money_n out_o of_o the_o common_a stock_n or_o treasure_n judge_v alone_o what_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o safety_n convenience_n or_o dignity_n of_o the_o city_n they_o keep_v the_o key_n of_o the_o bank_n of_o amsterdam_n the_o common_a treasure_n of_o so_o many_o nation_n which_o be_v never_o open_v without_o the_o presence_n of_o one_o of_o they_o and_o they_o inspect_v and_o pursue_v all_o the_o great_a public_a work_n of_o the_o city_n as_o the_o rampart_n and_o stadt-house_n now_o almost_o finish_v with_o so_o great_a magnificence_n and_o so_o vast_a expense_n this_o office_n be_v a_o charge_n of_o the_o great_a trust_n authority_n and_o dignity_n and_o so_o much_o the_o great_a by_o not_o be_v of_o profit_n or_o advantage_n but_o only_o as_o a_o way_n to_o other_o constant_a employment_n in_o the_o city_n that_o be_v so_o the_o salary_n of_o a_o burgomaster_n of_o amsterdam_n be_v but_o five_o hundred_o gilder_n a_o year_n though_o there_o be_v office_n worth_a five_o thousand_o in_o their_o disposal_n but_o yet_o none_o of_o they_o know_v to_o have_v take_v money_n upon_o such_o occasion_n which_o will_v lose_v all_o their_o credit_n in_o the_o town_n and_o thereby_o their_o fortune_n by_o any_o public_a employment_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o no_o sort_n of_o expense_n more_o than_o ordinary_a modest_a citizen_n in_o their_o habit_n their_o attendance_n their_o table_n or_o any_o part_n of_o their_o own_o domestic_a they_o be_v upon_o all_o public_a occasion_n wait_v on_o by_o man_n in_o salary_n from_o the_o town_n and_o whatever_o feast_n they_o make_v upon_o solemn_a day_n or_o for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o any_o prince_n or_o foreign_a minister_n the_o charge_n be_v defray_v out_o of_o the_o common_a treasure_n but_o proportion_v by_o their_o own_o discretion_n at_o other_o time_n they_o appear_v in_o all_o place_n with_o the_o simplicity_n and_o modesty_n of_o other_o private_a citizen_n when_o the_o burgomaster_n office_n expire_v they_o be_v of_o course_n dispose_v into_o the_o other_o charge_n or_o employment_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v very_o many_o and_o beneficial_a unless_o they_o lose_v their_o credit_n with_o the_o senate_n by_o any_o want_n of_o diligence_n or_o fidelity_n in_o the_o discharge_n of_o their_o office_n which_o seldom_o arrive_v the_o eschevins_n be_v the_o court_n of_o justice_n in_o every_o town_n they_o be_v at_o amsterdam_n nine_o in_o number_n of_o which_o seven_o be_v choose_v annual_o but_o two_o of_o the_o precede_a year_n continue_v in_o office_n a_o double_a number_n be_v name_v by_o the_o senate_n out_o of_o which_o the_o burgomaster_n now_o choose_v as_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n do_v in_o the_o former_a constitution_n they_o be_v sovereign_a judge_n in_o all_o criminal_a cause_n in_o civil_a after_o a_o certain_a value_n there_o lie_v appeal_n to_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n of_o the_o province_n but_o they_o pass_v sentence_n of_o death_n upon_o no_o man_n without_o first_o advise_v with_o the_o burgomaster_n though_o after_o that_o form_n be_v past_a they_o proceed_v themselves_o and_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o follow_v the_o burgomaster_n opinion_n but_o be_v leave_v to_o their_o own_o this_o be_v only_o a_o care_n or_o favour_n of_o supererogation_n to_o the_o life_n of_o man_n which_o be_v so_o soon_o cut_v off_o and_o never_o to_o be_v retrieve_v or_o make_v amends_o for_o under_o these_o sovereign_a magistrate_n the_o chief_a subordinate_a officer_n of_o the_o town_n be_v the_o treasurer_n who_o receive_v and_o issue_n out_o all_o money_n that_o be_v proper_o the_o revenue_n or_o stock_n of_o the_o city_n the_o scout_n who_o take_v care_n of_o the_o peace_n seize_v all_o criminal_n and_o see_v the_o sentence_n of_o justice_n execute_v and_o who_o authority_n be_v like_a that_o of_o a_o sheriff_n in_o a_o county_n with_o we_o or_o a_o constable_n in_o a_o parish_n the_o pensioner_n who_o be_v a_o civil-lawyer_n verse_v in_o the_o custom_n and_o record_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o town_n concern_v which_o he_o inform_v the_o magistracy_n upon_o occasion_n and_o vindicate_v they_o upon_o dispute_n with_o other_o town_n he_o be_v a_o servant_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o burgomaster_n deliver_v their_o message_n make_v their_o harangue_n upon_o all_o public_a occasion_n and_o be_v not_o unlike_o the_o recorder_n in_o one_o of_o our_o to_n in_o this_o city_n of_o amsterdam_n be_v the_o famous_a bank_n which_o be_v the_o great_a treasure_n either_o real_a or_o imaginary_a that_o be_v know_v any_o where_o in_o the_o world_n the_o place_n of_o it_o be_v a_o great_a vault_n under_o the_o stadthouse_n make_v strong_a with_o all_o the_o circumstance_n of_o door_n and_o lock_n and_o other_o appear_a caution_n of_o safety_n that_o can_v be_v and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o whoever_o be_v carry_v to_o see_v the_o bank_n shall_v never_o fail_v to_o find_v the_o appearance_n of_o a_o mighty_a real_a treasure_n in_o barrs_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n plate_n and_o infinite_a bag_n of_o metal_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v all_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o may_v be_v so_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v but_o the_o burgomaster_n only_o have_v the_o inspection_n of_o this_o bank_n and_o no_o man_n ever_o take_v any_o particular_a account_n of_o what_o issue_v in_o and_o out_o from_o age_n to_o age_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v any_o calculation_n or_o guess_v what_o proportion_n the_o real_a treasure_n may_v hold_v to_o the_o credit_n of_o it_o therefore_o the_o security_n of_o the_o bank_n lie_v not_o only_o in_o the_o
effect_n that_o be_v in_o it_o but_o in_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o whole_a town_n or_o state_n of_o amsterdam_n who_o stock_n and_o revenue_n be_v equal_a to_o that_o of_o some_o kingdom_n and_o who_o be_v bind_v to_o make_v good_a all_o money_n that_o be_v bring_v into_o their_o bank_n the_o ticket_n or_o bill_n hereof_o make_v all_o the_o usual_a great_a payment_n that_o be_v make_v between_o man_n and_o man_n in_o the_o town_n and_o not_o only_o in_o most_o other_o place_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n but_o in_o many_o other_o trading-part_n of_o the_o world_n so_o as_o this_o bank_n be_v proper_o a_o general_a cash_n where_o every_o man_n lodge_v his_o money_n because_o he_o esteem_v it_o safe_o and_o easy_a pay_v in_o and_o out_o than_o if_o it_o be_v in_o his_o coffer_n at_o home_n and_o the_o bank_n be_v so_o far_o from_o pay_v any_o interest_n for_o what_o be_v there_o bring_v in_o that_o money_n in_o the_o bank_n be_v worth_a something_o more_o in_o common_a payment_n than_o what_o run_v current_a in_o coin_n from_o hand_n to_o hand_n no_o other_o money_n pass_v in_o the_o bank_n but_o in_o the_o species_n of_o coin_n the_o best_a know_v the_o most_o ascertain_v and_o the_o most_o general_o current_a in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o high_a as_o well_v as_o the_o low_a germany_n the_o revenue_n of_o amsterdam_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o constant_a excise_n upon_o all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n buy_v and_o sell_v within_o the_o precinct_n or_o out_o of_o the_o rent_n of_o those_o house_n or_o land_n that_o belong_v in_o common_a to_o the_o city_n or_o out_o of_o certain_a duty_n and_o imposition_n upon_o every_o house_n towards_o the_o use_n of_o charity_n and_o the_o repair_v or_o adornment_n or_o fortification_n of_o the_o place_n or_o else_o out_o of_o extraordinary_a levy_n consent_v to_o by_o the_o senate_n for_o furnish_v their_o part_n of_o the_o public_a charge_n that_o be_v agree_v to_o by_o their_o deputy_n in_o the_o provincial-state_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o province_n or_o by_o the_o deputy_n of_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n in_o the_o states-general_n for_o support_v of_o the_o union_n and_o all_o these_o payment_n be_v make_v into_o one_o common_a stock_n of_o the_o town_n not_o as_o many_o of_o we_o be_v into_o that_o of_o the_o parish_n so_o as_o attempt_n may_v be_v easy_o make_v at_o the_o calculation_n of_o their_o whole_a revenue_n and_o i_o have_v hear_v it_o affirm_v that_o what_o be_v pay_v of_o all_o kind_n to_o public_a uses_n of_o the_o states-general_n the_o province_n and_o the_o city_n in_o amsterdam_n amount_v to_o above_o sixteen_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a a_o year_n but_o i_o enter_v into_o no_o computation_n nor_o give_v these_o for_o any_o thing_n more_o than_o what_o i_o have_v hear_v from_o man_n who_o pretend_v to_o make_v such_o inquiry_n which_o i_o confess_v i_o do_v not_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o no_o town_n strength_n beauty_n and_o convenience_n be_v better_o provide_v for_o nor_o with_o more_o unlimited_a expense_n than_o in_o this_o by_o the_o magnificence_n of_o their_o public_a building_n as_o stadthouse_n and_o arsenal_n the_o number_n and_o spaciousness_n as_o well_o as_o order_n and_o revenue_n of_o their_o many_o hospital_n the_o commodiousness_n of_o their_o canal_n run_v through_o the_o chief_a street_n of_o passage_n the_o mighty_a strength_n of_o their_o bastion_n and_o rampart_n and_o the_o neatness_n as_o well_o as_o convenience_n of_o their_o street_n so_o far_o as_o can_v be_v compass_v in_o so_o great_a a_o confluence_n of_o industrious_a people_n all_o which_o can_v never_o be_v achieve_v without_o a_o charge_n much_o exceed_v what_o seem_v proportion_v to_o the_o revenue_n of_o one_o single_a town_n holland_n the_o senate_n choose_v the_o deputy_n which_o be_v send_v from_o this_o city_n to_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n the_o sovereignty_n whereof_o be_v represent_v by_o deputy_n of_o the_o noble_n and_o town_n compose_v nineteen_o voice_n of_o which_o the_o noble_n have_v only_o the_o first_o and_o the_o city_n eighteen_o according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o those_o which_o be_v call_v stem_n the_o other_o city_n and_o town_n of_o the_o province_n have_v no_o voice_n in_o the_o state_n these_o city_n be_v original_o but_o six_o dort_n haerlem_n delf_n leyden_n amsterdam_n and_o tergoâ—_n but_o be_v increase_v by_o prince_n william_n of_o nassaw_n to_o the_o number_n of_o eighteen_o by_o the_o addition_n of_o rotterdam_n gorcum_n schedam_fw-la schonoven_n briel_n alcmaer_n horn_n enchusen_n edam_fw-la moninckdam_n medenblick_a and_o permeren_n this_o make_v as_o great_a a_o inequality_n in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o province_n by_o such_o a_o small_a city_n as_o permeren_n have_v a_o equal_a voice_n in_o the_o the_o provincial-state_n with_o amsterdam_n which_o pay_v perhaps_o half_a of_o all_o charge_n of_o the_o province_n as_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o the_o states-general_n by_o so_o small_a a_o province_n as_o overyssel_n have_v a_o equal_a voice_n in_o the_o states-general_n with_o that_o of_o holland_n which_o contribute_v more_o than_o half_a to_o the_o general_a charge_n of_o the_o union_n but_o this_o be_v by_o some_o writer_n of_o that_o age_n interpret_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o prince_n authority_n to_o lessen_v that_o of_o the_o noble_n and_o balance_n that_o of_o the_o great_a city_n by_o the_o voice_n of_o the_o small_a who_o dependence_n be_v easy_a to_o be_v gain_v and_o secure_v the_o noble_n though_o they_o be_v few_o in_o this_o province_n yet_o be_v not_o represent_v by_o all_o their_o number_n but_o by_o eight_o or_o nine_o who_o as_o deputy_n from_o their_o body_n have_v session_n in_o the_o states-provincial_a and_o who_o when_o one_o among_o they_o die_v choose_v another_o to_o succeed_v he_o though_o they_o have_v all_o together_o but_o one_o voice_n equal_a to_o the_o small_a town_n yet_o be_v they_o very_o considerable_a in_o the_o government_n by_o possess_v many_o of_o the_o best_a charge_n both_o civil_a and_o military_a by_o have_v the_o direction_n of_o all_o the_o ecclesiastical_a revenue_n that_o be_v seize_v by_o the_o state_n upon_o the_o change_n of_o religion_n and_o by_o send_v their_o deputy_n to_o all_o the_o council_n both_o of_o the_o generalty_n and_o the_o province_n and_o by_o the_o nomination_n of_o one_o councillor_n in_o the_o two_o great_a court_n of_o justice_n they_o give_v their_o voice_n first_o in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n and_o thereby_o a_o great_a weight_n to_o the_o business_n in_o consultation_n the_o pensioner_n of_o holland_n be_v seat_v with_o they_o deliver_v their_o voice_n for_o they_o and_o assist_v at_o all_o their_o deliberation_n before_o they_o come_v to_o the_o assembly_n he_o be_v proper_o but_o minister_n or_o servant_n of_o the_o province_n and_o so_o his_o place_n or_o rank_n be_v behind_o all_o their_o deputy_n but_o have_v always_o great_a credit_n because_o he_o be_v perpetual_a or_o seldom_o discharge_v though_o of_o right_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v choose_v or_o renew_v every_o three_o year_n he_o have_v place_n in_o all_o the_o several_a assembly_n of_o the_o province_n and_o in_o the_o state_n propose_v all_o affair_n gather_v the_o opinion_n and_o form_n or_o digest_v the_o resolution_n pretend_v likewise_o a_o power_n not_o to_o conclude_v any_o very_a important_a affair_n by_o plurality_n of_o voice_n when_o he_o judge_n in_o his_o conscience_n he_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v it_o and_o that_o it_o will_v be_v of_o ill_a consequence_n or_o prejudice_n to_o the_o province_n the_o deputy_n of_o the_o city_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o magistrate_n and_o senate_n of_o each_o town_n their_o number_n be_v uncertain_a and_o arbitrary_a according_a to_o the_o custom_n or_o pleasure_n of_o the_o city_n that_o send_v they_o because_o they_o have_v all_o together_o but_o one_o voice_n and_o be_v all_o maintain_v at_o their_o city_n charge_n but_o common_o one_o of_o the_o burgomaster_n and_o the_o pensioner_n be_v of_o the_o number_n the_o state_n of_o holland_n have_v their_o session_n in_o the_o court_n at_o the_o hague_n and_o assemble_v ordinary_o four_o time_n a_o year_n in_o february_n june_n september_n and_o november_n in_o the_o former_a session_n they_o provide_v for_o the_o fill_n up_o of_o all_o vacant_a charge_n and_o for_o renew_v the_o farm_n of_o all_o the_o several_a tax_n and_o for_o consult_v about_o any_o matter_n that_o concern_v either_o the_o general_a good_a of_o the_o province_n or_o any_o particular_a difference_n arise_v between_o the_o to_n but_o in_o november_n they_o meet_v purposely_o to_o resolve_v upon_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o charge_n which_o fall_v to_o the_o share_n of_o their_o province_n the_o follow_a year_n according_a to_o what_o may_v have_v be_v agree_v upon_o by_o the_o
demand_v to_o be_v whole_o in_o the_o right_n and_o power_n of_o they_o that_o give_v it_o be_v use_v by_o the_o first_o count_n only_o upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n and_o necessity_n but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n and_o austria_n grow_v to_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o course_n and_o annual_a as_o it_o be_v still_o in_o the_o spanish_a province_n the_o council_n of_o state_n dispose_v of_o all_o sum_n of_o money_n destine_v for_o all_o extraordinary_a affair_n and_o expedite_v the_o order_n for_o the_o whole_a expense_n of_o the_o state_n upon_o the_o resolution_n first_o take_v in_o the_o main_a by_o the_o states-general_n the_o order_n must_v be_v sign_v by_o three_o deputy_n of_o several_a province_n as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o treasurer-general_n and_o then_o register_v in_o the_o chamber_n of_o account_n before_o the_o receiver-general_n pay_v they_o which_o be_v then_o do_v without_o any_o difficulty_n charge_n or_o delay_n every_o province_n raise_v what_o money_n it_o please_v and_o by_o what_o way_n or_o mean_n send_v its_o quota_fw-la or_o share_v of_o the_o general_a charge_n to_o the_o receiver-general_n and_o convert_v the_o rest_n to_o the_o present_a use_n or_o reserve_v it_o for_o the_o future_a occasion_n of_o the_o province_n the_o chamber_n of_o account_n be_v erect_v about_o sixty_o year_n ago_o for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o council_n of_o state_n to_o examine_v and_o state_n all_o account_n of_o all_o the_o several_a receiver_n to_o control_v and_o register_v the_o order_n of_o the_o council_n of_o state_n which_o dispose_v of_o the_o finance_n and_o this_o chamber_n be_v compose_v of_o two_o deputy_n from_o each_o province_n who_o be_v change_v every_o three_o year_n beside_o these_o college_n be_v the_o council_n of_o the_o admiralty_n who_o when_o the_o states-general_n by_o advice_n of_o the_o council_n of_o state_n have_v destine_v a_o fleet_n of_o such_o a_o number_n and_o force_v to_o be_v set_v out_o have_v the_o absolute_a disposition_n of_o the_o marine_a affair_n as_o well_o in_o the_o choice_n and_o equipage_n of_o all_o the_o several_a ship_n as_o in_o issue_v the_o money_n allot_v for_o that_o service_n this_o college_n be_v subdivide_v into_o five_o of_o which_o three_o be_v in_o holland_n viz._n one_o in_o amsterdam_n another_o at_o rotterdam_n and_o the_o three_o at_o horn_n the_o four_o be_v at_o middlebourgh_n in_o zealand_n and_o the_o five_o at_o harlinguen_n in_o friezland_n each_o of_o these_o be_v compose_v of_o seven_o deputy_n four_o of_o that_o province_n where_o the_o college_n reside_v and_o three_o name_v by_o the_o other_o province_n the_o admiral_n or_o in_o his_o absence_n the_o vice-admiral_n have_v session_n in_o all_o these_o college_n and_o preside_v when_o he_o be_v present_a they_o take_v cognizance_n of_o all_o crime_n commit_v at_o sea_n judge_v all_o pirate_n that_o be_v take_v and_o all_o fraud_n or_o negligence_n in_o the_o payment_n or_o collection_n of_o the_o custom_n which_o be_v particular_o affect_v to_o the_o admiralty_n and_o appliable_a to_o no_o other_o use_n this_o fond_a be_v not_o sufficient_a in_o time_n of_o war_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o state_n with_o whatever_o more_o be_v necessary_a from_o other_o fond_n but_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n be_v little_o exhaust_v by_o other_o constant_a charge_n beside_o that_o of_o convoy_n to_o their_o several_a fleet_n of_o merchant_n in_o all_o part_n the_o remainder_n of_o this_o revenue_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o build_n of_o great_a ship_n of_o war_n and_o furnish_v the_o several_a arsenal_n and_o store_n with_o all_o sort_n of_o provision_n necessary_a for_o the_o building_n and_o rig_v of_o more_o ship_n than_o can_v be_v need_v by_o the_o course_n of_o a_o long_a war._n so_o soon_o as_o the_o number_n and_o force_v of_o the_o fleet_n design_v for_o any_o expedition_n be_v agree_v by_o the_o states-general_n and_o give_v out_o by_o the_o council_n of_o state_n to_o the_o admiralty_n each_o particular_a college_n furnish_v their_o own_o proportion_n which_o be_v know_v as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o several_a province_n in_o all_o money_n that_o be_v to_o be_v raise_v in_o all_o which_o the_o admiral_n have_v no_o other_o share_n or_o advantage_n beside_o his_o bare_a salary_n and_o his_o proportion_n in_o prize_n that_o be_v take_v the_o captain_n and_o superior_a officer_n of_o each_o squadron_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o several_a college_n the_o number_n of_o man_n appoint_v for_o every_o ship_n after_o which_o each_o captain_n use_v his_o best_a diligence_n and_o credit_n to_o fill_v his_o number_n with_o the_o best_a man_n he_o can_v get_v and_o take_v the_o whole_a care_n and_o charge_n of_o victual_v his_o own_o ship_n for_o the_o time_n intend_v for_o that_o expedition_n and_o signify_v to_o he_o by_o the_o admiralty_n and_o this_o at_o a_o certain_a rate_n of_o so_o much_o a_o man_n and_o by_o the_o good_a or_o ill_a discharge_n of_o his_o trust_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o provide_v surgeon_n medicine_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o health_n of_o the_o man_n each_o captain_n grow_v into_o good_a or_o ill_a credit_n with_o the_o seaman_n and_o by_o their_o report_n with_o the_o admiralty_n upon_o who_o opinion_n and_o esteem_n the_o fortune_n of_o all_o sea-officer_n depend_v so_o as_o in_o all_o their_o expedition_n there_o appear_v rather_o a_o emulation_n among_o the_o particular_a captain_n who_o shall_v treat_v his_o seaman_n best_o in_o these_o point_n and_o employ_v the_o money_n allot_v for_o their_o victual_v to_o the_o best_a advantage_n than_o any_o little_a knavish_a practice_n of_o fill_v their_o own_o purse_n by_o keep_v their_o man_n bell_n empty_a or_o force_v they_o to_o corrupt_a unwholesome_a diet_n upon_o which_o and_o upon_o cleanliness_n in_o their_o ship_n the_o health_n of_o many_o people_n crowd_v up_o into_o so_o little_a room_n seem_v chief_o to_o depend_v the_o salary_n of_o all_o the_o great_a officer_n of_o this_o state_n be_v very_o small_a i_o have_v already_o mention_v that_o of_o a_o burgomaster_n of_o amsterdam_n to_o be_v about_o fifty_o pound_n sterling_a a_o year_n that_o of_o their_o vice-admiral_n for_o since_o the_o last_o prince_n of_o orange_n death_n to_o the_o year_n 1670_o there_o have_v be_v no_o admiral_n be_v five_o hundred_o and_o that_o of_o the_o pensioner_n of_o holland_n two_o hundred_o the_o greatness_n of_o this_o state_n seem_v much_o to_o consist_v in_o these_o order_n how_o confuse_v soever_o and_o of_o different_a piece_n they_o may_v seem_v but_o more_o in_o two_o main_a effect_n of_o they_o which_o be_v the_o good_a choice_n of_o the_o officer_n of_o chief_a trust_n in_o the_o city_n province_n and_o state_n and_o the_o great_a simplicity_n and_o modesty_n in_o the_o common_a port_n or_o live_n of_o their_o chief_a minister_n without_o which_o the_o absoluteness_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o each_o town_n and_o the_o immensity_n of_o tax_n throughout_o the_o whole_a state_n will_v never_o be_v endure_v by_o the_o people_n with_o any_o patience_n be_v both_o of_o they_o great_a than_o in_o many_o of_o those_o government_n which_o be_v esteem_v most_o arbitrary_a among_o their_o neighbour_n but_o in_o the_o assembly_n and_o debate_n of_o their_o senate_n every_o man_n ability_n be_v discover_v as_o their_o disposition_n be_v in_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o life_n and_o domestic_a among_o their_o fellow-citizen_n the_o observation_n of_o these_o either_o raise_v or_o suppress_v the_o credit_n of_o particular_a man_n both_o among_o the_o people_n and_o the_o senate_n of_o their_o town_n who_o to_o maintain_v their_o authority_n with_o less_o popular_a envy_n or_o discontent_n give_v much_o to_o the_o general_a opinion_n of_o the_o people_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o their_o magistrate_n by_o this_o mean_v it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o though_o perhaps_o the_o nation_n general_o be_v not_o wise_a yet_o the_o government_n be_v because_o it_o be_v compose_v of_o the_o wise_a of_o the_o nation_n which_o may_v give_v it_o a_o advantage_n over_o many_o other_o where_o ability_n be_v of_o more_o common_a growth_n but_o of_o less_o use_n to_o the_o public_a if_o it_o happen_v that_o neither_o wisdom_n nor_o honesty_n be_v the_o quality_n which_o bring_v man_n to_o the_o management_n of_o state-affair_n as_o they_o usual_o do_v in_o this_o commonwealth_n beside_o though_o these_o people_n who_o be_v natural_o cold_a and_o heavy_a may_v not_o be_v ingenious_a enough_o to_o furnish_v a_o pleasant_a or_o agreeable_a conversation_n yet_o they_o want_v not_o plain_o downright_a sense_n to_o understand_v and_o do_v their_o business_n both_o public_a and_o private_a which_o be_v a_o talon_n very_o different_a from_o the_o other_o and_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o they_o often_o meet_v for_o the_o first_o proceed_v from_o heat_n of_o
of_o all_o land_n and_o sea-force_n as_o captain-general_n and_o admiral_n and_o thereby_o the_o disposition_n of_o all_o military_a command_n the_o power_n of_o pardon_v the_o penalty_n of_o crime_n the_o choose_n of_o magistrate_n upon_o the_o nomination_n of_o the_o town_n for_o they_o present_v three_o to_o the_o prince_n who_o elect_v one_o out_o of_o that_o number_n original_o the_o states-general_n be_v convoke_v by_o the_o council_n of_o state_n where_o the_o prince_n have_v the_o great_a influence_n nor_o since_o that_o change_n have_v the_o state_n use_v to_o resolve_v any_o important_a matter_n without_o his_o advice_n beside_o all_o this_o as_o the_o states-general_n represent_v the_o sovereignty_n so_o do_v the_o prince_n of_o orange_n the_o dignity_n of_o this_o state_n by_o public_a guard_n and_o the_o attendance_n of_o all_o military_a officer_n by_o the_o application_n of_o all_o foreign_a minister_n and_o all_o pretender_n at_o home_n by_o the_o splendour_n of_o his_o court_n and_o magnificence_n of_o his_o expense_n support_v not_o only_o by_o the_o pension_n and_o right_n of_o his_o several_a charge_n and_o command_n but_o by_o a_o mighty_a patrimonial_a revenue_n in_o land_n and_o sovereign_a principality_n and_o lordship_n as_o well_o in_o france_n germany_n and_o burgundy_n as_o in_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o seventeen_o province_n so_o as_o prince_n henry_n be_v use_v to_o answer_v some_o that_o will_v have_v flatter_v he_o into_o the_o design_n of_o a_o more_o arbitrary_a power_n that_o he_o have_v as_o much_o as_o any_o wise_a prince_n will_v desire_v in_o that_o state_n since_o he_o have_v all_o indeed_o beside_o that_o of_o punish_v man_n and_o raise_v money_n whereas_o he_o have_v rather_o the_o envy_n of_o the_o first_o shall_v lie_v upon_o the_o form_n of_o the_o government_n and_o he_o know_v the_o other_o can_v never_o be_v support_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n to_o that_o degree_n which_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o so_o small_a a_o state_n against_o so_o mighty_a prince_n as_o their_o neighbour_n upon_o these_o foundation_n be_v this_o state_n first_o establish_v and_o by_o these_o order_n maintain_v till_o the_o death_n of_o the_o last_o prince_n of_o orange_n when_o by_o the_o great_a influence_n of_o the_o province_n of_o holland_n among_o the_o rest_n the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n come_v to_o be_v share_v among_o the_o several_a magistracy_n of_o the_o state_n those_o of_o the_o city_n assume_v the_o last_o nomination_n of_o their_o several_a magistrate_n the_o states-provincial_a the_o disposal_n of_o all_o military_a command_n in_o those_o troop_n which_o their_o share_n be_v to_o pay_v and_o the_o states-general_n the_o command_n of_o the_o army_n by_o officer_n of_o their_o own_o appointment_n substitute_v and_o change_v at_o their_o will_n no_o power_n remain_v to_o pardon_v what_o be_v once_o condemn_v by_o rigour_n of_o law_n nor_o any_o person_n to_o represent_v the_o port_n and_o dignity_n of_o a_o sovereign_a state_n both_o which_o can_v not_o fail_v of_o be_v sensible_o miss_v by_o the_o people_n since_o no_o man_n in_o particular_a can_v be_v secure_a of_o offend_v or_o will_v therefore_o absolute_o despair_v of_o impunity_n himself_o though_o he_o will_v have_v other_o do_v so_o and_o man_n be_v general_o please_v with_o the_o pomp_n and_o splendour_n of_o a_o government_n not_o only_o as_o it_o be_v a_o amusement_n for_o idle_a people_n but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o mark_n of_o the_o greatness_n honour_n and_o riches_n of_o their_o country_n however_o these_o defect_n be_v for_o near_o twenty_o year_n supply_v in_o some_o measure_n and_o this_o frame_n support_v by_o the_o great_a authority_n and_o riches_n of_o the_o province_n of_o holland_n which_o draw_v a_o sort_n of_o dependence_n from_o the_o other_o six_o and_o by_o the_o great_a sufficiency_n integrity_n and_o constancy_n of_o their_o chief_a minister_n and_o by_o the_o effect_n of_o both_o in_o the_o prosperous_a success_n of_o their_o affair_n yet_o have_v a_o constitution_n strain_v against_o the_o current_a vein_n and_o humour_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v always_o evident_a that_o upon_o the_o growth_n of_o this_o young_a prince_n the_o great_a virtue_n and_o quality_n he_o derive_v from_o the_o mixture_n of_o such_o royal_a and_o such_o princely_a blood_n can_v not_o fail_v in_o time_n of_o raise_v his_o authority_n to_o equal_v at_o least_o if_o not_o to_o surpass_v that_o of_o his_o glorious_a ancestor_n chap._n iii_o of_o their_o situation_n holland_z zealand_n friezland_n and_o groninguen_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o sea_n and_o make_v the_o strength_n and_o greatness_n of_o this_o state_n the_o other_o three_o with_o the_o conquer_a town_n in_o brabant_n flanders_n and_o cleve_n make_v only_o the_o outwork_n or_o frontier_n serve_v chief_o for_o safety_n and_o defence_n of_o these_o no_o man_n can_v tell_v the_o strange_a and_o mighty_a change_n that_o may_v have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o face_n and_o bound_n of_o maritime_a country_n at_o one_o time_n or_o other_o by_o furious_a inundation_n upon_o the_o unusual_a concurrence_n of_o land-flood_n wind_n and_o tide_n and_o therefore_o no_o man_n know_v whether_o the_o province_n of_o holland_n may_v not_o have_v be_v in_o some_o past_a age_n all_o wood_n and_o rough_a unequal_a ground_n as_o some_o old_a tradition_n go_v and_o level_v to_o what_o we_o see_v by_o the_o sea_n be_v break_v in_o and_o continue_v long_o upon_o the_o land_n since_o recover_v by_o its_o recess_n and_o with_o the_o help_n of_o industry_n for_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o sea_n for_o some_o space_n of_o year_n advance_v continual_o upon_o one_o coast_n retire_v from_o the_o opposite_a and_o in_o another_o age_n quite_o change_v this_o course_n yield_v up_o what_o it_o have_v seize_v and_o seize_v what_o it_o have_v yield_v up_o without_o any_o reason_n to_o be_v give_v of_o such_o contrary_a motion_n but_o i_o suppose_v this_o great_a change_n be_v make_v in_o holland_n when_o the_o sea_n first_o part_v england_n from_o the_o continent_n break_v through_o a_o neck_n of_o land_n between_o dover_n and_o calais_n which_o may_v be_v a_o tale_n but_o i_o be_o sure_a be_v no_o record_n it_o be_v certain_a on_o the_o contrary_a that_o sixteen_o hundred_o year_n ago_o there_o be_v no_o usual_a mention_n or_o memory_n of_o any_o such_o change_n and_o that_o the_o face_n of_o all_o these_o coast_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n especial_o that_o of_o holland_n be_v much_o as_o it_o be_v now_o allow_v only_o the_o improvement_n of_o riches_n time_n and_o industry_n which_o appear_v by_o the_o description_n make_v in_o tacitus_n both_o of_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o batavia_n opplevit_fw-la and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n as_o well_o as_o the_o climate_n and_o the_o very_a name_n of_o river_n still_o remain_v it_o be_v likely_a the_o change_n arrive_v since_o that_o age_n in_o these_o country_n may_v have_v be_v make_v by_o stoppage_n grow_v in_o time_n with_o the_o roll_n of_o sand_n upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o three_o great_a river_n which_o disimbogue_v into_o the_o sea_n through_o the_o coast_n of_o these_o province_n that_o be_v the_o rhine_n the_o mose_n and_o the_o scheld_v the_o ancient_a rind_n divide_v where_o skencksconce_v now_o stand_v into_o two_o river_n of_o which_o one_o keep_v the_o name_n till_o run_v near_o leyden_n it_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n at_o catwick_n where_o be_v still_o see_v at_o low_a tide_n the_o foundation_n of_o a_o ancient_a roman_a castle_n that_o command_v the_o mouth_n of_o this_o river_n but_o this_o be_v whole_o stop_v up_o though_o a_o great_a canal_n still_o preserve_v the_o name_n of_o the_o old_a rhine_n the_o mose_n run_v by_o dort_n and_o rotterdam_n fall_v as_o it_o now_o do_v into_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o briel_n with_o mighty_a issue_n of_o water_n but_o the_o sand_n gather_v for_o three_o or_o four_o league_n upon_o this_o coast_n make_v the_o haven_n extreme_a dangerous_a without_o great_a skill_n of_o pilot_n and_o use_v of_o pilot-boat_n that_o come_v out_o with_o every_o tide_n to_o welcome_a and_o secure_v the_o ship_n bind_v for_o that_o river_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o these_o sand_n have_v obstruct_v the_o free_a course_n of_o the_o river_n have_v at_o time_n cause_v or_o increase_v those_o inundation_n out_o of_o which_o so_o many_o island_n have_v be_v recover_v and_o of_o which_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v much_o compose_v the_o scheld_v seem_v to_o have_v have_v its_o issue_n by_o walcheren_n in_o zealand_n which_o be_v a_o island_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o that_o river_n till_o the_o inundation_n of_o that_o and_o the_o mose_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v join_v together_o by_o some_o great_a help_n or_o eruption_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o
which_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v overwhelm_v which_o now_o make_v that_o inland-sea_n that_o serve_v for_o a_o common_a passage_n between_o holland_n zealand_n flanders_n and_o brabant_n the_o sea_n for_o some_o league_n from_o zealand_n lie_v general_o upon_o such_o bank_n of_o sand_n as_o it_o do_v upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o maze_n though_o separate_v by_o something_o better_a channel_n than_o be_v find_v in_o the_o other_o that_o which_o seem_v likely_a to_o have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o stop_v up_o whole_o one_o of_o these_o river_n and_o obstruct_v the_o other_o be_v the_o course_n of_o westerly-wind_n which_o drive_v upon_o this_o shore_n so_o much_o more_o constant_a and_o violent_a than_o the_o east_n for_o take_v the_o season_n and_o year_n one_o with_o another_o i_o suppose_v there_o will_v be_v observe_v three_o part_n of_o westerly_a for_o one_o of_o easterly_a wind_n beside_o that_o these_o last_o general_o attend_v the_o calm_a frost_n and_o fair_a weather_n and_o the_o other_o the_o stormy_a and_o foul_a and_o i_o have_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v experiment_n of_o the_o sand_n rise_v and_o sink_v before_o a_o haven_n by_o two_o fit_n of_o these_o contrary_a wind_n above_o four_o foot_n this_o i_o presume_v be_v likewise_o the_o natural_a reason_n of_o so_o many_o deep_a and_o commodious_a havens_n find_v upon_o all_o the_o english_a side_n of_o the_o channel_n and_o so_o few_o or_o indeed_o none_o upon_o the_o french_a and_o dutch_a a_o advantage_n seem_v to_o be_v give_v we_o by_o nature_n and_o never_o to_o be_v equal_v by_o any_o art_n or_o expense_n of_o our_o neighbour_n i_o remember_v no_o mention_n in_o ancient_a author_n of_o that_o which_o be_v now_o call_v the_o zudder-sea_n which_o make_v i_o imagine_v that_o may_v have_v be_v form_v likewise_o by_o some_o great_a inundation_n break_v in_o between_o the_o tessel-island_n and_o other_o that_o lie_v still_o in_o a_o line_n contiguous_a and_o like_o the_o break_a remainder_n of_o a_o continue_a coast._n this_o seem_v more_o probable_a from_o the_o great_a shallowness_n of_o that_o sea_n and_o flatness_n of_o the_o sand_n upon_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o it_o from_o the_o violent_a rage_n of_o the_o water_n break_v in_o that_o way_n which_o threaten_v the_o part_n of_o north-holland_n about_o medenblick_a and_o enchusen_n and_o brave_a it_o over_o the_o high_a and_o strong_a digue_n of_o the_o province_n upon_o every_o high-tide_n and_o storm_n at_o northwest_n as_o likewise_o from_o the_o name_n of_o east_n and_o west-friezland_a which_o shall_v have_v be_v one_o continent_n till_o divide_v by_o this_o sea_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o first_o count_n of_o holland_n their_o great_a and_o almost_o continual_a war_n be_v against_o the_o frizon_n which_o can_v not_o have_v be_v if_o separate_v by_o this_o sea_n or_o if_o the_o frizon_n be_v only_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o north-holland_n whatever_o it_o be_v whether_o nature_n or_o accident_n and_o upon_o what_o occasion_n soever_o it_o arrive_v the_o soil_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n of_o holland_n be_v general_o flat_a like_o the_o sea_n in_o a_o calm_a and_o look_v as_o if_o after_o a_o long_a contention_n between_o land_n and_o water_n which_o it_o shall_v belong_v to_o it_o have_v at_o length_n be_v divide_v between_o they_o for_o to_o consider_v the_o great_a river_n and_o the_o strange_a number_n of_o canal_n that_o be_v find_v in_o this_o province_n and_o do_v not_o only_o lead_v to_o every_o great_a town_n but_o almost_o to_o every_o village_n and_o every_o farmhouse_n in_o the_o country_n and_o the_o infinity_n of_o sail_n that_o be_v see_v every_o where_o course_v up_o and_o down_o upon_o they_o one_o will_v imagine_v the_o water_n to_o have_v share_v with_o the_o land_n and_o the_o people_n that_o live_v in_o boat_n to_o hold_v some_o proportion_n with_o those_o that_o live_v in_o house_n and_o this_o be_v one_o great_a advantage_n towards_o trade_n which_o be_v natural_a to_o the_o situation_n and_o not_o to_o be_v attain_v in_o any_o country_n where_o there_o be_v not_o the_o same_o level_n and_o softness_n of_o soil_n which_o make_v the_o cut_n of_o canal_n so_o easy_a work_n as_o to_o be_v attempt_v almost_o by_o every_o private_a man_n and_o one_o horse_n shall_v draw_v in_o a_o boat_n more_o than_o fifty_o can_v do_v by_o cart_n whereas_o carriage_n make_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o price_n in_o all_o heavy_a commodity_n and_o by_o this_o easy_a way_n of_o travel_v a_o industrious_a man_n lose_v no_o time_n from_o his_o business_n for_o he_o write_v or_o eat_v or_o sleep_n while_o he_o go_v whereas_o the_o time_n of_o labour_v or_o industrious_a man_n be_v the_o great_a native_a commodity_n of_o any_o country_n there_o be_v beside_o one_o very_o great_a lake_n of_o fresh_a water_n still_o remain_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o province_n by_o the_o name_n of_o harlem_n maer_n which_o may_v as_o they_o say_v be_v easy_o drain_v and_o will_v thereby_o make_v a_o mighty_a addition_n of_o land_n to_o a_o country_n where_o nothing_o be_v more_o want_v and_o receive_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o people_n in_o which_o they_o abound_v and_o who_o make_v their_o greatness_n and_o riches_n much_o discourse_n there_o have_v be_v about_o such_o a_o attempt_n but_o the_o city_n of_o leyden_n have_v no_o other_o way_n of_o refresh_v their_o town_n or_o renew_v their_o canal_n with_o fresh_a water_n but_o from_o this_o maer_n will_v never_o consent_v to_o it_o on_o the_o other_o side_n amsterdam_n will_v ever_o oppose_v the_o open_n and_o cleanse_v of_o the_o old_a channel_n of_o the_o rhine_n which_o they_o say_v may_v easy_o be_v compass_v and_o by_o which_o the_o town_n of_o leyden_n will_v grow_v maritime_a and_o share_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o trade_n now_o engross_v by_o amsterdam_n there_o be_v in_o north-holland_n a_o great_a essay_n make_v at_o the_o possibility_n of_o drain_n these_o great_a lake_n by_o one_o of_o about_o two_o league_n broad_a have_v be_v make_v firm_a land_n within_o these_o forty_o year_n this_o make_v that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n call_v the_o bemster_n be_v now_o the_o rich_a soil_n of_o the_o province_n lie_v upon_o a_o dead_a flat_a divide_v with_o canal_n and_o the_o way_n through_o it_o distinguish_v with_o range_n of_o tree_n which_o make_v the_o pleasant_a summer-landschip_a of_o any_o country_n i_o have_v see_v of_o that_o sort_n another_o advantage_n of_o their_o situation_n for_o trade_n be_v make_v by_o those_o two_o great_a river_n of_o the_o rind_n and_o mose_n reach_v up_o and_o navigable_a so_o mighty_a a_o length_n into_o so_o rich_a and_o populous_a country_n of_o the_o high_a and_o low_a germany_n which_o as_o it_o bring_v down_o all_o the_o commodity_n from_o those_o part_n to_o the_o magazine_n in_o holland_n that_o vent_v they_o by_o their_o ship_n into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n where_o the_o market_n call_v for_o they_o so_o with_o something_o more_o labour_n and_o time_n it_o return_v all_o the_o merchandize_n of_o other_o part_n into_o those_o country_n that_o be_v seat_v upon_o these_o stream_n for_o their_o commodious_a seat_n as_o to_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o straits_n or_o baltique_a or_o any_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n i_o see_v no_o advantage_n they_o have_v of_o most_o part_n of_o england_n and_o they_o must_v certain_o yield_v to_o many_o we_o possess_v if_o we_o have_v other_o equal_a circumstance_n to_o value_v they_o the_o lowness_n and_o flatness_n of_o their_o land_n make_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n the_o richness_n of_o their_o soil_n that_o be_v easy_o overflow_v every_o winter_n so_o as_o the_o whole_a country_n at_o that_o season_n seem_v to_o lie_v under_o water_n which_o in_o spring_n be_v drive_v out_o again_o by_o mill_n but_o that_o which_o mend_v the_o earth_n spoil_v the_o air_n which_o will_v be_v all_o fog_n and_o mist_n if_o it_o be_v not_o clear_v by_o the_o sharpness_n of_o their_o frost_n which_o never_o fail_v with_o every_o east-wind_n for_o about_o four_o month_n of_o the_o year_n and_o be_v much_o fierce_a than_o in_o the_o same_o latitude_n with_o we_o because_o that_o wind_n come_v to_o they_o over_o a_o mighty_a length_n of_o dry_a continent_n but_o be_v moisten_v by_o the_o vapour_n or_o soften_v by_o the_o warmth_n of_o the_o sea_n motion_n before_o it_o reach_v we_o and_o this_o be_v the_o great_a disadvantage_n of_o trade_n they_o receive_v from_o their_o situation_n though_o necessary_a to_o their_o health_n because_o many_o time_n their_o havens_n be_v all_o shut_v up_o for_o two_o or_o three_o month_n with_o ice_n when_o we_o be_v open_a and_o free_a the_o fierce_a sharpness_n of_o these_o wind_n make_v the_o change_n of_o their_o wether_n and_o season_n more_o violent_a and_o
much_o into_o italy_n seldomer_n into_o spain_n nor_o often_o into_o the_o more_o northern_a country_n unless_o in_o company_n or_o train_n of_o their_o public_a minister_n the_o chief_a end_n of_o their_o breed_n be_v to_o make_v they_o fit_a for_o the_o service_n of_o their_o country_n in_o the_o magistracy_n of_o their_o town_n their_o province_n and_o their_o state_n and_o of_o these_o kind_n of_o man_n be_v the_o civil_a officer_n of_o this_o government_n general_o compose_v be_v descend_v of_o family_n who_o have_v many_o time_n be_v constant_o in_o the_o magistracy_n of_o their_o native_a town_n for_o many_o year_n and_o some_o for_o several_a age_n such_o be_v most_o or_o all_o of_o the_o chief_a minister_n and_o the_o person_n that_o compose_v their_o chief_a council_n in_o the_o time_n of_o my_o residence_n among_o they_o and_o not_o man_n of_o mean_a or_o mechanic_n trade_n as_o it_o be_v common_o receive_v among_o foreigner_n and_o make_v the_o subject_n of_o comical_a jest_n upon_o their_o government_n this_o do_v not_o exclude_v many_o merchant_n or_o trader_n in_o gross_a from_o be_v often_o see_v in_o the_o office_n of_o their_o city_n and_o sometime_o depute_v to_o their_o state_n nor_o several_a of_o their_o state_n from_o turn_v their_o stock_n in_o the_o management_n of_o some_o very_a beneficial_a trade_n by_o servant_n and_o house_n maintain_v to_o that_o purpose_n but_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o state_n and_o magistrate_n be_v of_o the_o other_o sort_n their_o estate_n consist_v in_o the_o pension_n of_o their_o public_a charge_n in_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n or_o interest_n of_o money_n upon_o the_o cantores_fw-la or_o in_o action_n of_o the_o east-indy_n company_n or_o in_o share_n upon_o the_o adventure_n of_o great_a trading-merchant_n nor_o do_v these_o family_n habituate_v as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o magistracy_n of_o their_o town_n and_o province_n usual_o arrive_v at_o great_a or_o excessive_a riches_n the_o salary_n of_o public_a employment_n and_o interest_n be_v low_a but_o the_o revenue_n of_o land_n be_v yet_o very_o much_o low_a and_o seldom_o exceed_v the_o profit_n of_o two_o in_o the_o hundred_o they_o content_v themselves_o with_o the_o hohour_n of_o be_v useful_a to_o the_o public_a with_o the_o esteem_n of_o their_o city_n or_o their_o country_n and_o with_o the_o ease_n of_o their_o fortune_n which_o seldom_o fail_v by_o the_o frugality_n of_o their_o live_n grow_v universal_a by_o be_v i_o suppose_v at_o first_o necessary_a but_o since_o honourable_a among_o they_o the_o mighty_a growth_n and_o excess_n of_o riches_n be_v see_v among_o the_o merchant_n and_o trader_n who_o application_n lie_v whole_o that_o way_n and_o who_o be_v the_o better_a content_n to_o have_v so_o little_a share_n in_o the_o government_n desire_v only_a security_n in_o what_o they_o possess_v trouble_v with_o no_o care_n but_o those_o of_o their_o fortune_n and_o the_o management_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o turn_v the_o rest_n of_o their_o time_n and_o thought_n to_o the_o divertisement_n of_o their_o life_n yet_o these_o when_o they_o attain_v great_a wealth_n choose_v to_o breed_v up_o their_o son_n in_o the_o way_n and_o marry_v their_o daughter_n into_o the_o family_n of_o those_o other_o most_o general_o credit_v in_o their_o town_n and_o verse_v in_o their_o magistracy_n and_o thereby_o introduce_v their_o family_n into_o the_o way_n of_o government_n and_o honour_n which_o consist_v not_o here_o in_o title_n but_o in_o public_a employment_n the_o next_o rank_n among_o they_o be_v that_o of_o their_o gentleman_n or_o noble_n who_o in_o the_o province_n of_o holland_n to_o which_o i_o chief_o confine_v these_o observation_n be_v very_o few_o most_o of_o the_o family_n have_v be_v extinguish_v in_o the_o long_a war_n with_o spain_n but_o those_o that_o remain_v be_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o employ_v in_o the_o military_a or_o civil_a charge_n of_o the_o province_n or_o state_n these_o be_v in_o their_o custom_n and_o manner_n and_o way_n of_o live_v a_o good_a deal_n different_a from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o people_n and_o have_v be_v breed_v much_o abroad_o rather_o affect_v the_o garb_n of_o their_o neighbour-court_n than_o the_o popular_a air_n of_o their_o own_o country_n they_o value_v themselves_o more_o upon_o their_o nobility_n than_o man_n do_v in_o other_o country_n where_o it_o be_v more_o common_a and_o will_v think_v themselves_o utter_o dishonour_v by_o the_o marriage_n of_o one_o that_o be_v not_o of_o their_o rank_n though_o it_o be_v to_o make_v up_o the_o break_a fortune_n of_o a_o noble_a family_n by_o the_o wealth_n of_o a_o plebeian_n they_o strive_v to_o imitate_v the_o french_a in_o their_o mien_n their_o clothes_n their_o way_n of_o talk_n of_o eat_v of_o gallantry_n or_o debauchery_n and_o be_v in_o my_o mind_n something_o worse_o than_o they_o will_v be_v by_o affect_v to_o be_v better_a than_o they_o need_v make_v sometime_o but_o ill_a copy_n whereas_o they_o may_v be_v good_a original_n by_o refine_n or_o improve_n the_o custom_n and_o virtue_n proper_a to_o their_o own_o country_n and_o climate_n they_o be_v otherwise_o a_o honest_a well-natured_a friendly_a and_o gentlemanly_a sort_n of_o man_n and_o acquit_v themselves_o general_o with_o honour_n and_o merit_n where_o their_o country_n employ_v they_o the_o officer_n of_o their_o army_n live_v after_o the_o custom_n and_o fashion_n of_o the_o gentleman_n and_o so_o do_v many_o son_n of_o the_o rich_a merchant_n who_o return_v from_o travel_n abroad_o have_v more_o design_n upon_o their_o own_o pleasure_n and_o the_o vanity_n of_o appear_v than_o upon_o the_o service_n of_o their_o country_n or_o if_o they_o pretend_v to_o enter_v into_o that_o it_o be_v rather_o by_o the_o army_n than_o the_o state_n and_o all_o these_o be_v general_o desirous_a to_o see_v a_o court_n in_o their_o country_n that_o they_o may_v value_v themselves_o at_o home_n by_o the_o quality_n they_o have_v learn_v abroad_o and_o make_v a_o figure_n which_o agree_v better_o with_o their_o own_o humour_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o court_n than_o with_o the_o custom_n and_o order_n that_o prevail_v in_o more_o popular_a government_n there_o be_v some_o custom_n or_o disposition_n that_o seem_v to_o run_v general_o through_o all_o these_o degree_n of_o man_n among_o they_o as_o great_a frugality_n and_o order_n in_o their_o expense_n their_o common_a riches_n lie_v in_o every_o man_n have_v more_o than_o he_o spend_v or_o to_o say_v it_o more_o proper_o in_o every_o man_n spend_v less_o than_o he_o have_v come_v in_o be_v that_o what_o it_o will_v nor_o do_v it_o enter_v into_o man_n head_n among_o they_o that_o the_o common_a port_n or_o course_n of_o expense_n shall_v equal_v the_o revenue_n and_o when_o this_o happen_v they_o think_v at_o least_o they_o have_v live_v that_o year_n to_o no_o purpose_n and_o the_o train_n of_o it_o discredit_v a_o man_n among_o they_o as_o much_o as_o any_o vicious_a or_o prodigal_a extravagance_n do_v in_o other_o country_n this_o enable_v every_o man_n to_o bear_v their_o extreme_a tax_n and_o make_v they_o less_o sensible_a than_o they_o will_v be_v in_o other_o place_n for_o he_o that_o live_v upon_o two_o part_n in_o five_o of_o what_o he_o have_v come_v in_o if_o he_o pay_v two_o more_o to_o the_o state_n he_o do_v but_o part_n with_o what_o he_o shall_v have_v lay_v up_o and_o have_v no_o present_a use_n for_o whereas_o he_o that_o spend_v yearly_a what_o he_o receive_v if_o he_o pay_v but_o the_o fifty_o part_n to_o the_o public_a it_o go_v from_o he_o like_o that_o which_o be_v necessary_a to_o buy_v bread_n or_o clothes_n for_o himself_o or_o his_o family_n this_o make_v the_o beauty_n and_o strength_n of_o their_o town_n the_o commodiousness_n of_o travel_v in_o their_o country_n by_o their_o canal_n bridge_n and_o cawsey_n the_o pleasantness_n of_o their_o walk_n and_o their_o graft_n in_o and_o near_o all_o their_o city_n and_o in_o short_a the_o beauty_n convenience_n and_o sometime_o magnificence_n of_o all_o public_a work_n to_o which_o every_o man_n pay_v as_o willing_o and_o take_v as_o much_o pleasure_n and_o vanity_n in_o they_o as_o those_o of_o other_o country_n do_v in_o the_o same_o circumstance_n among_o the_o possession_n of_o their_o family_n or_o private_a inheritance_n what_o they_o can_v spare_v beside_o the_o necessary_a expense_n of_o their_o domestic_a the_o public_a payment_n and_o the_o common_a course_n of_o still_o increase_a their_o stock_n be_v lay_v out_o in_o the_o fabric_n adornment_n or_o furniture_n of_o their_o house_n thing_n not_o so_o transitory_a or_o so_o prejudicial_a to_o health_n and_o to_o business_n as_o the_o constant_a excess_n and_o luxury_n of_o table_n nor_o perhaps_o altogether_o so_o vain_a as_o the_o extravagant_a expense_n of_o clothes_n and_o
also_o those_o manner_n and_o disposition_n that_o tend_v to_o the_o peace_n order_n and_o safety_n of_o all_o civil_a society_n and_o government_n among_o man_n nor_o can_v i_o ever_o understand_v how_o those_o who_o call_v themselves_o and_o the_o world_n usual_o call_v religious_a man_n come_v to_o put_v so_o great_a weight_n upon_o those_o point_n of_o belief_n which_o man_n never_o have_v agree_v in_o and_o so_o little_a upon_o those_o of_o virtue_n and_o morality_n in_o which_o they_o have_v hardly_o ever_o disagree_v nor_o why_o a_o state_n shall_v venture_v the_o subversion_n of_o their_o peace_n and_o their_o order_n which_o be_v certain_a good_n for_o the_o propagation_n of_o uncertain_a or_o contest_v opinion_n one_o of_o the_o great_a cause_n of_o the_o first_o revolt_n in_o the_o low-countries_n appear_v to_o be_v the_o oppression_n of_o man_n conscience_n or_o persecution_n in_o their_o liberty_n their_o estate_n and_o their_o life_n upon_o pretence_n of_o religion_n and_o this_o at_o a_o time_n when_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o conspiring-disposition_n in_o most_o country_n of_o christendom_n to_o seek_v the_o reformation_n of_o some_o abuse_n grow_v in_o the_o doctrine_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n either_o by_o the_o rust_n of_o time_n by_o negligence_n or_o by_o human_a invention_n passion_n and_o interest_n the_o rigid_a opposition_n give_v at_o rome_n to_o this_o general_a humour_n be_v follow_v by_o a_o defection_n of_o mighty_a number_n in_o all_o those_o several_a country_n who_o profess_v to_o reform_v themselves_o according_a to_o such_o rule_n as_o they_o think_v be_v necessary_a for_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o church_n these_o person_n though_o they_o agree_v in_o the_o main_a of_o disow_v the_o papal_a power_n and_o reduce_v belief_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o tradition_n to_o that_o of_o the_o scripture_n yet_o they_o differ_v much_o among_o themselves_o in_o other_o circumstance_n especial_o of_o discipline_n according_a to_o the_o persuasion_n and_o impression_n of_o the_o leading-doctor_n in_o their_o several_a country_n so_o the_o reform_a of_o france_n become_v universal_o calvinist_n but_o for_o those_o of_o germany_n though_o they_o be_v general_o lutheran_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o great_a mixture_n both_o of_o calvinist_n and_o anabaptist_n among_o they_o the_o first_o persecution_n of_o these_o reform_a arise_v in_o germany_n in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o and_o drive_v great_a number_n of_o they_o down_o into_o the_o seventeen_o province_n especial_o holland_n and_o brabant_n where_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o city_n be_v great_a and_o the_o emperor_n government_n be_v less_o severe_a as_o among_o the_o subject_n of_o his_o own_o native_a country_n this_o be_v the_o occasion_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1566_o when_o upon_o the_o first_o insurrection_n in_o flanders_n those_o of_o the_o reform_a profession_n begin_v to_o form_v consistory_n and_o levy_v contribution_n among_o themselves_o for_o support_v of_o their_o common_a cause_n it_o be_v resolve_v upon_o consultation_n among_o the_o head_n of_o they_o that_o for_o decline_v all_o difference_n among_o themselves_o at_o a_o time_n of_o common_a exigence_n the_o public_a profession_n of_o their_o party_n shall_v be_v that_o of_o the_o lutheran_n though_o with_o liberty_n and_o indulgence_n to_o those_o of_o different_a opinion_n by_o the_o union_n of_o utrecht_n conclude_v in_o 579_o each_o of_o the_o province_n be_v leave_v to_o order_v the_o matter_n of_o religion_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o most_o conduce_v to_o the_o welfare_n of_o their_o province_n with_o this_o provision_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v remain_v free_a in_o his_o religion_n and_o none_o be_v examine_v or_o entrap_v for_o that_o cause_n according_a to_o the_o pacification_n at_o gant_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 583_o it_o be_v enact_v by_o general_a agreement_n that_o the_o evangelical_n religion_n shall_v be_v only_o profess_v in_o all_o the_o seven_o province_n which_o come_v thereby_o to_o be_v the_o establish_a religion_n of_o this_o state_n the_o reason_n which_o seem_v to_o induce_v they_o to_o this_o settlement_n be_v many_o and_o of_o weight_n as_o first_o because_o by_o the_o persecution_n arrive_v in_o france_n where_o all_o the_o reform_a be_v calvinist_n multitude_n of_o people_n have_v retire_v out_o of_o that_o kingdom_n into_o the_o low_a country_n and_o by_o the_o great_a commerce_n and_o continual_a intercourse_n with_o england_n where_o the_o reformation_n agree_v much_o with_o the_o calvinist_n in_o point_n of_o doctrine_n though_o more_o with_o the_o lutheran_n in_o point_n of_o discipline_n those_o opinion_n come_v to_o be_v credit_v and_o propagate_v more_o than_o any_o other_o among_o the_o people_n of_o these_o province_n so_o as_o the_o number_n be_v grow_v to_o be_v great_a far_o in_o the_o city_n of_o this_o than_o of_o any_o other_o profession_n second_o the_o succour_n and_o supply_n both_o of_o man_n and_o money_n by_o which_o the_o weak_a beginning_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n be_v perserve_v and_o fortify_v come_v chief_o from_o england_n from_o the_o protestant_n of_o france_n when_o their_o affair_n be_v successful_a and_o from_o the_o calvinist_n prince_n of_o germany_n who_o lie_v near_a and_o be_v ready_a to_o relieve_v they_o in_o the_o next_o place_n because_o those_o of_o this_o profession_n seem_v the_o most_o contrary_a and_o violent_a against_o the_o spaniard_n who_o make_v themselves_o head_n of_o the_o roman-catholiques_a throughout_o christendom_n and_o the_o hatred_n of_o spain_n and_o their_o dominion_n be_v so_o root_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o this_o people_n that_o it_o have_v influence_n upon_o they_o in_o the_o very_a choice_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o last_o because_o by_o this_o profession_n all_o right_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o clergy_n or_o hierarchy_n be_v suppress_v there_o be_v no_o ecclesiastical_a authority_n leave_v to_o rise_v up_o and_o trouble_v or_o fetter_v the_o civil_a power_n and_o all_o the_o good_n and_o possession_n of_o church_n and_o abbey_n be_v seize_v whole_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o state_n which_o make_v a_o great_a increase_n of_o the_o public_a revenue_n a_o thing_n the_o most_o necessary_a for_o the_o support_n of_o their_o government_n there_o may_v perhaps_o be_v add_v one_o reason_n more_o which_o be_v particular_a to_o one_o of_o the_o province_n for_o whereas_o in_o most_o if_o not_o all_o other_o part_n of_o christendom_n the_o clergy_n compose_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o country_n and_o thereby_o share_v with_o the_o noble_n and_o commons_o in_o their_o influence_n upon_o the_o government_n that_o order_n never_o make_v any_o part_n of_o the_o estate_n in_o holland_n nor_o have_v any_o vote_n in_o their_o assembly_n which_o consist_v only_o of_o the_o noble_n and_o the_o city_n and_o this_o province_n bear_v always_o the_o great_a sway_n in_o the_o council_n of_o the_o union_n be_v most_o incline_v to_o the_o settlement_n of_o that_o profession_n which_o give_v least_o pretence_n of_o power_n or_o jurisdiction_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o so_o agree_v most_o with_o their_o own_o ancient_a constitution_n since_o this_o establishment_n as_o well_o as_o before_o the_o great_a care_n of_o this_o state_n have_v ever_o be_v to_o favour_v no_o particular_a or_o curious_a inquisition_n into_o the_o faith_n or_o religious_a principle_n of_o any_o peaceable_a man_n who_o come_v to_o live_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o their_o law_n and_o to_o suffer_v no_o violence_n or_o oppression_n upon_o any_o man_n conscience_n who_o opinion_n break_v not_o out_o into_o expression_n or_o action_n of_o ill_a consequence_n to_o the_o state_n a_o free_a form_n of_o government_n either_o make_v way_n for_o more_o freedom_n in_o religion_n or_o else_o have_v new_o contend_v so_o far_o themselves_o for_o liberty_n in_o this_o point_n they_o think_v it_o the_o more_o unreasonable_a for_o they_o to_o oppress_v other_o perhaps_o while_o they_o be_v so_o threaten_v and_o endanger_v by_o foreign_a army_n they_o think_v it_o the_o more_o necessary_a to_o provide_v against_o discontent_n within_o which_o can_v never_o be_v dangerous_a where_o they_o be_v not_o ground_v or_o father_v upon_o oppression_n in_o point_n either_o of_o religion_n or_o liberty_n but_o in_o those_o two_o case_n the_o flame_n often_o prove_v most_o violent_a in_o a_o state_n the_o more_o it_o be_v shut_v up_o or_o the_o long_o conceal_v the_o roman-catholique_a religion_n be_v alone_o except_v from_o the_o common_a protection_n of_o their_o law_n make_v man_n as_o the_o state_n believe_v worse_o subject_n than_o the_o rest_n by_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o a_o foreign_a and_o superior_a jurisdiction_n for_o so_o must_v all_o spiritual_a power_n need_v be_v as_o ground_v upon_o great_a hope_n and_o fear_n than_o any_o civil_a at_o lest_o wherever_o the_o persuasion_n from_o faith_n be_v as_o strong_a as_o those_o
town_n and_o nature_n of_o their_o government_n so_o two_o other_o have_v grow_v with_o the_o course_n of_o time_n and_o progress_n of_o their_o riches_n and_o power_n one_o be_v the_o reputation_n of_o their_o government_n arise_v from_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o success_n of_o their_o arm_n the_o prudence_n of_o their_o negotiation_n the_o steddiness_n of_o their_o counsel_n the_o constancy_n of_o their_o peace_n and_o quiet_a at_o home_n and_o the_o consideration_n they_o hereby_o arrive_v at_o among_o the_o prince_n and_o state_n of_o christendom_n from_o all_o these_o man_n grow_v to_o a_o general_a opinion_n of_o the_o wisdom_n and_o conduct_n of_o their_o state_n and_o of_o its_o be_v establish_v upon_o foundation_n that_o can_v not_o be_v shake_v by_o any_o common_a accident_n nor_o consequent_o in_o danger_n of_o any_o great_a or_o sudden_a revolution_n and_o this_o be_v a_o mighty_a inducement_n to_o industrious_a people_n to_o come_v and_o inhabit_v a_o country_n who_o seek_v not_o only_a safety_n under_o law_n from_o injustice_n and_o oppression_n but_o likewise_o under_o the_o strength_n and_o good_a conduct_n of_o a_o state_n from_o the_o violence_n of_o foreign_a invasion_n or_o of_o civil_a commotion_n the_o other_o be_v the_o great_a beauty_n of_o their_o country_n force_v in_o time_n and_o by_o the_o improvement_n of_o industry_n in_o spite_n of_o nature_n which_o draw_v every_o day_n such_o number_n of_o curious_a and_o idle_a person_n to_o see_v their_o province_n though_o not_o to_o inhabit_v they_o and_o indeed_o their_o country_n be_v a_o much_o better_a mistress_n than_o a_o wife_n and_o where_o few_o person_n who_o be_v well_o at_o home_n will_v be_v content_a to_o live_v but_o where_o none_o that_o have_v time_n and_o money_n to_o spare_v will_v not_o for_o once_o be_v willing_a to_o travel_v and_o as_o england_n show_v in_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o country_n what_o nature_n can_v arrive_v at_o so_o do_v holland_n in_o the_o number_n greatness_n and_o beauty_n of_o their_o town_n whatever_o art_n can_v bring_v to_o pass_v but_o these_o and_o many_o other_o matter_n of_o speculation_n among_o they_o fill_v the_o observation_n of_o all_o common_a traveller_n shall_v make_v no_o part_n of_o i_o who_o design_n be_v rather_o to_o discover_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o riches_n than_o to_o relate_v the_o effect_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v note_v hereupon_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o wisdom_n in_o any_o kingdom_n or_o state_n by_o the_o magnificence_n of_o court_n or_o of_o public_a structure_n by_o encourage_v beauty_n in_o private_a building_n and_o the_o adornment_n of_o town_n with_o pleasant_a and_o regular_a plantation_n of_o tree_n by_o the_o celebration_n of_o some_o noble_a festival_n or_o solemnity_n by_o the_o institution_n of_o some_o great_a mart_n or_o fair_n and_o by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o any_o extraordinary_a and_o renown_a spectacle_n to_o invite_v and_o occasion_n as_o much_o and_o as_o often_o as_o can_v be_v the_o concourse_n of_o busy_a or_o idle_a people_n from_o the_o neighbour_a or_o remote_a nation_n who_o very_a passage_n and_o intercourse_n be_v a_o great_a increase_n of_o wealth_n and_o of_o trade_n and_o a_o secret_a incentive_a of_o people_n to_o inhabit_v a_o country_n where_o man_n may_v meet_v with_o equal_a advantage_n and_o more_o entertainment_n of_o life_n than_o in_o other_o place_n such_o be_v the_o olympic_a and_o other_o game_n among_o the_o grecian_n such_o the_o triumph_n trophy_n and_o secular_a play_n of_o old_a rome_n as_o well_o as_o the_o spectacle_n exhibit_v afterward_o by_o the_o emperor_n with_o such_o stupendous_a effect_n of_o art_n and_o expense_n for_o court_v or_o entertertain_v the_o people_n such_o the_o jubilee_n of_o new_a rome_n the_o just_n and_o tournament_n former_o use_v in_o most_o of_o the_o court_n of_o christendom_n the_o festival_n of_o the_o more_o celebrate_a order_n of_o knighthood_n and_o in_o particular_a town_n the_o carnaval_n and_o fair_n the_o kirmesh_n which_o run_v through_o all_o the_o city_n of_o the_o netherlands_o and_o in_o some_o of_o they_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o pageantry_n as_o well_o as_o traffic_n be_v equal_a bait_n of_o pleasure_n and_o of_o gain_n have_v thus_o discover_v what_o have_v lay_v the_o great_a foundation_n of_o their_o trade_n by_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o people_n which_o have_v plant_v and_o habituate_v industry_n among_o they_o and_o by_o that_o all_o sort_n of_o manufacture_n as_o well_o as_o parsimony_n and_o thereby_o general_a wealth_n i_o shall_v enumerate_v very_o brief_o some_o other_o circumstance_n that_o seem_v next_o to_o these_o the_o chief_a advancer_n and_o encourager_n of_o trade_n in_o their_o country_n low_a interest_n and_o deerness_n of_o land_n be_v effect_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n and_o cause_n so_o much_o money_n to_o lie_v ready_a for_o all_o project_n by_o which_o gain_n may_v be_v expect_v as_o the_o cut_n of_o canal_n make_v bridge_n and_o cawsy_n level_a down_n and_o drain_n marsh_n beside_o all_o new_a essay_n at_o foreign_a trade_n which_o be_v propose_v with_o any_o probability_n of_o advantage_n the_o use_n of_o their_o bank_n which_o secure_v money_n and_o make_v all_o payment_n easy_a and_o trade_n quick_a the_o sale_n by_o registry_n which_o be_v introduce_v here_o and_o in_o flanders_n in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o and_o make_v all_o purchase_n safe_a the_o severity_n of_o justice_n not_o only_o against_o all_o theft_n but_o all_o cheat_n and_o counterfeit_v of_o any_o public_a bill_n which_o be_v capital_a among_o they_o and_o even_o against_o all_o common_a beggar_n who_o be_v dispose_v of_o either_o into_o work-house_n or_o hospital_n as_o they_o be_v able_a or_o unable_a to_o labour_v the_o convoy_n of_o merchant-fleet_n into_o all_o part_n even_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n but_o especial_o into_o the_o straits_n which_o give_v their_o trade_n security_n against_o many_o unexpected_a accident_n and_o their_o nation_n credit_n abroad_o and_o breed_v up_o seaman_n for_o their_o ship_n of_o war._n the_o lowness_n of_o their_o custom_n and_o easiness_n of_o pay_v they_o which_o with_o the_o freedom_n of_o their_o port_n invite_v both_o stranger_n and_o native_n to_o bring_v commodity_n hither_o not_o only_o as_o to_o a_o market_n but_o as_o to_o a_o magazine_n where_o they_o lodge_v till_o they_o be_v invite_v abroad_o to_o other_o and_o better_a market_n order_n and_o exactness_n in_o manage_v their_o trade_n which_o bring_v their_o commodity_n in_o credit_n abroad_o this_o be_v first_o introduce_v by_o severe_a law_n and_o penalty_n but_o be_v since_o grow_v into_o custom_n thus_o there_o have_v be_v above_o thirty_o several_a placart_n about_o the_o manner_n of_o cure_v pickle_a and_o barrel_v herring_n thus_o all_o arm_n make_v at_o utrecht_n be_v forfeit_v if_o sell_v without_o mark_n or_o mark_v without_o trial_n and_o i_o observe_v in_o their_o indian-house_n that_o all_o the_o piece_n of_o scarlet_a which_o be_v send_v in_o great_a quantity_n to_o those_o part_n be_v mark_v with_o the_o english_a arm_n and_o inscription_n in_o english_a by_o which_o they_o maintain_v the_o credit_n gain_v to_o that_o commodity_n by_o our_o former_a trade_n to_o part_n where_o it_o be_v now_o lose_v or_o decay_v the_o government_n manage_v either_o by_o man_n that_o trade_n or_o who_o family_n have_v rise_v by_o it_o or_o who_o have_v themselves_o some_o interest_n go_v in_o other_o man_n traffic_n or_o who_o be_v bear_v and_o breed_v in_o town_n the_o soul_n and_o be_v whereof_o consist_v whole_o in_o trade_n which_o make_v sure_a of_o all_o favour_n that_o from_o time_n to_o time_n grow_v necessary_a and_o can_v be_v give_v it_o by_o the_o government_n the_o custom_n of_o every_o town_n affect_v some_o particular_a commerce_n or_o staple_n value_v itself_o thereupon_o and_o so_o improve_n it_o to_o the_o great_a height_n as_o flussingue_n by_o that_o of_o the_o west-indies_n middleburgh_n of_o french-wine_n terveer_n by_o the_o scotch_a staple_n dort_n by_o the_o english_a staple_n and_o rhenish-wine_n rotterdam_n by_o the_o rnglish_a and_o scotch_a trade_n at_o large_a and_o by_o french-wine_n leyden_n by_o the_o manufacture_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o stuff_n silk_n hair_n gold_n and_o silver_n haerlem_n by_o linen_n mixt-stuffs_a and_o flower_n delf_n by_o beer_n and_o dutch-purcelane_a surdam_n by_o the_o build_v of_o ship_n enchusyen_v and_o mazlandsluys_n by_o herring-fishing_a friezland_n by_o the_o greenland-trade_n and_o amsterdam_n by_o that_o of_o the_o east-indies_n spain_n and_o the_o straits_n the_o great_a application_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n to_o the_o fishing-trade_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n which_o employ_v a_o incredible_a number_n of_o ship_n and_o seaman_n and_o supply_v most_o of_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o europe_n with_o a_o rich_a and_o
best_a native_a commodity_n and_o the_o other_o drain_v all_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o west-indies_n by_o all_o this_o account_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o riches_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o some_o of_o our_o maxim_n be_v not_o so_o certain_a as_o they_o be_v current_n in_o our_o common_a politic_n as_o first_o that_o example_n and_o encouragement_n of_o excess_n and_o luxury_n if_o employ_v in_o the_o consumption_n of_o native_a commodity_n be_v of_o advantage_n to_o trade_n it_o may_v be_v so_o to_o that_o which_o impoverish_v but_o be_v not_o to_o that_o which_o enrich_v a_o country_n and_o be_v indeed_o less_o prejudicial_a if_o it_o lie_v in_o native_a than_o in_o foreign_a ware_n but_o the_o custom_n or_o humour_n of_o luxury_n and_o expense_n can_v stop_v at_o certain_a bound_n what_o begin_v in_o native_a will_v proceed_v in_o foreign_a commodity_n and_o though_o the_o example_n arise_v among_o idle_a person_n yet_o the_o imitation_n will_v run_v into_o all_o degree_n even_o of_o those_o man_n by_o who_o industry_n the_o nation_n subsist_v and_o beside_o the_o more_o of_o our_o own_o we_o spend_v the_o less_o we_o shall_v have_v to_o send_v abroad_o and_o so_o it_o will_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o while_o we_o drive_v a_o vast_a trade_n yet_o by_o buy_v much_o more_o than_o we_o sell_v we_o shall_v come_v to_o be_v poor_a whereas_o when_o we_o drive_v a_o very_a small_a traffic_n abroad_o yet_o by_o sell_v so_o much_o more_o than_o we_o buy_v we_o be_v very_o rich_a in_o proportion_n to_o our_o neighbour_n this_o appear_v in_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n when_o we_o maintain_v so_o mighty_a war_n in_o france_n and_o carry_v our_o victorious_a arm_n into_o the_o heart_n of_o spain_n whereas_o in_o the_o 28_o year_n of_o that_o king_n reign_n the_o value_n and_o custom_n of_o all_o our_o exported_a commodity_n amount_v to_o 294184_o l._n 17_o s._n 2_o d._n and_o that_o of_o our_o import_v but_o to_o 38970_o l._n 03_o s._n 06_o d._n so_o as_o there_o must_v have_v enter_v that_o year_n into_o the_o kingdom_n in_o coin_n or_o bullion_n or_o else_o have_v grow_v a_o debt_n to_o the_o nation_n 255214_o l._n 13_o s._n 08_o d._n and_o yet_o we_o then_o carry_v out_o our_o wool_n unwrought_a and_o bring_v in_o a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o clothes_n from_o flanders_n another_o common_a maxim_n be_v that_o if_o by_o any_o foreign_a invasion_n or_o servitude_n the_o state_n and_o consequent_o the_o trade_n of_o holland_n shall_v be_v ruin_v the_o last_o will_v of_o course_n fall_v to_o our_o share_n in_o england_n which_o be_v no_o consequence_n for_o it_o will_v certain_o break_v into_o several_a piece_n and_o shift_n either_o to_o we_o to_o flanders_n to_o the_o hans-town_n or_o any_o other_o part_n according_a as_o the_o most_o of_o those_o circumstance_n shall_v any_o where_o concur_v to_o invite_v it_o and_o the_o like_a to_o such_o as_o appear_v to_o have_v former_o draw_v it_o into_o holland_n by_o so_o mighty_a a_o confluence_n of_o people_n and_o so_o general_a a_o vein_n of_o industry_n and_o parsimony_n among_o they_o and_o whoever_o pretend_v to_o equal_v their_o growth_n in_o trade_n and_o riches_n by_o other_o way_n than_o such_o as_o be_v already_o enumerate_v will_v prove_v i_o doubt_v either_o to_o deceive_v or_o to_o be_v deceive_v a_o three_o be_v that_o if_o that_o state_n be_v reduce_v to_o great_a extremity_n so_o as_o to_o become_v a_o province_n to_o some_o great_a power_n they_o will_v choose_v our_o subjection_n rather_o than_o any_o other_o or_o those_o at_o least_o that_o be_v the_o maritime_a and_o the_o rich_a of_o the_o province_n but_o it_o will_v be_v more_o reasonable_o conclude_v from_o all_o the_o former_a discourse_n that_o though_o they_o may_v be_v divide_v by_o absolute_a conquest_n they_o will_v never_o divide_v themselves_o by_o consent_n but_o all_o fall_n one_o way_n and_o by_o common_a agreement_n make_v the_o best_a term_n they_o can_v for_o their_o country_n as_o a_o province_n if_o not_o as_o a_o state_n and_o before_o they_o come_v to_o such_o a_o extremity_n they_o will_v first_o seek_v to_o be_v admit_v as_o a_o belgick-circle_n in_o the_o empire_n which_o they_o be_v of_o old_a and_o thereby_o receive_v the_o protection_n of_o that_o mighty_a body_n which_o as_o far_o as_o great_a and_o small_a thing_n may_v be_v compare_v seem_v the_o like_a their_o own_o state_n in_o its_o main_a constitution_n but_o especial_o in_o the_o freedom_n or_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o imperial_a city_n and_o this_o i_o have_v often_o hear_v their_o minister_n speak_v of_o as_o their_o last_o refuge_n in_o case_n of_o be_v threaten_v by_o too_o strong_a and_o fatal_a a_o conjuncture_n and_o if_o this_o shall_v happen_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o province_n will_v rather_o be_v preserve_v or_o increase_v than_o any_o way_n break_v or_o destroy_v by_o such_o a_o alteration_n of_o their_o state_n because_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o country_n will_v continue_v what_o they_o be_v and_o the_o security_n will_v be_v great_a than_o now_o it_o be_v the_o last_o i_o will_v mention_v be_v of_o another_o vein_n that_o if_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n be_v make_v sovereign_a of_o their_o country_n though_o by_o foreign_a arm_n he_o will_v be_v a_o great_a prince_n because_o this_o now_o appear_v to_o be_v so_o great_a a_o state_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a those_o province_n will_v soon_o become_v a_o very_a mean_a country_n for_o such_o a_o power_n must_v be_v maintain_v by_o force_n as_o it_o will_v be_v acquire_v and_o as_o indeed_o all_o absolute_a dominion_n must_v be_v in_o those_o province_n this_o will_v raise_v general_a discontent_n and_o those_o perpetual_a sedition_n among_o the_o town_n which_o will_v change_v the_o order_n of_o the_o country_n endanger_v the_o property_n of_o private_a man_n and_o shake_v the_o credit_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o government_n whenever_o this_o shall_v happen_v the_o people_n will_v scatter_v industry_n will_v faint_v bank_n will_v dissolve_v and_o trade_n will_v decay_v to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o probable_o in_o course_n of_o time_n their_o very_a digue_n will_v be_v no_o long_o maintain_v by_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o weak_a people_n against_o so_o furious_a a_o invader_n but_o the_o sea_n will_v break_v in_o upon_o their_o land_n and_o leave_v their_o chief_a city_n to_o be_v fisher-town_n as_o they_o be_v of_o old_a without_o any_o such_o great_a revolution_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o trade_n have_v for_o some_o year_n ago_o past_o its_o meridian_n and_o begin_v sensible_o to_o decay_v among_o they_o whereof_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v several_a cause_n as_o first_o the_o general_a application_n that_o so_o many_o other_o nation_n have_v make_v to_o it_o within_o these_o two_o or_o three_o and_o twenty_o year_n for_o since_o the_o peace_n of_o munster_n which_o restore_v the_o quiet_a of_o christendom_n in_o 1648_o not_o only_o sueden_fw-mi and_o denmark_n but_o france_n and_o england_n have_v more_o particular_o than_o ever_o before_o busy_v the_o thought_n and_o counsel_n of_o their_o several_a government_n as_o well_o as_o the_o humour_n of_o their_o people_n about_o the_o matter_n of_o trade_n nor_o have_v this_o happen_v without_o good_a degree_n of_o success_n though_o kingdom_n of_o such_o extent_n that_o have_v other_o and_o noble_a foundation_n of_o greatness_n can_v raise_v trade_n to_o such_o a_o pitch_n as_o this_o little_a state_n which_o have_v no_o other_o to_o build_v upon_o no_o more_o than_o a_o man_n who_o have_v a_o fair_a and_o plentiful_a estate_n can_v fall_v to_o labour_n and_o industry_n like_o one_o that_o have_v nothing_o else_o to_o trust_v to_o for_o the_o support_n of_o his_o life_n but_o however_o all_o these_o nation_n have_v come_v of_o late_a to_o share_v large_o with_o they_o and_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v grow_v too_o many_o trader_n for_o trade_n in_o the_o world_n so_o as_o they_o can_v hardly_o live_v one_o by_o another_o as_o in_o a_o great_a populous_a village_n the_o first_o grocer_n or_o mercer_n that_o set_v up_o among_o they_o grow_v present_o rich_a have_v all_o the_o custom_n till_o another_o encourage_v by_o his_o success_n come_v to_o set_v up_o by_o he_o and_o share_v in_o his_o gain_n at_o length_n so_o many_o fall_n to_o the_o trade_n that_o nothing_o be_v get_v by_o it_o and_o some_o must_v give_v over_o or_o all_o must_v break_v not_o many_o age_n past_a venice_n and_o florence_n possess_v all_o the_o trade_n of_o europe_n the_o last_o by_o their_o manufacture_n but_o the_o first_o by_o their_o ship_n and_o the_o whole_a trade_n of_o persia_n and_o the_o indies_n who_o commodity_n be_v bring_v those_o by_o land_n and_o these_o by_o the_o arabian-sea_n to_o egypt_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v fetch_v by_o the_o