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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
city_n	great_a	king_n	people_n	9,166	5	4.4099	3	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A57342	The Rise & fall of the late eminent and powerful favorite of Spain, the Count Olivares ; the unparallel'd imposture of Michael de Molina, executed at Madrid in the year 1641 ; the right and title of the present Kind of Portugall Don John the fourth, with the most memorable passages of his reign unto the year 1644 translated out of the Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese by Edw. Chamberlayne ...	Chamberlayne, Edward, 1616-1703.	1653 (1653)	Wing R1533; ESTC R24148	60,098	190

their Clergy impoverished their Nobility destined for the slaughter their Countrey ruinated and all their Privileges engraven upon a Marble pillar exposed to the publick view violated and infringed c. It was proposed at the same privat meeting to change it into a Common-wealth But the Archbishop of Lisbon with powerful reasons made abortive that designe and set their thoughts upon endevouring to win the Duke of Braganza to accept of the Crown the Dukes name was John son to Theodosius son to Katherine who was daughter to Edward son to Emanuel King of Portugall so it was agreed that one Don Gaston Cotigno should make this Overture to the Duke who went immediatly to his Highness at His Country house and there told him of the generall discontent of the people of the generall consent of the Nobility and Clergy to receive Him as their King and that the present conjuncture of affairs seemed to invite Him to embrace without delay so profitable and necessary a design for that now the House of Austria was at a low ebb distracted with Wars on every side all the Forces of Spain employed against Catalonia that they could not want assistance from France and others that were jealous of the greatness of that House that now was the time for him to recover that Right which hath been so long detained from his Ancestors that Fortune seldome offers a man a Kingdom that this opportunity being let slip in vain might He hereafter hope for the like or for succor from the Portugals when Hee shall be clapt in prison at Madrid that if He would not take it upon Him the whole Kingdome was resolved to change it into a Republick and then He should not only be equalized with the rest of low Condition but hated by all and looked upon as one who refused to bee an instrument of His Countries Liberty and so should bee the most unappy man amongst them After a long silence the Duke told him He thanked him and the whole Nobility for their affections toward Him but that this was a business of such weight that it required a more mature deliberation That he knew well that this was an Affair of that kinde that knew no medium betwixt the Crown and the Halter The next night communicating the whole business to his Wife who is sister to the Duke of Medina Sidonia a Woman of a Manly courage fit for such a bold Enterprise and wavering with Himself whether Hee had better consent to the Nobility or fly to Madrid his Wife thus briefly spake to him My Friend if thou goest to Madrid thou runnest the hazard of losing thy Head if thou acceptest the Crown thou runnest the same hazard If then thou must perish better dye nobly at home then basely abroad At which words the Duke was so animated that he came forth of his Closet and bad one of his Confidents goe and acquaint the Nobility that he was resolved to undertake the same Enterprise and run the same hazard with them all whereupon immediatly for this business could not suffer delay the Nobility about Midday dispersed themselves into severall places of the City as they had agreed some amongst the guard of Swisses some towards the lodging of the Infanta some to the Castle others to the Spanish Fleet in the Haven others to the Spanish Corps de Gard before the Kings Palace and others to the Lodgings of Vazconzellos And at the hour appointed a Pistoll being shot off near the Palace the next fell upon the Swisse guard and others hearing the noise of them fell on in their appointed stations made themselves Masters of all in a moment without killing but one Swisse who made resistance besides Vasconzellos who was killed in his chamber and thrown down out of his window to be a publick spectacle to the people Others presenting themselves before the Vice-Queen she told them That if this insurrection had no other aim but to revenge themselves upon Vasconzellos she assured them upon returning to their obedience to gain a generall pardon from the King But she was answered That as for their most unjust grievances they had now received satisfaction upon Vansconzellos and had no other King but Don John the fourth Hereupon the cry went all over Lisbon God save King John and from one of the clock till three all shops were shut but then all were again set open with so great joy and content of the Citizens that all rancor and malice set a-part the most inveterate enemies embraced one another with tears of joy The Infanta for more security they removed away from the Palace to the House where anciently the Infanta's of Portugal were wont to dwell leaving her some Souldiers to guard her The Archbishop of Lisbon went in solemne procession through the Citie and to encourage the people and fix them the better in their resolutions in chusing a new King made use of one of the nails wherewith Christ was nail'd to the Crosse which he carried in his hand thereby authorizing this insurrection with an act of Religion to intimate to the people that all was ordained by the speciall providence of heaven and that in defending the cause of Braganza they should defend the cause of God To corroborate which conceit they made use of certain old Prophesies and new Prodigies that in the person of this Duke was verified a certain apparition of Christ to King Alfonso just as he was ready to give battell to the five Kings of the Moores by which he was promised not onely victory but that he and his generations should reign to the sixteenth Generation at which his Race should be thought extinct but should flourish again when it should be least of all thought upon They made their observations also upon the day being the first of December on which day the Citie was recovered out of the hands of the Moors and seized upon by Philip the second so that it was a day fatall to Lisbon Amongst other prodigies that were given out to keep the common people the better in their loyalty to their new King one was that the next day in the chamber where Vasconzollos was killed there were found so great a number of Bats that none could enter into the room Also that the plot should be kept secret so long time for it was plotted some weeks before it was executed was reckond as a great wonder that among so many persons of different degrees kindred age rich and poor the design should be kept undiscovered Another as great a wonder was that Lisbon a Citie so wonderfully populous and the whole Kingdome should with one universall acclamation accept of the Duke not one person gain-saying That all the Forts and Castles garrison'd by Spaniards should be delivered up without resistance and that all the Spaniards also should be sent away and the quiet of the Kingdome setled without the effusion of more bloud then of two or three persons The Marquess de la Puebla kinsman to

de Olivarez Duke of Saint Lucar that the best way to continue that Nation in subjection and peace was to abolish all their priviledges which were but so many encouragements to oppose the Kings designes in pursuance whereof the Dutchess of Mantua was made Governor of Portugal although she was neither Daughter Sister Aunt or Neece to the King the great Offices were bestowed upon Castilians Italians and other Forreigners pensions out of the Bishopricks and other Ecclesiastical promotions were also given to strangers the governments of Castles and Towns were put into the hands of Castilians new Impositions were laid upon the people the Revenues of the kingdome were imployed for the use of the Court at Madrid c. And that this design of Olivarez might be no way hindred the Nobility and ablest men of the Kingdome were drawn forth some to Court some to employments in Warre and some to prisons where they were destined to slaughter as appeared by a Letter written from Madrid to Vasconzellos his Agent at Lisbon where he saith por los cuernos de los Fidalgos que ya stan aqui bien puede V. M. rezar un pater noster por sus almas mus por aquellos que no han querido venir me recomendo As for those rascally Gentlemen of Portugal which are here already you may bid God have mercy on their souls but commend me to those that would not come But this hard dealing with the Nobility already called forth of forth of the kingdome and the calling for more gave the first occasion to some of the Noblemen to assemble together where they resolve Not only to stay at home but to have a King at home whereupon the Duke of Braganza Grandchild of the fore-mentioned Katherine by the name of Don John the Fourth now raigning was advanced to the Crown as is at large related in the life of Olivarez and therefore needs not here to be repeated Only hereunto shall be annexed the most memorable passages that have happened since hee came to the Crown The Kingdome of Portugall having been possessed by three Kings of Spaine successively from the yeare 1580. untill the year 1640. not full sixty years according to the prophecy of St Bernard for before Philip the second was received and sworn their King it was April 1581. whereas the present king of Portugall Don John the fourth was proclaimed on the first of December 1640. being then at Villaviciosa his Country-house upon the fifth of the same Month without any pomp or guard he entred into Lisbon yet with so great security as if he had been guarded with a most invincible Army whereupon he said That to be King and Soveraign of the Portugall Nation there was no neeed off any other Guard or Armes then the hearts of the people So soon as it was known in Lisbon that the King was arrived the concourse of People was so great before the Palace and the joy so extreme that for a time they seemed to be transported out of themselves some leaping others dancing some kissing the Kings hand others throwing themselves down at his Foot all shouting and crying Viva viva el Rey Dom Joam el quarto nosso Senhor God save the king D. John the fourth our Soveraigne Lord. That Evening all the Cannons were discharged and so many Fireworks and Lights that the Night was turned into Day whereat a Spanish Gentleman said Es possible que se quita un Reyno a el Rey D Felipe con solas Luminarias y vivas sin mas exercito in poder Gran senal y efeto sin duda del brazo de Dios todo poderoso Is it possible that king Philip should be deprived of a whole kingdome with only Lights and Fire-works without a powerfull Army Certainly this is an evident token of the Almighties power Upon the fifteenth following was the King solemnly crowned in the great place before his Palace upon a Theater wheron was raised a great Scaffold and upon that a lesser whereon was placed three steps higher a Chaire of State under a Canopy all covered over with cloth of Gold about Midday came forth his Majesty in a Suit of Chesnut-coloured Velvet embroidered with Gold and Buttons of Diamonds about his Neck a Collar of great value whereunto hung the habit of the chief order of Knighthood called El Orden de Christo He was girded with a gilt Sword his Robe was cloth of Gold lined with White wrought with Gold flowers his Train was born up by the Lord Chamberlain D. John Roderiguez before his Majesty was the Sword borne by D. Francis de Mello Marquis of Ferreira high Constable of the kingdome and before him the kings Banner displayed by Fernando Telles de Meneses as knight Marshall and before him the Marquis of Govea D. Manrique de Sylva Steward of the kings House with all the Grandees Nobility and Gentry before all went Portugall king at Arms with the Heralds Pursevants c. His Majesty being sate in his Chaire with a Crystall Scepter in his right Hand whereon stood the high Constable and behind the Chair the Lord Chamberlain There was placed before him a Table covered with cloth of Gold with a Cushion thereon and upon the cushion a Cross of Gold with a Missall then the Archbishops of Lisbon and Braga with the Inquisitor-Generall kneeling down upon a Cushion made his Oath to the kingdome as followeth WE swear and promise by the grace of God to Rule and Govern you well and justly and to administer unto you Justice as far as Humane frailty will permit to maintain unto you your Customes Priviledges and Liberties granted unto you by the Kings our Predecessors So God help Us and this his holy Gospel After this taken by the King the three Estates Clergy Nobility and Commons swore Allegiance to his Majesty in these words One for every Estate said I Swear by this holy Gospell of God toucht corporally with my Hand that I receive for our King and lawfull Soveraign the High and Mighty King Don John the Fourth our Soveraigne and doe Homage unto him according to the use and custome of his Kingdome This Ceremony being past Francis de Lucena Secretary of State standing in the middle of the Scaffold with a lowd voyce declared That his Majesty accepted the Oath and Homage which they had made Then the King at Arms having cried O yez thrice Ferdinando Telles de Meneses knight Marshal with a lowd voyce said Royal Royal Royal for the high and mighty Lord King John the fourth our Soveraigne and the Heralds with all the people ecchoed Royal Royal Royal Then all the Drummes Trumpets and Fifes sounding his Majesty came off the Theater and mounting on Horseback rode under a most rich Cloth of State towards the great Church with all his Grandees and Nobles before him bare headed on foot By the way in a great open place were presented unto the King together with an eloquent Harangue the keyes of the Citie which being

Orders of Knighthood which were worth to him 40000 Crowns per an' made himself great Master of the Kings Wardrobe Master of the Horse Great Chancellor of the Indies which three Offices were worth him 200000 Crownes per annum but much more considerable were the vast sums received from the Indies for when the Fleet set sail from Sevill and Lisbon he caused to be shipt abundance of Corn Wine and Oyle Custome-free which he sent from his County of Olivarez and selling the same in the Indies at four times their worth in Spain caused the Moneys to be employed in Spices Jewels Indigoes c. which are there at a low price bur of great value in Europe so that without cousening the King hee hath this way gained many Millions which Wise men perswade themselves were never spent in the Kings service As for his zeal to augment his Masters greatness some are of opinion That the excess of so eminent a Vertue was in him a Vice which produced great Mischiefs for he was so passionate in the pursuance of that designe that he feared not to discontent the People the Nobility the Princes the Queen her self so hee might content the King and carry on his design First for the People whose Love is the main foundation and strongest prop of Monarchies This blind passion carryed him away so far as to endevor to abolish in Spain divers priviledges and Liberties to the end hee might render the King more absolute over his Subjects Hee extorted from the Laity and Clergy by the Mediannates an invention of his own which was the Payment of half an years Revenues of all Offices and Benefices that were bestowed also by abasing and raising the value of Coyne an intollerable grievance to the Subject and by many other Impositions raised above Two hundred and sixteen Millions of Gold Such like endeavours were the first ground of the totall revolt of the Catalonians who together with the people of Aragon had so great Priviledges and Liberties that they passed rather for a people recommended then subject to the Kings of Spain whence it hath ever been Arcanum Imperii amongst the Kings of Spain to endeavor to infringe those Priviledges that rendred suspitious the Loyalty of those people Insomuch that in all the Wars with France the Kings of Spain durst not suffer their Armies to march that way Those of Aragon in that notable business of Don Antonio Perez were by Philip the second not without much craft and force brought into absolute subjection but the Catalonians continued stedfast in the maintenance of their Priviledges and very difficult to be reduced to such subjection because being borderers upon France by sea and land they could commodiously receive thence assistance or succour Nevertheless the said zeal of the Conde Duke put him upon that attempt so that at a Parliament holden at Barcellona the chief Citie of Catalonia the jealous Catalonians took no small distaste that the Duke endeavoured to invade their Privileges by not suffering their Commissioners to be covered in his presence which had used to be covered in the Kings presence After this the Duke proceeding in the like attempts to diminish their Priviledges yet to keep them in obedience quartered Souldiers upon them after the fashion of Lombardy but the Catalonians not being able to endure the insolence of the soldiers took Arms killed drave away their soldiers killed also their Vice-Roy the Conde di Coloma put themselves under the protection of the French Thus was lost the most populous part of all Spain a Countrey above 800 miles in compass and the onely Countrey of all Spain wherein is to be found all materials necessary for making and rigging ships The Castles Manors Villages great Towns and Cities stand so thick that they seem rather one continued Citie then a Province To this may be added the inexpressible losse of the Kingdome of Portugall with all the dependencies upon that Crown in the East and West Indies Africa and Tercera Islands by the miscarriage of the Conde Duke in discontenting that Nation which shall be related at large as a most remarkable History There have ever been a certain Antipathy enmity betwixt the Spaniards and Portugals as great as between the Spaniard and French But since they have been subject to the Kings of Spain have been so averse from the Government that the Parish Priests and Preachers at the end of their Mass and Sermons were wont to exhort the people publickly to say two Ave Maries to the end that it would please our Saviour and the blessed Virgin to deliver them from the Tyranny as they termed it of the Castillians expecting always some favourable occasion to make an universall Revolt Notwithstanding in the year 1636. the new Tax called the Fifth part was generally imposed that is Five per Cent. upon all Estates and Merchandise which being judged not only very grievous but also most unjust gave occasion to all the Southern part of Portugall to rise in arms and had no question set the whole Kingdom on fire had it not been quencht by the great care of the Infanta Margarita of Savoy the Kings Aunt then Governess The Court of Spain observing hereupon the inclinations of that people to an universall revolt resolved to use the best means to secure it In the first place to allure forth the great Duke of Briganza who for Riches power number of Tenants affection of the people and kindred was the chief Nobleman not onely of Portugall but of all Spain and which was more then all had an undoubted right to the Crown of Portugall and therefore certainly it was a cruell pity in Philip the second to seiz upon this Kingdom and yet to leave the pretender to the Crown not onely alive but greater and higher then ever he was It being an infallible Maxime That nothing can bee sufficient to secure his Loyalty who hath power enough to justifie disloyalty To make sure of the Duke they first offred him the Government of Milan which he modestly refused resolving not to stirre forth of Portugall Hereupon the Conde Duke was resolved to try all ways imaginable to which the Rebellion of Catalonia seemed to offer a fit opportunity for this design for the Conde Duke politickly gave out that the King was to goe in person against the Catalonians and therefore that all the Nobility in the Kings dominions were to appear within 4 Months at Madrid to wait upon the King in this Expedition But the Duke of Braganza wel knowing the affection of the Portugals and suspition of the Castillians to the end that hee might take off the one and assure the other retires himself to his Countrey house there to follow his hunting excusing himself to the Conde Duke that his affairs at present were in so bad a condition that hee could not appeare abroad with that splendor and dignity that became a person of his Quality and that he was confident he could doe his