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conclusion_n of_o this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v only_o further_o add_v that_o there_o be_v burial_n common_o three_o sort_n of_o bury_n in_o use_n among_o they_o which_o be_v distinguish_v into_o sumptuous_a indifferent_a and_o mean_v or_o poor_a the_o charge_n of_o the_o first_o be_v a_o talon_n of_o silver_n and_o of_o the_o second_o twenty_o mine_n the_o expense_n of_o the_o last_o be_v very_o inconsiderable_a chap._n ii_o funeral_n of_o the_o grecian_n the_o grecian_n have_v not_o always_o dispose_v of_o their_o dead_a the_o same_o way_n grecian_n for_o at_o the_o first_o they_o use_v burial_n and_o after_o that_o the_o custom_n of_o burn_v prevail_v among_o they_o of_o both_o which_o way_n we_o have_v several_a instance_n from_o very_o credible_a author_n thucydides_n tell_v we_o that_o burial_n themistocles_n be_v dead_a at_o magnesia_n where_o he_o be_v governor_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o great_a palace_n of_o that_o city_n and_o that_o some_o time_n afterward_o they_o take_v his_o 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they_o who_o bone_n they_o can_v not_o find_v burial_n nevertheless_o they_o most_o common_o eubulid_n bury_v the_o soldier_n in_o the_o very_a same_o place_n where_o they_o have_v fight_v and_o be_v slay_v render_v they_o their_o last_o honour_n where_o they_o have_v purchase_v their_o great_a glory_n and_o employ_v one_o of_o the_o most_o honourable_a and_o eloquent_a of_o their_o magistrate_n to_o make_v a_o funeral_n oration_n in_o commendation_n of_o they_o as_o for_o bed_n those_o that_o die_v on_o their_o bed_n they_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o suburb_n it_o be_v their_o custom_n never_o to_o inter_v the_o dead_a within_o their_o city_n because_o they_o consider_v they_o as_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o society_n of_o other_o man_n hero_n their_o hero_n only_o enjoy_v that_o privilege_n who_o body_n they_o keep_v in_o public_a place_n as_o so_o many_o tutelar_a god_n and_o defender_n of_o their_o country_n father_n every_o family_n have_v their_o own_o tomb_n and_o he_o only_o be_v deprive_v of_o this_o right_n who_o have_v spend_v his_o patrimony_n the_o law_n appoint_v he_o to_o be_v bury_v elsewhere_o the_o same_o corpse_n law_n order_v and_o restrain_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o burial_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v too_o sumptuous_a and_o prodigal_a demetrius_n phalereus_n establish_v a_o magistrate_n to_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o the_o regulate_v of_o they_o and_o put_v a_o fine_a upon_o those_o that_o exceed_v such_o a_o sum_n the_o same_o lawgiver_n order_v that_o no_o other_o monument_n shall_v be_v erect_v over_o the_o place_n where_o the_o corpse_n be_v inter_v than_o a_o pillar_n of_o three_o cubit_n height_n or_o a_o urn_n of_o the_o same_o dimension_n and_o that_o the_o face_n of_o the_o dead_a shall_v be_v turn_v towards_o the_o east_n nevertheless_o this_o custom_n be_v not_o alike_o observe_v throughout_o greece_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o phoenicia_n lay_v the_o dead_a with_o their_o face_n westward_o and_o those_o of_o megara_n bury_v they_o with_o their_o face_n downward_o and_o in_o this_o manner_n it_o be_v that_o diogenes_n will_v be_v bury_v he_o give_v this_o reason_n for_o it_o that_o see_v all_o thing_n be_v according_a to_o his_o opinion_n to_o be_v turn_v upside_o down_o in_o succeed_a age_n he_o by_o this_o mean_n shall_v at_o last_o be_v find_v with_o his_o face_n upward_o and_o look_v towards_o heaven_n greece_n they_o likewise_o differ_v very_o much_o among_o themselves_o in_o the_o honour_n they_o confer_v on_o the_o dead_a before_o they_o carry_v they_o to_o their_o grave_n as_o also_o in_o the_o way_n and_o manner_n of_o their_o mourn_a some_o wash_v they_o with_o clean_a water_n and_o other_o with_o wine_n some_o pour_v upon_o they_o a_o thousand_o sweet_a perfume_n and_o other_o do_v only_a cover_v they_o with_o olive-leaves_a some_o clothe_v they_o in_o crimson_a other_o in_o white_a with_o abundance_n of_o garland_n and_o other_o as_o the_o galatian_n put_v a_o letter_n very_o well_o seal_v into_o their_o hand_n that_o they_o may_v make_v know_v their_o intention_n to_o they_o in_o the_o other_o world_n and_o that_o they_o have_v well_o acquit_v themselves_o in_o perform_v their_o last_o duty_n to_o they_o their_o mourn_v last_v seventeen_o day_n and_o therefore_o they_o common_o cut_v off_o a_o finger_n from_o the_o dead_a body_n and_o on_o the_o same_o confer_v all_o the_o funeral_n honour_v they_o think_v due_a to_o the_o party_n decease_a in_o lycia_n man_n during_o all_o that_o time_n wear_v woman_n clothes_n at_o argos_n they_o dress_v themselves_o in_o white_a and_o make_v great_a banquet_n and_o offer_v many_o sacrifice_n in_o honour_n of_o apollo_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o these_o ceremony_n they_o put_v out_o their_o fire_n and_o afterward_o kindle_v it_o again_o at_o delphos_n they_o sacrifice_v unto_o the_o dead_a themselves_o at_o delos_n they_o cut_v off_o their_o own_o hair_n and_o lay_v it_o on_o the_o grave_a the_o platean_n do_v after_o many_o joyful_a meeting_n which_o last_v all_o the_o time_n of_o mourn_v at_o last_o make_v a_o kind_n of_o funeral_n pomp_n in_o which_o a_o trumpeter_n march_v first_o who_o be_v follow_v by_o some_o chariot_n load_v with_o bay_n and_o myrtle-leaves_a and_o after_o these_o chariot_n come_v several_a person_n carry_v bowl_n full_a of_o milk_n and_o wine_n which_o they_o pour_v out_o upon_o the_o sepulchre_n the_o lacedaemonian_n crown_v themselves_o with_o smallage_n and_o sing_v hymn_n in_o praise_n of_o the_o dead_a and_o the_o athenian_n make_v great_a and_o solemn_a lamentation_n over_o they_o from_o all_o which_o custom_n it_o plain_o appear_v that_o some_o rejoice_v and_o other_o mourn_v at_o the_o death_n of_o their_o relation_n and_o friend_n in_o this_o point_n only_o they_o all_o agree_v viz._n in_o bury_v they_o their_o dead_a which_o duty_n
be_v account_v so_o sacred_a among_o they_o that_o the_o athenian_n condemn_v several_a great_a captain_n to_o death_n because_o they_o have_v cast_v the_o body_n of_o some_o that_o be_v kill_v in_o a_o sea-fight_n into_o the_o sea_n upon_o this_o score_n it_o be_v that_o their_o general_n nicias_n cause_v his_o whole_a army_n to_o make_v a_o halt_n till_o they_o have_v inter_v two_o private_a soldier_n who_o die_v in_o the_o march_n and_o the_o illustrious_a cimon_n son_n of_o miltiades_n make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o give_v himself_o up_o a_o prisoner_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o father_n creditor_n who_o have_v after_o his_o death_n seize_v his_o corpse_n to_o deprive_v it_o of_o the_o honour_n of_o burial_n dead_a it_o be_v matter_n of_o wonder_n that_o bury_v the_o dead_a have_v be_v for_o some_o time_n in_o so_o great_a veneration_n among_o they_o they_o shall_v all_o on_o a_o sudden_a abolish_v that_o custom_n and_o instead_o thereof_o commit_v their_o corpse_n to_o the_o devour_a flame_n for_o it_o be_v they_o who_o invent_v that_o hideous_a ceremony_n of_o iliad_n wood-pile_n and_o be_v the_o first_o that_o turn_v those_o into_o ash_n after_o their_o death_n who_o they_o have_v during_o their_o life_n most_o dear_o belove_v this_o we_o learn_v from_o lucian_n who_o laugh_v at_o that_o custom_n and_o homer_n in_o many_o place_n of_o his_o iliad_n abundant_o confirm_v it_o who_o to_o give_v we_o a_o perfect_a idea_n of_o those_o ceremony_n set_v down_o very_o particular_o the_o honour_n that_o be_v do_v to_o the_o body_n of_o patroclus_n tell_v we_o that_o achilles_n have_v order_v the_o whole_a army_n to_o be_v range_v in_o battle-array_n round_o about_o the_o wood-pile_n cause_v twelve_o young_a gentleman_n trojans_z to_o have_v their_o head_n cut_v off_o beside_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o ox_n horse_n sheep_n dog_n and_o other_o beast_n which_o be_v butcher_v and_o their_o body_n confuse_o lay_v about_o the_o corpse_n of_o his_o friend_n and_o last_o of_o all_o he_o himself_o have_v cast_v his_o hair_n which_o he_o have_v cut_v off_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n into_o the_o flame_n all_o be_v consume_v amid_o the_o lamentable_a cry_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n chap._n iii_o funeral_n of_o the_o roman_n roman_n the_o roman_n have_v succeed_v to_o the_o grecian_n in_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o world_n as_o they_o receive_v from_o they_o many_o of_o their_o law_n and_o manner_n so_o most_o of_o their_o ceremony_n but_o to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v not_o swerve_v from_o our_o subject_n we_o shall_v only_o observe_v how_o they_o be_v imitator_n of_o the_o grecian_n in_o the_o dispose_n of_o their_o dead_a for_o both_o of_o they_o at_o the_o first_o bury_v afterward_o burn_v they_o and_o at_o last_o abhor_v those_o horrid_a solemnity_n they_o introduce_v again_o the_o custom_n of_o inter_v they_o herod_n their_o history_n acquaint_v we_o that_o the_o former_a burial_n last_v from_o romulus_n who_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o their_o city_n to_o the_o tyrannous_a dictatorship_n of_o sylla_n 12._o who_o have_v cause_v the_o bone_n of_o his_o enemy_n marius_n to_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o his_o grave_n and_o fear_v that_o the_o like_a affront_n may_v be_v do_v to_o he_o after_o his_o death_n he_o by_o a_o express_a law_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o many_o pompous_a ceremony_n engage_v the_o people_n to_o burn_v their_o dead_a to_o ash_n which_o be_v afterward_o gather_v and_o shut_v up_o in_o urn_n this_o law_n be_v observe_v until_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o antonin_n who_o be_v philosopher_n and_o virtuous_a prince_n can_v not_o endure_v that_o this_o kind_n of_o cruelty_n shall_v be_v any_o long_o exercise_v upon_o humane_a body_n and_o therefore_o do_v abolish_v the_o use_n of_o wood-pile_n and_o restore_v the_o former_a way_n of_o burying_n departure_n when_o the_o sick_a be_v at_o the_o point_n of_o death_n his_o near_a relation_n draw_v nigh_o unto_o he_o wait_v till_o he_o give_v the_o last_o gasp_n which_o he_o receive_v with_o his_o open_a mouth_n and_o then_o shut_v his_o eye_n provide_v he_o be_v not_o a_o son_n of_o the_o decease_a for_o the_o manian_n law_n forbid_v child_n to_o close_v their_o father_n eye_n and_o the_o same_o kinsman_n do_v open_v they_o again_o after_o that_o the_o funeral_n officer_n have_v do_v their_o duty_n that_o be_v to_o say_v after_o they_o have_v wash_v he_o well_o clothe_v he_o with_o his_o own_o clothes_n and_o lay_v he_o in_o the_o tomb_n or_o on_o the_o wood-pile_n some_o say_v that_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o close_v the_o eye_n of_o those_o who_o be_v a_o die_a be_v that_o they_o may_v not_o see_v the_o affliction_n which_o they_o cause_v to_o the_o stander-by_n and_o that_o they_o open_v they_o in_o the_o grave_a to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v behold_v the_o beauty_n of_o heaven_n which_o be_v the_o abode_n they_o wish_v they_o to_o all_o eternity_n grave_a the_o manner_n of_o accompany_v the_o corpse_n of_o one_o of_o the_o common_a people_n to_o the_o grave_a be_v very_o plain_a and_o simple_a but_o when_o the_o person_n be_v of_o great_a quality_n the_o pomp_n and_o state_n they_o use_v be_v very_o extraordinary_a the_o march_n usual_o begin_v with_o a_o long_a row_n of_o the_o statue_n of_o his_o ancestor_n dress_v in_o their_o apparel_n and_o robe_n of_o state_n viz._n in_o consular_a robe_n if_o they_o have_v be_v raise_v to_o that_o dignity_n in_o the_o pretexta_fw-la if_o they_o have_v command_v in_o the_o army_n in_o purple_a if_o they_o have_v be_v herod_n censor_n or_o in_o cloth_n of_o gold_n if_o they_o have_v ever_o enjoy_v the_o high_a honour_n of_o triumph_n after_o these_o statue_n of_o his_o ancestor_n follow_v his_o own_o with_o all_o the_o mark_n and_o signal_n of_o the_o employment_n he_o have_v discharge_v or_o honour_n he_o have_v obtain_v viz._n bundle_n of_o rod_n &_o axe_n garland_n of_o laurel_n or_o oak_n and_o those_o coronet_n which_o be_v call_v muralis_fw-la and_o civica_n the_o former_a of_o which_o be_v give_v as_o a_o mark_n of_o honour_n to_o those_o who_o have_v first_o scale_v a_o wall_n and_o enter_v the_o city_n the_o other_o to_o they_o who_o have_v preserve_v a_o city_n from_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n or_o save_v the_o life_n of_o any_o citizen_n and_o to_o all_o these_o they_o sometime_o add_v the_o representation_n of_o the_o city_n or_o province_n they_o have_v conquer_v next_o come_v all_o his_o domestic_n in_o mourning_n and_o be_v follow_v by_o musician_n who_o play_v to_o a_o sad_a and_o doleful_a tune_n the_o instrument_n be_v diverse_a according_a to_o the_o age_n of_o the_o person_n for_o they_o make_v use_v of_o pipe_n only_o for_o young_a people_n and_o of_o trumpet_n for_o the_o ancient_a grave_a these_o instrument_n go_v immediate_o before_o the_o corpse_n which_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o vespillo_n so_o call_v because_o they_o never_o bury_v the_o dead_a but_o in_o the_o dusk_n of_o the_o evening_n or_o at_o night_n and_o be_v follow_v by_o a_o throng_n of_o the_o relation_n and_o friend_n of_o the_o decease_a who_o have_v a_o company_n of_o young_a boy_n and_o little_a girl_n at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o the_o former_a of_o which_o have_v their_o head_n cover_v with_o a_o black_a veil_n and_o the_o latter_a go_v bareheaded_a with_o all_o their_o hair_n spread_v about_o their_o ear_n all_o these_o march_v in_o great_a order_n through_o the_o care_n which_o be_v take_v by_o the_o designator_n or_o master_n of_o ceremony_n forbid_v in_o the_o beginning_n of_o their_o state_n they_o be_v wont_a after_o they_o have_v attend_v the_o corpse_n abroad_o to_o bring_v they_o into_o their_o house_n and_o there_o inter_v they_o 4_o from_o whence_o arise_v that_o great_a veneration_n they_o have_v for_o their_o penates_n or_o household-god_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o ghost_n of_o those_o that_o belong_v to_o their_o family_n but_o this_o custom_n do_v not_o last_v very_o long_o not_o only_o because_o of_o the_o 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and_o a_o infallible_a presage_n of_o some_o great_a misfortune_n hang_v over_o their_o head_n for_o they_o persuade_v themselves_o that_o the_o soul_n which_o inhabit_v those_o body_n be_v drag_v into_o hell_n will_v not_o fail_v to_o come_v and_o trouble_v they_o and_o that_o be_v always_o accompany_v with_o the_o devil_n their_o tormentor_n they_o will_v certain_o give_v they_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o disturbance_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a when_o these_o corpse_n be_v present_o devour_v their_o joy_n be_v very_o great_a they_o enlarge_v themselves_o in_o praise_n of_o the_o decease_a every_o one_o esteem_v they_o undoubted_o happy_a and_o come_v to_o congratulate_v their_o relation_n on_o that_o account_n for_o as_o they_o believe_v assure_o that_o they_o be_v enter_v into_o the_o elysian_a field_n so_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o they_o will_v procure_v the_o same_o bliss_n to_o all_o those_o of_o their_o family_n they_o also_o take_v a_o great_a delight_n to_o see_v skeleton_n and_o bone_n scatter_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o field_n whereas_o we_o can_v scarce_o endure_v to_o see_v those_o of_o horse_n and_o dog_n use_v so_o and_o these_o remain_v of_o humane_a body_n the_o sight_n whereof_o give_v we_o so_o much_o horror_n that_o we_o present_o bury_v they_o out_o of_o our_o sight_n whenever_o we_o find_v they_o elsewhere_o than_o in_o charnel-house_n or_o churchyard_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o their_o great_a joy_n because_o they_o conclude_v from_o thence_o the_o happiness_n of_o those_o that_o have_v be_v devour_v wish_v after_o their_o death_n to_o meet_v with_o the_o like_a good_a luck_n beast_n the_o same_o historian_n inform_v we_o that_o when_o any_o private_a soldier_n be_v sick_a in_o their_o army_n and_o in_o outward_a appearance_n past_o recovery_n they_o carry_v he_o to_o the_o next_o wood_n or_o forest_n leave_v with_o he_o only_o a_o piece_n of_o bread_n a_o little_a water_n and_o a_o stick_n that_o he_o may_v as_o long_o as_o he_o shall_v have_v any_o strength_n defend_v himself_o from_o the_o wild_a beast_n which_o most_o common_o devour_v 3._o these_o poor_a wretch_n and_o if_o it_o chance_v that_o any_o one_o of_o they_o escape_v and_o come_v back_o to_o his_o own_o house_n all_o the_o people_n run_v away_o from_o he_o as_o if_o they_o have_v see_v some_o ghost_n or_o devil_n and_o do_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o converse_v with_o any_o body_n till_o after_o he_o have_v be_v purify_v and_o expiate_v by_o the_o priest_n as_o if_o have_v be_v so_o near_o death_n he_o be_v thereby_o according_a to_o their_o opinion_n become_v unfit_a to_o live_v any_o long_o for_o they_o suppose_v that_o he_o must_v needs_o have_v have_v great_a converse_n with_o daemon_n since_o notwithstanding_o his_o extreme_a sickness_n he_o have_v be_v
in_o the_o other_o world_n and_o that_o at_o length_n they_o become_v so_o very_o young_a that_o their_o former_a old_a age_n be_v by_o they_o whole_o forget_v if_o any_o die_v of_o a_o sudden_a death_n they_o suppose_v he_o to_o go_v to_o a_o place_n where_o he_o be_v most_o delightful_o surprise_v and_o strike_v with_o a_o ravish_a admiration_n to_o see_v in_o that_o region_n every_o thing_n contrary_a to_o or_o at_o least_o very_a different_a from_o what_o he_o have_v see_v in_o this_o in_o the_o admire_a of_o which_o strange_a and_o agreeable_a metamorphosis_n he_o be_v employ_v to_o eternity_n and_o last_o if_o any_o be_v drown_v they_o fancy_v he_o to_o pass_v from_o the_o water_n into_o a_o dry_a place_n where_o he_o immediate_o void_v the_o water_n he_o have_v let_v down_o and_o where_o he_o be_v no_o more_o in_o danger_n of_o meeting_n with_o the_o same_o misfortune_n the_o god_n have_v take_v care_n to_o leave_v neither_o sea_n river_n brook_n nor_o any_o spring_n there_o lest_o the_o sight_n of_o water_n shall_v occasion_v any_o trouble_n to_o they_o who_o have_v miscarry_v thereby_o dead_a they_o have_v also_o several_a way_n of_o deck_v their_o dead_a which_o be_v general_o very_o rich_a and_o pompous_a and_o suitable_a to_o the_o place_n or_o office_n they_o have_v discharge_v or_o to_o that_o ibid._n which_o in_o their_o life-time_n they_o be_v most_o take_v with_o for_o example_n they_o put_v upon_o their_o priest_n the_o ornament_n of_o the_o idol_n they_o have_v minister_v unto_o courtier_n they_o array_v in_o such_o a_o garb_n as_o their_o prince_n most_o affect_v and_o apparel_v the_o common_a sort_n in_o such_o a_o habit_n as_o be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o condition_n trade_n or_o fancy_n of_o every_o one_o of_o they_o these_o be_v their_o ordinary_a way_n of_o dress_v the_o corpse_n but_o they_o have_v other_o which_o be_v extraordinary_a wherewith_o they_o set_v forth_o the_o body_n of_o debauch_a and_o wicked_a fellow_n for_o they_o clothe_v drunkard_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o ometotchtli_n the_o god_n of_o wine_n and_o adulterer_n in_o that_o of_o tlaxolteutl_n the_o god_n of_o lust_n they_o have_v also_o particular_a manner_n of_o apparel_v those_o that_o perish_v by_o shipwreck_n or_o in_o battle_n dress_v the_o former_a like_a to_o tlacot_n the_o god_n of_o water_n and_o the_o latter_a in_o the_o warlike_a ornament_n of_o vitzilopuchtli_n the_o god_n of_o war._n mourn_a nor_o be_v their_o mourn_a less_o different_a and_o various_a cosmog_n it_o be_v more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o age_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v for_o they_o be_v extreme_o sorrowful_a for_o the_o death_n of_o their_o child_n and_o almost_o not_o at_o all_o concern_v for_o the_o departure_n of_o age_a person_n insomuch_o that_o as_o they_o spare_v nothing_o to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o nourishment_n and_o education_n of_o the_o one_o so_o they_o do_v much_o neglect_n the_o other_o and_o what_o i_o find_v most_o remarkable_a 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for_o their_o loss_n do_v weep_v three_o time_n a_o day_n till_o the_o corpse_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o grave_a as_o concern_v their_o mourn_v for_o other_o it_o be_v regulate_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o year_n they_o have_v live_v last_v eleven_o month_n if_o the_o party_n have_v live_v but_o five_o year_n ten_o if_o he_o have_v live_v ten_o year_n nine_o if_o fifteen_o eight_o if_o he_o have_v attain_v to_o twenty_o year_n of_o age_n seven_o if_o twenty-five_o six_o if_o thirty_o five_o if_o thirtyfive_a four_o if_o forty_o three_o if_o he_o be_v above_o forty-five_o two_o if_o he_o pass_v fifty_o one_o only_a if_o he_o be_v sixty_o and_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o they_o scarce_o mourn_v at_o all_o for_o such_o as_o be_v very_o old_a and_o decrepit_a monument_n most_o common_o they_o bury_v the_o dead_a and_o 22._o some_o of_o they_o place_v they_o sit_v upright_a in_o their_o grave_n leave_v with_o they_o some_o water_n bread_n salt_n and_o fruit_n together_o 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ceremony_n which_o attend_v it_o they_o first_o begin_v these_o obsequy_n with_o song_n that_o contain_v a_o relation_n of_o the_o whole_a life_n of_o the_o dead_a which_o be_v oft_o interrupt_v with_o the_o doleful_a noise_n of_o wail_v and_o lamentation_n after_o which_o they_o sit_v down_o to_o eat_v the_o provision_n they_o have_v bring_v along_o with_o they_o and_o have_v thus_o feast_v themselves_o they_o rise_v and_o dance_v a_o kind_n of_o jig_n round_o the_o corpse_n which_o they_o conclude_v with_o huge_a cry_n roar_v out_o as_o loud_a as_o ever_o they_o can_v stamp_v their_o foot_n against_o the_o ground_n and_o lift_v their_o eye_n towards_o heaven_n at_o last_o they_o burn_v the_o bone_n of_o the_o decease_a and_o give_v his_o head_n to_o his_o widow_n or_o near_a relation_n that_o they_o may_v keep_v the_o same_o as_o a_o relic_n soul_n and_o for_o the_o soul_n they_o believe_v that_o they_o ibid._n retire_v themselves_o into_o a_o pleasant_a and_o plentiful_a region_n where_o they_o eat_v the_o best_a meat_n and_o drink_v the_o most_o delicious_a liquor_n they_o also_o fancy_v that_o these_o soul_n be_v the_o echo_n that_o answer_v people_n when_o they_o cry_v or_o speak_v aloud_o physician_n nor_o ought_v we_o here_o to_o omit_v some_o other_o ceremony_n of_o they_o which_o be_v no_o less_o curious_a and_o observable_a those_o among_o they_o that_o consider_v their_o physician_n as_o petty_a god_n because_o of_o their_o procure_n and_o preserve_v of_o health_n which_o of_o all_o temporal_a blessing_n be_v the_o great_a that_o they_o may_v show_v they_o a_o proportionable_a honour_n at_o their_o death_n do_v not_o bury_v they_o as_o other_o but_o burn_v they_o public_o with_o solemn_a rejoice_n man_n and_o woman_n confuse_o sing_v and_o dance_v together_o round_o about_o the_o fire_n and_o when_o the_o bone_n be_v burn_v to_o ash_n every_o one_o endeavour_v to_o get_v some_o part_n of_o they_o to_o carry_v to_o his_o own_o house_n which_o they_o afterward_o drink_v in_o wine_n as_o a_o antidote_n against_o all_o manner_n of_o disease_n now_o though_o these_o ash_n do_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n belong_v to_o the_o relict_n or_o other_o near_a relation_n of_o the_o decease_a to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v by_o drink_v the_o same_o preserve_v his_o skill_n and_o knowledge_n in_o their_o family_n yet_o they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n have_v much_o ado_n to_o save_v they_o from_o the_o rabble_n especial_o if_o the_o physician_n have_v be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a repute_n for_o cure_v of_o disease_n for_o as_o every_o one_o do_v natural_o love_v his_o health_n they_o believe_v that_o this_o be_v a_o infallible_a remedy_n to_o preserve_v it_o we_o need_v not_o admire_v that_o they_o use_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o procure_v some_o
of_o which_o impiety_n we_o abhor_v and_o can_v blame_v they_o sufficient_o who_o have_v act_v such_o thing_n which_o they_o can_v never_o have_v do_v and_o thus_o infamous_o dishonour_v their_o relation_n have_v they_o not_o shake_v hand_n with_o all_o humanity_n and_o moral_a respect_n chap._n fourteen_o terrestrial_a funeral_n it_o be_v a_o difficult_a matter_n to_o relate_v all_o the_o ridiculous_a way_n which_o several_a barbarous_a nation_n have_v to_o dispose_v of_o their_o dead_a and_o to_o pay_v their_o friend_n and_o relation_n their_o last_o duty_n and_o though_o we_o can_v see_v nothing_o in_o their_o funeral_n ceremony_n but_o what_o be_v either_o foolish_a impious_a or_o cruel_a yet_o be_v they_o by_o they_o look_v upon_o as_o solemn_a and_o necessary_a performance_n for_o can_v a_o body_n imagine_v any_o thing_n more_o brutal_a and_o extravagant_a troglodyte_n than_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o troglodyte_n a_o people_n of_o africa_n who_o strip_v the_o corpse_n stark_o naked_a bind_v up_o 2._o the_o foot_n to_o the_o head_n with_o a_o great_a rope_n and_o have_v thus_o make_v a_o kind_n of_o round_a ball_n of_o it_o they_o expose_v it_o upon_o some_o high_a place_n turn_v its_o backside_n to_o the_o spectator_n by_o which_o ridiculous_a posture_n the_o whole_a company_n be_v put_v into_o a_o fit_a of_o merriment_n and_o laughter_n instead_o of_o weep_v and_o mourn_v for_o he_o and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o merriment_n they_o begin_v to_o cast_v stone_n at_o he_o till_o at_o last_o they_o have_v cover_v he_o under_o the_o heap_n on_o the_o top_n whereof_o they_o plant_v a_o goat_n horn_n and_o then_o turn_v their_o back_n upon_o it_o without_o any_o the_o least_o sign_n or_o sense_n of_o grief_n or_o regret_n minorcae_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o island_n of_o majorca_n and_o minorca_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n have_v another_o custom_n yet_o more_o cruel_a and_o as_o extravagant_a as_o the_o former_a theat_v they_o take_v the_o dead_a body_n and_o chap_v it_o into_o a_o thousand_o small_a piece_n which_o they_o careful_o gather_v and_o put_v up_o in_o a_o earthen_a pot_n and_o afterward_o overwhelm_v and_o cover_v it_o with_o a_o great_a heap_n of_o stone_n people_n the_o three_o other_o way_n of_o burying_n i_o have_v yet_o to_o speak_v of_o be_v very_o pleasant_a the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o the_o phrygian_n who_o to_o give_v more_o honour_n to_o their_o priest_n than_o to_o lay-person_n be_v use_v in_o ancient_a time_n when_o any_o one_o of_o they_o be_v dead_a to_o set_v he_o upright_o upon_o a_o pillar_n of_o ten_o fathom_n high_a as_o if_o he_o be_v to_o continue_v from_o thence_o to_o instruct_v the_o people_n the_o second_o be_v of_o the_o nasamonian_o that_o inhabit_v some_o part_n of_o lybia_n who_o in_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o peril_n and_o pain_n their_o captain_n and_o soldier_n have_v undergo_v for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o country_n clothe_v they_o in_o white_a 4._o after_o their_o death_n and_o instead_o of_o bury_v their_o body_n expose_v they_o on_o rock_n and_o other_o solitary_a place_n and_o the_o three_o and_o last_o be_v that_o of_o the_o macrobian_o a_o people_n of_o ethiopia_n who_o cover_v their_o dead_a body_n all_o over_o with_o a_o fine_a shine_a plaster_n and_o enclose_v they_o in_o hollow_a glass-pillar_n keep_v they_o in_o the_o best_a part_n of_o their_o house_n offer_v the_o first-fruit_n of_o all_o thing_n to_o they_o and_o carry_v they_o at_o the_o end_n of_o every_o year_n in_o procession_n round_o about_o the_o city_n chap._n xv._n funeral_n of_o the_o ancient_a jew_n two_o several_a time_n be_v to_o be_v distinguish_v in_o relation_n to_o the_o ceremony_n of_o this_o people_n which_o render_v they_o very_o different_a one_o from_o another_o the_o first_o be_v from_o their_o patriarch_n or_o lawgiver_n moses_n to_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o saviour_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o other_o from_o that_o most_o bless_a birth_n down_o to_o this_o day_n for_o as_o those_o of_o former_a time_n be_v well_o constitute_v holy_a and_o reasonable_a as_o be_v inspire_v by_o god_n himself_o so_o these_o which_o they_o use_v of_o latter_a day_n be_v most_o ridiculous_a be_v ground_v mere_o upon_o the_o foolish_a dream_n and_o idle_a fancy_n of_o their_o rabbi_n or_o doctor_n therefore_o we_o shall_v treat_v of_o both_o by_o themselves_o not_o only_o to_o avoid_v confusion_n but_o to_o make_v we_o abhor_v the_o superstition_n of_o those_o miserable_a wretch_n who_o daily_o sink_v themselves_o deep_a into_o darkness_n and_o blindness_n dead_a in_o former_a time_n their_o dead_a be_v bury_v by_o person_n of_o the_o same_o sex_n man_n only_o be_v permit_v to_o meddle_v with_o the_o body_n of_o man_n and_o woman_n with_o female_a body_n which_o be_v very_o suitable_a and_o decent_a burial_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o one_o of_o they_o be_v dead_a those_o who_o be_v appoint_v to_o pay_v he_o the_o last_o duty_n do_v first_o shut_v his_o eye_n close_v his_o mouth_n with_o a_o fillet_n and_o cut_v off_o his_o hair_n next_o they_o wash_v his_o body_n very_o well_o and_o perfume_v it_o with_o several_a drug_n 1._o which_o be_v more_o or_o less_o costly_a according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o decease_a and_o then_o wrap_v it_o up_o in_o a_o winding-sheet_n they_o lay_v it_o in_o a_o coffin_n ibid._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n people_n from_o all_o part_n that_o be_v as_o well_o those_o of_o the_o same_o town_n or_o city_n as_o adjacent_a place_n come_v to_o condole_v with_o &_o comfort_v the_o relation_n of_o the_o depart_v and_o as_o the_o multitude_n be_v very_o great_a in_o the_o house_n of_o the_o decease_a where_o great_a lamentation_n be_v make_v as_o likewise_o in_o the_o street_n through_o which_o the_o corpse_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o grave_a and_o that_o in_o both_o place_n people_n be_v very_o splendid_o treat_v and_o feast_v so_o the_o expense_n thereof_o oft_o amount_v to_o such_o a_o excess_n that_o many_o of_o they_o be_v thereby_o impoverish_v insomuch_o that_o several_a not_o be_v able_a to_o undergo_v such_o vast_a charge_n absent_v themselves_o from_o the_o city_n under_o some_o specious_a pretence_n or_o other_o for_o fear_v of_o expose_v their_o credit_n mourning_n which_o lamentation_n together_o with_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n attend_v the_o corpse_n to_o the_o grave_a be_v esteem_v of_o so_o great_a moment_n among_o they_o that_o they_o account_v those_o accurse_a who_o be_v deprive_v of_o either_o of_o they_o 31._o this_o we_o learn_v not_o only_o from_o their_o tradition_n but_o from_o several_a text_n of_o the_o scripture_n for_o instance_n in_o the_o two_o and_o twenty_o chapter_n of_o jeremiah_n that_o prophet_n speak_v of_o that_o impious_a king_n jehojakim_n declare_v from_o the_o mouth_n of_o god_n that_o at_o his_o funeral_n there_o shall_v be_v hear_v no_o sad_a cry_n and_o lamentation_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o sister_n nor_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o people_n and_o likewise_o in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o the_o second_o book_n of_o the_o maccabee_n it_o be_v say_v 10._o that_o that_o ungodly_a jason_n be_v not_o mourn_v for_o or_o bewail_v at_o all_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o be_v esteem_v happy_a who_o have_v those_o last_o honour_n pay_v they_o as_o it_o be_v record_v in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o chronicle_n chap._n 25._o concern_v the_o death_n of_o the_o illustrious_a josiah_n when_o nothing_o but_o sad_a moan_n and_o lamentation_n be_v to_o be_v hear_v every_o where_o all_o the_o people_n bewail_v that_o good_a and_o holy_a prince_n and_o mix_v his_o name_n with_o their_o sigh_n and_o mournful_a out-cry_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o spare_v nothing_o to_o induce_v people_n to_o mourn_v with_o they_o for_o their_o dead_a and_o desire_v nothing_o more_o than_o to_o have_v a_o numerous_a assembly_n to_o attend_v they_o to_o their_o grave_n jew_n for_o the_o jew_n do_v never_o approve_v either_o of_o wood-pile_n or_o any_o other_o barbarous_a way_n use_v by_o some_o nation_n at_o the_o 3._o death_n of_o their_o friend_n but_o always_o commit_v their_o dead_a to_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o sacred_a a_o thing_n be_v burial_n among_o they_o that_o even_o stranger_n and_o execute_v person_n be_v not_o deprive_v of_o that_o privilege_n of_o both_o which_o we_o have_v so_o many_o instance_n that_o we_o can_v possible_o doubt_v of_o it_o for_o beside_o their_o common_a coemetery_n or_o burying-place_n by_o some_o call_v polyandria_n which_o be_v design_v for_o stranger_n and_o the_o poor_a both_o of_o city_n and_o country_n we_o read_v in_o the_o gospel_n that_o the_o thirty_o piece_n of_o silver_n that_o judas_n have_v receive_v for_o betray_v his_o master_n be_v lay_v out_o in_o buy_v of_o a_o certain_a field_n which_o from_o that_o time_n
find_v himself_o ready_a to_o miscarry_v in_o the_o river_n xanthus_n 4._o a_o like_a fear_n of_o scipio_n the_o great_a captain_n the_o roman_n ever_o have_v silius_n mention_n who_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o that_o have_v so_o many_o time_n without_o the_o least_o concern_v or_o motion_n see_v river_n of_o blood_n run_v down_o be_v most_o terrible_o affright_v at_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o river_n trebia_n where_o he_o see_v himself_o in_o danger_n of_o be_v drown_v 9_o the_o same_o account_n statius_n give_v we_o of_o hippomedon_n who_o as_o he_o say_v can_v without_o any_o trouble_n have_v present_v his_o body_n to_o the_o dint_n of_o a_o thousand_o sword_n and_o yet_o be_v not_o able_a to_o abide_v the_o thought_n of_o be_v cast_v away_o in_o the_o river_n theumesia_n 4._o in_o a_o word_n this_o be_v the_o death_n which_o ovid_n can_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n be_v reconcile_v with_o and_o that_o upon_o this_o only_a score_n that_o it_o deprive_v a_o man_n of_o burial_n therefore_o they_o who_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o miscarry_v at_o sea_n common_o tie_v a_o piece_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n about_o their_o neck_n that_o therewith_o if_o peradventure_o the_o wave_n shall_v drive_v their_o body_n to_o the_o shore_n they_o may_v pay_v for_o their_o funeral_n charge_n though_o they_o know_v that_o this_o caution_n and_o care_n be_v not_o necessary_a since_o by_o the_o law_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o shall_v be_v cast_v up_o be_v oblige_v to_o bury_v they_o which_o law_n we_o will_v now_o endeavour_v to_o describe_v and_o set_v down_o in_o some_o order_n to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v therefrom_o derive_v a_o great_a authority_n to_o this_o right_n of_o burial_n whereof_o we_o be_v treat_v duty_n all_o the_o world_n know_v in_o how_o great_a esteem_n the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n have_v ever_o be_v among_o the_o roman_n their_o equity_n be_v so_o universal_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o sole_a mention_n of_o they_o be_v enough_o to_o incline_v the_o most_o obstinate_a and_o wilful_a mind_n imaginable_a to_o reason_n orat._n these_o be_v the_o law_n which_o cicero_n that_o famous_a orator_n and_o oracle_n of_o the_o roman_a senate_n prefer_v before_o all_o the_o write_n of_o philosopher_n and_o declare_v they_o to_o be_v more_o worth_a than_o whole_a library_n whether_o one_o consider_v their_o weight_n and_o authority_n or_o the_o great_a advantage_n they_o procure_v to_o the_o public_a now_o these_o so_o good_a wholesome_a and_o just_a constitution_n do_v speak_v of_o nothing_o more_o than_o of_o the_o duty_n the_o live_n be_v bind_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o dead_a and_o that_o with_o good_a reason_n for_o they_o be_v deprive_v of_o life_n and_o consequent_o unable_a to_o defend_v themselves_o or_o complain_v of_o those_o that_o abuse_v they_o it_o be_v but_o just_a that_o the_o law_n shall_v by_o all_o manner_n of_o way_n favour_n and_o protect_v they_o and_o therefore_o they_o first_o of_o all_o define_v that_o a_o heir_n who_o shall_v not_o have_v well_o acquit_v himself_o in_o all_o the_o funeral_n honour_n he_o ought_v to_o pay_v to_o his_o benefactor_n after_o his_o death_n or_o omit_v any_o essential_a thing_n relate_v thereto_o be_v put_v by_o and_o deprive_v of_o the_o inheritance_n or_o legacy_n which_o be_v leave_v he_o second_o that_o in_o case_n he_o have_v express_v the_o least_o contempt_n in_o perform_v of_o the_o same_o he_o shall_v be_v liable_a to_o capital_a punishment_n and_o in_o the_o three_o and_o last_o place_n that_o if_o he_o have_v be_v observe_v somewhat_o careless_a and_o negligent_a in_o discharge_v the_o say_a duty_n he_o shall_v not_o enjoy_v the_o mean_n bequeath_v to_o he_o except_o he_o do_v every_o year_n sacrifice_n a_o sow_n before_o he_o gather-in_a his_o harvest_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v pacify_v and_o appease_v the_o ghost_n of_o the_o depart_v leg._n solon_n who_o be_v the_o first_o of_o greece_n that_o establish_v law_n and_o have_v so_o well_o regulate_v the_o republic_n of_o athens_n that_o cicero_n be_v of_o opinion_n all_o other_o state_n be_v to_o conform_v themselves_o to_o it_o if_o they_o will_v be_v well_o govern_v because_o he_o have_v omit_v nothing_o therein_o which_o be_v requisite_a to_o good_a order_n virtue_n peace_n and_o justice_n do_v among_o those_o law_n he_o have_v make_v to_o this_o purpose_n not_o forget_v to_o insist_v upon_o each_o particular_a and_o least_o ceremony_n to_o be_v observe_v at_o funeral_n which_o he_o afterward_o put_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o priest_n that_o they_o may_v be_v the_o depositor_n and_o judge_n of_o they_o for_o time_n to_o come_v la._n lycurgus_n who_o be_v also_o account_v one_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a lawgiver_n and_o who_o by_o his_o justice_n make_v himself_o no_o less_o consider_v at_o lacedaemon_n than_o the_o former_a at_o athens_n do_v not_o only_o confirm_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o dead_a all_o the_o honour_n that_o be_v by_o solon_n appoint_v and_o ordain_v shall_v be_v perform_v to_o they_o but_o superadd_v this_o that_o thenceforward_a they_o shall_v have_v their_o sepulcher_n within_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o end_n that_o be_v thus_o expose_v to_o the_o sight_n of_o all_o people_n they_o may_v be_v the_o more_o respect_v and_o imitate_v by_o they_o in_o the_o whole_a conduct_n of_o their_o life_n inser_fw-fr that_o learned_a lawyer_n ulpian_n and_o labeo_n who_o be_v before_o he_o do_v both_o of_o they_o assure_v we_o that_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n do_v above_o all_o thing_n recommend_v funeral_n duty_n be_v very_o severe_a to_o those_o that_o neglect_v the_o performance_n of_o the_o same_o 57_o by_o the_o salic_a law_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o he_o who_o have_v be_v so_o inhuman_a and_o barbarous_a as_o to_o take_v a_o dead_a body_n out_o of_o its_o grave_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o deprive_v it_o of_o burial_n shall_v be_v banish_v as_o a_o monster_n from_o the_o society_n of_o all_o man_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v give_v he_o any_o retreat_n no_o not_o his_o own_o wife_n and_o this_o upon_o most_o severe_a penalty_n viol_n in_o the_o digest_v as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o codex_fw-la of_o theodosius_n and_o justinian_n we_o hear_v of_o nothing_o but_o shame_n fines_n banishment_n amputation_n of_o hand_n capital_a punishment_n and_o other_o such_o like_a decree_v against_o they_o who_o have_v do_v any_o injury_n to_o the_o dead_a according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o their_o crime_n we_o have_v also_o a_o novel_a of_o valentinian_n whole_o in_o favour_n of_o sepulcher_n and_o that_o apostate_n prince_n julian_n who_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v renounce_v all_o manner_n of_o religion_n by_o abandon_v the_o christian_n do_v nevertheless_o open_o take_v the_o part_n of_o the_o dead_a and_o order_v those_o to_o be_v most_o severe_o punish_v who_o have_v disturb_v or_o offer_v any_o injury_n to_o they_o viol._n in_o a_o word_n so_o great_a respect_n have_v ever_o be_v give_v to_o sepulcher_n that_o the_o most_o christian_a prince_n have_v extend_v it_o even_o to_o those_o of_o the_o heathen_n and_o strict_o forbid_v the_o violate_v of_o they_o for_o beside_o the_o emperor_n constans_n who_o of_o all_o monarch_n be_v the_o great_a abhorrer_n of_o paganism_n 45._o we_o may_v quote_v here_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o four_o council_n of_o toledo_n together_o with_o those_o of_o that_o of_o meaux_n or_o paris_n 72._o all_o which_o declare_v the_o violate_v of_o grave_n to_o be_v a_o capital_a crime_n according_a to_o both_o divine_a and_o humane_a law_n in_o ancient_a time_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o make_v water_n or_o so_o much_o as_o spit_v in_o place_n set_v apart_o for_o bury_v the_o dead_a for_o which_o purpose_n they_o be_v use_v to_o have_v there_o the_o representation_n of_o griffin_n lion_n or_o dog_n they_o be_v the_o most_o watchful_a of_o all_o creature_n as_o so_o many_o spy_n to_o have_v a_o eye_n that_o no_o undecent_a action_n may_v be_v do_v 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