for_o it_o prove_v not_o dammageble_a to_o the_o public_a nor_o burdensome_a to_o the_o commonalty_n for_o two_o reason_n one_o because_o ecclesiastical_a good_n be_v final_o the_o poors_z of_o the_o people_n and_o exempt_n those_o who_o have_v not_o and_o leave_v the_o contribution_n to_o those_o who_o have_v wherewithal_o be_v always_o account_v just_a the_o other_o because_o exempt_v a_o man_n when_o he_o have_v little_a and_o less_o than_o what_o suffice_v be_v no_o burden_n unto_o other_o nevertheless_o no_o man_n shall_v infer_v that_o the_o same_o liberality_n of_o prince_n towards_o the_o church_n will_v be_v just_a and_o convenient_a in_o these_o time_n also_o when_o it_o be_v grow_v so_o rich_a that_o it_o possess_v a_o quarter_n and_o without_o doubt_n more_o than_o what_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o person_n and_o this_o be_v not_o lay_v out_o any_o long_o for_o the_o poor_a so_o that_o to_o exempt_a they_o will_v be_v contrary_a to_o what_o good_a prince_n have_v do_v in_o exempt_v the_o rich_a and_o in_o lay_v their_o due_a burden_n on_o the_o poor_a wherefore_o the_o prince_n at_o present_a be_v no_o less_o pious_a than_o those_o then_o but_o the_o subject_n be_v different_a for_o these_o will_v also_o grant_v exemption_n to_o the_o church_n if_o it_o be_v poor_a and_o those_o will_v not_o have_v grant_v it_o if_o it_o have_v be_v rich._n the_o great_a devotion_n of_o prince_n and_o of_o the_o people_n as_o it_o cause_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o clergy_n to_o increase_v abundant_o so_o it_o excite_v a_o great_a thirst_n in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a minister_n to_o multiply_v it_o or_o heap_v it_o up_o from_o which_o excess_n not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o well-minded_a man_n be_v free_a for_o see_v how_o the_o distribution_n of_o ecclesiastical_a good_n fall_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n 20._o n._n 20._o and_o to_o the_o common_a good_a they_o conclude_v that_o the_o more_o the_o church_n have_v to_o distribute_v the_o better_a it_o be_v whereupon_o they_o make_v use_v of_o all_o way_n and_o of_o all_o art_n to_o gain_v wealth_n not_o consider_v whether_o the_o mean_v they_o use_v be_v lawful_a and_o suitable_a unto_o equity_n so_o that_o if_o the_o effect_n do_v but_o ensue_v viz._n that_o the_o church_n may_v gain_v by_o any_o mean_n whatsoever_o she_o seem_v to_o have_v make_v a_o sacrifice_n unto_o god_n and_o certain_o immense_a and_o innumerable_a evil_n proceed_v from_o this_o sort_n of_o zealous_a person_n who_o do_v not_o use_v discretion_n with_o their_o zeal_n because_o it_o seem_v to_o they_o that_o every_o thing_n send_v for_o a_o religious_a end_n by_o what_o way_n soever_o to_o be_v good_a they_o oftentimes_o act_n against_o piety_n and_o against_o humanity_n put_v the_o world_n into_o a_o confusion_n thus_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o primitive_a time_n that_o the_o church_n obtain_v power_n to_o acquire_v real_a estate_n it_o be_v believe_v by_o some_o religious_a man_n to_o be_v a_o service_n of_o god_n to_o deprive_v their_o own_o child_n and_o kindred_n to_o give_v to_o the_o church_n for_o which_o cause_n also_o they_o omit_v no_o art_n to_o induce_v widow_n damsel_n 21._o n._n 21._o and_o other_o easy_a person_n to_o deprive_v their_o own_o family_n to_o leave_v to_o the_o church_n the_o disorder_n pass_v so_o speedy_o the_o bound_n of_o be_v overcome_v that_o the_o prince_n be_v necessitate_v to_o provide_v against_o it_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 370_o 370._o statute_n of_o mortmain_n ao._n 370._o a_o law_n be_v make_v which_o although_o it_o do_v not_o deprive_v the_o church_n from_o acquire_v or_o purchase_v absolute_o yet_o it_o prohibit_v the_o clergy_n from_o go_v unto_o widow_n house_n and_o orphan_n and_o from_o receive_v by_o gift_n or_o by_o will_n any_o thing_n from_o woman_n not_o only_o direct_o but_o also_o by_o mean_n of_o any_o three_o person_n which_o law_n st._n hierome_n confess_v to_o have_v be_v a_o remedy_n against_o the_o corruption_n enter_v among_o the_o clergy_n and_o go_v too_o forward_o in_o the_o desire_n of_o get_v temporal_a estate_n neither_o do_v that_o suffice_v for_o within_o few_o year_n after_o that_o be_v in_o 390_o 390._o ao._n 390._o another_o law_n be_v make_v that_o a_o widow_n who_o devote_a herself_o to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o church_n can_v not_o give_v or_o leave_v to_o it_o by_o will_v any_o real_a estate_n or_o precious_a householdstuff_n which_o be_v discourse_v of_o at_o large_a elsewhere_o this_o excess_n of_o get_v be_v not_o very_o please_v to_o st._n augustin_n 22._o n._n 22._o who_o live_v in_o those_o day_n for_o he_o open_o declare_v that_o it_o please_v he_o better_o that_o inheritance_n shall_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n than_o to_o the_o church_n and_o indeed_o he_o refuse_v some_o inheritance_n leave_v unto_o his_o church_n say_v open_o the_o ecclesiastical_a ministry_n consist_v not_o in_o distribute_v much_o but_o in_o distribute_v well_o likewise_o he_o reprove_v a_o new_a way_n the_o church_n have_v of_o purchase_v find_v out_o in_o those_o day_n which_o be_v buy_v real_a estate_n with_o the_o advance_v make_v upon_o the_o income_n or_o rent_n which_o way_n that_o holy_a man_n always_o abhor_v neither_o will_v he_o ever_o permit_v it_o in_o his_o church_n for_o he_o declare_v in_o his_o public_a sermon_n that_o he_o have_v rather_o live_v upon_o the_o oblation_n and_o collection_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o primitive_a time_n of_o the_o church_n than_o to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o possession_n which_o be_v burdensome_a to_o he_o and_o hinder_v he_o from_o attend_v entire_o upon_o the_o principal_a charge_n of_o a_o bishop_n that_o be_v of_o spiritual_a thing_n add_v further_o that_o he_o be_v prepare_v to_o renounce_v all_o possession_n 23._o n._n 23._o if_o a_o livelihood_n be_v provide_v for_o the_o servant_n of_o god_n and_o minister_n as_o in_o the_o old_a testament_n by_o way_n of_o tithe_n or_o of_o other_o oblation_n without_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o distraction_n which_o the_o care_n of_o earthly_a thing_n bring_v along_o with_o it_o but_o for_o all_o the_o check_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n through_o their_o good_a exhortation_n and_o of_o the_o prince_n by_o their_o good_a law_n the_o ecclesiastical_a good_n can_v not_o be_v hinder_v from_o increase_a above_o what_o they_o ought_v only_o the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o govern_v and_o of_o bestow_v they_o remain_v and_o last_v till_o the_o year_n 420_o without_o any_o notable_a alteration_n beside_o all_o the_o oblation_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a income_n proceed_v from_o real_a estate_n be_v in_o common_a and_o govern_v by_o the_o deacon_n by_o the_o subdeacon_n and_o by_o other_o steward_n be_v their_o assistant_n and_o distribute_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a minister_n and_o of_o the_o poor_a the_o college_n of_o priest_n and_o the_o bishop_n be_v principal_o the_o intendant_o and_o in_o short_a a_o account_n of_o all_o receipt_n and_o disbursment_n be_v keep_v so_o that_o the_o bishop_n dispose_v of_o every_o thing_n the_o deacon_n execute_v it_o 24._o n._n 24._o and_o all_o the_o clergy_n live_v upon_o what_o the_o church_n have_v although_o all_o do_v not_o administer_v st._n john_n chrisostome_n make_v mention_v that_o in_o those_o day_n the_o church_n of_o antioch_n feed_v above_o 3000_o person_n at_o the_o public_a expense_n it_o be_v also_o a_o thing_n certain_a that_o the_o church_n of_o jerusalem_n bear_v the_o expense_n of_o a_o infinite_a multitude_n of_o person_n which_o happen_v there_o from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n it_o be_v record_v in_o history_n that_o atticus_n bishop_n of_o constantinople_n assist_v the_o church_n of_o nicaea_n in_o bythinia_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o great_a concourse_n of_o poor_a people_n in_o that_o city_n which_o be_v number_v to_o 10000_o in_o one_o day_n but_o after_o france_n spain_n and_o africa_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o empire_n and_o erect_v into_o distinct_a kingdom_n and_o the_o succession_n of_o theodosius_n extinct_a italy_n after_o the_o inundation_n of_o divers_a barbarous_a people_n be_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o goth_n west_n division_n of_o the_o east_n from_o the_o west_n and_o the_o east_n divide_v from_o the_o west_n the_o church_n be_v also_o different_o govern_v the_o eastern_a church_n follow_v the_o common_a government_n already_o institute_v 25._o n._n 25._o in_o the_o western_a the_o bishop_n by_o administrator_n and_o superintendent_o begin_v to_o make_v themselves_o master_n and_o to_o govern_v the_o good_n of_o the_o church_n in_o a_o arbitrary_a manner_n from_o whence_o proceed_v a_o great_a confusion_n in_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o say_a good_n and_o chief_o to_o the_o damage_n of_o building_n which_o fall_v to_o ruin_n and_o of_o the_o poor_a who_o be_v
to_o our_o lord_n he_o spend_v the_o same_o and_o buy_v thing_n necessary_a for_o they_o or_o else_o distribute_v to_o the_o poor_a according_a to_o what_o our_o lord_n command_v for_o the_o day_n st._n augustin_n consider_v that_o christ_n have_v the_o attendance_n of_o angel_n who_o minister_v unto_o he_o be_v in_o no_o necessity_n of_o keep_v or_o preserve_v of_o money_n nevertheless_o he_o will_v have_v a_o purse_n to_o give_v a_o example_n to_o the_o church_n of_o what_o she_o ought_v to_o do_v and_o therefore_o the_o church_n always_o understand_v that_o from_o his_o divine_a holiness_n by_o his_o own_o example_n the_o form_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a money_n may_v be_v institute_v 5._o n._n 5._o instruct_v from_o whence_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v and_o wherein_o it_o shall_v be_v lay_v out_o and_o if_o in_o our_o day_n we_o see_v not_o this_o holy_a institution_n observe_v we_o ought_v to_o consider_v that_o for_o our_o instruction_n and_o for_o our_o consolation_n the_o divine_a scripture_n relate_v that_o then_o judas_n also_o be_v a_o thief_n and_o usurp_v to_o himself_o the_o good_n common_a to_o the_o apostolical_a college_n and_o come_v to_o such_o a_o height_n of_o covetousness_n that_o what_o he_o steal_v seem_v not_o sufficient_a for_o he_o he_o proceed_v so_o far_o in_o wickedness_n that_o he_o sell_v to_o the_o jew_n the_o very_a person_n of_o christ_n our_o lord_n to_o make_v his_o sum_n of_o money_n great_a and_o if_o we_o either_o in_o read_v history_n or_o else_o in_o observe_v thing_n occurrent_a in_o our_o time_n we_o shall_v believe_v that_o ecclesiastical_a good_n be_v in_o a_o great_a part_n spend_v in_o other_o use_n than_o pious_a and_o that_o some_o of_o the_o minister_n not_o content_a of_o usurp_a to_o themselves_o that_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o common_a to_o the_o church_n and_o to_o the_o poor_a have_v go_v so_o far_o as_o to_o sell_v sacred_a thing_n and_o spiritual_a grace_n to_o make_v money_n 6._o n._n 6._o we_o ought_v not_o to_o refer_v this_o to_o a_o particular_a misery_n of_o our_o or_o of_o any_o other_o time_n but_o to_o ascribe_v it_o to_o the_o divine_a permission_n for_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o good_a consider_v that_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o infant_n church_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o imperfection_n indeed_o we_o ought_v every_o one_o according_a to_o his_o degree_n and_o vocation_n to_o procure_v a_o remedy_n and_o he_o that_o can_v do_v otherwise_o by_o his_o prayer_n and_o he_o that_o can_v hinder_v the_o evil_a by_o prevent_v and_o oppose_v the_o abuse_n consider_v that_o although_o judas_n have_v no_o humane_a punishment_n because_o those_o who_o ought_v to_o have_v punish_v he_o be_v complice_n in_o his_o offence_n nevertheless_o divine_a providence_n show_v what_o penalty_n he_o deserve_v and_o appoint_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v his_o own_o executioner_n for_o a_o document_n of_o what_o those_o aught_o to_o do_v who_o be_v give_v for_o tutor_n and_o defender_n of_o the_o church_n in_o follow_v age_n after_o christ_n our_o lord_n have_v ascend_v into_o heaven_n the_o holy_a apostle_n follow_v in_o the_o church_n of_o jerusalem_n the_o same_o institution_n of_o have_v the_o church_n money_n for_o the_o two_o effect_n abovesaid_a 7._o n._n 7._o that_o be_v for_o the_o need_n of_o the_o minister_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o for_o alm_n to_o the_o poor_a and_o the_o stock_n of_o this_o money_n be_v likewise_o the_o oblation_n of_o the_o faithful_a who_o also_o make_v all_o their_o good_n common_a sell_v their_o possession_n to_o make_v money_n for_o this_o use_n so_o that_o the_o community_n of_o the_o church_n be_v not_o distinct_a from_o the_o particular_a of_o each_o faithful_a man_n as_o be_v practise_v still_o in_o some_o religion_n which_o observe_v those_o first_o institution_n the_o christian_n in_o those_o primitive_a time_n be_v very_o ready_a to_o strip_v themselves_o of_o their_o temporal_a good_n to_o bestow_v they_o in_o alm_n because_o they_o look_v for_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n to_o be_v at_o hand_n christ_n our_o lord_n have_v leave_v it_o to_o they_o uncertain_a and_o although_o it_o be_v to_o last_o as_o long_o as_o he_o please_v they_o consider_v it_o not_o otherwise_o but_o as_o be_v to_o end_v then_o hold_v for_o certain_a that_o the_o figure_n of_o this_o world_n that_o be_v the_o state_n of_o this_o present_a life_n pass_v away_o wherefore_o the_o oblation_n increase_v always_o the_o more_o yet_o the_o custom_n of_o not_o have_v any_o thing_n of_o one_o own_o but_o all_o thing_n in_o common_a 8._o n._n 8._o so_o that_o there_o be_v neither_o poor_a nor_o rich_a but_o all_o live_v equal_o go_v not_o out_o of_o jerusalem_n for_o in_o the_o other_o church_n which_o the_o holy_a apostle_n plant_v it_o be_v not_o institute_v neither_o do_v it_o last_o long_o in_o jerusalem_n whereupon_o 26_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o christ_n it_o be_v read_v that_o the_o public_a be_v distinct_a from_o the_o private_a every_o one_o know_v his_o own_o but_o the_o money_n be_v common_a in_o that_o church_n as_o in_o other_o found_v in_o oblation_n which_o place_v in_o common_a serve_v for_o the_o minister_n only_o and_o for_o the_o poor_a and_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o he_o who_o have_v wherewithal_o of_o his_o own_o to_o live_v upon_o the_o church_n stock_n whereupon_o st._n paul_n ordain_v that_o widow_n who_o have_v kindred_n shall_v be_v relieve_v by_o their_o relation_n that_o the_o church_n good_n may_v be_v sufficient_a for_o those_o who_o be_v widow_n indeed_o that_o be_v widow_n and_o poor_a the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n which_o for_o that_o cause_n be_v call_v the_o lord_n day_n the_o faithful_a meet_v together_o 9_o n._n 9_o and_o each_o one_o offer_v that_o which_o he_o have_v set_v apart_o of_o the_o forego_n week_n for_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o common_a the_o care_n of_o these_o good_n which_o our_o lord_n whilst_o he_o be_v in_o this_o mortal_a life_n give_v unto_o judas_n be_v administer_v by_o the_o apostle_n themselves_o for_o a_o short_a time_n after_o the_o ascension_n but_o afterward_o perceive_v that_o murmur_n and_o sedition_n do_v arise_v among_o the_o faithful_a about_o the_o distribution_n that_o be_v make_v it_o appear_v to_o some_o that_o they_o be_v not_o so_o great_a sharer_n of_o the_o common_a as_o they_o willing_o will_v have_v be_v and_o believe_v that_o other_o have_v more_o than_o they_o ought_v so_o as_o the_o common_a evil_n in_o all_o time_n in_o dispense_n the_o good_n of_o the_o church_n the_o apostle_n know_v they_o can_v not_o attend_v this_o perfect_o together_o with_o preach_v of_o the_o word_n of_o god_n they_o determine_v to_o retain_v to_o themselves_o the_o ministry_n of_o preach_v and_o teach_v appoint_v for_o this_o office_n of_o have_v care_n of_o temporal_a thing_n another_o sort_n of_o minister_n quite_o different_a from_o that_o which_o we_o see_v do_v in_o our_o time_n wherein_o the_o chief_a prelate_n of_o the_o church_n attend_v the_o government_n of_o temporal_a thing_n 10._o n._n 10._o and_o the_o office_n of_o preach_v and_o teach_v the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o gospel_n be_v leave_v unto_o the_o friar_n or_o brethren_n or_o to_o some_o inferior_a priest_n in_o the_o church_n but_o these_o new_a minister_n which_o the_o holy_a apostle_n institute_v for_o govern_v temporal_a thing_n be_v call_v deacon_n deacon_n deacon_n for_o which_o purpose_n election_n be_v make_v of_o six_o from_o all_o the_o body_n of_o the_o faithful_a which_o the_o apostle_n appoint_v for_o that_o ministry_n and_o wheresoever_o they_o found_v a_o church_n they_o also_o appoint_v deacon_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o also_o they_o ordain_v bishop_n and_o priest_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a minister_n fast_v and_o prayer_n precede_v and_o the_o common_a election_n of_o the_o faithful_a follow_v after_o observe_v inviolable_o this_o order_n of_o never_o depute_v any_o man_n to_o any_o ecclesiastical_a charge_n who_o be_v not_o first_o elect_v by_o the_o universality_n of_o the_o church_n which_o be_v of_o all_o the_o faithful_a together_o this_o custom_n continue_v in_o the_o church_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n for_o about_o 200_o year_n 11._o n._n 11._o maintain_v the_o ecclesiastical_a minister_n and_o the_o poor_a also_o with_o the_o public_a good_n there_o be_v no_o other_o stock_n but_o the_o oblation_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o faithful_a in_o the_o church_n which_o oblation_n be_v in_o great_a abundance_n because_o out_o of_o fervency_n of_o charity_n every_o one_o offer_v all_o that_o he_o can_v according_a to_o what_o he_o have_v so_o that_o when_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o faithful_a in_o one_o city_n be_v abundant_a for_o the_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o their_o own_o church_n they_o
forsake_v for_o which_o cause_n about_o the_o year_n 470_o it_o be_v ordain_v in_o the_o western_a church_n ecclesiastical_a ao._n 470._o division_n of_o good_n ecclesiastical_a that_o four_o part_n shall_v be_v make_v one_o shall_v be_v the_o bishop_n the_o second_o for_o the_o other_o minister_n the_o three_o for_o building_n of_o the_o church_n which_o comprehend_v not_o only_o the_o building_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o people_n meet_v together_o but_o also_o the_o habitation_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o other_o clergyman_n and_o of_o the_o sick_a and_o widow_n and_o the_o four_o for_o the_o poor_a but_o these_o poor_a among_o most_o of_o the_o church_n as_o st._n gregory_n relate_v be_v mean_v only_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o place_n because_o all_o the_o hospitality_n belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n 26._o page_n 26._o who_o upon_o the_o expense_n of_o his_o own_o portion_n be_v oblige_v to_o lodge_v the_o foreign_a clergy_n and_o to_o feed_v the_o poor_a which_o come_v from_o abroad_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v believe_v that_o this_o division_n be_v in_o four_o arithmetical_a and_o equal_a part_n but_o proportionable_o because_o in_o some_o church_n the_o number_n of_o the_o clergy_n require_v that_o their_o expense_n shall_v be_v great_a than_o for_o the_o poor_a on_o the_o contrary_a the_o great_a number_n of_o poor_a and_o the_o small_a number_n of_o clergyman_n require_v otherwise_o even_o as_o in_o the_o great_a city_n the_o charge_n of_o building_n be_v great_a but_o not_o so_o in_o the_o ordinary_a one_o because_o every_o church_n accept_v the_o decree_n of_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n make_v the_o division_n with_o different_a proportion_n according_a to_o their_o own_o different_a necessity_n i_o know_v that_o some_o do_v attribute_v this_o division_n to_o pope_n sylvester_n who_o be_v 150_o year_n before_o ground_v upon_o some_o feign_a scripture_n after_o with_o little_a honour_n to_o that_o age_n which_o be_v not_o then_o much_o pollute_v in_o the_o theodosian_a codicil_n 359._o ao._n 359._o there_o be_v find_v a_o law_n of_o constantius_n and_o julian_n 27._o page_n 27._o in_o the_o year_n 359_o exempt_v the_o marchant-clergy_n from_o pay_v custom_n or_o tribute_n because_o what_o they_o gain_v be_v the_o poors_z so_o far_o be_v we_o that_o the_o church_n good_n shall_v be_v divide_v that_o they_o leave_v their_o gain_n in_o common_a 550._o ao._n 550._o but_o in_o these_o year_n which_o be_v about_o 500_o although_o the_o rent_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o part_n yet_o the_o estate_n be_v not_o divide_v neither_o the_o real_a estate_n nor_o the_o oblation_n and_o alm_n but_o all_o govern_v together_o by_o the_o deacon_n and_o subdeacon_n and_o the_o income_n divide_v into_o four_o part_n which_o thing_n have_v be_v necessary_a to_o be_v mention_v in_o this_o place_n because_o in_o succeed_v time_n there_o will_v be_v declare_v such_o a_o change_n of_o government_n which_o in_o and_o through_o all_o thing_n prove_v contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_n as_o also_o the_o manner_n of_o choose_v minister_n be_v as_o be_v abovesaid_a institute_v by_o the_o holy_a apostle_n that_o bishop_n priest_n 〈◊〉_d election_n of_o bishop_n &_o 〈◊〉_d and_o other_o minister_n of_o god_n word_n and_o the_o deacon_n minister_n of_o temporal_a thing_n shall_v be_v elect_v by_o the_o universality_n or_o generality_n of_o the_o faithful_a and_o shall_v be_v ordain_v by_o the_o bishop_n with_o lay_v of_o hand_n on_o the_o head_n a_o thing_n which_o last_v without_o alteration_n the_o bishop_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o people_n 28._o page_n 28._o and_o ordain_v by_o the_o metropolitain_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o the_o cumprovincial_a bishop_n or_o else_o by_o their_o consent_n grant_v by_o letter_n from_o those_o who_o can_v not_o be_v present_a and_o if_o the_o metropolitain_n be_v hinder_v the_o ordination_n be_v make_v by_o three_o of_o the_o neighbour_a bishop_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o he_o and_o of_o those_o that_o be_v absent_a and_o after_o that_o many_o province_n for_o a_o better_a form_n of_o government_n be_v subject_a to_o one_o primate_n his_o consent_n be_v also_o require_v for_o ordain_v then_o the_o priest_n deacon_n and_o other_o clergyman_n be_v present_v by_o the_o people_n and_o ordain_v by_o the_o bishop_n or_o else_o nominate_v by_o the_o bishop_n and_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n ordain_v by_o he_o a_o unknown_a man_n be_v never_o receive_v neither_o do_v the_o bishop_n ever_o ordain_v one_o who_o be_v not_o approve_v of_o and_o commend_v or_o rather_o present_v by_o the_o people_n and_o the_o consent_n or_o interveen_n of_o the_o people_n be_v judge_v so_o necessary_a that_o pope_n leo_n the_o first_o treat_v ample_o that_o the_o ordination_n of_o a_o bishop_n can_v not_o be_v valid_a nor_o lawful_a which_o be_v not_o require_v or_o seek_v for_o by_o the_o people_n and_o by_o they_o approve_v of_o 29._o n._n 29._o which_o be_v say_v by_o all_o the_o saint_n of_o those_o time_n and_o st._n gregory_n esteem_v that_o constance_n can_v not_o be_v consecrate_a bishop_n of_o milan_n who_o have_v be_v elect_v by_o the_o clergy_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o citizen_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o persecution_n be_v retire_v to_o genoa_n and_o prevail_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v first_o send_v unto_o to_o know_v their_o will_n a_o thing_n worthy_a of_o be_v note_v in_o our_o day_n ☜_o ☜_o when_o that_o election_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v illegitimate_a and_o null_a where_o the_o people_n have_v any_o share_n thus_o thing_n be_v change_v and_o pass_v into_o a_o quite_o contrary_a custom_n call_v that_o lawful_a which_o then_o be_v account_v wicked_a and_o that_o unjust_a which_o then_o be_v repute_v holy_a sometime_o when_o the_o bishop_n be_v grow_v old_a he_o nominate_v his_o own_o successor_n thus_o st._n augustin_n nominate_v eradius_fw-la but_o that_o nomination_n be_v of_o no_o value_n unless_o it_o be_v first_o approve_v of_o by_o the_o people_n all_o which_o thing_n be_v necessary_a to_o be_v keep_v in_o mind_n to_o compare_v they_o with_o the_o custom_n and_o manner_n which_o be_v see_v to_o be_v practise_v in_o subsequent_a time_n it_o be_v necessary_a now_o to_o make_v a_o little_a digression_n for_o a_o new_a cause_n 30._o n._n 30._o which_o have_v bring_v a_o very_a great_a increase_n to_o ecclesiastical_a estate_n and_o spring_v up_o in_o these_o very_a time_n about_o the_o year_n 500_o and_o this_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o religious_a college_n call_v monastery_n 300._o ao._n 500_o monastery_n monkery_n ao._n 300._o monkery_n begin_v in_o egypt_n about_o the_o year_n 300_o those_o who_o flee_v from_o the_o persecution_n and_o from_o thence_o past_a into_o greece_n where_o by_o st._n basil_n about_o the_o year_n 370_o it_o be_v form_v in_o the_o manner_n which_o yet_o continue_v in_o those_o country_n but_o in_o italy_n about_o the_o year_n 350_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o rome_n by_o athanasius_n 350._o ao._n 350._o where_o he_o have_v but_o few_o follower_n and_o little_a applause_n in_o that_o city_n and_o in_o the_o neighbour_a place_n until_o that_o time_n of_o about_o the_o year_n 500_o when_o st._n equitius_n and_o st._n benedictus_n give_v it_o a_o settle_a form_n and_o difuse_v it_o though_o indeed_o the_o institution_n of_o st._n equitius_n extend_v itself_o but_o little_a and_o soon_o fail_v but_o that_o of_o st._n benedict_n spread_v itself_o all_o over_o italy_n and_o go_v beyond_o the_o mountain_n secular_o monk_n nor_o clerk_n but_o secular_o the_o monk_n in_o those_o day_n and_o for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o be_v not_o clerk_n but_o secular_o and_o in_o the_o monastery_n which_o they_o have_v without_o the_o city_n they_o live_v upon_o their_o own_o labour_n of_o husbandry_n and_o other_o art_n together_o with_o some_o oblation_n make_v they_o by_o the_o faithful_a all_o which_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o abbot_n but_o in_o the_o city_n they_o live_v by_o their_o work_n 31._o n._n 31._o and_o by_o that_o which_o be_v appoint_v for_o public_a expense_n by_o the_o church_n these_o retain_v their_o ancient_a discipline_n much_o long_o the_o clerk_n after_o the_o stock_n of_o the_o church_n be_v divide_v lose_v sufficient_o of_o the_o people_n divotion_n whereupon_o there_o be_v few_o who_o either_o give_v or_o leave_v any_o more_o good_n to_o they_o so_o that_o the_o acquisition_n and_o purchase_n of_o the_o church_n will_v have_v be_v at_o a_o end_n but_o the_o monk_n continue_v the_o live_n in_o common_a and_o in_o pious_a work_n be_v cause_n that_o the_o liberality_n of_o the_o people_n be_v not_o extinguish_v but_o forsake_v the_o clerk_n turn_v towards_o they_o who_o be_v great_o instrumental_a in_o increase_v ecclesiastical_a wealth_n and_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n augment_v great_o in_o possession_n and_o income_n give_v to_o they_o and_o
leave_v by_o will_n which_o indeed_o be_v then_o spend_v by_o they_o in_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o monk_n and_o in_o hospitality_n in_o school_n and_o education_n of_o youth_n and_o in_o other_o pious_a work_n the_o abbot_n tritemius_fw-la make_v account_n that_o the_o monastery_n of_o benedict_n in_o monks_n be_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 15000_o 32._o n._n 32._o beside_o the_o prepositure_n and_o lesser_a convent_v prepositure_fw-fr prepositure_fw-fr the_o monk_n themselves_o choose_v their_o own_o abbot_n who_o govern_v they_o spiritual_o and_o rule_v also_o as_o well_o the_o good_n which_o come_v by_o the_o charitable_a offering_n of_o the_o faithful_a as_o of_o those_o which_o proceed_v from_o the_o labour_n and_o art_n of_o the_o monk_n and_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n those_o also_o which_o come_v from_o settle_a revenue_n but_o the_o bishop_n in_o these_o day_n which_o succeed_v the_o year_n 500_o 500_o ao._n 500_o be_v become_v absolute_a dispensator_n of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o church_n good_n begin_v also_o to_o mind_n more_o temporal_a thing_n and_o to_o make_v themselves_o to_o be_v follow_v in_o the_o city_n whereupon_o election_n be_v no_o more_o use_v as_o the_o end_n of_o divine_a service_n but_o with_o seditious_a practice_n proceed_v oftentimes_o from_o practice_n to_o public_a violence_n for_o which_o cause_n prince_n who_o until_o then_o take_v but_o little_a thought_n of_o who_o shall_v be_v elect_v unto_o this_o ministry_n begin_v to_o bethink_v themselves_o of_o it_o 33._o n._n 33._o be_v advertise_v by_o the_o holy_a man_n of_o those_o time_n that_o god_n have_v commit_v the_o protection_n of_o his_o church_n unto_o they_o and_o therefore_o they_o ought_v by_o the_o command_n of_o his_o divine_a ministry_n to_o take_v such_o care_n that_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n shall_v be_v lawful_o manage_v the_o prince_n also_o see_v evident_o how_o great_a impediment_n be_v bring_v against_o the_o quietness_n of_o the_o state_n and_o against_o the_o good_a government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o the_o private_a interest_n of_o the_o ambitious_a clergy_n and_o by_o the_o seditious_a practice_n which_o they_o use_v to_o acquire_v ecclesiastical_a dignity_n whereupon_o partly_o out_o of_o divine_a respect_n and_o partly_o for_o human_a they_o begin_v to_o prevent_v the_o clergy_n and_o the_o laity_n from_o provide_v themselves_o after_o their_o way_n according_a to_o their_o affection_n as_o well_o because_o affair_n be_v alter_v and_o the_o bishopric_n no_o more_o shun_v but_o covet_v they_o make_v party_n from_o whence_o proceed_v sedition_n and_o sometime_o popular_a slaughter_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o concurrent_n as_o also_o because_o sometime_o factious_a person_n be_v choose_v for_o bishop_n who_o hold_v private_a intelligence_n with_o the_o prince_n enemy_n which_o be_v never_o want_v in_o the_o western_a confusion_n 34._o n._n 34._o and_o sometime_o person_n be_v choose_v who_o have_v gain_v a_o train_n of_o people_n attempt_v some_o design_n to_o attribute_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o magistrate_n to_o themselves_o and_o will_v stir_v up_o the_o people_n to_o defend_v their_o enterprise_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n ordain_v that_o no_o person_n elect_v shall_v be_v consecrate_a without_o their_o consent_n or_o the_o magistrate_n the_o prince_n reserve_v to_o himself_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o great_a bishopric_n as_o in_o italy_n of_o rome_n ravenna_n and_o of_o milan_n leave_v the_o lesser_a bishopric_n to_o the_o care_n of_o the_o minister_n but_o take_v more_o heed_n to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o thing_n than_o to_o the_o appearance_n when_o in_o a_o city_n there_o be_v a_o eminent_a subject_n know_v to_o the_o people_n to_o who_o all_o be_v incline_v ☞_o ☞_o and_o the_o prince_n satisfy_v that_o he_o please_v the_o people_n occurrenza_n occurrenza_n when_o a_o occurrence_n come_v he_o be_v consecrate_a without_o more_o ado_n sometime_o also_o there_o happen_v through_o accident_n of_o war_n or_o of_o plague_n that_o one_o have_v be_v ordain_v before_o he_o have_v the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o prince_n 35._o n._n 35._o as_o happen_v to_o pelagius_n the_o second_o predecessor_n to_o st._n gregory_n rome_n be_v besiege_a by_o the_o lombard_n after_o the_o siege_n be_v raise_v he_o send_v gregory_n who_o be_v then_o deacon_n to_o make_v excuse_n to_o the_o emperor_n beseech_v he_o to_o confirm_v what_o necessity_n have_v constrain_v he_o to_o do_v in_o this_o manner_n pope_n be_v elect_v and_o bishop_n in_o italy_n until_o the_o year_n 750_o 750._o ao._n 750._o with_o the_o imperial_a confirmation_n but_o in_o france_n and_o in_o other_o place_n beyond_o the_o alps_o the_o regal_a or_o the_o prince_n authority_n be_v herein_o more_o absolute_a for_o the_o people_n total_o desist_v from_o the_o election_n when_o the_o prince_n take_v it_o in_o hand_n good_a man_n forbear_v because_o believe_v themselves_o to_o be_v well_o provide_v with_o king_n esteem_v their_o intervention_n superfluous_a evil_a man_n because_o they_o be_v not_o certain_a of_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v their_o design_n to_o pass_v whereupon_o the_o king_n give_v the_o bishopric_n to_o they_o only_o throughout_o the_o kingdom_n in_o all_o gregory_n turonensis_n '_o history_n from_o clodovius_n the_o first_o christian_a king_n of_o france_n unto_o the_o year_n 590_o no_o bishop_n be_v know_v to_o be_v make_v but_o by_o the_o command_n or_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n 36._o n._n 36._o and_o st._n gregory_n who_o be_v make_v pope_n that_o year_n write_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n upon_o different_a occasion_n complain_v to_o they_o that_o the_o bishopric_n be_v not_o bestow_v on_o sufficient_a man_n and_o pray_v they_o to_o make_v choice_n of_o good_a and_o understand_a man_n he_o never_o reprehend_v the_o provision_n make_v by_o the_o king_n when_o the_o person_n provide_v be_v deserve_v as_o for_o bishop_n who_o be_v choose_v without_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o exclude_v they_o also_o from_o the_o election_n of_o priest_n deacon_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a minister_n reduce_v the_o power_n of_o nominate_v they_o to_o the_o prince_n only_o without_o the_o intervention_n of_o the_o people_n part_n of_o they_o have_v withdraw_v themselves_o total_o from_o meddle_v in_o ecclesiastical_a congregation_n to_o attend_v their_o domestic_a affair_n other_o through_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o do_v arise_v among_o popular_a faction_n and_o some_o other_o for_o see_v themselves_o disrespect_a by_o the_o bishop_n grow_v potent_a as_o well_o by_o the_o riches_n he_o have_v to_o spend_v as_o by_o his_o dependence_n on_o the_o prince_n by_o who_o he_o be_v nominate_v to_o or_o confirm_v in_o the_o bishopric_n the_o prince_n sometime_o nominate_v those_o that_o be_v to_o be_v ordain_v 37._o n._n 37._o at_o other_o time_n he_o leave_v the_o care_n whole_o to_o the_o bishop_n chief_o when_o he_o be_v full_o confident_a which_o confidence_n be_v also_o cause_n that_o the_o prince_n oftentimes_o make_v use_n of_o the_o bishop_n either_o to_o compose_v difficalty_n among_o the_o people_n or_o to_o determine_v difficult_a cause_n the_o respect_n of_o religion_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o they_o be_v more_o believe_v than_o the_o magistrate_n whereupon_o they_o be_v more_o intent_n upon_o that_o than_o in_o teach_v the_o christian_a doctrine_n which_o at_o first_o be_v give_v they_o in_o charge_n therefore_o when_o make_v of_o a_o bishop_n be_v in_o question_n it_o behoove_v rather_o to_o have_v respect_n unto_o a_o wise_a wordling_n than_o unto_o one_o understanding_n in_o matter_n of_o faith_n which_o remain_v still_o unto_o this_o time_n it_o be_v say_v that_o except_v the_o place_n border_v on_o the_o insidell_n it_o be_v better_a make_v a_o bishop_n of_o a_o good_a jurisconsult_a or_o lawyer_n than_o of_o a_o good_a divine_a and_o true_o it_o be_v a_o reasonable_a thing_n if_o the_o principal_a office_n of_o a_o bishop_n be_v to_o judge_v cause_n 38._o n._n 38._o christ_n our_o lord_n ordain_v his_o apostle_n say_v as_o my_o father_n have_v send_v i_o so_o send_v i_o you_o by_o which_o they_o understand_v to_o be_v send_v to_o teach_v if_o now_o all_o be_v sufficient_o instruct_v and_o there_o be_v no_o more_o need_n of_o it_o he_o may_v attend_v somewhat_o else_o heretofore_o the_o principal_a care_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v to_o teach_v and_o the_o next_o to_o oversee_v the_o government_n of_o the_o poor_a so_o that_o in_o the_o second_o as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o first_o there_o be_v some_o relaxation_n and_o therefore_o in_o make_v the_o division_n into_o four_o part_n abovemention_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o good_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o those_o be_v they_o who_o divide_v after_o their_o way_n so_o that_o where_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o priest_n be_v conscionable_a man_n the_o division_n be_v just_o
to_o wonder_v if_o so_o many_o modern_a writer_n in_o such_o like_a question_n as_o in_o this_o which_o make_v the_o pope_n absolute_a master_n of_o all_o the_o benefice_n and_o of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a estate_n do_v defend_v opinion_n contrary_a to_o antiquity_n and_o contrary_a to_o those_o institution_n which_o have_v their_o rise_n from_o the_o apostle_n themselves_o and_o from_o apostolical_a man_n because_o that_o as_o st._n cyprian_n very_o sensible_o complain_v that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o imperfection_n of_o man_n that_o whereas_o custom_n shall_v be_v conformable_a to_o good_a doctrine_n and_o to_o law_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o doctrine_n of_o interest_v man_n accommodate_v itself_o to_o the_o custom_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o in_o all_o the_o course_n of_o so_o many_o age_n there_o have_v be_v no_o novelty_n introduce_v even_o concern_v religion_n but_o immediate_o it_o have_v meet_v with_o defender_n what_o a_o wonder_n will_v it_o be_v 93._o n._n 93._o that_o this_o shall_v happen_v in_o those_o novelty_n and_o introduction_n which_o serve_v for_o wealth_n ease_n and_o humane_a concern_v whereunto_o many_o may_v aspire_v the_o confusion_n which_o be_v in_o italy_n in_o politic_a affair_n by_o reason_n of_o so_o many_o king_n and_o emperor_n which_o be_v make_v in_o those_o time_n cause_v also_o a_o extreme_a disorder_n in_o other_o city_n about_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n bishop_n and_o abbot_n be_v sometime_o make_v by_o prince_n and_o sometime_o intrude_v by_o their_o own_o power_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a minister_n likewise_o be_v sometime_o make_v by_o those_o who_o bear_v sway_n in_o the_o city_n and_o sometime_o by_o the_o bishop_n and_o now_o and_o then_o benefice_n be_v possess_v by_o he_o who_o have_v power_n or_o popular_a favour_n in_o the_o year_n 963_o otho_n a_o saxon_a bring_v his_o arm_n into_o italy_n and_o become_v master_n of_o it_o and_o to_o give_v form_n unto_o the_o government_n he_o assemble_v a_o little_a council_n of_o bishop_n deprive_v pope_n john_n 12_o who_o be_v make_v pope_n in_o his_o minority_n under_o the_o age_n of_o 18_o by_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o roman_a nobility_n and_o by_o a_o great_a concourse_n in_o that_o city_n 94._o n._n 94._o and_o live_v in_o the_o popedom_n commit_v adultery_n perjury_n and_o other_o irreligious_a custom_n otho_n make_v he_o to_o be_v renounce_v by_o the_o people_n and_o by_o pope_n leo_n the_o 8_o create_v by_o he_o instead_o of_o john_n the_o authority_n of_o create_v the_o pope_n and_o the_o other_o bishop_n in_o italy_n he_o retain_v and_o his_o son_n and_o his_o nephew_n of_o the_o same_o name_n unto_o the_o year_n 1001_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 36_o year_n and_o during_o the_o number_n of_o twelve_o pope_n which_o be_v in_o that_o time_n two_o of_o they_o be_v create_v quiet_o by_o the_o prince_n the_o other_o in_o sedition_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o first_o otho_n carry_v one_o prisoner_n into_o germany_n and_o otho_n the_o three_o carry_v another_o one_o be_v strangle_v by_o he_o who_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o be_v make_v in_o his_o room_n one_o run_v away_o have_v rob_v the_o treasury_n of_o the_o church_n ornament_n and_o another_o withdraw_v himself_o into_o a_o voluntary_a exile_n so_o that_o in_o these_o year_n we_o meet_v with_o pope_n yet_o as_o baronius_n say_v scontriame_n scontriame_n they_o be_v in_o the_o catalogue_n only_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o number_n for_o as_o to_o the_o rest_n the_o church_n have_v no_o other_o head_n but_o christ._n the_o other_o bishop_n and_o the_o abbot_n be_v create_v by_o the_o emperor_n without_o any_o contradiction_n 95._o n._n 95._o and_o the_o manner_n be_v that_o when_o a_o bishop_n die_v his_o crosier-staff_n and_o his_o ring_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o emperor_n who_o have_v determine_v on_o who_o to_o bestow_v the_o benefice_n he_o invest_v he_o by_o give_v he_o the_o ring_n and_o the_o staff_n upon_o receive_v of_o which_o token_n he_o go_v into_o possession_n and_o get_v himself_o consecrate_a by_o his_o metropolitan_a or_o by_o the_o neighbour_a bishop_n which_o custom_n be_v observe_v also_o in_o france_n and_o in_o germany_n other_o small_a benefice_n be_v confer_v by_o the_o bishop_n or_o by_o the_o abbot_n under_o who_o they_o be_v unless_o the_o prince_n nominate_v any_o one_o to_o a_o vacant_a benefice_n for_o to_o such_o a_o one_o it_o be_v give_v without_o any_o reply_n or_o if_o he_o be_v recommend_v by_o the_o prince_n to_o have_v a_o benefice_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v vacant_a who_o by_o reason_n of_o that_o expectation_n grant_v by_o the_o prince_n come_v to_o be_v provide_v by_o the_o bishop_n with_o the_o first_o vacancy_n thus_o do_v the_o otho_n governor_n without_o contradiction_n from_o the_o pope_n although_o the_o second_o of_o they_o dwell_v a_o very_a long_a time_n in_o rome_n where_o he_o die_v also_o and_o be_v bury_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o otho_n 96._o n._n 96._o there_o be_v preserve_v among_o the_o succeed_v emperor_n the_o same_o power_n of_o bestow_v of_o bishopric_n and_o abbey_n and_o also_o of_o nominate_v unto_o inferior_a benefice_n or_o else_o of_o give_v expectancy_n of_o benefice_n which_o be_v to_o become_v vacant_a indeed_o the_o imperial_a authority_n diminish_v in_o rome_n the_o confusion_n return_v into_o that_o church_n for_o the_o people_n have_v reassume_v the_o authority_n of_o elect_v the_o pope_n and_o choose_v three_o of_o they_o quiet_o benedictus_n octavus_n and_o john_n the_o 20_o brethren_n be_v elect_v one_o after_o another_o with_o some_o show_n of_o faction_n and_o this_o last_o be_v dead_a benedictus_n four_o their_o nephew_n be_v choose_v at_o 12_o year_n of_o age_n who_o beside_o many_o other_o excess_n sell_v a_o part_n of_o the_o popedom_n to_o one_o sylvester_n the_o 3d_o and_o another_o part_n to_o gregory_n 6_o and_o all_o three_o sit_v in_o rome_n at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o much_o confusion_n chief_o that_o this_o gregory_n have_v arm_v himself_o with_o soldier_n foot_n and_o horse_n 97._o n._n 97._o and_o with_o great_a slaughter_n get_v the_o possession_n of_o st._n peter_n church_n he_o enlarge_v his_o part_n by_o arm_n wherefore_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o black_a go_v into_o italy_n put_v benedictus_n to_o flight_n send_v sylvester_n away_o banish_a gregory_n into_o germany_n and_o deprive_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n of_o the_o power_n of_o make_v any_o more_o pope_n and_o he_o make_v three_o pope_n successive_o all_o german_n by_o nation_n who_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o emperor_n take_v upon_o they_o the_o pontifical_a habit_n and_o ensign_n without_o any_o thing_n else_o the_o three_o who_o be_v brunus_n bishop_n of_o zul_n have_v by_o the_o emperor_n deputation_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o habit_n in_o trisinga_n and_o therewith_o take_v his_o journey_n as_o far_o as_o clugni_n hildebrand_n a_o monk_n foster-son_n of_o st._n peter_n church_n in_o rome_n a_o man_n of_o singular_a subtlety_n will_v by_o art_n restore_v the_o election_n to_o the_o roman_n counsel_v brunus_n who_o clothe_v in_o his_o pontifical_a habit_n be_v call_v leo_n 9th_o to_o clothe_v himself_o like_o a_o pilgrim_n and_o so_o to_o go_v to_o rome_n and_o that_o he_o will_v be_v more_o acceptable_a to_o the_o roman_a people_n 98._o n._n 98._o leo_n consent_v and_o enter_v rome_n in_o a_o pilgrim_n habit_n and_o by_o the_o suggestion_n of_o hildebrand_n be_v proclaim_v pope_n of_o rome_n by_o the_o people_n but_o this_o art_n do_v not_o prevent_v the_o emperor_n when_o leo_n be_v dead_a from_o choose_v in_o mentz_n geberard_n of_o aichstat_n who_o immediate_o put_v on_o the_o habit_n and_o be_v call_v vector_n the_o second_o the_o emperor_n than_o do_v not_o only_o bestow_v benefice_n but_o also_o make_v constitution_n against_o those_o who_o obtain_v they_o by_o simony_n pardon_v the_o error_n commit_v until_o that_o time_n and_o impose_v penalty_n for_o the_o future_a henry_n the_o black_a die_a 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draw_v out_o of_o england_n he_o find_v it_o to_o be_v equal_a to_o his_o own_o revenue_n which_o be_v sixty_o thousand_o mark_n the_o king_n propose_v some_o of_o these_o difference_n to_o the_o council_n at_o lion_n make_v complaint_n of_o the_o abovesaid_a grievance_n whereto_o the_o pope_n answer_v the_o council_n be_v not_o assemble_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o that_o it_o be_v no_o time_n to_o harken_v to_o it_o in_o the_o say_a city_n of_o lion_n during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o council_n 154._o n._n 154._o the_o pope_n will_v have_v give_v to_o his_o kinsman_n some_o prebendary_n of_o those_o church_n upon_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a commotion_n in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o pope_n have_v notice_n give_v he_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v throw_v into_o the_o rhone_n wherefore_o the_o pope_n send_v they_o away_o private_o rhodano_n rhodano_n for_o all_o this_o the_o court_n leave_v not_o off_o its_o design_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 1253_o the_o same_o pope_n command_v robert_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n a_o man_n in_o those_o time_n famous_a in_o doctrine_n and_o in_o goodness_n that_o he_o shall_v confer_v a_o certain_a benefice_n upon_o the_o genoése_n against_o the_o canon_n which_o appear_v inconvenient_a and_o unjust_a to_o the_o bishop_n he_o answer_v the_o pope_n that_o he_o honour_a apostolical_a command_v conformable_a to_o apostolical_a doctrine_n wherefore_o that_o non_fw-la obstantibus_fw-la be_v a_o deluge_n of_o inconstancy_n a_o breach_n of_o faith_n a_o disturbance_n of_o the_o quietness_n of_o christendom_n that_o it_o be_v a_o grievous_a sin_n to_o defraud_v the_o sheep_n of_o their_o pasture_n that_o the_o apostolical_a see_v have_v all_o power_n to_o edification_n none_o to_o destroy_v 155._o n._n 155._o this_o answer_v receive_v the_o pope_n grow_v wrath_n exceed_o but_o cardinal_n egidius_n a_o spaniard_n be_v a_o prudent_a man_n endeavour_v to_o mitigate_v he_o represent_v to_o he_o that_o to_o proceed_v against_o a_o man_n of_o such_o reputation_n for_o a_o cause_n so_o abhor_v by_o the_o world_n can_v not_o bring_v forth_o a_o good_a effect_n but_o whilst_o the_o pope_n study_v to_o show_v his_o resentment_n robert_n fall_v sick_a and_o to_o the_o end_n of_o his_o life_n hold_v the_o same_o reason_n and_o die_v with_o a_o opinion_n of_o holiness_n and_o it_o be_v fame_v that_o he_o wrought_v miracle_n the_o pope_n hear_v of_o his_o death_n cause_v a_o process_n to_o be_v form_v for_o the_o king_n to_o dis-int_a the_o dead_a man_n corpse_n but_o the_o night_n follow_v in_o a_o vision_n or_o in_o a_o dream_n he_o have_v robert_n in_o pontifical_a robe_n who_o rebuke_v he_o for_o persecute_v his_o memory_n and_o smite_v he_o on_o the_o flank_n with_o the_o butt-end_n of_o his_o crosier-staff_n the_o pope_n awake_v with_o a_o excessive_a pain_n in_o that_o place_n which_o afflict_v he_o unto_o his_o death_n that_o happen_v within_o a_o short_a time_n after_o in_o the_o year_n 1258_o alexander_n the_o four_o excommunicate_v the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n for_o the_o like_a cause_n who_o persevere_v in_o his_o deliberation_n 156._o n._n 156._o endure_v the_o persecution_n with_o much_o patience_n and_o draw_v near_o to_o his_o death_n write_v a_o very_a prudent_a letter_n to_o the_o pape_n exhort_v he_o to_o imitate_v his_o holy_a predecessor_n and_o to_o take_v away_o the_o damageable_a novelty_n from_o the_o church_n and_o from_o his_o own_o soul_n he_o die_v with_o the_o opinion_n of_o a_o saint_n and_o a_o martyr_n in_o these_o time_n it_o be_v likewise_o necessary_a in_o france_n to_o make_v a_o provision_n which_o i_o shall_v relate_v after_o have_v give_v notice_n that_o for_o these_o and_o for_o other_o impediment_n which_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o bishop_n oppose_v against_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o court_n which_o never_o think_v of_o give_v over_o for_o clement_n the_o four_o in_o the_o year_n 1266_o resolve_v to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n whereby_o he_o or_o his_o successor_n may_v declare_v themselves_o to_o be_v absolute_a patron_n in_o all_o the_o collation_n of_o benefice_n throughout_o the_o world_n and_o remove_v the_o necessity_n of_o find_v out_o way_n and_o art_n to_o draw_v the_o collation_n unto_o rome_n and_o make_v a_o bull_n which_o conclude_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o vacanti_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la say_v that_o the_o collation_n of_o they_o by_o a_o ancient_a custom_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o pope_n and_o therefore_o he_o approve_v of_o this_o custom_n and_o will_v it_o to_o be_v observe_v 157._o n._n 157._o but_o to_o conclude_v this_o alone_a so_o much_o a_o hyppothetical_a premium_fw-la can_v do_v in_o say_v that_o although_o the_o plenary_a disposal_n of_o all_o benefice_n hippotetico_n premio_fw-la hippotetico_n belong_v to_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n so_o that_o he_o may_v not_o only_o confer_v they_o when_o they_o become_v vacant_a but_o he_o may_v also_o before_o vacancy_n grant_v a_o right_n for_o the_o acquire_v of_o they_o nevertheless_o the_o ancient_a custom_n have_v more_o especial_o reserve_v the_o vacanti_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la wherefore_o we_o approve_v of_o that_o custom_n if_o the_o pope_n have_v make_v a_o conclude_a edict_n that_o the_o disposal_n of_o all_o benefice_n belong_v to_o he_o the_o world_n will_v have_v stir_v in_o it_o and_o as_o well_o the_o clergyman_n as_o prince_n and_o other_o lay-patron_n will_v have_v declare_v their_o reason_n but_o this_o proposition_n be_v put_v into_o a_o conditional_a without_o a_o conclusion_n go_v on_o easy_o without_o any_o notice_n take_v of_o how_o much_o it_o may_v import_n but_o two_o year_n after_o that_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1268_o without_o have_v any_o respect_n unto_o this_o bull_n 158._o n._n 158._o st._n lewis_n king_n of_o france_n see_v that_o the_o provision_n make_v by_o the_o queen_n regent_n his_o mother_n during_o his_o minority_n and_o during_o his_o absence_n in_o the_o holy_a land_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o remove_v the_o confusion_n introduce_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o benefice_n sanction_n pragmatic_n sanction_n make_v his_o famous_a pragmatic_n wherein_o he_o command_v that_o cathedral_n church_n shall_v have_v their_o election_n free_a and_o the_o monastery_n likewise_o that_o all_o other_o benefice_n shall_v be_v give_v according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o law_n and_o that_o no_o imposition_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n can_v be_v levy_v upon_o benefice_n without_o his_o consent_n and_o the_o church_n of_o his_o kingdom_n this_o holy_a king_n go_v into_o africa_n against_o the_o moor_n and_o his_o death_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1270_o and_o the_o need_v the_o house_n of_o anjou_n have_v of_o the_o pope_n favour_n to_o settle_v his_o kingdom_n in_o naples_n and_o to_o recover_v that_o of_o sicily_n and_o the_o power_n which_o the_o pope_n grant_v to_o the_o king_n of_o impose_v tithe_n under_o pretext_n of_o the_o war_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n be_v cause_n that_o the_o french_a easy_o permit_v the_o court_n of_o rome_n to_o regain_v the_o same_o authority_n 159._o n._n 159._o whereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1398_o boniface_n the_o 8_o place_v the_o constitution_n of_o clement_n in_o the_o decretal_n and_o make_v that_o that_o which_o be_v say_v hyppothetical_o and_o incidental_o become_v the_o principal_a and_o to_o give_v it_o the_o great_a authority_n he_o expose_v under_o the_o name_n of_o clement_n leave_v it_o dubious_a whether_o it_o be_v the_o four_o or_o the_o 3d._n therefore_o now_o in_o some_o copy_n it_o be_v read_v the_o 3d_o in_o other_o the_o four_o for_o which_o cause_n this_o proposition_n be_v give_v to_o be_v believe_v at_o first_o i._n e._n that_o the_o plenary_a disposal_n of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n belong_v to_o the_o pope_n which_o be_v pretend_v to_o be_v mean_v in_o a_o sense_n not_o altogether_o pervert_v which_o be_v that_o the_o pope_n shall_v have_v full_a power_n but_o yet_o 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