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most_o obstinate_a fight_v that_o have_v be_v see_v in_o the_o world_n of_o the_o moor_n there_o be_v 400000_o with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n as_o design_v to_o plant_v in_o france_n the_o number_n of_o the_o christian_n be_v much_o less_o but_o they_o be_v superior_a in_o valour_n discipline_n and_o the_o justice_n of_o their_o cause_n it_o be_v a_o long_a time_n before_o the_o victory_n seem_v to_o incline_v to_o either_o side_n but_o at_o length_n true_a valour_n prevail_v against_o the_o multitude_n the_o slaughter_n be_v incredible_a 370000_o moor_n be_v kill_v and_o among_o they_o abderhaman_n of_o the_o christian_n only_o 1500_o be_v miss_v but_o many_o of_o they_o of_o note_n by_o the_o confession_n of_o martel_n eudo_fw-la signalise_v death_n himself_o particular_o in_o this_o battle_n for_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o it_o as_o have_v be_v before_o agree_v he_o take_v a_o
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the_o earl_n d._n sancho_n and_o king_n alonso_n chap._n ix_o the_o last_o action_n of_o d._n alonso_n king_n of_o leon_n and_o his_o death_n the_o reign_n of_o d._n bermudo_n the_o three_o his_o son_n sancho_n earl_n of_o castille_n poison_n his_o mother_n his_o son_n garcia_n murder_v d._n sancho_n earl_n of_o castille_n desire_v to_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o navarre_n and_o leon_n that_o be_v his_o ally_n enter_v the_o kingdom_n moor_n of_o toledo_n put_v all_o that_o stand_v in_o his_o way_n to_o fire_n and_o sword_n the_o same_o havoc_n be_v make_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o cordova_n whither_o our_o force_n advance_v encourage_v with_o their_o success_n in_o both_o place_n a_o great_a booty_n of_o captive_n and_o cattle_n be_v take_v though_o the_o harm_n be_v great_a much_o more_o be_v the_o terror_n this_o strike_v into_o the_o infidel_n who_o be_v embroil_v in_o civil_a war_n can_v not_o oppose_v the_o 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that_o town_n affirm_v it_o as_o a_o certain_a truth_n they_o add_v that_o the_o earl_n to_o atone_v for_o this_o fault_n and_o allay_v the_o hatred_n the_o people_n have_v conceive_v against_o he_o build_v a_o monastery_n for_o nun_n and_o in_o honour_n of_o his_o mother_n give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o ona_n which_o monastery_n sancho_n the_o great_a king_n of_o navarre_n give_v to_o the_o monk_n of_o cluni_n and_o in_o our_o day_n be_v the_o chief_a in_o that_o country_n d._n sancho_n by_o his_o wife_n da._n vrraca_n have_v d._n garcia_n da._n nuna_n da._n teresa_n and_o da._n trigida_n the_o two_o elder_a daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o great_a man_n trigida_n be_v abbess_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o ona_n about_o the_o same_o time_n d._n sancho_n make_v a_o new_a way_n for_o issue_n stranger_n to_o travel_v to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n through_o navarre_n rioja_n briviesca_n and_o the_o country_n of_o burgos_n before_o this_o time_n the_o christian_a 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by_o the_o three_o elector_n of_o cologne_n saxony_n and_o the_o palatine_a the_o other_o three_o elect_v lewis_n of_o bavaria_n and_o wenceslaus_n king_n of_o bohemia_n join_v with_o they_o this_o last_o overthrow_v his_o competitor_n in_o battle_n and_o take_v he_o prisoner_n at_o this_o time_n andronicus_n a_o wicked_a prince_n be_v emperor_n of_o constantinople_n now_o it_o be_v growth_n also_o that_o the_o turk_n a_o people_n before_o scarce_o know_v begin_v to_o grow_v â—â—mous_a they_o come_v original_o from_o that_o part_n of_o scythia_n next_o the_o river_n volga_n and_o have_v break_v into_o europe_n in_o the_o year_n 700._o be_v overthrow_v by_o the_o hungarian_n and_o retire_v into_o asia_n invite_v by_o the_o richness_n of_o the_o country_n and_o cowardice_n of_o the_o people_n there_o they_o make_v themselves_o strong_a in_o the_o mountain_n which_o for_o a_o long_a time_n defend_v they_o more_o than_o their_o own_o valour_n they_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n famous_a or_o 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asia_n where_o in_o the_o first_o engagement_n they_o slay_v 1000_o turkish_a horse_n and_o 10000_o foot_n then_o advance_v near_o to_o philadelphia_n turb_v they_o fight_v again_o with_o the_o same_o success_n and_o no_o less_o slaughter_n last_o on_o the_o straits_n of_o mount_n taurus_n call_v the_o iron_n gate_n they_o give_v the_o enemy_n a_o three_o overthrow_n nothing_o inferior_a to_o any_o of_o the_o former_a great_a hope_n be_v conceive_v upon_o these_o prosperous_a beginning_n but_o roger_n be_v now_o call_v back_o by_o the_o emperor_n andronicus_n to_o settle_v some_o disorder_n at_o home_n which_o succeed_v according_o berengarius_fw-la entença_fw-la a_o gentleman_n of_o catalonia_n be_v very_o serviceable_a in_o this_o war_n for_o he_o bring_v over_o 300_o horse_n and_o 1000_o foot_n hereupon_o he_o have_v the_o title_n of_o great_a general_n confer_v on_o he_o and_o roger_n be_v salute_v cesar_n which_o be_v the_o high_a dignity_n thus_o far_o thing_n advance_v 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resolve_v to_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o roger_n de_fw-fr brindez_fw-fr sail_v to_o constantinople_n burn_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o coast_n even_o to_o the_o city_n wall_n and_o in_o battle_n defeat_v the_o emperor_n son_n who_o come_v to_o oppose_v he_o at_o this_o time_n a_o fleet_n of_o genoeses_n command_v by_o edwand_n doria_n arâ—â—ed_v in_o those_o part_n and_o under_o show_n of_o friendship_n secure_v the_o catalonian_n fleet_n and_o take_v their_o general_n entenga_n robert_n rocafort_n be_v in_o garrison_n at_o gallipoli_n under_o whosâ—_n conduct_v the_o catalonian_o spoil_v the_o country_n and_o often_o defeat_v the_o greek_n and_o genoeses_n rocafort_n puff_v up_o with_o this_o success_n will_v acknowledge_v no_o superior_a but_o commit_v all_o manner_n of_o crime_n without_o the_o least_o â—â—â—â—osition_n entença_o have_v at_o length_n obtain_v his_o liberty_n return_v to_o catalonia_n where_o sell_v a_o good_a estate_n he_o fit_v out_o avother_n fleet_n and_o go_v back_o again_o to_o greece_n rocafort_v 〈…〉_z to_o acknowledge_v he_o as_o his_o superior_a and_o thereupon_o they_o fall_v at_o variance_n and_o study_v the_o ruin_n of_o one_o another_o frederick_n king_n of_o sicily_n by_o who_o order_n they_o go_v send_v ferdinand_n the_o young_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o majorca_n to_o reconcile_v they_o he_o can_v not_o prevail_v but_o persuade_v they_o since_o the_o country_n about_o gallipoli_n be_v ruin_v they_o shall_v remove_v to_o napoli_n a_o city_n on_o the_o border_n of_o thrace_n and_o macedon_n very_o plentiful_a and_o rich._n by_o the_o way_n the_o themselves_o two_o commander_n fight_v and_o entença_n be_v kill_v with_o many_o other_o prince_n ferdinand_n in_o his_o return_n towards_o sicily_n be_v take_v by_o the_o french_a near_o negropont_n rocafort_n settle_a friendship_n with_o those_o french_a expect_v no_o pardon_n from_o the_o arragonian_n or_o sicilian_n but_o carry_v himself_o haughty_o be_v take_v by_o they_o with_o his_o brother_n and_o deliver_v to_o
oviedo_n which_o reach_v from_o the_o river_n mearo_n and_o town_n of_o ribadeo_n to_o the_o port_n of_o llanes_n moreover_o there_o belong_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n all_o that_o part_n of_o old_a castille_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o wood_n of_o pernia_n and_o the_o river_n carrion_n till_o it_o come_v to_o pisuerga_n and_o fall_v into_o duero_n then_o pass_v duero_n another_o river_n call_v hera_n and_o regamon_n that_o fall_v into_o it_o make_v the_o bound_n of_o this_o kingdom_n last_o a_o line_n draw_v betwixt_o salamanca_n and_o avila_n over_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o the_o border_n of_o portugal_n these_o be_v former_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon._n in_o process_n of_o time_n there_o be_v add_v to_o it_o all_o the_o province_n of_o estremadura_n so_o call_v because_o for_o many_o year_n it_o be_v the_o extreme_a or_o far_a part_n of_o what_o the_o christian_n possess_v sometime_o this_o kingdom_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o merida_n in_o lusitania_n and_o badajoz_n in_o betica_n the_o kingdom_n of_o navarre_n the_o three_o of_o the_o five_o in_o order_n be_v among_o the_o people_n former_o call_v vascones_n this_o kingdom_n on_o one_o side_n be_v bound_v by_o the_o pyrenean_n hill_n and_o part_n of_o that_o which_o run_v to_o cape_n finisterre_n on_o the_o other_o side_n by_o the_o river_n arragon_n or_o arga_n towards_o the_o south_n and_o on_o the_o west_n by_o another_o small_a river_n that_o fall_v into_o ebro_n below_o calahorra_n and_o by_o part_n of_o the_o river_n ebro_n this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o that_o part_n beyond_o ebro_n for_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n possess_v by_o way_n of_o dower_n the_o town_n of_o tudela_n of_o navarre_n and_o other_o place_n adjacent_a though_o this_o kingdom_n be_v small_a and_o so_o ill_o people_v that_o at_o present_v it_o contain_v not_o above_o 40000_o family_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o name_v it_o among_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o spain_n because_o the_o ancient_a vascones_n inhabitant_n thereof_o by_o their_o own_o valour_n without_o any_o assistance_n recover_v that_o country_n from_o the_o moor_n and_o erect_v a_o kingdom_n which_o last_v till_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o father_n and_o often_o so_o enlarge_v their_o territory_n that_o sepulcher_n of_o their_o king_n be_v still_o see_v in_o the_o city_n najara_n and_o in_o many_o place_n far_o distant_a from_o navarre_n be_v still_o the_o monument_n of_o their_o sovereignty_n some_o derive_v this_o word_n navarre_n from_o another_o like_o it_o which_o be_v navaerria_n which_o be_v make_v up_o of_o the_o biscain_n and_o spanish_a language_n signify_v a_o plain_a country_n the_o castilian_n call_v plain_n navas_n the_o cantabri_n call_v the_o land_n erria_n which_o put_v together_o signify_v plain_a land_n this_o be_v a_o witty_a and_o not_o contemptible_a fancy_n we_o in_o this_o history_n call_v the_o people_n and_o kingdom_n of_o navarre_n vascones_n in_o latin_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o six_o part_n or_o liberty_n which_o be_v that_o of_o pamplona_n of_o estela_n of_o tudela_n of_o olite_a and_o of_o sanguessa_n the_o first_o call_v vltrapuertos_n the_o chief_a town_n whereof_o be_v call_v st._n john_n de_fw-fr pie_n de_fw-fr puerto_n be_v the_o only_a one_o that_o remain_v unite_v to_o the_o lordship_n of_o bearn_n the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n be_v divide_v into_o catalonia_n valencia_n and_o arragon_n proper_o so_o call_v on_o the_o south_n east_n and_o north_n it_o be_v encompass_v by_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n that_o part_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n where_o former_o inhabit_v the_o ceretani_fw-la now_o cerdania_n and_o the_o border_n of_o navarre_n on_o the_o west_n it_o be_v divide_v from_o navarre_n by_o the_o river_n ebro_n and_o from_o thence_o forward_o by_o a_o crooked_a line_n draw_v by_o tarraçona_n daroca_n hariça_n tiruel_a xativa_n and_o origuela_n to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n segura_n which_o be_v between_o alicant_n and_o carthagena_n where_o it_o reach_v to_o the_o sea_n and_o part_n the_o dominion_n of_o arragon_n from_o the_o rest_n of_o spain_n the_o people_n of_o arragon_n enjoy_v privilege_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o law_n far_o different_a from_o the_o other_o people_n of_o spain_n most_o tend_v to_o curb_n the_o excessive_a power_n of_o their_o king_n the_o name_n of_o arragon_n be_v derive_v from_o tarraco_n which_o be_v tarragona_n or_o what_o be_v most_o likely_a from_o the_o river_n arragon_n now_o arga_n which_o run_v through_o that_o part_n whence_o first_o the_o border_n of_o this_o kingdom_n begin_v to_o be_v enlarge_v under_o the_o kingdom_n of_o castille_n so_o call_v from_o its_o many_o castle_n and_o which_o be_v not_o only_o the_o large_a but_o most_o fertile_a and_o beautiful_a of_o all_o spain_n and_o inferior_a to_o no_o other_o province_n be_v comprehend_v that_o part_n of_o asturias_n call_v the_o santillana_n and_o all_o cantabria_n former_o a_o small_a province_n as_o not_o reach_v to_o the_o pyrenean_n but_o afterward_o enlarge_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o city_n call_v cantabria_n which_o be_v suppose_v be_v betwixt_o logrono_n and_o viana_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o ebro_n upon_o a_o high_a clift_n to_o this_o day_n call_v cantabria_n beside_o st._n eulogius_n martyr_n speak_v of_o the_o river_n cantaber_n which_o be_v believe_v to_o be_v ega_n or_o ebro_n into_o which_o fall_v the_o river_n arragon_n which_o prove_v that_o cantabria_n be_v once_o large_a than_o ptolemy_n make_v it_o and_o than_o that_o part_n we_o now_o call_v biscay_n be_v the_o lordship_n of_o biscay_n be_v divide_v into_o biscay_n guipuscoa_n alaba_n and_o the_o mountain_n in_o biscay_n which_o stretch_v along_o the_o sea_n from_o portugalete_fw-la to_o hondarroa_n be_v the_o town_n of_o bilbao_n and_o bermeo_n the_o sea-coast_n of_o guipuscoa_n reach_v from_o biscay_n to_o fuenterabia_n within_o its_o liberty_n beside_o st._n sebastian_n and_o the_o port_n of_o guetaria_n be_v salinas_n tolosa_n the_o city_n vitoria_n and_o mondragon_n town_n of_o alaba_n in_o castille_n we_o call_v all_o that_o be_v of_o that_o lordship_n and_o use_v that_o language_n biscainer_n as_o we_o do_v all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n in_o gallia_n belgica_n flemings_n though_o flanders_n be_v but_o a_o small_a part_n of_o that_o dominion_n beside_o this_o the_o kingdom_n of_o castille_n comprehend_v many_o city_n of_o old_a castille_n among_o they_o burgos_n segovia_n avila_n soria_n and_o osma_n the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n be_v also_o part_n of_o it_o and_o be_v now_o call_v new_a castille_n former_o carpetania_n through_o it_o run_v the_o river_n tagus_n the_o most_o note_a of_o spain_n for_o its_o golden_a sand_n the_o sweetness_n of_o the_o water_n fruitfulness_n and_o beauty_n of_o the_o field_n it_o wash_v it_o run_v towards_o the_o west_n but_o turn_v somewhat_o southward_o as_o do_v also_o the_o river_n duero_fw-la guadiana_n and_o guadalquivir_n tagus_n run_v by_o toledo_n a_o city_n seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o spain_n the_o ornament_n and_o fortress_n of_o it_o strong_a by_o nature_n remarkable_a for_o its_o beauty_n and_o the_o wit_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n famous_a for_o its_o zeal_n in_o religion_n and_o learning_n and_o happy_a for_o the_o serenity_n of_o its_o air._n and_o though_o the_o ground_n it_o stand_v on_o be_v barren_a and_o rocky_a it_o be_v abundant_o provide_v from_o the_o neighbour_a country_n the_o river_n almost_o gird_v it_o about_o be_v pen_v in_o betwixt_o two_o high_a mountain_n which_o be_v a_o wonderful_a work_n of_o nature_n only_o on_o the_o north_n side_n there_o be_v leave_v open_a a_o steep_a and_o rough_a way_n into_o the_o city_n beyond_o toledo_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o same_o river_n be_v talavera_n by_o ptolemy_n call_v libora_n a_o populous_a and_o plentiful_a town_n then_o run_v on_o tagus_n cut_v lusitania_n in_o two_o and_o be_v increase_v by_o many_o river_n fall_v into_o the_o sea_n near_o the_o city_n of_o lisbon_n within_o this_o same_o part_n of_o spain_n be_v include_v the_o province_n carthaginensis_n in_o which_o be_v carthago_n spartaria_n now_o call_v carthagena_n murcia_n cuenca_n and_o the_o celtiberi_n who_o metropolis_n be_v numantia_n beside_o the_o mancha_n of_o arragon_n or_o the_o contestani_n moreover_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o castille_n belong_v the_o province_n betica_n now_o andaluzia_n in_o which_o be_v sevil_n cordova_n and_o granada_n former_o iliberis_n or_o at_o least_o iliberis_n be_v very_o near_o it_o as_o appear_v by_o one_o of_o the_o gate_n of_o granada_n to_o this_o day_n call_v elvira_n and_o a_o mountain_n hard_a by_o of_o the_o same_o name_n all_o the_o spaniard_n at_o present_a use_n one_o language_n which_o we_o call_v castillian_a and_o be_v compound_v of_o many_o other_o tongue_n especial_o the_o latin_n which_o appear_v by_o the_o name_n it_o bear_v be_v spain_n call_v romance_n
of_o nabuchadnezzar_n be_v much_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o hebrew_n book_n and_o this_o give_v occasion_n to_o affirm_v that_o many_o town_n in_o andaluzia_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n which_o have_v hebrew_a name_n be_v then_o build_v by_o the_o jew_n that_o be_v in_o his_o army_n among_o those_o place_n be_v reckon_v toledo_n escalona_n noves_fw-la maqueda_n yepes_n and_o other_o of_o less_o note_n which_o they_o say_v take_v their_o name_n from_o ascalon_n nobe_n mageddo_n and_o joppe_n city_n of_o palestine_n call_v toledo_n they_o say_v be_v derive_v from_o toledoth_n which_o in_o hebrew_n signify_v family_n that_o gather_v to_o build_v that_o place_n i_o will_v not_o approve_v or_o reject_v these_o opinion_n but_o only_o note_v that_o no_o ancient_a author_n make_v mention_n of_o any_o such_o thing_n our_o historian_n add_v that_o after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o phoenicians_n and_o return_v of_o the_o babylonian_n the_o phocenses_n inhabitant_n of_o a_o city_n so_o call_v in_o jonia_n of_o the_o lesser_a asia_n tire_v with_o the_o cruelty_n of_o harpalus_n cyrus_n lieutenant_n in_o those_o part_n sail_v to_o italy_n france_n and_o spain_n in_o a_o fleet_n of_o galley_n whereof_o they_o be_v the_o first_o inventor_n these_o people_n land_v first_o in_o italy_n in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o lucania_n now_o call_v basilicata_n opposite_a to_o sicily_n where_o they_o build_v a_o city_n call_v velia_n and_o think_v to_o settle_v but_o the_o air_n be_v unwholesome_a the_o land_n barren_a and_o the_o native_n oppose_v they_o part_v put_v to_o sea_n again_o to_o find_v a_o more_o convenient_a habitation_n have_v touch_v at_o corsica_n they_o pass_v into_o france_n where_o they_o build_v the_o city_n of_o marseilles_n another_o part_n of_o they_o continue_v their_o course_n along_o spain_n and_o beyond_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o straits_n plant_v in_o certain_a island_n call_v aphrodisiae_n opposite_a to_o tarifa_n where_o they_o build_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o greece_n but_o all_o these_o island_n be_v lose_v except_o one_o that_o be_v call_v junonia_n after_o this_o follow_v the_o death_n of_o argantonius_n much_o about_o the_o year_n 200._o after_o the_o building_n of_o rome_n for_o his_o great_a honour_n they_o raise_v a_o magnificent_a sepulchre_n with_o as_o many_o pyramid_n about_o it_o as_o enemy_n he_o have_v slay_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n for_o this_o aristotle_n say_v be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o spaniard_n bury_v their_o dead_a great_a revolution_n happen_v after_o the_o death_n of_o argantonius_n and_o spain_n like_o a_o ship_n without_o spain_n a_o rudder_n or_o pilot_n be_v toss_v by_o every_o wave_n the_o fortune_n of_o war_n at_o first_o variable_a afterward_o whole_o averse_a to_o the_o spaniard_n deprive_v they_o of_o their_o liberty_n the_o come_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n to_o spain_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o these_o mischief_n the_o occasion_n of_o their_o come_n shall_v be_v relate_v the_o phoenicians_n be_v increase_v in_o power_n and_o riches_n return_v to_o spain_n and_o repossess_v themselves_o of_o the_o island_n of_o cadiz_n design_v upon_o the_o first_o opportunity_n that_o shall_v offer_v to_o pass_v over_o into_o the_o continent_n they_o want_v a_o pretence_n and_o think_v none_o so_o good_a as_o that_o of_o religion_n they_o ask_v leave_v of_o the_o native_n to_o erect_v a_o temple_n to_o hercules_n feign_v he_o have_v appear_v and_o order_v they_o so_o to_o do_v have_v by_o this_o fraud_n obtain_v their_o desire_n they_o build_v a_o temple_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o fort_n many_o under_o colour_n of_o devotion_n resort_v thither_o in_o a_o small_a time_n it_o grow_v to_o the_o grandeur_n of_o a_o city_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v stand_v where_o now_o medina_n sidonia_n be_v which_o the_o name_n sidon_n seem_v to_o confirm_v and_o the_o small_a distance_n of_o only_a 16_o mile_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o cadiz_n beside_o this_o they_o become_v master_n of_o other_o small_a town_n some_o build_v by_o themselves_o other_o take_v by_o force_n from_o their_o neighbour_n from_o these_o place_n they_o make_v inroad_n into_o the_o country_n carrying_z away_z man_n and_o cattle_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o city_n turdetum_n which_o stand_v between_o xcre_n and_o arcos_n of_o this_o city_n the_o turdetani_n a_o ancient_a people_n of_o betica_n that_o extend_v from_o the_o river_n guadiana_n to_o the_o ocean_n take_v name_n the_o bastuli_n reach_v from_o tarifa_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a to_o a_o town_n then_o call_v barea_n now_o suppose_v to_o be_v vera._n the_o turduli_n begin_v at_o the_o port_n of_o mnesteus_n now_o port_n st._n marry_o and_o run_v north_n and_o east_n as_o far_o as_o sierra_n morena_n and_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o province_n betica_fw-la livy_n and_o polybius_n make_v the_o turduli_n and_o turdetani_n the_o same_o and_o most_o author_n confound_v the_o limit_n of_o these_o people_n therefore_o it_o will_v be_v needless_a to_o labour_v to_o fix_v their_o bound_n no_o more_o than_o those_o of_o the_o massieni_n selbisii_n curenses_n lignii_n and_o other_o who_o name_n be_v find_v in_o approve_a author_n but_o what_o place_n particular_o they_o inhabit_a can_v not_o be_v assign_v but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n the_o native_n provoke_v by_o the_o wrong_n they_o receive_v from_o the_o phoenicians_n and_o grow_v jealous_a of_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o new_a city_n hold_v a_o great_a consultation_n in_o which_o they_o treat_v of_o the_o injury_n they_o have_v receive_v and_o danger_n that_o may_v ensue_v from_o the_o grow_a power_n of_o those_o strange_n baucius_fw-la capetus_n prince_n of_o the_o turdetani_n be_v there_o present_a he_o take_v upon_o he_o with_o wise_a word_n to_o raise_v their_o droop_a spirit_n and_o do_v it_o so_o spaniard_n effectual_o that_o they_o all_o present_o vote_v the_o war_n against_o the_o phoenicians_n they_o appoint_v officer_n and_o give_v they_o power_n to_o raise_v man_n withal_o recommend_v to_o all_o to_o be_v private_a that_o so_o they_o may_v surprise_n their_o enemy_n to_o baucius_fw-la for_o his_o great_a experience_n and_o the_o love_n all_o the_o people_n bear_v he_o they_o assign_v the_o whole_a management_n of_o the_o war._n thus_o have_v gather_v a_o mighty_a army_n they_o fall_v upon_o the_o phoenicians_n who_o where_o whole_o unprovided_a and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n take_v all_o the_o city_n they_o have_v build_v and_o those_o they_o have_v conquer_a give_v the_o plunder_v of_o all_o their_o riches_n to_o the_o soldier_n the_o city_n medina_n sidonia_n whither_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o phoenicians_n flee_v confide_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o temple_n soon_o follow_v the_o fate_n cadiz_n of_o the_o rest_n and_o all_o within_o it_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n such_o be_v their_o desire_n of_o revenge_n that_o lay_v aside_o all_o thought_n of_o compassion_n and_o zeal_n of_o religion_n they_o fire_v and_o lay_v the_o temple_n level_v with_o the_o ground_n thus_o all_o the_o riches_n they_o have_v be_v many_o year_n heap_v and_o the_o stately_a building_n they_o have_v with_o great_a cost_n erect_v be_v destroy_v and_o nothing_o leave_v the_o phoenicians_n on_o the_o continent_n except_o some_o few_o small_a town_n which_o escape_v unregarded_a and_o not_o because_o they_o can_v make_v any_o opposition_n those_o of_o cadiz_n despair_v of_o accommodation_n with_o the_o native_n find_v they_o must_v either_o resolve_v to_o quit_v spain_n or_o send_v for_o succour_n from_o abroad_o to_o expect_v relief_n from_o tyre_n in_o that_o distress_n be_v too_o tedious_a therefore_o they_o agree_v to_o call_v to_o their_o assistance_n the_o carthaginian_n to_o who_o they_o be_v ally_v as_o descend_v from_o the_o same_o original_a and_o otherwise_o unite_v by_o continual_a commerce_n and_o amity_n the_o ambassador_n be_v admit_v to_o audience_n in_o the_o senate_n lay_v before_o they_o the_o extreme_a danger_n those_o of_o cadiz_n be_v in_o that_o they_o seek_v not_o to_o recover_v what_o they_o have_v lose_v but_o to_o preserve_v carthaginian_n their_o liberty_n and_o life_n that_o the_o opportunity_n they_o have_v so_o long_o desire_v of_o enter_v into_o spain_n now_o offer_v itself_o very_o honourable_a in_o defence_n of_o their_o ally_n and_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o religion_n profane_v in_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o temple_n of_o hercules_n who_o they_o chief_o worship_v the_o senate_n of_o carthage_n bid_v they_o be_v of_o good_a heart_n and_o make_v good_a their_o ground_n till_o a_o sufficient_a fleet_n can_v be_v fit_v out_o to_o be_v send_v to_o their_o relief_n the_o carthaginian_n at_o this_o time_n be_v master_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v great_a fleet_n abroad_o as_o well_o of_o merchant_n as_o ship_n of_o war_n and_o be_v possess_v not_o only_o of_o
the_o province_n betica_n or_o andaluzia_n where_o they_o total_o subvert_v a_o colony_n of_o the_o phocencian_n the_o name_n of_o it_o be_v not_o know_v but_o it_o be_v the_o first_o that_o raise_v the_o commotion_n in_o that_o province_n as_o also_o the_o first_o that_o suffer_v for_o they_o at_o carthage_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o death_n of_o hamilcar_n the_o city_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o edi_n and_o barcini_n about_o name_v he_o a_o successor_n but_o at_o last_o by_o the_o interest_n of_o hannibal_n asdrubal_n be_v appoint_v for_o that_o command_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 524._o asdrubal_n have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o spain_n the_o year_n follow_v return_v to_o carthage_n 524._o hope_v to_o get_v the_o whole_a government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n but_o be_v hamilcar_n disappoint_v be_v glad_a to_o reassume_v his_o command_n in_o spain_n he_o find_v the_o province_n in_o peace_n and_o therefore_o resolve_v to_o build_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o contestani_n on_o the_o sea-coast_n a_o city_n which_o be_v call_v new_a carthage_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o that_o found_v by_o hamilcar_n on_o the_o river_n ebro_n this_o city_n have_v a_o good_a harbour_n secure_v from_o all_o wind_n by_o high_a hill_n which_o encompass_v it_o round_o leave_v only_o a_o narrow_a channel_n to_o pass_v into_o it_o opposite_a to_o which_o be_v a_o small_a island_n first_o call_v herculea_n then_o by_o the_o latin_n scombraria_n of_o a_o certain_a sort_n of_o fish_n whereof_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n thereabouts_o former_o the_o city_n be_v inferior_a to_o none_o for_o the_o strength_n of_o its_o wall_n beauty_n of_o the_o building_n nobility_n and_o riches_n of_o the_o citizen_n at_o present_a it_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o small_a number_n of_o inhabitant_n yet_o retain_v some_o footstep_n of_o its_o grandeur_n and_o be_v call_v carthagena_n the_o roman_n understanding_n what_o be_v do_v in_o spain_n and_o be_v jealous_a of_o the_o carthaginian_n endeavour_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o people_n of_o marseilles_n to_o settle_v some_o alliance_n in_o spain_n it_o be_v no_o difficult_a task_n for_o they_o to_o compass_v their_o design_n all_o the_o people_n be_v jealous_a of_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n ampurias_fw-la be_v the_o first_o city_n that_o make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v seat_v among_o the_o people_n then_o call_v indegetes_n that_o border_v on_o the_o laletani_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o ceretani_fw-la on_o the_o other_o and_o reach_v from_o the_o river_n than_o sameroca_n now_o sambucha_n to_o the_o ryrenean_n hill_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o those_o of_o ampurias_fw-la saguntum_n and_o denia_n come_v into_o the_o league_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o bloody_a war_n that_o soon_o after_o ensue_v between_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n asdrubal_n be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o these_o proceed_n but_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o wink_v at_o they_o till_o all_o thing_n be_v ready_a for_o the_o war_n he_o design_v in_o order_n to_o which_o though_o with_o much_o difficulty_n he_o obtain_v of_o the_o senate_n to_o send_v hannibal_n into_o spain_n at_o his_o arrival_n the_o soldier_n and_o his_o friend_n receive_v he_o with_o great_a demonstration_n of_o joy_n and_o asdrubal_n declare_v he_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o the_o year_n after_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n 528._o at_o this_o time_n come_v into_o spain_n ambassador_n from_o rome_n who_o propose_v that_o whereas_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n 528._o be_v friend_n and_o confederate_n and_o that_o there_o be_v of_o late_a alliance_n between_o the_o say_a roman_n and_o some_o of_o the_o people_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la therefore_o to_o prevent_v all_o misunderstanding_n and_o that_o neither_o may_v encroach_v upon_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o other_o the_o river_n ebro_n shall_v be_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a province_n and_o that_o notwithstanding_o saguntum_n be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o that_o river_n they_o shall_v not_o intrude_v upon_o their_o liberty_n in_o fine_a that_o none_o shall_v offer_v any_o wrong_n to_o the_o friend_n and_o ally_n of_o the_o other_o this_o embassy_n be_v very_o ungrateful_a to_o the_o carthaginian_n think_v it_o too_o great_a a_o presumption_n in_o the_o roman_n to_o give_v law_n to_o the_o conqueror_n in_o their_o own_o province_n however_o they_o think_v fit_a to_o submit_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o time_n till_o they_o be_v better_o provide_v to_o carry_v on_o a_o war_n and_o therefore_o agree_v to_o all_o the_o ambassador_n demand_v and_o the_o more_o because_o they_o understand_v the_o gaul_n have_v be_v defeat_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o 40000_o of_o they_o slay_v in_o the_o battle_n beside_o 10000_o take_v the_o ambassador_n be_v go_v asdrubal_n spend_v three_o year_n in_o provide_v all_o necessary_n for_o the_o war_n he_o design_v but_o death_n put_v a_o stop_n to_o his_o proceed_n for_o he_o be_v kill_v by_o a_o slave_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o master_n who_o name_n be_v tagus_n a_o noble_a 532._o spaniard_n that_o have_v be_v slay_v by_o asdrubal_n the_o second_o year_n of_o the_o 139_o olympiad_n and_o 532._o of_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n so_o great_a be_v the_o satisfaction_n this_o slave_n receive_v in_o kill_v of_o asdrubal_n at_o the_o altar_n as_o he_o be_v offer_v sacrifice_n that_o though_o he_o be_v take_v and_o put_v to_o exquisite_a torment_n he_o never_o express_v the_o least_o sense_n of_o pain_n but_o bear_v all_o with_o a_o cheerful_a and_o smile_a countenance_n chap._n iii_o the_o beginning_n progress_n and_o end_n of_o the_o saguntine_n war_n with_o the_o utter_a extirpation_n of_o that_o city_n asdrubal_n be_v slay_v as_o above_o the_o government_n of_o spain_n by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n be_v confer_v upon_o his_o brother-in-law_n spain_n hannibal_n he_o be_v then_o in_o the_o prime_n of_o his_o youth_n be_v 26_o year_n of_o age_n of_o great_a courage_n and_o resolution_n endow_v with_o excellent_a natural_a part_n but_o no_o less_o incline_v to_o vice_n of_o body_n hardy_a as_o inure_v to_o labour_n his_o mind_n generous_a and_o more_o covetous_a of_o honour_n than_o ease_n his_o boldness_n be_v extraordinary_a his_o prudence_n and_o secrecy_n nothing_o inferior_a all_o these_o virtue_n be_v darken_v by_o his_o treachery_n cruelty_n and_o irreligion_n yet_o be_v he_o esteem_v and_o general_o belove_v by_o all_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o government_n and_o fear_v lest_o death_n shall_v cut_v he_o off_o as_o have_v happen_v to_o asdrubal_n his_o only_a study_n be_v how_o to_o carry_v on_o a_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o find_v some_o colour_n and_o pretence_n and_o therefore_o he_o resolve_v first_o to_o break_v with_o saguntum_n to_o revenge_v some_o injury_n do_v to_o his_o ally_n before_o he_o enter_v upon_o this_o great_a undertake_n he_o think_v fit_a to_o celebrate_v his_o nuptial_n with_o himilce_a a_o native_a of_o castulon_n than_o a_o noble_a city_n where_o now_o stand_v the_o poor_a cottage_n of_o cazlona_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n baeza_n where_o be_v still_o some_o footstep_n of_o its_o greatness_n this_o lady_n be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o milico_n a_o ancient_a king_n of_o spain_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o cyrrheus_fw-la the_o phocensian_a from_o who_o also_o she_o be_v descend_v have_v found_v that_o city_n and_o give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o his_o mother_n castulona_n her_o dower_n be_v very_o great_a and_o the_o power_n of_o hannibal_n hereby_o much_o increase_v because_o the_o people_n look_v upon_o he_o as_o their_o countryman_n and_o friend_n in_o his_o time_n also_o and_o by_o his_o order_n be_v discover_v several_a mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v call_v hannibal_n well_n we_o may_v guess_v at_o the_o treasure_n these_o mine_n yield_v by_o one_o of_o they_o call_v bebelus_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v record_v there_o be_v daily_o take_v 300_o pound_n weight_n of_o pure_a silver_n hannibal_n first_o war_n be_v against_o the_o carpetani_n that_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n a_o fierce_a and_o warlike_a nation_n and_o which_o in_o number_n of_o man_n exceed_v any_o other_o in_o spain_n of_o these_o the_o olcades_n where_o now_o ocana_n stand_v though_o stephanus_n place_v they_o near_o the_o river_n ebro_n be_v the_o first_o subdue_v then_o near_o unto_o tagus_n be_v fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n in_o which_o the_o native_n be_v defeat_v at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o arise_v difference_n among_o the_o people_n of_o saguntum_n which_o serve_v to_o make_v way_n for_o their_o enemy_n who_o let_v slip_v no_o opportunity_n to_o quell_v these_o tumult_n the_o wise_a sort_n have_v recourse_n to_o rome_n whence_o at_o their_o
grant_v only_o that_o the_o townsman_n may_v depart_v with_o their_o wear_a apparel_n and_o build_v a_o town_n where_o the_o conqueror_n shall_v appoint_v he_o return_v not_o despair_v that_o such_o hard_a term_n will_v be_v admit_v by_o the_o besiege_a alorcus_n a_o spaniard_n that_o serve_v in_o hannibal_n army_n take_v compassion_n of_o the_o saguntines_n by_o who_o he_o have_v before_o be_v well_o entertain_v get_v into_o the_o town_n and_o take_z aside_o some_o of_o the_o principal_a man_n begin_v to_o advise_v they_o to_o make_v a_o virtue_n of_o necessity_n and_o accept_v of_o hard_a term_n rather_o than_o expose_v themselves_o to_o certain_a destruction_n this_o discourse_n of_o alorcus_n be_v receive_v with_o great_a indignation_n of_o the_o commonalty_n which_o gather_v to_o hear_v what_o he_o have_v to_o offer_v and_o many_o of_o they_o bring_v out_o their_o gold_n silver_n and_o other_o riches_n into_o the_o marketplace_n set_v fire_n to_o it_o and_o then_o cast_v their_o wife_n child_n and_o last_o themselves_o into_o the_o flame_n at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o tower_n which_o have_v long_o sustain_v batter_v fall_v down_o and_o give_v a_o open_a way_n for_o the_o enemy_n to_o enter_v the_o city_n than_o all_o on_o fire_n kindle_v by_o the_o citizen_n themselves_o destroy_v whilst_o the_o soldier_n endeavour_v to_o quench_v it_o such_o be_v the_o chance_n of_o war_n that_o it_o invert_v the_o very_a law_n of_o nature_n all_o the_o inhabitant_n without_o any_o regard_n of_o sex_n or_o age_n be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n many_o of_o they_o to_o avoid_v captivity_n run_v upon_o their_o enemy_n weapon_n other_o set_v fire_n to_o their_o house_n be_v burn_v in_o they_o few_o be_v take_v and_o those_o the_o best_a part_n of_o the_o soldier_n booty_n though_o some_o plunder_n be_v send_v to_o carthage_n for_o the_o townsman_n can_v not_o burn_v all_o this_o siege_n last_v eight_o month_n and_o that_o most_o noble_a city_n be_v destroy_v in_o may_n and_o the_o 536th_o year_n of_o rome_n some_o say_v 534_o but_o all_o agree_v it_o be_v when_o publius_n cornelius_n 536._o and_o titus_n sempronius_z be_v consul_n chap._n iu._n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_a war._n hannibal_n march_v through_o france_n into_o italy_n some_o of_o his_o action_n there_o and_o of_o the_o scipio_n be_v in_o spain_n the_o news_n of_o the_o destruction_n of_o saguntum_n and_o the_o ambassador_n that_o have_v be_v send_v to_o hannibal_n and_o go_v from_o he_o to_o carthage_n come_v to_o rome_n at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o the_o unspeakable_a carthage_n grief_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n hereupon_o war_n be_v immediate_o declare_v against_o carthage_n and_o all_o thing_n with_o diligence_n provide_v for_o the_o carry_v of_o it_o on_o nevertheless_o five_o ambassador_n be_v send_v to_o carthage_n to_o know_v whether_o saguntum_n have_v be_v destroy_v by_o authority_n of_o that_o senate_n but_o receive_v no_o satisfactory_a answer_n they_o pass_v over_o into_o spain_n where_o they_o draw_v to_o their_o side_n the_o bargusii_n a_o people_n in_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o spain_n near_o the_o ceretani_fw-la but_o be_v reject_v by_o the_o volciani_n and_o upbraid_v with_o their_o neglect_n of_o saguntum_n these_o volciani_n be_v doubtless_o near_a about_o that_o same_o part_n of_o the_o country_n though_o some_o will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v about_o villadolce_fw-mi not_o far_o from_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o river_n guerva_n which_o town_n they_o say_v be_v former_o call_v volce_fw-mi this_o answer_n be_v spread_v abroad_o all_o the_o other_o city_n thereabouts_o dismiss_v they_o with_o the_o like_a scorn_n thence_o they_o pass_v over_o into_o gallia_n narbonensis_n where_o in_o a_o great_a assembly_n they_o demand_v of_o those_o people_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o senate_n of_o rome_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o give_v passage_n to_o hannibal_n into_o italy_n through_o their_o country_n but_o be_v no_o better_o receive_v here_o than_o they_o have_v be_v in_o spain_n thus_o without_o any_o success_n in_o their_o negotiation_n they_o return_v by_o the_o way_n of_o marseilles_n to_o rome_n hannibal_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o have_v dismiss_v his_o soldier_n with_o leave_n to_o return_v to_o their_o house_n provide_v they_o all_o meet_v again_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o spring_n at_o carthagena_n he_o himself_o go_v to_o cadiz_n to_o offer_v his_o vow_n to_o hercules_n send_v away_o his_o wife_n and_o son_n into_o africa_n or_o to_o castulon_n next_o he_o gather_v 13000_o spanish_a foot_n call_v cetrati_n of_o the_o target_n they_o use_v 1500_o horse_n and_o 800_o mallorquin_n who_o he_o send_v to_o carthage_n and_o in_o return_n in_o the_o same_o fleet_n come_v from_o thence_o 11000_o african_n to_o which_o he_o join_v 800_o ligurians_fw-la and_o give_v they_o to_o his_o brother_n asdrubal_n for_o defence_n of_o spain_n beside_o he_o leave_v he_o a_o sufficient_a fleet_n to_o secure_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n all_o the_o hostage_n give_v by_o the_o city_n which_o be_v son_n of_o the_o principal_a man_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o saguntum_n under_o the_o care_n of_o a_o noble_a carthaginian_a call_v bostar_n when_o all_o thing_n be_v dispose_v according_a to_o his_o mind_n he_o set_v forward_o with_o a_o army_n compose_v of_o several_a nation_n in_o which_o be_v 90000_o foot_n and_o 12000_o horse_n polybius_n assign_v a_o much_o less_o number_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n ebro_n he_o gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o a_o spaniard_n of_o the_o great_a note_n in_o those_o part_n call_v andubal_n with_o he_o he_o rome_n leave_v all_o the_o heavy_a baggage_n of_o the_o army_n that_o they_o may_v be_v the_o fit_a for_o so_o long_a a_o march_n and_o hanno_n be_v appoint_v with_o a_o good_a body_n of_o man_n to_o stay_v and_o secure_v that_o country_n be_v enter_v upon_o the_o pyrenean_n 3000_o of_o the_o carpetani_n or_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n desert_v he_o which_o he_o not_o dare_v to_o punish_v for_o fear_n of_o offend_v the_o other_o voluntary_o dismiss_v 7000_o more_o that_o seem_v to_o go_v against_o their_o will_n by_o this_o policy_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v persuade_v the_o first_o have_v be_v also_o free_o dismiss_v and_o that_o they_o may_v all_o have_v leave_n to_o return_v home_o whensoever_o they_o please_v thus_o he_o pass_v on_o through_o all_o france_n but_o what_o he_o do_v there_o and_o in_o italy_n do_v not_o appertain_v to_o this_o history_n this_o same_o year_n spain_n be_v very_o prodigy_n plentiful_a of_o corn_n and_o all_o provision_n but_o very_o sickly_a there_o be_v plague_n earthquake_n storm_n at_o sea_n and_o apparition_n of_o army_n fight_v in_o the_o sky_n certain_a omen_n of_o the_o evil_n that_o follow_v this_o war._n hannibal_n be_v march_v into_o italy_n there_o overthrow_v the_o roman_n in_o two_o battle_n at_o ticinus_n and_o at_o trebia_n mean_a while_n cneius_n scipio_n pass_v through_o france_n into_o spain_n where_o at_o his_o first_o come_v he_o subdue_v all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o province_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o lacetani_n and_o spain_n cape_n creus_n to_o the_o river_n ebro_n those_o people_n easy_o submit_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o ill_n will_v they_o bear_v the_o carthaginian_n the_o roman_a fleet_n wintered_a near_o tarragona_n i_o suppose_v in_o the_o port_n of_o salu_n which_o rufus_n festus_n call_v solorius_n four_a miles_n west_n of_o that_o city_n scipio_n still_o advance_v meet_v hanno_n who_o as_o be_v say_v hannibal_n have_v leave_v to_o govern_v the_o province_n both_o side_n be_v eager_a to_o fight_n they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n near_o a_o town_n then_o call_v cysso_n suppose_v to_o be_v now_o sisso_n or_o salde_n the_o victory_n fall_v to_o the_o roman_n who_o slay_v 6000_o of_o their_o enemy_n take_v 2000_o carthaginian_n prisoner_n and_o among_o they_o hanno_n and_o anubal_n who_o as_o be_v say_v have_v take_v part_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n but_o so_o wound_v that_o in_o a_o few_o day_n he_o die_v asdrubal_n who_o be_v march_v to_o join_v hanno_n hear_v of_o this_o defeat_n turn_v off_o short_a towards_o the_o sea_n where_o he_o slay_v many_o of_o the_o roman_a seaman_n by_o surprise_n and_o then_o with_o the_o same_o celerity_n for_o fear_v of_o meet_v the_o roman_a army_n that_o be_v in_o pursuit_n of_o he_o repassed_a the_o river_n ebro_n and_o march_v his_o army_n consist_v of_o 8000_o foot_n and_o 1000_o horse_n into_o place_n of_o safety_n from_o ampurdan_n whither_o he_o be_v go_v after_o the_o flight_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n scipio_n be_v force_v to_o return_v back_o upon_o the_o ilergetes_n or_o people_n about_o lerida_n for_o that_o after_o his_o departure_n they_o be_v revolt_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v come_v among_o they_o he_o pardon_v all_o
at_o bigerra_n but_o be_v at_o last_v themselves_o vanquish_v and_o slay_v about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o tartessii_n upon_o the_o straight_a of_o gibraltar_n a_o fierce_a and_o resolute_a people_n take_v arm_n choose_v one_o galbo_n for_o their_o leader_n and_o seize_v the_o city_n asena_n spaniard_n where_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v lay_v up_o much_o corn_n and_o provision_n asdrubal_n soon_o quell_v these_o commotion_n and_o understand_v by_o letter_n from_o carthage_n that_o he_o be_v order_v to_o pass_v over_o into_o italy_n to_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o brother_n hannibal_n this_o command_n be_v no_o way_n please_v to_o he_o and_o give_v occasion_n to_o many_o to_o take_v part_n with_o the_o roman_n but_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o obey_v himilco_n the_o son_n of_o bomilcar_n be_v appoint_v his_o successor_n to_o he_o he_o disclose_v the_o secret_n of_o the_o province_n advise_v he_o in_o what_o manner_n he_o be_v to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n and_o have_v make_v great_a levy_n of_o man_n and_o gather_v much_o money_n to_o pay_v they_o he_o set_v forward_o with_o his_o army_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 539._o the_o two_o scipio_n foresee_v the_o danger_n their_o country_n will_v be_v in_o if_o asdrubal_n pass_v into_o italy_n which_o will_v be_v oppress_v with_o two_o army_n and_o 539._o be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o oppose_v one_o resolve_v to_o stop_v or_o at_o least_o divert_v he_o by_o fall_v upon_o those_o people_n that_o side_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n to_o this_o purpose_n they_o lay_v siege_n to_o iberia_n a_o city_n near_o the_o river_n iberus_n or_o ebro_n from_o which_o it_o take_v name_n but_o asdrubal_n have_v timely_o fortify_v it_o and_o then_o sit_v down_o before_o another_o town_n that_o be_v in_o alliance_n with_o the_o roman_n which_o oblige_v they_o to_o quit_v their_o enterprise_n and_o come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o their_o friend_n both_o army_n draw_v together_o there_o happen_v several_a skirmish_n till_o at_o last_o the_o signal_n be_v give_v the_o main_a body_n meet_v with_o great_a fury_n and_o resolution_n they_o fight_v as_o if_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n have_v depend_v upon_o the_o success_n of_o that_o battle_n but_o the_o roman_n in_o parcular_a spain_n signalise_v themselves_o as_o if_o they_o have_v stand_v under_o the_o wall_n and_o before_o the_o gate_n of_o rome_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o force_v their_o enemy_n to_o give_v way_n and_o gain_v a_o absolute_a victory_n the_o first_o that_o flee_v be_v the_o spainards_n who_o for_o the_o hatred_n they_o bear_v the_o carthaginian_n who_o will_v force_v they_o upon_o a_o expedition_n so_o far_o from_o their_o country_n be_v more_o inclinable_a to_o the_o roman_n the_o carthaginian_n and_o african_n thus_o forsake_v be_v slaughter_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n the_o horse_n and_o elephant_n escape_v best_a and_o asdrubal_n with_o a_o very_a few_o get_v into_o carthagena_n the_o news_n of_o this_o victory_n be_v receive_v with_o great_a joy_n at_o rome_n not_o so_o much_o for_o the_o victory_n itself_o as_o because_o it_o hinder_v asdrubal_n from_o pass_v into_o italy_n this_o year_n be_v fatal_a to_o spain_n for_o scarcity_n and_o a_o plague_n which_o destroy_v multitude_n and_o among_o plague_n they_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o the_o wife_n and_o son_n of_o hannibal_n for_o this_o reason_n the_o roman_a senate_n send_v provision_n to_o their_o army_n in_o spain_n and_o for_o this_o purpose_n borrow_a money_n of_o the_o merchant_n because_o the_o treasury_n be_v exhaust_v asdrubal_n defeat_n be_v know_v at_o carthage_n mago_n the_o brother_n of_o hannibal_n be_v order_v for_o spain_n with_o the_o fleet_n he_o have_v in_o readiness_n to_o have_v pass_v into_o italy_n he_o arrive_v at_o carthagena_n with_o 60_o galley_n and_o 12000_o man_n in_o they_o where_o he_o find_v himilco_n who_o come_v not_o long_o before_o with_o succour_n from_o carthage_n mago_n arrival_n cause_v a_o great_a alteration_n of_o affair_n for_o they_o who_o after_o their_o defeat_n have_v scarce_o any_o place_n of_o safety_n dare_v now_o take_v the_o field_n they_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n illiturgum_n which_o have_v before_o belong_v to_o they_o and_o be_v revolt_v to_o the_o enemy_n place_v their_o army_n of_o 60000_o man_n about_o it_o in_o three_o body_n the_o two_o scipio_n desire_v to_o relieve_v it_o move_v thither_o with_o a_o convoy_n of_o provision_n guard_v by_o 16000_o men._n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o carthaginian_n advance_v to_o prevent_v their_o design_n and_o the_o roman_n not_o flinch_v they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n in_o which_o not_o only_o asdrubal_n but_o mago_n and_o himilco_n who_o come_v to_o his_o aid_n be_v defeat_v the_o slaughter_n be_v great_a than_o the_o number_n of_o the_o conqueror_n 3000_o horse_n be_v take_v and_o 1000_o horse_n more_o in_o the_o camp_n beside_o five_o elephant_n kill_v after_o this_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v gather_v and_o recruit_v their_o force_n attack_v a_o town_n call_v incibile_n 7_o mile_n west_n of_o tortosa_n which_o the_o roman_n come_v to_o relieve_v there_o ensue_v another_o fight_n in_o which_o 3000_o of_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v slay_v and_o as_o many_o take_v beside_o that_o among_o the_o dead_a be_v himilco_n a_o officer_n rout_v of_o great_a esteem_n some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o incibile_n be_v that_o which_o be_v now_o call_v cheloa_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o valencia_n iliturgum_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v andujar_n in_o andaluzia_n or_o lietor_n a_o town_n not_o far_o from_o alcaraz_n this_o happen_v in_o autumn_n when_o the_o news_n that_o come_v from_o rome_n add_v no_o small_a joy_n to_o the_o success_n in_o spain_n it_o be_v that_o hannibal_n have_v be_v defeat_v at_o nola_n by_o marcus_n marcellus_n that_o 2000_o spaniard_n have_v desert_v he_o that_o asdrubal_n surname_v the_o bald_a pass_v from_o italy_n into_o africa_n be_v rout_v and_o take_v by_o t._n manlius_n torquatus_n in_o sardinia_n and_o that_o hierom_n the_o grandson_n of_o hieron_n have_v succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o syracuse_n the_o two_o scipio_n encourage_v by_o these_o news_n resolve_v to_o take_v the_o field_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o wether_n will_v permit_v and_o therefore_o present_o put_v their_o soldier_n into_o quarter_n resolve_v to_o winter_n themselves_o at_o tarragona_n during_o which_o time_n the_o wall_n of_o that_o city_n be_v finish_v as_o appear_v by_o a_o inscription_n on_o a_o stone_n which_o be_v preserve_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n alonso_n xi_o king_n of_o castille_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o his_o history_n tarragona_n be_v seat_v on_o a_o small_a plain_n which_o be_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o round_a hillock_n steep_a of_o ascent_n the_o sea_n within_o a_o stone_n throw_v of_o the_o foot_n of_o it_o that_o side_n of_o it_o towards_o the_o east_n very_o rocky_a and_o uncouth_a on_o the_o west_n run_v a_o fruitful_a plain_n above_o 40_o mile_n in_o length_n cover_v with_o vine_n olive_n and_o quince-tree_n abound_v in_o cattle_n and_o corn_n enough_o to_o maintain_v the_o inhabitant_n a_o mile_n from_o this_o city_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o those_o field_n run_v a_o river_n now_o call_v francolin_n former_o tulcis_n who_o water_n be_v more_o useful_a for_o work_v of_o hemp_n and_o flax_n whereof_o there_o be_v plenty_n than_o for_o drink_v now_o whereas_o before_o that_o time_n there_o be_v great_a scarcity_n of_o sweet_a water_n in_o this_o city_n the_o scipio_n after_o the_o roman_a manner_n make_v a_o high_a aqueduct_v which_o convey_v part_n of_o the_o river_n gaya_n into_o it_o though_o 16_o mile_n distant_a this_o aqueduct_v be_v demolish_v as_o florian_n say_v by_o the_o people_n of_o germany_n that_o make_v war_n in_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 266._o and_o the_o city_n suffer_v much_o again_o for_o want_v of_o water_n till_o in_o the_o time_n of_o our_o grandfather_n they_o dig_v a_o deep_a well_o which_o plentiful_o supply_v the_o native_n who_o in_o our_o day_n amount_v to_o the_o number_n of_o about_o 700_o family_n the_o space_n within_o the_o wall_n be_v capable_a of_o contain_v about_o 2000_o house_n and_o no_o more_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o winter_n over_o in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 540._o then_o the_o two_o brother_n 540._o mago_n and_o asdrubal_n gather_v all_o the_o force_n they_o can_v of_o stranger_n and_o native_n take_v the_o field_n with_o a_o resolution_n to_o use_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o drive_v the_o roman_n out_o of_o all_o the_o province_n of_o spain_n call_v vlterior_fw-la or_o the_o far_o whereof_o they_o possess_v a_o great_a part_n publius_n scipio_n the_o better_a to_o oppose_v their_o design_n pass_v the_o river_n ebro_n break_v in_o upon_o the_o vectones_n and_o plant_v his_o camp_n near_o a_o
their_o riches_n the_o number_n of_o the_o citizen_n be_v small_a not_o exceed_v 4000_o man_n fit_a to_o bear_v arm_n other_o double_v this_o number_n their_o manner_n of_o life_n be_v constant_o enure_v to_o labour_n make_v they_o hardy_a and_o bold_a they_o be_v courageous_a in_o undertake_v a_o war_n and_o prudent_a in_o manage_v of_o it_o sempronius_n gracchus_n when_o he_o govern_v spain_n make_v peace_n with_o the_o numantian_o and_o other_o neighbour_a people_n upon_o these_o article_n that_o they_o shall_v neither_o found_v nor_o fortify_v only_a town_n or_o erect_v fort_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n gracchus_n of_o rome_n that_o they_o shall_v pay_v their_o tribute_n at_o such_o time_n and_o place_n as_o shall_v be_v appoint_v and_o that_o they_o shall_v repair_v to_o the_o roman_a standard_n whensoever_o call_v upon_o among_o the_o arevaci_n be_v also_o another_o city_n call_v segeda_n 40_o furlong_n in_o compass_n appianus_n place_n it_o in_o the_o extremity_n of_o celtiberia_n among_o the_o beli_n perhaps_o where_o be_v now_o the_o city_n osma_n this_o city_n and_o the_o neighbour_a place_n private_o make_v a_o league_n and_o begin_v to_o fortify_v and_o provide_v themselves_o for_o war_n have_v receive_v command_v from_o the_o roman_a senate_n to_o desist_v from_o those_o preparation_n to_o pay_v their_o tribute_n and_o repair_v to_o the_o roman_a camp_n they_o still_o delay_v time_n upon_o several_a pretence_n and_o frame_v excuse_n hence_o spring_v that_o war_n in_o which_o numantia_n as_o be_v near_o and_o ally_v to_o they_o be_v also_o involve_v and_o the_o roman_n fear_v unless_o speedy_o remedy_v that_o evil_o may_v grow_v to_o a_o great_a head_n have_v immediate_o recourse_n to_o arms._n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o against_o the_o roman_n in_o lusitania_n by_o cesaro_n who_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n have_v take_v upon_o he_o to_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o liberty_n and_o be_v 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one_o carus_n a_o man_n of_o great_a experience_n in_o warlike_a affair_n this_o man_n think_v to_o perform_v some_o remarkable_a act_n whereby_o he_o may_v at_o first_o gain_v reputation_n lay_v a_o ambush_n for_o the_o consul_n who_o be_v march_v with_o 30000_o men._n his_o design_n succeed_v so_o far_o that_o he_o slay_v 6000_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n but_o pursue_v his_o victory_n too_o far_o the_o roman_a horse_n who_o be_v in_o the_o rear_n come_v up_o kill_v he_o and_o make_v great_a havoc_n among_o his_o men._n this_o battle_n be_v fight_v on_o the_o 29_o of_o august_n on_o the_o day_n the_o roman_n celebrate_v the_o feast_n of_o vulcan_n call_v vulcanalia_fw-la so_o great_a be_v the_o dread_a conceive_v on_o both_o side_n that_o for_o several_a day_n they_o avoid_v meet_v one_o another_o on_o the_o same_o night_n the_o arevaci_n meet_v at_o numantia_n which_o be_v near_o the_o field_n of_o battle_n and_o there_o instead_o of_o carus_n choose_v 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like_a disorder_v the_o roman_a battle_n and_o kill_v all_o that_o stand_v in_o their_o way_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o numantian_o lay_v hold_n of_o this_o opportunity_n rally_v and_o drive_v the_o roman_n into_o their_o camp_n of_o the_o latter_a 4000_o be_v kill_v in_o two_o engagement_n of_o the_o former_a 2000_o not_o far_o off_o be_v a_o city_n call_v axenia_n a_o place_n axenia_n much_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n after_o the_o battle_n the_o consul_n think_v to_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o that_o city_n but_o be_v repulse_v with_o great_a loss_n and_o shame_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o these_o defeat_v the_o city_n ocile_n where_o the_o roman_n lay_v up_o magazine_n and_o leave_v their_o baggage_n revolt_a to_o the_o celtiberi_fw-la the_o consul_n terrify_v hereat_o and_o fear_v leave_v other_o place_n may_v follow_v the_o example_n fortify_v his_o camp_n near_o numantia_n and_o winter_a there_o with_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n through_o the_o violent_a cold_a and_o want_v of_o provision_n this_o be_v what_o happen_v in_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la in_o the_o vlterior_fw-la at_o the_o same_o time_n mummius_n wage_v war_n with_o the_o lusitani_n at_o first_o with_o various_a event_n but_o in_o the_o conclusion_n with_o success_n in_o the_o first_o fight_v the_o roman_n pursue_v the_o enemy_n too_o violent_o give_v a_o opportunity_n to_o cesaro_n to_o rally_v and_o wrest_v the_o victory_n out_o of_o their_o hand_n of_o the_o roman_n 10000_o be_v slay_v their_o camp_n take_v and_o the_o lusitanian_o show_v their_o booty_n in_o all_o part_n as_o trophy_n of_o their_o valour_n success_n make_v they_o lusitanian_o negligent_a and_o mummius_n who_o be_v retire_v with_o about_o 5000_o man_n take_v the_o advantage_n fall_v upon_o they_o as_o they_o be_v celebrate_v feast_n for_o joy_n of_o their_o victory_n easy_o put_v they_o to_o the_o rout_n and_o recover_v several_a colour_n he_o have_v lose_v before_o cesaro_n it_o seem_v die_v in_o this_o rencounter_n for_o in_o his_o stead_n be_v choose_v cantheneus_n who_o take_v cunistorgis_n a_o city_n belong_v to_o the_o roman_n among_o the_o cunii_n in_o that_o part_n of_o andaluzia_n where_o now_o niebla_n stand_v thence_o he_o march_v to_o cadiz_n and_o so_o with_o part_n of_o the_o army_n over_o into_o africa_n that_o part_n which_o remain_v be_v in_o several_a battle_n weaken_v by_o mummius_n and_o at_o last_o a_o body_n of_o they_o cut_v off_o so_o entire_o there_o be_v not_o one_o leave_v to_o carry_v home_o the_o news_n thus_o the_o lusitani_n be_v subdue_v and_o bring_v under_o command_n for_o which_o the_o year_n follow_v 602._o mummius_n obtain_v a_o 602._o triumph_n at_o rome_n m._n claudius_n marcellus_n be_v send_v with_o 8000_o foot_n and_o 500_o horse_n to_o succeed_v fulvius_n fulvius_n the_o government_n of_o hispania_n vlterior_fw-la be_v give_v to_o marcus_n atilius_n the_o first_o thing_n marcellus_n undertake_v be_v to_o reduce_v the_o city_n ocile_n which_o have_v compass_v though_o their_o crime_n be_v great_a he_o will_v not_o destroy_v it_o but_o cause_v they_o to_o give_v hostage_n and_o pay_v 30_o talent_n for_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o war._n not_o far_o from_o thence_o be_v nertobriga_n as_o may_v be_v guesed_a by_o ptolemy_n little_a distant_a from_o tarragona_n and_o calatayud_n ambassador_n come_v fromt_v hence_o offer_v up_o the_o town_n to_o the_o consul_n he_o order_v they_o to_o send_v he_o 100_o horse_n afterward_o because_o some_o few_o of_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o baggage_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o his_o army_n he_o will_v admit_v of_o no_o excuse_n but_o sell_v their_o horseman_n destroy_v the_o country_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n they_o again_o send_v ambassador_n excuse_v themselves_o show_v they_o have_v be_v sufficient_o punish_v and_o pray_v they_o may_v not_o be_v force_v to_o desperate_a course_n still_o the_o consul_n persit_v he_o will_v not_o hearken_v
portugal_n give_v viriatus_n a_o great_a overthrow_n but_o he_o gather_v his_o force_n return_v upon_o he_o with_o such_o vigour_n that_o the_o victor_n have_v receive_v much_o damage_n though_o it_o be_v the_o middle_n of_o autumn_n be_v glad_a to_o retire_v to_o cordova_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v winter_n where_o they_o fortify_v themselves_o without_o take_v any_o care_n of_o the_o spaniard_n their_o confederate_n or_o the_o other_o roman_n who_o be_v in_o weak_a garrison_n and_o leave_v expose_v to_o eminent_a danger_n metellus_n subdue_v the_o celtiberi_fw-la pliny_n say_v he_o overcome_v the_o arevaci_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v continue_v in_o his_o command_n the_o year_n 612._o and_o the_o consul_n q._n fabius_n servilius_n be_v send_v against_o viriatus_n with_o 18000_o foot_n and_o 1500_o horse_n beside_o those_o force_n micipsa_n the_o son_n of_o massinissa_n send_v he_o 10_o elephant_n and_o 300_o horse_n out_o of_o africa_n notwithstanding_o all_o this_o mighty_a army_n 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famous_a city_n contrebia_n versobriga_n and_o centobriga_n then_o hear_v that_o the_o consul_n quintus_fw-la pompeius_n be_v appoint_v to_o succeed_v he_o he_o be_v so_o offend_v at_o it_o that_o to_o weaken_v his_o force_n he_o dismiss_v the_o soldier_n neglect_v the_o magazine_n and_o starve_v the_o elephant_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o triumph_n he_o have_v otherwise_o well_o deserve_v be_v refuse_v he_o at_o rome_n q._n pompeius_n come_v to_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 613._o servilianus_n be_v continue_v by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o his_o command_n where_o he_o receive_v into_o favour_n canoba_n a_o captain_n of_o 613._o robber_n who_o submit_v himself_o and_o force_v viriatus_n who_o lie_v before_o the_o city_n vacia_n to_o raise_v spain_n his_o siege_n and_o fly_v away_o whereupon_o many_o neighbour_a town_n submit_v themselves_o to_o he_o as_o he_o be_v active_a and_o vigilant_a so_o be_v he_o no_o less_o severe_a or_o rather_o cruel_a for_o he_o cut_v off_o the_o hand_n of_o all_o canoba_n man_n and_o 500_o other_o prisoner_n because_o they_o have_v desert_v from_o his_o camp_n this_o action_n in_o stead_n of_o terrify_v the_o native_n put_v they_o upon_o desperate_a counsel_n the_o roman_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n erisana_n viriatus_n without_o be_v discover_v get_v in_o by_o night_n and_o the_o next_o morning_n make_v such_o a_o furious_a sally_n that_o he_o put_v the_o enemy_n to_o flight_n kill_v many_o of_o they_o those_o that_o escape_v draw_v up_o in_o a_o place_n of_o no_o strength_n where_o they_o be_v in_o great_a they_o danger_n of_o perish_v but_o viriatus_n lay_v hold_v of_o this_o opportunity_n to_o obtain_v a_o advantageous_a peace_n which_o be_v conclude_v and_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o the_o roman_n save_v their_o life_n viriatus_n be_v call_v a_o friend_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o all_o that_o his_o man_n have_v plunder_v be_v allow_v they_o a_o great_a shame_n and_o dishonour_n to_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n quintus_fw-la pompeius_n hold_v the_o government_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la two_o year_n but_o because_o the_o province_n be_v in_o peace_n and_o metellus_n have_v leave_v all_o thing_n in_o disorder_n have_v not_o the_o opportunity_n of_o do_v any_o action_n of_o note_n on_o the_o contrary_a servilius_n who_o by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n have_v vacate_v the_o peace_n he_o make_v before_o near_o the_o city_n arsa_n put_v viriatus_n to_o the_o rout_n and_o pursue_v he_o viriatus_n into_o carpetania_n where_o by_o a_o stratagem_n he_o get_v away_o he_o draw_v out_o his_o man_n as_o if_o intend_v to_o give_v battle_n place_v his_o horse_n in_o the_o front_n and_o whilst_o the_o roman_n be_v form_v their_o body_n cause_v his_o foot_n to_o slip_v away_o through_o the_o wood_n that_o be_v near_o that_o do_v the_o horse_n with_o the_o same_o swiftness_n get_v off_o the_o consul_n despair_v of_o take_v so_o subtle_a a_o enemy_n march_v to_o the_o vectones_n in_o estremadura_n and_o thence_o without_o stop_v into_o galicia_n where_o all_o be_v in_o disorder_n and_o full_a of_o murder_n and_o robbery_n viriatus_n tire_v with_o so_o last_a a_o war_n and_o fear_v his_o man_n shall_v make_v their_o peace_n with_o the_o price_n of_o his_o head_n send_v three_o ambassador_n to_o treat_v with_o the_o consul_n the_o mean_v he_o choose_v to_o secure_v himself_o prove_v his_o ruin_n for_o servilius_n corrupt_v the_o ambassador_n who_o at_o their_o return_n murder_v viriatus_n as_o he_o lie_v sleep_v his_o funeral_n be_v honour_v with_o the_o tear_n of_o his_o soldier_n afterward_o with_o sport_n and_o the_o viriatus_n sacrifice_n of_o much_o cattle_n the_o murderer_n petition_v the_o senate_n at_o rome_n for_o a_o reward_n of_o their_o service_n receive_v answer_v that_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n do_v not_o approve_v of_o soldier_n kill_v their_o general_n to_o viriatus_n succeed_v in_o the_o command_n one_o tantalus_n but_o he_o not_o be_v of_o equal_a authority_n valour_n and_o conduct_v soon_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o consul_n and_o be_v receive_v to_o grace_n these_o and_o the_o other_o lusitani_n be_v disarm_v and_o land_n allot_v they_o to_o the_o end_n that_o be_v employ_v in_o tilling_n and_o the_o care_n of_o their_o cattle_n they_o may_v be_v more_o inclinable_a to_o live_v in_o subjection_n and_o want_v the_o power_n of_o revolt_a chap._n iii_o the_o second_o war_n betwixt_o rome_n and_o numantia_n the_o consul_n mancinus_n conclude_v a_o dishonourable_a peace_n with_o that_o people_n and_o be_v therefore_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o scipio_n africanus_n send_v against_o they_o the_o city_n destroy_v the_o very_a year_n that_o viriatus_n be_v murder_v by_o his_o own_o man_n which_o be_v of_o rome_n 614._o the_o numantian_o again_o revolt_a the_o occasion_n of_o it_o be_v thus_o metellus_n have_v subdue_v the_o 614._o celtiberi_n there_o remain_v only_o the_o numantian_o and_o termestini_n who_o 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a_o great_a loss_n and_o be_v in_o imminent_a danger_n of_o have_v all_o his_o army_n cut_v off_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n be_v extreme_o perplex_v at_o this_o misfortune_n choose_v p._n scipio_n africanus_n to_o command_v in_o that_o part_n of_o spain_n and_o it_o be_v believe_v still_o continue_v brutus_n numantia_n in_o the_o other_o province_n 4000_o youth_n of_o the_o roman_a nobility_n and_o other_o that_o have_v be_v send_v by_o several_a prince_n to_o be_v bring_v up_o in_o rome_n follow_v scipio_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n have_v do_v the_o same_o but_o that_o the_o senate_n forbid_v they_o the_o army_n in_o spain_n be_v quite_o debauch_v for_o want_n of_o discipline_n to_o remedy_v this_o evil_a scipio_n leave_v marcus_n buteo_n his_o legate_n in_o italy_n to_o follow_v with_o the_o recruit_n and_o he_o himself_o with_o all_o possible_a speed_n pass_v over_o into_o spain_n where_o with_o much_o care_n and_o industry_n he_o soon_o reform_v the_o army_n first_o 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or_o be_v and_o hypostasis_fw-la which_o be_v the_o suppositum_fw-la or_o person_n nothing_o be_v of_o force_n to_o convince_v the_o obstinate_a arius_n whereupon_o he_o be_v banish_v alexandria_n and_o afterward_o be_v summon_v to_o appear_v at_o constantinople_n he_o there_o go_v to_o ease_v himself_o void_v his_o entrail_n and_o so_o make_v a_o miserable_a end_n as_o st._n athanasius_n who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n testify_v the_o evil_a still_o increase_a and_o take_v root_n the_o emperor_n resolve_v to_o have_v recourse_n nice_a to_o the_o last_o remedy_n which_o be_v to_o call_v a_o general_n council_n nicaea_n a_o city_n in_o bythinia_n be_v the_o place_n appoint_v by_o constantine_n for_o the_o bishop_n to_o meet_v and_o thither_o by_o his_o order_n repair_v 318_o from_o all_o part_n in_o this_o council_n arius_n and_o his_o doctrine_n be_v condemn_v meletius_n be_v also_o deprive_v of_o his_o bishopric_n because_o he_o too_o hot_o reprove_v the_o easiness_n of_o peter_n bishop_n of_o alexandria_n in_o reconcile_n and_o admit_v to_o the_o church_n such_o as_o have_v fall_v from_o the_o faith_n and_o by_o this_o his_o zealotry_n have_v breed_v division_n in_o the_o church_n of_o egypt_n there_o be_v great_a dispute_n about_o the_o time_n of_o celebrate_v the_o feast_n of_o easter_n that_o also_o be_v settle_v and_o order_v to_o be_v keep_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n throughout_o the_o world_n the_o eastern_a clergy_n be_v grow_v very_o loose_a and_o disorderly_o in_o their_o life_n particular_o in_o what_o relate_v to_o live_v chaste_o and_o it_o be_v think_v hard_a to_o reduce_v they_o to_o the_o rule_v observe_v before_o therefore_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o paphnucius_fw-la the_o father_n condescend_v to_o allow_v they_o to_o keep_v their_o wife_n all_o person_n be_v forbid_v keep_v the_o book_n of_o arius_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n the_o say_v book_n be_v all_o order_v to_o be_v burn_v some_o say_v the_o manner_n of_o reckon_n by_o 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the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o name_n of_o those_o two_o city_n still_o continue_v and_o no_o bishop_n of_o france_n or_o the_o adjacent_a country_n be_v present_a at_o this_o synod_n except_o valerius_n bishop_n of_o zaragoça_n this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o ancient_a synod_n and_o in_o which_o several_a weighty_a matter_n be_v handle_v in_o it_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o virgin_n consecrate_v to_o god_n the_o bishop_n here_o dispense_v with_o the_o fast_n of_o the_o month_n of_o july_n and_o august_n a_o custom_n before_o receive_v in_o france_n though_o not_o in_o spain_n where_o there_o be_v more_o need_n of_o it_o because_o of_o the_o great_a heat_n they_o forbid_v marry_v woman_n write_v and_o receive_v letter_n without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o also_o the_o paint_n of_o saint_n on_o the_o wall_n of_o church_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v deface_v by_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o
head_n at_o a_o horse_n tail_n without_o any_o compassion_n show_v by_o the_o people_n in_o regard_n they_o say_v ten_o king_n and_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o man_n have_v die_v by_o her_o wicked_a machination_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v this_o be_v all_o a_o fredegunda_n mistake_n in_o those_o author_n who_o have_v attribute_v the_o crime_n of_o fredegunda_n to_o brunechilda_n for_o st._n gregory_n write_v a_o letter_n to_o she_o full_a of_o her_o praise_n beside_o there_o be_v many_o church_n in_o france_n build_v by_o she_o and_o many_o captive_n be_v redeem_v much_o more_o may_v be_v say_v both_o for_o and_o against_o she_o but_o it_o be_v not_o our_o business_n to_o reconcile_v the_o different_a opinion_n of_o historian_n in_o a_o matter_n of_o so_o small_a moment_n to_o the_o history_n in_o hand_n after_o the_o death_n of_o athanagildus_n who_o decease_v at_o toledo_n as_o be_v say_v before_o liuva_n so_o his_o name_n be_v write_v upon_o ancient_a coin_n a_o powerful_a man_n who_o till_o then_o have_v be_v viceroy_n of_o gallia_n gothica_n be_v proclaim_v king_n of_o narbonne_n this_o be_v in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o the_o emperor_n justin_n the_o young_a who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o send_v longinus_n with_o the_o title_n of_o exarchus_n to_o govern_v italy_n liuva_fw-fr begin_v his_o reign_n in_o the_o year_n 567._o nothing_o of_o note_n be_v find_v in_o history_n of_o this_o king_n save_v that_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o declare_v leuvigildus_fw-la his_o brother_n his_o companion_n in_o the_o kingdom_n with_o equal_a power_n to_o himself_o he_o continue_v in_o gallia_n gothica_n as_o be_v the_o place_n he_o have_v most_o be_v use_v to_o and_o d._n lucas_n de_fw-fr tuy_n say_v he_o reign_v in_o france_n 7_o year_n before_o he_o be_v king_n of_o spain_n all_o the_o other_o province_n that_o be_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o goth_n he_o leave_v to_o his_o brother_n charge_n hope_v by_o his_o care_n they_o will_v be_v restore_v to_o their_o former_a grandeur_n for_o at_o that_o time_n they_o be_v at_o war_n with_o the_o roman_n who_o possess_v a_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n and_o maintain_v it_o not_o only_o with_o their_o own_o power_n but_o the_o assistance_n of_o many_o goth_n who_o put_v themselves_o under_o their_o protection_n leuvigildus_fw-la have_v two_o son_n by_o his_o wife_n theodosia_n the_o daughter_n of_o severianus_n duke_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n of_o carthagena_n their_o name_n be_v ermenegildus_n and_o recaredus_n after_o the_o death_n of_o theodosia_n leuvigildus_fw-la marry_v gosuinda_n the_o widow_n of_o athanagildus_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o he_o be_v call_v by_o his_o brother_n to_o be_v his_o associate_n in_o the_o kingdom_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a courage_n he_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o roman_n they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n among_o the_o bastetani_n where_o now_o stand_v the_o city_n baça_n the_o roman_n be_v defeat_v and_o by_o that_o mean_v expel_v the_o whole_a province_n the_o country_n about_o spain_n malaga_n be_v lay_v waste_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n medina_n sidonia_n near_o the_o straits_n mouth_n be_v take_v by_o night_n be_v betray_v by_o framidancus_n cordova_n be_v in_o rebellion_n and_o will_v own_v no_o superior_a since_o the_o defeat_n of_o king_n agila_n thither_o leuvigildus_fw-la march_v and_o bring_v it_o under_o with_o many_o other_o place_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n and_o great_a destruction_n of_o people_n and_o the_o country_n the_o neighbourhood_n of_o sabaria_n not_o know_v in_o what_o part_n of_o spain_n it_o lay_v be_v also_o ravage_v and_o spoil_v whilst_o leuvigildus_fw-la be_v thus_o employ_v his_o brother_n liuva_n die_v in_o france_n in_o the_o year_n 572._o have_v reign_v but_o 5_o year_n some_o say_v only_o 3._o 572._o all_o the_o province_n of_o andaluzia_n be_v bring_v under_o and_o the_o roman_n total_o expel_v leuvigildus_fw-la return_v towards_o biscay_n where_o he_o take_v amaya_n by_o assault_n other_o call_v it_o aregia_n and_o other_o varegia_fw-la a_o city_n as_o be_v suppose_v betwixt_o burgos_n and_o leon._n all_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o country_n be_v pillage_v and_o spoil_v and_o many_o that_o be_v in_o arm_n kill_v hence_o he_o pass_v over_o into_o aquitain_n where_o he_o take_v aspidius_n who_o be_v revolt_a in_o the_o city_n again_o with_o his_o wife_n child_n and_o riches_n the_o same_o year_n that_o liuva_n die_v myrus_n or_o as_o other_o call_v he_o ariamirus_n be_v king_n of_o the_o suevian_o by_o succession_n his_o father_n die_v two_o year_n before_o at_o the_o braga_n same_o time_n be_v hold_v the_o second_o council_n of_o braga_n by_o which_o the_o suevian_o be_v confirm_v in_o the_o catholic_n religion_n leuvigildus_fw-la have_v quiet_v the_o affair_n of_o aquitain_n return_v into_o spain_n with_o a_o resolution_n to_o destroy_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o suevian_o which_o have_v last_v so_o many_o year_n mirus_fw-la fear_v the_o power_n of_o the_o goth_n who_o begin_v to_o break_v into_o galicia_n send_v ambassador_n to_o sue_v for_o peace_n but_o can_v only_o obtain_v a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n for_o some_o time_n the_o goth_n be_v the_o more_o willing_a to_o condescend_v because_o he_o have_v no_o just_a cause_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o suevian_o unless_o their_o change_n of_o religion_n for_o the_o better_a as_o also_o for_o that_o he_o be_v to_o oppose_v a_o roman_a army_n send_v by_o justin_n the_o emperor_n upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o spain_n at_o first_o leuvigildus_fw-la march_v through_o the_o mountain_n of_o orospeda_n which_o rise_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o moncayo_n and_o pass_v by_o molina_n cuenca_n and_o segura_n end_n near_o cadiz_n subdue_v certain_a mountain_n people_n who_o confide_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o country_n refuse_v to_o obey_v he_o thus_o the_o power_n of_o the_o goth_n be_v increase_v and_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n diminish_v for_o they_o have_v leave_v they_o only_o a_o small_a tract_n of_o land_n near_o the_o sea_n as_o i_o suppose_v the_o mediterranean_a before_o leuvigildus_fw-la undertake_v this_o war_n to_o take_v away_o the_o custom_n the_o great_a one_o have_v institute_v of_o choose_v their_o king_n and_o to_o secure_v the_o succession_n in_o his_o own_o family_n he_o declare_v his_o two_o son_n ermenegildus_n and_o recaredus_n his_o companion_n in_o the_o royal_a authority_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n divide_v the_o kingdom_n throne_n into_o three_o part_n to_o ermenegildus_n he_o assign_a sevil_n though_o gregory_n of_o tours_n say_v it_o be_v merida_n to_o the_o city_n reccopolis_n he_o give_v that_o name_n be_v the_o first_o founder_n in_o honour_n of_o his_o son_n recaredus_n this_o be_v in_o that_o place_n where_o the_o river_n guadiela_n fall_v into_o tagus_n not_o far_o from_o pastrana_n as_o the_o moor_n rasis_fw-la testify_v this_o city_n be_v found_v in_o the_o year_n 577._o other_o will_v have_v it_o that_o reccopolis_n be_v in_o celtiberia_n and_o be_v the_o same_o with_o almonacir_n common_o call_v zorita_n leuvigildus_fw-la choose_v the_o city_n toledo_n for_o to_o keep_v his_o own_o court_n in_o and_o so_o do_v the_o king_n of_o the_o goth_n his_o successor_n whereas_o till_o then_o it_o have_v be_v keep_v at_o sevil._n from_o this_o beginning_n that_o city_n by_o degree_n come_v to_o be_v the_o metropolitan_a see_v of_o all_o spain_n as_o shall_v appear_v in_o its_o place_n pope_n benedict_n successor_n of_o john_n iii_o now_o govern_v the_o church_n and_o tiberius_n ii_o the_o roman_a empire_n about_o this_o same_o time_n mirus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o suevian_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o people_n of_o rioja_n upon_o what_o occasion_n be_v not_o know_v but_o it_o appear_v that_o he_o overcome_v and_o subdue_v they_o these_o people_n be_v former_o call_v ruccones_n at_o least_o the_o archbishop_n d._n rodrigo_n call_v they_o so_o the_o country_n be_v fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a so_o proper_a to_o bear_v corn_n it_o often_o yield_v twenty_o for_o one_o chap._n viii_o ermenegildus_n son_n to_o leuvigildus_fw-la marry_v the_o lady_n ingundis_fw-la be_v convert_v to_o the_o catholic_n faith_n be_v besiege_a by_o his_o father_n in_o sevil_n take_v prisoner_n and_o put_v to_o death_n by_o he_o ingundis_fw-la daughter_n to_o sigibert_n king_n of_o lorraine_n and_o brunechilda_n his_o queen_n be_v marry_v to_o ermenegildus_n in_o the_o year_n 579._o she_o be_v grandchild_n to_o athanagildus_n and_o gosuinda_n by_o these_o mean_v those_o two_o royal_a family_n be_v unite_v and_o levuigildus_n think_v thereby_o to_o secure_v the_o kingdom_n to_o his_o posterity_n ingundis_fw-la come_v out_o of_o france_n with_o a_o great_a retinue_n her_o grandmother_n gosuinda_n for_o some_o time_n use_v she_o with_o all_o possible_a kindness_n in_o hope_n to_o prevail_v religion_n with_o she_o to_o forsake_v
to_o their_o party_n but_o not_o be_v able_a to_o prevail_v banish_v he_o to_o the_o inward_a part_n of_o france_n and_o set_v the_o abbot_n remigius_n in_o his_o place_n all_o thing_n be_v carry_v on_o violent_o and_o without_o regard_n to_o equity_n or_o justice_n so_o they_o call_v out_o of_o france_n to_o their_o assistance_n the_o jew_n who_o have_v before_o be_v banish_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o goth_n paul_n be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a wisdom_n and_o experience_n be_v appoint_v rebel_n general_n to_o quell_v this_o rebellion_n with_o such_o force_n as_o be_v think_v sufficient_a to_o oppose_v the_o revolter_n all_o fall_v out_o contrary_a to_o expectation_n for_o paul_n be_v false_a in_o his_o heart_n march_v slow_o and_o give_v the_o rebel_n time_n to_o grow_v strong_a and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o contrive_v how_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o goth_n may_v fall_v off_o from_o the_o king_n by_o the_o way_n he_o agree_v with_o ranosindus_n duke_n of_o tarragona_n and_o hildigisus_fw-la gardingus_n which_o be_v a_o dignity_n like_a to_o a_o lord_n lieutenant_n of_o a_o county_n both_o of_o they_o be_v man_n of_o note_n and_o by_o their_o mean_n he_o possess_v himself_o of_o barcelona_n girona_n and_o vique_fw-la city_n in_o catalonia_n their_o force_n be_v thus_o increase_v they_o resolve_v to_o march_v into_o france_n and_o join_v hilpericus_n not_o doubt_v they_o shall_v be_v then_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o king_n argebaudus_n archbishop_n of_o narbonne_n think_v to_o have_v keep_v the_o rebel_n out_o of_o that_o city_n but_o they_o be_v so_o quick_a upon_o he_o that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o temporize_v and_o seem_o join_v with_o they_o rather_o through_o fear_n than_o affection_n paul_n have_v enter_v the_o city_n call_v together_o the_o citizen_n and_o soldier_n and_o after_o reprove_v the_o archbishop_n for_o have_v offer_v to_o keep_v he_o out_o condemn_v the_o election_n of_o wamba_n as_o illegal_a and_o advise_v to_o proceed_v to_o a_o new_a one_o ranosindus_n with_o a_o loud_a voice_n cry_v out_o he_o know_v none_o so_o fit_a and_o deserve_v to_o be_v a_o king_n as_o paul_n himself_o this_o be_v only_o execute_v in_o public_a what_o they_o in_o private_a have_v before_o contrive_v all_o that_o be_v of_o his_o party_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o crowd_n approve_v of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v with_o great_a acclamation_n whilst_o the_o wise_a sort_n be_v silent_a not_o dare_v to_o gainsay_v thus_o paul_n be_v declare_v king_n and_o a_o crown_n which_o king_n recaredus_n have_v offer_v to_o st._n felix_n put_v upon_o his_o head_n so_o far_o have_v the_o spirit_n of_o rebellion_n transport_v king_n they_o that_o they_o seize_v not_o only_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o public_a but_o lay_v their_o sacrilegious_a hand_n upon_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o church_n hilperick_n earl_n of_o nismes_n the_o first_o that_o raise_v this_o rebellion_n consent_v with_o the_o other_o and_o so_o all_o the_o city_n of_o gallia_n gothica_n beside_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o province_n tarraconensis_n which_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o their_o duke_n ranosindus_n paul_n grow_v proud_a with_o this_o success_n send_v a_o challenge_n to_o the_o king_n full_a of_o bitter_a invective_n and_o reproach_n upon_o which_o i_o believe_v that_o vulgar_a error_n be_v ground_v which_o make_v wamba_n of_o base_a parentage_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v raise_v to_o the_o throne_n from_o the_o plough_n which_o be_v certain_o a_o great_a mistake_n for_o he_o be_v of_o the_o chief_a nobility_n of_o the_o goth_n and_o one_o of_o the_o great_a favourite_n in_o the_o court_n of_o those_o king_n wamba_n understanding_n what_o paul_n have_v do_v call_v a_o council_n of_o his_o noble_n to_o consult_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a immediate_o to_o advance_v with_o what_o force_n he_o have_v or_o return_v to_o toledo_n to_o increase_v his_o power_n the_o more_o resolute_a be_v for_o lose_v no_o time_n but_o oppress_v 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agatha_n and_o bezier_n where_o many_o chief_a of_o rebel_n be_v take_v and_o among_o they_o remigius_n bishop_n of_o nismes_n gumildus_n the_o bishop_n magalona_n flee_v to_o paul_n at_o nismes_n a_o city_n in_o those_o day_n for_o the_o number_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n beauty_n of_o building_n and_o strength_n of_o wall_n inferior_a to_o none_o in_o gallia_n narbonensis_n against_o this_o city_n the_o king_n send_v four_o resolute_a general_n but_o they_o want_v conduct_n and_o engine_n for_o batter_v the_o wall_n with_o they_o go_v 30000_o men._n be_v come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o town_n they_o furious_o charge_v the_o enemy_n that_o come_v out_o to_o meet_v they_o the_o fight_n be_v bloody_a and_o last_v all_o day_n till_o night_n part_v they_o each_o side_n boast_v of_o the_o victory_n but_o the_o king_n man_n be_v the_o first_o that_o sound_v the_o retreat_n it_o
encounter_v cast_v their_o dart_n and_o javelin_n and_o that_o do_v fall_v to_o their_o sword_n the_o christian_n fight_v resolute_o for_o their_o country_n and_o religion_n and_o though_o the_o battle_n be_v obstinate_o maintain_v they_o remain_v victorious_a kill_v 10000_o of_o the_o moor_n enemy_n among_o they_o many_o of_o note_n and_o particular_o one_o garcia_n son-in-law_n to_o the_o tyrant_n muza_n escape_v with_o difficulty_n be_v much_o wound_v whereof_o i_o suppose_v he_o afterward_o die_v all_o the_o camp_n of_o the_o moor_n with_o a_o rich_a booty_n fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o christian_n at_o the_o same_o time_n mahomet_n king_n of_o cordova_n be_v make_v preparation_n against_o the_o common_a enemy_n and_o resolve_v first_o to_o attack_v toledo_n as_o be_v the_o first_o that_o have_v revolt_a and_o may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o reduce_v the_o rest_n lupus_n the_o son_n of_o muza_n hold_v that_o city_n for_o his_o father_n and_o understand_v the_o defeat_n of_o 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862._o as_o appear_v by_o the_o inscription_n of_o a_o beautiful_a cross_n which_o his_o son_n d._n alonso_n present_v to_o the_o church_n of_o oviedo_n the_o word_n of_o it_o be_v 862._o these_o may_v this_o gift_n be_v acceptable_a to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n give_v by_o the_o prince_n alonso_n servant_z of_o christ_n and_o his_o wife_n ximena_n may_v any_o that_o presume_v to_o take_v away_o these_o our_o gift_n perish_v by_o god_n lightning_n by_o this_o sign_n the_o religious_a be_v defend_v by_o this_o sign_n the_o enemy_n be_v overcome_v this_o work_n be_v finish_v and_o deliver_v to_o s._n saviour_n the_o cathedral_n of_o oviedo_n it_o be_v make_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o guazon_n in_o the_o 17_o year_n of_o our_o reign_n and_o of_o the_o aera_fw-la of_o augustus_n 916._o thus_o it_o appear_v the_o year_n 878._o be_v the_o seven_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n ordono_fw-it the_o same_o d._n alonso_n be_v at_o compostella_n confirm_v a_o grant_v make_v by_o his_o father_n by_o a_o new_a one_o which_o extend_v the_o territory_n of_o santiago_n to_o 6_o mile_n about_o whereas_o before_o it_o be_v but_o three_o let_v we_o go_v on_o to_o his_o other_o action_n chap._n viii_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n alonso_n the_o great_a he_o be_v expel_v and_o restore_v his_o brother_n conspire_v against_o he_o and_o be_v punish_v the_o church_n of_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n make_v a_o archbishopric_n mahomet_n the_o moorish_a king_n die_v d._n alonso_n who_o for_o his_o excellent_a natural_a part_n and_o the_o many_o victory_n he_o obtain_v over_o his_o enemy_n be_v call_v the_o great_a immediate_o upon_o the_o news_n of_o his_o father_n death_n great_a for_o he_o be_v then_o absent_a repair_v to_o oviedo_n to_o perform_v the_o funeral_n rite_n and_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o good_a inclination_n he_o be_v inferior_a to_o none_o of_o his_o predecessor_n of_o 862._o body_n tall_a his_o countenance_n please_v very_o affable_a merciful_a 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storm_n threaten_v first_o have_v send_v ambassador_n to_o procure_v assistance_n from_o his_o brother_n and_o cousin_n gather_v a_o number_n of_o good_a soldier_n and_o march_v towards_o the_o enemy_n both_o army_n meet_v near_o a_o town_n call_v piantaca_n where_o be_v fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n both_o side_n for_o a_o long_a time_n resolute_o maintain_v their_o ground_n but_o at_o length_n d._n alonso_n be_v discomfit_v his_o army_n put_v to_o the_o rout_n and_o he_o force_v to_o fly_v to_o the_o city_n leon._n chap._n vi_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o war_n d._n sancho_n make_v upon_o his_o two_o brother_n he_o expel_v alonso_n king_n of_o leon_n first_o and_o then_o garcia_n king_n of_o galicia_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n zamora_n and_o be_v there_o murder_v king_n alonso_n after_o the_o defeat_n abovementioned_a have_v with_o all_o possible_a speed_n recruit_v his_o army_n meet_v the_o enemy_n again_o near_o a_o town_n call_v golpelara_n according_a to_o pelagius_n brother_n bishop_n of_o oviedo_n the_o archbishop_n d_o roderick_n call_v it_o vulpecularia_fw-la on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n carrion_n here_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o day_n be_v change_v and_o the_o castilian_n rout_v roderick_n dyaz_n who_o accompany_v king_n sancho_n in_o all_o his_o war_n guess_v that_o success_n will_v produce_v security_n to_o the_o victor_n rally_v his_o scatter_a soldier_n and_o by_o break_v of_o day_n fall_v upon_o the_o enemy_n in_o their_o camp_n as_o they_o lay_v bury_v in_o sleep_n and_o wine_n in_o this_o confusion_n some_o flee_v other_o stand_v to_o their_o arm_n all_o command_v and_o none_o obey_v thus_o in_o a_o short_a time_n be_v they_o overthrow_v d._n alonso_n retire_v to_o the_o church_n of_o carrion_n which_o he_o have_v garison_v there_o he_o be_v take_v and_o send_v prisoner_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o burgos_n the_o princess_n vrraca_n sister_n to_o both_o king_n who_o love_v d._n alonso_n and_o the_o count_n d._n peranzules_n who_o 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affable_a soon_o gain_v the_o affection_n of_o those_o people_n d._n vrraca_n his_o sister_n solicit_v for_o he_o she_o obtain_v leave_v of_o king_n sancho_n for_o count_n peranzules_n and_o his_o two_o brother_n gonzalo_n and_o ferdinand_n to_o go_v wait_v upon_o d._n alonso_n with_o those_o three_o go_v many_o other_o all_o who_o the_o moorish_a king_n receive_v into_o pay_n that_o they_o may_v not_o want_v subsistance_n and_o may_v be_v serviceable_a to_o he_o in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o neighbour_a moor_n thus_o that_o banish_a prince_n spend_v his_o time_n when_o the_o war_n cease_v he_o give_v himself_o to_o hunt_v and_o for_o the_o great_a conveniency_n build_v a_o countryhouse_n whither_o other_o resort_v and_o building_n it_o become_v a_o note_a place_n now_o call_v brihuega_n a_o town_n not_o obscure_a in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n his_o ordinary_a residence_n be_v in_o toledo_n where_o he_o often_o converse_v with_o the_o k._n who_o be_v very_o much_o take_v with_o he_o it_o happen_v they_o go_v out_o one_o day_n to_o recreate_v themselves_o to_o a_o garden_n near_o the_o city_n now_o call_v the_o king_n garden_n where_o d._n alonso_n fall_v asleep_a the_o king_n and_o his_o courtier_n who_o lie_v hard_o by_o under_o a_o tree_n begin_v to_o discourse_v of_o the_o great_a strength_n of_o toledo_n one_o among_o the_o rest_n say_v there_o be_v but_o one_o way_n to_o take_v the_o city_n which_o be_v by_o famine_n keep_v it_o block_v up_o seven_o year_n together_o d._n alonso_n who_o be_v not_o quite_o asleep_a or_o else_o waken_v be_v please_v to_o hear_v this_o discourse_n and_o charge_v his_o memory_n with_o it_o another_o day_n he_o be_v with_o the_o king_n his_o hair_n stand_v up_o a_o end_n and_o though_o the_o king_n stroke_v it_o down_o two_o or_o three_o time_n still_o it_o rise_v again_o the_o moor_n who_o be_v very_o superstitious_a say_v that_o be_v a_o omen_n he_o will_v possess_v himself_o of_o that_o kingdom_n if_o they_o do_v not_o prevent_v it_o by_o kill_v he_o but_o who_o can_v prevent_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o almighty_a the_o king_n who_o be_v compassionate_a can_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o break_v the_o law_n of_o hospitality_n but_o be_v satisfy_v with_o d._n alonso_n oath_n that_o he_o will_v ever_o be_v a_o true_a friend_n to_o he_o this_o be_v what_o happen_v at_o toledo_n king_n sancho_n grow_v haughty_a with_o success_n possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n some_o place_n submit_v other_o be_v take_v by_o force_n as_o be_v the_o city_n leon_n after_o hold_v out_o a_o long_a siege_n all_o be_v reduce_v he_o advance_v into_o galicia_n against_o his_o other_o brother_n who_o be_v in_o a_o very_a weak_a condition_n his_o kingdom_n be_v all_o divide_a into_o faction_n and_o full_a of_o mutiny_n by_o reason_n garcia_n of_o the_o heavy_a tax_n he_o lay_v upon_o the_o people_n as_o also_o because_o he_o put_v the_o government_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o kingdom_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o servant_n who_o be_v his_o favourite_n the_o nobility_n offend_v at_o this_o kill_v that_o servant_n in_o his_o presence_n and_o not_o so_o satisfy_v take_v up_o arm_n and_o put_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n into_o a_o uproar_n this_o be_v the_o condition_n of_o galicia_n when_o king_n sancho_n invade_v it_o d._n garcia_n find_v it_o impossible_a his_o subject_n be_v in_o rebellion_n to_o withstand_v his_o brother_n flee_v with_o only_o 300_o man_n to_o the_o moor_n in_o portugal_n and_o there_o endeavour_v to_o stir_v they_o up_o to_o espouse_v his_o quarrel_n and_o so_o to_o revenge_v their_o own_o but_o all_o his_o persuasion_n be_v of_o no_o force_n and_o he_o obtain_v nothing_o be_v disappoint_v in_o that_o part_n yet_o he_o resolve_v to_o try_v his_o fortune_n with_o such_o as_o resort_v to_o he_o some_o of_o who_o come_v out_o of_o hatred_n to_o king_n sancho_n other_o in_o hope_n of_o plunder_v and_o be_v of_o both_o sort_n as_o well_o moor_n as_o christian_n thus_o 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felicity_n have_v despoil_v his_o brother_n nothing_o remain_v but_o his_o sister_n who_o also_o he_o design_v to_o deprive_v of_o the_o land_n their_o father_n have_v leave_v they_o the_o city_n zamora_n be_v well_o fortify_v have_v a_o strong_a garrison_n and_o store_n of_o arm_n and_o provision_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v faithful_a and_o resolute_a always_o ready_a to_o oppose_v any_o that_o shall_v assault_v they_o arias_n gonçalo_n a_o ancient_a experience_a and_o discreet_a gentleman_n be_v their_o commander_n and_o by_o his_o advice_n the_o princess_n vrraca_n be_v govern_v the_o king_n see_v there_o be_v no_o hope_n that_o they_o will_v submit_v to_o he_o by_o fair_a mean_n sit_v down_o with_o his_o army_n before_o that_o city_n with_o a_o resolution_n not_o to_o desist_v till_o he_o be_v master_n of_o it_o
the_o siege_n be_v carry_v on_o with_o vigour_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o engine_n then_o in_o use_n apply_v against_o the_o work_n so_o that_o the_o citizen_n be_v straighten_v begin_v to_o waver_v and_o think_v of_o a_o surrender_n such_o be_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o town_n when_o a_o treacherous_a fellow_n call_v vellido_n delphos_n whether_o of_o his_o own_o design_n or_o by_o advice_n of_o other_o be_v not_o know_v resolve_v to_o murder_n the_o king_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o siege_n he_o get_v admittance_n to_o the_o king_n upon_o pretence_n of_o discover_v the_o design_n of_o the_o besiege_a and_o show_v he_o the_o zamora_n weak_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n man_n easy_o believe_v what_o they_o desire_v so_o the_o king_n go_v out_o with_o only_a that_o man_n to_o view_v what_o he_o promise_v to_o show_v he_o but_o when_o he_o least_o thought_n of_o it_o velledo_n dolphos_n throw_v a_o spear_n he_o have_v in_o his_o hand_n at_o he_o which_o pierce_v through_o his_o body_n no_o soon_o be_v this_o do_v but_o the_o murderer_n flee_v to_o the_o city_n pursue_v by_o several_a of_o the_o king_n soldier_n who_o be_v at_o some_o distance_n can_v not_o overtake_v he_o the_o guards_z let_v he_o in_o at_o the_o gate_n this_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o besieger_n to_o believe_v all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o townsman_n have_v consent_v to_o the_o murder_n the_o troop_n of_o leon_n and_o galicia_n who_o be_v not_o well_o affect_v to_o the_o king_n immediate_o quit_v the_o field_n and_o return_v home_o those_o of_o castille_n be_v the_o ancient_a subject_n divide_v themselves_o part_n go_v to_o carry_v his_o body_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o ona_n where_o it_o be_v bury_v without_o any_o pomp_n the_o great_a number_n stay_v to_o carry_v on_o the_o siege_n and_o revenge_v his_o death_n they_o threaten_v to_o subvert_v the_o city_n and_o put_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n as_o traitor_n particular_o james_n ordonez_n of_o the_o family_n of_o lara_n a_o youth_n of_o great_a strength_n and_o valour_n appear_v before_o the_o city_n arm_v at_o all_o point_n and_o a_o horseback_n and_o stand_v on_o a_o high_a ground_n to_o be_v the_o better_o hear_v rend_v the_o sky_n with_o loud_a cry_n threaten_v ruin_n and_o destruction_n the_o citizen_n between_o fear_n and_o shame_n dare_v not_o open_v their_o mouth_n only_a arias_n gonzalo_n though_o he_o may_v well_o have_v be_v excuse_v by_o his_o great_a age_n offer_v himself_o and_o his_o son_n to_o fight_v that_o gentleman_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o death_n country_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o castille_n that_o whosoever_o charge_v a_o city_n with_o treason_n be_v oblige_v to_o fight_v five_o one_o after_o another_o to_o make_v good_a his_o charge_n the_o three_o son_n of_o arias_n gonzalo_n peter_n james_n and_o roderick_n enter_v the_o list_n one_o after_o another_o and_o be_v all_o three_o kill_v by_o d._n james_n ordonez_n yet_o the_o last_o though_o mortal_o wound_v strike_v at_o his_o enemy_n wound_v his_o horse_n and_o cut_v his_o reins_o so_o that_o the_o horse_n affright_v carry_v d._n james_n out_o of_o the_o list_n which_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n be_v a_o token_n he_o be_v beat_v the_o judge_n can_v not_o determine_v the_o case_n one_o side_n insist_v upon_o the_o custom_n and_o law_n of_o arm_n and_o the_o other_o plead_v this_o be_v mere_a accident_n and_o thus_o end_v that_o much_o celebrate_a dispute_n chap._n vii_o king_n alonso_z returns_z from_o among_o the_o moor_n and_o recover_v his_o brother_n kingdom_n the_o first_o part_n of_o his_o reign_n action_n of_o roderick_n de_fw-fr bivar_n king_n sancho_n of_o navarre_n murder_v by_o his_o own_o brother_n d._n vrraca_n be_v in_o care_n for_o her_o brother_n d._n alonso_n send_v away_o a_o messenger_n to_o he_o to_o toledo_n acquaint_v he_o with_o the_o unfortunate_a death_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o advise_v he_o crown_n to_o come_v away_o with_o all_o speed_n and_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o moorish_a king_n want_v not_o intelligence_n have_v spy_n in_o the_o christian_a army_n at_o length_n the_o messenger_n from_o the_o princess_n arrive_v and_o give_v d._n alonso_n a_o account_n of_o all_o that_o have_v happen_v count_n peranzule_v advise_v he_o to_o get_v away_o private_o without_o acquaint_v the_o moorish_a k._n for_o fear_n he_o shall_v stop_v he_o yet_o d._n alonso_n acquaint_v the_o king_n with_o the_o news_n he_o have_v receive_v and_o desire_v his_o leave_n to_o go_v take_v possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o be_v fall_v to_o he_o the_o moor_n be_v please_v with_o this_o sincere_a deal_n assure_v he_o the_o way_n be_v lay_v in_o case_n he_o have_v attempt_v to_o steal_v away_o cause_v he_o to_o renew_v his_o oath_n to_o be_v a_o friend_n to_o he_o and_o his_o son_n hissem_n and_o that_o do_v not_o only_o lend_v he_o money_n for_o present_a use_n but_o accompany_v he_o a_o considerable_a space_n this_o i_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v more_o likely_a than_o what_o d._n lucas_n de_fw-fr tuy_n write_v that_o he_o be_v let_v down_o over_o the_o wall_n and_o make_v his_o escape_n have_v horse_n provide_v for_o that_o purpose_n be_v come_v to_o zamora_n he_o consult_v with_o the_o princess_n what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v and_o dispatch_v express_v to_o all_o part_n to_o give_v notice_n of_o his_o be_v there_o the_o people_n of_o leon_n without_o any_o difficulty_n admit_v and_o proclaim_v he_o king_n galicia_n be_v dubious_a d_o garcia_n upon_o this_o revolution_n have_v break_v prison_n and_o endeavour_v to_o recover_v his_o crown_n d._n alonso_n send_v person_n of_o note_n to_o treat_v with_o he_o and_o he_o be_v fair_a condition_v and_o easy_a be_v easy_o prevail_v upon_o so_o that_o without_o any_o further_a security_n ask_v he_o come_v away_o to_o his_o brother_n not_o doubt_v to_o obtain_v what_o he_o desire_v but_o he_o be_v deceive_v be_v present_o seize_v and_o send_v back_o to_o prison_n where_o he_o continue_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o life_n with_o good_a usage_n if_o any_o can_v be_v think_v such_o where_o a_o crown_n and_o liberty_n garcia_n be_v lose_v at_o once_o thus_o galicia_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o nobility_n of_o castille_n be_v assemble_v at_o burgos_n agree_v to_o admit_v d._n alonso_n for_o their_o king_n if_o he_o will_v first_o swear_v he_o have_v no_o hand_n in_o the_o murder_n of_o his_o brother_n d._n alonso_n hear_v of_o it_o go_v thither_o and_o every_o body_n fear_v to_o tender_v he_o this_o oath_n roderick_n diaz_n call_v cid_n undertake_v it_o the_o oath_n be_v solemn_o take_v he_o be_v proclaim_v with_o great_a joy_n for_o the_o present_a he_o connive_v at_o castille_n this_o affront_n but_o reserve_v a_o grudge_n in_o his_o heart_n against_o roderick_n diaz_n d._n alonso_n be_v 37_o year_n of_o age_n when_o he_o return_v to_o his_o crown_n and_o for_o his_o military_a exploit_n be_v call_v the_o brave_a beside_o he_o be_v prudent_a temperate_a modest_a and_o bountiful_a the_o death_n of_o d._n sancho_n and_o restauration_n of_o d._n alonso_n happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1073._o at_o this_o time_n gregory_n vii_o be_v pope_n and_o the_o same_o year_n die_v in_o spain_n s._n dominick_n de_fw-fr silos_n a_o monk_n of_o cluni_n famous_a for_o sanctity_n 1073._o of_o life_n the_o beginning_n of_o d._n alonso_n reign_n be_v not_o free_a from_o some_o trouble_n which_o be_v soon_o appease_v and_o end_v well_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n which_o be_v 1074._o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n 1074._o and_o toledo_n be_v at_o war_n about_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o kingdom_n d._n alonso_n as_o be_v so_o much_o toledo_n oblige_v to_o he_o of_o toledo_n gather_v a_o good_a army_n to_o assist_v he_o king_n almenon_n at_o first_o fear_v this_o preparation_n be_v against_o he_o but_o be_v better_o inform_v both_o king_n join_v their_o force_n and_o in_o that_o manner_n enter_v the_o territory_n of_o cordova_n where_o they_o waste_v all_o the_o country_n and_o bring_v away_o great_a number_n of_o cattle_n and_o prisoner_n no_o battle_n be_v fight_v because_o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n shun_v it_o about_o this_o time_n die_v the_o first_o wife_n of_o d._n alonso_n her_o name_n be_v agnes_n he_o marry_v a_o french_a lady_n call_v constantia_n by_o who_o he_o have_v one_o only_a daughter_n who_o name_n be_v vrraca_n and_o who_o afterward_o inherit_v all_o her_o father_n dominion_n as_o shall_v be_v see_v in_o its_o place_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o this_o queen_n as_o i_o suppose_v a_o embassy_n be_v send_v to_o rome_n to_o desire_v the_o pope_n to_o send_v a_o legate_n into_o spain_n with_o full_a power_n to_o reform_v the_o clergy_n grow_v very_o
in_o the_o meadow_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n on_o which_o the_o town_n stand_v some_o skirmish_n happen_v near_o the_o wall_n but_o nothing_o remarkable_a in_o they_o except_o that_o it_o be_v observe_v the_o christian_n be_v the_o better_a foot_n and_o the_o moor_n the_o experte_a horse_n tower_n of_o wood_n be_v make_v and_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o engine_n apply_v to_o the_o wall_n which_o though_o they_o beat_v down_o part_n of_o it_o yet_o it_o avail_v not_o because_o the_o ascent_n be_v difficult_a the_o street_n narrow_a the_o house_n high_a and_o strong_a and_o the_o defendant_n numerous_a thus_o the_o siege_n be_v protract_v provision_n be_v scarce_o the_o country_n about_o be_v waste_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o summer_n come_v on_o and_o the_o army_n begin_v to_o be_v sickly_a all_o these_o thing_n cause_v the_o soldier_n to_o wish_v for_o some_o honourable_a accommodation_n at_o this_o time_n cyprianus_n bishop_n of_o leon_n acquaint_v the_o king_n that_o s._n isidorus_n have_v appear_v to_o he_o assure_v the_o city_n will_v be_v take_v in_o 15_o day_n the_o besiege_a suffer_v great_a want_n have_v spend_v all_o their_o provision_n whereupon_o gather_v in_o a_o body_n they_o repair_v to_o the_o palace_n with_o clamour_n require_v the_o king_n to_o capitulate_v he_o have_v endeavour_v to_o appease_v they_o affirm_v they_o shall_v be_v speedy_o relieve_v and_o find_v they_o persist_v in_o their_o demand_n send_v out_o commissioner_n to_o treat_v some_o day_n sâ—â—eing_v spend_v in_o expostulate_v and_o debate_v the_o matter_n at_o length_n the_o treaty_n be_v conclude_v upon_o these_o article_n that_o the_o palace_n surrender_n city_n gate_n bridges_n and_o king's-garden_n be_v deliver_v up_o to_o king_n alonso_n that_o the_o moorish_a king_n may_v go_v to_o valencia_n or_o where_o he_o shall_v think_v sit_v the_o same_o liberty_n to_o be_v allow_v the_o moor_n that_o will_v bear_v he_o company_n and_o they_o may_v carry_v their_o good_n and_o movable_n such_o as_o will_v stay_v in_o the_o city_n shall_v not_o be_v molest_v in_o their_o person_n or_o good_n the_o chief_a mosque_n shall_v continue_v in_o their_o possession_n no_o other_o tax_n shall_v be_v impose_v on_o they_o but_o such_o as_o they_o pay_v to_o their_o own_o king_n they_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o judge_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n and_o no_o other_o these_o article_n be_v solemn_o swear_v to_o on_o both_o side_n and_o hostage_n give_v surrender_v for_o performance_n which_o do_v king_n alonso_n with_o great_a joy_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o triumph_n enter_v the_o city_n on_o the_o 25_o of_o may_n be_v the_o feast_n of_o s._n vrban_n pope_n and_o martyr_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1085._o some_o author_n say_v 1083._o that_o city_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o moor_n about_o 369_o year_n julianus_n say_v 366._o and_o that_o the_o moor_n take_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 719._o on_o s._n vrban_n day_n during_o which_o time_n the_o moor_n be_v nothing_o curious_a in_o building_n it_o lose_v much_o of_o its_o former_a beauty_n the_o street_n be_v narrow_a and_o crooked_a the_o house_n ill_o contrive_v the_o very_a palace_n be_v of_o mud-wall_n and_o stand_v where_o now_o be_v a_o great_a hospital_n found_v by_o d._n peter_n gonzalez_n de_fw-fr mendoza_n cardinal_n of_o spain_n and_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n stand_v the_o chief_a mosque_n on_o a_o rise_a ground_n the_o building_n at_o that_o time_n nothing_o sumptuous_a soon_o after_o it_o be_v consecrate_a and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n build_v from_o the_o ground_n very_o large_a and_o beautiful_a the_o fame_n of_o this_o success_n be_v soon_o spread_v abroad_o and_o ambassador_n come_v to_o congratulate_v with_o the_o king_n from_o several_a prince_n the_o moorish_a king_n according_a to_o the_o capitulation_n go_v away_o with_o a_o good_a guard_n to_o valencia_n which_o be_v his_o own_o where_o he_o preserve_v the_o title_n of_o king_n on_o the_o other_o side_n many_o brigade_n of_o christian_n be_v disperse_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n to_o reduce_v all_o that_o remain_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o moor_n which_o prove_v no_o difficult_a task_n they_o be_v terrify_v at_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o great_a a_o city_n many_o town_n be_v take_v the_o most_o note_a be_v maqueda_n escalona_n illescas_n talavera_n guadalajara_n mora_n take_v consuegra_n madrid_n berlanga_n buytrago_n medinaceli_n and_o coria_n many_o of_o they_o ancient_a town_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o toledo_n strong_a and_o seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a country_n some_o of_o the_o moor_n of_o toledo_n accompany_v their_o king_n but_o the_o most_o stay_v behind_o their_o number_n be_v great_a there_o be_v danger_n they_o may_v upon_o the_o first_o opportunity_n revolt_n to_o prevent_v this_o evil_a the_o king_n resolve_v to_o settle_v his_o court_n there_o till_o such_o time_n it_o be_v better_o people_v with_o christian_n and_o new_a fortification_n raise_v to_o secure_v it_o house_n and_o land_n be_v by_o proclamation_n offer_v to_o all_o such_o as_o will_v come_v and_o inhabit_v there_o which_o draw_v a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n among_o the_o rest_n we_o have_v a_o account_n of_o one_o peter_n a_o grecian_a of_o the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o paleologi_fw-la of_o constantinople_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v serve_v during_o the_o siege_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n the_o town_n be_v take_v give_v he_o a_o house_n and_o land_n of_o inheritance_n from_o this_o gentleman_n the_o great_a family_n of_o toledo_n pretend_v to_o be_v descend_v from_o this_o time_n it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n quarter_n in_o toledo_n be_v so_o call_v because_o the_o king_n give_v that_o part_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o new_a inhabitant_n that_o resort_v thither_o a_o new_a palace_n be_v begin_v to_o be_v build_v in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o city_n all_o to_o the_o intent_n the_o better_a to_o curb_v the_o moor_n after_o this_o we_o emperor_n find_v king_n alonso_n begin_v to_o style_v himself_o emperor_n whether_o he_o have_v reason_n so_o to_o do_v we_o will_v not_o dispute_v he_o be_v puff_v up_o with_o the_o conquest_n of_o that_o new_a kingdom_n and_o be_v sovereign_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o moorish_a king_n be_v his_o tributary_n he_o think_v no_o title_n too_o great_a his_o joy_n be_v somewhat_o allay_v by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o sister_n d._n vrraoa_o who_o he_o respect_v as_o a_o mother_n and_o she_o deserve_v it_o for_o her_o singular_a virtue_n his_o other_o sister_n d._n elvira_n be_v marry_v to_o the_o count_n de_fw-fr cabra_fw-la to_o who_o he_o give_v she_o to_o appease_v he_o have_v provoke_v he_o by_o some_o rash_a word_n as_o be_v relate_v in_o the_o general_n history_n of_o d._n alonso_n the_o wise_a chap._n x._o the_o election_n of_o the_o new_a archbishop_n of_o toledo_n the_o abolish_n the_o old_a missal_n and_o breviary_n the_o original_a of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n his_o spiritual_a jurisdiction_n over_o all_o spain_n king_n alphonso_n wife_n and_o child_n new_a war_n break_v out_o in_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 1086._o the_o city_n of_o toledo_n be_v well_o inhabit_a with_o christian_n and_o the_o 1086._o moor_n keep_v under_o the_o king_n convene_v a_o synod_n of_o bishop_n at_o which_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n choose_v be_v present_a the_o cause_n of_o their_o meeting_n be_v to_o choose_v a_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o bernard_n abbot_n of_o sahagun_n be_v elect_v he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o virtuous_a life_n a_o ready_a wit_n sound_a judgement_n very_o learned_a and_o upright_o which_o good_a quality_n move_v they_o to_o prefer_v he_o before_o all_o other_o though_o a_o stranger_n as_o be_v a_o natural_a bear_v frenchman_n of_o the_o city_n of_o again_o in_o the_o province_n of_o aquitain_n or_o guienne_n in_o his_o youth_n he_o be_v a_o soldier_n at_o ripe_a year_n take_v the_o habit_n of_o a_o monk_n at_o aux_fw-fr and_o be_v send_v thence_o into_o spain_n by_o hugo_n the_o abbot_n at_o the_o request_n of_o king_n alphonso_n to_o reform_v the_o archbishop_n monastery_n of_o sahagun_n which_o he_o design_v to_o be_v the_o head_n of_o all_o the_o benedictines_n in_o spain_n after_o he_o have_v be_v their_o abbot_n some_o time_n he_o be_v promote_v to_o the_o high_a dignity_n of_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n that_o his_o honour_n and_o authority_n may_v be_v the_o great_a the_o king_n free_o give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n archbishop_n of_o that_o see_v many_o town_n land_n mill_n and_o house_n in_o memory_n whereof_o a_o anniversary_n be_v celebrate_v for_o king_n alphonso_n every_o year_n in_o that_o church_n in_o june_n this_o do_v
all_o the_o bishop_n in_o spain_n shall_v be_v confirm_v by_o he_o of_o toledo_n as_o have_v till_o then_o be_v do_v by_o the_o king_n from_o that_o time_n forward_o all_o the_o other_o bishop_n allow_v he_o precedence_n and_o he_o sign_v first_o to_o the_o act_n of_o council_n this_o be_v all_o the_o privilege_n those_o prelate_n then_o enjoy_v above_o other_o when_o spain_n have_v fall_v under_o the_o slavery_n of_o the_o moor_n for_o a_o long_a time_n that_o city_n have_v no_o bishop_n at_o length_n when_o it_o be_v recover_v by_o the_o christian_n the_o archbishop_n be_v not_o only_o restore_v to_o their_o former_a dignity_n but_o make_v primate_fw-la of_o all_o spain_n pope_n vrban_n the_o second_o be_v the_o first_o that_o give_v they_o this_o prerogative_n and_o it_o be_v afterward_o confirm_v by_o pasqualis_fw-la gelasius_n honorius_n celestinus_fw-la innocent_a lucius_n eugenius_n iii_o adrian_n iu_o alexander_n iii_o vrban_n iii_o honorius_n iii_o gregory_n ix_o and_o many_o other_o who_o bull_n be_v preserve_v to_o this_o day_n among_o the_o record_n of_o the_o cathedral_n of_o toledo_n many_o archbishop_n have_v have_v their_o cross_n carry_v before_o they_o throughout_o all_o part_n of_o spain_n yet_o at_o several_a time_n have_v meet_v with_o some_o opposition_n at_o present_a they_o exercise_v no_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o other_o province_n but_o only_o enjoy_v the_o title_n and_o have_v precedence_n it_o be_v say_v above_o that_o king_n alonso_n have_v two_o wife_n agnes_n and_o constance_n by_o the_o latter_a issue_n he_o have_v the_o princess_n vrraca_n constance_n die_v after_o the_o take_n of_o toledo_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n her_o sister-in-law_n d._n elvira_n the_o king_n sister_n she_o be_v bury_v at_o leon_n with_o her_o sister_n d._n vrrdca_n after_o the_o death_n of_o constance_n the_o king_n marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o benabet_n the_o moorish_a king_n of_o sevil_n she_o be_v convert_v and_o change_v her_o name_n of_o zaida_n 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author_n yet_o pelagius_n bishop_n of_o oviedo_n who_o live_v about_o that_o time_n and_o in_o the_o very_o close_o of_o his_o history_n say_v king_n alonso_z have_v but_o five_o wife_n and_o that_o zaida_n the_o daughter_n of_o the_o moorish_a king_n be_v his_o concubine_n the_o history_n of_o spain_n the_o ten_o book_n chap._n 1._o the_o moorish_a family_n of_o the_o almoravide_n come_v into_o spain_n king_n alonso_z twice_o overthrow_v by_o they_o several_a stranger_n come_v out_o of_o france_n to_o serve_v under_o he_o he_o bestow_v three_o of_o his_o daughter_n on_o they_o the_o holy_a war_n in_o the_o east_n among_o the_o moor_n the_o family_n of_o the_o almoravide_n have_v get_v the_o better_a of_o the_o alavecine_n spain_n who_o till_o then_o hold_v the_o empire_n of_o africa_n settle_v their_o kingdom_n at_o first_o in_o that_o part_n of_o mauritania_n which_o stretch_v along_o the_o ocean_n and_o mediterranean_a sea_n thence_o they_o pass_v over_o into_o spain_n and_o spread_v themselves_o through_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o the_o occasion_n of_o their_o come_n be_v thus_o king_n alonso_n have_v marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o moorish_a king_n of_o sevil_n and_o therefore_o at_o his_o request_n send_v to_o invite_v joseph_n tephin_n king_n of_o the_o almoravide_n out_o of_o africa_n to_o assist_v his_o father-in-law_n towards_o the_o reduce_v all_o that_o the_o moor_n possess_v in_o spain_n under_o his_o dominion_n joseph_n will_v not_o let_v slip_n so_o fair_a a_o opportunity_n of_o invade_v spain_n but_o not_o be_v able_a to_o go_v inperson_n at_o that_o time_n send_v a_o good_a army_n under_o the_o command_n of_o hali_n abenaxa_n a_o famous_a commander_n hali_n have_v join_v the_o king_n of_o sevil_n their_o friendship_n be_v not_o lasting_a and_o their_o difference_n increase_v they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n in_o which_o the_o king_n he_o be_v defeat_v and_o kill_v by_o one_o abdalla_n this_o victory_n make_v hali_n master_n of_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o decease_a in_o the_o year_n 1091._o all_o the_o other_o king_n of_o the_o moor_n be_v reduce_v or_o submit_v themselves_o to_o he_o hali_n proud_a with_o this_o success_n rebel_v against_o his_o master_n and_o call_v himself_o miramamolin_n of_o spain_n a_o name_n denote_v regal_a authority_n among_o the_o moor_n 1091._o now_o the_o king_n of_o the_o moor_n who_o be_v subject_n and_o pay_v tribute_n to_o king_n alonso_n think_v this_o a_o fit_a opportunity_n to_o recover_v their_o liberty_n cast_v off_o their_o obedience_n and_o refuse_v to_o acknowledge_v he_o never_o be_v spain_n in_o great_a danger_n for_o those_o barbarian_n grow_v fierce_a with_o so_o many_o victory_n obtain_v over_o their_o own_o people_n turn_v the_o course_n of_o their_o arm_n against_o the_o christian_n their_o first_o attempt_n be_v against_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n where_o they_o over_o run_v the_o country_n put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n and_o recover_v some_o town_n give_v in_o dower_n with_o his_o daughter_n by_o he_o of_o sevil_n which_o be_v cuenca_n veles_n and_o huete_fw-la king_n alonso_z send_v a_o army_n to_o oppose_v the_o moor_n under_o the_o command_n of_o two_o earl_n d._n garcia_n christian_n who_o have_v marry_v his_o sister_n and_o d._n roderick_n who_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n with_o the_o moor_n be_v overthrow_v near_a rhoda_n a_o town_n between_o the_o river_n guadalquivir_fw-fr and_o the_o ocean_n this_o loss_n have_v show_v the_o king_n the_o error_n he_o have_v commit_v in_o call_v the_o moor_n out_o of_o africa_n he_o make_v new_a levy_n gather_v a_o mighty_a army_n and_o be_v again_o defeat_v near_o caçalla_n a_o town_n not_o far_o from_o badajoz_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o men._n however_o he_o no_o way_n dismay_v but_o recruit_v his_o army_n break_v into_o the_o enemy_n country_n as_o far_o as_o cordova_n destroy_v all_o that_o stand_v in_o his_o way_n hali_n mistrust_v his_o own_o strength_n 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all_o the_o town_n in_o normandy_n he_o hold_v for_o his_o king_n charles_n the_o heir_n of_o navarre_n be_v confine_v to_o the_o court_n and_o his_o brethren_n peter_n and_o mary_n be_v imprison_v at_o bretol_n all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o navarrois_fw-mi in_o france_n be_v take_v from_o he_o except_z two_o town_n and_o cherbourg_n which_o be_v pawn_v to_o the_o english_a not_o content_a with_o this_o the_o french_a labour_v to_o induce_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n to_o invade_v navarre_n and_o he_o want_v not_o the_o will_n only_o look_v for_o some_o specious_a pretence_n to_o declare_v war._n it_o happen_v opportune_o that_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n complain_v navarre_n that_o the_o money_n agree_v to_o be_v pay_v he_o in_o gold_n be_v pay_v partly_o in_o silver_n coin_n which_o have_v much_o alloy_n and_o be_v under_o value_n to_o revenge_v this_o wrong_n he_o deal_v underhand_o with_o peter_n manrique_n lieutenant_n of_o castille_n and_o governor_n of_o logrono_n to_o 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deliver_v up_o the_o murderer_n he_o march_v against_o he_o in_o person_n and_o one_o day_n be_v upon_o his_o march_n at_o noon_n when_o the_o heat_n be_v most_o violent_a he_o sudden_o draw_v his_o sword_n kill_v two_o that_o be_v next_o he_o and_o wounded_z another_o rage_v in_o that_o distract_a manner_n till_o he_o fall_v from_o his_o horse_n he_o be_v carry_v back_o to_o the_o city_n where_o he_o recover_v his_o sense_n yet_o so_o that_o he_o be_v ever_o after_o craze_v john_n juvenal_n bishop_n of_o beauvais_n say_v that_o in_o his_o fit_n nothing_o so_o much_o enrage_v he_o as_o hear_v the_o english_a name_v and_o that_o he_o abhor_v a_o red-cross_n because_o bear_v in_o the_o english_a colour_n chap._n x._o the_o division_n among_o the_o nobility_n of_o castille_n continue_v a_o truce_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o
their_o territory_n by_o the_o way_n of_o murcia_n they_o lay_v siege_n to_o vera_n but_o can_v not_o carry_v it_o be_v unprovided_a of_o all_o necessary_n for_o such_o a_o undertake_n beside_o that_o a_o great_a body_n of_o moor_n be_v march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o place_n therefore_o raise_v the_o siege_n they_o advance_v to_o meet_v the_o infidel_n and_o 〈◊〉_d xuxena_n engage_v and_o overthrow_v they_o the_o slaughter_n be_v not_o great_a because_o they_o have_v a_o retreat_n near_o at_o hand_n yet_o they_o take_v and_o plunder_v the_o town_n but_o the_o moor_n 〈…〉_z this_o success_n make_v so_o great_a a_o noise_n that_o the_o cortes_n hope_v it_o be_v a_o good_a omen_n of_o future_a advantage_n grant_v the_o supply_n that_o be_v require_v of_o they_o by_o the_o queen_n and_o prince_n they_o also_o as_o be_v but_o reason_n appoint_a prince_n ferdinand_n general_n betwixt_o who_o and_o the_o queen_n there_o begin_v to_o be_v some_o misunderstanding_n malicious_n person_n such_o as_o be_v always_o encourage_v in_o court_n heighten_v those_o discontent_n and_o say_v one_o day_n prince_n ferdinand_n will_v perplex_v the_o queen_n and_o her_o child_n many_o lay_v the_o blame_n on_o a_o woman_n call_v ellenon_fw-mi lopez_n for_o that_o she_o breed_v ill_a blood_n betwixt_o they_o and_o be_v great_a with_o the_o queen_n than_o become_v her_o majesty_n or_o be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n these_o difference_n increase_v it_o be_v contrive_v the_o government_n prince_n shall_v be_v divide_v so_o that_o the_o queen_n shall_v have_v old_a castille_n and_o the_o prince_n the_o new_a with_o some_o town_n of_o the_o old_a this_o â—one_n the_o prince_n send_v his_o wife_n and_o child_n to_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n and_o set_v out_o himself_o from_o sagovia_n for_o villareal_n design_v that_o the_o general_a randezvouz_n of_o the_o force_n mean_o while_o the_o commander_n on_o the_o frontier_n cease_v not_o to_o make_v incursion_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o moor_n waste_v their_o land_n and_o drive_v great_a booty_n of_o cattle_n and_o captive_n yet_o sometime_o they_o come_v off_o with_o 〈◊〉_d worst_a a_o moor_n incline_v to_o christianity_n come_v over_o from_o they_o and_o be_v carry_v before_o laurence_n suarez_n de_fw-fr figueroa_n master_n of_o santiago_n who_o command_v on_o the_o frontier_n and_o be_v then_o at_o ezija_n say_v to_o he_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a how_o odious_a the_o name_n of_o â—â—_o deserte_a be_v to_o all_o man_n yet_o i_o resolve_v to_o come_v over_o to_o you_o be_v move_v to_o it_o from_o heavenâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d my_o 〈…〉_z testify_v the_o sincerity_n of_o 〈◊〉_d word_n first_o let_v i_o be_v buptize_v and_o i_o will_v give_v you_o instance_n of_o my_o real_a fidelity_n be_v 〈◊〉_d he_o inform_v they_o he_o will_v show_v they_o a_o way_n â—o_o surprise_v pruna_n a_o considerable_a town_n of_o the_o moor_n they_o give_v credit_n to_o his_o word_n and_o the_o chief_a commendary_a of_o santiago_n go_v with_o he_o the_o moor_n perform_v his_o promise_n and_o the_o town_n be_v take_v on_o the_o four_o of_o june_n thus_o the_o moor_n lose_v that_o nest_n whence_o they_o continual_o infest_a the_o christian_a territory_n prince_n ferdinand_n go_v to_o cordova_n and_o thence_o to_o sevil_n 〈…〉_z fall_v sick_a at_o such_o time_n as_o there_o come_v to_o that_o city_n the_o earl_n of_o march_n son_n in_o law_n to_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n of_o the_o best_a blood_n of_o france_n of_o a_o graceful_a presence_n and_o so_o courteous_a that_o he_o gain_v the_o affection_n of_o all_o men._n he_o bring_v with_o he_o 80_o horse_n to_o serve_v in_o that_o war_n which_o be_v expect_v will_v prove_v long_o and_o dangerous_a the_o moor_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o first_o assault_v lucena_n a_o great_a town_n and_o find_v they_o can_v not_o carry_v it_o they_o march_v away_o â—o_o baeça_o their_o number_n be_v great_a for_o it_o be_v lay_v they_o amount_v to_o 7000_o horse_n and_o 100000_o foot_n a_o incredible_a multitude_n but_o such_o it_o be_v as_o put_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n into_o a_o consternation_n nevertheless_o they_o can_v not_o take_v the_o city_n for_o it_o be_v brave_o defend_v but_o they_o burn_v the_o subarb_n all_o the_o christian_n far_o and_o near_o take_v the_o alarm_n and_o gather_v to_o relieve_v that_o important_a place_n which_o the_o moor_n understand_v raise_v the_o siege_n and_o depart_v load_v with_o booty_n and_o with_o many_o captive_n sea_n take_v in_o that_o country_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n alonso_n enriquez_n the_o admiral_n obtain_v a_o considerable_a victorâ—_n over_o the_o infidel_n on_o the_o sea_n near_o cadiz_n the_o king_n of_o tunez_n and_o tremezen_n have_v fit_v out_o 23_o galley_n to_o scour_v the_o coast_n of_o andaluzia_n at_o the_o request_n of_o their_o confederate_n the_o king_n of_o granada_n the_o admiral_n when_o he_o discover_v they_o have_v but_o 13_o galley_n yet_o attack_v they_o with_o such_o fury_n that_o he_o 〈◊〉_d eight_o sink_v some_o and_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n mean_a while_n prince_n ferdinand_n recover_v to_o the_o sickness_n and_o be_v joyful_a for_o this_o success_n march_v from_o sevil_n on_o the_o seven_o of_o september_n he_o have_v not_o fix_v what_o enterprise_n to_o take_v in_o hand_n therefore_o a_o council_n of_o war_n be_v call_v it_o be_v resolve_v to_o enter_v the_o territory_n of_o ronda_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o zahara_n a_o town_n of_o note_n in_o that_o country_n this_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n and_o they_o begin_v to_o batter_v it_o with_o 3_o great_a piece_n of_o cannon_n day_n and_o night_n yet_o the_o harm_n they_o do_v be_v inconsiderable_a because_o the_o gunner_n in_o those_o day_n be_v not_o expert_a at_o play_v and_o level_v their_o piece_n for_o this_o reason_n the_o siege_n may_v have_v prove_v difficult_a if_o the_o besiege_a beginning_n to_o feel_v want_n and_o fear_v they_o shall_v have_v no_o quarter_n have_v not_o make_v haste_n to_o surrender_v capitulate_v only_o for_o their_o person_n and_o estate_n and_o deliver_v up_o their_o arms._n other_o small_a town_n follow_v the_o example_n of_o zahara_n and_o submit_v septenil_n a_o town_n strong_a and_o well_o garrison_v refuse_v to_o submit_v it_o be_v therefore_o besiege_v and_o batter_v at_o such_o time_n as_o peter_n de_fw-fr zuniga_n recover_v ayamonte_n from_o the_o moor_n as_o have_v be_v give_v he_o in_o charge_n by_o prince_n ferdinand_n the_o moorish_a king_n be_v unwilling_a to_o hazard_v a_o battle_n and_o therefore_o govern_v himself_o by_o policy_n endeavour_v to_o live_v his_o enemy_n some_o considerable_a diversion_n he_o gather_v his_o force_n which_o be_v say_v to_o have_v amount_v to_o 6000_o horse_n and_o 80000_o foot_n but_o they_o be_v a_o mere_a rabble_n without_o discipline_n or_o sense_n of_o honour_n with_o this_o army_n he_o sit_v down_o before_o jaen_n but_o sail_v it_o for_o our_o army_n march_v thither_o with_o speed_n and_o oblige_v he_o to_o retire_v with_o shame_n some_o harm_n he_o do_v in_o the_o country_n but_o that_o be_v retaliate_v by_o waste_v all_o his_o territory_n 〈…〉_z beside_o several_a party_n spread_v themselves_o over_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o moor_n so_o that_o they_o have_v no_o place_n of_o safety_n it_o be_v some_o disappointment_n that_o 〈◊〉_d be_v not_o take_v autumn_n be_v advance_v and_o the_o usual_a great_a rain_n begin_v to_o fall_v therefore_o prince_n ferdinand_n raise_v the_o siege_n on_o the_o 25_o of_o october_n and_o return_v to_o sevil_n restore_v to_o its_o place_n the_o sword_n with_o which_o the_o holy_a king_n ferdinand_n take_v that_o city_n which_o be_v there_o keep_v to_o this_o day_n and_o use_v then_o to_o be_v take_v out_o by_o general_n when_o they_o go_v upon_o any_o considerable_a enterprise_n this_o do_v he_o put_v his_o force_n into_o quarter_n in_o sevil_n cordova_n and_o other_o place_n and_o go_v away_o himself_o to_o toledo_n to_o raise_v more_o man_n and_o make_v other_o provision_n â—â—_o continue_v the_o war._n chap._n viii_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o orleans_n by_o he_o of_o burgundy_n the_o war_n carry_v on_o with_o the_o moor_n 〈…〉_z conclude_v original_a of_o d._n alvero_n de_fw-fr luna_n continuation_n of_o 〈…〉_z schism_n 〈…〉_z time_n die_v at_o calahorra_n peter_n 〈◊〉_d ayala_n chancellor_n of_o castille_n a_o man_n 〈…〉_z for_o many_o thing_n and_o particular_o for_o the_o chronicle_n he_o write_v of_o the_o king_n peter_n henry_n the_o iid_n and_o joâ—â—_n the_o be_v it_o though_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v he_o wrong_v king_n peter_n magnify_v his_o vice_n and_o say_v more_o than_o be_v true_a in_o commendation_n of_o king_n henry_n france_n murder_v be_v in_o confusion_n for_o that_o john_n duke_n of_o 〈◊〉_d have_v cause_v luis_n duke_n of_o orleans_n to_o be_v murder_v in_o
can_v not_o because_o that_o prince_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o oppose_v the_o arragonian_n and_o earl_n of_o faux_n have_v abandon_v the_o country_n beside_o it_o be_v report_v that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v in_o league_n with_o they_o which_o move_v he_o to_o pass_v over_o to_o france_n to_o gain_v that_o king_n but_o on_o a_o sudden_a alter_v his_o resolution_n he_o decree_v to_o go_v to_o naples_n to_o his_o uncle_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n who_o naples_n have_v send_v for_o he_o determine_v if_o he_o will_v not_o assist_v he_o to_o spend_v his_o day_n in_o banishment_n by_o the_o way_n he_o visit_v the_o pope_n to_o who_o he_o complain_v of_o his_o father_n ambition_n he_o offer_v to_o stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o his_o holiness_n but_o all_o to_o no_o effect_n at_o naples_n he_o be_v honourable_o receive_v only_o the_o king_n his_o uncle_n kind_o blame_v he_o for_o take_v arm_n against_o his_o father_n the_o prince_n in_o few_o word_n excuse_v himself_o for_o what_o be_v past_a and_o offer_v for_o the_o future_a whole_o to_o submit_v to_o what_o he_o shall_v decree_v roderick_n vidal_n a_o man_n of_o quality_n send_v into_o spain_n to_o compose_v these_o difference_n labour_v therein_o with_o all_o possible_a industry_n this_o treaty_n be_v interrupt_v by_o a_o unexpected_a accident_n which_o be_v that_o the_o prince_n faction_n though_o he_o be_v absent_a proclaim_v he_o king_n at_o pamplona_n which_o cut_v off_o all_o discourse_n of_o peace_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n who_o to_o this_o effect_n deliver_v up_o his_o son_n ferdinand_n hostage_n have_v a_o interview_n with_o he_o at_o alfaro_n in_o march_n the_o navarre_n queen_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n be_v there_o present_a peace_n be_v there_o conclude_v betwixt_o the_o two_o king_n moreover_o at_o the_o solicitation_n of_o luis_n despuch_o master_n of_o montesa_n send_v thither_o ambassador_n by_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o at_o his_o persuasion_n the_o confederacy_n make_v with_o the_o earl_n of_o faux_n be_v declare_v void_a and_o all_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n and_o his_o son_n be_v by_o consent_n of_o both_o party_n refer_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n as_o arbitrator_n the_o hope_n conceive_v of_o obtain_v a_o last_a peace_n by_o these_o mean_n soon_o vanish_v as_o will_v appear_v hereafter_o in_o andaluzia_n the_o christian_n encamp_v near_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o moor_n thither_o king_n henry_n come_v after_o the_o conference_n in_o the_o month_n of_o april_n immediate_o they_o invade_v the_o territory_n of_o the_o moor_n march_v in_o sight_n of_o granada_n waste_v all_o the_o country_n and_o destroy_v the_o corn._n a_o party_n of_o christian_n advance_v without_o order_n and_o engage_v the_o enemy_n they_o be_v few_o in_o number_n and_o the_o enemy_n many_o consequent_o they_o waste_v be_v easy_o overthrow_v most_o of_o they_o kill_v and_o among_o the_o rest_n garcilasso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr vega_n a_o knight_n of_o santiago_n of_o great_a renown_n this_o disaster_n so_o incense_v the_o king_n that_o he_o not_o only_o burn_v the_o corn_n as_o he_o use_v to_o do_v but_o also_o fire_v the_o vine_n and_o orchard_n which_o before_o he_o spare_v beside_o have_v take_v a_o town_n call_v mena_n by_o assault_n they_o put_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n without_o spare_v woman_n or_o child_n thus_o the_o moor_n be_v so_o humble_v that_o they_o sue_v for_o and_o obtain_v pardon_n a_o truce_n be_v conclude_v for_o some_o year_n by_o which_o the_o infidel_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v the_o yearly_a tribute_n of_o 12000_o ducat_n and_o to_o release_v 600_o christian_a captive_n which_o number_n if_o they_o have_v not_o they_o be_v to_o make_v up_o with_o moor_n the_o frontier_n about_o jaen_n be_v except_v in_o this_o capitulation_n where_o the_o war_n be_v to_o continue_v and_o d._n garcia_n manrique_n earl_n of_o castaneda_n be_v leave_v to_o command_v there_o with_o 2000_o horse_n to_o encourage_v this_o war_n pope_n calixtus_n send_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o year_n his_o bull_n grant_v the_o crusade_n to_o the_o live_n and_o dead_a a_o thing_n new_a in_o spain_n f._n alonso_n de_fw-fr espina_n preach_v it_o up_o and_o send_v word_n to_o the_o king_n then_o at_o palencia_n that_o the_o money_n collect_v can_v not_o be_v spend_v any_o other_o way_n but_o in_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n he_o bring_v a_o privilege_n that_o at_o the_o point_n of_o death_n any_o that_o go_v to_o the_o war_n or_o advance_v 200_o maravedy_n for_o the_o expense_n of_o it_o may_v be_v absolve_v by_o a_o priest_n though_o he_o have_v lose_v his_o speech_n so_o he_o can_v give_v any_o sign_n of_o contrition_n also_o that_o such_o as_o be_v kill_v shall_v be_v free_a from_o the_o pain_n of_o purgatory_n this_o grant_n be_v to_o last_v four_o year_n it_o raise_v almost_o 300000_o ducat_n very_o little_a of_o it_o be_v employ_v against_o the_o moor_n after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v a_o ambassador_n come_v from_o rome_n to_o madrid_n who_o bring_v the_o king_n a_o hat_n and_o sword_n usual_o bless_v on_o christmas_n night_n and_o send_v to_o great_a prince_n such_o as_o king_n henry_n be_v then_o esteem_v there_o be_v no_o joy_n in_o this_o world_n perfect_a news_n be_v bring_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o castaneda_n pursue_v a_o party_n of_o moor_n fall_v into_o a_o ambush_n be_v himself_o take_v and_o most_o of_o his_o man_n cut_v off_o another_o commander_n of_o more_o foresight_n be_v put_v in_o his_o place_n the_o earl_n be_v ransom_v for_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n and_o the_o truce_n change_v into_o a_o peace_n in_o italy_n the_o city_n genoa_n be_v in_o arm_n be_v divide_v into_o faction_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n favour_v the_o adornos_n and_o john_n duke_n of_o lorraine_n son_n to_o renée_n duke_n of_o anjou_n who_o style_v himself_o prince_n of_o calabria_n the_o tregosos_n mean_o while_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n fall_v sick_a on_o the_o 8_o of_o may_v 1458._o he_o be_v very_o ill_o at_o castelnovo_n in_o naples_n till_o the_o 13_o of_o june_n then_o the_o disease_n 1458._o increase_v he_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v remove_v to_o the_o castle_n del_fw-it ovo_fw-la but_o nothing_o avail_v naples_n for_o he_o give_v up_o the_o ghost_n on_o the_o 27_o of_o june_n at_o break_v of_o day_n he_o be_v a_o most_o renown_a prince_n nothing_o inferior_a to_o any_o of_o the_o ancient_a one_o and_o the_o honour_n of_o spain_n beside_o his_o other_o virtue_n he_o be_v a_o great_a encourager_n of_o learning_n and_o very_o familiar_a with_o laurence_n valla_n antony_n panormita_n and_o georgius_n trapezuntius_fw-la man_n famous_a for_o their_o knowledge_n he_o be_v much_o concern_v at_o the_o death_n of_o barthlomew_n faccio_n who_o write_v the_o history_n of_o this_o king_n hear_v that_o a_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v say_v learning_n belong_v not_o to_o a_o king_n he_o say_v that_o be_v a_o expression_n of_o a_o beast_n not_o of_o a_o king_n many_o sharp_a and_o witty_a say_n of_o this_o king_n be_v relate_v which_o i_o think_v needless_a to_o insert_v here_o not_o long_o before_o his_o death_n a_o comet_n appear_v betwixt_o cancer_n and_o leo_n who_o tail_n be_v 60_o degree_n in_o length_n he_o make_v his_o will_n the_o day_n before_o he_o die_v in_o it_o he_o appoint_v his_o brother_n john_n king_n of_o navarre_n his_o successor_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n that_o of_o naples_n as_o win_v by_o the_o sword_n he_o leave_v to_o his_o bastard_n son_n ferdinand_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a trouble_n and_o war_n he_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o queen_n his_o wife_n it_o be_v report_v by_o grave_a author_n that_o he_o design_v to_o have_v be_v divorce_v from_o she_o and_o to_o have_v marry_v a_o mistress_n he_o have_v call_v lucretia_n alania_n there_o be_v still_o extant_a a_o letter_n of_o pope_n calixtus_n write_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n to_o the_o queen_n in_o which_o he_o tell_v she_o she_o be_v more_o behold_v to_o he_o than_o to_o her_o mother_n but_o that_o it_o be_v not_o convenient_a it_o shall_v be_v public_o know_v that_o lucretia_n come_v to_o rome_n with_o a_o royal_a retinue_n but_o can_v not_o obtain_v what_o she_o come_v about_o because_o he_o will_v not_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o so_o great_a a_o sin_n king_n alonso_n great_a crime_n be_v that_o of_o incontinency_n but_o at_o his_o death_n he_o show_v great_a token_n of_o repentance_n and_o die_v like_o a_o good_a christian_n he_o order_v that_o his_o body_n shall_v be_v bury_v without_o any_o tomb_n at_o the_o very_a church_n door_n of_o poblete_n the_o burial_n place_n of_o his_o ancestor_n a_o great_a sign_n of_o
pacify_v they_o these_o two_o assemble_v the_o people_n at_o santiago_n and_o put_v to_o death_n the_o marshal_n peter_n pardo_n and_o some_o other_o gentleman_n bring_v the_o country_n under_o subjection_n king_n ferdinand_n be_v then_o go_v to_o catalonia_n upon_o this_o account_n mahomer_n the_o great_a turk_n have_v in_o vain_a besiege_a rhodes_n the_o space_n of_o three_o month_n be_v force_v to_o quit_v that_o enterprise_n part_v of_o his_o fleet_n sail_v to_o vallona_n in_o albania_n opposite_a to_o apulia_n a_o province_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n thence_o achmet_n bassa_n who_o command_v pass_v over_o into_o italy_n and_o take_v the_o city_n otranto_n on_o the_o 13_o of_o august_n where_o he_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n italy_n spare_v neither_o sex_n nor_o age._n from_o this_o place_n the_o turk_n make_v incursion_n into_o the_o country_n destroy_v all_o they_o come_v at_o to_o the_o great_a terror_n of_o all_o italy_n this_o move_v the_o christian_a prince_n to_o think_v of_o join_v their_o force_n to_o stifle_v that_o flame_n particular_o king_n ferdinand_n send_v gonzalo_n beteta_n ambassador_n to_o pope_n sixtus_n who_o be_v then_o much_o displease_v with_o the_o king_n as_o appear_v upon_o several_a occasion_n and_o now_o more_o especial_o for_o he_o constitute_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n his_o legate_n in_o spain_n without_o acquaint_v the_o king_n with_o his_o design_n the_o public_a danger_n make_v private_a animosity_n be_v forget_v the_o king_n also_o send_v d._n john_n melguerite_n bishop_n of_o girona_n in_o the_o month_n of_o february_n 1481._o to_o make_v a_o league_n with_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o king_n gather_v a_o fleet_n of_o 35_o sail_n of_o all_o sort_n at_o barcelona_n the_o 1481._o king_n of_o portugal_n fit_v 20_o ship_n for_o this_o purpose_n but_o these_o succour_n go_v on_o slow_o therefore_o d._n alonso_n duke_n of_o calabria_n with_o what_o force_n he_o can_v gather_v in_o italy_n at_o last_o lay_v siege_n to_o otranto_n it_o fall_v out_o happy_o that_o mahomet_n the_o great_a turk_n die_v at_o nicomedia_n in_o bythinia_n on_o the_o 3d_o of_o may._n news_n hereof_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o turk_n in_o otranto_n they_o surrender_v that_o city_n the_o 5_o month_n after_o it_o have_v be_v besiege_v upon_o condition_n to_o depart_v free_o the_o duke_n of_o calabria_n retain_v in_o his_o service_n about_o 1500_o turk_n design_v to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o against_o the_o florentine_n it_o be_v the_o vulgar_a opinion_n they_o well_o deserve_v it_o because_o they_o have_v call_v in_o the_o turk_n yet_o many_o believe_v this_o be_v a_o policy_n of_o the_o duke_n to_o cast_v the_o scandal_n of_o retain_v those_o people_n upon_o his_o enemy_n the_o succour_n of_o arragon_n and_o portugal_n be_v of_o no_o use_n for_o they_o arrive_v in_o italy_n after_o otranto_n be_v surrender_v beside_o the_o distance_n weighty_a affair_n keep_v those_o king_n employ_v and_o divert_v they_o from_o send_v those_o succour_n soon_o king_n ferdinand_n hold_v the_o cortes_n of_o arragon_n at_o calatayud_n whither_o queen_n elizabeth_n by_o her_o husband_n order_n bring_v prince_n john_n d._n alonso_n enriquez_n the_o admiral_n and_o peter_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr velasco_n the_o constable_n be_v appoint_v commissioner_n to_o govern_v castille_n the_o king_n aim_n be_v to_o have_v his_o son_n swear_v heir_n to_o that_o kingdom_n as_o have_v be_v before_o do_v in_o castille_n and_o be_v also_o perform_v there_o on_o the_o 29_o of_o may._n soon_o after_o the_o same_o be_v do_v at_o barcelona_n for_o the_o principality_n catalonia_n of_o catalonia_n beside_o these_o care_n another_o be_v add_v from_o navarre_n peter_n the_o cardinal_n and_o james_n his_o brother_n uncle_n to_o the_o young_a king_n come_v to_o zaragoça_n there_o be_v admit_v to_o audience_n in_o a_o long_a harangue_n they_o lay_v before_o king_n ferdinand_n the_o misfortune_n navarre_n labour_v under_o the_o rebel_n be_v possess_v of_o the_o most_o considerable_a town_n and_o city_n the_o biamonteses_n have_v pamplona_n the_o other_o estela_n sanguessa_n and_o olite_a they_o represent_v that_o their_o king_n have_v nothing_o leave_v he_o but_o the_o title_n that_o the_o earl_n of_o lerin_n cease_v not_o to_o commit_v all_o manner_n of_o crime_n therefore_o they_o beg_v king_n ferdinand_n to_o pity_v that_o young_a king_n and_o deliver_v he_o from_o the_o slavery_n of_o his_o subject_n king_n ferdinand_n have_v hear_v the_o two_o brother_n promise_v he_o will_v stand_v by_o king_n francis_n and_o to_o show_v his_o readiness_n send_v certain_a person_n with_o the_o two_o prince_n who_o from_o he_o shall_v advise_v the_o rebel_n to_o submit_v to_o their_o king_n the_o cortes_n of_o that_o kingdom_n meet_v at_o tafalla_n there_o king_n ferdinand_n ambassador_n give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o they_o have_v in_o commission_n the_o navarrois_n answer_v that_o if_o the_o king_n have_v not_o be_v receive_v as_o he_o ought_v in_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v not_o the_o fault_n of_o they_o all_o but_o of_o some_o few_o who_o disturb_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n yet_o if_o he_o will_v come_v to_o they_o no_o town_n will_v be_v want_v in_o express_v its_o loyalty_n this_o answer_n be_v satisfactory_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v propose_v to_o king_n ferdinand_n that_o king_n francis_n shall_v go_v to_o pamplona_n it_o be_v think_v sit_v he_o shall_v go_v with_o a_o good_a guard_n lest_o in_o that_o time_n of_o confusion_n any_o affront_n shall_v be_v offer_v he_o at_o this_o time_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n die_v at_o sintra_n in_o the_o very_a chamber_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v and_o portugal_n on_o the_o 28_o of_o august_n his_o body_n be_v carry_v to_o aljubarrota_n his_o son_n john_n ii_o for_o his_o high_a spirit_n and_o great_a exploit_n surname_v the_o great_a succeed_v he_o this_o prince_n as_o well_o as_o his_o father_n be_v always_o a_o utter_a enemy_n to_o castille_n the_o father_n carry_v it_o more_o open_o but_o the_o son_n subtle_o and_o underhand_o and_o therefore_o more_o furious_o vent_v his_o passion_n upon_o some_o nobleman_n of_o his_o kingdom_n who_o he_o suspect_v of_o favour_v castille_n as_o we_o shall_v soon_o see_v for_o piety_n goodness_n severity_n towards_o crimina_fw-la sharpness_n of_o wit_n and_o a_o tenacious_a memory_n he_o equal_v all_o the_o king_n his_o contemporary_n and_o excel_v many_o he_o use_v to_o say_v that_o a_o kingdom_n either_o find_v prince_n wise_a or_o make_v they_o so_o by_o their_o continual_a converse_v with_o man_n of_o great_a part_n who_o constant_o be_v about_o the_o court_n of_o king_n and_o use_v all_o art_n in_o speech_n and_o behaviour_n to_o obtain_v their_o desire_n and_o discover_v their_o ability_n chap._n x._o francis_n king_n of_o navarre_n come_v out_o of_o france_n be_v crown_v and_o soon_o after_o die_v a_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n discover_v and_o the_o conspirator_n punish_v peace_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o portugal_n ratify_v luis_n the_o eleven_o king_n of_o france_n die_v three_o prince_n die_v successive_o one_o year_n after_o another_o about_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n depart_v this_o die_v life_n charles_n duke_n of_o anjou_n he_o appoint_v the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o heir_n by_o which_o mean_v anjou_n and_o provence_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n beside_o other_o pretension_n which_o serve_v only_o to_o entail_v a_o war_n upon_o that_o kingdom_n on_o the_o first_o of_o july_n in_o the_o follow_a year_n 1482_o die_v d._n alonso_n carillo_n y_fw-fr acuna_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n a_o man_n even_o when_o of_o great_a age_n lively_a and_o active_a he_o retire_v in_o his_o latter_a day_n rather_o through_o necessity_n than_o of_o his_o own_o inclination_n 1482._o he_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o s._n francis_n build_v by_o himself_o at_o alcalà _fw-fr de_fw-fr henares_n he_o also_o make_v the_o church_n of_o s._n stephen_n till_o then_o a_o parish_n collegiate_n he_o be_v addict_v to_o chemistry_n and_o die_v poor_a yet_o be_v say_v to_o have_v leave_v some_o money_n to_o repair_v the_o school_n at_o alcala_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o archbishops_n tomb_n be_v bury_v his_o son_n troilus_n which_o the_o cardinal_n d._n francisco_n ximenez_n cause_v to_o be_v remove_v look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o monument_n of_o that_o prelate_n incontinency_n from_o this_o troilus_n be_v descend_v the_o marquess_n of_o falces_fw-la in_o navarre_n their_o surname_n be_v peralta_n the_o cardinal_n of_o spain_n succeed_v d._n alonso_n carrille_n in_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o toledo_n he_o be_v son_n to_o ynigo_n lopez_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n marquis_n of_o santillana_n and_o brother_n to_o james_n hurtado_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n first_o duke_n del_fw-it infantado_n this_o prelate_n be_v a_o person_n of_o
great_a virtue_n and_o ability_n and_o have_v this_o dignity_n confer_v on_o he_o as_o a_o reward_n for_o his_o good_a service_n d._n ynigo_n manrique_n bishop_n of_o jaen_n be_v translate_v in_o his_o stead_n to_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o sevil._n in_o navarre_n a_o great_a joy_n be_v allay_v by_o a_o great_a sorrow_n king_n francis_n who_o during_o the_o trouble_n of_o navarre_n have_v reside_v in_o france_n at_o last_o as_o have_v be_v agree_v come_v to_o pamplona_n with_o his_o mother_n uncles_n and_o a_o great_a retinue_n of_o nobility_n of_o france_n and_o navarre_n he_o be_v receive_v navarre_n with_o great_a pomp_n and_o a_o general_a applause_n crown_v in_o the_o cathedral_n and_o proclaim_a king_n on_o the_o 3d_o of_o october_n he_o be_v then_o in_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o youth_n be_v 15_o year_n of_o age_n wonderful_a beautiful_a and_o well_o incline_v the_o first_o thing_n he_o do_v be_v to_o forbid_v upon_o pain_n of_o death_n any_o person_n whatsoever_o call_v themselves_o biamonteses_n or_o agramonteses_n the_o hateful_a name_n of_o those_o faction_n which_o have_v so_o long_o distract_v that_o kingdom_n he_o make_v luis_n earl_n of_o lerin_n constable_n and_o give_v he_o larraga_n and_o other_o town_n to_o oblige_v he_o because_o he_o be_v powerful_a this_o do_v he_o take_v a_o progress_n through_o the_o kingdom_n punish_v malefactor_n and_o secure_v the_o authority_n of_o magistrate_n it_o be_v propose_v to_o marry_v he_o to_o secure_v the_o succession_n king_n ferdinand_n offer_v his_o daughter_n the_o princess_n joanna_n the_o king_n of_o france_n advise_v he_o to_o take_v to_o wife_n the_o other_o princess_n joanna_n daughter_n to_o king_n henry_n than_o a_o profess_a nun_n in_o portugal_n think_v by_o this_o mean_n to_o have_v a_o opportunity_n of_o subdue_a castille_n magdalen_n the_o young_a king_n mother_n a_o ambitious_a woman_n be_v more_o inclinable_a to_o this_o match_n and_o therefore_o lest_o any_o violence_n shall_v be_v offer_v her_o son_n persuade_v he_o to_o repass_v the_o mountain_n where_o he_o have_v large_a dominion_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o come_v to_o the_o city_n pau_n or_o s._n paul_n in_o bearne_v but_o he_o fall_v sick_a and_o die_v on_o the_o 30_o of_o january_n 1483._o his_o body_n be_v bury_v in_o lescar_n a_o 1483._o city_n in_o bearn_n his_o sister_n catherine_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o throne_n as_o be_v her_o due_a by_o her_o portugal_n marriage_n soon_o after_o that_o kingdom_n fall_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o french_a who_o enjoy_v it_o not_o long_o in_o portugal_n king_n john_n punish_v some_o of_o the_o nobility_n who_o have_v conspire_v to_o murder_v he_o and_o with_o their_o blood_n revenge_v their_o wicked_a design_n against_o his_o person_n these_o noble_n be_v offend_v at_o the_o king_n be_v austere_a temper_n his_o severity_n in_o punish_v offender_n and_o for_o his_o great_a freedom_n in_o declare_v his_o mind_n but_o above_o all_o they_o resent_v that_o contrary_a to_o ancient_a custom_n the_o king_n alguazile_n or_o officer_n by_o his_o special_a command_n apprehend_v and_o punish_v malefactor_n upon_o their_o estate_n they_o consult_v together_o and_o expect_v no_o redress_n by_o fair_a mean_n resolve_v to_o use_v force_n the_o head_n of_o this_o conspiracy_n be_v the_o duke_n ferdinand_n of_o bragança_n and_o james_n of_o viseo_n the_o most_o powerful_a man_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o of_o the_o blood_n royal._n many_o other_o join_v with_o they_o as_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr montemor_n the_o earl_n of_o haro_n the_o duke_n of_o braganca_n brother_n d._n garcia_n de_fw-fr meneses_n bishop_n of_o ebora_n his_o brother_n ferdinand_n and_o d._n lope_n du_fw-fr albuquerque_n earl_n of_o penamacor_n this_o conspiracy_n be_v discover_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o cortes_n sit_v at_o ebora_n some_o good_a law_n be_v establish_v and_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o the_o nobility_n shall_v not_o have_v the_o power_n of_o oppress_v the_o people_n this_o the_o duke_n of_o bragança_n complain_v be_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o ancient_a privilege_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o offer_v to_o produce_v the_o grant_n of_o king_n to_o his_o predecessor_n lope_n de_fw-fr figueredo_n his_o comptroller_n search_v for_o these_o paper_n find_v among_o they_o other_o which_o make_v out_o that_o the_o duke_n hold_v correspondence_n with_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o portugal_n he_o carry_v they_o private_o to_o the_o king_n who_o have_v view_v they_o order_v he_o to_o copy_n they_o and_o return_v the_o original_n to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o find_v they_o it_o happen_v the_o queen_n in_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o year_n 1483_o be_v sick_a at_o almarin_n after_o lie_v in_o her_o brother_n the_o duke_n of_o 1483._o viseo_n and_o her_o brother_n in_o law_n the_o duke_n of_o bragança_n come_v to_o visit_v she_o the_o king_n entertain_v they_o kind_o desire_v to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o that_o mischief_n without_o hazard_v a_o war._n at_o length_n one_o morning_n after_o hear_v mass_n he_o take_v the_o duke_n of_o bragança_n aside_o there_o he_o tell_v he_o how_o he_o be_v inform_v of_o all_o his_o design_n and_o treasonable_a correspondence_n with_o castille_n that_o he_o be_v with_o much_o difficulty_n induce_v to_o believe_v it_o and_o yet_o be_v convince_v of_o the_o truth_n be_v willing_a to_o pardon_n and_o bury_v it_o in_o oblivion_n advise_v he_o to_o consider_v none_o can_v be_v more_o his_o friend_n than_o he_o that_o be_v so_o near_o a_o kinsman_n and_o that_o if_o any_o thing_n have_v be_v amiss_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v advise_v he_o better_o or_o wink_v at_o any_o error_n in_o the_o government_n this_o discourse_n of_o the_o king_n be_v surprise_v the_o duke_n he_o beg_v the_o king_n will_v not_o give_v credit_n to_o informer_n who_o strive_v to_o rise_v upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o other_o assure_v he_o he_o will_v not_o lay_v the_o stain_n 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he_o shall_v have_v take_v it_o and_o so_o the_o breach_n have_v be_v the_o great_a his_o chief_a care_n be_v to_o reestablish_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n much_o deprave_v by_o the_o late_a confusion_n he_o endeavour_v to_o raise_v some_o supply_n of_o money_n to_o help_v defray_v the_o past_a expense_n and_o pay_v the_o force_n he_o be_v to_o keep_v on_o foot_n which_o he_o quarter_v about_o as_o may_v be_v least_o offensive_a to_o the_o people_n some_o company_n of_o spaniard_n who_o he_o know_v to_o be_v insolent_a and_o injurious_a he_o send_v away_o to_o spain_n in_o two_o ship_n he_o forget_v not_o to_o repair_v the_o harm_n do_v during_o the_o war_n and_o particular_o the_o wall_n of_o naples_n and_o gasto_n capua_n he_o secure_v with_o such_o work_v as_o make_v it_o strong_a than_o if_o it_o have_v be_v wall_v these_o thing_n he_o do_v to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n in_o case_n the_o enemy_n shall_v attempt_v any_o thing_n again_o and_o all_o be_v easy_a to_o he_o 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the_o force_n they_o can_v in_o italy_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o great_a captain_n be_v dangerous_o sick_a which_o with_o the_o report_n spread_v abroad_o of_o re-establish_a king_n frederick_n and_o the_o pope_n solicit_v to_o have_v he_o general_n of_o the_o french_a force_n give_v occasion_n to_o people_n to_o discourse_v various_o of_o matter_n of_o state_n and_o particular_o the_o colonese_n take_v the_o liberty_n to_o utter_v some_o bold_a speech_n all_o be_v again_o appease_v by_o the_o recovery_n of_o the_o great_a captain_n who_o pesent_o appyle_v himself_o to_o make_v all_o the_o necessary_a prepation_n for_o a_o mighty_a war_n which_o be_v expect_v will_v break_v out_o again_o in_o that_o kingdom_n all_o italy_n and_o spain_n suffer_v very_o much_o this_o year_n by_o famine_n and_o on_o the_o 5_o of_o april_n be_v good_a earthquake_n friday_n there_o be_v great_a earthquake_n in_o castille_n and_o andaluzia_n which_o overthrow_v many_o building_n the_o great_a harm_n be_v do_v in_o some_o town_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n guadalquivir_fw-fr lope_n soarez_n de_fw-fr albergaria_n sail_v from_o lisbon_n with_o a_o good_a fleet_n for_o india_n this_o same_o year_n the_o catholic_n king_n give_v the_o office_n of_o lord_n high_a steward_n to_o d._n bernard_n de_fw-fr sandoval_n y_fw-fr rojas_n marquis_n of_o denia_n of_o who_o family_n because_o often_o mention_n be_v make_v it_o will_v not_o be_v from_o the_o purpose_n to_o set_v down_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o their_o genealogy_n ferdinand_n gutierrez_n de_fw-fr sandoval_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v chief_a commendary_a of_o castille_n be_v father_n to_o d._n james_n gomez_n de_fw-fr sandoval_n first_o earl_n of_o castro_n and_o lord_n lieutenant_n of_o castille_n his_o elder_a son_n be_v ferdinand_n the_o father_n of_o d._n james_n gomez_n de_fw-fr sandoval_n who_o king_n ferdinand_n create_v marquis_n of_o denia_n his_o son_n be_v d._n bernard_n who_o we_o say_v be_v make_v lord_n high_a steward_n to_o the_o same_o king_n ferdinand_n in_o which_o place_n he_o continue_v even_o after_o the_o king_n death_n to_o queen_n joanna_n d._n bernard_n have_v by_o his_o wife_n the_o lady_n frances_n enriquez_n four_o son_n and_o six_o daughter_n he_o have_v also_o a_o bastard_n son_n who_o for_o his_o good_a part_n come_v to_o be_v archbishop_n of_o sevil._n luis_n elder_a son_n to_o d._n bernard_n be_v father_n to_o francis_n earl_n of_o lerma_n who_o die_v before_o he_o but_o leave_v a_o son_n call_v d._n francis_n gomez_n de_fw-fr sandoval_n who_o come_v to_o be_v duke_n of_o lerma_n and_o a_o cardinal_n of_o who_o we_o shall_v speak_v in_o another_o place_n d._n ferdinand_n young_a son_n to_o the_o say_a marquis_n have_v many_o child_n and_o among_o they_o d._n bernard_n de_fw-fr rojas_n y_fw-fr sandoval_n cardinal_n and_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n to_o who_o that_o church_n be_v oblige_v for_o restore_v to_o it_o the_o lieutenancy_n of_o caęorla_n after_o it_o have_v be_v many_o year_n alienate_v chap._n iv._o perfidiousness_n of_o duke_n valentin_n who_o be_v as_o perfidious_o send_v into_o spain_n by_o the_o great_a captain_n contrary_a to_o his_o promise_n and_o he_o ill_o represent_v to_o the_o king_n project_n of_o peace_n betwixt_o france_n and_o spain_n come_v to_o nothing_o the_o venetians_n after_o the_o death_n of_o pope_n alexander_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o several_a city_n in_o romania_n and_o aim_v at_o the_o rest_n duke_n valentin_n be_v no_o way_n able_a to_o oppose_v valentin_n they_o agree_v to_o deliver_v such_o fort_n as_o remain_v in_o his_o power_n to_o pope_n julius_n who_o send_v one_o peter_n de_fw-fr oviedo_n to_o take_v possession_n but_o the_o duke_n change_v his_o mind_n give_v private_a order_n to_o his_o lieutenant_n at_o cesana_n to_o hang_v the_o say_a peter_n he_o do_v so_o whereupon_o the_o pope_n arrest_v
order_v they_o to_o obey_v the_o legate_n and_o viceroy_n to_o who_o he_o send_v a_o sword_n and_o cap_n as_o also_o the_o standard_n he_o bless_v on_o christmas_n day_n the_o venetian_n neither_o send_v the_o supply_n of_o money_n they_o have_v promise_v nor_o of_o man_n but_o under_o the_o shelter_n of_o the_o league_n endeavour_v to_o recover_v what_o the_o emperor_n and_o king_n of_o france_n have_v take_v from_o they_o the_o viceroy_n encamp_v four_o mile_n from_o bologna_n and_o the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 16_o of_o january_n within_o cannon_n shoot_v of_o the_o town_n at_o belpogio_n a_o country_n house_n of_o the_o bentivoglio_n within_o the_o city_n be_v 500_o horse_n and_o 2000_o foot_n under_o the_o command_n of_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr alegre_n the_o same_o day_n the_o viceroy_n march_v towards_o bologna_n the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n take_v bastida_n and_o raze_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n the_o viceroy_n take_v up_o his_o quarter_n at_o belpoggio_n the_o marquis_n of_o padula_n and_o count_n de_fw-fr populo_fw-la advance_v with_o the_o foot_n and_o possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o monastery_n call_v s._n michael_n de_fw-fr rosque_fw-la quench_v the_o fire_n set_v to_o it_o by_o those_o within_o there_o they_o plant_v some_o piece_n of_o cannon_n and_o the_o rest_n on_o a_o hill_n hard_a by_o before_o this_o advice_n be_v bring_v that_o gaston_n de_fw-fr foix_n duke_n of_o nemours_n be_v at_o parma_n gather_v his_o force_n which_o be_v 800_o lance_n 1000_o light_a horse_n and_o 3000_o foot_n and_o be_v to_o join_v at_o final_a 20_o mile_n from_o bologna_n the_o troop_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n be_v 2000_o gascon_n and_o some_o horse_n all_o this_o in_o order_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n fabricius_n colona_n lie_v about_o cento_n and_o pieve_v with_o part_n of_o the_o army_n to_o observe_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o french_a the_o viceroy_n order_v he_o to_o come_v to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o city_n towards_o the_o mountain_n it_o be_v resolve_v to_o move_v the_o battery_n to_o that_o side_n the_o wall_z be_v there_o weak_a but_o soon_o after_o it_o be_v agree_v the_o army_n shall_v lie_v all_o together_o to_o secure_v the_o cannon_n and_o repulse_v the_o relief_n the_o artillery_n be_v plant_v betwixt_o s._n michael_n and_o the_o florence_n gate_n on_o the_o 28_o of_o january_n they_o begin_v to_o play_v part_v of_o the_o wall_n be_v beat_v down_o and_o some_o soldier_n get_v into_o a_o tower_n where_o they_o display_v the_o colour_n but_o be_v soon_o drive_v out_o by_o the_o besiege_a count_n peter_n navarro_n finish_v a_o mine_n and_o have_v set_v fire_n to_o it_o the_o wall_n be_v lift_v up_o so_o that_o they_o without_o see_v those_o in_o the_o town_n and_o the_o townsman_n those_o in_o the_o field_n under_o the_o wall_n yet_o it_o sell_v again_o in_o the_o same_o place_n and_o settle_v as_o fast_o as_o at_o first_o this_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o miracle_n because_o within_o adjoin_v to_o the_o wall_n be_v a_o chapel_n hold_v in_o great_a veneration_n call_v of_o baracan_a which_o like_o the_o rest_n be_v blow_v up_o and_o settle_v again_o nevertheless_o the_o city_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n when_o there_o fall_v a_o snow_n for_o 3_o day_n together_o this_o give_v the_o french_a general_n a_o opportunity_n of_o throw_v himself_o into_o the_o city_n with_o a_o good_a body_n of_o man_n without_o be_v discover_v by_o the_o sentinel_n for_o this_o reason_n and_o because_o the_o wether_n continue_v very_o severe_a the_o army_n of_o the_o confederates_n raise_v the_o siege_n and_o draw_v back_o to_o s._n lazaro_n 2_o mile_n from_o bologna_n the_o force_n of_o the_o pope_n retire_v as_o far_o as_o imola_n the_o viceroy_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o s._n peter_n and_o the_o force_n be_v disperse_v in_o the_o neighbour_a place_n this_o be_v the_o event_n ofthat_o so_o much_o talk_v of_o siege_n many_o as_o be_v usual_a in_o the_o like_a case_n blame_v the_o general_n for_o that_o as_o they_o say_v without_o regard_v the_o unseasonableness_n of_o the_o weather_n he_o have_v let_v slip_v 8_o day_n in_o which_o he_o may_v have_v make_v a_o considerable_a advance_n that_o the_o army_n encamp_v far_o from_o the_o place_n where_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v that_o the_o trench_n be_v not_o well_o carry_v on_o nor_o the_o mine_n right_o place_v in_o fine_a that_o the_o guard_n be_v so_o ill_o keep_v they_o give_v the_o enemy_n a_o opportunity_n of_o get_v into_o the_o town_n without_o be_v discover_v the_o truth_n be_v the_o wether_n be_v unseasonable_a and_o neither_o the_o swiss_n come_v as_o be_v expect_v nor_o do_v the_o venetian_n send_v any_o supply_n of_o men._n there_o be_v at_o this_o siege_n among_o the_o rest_n antony_n de_fw-fr leyva_n captain_n alvarado_n and_o the_o marquis_n of_o pescara_n d._n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr avalos_n who_o be_v afterward_o a_o most_o renown_a general_n the_o king_n of_o england_n prepare_v to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o season_n will_v permit_v to_o invade_v the_o province_n of_o guienne_n france_n in_o france_n those_o king_n of_o old_a pretend_v a_o title_n to_o that_o country_n and_o luiz_n carroz_n the_o ambassador_n press_v he_o to_o undertake_v that_o expedition_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o catholic_n king_n thomas_n grace_n marquis_n of_o dorset_n the_o king_n cousin-german_n be_v appoint_v general_n of_o the_o english_a army_n the_o catholic_n king_n think_v it_o convenient_a for_o that_o time_n to_o give_v over_o the_o conquest_n of_o africa_n and_o to_o draw_v out_o the_o force_n that_o be_v at_o oran_n leave_v only_o as_o many_o as_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o place_n he_o order_v the_o town_n shall_v be_v divide_v 600_o house_n be_v appoint_v 200_o for_o horse_n and_o the_o rest_n for_o foot_n the_o house_n orchard_n and_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o city_n be_v distribute_v among_o the_o inhabitant_n that_o the_o place_n may_v be_v more_o easy_o maintain_v for_o the_o great_a encouragement_n of_o people_n to_o come_v and_o inhabit_v there_o it_o be_v grant_v they_o shall_v be_v free_a from_o all_o manner_n of_o tax_n and_o imposition_n beside_o that_o they_o be_v to_o receive_v pay_n on_o the_o last_o of_o janaary_a queen_n mary_n of_o portugal_n be_v deliver_v at_o lisbon_n of_o a_o son_n call_v prince_n henry_n who_o be_v afterward_o a_o cardinal_n and_o last_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o his_o nephew_n king_n sebastian_n come_v to_o be_v king_n of_o portugal_n the_o same_o day_n this_o prince_n be_v bear_v it_o snow_v very_o much_o at_o lisbon_n a_o thing_n extraordinary_a in_o that_o city_n curious_a person_n say_v that_o snow_n denote_v the_o innocence_n of_o his_o life_n which_o be_v very_o holy_a and_o the_o pureness_n of_o his_o chastity_n which_o he_o preserve_v as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v he_o be_v in_o his_o countenance_n the_o like_a to_o his_o father_n of_o all_o the_o brother_n king_n ferdinand_n be_v now_o at_o burgos_n there_o on_o the_o 16_o of_o february_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o constable_n d._n bernardin_n de_fw-fr velasco_n he_o contract_v the_o earl_n daughter_n juliana_n grandchild_n to_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o lady_n joanna_n of_o arragon_n to_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr velasco_n elder_a son_n to_o d._n inigo_n who_o succeed_v his_o brother_n bernardin_n in_o the_o lordship_n of_o haro_n and_o the_o dignity_n of_o constable_n the_o absence_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o nemours_n give_v a_o opportunity_n and_o courage_n to_o the_o people_n of_o bressa_n and_o bergamo_n to_o revolt_v from_o the_o french_a and_o submit_v themselves_o again_o to_o the_o venetian_n except_v the_o castle_n which_o the_o french_a still_o keep_v this_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o dangerous_a consequence_n be_v a_o venetian_n precedent_n for_o all_o the_o other_o city_n which_o have_v be_v new_o conquer_v to_o do_v the_o like_a as_o soon_o as_o the_o duke_n have_v relieve_v bolonia_n he_o resolve_v to_o 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oppose_v our_o army_n their_o force_n be_v 800_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o 8000_o foot_n the_o dauphin_n lie_v at_o garriz_n with_o another_o great_a body_n ready_a to_o second_v they_o this_o only_o wait_v the_o come_n of_o king_n john_n with_o his_o force_n to_o march_v into_o navarre_n in_o hope_n of_o their_o come_v the_o people_n of_o the_o valley_n of_o salazar_n and_o roncales_n revolt_v from_o king_n ferdinand_n the_o marshal_n of_o navarre_n also_o who_o till_o then_o have_v stand_v neuter_n declare_v for_o france_n and_o go_v away_o thither_o from_o tudela_n whither_o king_n ferdinand_n go_v to_o meet_v the_o queen_n after_o she_o have_v break_v up_o the_o cortes_n of_o arragon_n at_o monçon_n this_o cause_v king_n john_n to_o hasten_v his_o march_n there_o be_v two_o pass_n through_o the_o mountain_n betwixt_o navarre_n and_o france_n one_o be_v call_v valderroncal_n the_o other_o valderronça_v at_o the_o entrance_n of_o french_a valderronças_n be_v s._n john_n the_o pied_a 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which_o be_v the_o introduction_n to_o all_o the_o disorder_n that_o afterward_o happen_v in_o england_n civil_a war_n break_v out_o between_o the_o catholic_n and_o heretic_n canton_n of_o switzerland_n switzerland_n they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n near_o zurick_n in_o which_o the_o catholic_n have_v the_o better_a in_o this_o fight_n zuinglius_fw-la be_v kill_v at_o basle_n ecolampadius_fw-la be_v find_v dead_a in_o his_o bed_n both_o these_o be_v head_n of_o that_o wicked_a sect_n of_o sacramentarian_n anno_fw-la 1532._o the_o emperor_n assemble_v the_o diet_n at_o ratisbon_n to_o raise_v the_o force_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o oppose_v turk_n solyman_n the_o great_a turk_n who_o threaten_v hungary_n liberty_n of_o conscience_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o pretend_a reform_a religion_n whereupon_o the_o professor_n of_o it_o join_v with_o the_o catholic_n in_o raise_v force_n the_o pope_n send_v a_o supply_n of_o italian_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o cardinal_n hippolito_n de_fw-fr 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of_o may_n anne_n bullen_n though_o the_o king_n have_v by_o she_o a_o daughter_n call_v elizabeth_n be_v accuse_v and_o convict_v of_o adultery_n and_o according_o behead_v jean_n seymour_n step_v into_o her_o place_n but_o the_o year_n after_o she_o die_v in_o childbed_n her_o son_n live_v and_o be_v call_v edward_n after_o this_o the_o king_n marry_v anne_n sister_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o cleves_n from_o who_o he_o be_v soon_o after_o divorce_v have_v before_o establish_v a_o law_n to_o allow_v of_o divorce_n thus_o he_o marry_v his_o five_o wife_n catherine_n howard_n but_o she_o also_o he_o put_v to_o death_n for_o adultery_n and_o because_o she_o have_v lose_v her_o virginity_n before_o she_o be_v marry_v to_o he_o last_o he_o marry_v the_o lady_n catherine_n par_fw-fr she_o he_o make_v not_o away_o for_o soon_o after_o he_o die_v himself_o anno_fw-la 1537._o duke_n alexander_n de_fw-fr medicis_n be_v murder_v at_o florence_n the_o 6_o of_o january_n by_o the_o
occasion_v before_o by_o too_o much_o severity_n but_o it_o fall_v out_o otherwise_o than_o be_v expect_v for_o the_o french_a flemish_a and_o german_a heretic_n conspire_v to_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n and_o to_o secure_a antwerp_n and_o other_o place_n they_o think_v it_o will_v be_v easy_a to_o compass_v their_o design_n because_o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v unprovided_a of_o a_o army_n and_o in_o flanders_n the_o spanish_a soldier_n mutiny_v for_o pay_n be_v three_o year_n in_o arrear_n a_o great_a number_n of_o horse_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o lent_n repair_v to_o the_o forest_n of_o s._n german_a through_o which_o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v force_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o retire_v to_o paris_n francis_n de_fw-fr montmorency_n be_v suspect_v to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o this_o design_n upon_o the_o king_n as_o also_o of_o be_v a_o favourer_n of_o the_o heretic_n the_o spaniard_n in_o flanders_n though_o the_o chief_a mutineer_n be_v 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amurat_n his_o son_n succeed_v he_o about_o this_o time_n the_o king_n expense_n be_v great_a duty_n on_o good_n be_v much_o raise_v and_o with_o the_o pope_n permission_n the_o town_n belong_v to_o the_o church_n begin_v to_o be_v sell_v the_o king_n of_o portugal_n be_v natural_o of_o a_o great_a spirit_n which_o increase_v with_o his_o year_n sail_v over_o with_o a_o fleet_n unto_o africa_n but_o do_v nothing_o worth_a remember_v his_o great_a desire_n of_o extend_v the_o christian_a dominion_n suffer_v he_o not_o to_o rest_v in_o genoa_n a_o mutiny_n break_v out_o in_o whichthe_a new_a noble_n expel_v the_o old_a one_o out_o of_o the_o city_n to_o appease_v those_o tumult_n the_o cardinal_n john_n moron_n be_v send_v by_o the_o pope_n a_o commissary_n by_o the_o emperor_n d._n charles_n de_fw-fr borgia_n duke_n of_o gandia_n and_o d._n john_n ideaquez_n ambassador_n there_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o catholic_n king_n these_o after_o the_o trouble_n have_v last_v two_o year_n adjust_v all_o difference_n anno_fw-la 1575._o d._n john_n of_o austria_n come_v out_o of_o italy_n into_o spain_n and_o obtain_v of_o the_o king_n his_o brother_n italy_n to_o appoint_v he_o his_o lieutenant_n over_o all_o his_o dominion_n in_o italy_n with_o the_o title_n of_o vicar_n the_o design_n be_v that_o no_o advantageous_a opportunity_n offer_v may_v be_v lose_v as_o often_o happen_v by_o the_o delay_n of_o the_o viceroy_n this_o do_v in_o the_o same_o fleet_n that_o bring_v he_o he_o return_v to_o italy_n to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n to_o oppose_v the_o great_a turk_n who_o it_o be_v report_v be_v prepare_v a_o mighty_a fleet_n against_o the_o christian_n this_o report_n prove_v false_a but_o moluco_n assist_v by_o the_o turk_n take_v the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n and_o morocco_n from_o his_o nephew_n muley_n mahomet_n cheribo_n he_o pretend_v to_o justify_v this_o proceed_v by_o a_o law_n some_o year_n before_o establish_v which_o ordain_v that_o the_o king_n brother_n 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that_o city_n he_o be_v more_o fortunate_a while_o a_o private_a man_n than_o in_o his_o great_a dignity_n be_v a_o person_n of_o learning_n and_o piety_n if_o in_o his_o latter_a year_n he_o have_v not_o give_v occasion_n to_o be_v suspect_v and_o even_o condemn_v as_o one_o not_o perfect_o sound_v in_o matter_n of_o religion_n dr._n martin_n aspizcueta_n of_o navarre_n plead_v for_o he_o and_o write_v in_o his_o defence_n be_v the_o famous_a canonist_n of_o that_o age_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o work_n in_o print_n no_o less_o pious_a than_o learned_a maximilian_n the_o emperor_n die_v his_o son_n rodulphus_fw-la already_o king_n of_o the_o roman_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o empire_n the_o prince_n of_o conde_n and_o john_n casimir_n son_n to_o the_o palatin_n enter_v france_n by_o the_o way_n of_o lorain_n with_o 30000_o man_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o alencon_n for_o fear_n of_o who_o a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v with_o the_o heretic_n little_a to_o the_o king_n advantage_n d._n luis_n de_fw-fr requesens_n governor_n of_o flanders_n die_v the_o state_n of_o that_o country_n meet_v to_o spain_n consult_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v the_o result_n be_v that_o they_o conspire_v against_o their_o king_n and_o resolve_v to_o expel_v the_o spaniard_n join_v with_o the_o heretic_n and_o take_v the_o prince_n of_o orange_n for_o their_o head_n to_o colour_v their_o treason_n soon_o after_o they_o send_v for_o mathias_n the_o emperor_n brother_n out_o of_o germany_n but_o abuse_v he_o give_v he_o the_o name_n of_o prince_n and_o do_v what_o please_v themselves_o whereupon_o in_o a_o little_a time_n leave_v that_o shadow_n of_o a_o principality_n he_o return_v to_o germany_n the_o rebel_n in_o flanders_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o antwerp_n at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o spaniard_n plunder_v be_v without_o a_o head_n be_v in_o a_o mutiny_n nevertheless_o they_o assemble_v from_o all_o part_n to_o defend_v that_o place_n the_o garrison_n of_o the_o castle_n with_o all_o that_o resort_v to_o they_o make_v not_o above_o 4000_o men._n in_o the_o city_n be_v above_o 40000_o able_a to_o bear_v arm_n yet_o their_o multitude_n no_o way_n dismay_v the_o soldier_n who_o fall_v upon_o they_o kill_v 14000_o then_o plunder_v and_o set_v fire_n to_o that_o rich_a and_o beautiful_a city_n the_o same_o day_n this_o happen_v at_o antwerp_n which_o be_v the_o four_o of_o november_n d._n john_n of_o austria_n country_n come_v to_o luxemburgh_n send_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n to_o remedy_v the_o disorder_n of_o the_o low-countries_n and_o for_o more_o expedition_n he_o go_v through_o france_n in_o a_o disguise_n his_o come_n avail_v nothing_o the_o rebellion_n be_v too_o far_o advance_v anno_fw-la 1577._o catherine_n queen_n of_o portugal_n die_v at_o lisbon_n by_o her_o the_o eager_a heat_n of_o king_n sebastian_n her_o die_v grandson_n have_v be_v hitherto_o curb_v he_o and_o king_n philip_n have_v a_o interview_n at_o guadalupe_n where_o they_o confer_v about_o the_o conquest_n of_o africa_n for_o which_o enterprise_n the_o portague_n be_v prepare_v and_o the_o catholic_n king_n advise_v he_o not_o to_o go_v in_o person_n but_o can_v not_o prevail_v in_o november_n a_o comet_n appear_v near_o the_o sign_n libra_n and_o the_o planet_n mars_n with_o a_o tail_n of_o comet_n such_o extraordinary_a length_n and_o breadth_n as_o have_v scarce_o be_v see_v after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n sebastian_n it_o be_v give_v out_o it_o threaten_v portugal_n such_o be_v the_o prediction_n of_o astrologer_n and_o the_o commonalty_n believe_v comet_n portend_v change_n of_o government_n anno_fw-la 1578._o at_o madrid_n on_o the_o 14_o of_o april_n king_n philip_n have_v a_o son_n bear_v of_o his_o wife_n queen_n ann_n philip._n who_o be_v also_o call_v philip_n the_o four_o child_n this_o queen_n have_v and_o outlive_v the_o other_o as_o
consider_v how_o prejudicial_a to_o our_o affair_n the_o fort_n and_o bridge_n of_o olivença_n be_v be_v upon_o the_o river_n guadiana_n and_o cut_v off_o our_o convoy_n of_o provision_n that_o be_v to_o march_v on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n he_o march_v thither_o with_o 6000_o foot_n 2000_o horse_n and_o 3_o piece_n of_o cannon_n after_o our_o cannon_n be_v plant_v and_o begin_v to_o play_v though_o they_o in_o the_o fort_n make_v some_o shot_n they_o surrender_v the_o first_o day_n as_o do_v those_o upon_o the_o bridge_n the_o fort_n be_v easy_o raze_v but_o there_o be_v great_a difficulty_n in_o break_v the_o bridge_n the_o matter_n that_o cement_v it_o be_v hard_a than_o the_o stone_n itself_o so_o that_o though_o the_o foot_n spend_v 10_o day_n work_v at_o it_o with_o pickaxe_n they_o must_v have_v go_v away_o and_o leave_v it_o stand_v have_v not_o mean_n be_v find_v to_o blow_v it_o up_o all_o the_o mill_n on_o this_o side_n guadiana_n that_o serve_v the_o neighbour_a town_n be_v in_o like_a manner_n destroy_v mean_a while_n intelligence_n be_v give_v that_o the_o post_n be_v come_v from_o lisbon_n to_o elvas_n a_o officer_n be_v send_v with_o 6_o trooper_n to_o intercept_v it_o by_o the_o way_n they_o take_v a_o soldier_n go_v to_o elvas_n to_o carry_v the_o news_n that_o 1800_o foot_n be_v march_v to_o reinforce_v that_o place_n and_o will_v the_o next_o morning_n be_v near_o villalvin_n this_o intelligence_n be_v immediate_o carry_v to_o the_o marquis_n molinguen_o who_o have_v compute_v the_o time_n and_o find_v it_o be_v practicable_a to_o cut_v they_o off_o send_v the_o two_o commissary_n general_n with_o 1500_o horse_n and_o they_o come_v so_o opportune_o that_o of_o the_o 1800_o foot_n they_o kill_v 500_o and_o take_v 200_o prisoner_n 40_o of_o who_o they_o leave_v by_o the_o way_n be_v desperate_o wound_v have_v there_o not_o be_v a_o mountain_n hard_a by_o not_o one_o of_o they_o have_v escape_v it_o be_v afterward_o know_v by_o some_o prisoner_n that_o above_o 350_o wound_a man_n return_v the_o next_o day_n to_o estremoz_fw-mi in_o catalonia_n the_o marquis_n of_o mortara_n general_n of_o the_o spanish_a force_n have_v suffer_v the_o count_n de_fw-fr harcour_n the_o french_a viceroy_n of_o catalonia_n who_o have_v take_v rose_n to_o pass_v the_o river_n segre_n in_o his_o sight_n be_v by_o he_o in_o a_o bloody_a battle_n overthrow_v and_o take_v prisoner_n catalonia_n with_o 200_o of_o his_o officer_n most_o of_o they_o man_n of_o quality_n andrew_n cantelmo_n with_o most_o of_o the_o horse_n flee_v to_o balaguer_v whether_o harcour_n pursue_v and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o town_n take_v he_o in_o it_o these_o things-moved_n king_n philip_n to_o recall_v the_o marquis_n of_o leganez_n out_o of_o estremadura_n and_o send_v he_o into_o catalonia_n with_o the_o title_n of_o viceroy_n and_o captain-general_n of_o that_o principality_n and_o the_o county_n of_o roussillon_n and_o cerdagne_n the_o marquis_n of_o molinguen_n 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be_v to_o remove_v the_o french_a out_o take_v of_o the_o castle_n of_o term_n a_o place_n of_o such_o strength_n that_o they_o call_v it_o petit_fw-fr rochel_n be_v six_o mile_n distant_a from_o lerida_n and_o three_o from_o balaguer_n march_v on_o the_o 6_o of_o april_n at_o midnight_n from_o lerida_n with_o a_o body_n of_o foot_n and_o some_o horse_n towards_o that_o place_n before_o break_v of_o day_n he_o assault_v it_o with_o such_o bravery_n that_o he_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o putting_z most_o of_o the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n this_o do_v he_o order_v his_o horse_n to_o advance_v and_o fire_v some_o gun_n in_o hope_n to_o draw_v out_o the_o garrison_n of_o balaguer_n but_o they_o stir_v not_o in_o this_o castle_n of_o term_n be_v find_v 1000_o musket_n 500_o suit_n of_o armour_n 10_o piece_n of_o cannon_n 10_o boat_n to_o make_v bridge_n with_o the_o cart_n to_o carry_v they_o tent_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 4000_o ducat_n a_o great_a quantity_n of_o merchandise_n and_o much_o ammunition_n and_o provision_n this_o place_n be_v one_o of_o the_o enemy_n magazine_n the_o french_a in_o garrison_n at_o balaguer_n think_v to_o carry_v some_o timber_n and_o other_o materal_n out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o term_n to_o serve_v in_o the_o forfication_n they_o be_v raise_v to_o which_o purpose_n they_o send_v thither_o 100_o man_n with_o mule_n for_o carriage_n but_o d._n gregory_n brito_n have_v notice_n of_o it_o circumvent_v the_o whole_a party_n and_o make_v they_o prisoner_n without_o any_o bloodshed_n italy_n enjoy_v peace_n but_o be_v now_o alarm_v with_o the_o news_n of_o the_o mighty_a maritime_a preparation_n make_v by_o the_o ottoman_a emperor_n which_o move_v the_o viceroy_n of_o sicily_n and_o naples_n to_o put_v themselves_o into_o the_o best_a posture_n of_o defence_n they_o be_v able_a the_o great_a master_n of_o malta_n send_v all_o over_o christendom_n to_o summon_v all_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o order_n to_o repair_v to_o he_o with_o what_o supply_v they_o can_v the_o venetian_n also_o judge_v all_o those_o preparation_n be_v make_v against_o they_o omit_v nothing_o that_o can_v tend_v to_o the_o secure_n of_o their_o dominion_n at_o last_o have_v hold_v all_o europe_n in_o suspense_n this_o mighty_a storm_n fall_v upon_o the_o island_n of_o candia_n where_o the_o infidel_n soon_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o fort_n s_o theodore_n and_o the_o city_n canea_n his_o holiness_n this_o year_n in_o march_n create_v nine_o cardinal_n the_o duke_n of_o arcos_n new_a viceroy_n of_o naples_n come_v to_o rome_n where_o he_o be_v honourable_o receive_v and_o splendid_o entertain_v by_o the_o pope_n after_o which_o he_o set_v forward_o for_o naples_n prince_n thomas_n of_o savoy_n enter_v some_o mile_n into_o the_o dukedom_n of_o milan_n possess_v himself_o of_o roca_n de_fw-fr bejeven_n but_o present_o retire_v thence_o and_o seize_v the_o castle_n of_o pro_n and_o some_o hill_n about_o it_o the_o 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sertorius_n 40_o monastery_n found_v 89_o monk_n cast_v off_o their_o subjection_n to_o the_o bishop_n 155_o moor_n 12000_o of_o they_o pass_v over_o into_o spain_n their_o second_o come_v 98_o their_o progress_n in_o spain_n 99_o from_o spain_n they_o invade_v france_n 104_o 37000_o kill_v in_o one_o battle_n by_o charles_n martel_n 105_o in_o rebellion_n at_o toledo_n and_o at_o cordova_n 111_o overthrow_v 30000_o of_o they_o kill_v in_o a_o battle_n 122_o their_o kingdom_n divide_v into_o many_o small_a principality_n they_o buy_v a_o peace_n 133_o rise_v against_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o be_v suppress_v 143_o intercede_v for_o the_o queen_n and_o archbishop_n 152_o rout_v by_o the_o christian_n 156_o 60000_o of_o they_o kill_v 199_o 20000_o overthrow_v fol._n 208_o p._n 2_o vanquish_a in_o a_o sea_n fight_n 210_o &_o 234_o banish_a valencia_n fol._n 212_o p._n 2_o begin_v the_o war._n fol._n 214_o p._n 2_o of_o granada_n expel_v their_o king_n 10000_o of_o they_o slay_v with_o 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117_o of_o the_o neapolitan_a war._n 464_o orus_n or_o hercules_n kill_v the_o 3_o son_n oof_o geryon_n 7_o osiris_n the_o egyptian_a kills_z geryon_n 6_o otho_n join_v galba_n reign_v 95_o day_n 53_o be_v defeat_v and_o kill_v himself_o 34_o ottoman_a founder_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o that_o name_n 247_o overthrow_n give_v the_o infidel_n 149_o of_o the_o christian_n 217_o of_o the_o moor_n 253_o of_o the_o rebel_n in_o catalonia_n 406_o of_o the_o portuguese_n 455_o of_o the_o swisser_n 561_o of_o the_o castilian_n 303_o p._n pacification_n in_o arragon_n 204_o milan_n recover_v from_o the_o venetian_n 536_o palencia_n rebuilt_a 136_o palma_n one_o oof_n the_o canary_n island_n conquer_v 464_o particular_n of_o the_o christian_n success_n 262_o paul_n general_n for_o king_n wamba_n take_v part_n with_o the_o rebel_n be_v declare_v king_n 91_o take_a prisoner_n 93_o paul_n the_o 2_o d_o pope_n die_v 415_o paul_n de_fw-fr cartagena_n famous_a for_o learning_n 319_o paulus_n hypseus_n 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into_o spain_n resolve_v to_o make_v good_a his_o party_n there_o to_o this_o intent_n he_o secure_v the_o port_n and_o leave_v one_o salinator_n with_o a_o sufficient_a force_n to_o guard_v the_o pass_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n whilst_o he_o himself_o go_v far_o into_o the_o country_n raise_v man_n and_o gather_v store_n of_o arm_n and_o provision_n all_o his_o design_n be_v nip_v by_o caius_n annius_n who_o rout_v the_o guard_n upon_o the_o pyrenean_n and_o slay_v salinator_n by_o mean_n of_o one_o calpurnius_n lanarius_fw-la his_o intimate_a friend_n that_o base_o murder_v he_o sertorius_n be_v so_o dismay_v at_o this_o misfortune_n that_o he_o flee_v from_o carthagena_n into_o africa_n where_o fortune_n be_v no_o kind_a to_o he_o than_o before_o he_o suffer_v much_o yet_o pass_v over_o and_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o island_n iviça_n thence_o also_o he_o be_v expel_v and_o design_v to_o fly_v from_o his_o enemy_n to_o the_o canary_n island_n be_v call_v upon_o by_o 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the_o other_o side_n which_o when_o he_o find_v as_o he_o be_v about_o strip_v of_o he_o it_o so_o sensible_o touch_v he_o that_o after_o shed_v many_o tear_n and_o lay_v the_o dead_a body_n on_o the_o funeral_n pile_n he_o fall_v upon_o his_o own_o sword_n sertorius_n be_v at_o calahorra_n gather_v new_a force_n which_o when_o pompey_n understand_v he_o march_v to_o besiege_v he_o in_o that_o place_n but_o he_o break_v through_o and_o escape_v though_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o 3000_o man_n and_o have_v get_v together_o a_o mighty_a army_n offer_v his_o enemy_n battle_n which_o he_o avoid_v and_o march_v into_o winter_n quarter_n metellus_n beyond_o the_o pyrenean_n and_o pompey_n in_o old_a castille_n sertorius_n be_v natural_o of_o a_o sweet_a temper_n have_v not_o jealousy_n alter_v his_o good_a inclination_n and_o prevail_v with_o he_o to_o slight_v the_o roman_n who_o be_v disoblige_v for_o that_o he_o commit_v the_o guard_n of_o his_o person_n to_o the_o celtiberi_fw-la beside_o 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