Brietius Ardee Ardea a River of Normandy which falls into the British Sea at Auranches near the Limits of the Dukedom of Britain Ardee or Atherdee a small Market-Town in the County of Louth in the Province of Vlster in Ireland King James II. lay encamped upon the Plains here with an Army of 20000 Men whilst the Duke of Schomberg and his Forces were so strongly entrench'd at Dundalk who not accepting of a Battle when it was presented by King James both the Armies retired soon after without fighting into their Winter Quarters November 1689. Ardembourg or Rodenbourg Ardenburgum a Town in Flanders Taken by the Hollanders in 1604. One League from Sluys Ardennes Ardenna Sylva call'd by the Germans Ardenner-waldt and Luitticher-waldt is the greatest Forest in all the Low-Countries it reacheth above 100 Miles in length as this day extending itself through the Dukedom of Luxemburgh the Bishoprich of Liege the South part of Henalt and to the Borders of Champaign it is taken notice of by Cesar and Tacitus Ardes a Tract in the County of Down in Vlster in Ireland upon the Lake of Coin in the form almost of a Peninsula Ardesche a River of the Province of Vivarets in France It passes by Aubenas to the Rhosne into which it discharges itself near S. Esprit and separates Languedoc from Vivarets Ardfeart a Town in the County of Kerry in the Province of Munster in Ireland Ardila a River of Spain whichriseth in Andaluzia and dischargeth itself into the Guadiana below the City of Olivenza in Portugal Ardmonack is a Territory in the County of Rosse in Scotland belonging to the Royal Family of Scotland Charles I. as second Son to King James I. had the Title of Baron of Armonack given him at two year of Age. Ardrach a Town in the County of Longford in the Province of Connaught in Ireland Ardres Ardra is a little but well fortified Town in the County of Guienne in Picardy in France it stands in the Marshes in the Borders of Artois three Leagues from Calis toward the South and a little more from Gravelin Francis I. and Henry VIII King of England had an enterview with each other near this Town in 1520. Both Courts appearing so magnificent that they call'd the place a Field of Cloth of Gold In 1596 Cardinal Albret took it for the Spaniards who did not keep it long § Also the Name of a Kingdom and City in Guiney in Africa Ardret Ardrathen or Ardrat Ardatum a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Armagh in the County of Kerry in Ireland Are Arus a River of York-shire It arises upon the Borders of Lancashire and falls into the Ouse below York Arembourg Areburium a Town of the lower Germany lately adorn'd wiah the Title of a Principality it lies between Colen to the North and Treves to the South upon the River Aer 7 German Miles from Juliers to the South and 4 from the Rhine West Arequipa one of the most considerable Cities of Peru in America upon the River Chila 7 Leagues from the South Sea 70 from Cusco And a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lima with a commodious Port. It is made rich by the Silver Mines of the Andes that are found within 14 Leagues of it In 1582. an Earthquake as the Country here is very subject to them almost shook it to peices In 1600 the Vulcano which stands by it broke out into terrible Flames They did use to bring the Treasure of Potosi hither but the difficulty of the Road has driven them to Arica Arestinga Liba an Island in the Indian Ocean towards the Provinces of Kherman and Dulcinca in Persia Arethusa a City of Syria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Apamea § Another in Macedonia by some call'd Taino and Renina upon the Bay of Contessa § Also a Lake in Armenia Major near the source of the River Tigris Arezzo Aretium a City and a Bishops See immediately under the Pope in Tuscany in Italy Famous in the time of the old Romans Arg Argus a River of Swabia in Germany Passing by Wangen it afterwards falls into the Lake of Constance Argan a Town in New Castile in Spain A Council here held in 1473 enjoyns every Bishop to say Mass thrice and simple Priests four times at least a year and that none be preferred to Ecclesiastical Dignities who understand not Latin It seems the Learning and Devotion of that age went toutes par la main Argens Argenteus a River of Provence in France It arises from three several Sources then falls into the Ocean near Frejus Agentan Argentomum Argentomagum a City of Normandy in France upon the Vrne Argenten a Town in the Dukedom of Berry in France upon the Creuse Argentor a River in the Province of Angoumois in France falling into the Charente at Porsac Argentrevil Argentolium a small Town three Leagues from Paris There is a Priory in it dependent of the Abby of St. Denis Argile Argathelia a very large County in the Western parts of the Kingdom of Scotland upon the West of Dunbritaine Frith This was the first Country the Scots who came out of Ireland possess'd themselves of as is shewn by Camden out of Bede First also made a County or Earldom by James II. King of Scotland who invested Colin Lord Campbell with the Title of Earl of Argile in regard of his own and of the worth of his Family which is deriv'd from the antient Princes of this Country They have also saith Camden been made Lords of Lorn and for a good while General Justices of Scotland but the two last Earls were unfortunate Anginuses an Island of Greece where the Athenians under Conon obtained a great Victory over the Lacedemonians in the Year of Rome 347. Argipeeni an antient People of Sarmatia They never would go to War with their Neighbours Arglas is a small Town in the Province of Vlster in the County of Down in Ireland with a Haven belonging to it The Lord Cromwel of Oakham is Earl of this place Argonne a Territory part in Champagne and part upon the Borders of Loraine in France Beaumont and Clermont stand in it Argos the antient capital City of a Kingdom of the same name in the Morea now call'd the Province of Romania This Kingdom was Founded by Inachus contemporary with Moses or 346 years before him in Eusebius's Calculation It continued 546 Years then changed into a Republick which maintain'd several Wars with the Grecians The City has been first an Episcopal and next an Archiepiscopal See In 1383 the Venetians bought it In 1463 the Turks took it In 1686. General Morosini reduced it under the Venetians again Argos Amphilogium was a City of Epirus ruin'd long ago § There was another of the Name in Thessalia in Macedonia call'd now Armiro Argow one of the four parts of Switzerland taking its name from the River Arg upon the Borders of Constance Arguin Arguinum a small Island with a Fort upon
into the Mediterranean Sea in the Kingdom of Valentia over against Yvia a small Island Xuicheu a City in the Province of Quansi in China Xuncking a City in the Province of Suchuen in China Xunte or Xuntien Xunta a City in the Province of Pekim in China Y A YAcohdal a Royal House of Pleasure belonging to the Kings of Sweden one League and a half from Stockholm in the Province of Vpland Yamato a small Province in Japan Yamaxiro Yamaium a Kingdom in Japan towards the Bay of Noaco The Capital of which is Meaco a vast City Yancheu Yancheum a City in the Province of Nankim in China Yarmouth Gariannonum a great rich and a very populous Sea-Port Town in the County of Norfolk on the Borders of Suffolk at the Mouth of the River Yare from which it hath its Name This River riseth in Norfolk near Hingham and running East watereth Norwich a little above which it takes in the Cringle and at it the Winder becoming navigable by these accessions it hasteth by Bucknam-Ferry to Burg where it takes in the Waveny another navigable River from Beccles a little above Yarmouth the Thyrn all which Rivers form here a convenient Harbour on the German Ocean This was a Roman Town Cerdick the first King of the West Saxons landed first in this place about the year 507. And not fir ding it worth his while to settle went to Sea again and founded the VVest Saxon Kingdom Between this and the Conquerours times this Town was rebuilt by the Saxons In Edward the Confessor's times it had seventy Burgesses about 1340. the Inhabitants walled it Henry II. gave it the first Charter After this they had a VVar with the Town of Lowestoft between which two there was a quarrel which has lasted to our times In the year 1652. there being a VVar with the Hollanders and the Merchants of London oppressing them in the Herring Trade they began to send Ships to Legorne in Italy and by degrees inlarged their Trade to all parts so that it became one of the best traded Towns on the East of England and the Key of this Coast But the two following Dutch VVars fell heavy on them to their great loss In the year 1684. Charles II. made this a Mayor Town not long before his death It has but one Church though a very large one founded by Herbert the first Bishop of Norwich in the Reign of VVilliam Rufus Charles II. advanced the Honour of this place when in the year 1673. he created William Paston Viscount Yarmouth and in the year 1679. Earl of Yarmouth whose Son now enjoys that Title The Corporation returns two Parliament Men. § There is another Yarmouth upon the North VVest Coast of the Islè of VVight in the Hundred of VV. Medine well built with Free Stone fortified with a Castle and VVorks The second Town of Note next to Newport in that Island Yarum a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Langbarg upon the River Tees here covered with a fair Stone Bridge Yaxley a Market Town in Huntingdonshire in the Hundred of Normancross Yencheu a City in the Province of Xanton in China Yenne Etanna a Town of France upon the Rosne Yeovil a Market Town in Semersetshire in the Hundred of Stone upon a River of its own name Yer or Jerre Edera a small River of France which falls into the Seyne in la Brie Five Miles above Paris to the East Yesd Yesda a great City in the Province of Airach in the Kingdom of Persia one hundred and thirty Miles from Hispahan to the East Yglesias See Villa de Chiesa Ygnos the same with Eno. Yla See Ila Yocheu a City in the Province of Huquam in China Yonne Icauna Jauna Junna a River of France which ariseth in the Dukedom of Burgundy near Autun from the Mountains de Morvant and passing by Clamecy in Nivernois receives the Cure So passeth to Auxerre where it is first Navigable Then admitting the Serine and the Armancione it falls below Sens into the Seyne Seventeen Leagues above Paris and seven above Melun to the East York Eboracum Eburacum Brigantium the Capital City of Yorkshire and an Archbishops See in the North Riding Called by the British Caer Effroc by Ninius Caer Ebrauc by the English York Seated upon the River Ver or Vre which is since by the Saxons called Ouse from Ouseburne a small River that falls into it It is in Honour Wealth and Greatness the second City of England and the far greatest not only in that Shire but in all the North. Having thirty Parish Churches besides the Cathedral and governed by a Lord Mayor like London A pleasant well built strong and beautiful City and the most ancient Archbishops See in this Island The Vre or Ouse having with a gentle stream entered it from the North-West divides it into two unequal parts united by a Stone-Bridge The West part tho much less peopled is incompassed with a sair Wall the other which is greater more populous and close built is fortified also with strong Walls with Turrets upon them and a muddy Dike Herein William the Conqueror built a strong Castle now ruined by time on the North-East side of this part stands the Cathedral Church dedicated to S. Peter which is a stately and a venerable Fabrick This City was built by the Romans about the times of Hadrian the Emperour and had the honour of a Roman Colony bestowed on it in the Reign of Severus who died in his Palace here in the year of Christ 210. In the year 306 Flavius Valerius Constantius Surnamed Clorus the Virtuous Father of Constantine the Great ended his life in this City Constantine his Son took upon him here the Government of his Fathers share of the Empire who became afterwards the first Christian Emperour the deliverer of the Church and the Establisher and Exalter of the Cross In the times that followed though she had the Honour to be an Archbishops See and Eborius Bishop of this City in the year 313. subscribed to the Council of Arles before Restitutus Bishop of London yet the Barbarous Nations in the next Century breaking in upon the Roman Empire this City suffered from the Picts and Saxons all the miseries of VVar. So that about the year 627. when Paulinus was to Baptize Edwin King of Northumberland they were forced to build a little Oratory of VVood for that purpose all the ancient Churches being entirely ruined Hereupon that Prince began the building of the present Cathedral which was finished by his Successor Oswald From this time forward this Church and City began to revive and flourish again The Archbishops had under them not only all the North of England but all the Kingdom of Scotland till 1471 or as others 74 In 740 Egbert Archbishop of York opened here a noble Library which a contemporary Historian calls the Cabinet of all liberal Arts from whence Alcuinus the Preceptor of Charles the Great and
Founder of the University of Paris borrowed those Lights which have since glittered there About 867 the Danes had so weakened this City the second time that Osbright and Ella Kings of Northumberland brake easily through its VValls and fought the Danes in the City where both these valiant Princes were slain and the Danes remained Masters of it It was recovered again out of the Hands of the Danes by King Athelstane in 928 and was a City of sixteen hundred and twenty eight Mansions in the Reigns of Edward the the Confessor and William the Conqueror In 1069 the fourth year of the Conqueror's Reign Sweno the Dane and Edgar Atheling the lawful Prince of England with the Scots attacking this place the Normans siring the Suburbs the City took fire too and the Enemy entring at the same time Fire and Sword almost destroyed it Those few Citizens which escaped were made a Sacrifice to the Jealousie of William the Conqueror In the Reign of King Stephen Egberts Library the Cathedral and a great part of the City was burnt by a casual Fire Nor was the Cathedral rebuilt before the Reign of Edward I. At which time the Citizens also rebuilt the Walls of the City Richard II. made it a County incorporate by it self Annexing a small Territory to it on the West side in which the Archbishops of York enjoy the Rights of Palatines Richard III. began the Repair of the Castle which ended with his short Reign Henry VIII erected here a Court of Chancery for the North not much unlike the Parliaments of France which lasted till the War in 1640 put a period to it Charles I. retired hither in 1641 when the Tumults of London forced him from thence This City stood firmly to him and had certainly restored him to his rightful Dominion and Authority had not the Scots broke their Faith and entred England the second time in 1644 who joyning with Manchester and Fairfax besieged this City with three Armies Prince Rupert came up and relieved it July 31. But the Kings Forces being defeated at Marstonmoor soon after July 16. this Loyal City was delivered up to the Parliament upon Honorable Terms and ill kept by the prosperous Rebels Long. 22 25. Lat. 54. 10. Cambden Yorkshire Eboracensis Comitatus the far greatest County of England Divided for Civil Affairs into three Ridings or smaller Counties Bounded on the North by the Bishoprick of Durham cut off by the River Tees on the West by Lancashire and Westmoreland on the South by Cheshire Darbyshire Nottingham and Lincolnshire cut off by the Humber On the whole Eastern side it is beaten by the German Sea In length from North to South near seventy Miles in breadth eighty in compass three hundred and eight inclosing five hundred and sixty three Parishes and forty nine Market Towns with many Chappels of Ease as large and populous as Parishes The East-riding is comprehended betwixt the River Derwent and the Sea being the least The North-riding extends as far as Westmorland and the West-riding which is the largest is bounded by the two other Ridings to the North the Counties of Derby and Nottingham with Cheshire to the South Lincolnshire to the East and Lancashire to the West The Air is generally temperate the Earth fruitful Affords besides Corn and Grass excellent Mines of Coal and Lead and Quarries of Stone Beside the Tees and Humber its mentioned boundaries and the Dun which separates a part of it from Lincolnshire Herâ— is the Swale You re Nyd Warfe Are Calder Derwent all falling into the Ouse at or below York and the Hull falling into the Humber at Hull The ancient Inhabitants of it were the Brigantes who were conquered by the Romans with great difficulty about the year 57. in the Reign of Nero. About the year 547. Ina Conquered this County and began the Kingdom of Northumberland of which this was a part After the Conquest the first and only Earl of York which we find upon Record is Otho of Bavaria in 1190. In 1385. Edmund of Langley fifth Son of Edward III. Earl of Cambridge was Created Duke of York In 1401. Edward his Son In 1415. Richard his Grandchild succeeded in this Duchy In 1474. Richard of Shrewsbury second Son of Edward IV. had this Title In 1495. Henry second Son of Henry VII who was after King of England had it In 1604. Charles second Son of King James I. In 1643. James second Son of Charles I. was Created Duke of York So that the three last Dukes of York have been afterwards Kings of England Youre a River in Yorkshire falling into the Ouse at York Rippon and Boroughbridge stand upon it Yperen or Ypres Hyprae a City in the Earldom of Flanders which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mechlin by the Institution of P. Paul IV. It is very strong and has a new Cittadel Taken by the French March 26. in 1678 and still in their Hands This City stands in a fruitful Plain upon a River of the same Name six Leagues from Newport to the South five from Courtray towards Calais and thirteen from Gand or Gaunt Yssel Isala Aliso Isla Fossa Drusiana a River in the Low Countries believed to be a Branch of the Rhine but indeed a Cut made by Drusius a Roman Prince and General under Augustus the Emperor It parts from the North Branch of the Rhine above Arnham and bearing North watereth Doesburg Zutphen Deventer Zwol Campen and parting the Velewe from Over-Yssel falls into the Zuyder Zee It took this Name from a smaller River called Alt-Yssel the Old Yssel which arising near Heyden in Cleve watereth Schermbeeck Ringeberg Weert Ysselburg Aenholt taking in the Aa Burg Dotekom and at Doesburg falls into this Cut or Branch of the Rhine Yvica See Ivica Yvoix a small but strong Town in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh upon the River Chiers four Leagues from Montmedi to the West twelve from Luxemburgh and two from Sedan to the East Taken and dismantled by the French in 1552. Refortified by the Spaniards and retaken by the French recovered by the Spaniards in 1637. And I believe returned under the French again Yupi a Kingdom in the Asiatick Tartary East of the Kingdom of Niuche Z A. ZAara or Saara a vast Desert in Africa extending from East to West between Biledulgerida to the North Nigritia to the South Nubia to the East and the Atlantick Ocean to the West The Seat of the ancient Getuli and Garamantes Modern Geographers have discovered some Towns Lakes and Riverâ— there which give names to the respective desarts about them Berdoa and Zuenziga are of this number But generally Sands Scorpions and Monsters Lions Tigers and Ostriches take up the Habitations of these Desarts Mar de Zabacche the same with Limen or the Palus Moeotis Zaberen Elsas Zabera Tabernae a City of the Lower Alsatia upon the River Sorr four German Miles from Strasburg to the West Called by the French Saverne The usual Residence of the Bishop of
is situated near the River Alan and was heretofore the Seat of a Bishop Bodrogh a City of the Upper Hungary on the River Danube which was heretofore the Capital of an Earldom This place lies 7 German Miles South of Segedin 16 East of Buda and about 4 Miles North of Esseck it is now in the hands of the Emperor by the Conquest of Buda and Segedin in 1686. Bodrog a River of the Upper Hungary which riseth in the Carpathian Hills and falls into the Tibiscus at Tokay Boeotja an antient Province of Greece now called Stramulipa Plutarch and Pausanias and Epaminondas were Natives thereof the famous Helicon and Aganippe stand in it the Rivers Asopus and Cephisus watered it and in all the former Wars of Greece this Province bore a considerable Share See Stramulipa Bogazin the Streight between Constantinople and Asia antiently called Bosphorus Thracicus Bogdiana the same with Moldavia Bohemia a great Kingdom in Germany belonging to the House of Austria which though it is almost encompassed by the German Territories yet is properly no part of Germany It has a distinct and different Language and been a separate Kingdom ever since the year 1086. Bounded on the North and West by the Dukedom of Saxony on the East by Hungary and on the South by Bavaria and Austria containing almost 40 Towns and Cities in it that they call Royal whereof Prague is the Capital This Kingdom maintained great Wars with the Caroline Race of Kings till about the year 894. Borzivoius Duke of Moravia becoming Prince also of Bohemia procured their imbracing the Christian Faith universally When in the year 1196. Petrus Capuanus one of the Cardinals of Rome would have brought in Celibacy amongst their Clergy he met with great opposition and ran the hazard of being slain by the Bohemian Priests They received the Waldenses who fled hither about the year 1230. John Hus's and Jerom of Prague about the year 1414. had great success in their Preaching and George Podiâ—bach King of Bohemia became his Convert In 1454. there was another Accession of the Waldenses insomuch that in 1467. there was 200 Churches of this Persuasion in Bohemia and Moravia In the year 1536 they imbraced Luther's Reformation 1564 they obtained from Maximilian that Liberty which Ferdinand I. had deny'd them which lasted but one Year In 1575. they obtained their Liberty again which was confirm'd in the Year 1611. by Rodolphus II. Matthias the next Emperor not maintaining these Grants they chose Frederick Elector Palatine King of Bohemia and Crown'd him at Prague in 1619. This caused a War with the House of Austria The Elector being ejected by force of Arms in the Year 1620 for 30 Years following Germany became an Acheldama a Field of Blood and the Reformation was ruined by an Edict made in 1630. And the House of Austria in Germany was in almost equal danger Albertus Duke of Austria obtained this Crown by Election in the Year 1437. And in the Year 1526 Ferdinand Arch-Duke of Austria was freely elected after the former Branch had been discontinu'd since which time there has been no Interruption but that unfortunate one made by Frederick Elector Palatine so that it is become by the Strength of the House of Austria and the Weakness of the Bohemians an Hereditary Kingdom to the House of Austria The King of Bohemia is the first secular Elector of the Emperor of Germany though it be no part of the Empire Boiana a River that divides Dalmatia from Macedonia this River is commonly call'ed il Drino and in its proper place I shall speak more of it Boiano a Colony and City of the Samnites in the County of Molise upon the River Biferno which falls into the Adriatick Sea It stands at the foot of the Apennine in the borders of Campania 18 Miles from Trivento towards the North and 22 from Capua towards the East and though it is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Benevento yet it is little and ill built and ill inhabited Boii an ancient People 1. of Gallia Celtiqua possessing the Provinces now called Auvergne and Bourbonnois in France 2. of Bavaria in Germany otherwise mentioned by the Names of Bojares and Bavari See Bavari 3 Of Gallia Cispadana in Italy where are now the Dutchies of Modena and Parma See Gallia Boisâ—clle or Enrichemont Boscabellum a Town in the Dukedom of Berry in France with a Castle and the Title of a Principality betwixt Bourges and Sancerre Bois-de-Trahison or Bois-de-Gamelon a Forrest upon the Banks of the Seine betwixt Paris and Pontoise in France One Gamelon in the time of Charles the Great using to ambuscade Men here has left his Name to the Place Boisy a Seigniory in the Country of Chablais in Savoy near the Lake of Geneva Bolena Bolina Bolaenae an ancient City of the Morea mention'd by Pausanias and Stephanus near to Patras and the River Glaueus and sometime an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Patras Bolene a Town in the County of Venaisin in Provence in France upon the Ascent of a little Hill with the River Letz gliding at its foot It shews the ruines of a Castle Boleslaw Boleslavia a small City in Bohemia upon the River Gizera which falls into the River Albus This City stands eight Miles from Prague towards the North-East There is another call'd Irung-Bunczel which stands within two Miles of Prague where the Gizera falls into Albus which last was built in 935. They are distinguished from each other by the Names of the Old and the Younger Boleslaw Bollerbrun a Lake near the Village of Altembeck in the Province of Westphalia in Germany having a remarkable strong Flux and Reflux daily Bolli Paphlagonia a Province of the â—esser Asia Bologna in Italy See Bononia Bologne à la mèr the Icius Portus of Cesar Gessoriacus Portus and Gessoriacum a City of Picardy a Province of France it is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rhemes and stands upon the River Liana Lenart which there falling into the British Sea on the South of this City makes a convenient Hâ—ven This City is distant from Calis about seven Leagues to the South and five from Estaples to the North. It gives name to a small County which from it is called le Bonlenois The Town is divided into two parts the Upper and the Lower both which are well fortified This place seems to have been the usual place of passing into Britain during the Roman Empire and both Claudius and Caligula came to it on that account And Pliny saith it was the shortest and most convenient Passage It began to be called Bononia about the time of Constantine the Great who took it in his Passage to his Father then dying at York Henry the VII of England in 1487. reduc'd this City to a very low condition when he entred France for the Protection of the Dutchy of Britain but then Charles the VIII of France bought his Peace and preserv'd it His Son Henry the VIII took
Brivodurum and Breviodurus Bricquia a Province in the lesser Asia formerly called Licia Bridgend a Market-Town in Glamorganshire in Wales in the Hundred of New-Castle Bridge-North a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesdon upon the Severn Heretofore fortified since demolished Bridlingtou or Burlington a small Town in the County of York where Mary Queen of England Landing from Holland February 22. 1642. was most barbarously treated by 4 Parliament Ships which a great while plaid with their Cannon on the Town and especially on that House in which the Queen was entertained Bridge-Water a Corporation in Somersetshire upon the South side of the River Parret which about five Miles further falls into the Irish Sea 13 Miles from Wells to the West and 23 from Bristol to the South-West It was a great and a populous Town as Mr. Camden saith but suffered very much in the old Rebellion by the Scots July 23. 1645. And on Sunday July 5. 1685. the late Duke of Monmouth Natural Son to Charles II. of ever blessed Memory was entirely defeated being then in Rebellion against K. James II. upon a Moor near this place by the Providence of God and the Courage of the Earl of Feversham who the same day marched to Bridge-Water the Rebels having before his coming deserted it and dispers'd themselves The greatest Honor this Town has is to give the Title of an Earl to the Right Honourable John Egerton whose Father was created Earl of Bridge-VVater May 17. 1617. in the 5th Year of James I. being the Son and Heir of Thomas Egerton Lord Chancellor of England who was created Baron of Ellesmere in 1603 and Viscount Brackley in 1616. Bridport a Market-Town in Dorsetshire The Capital of its Hundred 2 Miles from the Sea to which it had formerly a very good Haven This Town was famous in the time of K. Edward the Confessour It sends 2 Burgesses to the Parliament Brie a Country part within the Government of the Isle of France and part in the Province of Champagne betwixt the Rivers Seine and Marne Meaux sur Marne is the Capital Town of it It is very fruitful In Latin call'd Bria Brigeium and Brigiensis saltus Brie-Compte-Robert a Town in the Country precedent upon the River Iere four or five Leagues from Paris Brieg Brega a Town upon the Oder in Silesia in Germany betwixt Oppelen and Breslaw The same is the Capital of the Dutchy of Brieg Brienne a small Town in Champagne in France upon the River Aube with the Title of an Earldom near Troyes between Bar-sur-Aube and Planci This Place gives Name to the antient House of Brienne Brighthelmston a Market-Town in Sussex in Lewis-Rape by the Sea Side Brignoville Brinnonia Brinnola a Town and Bailywick in Provence in France near the River Caramie Understood by some to be the Forum Veconii by others the Matavonium of the Antients Charles V. the Emperor took it in 1536. The Leaguers surprized it in 1589. Brille or Briel a Town and Port of Holland in a good Soil but a gross Air at the Confluence of the Rhine and the Meuse in a small Island of this Name It was surprized by the Dutch in 1572. by the help of the Succors obtained from Queen Elizabeth And this Action was as the first Foundation of the Commonwealth of Holland Brin Eburum Arsicua Brinum Brina a City of Moravia seated upon the River Zwitta where it falls into that of Swarta 7 German Miles South of Olmitz This was the only place which in 1645. and 1646. held out for the Emperour against the Swedes in all Moravia when being besieg'd it broke the Swedish Army and forc'd them to rise call'd by some Bruna written Brenne also Brindisi Brundusium is an Archiepiscopal City in the Kingdom of Naples which has a strong Castle and a safe Harbour at the mouth of the Gulph of Venice 36 Miles from Tarento to the East Pompey retired hither after his overthrow in the Year of Rome 705. and was obliged to leave the place again because Caesar pursued him In the Year 735. the incomparable Virgil died here that is about 19 years before the coming of our Saviour It has been several times ruin'd and repair'd Brioude Brivas Vicus Briatensis a great and antient Town in the Province of Auvergne in France upon the Allier The Emperour Avitus was buried in the Church of S. Julianus here The Chapter takes the Title of Earls of Brioude being in the first institution Knights Confederated to make War against the Normans in the Year 898. § 2 Leagues from this place stands Brioude la Vieille upon the same River where there is a Bridge to cover it compos'd of one Arch so extraordinary long and high as scarce to have its parallel in Europe Briqueras or Briquerasco Briquerascum a considerable Town in the Principality of Piedmont 4 or 5 Leagues from Pignerol with a Castle Taken by the Sieur de Lesdiguieres in 1592. and retaken by Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy in 1594. Also famous in the Wars of Piedmont in the years 1629. 30. and 31. Brisach Brisacus Mons a City with a very strong Castle in the Territory of Brisgow in Alsatia with a Stone Bridge upon the Rhine 6 German Miles from Basil to the North and 7 from Strasburg and a from Colmar It was a Free Imperial City till 1330. when it was exempted and given to the House of Austria call'd therefore the Key of Germany the Cittadel of Alsatia and the Pillow on which the House of Austria slept with security In 1633. Gustavus Horne a Swede besieg'd it vain but in 1638. it was taken by the French under the command of the Duke of Weimar who are still in Possession of it their Title being confirm'd by the Treaty of Westphalia or Munster in 1648. and afterwards by the Treaty of the Pirenees in 1659. Brisag or Brisiaco a Town under the Grisons upon the Lake Majour in Italy between Locarna Canobia and Domo Brisgow Brisgovia is a Province of Germany lying on the East of the Rhine and the West of Wirtenburg and on the South clos'd with the Canton of Basil The principal place is Friburg This Province is in part under the House of Austria and in part under the French Brisach which was once its Capital being under the latter but the greatest part under the former The Prince of Conde obtain'd a Victory here in 1644. when General Merci was kill'd Brissach a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the River Aubance below Saumur It gives the Title of a Duke Bristoll Bristolium Venta Belgarum Venta Silurum is a noble City in the County of Somerset upon the River Avon which runs through the midst of it and so part of it stands in Glocestershire but then it is a County of itself and belongs to neither of them It is a neat strong clean populous rich well traded City and after London and York the Third principal Place of England the Inhabitants of this City Trading
Mount Hemus dividing Macedonia from Thrace Kassel See Cassel Katsbach Cattus a River in Silesia which washeth Lignitz Kaufbeurn Kaufbura a City in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany in the Territory of Algow upon the River Wertach between the Bishoprick of Ausburg to the East and the Territory of the Abbat of Kempten not above sixteen Miles from the Confines of Bavaria to the West eight from Ausburg to the South and five from Nimmeguen to the East This Town bought its Liberty of Conrade II. Emperour of Germany at the price of fifty thousand Crowns when it had been two hundred years in the Possession of the Barons Uon Hoff who coming out of France into the Service of Lotharius the Emperour built it in 1340. It embraced the Reformation in 1624. Kaunberg See Haynburgh Keci Daona the Capital City of the Kingdom of Tunking in the East-Indies Kederminster or Kidderminster a Market Town in Worcestershire in the Hundred of Halfshire upon the River Stower over which it has a Bridge well inhabited and traded for its Stuffs and beautified with a fair Church Keisers-Lautern Caesaropolis a City in the Palatinate of the Rhine upon the River Lauter near the Dukedom of Bipont six Leagues from Spire to the West a little less from Worms called by the French Caseloutre it has a Castle and a Territory or Jurisdiction belonging to it which surrendred to the Marquess de Boufflers the thirtieth of September 1688. Kelaggebar See Petra Keldan Chaldaea a Province of Asia in Assyria towards the Conjunction of the Euphrates and Tygris often called Babylonia from its Capital City This Province which lay all on the West of the Euphrates and Tygris by the taking of Bagdat fell under the Dominion of the Turks whereas before it was under the Persians The Principal Cities in it are Bagdat Cufa and Vaset It is now called Yerach Arabi and Kaldar Kelh or Kill Kylli Celbis a rapid River of Germany much celebrated for plenty of Fish and Corn Mills It washeth Gerhardstein Kilburgh and Erang then falls into the Maes beneath Treves almost over against the Mouth of the Roer or Rober. This River is called Rapidus Celbis in Ausonius Kellen Trdjana Colonia once a City now a Village in the Dukedom of Cleves Keller Ampt the Territory belonging to the City of Zell in the Bishoprick of Breme upon the River Aller See Zell Kelnsey Ocellum a Promontory in the South of the East Riding of Yorkshire commonly called Holderness upon the North side of the Humber over against Saltfleet in Lincolnshire See Holderness Kemach Camachus a City of Cilicia in the Lesser Asia in the Borders of the Lesser Armenia which was made a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople by Leo the Emperour Now a mean Village under the slavery of the Turks Baudrand writes it Chemach Kemois a People in Chochin-China Kempen or Kampen a Territory in Brabant which was of old the Seat of the Toxandri by the latter Latin Writers called Campinia It is called by the Flandrians Het Kempelandt The greatest part of it lies in the North of the Bishoprick of Liege towards the Maes and the District of Boisleduc and contains also the South part of the Counties of Lootz and Hoorn in which are the Towns of Masark Bering c. The lasser part of it lies in the Dukedom of Brabant in the Territory of Boisleduc between Peeland Osterwick and the Kempen in Liege The only Town of any Note in this part is Eyndhoven which is in the Hands of the Hollanders See Eyndhoven Kempten Drusomagus Campodunum Campidona a City of Schwaben in Germany in the Territory of Algow It is one of the most ancient Cities of Germany being mentioned by Ptolemy and had heretofore a Castle called the Burghald which is now pulled down and ruined This was the Seat of the old Dukes of Schwaben amongst which Hildebrand was of great fame whose Daughter Hildegard marrying to Charles the Great founded here a Monastery the Abbat of which as a Prince of the Empire was Lord of the City till the Inhabitants purchased their Liberty of one of them with a vast sum of Mony after which it was annexed to the Empire and in 1625. obtained a Charter from Frederick III. who gave them an Eagle for their Arms one half Gold with a Crown Maximilian I. and Charles V. both determined the Controversies between them and their Abbot It is now governed by a mixture of an Aristocracy and a Democracy and it embraced the Reformation in 1530. This City is seated upon the River Iler which falls into the Danube over against Vlm five German Miles from Memmingen to the South twelve from Constance to the East and twelve from Vlm to the South The Monastery founded by Hildegardis was of the Order of St. Benedict Ken or Kan a River of Westmorland on which Kendall stands having two Cataracts descending with a great noise near that place Kenchester Ariconium a desolate Roman Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Grimsworth Kendal a Town Earldom and Barony in Westmorland seated upon the West side of the River Ken or Kan in the South part of that County in a fruitful Valley The Town is not great but rich being a place of Trade and the Inhabitants very industrious in making Cloaths It has two fair Stone Bridges over the River and another of Wood. Also a large Church to which belong twelve Chappels of Ease and a Free-School endowed with Exhibitions for Scholars going thence to Queen's College in Oxon and seven Halls for so many respective Companies of Tradesmen John Duke of Bedford Regent of France and Brother to Henry V. was by him created Earl of Kendale John de Foix received the same Title from King Henry VI. Queen Catharine the sixth Wife to King Henry VIII was born in a Castle here whose ruins may yet be seen The Barony is in the Earl of Pembroke The Ward called Kendal Ward takes its Name from this place Kenelworth a large beautiful strong Castle in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Knightlow which in the Reign of Henry III. stood a Siege of six Months and being at last surrendred there was here a Proclamation issued out That all that had born Arms against the King should pay five years Rent of their Land which was called Dictum de Kenelworth In the Reign of Queen Elizabeth it was given to Robert Dudley Earl of Leicester who spent very freely in the Repair of it so that it was then the second or third Castle of England Kenet a River in Wiltshire running Westward thence through Berkshire into the Thames at Reading where a fair Bridge covers it Newbury and Hungerford are both seated upon it Kenkis Anchialo Anohialus a City of Thrace which is an Archbishops See and has a Haven upon the Mouth of the River Eriginus upon the Euxine fifteen Miles from Mesember to the South-East It is under the Turks and not expressed in our latest Maps Kensington a Town in Middlesex in
it Lepseck and Lasipio the Europeans Lampsaco It is now in a tolerable good Condition and the See of an Archbishop Xerxes King of Persia gave the Revenues of this City to Themistocles the Athenian in his Banishment to find him Wine It consists of about two hundred Houses inhabited partly by Turks partly by Christians It has a very fine Mosque whose Portico is supported by Red Marble Pillars the same was formerly a Christian Church as appears by the Crosses that yet remain on the Capitals of the Pillars This City has even at this day a great many fine Vineyards especially on the South-side fenced in with Pom granate Trees Wheeler p. 76. In the antient Roman Times the God Priapus was revered here In the Year of Christ 364 the Demi-Arrians in a Council at this City condemned the Forms of Faith that had been published by the Councils of Rimini and Constantinople confirming another made by the Council of Antioch in 341. There was also a second Synod assembled here about the Year 369. Lampura Selampura a City of India beyond Ganges mentioned by Ptolemy Lancashire Lancastria is a part of that Country which was of old possessed by the Brigantes This County has Westmorland and Cumberland on the North Yorkshire on the East Cheshire on the South and the Irish Sea on the West In length from North to South fifty seven Miles in breadth thirty two containing twenty six Market Towns sixty one Parishes and many Chappels of Ease equal for the multitude of Inhabitants to Parishes Watered with the Rivers Mersey Rible Son all three running from East to West into the Irish Sea and the first serving as a Boundary betwixt this County and Cheshire besides the great Lakes of Merton and Winder which last divides it from Westmorland Where the ground is plain and champaign it yieldeth good store of Wheat and Barley the foot of the Hills is fitter for Oats All is tolerably useful and good except the Mosses or Bogs which yet afford excellent Turffs for firing There is also Marle in many places and in some Trees are found under Ground which have lain there many Ages This County is a Palatinate and has many Royal Privileges belonging to it In the time of Henry of Bullingbroke afterwards King of England the fourth of that name and first of Lancaster the half of the Lands of Bohun Earl of Hereford Essex and Northampton being added to what before belonged to the Honor of this County which was then a Dukedom it became the richest Patrimony that was in the hand of any one Subject in Christendom and in that Prince's Person it was annexed to the Crown of England and never since granted to any Subject whatsoever Lancaster Alione Mediolanum Lancastria The Town which gives name to this County stands on the South Bank of the River Lunne or Lone from which it is supposed to be denominated five Miles from the Irish Seas and towards the Northern Bounds of the County It seems to Mr. Cambden to be the Longovicum of the Romans which was one of their Military Stations Not overmuch peopled and consequently not extraordinarily rich It has a small but fair and strong Castle built on a Hill near the River and one large fair Parish Church with a S one Bridge of five Arches over the River Lon. This Town in 1322. was burnt by the Scots in an inroad they made into England and although it is thereby removed into a better Situation yet it may be presumed to be the less at this day for that Calamity Of the House of Lancaster abovementioned Henry the Fourth Fifth Sixth and Seventh inherited the Crown of England The last of which marrying Elizabeth Daughter and Heiress to Edward IV. of the House of York united those two Houses of York and Lancaster whose competition for the Crown under the names of the Red and the White Roses had caused the effusion of more English Blood than was spent in the Conquest of France Lancaster stands in the Hundred of Loynsdale and returns to the Parliament two Burgesses Long. 20. 48. Lat. 54. 05. Lanceston or Launceston the County Town of Cornwall in the Hundred of East upon the banks of the little River Kensey not far from its fall into the Tamer Well inhabited marketed and traded It returns to the House of Commons two Burgesses Lanciano or Lansano Anxanum the capital City of the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples and an Archbishop's See built five Miles from the Adriatick two from the River Saras now il Sangro about eighty from Naples to the North and a little more from Ancona to the South This City was raised to the Dignity of an Archbishoprick in 1562 and built as is supposed upon the Ruins of the antient Anxanum Long. 38. 55. Lat. 42. 27. Landaff Landava Landuvia a small City and Bishops See in Glamorganshire in Wales seated on the North side of the River Taff. over which it has a Bridge about three Miles from the Irish Sea to the North. The Cathedral and Bishoprick hereof was founded by S. Germanus and Lupus two Holy French Bishops who came twice into Britain to extinguish the Pelagian Heresie about the Year 522. They preferred Dubricius a holy Man to this new-founded See to whom Meuricke a British Lord freely gave all the Land that lies between the Taff and Eleâ— But this See has since met with others of a contrary temper who have reduced it to that Poverty that it is scarce able to maintain its Bishop The present Dr. William Beaw is the LXXVI Bishop consecrated in 1679. June 22. Many Synodal Constitutions we find in the Councils were made and published by the Bishops of this See in antient times Landaw Landavia a City of Germany in the Lower Alsatia in the Territory of Wasgow upon the River Queich in the Confines of the Palatinate of the Rhine four Leagues from Spire to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but by the Treaty of Munster yielded to the French who still have it L'andramiti Adramytium a City of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ephesus called by the Europeans Andromiti by the Turks Endroinit in which word there is a further account of it Landrecy Landrecium a City in Hainault small but well fortified It is seated at the Fountain of the River Sambre Sabis six Leagues from Valenciennes to the North-East and two from the Borders of Picardy to the North. This has been made at once famous and miserable by the frequent Sieges it has suffered of late But by the Pyrenean Treaty it was put into the hands of the French The Emperor Charles V. besieged it in 1542. for six months with fifty thousand Men and retired from it at last without success The Lands End Antivestaeum Bolerium Ocrinum the most Western Cape or Promontory of England in the County of Cornwal Landshut Landshutum a City of Germany in the Lower Bavaria in the Marquisate of
England Bounded on the North with the German Ocean on the East in part by the same Ocean in part by Suffolk on the South by the Rivers of VVaveney and the little Ouse which part it from Suffolk on the West with the great Ouse and towards Lincolnshire with that part of the Nene which passeth from VVisbich to the Washes It containeth in length from Yarmouth to VVisbich fifty Miles in breadth from Thetford to VVells thirty in circuit about two hundred and forty The Southern parts which are Wood Lands are fruitfull the Northern or Champain barren and dry In the whole are six hundred and sixty Parishes and thirty one Market Towns and besides the VVaveney and the Ouse watered by the Rivers Yare and Thryn It s Capital City Norwich The largest County next to Yorkshire in England and surpassing even Yorkshire in populousness In the time of the Heptarchy it was a part of the Kingdom of the East-Angles The first Earl of Norfolk was Ralph de VVaet Created in the Year 1075. After whom succeeded the Bigots from 1135 to 1270 in six Descents In 1313 Tho. de Brotherton a Son of Edward I. was made Earl of Norfolk Margaret his Daughter in 1398 was made Duchess whose Son Thomas Mowbray and his Descendents continued the Honor to the Year 1461. In 1475 Richard Duke of York was made Duke of Norfolk In 1483 John Lord Howard was vested with the same Honor in whose Family it now is Henry the present Duke of Norfolk being the ninth Duke of this Race Norimburgh See Nurenberg Norin a fort of Dalmatia betwixt the River Narenta and the branch thereof called Norin which returns into the bed of the Narenta again Under the Venetians Norkoping Norcopia a small City in Sweden between two Lakes five Miles from the Baltick Sea in the Province of Ostrogothia by the River Motala ten Miles from the Lake Veter East Normandy Neustria Normannia is a great and fruitful Province in France which has the Title of a Dukedom It has this name from the Normans who under Rollo their first Duke setled here in the time of Charles the Simple King of France Bounded on the North and West by the British Sea on the East by Picardy on the South by le Perche and le Maine It lies sixty six Leagues from East to West and from North to South about thirty the principal City in it is Roan or Roiien This Province is divided into twelve Counties but more usually into the Upper and Lower Normandy the former containing the Bailywicks of Roiien Eureux Caux and Gisors the other those of Alenzon Caen and Constantin It s principal Rivers are the Seine Eure Risle Dive Soule Ouve c. A cold Climate plentiful in Corn Cattel and Fruits but generally wanting Wine It yields some Mines of Iron and Brass together with Medicinal Waters Is better inhabited by Gentry than almost any other Province of France and reckons above a hundred Cities and a hundred and fifty great Towns standing in it Rollo the first Duke under whom the Normans besieged Paris three times obtained that Title in 912. from Charles the Simple who gave his Daughter in Marriage to him upon condition to hold Normandy in homage to the Crown William the base Son of Robert the sixth Duke Conquered England in 1066 by which means it was United to the Crown of England till 1202 when King John was outed of it Henry V. about 1420. reconquered this Duchy His Son lost it again about 1450. ever since which time it has been annexed to the Crown of France De Noort Caep Rubaea Rubeae Promontorium is the most Northern Point of Finmark and indeed of all Europe § There is a Cape of the same Name in Guiana in South America Nortgow Nortgovia a Province of Germany between Bohemia to the East the Danube to the East and South which parts it from Bavaria Schwaben and Franconia to the West and Voigtland to the North. The Capital of it is Norimburg This name in the German Tongue signifies the North Country It was the Seat of the antient People Nariscâ— North-Allerton A Market Town in the North-Riding of Yorkshire near the Stream Wisk which falls into the Swale The Capital of its Hundred Northamptonshire Northantonia is seated almost in the midst of England on the North it is parted from Lincolnshire by the River Weland on the East from Huntington by the Nene on the South it has Buckingham and Oxford and on the West Warwickshire separated by Watlingstreet a Roman way From North to South it is forty six Miles in length but not full twenty in breadth where broadest In the whole there are three hundred twenty six Parishes and thirteen Market Towns The Rivers Nen and VVeland have their rise in this County together with the Ouse The Air is temperate the Soil rich fruitful champain full of People The chief Town is Northampton pleasantly seated on the Bank of the River Nen where two Rivulets from the North and South fall into it which for its Circuit Beauty and Buildings may be compared with most of the Cities of England It was burnt by the Danes In the Wars in King John's time it suffered much from the Barons Near this City in 1460. Henry VI. was overthrown and first taken Prisoner by Edward IV. In 1261 the Students of Cambridge are said to have removed hither by the King's Warrant with Intentions to have setled the University here In the Reign of King Charles II. Sept. 1675. it was totally destroyed by Fire but by the favour of that gracious Prince and the chearful Contributions of good People soon rebuilt Long. 19. 40. Lat. 52. 36. To omit the more ancient Families VVilliam Lord Compton was created Earl of Northampton by King James I. in 1618. The present Earl George is the fourth of this Noble Family Northausen Northusia an Imperial Free City of Germany in Thuringia upon the River Zorge between Erford to the South and Halberstad to the North eight German Miles from either This City is under the Protection of the Elector of Saxony and said to have been built by Meroveus I. King of the Franks in the Year of Christ 447. The North Foreland Cantium a Cape of the Isle of Thaâ—â—â—â— in Kent famous for a Sea Fight between the English and the Dutch in 1666. When the brave Duke of Albemarle with only two Squadrons of the English Fleet maintained a Fight against the whole Dutch Fleet of an hundred Sail two days together Prince Rupert coming up in the Evening of the second day the English fell again the third on the Dutch Fleet and beat them home which all things considered was the most wonderful Naval Fight that ever was fought upon the Ocean Northumberland Northumbria is parted on the South by the Derwent and the Tyne from the Bishoprick of Durham on the East it has the German Ocean on the North Scotland on the West Scotland and Cumberland it has the form of a Triangle
one Channel near the City Teneriffa in the Province of S. Martha falling afterwards into the North Sea § Also a Government in Brasil Rioga Rivogia a Province in Spain which was a part of Navarre but now annexed to Old Castile it is divided from Alava by the Douro and lies between Old Castile and Navarre The principal Towns of which are Calzada Legrono Najara and Belorado Riom Riomum Ricomagum a City in the Lower Auvergne in France two Leagues from Clermont to the North in a flourishing State The Capital of Auvergne adorned with a College of Oratorians of the Foundation of Lewis XIV an antient Abbey built in the beginning of the seventh Century two Hospitals and divers Churches and religious Communities Genebrard and Sirmondus the learned Jesuit were produced by this Place Ripa de Transona a small but elegant City in the Marquisate of Ancona under the Pope and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Fermo It stands five Miles from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea the same from the Borders of the Kingdom of Naples and ten from Fermo Pope Pius V. made it a Bishops See in 1571. Ripaille a Town in Savoy upon the Lake of Geneva Ripen Ripa a City in the Kingdom of Denmark in South Jutland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden and has a convenient Harbor upon the German Ocean at the Mouth of the River Nipsick and a Fortress five Miles from Hadersleben to the West and eight from Flensburgh to the South-West This Bishoprick was founded by Balatand King of Denmark in 950. Christopher I. King of Denmark died here in 1259. The City was taken by the Swedes in 1645 but since recovered by the Danes Ripley a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Claro upon the River Nyd Rippon Rhidogunum a Town in Yorkshire in the West Riding in the Hundred of Claro of good Antiquity near the Youre over which it has a Bridge Adorned with a Collegiate Church with three lofty Spires and antiently with a stately Monastery built by Wilfride Archbishop of York till the Danes destroy'd it with the Town Yet Odo Archbishop of Canterbury repaired it again and translated the Reliques of the holy Founder to Canterbury There is a narrow hole in a Vault under ground in the Church called S. Wilfride's Needle It is one of the best Towns in the County well inhabited and of note particularly for making good Spurs Having the Privilege to be a Corporation also represented by two Members in the House of Commons Risano Formio a River of Carniola the upper part of which is called by the Germans Alben the lower by the Italians Risano It springeth out of the Alpes from Mount Ocra in Carniola towards the Lake of Lugea or Czirknitzerzee and flowing Westward through Istria falls by the Bay of Trieste into the Adriatick Sea six Miles from Trieste and two North of Capo di Istria Risano Rhizana a City of Dalmatia mentioned by Ptolemy Pliny and Polybius which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza under the Dominion of the Turks and accordingly much depopulated and ruined It stands forty Miles from Raguza towards Scodra from which thirty Long. 45. 15. Lat. 42. 00. Risborough a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Aylesbury Risenbergh a Mountain in the Eastern parts of Bohemia out of which the Elbe springeth Rivadava or Rivadeo a City of Gallicia in Spain called by the French Rivedieu it stands upon the Bay of Biscay in the Borders of Asturia at the bottom of an Hill and the Mouth of the River Navius which affords it the convenience of a Port fourteen Spanish Leagues from Oviedo to the West and four from Mondonedo Rivera di Genoua Liguria Littorea is a Country in Italy bounded on the West by the Maritime Alpes by which it is divided from France on the East by the River Magra by which it is divided from Hetruria or Tuscany on the North by the Apennine and on the South by the Mediterranean Sea here called the Ligurian Sea In the middle of it stands the City of Genoua which divides it into the Eastern and Western This is now under the States of Genoua by whom a great part of the Western Division is destinated more to pleasure than profit the rich Genoueses having filled it with Country-Houses where they spend the pleasant time of the Summer and Autumn in noble Palaces and delightful Gardens The Eastern Division supplies them with as much Wine as they need and an extraordinary plenty of good Oil. The principal Place in the Western is Aranza once an inconsiderable Village lately a Place of great Trade and Wealth having sixty Sail of Ships trading into all parts of the World but their Shipping is now declining The principal Place in the Eastern is Sarazana a Town of great strength Rivoli Rivolium a small Town in Piedmont called by the French Rivoles It stands upon the River Doria eight Miles from Turin to the West and has one of the most sumptuous Castles in Piedmont Roan Rotomagus the Capital City of Normandy called by the French Rouen by Caesar and the other ancient Historians Vrbs Velocassium It is an Archbishops See and the Seat of the Parliament of Normandy Great rich populous well built in all respects one of the best Cities in France and thought by some to be the greatest next to Paris It stands upon the Seyne which affords it a noble Harbor and a great Trade at the foot of an Hill twelve Miles above Dieppe and twenty eight beneath Paris with a Bridge upon the Seyne for the convenience of a Land Trade It has an old Castle called the Palace in which the Dukes of Normandy kept their Court and is about seven Miles in compass having besides what lies within the Walls six very great Suburbs and containing in the whole thirty five Parishes with thirty four Monasteries for Men and Women The Castle on S. Catharines Hill is now intirely ruined This City is said by Vitalis lib. 5. to be built by Julius Caesar Valesius proves it one of the most ancient Cities of France and that in the times of Theodosius the Great it was esteemed as a City of the highest rank Taken by the Normans in 889 and assigned to Rollo first Duke of Normandy in 912 when Rollo became a Christian It continued under his Posterity fourteen Descents In 1019. it suffered very much by fire Taken from John King of England by Philip the August King of France in 1204 after it had been in the Hands of the Normans three hundred and sixteen years This City continued under the French till 1418 When the English under Henry V. retook it after a bloody Siege Charles VII of France recovered it to that Crown in 1449. In the times of the late Civil Wars of France it was taken and sacked by the Hugonots in 1562 but recovered after the Battel of Dreux and plundered by the Royal Party Anthony of
Northern Picts by Palladius a Deacon of Rome about 435. The Bishops of Scotland were always subject to the Archbishop of York till 1478 when on the pretence of the frequent Wars between them and England their two Archbishops Sees were erected and they became a separate Church from that of England Scotusa Scotussa a small City in Thessalia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Larissa near to which it stands Scutari or Scutaret Chrysopolis Dianae fanum a Town upon the Propontis in the Lesser Asia over against Constantinople believed by some to be sprung out of the ruins of the ancient Chalcedon Scylla See Scillo Scythia The vast Region anciently understood by this name was divided into Scythia Europaea and Asiatica 1. Scythia Europaea was the Country of the Nomades Basilidae c. lying along the Borysthenes towards the Euxine Sea and the Palus Maeotis making on that side a part of Sarmatia Europaea and now contained properly in the Lesser Tartary But besides this betwixt Moecia Dacia Thrace and the Danube there lay Scythia Europaea Pontica where we have now the East quarters of Bulgaria and the Territories of Dobrzin and Bessarabia Of which the Scythians possessed themselves in the fifth Century 2. Scythia Asiatica was subdivided into Citerior and Vlterior the Hither and Further Seythia by the Mountain Imaus And distributed accordingly betwixt the Sarmatae and Persae to the West India to the South the Tartarian Ocean and the Hyperborei to the North. The antient Alani Sacae and Jaxartae were some of its Native Barbarians This Scythia now lies comprehended in the Desart and great Tartary The Manners of the old Scythians and modern Tartars being much-what the same Scythopolis the ancient Roman name of Bethshan in Palestine upon the Lake of Genezareth which Pliny and Ptolemy misplace in Coelesyria See Bethshan Scrikfinner Scritophinis a People in Scandinavia between Norway to the North and Lapland to the East These People are said to Cloath themselves with the Skins of Beasts like the Samoiedes as is usual with all these Hyperborean Nations Sdille See Delos Sdrin Sdringa Stridonium a City of Dalmatia the Birth place of S. Jerome the most Learned of the Latin Fathers ruined by the Goths but afterwards rebuilt and in some degree Peopled Others place it upon the Confluence of the Mure and the Danube fifteen Miles beneath Rakelspurg in Stiria Seafull a high Hill in the middle of the Island of Man in the Irish Sea which affords the Beholder a Prospect of three Kingdoms at once England to the East Scotland to the North and Ireland to the West Sebaste Sebastia Sebastopolis See Samaria Suvas Saustia and Savatapoli Sebenico Sebenicum Sicum a small City very well fortified in Dalmatia upon the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Spalato under the Venetians ever since 1412. having before been a Maritim City of Croatia It has a Castle and Fort built upon a Rock which are Places of great strength and have four times humbled the Ottoman Forces and preserved this important Place under that State It lies at the Mouth of the River Kerka or Kirka thirty eight Miles from Zara to the East and three hundred from Venice Made a Bishops See by Pope Boniface VIII The ruins of the ancient Sicum of Ptolemy appear at some distance from this City Sebourg a Castle and Seigniory in the Province of Hainault in the Low Countries three Leagues from Valenoiennes and near Bavay It has the honour of the Title of a Viscounty Secchia Gabellus a River of Italy which springeth from the Apennine in the Borders of Carfagnana between Tuscany and the Apennine running Northward and dividing the Dutchy of Modena from that of Reggio in some Places it watereth Sassuola leaving Modena to the East and Cappi to the West it falls into the Po at S. Benedicts Abbey in the Duchy of Mantoua five Italian Miles from Mirandola to the North West Sechy a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Frebridge Seckaw Secovia Secovium a small Castle in Stiria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Saltzburgh erected in 1219 by Pope Honorius III. and Eberbard Archbishop of Saltzburgh It stands upon the River Gayl a little above its fall into the Mure not above four German Miles from the Borders of Austria to the South and twenty from Saltzburgh to the East The Archbishop has the Election and Consecration of this Bishop gives him his Investiture takes an Oath of Fealty from him and he has no Place nor Voice in the Diet of Germany Sedan Sedanum a City in Champagne in France upon the Maes with a very strong Castle Anciently in the Propriety of the Bishop of Reims by whom it was exchanged with the Crown for Cormicy Afterwards it had particular Lords of the Families of Braquemont and Marcan and in the Family of Turene was made a Principality In 1642. this little Principality was forced to submit to the Crown of France It stands sixteen Leagues above Namur to the South and from Verdun to the North in the Frontiers of Champagne and Luxemburgh See Seva Segia a small River in Normandy six Miles from Auranches to the West Seelandt Selandia Codadonia a great Island in the Baltick belonging to the Crown of Denmark separated from Scania to the North by the Sound on the South it has the Baltick Sea It is sixteen German Miles in length twelve in breadth a very fruitful and pleasant spot of ground The Capital of it is Coppenhagen the Royal City of Denmark The rest are Helsinore Cronenburgh and Fridericksburgh and besides these it has three hundred and Forty Parishes Séez Sagiensis Vrbs Sagium Sajorum Civitas Vrbs Seluniorum a City in Normandy in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Roan It stands near the Fountains of the River Orne thirty six Leagues from Paris to the West eleven from Lisieux to the South and five from Alenzon to the East Seged or Segedin Segedunum a City of the Upper Hungary seated upon the Tibiscus where it receives the Merish a great River out of Transylvania in the County of Bodroch twenty six German Miles from Buda to the South-East and fifteen from Colocza Taken by the Turks in 1552. The Imperialists plundred it in 1685 and took it from the Turks without resistance after they were possessed of Buda Segeswar Segethusa Sandava Singidava Segesuaria a City of Transylvania called by the Germans Schezpurg it is seated partly on the side of an Hill partly in a Valley upon the River Cochel which after falls into the Merish ten German Miles from Hermanstadt or Zeben to the North and fourteen from Kronstadt or Brassaw to the West near the foot of the Carpathian Hills Under the Prince of Transylvania Segewoldt Segevoldia a City in Livonia upon the River Teyder five Swedish Miles from the Bay of Riga to the East and seven from Riga to the South-East Segna Senia
that in 1623. there were said to be 3000 English Inhabitants called Bermudas from the Spanish and Summer Islands from the English Discoverer Bermet a City of the hither East-Indies supposed by Castaldus to be the Barbari of Arrian Bern Berna a great and well built City of Switzerland which has its name from a Bear and carries a Bear for its Arms. Built by Bertoldus Duke of Zeringhen in 1191. upon the River Aar which falls into the Rhine at Waldhust a Town of Schwaben and adorned with a Library and an Arsenat that deserve to be remembred It is the cheif City of the Canton of Bern which is one of the largest Cantons and was added to the rest in 1353. To look a little back into the antient History of this City it obtained the right of an Incorporated City from the Emperors Henry IV. and Philip II. Confirmed by Frederick II. it continued under the Empire till 1228. and then put themselves under the Protection of the Duke of Savoy In 1241. it had an unfortunate War with Gothofredus Duke of Habspurg whereupon in 1243. they made a League with Freiburg as also for ten Years with Wallisserlandt in 1251. In 1287. this City was besieged by Rodolphus of Habspurg They suffered much also from Albertus who had a set Battle with them near their Walls in 1291. wherein they lost many Men but had better Success against the Earl of Savoy the same year In 1346. they renewed their League with Freiburg after which followed the Perpetual League in 1353. whereby it obtained the second place amongst the Cantons In 1528. it imbraced the Reformation and thereupon passed a Law against mercenary Service in foreign Wars It stands about 13 Miles from Bazil to the South 4 from Freiburg to the North and about 20 from Geneva to the North-East This Canton is so well replenished with Gentry handsom Towns good Castles and Villages that you may compare it almost to one continued City and as for the Civil Government of it it is managed by two Councils of Senators under a Chief whom they call in French an Avoyer in German Schaltesch which last is an old Word in the Laws of the Lombards See Doctor Burnett's Letters Bernards Castle a Market-Town in Durham in Darlington Wapentake upon the River Tees which takes its name from a Family that first came into England with the Saxons Bernbourg a small City in Germany in the Upper Saxony in the Principality of Anhalt upon the River Saaldar Sala 4 German Miles from Magdebourg towards the South and as many from Dessaw to the West It is dignified with the Title of an Earldom and the Seat of a Castle Bernich Berenice a City of Africa upon the Mediterranean Sea mentioned by Ptolemy and Pliny but called Hesperia by Mela one of the 5 Cities in Pentapolis between the Promontory Boreum now il Capo di Teiones upon the greater Syrtis and the City of Arsinoe to the East It had its antient name from Berenice the Queen of Ptolemy the third King of Egypt as Solinus saith Bernstadt Bernardi Vrbs a Town in Silesia in the Dutchy of Olss in Germany upon the River Veid or Veida 3 or 4 Leagues from Breslaw Beroa Berrhaea believed to be the modern Aleppo was a famous City amongst the Antients reedified by Seleucus Nicanor and sometime an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch See Aleppo § Also an antient Town in Macedonia near the River Lydius Berry Bituricensis Provincia Bituriges a Dukedom in France bounded on the North by Sologne on the East by Nivernois and Bourbone on the West by Poictou and part of Tourein and on the South by Limosin The Principal City of this Province is Bourges divided into 2 parts by the River Chur a rich fruitful and populous Province The antient Inhabitants are famous in History for the 2 Colonies of Gauls they transmitted into Germany and Italy under the Command of Segovesus and Bellovesus both Nephews to Ambigatus King of Gallia Celtiqua in the time of Tarquinius V. King of Rome for from the Conquests by them made proceeds the Division of Gallia Transalpina and Cisalpina See Gallia Bersheba or Beerseba an antient City of Palestine by the way of Gaza to which Abraham and Abimelech gave this name because of the Covenant they there mutually ratified by Oath with each other Gen. 21. 31. It fell afterwards by Lot to the Tribe of Simeon Josh 19. 2. and committed Idolatry with the Apostate Tribes as we collect from Amos 5. 5. and S. Jerom. in loc Some take it to be the same now with Gibel Bertinoro Bretinorium Petra Honorii a City in the Province of Romagna in Italy with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna hither removed from Forlimpopoli It s Situation is upon a little Hill in the Borders of Tuscany near the River Renco S. Bertrand de Cominges Convenae seu Lugdunum Convenarum a City of France at the foot of the Pyrenean Mountains upon the River Garonne in the Earldom de Cominge which was destroyed by the Franks under King Guntchramnus in 584 but rebuilt by S. Bertrand in 1100. and from him in after times it had its present name It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Auch 25 Leagues from Thoulouse to the South and 55 from Bourdeaux to the South-West Berwald a Town beyond the River Oder in the New March in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh remarkable for the Treaty celebrated here in 1631. betwixt the Crowns of France and Sweden and the Princes of Germany Berwick Burcovicum Bervicium Teusis a Town in Northumberland situated upon the North side of the River Twede the most Northern Town in the Kingdom of England and saith Camden the strongest hold in all Britain It stands upon a Promontory so that it is almost totally incompass'd with the Sea and River Delivered up to Henry II. by William King of Scotland as a Pledge for his Ransom being then a Prisoner in England restor'd again by King John upon repayment of the Mony Edward I. in 1297. retook it After this it was won and lost divers times till in the Reign of Edward IV. Sir Thomas Stanley made a final reducement of it to the Crown of England The English Princes have fortified it but especially Queen Elizabeth who Walled it anew within the old Wall and added Out-works after the later Modes by which it was made incredibly strong Henry II. built the Castle and other of our Princes the outward Wall so that all its Works are owing to the English After a long Peace in 1639. this Town saw the English and Scotch Encamped under her Walls again in opposition till a Peace was concluded there Jane 17. However I find before the end of the War they were possessed of it and quitted it Feb. 17. 1646. March 12. 1686. King James II created Mr. James Fitz-James his Natural Son Duke of Berwick Ehis Town lies in Long. 21. d. 43. m. Lat. 55. 48. and sends 2 Burgesses to the
it afterwards in 1544. and kept it all his Life Edward the VI. in the Disorders of his Minority sold or surrendred it to the French again for a much less sum of Money than it cost the Crown of England to gain it The Bishop's See was translated hither from Tournay when the English took that City It lies in Longitude 22. 42. Latitude 50. 30. § Also a small Town in the Province of Gascoigne near the River Gers upon the borders of Bigorre Le Boulenois or the County belonging to Bologne lies in the North part of the Province of Picardy bounded on the West by the British Sea on the North by the County of Guisnes on the East by Artois and on the South by the County of Ponthieu from which last it is separated by the River Canche This County was once an Earldom of it self during which time it gave one King to England and another to Jerusalem Godfrey III. was the latter and King Stephen of England the other it continued so till Bertrand de la Tour the last Earl of it in 1477. sold it to Lewis XI of France who with mighty Ceremony did homage to the Virgin Mary and made her some Promises which his Successors never thought of keeping as may be seen in Dr. Heyli's Cosmography The Bolognese a Territory adjacent to the City of Bologna in Italy generally epitheted la Grassa from its Fruitfulness Dove si legano le vigne con salsâ—ccie where the Vines are tied up with Sausages says the Proverb Bolsena Volsinium a City of S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy which was the seat of a Bishop untill the Translation thereof to Orvieto It gives Name to the Lake Bolsena in which the Island of Matana stands where the Queen Amalazonte was put to death by the ungrateful Theodatus Bolsover a Market-Town in Derbyshire in the Hundred of Scarsdale The Duke of Newcastle has a Seat here Bolswert or Boleswart a Town in West-Friâ—sland in the Earldom of Holland about 3 Leagues from Leeu Warden Bolton a Market-Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Salford with the Title of a Duke of late to the Lord Marquess of Winchester Bolzano a small Town in the Vicentine in Italy under the Republick of Venice upon the River Adige Others place it in the Trentine and say it is a very Trading Place Bombon a Province of Peru in the West-Indies towards the River Xauxa Bommel Bommelia an Island beautified with a fair Town in the Dutchy of Guelderland The Town stands upon the River Maes two German Miles from Boislâ—duc towards Vtrecht and belongs properly as a Fee to the Dutchy of Brabant in the Confines of which it is but it is under the Vnited Provinces In 1672 it was taken by the French and deserted the next year after they had dismantled it The Island in which it stands is about thirteen Miles in length and lies between the Wael to the North and the Maes to the South call'd by the Dutch Bommelweert Some take it for the Insula Batavorum of Cesar Bon Bonna Ara Vbiorum and Verona Bonne is one of the principal Cities of the Bisho rick of Cologne and the usual Seat of that Elector upon the Rhine four German Miles from Cologne It was first a Roman Colony called Colonia Julia Bonna and frequently mention'd in the ancient Historians on that Account In the middle Ages it became a Free Imperial City Frederick of Austria was here elected and Crowned in 1314. against Lewis of Bavaria In 942. here was a Synod held In 1588. the Duke of Parma took it by Famine In 1673. the Prince of Orange took it from the French who had surprised it the year before and restored it to the Empire it has for a long time been exempted from the Empire and possessed by the Electors of Cologne Accordingly the Cardinal of Furstemburg in pursuance of his Election to the Archbishoprick of Cologne Jul. 19. 1688. took possession of it whose Pretences on the one side being justified by the King of France and on the other being opposed both by the Emperor and the Pope produc'd the general War that now flames among the European Princes And though Bonne in this Conjuncture was strongly inforced for its Security with a French Garrison yet after about a Months Siege by the Elector of Brandenburg with the Forces of the Allies under his Command it was obliged to surrender to them Octob. 12. 1689. This Town lies in Long. 28. 40. Lat. 50. 42. § Bonne Hippo a City of the Province of Constantine in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa upon the Mediterranean famous for it's being an Episcopal See heretofore in the Person of the Great S. Austin Hippo was quite destroy'd by the Caliphr in 651. This of Bonne was built near its Ruines and call'd by the Arabians Beled-el-Vgneb by the Christians Bonne as being the best and fruitfulest Country in Barbary The K. of Tunis built it a Castle in the year 1500. Charles V. Emperor destroy'd all its Fortifications in 1535. The Turks have since repaired it and it is provided with a little Port. § Also a Town in the Province of Fossigni in the Dukedom of Savoy upon the Rivulet of Menoy or Monole 3 or 4 Leagues from Geneva supposed to be the ancient Banta Bonaire one of the Leeward Islands of America which has its name from the Goodness of the Air. Taken from the Dutch by the Buccaniers in 1686. in 12 d. of Lat. Bonconvento a small Town in the Province of Tuscano in Italy upon the River Ombrone near Siena It was here that the Emperor Henry VII was poysoned in 1313. Boncourt a Village upon the River Eure in the Diocese of Eureux in the Province of Normandy in France Strangely consumed by an unaccountable Wild-fire in the 4 years preceding 1670. Boni a Town upon the Loire between Nevers and Orleans the ancient residence of the Knights of S. Lazarus an Order now abolished in France and incorporated with that of S. Maurice in Savoy Bonifacio a City in the Island of Corsica which has a Port belonging to it Thought to be the Palla of Ptolemy It is well built and traded and secured by one of the best Fortresses in Europe The Streights betwixt the Islands of Corsica and Sardinia receive the Name of le Bocche di Bonifacio from hence which Geographers conclude to be the same with the Fretum Taphros of Pliny the Fretum Etruscum of Ptolemy and the Sinus Sardonius of Eustatius They are sometimes also called le bocche di Beixonnere Bonneval a Town in the Province of Beauce upon the Loyre in France 6 Leagues from Chartres and 3 from Chasteau dun Boâ—h its Name and Rise is come from a great Abbey of the Benedictines here Bonneville Bonopolis the Capital Town of the Province of Fossigni in Savoy about 5 Leagues from Annecy and Geneva upon the River Arve at the Foot of the Mountains and at present but little considerable Bononia in Italian
Behat falling into the Indus have their Sources therein Long. 305. and Lat. 31. In this City their Kings resided heretofore There are two Fortresses standing in it Cabusco a Mountain in the Kingdom of Persia Cacagioni Charox a City of the Lesser or Crim Tartary Cacari a River and Town of Mongrelia Cacceres Caceres de Camarhina a City in the principal Philippine Island of Lusson or Manilha upon the Streights of Manilha with a good Port to the same and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Manilha Cacelina a City of Bithynia antiently call'd Chalcedon Cachan a large City in the Province of Hyrach in Persia 22 Leagues from Ispahan Above a thousand Families of Jews said to be of the Tribe of Juda dwell in it It is a famous Place for Brocards Cachar the Indus or great River of the East-Indies Caco Cacus Caunus a Mountain in the Kingdom of Aragon in the Confines of the Kingdom of Old Castile now call'd also Moncaio Cadenac a small Town in the County of Quercy in France upon the River Lot and the Borders of Rovergue 8 or 9 Leagues from Cahors Some take it to be the Vxellodunum of the antient Gaul which stood out the last of all their Towns against Caesar Cadillac a small Town in the Province of Guienne in France near the Garrone in a fertile Soil and adorn'd with one of the best Castles in this Province Cachieu or Sierra Liona a Sea Port Town on the Coast of Guiney much frequented by the Europeans towards the Promontory of Leaena This Place was first discovered by the Portugals in 1452. Cadiz Gades is an Island and City on the Coast of Spain in the Atlantick Ocean call'd Cadis and Cales by the English and Cadice by the Italians But small as being only 4 Leagues in length whereas it was once much greater as Pliny and Strabo both affirm It lies on the Coast of the Kingdom of Andalusia to which it is now joyn'd by a Bridge between the Outlet of the River Guadalquivir or Baetis and the Streights of Gibraltar On the Western Shoar of this Island lies CADIS which gives Name to the Island built by the Phenicians and is perhaps the oldest Town in Spain In the times of the Romans it was made a Municipal City and one of the Juridical Resorts for the Province of Baetica in which time it was thought one of the Noblest and Richest Cities in all Spain scarce yeilding to any in the Empire for Greatness Magnificence or the Number and Quality of the Inhabitants here living at one time five hundred Roman Knights which Number was not equalled in any other Place but Padua only beside the great Concourse of Merchants from all places of the World which occasioned Cornelius Balba a Native of it to build a New Town to the old one By the Moors at the Conquest of Spain it was utterly ruined and so contitinued till it was recovered from them by the Spaniards who rebuilt and fortified it and made it the Magazine for their Navies Yet it was taken by the English in one Day under Robert Earl of Essex and Sir Walter Rawleigh in which they burnt the Indian Fleet consisting of forty Sail of Ships whose Lading was worth eight Millions of Crowns overcame the Spanish Navy which consisted of fifty seven Men of War took the S. Michael and S. Andrew two great Gallions with their Lading and carried away more Martial Furniture than could be again supplied in many Years forced the Town in which they slew and took Prisoners 4000 Foot and 600 Horse and brought thence a considerable Booty in 1596. This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sevil. Long. 14. 10. Lat. 36. 28. Juno had a Temple formerly in her Honor in this Island thence call'd Junonis Insula and also Hercules another in which Caesar wept to reflect upon the Actions of Alexander the Great at the Age of thirty three After the Reduction of Spain by Caesar he left a Roman Colony at Cadis with the Name of Julia Gaditana The Antients believed it to be the utmost boundary of Navigation calling the two Mountains near it at the Mouth of the Streights the Pillars of Hercules Here the Spanish Gallions rendezvouse It is one of the Keys of Spain and of so very great Importance that Charles V. recommended it particularly together with Flushing in the Low-Countries and Goulet in Africa to the Care of his Son King Philip II. as absolutely necessary for the Conservation of his Empire Columella was a Native hereof with Canius a Poet mentioned by Martial I l Cadoriue the most Northern Country of all Italy towards the County of Tyrol and the Alpes contained within the Marcha Trevisana in the States of the Republick of Venice It s Capital Town is Pieve di Cadore Cadouin a famous Abbey of the Order of the Cistercians in the Province of Perigord in France where they pretend to preserve a Handkerchief of our Saviour's brought out of Jerusalem in 1105. and since visited by S. Lewis K. of France in 1269. by Charles VI. and Lewis XI as a most extraordinary Relick Caen Cadomus famous for a Bishop's See and an University on the River Orne about 4 Leagues from the British Sea 28 from Roan to the South In the year 1063. the Archbishop of Roan held a Council here in the Presence of William the Conqueror King of England who died in 1087. in the 74th year of his Age at Roan and being deserted after his Death by all his Friends and Servants was after a long time interr'd by the Monks here with small Pomp in the Abbey of St. Stephen which he him self had Founded as his Queen had done that of the Holy Trinity The University was Founded by Henry V. K. of England who took this City from the French after a sharp resistance by Storm in 1417. It s Long. is 22. 20. Lat. 49. 40. The learned Bochartus was none of the least Ornaments of this Place They bear three Fleur de Lysses in their Arms as a Token of their Fidelity to the Crown Caer-Cadon the Welsh Name of the City of Bath Caerdif See Landaff Caerick-Fergus See Knock-Fergus Caer-Leon Chester Caer-Leon Isca Legionis Legio Secunda an antient Roman Town upon the Vsk in the County of Monmouth which was once one of the Metropolitan Seats of Britain and an University till the See was removed to S. Davids The City was ruined in the Reign of Henry II. but there are still many very honourable Marks of its Antiquity and Splendor digged up here for which the Reader may consult Mr. Camden The Romans quartered the Second Legion called Augusta in it to bridle the Silures King Arthur kept his Court here It stands 9 Miles East from Landaf 21 from Brecknock South-East and 26 from Hereford South-West Newport has sprung out of its Ruins and stands a little beneath it on the Severn Caer-Lud London Caermarthenshire is one of the Twelve Counties in VVales bounded
which about one hundred years since saith Mr. Wheeler was nothing but an old Castle and the present Suburbs of the Castati But now it is a good large City and an Archbishops See well fortified with Walls on the South and two Castles at the East and West Ends the side towards the Harbour is not so well fortified nor needs it This Town would be almost impregnable were it not for a Rock that stands towards the the West and commands the adjoining Fort with a great part of the Town Here resides the chief Govour of the Venetian Islands both in Civil and Military concerns The Inhabitants are of the Greek Church but much Latinized The Soil not so fruitful of Corn as to supply the Inhabitants but then it produceth Wine Oil and all sorts of good Fruit. In the year 1537. Solyman II. Emperour of the Turks sent his famous General Barberoasse with an Army of five and twenty thousand Men to make a Descent upon this Island as they accordingly did but were forced by the Venetians to an Inglorious Retreat thence again Cory one of the chief Towns in Georgia called Hermastis and Armactica by the Latins There is another of the same Name in Dalmatia mentioned by Pliny and Ptolomy under the Name of Corinium five or six Miles from Novigrod upon a Hill and a third in the Ecclesiastical State in Italy Coria Caurium Caurita a City upon the River Alagnon in Old Castile five or six Leagues from the Frontiers of Portugal The Bishop of it is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Compostella Corinth Corinthus Heliopolis a City of the Morea which is an Archbishoprick under the Patriarch of Constantinople built in the year of the World 3066. near the Isthmus between the Ionian and Aegaean Seas At first subject to Kings but growing powerful and rich by Commerce it became a Common-wealth It s situation affording it two Noble Havens to the East and West it was the first City of Greece that set out Trireines or great Gallies to Sea by which it became the richest and one of the most powerful Cities in all Greece it treated the Roman Embassadors with that Insolence that they decreed the total ruine of it which was effected by L. Mummius Achaius 146. years before the Birth of our Saviour Julius Caesar re-built it S. Paul converted it to Christianity and honoured it with two Epistles and Clemens Romanus with a third of the next immediate antiquity and value Thus it became the Metropolis of Achaia in after-times it had Despots or Princes of its own from whom it passed to the Venetians by their Grant But in 1458. Mahomet II. dispossed that Republick of this Noble City and they have since treated it with so much Tarkish cruelty that there are not many Houses in it inhabited by poor Men rather out of necessity than choice It is hoped the Venetians may give it another resurrection out of its desolation and ruines they having recovered it in Aug. 1687. without opposition They now call it vulgarly Corantho The old Acrocorinthus a strong Cittadel built upon the top of a very high Hill and the proud Curtezans here of higher prizes than for every one to give it is supposed severally or together occasioned the Proverb Non licet omnibus adire Corinthum Long. 49. 15. Lat. 38. 11. § Apollodorus writes of three Corinths more the first in Thessalia the second in Epirus the third in Elis. Corlin Corlinum a City in Pomerania subject the Duke of Brandenburg ever since 1648. upon the River Persant three German Miles from the Baltick Sea and five from Treptow to the East It has a Castle and was before subject to the Bishop of Camin Corneto Cornuetum a Bishops See in union with that of Monte Fiascone subject only to the Pope in the State of the Church upon the River Marta four Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and forty six from Rome to the West very little inhabited being unhealthfully seated Cornovaile or Cornoaille a Territory in Britany in France called Corisopitum by the Latin Writers the Capital of which is Quimper-Corantine Cornwall Cornubia Cornavii Damnonii is the most Western County of England It has Devonshire on the East from which the River Tamer parts it and on all the other sides is surrounded with the Sea For a long time the Store-house of Tin to the whole World till in 1240. there were other Mines of this found in Misnia and Bohemia by a Cornishman The Soil of this County is tolerably fruitful but Mountainous In some Rocks they find a sort of a Precious Stone call'd the Cornish Diamond shaped and polished by Nature and many times as big as a Walnut only not so hard as a Diamond of the right kind The Inhabitants are the Reliques of the old Britains and still retain their Language It was by Edward II. in 1336. made a Dukedom and given to his Son Edward and has ever since belonged to the Eldest Son of the King of England who is born Duke of Cornwall Coro a City of South America near the Sea in the Province of Venezuela under the Spaniards It is built after the manner of Venice upon a Lake amongst a number of little Islets Thence often it self call'd Venezuela or Little Venice Coromandel a Kingdom on the East side of the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies divided from the Malabars by the Mountains of Balagatta which run from North to South to the Cape of Comori it lies along the Eastern Shoar an hundred Leagues in length St. Thomas a Town in 32. deg of Latitude is in this Kingdom in which the Portuguese found Christians of the Greek Church when they came first hither who put the City into their Hands and they enjoy it still it hath many good Harbours much frequented by the Europeans especially in Winter The Natives are yet for the most part stupid Pagan Idolaters as Mr. Herbert saith and and of a Dusky Complexion This Country was divided amongst many Princes but at present is subject to one saith Mendelslo who resides some times at Bisnagar and some times at Narsinga Coron Corona a Maritime City in the Morea on the Southern Shoar opposite to the Coast of Barbary it is situate on the richest and most fruitful Province of this Country called Belvedora ten Miles by Land and twenty by Sea from Modon The Venetian's built here in 1463. a great Tower for a Magazine but they enjoyed it not long for Bajazet II. took it after a Siege in 1498. It was attempted in 1533. by the famous Johni Doria Admiral of Spain and taken but could not be long kept It was taken again by the Venetians after a sharp Siege in 1685. and may they long enjoy it It is a very strong City with a safe and large Haven and in former times was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Patras Coronea an ancient City of Boeotia in Greece near Leuctra to the East and the River Cephisus North. It was here
Disorder He reserved also the greater Causes to the Determination of the Diet of Poland contrary to the Privilege granted by Casimirus his Predecessor In 1569. Stephanus King of Poland proscrib'd them for taking part with the House of Austria against him which Quarrel was ended by the Mediation of the Neighbouring Princes In 1597. Vladislaus IV. had also some Controversies with this City about their Imposts The Protestant Religion is imbraced here the Roman Catholick tolerated No Man is admitted into the Senate except he be a Luthoran In 1596. the Senate granted the Jesuits the Monastery of S. Bridget and S. Maries Church but the City opposed it so vigorously that three Days after they were forced to recall their Edict In 1657. this City was forced to burn her own Suburbs to prevent their being taken by the Swedes It lies in Long 41. 30. Lat. 54. 20. Danube Danubius Ister is one of the greatest Rivers in Europe and no less celebrated both in Ancient and Modern Story Called Danubius and Ister whence Ovid. lib. 1. de Pont. Stat vetus Vrbs ripae vicina Binominis Istri The upper part next the Fountains was for the most part called the Danube and the lower from Illyricus or Sclavonia the Ister as Pliny saith by the Germans Donaw by the French Danube by the Italians Danubio by the Poles Dunay by the Turks Tunay It ariseth in the County of Bar in Suabia sour German Miles from Freiburgh to the East and nine from Basil to the North-East running North-East it passes by Vlm having received a great many smaller Rivers on both Sides which for Brevity I must omit At Leucy it entereth Bavaria and a little further from the South receiveth the Leck which passeth by Ausprugh and still continuing its Course as far as Regensburgh it then turns and runs more Easterly to the Confines of Austria where at Passaw it entertains the vast River Inn which comes from Inspruck and brings many other with it from hence it goeth to Vienna where it makes an Island then washeth the Walls of Presburgh the Capital of the Vpper Hungary where it divides and makes the Island of Schut at Comora it unites again and goes on to Gran bending its Course more Southerly from whence it passeth to Buda the Capital of all Hungary where it makes two other Islands one above Buda and another a little below Colocza The Sarawitz which comes from Alba-Regalis falls into it from the West then the Drave at Esseck then the Tibiscus a vast River of Vpper Hungary from the East and the Save again on the West by Belgrade which is the first Town of Servia from hence its Course is more East having Moldavia VValachia and Bialogrod on the North Servia and Bulgaria on the South where it makes many Isles and then entereth the Euxine or Black Sea by three great Outlets the two more Northerly being as it were reunited in the very Entry of them into the Sea Dr. Edward Browne in his Travels saith That at Crainburgh not far distant from the Head it appeared a considerable Stream a little after from the City Vlm in Suevia where it beginneth to be Navigable it continues a long Course passing by Ingolstad Ratisbone Straubing Passaw Lintz and Vienna unto Presburgh from whence through Hungary it makes a Course of above three hundred Miles before it passes by Belgrade It drinks in above sixty considerable Rivers and in a sober Account performs a Course of above 1500 Miles from its Rise to its Fall This River has had many Naval Fights upon it between the Turks and Christians At one time there were twenty Galliots eighty small Pinnaces and little less than a hundred Ships of Burthen employed upon it in a Siege of Buda At the Siege of Belgrade Mahomet the Great brought two hundred Ships and Galleys up the Stream the Hungarians sent so many from Buda down the Stream that after a sharp Encounter the Hungarians took twenty and forced the rest on shoar near the Camp so that Mahomet was forced to burn them to prevent their being taken by the Christians This perhaps is more than can be said of any other River in the World It abounds in good Fish as Trouts Perches large and delicious Carps exceeding saith Dr. Browne any I have seen c. some of which is every Year salted and sent into other Parts This River to conclude was for many Ages the Boundary on this Side of the Roman Empire and against the barbarous Nations accordingly the Roman Legions had their Stations upon its Banks they were the Founders of many of the Cities and many memorable Actions in those early Days happened near it sometimes between the Romans themselves and sometimes between them and the Barbarians Danvilliers See Damvilliers Daphne a delightful Village of old in Syria upon the Banks of the River Orontes five Miles from Antioch the Great Where was a large famous Cypress Wood consecrated to Apollo with a Temple to his Honour also and another to Diana and a Spring called the Fountain of Daphne The Romans for some time kept a Legion here till they found their Men effeminated by the Pleasures of the Place Pompey the Great charmed with its Beauty became a Benefactor to it Constantine M. built a House of Pleasure in it in the Year 326. Gallus caused the Body of the Martyr Babylas the Patriarch of Antioch to be transported hither whereupon it is said Apollo surceased his Oracle Julian the Apostate commanded the said Body to be removed in 362. After which the Temple of Apollo was so consumed in a Storm of Thunder and Lightning that in S. Chrysostom's time only one Pillar now nothing is remaining thereof And the Christian Emperors succeeding Julian erected Churches in its Room Darbon Alpheus a River in the middle of the Morea which falls into the Ladon which falls into the Orfea and divides at Pilus one Branch called Illiaco runs West and entereth the Ocean over against Zant the other Alpheo runs South and entereth the Gulph of Arcadia over against the Town of Stroffhad 20 Miles North-West of Arcadia Darby Derby Derbia is both a City and a County in England The County has Nottinghamshire on the East Leicestershire on the South Staffordshire on the West and Yorkshire on the North. The River Derwent divides it into two Parts running North and South and at last falls into Trent which is its Southern Boundary That Part which lies East of Derwent is plain and fruitful the Western Parts are more mountainous and barren but abound in Mines of Lead Iron Coals and afford good Pasture for Sheep In the South-East Part of this County upon the River Derwent lieth the City of Derby which first takes its Name from the River and then lends it to the County A fine rich well-traded City On the East Side it has Derwent covered by a Stone-Bridge on the South it hath a clear Rivolet called Mertenbrook and within it five Parish-Churches Thomas Lord
observed The principal City is Grenoble Dax See Acqs. The Dead-Sea See Asphaltites Deal a Member of the Town and Port of Sandwich in Kent of Note for the Harbouring of Fleets from time to time here in Order to sail East or West Dean See the Forest of Dean Dean-Magna a Market-Town in Glocestershire in the Hundred of S. Briavells Deben a River in Suffolk upon which VVoodbridge and Debenham stand It discharges it self into the Sea twelve Miles below the latter Debenhan a Market-Town in Suffolk in the Hundred of Thedwastree upon the River Deben Debir See Dabir Decan or Decam is a very great Kingdom in the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies bounded on the West by the Indian or Arabian Ocean on the North by the Kingdom of Guzarat on the East by that of Golconda and on the South by the Kingdom of Bisnagar The Capital of it is Visapar and the greatest part has been subdued by the Moguls or divided into petty Kingdoms of which see Mr. Thevenot's Travels The Portuguese overcame Goa a Member of this Kindom in 1510. and have ever since retained it Decize Dececia a Town in the Province of Nivernois in France seven or eight Leagues from Nevers standing in an Islet of the Loyre where the River Airon beds with the Loyre It is a Pass of some Consequence belonging to the Dukes of Nevers who have a Castle here And the Roman Medals that have been found at it demonstrate the Antiquity of it Deddington a Market-Town in Oxfordshire in the Hundred of VVotton Dedham a Market-Town in Essex in the Hundred of Lexden d ee Deva a River called by the VVelsh Fridwy ariseth in Merionethshire from the Lake of Llyntegid and running North-West takes in the River of Alwen in the same County then passeth into Denbighshire and becomes a Boundary between that and Shropshire admitting another of its boundaries the River Keriog and passing by Bangor the famous old VVelsh Monastery it entereth Cheshire at Shocklidge At Alford it takes in another small River and in Flintshire the River Allen so having divided Cheshire from Flintshire at VVest-Chester it falls into the Irish Sea making a great Haven called by the VVelsh Eee Etu by the English Dee-Mouth § d ee Dea a River in Galloway in Scotland which riseth in the Borders of Coila and running South takes in many other small Rivers and at last buries it self in Solway Fyrth which parts Scotland from the North-West of England at Kirkubrig a famous Town of Galloway Deeping a Market-Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Nesse Deistan Oxus See Geichon Deizer Dordomana a City of Persia Delbrugk Delbrugia a small Town in the Circle of VVestphalia in Germany between the Rivers Ems and Lippe It s ancient Inhabitants were the Brucleri whom Germaâ—â—cus overthrew Dele or Dyle Dila a River rising near the Village Thile in Brabant in the Low-Countries running by Louvain and after the Reception of the Demer falling into the Scheld at Rupel-Monde Delft Delphi a City of the Province of Holland which gives name to a District one of the principal Cities of that State very populous and well built Here is the Monument of VVilliam of Nassaw the Founder of the Low-Country Liberty who was here assassinated by the Spaniards in 1584 And likewise another of Admiral Trump It is not above one League from the Hague three from Roterdam and as many from Leiden in a Plain In the year 1536. a Fire almost entirely destroyed it The Town Delfs-Haven within a quarter of a League of Rotterdam is under the Jurisdiction of this City Delli Crateres two little deep Lakes mention'd by the Ancients in the Island of Sicily near Catania They were consecrated by the Natives to the Dâ—i Palisci Delly or Delhi a great City and Kingdom under the Mogul in the East-Indies upon the River Gemna a hundred Miles from Agria to the N. towards Labor length of time had much wasted it whereupon Chah Jehan the Father of Auran Zeb Emperor of that Country in 1625. built up another vast one by it called Chah Jehan-Abad or shorter Jehan-Abad that it might be the Capital of his Empire since which it has flourished and encreased above any City in the Indies as Bernerius cited by Baubrand saith who had often seen it This City was the Seat of Porus the Indian King who made himself famous by his Wars with Alexander the Great Near it stands a Pyramid or Obelisk of Stone which by its unknown Characters seems to be of great Antiquity thought in the Indies to have been erected by Alexander the Great after the Defeat of Porus. The River Gemna on which this City stands runs East and falls into the Ganges The Fortress of it is half a League in compass with round Towers at the distance of every ten Battlements the Ditches are full of Water Wharfed with Stone and it has lovely Gardens round about it In this Citadel is the Royal Palace The Town has no Ditches but Walls filled up with Earth behind and Towers Delmenhorst Delmenhorstium a small Town in the Principality of Oldembourg in Germany upon the River Delmen which denominates it and soon after falls into the Weser It hath the honor of the Title of an Earldom three Leagues from Bremen and a little more from Oldembourg Under the King of Denmark ever since 1667. Delos Ortygia Lagia Asteria Midia Cynthon a famous Island of the Archipelago the chief of the Cyclades towards Europe called by the Modern Grecks plurally 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as comprehending the other Island Rhene or Rhenis with it because these two at a distance seem to make but one Island And by Mariners Sdille by a corruption of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apollo and Diana were supposed to be born here The former had here his Temple and his Oracle some Ruines whereof with others of a Theatre a School c. are yet visible at Sdilles that is the ancient City Delos called afterwards Athenae Adrianae which is little inhabited now In the middle of the Island stands the Mountain Cynthus which gave the Epithet of Cynthia to Diana not above one hundred and twenty five foot high and therefore short of shadowing the Island as it was represented to do in the ancient account It is a Rock of Marble The whole Island is covered with heaps of the same Besides which it yields Mastick and Hares in the like abundance as formerly when it received the Name of Lagia from them Called Delos says Aristotle because it shew'd it self of a sudden in a place where no Island was before which might be the reason of the Ancients sancying that it sometime floated Delphi Delphos a City of Phocis in Achaia at the foot of Mount Parnassus which in ancient times was very great though not walled otherwise than by the steep Rocks that encompassed it it had a Castle which stood on the top of a Rock now called La Castri This Place once so famous for the
the Archbishop of Seleucia now a poor Village Dominico one of the Caribby Islands in North America twenty Leagues in compass discovered by the Spaniards on a Sunday and thence so called Long. 322. 00. Lat. 14. 35. North-West of Barbadoes S. Domingo the principal City in the Island of Hispaniola built by Bartholomew Columbus in 1494. on the East Bank of the River Ozama and after in 1502. removed by Nicholas de Obando then Governor of the Island to the opposite Shoar It is situate in a pleasant Country amongst rich Pastures and has near it a safe and a large Haven enriched with the Residence of the Governour the Courts of Justice an Archbishops See many Religious Houses and an Hospital to which belongs a Revenue of twenty thousand Ducats by the year The Houses are neatly built most of Stone the Town is walled and has a Castle at the West-end of the Peer to defend the Haven It was much greater before Mexico was taken but has now not above six hundred Families of Spaniards the rest Negroes Sir Francis Drake in 1586. took it by force and kept it a Month burning a great part of the Houses and forcing the Spaniards to redeem the rest with mony Long. 305. 40. Lat. 14. 00. Domitz Domitium a strong Town not very large but well fortified in the Dukedom of Mecklenburgh on the North side of the Elbe where it receives the Elde in the Jurisdiction of the Duke of Swerine eight Miles above Lavenburgh to the West and ten from Lunenburgh to the East Dommele a River of Brabant which riseth near Peer and running North passeth by Eyndhoven or Eindoven then turning to the West it falls into the River Runne about half a Mile above Shertogenbosch through which they both pass into the Maes I find it by the Maps called De Dormale but corruptly as appeareth by L. Guicciardin and a Town a Mile above Eindoven on this River called Dommelen Domochi Domonichus a small Village in Thessalia once a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Larissa It lies South-West of Larissa and Volo and is mentioned in Mr. Morden's Map Don Tanais Donato Isaurus a River of Calabria Vlterior it falls by Cerenza and Neto into the Mediterranean Sea between Cotrone and Strongoli one Mile beneath S. Severina Donaw See Danube Donawert Donaverda Donavertia Vertia a City in Schwaben in Germany upon the Danube over which it has a Bridge it lies in the Confines of the Dukedoms of Newburgh and Bavaria seven German Miles from Auspurgh to the North and from Ingolstad to the West This City was in 1420. made a Free Imperial City by Sigismund the Emperour but in 1607. it lost this Privilege and is now subject to the Duke of Bavaria Doncaster or Dimcaster a Town in the West-Riding of Yorkshire on the River Done or Dune called by Antoninus DANVM in 759. burnt with Lightning but being by degrees rebuilt with a fair Church and Castle and becoming a Town of good Accommodations and Trade it has had the Honor of giving the Title of an Earl to James late Duke of Monmouth and some others The River Done riseth near Denbye and running South-East watereth Sheafield then turning North-East goeth by Rotheram where it takes in from the North another considerable River called as I suppose Dar or Dare then passing by Doncaster a little more East it takes in the River Went and soon after ends in the River Are at Tunbridge and both the Are and Done enter the Ouse about three Miles further thirteen Miles beneath York from which great City Doncaster stands two and twenty Miles to the South Doncheri a Town in the Territory of Retelois in Champagne towards the Frontiers of Luxembourg upon the Meuse betwixt Charleville and Sedan It is a fortified Town Done a River See Doncaster Donetz a vast River which riseth in Dikoia near Borissagorda and running Eastward turns and falls into the Tanais now called Donon Donitz too of which I shall give a further account in Tanais There is another River Donitz which riseth more East and falls into the Tanais more to the North at Gilocha Dongo a Town in Japan Donostein Menlascus a River of Guipiscoa in Spain commonly called Rio Orio Donoy Dinia See Digne Donussa Donysa a small Island in the Archipelago remarkable for nothing but the green Marble brought from thence Donzy a Town of the Duchy of Nevers in France upon a small River near the Cosne The Capital of the Territory of Donziois La Dorat oratorium a City of France in La-Marche fourteen Miles from Poictiers to the South-East and Limoges to the North upon the little River Seve Dorvie a River which falls into the Taen a River of Languedoc in France which last falls into the Garonne five Leagues above Agen. Dorchester Duronovaria a City of England in the County of Dorset upon the River Frome or Fraw about five Miles from the Sea and upon the Via Fossa a Causey of the Romans many Pieces of whose Coins have been found here It is the Capital of that Shire yet saith Mr. Camben neither great nor beautiful but certainly a Roman Town of great Antiquity which was ruined both by the Danes and Normans and once of a large compass as the Tract of the Walls and Trenches yet shew Fortified also in former times with a Castle which upon its decaying was converted into a Monastery and the Monastery afterwards demolished In the year 1645. King Charles I. created Henry Lord Pierrepont Marquiss of this Place At present it gives the Title of Countess to the Lady Catharine Sidley advanced to that Dignity by King James II. It still sends two Burgesses to Parliament and is adorned with three Parish Churches § There is another old Roman Town called Dorchester Dorcestria in Oxfordshire at the meeting of Thame and Isis nine Miles South of Oxford where the Bishoprick of Lincoln was at first settled for four hundred and sixty years before it was removed to Lincoln This last is called by Bede Civitas Dorcina by Leland Hydropolis i. e. as the word Dorchester it self also signifieth the Water-Town Dor in the Brittish Language being Water It was yielded to the Earl of Carnarvan Aug. 2. 1643. Dordogne Duranius Dordonia one of the principal Rivers of France It ariseth in the Province of Auvergne from two Fountains saith Baudrand one of which is called Dor the other Done running Westward between Limosin to the North and Auvergne to the South it takes in Chavanoy Rue Auze and Serre then entering Limosin Quercy and Perigort successively it meets Vezere and Cozere watereth Scarlat Limiel and Bergerac and so passeth to Libourne where it receiveth from the North the Lille which comes from Montignac and not far from Bourdeaux it unites with the Garronne and they send their united Streams to the Bay of Biscay or Sea of Gascogne called by the Romans Mare Aquitanicum at the Tour de Cordovan Dordrecht See Dort Dergwyn See Derwent Doria See Doira Doris
the Mortality which in many Circumstances appeared so strange as not to find in History its parallel since an Angel destroyed so many thousand in the Camp of Sennacherib Dundee or Dundy Alectum Deidonium Allectum a City in the North of Scotland in the County of Angus upon the North side of the Fyrth of Tay which is a frequented Harbour and of great safety ten Miles North of S. Andrews This is a very strong Town and in 1651. when almost all Scotland had yielded after the defeat of Dunbar presumed still to hold out General Monk afterwards Duke of Albemarle coming up and summoning it upon their refusal to yield took it by Storm September 1. of that year though there were in it eight hundred Soldiers besides Inhabitants He put all in Arms to the Sword and Plundred the Town of its Wealth which amounted in Silver Gold and rich Goods to a vast summ of mony being then the richest Town in Scotland and made yet richer by the Neighbourhood who sent what ever they had that was valuable thither as to a place of security Sixty Sail of Ships which lay then in the Harbour yielded too after which Aberdeen and S. Andrews which only remained to the Covenanters yielded upon the first Summons Dunfermeling Dunfirmeling is a Town on the North Shoar of the Fyrth of Edinbâ—row seventeen Miles from it to the North-West Once a famous Monastery the building and the burial place of Malcolm King of the Scots afterwards advanced to an Earldom in the behalf of Sir Alexander Seton who being a wise and a great Statesman was raised by K. James I. from Baron of Tivâ— to be Earl of Dunfermeling and Lord Chancellor of Scotland But much more famous for the birth of Charles I. the blessed Martyr for the English Church and Nation who was born here November 19. 1600. Dunfreis Dunfreia a Town in the County of Nithesdale in the South of Scotland upon the River Nith or Nid near Solway Fyrth Dungall dungalia a Sea-Port-Town and Castle and a County in the North-West part of Ireland in the Province of Vlster on the South side of the River Esk. The County of Dungall has the Ocean on the West Lagh Gormely on the South and Tome Lagh on the North a Barbarous and Wild place as Mr. Cambden describes it See Tirconnel Dungannon Dunganum the chief Town of the Vpper Tyrone in the Province of Vlster in Ireland near Armagh Dungarvan a strong well fortified Town with a Castle and Haven situate on the Southern Shoar of Ireland in the County of Waterford in the Province of Mounster thirteen Miles from Waterford to the West First granted by Henry VI. to Talbot Earl of Shrewsbury and afterwards for convenience annexed to the Crown of England by Act of Parliament Dungesby Head Veruvium Promontorium the most Northern Cape of all Scotland which lies in 59. deg of Latitude whereas Novantum the Mule of Galloway the most Southern lies in 55. 10. Dunkeld or Dunkelden Castrum Caledonium Dulcheldinum a City on the Tau in the County of Perth ten Miles North of Perth which was adorned by King David of Scotland with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Andrews supposed to have been the City of the ancient Caledonians Dunkeran Donequine or Doneyne Juernis a small Town and Port upon the Gulph of the River Maine in the County of Desmond in Mounster in Ireland Dunkirk Dunquerque Dunquerca called by the Flemmings Duynskerke and by the Italians and Spaniards Doncherca is a large strong well fortified Town and Sea-Port in Flanders which has a very noble and strong Castle lately built 3 Leagues from Graveline 5 from Newport and 6 from Calais This Town was first fortified by Charles V. It stands on the River Colme upon the Shoars of the German Ocean Taken by the French in 1646. but during their Civil Wars the Spaniards recovered it again In 1658. it was retaken by the English and French united chiefly by the valor of the English Don John of Austria and all the Spanish Forces who came to relieve it being totally routed and defeated the Town was surrendred to the French but by them according to Articles put into the Hands of the English and so it continued till 1662. when it was sold to the French The present King of France Lewis XIV has bestowed incredible cost in fortifying it in inlarging and securing the Haven by Mounds and Forts Dun-le-Roy Regiodunum a Town in Berry in France upon the River Auronne five Miles from Bourges to the South and nine from la Charite to the South-West § Another in the Dukedom of Burgundy near Beaujolois Dunmour or Dunmore a Market Town in the County of Essex The Capital of its Hundred Dunois a Territory within the Province of Beauce in France the Capital whereof is Chateau Dun. It was advanced to the dignity of a Peerdom and Dukedom in 1525. Dunnington a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Kirton and the Division of Holland situated in a waterish Flat Dunnington-Castle a Market Town in Leicestershire in the Hundred of Goscote honoured with a noble Seat belonging to the Earl of Huntingdon Dunstable a Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Manshead upon a Chalky dry Hill Built by K. Henry I. out of the ruins of the ancient Magsovinium K. Edward I. caused a noble Column or Cross to be here erected in memory of Eleanor his Queen whose Corps rested in this place in their journey from Lincolnshire to Westminster Abbey Dunstaburge Bebba a Castle in Northumberland on the Sea Shoar eighteen Miles South of Berwick and twenty five North of Newcastle which belongs to the Duchy of Lancaster Bede reports that this Castle was taken and burnt by Penda King of the Mercians Roger Hoveden thus describes it Bebba is a strong City not very great but containing two or three fields having one hollow entrance into it and that raised on high by Stairs after a wonderful manner on the pitch of an Hill is a very fair Church and Westward on the top a pleasant clear Fountain adorned with excellent Workmanship In our times saith Mr. Cambden it is rather a Castle than a Town yet so big as that it might contain a small City nor was it esteemed otherwise when King William Rufus besieged the Rebellious Moubray who lurked in it In the Wars between the House of Lancaster and York it was ruined again And last of all the Winds and Seas have exercised their rage upon it endeavouring to level it by driving up the Sea Sand into the hollow parts and fetching down its once haughty Battlements Dunstafag Evonium a small ruined City in the West of Scotland in the County of Lorne which has an Haven over against the Island of Maly fifty five Miles from Dunblane to the West This was the Seat of the ancient Kings of the Picts but now a Village and yet perhaps in a better state than when it was a Royal City Dunster a
Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Scarhampton by the Sea side Dunwich an ancient Corporation once a potent City on the Coast of Suffolk Foelix the Burgundian who established the East Angles then wavering in the Christian Faith in 630. placed here a Bishops See which continued till Bisus the fourth Bishop after him removed to North Elmham leaving a suffragan Bishop only at Dunwich in which times it was very populous and so strong that it curbed Robert Earl of Leicester in his Rebellion against his Prince In the Reign of Henry II. it had a Mint William of Newbery calls it Vicus insignis variis opibus refertus a Town of good note well stored with all sorts of Riches But it is now a poor small Corporation which bating the honor of sending two Burgesses to the Parliament has nothing to Consolate it self withal Time the Sea and Men as bad as either have by degrees ruined not only the Town but the greatest part of the ground it stood upon and instead of its ancient variety of Riches there is now an uniform Poverty and desolation Durance Druentius Durantius a very rapid River in Provence in France which infesteth the Country with frequent Inundations It ariseth from Mount Genebra one of the Cottian Alpes not far from Pignerol in Piedmont or as others in the Dauphinate near Brianzon and passing on watereth Embrun and Gap and entring Provence takes in the Hubaye the Buech the Suse then passing Sisteron and Manosque it entertains the Verdon and a little beneath Cavaillon and Avignon unites with the Rhosne It will neither indure Boats nor Bridges by reason of its great rapidity and swiftness especially beneath Sisteron Durango Durangum a City of North America in the Province of New Biscay but near the Confines of New Spain towards the Zacatecas built at the foot of an Hill which was made a Bishoprick by the Archbishop of Mexico in 1620. § There is a small Town of this name also in the Principality of Biscay in the Kingdom of Old Spain Durazzo Durracium Dyrrachium Epidamnus called by the Turks Drazzi by the French Duras is a very ancient and much celebrated City of Macedonia in the Kingdom of Albania It has now a strong Castle and a large Haven seated on the Eastern Shoar of the Adriatick Sea upon the River Argentaro or Arzento North-East of Brindisi or Brundusium in the Kingdom of Naples from which it is distant one hundred and twenty Miles Built by the Corcyreans now called Corfu in the Year of the World 3327. One hundred and thirty years after Rome and six hundred twenty one before the Birth of our Saviour In the Year of the World 3512. being much streightned by its Fugitives it had recourse to the Assistance of the Corinthians but the Corcyreans taking part with those Exiles the Corinthians were beaten which drew on an Athenian War and that the Peloponnesian This City fell first with the rest of Greece under the Power of the Kings of Macedonia and together with Macedonia was subject to the Romans who made it a Roman Colony In the times of the Civil War between Caesar and Pompey it was the Seat of great Actions for Pompey chose it and it was the only prosperous Scene of that Party and had proved the ruin of Caesar if Pompey had pursued his first successes with vigor Not long before it had given entertainment to Cicero in his Exile and appears every where favourable to the Republicans It was also a Roman Colony but when setled I cannot now find In the times of Christianity it became an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople as it is still in the later times of the Greek Empire it had Princes of the Caroline Line of France from whom it passed to the Venetians and from them it was taken by Mahomet III. But the Venetians Sacked it in 1554. by their Fleet. Long. 44. 20. Lat. 41. 42. Duren Dura Duria Marcodurum a City in the Dukedom of Juliers in Germany upon the River Roer not two Miles from Gulick to the South and five from Cologne to the West This was the ancient Marcodurum in the opinion of Cluverius and all the other Geographers made a Free Imperial City by Charles IV. Emperor of Germany Charles V. being incensed against John Duke of Cleves who had married Mary the Daughter of William the last Duke of Juliers and Leagued with the French King Francis I. against him in 1545. entred the Dukedom of Juliers and after a sharp Siege took this City and burnt it it has been reduced into subjection again and is now under the Duke of Newbourg by the Treaty of Faisans in 1659. Three Councils were Celebrated here in the years 761. 775. 779. Durgat Phrygia a part of Anatolia or Asia the Less Durham Dunehelmum a City and County Palatine in the North of England The City is seated upon the River Ware in a Peninsula made by this River which washeth three sides of it and gives passage into it by three Bridges The ground of it is a natural Hill which contributes no less than the River to the strength and pleasantness of its situation also secured by a Wall and a Castle in the midst of it the Cathedral being a Bishops See under the Archbishop of York is towards the South side of the City and of great beauty This City is yet of no great Antiquity being built or rather begun by the Monks of Dindisfarn in 995. before which it was a Wood and then not cleared without difficulty In the times of William the Conqueror it was imployed by the Saxons as a place of Refuge against him but they were soon forced to betake themselves to Scotland for their greater security VVilliam the Conqueror being possessed of it built the Castle for a Curb to these Northern parts and a security against the Scots The present Cathedral was began about the same time by VVilliam de Careleph then Bishop of Durham and finished by his Successor This City gave great Protection to the English in 1346 when David Bruce King of Scotland harrassed the Nothern parts whilst Edward III. besieged Calais but the said Bruce was soon after overthrown in Battel and taken Prisoner at Nevills Cross In the times of Edward VI. the Bishoprick was dissolved by Act of Parliament and given to that Prince but Q. Mary dissolved that Statute and restored the Bishoprick with all its Franchises In 1640. in the beginning of the Rebellion it fell after Newbury Fight into the hands of the Scots and being left by them the year following it followed the fate of the War as the Parties prevailed upon each other Long. 22. 00. Lat. 54. 57. The County or Bishoprick of Durham is bounded on the North and West by the River Derwent which separates it from Northumberland on the South by the River Tees which parts it from Westmorland West and York to the South and on the East it has the Sea The West
Redoubts with sixty thousand men within it and one hundred Cannon whereupon the Duke retreated June 20. and repassed the Drave at Siclos See Mohatz After the unfortunate taking of Belgrade by the Turks October 1690. they set down immediately with an Army of fifteen thousand Men before this Place but retired without Success Essedones or Issedones an ancient People of Scythia whose Capital Town was Issedon now called Caracoran Herodotus says of them that they used to eat the dead bodies of their Parents reserving the head to be set in Gold and made the object of their annual Sacrifices Essekebe or Esquib Essequebia one of the principal Rivers of South America It ariseth in Guiana near to the Lake of Parime and running Eastward to improve its Streams by the addition of many smaller Rivers it falls into the North Sea near Meapuer In Long. 318. The Dutch who have many Plantations upon it call it by this name Essex Essexia is a County in the East of England inhabited heretofore in part by the Trinobantes bounded on the North by Suffolk and Cambridgeshire on the West by Hartford and Middlesex on the South by Kent and on the East by the German Sea The principal City in it is Colchester This Country is very fruitful full of Noblemen and Gentlemens Houses The principal Rivers which water it are the Stour that divideth it from Suffolk the Thames from Kent the Ley from Middlesex and the Little Stour from Hartfordshire which besides their fruitful Meadows and the convenience of Carriage afford it plenty of Fish besides these there is the Ill the Crouch the Chelme the Blackwater and the Colne which arise and fall within this Country and many of them are great Rivers There are many smaller ones whose Names cannot be taken in here This County gave the Title of Earl to the Families of the Mandeviles the Bohuns the Bourchiers Thomas Lord Cromwell William Lord Parre before it came to the D'Eureuxe's Robert d'Eurex Viscount Hereford General of the Parliaments Army against Charles I. dying Septem 13. 1646. and his Son Robert an Infant before the Restitution of Charles II. Arthur Capel Baron of Hadham was created Earl of Essex and Viscount Malden April 20. 1661. and made Lord Lieutenant in Ireland in 1672. He perished miserably in the Tower His Son then an Infant succeeded him in this Honor. Esslingen See Esling Essone Exona a small River and Village in the Isle of France The Town stands five Miles from Paris to the South-West and one from Corbeile to the West Estampes Stampae a Town and Dutchy in Beausse in France The Town stands upon a River of the same Name ten Leagues from Paris to the South and sixteen from Orleans to the North mentioned in Georgius Turonensis Aimonius and other French Historians It is placed on the Some at the Confluence of another small River which is sometimes called l'Yone and sometimes La riviere d'Estampes There is a Collegiate Church and divers Religious Houses standing in it but the Castle was ruined in 1652. This Town was created first an Earldom in 1327. by Charles IV. King of France Then a Dukedom in 1536. by King Francis I. And has been many times honoured not only with French Synods but with the Assemblies of the States The Huguenotts took it by Scalade in 1567. Estaples Stabulae Stapulae a Sea-Port-Town in the County of Boulogne in Picardy sixteen Miles North of Dieppe and ten from Calais South Este or Est Ateste a Town in the Dominion of the State of Venice mentioned by Pliny and Tacitus which was once a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileia It stands in the District of Padua upon the little Medoacus or the River Bachiglione which washing the Walls of Vicenza and Este falls into the Venetian Gulph twelve Miles from Padua to the South The Dukes of Modena in Italy of which Illustrious House Mary Consort to King James II. is take their Name from this Place who were before a great while Dukes of Ferrara Modena and Regio Now only of Modena See the History of the Family of Este written in Italian by Jean Baptistâ— Pigna and in English by Mr. Crawford Esteing an ancient Barony in the Province of Rouergne in France since advanced to an Earldom It gives Name to an Honourable Family that by the concession of Philip the August in the year 1214. as a reward for the noble actions of one of their Ancestors bears the same Coat of Arms with the Crown Estella or Stella a small City in the Kingdom of Navarr upon the River Ega where it receives the Vreder eight Miles from Pampelona to the South and the same from Calahorra to the North. Built in the year 1094. It is the Capital of the Territory called la Merindada de Estella Esten Esthonia a considerable Province in the North of Livonia heretofore under the Poles but now the Swedes It lies between the Sinus Finnicus a part of the Baltick Sea to the North Lettonia Liefland to the South the Bay of Riga to the West and Ingria a Province of Russia to the East the chief City in it is Revel the Capital of this Province which is sometimes called Eastland Estepa Astapa a City or great Town in Andalusia in Spain seated upon a Hill in the Confines of the Kingdom of Granada about twelve Miles from Malaga to the North and seventeen from Sevil to the South-East This sprung out of the ruines of Astapa an old Iberian City or Phoenician Colony which being besieged by Marcellus a Roman General the Inhabitants burnt themselves with their Wives and Children and all they had that they might not fall into the hands of the Romans as Livy saith Cstoiteland Estotilandia a great Tract of Land in the North of America towards the Actick Circle and Hudson's Bay having New France on the South and James's Bay to the West This is a part of Canada now commonly called New Britain and Terra Laboratoris The first of the American Shoars which was discovered being found by some Friesland Fishers that were driven hither by a Tempest almost two hundred years before Columbus In 1390. Nicolas and Antonius Zeni two Brothers that were Venetian Gentlemen at the Charges of Zichini King of Friesland took a view the second time of these Shoars John Skoluo a Polonian in 14â—6 about eighty six years after the first discovery sailing past Norway Greenland and Friesland and entering into the Streight beyond the Artick Circle arrived at this Country Which is Mountainous overgrown with Woods full of all manner of wild and savage Beasts and only known as to the Shoars but yet the Soil is fruitful Hofman Estouteville a Town in the Vpper Normandy in France advanced to the quality of a Dukedom by King Francis I. in 1538. There is a Noble Family deriving their Name from it Estremadura Extremadura is a Province of the Kingdom of Portugal at the Mouth of the Tagus upon the Western Ocean bounded on the North
Proprietors thereof to be put to death Finichia one of the present Names of Cilicia a Province of the Lesser Asia next Syria Finkeley a Village in the Bishoprick of Durham in Chester Ward mentioned in the Councils by the name of Finchala and Fincenhala there having been a Council held at it in the year 798. by Eanbald Archbishop of York Finland Finlandia Fenni Finnia Fionnonia is a very spatious Country heretofore a distinct Kingdom but now subject to the Crown of Sweden and distinguished with the Title of a Dukedom belonging to the King of Sweden's sons Bounded on the North by Desarts or unknown Countries from which it is separated by the Lake and River Vla Tresk on the West it has the Botner Sea a Branch of the Baltick on the South the Bay of Finland another Branch of it and on the East the Dominions of the Great Duke of Muscovy It contains several very great Provinces as Ciania Tavasthia Nylandia Carelia Savolaxia and Finland properly so called which is the most Southern and most noble Aboa a Town upon the River Aurojoki over against the Isle of Aland is the Capital of this Kingdom and the Seat of the Swedish Viceroy This Kingdom was first conquered to the Crown of Sweden in 1384 by Erick one of their Kings In 1571 the Muscovites intending a Conquest fell into it with a Savageness and Cruelty hard to be expressed or believed but were recalled by an Irruption of the Tartars upon their own Countries It is called by the Inhabitants and Swedes Finner by the Danes Finder by the Germans Fennen by the Dutch Finlander Cluverius saith it is a considerable part of the Kingdom of Sweden and that it is fruitful and affords excellent Pasturage Finmark Finmarchia called by the Inhabitants Taakemarch and Finmark is a Province of the Kingdom of Norway on the Western Ocean The Southern part of it is subject to the Danes the Northern to the Swedes This Country is barren rocky covered with dreadful Woods full of Bears and Wolves and other ravenous Beasts the Inhabitants till of late lived in Summer like the Nomades wandring from place to place as the convenience of Water and Pasture invited them The Princes under whom they now are to reduce them from this vagrant way of living granted the Lands to the first Occupant by which means some parts are improved but the more barren can be used no other way and therefore are left still in common The Inhabitants are a mongrel sort of Christians extreamly ignorant and barbarous infamous for Witchcraft revengeful beyond belief and as rugged as the Country they inhabit Fionda a small Village on the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea in the Lesser Asia in the Confines of Lycia and Pamphylia which in the Roman times was called Phaselis and before Pityussa it lies East of the Chelidonian Rocks and West of Mount Masicytus two hundred and twenty English Miles from the most Western Cape of Cyprus A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Myra now Stramita but so very small that little notice is taken of it in the â—â—ter Maps Fionia See Fuynen Fionissi Lyssus a Town in Creet Candia on the Western Shoar near the most Southern Cape of that Island Fiore Ossa a River of Italy in the Dominions of the Great Duke of Florence which falls into the Mediterranean Sea at Telemont a small Sea-Port belonging to Sienna Fiorenza See Florence Firando a City and Kingdom of Japan in that part which is called Ximo to which there belongs an Island of the same Name on the Western Shoar also Firi Maxera Mazeras a River of Hyrcania which falls into the Hyrcanian Sea Firmiana Firmanorum Castrum a small Castle on the Adriatick Sea in the Marca Anconitana near the Mouth of the River Tinna now commonly called Fermo thirty Italian Miles from Ancona to the South and an Archbishops See Fischio Phusca a Maritim City of Caria in the Lesâ—er Asia over against the Isle of Rhodes about eighty four English Miles from Ephesus to the South In the later Maps it is placed much more to the East than the Isle of Rhodes Fishgard a Market Town in Pembrokeshire in the Principality of Wales and the Hundred of Kemeys Fismes Fimae ad fines a Town in the Province of Champaigne in France upon the River Vesle Two Councils have been assembled at it in the years 881 and 935 which write it Finibus apud Sanctam Macram from a Stone 't is supposed that serves as a Boundary hard by to the Bishopricks of Rheims Laon and Soissons Flagania See Paphlagonia Flaiz Flaicus an Isle of France belonging to Santoigne Flamborough-head a noted Promontory in the East Riding of Yorkshire two Miles from Burlington Bay so called from the small Town Flamborough standing in it Flanders Flandria by the Natives call'd Vlaenderen is the greatest and noblest of those Seventeen Provinces called the Low Countries Bounded on the East with Hainault and Brabant on the West with the British Ocean on the North with the Seas of Zealand and on the South in part by Artois and in part by Hainault and Picardy of which Artois was at first a part and after five or six descents reunited again to it This Province saith Ortelius is most excellent Pasture especially towards the West It affords excellent Kine and warlike Horses and abounds in Butter Cheese and excellent Wheat The People are much given to Merchandize and Cloathing their Linnen having plenty of Flax and Hemp exceeds all other Countries and as to Woollen they having the Wooll from Spain and England improve it by their industry to a wonder and then supply all the World with the Product But in this the zeal of Philip II. King of Spain has altered the state of things in a great degree This Province has twenty eight walled Towns or Cities a thousand one hundred and fifty Villages besides Forts Castles and Noble Mens Houses and a great number of Abbeys Priories Colleges and Monasteries It has five Viscounties three Principalities four Ports and thirty one Chatellanies The principal of which in Ortelius his time was Gaunt This great Province was divided into three Parts 1. Flanders Flammengant bounded on the East by the Imperial Flanders and the Scheld on the West by the British Seas on the North by the Seas of Zealand and on the South with Artois and Flanders Gallicant the principal City of which was Gaunt 2. Imperial Flanders so called because it was a Fee of the Empire divided from Brabant on the East by the River Dender and from the Gallick Flanders on the West by the Scheld on the North it has the River Dender and on the South Hainault the principal Town of this is Alost whence it is now commonly called the County of Alost 3. Flanders Gallicant so called because the French Tongue was heretofore most spoken in it This has Hainault on the East Artois on the South the British Sea on the West and Flanders Flammigant on the North
separated from Groningen by the Bay of Dollert it contained heretofore the Earldom of Oldenburgh also In this Province are three Cities or great Towns Embden Aurick and Norden The earth is exceeding fruitful yielding great plenty of Corn Cattle Butter and Cheese Being conquered by Charles the Great it continued subject to the Empire till 1453. when it was granted by Frederick III. to Vlricus Son of Enno whose Posterity still enjoy it The Seat of these Earls is Aurick Frisingen Frisinga a City of the Vpper Bavaria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Salisburgh near the River Iser twenty Miles from Landshat to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but since exempted and put under the Dominion of its own Bishop Frislar Bogadium Frislaria a City in Hassia upon the River Eder under the Archbishop of Mentz four Miles from Cassel to the South and the same from Zigenheim to the North commonly called Fritzlar There was a Council celebrated in this City in 1118. Friul Friuli Regio Carnorum Forum Julii Carnia called by the French Frioul is a Province of Italy inhabited heretofore by the Carni it is bounded on the South by the Adriatick Sea and the Golfo di Triesie on the West with the Marquisate of Trevigia and the Earldom of Tyrol on the North by Carinthia and Carniola and on the East by Carniola and Istria This Province is under the State of Venice and has the Title of a Dukedom The chiefest City in it is Vdina and the Fort of Palma is the place of greatest strength The Emperors gave this Province heretofore to the Patriarchs of Aquileja But afterwards the Dukes of Aâ—stria and Carinthia took part of it from the Patriarchs and the States of Venice after many Wars at last in 1455. forced the Patriarch by a Treaty to resign the rest to them the Cities of this Province are Aâ—uileja ruined but under the House of Austria Pieue di Cadoro under the Venetians Cividat di Friuli under the same Goritia under the House of Austria La Palma and Vdina under the Venetians Frodlingham a Market Town in the East Riding of â—orkshire in the Hundred of Holderness Frodsham a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Edisbury Frome or Fraw a River in the County of Dorset which rising by Cantmerls in the Borders of Somersetshire washeth Frampton Dorcester Woodford Morlen and at Wareham falls into Bruksey Haven taking in this passage many smaller Rivers Fromeselwood a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Frome and upon the River Frome Fronsac Franciacum a Castle in Aquitain near Bourdeaux built by Charles the Great and made the Title of a Dukedom it stands upon the River Dordogne Duranius about five Leagues from Bourdeaux to the East called Frontiacum in the Writers of the middle Age. Frontenac a Cittadel in New France in America upon the Banks of a Lake of the same Name built in 1673. to oppose the Incursions of the Salvages Frontignaud Forum Domitii Frontiniacum a small City in the Lower Languedoc upon the Lake of Magellone fifteen Leagues from Narbone to the East and four from Mompellier to the West upon the Mediterranean Sea The Wines of this place are much commended In 1562. the Huguenots besieged it in vain Frurnove See Fornove Frusilone or Frusino Frusio a City heretofore now a small Village in Campagnia di Roma upon the River Cosa which falls into the Gariliano Liris nine Miles from Aâ—atro the same from Ferentino and forty eight from Rome to the East it is now commonly called Frosilone P. Hormisdas was a Native of this place The Fryth or Fyrth or Forth of Edinburgh called by Ptolemy Boderia by Tacitus Bodotria is an Arm of the Sea that from the East penetrates almost quite through the Kingdom of Scotland to meet another such Arm from the West which is called the Fryth of Dunbritain it receives into its bosom many of the great Rivers of Scotland on the South it has Lothaine in which is Edinburgh Linlithgo Glasco and Sterling the principal City of which stands at the Western point of it upon the North side it has the County of Fife These two great Bays divide Scotland into two parts the Southern and the Northern Fuenterabia See Fontarabia Fuld Fulden Fulda a City of Germany in Buchaw or Buchen a Territory in the Upper Circle of the Rhine near Hassia but from this City more frequently called Stift von Fuld The Territory of the Abbey of Fuld The City is built in a Plain there is in it an Abbey of the Order of S. Bennet one of the noblest in all Europe which has the Civil Government of the City and Territory about it This Abbey was built by Pepin King of France in 784. The Abbot is a Prince and Primate of all the Abbots of the Empire It stands twelve Miles from Coburgh to the West ten from Cassel to the South and eleven from Wurtsburg The Territory of Fuld is of a great extent and is more properly called Buchen bounded on the North by Hassia on the East by the County of Henneberg on the South by Franconia and on the West by the Vpper Hassia § Fuld Fulda a River of Germany which gives Name both to the City and Territory last mentioned it ariseth in this Territory towards Franconia and running Northward watereth Fuld and Hurschfeld in Hassia then entertaining the Eder he passeth by Cassel and at Minden in Westphalia being united with the Wertz and Verra they two form the Weser Visurgis one of the greatest Rivers in Germany which dividing the Dukedom of Breme from the Earldom of Oldenburgh falls into the German Ocean at Carlestad between Emden to the West and Hamburgh to the North-East Fuligno Fullinium or Fulginium a small but pretty City in the Dukedom of Spoleto seated in a Valley at the foot of the Apennine twenty Miles from Perugia to the East and ten from Assisio it is divided by the River Tinna Topino and is under the Pope The Inhabitants boast much of the Antiquity of it not without good reason it being mentioned by Strabo Pliny Appianus Alexandrinus and Silius Italicus This City was rased by those of Perugia in 1281. for which the Inhabitants of the latter were excommunicated by the then Pope Martin II. otherwise called the IV. but recovering its former or a greater beauty it is now a Bishoprick much enriched by its Fairs or Marts every year and their excellent Comfeicts The Learned Leandro is of opinion this City is not the ancient Fulginia but that Forum Flaminii stood in or near the place which being ruined by the Lombards the Todi rebuilt it and called it by this Name for which he cites several Authorities Funchal the chief Town in the Island of Madera It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lisbonne Funf-Kirken See Quinque Ecclesiae Fungte a Kingdom in Africa in Nubia Fuoa Nicii a City of Egypt it lies in the Egyptian Delta or Island made by
Cluyd Glastenbury Glasconia Avalonia a very ancient and famous Abbey in the Isle of Avalon in Sommersetshire upon the River Parret which is said to have been built or begun by Joseph of Arimathea the Apostle of the Britains under the Reign of Nero the Emperour and Arviragus King of the Brittains according to Gildas and therefore honoured above all other places in this Nation The first small Cell failing Devi Bishop of S. David's erected a new one in the same place But Ina King of the West Saxons who began his Reign in 689. and reigned thirty eight years was its lasting and most beautiful Founder who about 7 8. erected here a very fair and stately Church in which time it was a kind of School or Seminary but managed by Secular Priests Dunstan brought in the Benedictine Monks about 970. under these the place thrived wonderfully and became a small City incompassed with a strong Wall of a Mile about and replenished with stately buildings they had a Revenue of 3508 l. per annum when Henry VIII put an end to all their Greatness In this place in the Reign of Henry II. between two Pyramids was found the Tomb of King Arthur the famous Prince of the Britains which is a very great Indication of the Antiquity of this Place if there were no other The Body lay very deep in the Earth with an Inscription in Latin upon a Leaden Cross expressing it was King Arthur who was there buried in the Island of Avalon It is certain the Brittains made this place sometime their Retreat from the harrassment of the Pagan conquering Saxons Glatz or Gladscow Clacium Glotium Glatium a a City of Bohemia and the Capital of a County of the same Name seated upon the River Neis which runs through Silesia and beneath Guben falls into the Oder near the Mountains of Fictelberg twenty one German Miles from Prague to the East and fifteen from Olmutz to the North it is a small City built at the foot of an Hill and has a strong Castle in it Dubravius saith it belonged heretofore to Silesia The chief Town in it is Haberswerd Glencarn Carbantorigum an Earldom in Nidisdale in Scotland belonging for a long time to the Cuninghams a great Family in that Nation Glendelagh Glendelachum once a City now a Village in the County of Dublin also once a Bishops See but now united to the Bishoprick of Dublin This Name is written Glandeloure and Glandilaâ—ge Glenluz Bay Clenâ—ucensis Sinus the Bay or Arm of the Sea which divides Ireland from Galloway in Scotland Glinbotin Planina Scardus a Mountain in the Eastern Confines of Macedonia towards Albania out of which springs the River Drin Globiokeu a Town in Lithuania made famous by a great Defeat of the Moscovites by the Poles in 1661. in which the former lost twelve thousand Men and all their Cannon and Carriages Gloneck a River of Bavaria near Tyrol Gloucester Claudia Claudia Castra Clevum Glovernum a very ancient City in a County of the same Name in the West of England called Glevum by Antoninus being a Roman Colony designed for the curbing the Silures a Warlike British Clan It lies on the East side of the Severn and where it is not secured by that River has in some places a very strong Wall and is a neat and populous City with twelve Parish Churches standing in it besides the Cathedral on the South side it had a fine Castle built of square Stone which is now ruined Ceaulin King of the West Saxons about 570. was the first that conquered it from the Britans About 878. it fell into the hands of the Danes who miserably defaced it Soon after this Aldred Archbishop of York built the Cathedral to which belongs now a Dean and six Prebends In this Church Edward II. was buried and not far from him Robert the eldest Son of William the Conquerour two unfortunate Princes In the Barons Wars under Edward I. and Henry III. it suffered very much Richard III. sometime Duke of Gloucester made this City a County Corporate Henry VIII settled here a Bishops See in 1540. the first Bishop of which was Dr. John Chambers from whom the present Bishop is the fourteenth in number Geofry of Monmouth had been Bishop of the See before but it was suppressed in after times and now again revived This City falling at first into the hands of the Rebels in our former Troubles was besieged Aug. 10. 1643. by the Kings Forces the eighteenth the King came in Person to the Leaguer but Essex coming up Sept. 10. the Seige was raised and for ought I can find it continued in their hands till the Restitution of Charles II. § Gloucestershire was the chief Seat of the Dobuni on the West it butteth upon Monmonmouthshire and Herefordshire on the North upon Worcestershire on the East upon Warwickshire and on the South upon Wiltshire and Somersetshire from which last it is parted by the River Avon a pleasant and fruitful Country stretching in length from North-East to South-West the Eastern part swells up into Hills called Cotteswold the middle part sinks into a fertile Plain watered by the Severn the Western side is much covered with Woods In the times of William of Malmsbury the Vales in this County were filled with Vineyards which are now turned into Orchards and implyed in Cyder the true and natural English Wine The Honour or Dukedom which belongs to this County is annexed to the Royal Family Henry the Third Son to Charles the Martyr was intituled Duke of Gloucester in 1641. Created so May 13. 1659. and died September 13. 1660. a Prince of great Hope and Constancy Glogaw the Greater Glogavia Glosgavia a City of Silesia in Bohemia upon the River Oder which is very well fortified and has a strong Castle the Capital of the Dukedom of Glogaw about two German Miles from the Borders of Poland and fifteen from Breslaw to the North and from Sagan to the East seven This City was taken by the Swedes in 1647. Maly or Klein Glogaw the Lesser Glogaw stands upon the same River in the Dukedom of Oppelen four Miles from Oppelen East ten from Glatz East and thirty from the Great Glogaw South Gluckstad Gluâ—stadium Fanum Fortunae as the Name imports a Town in Germany in the Dukedom of Holstein upon the Elbe in Stormaria placed at the confluence of the Elbe and the Stoer It was raised and fortified by Christian IV. King of Denmark in 1620. and belongs now to that Crown It stands six Miles beneath Hamburgh to the West Gluchsbourg Glucsburgum a small Town in Denmark from which the Dukes of Holstein have their Title of Glucksbourg or Luxbourg It stands in the East part of the Dukedom of Sleswick near Flentsburgh from which it lies but one German Mile to the East upon a Bay of the Baltick Sea towards the Isle of Alsen Glycynero Athyras L'Acqua Dolce a River of Thrace which ariseth near Byzia Bilzier or Visa a City of Thrace
one of the most considerable Counties in Germany which is bounded on the East and North by Thuringia on the West by Hassia and on the South by the Diocese of Wurtzburgh being in length from East to West almost two days Journey The Emperor Maximilian II. erected it into a Principality which Title in 1583. passed into the House of Saxony Hennebont Hannebon Hannebontum a ancient Town upon the River Blavet which falls into the Sea near Port Louis in the South of Bretagne in France four Leagues from the Shoars of the Sea and three from the said Port thirty two Miles from Rennes to the South-West and ten from Vennes to the North-West Heretofore very strongly fortified but now neglected It has a very fair Church Hensterberg Cetius a Mountain of Austria which begins in the Lower Austria at the Danube three Miles from Vienna to the West and running South through Stiria and Carinthia ends at the Drave being called in different Countries by various Names Heppen Apianum a Castle in the Bishoprick of Trent Herac Petra a City of Arabia Deserta called Rabath in the Scriptures It was in the latter times an Archbishop's See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem having before been under the Patriarch of Alexandria It stands in the Confines of Palestine upon the Brook Zareth Long. 66. 45. Lat. 30. 20. Heracaian the same with Kherman Herachia Heratia a small Island in the Archipelago East of Scinusa and not far from Heraclea in Thrace Heraclia Heraclea a City in Thrace called Vrbs Herculea in Claudian Perinthus by Ptolemy and before Mygdonia now frequently Araclea It is an Archbishop's See under the Patriarch of Constantinople at the first its Superior and the Metropolis of Thrace it self so that the Bishop of Byzantium was a Suffragan to the Bishop of Heraclea Severus the Emperor finding the City of Byzantium now Constantinople in the Hands of Pescennius Niger his Rival in 194. besieged it and having taken it after a Siege of three Years dismantled burnt and ruin'd it and gave all its Lands to the City of Heraclea which from thenceforth was advanced above Byzantium and continued so till Constantine built Constantinople in the beginning of the IV. Century The Bishop of Heraclea became by this means superior to the Bishop of Byzantium But Heraclea is now in a decaying Condition thus described by Mr. Wheeler This Town hath a good Harbour whose Mouth lieth East of it turning about so that it maketh a Peninsula The Town lieth in the Neck of this having the Sea on one side and the Port on the other which Port is five Miles in Circumference There appeared great plenty of Marble Antiquities broken and scattered about by the unregarding Turks Amongst the rest I found one Inscription dedicated to Severus their great Benefactor A poor Place it is but an Archbishops See for all that and the Cathedral one of the best now standing in Turky In it Sir Edward Guitts one of the Embassadors of England lies buried who died here before his Return upon whose Tomb is a Greek Inscription This City lies 52 Miles from Constantinople to the West and seventy from Gallipoli to the North-West Hereâ—oâ—râ— a great many Cities in Greece Asia Egypt and Italy have born the same Name of Heraclea but they are all ruined or changed into such distant Names as that this Place belongs no now to them Herbauges Herbadilia an old ruined City not far from Nantes in the Confines of Bretagne and Poictou mentioned in the Lives of the Saints Herberstein a Barony in the Province of Carinthia in Germany Herbipoli See Wurtaburg Herborne Herborna a small Town in Westerwalt in the County of Dillemburgh which is an University or rather has a College founded in it by John Count of Dillemburgh in 1585. It stands four German Miles from Marpurg to the West and three from Gissen or Giessen Herck Archa a Town or Castle in the Bishoprick of Leige in the Confines of Brabant in the middle between Maestricht to the East and Lovain to the West § There is also a River called the Herck which flowing by Tongren or Tongres and this Castle of Herck falls into the Demer Demera one Mile above Bardiest Herklens Herculis Castra a Town of Guelderland Hereford Herefordia Ariconium a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Canterbury upon the River Wye on the Borders of South Wales beyond the Severn which grew up out of the Ruins of Ariconium an old Roman Town not far from it Camden saith of old it was called Ferulega or the Forest S. Ethelbert King of the East-Angles was slain here by Offa King of the Mercians who invited him to his Court to Marry his Daughter and by the malicious Instigation of Quenred his Queen did this base Act about 749. After which the East-Angles continued under the Mercians seventy seven Years The Prince being esteemed a Martyr there was a Church built to his Honour and a Bishoprick established in it In 1055. it was burnt by the Welsh but soon after rebuilt and fortified Yet it was very small at the time of the Conquest not having above an hundred Men within and without The Normans built here a very strong Castle now ruined and walled the City Reinelm the Bishop built part of the Cathedral in the Reign of Henry I. whose Successors built the rest and the Close It s Long. is 20. 24. Lat. 52. 06. The first Bishop was Putta placed here in 680. Reinelm the XXX in Order succeeded in 1107. and sat eight Years In the year 673. Theodore Archbishop of Canterbury held a Council here There are six Gates for Entrance into it and fifteen Watch-Towers Herefordshire Silures by the Welsh called Erinuck is of an Oval Form Bounded on the East with Worcestershire and Gloucestershire on the South with Monmouthshire on the West with Radnorshire and Brecknock and on the North with Shropshire It is a pleasant fruitful County abounding with all things necessary for the Life of Man They have a Proverb that as to the three W's that is VVheat VVool and VVater it is equal to any County in England The VVye Lug and Munow after they have fertilized the various Parts of this County meet below Monmouth and pass in one Channel into the Severn near Chepstow William Fitz-Osborn was created Earl of Hereford by William the Conqueror in the first year of his Reign Anno Christi 1066. Henry de Bohun descended from the former Earls in 1199 his Posterity in seven Descents enjoyed it till 1371. Henry of Bullingbrook succeeded as Duke of Hereford in the Right of Mary his Wife Daughter of Humfrey de Bohun the last Earl of that Family in 1398. In 1547. Walter d' Eureux descended from the Bouchiers and Bohuns was created Viscount of this County Leicester d' Eureux the present Possessour is the eighth in this Line and a Minor Heren Carrhae a City in Mesopotamia called Heren or Harran by the Turks It was a Bishop's See under the Archbishop
The Capital of its hundred upon the River Bane and in the division of Lindsey Horndiep Arnapa a small River of Holland which ariseth in Drent a Territory of Over Yssel and flowing through Groningen a little beneath Hunsen falls into the River Reit Diep after it has watered the City of Groningen Horndon on the Hill a Market Town in the County of Essex in the hundred of Barstable Horomelt one of the Names of Greece Horsham a Market Town in the County of Sussex in Bramber Rape It is a large Borough Town having the Election of 2 Parliament-men situated near S. Leonards Forest Horti Hortanum See Orta Houdain Hodanum a small French City in la Beausse or in the Government of the Isle of France according to others near Chartres two Leagues from Dreux to the North-East and eight from Paris to the West upon the River Vegre La Houlme Holmesia a small District in Normandy between the River Orne Olina and the Territory of le Mans in which there is no Town of note Howden a Market Town in the E. riding of Yorkshire giving Name to a small Territory call'd Howdenshire near the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Derwent Hoy Dumma an Island of Scotland which is one of the Orcades three Miles from the Island of Mainland call'd also Hethy Hoye Hoya a small Town in Westphalia upon the River Weser two German Miles from Ferden to the South and from Newburg to the North the Capital of the Earldom von Hoye in Westphalia which was under Earls of its own till 1582. when upon the Death of Otto the last of them it fell to the Duke of Brunswick Zell Hudsons Bay an Arm of the Sea North of Estoiteland in the North America discovered by one Hudson an Englishman in 1612. Hudwicswaldt a City or Town in the Province of Helsing in the Kingdom of Sweden on the Baltick Sea towards the Province of Middlepad Huccar Vero a River of Spain Hued or Hued-il-Barbar Icer Serbes a River in the Kingdom of Algiers in Africa which derives its head from the Atlas and takes so many turnings and returnings amongst the Mountains that betwixt Bonne and Tunis it comes to be passed twenty five times At length falls into the Mediterranean Sea They Fish for Coral upon its Banks Hued Nijar Niger a River of Africa in Aethiopia Hued el Quiber Nasabath a River in the Kingdom of Algier Huesca Faventia Calicula Vesci Osca Escua a City in the Kingdom of Granada See Horiguela which is the same City § There is another Town of the same Name in the Kingdom of Arragon upon the River Ysuela fourteen Miles from Saragosa to the North-East and twenty from Lerida to the North-West This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of aragossa and call'd by the ancients Osca Illergetum A Council was celebrated at it in 598. Huetca a Dutchy in New Castile upon the Confines of the Kingdoms of Granada and Murcia Hull Petuaria Hullum a Town and River in the East Riding of Yorkshire The Town is seated upon the West Bank of the River where it entereth the Humber twenty six Miles from York to the South-East and eleven from the Spurn Head or British Sea to the North-West Of no great Antiquity Edward I. purchasing the Ground of the Abbat of Meaux and built the Town which thereupon was called Kings-Town He made the Haven also granted the Town a Charter and divers Liberties by which means it grew to that it now is being for stately Houses strong Forts well furnished Ships Merchandize and plenty of all things the best in this part of England The Inhabitants ascribe much also to Michael de la Poole Duke of Suffolke who procured them many Privileges after he was by Richard II. made Duke of Suffolk Their gainful Fisheries on the Coast of Iseland had its share in this growth Being grown Rich they Walled the Town Paved their Streets raised their chief Magistrates from a Warden to Bailiffs at last in the Reign of Henry VI. got the Honor of a Mayor and that the Town should be a County Charles the Martyr Treasured up here a goodly Magazine for the benefit of his Subjects but when he came to use it April 23. 1642 he was most unworthily and undutifully excluded by Sir John Hotham which on the twenty fifth of the same Month was by the Parliament justified being upon the matter the first act of Hostility against that Holy Prince Hotham the Son was routed April 11. 1643. at Ancaster by Colonel Cavendish And both Father and Son came to be Beheaded by their Fellows Rebels the first in 1644. and the other in 1645. for intending to return to their Allegiance The River of Hull riseth by Kilham in the same County and passing on the East of Beverley at the distance of a Mile falls into the Humber between Hull and Dripole being Navigable up to Beverley and perhaps higher Hulst Hulstum a City in the Low-Countries in Flanders near Gaunt small but very well fortified the Capital of the Territory of Waes taken by the Dutch in 1645. and kept by them ever since It stands five Leagues from Antwerp to the West and seven from Gaunt to the North-West Humago Cissa an Island near Histria Humain Siga a City of Mauritania in Africa Humana a ruined City in the Marca Anconitana Humber Abus one of the principal Rivers of England or rather an Arm of the Sea into which many of the Rivers of this part of England empty themselves on the North it hath Yorkshire on the South Lincolnshire out of the first of these it receives the River of Hull then the Ouse which bringeth with it Derwent the Swale the Your the Wharf the Are Calder and the Dun then the Trent which divides Nottingham from Lincolnshire and brings many other with it as the Darwen the Manifold the Stoure and many others above Barton it receives the Ankam out of Lincolnshire the Mouth by which these Streams enter the German Ocean being almost seven Miles wide Humble Homelia a small River of Hantshire which rising by Bushwaltham and watering Boteley forms an Haven called Humble Haven on the East of St. Andrew's Castle over against the Isle of Wight where it entereth the British Sea Hungaria Pannonia inferior is one of the Noblest but most unfortunate Kingdoms next to Greece in Europe The Natives call it Magiar the Poles Wegierska the Germans Vngarn and the French Hungary On the North it is bounded with the Vpper Poland and Red Russia the Carpathian Mountains interposing between it and them on the East with Transylvania and Moldavia on the West with Stiria Austria and Moravia and on the South with Sclavonia and Servia Baudrand including Sclavonia bounds it on the South with Croatia Bosnia and Servia It extends in length from Presburgh along the Danube to the Borders of Transylvania the space of three hundred English Miles and one hundred and ninety of the same in breadth it takes in all
an half and from 37. deg and an half of Lat. to 46. and an half In every respect so delightful that divers Writers call it the Garden of Europe Watered by the Rivers Po Tanaro Garigliano Arno Reno Tiber Volturno c. Adorned with a great many magnificent handsome well built Cities divers Universities and more Bishopricks than any Country in the World besides Italica Heraclea a City of Asia Itching a River of Hantshire meeting with the River Test at their fall into the Sea near Southampton Winchester stands upon its Banks Ithaca an Island in the Ionian Sea near Cephalonica now called Isola del Compare and Val de Compare by the Turks Phiachi or Theachi And in Dionysius Africanus Nericia This was the Birth-place of Vlysses as Virgil hath it Sum patria ex Ithaca comes infoelicis Vlyssei Aen. 3. Iton Itona a small River of Normandy which washeth Eureux and then falls into the River Eure. Ituraea the ancient Roman Name of a Region in Palestine since called Bacar See Bacar In the time of our Saviour it was a Tetrarchate under the Government of Philip Herod's Brother The Inhabitants were a mixture of the Tribes of Gad and Reuben Itzeho Itzâ—hoa a small City in Holstein properly so called in the very Borders of Stomaria upon the River Stor two German Miles from the Eibe and Gluckstadt towards the South-East Iuanogrod a Castle in the County of Ingermanland near Narva from which it is parted only by the River Plausa Built and fortified by the Russ and conquered by the Swedes together with the Province in which it stands Iucatan or Yucatan a Peninsula in New Spain in North America within the Government of Mexico running into the North Sea betwixt the two Gulphs of Mexico and Honduras above two hundred and fifty Leagues in circuit Fertile especially in Cotton and planted with the Cities Merida Salamanca Valladolid c. It was first discovered by Francis Hernandez of Corduba and afterwards conquered by Francis Montege by a War of nine years in 1536. Iudea See Palestine Iudenburg a City of the Vpper Stiria upon the River Muer which falls into the Drave in the Borders of Hungary nine Miles above Gratz to the West and two from the Confines of Carinthia It is under the House of Austria and thought to be the ancient Sabatinca Norici Iudia Vdia Odiaa the Capital City of the Kingdom of Siam in the East-Indies where the King resides thirty Leagues from the Indian Ocean upon the River Menan In Long. 129. 00. Lat. 15. 00. And is a Place of great Trade Iudicello Amananus a River of Sicily which ariseth from Mount Aetna and passing through the City of Catania falls into the Ionian Sea after a Course of ten Miles Ivel a River of Bedfordshire falling into the Ouse upon which stand Biglesworth and Shefford Ivetot a Seigniory in the Paix de Caux in Normandy Said to have been erected into a Kingdom by King Clotaire I. in satisfaction for the Murder of Gautier Lord of Ivetot committed in the Church upon a Good Friday by King Clotaire's own hand Others write this is a Fable St. Ives a Borough and Market Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Penwith which returns two Burgesses to the House of Commons It has a Haven to the North or Irish Sea § A Market Town in Huntingtonshire in the Hundred of Hurstington upon the River Ouse over which it hath a fair Stone Bridge Said to be so called from S. Ivo a Bishop who about the year 600. preached Christianity throughout England and here died Ivette Iveta a small River of France which falls into the Orbe Iuhorsky or Juhora Jugra Juhra a Province in the North of Moscovy upon the White Sea It hath a City of the same Name Ivica Ebusus an Island on the East of Spain belonging to Majorca and seated between it and Spain only twenty Miles in compass with a secure Haven on its South side It affords great plenty of Salt and has no hurtful Creature in it The Bishop of Tarragona is the Proprietor of this Isle It is on all sides incompassed with Rocks or small Islands which make the approach to be very dangerous Iuine Junna a small River in Gastinois in France which arising near the Forest of Orleance and bending Northward takes in Estampes and some other small Rivers and falls into the Seyne at Corbie Some believe it to be the same with the River Yone and that it was called Estampes from the Town of that Name upon it Ivingo a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Colstow Iuliers Juliacum a City of Germany mentioned by Tacitus and Ammianus Marcellinus called by the Inhabitants Gulick See Gulick § Also the Name of a Dukedom in the Province of Westphalia between the Rhine to the East and the Maes to the West bounded on the North by Vpper Guelderland on the East by the Bishoprick of Cologne on the South by Eifall and the Bishoprick of Treves and on the West by the Dukedom of Limburg The River Roer divides it into two parts This from 700. was under Princes of its own to 1609. when upon the death of John William the last Duke there arose a contest between the Duke of Newburg and Brandenburg which in 1612. broke out into a War these two Dukes in the end dividing the Dukedom between them and entering a League for their mutual defence against who ever should annoy either of them in that which he possessed The Dukes of Saxony at the same time pretended a Right which though they never prosecuted yet they still reserve unto themselves Iuncto Tagrus a Mountain in the Kingdom of Portugal Iunnan Junnanum a great Province in the Kingdom of China in the South-West Borders towards the East-Indies on the North it is bounded by the Kingdom of Tibet and the Province of Suchem on the East it has Queycheu and Quamsi two other Provinces of China on the South the Kingdoms of Tunkim and Cochin-China and on the West the Kingdom of Pegu. The Southern parts of this Province have been conquered by the King of Tunkim and are in his hands It has its Name from Ynvam a vast City seated in Long. 131. 00. Lat. 25. 30. This Province contains two and twenty great Cities eighty four smaller and one hundred thirty two thousand nine hundred fifty eight Families Iunquera See Jonquera Iura a Mountain which divides France from Switzerland called by the Germans Iurten by the Swiss Leberberg and Leerberg It begins at the Rhine near Basil to the North extends to the Rhosne and the County of Beugey to the South having many different Names from the People by which it passeth That part which begins at the Rhosne four Miles from Geneva and lies between the County of Burgundy and Beugey is called le Credo afterwards it is called St. Claude about the rise of the River Doux it has the Name of Mont de Joux in the Borders of
the Nation on the account of the Haven and the Castle which being Garrisoned keeps the Country quiet and in awe In the time of the Rebellion of the Irish it held out against them and afforded shelter and relief to many thousands which fled to it When Cromwell came up it yielded without a Stroke in 1649. It surrendred to General Schomberg for want of Ammunition August 27. 1689 upon Articles after a Siege of eight or ten Days by Sea and Land King William landed here June 14. 1690 at his coming into Ireland At this day the Trade is going to Belfast a Town eight Miles more to the South upon the same Haven and that has put a stop to the Growth of Knockfergus Knockenhauss a Town in Livonia in Leisland upon the River Duna which belonged heretofore to Poland but is at present under the Swedes it lies sixteen German Miles East from Riga upon the same River Knoctoe that is the Hill of Axes a place in the County of Gallway four Miles from the City of Gallway on the West of Ireland under which the Noble Girald Fitz-Girald Earl of Kildare and by times for the space of thirty three years Lord Deputy of Ireland in 1516 overthrew the greatest Rabble of Rebels that ever was seen together before in Ireland which had been assembled by William Burk Obrian Macnemare and O. Carral Knottesford a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Bucklow Kola a small Town of Lapland which stands upon a River of the same Name and has a Haven upon the White Sea This is under the Dominion of the Russ much frequented by the Ships of England and Holland It lies sixty German Miles South-East from the North Cape ninety five North-West from Archangel in Long. 57. 30. Lat. 68. 30. Koldinguen Coldinga a City of South Jutland which has a Castle called Arensborch and a Haven upon the Baltick Sea over against the Isle of Fiona Here the Horse and Oxen which are driven into Holstein and Germany in vast Numbers pay a Toll to the King of Denmark Christian III. King of Denmark died here in 1559. Kolom Columna a considerable City in the Province of Mosco upon the River Mosco where it falls into that of Aka or Occa sixteen Miles to the East from Mosco It has a delightful appearance by reason of its Towers and Stone Walls which are not usual in Moscovy The Duke has here a Governor or Vaiwod And it is also the See of the only Bishop in this Province Koloswar See Clausenburgh Kom Komum a vast City in Persia in the Province of Hierach in the middle between Hispahan and Casbin Komare Komore Komorra Comaria a very strong and well fortified Town in the Lower Hungary seated on the South point of the Isle of Schut where the Danube reunites into one Stream four German Miles from Raab two from Neuheusel to the South and five from Gran to the North. This Town was first fortified by Matthias Corvinus King of Hungary in 1472. against the Germans in design but for them in effect it having been one of the impregnable Bulwarks of Christendom against the Turks ever since they took Gran in 1542. It is a great populous rich City as well as a strong one By a Line drawn from the Waagh that is the Southern Branch of the Danube to the Northern Branch of the Danube strengthened with four Bastions the Emperor has much inlarged it The Emperor kept here always a great Garrison and a Trusty Governor After the taking of Raab in 1591. Sinan Bassa besieged this Town with sixty Ships and a great number of Turks and Tartars but without any success to the great slaughter of the Tartars especially All his Treachery for he sent five Turks to suborn Baron Brown the then Governor to sell the Town under the shew of a Parly and Valor too were here equally baffled sour of the five Turks having their Heads set upon Spears and the fifth being sent back to the Bassa to let him know there were no more Traytors to be bought The chief strength of it is in a Fort called the Tertise Kongel Congella a City in Norway in the County of Babuis upon the River Trolhet five Miles above its outlet and twelve from Gottenburgh to the North now under the Swedes Koningsberg Mons Regius Regio-mons or Regiomontum a City in Prussia Ducalis whereof it is the Capital under the Elector of Brandenburgh upon the River Pregel Adorned with a Ducal Palace and an University which was sounded by Albert Duke of Prussia in 1544. It is a great and handsome a trading and an Anseatique City Koning-gratz Gradium Reginae Ragino Gradecium a City of Bohemia called also Kralowihrades and Koningsgrats which in 1664. was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Prague by Pope Alexander VII It is seated upon the Elbe twelve Miles from Prague to the East thirty two from Vienna to the North-West in the prefecture of Gradetz Konitz Conitia a Town in Prussia Regia upon the River Bro near the Desart of Waldow in the Confines of the Brandenburgh-Pomerania eight Polish Miles from Culm to the West This Town is called by the Poles Choinicke Koperberg Cuprimontium a Free Town of Sweden which has rich and most useful Mines of Copper from whence it has its Name It stands not far from a Lake in the Province of Gestrick fifty Miles from Gevals a Town in the same Province to the West and a little more from the Botner Sea See Gestrick Kopizath Imaus See Imaus Koppan Campona Copanum a Town in the Lower Hungary upon the Danube mentioned by Antoninus in his Itinerary which is near Buda some suppose it the same with this others Keppel and others Theten two Miles from Buda Korbaten Colapiani the Croates See Croatia They are also called Krabaten by the Germans Kornthaurn Taurus a Mountain of Carinthia between it and Salisburgh mentioned by Tacitus Jornandes Eutropius and Herodian Ortelius saith it is of a vast height and is called Thaurn Kornthaurn Krumlechthaurn and Rhadstratterthaurn Korsoe Corsoa a small City in Denmark on the Western Shoar of the Island of Zealand at which Charles Gustavus first Landed in 1658. It stands upon that Arm of the Baltick Sea which is called Die Belt over against the Island of Fionia and the City of Newborg two English Miles West of Skelsor and has a Castle belonging to it Korsum Korsuma a Town in the Palatinate of Kâ—ovia upon the River Rosse built in 1581. by K. Stephen and memorable for a great Victory obtained over the Poles by the Cossacks in 1648. It stands five Polish Miles from Czyrkassy to the West Kotting Cotuantii an ancient People amongst the Grisons the same perhaps with the Gotthouspunt Kouuno Couuna a City in Poland in the Dukedom of Lithuania upon the River Chronus or Niemen where it receives the Vil in the Confines of Samogitia eighteen Polish Miles from Vilna to the West fourteen from Troki in which Palatinate it
it at Hopton Heath it was again surrendred to Prince Rupert How long it continued in the King's Hands I know not but I find it taken by Storm by the King May 30. 1645. and retaken by Treaty June 18. in the same year by Fairfax after the fatal Battel of Naseby It s Long. is 21. 20. Lat. 52. 42. Sir Edward Henry Lee created Baron of Spellesburg and Viscount Quarendon was made Earl of Lichfield June 5. 1674. Lichfield has also the honour to be a County Corporate and besides the Cathedral shews three Parish Churches Lico Lycus a River of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia which watereth Laodicea and falls soon after into the Meander See Laodicea Licosia Ledrensis Vrbs the same with Nicosia the principal City of the Island of Cyprus Licostomo See Scotusa Lida a small Town which has a strong Castle built upon a Rock and is the Capital of a Territory in the Palatinate of Vilna in Lithuania under the Kingdom of Poland It stands upon the River Deta ten Polish Miles from Vilna South and seven from Novogrod severely handled by the Moscovites in 1655. Liddesdale a small County in the South of Scotland in the Borders of England which takes its Name from a River that runs through it It is bounded on the North with Tivedale on the West with Annandale on the South with Cumberland and on the East with Northumberland Lidkioping Lidkiopinga a small City in Westrogothia a Province in Sweden upon the Lake of Weâ—er and the River Lid three Miles from Marystad to the West forty five from Daleburg and thirty from Falkop to the North. Liechtenstein a Principality in the Province of Austria in Germany There is another Liechtenstein in the Trentine in Italy near Bolzano Liege Leodium a City of Germany which Lipsius calls Leodicum the Writers of the middle Ages Legia the Inhabitants Luyck the Germans Luttyck and the French Liege It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cologne a great and populous City built upon the Maes and annexed to the Low Countries yet a German City in the Circle of VVestphalia and under the Protection of its own Bishop fifteen Miles from Cologne to the West five from Aquisgrane ten from Louvain and three from Maestricht to the South It had a very strong Castle which was ruined by the French Though in the Protection of its own Bishop yet it is a Free Imperial City and herefore a pleasant Village situate in the Woods and Hills amongst sweet Springs which fell down from those Hills frequently visited by Landebert Bishop of Tongres who was afterwards slain here by Dodon a Servant of Pepin King of France The See was first settled at Tongres from thence removed to Maestricht and at last by S. Hubartus one of these Bishops settled at Liege It takes this Name from a small River which there falls into the Maes a vast part of the Ground within its Walls is not built but imployed in Vineyards and Orchards and withal so very fruitful that it may contend with Sicily In this City Charles the Great kept his Christmas in the year 769. Henry IV. died here of Grief in 1197. In the year 1131. Pope Innocent II. crowned the Emperor Lottharius in the Church of S. Lambert here Henry VI. reduced this City then in Rebellion in 1191. It is supposed by some to be built by Amborix a German Prince mentioned by Julius Caesar It suffered much from the Normans much also from one of the Dukes of Brabant who in 1212. took it and suffered it to be plundered six days together in the fifteenth Century Charles Duke of Burgimdy taking advantage of their Disagreement in the Election of a Bishop grievously afflicted it in 1468. and destroyed a part of it in this last Age it has been ill treated by its Bishops and the French taking it by surprize in 1675 the next year after ruined the Castle so that it is no great wonder if after all these Calamities the number of its Inhabitants are diminished The Baron D'Elderen great Dean of the Cathedral was chosen Bishop and Prince of Liege by plurality of Votes against the Cardinal of Furstenburgh August 17. 1688. The Bishoprick of Liege or Luyck is a part of the Circle of Westphalia though annexed to the Spanish Netherlands its ancient Inhabitants were the Eburones of old called Tungri also It is bounded on the East and South by the Dukedoms of Limburgh and Luxemburgh on the West by Brabant and the Earldom of Namur and on the North by the Vpper Guelderland Luxemburgh Namur and Hainault have every of them agrandised themselves with the Spoils of this Diocese The principal City is Liege the rest are Dinant S. Trayen Huy Maseich and Tongres besides these it contained fifty two Baronies eighteen walled Towns and four hundred Villages being no less populous than fruitful It is thirty one Miles long and fifteen broad the Valleys produce plenty of Grass the Plains of Corn the Hills of Wines the Mountains have their Quarries of Marble and Mines of Lead Iron and Brimstone and Pit-Coal in abundance Its Forests affords all sorts of Venison in great plenty besides the Maes which runs the whole length of this Country it has fourteen other Rivers some very considerable which both inrich the Lands promote Trade and afford them a great plenty of Fish and after all the Air is very temperate and healthful Lier Ledo a River in the Low-Countries Liere Lier a very strong Town in Brabant in the District of Antwerp seated upon the great Nethe which falls two Miles further to the South into the Ruypel This Town is under the Spaniards and is a Frontier against the Hollanders two Miles from Mechelen to the North six from Brussels to the North-West and three from Antwerp to the East Naturally very strong by its Situation and made much more so by Art See Lire Liesse or Notre Dame de Liesse a small Town in Laonnois County in Picardy famous for the Devotions there paid to a Chappel of the Virgin Mary Lieuvin a District belonging to the City of Lisieux in Normandy which lies between Auge to the West the Mouth of the Seine to the North the Territory of Roan to the East and the Territory d' Ouche to the South This was the Seat of the Lexovii a Gaulish Tribe and is now called Lexoviensis Ager from them Lignitz Lignitia Lignitium Hegetmatia a City of Silesia in Bohemia upon the River Katzbach Caâ—us which falls into the Oder not two Miles from Jawer to the North five from Glogaw and seven from Wratislaw It was heretofore under a Duke of its own together with a small Territory belonging to it and has a noble Castle at this day The Dutchy since 1675. is in the Emperor as King of Bohemia Ligor Ligorium a City of the Kingdom of Siam in the East-Indies upon the Promontory of Malaca near the Bay of Siam in the middle between the City of Judia Vdia or Odida the
it It is not very great but as neat and handsom a City as most in Germany There is in it a very great Market-place with never a bad House in it the whole Town is built of a very white free Stone and the Castle upon the Hill is of a Modern building very large there is also a Bridge over the Danube The Imperial Forces Rendezvouzed here when Solyman came to Vienna in 1532. This was also besieged by the Peasants of Austria in the time of Ferdinand II. They having got a Body together of forty thousand Men and many pieces of Ordnance but were stoutly repulsed after many Assaults and at last overcome by Papenheim The late renowned Duke of Lorraine dyed at a Convent near this Lintz See Lorraine Lintz Lentium a small Town upon the Rhine in the Diocese of Cologn in Westerwaldt five Miles beneath Coblentz to the North six from Cologn in the borders of the Dukedom of Juliers Lintzgow Lentinensis Populus a part of the Dukedom of Bavaria Lipari Liparae a knot of small Islands being seven in number belonging to the Kingdom of Sicily they lie in the Tyrrhenian Sea about thirty Miles to the North-West of the Island and the same distance from Calabria to the West Though they belong to Sicily yet Charles V. for his convenience attributed them to the Kingdom of Naples but in 1609. they were restored to Sicily and at this day are holden by the King of Spain as a part of it The ancient Poets Epithet them Aeoliae and Vulcaniae from a fiction of their being the Country of the Gods of those names The principal is the Island called Lipari which has an Episcopal City to enable it under the Metropolitical jurisdiction of Messina in Sicily In 1544. Barberousse the Turkish Admiral ruined this City but it was rebuilt again and a considerable Fortress added to it Lippa a City of Transylvania seated upon the River Marosch which falls in the Tibiscus at Segedin It stands five Hungarian Miles from Temeswar to the North and thirteen from Alba Julia or Weissenburgh to the South-West This City was taken in 1595. from the Turks by the Emperor Retaken by Assault by General Caraffa with a Body of ten thousand Imperialists on Aug. 19. 1688. And the Castle into which the Garrison retreated to save themselves being about two thousand Soldiers was obliged to Surrender upon discretion two days after There were eighteen pieces of Cannon in it Lippe Lippia a City of Westphalia more commonly called Lipstat It stands upon the River Lippe three German Miles from Paderborn to the East in Marshes and a bad Air yet it is a Hanse Town very great and the Capital of a County of the same name It was once too a Free Imperial City in length of time it became exempt and fell under the Jurisdiction of the Counts of Lippe and by one of them was mortgaged to the Duke of Cleve for eight thousand Marks of Silver and never since redeemed but together with Cleve fell to the Duke of Brandenburgh Charlemaigne assembled the Bishops of Germany here in 780. The County of Lippe is a part of the Circle of Westphalia between the Bishoprick of Paderborn the Dukedom of Westphalia and the County or Earldom of Ravensberg It is under its own Count the principal Town excepted whose Residence is at Lemgow He has also a part of the Earldom of Schaumburgh not long since granted him by Maurice Landtgrave of Hassia The Lippe Lupias Luppia is a River of Germany mentioned by Strabo and Mela. It ariseth in a Village called Lippsprinck near Paderborn and running Westward watereth Lippe or Lipstad separating the Diocese of Munster from the County of Mark it passeth by Ham Dorsten and Wesel into the Rhine twelve Miles beneath Cologn to the North-West Lippio Hyppius a River of Bithynia which falls into the Euxine Sea near Heraclea Ponti Lipuda Aretas a River of Calabria which falleth by the City of Vmbriatico into the Ionian Sea Lire Lira See Liere above Only let me add the Elogy given it by L. Guicciardin Lira elegans amoenum Brabantiae oppidum adeo ut multorum hujus Tractus Nobilium in otio degentium à curis turba jucundissimus sit recessus Lire is so beautiful and pleasant a Town of Brabant that many of the Nobility thereof make it their beloved recess from Cares and Crouds of Men. Lirio Iris the same with Casalmach Lis Loegia The same with Leye Lisbon Olysippo Vlysippo the Spaniards call it Lisboa the Capital City of the Kingdom of Portugal the Royal Seat of their Kings and an Archbishops See made by P. Boniface IX It has a large safe convenient Harbor and a Castle built on a Hill by the Taso on the North side of which River the City stands two Leagues from the Ocean and six from Cabo di Rocca Sintra In Long. 11. 00. Lat. 38. 50. According to Dr. Heylyn in Long. 9. 10. Lat. 38. 30. This City was recovered from the Moors by Alphonsus King of Portugal in 1147. It is the greatest in all Spain and every day encreasing At a Town called Bethlem within half a League of it are to be seen the Tombs of the Kings of Portugal Of this City the Spaniards have a Proverb Qui no ha visto Lisboa no ha visto cosa boa He that has not seen Lisbonne has seen nothing that 's good Lisieux Lexobii Lexovium Neomagus a City in the Vpper Normandy upon the River Tucca or rather Lezon which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Roan a great and fine City seated in a fruitful Country five Leagues from the Shoars of the British Seas to the East eighteen from Roan to the West and ten from Caen to the East The Country about is from it called the Lieuvin Caesar in his Commentaries twice mentions the Forces of the ancient People thereof against the Romans In 1106. The Ecclesiastiques held a Council here in the presence of Henry I. King of England and since others Lismore Lismora a small City in the Province of Munster in the County of Waterford which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cashell but this Bishoprick has been united to that of Waterford since 1363. It stands upon the River More fifteen Miles from the Vergivian Ocean and twenty two from Cashell Lisnia a strong Fortress in Bosnia surprized by the Imperialists July 18. 1690. after having in the two precedent Years been thrice attack'd by them in vain Two hundred Christian Slaves were here free'd Lison Casius a Mountain of Syria mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy lying between Cilicia and Phoenicia near Antioch and Laodicea There is another Mountain by it called the Anticasus and a Country between them called heretofore Casiolis in which are the Cities of Antiochia Seleucia Laodicea Epiphania Marathus Antaradus and some others most of which are by the Turks now Masters of this Country ruined A Gentleman who had Travelled over this Country informing me that it was little
is very strongly fortified and has a Castle on a Hill upon the River Eger in the Confines of Misnia four Miles from Eger or Heb another City of Bohemia to the East eighteen from Prague and as many from Dresden Lomaigne Leomania a Tract or Country in Aquitain or Gascony the principal Town of which is Vi◠de Lomaigne it lies between the County of Armagnac Verdun and the Garonne by which it is parted from the County of Agenois Loman a River in Devonshire which falls into the Ex by Tiverton in that County Lombardy Lombardia Longobardia is a considerable Country in the North of Italy under which is contained the greatest part of Gallia Cisalpina It is divided into two the Higher and the Lower Lombardy In the Higher are Piedmont with what is annexed to it the Dukedoms of Milan and Montisferat in the Lower are the Dukedoms of Mantua Modena and Parma with the Western parts of the State of Venice viz. The Territories of Bergamo Brescia Cremona Verona and Vicenza also the Dukedoms of Ferrara with the Territory of Bononia or Bologna which are in the States of the Church and now under the Pope The Italians also divide it into Lombardia di qua dal Po and Lombardia di la dal Po i. e. Lombardy on each side the Po. This was that Kingdom of the Lombards Langobardi or Longobardi in Italy which Charles the Great ruined after he had at Pavie taken Desiderius their last King Prisoner The principal City of this Kingdom was Milan This Kingdom was erected in 578. Isaacson placeth its beginning in 393. with whom Helvicus agrees Agelmond being their first King before whom they had Dukes it continued so under eleven Princes that is in Pannonia or Hungary not in Italy They came into Italy in 568. And their Kingdom continued there under twenty one Princes till 774 when Carlous Magnus Dethroned as was said In all two hundred and six Years Lombez Lombaria or Lumbaria a small City in Aquitain in France in the County of Cominges upon the River Sava which falls into the Garonne four Miles beneath Tolose Lombes stands five Leagues from the Garonne to the North eight from Aux to the South-East and ten from Tolose to the South-West Made a Bishops See by Pope John XXII who at the same time erected its ancient Abbey into a Cathedral under the Archbishop of Tolose in 1317. But little and not well inhabited The Albigenses were excommunicated in a Council here Lombura the Indus Lomond and Lough Lomond Lomandus is a great Lake in the South of Scotland in the County of Lenox between Menteith to the East and Argile to the West In length from North to South twenty Miles ten in breadth from East to West in some places in others three and four It is only four Miles from Dunbritown to the North and a little more from its Fyrth the River Levin empties it into the Fyrth There is in it sixteen small Islands Lon Lone or Lunne a River of Lancashire upon which Lancaster and Hornby are situated and Kirkby Lonsdale in the County of Westmorland It ends in the Irish Sea London Londinum Augusta Trinobantum the Capital City of the Kingdom of England or rather three Cities united into one Its length from East to West from Lime-house to the further end of Mill-bank in Westminster coming to 7500 Geometrical paces i. e. seven measured Miles and an half at a thousand paces a Mile Its breadth from the further end of Whitechappel-street to St. George's Fields in Southwark near three Miles It is first mentioned by Tacitus afterwards by Ammianus Marcellinus who calls it Augusta Stephanus de Vrbibus Lindonium Bede and Sigebert call it Lindona the English London the Saxons Lundain the French Londres the Germans Londen and the Italians Londra It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury seated in the County of Middlesex upon the Thames a noble navigable River over which it has a Bridge of nineteen Arches built with Houses on both sides and of late enlarged as to the Passage This is also the Royal City the Seat of the Kings of England and has been so for many years Therefore called the King of Englands Chamber It is situate in a rich and plentiful Soil abounding with plenty of all things and on the gentle ascent of an Hill on the North Side of the Thames By whom or when it was first built is now unknown Tacitus saith that in Nero's time about the Year of Christ 66 it was Copia Negotiatorum Commeatu maximè celebre A place of great resort for Commerce and famous for plenty of provisions But London was then near a great Calamity for Boadicia Queen of the Iceni being provoked by the Injuries of the Romans to assemble the Britains fell first upon Camalodunum now Maldon in Essex and taking it by surprize that year put all the Romans to the Sword Petilius Cerealis coming up with the ninth Legion was defeated and all his Foot put to the Sword too the Horse hardly escaping In the Interim Suetonius the Roman Propraetor or Governor who was then conquering the Isle of Anglesey comes up to London and was at first almost resolved to make it the Seat of War but finding reasons to alter this Resolve he marched away to S. Albans so Boadicia who was not far off came up and put all She found in the Town to the Sword and soon after treats S. Albans in the same manner in which three places She destroyed seventy thousand Romans and their Allies This City soon recovered this Blow and was afterward as famous as ever In the Year of Christ 292 it was in danger of being Sack'd by the Franks if an unexpected Arrival of some Roman Forces had not accidentally preserved it even when the Franks were actually in Possession of it Soon after this Constantine the Great is said to have Walled it In 313 we find Restitutus Bishop of London at the Council of Arles in France subscribing after Eborius Bishop of York Bede is very positive that it was then an Archbishops See Mr. Cambden is of opinion it was delivered up to the Saxons under Hengist their first King by Vortigern about the Year of Christ 463. Tho this changed the state of things and ruined Christianity yet London continued in all this Storm a considerable Mart or Sea-Port in 610. S. Paul's Church was built or rather rebuilt and assigned to the Uses of Christianity by Athelbert King of Kent Miletus was made the first Bishop of London after the Conversion of the Saxons in 604 the Metropolitick See being removed by Augustin the Monk then from London to Canterbury About the Year 701 Offa King of the East-Angles enlarged and endowed the Church of Westminster which is since become another City joined to London In the Year 854 this City fell into the Hands of the Danes who Sacked it and Canterbury coming then with a Fleet of two hundred and fifty Ships In 1012
these Barbarians slew the Bishop of London for not paying them their Tribute the Year after Sweno King of the Danes took the City and expelled King Ethelred out of England but this lasted not long In the Year 1016 Canutus the Dane took London and in 1018 was there Crowned King of England In 1042 there was an end put to this Danish Race and Edward the Confessor was Crowned King of England In 1064 this Prince died and Herald usurping upon Edward Atheling the Right Heir William Duke of Normandy entred England slew him and in 1066 was Crowned in London The Fate of London has been much the same with that of England ever since for this Prince in 1078 having built the Tower of London it became the setled Residence of our Kings from that day forward William II. in 1099 Walled the Tower King John in 1210 Granted this City its first Charter and Instituted its Major and Government In 1211 He built London Bridge In 1217 Lewis of France was besieged in London by Henry III. and forced to leave the Land In 1378 John Philpot a Londoner at his own Cost and upon his own Authority put out a Fleet and cleared the Seas of Pyrats In 1381 the Country Clowns rising against the Nobility and one Jack Straw behaving himself insolently towards the King in Smithfield Sir William Wallworth the Lord Major stabbed him and put an end to that Rebellion for which Service the Red Dagger was added as is said to the Arms of London In 1392 that Prince seized their Liberties for resusing to lend him Money In 1567 the Royal Exchange was built by Sir Thomas Gresham In succeeding times it throve to that degree as to have one hundred and thirty three Parishes accounted within its Walls and Suburbs In 1665 a Plague swept away one hundred thousand of her Inhabitants In 1666 a devouring Fire Levelled thirteen thousand of her Houses The Footsteps of which dismal Calamity by the Industry of the Citizens encouraged by their Gracious King Charles II. are not otherwise to be seen but in a more glorious Restauration A great multitude of Provincial and National Councils have been celebrated at London in all times Long. 23. 25. Lat. 51. 34. § Boston in New England is sometimes also called New London London-Derry is a Colony of the English Planted in the County of Colâ—ain in the North of the Province of Vlster in a fruitful Soil and upon Waters that afford it great plenty of Fish of all sorts This in 1612 was made a London Colony some of the Companies in London bearing the Charge of it and one Colonel Dockwray an old experienced Commander of the English being sent with them to command govern and take care of them Being thus happily begun and a great number following the first in a short time it became the most considerable City in Vlster And being as well carefully Fortified and Garrisoned as Peopled in the time of the Irish Massacre it stood so firm for the English that no Force or Fraud of the Irish could expel them The Irish had reduced them to great extremity in 1649 but one Owen Row Oneale in time frustrated their Attempts and relieved the Town when it was just upon the point of being starved into a Complyance See Derry Longford a Town and County in Ireland in the Province of Leinster The County has Connaught on the West Vlster on the North Letrim and Roscomen on the West and Mayo on the South The Town is small and stands upon the North Side of the River Long where it falls into the Lake of Eske Longland an Island in the Baltick taken from the Danes by the Swedes in 1657. Long Meg and her Daughters a Trophy in the County of Cumberland erected at Salkeld on the River Eden It consists of seventy seven Stones each ten foot above ground but the highest is fifteen foot and this by the Inhabitants has the Name given it of Long Meg. Longouy or Longwy a Town in the Duchy of Lorain in the Dukedom of Bar in the Confines of Luxemburg five Leagues from Montmidy to the East and the same distance from Luxemburg to the South lately fortified by the French Longtown a Market Town in the County of Cumberland in Eskdale Ward Longueil a Town in Normandy near Dieppe giving its name to an honorable Family Longueville a Town in the Paix de Cauxe in Normandy which had the honour to be erected from the Title of an Earldom into a Dukedom in 1505. by Lewis XII K. of France Loon Loen Lon Los a River in the Bishoprick of Liege in the Earldom of Loots called by these various Names by the Germans Dutch and French Lopski Lopia a part of Tartary on the East of Moscovy beyond the River Ob which is subject to the Russ but lies in Asia between Siberia and Baida two other Provinces of that vast Empire Loquabre or Lockabre a County in Scotland called by Latin Writers Abria and Loquabria it lies on the West of Scotland towards the Hebrides written by the Scots Loch Quaber and bounded on the North with the Ocean and the County of Ross on the East with Murray and Athole on the South with Perth Menteith and Loune cut off from it by the broad Tay and on the West with the Ocean There are some Castles but never a Town or City of any Note in it Lorain Lotharingia Austrasia is a Dukedom belonging to Germany of late seized by the French King and therefore by Baudrand made a part of France Bounded on the East with Alsatia cut off by the Mountain Vauge Vogesus and the Dukedom of Bipont or Westreich as the Germans call it on the South with the County of Burgundy or the Franche Compté on the West with the River Maes which parts it from Champagne and on the North with Luxemburg Metz Verdun and the Land of Triers This Country is in length about four days Journey in breadth three much overgrown with Woods very Hilly and Mountainous being a part of the once vast Forest of Ardenne It was given by Lotharius the Emperor to his second Son Lotharius and from him took the Name of Lorain or as others write it Lorraigne This happened about the Year 851. Others say it took this Name from the Father and not from the Son about the Year 843 but all agree that from Lotharius this County was called by the Germans Lotreich by the Dutch Lot-reigne i. e. the Kingdom of Lot and from hence of later times by the Germans Lotthiringen by the Inhabitants Lorrain by the French Lorain The first of these Dukes of Lorain was Charles right Heir of the Caroline Line of France but excluded defeated and taken Prisoner by Hugh Capet His Advancement was from Otho II. Emperor of Germany about the Year 981 being the Son of Lewis IV. of France and of Gerbage an Aunt of the said Otho From this Charles the present young Duke of Lorain is Lineally Descended being the thirty fourth
the Palatinate of Landomir Long. 45.00 Lat. 51.00 Lublaw Lubloa called by the Poles Luboulia i◠a Castle belonging to the Vpper Hungary but mortgaged to the Crown of Poland in 1412 which has been ever since in their Hands and being cut off from the County of Cepasz it is annexed to the Palatinate of Cracow Lucania an ancient Province of Italy now thrown into the Basilicata in part and part into Calabria but before a Member of Magna Graecia Its Inhabitants made frequent Wars with the Romans and in the year of Rome 428. killed Alexander King of the Epirots near the River Acheron The Luccaye Islands near the Continent of America in the North Sea lie betwixt 294. and 304. Deg. of Long. and 21. and 28. of Lat. making a part of the Antilles The chiefest of them are Lucaioneque Amana Abacoa Bimini Guanahani Majaguana Juma c. enjoying a temperate Air and a fruitful Soil Lucca Luca Luceria a City and Republick of Italy ascribed by Pliny and Strabo to Hetruria but now in the Dukedom of Florence and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Pisa tho not subject to his Jurisdiction It is very strongly fortified with eleven Bastions and very populous Built by the Thusci in the Year of the World 3236. thirty nine years after Rome in the times of Senacherib and of Ezekiah King of Judah Narsetes the General of the Emperor Justinian besieged it in the Sixth Century Charles V. left this City under the Government of a French Cardinal who set them at liberty One of their own Paulus Giunisius Ravished this from them they soon recovered it again In the year 1390. the City was taken by Galatius Duke of Milan but in 1430. they again recovered their Liberty which they have ever since carefully preserved and to that purpose in 1626. made the present Fortifications The Dominions belonging to this State by the Italians called Il Luchese are small not above thirty Miles long and twenty five broad lying between the Appennine to the North the Mediterranean Sea to the West the States of Genoua to the North and Pisa to the South its greatest length is from North to South The Earth brings forth here Wine Oil and Chesnuts in abundance not so productive of Corn. The Inhabitants have improved every Inch of it to the utmost by which they have made it very pleasant The Bishop is immediately subject to the Pope This City stands ten Miles from Pisa to the North thirteen from the Sea to the East and forty five from Florence to the West Commonly Epitheted Lucca l'industriosa The Tomb of Richard King of England who died here in a journey to Rome is to be seen in the Church of S. Fridainus Long. 33. 16. Lat. 42. 50. Luceria See Nocera Lucerne Lucerna a City and Canton in Switzerland The City stands in Argow upon the Lake of Lucerne where the River Russ flows out of it through this place and is covered by three Bridges nine German Miles from Bearn to the East and six from Altorf to the South-West An Imperial Free City till the year 1332 when it was exempted The Marquess de la Parelle Lieutenant-General of the Duke of Savoy's Army recovered it out of the Hands of the French in Aug. 1690. The Lake of Lucerne called by the Germans Lucernerzee is extended twenty four Miles from East to West and is often called the Waldtstatteuzee from the four Cities which encompass it viz. Altorf Swiss Stantz and Lucerne The Canton of Lucerne the third of the twelve Swiss Cantons is Roman Catholick united to the rest in 1332. and bounded North West South and East by the Cantons of Zurich Swiss and Stantz Lucomerie Lucomorie a Province belonging to the Russ beyond the River Ob in Asia towards the North Ocean in which there are no Cities the People living in Woods Caves and desart places Towards the South of this Province there are Mountains called by the same Name Lurko See Lusuc Luconia See Lusson Ludlow a large populous well built Market and Borough Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Overs upon the Banks of the Teme walled and defended by a Castle built by Roger Earl of Montgomery It elects two Parliament-Men and the Court for the Marshes of Wales first ordained by King Henry VIII used to be kept here Lug Logus a small River which ariseth in Radnorshire and flowing through the County of Hereford a little beneath the principal City falls into the Wye at Mordeford bringing with it the Arrom the Wadels the Oney the Loden and the Frome Lugnitz Vallis Leguntia a Canton belonging to the Grisons Lugo Lucus Augusti Turris Augusti Arae Sextianae a City and Bishops See in Gallicia in Spain under the Archbishop of Compostella upon the River Minho eighteen Leagues from Compostella to the East ten from the Shoar of the Ocean South and thirty from Leon to the West An ancient Roman City mentioned by Pliny and Antoninus This City falling into the Hands of the Moors was recovered by Alphonsus King of Leon who died in 756. That which has most contributed to its preservation is its Hot Baths Long. 12. 00. Lat. 43. 00. Several small Synods have been anciently assembled at it § There is another Town called Lugo about fifteen Miles from Ferrara in Italy which was almost quite destroyed by the overflowing of the Po in May 1688. Luki Lodusia a City and Port in Gothland in Sweden Lulworth Castle a delightful and noted Castle in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Winfrith with a large Park about it and enjoying a Prospect into the British Sea The Kings of England in their Western Progress have often honoured it with their presence Lumasia the same with Bulgaria Lumellina a Territory of Lumello a Town in Lombardy in Italy in the Dukedom of Milan in the Territory of Pavia twenty Miles from that City to the West towards Casale Luna an ancient Roman City in Italy out of whose Ruins is sprung the present Sarzana See Sarzana Lunden Lundis Londinum Scanorum a City of the Kingdom of Sweden which was the Capital of the Province of Scania and an Archbishops See with six Suffragan Bishops under it These are all in the Kingdom of Denmark to which this City belonged till 1658 when it fell into the Hands of the Swedes who in 1668 opened here an University It was once much Celebrated but now in a declining Condition eight German Miles from Copenhagen to the East and six from Landscroon to the South-West commonly called Lund by the Inhabitants Made a Bishops See in 1065 an Archbishops in 1103 Ill treated by the Swedes in the latter Wars the Danes receiving a considerable Overthrow near it December 14. 1676. It is now only a Bishops See the Archbishop being in 1660 Translated to Copenhagen Long. 41. 00. Lat. 57. 23. Lunenburgh Luneburgh Lunaeburgum Selenoburgum a City of the Lower Saxony in Germany formerly one of the principal Hanse Towns in the Empire and the Capital of the
12. Lat. 50. 50. Maesta Mapha a City in Arabia Foelix Magadoxo a City on the East of Africa in the Kingdom of Zanguebar which has a strong Castle and a convenient Port. This City lies four hundred and fifty Miles South from the Mouth of the Red Sea In Long. 70 00. Lat. 02. 40. The Portuguese have treated it severely Magareb the Atlantick Ocean Magdeburg Mesujum Parthenopolis Magdeburgum a great City and an Archbishops See the Metropolis of the Lower Saxony upon the Elbe the Capital of a Territory of the same name a Hanse Town and an Imperial Free City ever since 940. Which still retains its Freedom and Liberty though under the Protection of its own Archbishop and the Elector of Brandenburg who had the adjacent Territory assigned to him with the Title of a Dukedom by the Peace of Munster after the death of the present Administrator or Archbishop This City imbraced the Reformation in 1567. upon which account it has suffered very much since It lies twelve Miles from Wittenburg to the North-West a little more from Wolffenbuttel to the East and nine from Halberstadt to the same In Long. 33. 53. Lat. 52. 18. commonly called Meydburg that is Maids-Town Ptolemy calls it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and most believe it to be the Mesuium in Antoninus but however the present Pile was built by Otho I. Emperour of Germany at the request of Editha his Wife Daughter of Edmund King of England about 940. Which Lady was afterwards buried in this City It was for some time the Seat of the Empire fortified with Walls Rampires Towers and a deep Trench so that Charles V. in 1549. could proscribe and spoil its Territories but not take it In 1631. it was taken by Du Tilly the Emperors General being suddenly surrounded by an Army when they did not expect it nor had made those Preparations requisite of Men Victuals and Ammunition the want of which last was the principal cause of its being taken by Storm May 10. after a Siege of great sharpness for fifteen Months and being set on fire to fright the Inhabitants from the defence of it the fire prevailed so far above the intentions of the Incendiaries that the whole City was laid wast The Duke of Saxony retook it in 1636. In 1666. it was again forced by the Arms of the Duke of Brandenburg to accept Augustus Duke of Saxony for its Administrator or Archbishop The Archbishoprick of Magdeburg now turned into a Dukedom is a very small Province of Germany in the Lower Saxony Bounded on the North with the old Marquisate of Brandenburgh on the East with the middle Marquisate on the South with Anhault and Halberstadt and with the Dukedom of Brunswick on the West The Capital of it is Magdeburg Magdeburg a Castle of Germany in the Upper Circle of the Rhine in the Bishoprick of Spire in 1517. sold by Vlricus Duke of Wirtemburg to Philip Electoral Bishop of Spire It is also called Madenburg Magellanica a Country in South America of great extent toward that Pole On the North it has the Countries of Cili Tacumania and Paragua on the South the Streights of Magellan and le Maire on the West the Atlantick and on the East the Pacifick Ocean This together with the Streights took its name from Ferdinando Magalhaens a Portuguese who in 1520. in the name of the King of Spain discovered it His Ship came home but he was slain in the East-Indies and this was the first Ship that ever Sailed round the Globe of the Earth which has since been done by Sir Francis Drake Cavendish and several others Magellanica is little known and less inhabited by any of the European Nations for the present Magi the Philosophers and Priests of the ancient Persians famous for their application to the knowledge of the Stars and their introduction of a natural Theology from thence upon the belief of one Supreme Divinity Their esteem in Persia was so great that when K. Cambyses went in Person to the War in Egypt he left the Government of his Estates in his absence to one of these Magi called Patizithes who after the sudden death of Cambyses established by a cheat Smerdis another Magus Brother to Patizithes upon the Throne of the Empire in the room of Smerdis Brother to Cambyses Magiar Hungary Magna-vacca Caprusia one of the Mouths of the River Po which separating from the Branch called di Volana at Ferrara falls into the Adriatick Sea at Comachio between Po di Primaro to the South and Po di Volana to the North. Magnesia in Lydia see Manissa In Caria see Mangresia § Also an ancient Province of Macedonia and a Promontory now otherwise called Capo Verlichi and Capo di San Georgio Magog Persia Magonza Moguntia See Mentz Magra Cinyphus Macres a River of Africa Magra Macra a River in Italy which was heretofore the boundary of Liguria to the South It ariseth in the Apennine Hills in the limits of the Dukedom of Parma and running Southward by Pontremoli being augmented with the Verra Vla and some other it watereth a Valley called by its own name and passing through the States of Genoua a little above Serezana falls into the Ligurian Sea sixty five Miles East of Genoua thirty five North-West of Lucca Lucan mentions this River in his Second Book Magarah Pharos a small but celebrated Island near Alexandria in Egypt Maguelone Magalone an ancient Roman City in the Lower Languedoc seated in a small Island in the Marshes so called on the Mediterranean Sea taken by the Saracens at their Entrance into France by Aquitain after their Conquest of Spain in 730 retaken and destroyed by Charles Martel about 735. or 736. for fear it should fall into the hands of the Saracens again And it lay in its Ruins till 1075. when its Bishop took some care to revive it but to small purpose The Bishops See being removed in 1536. to Montpelier this Town is almost totally desolate It had formerly Counts of its own to be its Governours But in 1215. P. Innocent III. invested the temporalities in the Church because Raymond VI. Earl of Tholouse then Earl of Maguelone espoused the cause of the Albigenses Mahara Nilus Maholech Delta the Lower part of Egypt enclosed by the Branches of the Nile Mahamora a Fortress upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Fez upon the River Suba on the Coast of the Atlantick Ocean in the Province of Fez but on the Confines of that of Asgar In Long. 10. 00. Lat. 33. 10. It has a good Harbor of great Reception and has been in the hands of the Portuguese ever since 1614. Mahometa or Machometa Adrumetum a City on the Coast of Africa mentioned by Pliny Mela and Ptolemy Heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Carthage now a strong Town on the Mediterranean in the Kingdom of Tunis seated upon the next Bay to that of Tunis to the East which is called the Gulph of Mahometa This place is also called
ten thousand of them in 1663. Muers Murocincta a Town in the Lower Germany mentioned by Ammianus Marcellinus now called Moers by the Germans and Muers by the French the Capital of an Earldom and a County of the same name between the Dukedom of Cleves and the Bishoprick of Cologn under the Dominion of the Prince of Orange It lies in the middle between the VVesel to the North and Neuss or Nuys to the South nine Miles from Cologn to the North. Muiaco Muiacum a Kingdom of great extent in the Higher Aethiopia Muiacheu a great City in the Province of Suchuen in China Mulbach Miliare a River of Transylvania Muldaw Mulda a River of Bohemia called by the Inhabitants Multava It ariseth in the Borders of Bavaria five German Miles from Passaw and flowing North watereth Budweiss a City of Bohemia then taking in the Sazawa and the Miza it passeth through Prague the Capital of that Kingdom and three Miles lower falls into the Elbe Mulgrave an ancient Castle in the North Riding of Yorkshire near the Sea and not far from Whitby first built by Peter de Mauley in the time of Rich. I. and continued in the line of its Founder for seven Generations Afterwards through other Families it came to the Sheffields Edmund Lord Sheffield of Butterwick Lord President of the North being created Earl of Mulgrave by K. Charles I. in 1625. whose Great Grandson by Edmund Earl of Mulgrave is the R. Hon. John Sheffield the present Earl of Mulgrave Mulhausen Mulnhausen Mulhusia a City of Germany in Thuringia at the foot of a Mountain upon the River Vnstrutt seven German Miles from Erford to the West and four from Eysenach to the North. It is a fine City under the Protection of the Elector of Saxony being otherwise Free and Imperial Mulhausen Arialbinum Atalbinum Mulhasia a City in the Upper Alsatia called by the French Milause seated upon the River Hellel Once an Imperial and Free City but in 1515. leagued with the Swiss and united to Suntgow It stands three Leagues from Ferrette to the North and Basil to the South-West but heretofore belonged to Alsatia Mulheim Limiris a Town in Saxony in Germany Mullon Nauilubio a River of the Asturia's in Spain which separates Galicia from the Asturia's and then falls into the Bay of Biscay Multan Multanum a City of the Hither East-Indies upon the River Indus in the middle between Lahor to the East and Candahar to the West under the Mogul Once great and well peopled but now declining yet it is the Capital of a Province of the same name Long. 104. 55. Lat. 31. 05. Multaw the same with Muldaw Mulvia a River of Africa which springeth from Mount Atlas and separates the Kingdom of Fez and Telesin then falls into the Mediterranean Sea Munch the Carpathian Mountains Munchen Monachum Monachium Campodunum the capital City of Bavaria in Germany called by the French Munich by the Italians Monaco and of old Isinisca It stands upon the River Isere here covered with a Bridge and has a magnificent Palace belonging to the Elector of Bavaria which in 1675. suffered something by Fire five German Miles from Frisingen to the South fifteen from Ratisbon towards Inspruch and eight from Ausburg to the East First walled by Otho Duke of Bavaria about the year 1156. Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden took it in 1632. and being advised to ruine the Ducal Palace said he should be sorry to deprive the World of so admirable a Piece Munda an ancient Town in the Kingdom of Granada in Spain which Mariana admits to be the same with the modern Ronda la Vieja It was at this Town that Julius Caesar put a period to the Civil Wars betwixt Pompey and him by a Victory obtained over the Sons of Pompey in the year of Rome 709. Munfia Apollinis Vrbs magna an ancient City in Egypt upon the West side of the Nile one hundred and sixty English Miles South of Grand Cairo now in a good condition Munghoa a City in the Province of Yunnan in China Munia Lycopolis a City on the Western Shoar of the Nile one hundred and five English Miles South of Grand Cairo now in a flourishing State Munick the same with Munchen The Muzamudims a Tribe of the ancient Bereberes in Africa See Bereberes Munster Mimingroda Monasterium a City of Westphalia in Germany called by the French Mounstre The Capital of Westphalia a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cologne founded by Charlemaigne and a great rich populous City It stands upon the River Aa seven German Miles from Osnaburg to the South twenty two from Bremen towards Cologne from which it stands eighteen and twelve from Paderborne to the West It has a strong Castle and was once an Imperial and Free City but since exempted Particularly remarkable for the great Calamities it sustained in 1533. when seised by the Anabaptists who set up here John of Leiden for their King perpetrating horrid Villanies under the pretence of Enthusiastick Zeal and could not be suppressed till this City had endured a years close Siege No less famous for a general Peace here treated in 1648. In 1661. it was taken by Bernard its Bishop a man wholly addicted to War and Bloodshed after a long Siege ever since it has been subject to the Bishops of this Diocese The Bishoprick of Munster called by the Germans das Bisthum buon Munster is a Province in the Circle of Westphalia in the German Empire which has its name from its Capital Bounded on the West with Overyssel on the North with the Earldoms Embden and Oldenburgh on the South with the Dukedom of Westphalia and the County of Marck on the East by the Bishoprick of Osnaburgh and the Counties of Diepholt and Ravensperg Almost an hundred Miles in length from North to South but not of equal breadth and divided into thirteen Bailiwicks The principal Cities are Munster Meppen Vecht and Varendorp It is extremely full of Woods and Marshes fitter for the production of Cattle than Habitation of Men. Munster Monasterium is a small City in the Valley of S. George in the Vpper Alsatia upon the River Fach at the foot of Mount Vauge five Leagues from Brisach to the West called im Gregorienthall to distinguish it from the other Cities of the same name It was an Imperial Free City but now exempted and subject to the Crown of France Munster Eyffel a Town in the Dukedom of Juliers upon the River Erst in the Territory of Eyffel in the Borders of the Bishoprick of Cologne six German Miles from that City to the South and seven from Aquisgran to the North-East under the Duke of Newburgh Munster Meinfeld a Town in the Bishoprick of Trier or Treves upon the Moselle three German Miles from Coblentz to the North-West under the Archbishop of Trier Munsterberg Munsterberga a City of Silesia heretofore subject to its own Duke with the Territory belonging to it This City stands upon the River Olaw seven German Miles
Ovembromma in the Province of Ago which casts up the Waters very high the Well being twelve days Journey from Gouthar the Capital of Aethiopia These Waters running Northwards pass by seven Cataracts before they enter into Egypt and he saith there are no Mountains near its Head by three weeks journey If the River doth not rise sixteen foot a Famine follows for want of Water if it swells to twenty four there is a Dearth because the Seed time is lost The Abyssines entitle the Nile the Father of Rivers Nimmeghen Noviomagum a City of the Low Countries mentioned by Antoninus in his Itinerary called now by the Inhabitants Nimeguen by the French Nimegue by the Spaniards Nimega It is the Capital of the Dukedom of Guelderland under the Vnited Provinces seated upon the Wael between the Rhine and the Maez two Leagues from Arnheim to the South six from Vtrecht to the East three from Cleves to the West and twenty from Cologn to the same Anciently a Free Imperial City but afterwards exempt and subject to the Dukes of Guelderland being Mortgaged to one of them by William Earl of Holland who was then chosen Emperor of Germany About the Year 1585 this City was much inclined to the Interest of the Roman Catholick Religion In the Year 1589 the Hollanders endeavoured without any good success to reduce it when Skenkius their General was drowned in the Wael In the Year 1591 Prince Maurice took it after a sharp Siege In the Year 1672 it was taken by the French the only Town in all those Provinces which fought for its Liberty the year after the French deserted it In 1678 there was a Peace agreed here between the French and the Spaniards In the Year 1679 between the Germans and the French This City is said to have been first built by the Catti and the Castle by Julian the Apostate whilst he was in France Charles the Great built here a Noble Palace which together with this City was burnt by the Normans The Germans prevailing against the Normans rebuilt the City and gave it many Privileges several of the Emperors residing in it till at last it was mortgaged to Otho Duke of Guelderland and became the Capital of that Dukedom Ningive Ningiva a City in the Province of Leotunin in China Baudrand Ningque Ningqua a City in the Province of Nankin in China Ninive Ninus an ancient and most celebrated City of Assyria mentioned in the Sacred and Profane Stories Built by Ashur the second Son of Shem according to Josephus and the vulgar translation of Gen. 10. 11. But Bochartus transposes that verse and endeavours to prove that Nimrod was its Founder going forth out of the Land of Ashur Others say Ninus built or at least augmented it and gave it his own name Diodorus Siculus has left us a stately description of it In the time of Jonas we read it was an exceeding great City of three days journey Jon. 2. 3. that is in St. Jerom's construction in circuit The Prophets foretold its destruction which accordingly happened under Merodach and Nebuchadonosar Kings of Assyria It lies now in Ruins Out of it is sprung a new City called Mosul built on the other side of the Tigris which is under the Turks an hundred Miles from Bagat to the North. Ninove Niniva a small City in Flanders in the County of Alost not above two Leagues from Alost to the South in the middle between Brussels to the East and Oudenarde to the West Niort Noverogus a Town in Poictou thirteen Leagues from Rochelle to the North-East Niphates the ancient name of that part of the Mountain Taurus which runs betwixt Armenia and Mesopotamia Now called Curdo It gives source to a River of the same name passing through the same Countries to fall in the Tigris Niphonia or Niphon a great Island belonging to Japan the principal Province of that Empire in which are Jedo and Meaco the Royal Cities where the King resides It is divided into five Territories or Provinces Jamaisoit Jetsegen Jesten Ochio and Quanto being about sixty Leagues in Circuit Nisa Nyssa a City of Lydia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishops See Long. 59. 10. Lat. 40. 50. Nisibin Nisibis the principal City of Mesopotamia of great Antiquity mentioned by Pliny and Strabo It is now an Archbishops See and the Capital of Diarbeck under the Turks It stands upon the River Zaba which falls into the Tigris under Mount Taurus thirty five Miles from the Tigris to the West fifty from Amida to the South and seventy five from Taurus to the South-West In 1338. Sapores King of Persia besieg'd it in vain Nisi Coron a City in the Morea Nisi Nysa a City of Armenia the Lesser and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Caesarea from which it stands sixty Miles to the East Long. 66. 30. Lat. 40. 20. Nisi Enisis a small River on the East of Sicily which falls into the Sea between Messina to the North and Cap di S. Alescio to the South by the Town of Scaletta Nisita Nesis an Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea upon the Coast of the Terra di Lavoro in Italy three Miles from Pozzuoli Nismes Nimes Nemausium Volcarum Arecomicorum Nemausus a City of France in the Lower Languedoc which was a Roman Colony of great Antiquity now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Narbone in which there is an Amphitheatre very perfect and many other Roman Antiquities it is now in a flourishing State in the middle between Avignon to the East and Montpellier to the West seven Leagues from either This City was in the late Civil Wars one of the Bulwarks of the Huguenots hath had its Counts and Viscounts and in ancient times some Synods have been assembled at it Long 25. 05. Lat. 43. 6. Nisau Nissa Nisi Naisum one of the principal Cities of Servia seated upon a River of the same Name which falls into the Morava fifteen German Miles from Scopia to the North and twelve from Giustandil to the West and forty two from Thessalonica to the North-West On September 24. 1689 the Imperialists defeated entirely an Army of forty thousand Turks near this place and the next day took possession of it without any Opposition Again September 1690 the Turks recovered it from the Imperialists after a three weeks Attack Nitheâ—dale Nithia a County in the South of Scotland near the Borders of England which has Cluydesdale on the North Anandale on the East Solway Fyrth on the South and Galloway on the West The River Nyth which denominates it runs through it It s Capital Town is Dunfreis Nitracht or Neytracht Nitria a City of the Vpper Hungary which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gran and stands upon a small River of the same Name Ten German Miles from Presburgh to the East the same distance from Gran to the North and five from Newhausel to the same It is the Capital of a small County of the same Name and in
or Wedge containing in length from North to South about forty Miles in breadth where it is the broadest thirty in the whole four hundred and sixty Parishes and only six Market Towns The Air is cold and sharp the Soil barren and rugged but much improved by the Industry of its Inhabitants and chiefly towards the Sea fertile The Bowels of the Earth are full of Coal Mines whence a great part of England â—s supplied with that Fewel The principal Places in â—â— are Newcastle and Berwick George Fitz-Roy a Natural Son of Charles II. was created Duke of Northumberland in 1674. Which Title had been once before enjoyed by John Dudley Earl of Warwick created Duke of Northumberland by K. Edward VI. in 1551. and beheaded by Q. Mary After the death of the said John the Title of Earl of Northumberland returned to the Percies in whose Family as it had heretofore belong'd to them from the Year 1337 when Henry Piercy Lord Constable possessed it under K. Richard II. and was succeeded in it by five of his Name and Family with little interruption so it continued till the Year 1670 when Joceline Piercy died at Turin without Issue Male. North-Curry a Market Town in Somersetshire upon the River Tone and the Capital of its Hundred Northwich a Market Town in Cheshire upon the River Dane which runs into the Weeve the Capital of its Hundred Its Salt-pits render it remarkable Norway Norvegia Nerigon Basilia is a Kingdom of great extent on the North-Western Shoar of Europe called by the Inhabitants Norricke and by Contraction Norke by the Germans Norwegen Heretofore esteemed the Western part of Scandinavia and called Nerigon as Cluverius saith it reaches from the Entrance of the Baltick Sea to almost the North Cape but not of equal breadth On the East a long Ridge of Mountains always covered with Snow called Sevones separate it from Sweden Barren and Rocky or overgrown with vast and unpassable Woods It s length is about one thousand and three hundred English Miles and two hundred and fifty its breadth Divided into five Provinces Aggerhus Bergensus Dronthemhus VVardhus and Bahus The Inhabitants traffick abroad with Dryed Fish Whales Grease and Timber Of the same Religion with the Danes and some of them enclined to Magick like the Laplanders The Glama is the only River in this Kingdom that is sufficient to carry Vessels of great burden In 1646. a discovery was made of a golden Mine near Opslow which was quickly exhausted Bahus was resigned to the King of Sweden in 1658. There depend upon this Kingdom several Islands as Iseland Groenland Spitzberg the Isles of Feroe and those of Orkney the latter whereof were resigned to James VI. of Scotland The principal Cities are Drontheim and Berghen This had Kings of its own from very ancient times but in 1326. it was first united to Denmark in the Person of Magnus III. In 1376. they became so united that they were never since separated Norwich Nordovicum Norvicum is a rich populous neat City in the middle of the County of Norfolk seated at the confluence of the Venster or Vensder and the Yare over which it hath several Bridges This City sprung up out of the Ruins of Venta Icenorum now called Caster in which not many years since was found a vast number of Roman Urns. When or by whom Norwich was built is not known it seems to be a Saxon City it was certainly the Seat of some of the Kings of the East-Angles In its Infancy Sueno a Dane burnt it in 1004. In the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror it was besieged and taken by Famine Herbert Bishop of this Diocese contributed to its growth by removing the Bishops Chair from Thetford hither about 1096. In the seventeenth year of King Stephen's Reign it was refounded and made a Corporation The Castle is thought to have been built in the Reign of Henry II. Taken by the French in the Reign of King John In the Reign of Edward I. it was walled by the Citizens Henry IV. in 1403. granted them a Mayor Afterwards it began to decay till Queen Elizabeth sent the Dutch Stuff Weavers who sled over into England from the cruel Government of the Duke d'Alva hither whereupon it grew very populous and rich There was great need of this supply one Kett a Tanner of VVindham having almost ruined this City about 1548. in the Reign of Edward VI. The present Bishop of Norwich is the seventy first from Bedwinus of Elmham the seventy fifth from Foelix the first Bishop of the East-Angles who began the Bishoprick in 636. Long. 24. 55. Lat. 52. 40. This City being about a Mile and a half in length and half as much in breadth contains twenty Parishes well walled with several Turrets and twelve Gates for Entrance and so pleasantly intermixt with Houses and Trees that it looks like an Orchard and a City within each other It gives the Title of Earl to the Duke of Norfolk whose Palace with that of the Bishop the Cathedral the Hospital c. are the principal Ornaments of its Buildings Noto Netum Nea Nectum Neetum a City of Sicily of great Antiquity and at this time great well inhabited the Capital of the Province called by its name It is incompassed with high Rocks and sleep Valleys being seated on the South side of Iseland Eight Miles from the Sea fifteen from Pachy no to the South-West and twenty five from Syracuse to the South Il Val di Noto Netina Vallis the Province in which the last mentioned City stands is the second Province of Sicily and lies on the South side of the Island On the North it has Il Valle di Demona on the West il Val di Mazara and on the South the African Sea Notteberg Notteburgum a Town in Ingria in Sweden seated on an Island in the Lake Ladoga towards the Confines of Moscovy Called Oreska by the Russ A very strong Town by its Situation yet Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden took it from the Moscovites in 1614. It takes its name from Nutts Nottinghamshire Nottinghamia is bounded on the North and West by Yorkshire on the East by Lincolnshire divided from it by the Trent on the South by Leicestershire on the West by Darbyshire It is in length thirty eight English Miles from North to South in breadth from East to West not above nineteen and in Circuit about an hundred and ten containing 168 Parishes and nine Market Towns The Air is good and pleasing the Soil rich Sand and Clay so that for Corn or Grass it may compare with any County of England it abounds equally with Wood and Coals and is watered with the Rivers Trent and Iddle besides several small Streams This County takes its name from its principal Town Nottingham Rhage a delicate pleasant Town seated on a high Hill full of fine Streets and good Buildings upon the River Line towards the South Borders of this County and about a Mile from the Trent to the West
Over the Trent and the Line it has two Bridges besides two others over two Ponds called the Cheney Bridges It has three Churches and a strong and goodly Castle built on a steep Rock on the West side of the Town In the Reign of Burthred King of the Mercians and Aethelred King of the VVest-Saxons the Danes having got the Possession of this Castle kept it against three Kings united against them and forced them to a Peace After this Edward the Elder walled the Town the South part of which was standing in Mr. Cambden's time The Castle which is now standing was rebuilt by VVilliam the Conqueror to curb the English Edward IV. repaired it In 1â—75 it was besieged by Henry II. but could not be taken In the Barons Wars it was surprised by Robert de Ferrariis an Earl otherwise it was never taken by force as the same Author observes Long. 22. 14. Lat. 53. 00. Charles Lord Howard descended from the House of Norfolk by the Mowbrays Earls of this County from 1377. to 1475. was in 1597. created Earl of Nottingham This Family ending in Charles Lord Howard the third in that Line the Honor was conferred May 12. 1681. upon Heneage Lord Finch Baron of Daventry then Lord Chancellor of England and it is now enjoyed by Daniel Son of the said Heneage Nova Antequera a City of New Spain in America in the Province of Oaxaca eighty Spanish Leagues from Mexico to the East seventeen from the North Sea to the South and seventeen from Vera Cruz. It is little and not much inhabited though a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico ever since 1535. Nova Guinea a large Country in the Western part of the Pacifick Ocean which is a part of the Terra Australis on the East of the Molucco Islands First discovered by Andrew Ardaneta a Spaniard in 1528. and then thought to be an Island but since to be a part of the South Continent Novara Novaria a City of Italy which in Pliny's time was the Capital of Insubria It is now a part of the Duchy of Milan and a Bishop's See under that Archbishop the Head of a small Territory called by its name Very strong and can shew many ancient Roman Inscriptions as Testimonies of its Antiquity It stands twenty five Miles from Milan to the West and ten from Turin in a well-watered and fruitful Soil and upon an Eminence well fortified Near this Lewis Sforza Duke of Milan was taken by the French in 1500. But twelve years after the Swiss gave the French a great Overthrow in this Place to abate their joy for their former Success Peter Lombard the Master of the Sentences and sometime Bishop of Paris was a Native of this City and Pope Innocent XI Bishop of it when he was chosen Novellara a fine Town in the Lower Lombardy between the Territories of the Dukes of Mantoua and Modena subject to a Count of its own who is of the Family of Gonzaga ten Miles from Regio towards the North. It has a Castle called Bagnuollo Novibazar Novus Mercatus one of the principal Cities of Servia upon the River Orasâ—a fifty Miles from Nissa to the West Novigrad Novigradum Argyrutum a Town in Dalmatia which has a Castle seated upon a Bay of the same name twenty Miles from Zara to the East and twenty five from Sebenico to the North. It belonged to the Venetians but was taken by the Turks in 1646. Novigrad a small City in the Vpper Hungary which gives name to a County one German Mile from the Danube five from Gran to the North-East and four from Vaccia It has a Castle which is seated on a Rock and a Dike thirty four foot deep cut in the same Rock which makes it almost inaccessible yet the Turks took this strong Place in 1663. Novogorod Velki Novogardia Magna a City of Moscovy called by the Germans Neugarten which is very great and an Archbishops See the Capital of a Principality of the same name seated in a spacious Plain upon the River Wolkow where it issueth from the Lake of Ilmen an hundred and five German Miles from Mosco to the North-West forty six from Pleskow to the East and forty from Narva to the South East Long. 50. 00. Lat. 58. 23. The River Wolchou or Woldga saith Olearius falls by Notteburgh and the Gulph of Finland into the Baltick Sea this River is the chief cause of the Wealth and Greatness of the City being Navigable from its Fountains almost to the Baltick which has made this City the chief for Trade in all the North. Vithold Great Duke of Lithuania was the first who in 1427. obliged this City to pay a vast Tribute John Basilowitz Grotsden Duke of Muscovy overthrew an Army raised by this City in 1477. Thereupon he made himself Master of it and carried thence to Mosco three hundred Wagons loaden with Gold Silver and rich Goods John Basilowitz another of their Princes in 1569. slew two thousand seven hundred and seventy of its Inhabitants and cast them into the River upon a bare groundless suspicion besides a vast number trodden to death by a Party of Horse This City was taken by the Swedes in 1611. and restored to the Russ in 1634. It hath formerly been so puissant that it passed for a common Proverb Who is there that can oppose himself to God and the great City of Novogrod They reckon about seventy Monasteries in it It s largeness has been set in the parallel with that of Rome but its Walls are of Wood and the Buildings mean Novogorod Nisi that is the Lower is a vast City of Moscovy seated upon the Wolga where it takes in the Occa an hundred German Miles from Mosco to the North-East and forty from Wologda to the South-East Novogrod Novogroda sirnamed Litawiski is a City of Lithuania under the Crown of Poland the Capital of a Palatinate of the same name in which the Diet of Lithuania ought by turns with Minsko to be holden It stands scarce four Polish Miles from the River Niemen or Memel and twenty from Vilna to the South Novogrodeck Seviersky a strong City of Russia which has been attributed to Lithuania when under the Poles but now it is under the Russ again It stands upon the River Dezna seventeen Polish Miles from Czernichou to the North-East forty six from Kiovia to the same and the same distance from Smolensko to the South This is also the Capital of a Palatinate Noyon Novomagâ—s Noviodunum a City in the Isle of France near the Borders of Picardy of which it was a part upon the River Vorse which two Miles lower falls into the Oise eight Leagues from Soisons to the South-West fifteen from Amiens six from Reims to the West and twenty two from Paris to the North. It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Reims the Bishop of it is one of the three Earls and a Peer of France the Diocese which belongs to it is called Le Noyonois â—â—bia a
great Tract in the Eastern part of Africa and the River Nile incompassed on the North and Weâ—â— with Mountains by which it is separated from Egypt to the North Guoga Borno Zanfara and Biafara to the West on the East it has the Niâ—e which parts it from Barnagasso and on the South Abassinia or Aethiopia It lies three hundred French Leagues in length and not much less in breadâ—â— the Capital of it is Dancala the other Cities Câ—â—a Guala Jalac and Sula This was the Country of the ancient Nubae or Nubaei and Numides It is rich and fertile enough towards the Nile Nuis or Neus Novesium a Town in the Archbishoprick of Cologne upon the Rhine in Germany where that River receives the Eâ—pt adorned with a Colâ—â—Sapnâ—â—rch It is ancient strong and memorable 〈…〉 resistance it made against Charles the Hâ—â—â—â— Duke of Burgundy who besieged it a whole year The Emperour Frederick III. granted it great Privileges It was often taken and retaken in the last German Wars Nuis or Nuits a small Town in the Dukedom of Burgundy upon the River Armanson betwixt Mombard and Tonnere Some are of opinion that it was the Work of the ancient Nuithones a people of Germany Tland van Pieter Nuitz The Land of Peter Nuitz is a part of New Holland in the North America discovered by a Dutch-man of the Name in 1625. Numantia an ancient and celebrated City of Spain It sustained a Siege against an Army of forty thousand Romans for fourteen years together and by its Courage and Conduct did reduce Aemilius Lepidus and C. Hostilius Mancinus the two Roman Consuls in the year of Rome 617. to such a dishonourable Treaty that the latter was ordered by the Senate to be delivered to the Enemy by a Herald at Arms naked with his hands tied in indignation at the Conditions of Peace passed by him But Numantia refused to take him Scipio Africanus afterwards undertaking the Siege made himself Master of the place in fifteen Months and the Inhabitants in despair burnt whatever was most dear to them even their Wives and Children and cast themselves naked upon the Swords of the Conquerours Numidia the Country in the ancient division of Africa which is now called Biledulgerid There was also a Numidia propria This latter had the honour to be a Kingdom famous in the Persons of Masanissa who aâ—â—isted the Romans in the last Punick War and of his Grandson Jugurtha taken Prisoner and carried to Rome after a long War he had maintained against the Romans Nura Nicia a River in the Dukedoms of Parma and Placentia Nuruberg Nuremberg Norimberga Nurimberga Noricorummons a great Imperial Free City in Germany in Franconia upon the Confluence of the Regen and Pegen two German Rivers seated at the foot of an Hill of the Hyrcinian Forest and fortified with a Castle and an Arsenal Frederick I. made the Capital of Nortgow It has belonging to it a Tract which lies between the Marquisate of Holach to the West Culenbach to the North the Vpper Palatinate to the East and the Bishoprick of Aichstad to the South This City was the Birth-place of Wenceslaus the Emperour and now in a flourishing condition It stands nine Miles from Bamberg to the South fourteen from Ratisbon thirteen from Wurtsberg and nineteen from Amburg to the North. It bought its liberty of its Princes and has carefully preserved it ever since 1027. The Emperour Henry V. ruined it but Conradus III. Henry VI. and Charles VI. re-established and augmented it In 1427. it bought the Castle of the Burgrave which is since imployed as a Granary It borrowed its form of Government which is Aristocratic from Venice In 1506. it imbraced Luther's Doctrine in his time but tolerated the Calvinists In 1649. here was a general Peace concluded amongst the Princes of Germany Nusco Nuscum an Episcopal City in the Further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples The See is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Salerno Nyd a River in Yorkshire falling into the Ouse upon which Ripley and Knaresborough are situated Nyth a River of Scotland which flows through Nithisdale or Nythesdale Nyenburg Novoburgum a small City in Westphalia in the County of Hoyen upon the River Weser four German Miles above Perden to the South and eight from Zell to the West Nylandt Nylandia a Province of Finland upon the Bay of Finland between Carelia to the East Tavastbia to the North and Finland properly so called to the West over against Livonia from which it is separated by the Bay There are but three Towns of Note in it Borgo Helsingfors and Raseborg Nyms Nemesa a small River in the Bishoprick of Trier which watereth Scheineck and Bitberg then ends in the Saur Nyne Aufona a River which watering the Town and County of Northampton and Wisbich falls into the German Ocean between Norfolk and Lincolnshire O A. OAkre Obacer a River in the Lower Saxony and Lunenburg called Ovacra in the middle times Oanus See Frascolari § Stephanus makes mention of an ancient City Oanus in Lydia in Asia the Less But we have no account thereof at this day Oasis The name of two ancient Solitary Recesses in the Desarts of Barca in Lybia in Africa whither Eugenius and Macarius both of them Holy Priests of Antioch were banished by the Emperour Julian the Apostate and S. Hilarion retired to avoid the fury of the Emissaries of the same Prince The famous Nestorius died in his Banishment there also Oaxes and Oaxus a River of the Island of Candia now called Armiro Virgil epithets it rapidum veniemus Oaxem Other Ancients speak of a City or Town there of the same name Obb. See Oby Obdora a Province in the North of Moscovy on the Frozen Sea between the River Oby to the East and Petzora to the West There is never a City or Town of Note in it The Dutch who have lately discovered its Sea Coasts have presumed to call it Niew West Frieslandt but they have not settled any Colonies here and probably never will Obeck Gir a River of Lybia in Africa Obengir Ochus a River of Persia which watereth the Provinces of Balach and Tocharestan the Cities of Balach Varvalin Talecan Badhascian Ariander and then falls into the Gehun or Oxus above Bichende bringing with it the Balcan This River is the North-Eastern Boundary of Persia towards Tartary Ober Baden Thermae Superiores See Baden Ober-Wesel Ficelia Vosavia a City in Germany upon the Rhine once an Imperial Free City but in 1312. it fell into the hands of the Elector of Trier it lies between Baccharach to the South and Boppart to the North. S. Werner was here slain by the Jews in 1287. in the time of Lent Mammaea the Mother of Alexander the Roman Emperour was also assassinated in this place as the Inhabitants report Obiâ— Raptum a River of that part of Aethiopia next Egypt which flowing Eastward toward Quilmancy watereth the City of Quiloa in Zanguebar then falls into the Aethiopian Ocean Obtricht Obâ—rick
Pont near Belsey in the County of Northumberland giving the Title of Earl to the Duke of Newcastle and its name to the VVard it stands in It did formerly belong to the Barons Ogle Oglio Ollio Ollius a River in the States of Venice in Italy it springeth from the Mountains above Edulum in the Borders of Switzerland in the Valteline and flowing through Brescia or Brexa into the Lake de Iseo it leaves it at Calepio a little lower separating the Territory of Brescia from that of Cremona or the State of Venice from the Dukedom of Milan and watering part of the Dukedom of Mantoua it falls into the Po at Burgoforte Oie a County in Picardy It is extended from Calais as far as to Graveling and Dunkirk and hath a Town in it of the same name The Spaniards during the Civil Wars of the League possessed themselves of this County till by the Treaty of Vervin in 1598. it was surrendred again to the Crown of France The English heretosore held it above two Ages § There is a small Island Oie near that of Rè upon the Coast of Saintonge in Aquitain L'Oise Osesia Isauria Oesia Aesia a River of France which ariseth in Picardy in the Confines of Hainault and Champagne and washing Guise Lafere and Noyon at Compeigne it takes in the Aysne a bigger River than it self so by Pont S. Maxiente Beaumont and Pont Oyse falls into the Seyne six Miles below Paris towards Roan Okeham or Oakham the Capital Town of the County of Rutland seated in the rich and pleasant Vale of Catmoss and said to derive its name from the plenty of Oaks growing in its neighbourhood It has a Castle where the Assises are kept a Frecschool and a Hospital And by an ancient Privilege belonging to its Royalty a Nobleman entering on horseback within its Precincts pays the homage of a Shooe from his Horse Therefore upon the door of the Shire-Hall there are many Horse-shooes nailed and over the Judges Seat in the same one curiously wrought five foot and a half long with a breadth proportionable But this Homage or Forfeiture may be commuted for money Okehampton a Borough and Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Black-Torring It returns two Members of Parliament Old or Ould Olitis a River in Quercy in France Olde or Oude Vlda a River in Bretagne Oldenburg Oldenburgum Brannesia a small City in VVestphalia the Capital of a County of the same name seated upon the River Honta twenty five Miles from Breman to the West and forty from Embden to the East Built by Otho the Great and almost totally ruined by Fire in the year 1676. that very day the Citizens were to have taken the Oath of Allegiance to the King of Denmark The County of Oldemburg is a small County in the Circle of VVestphalia between East-Friesland to the West the Dukedom of Bremen to the East the Bishoprick of Munster to the South and the German Ocean to the North. Very fruitful especially as to Pasture and Cattle the Air is cold and Foggy This for a long time was under Counts of its own who are derived from VVittikindus the last King and first Duke of the Saxons VValepart one of his Nephews in 850. being the Earl of Oldemburg This Line continued with some small variation for twenty three or twenty four Descents and in 1676. failed Since which it has been annexed to the Crown of Denmark that King being descended of the Eldest Branch of the Earls of Oldenburg Oldenborg a Town in Holstein in the Territory of Wageren once a Bishops See but removed long since to Lubeck it stands not above three Miles from the Baltick Sea and thirty from Lubeck to the North. Oldenpo Oldenpoa a Tract in Esthonia in Livonia between Lettonia to the South Esthonia properly so called to the West Alentak to the North and Moscovy to the East under the Swedes the chief Town in it is Tonspat Oldenzeel or Oldensel Odesalia a strong Town in Overyssel in the Vnited Netherlands taken and dismantled by the Hollanders in 1626. Oldeslo Oldensloe Oldesloa a Town in Holstein in Wageren upon the River Trava in the Borders of Lavemburg three German Miles from Lubeck to the West and five from Hamburgh to the South-East The King of Denmark erected here a spacious Fortification in 1688. At which Lubeck was not a little alarm'd Oleron Vliarus an Island on the Coast of Aquitain belonging to the Duchy thereof upon the Shoar of Saintonge against the Mouth of the River Charente two Leagues from the Continent Six from North to South two from East to West strengthened by a very strong Castle on the South Side and universally famous for the Sea-Laws here Published by Richard I. King of England at his Return from the Holy Land in the fifth year of his Reign at which time this Island lay under the Dominion of the Kings of England This is the same Island with the Olarion of Sidonius Apollinaris which he says yields plenty of Rabbets Oleron or Oleron sur le Gave Oloronensis urbis Huro Hurona Elarona Loronensium Civitas a City of Bearn in the South of France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux Destroyed by the Normans in the year 1080. and rebuilt by Centulus one of the Earls of this Province upon a Branch of the Gave thence called Le Gave de Oleron ten Leagues from Tarbes to the West eighteen from Dax to the South and twenty four from Pampelona to the North. It stands upon an Eminence having an old Tower Olika Olica a City in Volhinia a Province of Poland five Miles from Lucko to the South-East which in 1651. sustained a Siege against the Cossacks and preserved it self out of their Hands Olinde Olinda a Maritim City of Brasil in America the Capital of the Province of Pernambuc Taken by the Hollanders in 1629. and fortified but afterwards deserted and returned under the Crown of Portugal This City stands upon a Hill near the Mouth of the River Bibiribe has a Castle called S. George and a large Haven In 1676. it was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvadore Olivenza Evandria Oliventia a strong City of Portugal upon the River Guadiana three Leagues from Elvas to the South-West and twelve from Evora to the East Taken by the Spaniards in 1658. and restored to the Portuguese by the Treaty of Peace at Lisbon in 1688. Olivero Oliverio Helicon a River on the North of Sicily The Mount of Olives Mons Olivetus a Mount in the Vicinage to the East of the City Jerusalem in Palestine which hath the Valley of Jehosaphat lying betwixt Jerusalem and it and the Brook Kedron gliding at its Foot About two thousand Paces in length from North to South and six hundred in heighth affording a delightful Prospect not only over Jerusalem but towards the Mountains of Arabia towards Jordain and the Dead Sea Hebron and Samaria It breaks into three Points or little Hills whereof the
in 1674 but by the Treaty of Nimeguen restored to them in 1679. Some derive its beginning from a Fortress built by the Hunns upon the Schelde in 411. Oudon Olda a River in France in the Province of Anjou Another in Aquitain called le Lot more commonly and a third in Beaujolois Over-Yssel Over-Issel Trans-Issalana a Province of great extent in the United Netherlands towards Germany which was a part of the Bishoprick of Vtrecht from the year 1046 and called so because it lay beyond the Issel It is divided into three parts the Drente the Sallant and the Twente Bounded on the East by the Bishoprick of Munster on the North by Friesland and Groningen on the West and South by the Zuyder Sea and Guelderland It was granted from the Bishoprick to Charles V. in 1527. In 1582. it revolted from Spain and united with the Hollanders In 1672. it was over-run by the French who were forced two years after to draw off so it returned to its former liberty The principal Places are Deventer Campen Zwol and Coevorden Ovessant Vxantis Insula an Island on the West of Britany in France Oviedo Ovedum Ovetum a City in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain the Capital of a Territory called les Asturies d'Oviedo and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Compostella between the Nora and the Nalona Once the Capital of a Kingdom begun in the Person of Pelagius in 717. and continued in his Successors till the year 913 when Ordenno II. took the style of King of Leon. This City stands five Spanish Leagues from the Shoars of the Ocean to the South eighteen from Asturia and sixteen from Leon betwixt the Mountains There was a small University opened here in 1580 which never much improved In 901. a Council was assembled at this City under Pope John VIII which advanced the See to the Dignity of an Archbishoprick But it has lost again that Dignity since Oulney a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Newport upon the River Ouse Oundle a Market Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Polbrooke pleasantly seated on the Banks of the Nen over which it has two Bridges It is beautified with a fair Church a Free-School and an Almshouse L'Ourt or Ourte Vrta a River of the Low Countries springing near the Frontiers of the Dukedom of Luxembourg and passing by Offalize Rochefort Durbui it receives the Albe with the change of its name into Vrt Ourt and falls into the Maese at Liege Ourtes or Orthez Ortesium a Town in the Canton of Bearn in Switzerland upon the Gave de Pau betwixt Pau and Bayonne Remarkable for an antient Castle and a Protestant School Ousche or L'Ouche Oscaris a River of the Dukedom of Bourgogne in France passing by Fleuri and Dijon and after the Reception of some Rivulets joyning with the Saosne near S. Jean de Lone Ouse Isis a River in Glocestersh which ariseth in the South Border of that Shire near Toorleton at Crekelade it takes in the Churne at Lechlade the Colne and beneath it the Leche This is properly the Head of the Thames tho it has not that Name till its conjunction with the Thame in Oxfordshire Ouse Garryenus a River called Vre and Youre which parteth the West from the North-Riding of Yorkshire watereth the City of York and then falls into the Wherfe at Cawood Castle Ouse the Great ariseth in the County of Hertford in a place called Dane End above Lutton and running North-West entereth Bedfordshire and watereth the principal Town of it from thence it passeth to Huntington by Ely above which joyning with the River Granta from Cambridge and beneath Little Port taking in the Little Ouse which ariseth at Loppham Ford in the County of Suffolk and dividing Suffolk from Norfolk passeth by Thetford into the Great Ouse by Downham and Kings Linn falls into the German Ocean This is one of the greatest Rivers of England Ourque a Town in Portugal made famous by a Victory obtained by Alfonso against five Kings of the Moors in 1256. Ouste or L'Aust Ousta Austa a River in Bretagne It takes its source in the Forest of Laudeac near Avangour then passing by Rohan Jocelin Malestroit Pont-Corbin augmented with the Ars and the Claye it unites with the Vilaine near Redon Owar Ovaria a Town in the Vpper Hungary upon the River Vag at the foot of the Mountains which part that Country from Poland It stands below Transchin Oxfordshire Oxoniensis Comitatus is bounded on the North by Warwick and Northampton on the East by Buckingham on the South by Barkshire and on the West by Gloucestershire The Air of it is mild sweet and pleasant the Earth fruitful both in Corn and Grass by reason of the great abundance of Rivers and fresh Springs It is of a triangular Form forty Miles from North-West to South-East in length scarce twenty in breadth and in circumference an hundred and thirty containing two hundred and eighty Parishes and fifteen Market Towns Watered by the Thame and Isis the Cherwell the Windrush and the Evenlode The Dobani were the old Inhabitants of it during the times of the Romans It takes its Name from the principal City See the Natural History of this County fully and curiously written by the Learned Doctor Robert Plott Oxford Oxonium Oxfordia Calleva Rhydicina from the Welsh name Rhidychen is seated in the Southern Border of the County of Oxford towards Berkshire having the Cherwel on the East and the Isis or Ouse on the South It is a very fair and substantial City seated in an excellent Air and enjoying so delightful a Prospect that the Country adjacent has thence long ago contracted the Title of Bellositum amongst the Ingenious One of the noblest and ancientest Universities also in the World Begun or rather after the Desolations it had suffered in common with the rest of England under the Saxons and Danes restored by King Alfred a Saxon anno Christi 806 the great Civilizer of the English Nation who sending his Son Ethelward hither encouraged the Young Nobles to come to it from all Parts In the time of William the Conqueror it was a considerable City having then seven hundred seventy and four Houses five hundred of which paid yearly Customs to the King In this Prince's time Robert d' Oily a Norman built the Castle on the West side of the Town In 1074 King Stephen closely besieged Maude the Empress Daughter of Henry I. and Mother of Henry II. in this Castle Stephen Langton Archbishop of Canterbury celebrated a Council here in 1222. There have in process of time by several Princes and Noble Benefactors been founded and liberally endowed here eighteen Colleges and seven Halls of which Vniversity Baliol and Merton Colleges were the first endowed in all Europe of latter times by Sheldon Archbishop of Canterbury a noble Theatre and at the Charge of the University a stately Musaeum was finished in the year 1683. Then the Bodlean Library contending with the Vatican
it self the Publick Schools and Physick Garden are admired by all By the Charter of K. Edward III. the Mayor of the City stands bound to obey the Orders and live in Subjection to the Vicechancellour of the Vniversity which from the time of its Restauration under K. Alfred has been all along accounted one of the four principal Vniversities of Europe the three other being Paris Salamanca and Bologna Henry VIII added in the year 1541. the Honor of a Bishop's See Aubrey de Vere the present Earl of Oxford is the twentieth of his Family which has been honored with this Title ever since the year 1155 or as others say in 1137. It is certain he is the first Earl in England Long. 19. 20. Lat. 52. 01. This City having suffered very much with and for Charles the Martyr after a Siege from May 2. to June 24. 1646 was surrendred to the Parliamentarians Oxirynchus or Oxgrynchus an ancient Town in the Kingdom of Egypt mentioned by Evagrius He says the Inhabitants were almost all Monks or Nuns and that it had then twelve Churches besides the Monasteries Oyse Aesia a River of France which ariseth in Picardy and running Southward by Guise and la Fere takes in there the Serre then entering the Isle of France at Compeigne it takes in the Aysne and between Clermont and Senlis passeth to Pont-Oyse beneath which it falls into the Seyne eight Leagues below Paris Ozaca a great City of the Kingdom of Japan in the Island of Niphonia with a splendid Castle belonging to the King built some few years since The Island is in a very large Bay of the Province of Jetsesena The City stands in the middle of the Island fifty Leagues from Meaco to the North-East Ozsurgheti Ozurietum the Capital City of the Kingdom of Guriel in Georgia where the King of Guriel resides Ozwieczin Ozviecinum a Town in the Lesser Poland in the Palatinate of Cracovia upon the Vistula where it takes in the Sala scarce three Polish Miles from Silesia and about seven from Cracovia to the West It has a Timber Castle seated in a Morass Honored with the Title of a Dukedom In the year 1654 it returned to the Crown of Poland after it had for many years been annexed to Silesia This Town is called by the Germans Ausch-Wits P A. PAchacama a famous fertile and pleasant Valley in the Kingdom of Peru four Leagues from Lima where stood in the times of the Yncas or Indian Emperors of Peru a most magnificent Temple by them built to the honour of the Creator of the Vniverse says Garcillasus not of the Sun as others misrepresent their Devotion Its Ruines are yet apparent This Temple was immensely rich with the Treasures especially hidden in it when Pizarro became Master of the Country It is said himself drew thence above nine hundred thousand Duccates Pacamores a People of Peru near the Confluence of the Maranio and the River of Amazons Pacca the Moorish Name of Beja a City of Portugal Pactolus a River of the Lesser Asia which ariseth in Lydia from the Mountain Tmolus and passeth by the City Sardis into the Hermus now Sarabat whence it is also by the Moderns called by the same Name of Sarabat The antient Poets often quote its golden Sands Padeborn Paderborn Paderborna Padeburna a City of Westphalia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mentz by the Institution of Charles the Great who held a Diet or Parliament here in 777. In 799. Pope Leo III. took refuge in this City In 999. it happened to be burnt In 1002. the Empress Cunegonda was crowned at it Of old an Imperial and Free City but since exempt and in the Hands of its own Bishop ever since 1604. It is seated near the Rise of the River Lippe twelve Miles from Munster to the North-East and ten from Cassel to the South-West about two Miles from it lies the Castle of Newhaus built by Theodore Furstemberg Bishop of this Seâ— in the year 1590 for the Residence of the Bishop Long. 30. 30. Lat. 51. 45. § The Bishoprick of Paderborn is a Tract in the Circle of Westphalia bounded on the North by the County of Lippâ— on the East by Munster on the South by Hassia and on the West by the Dukedom of Westphalia It is from North to South forty Miles The principal Places in it are Paderborn Brackel and Warburgh Ferdinand Furstemberg Bishop of this Diocese has written a History of it Padoua Patavium a Ciâ—y of Italy in the States of Venice upon the Rivers Brenta and Bachiglione twenty four Miles from Venice to the West eighteen from Vicenza and forty eight from Ferrara to the North. All the ancient Writers agree this City was built by Antenor a Trojan particularly Virgil speaking of Antenor says Hic tamen ille urbem Patavi sedesque locavit soon after the Ruin of Troy They pretend to shew his Tomb here upon which there is an Inscription in Gothick Letters that cannot be equally old In this City was brought into the World Livy the great Roman Historian About the year of Christ 452 it was ruined by Attila King of the Huns rebuilt by the Inhabitants of Ravenna About an hundred years after the Lombards destroyed it and Charles the Great refounded it In 1140. it came into the Possession of the Carrarii In 1221 Frederick II. Emperor opened the University here In 1403. John Galeatius Duke of Milan put an end to this Family and three years after the Venetians took it from him In 1509 it was taken from them by Maximilian I. Emperor of Germany but being soon after recovered has ever since continued under that State It is great and strong but not very populous and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Aquileja Long. 33. 58. Lat. 44. 54. The Country it stands in is so fruitful as to give occasion to this Italian Proverb to prefer Padua before either Venice or Bologna Bologna la grassa Venetia la guasta ma Padoa la passa It is made a strong place by its Castles Towers Walls and Ditches The Palaces and publick Buildings are noble the Vniversity is particularly famous for the Faculty of Physick It is the Capital of the Territory called the Padouan which comprehends Este Arqua Poluerara Castelbaldo Montagnana Mirano c. There are two Academies of the Ingenious established in it under the Titles of gli Recoverati and gli inflammati It shews the ruines of a Roman Amphitheatre And in the year 1350. a Synod was assembled in this City Padstow a Market Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Pider with a Haven to the North Sea Pagâ—ts â—romley a Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill upon the River Blithe Paglion â—auâ—on a small River which washeth the City of Nice in Piedmouâ— then falls into the Mediterranean Sea alamos a Sea-Port Town in Catalonia The Palatinate of Bavaria See Bavaria The Palatinate of the Rhine Palatinatus Rheni Palatinatus Inferior
It became a Bishops See in Christian times but now ruined under the Tarks and called Bassa Papous or la Tierra dos Papoas as the Portugueze call it and Terre des Papous as the French is a Country in the Terra Australis to the East of the Islands Ceram and Gilola in the East-Indies near the Equinoctial Line by some made to be a part of New Guinee by others separated from it by a small Streight The Princes of the neighbouring Islands have the Natives in Esteem for Courage and Fidelity Pappenheim a Town in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany upon the River Altmul adorned with the Title of a Barony formerly now an Earldom It gave its Name and Title to the famous General Pappenheim in the late German Wars Para a City in the North part of Brasil upon the River of Amazons under the Dominion of the Portuguese forty Miles above the fall of that River Long. 328. Lat. 01. 30. There belongs to this City a Province of the same Name called Capitania de Para. Paragoja an Island of the East-Indies called likewise Puloan and Calamianes between Borneo to the South-West and Manilla to the North East an hundred Miles in length twenty in breadth and two hundred in circuit It is one of the Philippine Islands which was never conquered by the Europeans Not very fertile or well peopled Paraguay Paraguaia a vast Country in the South America the greatest part of which is subject to the Spaniards Bounded on the East by Brasil on the South by Magellanica on the West by Peru and the Kingdom of Chili It is divided into seven Counties which are sruitful in all things with Mines and Sugars Not many Spanish Colonies are settled in it yet it has one Bishop at l' Assumption and another at Buenos Ayres This Province takes its Name from the River Paraguay which signifies the River of Feathers It ariseth from the Lake of Xaraies and going South receives the River of Plata and many others and at last by a vast Mouth falls into the Sea of Magellan This is one of the greatest Rivers of America Paraiba a strong City in Brasil which has a large Haven and gives name to a Province called the Government or Capitania de Paraiba Not above eight Miles from the North Sea upon a River of the same name It was long since inhabited by five hundred Portuguese besides Slaves and Negroes and being unwalled its best security was the Fort of S. Francis built by the French and taken by the Portuguese in 1585. In 1634. both the City and Fort were forced to submit to the Dutch Valour who new named them Frederickstadt But the Portuguese have at last recovered the Possession of it These latter have sometimes called the City Nostra Sennora das Nieves Parana a River and Province of Paraguay The Spaniards have about four Colonies in this Province Paranaiba Paranayba a River and a Province on the Consines of Brasil The River falls in that of the Amazons on the South Side of which the Province lies Paray-le-Moineau Pareium Moniacum a Town in the Dukedom of Burgogne in France in the Territory of Charolois upon the River Brebinche two Leagues from the Loyre Pardiac Pardiniacum a County in Aquitain in France Parenzo Parentum Parentium a small City in Histria under the Venetians which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja It stands seven Miles from Citta Nuoua to the South twenty eight from Gapo di Istria and eighty from Venice to the East upon a Peninsula well sortified having a convenient Haven But not much inhabited by reason of the unhealthfulness of the Air. Paria a Province in the Terra Firma in South America near the Shoars of the North Sea and under the Dominion of the Spaniards between the River Orinoque to the East and the Venetola to the West This is a principal Member of New Andalusia from hence often called Paria There are some few Colonies of Spaniards in it and a Gulph of its Name Parimao a Lake in South America which which bounds the Country of Guiana on the South under the Line Some call it Roponouvini It has not hitherto been fully discovered by the Europeans Parinacocha a Province of Peru towards the Andes under the Spaniards Pario Parium a City of the Lesser Asia upon the Propontis twenty Miles from Lampsaco to the East and thirty from Cyzicus now Spinga It has a large Haven and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Spinga Paris Leutetia Luotetia Lucetia Leucotetia Parisii and Lutetia Parisiorum the Capital City of the Kingdom of France boasted by Baudrand to be the greatest City of Europe with a Nemine reclamante no body denying it to be so This was a celebrated City in the Times of the Roman Empire Julian the Apostate whilst he was Caesar only resided here in the Reign of Constantius and adorned it with Baths and a Palace But its greatest Rise was from the Franks Clodoveus settling the Royal Throne in this City about the year 458. Julius Caesar is the first that mentions it it was then very small being wholly contained in an Island in the Seyne not exceeding forty Acres which had then a Wooden Bridge over the River In this Isle the Cathedral Church now is and the Palace of the first French Kings From the times of Clodoveus the first Christian King as long as that Race lasted it grew mightily and became very considerable But under the Caroline Line it was very little improved those Princes not fixing here or in any other place In the year 585 it happened to be almost all burnt In 845 856 886 and 890 the Normans by Sieges and Incursions did extremely endamage it In 896 it was very hardly preserved out of the Hands of the Normans as to the Island what stood out of the Island was redeemed from Ruin by Money The Posterity of Hugh Capet on the other side fixed here and bestowed great Sums of Money in enlarging and adorning this City Charles the Great about the year 796 at the Request of Alcuinus a Saxon opened an University here to whose further Grandeur King Lewis the Seventh and Philip the August contributed very much The College of Sorbonne holds the first place therein In the year 1034 it suffered another Fire and in 1206 a terrible Inundation of the River Seine In 1420 Henry V. of England possessed himself of this City by marrying Catharine the Daughter of Charles VI. of France In the year 1422 Henry VI. Son of this Victorious but short lived Prince was crowned King of France in Paris And again in 1431. After this it remained in the Hands of the English till the year 1435. The Divisions of England under Henry VI. made way for the lâ—ss of France The year 1572 brought great and unparallel'd Infamy and Calamity upon this potent City 10000 Gentlemen being assassinated within her Walls who came thither upon the Publick Faith to the Celebration of a Marriage
entered upon the See by the Regal Authority against the Consent of the Metropolitan and the Bishops of the Province which Decree drew upon the Authors of it a fevere Prâ—secution from the Crown Saintonge or Xaintonge Santonia a great and fruitful Province of France bounded on the North by Poictou on the East by Angoumois on the South by the Garonne which separates it from Guienne and on the West by the Bay of Aquitain This was the Seat of the Santones an ancient Nation of the Galls its Capital is Saintes the other Cities of Note are Brouges S. Jean de Angely and Taillebourg The Rivers Garonne Charante Seudre c. water it They make great quantities of Salt in this Province The Romans had their Colonies in it who often deride the short Cloaks or Gowns worn by the ancient Gauls here as Martial Gallia Santonico vestit te Bardocucullo Cercopithecorum penula nuper erat The same habit towards the Sea Coasts is in use with the common People to this day This Province fell to the Crown of England together with Gascoigne Guienne c. by the Marriage of Eleanor of Guienne with K. Henry II. of England Sala the same with Saal Salado Salsum a River of Spain in Anddlusia called Guadajox which between Sivil and Corduba falls into the Guadalquivir Salamanca Salmantica a City in Spain called Vrbs Vettonum by Ptolemy and perhaps the same with Polybius his Elmantica it stands in the Kingdom of Leon upon the River Tormes a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella and an University founded by Alfonsus IX King of Leon in the year 1200 which is one of the most considerable in that Kingdom adorned with noble Schools and a large Library About ten Leagues from Zamora to the South fourteen from the Borders of Portugal to the East and two and twenty from Valladolid to the South-West upon several Hills in a very unequal Situation of a small circuit ill built worse repaired most of the Houses being falling down and besides its Churches Monasteries and Colleges has nothing that deserves Regard Long. 14. 45. Lat. 41. 15. Salamis Salamine an ancient Archiepiscopal City in the Island of Cyprus which boasted of the honour of having its Church founded by the Apostle S. Barnabas whose Body was discovered to lye here in 485. It afterwards took the name of il Porto Costanzo or Constantia The Philosopher Anaxarchus suffered in this City the pounding to death in a mortar by the order of Nicocreon King of Cyprus with a singular constancy It is now utterly ruined Salamis an Island See Coluri Saâ—andra Salandrilla or Aâ—alandra a River in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples passing by Risetto and thence called also Piume di Rosetto to the gulph of Taranto Salawar Zalawar or Zalad a County in the Lower Hungary upon the Borders of Stiria with the Drave to the South and the County of Vesprin to the North. Kanisa stands in this County upon the River Sala But the Capital Town of it bears the same name of Salawar Sale Sala a City ascribed in ancient time by Ptolemy to Mauritania Tingitana seated at the Mouth of a River of the same Name on the Shoars of the Kingdom of Fez on the Atlantick Ocean A place of great Trade and has a noble Habor but it is an infamous Nest of Piratâ— It was heretofore a Common-Wealth now under the King of Fez who is Master of the Castle It stands one hundred Miles from Fez to the West and Tangier to the South Almanesor one of the Moorish Kings much beautified it and was after buried in it The Spaniards took it in 1287 who lost it in ten days again in 1632. King Charles I. sent a Fleet against this City which blocked it up by Sea whilst the King of Morocco besieged it by Land and by this means brought it under the Works being levelled and those Rogues Executed for which King Charles had three hundred Christian Captives sent him as a Recompence a Reward worthy of that Holy King Long. 6. 40. Lat. 33. 50. Sale the same with Saal Sale Sala a River in Quercy a Province of France Sale Sala a Province of the Kingdom of Bosnia Salefica Saleucia a City in Cilicia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch It stands seventy Miles from Tarsus to the West and twelve from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the North called by Niger Seleschia Long. 64. Lat. 38. 40. Salentini the ancient Inhabitants of Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples in the Roman times Salerno Salernum Salerna a City in the Kingdom of Naples which was a Roman City and Colony called by Strabo and Livy Vrbs Picentinorum Now an Archbishops See a Principality and the Capital of the Hither Principato It stands upon the River Busanola upon the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea upon which it has a Bay called by its own Name and a safe and large Haven twenty four Miles from Naples to the South-East and thirty from Benevento to the South Long. 38. 44. Lat. 40. 33. This Archbishoprick was founded by Pope Boniface VII in 974. The Body of S. Matthew the Apostle is said to be in this Place Pope Gregory VII died here in 1085. It has a Castle and many Antiquities which are the Remainders of the Roman Works When Naples had distinct Kings the Title of this place belonged to the eldest Son of that Kingdom In the years 1615. and 1579. there were two small Councils held at it Salettes a Carthusian Nunnery of great note and quality upon the frontiers of Dauphine in France toward la Bresse Salfeâ—â—d an Abbey in Thuringia in Germany Salii an ancient People of Provence in France who as we find in Strabo Mela c. extended themselves from about Aix as far as to Nice § There was another Nation of the Salii in the Tract now called Sallant from them in Overyssel in the Low Countries Saline Didyme one of the Liparee Islands belonging to Sicily twelve Miles in circuit and fruitful in Allum Near this place the Dutch received a great Defeat from the French at Sea in 1676. Baudrand The Italians call it Didimo Salino Suinus a River in the Kingdom of Naples which springeth out of the Apâ—â—hine and â—inning through the Further Abruzzo watering Pennâ— a City of that Province and Pescara falls into the Gulph of Venice Salingstede Salinâ—stadium a Town in Franconia upon the Maine four Miles above Franck fort to the East By Charles the Great made a Bishap's See but in 780 this Chair was removed to Hailbâ—une It was then a very great City since become subject to the Bishop of Mentz Salins Salinae a strong City in the Franche Comté upon the River Forica eight Loagues from Dole to the East and fifty eight from Geneva to the North. It is seated in a fruitful Valley betwixt two Mountains called Scoding which has been the reason why this City in the Latin
Empire it fell into the hands of the Saracens who in the seventh and eighth Century possessed most of the Islands in the Mediterranean Sea In 809. Pepin Father of Charles the Great recovered this Island out of their hands which after this was the subject of a long War between the States of Genoua and Pisa till at last Pope Boniface VIII granted it to James II. King of Arragon about 1296. who after many Wars obtained the quiet possession of it in 1326. or as Hoffman saith in 1409 Ever since it has been in that Family Frederick II. has also given it the Title of a Kingdom The Soil is very fruitful but the Air equally unhealthful or pestilential rather insomuch that the Common-wealth and the Emperours of the Romans banished such persons to this Island as they desired to have dead without Sword or Poyson The Rivers Cedro and Tirso divide it into two parts called the Cape de Lugodori and Cap de Cagliari for its sertility it was called the Nurse of Rome by Valerius Maximus yet those parts of the Island to the North and East are mountainous and barren The rest are Algher Castel Aragonese Bosa Ostagni Terra Nova Sacer and Iglesias A Vice-Roy for the King of Spain governs this Island Sardica See Sofia Sardis the ancient Metropolis of Lydia in the Lesser Asia Not to speak of its being the Capital of the Kingdom of the famous Gyges Cyrus we find took it in the fifty ninth Olympiad and with it submitted all Lydia to his Empire In the sixty ninth Olympiad about the year of Rome 250. Aristagoras with twenty Athenian Ships took and burnt it After this it was rebuilt and passed under the Empire of the Greeks In the year of Rome 540. Antiochus conquered it In S. John the Apostle's time it received Christianity but for its inconstancy therein became one of the Subjects of his Revelations and now utterly ruined It was a Bishops See Sarduni Planasia an Island on the Coast of Provence in the Mediterranean Sea Sare Sarvus a River of the Low-Countries called Sara by Venantius Fortunatus by the Germans die Saare by the French Sare it ariseth in Mount Vauge in the Borders of Lorain and Alsatia near the Town of Salme and running Northward it watereth Sareck Serwerdon S. Jean Sarsberg and a little above Trier from the South-East falls into the Moselle Sarepta an ancient City of Phoenicia in Syria which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tyre Now called Sarafends or Saphet The Prophet Elias miraculously augmented the Widows Oyl and raised her dead Son to life at this place according to the History of the Old Testament Sargasso or Mar do Sargasso is that part of the Ocean which lies betwixt the Islands of Cape Verde the Canaries and the Continent of Africa so called by the Portugueze Sargathia the Asiatick Tartary a vast Country in Asia Sarisbury or Salisbury or New Sarum Sarisberia Sorviodunum Sarviodunum Severia is the principal City of Wiltshire seated in the North-West part of that County near the Borders of Hampshire and Dorsetshire upon the Rivers of Willey and Alan united into one Stream and falling presently into the Avon in such sort as that most of the Streets of this City have a Stream commodiously running through the midst of them This was anciently a Roman Town by the name of Sorbiodunum seated on a high Hill and therefore destitute of Water Kinrick King of the West Saxons was the first of that Race who possessed it after a Defeat of the Britains in 553. Canutus the Dane much damaged it by Fire in 1003. In the Reign of William the Conquerour it recovered after Herman Bishop of Shirburn had removed the See hither whose next Successor Osman built the Cathedral William the Conquerour summoned hither all the States of England to take an Oath of Allegiance to him Since those times the City is removed Northward and come down into the Plains nearer the Avon Here there was a second Cathedral begun by Richard Poore Bishop of this See in 1218. Finished by Bridport the third Bishop from Poore in 1258. which is one of the greatest and most beautiful Churches in England Having twelve Gates fifty two Windows three hundred sixty five Pillars great and small answering to the Months Weeks and Days of the year The glory of this Diocese was the most Learned and Industrious Bishop John Jewel consecrated Jan. 21. 1559. died Sept. 23. 1571. In 1153. Patrick d'Eureux was created Earl of Salisbury and his Son William succeeded in that Honour In 1â—97 William Long-espee a Natural Son to Henry II. by the beautiful Râ—samond marrying Ella the Daughter of William d' Eureux had this Honour In 1333. William d' Montacute King of Man became the fifth Earl whose Male Line in four Descents enjoyed the Honour till the year 1428. when it passed to Richard Nevil who married Eleanor the Daughter of Thomas Montacute Lord Chancellour In 1472. George Duke of Clarence second Brother to Edward IV. had it in Marriage with Isabel Daughter of Richard Nevil the second Earl of that Line In 1477. Edward eldest Son of Richard III. married Ann the second Daughter of the said Richard and had this Honour In 1514. Margaret Daughter of George Duke of Clarence was by Henry VIII created Countess of Salisbury In 1605. Robert Lord Cecil was by James I. created Earl of Salisbury in which Line it still is Sarlat Sarlatum a City of Aquitain in France in the Province of Perigort which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux It stands upon a River of the same Name one League from the Dordonne betwixt the Dordogne and the Vezere as it were in an Island eight from Perigueux to the South-East and thirty from Bourdeaux to the North-East Made a Bishops See by Pope John XXII in 1317. by the change of its ancient Benedictine Abbey into a Cathedral having before been a part of the Diocese of Perigueux It is so strongly situated as to withstand two Sieges in the Civil Wars in 1652. Sarmatia and Sauromatia This vast Region in ancient Geography was divided into Sarmatia Asiatica Europaea and Germanica Sarmatia Asiatica lay properly towards the Borders of Europe and Asia with the Northern Ocean to the North the Pontus Euxinus to the South Scythia to the East and Sarmatia Europaea to the West now contained in the Northern Muscovia in the Provinces of Samoyeda Duina Permski Lucomeria c. Sarmatia Europea had for Bounds both the other Sarmatia's with the Euxine Sea making now Russia And Sarmatia Germanica took up the greatest part of the present Kingdom of Poland being divided from the European Sarmatia by the Nieper to the East from the Borders of Germany by the Vistula to the West from Dacia by the Neister and the Carpathian Mountains to the South with the Baltick Sea and the Gulph of Finland to the North. Sarnagans Sarnagan Sargans Serlandt a Town and County in Switzerland subject to the seven
Barkstow upon a small stream falling into the VVarfe and the Ouse at the place of their Conjunction This Town is noted for the Stone-quarries near it well inhabited and provided with a Free-School Shoreham a Market Town in the County of Sussex in Bramber Rape by the Sea side Shrewsbury Salopia the principal City in Shropshire is seated upon the Severne on the top of an Hill of Red Earth in the middle of that County The River runs almost round the Town and is covered by two lovely Bridges Roger of Montgomery in the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror built on the North side of it a strong Castle which added much to its strength he founded a stately Abbey in it whose remains are extant still It was then a very considerable Place Nor is it after so many Ages sunk in its Wealth Riches or People but still a goodly City and the Centre of the Trade between VVales and England Near this City in 1463 was a sharp Battel fought between Henry IV. and Henry Percie Earl of Northumberland on the behalf of Edward Mortimer Earl of March as the right Heir of the Crown of England after Richard II. In 1067 Roger de Montgomery Earl of Arundel was by the Conqueror created Earl of Shrewsbury His Posterity enjoyed it till 1102 in three descents and then were divested of it In 1442 John Talbot Marshal of France a Person of great Worth and Conduct and the terror of France was by Henry VI made Earl of this City which Honour is enjoyed by his Posterity to this day Charles Talbot the twelfth of this Line succeding in 1667. Shrewsbury contains now five Parish Churches denominates a Lath is encompassed with a strong Wall with a Bulwark that ranges from the Castle to the Severn and is represented in the lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses First supposed to have taken its rise from the ruines of the ancient Vriconium which stood not far from it Shropshire Salopia is bounded on the North by the County Palatine of Chester on the East by Staffordshire on the South by Worcester Hereford and Radnorshires on the West by Montgomery and Denbigh It s length from North to South is thirty four its breadth from East to West twenty five and the circuit about one hundred thirty four English Miles wherein lye one hundred and seventy Parishes and fifteen Market Towns The Air of it is gentle and healthful the Soil rich and fruitful abounding in Wheat Barley Pit-Coals Iron and Wood. The Severne which is the second River of England divides this County almost in the middle receiving into it the Camlet the Morda the Mele the Roddon the Terne the VVorse and some others on the South it has the Temde which receives the Bradfield Onke Omey Quenny Stradbrook Corve Ledwich and Rea all which and some other Rivers water and enrich the South part of this County so that it may very well be one of the most fruitful and best peopled Counties in England The Principal City is Shrewsbury Siam a City and Kingdom beyond the Ganges in the Further East Indies The Kingdom is bounded on the North by the Kingdoms of Pegu and Ava on the East Cambaya Lao Jancoma and Tangu on the South the Bay of its own Name and on the West by the Bay of Bengale making by this form of its situation a Demicircle of about four hundred and fifty Leagues Some assign it a far greater extent and bound it by Pegu and Lao on the North the Chinian and Indian Oceans to the East and West with the Kingdom of Malaca to the South And this way it makes a great Peninsula It is certain the King of Siam keeps several other Kingdoms and Principalities tributary to him and his Country being blessed with a good Air a fertile Soil Mines of Lead Tin Silver and Gold tho of a base Alloy with store of Ivory and being visited continually by Vessels from Japan China Cochinchina Tonquin the Sound and the Philippine Islands from all parts of the Hither East Indies and from Arabia Persia and the Kingdoms of Europe it affords the enjoyment of every thing almost that is valuable Whilst the Sun is in the Northern Signs from March to September the Fields are generally overflown by the Rivers which much contributes to the fertility of them for the Ear of the Rice mounts above the height of the Waters The King of Siam was Master heretofore of Malaca see Malaca Of late himself became a Tributary to the King of Pegu see Pegu. But he is very absolute over and served with the profoundest Adoration by his own Subjects The English French and Dutch have each their Factories in this Kingdom The Portuguese and Armenians Moors and Chinese settle here in great Numbers being allowed dwellings in the City Siam by a Favour not made common to all Nations Siam the City stands in an Island that is formed by the River Menan surpassing in the richness of its Temples most of the proudest Cities in the Indies and its Palace Royal where the King resides built by the River side is of an extent sufficient to denominate a City of it self In 1634 the Dutch built themselves a House in Siam whichâ—is one of the best belonging to their Company in these Indies Siangyang Siangyanum a City in the Province of Huquam in the Kingdom of China The Capital over six other Cities Siara a small City in Brasil upon the North Sea which is the Capital of a Province has a large safe Haven and a Castle but not very populous Under the Portuguese 〈◊〉 a Kingdom under the Great Mogul in the East-Indies towards the Fountains of Ganges and Mount Caucasus betwixt Naugracut and Pitane Siben Sabiona now a Castle only but formerly a City in the County of Tirol and a Bishop's See It is seated upon the River Eysock ten Miles from Brixia whither the Brishoprick is removed to the South-West Siberia a Province of great extent under the Crown of Muscovy towards the river Obb in the Desart Tartary between the Provinces of Condora Legomoria and Permia Some few years since first discovered all covered with uninhabited Woods Marshes and desolate Countries having only a few Inhabitants which have a particular Language of their own and not the use of Bread The Moscovites have of late built the Cities Tobolsk upon the River Yâ—â—im and Siber on the Obb here and united both in one Archbishoprick At the former the Vice Duke under the Grand Duke of Moscovy resides he commands over both Siberia and Samoyeda They have also set up Churches in divers places for the Moscovian Christians Sicambri a People of the ancient Germany placed by most about the now Province of Guelderland in the Vnited Netherlands betwixt the Maes and the Rhine By others upon the banks of the Mayne Strabo calls them Sugambri Ptolemy Synganbri The Bructeri were a part of their Dependents Sichem an ancient City of the Territory of Samaria in Palestine in the
Tribe of Ephraim The same which S. John calls Sychar John 4. 5. standing near the Well where our Saviour discoursed the Samaritan Woman It is mentioned in Abraham's time for the place of his abode Gen. 12 6. Afterwards for the Sepulchre of Joseph and the Inheritance of his children Josh 24. 32. For the Election of Rehoboam King of Israel here by all Israel 2 Chron. 10. 1. and upon other Occasions Now called Naplouse Neapolas and New Samaria The High Priest of the present Samaritans resides at it Sicily Sicilia Sicelia Trinacria Sicania Triquetra a very great Island in the Mediterranean Sea at the South West point of Italy Thought by some Ancients to join originally with Italy as part of the continent and to have been separated from it by the stormy Powers of the Ocean It lies in the form of a vast Triangle from whence some of its names are derived having three great Capes Pelorum now Faro to the North-East towards Italy Pachynus now Passaro towards the Morea and the South-East and Lilybaeum now Cape Coco to the West Threehundred and eighty Miles from the Morea one hundred from Africa one hundred and seventy from Sardinia and from Italy a Mile and a half It s North side is two hundred fifty five Miles its Southern one hundred and ninety and the Western one hundred fifty five as Cluverius saith who measured the whole Island It is now divided into three Counties Val di Domoni to the North Val di Noto to the South and Val di Mazara to the West The ancient Cities of greatest power were Syracusa now Syragosa Panormus Palermo Messina and Messana of which the two last retain their former Dignity The other Cities are Gergenti Calatagirone Catania Cefalu Trapano Mazara Monreal Noto Patti Sacca and Terra Nova It is wonderfully fruitful as to Corn and Wine therefore called by Cato The Granary of the Common-VVealth and Nurse of the People of Rome Abounds also with Cattle Sheep Honey Wine and Oyl In ancient times it had seventy three Free Cities in the time of the second Punick War it had sixty six We have only Fabulous accounts who were the first Inhabitants but certainly the Phoenicians have been here and were expelled by the Greeks who not well agreeing amongst themselves drew over the Carthaginians to their common ruine The Romans followed not long after and in the year of Rome 494 two hundred and fifty six years before the birth of our Saviour made themselves Masters of it it being the first Province they possessed out of the Bounds of Italy In the mean time Dionysius Agathocles Hiero and Pericles advanced themselves to an Absolute Tyranny here by the use they made of their Victories It continued under the Romans till the Reign of Justinian then the Vandals under Gensericus in 439. and 440. for some time became Masters of it who were expelled by Bellisarius in 535. Having been miserably spoiled by the Emperor Constans in 669. it fell into the Hands of the Saracens who plundered it as they did several times after and left it Leandro Alberti faith that in the Division of the Empire between Charles the Great and Nicephorus Emperor of the East about 800. Sicily Calabria and Apulia fell to the Emperor of Constantinople and that it continued under them till the times of Nicephorus Thomas However we find the Saracens in 910. after a great Naval Victory became Masters of Calabria Apulia and Sicily Leandro placeth this in 914 and saith the Greeks had part of Sicily still In 1035. the Saracens were still possessed of part of Sicily but as Leander saith they and the Greeks too were expelled by the Normans in the times of Michael Caliphates who reigned but one year about 1041. and 1042 by Gulielmus Ferebatus and not by Tancred as say others To this William succeeded as Counts of Calabria Roger I. by the Pope created King of Sicily he having taken the Pope Prisoner in the year 1139 William II. William III. and Tancred a Bastard opposed by Pope Celestine III who preferred Costanza a Daughter of Roger II. an ancient Lady a Nun and married her to Henry Son of Frederick Barbarossa and made him King of Sicily to whom succeeded Frederick II. his Son Then followed Manfredus his Natural Son but the Pope set up Charles Duke of Anjou against him in 1263. In 1281. upon Easter-day in time of Vespers whence the name came of the Sicilian Vespers the French were all massacred by the Sicilians by the Order of Peter III. King of Arragon who had married the Daughter of Manfred During this Interval this Crown had been offered to Richard Earl of Cornwal Brother to Henry III. King of England and he refused it From thenceforward it became inseparably united to the Kingdom of Naples and has ever since had the same fate to this day being governed by a Vice-Roy who resides at Palermo the present capital City of it Hoffman saith the Saracens were possessed of Palermo had their Admiral or General there from 827. to 1070 when they were finally expelled by the Normans to whom Pope Nicolas granted this Island on that condition in 1058. So that the Normans might perhaps expell the Greeks in 1042. and the Saracens in 1070. The Inhabitants forced the Spaniards in the year 1647. to recall all their Taxes This Island enjoyeth three Archbishops Sees Palermo Messina and Monreale about six or seven Bishops Sees and one University Catania Aetna is a known Mountain here Sicyon an ancient ruined City of the Peloponnesus of sufficient note in its time The Turks have built Vasilica upon the Ruins of it Sida Side a Maritime City of Pamphylia in the Lesser Asia upon the Mediterranean and the Borders of Isauria Honoured formerly with an Archbishops See In 385. a Council was celebrated at it under Amphilochius Bishop of Iconium Now in a condition of ruine and called diversly Scandalor Candelohora and Chirisonda Sidon See Seyde Sidmouth a Market and Sea-Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Budley of good account before its Port was choaked up with Sand. Siena Sena Saena Senae a City of Hetruria in Italy of great antiquity and a Roman Colony Seated in the Borders of the Dukedom of Florence thirty two Miles from that City to the South and an hundred and seven from Rome to the North. This City as Polybius saith in his second Book was built by the Gauls in the year of Rome 396. A. M. 3730. after the taking of Rome by Brennus and from the Senones one of their tribes took this Name In the fall of the Roman Empire it suffered very much from the Barbarous Nations and is said to have been rebuilt by Charles Martel The Inhabitants purchased their freedom of Rodolphus the Emperor and managed the same with various successes till 1555 when it was taken by the Spaniard and sold to the Duke of Florence in 1558. under whom it still is In 1459. it was made an Archbishop's See under Pope
Sancha of Castile Wise to Alphonsus II. King of Arragon sirnamed the Chaste who after the Death of her Husband took the Habit her self in this House and divers Princesses with her She endowed it with large Revenues and a very considerable Jurisdiction to the Benefices and Cures whereof the Prioress at this day nominates and hath a Voice and Seat in the Provincial Chapter of Arragon The House is walled like a Fortress with a Noble Palace in it for the Residence of the Prioress who attains to her Dignity by the Election of the Religious They bear the name also of the Ladies of Malta as owing Fidelity and Obedience by Oath to the Great Master of the Knights of Malta from which though they substracted about the year 1470. to put themselves immediately under the Pope Yet in 1569. they returned again to it fearing otherwise to fall under the Spiritual Jurisdiction of the Bishop of Lerida The persons admitted must make proof of their quality as Ladies They wear a large Cross in white Silk upon their Breasts and in time of Office bear in their hands a Silver Scepter as the Badges of their Order Skeningrave a small Sea-Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire West from Mulgrave Castle The Seal-Fish appear in great Shoals about the Rocks here Skipton a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Staincliff and the Tract of Craven upon a Stream falling into the River Are. Skofde Skofda a small City in Westrogothia in Sweden Skye Skia an Island on the West of Scotland fifty Miles in length from East to West It lies about three Miles from the Shoars of Rosse to the West and has never a Town or City of Note Sladitza Osmus a River of Bulgaria The Sleeve the Sea between France and England or the Streights of Calais Slawkow Slaukovia a City in Bohemia in Moravia called by the Germans Austerlitz it stands five Miles from Olmitz to the South Sleaford a large well inhabited Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Flaxwell near the Head of a Stream of its own name falling into the Witham It shews the ruined Walls of a Castle which it had in former times Slego Slegum a Town and County in Conaught in Ireland on the Western Shoar Sleswick Slesvicum a City of Denmark heretofore called Hedeba and Slietory It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden and the Capital of a Dutchy of the same Name seated upon the River Sleie which falls into the Baltick Sea four German Miles from the Mouth of that River to the West between Flensburg to the North and Rensburg to the South sixteen Miles from Lubeck and Hamburg to the North. Its Bishoprick was instituted in 948. by Harald Blaâ—tland and extinguished in 1556. by Frederick II. King of Denmark Once an Imperial and Free City but now exempt and under the Duke of Holstein Gotthorp Long. 32. 45. Lat. 54. 55. The Dukedom of Sleswick Slesvicensis Ducatus is a part of the Cimbrica Chersonesus sometimes called South Jutland On the East it is bounded by the Baltick Sea on the South by Holstein on the West by the German Ocean and on the North by Jutland John Buno denies it to be any part of Holstein or Germany but saith it is a Fife of the Crown of Denmark Lotharius the Emperor created Canutus Duke of S' eswick King of the Vandals in 1130. Christian Son of Theodorick Oldemburg King of Denmark united this and Holstein to the Crown of Denmark in 1566. Christian IV. granted it to the Duke of Holstein in 1589. but as a Feudatary and Subject of the Crown of Denmark By the Treaty of Roschild in 1658. this Dukedom was declared a Sovereign State by the Procurement of the Swedes the Affairs of Denmark requiring then a Compliance with the Demands of that Victorious Nation But the Crown of Denmark taking the advantage of better times forced this Duke to become a Subject of Denmark again by a Treaty made at Flensburg in 1675. which last Treaty has been endeavoured to be rescinded and that of Roschild confirmed by the Swedes and other of the Northern Princes Slonim Slonima a small City in Lithuania in the Palatinate of Novogrod eight Polish Miles from that City to the South upon the River Sezura Sluczk Slucum a Town in Lithuania honoured with the Title of a Dukedom great and populous but for the most part built only of Timber upon a River of its own name It stands in the Palatinate of Novogrod fifteen Polish Miles North from the Borders of Polesia Constantine Duke of Ostrog in the Reign of Sigismund I King of Poland defeated three great Armies of the Tartars in a Fight of three days continuance near this place Sluys Slusa Clausulae a small but very strong Town in Elanders about one League from the Ocean four from Midleburg to the South-East and three from Bruges Taken by the Dutch in 1604. from the Spaniards and ever since in their hands Smaland Smalandia a County of Gothland under the Swedes between Westrogothia to the West Bleking to the South the Baltick Sea to the East and Ostrogothia to the North. The principal Places in it are Calmar Jonckoping and Wexsio Smalkalde Smalcalda a City in Franconia in Germany in the County of Henneneberg under the Duke of Hess-Cassel not above one German Mile from the River Werra four from Isenach and six from Erford to the North-West Particularly regardable on the account of a League made and confirmed here by the Protestant Princes in the years successively 1530. 1531. 1535. and 1537. against Charles V. Wherein besides thirty Lutheran Cities which had embraced the Confession of Ausbourgh the Kings of Sweden and Denmark the Dukes of Brunswick Pomerania and Wirtembourgh the young Marquess of Brandenbourgh the Elector of Saxony Landtgrave of Hesse and other Princes by times engaged and whereas the Pope had convocated what they desired a free Council at Mantoua these in their Assembly in 1537. whereat Luther and Melancthon assisted answered They would never consent to a Council out of Germany In 1547. Charles V. dissipated all the Forces of this League in one Campaign taking the Elector of Saxony and the Landtgrave of Hesse Prisoners But in 1552. having recruited themselves again they obliged Charles V. to conclude the Peace of Passaw whereby Lütheranism was authoritatively established in Germany Smolensko Smolentum one of the principal Cities of Poland and the Capital of a Palatinate It stands upon the Borysthenes in White Russia in Lithuania near the Borders of Muscovy Great and very strong surrounded by a Wall eight Cubits broad at the top strengthened by fifty two great Towers and a very strong Castle It contains about eight thousand Houses and was once much greater subject at first to a Russian Duke who was the Sovereign of it but conquered by Vitondus Duke of Lithuania in 1403. Casimirus II. King of Poland subjected it to that Crown in 1452. The Russ took it in 1514.
between Durazzo and the River Aspro which last falls into the same Sea twenty five Miles from Durazzo to the North Some call it Aspro Spirnazza others Spirnazza Arzenza Spitsberg an University in Brandenburgh founded in 1544. Spitsberg Spitzberga Regio Arctica or the Sharp Mountains as the Name signifies is a large Country and a part of the Artick Continent between Nova Zembla to the East and Greenland to the West which are yet not near it by three hundred Miles It was called thus by the Dutch upon their discovering it in 1596. the English call it New-Land others Spigelberg It extends to deg 80. of North Latitude Whether it be an Island or joyned to any Continent is unknown to the Europeans extreme cold without one Village in it only some parts are frequented by the Dutch who Fish for Whales and find some two hundred foot long Here are a great number of Bears black and white Foxes and Sea-Geese Split the same with Spalatro Splugen Splugue Speluca the highest Mountain amongst the Grisons a part of the Rhetian Alpes upon which there was once a strong Castle near the Lower Branch of the Rhine about eight Miles from Clâ—ven to the North. Spoleti Spoletum Spoletium is a City in the States of the Church in Italy called Spoleto and Spolete the Capital of a Dukedom of the same Name It stands in the Province of Vmbria or Ombria partly on an Hill partly in a Valley upon the River Tessino thirteen Miles from Fuligno to the North-East forty five from Rome to the North and sixty two from Ancona to the South It is a Bishops See immediatly under the Pope and a City of great Antiquity having defended it self very well against Hannibal in the second Punick War In 1234 here was a Council held under Pope Gregory IX for the Recovery of the Holy Land The same year the Bishop's See was translated hither from Spollo In seven hundred and forty it was besieged by Luitprandus King of the Lombards and reduced to great Extremities In 1155 Frederick Barberossa took plundered and burnt it for violating his Ambassadors and corrupting his Coin In 1583 here was a Synod held by its Bishop It shows some stately Ruines of an Amphitheatre a Temple and a Palace of the Kings of the Goths who made it their Residence Il Ducato di Spoleto Spoletanus Ducatus is a very large Province of Italy called of old Vmbria of latter times Ombria And a Dukedom from the time that Longinus the Greek Exarch of Ravenna after the recalling Narses instituted Dukes for the Government of this Province The Lombards made a Conquest of it under Alboinus one of their Kings in 571. But they left it under Dukes still one of which in 740 joyning with Pope Gregary and rebelling against his Master Luitprandus drew a War upon the Province In 876. Charles the Bald one of the Caroline Princes made Guido a Descendent of Charles the Great Duke of Spoleto whose Posterity in thirteen Descents enjoyed it to 1198. How or when this Province fell under the Pope I know not but it bore the Title of a Dukedom under them till 1440 when it reassumed its ancient Name of Ombria See Leander Albertus Sponheim Sponheimensis Comitatus a County in the Palatinate of the Rhine between the Moselle and the Naw which last falls into the Rhine four German Miles beneath Mentz The fourth part of it is under the Marquess of Baden the rest has been under the Electors Palatine ever since 1416 when it came to that Family by the Marriage of Isabella Heiress of it with Robert Elector Palatine The principal places in it are Creutznach Simmeren and Birkenfeld Sporades the scattered Islands towards Candia in the Archipelago so called in opposition to the Cyclades which lye together in the form of a Circle The Romans Saracens and the Corsairs with the present Masters the Turks of them by their several devastations have reduced these once flourishing retreats into a poor condition There are always some Greeks upon them Sprche Sprewe Spra la Sprehe Spreha a River in Germany which ariseth in the Borders of Bohemia and flowing through Lusatia watereth Bautzen Cotâ—â—itz and Luben then entering Brandenburgh falls by Berlin into the Havel at Spandow which last ends in the Elbe at Havelburg Sprotaw Sproâ—avia a City of Silesia in the Dukedom of Glogaw upon a River of the same Name which falls into the Bober Four Miles from Glogaw to the West Spurnhead Ocelli a Cape or Promontory in Yorkshire at the Mouth of the Humber Squillaci Scyllctiâ—m Scillaceum a small City of great Antiquity called by Ptolemy Scilacium Pliny Scylaceum and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Reggio in the Fuâ—ther Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples to which there belongs a Bay upon the Ionian Sea called Golfo di Squillaei This City stands sixty five Miles from Regio to the North-East fifty five from Rossano to the South and has not above three hundred Houses in it Long. 40. 12. Lat. 37. 48. It was an Athenian Colony and one of the most considerable Cities belonging to the Brutii in Magna Graecia Staden Statio Stada a City in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Bremen near the Elbe anciently a Free Imperial City and a Hanse Town but now subject to the Duke of Breme It stands upon a small River called Sâ—â—â—vinge which a little lower falls into the Elbe seven German Miles from Hamburgh to the West and twelve from Bremen to the North. A very strong Town Taken in 1676 by the Duke of Brunswick In 1680 it was restored by the Treaty concluded at Zell to the Swedes under whom it was before put by the Treaty of Munster Staffanger Stavandria Stafangria Stavangria a City of Norway which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim and has a large safe Harbor upon the German Ocean It stands in the Prefecture of Bergen ninety Miles from Bergen to the South and sixty from the Baltick Sea Long. 27. 45. Lat. 61. 15. Staffarda a Town not far from Saluzzes in Piedmont made remarkable by the Battel between the Duke of Savoy's Army and the French on the eighteenth of August 1690 in which the former retired with loss Staffordshire Staffordia Cornavi a County in the middle of England Bounded on the North by Cheshire and Darbyshire where a Stone shews the point in which these three Countries meet on the East by Darbyshire cut off by the Dowe and Trent on the South by Warwickshire and Worcestershire and on the West by Shropshire It represents a Lozenge in its form its length being forty four Miles from North to South and its breadth twenty seven the whole Circumference one hundred and forty seven containing one hundred and thirty Parishes and eight Market Towns For Springs Brooks and Rivers besides the Trent it hath the Dove which partly separates it from Derbyshire the Churner the Blithe the Line the Teaâ— the Sowe the Penk the Manifold and several
others over which are reckoned in all twenty four Stone-bridges Here is plenty of Lime Marble Timber Stone for building and game with some Alabaster and Salt-springs The Air is good and very healthful cold especially towards the North in which part the Earth also is barren The middle is more level but full of Woods The South is fruitful producing Corn and Grass in abundance Coals and Mines of Iron And so great formerly was the number of Parks and Warrens in this County that most Gentlemens Seats were attended by both This County takes its name from Stafford the principal Town in it anciently called Betheny Built by Edward the Elder Incorporated by King John on the East and South walled Trenched by its own Barons the other two sides being secured by a Lake of Water the River Sowe runs on the East and West of the Town and is covered with a Bridge It hath two Parish Churches a Free-school and many good Buildings Edward VI. confirmed and enlarged their Charter It s Long is 18. 40. Lat. 53. 20. In the year 1357 one Ralph was created the first Earl of Stafford whose Posterity in twelve Descents enjoyed that Honor to the year 1639 when it was finally extinguished in the Person of Henry Stafford In 1640 Charles I. revived this Honour by conferring it upon Sir William Howard Knight of the Bath second Son of Thomas Earl of Arundel and Surrey who was then married to one of the Daughters of the last Earl of Stafford He was Beheaded Dec. 7. 1680. in the Reign of K. Charles II. But the Title revived under K. James II. in Henry his Son the present Earl of Stafford See the Natural History of this County written by Dr. Robert Ploâ—t with the same extraordinary Art and Elaborateness which is peculiar to him Stagira an ancient Town famous for being the Native place of the Philosopher Aristotle thence entituled Stagirita in the Kingdom of Macedonia called afterwards Liba Nova by some and yet said to be extant Stagno Stagnum a small City in Dalmatia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza from which it stands thirty Miles to the North upon the Adriatick which affords it the Convenience of an Harbour This Town belongs to the Republick of Ragusa Stainmore-Hill an exceeding Stony Hill as the Northern use of the word Stain signifies in the County of Westmorland Remarkable for a Stone-Cross said anciently to have been erected for a Boundary betwixt the Kingdoms of England and Scotland upon a Peace concluded betwixt William the Conqueror and Malcholm King of Scotland The Arms of England were displayed upon the South-side of it and those of Scotland on the North. Stalemura Anemurium a City in Cilicia upon the Mediterranean Sea called by others Anemâ—ra a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia between Antioch to the West and Celendris now Palapoly to the East about forty four Miles from Cape Cormachiti in the North of the Isle of Cyprus to the North. Mela placeth it in the Borders of Pamphylia and Cilicia Long. 65. 10. Lat. 36. 50. Stalimene Lemnos a considerable Island in the Archipelago called by the Inhabitants Stilemnos It is one hundred and sixty Miles in compass At first under the Venetians but since conquered by Mahomet II. Fifty Miles from Agionoros or the Coast of Macedonia to the East It hath a considerable City of its own name produces good Wine and is well Cultivated Famous for a Red Earth called from it Terra Lemnia and Sigillata by which the Ottoman Port reaps a considerable revenue Stamboli the Turkish Name of Constantinople Stametz Stametia a small City in Gothland a Province of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal but now become a poor Village Stampalia a considerable Island in the Archipelago towards the Sea of Scarpanto called anciently Astypalaea and placed by Strabo in the number of the Sporades It hath a City of its own name now as before when a Temple of great fame throughout Greece adorned it which was consecrated to the honour of Apollo The principal Church is dedicated to S. George and served with the Greek rites under the spiritual jurisdiction of the Bishop of Siphanto who some part of the year resides at it To the City belongs a Castle for its security planted upon a Mountain upon the Frontispiece of which the Arms of Venice France and Thuscany appear displayed This City is the sole settlement in the Island being tho of a fruitful Soil much in want of fresh Water Stanes a large well inhabited and frequented Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Branghing with a Bridge over a River leading into Surrey Stanford Stamford Durobrivae a Town of Lincolnshire in Kesteven division of good Antiquity upon the River VVelland on the Borders of Northampton and Rutland with a part in each but the chiefest in Lincolnshire which is great and well peopled having about seven Parish Churches and several Bridges over the River being expanded on both its sides The Roman High Dike or Way leadeth to the North from this Town The Houses are built of Free-stone the Streets fair and large and begirt with a Wall It hath the honour to be a Corporation represented in the lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses And in its Neighbourhood stands a stately Seat and Park of the Earl of Exeter called Burleigh House In the Reign of Edward III. part of the Students of Oxford upon a quarrel between the Southern and Northern Men settled for some time in this Town who erected a College here its Ruins are yet remaining and would not return to Oxford till compelled by a Proclamation whence arose that Statute of the University enjoyning every one by Oath at the taking of Batchelors Degree not to profess Philosophy at Stamford In 1628 Henry Lord Grey of Grooby was created Earl of Stamford and succeeded by Thomas his Grandchild in 1673. Stanhope Stainthorp or Staindrop a Market Town in the Bishoprick of Durham in Darlington Wapentake upon a rivulet running into the Tees Market-Stanton a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Gartree Stargard Vrbs Vetus a City of Holstein Long. 33. 10. Lat. 55. 06. Stargart Stargardia a City of Germany in the Further Pomerania the Capital of which it is upon the River Ihna under the Elector of Brandenburgh five German Miles from Stetin to the East It is a Hanse Town but not well peopled Long. 37. 40. Lat. 53. 23. Staten-Eylandt a small Rocky Island discovered by the Dutch in 1594. to the East of Weigat's Streights near that Coast of Moscovy called by them New Holland Not above one League long and two in Circuit Some pieces of fine clear Chrystal were found about the Rocks The Dutch gave it this Name to signifie an Island of their States Stavelo Stable Stabulum a Monastery in the Diocese of Vtrecht between the Archbishoprick of Triers and the Low-Countries three German Miles from Limburgh to the South There belongs to the
good Harbor on its South side The usual place where the Dutch Fleet rendezvouz in times of War Near it the Illustrious General Monk afterwards Duke of Albemarle beat the Dutch Fleet July 31. 1653 slew their famous Admiral Van Trump burnt and sunk twenty six of their Men of War with the loss of only two small English Ships and drove the rest into the Texel Which being seen by the People from the Shore prevented the usual Ceremony of a Thanksgiving for being beaten Teyder-Aa Teydera a River of Livonia in Litland which watereth Adzal and Wolmer then falls into the Bay of Livonia Teysterbandt Testerbantum a small County in the Dukedom of Cleves towards the Maes the Wael and the Rhine in the North of Cleves and on the Southern Border of Guelderland which has been united to Cleves seven hundred years Thabor a celebrated Mountain in Galilee in Palestine six Miles from Nazareth to the East near the Plain of Esdrelon and the Valley of Iesreel having the Brook of Endor springing from its foot Josephus gives it the Height of thirty Greek Stadia and the Plain upon the top of it the compass of two thousand five hundred Paces where the Wind blows very to hard and cold in the hottest Seasons Here our Saviour honoured S. Peter James and John with the View of his glorious Transfiguration in memory whereof Helena the Mother of Constantine the Great built upon the place a stately Church with three small Chapppels representing the three Tabernacles in S. Peter's Wish which Chappels now are almost buried under the Ruines of the Church saving one Altar used sometimes for Mass by the Religious of Nazareth Alexander Jannaeus King of Judah who began his Reign one hundred and three years before Christ built a Fortress upon this Mountain which probably continued till the time of our Saviour and was the same with that taken by Composition in the year after Christ 82 by Vespasian when the Church and Chappels were demolished These latter were re-established in 1099 by Godfrey of Bouillon and divided betwixt the Greek Calcyers and the Benedictine Monks under a Bishop a Suffragan to the Patriarch of Jerusalem In 1187 Saladine took the Mountain and ruined its Works In 1253 the Christians retook it and Pope Alexander gave it to the Templars But in 1290 it was finally lost from the Christians to the Sultan of Egypt It stands in a round conical figure with its sides to the West and South full of Shrubs and Greens Thamar Rha the same with Wolgha Thame a Market Town in Oxfordshire upon the Borders of Buckinghamshire which takes its Name from the River Thame one of the Fountains of the Thames joining with the Isis at Dorchester whose Branches almost encompass it and are here covered with a Bridge leading into Buckinghamshire It is the Capital of its hundred and enjoys the Benefit of a Free-School and a Hospital founded by the Lord Williams of Thame Thames Thamesis Tamesis Jamissa the principal River of England Which has this Name from the Thame and Isis two smaller Rivers its Fountains The first of these arises in Buckinghamshire the second in VViltshire The second is far the greater receives the VVindrush and the Evenclods before it arrives at Oxford beneath that City the Charwell a noble Flood and at Dorchester it takes the Thame Then sporting it self with vast turns it watereth VVallingford Reading and Henly dividing Buckinghamshire from Surrey it watereth VVindsor so passeth to Stanes in Middlesex above which it takes in the Colne and watering Hampton-Court Kingston Brentford and Chelsey it gently glides between Westminster and London on the North and Southwark on the South where it is covered by one of the noblest Bridges in the World More to the East it receives the Lea out of Essex being now able to bear vast Ships it hasteth by Graves End into the German Ocean between Essex to the North and Kent to the South Thanet Tanâ—tos Thanatos Athanatos in Solinus a small Island on the Eastern Coast of Kent surrounded on the South by the Sea and on the West by the River Stoure here called the Yenlade about eight Miles long and four broad In this Island the Saxons first landed and also S. Augustine the Monk In 1628 Nicolas Lord Tufton was created Earl of Thanet by Charles I. Richard the fifth of this Family succeeded in 1680. Thaurn Taurus Thaxted a Market Town in the County of Essex in the hundred of Dunmow Theaco Ithaca an Island in the Ionian Sea betwixt Cephalonia Sancta Maura and the Curzolari under the Venetians The Italians call it Val di Compare It reckons about fifteen thousand Inhabitants a great part banished persons from Zante Cephalonia and Corfu It hath a spacious and safe Haven but no City or good Town only some Villages and it pretends to shew the ruins of Penelope's House supposing Vlysses to have been a Native of this Ithaca Thebe Thebae two celebrated Cities in Antiquity in Egypt and Greece That in Egypt received its ruin from Cornelius Gallus Governour of Egypt But the marks of its former Opulence the number of its Inhabitants its Conquests the tribute and imposts it paid to the King and to the Temples remained engraved in Egyptian Characters upon Obelisks in Germanicus's time who visited as Tacitus says the ruins of this City in his Travels It contained one hundred and forty Stadia in Circuit one hundred Gates and according to those Obelisks seven hundred thousand fighting Men. See Diospolis § The other in Bâ—eotia in Greece hath ever pretended to challenge the ancient Cadmus for its Founder about the year of the World 2620 nigh one thousand four hundred years before the coming of Christ During which Interval it was first adorned with the Title of a Kingdom Next changed into a Republick of great Puissance which maintained War against both the Athenians and Lacedaemonians and over the latter gained a signal Victory by the conduct of their General Epaminâ—ndâ—s at the Battel of Leuctra when both hâ— and Cleombrotus General of the Lacedaemonians were slain Philip K. of Macedon Conquered this City and Garrisoned it with Macedoâ—ians whose yoak they regretted till they revol ed upon the death of that King And refusing to submit to his Son Alexander He by â—orce reconquering them entirely â—uined this City saving the single House of the Poet Pindar and divided the Lands amongst his Soldiers â—bout the year of Rome 419. and the CXI Olympaid Cassander the Son of Antipater King of Macedonia twenty years after rebuilt it and his work is parâ—ly standing at this day in the quality of a Village under the Turks but before those desâ—royers of Mankind possess'd it it was the See of an Archbishop See Stives Thebes See Stives Theobalds a Palace Royal of the Kings of England in Hâ—â—fordshire in the Hundred of Hartford not â—ar â—rom Hodsdon on the Lea and less from Waltham Abbey in Essex It is delightfully situated amongst Groves and Springs
Florence in the Borders of the Ecclesiastical State and of Romandiola twelve Miles from Sarsina to the South Running South it watereth Santo Sepulchro and beneath it takes in the Chersone then entering the States of the Church in Ombria it takes in the Nicone Carpina and Reggia and watering Perugia beneath it admits the Chiascio Nestore Paglia and Nera Passing into S. Peter's Patrimony it is augmented by the Treggia Aia Farfa and the Teverone then it passeth through Rome divides the Patrimony from Campania di Roma and at Ostia falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea one hundred Miles from its Fountains It had heretofore two Months The Southern is now stopped with the Porto or Haven which the Emperours made with vast expence The Northern Branch is not maintained without a considerable expence by the Pope at this day Tiberias an ancient City of Galilee in Palestine upon the Western Shoar of the Sea of its own name otherwise called the Lake of Genezareth Herod gave them both this name to flatter the Roman Emperour Tiberius Tickhall a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Strafford Ticou Ticum a City in the Island of Sumatra on the West side one hundred and eighty Miles from Malaca Long. 125. almost It has a large Haven subject to the King of Achem. Tideswal a Market Town in Derbyshire in the Hundred of High Peak Tidor one of the Molucco Islands Tienlique a small Kingdom included in Bisnagar in the East-Indies Tierache Teoracia Tirascia a Tract in Picardy in France between Hainault to the North Champagne to the East Vermandois to the West and Laonnois to the South The Chief Towns of which are la Fere Guise Marle and la Chapelle Tiferno Tifernus Phitâ—rnus a River in the Kingdom of Naples now called il Biferno also It ariseth in the County of Molise from the Apennine near Bojano and flowing Eastward watereth Guardia Alferes and at Termini a City in the Capitanato falls into the Adriatick Sea Tigre a Kingdom of Abyssinia in the Vpper Aethiopia of great extent It includes seventeen Provinces some with the Titles of Kingdoms Bannagasso lyes upon the North side of it next to Egypt Tigris a celebrated River in Asia now called by the Asiaticks Tigil One of the most rapid Rivers in the World from whence it has this Name It ariseth from the Gordian Mountains in the Greater Armenia above the Lake of Arethusa through which it flows towards the South separating Mesopotamia from Assyria In which passage it washeth Majafarequin Manuscute Merdin Mosul or Nineve and Bagdat Beneath which at Wasset it falls into the Euphrates having received some Branches of that River above Bagdat into its Sreams Monsieur Thevenot who sailed upon it observes that it is very crooked full of Islands and Banks of Stone The Emperour Trajan designed a Canal to joyn the Euphrates with it till he found the bed of the Euphrates much higher than that of the Tigris so that his Canal might render the Euphrates unnavigable This is the Hiddekel of Gen. 2. 14. Tiibury Tilaburgum a Town on the Thames in Essex famous for the Residence of S. Chad Bishop of the East-Angles when about 630. he Converted and Baptized that Nation Also for an Encampment here made by Qu. Elizabeths Order in 1588. when the Spanish Armado was expected Tilemont the same with Thienen Tileusont a Town in Brabant Pillaged by the French and Hollanders in 1635. Timavo Timavus a River of Friuli which arising from nine Fountains falls presently into the Adriatick Sea with a great Stream between Thieste to the East and the Mouth of Isonzo to the West after a Course of about three Miles Timerais Theodemerensis Ager a Tract in France which was a part of la Beausse and Chartres now taken into the Isle of France It lies between Normandy Chartres and la Perche but its Bounds are lost The Capital of it is Neufchastel Eighteen Leagues from Paris to the West and twenty from Orleans to the North. Tine Tinia a City of Bosnia by the Natives called Kerka upon a River of the last Name which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Spalato It is little and ill peopled being under the Turkish Slavery Twenty five Miles from Sebenico to the North and thirty five from Spalato Tine or Tyne the River See Tinmouth Tingmouth a very small naked and defenceless Town upon the British Sea Eastward of Torbay in Devonshire in the Hundred of Exmister burnt with some Vessels in the Port by a Detachment out of the French Fleet July 26. 1690 two days after the Anchorage of that Fleet in Torbay whither they came from the fight at Beachy July 22. and â—ailed away Aug. the 4th and 5th following being with their Gallies about one hundred and fifteen Sail. Tingoeses a Tribe or Hoard of Tartars towards the River Obb in the Asiatick Tartary subject to the Moscovites Tinmouth Tunnocellum Tinomuthum a considerable Sea-Port and Castle in the Borders of Northumberland and the Bishoprick of Durham upon the River Tyne which divides these two Counties and here falls into the German Sea having passed by Newcastle called from it New-Castle upon Tine In the Reign of William II. Robert Mowbray Earl of Northumberland trusting too much to the strength of this Castle was taken Prisoner by that Prince after a sharp Siege Tipasa an ancient City of Mauritania Caesariensis in Barbary which was a Bishops See made particularly famous in the year 484. when Cyrola a great Patriarch of the Arrians was its Bishop by Hunnericus King of the Vandals his cutting out the Tongues of all the Inhabitants that would not turn Arrians and the miracle thereupon said to ensue It is now but a Village near Algiers Called Saza Tipora a City and Kingdom in the Further East-Indies Bounded by Pegu and Arracan to the North and West Tipperary a County in the Province of Munster in Ireland called by the Irish Cuntae Thobruidearum by the English the County of Tipperary that is the Holy Cross Bounded on the East by Kilkenny on the West by Limerick on the South by Waterford and Cork and on the North by Gallway cut off from it by the Shannon The Principal Places in it are Cashel Caryck Clonmel Emeley and Castelan It is one of the Titles as a great part of it is the Possession of the Duke of Ormond Tirconnel or Tyrconnele Conalia a Castle and County in the Province of Vister in Ireland Bounded on the South West and North by the Vergivian Ocean and on the East by Tyrone and Colrane Also called the County of Dunghall The Country is Champain and full of Harbours It extends from North-East to South-West above eighty English Miles almost thirty five broad So that it seems to be one of the greatest Counties in Ireland But it has no considerable Place in it except Dunghall the River Dirgh and the Lake of Foyle separating it from the rest of Vlster Tiretaine a River
govern by the Sword Turquestan Some make this and the Kingdom of Thibet in the Asiatick Tartary to be the same Country Others describe it as a Province betwixt the Great Tartary and the Empire of the Mogul Tuver Tavera a City of Moscovy Tuxford a Market Town in Nottinghamshire in the Hundred of Southclay called commonly Tuxford upon Clay from the quality of the Soil it stands in Tuy Tude Tyde a City of Gallicia in Spain upon the River Minho six Leagues from its Mouth to the East twelve from Compostella and seventeen Bracara It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella but a small City Tweede Tuaesis Vedra Tueda a River which divides Scotland from England and falls into the German Ocean at Barwick Giving name to Tweedale a County in Scotland Tyana an ancient City of Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia at the foot of the Mountain Taurus famous for being the Birth-place of the Philosopher Apollonius called Tyanaeus from it It became in the Christian times an Archbishops See and in 365. a Council of the Oriental Bishops was celebrated at it Tyndaro Tyndarus a Town in the Island of Sicily in the Valley of Demone towards Petti which was formerly a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Syracusa But as Syracusa has been since reduced to a Bishoprick so has Tyndaro from a City become a Town Tyrconel See Tirconel Tyre Tyrus one of the most ancient and celebrated Cities of Palestine supposed to be older than the coming of the Children of Israel out of Egypt but certainly at the latest built in the year of the World 2693. two hundred and forty years before Solomon's Temple which is the account of Josephus It flourished and had the Trade of the whole Mediterranean Sea sent and settled its Colonies on all its Coasts as far as the Western Ocean yea as Britain and amongst the rest founded Carthage But when Jerusalem fell Tyre kept her company For Nebuchadnezzar took and burnt this City in the eighteenth year of his Reign Anno Mundi 3371. the year before he took Jerusalem Alexander the Great took and ruined it the second time after a Siege of seven Months in the year of the World 3618. Yet it recovered again and was in great repute during the Roman Empire and was an Archbishops See in the times of Christianity under the Patriarch of Antioch and afterwards of Jerusalem Adrian the Emperour having made it the Metropolis of Phoenicia About the year of Christ 641. after the Saracens had by a Siege of three years forced Caesarea to submit to them they became Masters of this City without resistance Damascus Antioch and Jerusalem being taken before Together with Jerusalem it returned under Christian Princes again about the year 1099. In 1111. the the Saracens in vain attempted the Recovery of it but in 1123. it was taken by them The Christians regained it and kept it till the year 1259. when the Tartars took it In 1263. the Venetians retook it In 1292. the Saracens finally prevailed and drove the Western Christians out of Syria This is now called Sour by the Turks and has some lovely Antiquities as Thevenot saith but no Inhabitants Long. 67. Lat. 33. 20. In the year 335. a Council here assembled by the order of Constantine the Great condemned Athanasius deprived him of his Bishoprick of Alexandria and banished him from that City In 448. Ibas Bishop of Edessa accused of Nestorianism was acquitted by a Council at Tyre and in 518. there was a third celebrated here Tyrnaw Tirnavia a small City in the Vpper Hungary in the County of Transchin upon a River of its own name called by the Germans Durn or Dyrne which has always been under the Emperour and is the common Residence of the Bishop of Gran being seated in his Diocese nine Miles from Comora to the North eight from Presburgh to the East and sixteen from Vienna Tyrone Tyronensis Comitatus the County of Tir-Oen or as the Irish call it of Thioroghain is in the Province of Vlster in the Kingdom of Ireland between the County of Antrim to the East London-Derry to the North and West and Fermanach and Armagh to the South There is no Town or City of any Note in this County which heretofore extended further to the West than now it doth a part of it being taken into the County of London-Derry Tzaconia the same with Laconia a Province of the Morea Tzebona a strong Town in Bohemia Tzorlich or Tzurulium or Ciarlo a City of Thrace which is a Bishops See almost in the middle between Constantinople and Adrianople Tzuconi a Kingdom of Japan V A. VAbres Vabrae Vabra Vabrincum Castrum Vabrense Vabrium a small City in Rovergue in France upon the River Dourdan at the foot of an Hill three Leagues from Rhodez to the South and four from the Borders of Languedoc Made a Bishops See in 1317. under the Archbishop of Bourges by Pope John XXII who converted its Benedictine Abbey into a Cathedral The Bishops enjoy the Title of Earls of Vabres Long. 23. 40. Lat. 33. 00. Vaferine or Vanferine a River of France which ariseth from the Valley of Chesieri in Bugey and separates the Territory of Michaille in that Province from Savoy then passeth by Bellegarde into the Rhone Vag Vagus a River of the Vpper Hungary which ariseth from the Carpathian Hills in the Borders of Poland and running North-West watereth Trenschin Freistadel Leopolstadt Schinta and Scheliz Between Comora and Presburgh falls from the North into the Danube Whilst Newheusel was in the hands of the Turks this was the Boundary on that side between the two Empires Vai Sabatium Vadum Vada Sabatia a Sea-Port on the Coast of Genoua five Miles from Savona to the North-West Vaison Vasio Forum Vocontiorum a City in Provence in the County of Venaissin upon the River Louveze and the ascent of a Hill four French Leagues from Orange to the North-East and ten from Avignon to the same It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Avignon In 337. a Council here assembled in the Reign of the Emperor Constantius received and added to the Gloria Petri the Verse following Sicut erat in principio c. In 442. and 529. we read of other Councils here Val des Choux a Priory in the Dukedom of Burgundy and the Diocese of Langres near Chastillon founded in 1197. It belongs to the Benedictines Val des Ecoliers an Abbey in the Diocese of Langres in France founded in 1212. by some Parisian Doctors for their retirement whose example drew the Scholars of the Vniversity of Paris in such numbers to the same life that their House was called the Scholars Valley and became the Head of a New Order Valckembourg a Town in the Dutchy of Limburgh in the Low-Countries two Leagues from Maestricht Taken by the French in 1676. and restored to the Spaniards in 1679. by the Treaty of Nimeguen The French call it Fanquemont § Also a small Town in the State
Champagne sixteen from Reims North and four from Marle South often mentioned on the account of a Peace here made between Henry IV. of France and Philip II. of Spain May 2. 1598. Uerâ—lam Verolamium an ancient Roman City and Colony mentioned by Tacitus and Ptolemy in Hartfondshire the Royal City of Cassibellanus a British Prince contemporary with Julius Caesar by whom this City was taken fifty two years before the Birth of our Saviour in his second Expedition into Britain In the year of Christ 66. it was taken and intirely ruined by Boadicia Queen of the Iceni and all the Romans put to the Sword yet it recovered again and flourished as long as the Romans continued in Britain and under Dioclesian had one famous Martyr called Albanus In 429 there was a British Synod held here by S. German Bishop of Auxerre in France against the Pelagians Soon after it fell into the Hands of the Saxons I suppose about 465. Retaken by Vthe Pendragon who began his Reign in 498. and Reigned eighteen years Again retaken by the Saxons and intirely ruined In 975. Offa King of the Mercians built on the other side the little River Ver which washed the Walls of it a goodly Monastery in Honour of S. Alban which after became a great Town K. James I. revived the Memory of this place when he made Sir Francis Bacon then Lord Chancellour of England Lord Verulam in 1620 who dying without Issue the Title failed but he yet honors the place by lying buried in a little Church near it Veruli or Veroli Verulum a City in Campania di Roma under the Dominion of the Pope which is a Bishops See and now in a tolerable condition upon the River Cosa forty eight Miles from Rome to the South and from Capua to the North sixty from Pescara West Vesere See Weser Vesle Vidula a River of Champagne which ariseth three Leagues from Chaalons to the East and watering Reims falls into the Aisne Vesoul Vesulum a small but neat City in the Franche Comté nine Leagues from Besanzon and thirteen from Beaucaire West Now in the Possession of the French Vesprin Vesprinum Vesprimium a City of the Lower Hungary called by the Inhabitants Vesprim by the Germans Weisbrun It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gran. The Capital of a County of the same name strong and populous and defended by a Castle Seated on the River Sarwize eleven German Miles from Gran South and five from Alba Regalis West This has been in the hands of the Emperour ever since 1565. Vesulus one of the Cottian Alpes betwixt Dauphine to the West and Piedmont to the East Now called Mont viso The River Po derives its head from it Vesuvius a Vulcanoe in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples eight Miles from the City Naples near the Castle of Somma from which last place the Italians give it the name of il Monte di Somma The particular times of its overflowing with stormes of fire are all recorded in History since our Saviour and the Reign of Augustus viz. in the years 81. 243. 421. 985. 973. 983. 1036. 1038. 1138. 1139. 1430. 1500. 1631 1660. 1682. Where the Intervals sometimes continue two or three hundred years at others not above one two and ten In its last rupture in 1682. Aug. 14. it covered the whole Dukedom of Massa adjacent with ashes of a nauseous odour and set on fire the wood of Otajano The twentieth it caused an Earthquake of three hours continuance which reached to Naples The twenty second it cast forth floods of smoak ashes coals attended with a roaring noise Flames Earthquake and Thunder the Flames ran from it unextinguished in the midst of vast storms of Rain filling Naples with Ashes And on the 24th it ended in a cloud of white ashes Before the Reign of Augustus we read of its ruptures five times The Elder Pliny was suffocated as he searched the causes thereof upon the place Veteravie See Weteraw Veuxin Vexin Velocasses a Territory in Normandy betwixt the Rivers Apte and Ardelle the Capital of which was Roan but now Gisors § There is another in the Isle of France of the same name between the Oyse and the Apte the Capital of which is Pontoise This for distinction is called Vexin Francois and the other Vexin Normand § There is a City of the same name in Gothland in the Kingdom of Sweden Vezelay Veseliacum Vizeliacum a City in the Dukedom of Burgundy in Auxerre upon the River Curez in the Borders of Nivernois ten Leagues from Auxerre to the South eighteen from Nevers to the South-East and five from Corbie in Picardy to which Province this City is now added P. Eugenius III. celebrated a Council here in 1145. for the recovery of the Holy Land Vgenti Vgento Vxentum a small City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples twenty Miles from Otranto to the North-West and eleven from Gallipoli to the East Long. 42. 28. Lat. 39. 56. Vgogh Vgoza a County in the Vpper Hungary towards the Tibiscus and the Borders of Transylvania The Capital of it is a Castle of the same name Two German Miles from Zatmar to the East and a little more from the Tibiscus W. Viana a City in Navarre upon the River Ebro thirteen Leagues from Pampelune and seven from Calahorra in Castile to the South-West Built by Sancius King of Navarre in 1219. In 1423. made a Principality by Charles III. and ever after given to the Prince of Navarre as his Title Viatka a City River and Province in Muscovy one hundred and twenty Miles from Cazan to the North. Viburg Viburgum a City in Sweden the Capital of Carelia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Riga one hundred and sixty Miles from Narva to the North upon the Bay of Finland on which it has a Haven and a strong Castle The Muscovites have several times in vain assaulted it Vicenza or Vincenza Vicentia Vicetia Vincentia a City in the States of Venice in Lombardy which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja a great strong City under the Republick of Venice upon the River Bachiglione Eighteen Miles from Padoua thirty from Verona East and from Feltria South Taken by Maximilian in 1509. Long. 33. 40. Lat. 44. 50. It was inhabited anciently by the Euganei The Gauls were Benefactors to it The Romans and the Lombards possessed it each in the times of their Power It fell to the Venetians not till after great revolutions and divers Wars The pleasantness of its situation gives it the Title of the Garden of Venice It is the Capital of the Territory of the Vincentine In 1583. and 1623. Synods were assembled here Vich Vicus Aquae Voconiae Ausa Nova Corbio a small City in Catalonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona Seated upon the River Tera twelve Leagues from Barcellone to the North and nine from Girone to the West In 1627. a Synod was
of Sevil Hispalis which were both re-conquered and added to Castile by Ferdinand II. in 1248. It is divided into two parts by the River Guadalquivir Betis and the chief City is Sevil. New Andalusia a Province of the Terra-firmâ— in America between Venezuela and Guiana The chief City of it is new Corduba They used to fish for Pearl upon those Coasts Anoanagar a City in the Kingdom of Decan in the East-Indies almost ruin'd Andance Andancia a small Town in Vivarets in Languedoc in France where the River Dome falls into the Rhosne Andarge a River arising in the Valleys of Vnsâ—an in France which falls into the Arron near Verneuill Andaye a Town in France upon the frontiers of Spain two Leagues from S. Jean de Luz Andeli Andelium Andeliacum a Town in Normandy upon the Seine Anthony of Bourbon King of Navarre and Father to Henry IV. dyed here of the Wounds he received at the Siege of Rouen Anâ—eâ—â—e a River of France arising hard by la Ferte which falls into the Seine at l'Arche Andelot a Town in Champagne in France upon the River Rougnâ—n of extraordinary Privileges Andemaâ—n the name of halt a dozen Islands in the Gulph of Ganges near the Kingdom of Pegu in the East-Indies Andera a City of Phrygia in Asia Minor Andernaâ— Antenacum a Town upon the Rhine in the Archbishoprick of Cologne Anderskaw or Andershouw a great Monastery heretofore now a strong Castle in the Island of Seeland in Denmark delicately built Here Frederick II. dyed in 1548. Andes called by some the Cordillera's is one of the vastest and highest Ridges of Mountains in the World they begin in the North part of the Kingdom of Peru and are continued from thence without any Interruption to the Streights of Magellan by the space of 1000 Spanish Leagues much of the same height and seldom above 20 30 or 40 Leagues from the Pacifick Ocean many of them burn perpetually towards Chili Andiatoroque a Lake of New France in America Andore a fruitful Valley of the Pyranees in Catalognia Andover is a Corporation in the North-west part of the County of Hampshire which sends Burgesses to Parliament and gives the Title of a Viscount to the Honorable Earls of Berkshire now in the Possession of Tho. Howard it is seated about 18 Miles from Southampton to the North-west Andra or Aâ—dra a River upon the Coast of Guinea in Africa Andragiri or Gudaviri a City and Kingdom in the Island of Sumatra in Asia almost under the Equinoctial Andres Androsia a City of Galatia near Engury mention'd by Ptolomy S. Andrews Andreapolis a City of Fife in the South of Scotland North of the Frith of Edenburgh upon the German Ocean into which it hath a fair Prospect and upon which it hath a large Haven The ancient name of this place was Regimund it hath an University erected by James I. An. Dom. 1426. It is also an Archbishops See erected by Pope Sixtus IV. An. 1471. instead of Aberneath The Archbishops of all Scotland were heretofore under the Archbishop of York till James III. of Scotland representing to the Pope that there were frequent Wars between England and Scotland obtain'd from the said Pope That the Archbishop of S. Andrew should be independent Primate of Scotland in the twelâ—th year of his Reign yet Innocentius VIII who immediatly succeeded him obliged this Primate and his Successors to observe the laudable Customs of the famous Metropolitan Church of Canterbury This City in 1651. not surrendring upon the first Summons to our English victorious Rebels was sin'd Five hundred Pounds but had it remitted upon shewing they were poor Scholars It is 38 Miles from Edenburgh to the North-east and 23 from Aberneath to the East it lies in Lon. 17. 28. Lat. 57. 46. Andro Andros Andria an Island in the Archipelago with a City of the same name which is an Episcopal See under Athens inhabited by Greeks Latins and Turks The Antients call this Island Cauros Lysia Nonagria and by several other names Androgynes an antient People of Africa composed they say of both Sexes their right Breast a Mans the left a Womans Pliny and Aristotle Androsen or Androsen Androsa a small Town in the County of Cunningham in Scotland upon the Western Shoar Anduze Andusa ad Gardonem a Town in Languedoc in France upon the River Gardon heretofore fortified demolished by Lewis XIII Anenas or Andenas an Island upon the Coast of Norway Southward Anet a Town in the Isle of France upon the River Eure adorn'd with a Castle of extraordinary Magnificence which was built in the Reign of Henry II. It gives the Title of a Principality to the Duke of Vendosme Angamala a City in the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies upon the River Aicot as likewise a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Goa till Pope Paul V. in 1609. changed it into the Archiepiscopal See of Cranganor and constituted that as Metrapolitan of the Christians of S. Thomas Angediva a small Island under the Portuguese in the Kingdom of Decan in the East-Indies Angeles Angelepolis or Puebla de los Angeles a City in a Province of the same name otherwise called Tlascala by the Indians in New Spain in America built in 1531. by the Spaniards who have established an Episcopal See in it under the Archbishop of Mexico Angermund vid. Tangermund Anger 's Juliomagus in Caesar Andes is the Head of the Dukedom of Anjou a large well built City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours It is Seated on the River Sarâ—re in a very good Air and is also an University founded by Lewis II. Duke of Anjou the Son of King John of France Anno 1388. This City is 26 Leagues from Tours towards the West and within 1 League of the Loire In 1685. Lewis XIV established by his Letters Patents an Academy here of Thirty ingenious Persons who are all to be born in the Province of Anjou under the Title of the Royal Academy of Anger 's The famous Berengarius was Arch-deacon here Angitia the antient name of Selva d'Albi a Forest between the City of Albi in Languedoc and the Lake Fucinus Anglesey Mona called by the Welch Mon or Tir-mon and Anglesey from the English after they conquered it it is compassed on all sides with the Irish Sea which separates it from the County of Carnarvan in Wales by so narrow a Channel that in some places it may be forded at low Water it is in compass sixty Miles making one of the Counties of Wales and the most fruitful This Island was the Seat of the Brittish Druides subdued for the Romans by Suetonius Paulinus in the Reign of Nero but he not being able to perfect the Conquest Julius Agricola his Successor did it effectually Edward I. brought it in Subjection to the Crown of England in 1282 till which time it was under the Kings of North-Wales The Right Honorable Arthur Annesly a great lover of Learning and Books was lately Earl of
this County Angola a Kingdom in Africa upon the South of the Kingdom of Congo Angote a City and Kingdom in the Upper Aethiopia Angoulesme Engolisma is an Episcopal City in Aquitaine in France under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux it stands upon the River Charme which falls into the Ocean right over against the Island of Orleron There is belonging to it also a Dukedom which is bounded upon the North with Poictou upon the East with Limosin upon the South with Pericort and upon the West with Xantogn This Dukedom is call'd by the name of Angoumois Angra the chief City of the Island of Tercera and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lisbon Anguien Enguien Angia a small City in Hainault between Mons and Brussels It has the Honor to give the Title of a Baron to the Princes of the House of Bourbon Anguilla is one of the Caribby Islands planted by the English it lies in 18 deg 21 min. Nor. Lat. and 330 of Longit. in length about 10 Leagues in breadth 3. formerly call'd Snake Island from its shape The Tobacco of this Island is well esteemed Anguillara a Town and Lake in the Padouan in the States of Venice § Also a Town in the States of the Church upon the Lake of Bracciano Anhalt a City almost ruin'd and a Principality but little considerable in the Upper Saxony in Germany watered by the River Sala The House of Anhalt has possessed the Electorates of Brandenburgh and Saxony for several Ages Anian a Streight supposed to be between Asia and America but could never yet be discovered where or whether there be any such Passage or no It is thought to lie North of China and Japan and to disjoyn the Eastern part of Asia from the Western part of America Anianâ—u a City in the Province of Chuqnami in China Aniava Aniwa a Promontory discovered by the Hollanders in the Terra de Jesso to the North of Japan Anigre Anigrus a River of the Morea Animacha a River arising in the Kingdom of Callecutt in the East-Indies which falls into the Ocean six Leagues off Cranagor giving its Name to a Town in its way Anjou Andegavia is one of the noblest Dukedoms of France bounded on the East with La Beausse on the West with Britain and part of Poictou on the South in part by Berry and in part by Poictou in which Circumference are included Anjou Tourein and Maine This Country is for the most part very fruitful and pleasant especially in Tourein and along the Loire Anjou properly so call'd is seated between Tourein and Maine and was so call'd from the Andegavi the old Inhabitants of it Henry II. King of England was Earl of Anjou by Inheritance from his Father as he was K. of England by Maud his Mother Daughter to Henry I. King John his Son lost it and ever since it has been annexed to the Crown of France or given to the younger Sons of that Royal Family Anna. See Ana. The Name also of a Town upon the River Astan in Arabia deserta Annaberg a City of Misnia in Germany upon the River Schop near Marienberg Annacious Annacieugi a People of Brasil in America towards Porto Seguro Annagh a Town in the County of Cavan in Vlster in Ireland § Another in the County of Down Anneci Annecium a neat City in Savoy with a Castle It is the Capital of the Dukedom of Geneva seated upon a Lake of the same name where the River Tioud issueth out of the Lake at the foot of the Mountain Saymenoz heretofore greater but now it is little and not well inhabited tho the See of the Bishops of Geneva has been translated thither above 100 years In this place resteth the Body of S. Francis de Sales who was Bishop and Prince of Geneva near the time of the Reformation of Calvâ—â— This City is 6 Leagues from Geneva South Annibi a Lake of North Tartary in Asia where there are Mountains of the same name Annobon an Island upon the Coast of Guiney 10 Leagues in circuit towards the Isle of S. Thomas The Portuguese gave it that name because they discovered it upon a New-Years Day Annonay Annonaeum Annoniacum a City with the Title of a Marquisate in the Province of Vivarets in France upon the River Deume Anone Anonium or Roque de Non a Town in the Milanese in Italy upon the River Tanaâ—â— almost ruin'd Anossi Carcanossi Androbeizaba a Province of the Isle of Madagascar There are some Colonies of French in it Anot a small City of Provence in France Anoth one of the Scilly Islands Anpadore Cataractus a River of Candia Ansa a River in the Province of Friuli in Italy It passes by Aqueleia to the Adriatique Ocean Anse a small City in the Province of Lyennois in France 4 Leagues from Lyons Made a Roman Garrison in the time of Augustus who gave it the name of Antium Ansene Angria a small City in Aegypt 20 Leagues from Cairo near the Nile Ansianactes a People of the Western part of the Isle of Madagascar Ansiquains Ansicani a People of Abyssinia commended for their Fidelity and Honesty Anslo or Opslo Anslooa a City of the Province of Aggerhuys in Norway with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim seated upon a Bay of the same name 35 Miles from the Baltick Sea Northward it has a Castle near it call'd Aggerhuslo This City was miserably ruin'd by Fire in the Reign of Christian IV. who rebuilt it in Anno 1614. and call'd it Christianstad from his own Name In this City were celebrated the Nuptials of James I. King of England with the Lady Ann Daughter of Frederick II. King of Denmark Novemb 23. 1589. It stands 56 German Miles from Stockholme Weâ—t Anspach See Onspach Antavares a People on the South part of the Isle of Madagascar The French had settled themselves amongst them and were afterwards Massacred by them Ante Anta a River in Normandy which washeth the Town of Failaise and 3 Leagues lower falls into the Dive which last falls into the British Sea 4 Leagues East of Caen. Ante Anta a small Town and Port in Guiny in Africa 3 Leagues from the Cape of Three Heads East Antego one of the Caribby Islands plac'd in 16 d. 11. â— of Northern Lat. and 339 of Long. inhabited by the English for some years and is about 6 or 7 Leagues in length and breadth difficult of Access and not much stor'd with Springs which the Inhabitants supply by Ponds and Cisterns Antequera a small ill built City of New Spain in America 80 Leagues from Mexico which in 1535. was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico by Pope Paul III. § Also a small Town in the Kingdom of Granada in Old Spain Antessa Antissa an antient City in the Island of Lesbos which was heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mitylene Ovid speaks of it as also the antient Geographers under the notion of its being it self an Island in
Aquisgrane this and the Territory belonging to it was yielded to them but by the Treaty of Nimeguen in 1679. it returned under the Spanish Dominion In this place in 1357. there was a League concluded between Venceslaus Duke of Brabant and Lewis Earl of Flanders Athens Athenae one of the most antient and most noble Cities of Greece the Capital of Attica Built by Cecrops an Aegyptian A. M. 2350. according to Helvicus in 2390. the last of which Accounts precedes the going up of the Children of Israel out of Egypt 64 years It was governed by Kings to the Death of Codrus A. M. 2882. under Archons for Life till 3190. after which it had Archons for ten years till the year of the World 3268. when it became a perfect Republick and had never more any rest or peace till it fell into the hands of the Kings of Macedonia first and afterwards of the Romans About 3430. Xerxes invading Greece the Athenians burnt their own City and sent their Wives and Children into the Islands of the Mediterranean prevailing afterwards against that great Prince they built the City much more gloriously than before The Reputation they gain'd in this War made them great at home amongst their Neighbors till growing proud and injurious their Neighbors became their Enemies so that they fell into the Hands of the Lacedemonians who ruin'd their Walls A. M. 3546. They recovered their Liberty but not their Reputation and in 3613. they fell into the hands of Philip the Father of Alexander the Great who by being made the General of a Holy War became the the Sovereign of all Greece The Romans conquering Perseus the last King of Macedonia A. M. 3782. they became in some sort the Subjects of that Empire yet under the Romans they had a shadow of Liberty till the Mithridatick War when being over-persuaded by Aristion an Epicurean Philosopher they incensed the Roman Powers against them and Sylla in the year of the World 3863. 86 years before the Birth of our Saviour by a Siege reduced them to the necessity of eating Man's Flesh and took the City by storm in the Night This was the Evening of all their Dominion Glory and Liberty But in this Interval between their becoming a free and a subject People they raised themselves to a greater degree of Glory by Learning than ever they could have required by Arms without it Solon who lived a little before the Babylonian Captivity and became the Athenian Legislator about the 3359th year of the World laid the Foundations of this which Socrates Plato Aristotle Xenophon Thucydides Demosthenes Isocrates and the rest that followed raised to such an height that Athens was truly more the Mistress of the World on the account of Arts than ever Rome was on the score of her Arms and tho both their times are past yet Athens being Dead speaketh still in her Philosophers Orators and Historians To pursue her Fate she rose out of her Ashes after the Syllian Ruin by the favour of the Romans and flourished till Alaricus the Goth laid her in the Dust under the Reign of Valens about the year of Christ 378. She recovered again under Theodosius Arcadius and Justinian Eudocia the Queen of Theodosius II. being an Athenian by Birth as Irene the Lady of Leo IV. also was About 1435. Antonius Comnenus Acciajolus was Duke of Athens about 20 years after she fell the second time into the hands of the Turks being taken by Mahomet II. since which last Captivity not only her Flesh but her Skin is wasted and she is become a Skeliton An. 1687. the Venetians having taken Napoli di Romania in the Morea arrived at Port Lione that is the Harbor of this Town formerly called Pyraeus September 21. with the Fleet commanded by General Morosini the Greeks immediately sent their Deputies with the Tenders of their Submission to him The Turkish Garrison being about 600 Men retired to the Castle to make some resistance but were forced to surrender in two or three days after the Besiegers began to play their Batteries tho the Castle was strong seated upon the old Acropolis with Precipices on three sides of it a Wall on the other and 20 Pieces of Canon within About 300 Souls embraced the Christian Religion with the Christian Government The famous Temple of Minerva being made a Magazine for Amunition was set on fire by a Bomb that fell among the Stores in the Attack Some Remains of Lycurgus's Tower of Phidias and Praxiteles's curious Works are yet to be seen And the Athenians excelling all others throughout those Countries in Merchandise and Crafts may be thought to retain some Seeds of their former Politeness still To this City St. Paul Preached the Gospel of Christ and the Resurrection as we read Act. 17. Publius and Quatratus were Bishops of it under the Emperor Adrian the former suffered Martyrdom in the Year 123 and animated great numbers of Athenians by his death to embrace the like with courage and joy The latter together with Aristides presented that Emperour at his coming hither in the Year 126 with an excellent Apology for Christianity Since advanced to an Archbishoprick They reckon about 10000 Inhabitants most Christians in it who have â—oo Churches and divers other Chappels according to the Rites and Customs of the Graecians Now call'd Setino lying in Long. 50. 12. Lat. 38. 51. Athenree or Atherit a City and Barony in the County of Galloway in the Province of Connaught in Ireland More rich and more considerable formerly than now Atherston a Market-Town in Warwick-shire near the River Anker in the Hundred of Hemlingford Athlone Athlona Atlonâ—a is a small Town in the County of Rosecomen in the Province of Connaught in Ireland in the Confines of Leinster seated upon the River Shannon where it comes out of the Lake of Lough Ree 16 Irish Miles from Longford South This Place was the Refuge of the Rebels in the Irish Rebellion who fled thither from Kilkenny in 1650. being pressed upon by other Rebels where they had not much rest the Town being taken by Hewson in 1651. The Strength of it lies in the Castle whither when Douglas with 10 Regiments of Foot and 4 of Horse of the Forces of King William arrived in order to a Siege about the middle of July 1690. the Irish retired burning the Town and breaking the Bridge And at the last he was forced to leave it in their possession But it could not withstand the Army of General Ginckle the year after Athol Atholia is a small County or Earldom in the heart of Scotland between the Mountain Grampus on the West and the Sherifdom of Pertb on the East in which riseth the River Tau the greatest River in all Scotland This County is remarkable for nothing but its Earls which have been great men both in England and Scotland Athos See Agion Oros. Atlantides an antient name given to the People that dwelt about Mount Atlas in Africa Atlas See Aiducal Atri Atria
Adria and Hadria a City of Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples where Hadrian the Emperour was born This is an independent Bishoprick subject to no Archbishop instituted by Innocent IV. Anno Chr. 1252. The City is built upon a high Hill within 4 Miles of the Adriatick Sea and tho it has few Inhabitants yet it has the Honor of giving the Title of a Duke to the Family of the Aquaviva's It stands 10 Leagues from Pinna to the North and 15 from Theate East it lies in 38. 18. Long. 42. 51. Lat. § There is another Town belonging to the Venetians of the same Name but almost swallowed up by the Sea Attica Cecropia a Province of the antient Achaia in Greece upon the Aegean Sea now call'd the Dutchy of Athens from its Capital City It was divided in those times first into 10 then into 13 Tribes Each Tribe assumed its denomination from some or other Hero of the Country and was made to contain a certain number of Towns and Villages amounting in the whole to 174 being then as populous a Region as Holland now It extended its Dominion almost over all the Isles of the Archipelago had Mines of Silver within its Mountains and each Tribe furnish'd 50 Persons a peice to be the Judges of the Politie at Athens Attigny Attiniacum a Town in the Province of Champagne in the Dukedom of Reimes upon the River Aisne Axona 11 Miles from Reimes to the South-East in which Chilperiâ—us King of France died Anno. Christ 72â— Lewis the Debonnaire King of France and Emperour did Pennâ—nce and made a publick Confession of his Crimes before a Council here Assembled in 822. Attleborough a Market-Town in Norfolk in the Hundred of Shropham Ava or Aba a Kingdom City and River in the Terra-firma of the Indies between the States of Siam and Arachan § Also a Province and Town of the Isle of Xicoco belonging to Japan Availle Avallensis Comitatus a Territory in Aquitaine in the Province of Limofin in France Avalon Aballo a Town in Burgundy in France upon the River Cousin betwixt Auxerre and Autuâ— with a good Castle Avalon Avalonia Aveland is an Island in Somersetshire in which Glastenbury stands It gives the Title of a Viscount to the Family of the Mordants Avanches See Wiflisbourg Avares a Barbarian People of Scythia who took part with the Huns and Ravaged the Empire on either side the Danube in the sixth Century Avaux a County in Champagne in France in the Neighbourhood of Rheims giving its Title to the House of Memes Charlemaigne defeated the Normans here in 882. Aubanne Aubanca Albinia a Town and Barony in Provence in France Aube Alba a River of France which riseth in the Borders of Bnrgundy and flowing through the Province of Champagne watereth Bar after which being encreased with some additional Rivers it falls into the Seyne Sequana at Pont sur Seyne Aubenas Albenacum a Town in the Province of Vivarets in France upon the River Ardesche Aubrac a famous Rich Hospital in the Diocese of Rodes in Aquitain in France Auburne a Market-Town in Wiltshire in the Hundred of Ramsbury Aubusson a Town in the Province of Auvergne in France The Ruins of the Castle here shew the Grandeur of the Family of this Name who are the Lords of the place Aude Atax a River of Languedoc in France It takes its source from the Pyranees in the County of Rosillon and falls into the Mediterranean near Narbonne Avein Aveinum a Village in Luxembourg made famous by a great Victory obtained by the French against the Spaniards anno 1635. It is scarce 2 Leagues distant from S Huberts to the North. Aveira Lavara a Town in Portugal near the Mouth of the River Vouga in the Province of Beira Aveiro Averonius a River in the Province of Rovergue in France It rises in the Territory of Sovorac passes to Rhodez St. Anthonin Bourniquet Negrepelisse and having entertain'd the streams of several Rivers in the way delivers itself into the Tarn at Pointe d'Aveiron Avella a Town and Marquisate in the Terra di Lavoro in Italy 4 Miles from Nola and 15 from Naples not considerable Avellino Abellinum a City with the Title of a Principality in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples it 's a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento Avenay Avenoeum a small Town in Champagne in France 4 Leagues from Rheims near the River Marne Avenmore Dabrona the Broad Water a River in the Province of Munster in Ireland it arises near the Earldom of Desmond and running East it takes in several other Rivers and having washed the Town of Lâ—smore it falls into the Ocean at Youghal where it maketh a Haven about 20 Miles West of Waterford Haven Averno Avernus Aernus a deep Lake surrounded with Mountains and a Wood in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples near to Baja and Cuma The Vapours it sends forth are very corrupt and noxious which made the Poets represent it as one of the Mouthe of Hell Nero attempted to make a Navigable Canal from hence to the Disembogure of the Tiber but the Mountains and Soil rendred it impracticable To the West of it there is a Cave struck out of a Mountain where they formerly consulted an Oracle and it s supposed the same Cave was the Grotto of the Sibylla Cumana Averâ—a a City and a Bishops See in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples Built in the Eleventh Century upon the Foundations as some believe of the antient Atella and Fortifi'd with a noble Castle It carries the Title of an Earldom too together with this Episcopal See they have united that of Atella and Cuma Avesnes Avennae a Town of Haynaut little but famous and well Fortifi'd standing upon a small River which falls into the Sambre This Town stands 4 Miles South of Maubeuge 8 from Mons. It was yielded to the French by the Pyrenean Treaty An. 1659. Avesnes le Comte a small French Town in the Province of Artois in the Borders of Picardy Augarras Indians of Brasil in America in the Province of Puerto Seguro Auge a County in Normandy Augatow Augustavia a New Town in Poland upon the River Brebetz on the Borders of Lithuania betwixt Bielsko and Grodno Avigliano Aviliana a small Town in Piedmont upon the River Duria 20 Miles from Turin to the West This River is call'd Grana in the late Maps It stands on a Hill and has a ruin'd Castle Avignon Avenio a City of Provence in France upon the Rhone it is an Archbishops See a large well built Place and very much famed for having been the usual Residence of the Popes from 1306. by the Grant of Joan Queen of Naples and Countess of Provence to Clement V. to 1378. In which time died here John II. in 1334. Benedict XII in 1341. Clement VI. in 1352. Innocent VI in 1361. and Vrbanus V. in 1370. This City is an University and had once a Stone Bridge which is now decayed
first to appear to the Blessed Virgin after his Resurrection called the Chappel of the Apparition the Rock out of which his Sepulchre was hewn and the Tomb itself illuminated with 62 Lamps that burn continually Here are the Tombs of Godfrey of Bouillon the first King of Jerusalem and Baldwin I. his Brother who succeeded him in that Crown Calvi Cales a small City in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples 6 Miles North of Capoua which tho it has not much above 20 Houses is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capoua It withstood a Siege against the French and Turks in 1555. the Antients called it Cales § a Town in the Island of Corsica with a Port and a considerable Fortress to the Gulph of the same name under the Genouese Calydon an antient City of Aetolia in Greece sometime adorned with an Episcopal See and the Title of the Capital of the Country giving Name to a Forest therein § Also the antient Appellation of a part of Scotland towards the County of Perth in which Dunkeld stands see Dunkeld The same continuing to the Northern Sea to this Day Calydoni a little Castle in the Vicentine in Italy whence a Noble Family of Vicenza derives their Name Calzada Calciata a small City in old Castile in Spain once a Bishops See which is now removed to Calahorra from whence it lies 12 Spanish Leagues to the West It is sometimes called S. Domingo de la Calzada from the great Devotion of People to S. Dominick there Henry II. King of Castile dyed here in the year 1379. Calzan Calzun the Arabian Gulph Camala Emisa See Hama Camarina an antient Town of the Island of Sicily built in the year of Rome 150. according to Eusebius and long since ruined leaving only its name to a River in the same Island It s situation near the purulent Lake of Camerina obliging the Inhabitants to drain that Lake up whereby the Enemy obtained a Passage to take the Town occasioned the known Proverb Camarinam movere Camb or Kamp Cambus a River of the Upper Austria in Germany springing towards the Frontiers of Bohemia and ending in the Danube Cambaia the Capital of the Kingdom of Guzurat and a noble Port lying in a very great Bay of the same Name now subject to the great Mogul the City lies in Long 105. Lat. 22. 30. and is one of the greatest the richest the best traded Cities in the East-Indies seated in a fruitful Soil and full of People commonly called the Cairo of the Indies whence the Kingdom of Guzerate is often named the Kingdom of Cambaia It is walled with a fair Wall of Free-stone hath very large Houses straight and broad Streets greater than Surat being ten Leagues in compass and hath 3 Basars or Market places and 4 noble Tanks or Cisterns able to find the Inhabitants Water all the year tho there is 7 fathom Water in the Haven at high water yet at low water the Ships lie dry in the Sand and Mud which cover the bottom of it The Inhabitants are partly Heathens partly Mahometans And in 1638. the English had here a Factory as Mandelslo acquaints us from whom the latter part of this Description is taken Cambala a City in China See Peking some represent it to be 24 Italian Miles in compass Cambalu is the Mascovian and Saracen Name for it Peking the Indian Cambaya Camboya or Camboge a Kingdom in the East-Indies over against the Isle of Borneo bounded on the West with the Kingdom of Siam and on the East with that of Cochin It is Tributary to the King of Siam This Kingdom is almost equally divided by a vast River which in July and August overflows all the Country as the Nile doth Egypt The King of it is a great Friend to the Portuguese as he of Siam is to the Dutch Upon the most Eastern Branch for there are 3 of the River mentioned before stands Cambodia the principal City built upon a rising Ground to prevent the yearly Deluges This Kingdom is extream fruitful but not potent the King not being able to bring above 25 or 30000 Men into the Field first discoverd by Alphonso d'Albuquerque in 1511. as Mandelslo saith Cambodia lies in Long. 135. 00. Lat. 10 35. Cambray Cameracum called by the Flandrians Camerick a City of Hainault upon the Schold Guicciardin saith it is a great fair strong City and has a strong Castle built by Charles V. That it abounds in excellent publick Buildings especially the Cathedral is very great and beautiful that it is populous and rich and was a very antient Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Rhemes but in 1559. exempted by Pope Paul IV. and erected into an Archbishoprick The first place the French possessed themselves of after they came out of Germany in 1445. After this it became an Imperial City and continued so till Charles V. in 1543. built a Cittadel in it and annexed it to his own Dominions The French who all along pretended a Right to it at last in 1677. took it by force after a sharp defence The Archbishops are honored with the style of Dukes of Cambray Earls of Cambresis and Princes of the Empire Cambresis is a considerable Territory betwixt Picardy Flanders Artois and Hainault extreamly fruitful and adorned with a Castle of its own Name in which Henry II. of France and the King of Spain Celebrated that Treaty of Peace in 1559. which the French say was most disadvantageous to them It lies 4 Leagues from Doway South in Long. 26. 06. Lat. 49 45. Cambria the antient Name of the Principality of Wales more especially of the Western part thereof towards Ireland Cambridgeshire hath on the East Suffolk and Norfolk on the West Huntington and Bedford on the South Hartford and on the North Lincolnshire the River Ouse divides it almost in the midst Towards the South end of the County lies the Town which gives it its Name Mr. Camden saith it is called Camboritum being seated upon the East Bank of the River Cam which is here passed by a Bridge This is one of the antientest and noblest Universities in Christendom having 16 Colleges and Halls endowed or Nurseries in it of Piety and Learning the most antient of which is Peter House founded in 1257. by Hugh Balsham a Sub-Prior before which time there was only Hostels wherein the Scholars maintained themselves This place sends 4 Burgesses to the Parliament 2 for the Town and 2 for the University It has been dignified with the Title of an Earldom in several eminent Persons and lately of a Dukedom in 4 Sons of King James II. when Duke of York who all dyed very young Long. 21. 49. Lat. 52. 30. § The English have given the Name of Cambridge to a Town in New England also situated upon the River Merrimick and beautified with several fair Streets besides 2 Colleges in which they aim at the Figure of an University Camelford a Market-Town in the County of Cornwal in
the Hundred of Lesnewth Camerino Camerinum an Episcopal City in the Marca Anconitana in the Dominions of the Church Seated at the foot of the Apennine upon the River Chiento which entereth the Adriatick Sea 25 Miles South of Ancona This was a considerable place in the time of the antient Romans and has sometime since born the Title of a Dukedom Leander gives it a strong Situation and plenty of People which last is rarely found in these Italian inland Cities He says also there was another Town of this Name in Campagnia di Roma which they call now Camerota It lies 24 Miles East of Spoleto Long. 36. 43. Lat. 42. 47. Camin Caminum a small City in the further Pomerania which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnisen whereas heretofore it belonged to Magdeburg It stands on the Eastern Shoar of the River Diwenow Odera over against the Island of Wolinsche not above a Mile from the Baltick Sea and about 7 from Stetin to the North. This belongs to the Duke of Brandenburgh by the Treaty of Westphalia and has imbraced the Augustan Confession Long. 39. 30. Lat. 54 12. Caminiec See Kaminieck Campagnano Campaniano Acheron a River of the Province of Calabria flowing from the Apennine and falling into the Tyrrhenian Sea about 8 Miles South of Amantea over against Stromboli a flaming Mountain in an Island of that Name Campagna a City of the Kingdom of Naples in the Principato which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Conza with the Title of a Marquisate It stands between the Rivers of Atro and Tuza 16 Miles from Salerno to the East and 11 from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the East also Campagnia di Roma a Province of Italy under the Dominion of the Pope on the West it has S. Peters Patrimony on the North Sabina on the South the Mediterranean Sea and on the East the Kingdom of Naples Rome itself stands in this Province and it contains the far greatest part of the antient Latium the inland parts are fruitful and populous those towards the Sea are little inhabited by reason of the unwholsomness of the Air tho otherwise the Country is plain and fruitful enough Campanir Astacapra a City of the hither East-Indies Campden a Market-Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Kistgate the Earl of Gainesborough Viscount Campden has a Seat here Campen Campania a Town in Stiria § There is another of the same Name in Over-Yssel in the Low Countries upon the Western Banks of the Yssel near the Zuider Zee 5 Miles from Daventer to the North-East It was heretofore an Imperial free City but long since exempted and under the States General In 1672. taken by the French and the year following deserted It is a great lovely and important place and was the Birthplace of Albertus Pighius a very learned Man Long. 27. 14. Lat. 52. 42. Campiano a small Town in the State of the Valley of Taro in Italy near the River Taro. It is an important Pass and therefore carefully fortified by the Duke of Parma Campeach a City belonging to the Spaniards in the West-Indies taken by Captain Mynnes an English Man in 1662 being deserted by the Inhabitants The English took here 50 peices of Canon 14 Ships and the Governor Prisoner Campus Piorum a celebrated place in the Island of Sicily near Catania so called from the 2 Brothers Amphinomus and Anapus that carried their Father and Mother upon their Shoulders hither out of the flames of Aetna Val. Max. Cana a Town in the Tribe of Zabulon in Galilee in the Holy Land heretofore famous for the first Miracle of our Saviours operation on Earth at the Marriage of Simon Zelotes according to Nâ—cephorus Calixtus or of S. John the Evangelist according to others Now a poor Village inhabited by none but Turks For the Church which Helena the Mother of Constantine built in the place of that House where our Saviour celebrated the Marriage has been long since converted into a Mosque Nathanael was an Inhabitant of this Town Canada New France a large Country in the North America discovered first by the French and by them inhabited It lies North of New-England Quebec is the chief Colony of it The Savages speak different Languages and here as in other parts of America they have a custom to eat their Enemies taken in War a fate that particularly befel John Verrazan a Florentine who first took possession of this Country in the name of Francis I. King of France in 1525. There is a very great River of the same Country already known to run 500 Leagues full of large Islands and about 30 Leagues broad at the mouth called Canada by the Natives by the French S. Lawrence from their entrance into it upon that day The Saguenay and the Three Rivers fall into its Channel from the North. Cananor a Kingdom in the Promontory of Malabar on this side the Ganges in the East-Indies abutting upon the River Gangerocora 25 Leagues in length along the Coast with a City of the same Name sometime since taken by the Hollanders The Islands of Divandurou and Malicut amongst the Maldives are subject to this King Canara a Kingdom on this side the Gulph of Bengala in the East-Indies in the Promontory of Malabar separated from the Kingdom of Malabar to the South by the River Gangerocora and from that of Cuncan to the North by the River Aliga It is Tributary to the Great Mogul by some called Tulamar and at perpetual Enmity with the Kingdom of Malabar Canary Isles Canariae are 7 Islands over against the Coast of Lybia Interior so called from Canaria the principal of the number in which the Spanish Governor resides being about 20 Leagues in circuit and ennobled with a large handsom populous City of the same Name which is an Episcopal See These were called by the Antients the Fortunate Islands in general but their particular Names are Canaria Teneriff the Isle of Palmes the Isle of Iron Fuerte-Ventura Gomera and Lancelote and because a great number of Dogs was found in them in antient times therefore says Pliny they had all the Name of the Canaries In one of these the first Meridian is usually fixed viz. Teneriff They are are much frequented for their excellent Wines and Merchandises by the English and other Nations After the knowledg of them had been lost for many Ages they were first discovered again in 1330. Vid. Azores About the year 1344. Lewis de la Cerda Grandson to Alphonsus X. King of Castile and Earl of Clermont undertaking the Conquest of them thereby to introduce the Christian Faith was Crowned King of the Canaries by Pope Clement VI. He in his design failing they were afterwards granted to John Betancourt according as it is already remarked under the Word Azores Canathus a Fountain in the Morea in the Province of Napoli di Romania celebrated by the antient Poets for a Fiction of Juno's washing herself every year therein to
the French in 1673. but now return'd under its former Master Ham a City in Picardy in France in Vermandois upon the River Some four Leagues from S. Quintin to the South-West and sixteen from Amiens to the East Haman Hama Emisa Apamea a City of Syria called vulgarly Hems. It is an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch upon the River Orontes now called Farfar between Arethusa to the North and Laodicea to the South about forty three Miles from Damascus to the North eighty from Antioch and thirty from Aleppo Our later Maps make Haman and Hemz two several places Apamea and Emisa are by Baudrand made several Cities Vid. Hemz Hamay or Haimage a Town and Monastery in Flanders Hamburgh Gambrivii Hamburgum Treva is one of the most celebrated Cities and Sea-Ports of Germany seated in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Holstein upon the River Elbe yet an Imperial Free City not subject to any Prince and one of the Principal Hanse-Towns in Germany Heretofore it was dignified with an Archbishops See but the Chair was removed to Bremen in 830. by Ansgarius the Bishop with the Consent of Lewis the Emperour This City is placed in the Territory of Stormaren eighteen German Miles from the German Ocean which yet Tides up to it fifteen from Bremen to the North ten from Lubeck to the South and seven from Stade to the East Very strongly fortified rich populous and in a growing condition It has its Name from one Hâ—mmion a great Man its Benefactor Charles the Great erected it against the Danes in 809 Heridagus was the first Ansgarius the second and last Archbishop of it Subject to Albion Prince of the North Elbingers in the beginning afterwards to Herman Billengen Son of Otto the First Duke of the Lower Saxony and to his Son Bennâ—s after him in whom this Line ended Adolphus Count of Schawenburg in 1137. governed this City and Holstein for Lotharius Duke of Saxony Adolphus III. granted it many and great Privileges for Money â—â— which were confirmed by Frederick Barbarossa the Emperour In his absence in the East Henry the Lion ruin'd it but Adolphus upon his return recovered and rebuilt it he did not long survive being slain in Battel in 1203. by Waldemarus Duke of Sleswick Brother of Canutus King of Denmark Canutus gave this City to Albertus Duke of Orlamand who sold his Right which Sale was confirmed by Adolphus the third Duke of Holstein and ever since the City has been a Free State though the Dukes of Holstein still pretend a Right and Title to it Frederick II. in 1579. had a Controversie with it which was ended by the payment of Money It embraced the Lutheran Confession at the first Publication of it yet it tolerates the Caâ—oinists and gave shelter to the English in the Reign of Queen Mary who in 1554. fled hither In 1686. the present King of Denmark suddenly sat down before it with an Army of thirty thousand Men but the Winter coming on and the Neighbour Princes espousing their Cause and sending them Forces into the City he was forced to retire those within on whom he relied being discovered and afterwards Tryed and Executed They think themselves obliged hereby to be very jealous of all the motions of that King to whom they declare their firm Resolutions to maintain to the uttermost all their Privileges and Immunities whatsoever There is hardly in the World a finer City nor a larger and safer Port than this it is said to have done Homage to Christian III. as Duke of Holstein in 1604. Hamel a Town near Corbie upon a River that falls into the Some in Picardy Hamelen Hamala Hamelia a City of Germany in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Brunswick between Hildesheim to the East and Paderborne to the West upon the Visurgis Weser which parts this Dukedom from Westphalia and beneath Bremen falls into the German Ocean It stands twenty Miles from Bremen to the South-East fourteen from Brunswick to the South-West twenty six from Hamburgh to the South and twenty three from Fuld to the North. This City belongs to the Bishop of Hildesheim and the Earl of Lippe was heretofore under the Abbot of Fuld before Albert Duke of Brunswick received it into his Protection which in time turned from a Protectory to a Sovereign Jurisdiction as is usual It is now under the Duke of Brunswick Hannouer Near this Place the Austrians received a fatal Overthrow from the Suedes and Lunenburgers at the Castle of Ottendorp in 1633. Hamiltown a Castle in the County of Cluydsdale in Scotland upon the Cluyd or Glotta above Bothwel ten English Miles from Glascow to the South and thirty five from Edenburgh to the West which gives the Title of a Duke to one of the best Families in Scotland in whose Possession it is Hammeren Hammaria a City of Norway which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim in the Province of Aggerhuis in the Confines of Dalecarlia a Province of Sweden very small It stands thirty Swedish Miles from Bergen to the East and twenty from Anslo Ansloga to the North. This Bishoprick is united to that of Anslo Hampton-Court a Noble Country House belonging to the King of England in Middlesex ten Miles from London on the Thames built by Cardinal Woolsey in the Reign of Henry VIII who also built White-Hall the common Residence of our Kings ever since Hamsa See Haman Hanaw Hanovia a strong Town in Franconia in Germany upon the River Kinâ—z which a little lower falls into the Mayne between Franckfort to the West and Aschaffenburg to the East three Miles from either and ten from Marpurg to the South This City has suffered very much in the late Swedish and German Wars Hani Ecbatana a great City in the Kingdom of Persia the Capital of the Medes and a Regal City mentioned by Pliny Strabo and Ptolemy Said to be built by Arphaxad now supposed to be Tauris See Tauris Hannonia See Hainault Hannover Hannower Hannovera Hanouer a German City in the Dukedom of Brunswick in the Territory of Calemberg upon the River Leina Leine which falls into the Weser beneath Ferden four Miles above Bremen from which last Hannover stands sixteen Miles to the South-West five from Hildesheim to the North-West and six from Brunswick to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but afterwards exempted It s Prince who is of the House of Brunswick possesseth one half of the Dukedom of Brunswick with the Territory of Calemberg and Grubenhagen and has under him Hannover Hamelen Gottingen Newstad and Limbeck This City is very well fortified The present Duke John Frederick is a Roman Catholick younger Brother to the Duke of Zell But the City of Hannover was one of those which entered the Smalcaldick League as appeareth in Sleidan And therefore I suppose the People are generally of the Reformed Religion Hantshire Hantonia a County in the West of England bounded on the South by the British Sea and the Isle
of Wight on the West by Dorsetshire on the North by Berkshire and on the East by Surrey and Sussex It is a large and fruitful County the Capital of it is the City of Winchester besides which it has also Southampton Portsmouth and Rumsey very considerable Towns Haoaxe Haoaxus a River of Africa which springeth out of vast Mountains in the Abissine Empire in the Confines of the Provinces of Xaoa and Ogga being augmented with the Streams of Machi it entereth the Kingdom of Adel called by the Portuguese Zeila the Capital of which Avoa Gurelé stands upon this River it is said to be not much less than the Nile and after a course of six hundred Miles to discharge it self into the Red Sea having fertilized the Kingdom of Adel in the same manner as the other doth that of Egypt See Jerome Lobo a Portuguese who travelled this Country Hapsel Hapselia a small City in Livonia in the Province of Estonia and the Territory of Wick upon a small Bay of the same name which is part of the Baltick Sea Heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Riga two Swedish Miles from Leal to the North and eleven from Revel to the West It is under the King of Sweden Harberick Salamboria a Town in Mesopotamia Harborcagh a Market Town in Leicestershire in the Hundred of Gartrey Harburg Harburgum a strong but ill peopled Town in the Dukedom of Lunenburgh upon the Elbe two German Miles from Hamburgh to the South and six from Lunenburgh to the West It has a Castle Harcourt a small Town and Castle in Normandy in the Territory of Eureux scarce five Miles from thence to the West and two from Belmont to the North. Philip VI. in the year 1338 erected it into an Earldom which was bestowed upon the Princes of Lorain some of whose Family have of late times been famous Commanders in War Harda Artiscus a River of Thrace Harderwick Hardebones Harderwick a small City in Guelderland under the United Provinces in the County of Veleuve which is a Hanse Town and an University opened here in 1648. It stands upon the Shoar of the Zuider Sea from which it has received great damage but greater from the French who taking it in 1672 dismantled and left it in 1673. It lies seven Leagues from Vtrecht to the South East and six from Deventer to the West First walled with a Brick Wall in 1229. Hardts-Walt Hartzwald Melibocum a Mountain in Thuringia and a Wood or Forest called Sylva Herculis by Ptolemy Sylva Semana by Caesar Sylva Bacenis It lies in the South Part of the Dukedom of Brunswick in the Territory of Grubenhagen between Halberstad to the East and Gostar to the West the top of the Mountain is called by the Inhabitants Blokes-barch between Osterwick and Werningerod two Towns in these parts The Forest covering the Mountain above mentioned lies between the Elbe and Saal to the East and the Weser to the West Mercator by a mistake took it for a part of the Hercinian Forest and placed it between Thuringia and Bohemia Harfleur a Castle in the Païs de Caux in Normandy in France upon the North Side of the Out-let of the Seyne within one Mile of Havre de Grace and three of Honfleur to the North. Besieged in 1416 by the French defended by the English who frustrated their Designs and in a Sea Fight near this place defeated both the French and Genoese Fleets Soon after which followed the taking of Caen Falais Conquest and Roan it self by the Victorious English Harlegh a Market Town in the County of Merioneth in Wales in the Hundred of Ardydury Harleston a Market Town in the County of Norfolk and the Hundred of Earsham Harlingen Harlinga a City of the United Provinces in West-Friesland the next to Leuwarden in order and greatness strong and hard to be taken because the adjacent Country may be drowned It has a very large Haven on the Zuider Sea and stands in the Territory of Westergoe three Leagues from Leuwarden to the West Harlow a Market Town in the County of Essex The Capital of its Hundred Harrie or Harnland Harria a Province of Livonia upon the Bay of Finland in the Province of Esthon the Capital of which is Revel which with this Province is under the Crown of Sweden Harsan a Mountain in the Lower Hungary four German Miles from the Drave to the North and the same distance from Mohatz to the West near which the Dukes of Lorain and Bavaria defeated an Army of an hundred thousand Turks August 12 1687. See Mohatz Hartfordshire See Hertfordshire Hartland a Market Town in Devonshire The Capital of its Hundred Hartlandpoint Herculis Promontorium a famous Cape in the Western Part and Northern Shoar of the County of Devon near the Confines of Cornwal which shoots a great way into the Irish Sea and makes a safe Bay for the Riding of Ships Hartle Pool a Market Town in the Bishoprick of Durham in Stockton Ward upon a neck of Land that on all sides except Westward is surrounded by the Sea Hartzerode Hartzeroda a Castle in the Vpper Saxony in the Principality of Anhault upon the River Selka twelve Miles from Northausen to the South-East where was the Seat or Residence of one of the five Princes of Anhault Harwich Harvicum a Town in Essex at the Mouth of the Stour which has a Large Safe and Noble Sea-Port made famous of old by a Naval Victory here obtained against the Danes by the English in 888. This Town is not great saith Mr. Cambden but well peopled strong both by Art and Nature being almost surrounded by the Sea and much improved by the Care and Charges of Queen Elizabeth only it wants fresh Water It is also a Corporation and sends two Burgesses to the Parliament Hasbaigne Hasbainensis Pagus called by the Inhabitants Haspengow is a Territory in the Bishoprick of Leige extended between Brabant the Maeze and the City of Liege The Capital of which is S. Trevyen it reached of old as far as Louvaine or Loeven and is frequently mentioned in ancient History Hasbat Hasbata a Province of the Kingdom of Fez in Barbary bounded on the North by the Streights of Gibraltar on the West by the Atlantick Ocean by the Mediterranean Sea and the Province of Asgaria to the East the principal place of which was Tangier now ruined by the English See Tangier Hascora or Escura a Province of the Kingdom of Morocco having Duccala to the North Morocco to the South and Tedelsa to the East the principal Town of which is Elmadina Hasel or Val-Hasal a Valley and Bailiwick in the Canton of Bearne in Switzerland abutting Eastward upon the Canton of Vnderwaldt and stretching it self from about the Lake of Brientz as far as to the Source of the River Aar It yields good Pasturage and Iron-Mines The Inhabitants hereof about the year 1332. entered into a perpetual Alliance with those of Bearne and have since been subjected to them Hasenburgh Didatrium