Mareschals de Turenne and la Ferté to whose care his Majesty had left his Army to continue the glorious progress of their successful undertakings Having then first taken Moncassel they invest Gravelines under the conduct of Monsieur the Mareschal de Bellefons which place after a stout defence by the Besieged who fought in despair was reduced to a Capitulation as when taken from us at such time as the Spaniards made use of our Civil Wars The Chevalier de Hautefeville Captain of the Regiment of Guards entred the 31 day of the siege with three Companies of the said Regiment and the Sieur Davignan was the next day left Governour till further order The Spaniards foreseeing they were about to lose all that they had in these parts did their utmost endeavours to secure what they could possibly but the discreet vigilancy of Monsieur the Mareschal de Turenne did always frustrate their designes They were not able to succour Oudenarde which surrendered immediately to the French valour they were glad to take covert in Armentiers and Tournay for fear of being engaged to Battle where without doubt they would have been beaten since in all our Encounters Fortune had seemed to forsake them and to confer her Victories on us The King designing to visit Lyons arrives at Dijon where receiving some discontents from his Parliament he interdicts them immediately and pursues his Journey to Lyons at which place he was received with incredible joy from all people And here it was that he received the complements of Madame Royale who came to visit him with the Princesses her Daughters Also his Royal Highness of Savoy presented himself with a very considerable Retinue extraordinary well furnish'd Two days after his said Highness parted again for Turin but with a most entire satisfaction at the sight of our excellent Prince The Deputies of the Estates of Languedoc and those of Provence had Audience but the Embassador of Savoy had a particular one as also the Envoy of the Duke of Mantua Since in the beginning of the year all things did seem to concur to render the Lawrels of our young Mars more resplendant all people began now to talk of Peace To that purpose a Cessation from acts of Hostility was publish'd on both sides to the end they might have the more liberty to treat of the future tranquillity and this daughter of Heaven which God alone gives to his people after he has Chastized 'em was equally desired by both parties Monsieur de Lyonne then is sent into Spain and the Sieur Pimentel arrived at Lyons during the King's abode there this appeared a good and hopeful beginning since both Nations began of themselves to re-assume their former Traffique so long discontinued Anno 1659. Hereupon the Cardinal Mazarin accompanied by the Duke of Crequy the Mareschals de Villeroy de Clerembaud the Grand Master of the Artillery the Sieur de Lyonne and a great number of other Lords takes the way of the Frontier where Dom Lewis d'Haro chief Minister of Spain would meet him of France to confer together for the perfecting so great a Work The Truce was already prolong'd to further order but before they begin the Conference it was agreed that Monsieur de Lyonne should have Commission to meet and complement the Minister of Spain and Dom Antonio Pimentel to perform the like civilities to him of France Monsieur de Lyonne had order to propose to the Spaniards a Marriage between their Infanta and the King of France and in regard their chief fear was that in default of Male-Children to succeed to that Crown that Kingdom might fall to the King of France their Queens being now with Childe caused that apprehension to vanish and rendered them the more attentive to this Alliance Notwithstanding proceedings were for a time broken by reason of a difficulty presented on the behalf of the Prince of Condé whom the King of Spain would have comprised in the Treaty Cardinal Mazarin therefore writ to the Pope to perswade that King to wave the Prince's Interest and not for that to defer so precious a benefit to both Nations The Spaniards during this year were in as bad a condition with the Portugals and that made them the more easily incline to wave this Article The Alliance which about this time France had contracted with England and the interview of Madam Royale and his most Christian Majesty had given them sufficient cause of jealousie They went therefore seriously to work to effect the Treaty and during the Winter the King being returned to Paris Pimentel follows him thither and renews the Propositions of Peace and Marriage to which Cardinal Mazarin and D. Lewis d'Haro conferred the finishing hand These two great Ministers being arrived in the Isle of Phesants upon the River Bidassoa with a most magnificent Train after many notable Interviews and Conferences from the one part and the other at last signe the Treaty of Peace and Contract of Marriage between the Infanta of Spain and the King of France Notwithstanding the Publication was not made immediately that being reserved to render the ensuing year more August and Famous the present concluding with all dispositions requisite to our future hopes of an eternal happiness and a lasting Tranquillity to both Kingdoms which not a year ago none dared to promise or expect The Peace then being proclaimed his Holiness and all the Potentates and Soveraigns of Europe express'd their publick joys and satisfaction in those many feux de joye which they commanded their people to make through all their Dominions Anno 1660. The Peace was Register'd in Parliament the 12th of February the Chancelier being present and with universal applause and acclamations In England General Monke was so happy this year as to contribute very much to the Restauration of his Majesty Charles the second the lawful and undoubted Heir and Successor to that Crown To put a compleat end to a War which had lasted 25 Campagnes the King resolves on a Progress thereby also to compose for ever the Factions in Provence and reduce to reason certain Pirates of Marseilles who becoming petty-Tyrants did much oppress that important City The Duke of Mercoeur entred the place Sword in Hand at the head of the King's Light-horse The prudence and moderation of this Prince secured the Town from Pillage and he observed so much order and circumspection in this affair that he soon reduced the place to great obedience After this the King himself was received there with Volleys of Cannon and the joyful cries of Vive le Roy. During this Journey he caused to be demolished the Citadel of Orenge which heretofore had been the cause of much mischief to the Catholicks of the three neighbouring Provinces and was still suspected and withal charged the Prince of Orenge that hereafter he keep a more strong and able Garrison To secure the Marsellois from all fears of their past miseries the King caused to be traced out the Platform of a Citadel and
their Forces and Cromwel his Lieutenant who soon after on the acquittal of the former took to himself the whole Authority He made himself Master of Scotland Ireland and England he made and unmade the Parliament at his pleasure and in fine under the name of Protector of the Commonwealth of England he most Sacrilegiously usurp'd the Command of a King This year ended with the Peace between France the Emperour and Swede concluded at Osnabruc Anno 1649. In the year 1649 the King Queen and Princes leave Paris in the night between the fifth and sixth of January and retire to St. Germains The Parisians believing they intend to revenge their insolencies committed in the action aforesaid take Arms and rise in Troops by order of the Prince of Conty Hereupon the King seizes St. Denis Meudon Corbeil and Lagny This had no doubt occasioned a publick Ruine had not the Court of Parliament deputed several of their Members to his Majestie and obtained a general Amnestie which once more restored France to her former quiet Anno 1650. In January 1650 the Princes of Condé Conty and Duke of Longueville were Imprisoned in the Château de Vincennes from thence removed first to Marcoussy and then to Havre de Grace and restored to Liberty the 6th of February 1651. The Princess of Condé retired to Bourdeaux with the Duke of Enguien her Son where were also the Dukes of Boüillon Roche-Foucaut and de Turenne In this year the Enemy recovered Piombino and Portolongone le Catelet la Capelle and Vervins as also Mouson and Rethel which notwithstanding they kept not long Anno 1651. Nor was the year 1651 more fortunate to us seeing we lost then Furnes and Bergue in Flanders And now the Prince of Condé retires into his Government of Guienne neglecting to be present at the King's Majority which was magnificently celebrated the 7th of September Presently after his Majesty takes a Journey towards Bourges to stop the ill intentions of the Princes which place upon his approach they quitted with their Forces The King stops not in his designes but marches on towards Poitou takes St. Amand sends the Comte de Harcour to attaque Rochelle which the Comte d'Ognon held at the Prince's devotion and compels him to submit to obedience Anno 1652. In the mean time the Parliament at Paris declares the Cardinal Mazarin guilty of High Treason who retires for a while but not at all to remit ought of his care or occasion to serve his Majesty he raises several Troops and presents them to the King at Poitiers the 25th of January 1652 without having encountered any obstacle After this Anger 's is Besieged by the Duke of Rohan and compel'd to submit to the King's obedience together with le Pont de Cé And now the King intending to justifie his Minister sends a Declaration to the Parliament at Paris commanding that all the proceedings against the Cardinal Mazarin be forthwith brought over to him The King Besieges Estampes in which place the Army of the Princes was shut up but the Issue being not very advantageous to the Royal Army he was forced to draw off and invest Paris Here happened many Attaques on both sides after the arrival of the Lorainers though these last shun'd the Encounter as much as possible in such fort that they came not hand to hand till such time as they met in the Fauxbourg St. Anthoine at which Encounter it is believed there died more than 1000 men on both sides The Fight endured from seven in the Morning till three in the Afternoon The Prince of Condé did all that could be expected from a valiant Captain nevertheless had not Mademoiselle caused the City-Gate to be opened and the Cannon to be discharged from the Bastille the Army of the Princes had been utterly defeated Two days after this the disorder was so great in Paris that all people were forced to wear Straw about 'em as a mark of aversion to the Cardinal Mazarin After this they set fire to the outward Gates of the Hostel de Ville where 300 of the most noted Citizens being Assembled to consult of some means whereby to unite the City with the Parliament the Mutineers in order to destroy them all first Massacre the Sieurs le Gras Master of Requests de Janvry Counsellor in the Parliament Myron Master of the Accounts and several others as they came out from the Assembly The Sieur Doujat Counsellor of the Great Chamber and several other persons of Condition had run the same fortune had they not used Disguizes and by the favour of the night past unknown during this disturbance Two of the Factious were Condemned by the Sentence of the Parliament to be Hanged and were accordingly Executed in the Court of the Palace The Sedition grew to that extremity that even the Priests and Religious Women and Children were forced to wear Straw and thereby secure themselves from outrages nay the very Nuns who to shun the dangers of the Campagne sought refuge in this City if at any time they were seen in the Streets or Churches found themselves obliged to appear with this ridiculous Badge The Duke of Nemours about this time challenged the Duke of Beaufort they met with Sword and Pistol The Duke of Nemours fires but without further execution than onely to singe the Duke of Beaufort's Periwig but he in return fail'd not to kill his Enemy And now the people of Paris being pretty well tired with the effects of War begin to disgust the rule of the Princes and upon this occasion depute several of their Burgesses to Pontoise where the King then was to supplicate his Majesty to honour his good Town of Paris with his return This occasioned the retreat of the Duke of Orleans and flight of the Prince of Condé with his Troops Not long after the King returns to the City followed by the Mareschal de l'Hospital Governour of the place the Prevost des Merchands and the Eschevins who had been all constrained to absent and was there received with all the submissions and blessings which the people could possibly invent After this the King went to the Parliament which he re-unites with that part which he had lately establish'd at Pontoise And then and there also he publishes his Amnestie in favour of all those who had risen provided that by their returning to duty they made themselves capable of such a Grace But the Prince of Condé being retired into the Catholick King 's Dominions appeared in the head of an Army before Rhetel of which soon after he got possession as also of Chasteau-Porcien Sainte-Menchou and Bar. During the troubles at Paris the Spaniards knowing the Mareschal de Grancey to be absent from Gravelines lay siege to that place and take it before it could possibly be succoured on our part Those of Guienne finding themselves in such disorder by reason of the Princes party invite the King's Army to come among them commanded by the Count de Harcour who
and the Mareschal de Gassion that of St. Venant both which surrendered not long after and thereby made us Masters of the River Lis. In the mean time the Duke of Guise went to take an exact view of the Town of Armentiers Not long after this the Sieur Mazerin of the Order of St. Dominique Master of the Holy Palace and at present Arch-Bishop of Aix departed from Rome for France The 7 of September the King went to the Parliament At the same happened a difference in the Convent of Reformed Jacobins in the new street St Honoré between the Parisians and Gascons of this Reformation these demanding to be separated from the other The affair was urged to such a point that the Queen Regent gave order to the Chancellor with certain Bishops and Councellors of State to compose it who ordained that there should be no separation that none of the Parisians might be sent into Gasconie and that there should be but 8 Gascons in the said Monastery four of which to be of the Province of St. Maximin and the other four of Tholouse The Town of Armentiers through which passes the River Lis and in which are about 6000 Inhabitants surrendered by Composition to the Mareschals de Gassion and de Rantzau on the 10 of December In the mean while by the mediation of the most Christian King a Peace was concluded between the Kings of Sweden and Denmark the Sieur de la Tuillerie being sent Embassador Extraordinary on the part of his Majestie The 20th of September was concluded at the Castle of Fontainbleau the Contract of Marriage between Vladislaus King of Poland and Lowisa-Maria de Gonzague Daughter to the Duke of Mantua and Aunt to him now living The Contract among other things contained that the Princess Mary should have in the name of Dowâ—y two Millions and one hundred thouâ—and Livres of French money of which sum the most Christian King should pay six hundred thousand Livres in free gift and for the other fifteen hundred thousand Livres was to be valued her Title which she might have to succeed her Father in the Dutchy of Mantua The King Authorized this affair as her Father and the Queen Regent as her Mother who thereupon did signe the Contract On Sunday the 29th of October the Embassadors of Poland made their magnificent entry into Paris at the Gate of St. Anthony The pomp was so full of admiration to the eyes of all Spectators who fill'd the High-ways for the space of two Leagues from Paris insomuch that several Authors have in their Writings left us very ample descriptions of it I shall therefore dwell no longer on this particular of small consequence having so large a Subject of the Exploits of War and our Generals of Armies Let it suffice that the Embassadors were the Bishop of Varuic and the Palatine of Posnanie who the Tuesday following had Audience of their Majesties and afterwards of the Princess the designed Queen of Poland During these Secular Grandeurs the Church Triumph'd in three Conversions One was of Prince Edward Count Palatine of the Rhine Husband to the Princess Anne de Gonzague Sister to the Queen of Poland who abjured Heresie between the hands of Father Fore a Cordelier the 3d of November This was immediately preceded by that of the Marquess de Montausier who was made Governour of Angoumois and Xaintonge Afterwards in the moneth of July at the siege of Bourburg followed that of the Comte de Rantzau who as may be seen in the course of this History after many Exploits of War and in divers Combats having left himself but half a Body had notwithstanding a Soul remaining so sound and entire as to dispose himself into the Bosom of the Church in which affair also was employed Father Fore On the 20th of October the Town of Balaguier submitted to the Comte de Harcour Vice-Roy in Catalonia The 3d of September happened a great fire in the Town of Anger 's which begun in the house of a certain Pastry-Cook the Flame raged with such violence that it did much damage to many Houses this occasioned the concourse of many people to assist During the Bustle somebody advised to cast into the midst of the Flames certain little Scappularies of the Virgin of Mount Carmel with which action the fire was appeased and extinguish'd yet the Scappularies themselves no ways indamaged During this they murmur at Rome to see the Arms of France placed over the Palace-gates of Cardinal Barberin and Dom Thadaeo his Brother Prefect of the City But the Cardinal Barberin gave an account of the action to his Holiness On the 5th of November the Queen of Poland was espoused to the Prince Palatine of Posnanie representing the person of the King his Master The Ceremonies were performed at the Palace Royal by the Bishop of Varuic with permission of the Cardinal of Lions Grand Aumosnier of France and the Arch-Bishop of Paris And after Mass was celebrated the Feast Royal. And now the Mareschal de Gassion who commands the King's Army in the Low Countries cuts in pieces the Spanish Forces takes 19 Ensignes and 8 Cornets of Horse and 4000 Prisoners At the same time the French Army under the conduct of the Mareschal de Turenne takes Treves by Composition of which place the Comte de Laverne was Governour Afterwards the Arch-Bishop Elector of the Empire was restored to his possession This year the Assembly of the Clergy was held at the great Augustins in Paris And at the same time was finish'd that painful Work the great Bible which contains seven several Texts viz. the Hebrew the Samaritan the Chaldee the Seventy the Syriack St. Jerom's Translation and the Arabick The Work consists of ten Volumes and was perfected at the expence of the Sieur le Jay This admirable Piece being now compleated was presented to the King and Qu. Regent in the presence of Monsieur the Duke of Orleans Monsieur the Prince of Condé Monsieur the Cardinal of Mazarine and Monsieur the Chancellor Le Sieur le Jay received for recompence a Brieve to be Councellor of State and 2000 Livres of Pension The 27th of November Loüise-Marie de Gonzague Queen of Poland parted from Paris to finde the King her Husband with the Embassadors the King and Queen Regent accompanied her almost to St. Denis in France and bid her adieu before the Chappel of Clignancourt leaving with her the Sieurs de Rhodes and Sanctot great Masters of the Ceremonies the Sieurs de Berlise Conductor of Embassadors and de Linage Captain-Ensigne to the Regiment of Guards to conduct her to the Frontiers and to cause the same honour to be paid her in all places where she past as to the King and Queens own persons Having remained two days at St. Denis she past on to Senlis Compeigne Noyon and from thence to Peronne where she was received by the Sieur d'Hoquincourt the Governour Passing still further she rested in the middle of a Field where the Sieurs de
Marquiss d'Aietone prepared to fight us and with designe to engage them marches towards Belpouche about three hours journey from Lesborges between Lerida and the Enemy but perceiving them to retreat towards Lerida he sends the Marquiss de la Trousse to intercept their way and follows himself upon their Rear The Enemy who thought of nothing but a safe Retreat to Lerida and now seeing themselves encompast by the Mareschal de Gramont's Forces prepare for fight and they had undoubtedly beat our party had not Monsieur the Prince seeing the hazard advanced and stopt their success but by the favour of the Night which came on apace they repast the Segre with the loss of seven or eight hundred men cut in pieces by our Forces We lost there the Sieur de Lupes St. Remy a Captain de Serre a Cornet and some Common Souldiers The 24th of October Tutavilla Governour of Terragona presenting himself again before Constantin was again beaten off by the Troops of Monsieur the Prince of Condé and the diligence of the Sieur de la Baume Governour of the place This year 1647. concludes with the Duke of Guise's entry into Naples the Neapolitans who of a long time had been opprest with the Spanish Yoak having invited him and put themselves under his protection during his abode at Rome Embarquing then the third of November attended onely with his Aumosnier and the Gentleman of his Chamber he arrived happily at Naples the fifth and was there received with incredible joy of the Inhabitants who had made a shift to defend themselves to that present against the Spanish Domination notwithstanding their many Conspiracies and had also expel'd all those whom they suspected of the Spanish Faction Here the Machinations of the other party were so great and dangerous that the Duke run many hazards From the year 1280 in which happened the Massacre of the French in Sicily under Charles of Anjou first of that Name and Brother of St. Lewis to the time of René d'Anjou Naples had been the constant Field of Battle in all the Contests between the Houses of Anjou and Aragon as is observed in the course of the French History where we may see how Charles the 2d succeeded to his Father in that Kingdom and after his death his son Robert Afterwards about the year 1344 Joan the first of that Name Daughter of Charles a Son of the said Robert succeeded to the Crown of Naples Joan ending her life by a sad and shameful death Ladislaus son to Charles of Durazo succeeded about the year 1387. and remained in possession of the Kingdom of Naples till his death Ladislaus dying Joan the 2d his Sister succeeds in the year 1417. who finding her self continually molested by those of the House of Aragon declares René d'Anjou her Heir and Successor about the year 1435. But whether it was that his own peaceful Inclinations or the Inconstancies of the Neapolitan humour stop'd his designes is uncertain this is apparent he never did any thing effectually towards the Conquest of that Kingdom to which his Birth-right did call him This gave opportunity to Ferdinand son of Alphonso to seize the Scepter notwithstanding John Duke of Calabria son of René attempted though in vain to recover the right of his Grandfathers But Charles the 8th King of France undertook this Enterprize with such a courage that all Italy lay open to his Arms and having first made his entry into Rome he was received at Naples with extraordinary magnificence in the year 1494. Charles after this retiring into France and Lewis the 12th extending his Conquests to Milain Francis the first desiring to extend them still further at such time as he Besieged Pavie divided his Army and sent half for Naples but his being taken Prisoner on the 24th of February in the year 1525 put a period to those designes From that time to the present Naples ever remained under the Dominion of the Spaniards And this last Change being so notorious we have made this short recapitulation of the several vicissitudes of that Kingdom From the time of Francis the first to Lewis 13th and Lewis 14th so happily raigning at present the power of Spain was arrived to that point that in fine it seemed all Europe should speak no other Language than Spanish but God whose Dominion extends over all Monarchies hath in a few years diminish'd the swelling extent of this which now of late begins by little and little to fall within its ancient limits But to return to the Duke of Guise after this little digression and observe some of the principal actions which at that time he performed in those parts we must know then in short This Prince on his arrival perceiving how much the people were oppress'd by the Spanish Dominion in the first place dispatches several Couriers to all those Towns which he conceived most material to contribute to the overthrow of their Authority and after he had duly disposed of all things by his rare Conduct he visits the said places severally and takes an exact view of all their Ammunitions after this he raises 26000 men which he distributes into three Bodies And at the same time Salerne falls off to the Republick Hereupon Dom John of Austria and the Duke of Tursi arrive in Naples with a Counter Force to stop the peoples Mutinies but they having joyn'd Policy and Address to the Arms they had levied the Spaniards could not possibly prevent their Choice of our Prince for Duke of the Republick and Generalissimo of all their Forces But since events of War are so uncertain and what seems most assured often wants success Fortune was so indulgent to the Spaniards that our Duke was taken Prisoner by Tutavilla at the Pass of a little River and this was the utter ruine of the Neapolitans designes Anno 1648. Let us now return to France The King and Queen Regent his Mother having been at Chartres to pay their Vows to our Lady return to Paris the 27th of March 1648. In April the Generals of our Armies prepare for a new Campagne expecting the usual Progress in adding to their former Conquests Accordingly on the 20th of August his Majesty obtained a signal Victory before Lens where the Prince of Condé Commanding in chief took Prisoner the General Bek who died soon after of his Wounds This had filled all France with joy had not an unexpected accident disturbed the Feast On the 26th Te Deum was sung in the Cathedral of Nostre Dame at Paris and on the same day the Sieurs de Broussel and de Blanc-mesnil were Arrested which caused a great disorder through all the City till by the Queens bounty in restoring their Liberty it was appeased In the moneth of January the same year the Rebels of England had the horrid Impudence to Condemn their King to the Scaffold After that forbid the having any other King for the future and changed the Government to a Republick Fairfax was declared General of
Princes of Vendôme having by their Legitimated birth and in respect of Marriage priority above all other Princes and a power to succeed to the Crown before the Dukes of Longueville and all this is comprised in the said Declarations On the 30th of December the Novices marching before the ancient Knights the six Ecclesiasticks were first received into the quality of Commandeurs of the Order After them the 66 Knights Laicks The King began with the Princes of Bourbon and Vendôme but his Majesty not able to comprehend the pretensions of the Comte de Soissons and the Duke of Guise they were not received saying he would have them two go together and march with the Dukes of Mercoeur and Beaufort who by right of Birth and by the Declaration of Henry the Great take place after the Bourbons and ought to precede the Princes of Courtenay and Portugal when they are acknowledged and received into this Quality This was adjudged authentickly and with great and mature consideration of the Case and executed in the presence of the most Great and August Assembly of the Kingdom and in the sight of more than 100000 Witnesses all the people that were present at this so gallant action Anno 1662. The next day being the first of January the grand Ceremony was continued at the Augustins the Knights wearing the Collers of the Orders and the second being apparelled in Mourning-Robes they assist at a solemn Service for the Knights deceased at which was a most magnificent Representation a King at Arms placed at the Head and four Heralds at the Corners And now it was that the Portugals had so well defended themselves during this first Campagne that the Spaniards were forced to begin a new War On the 19th of January the Carnaval begun with a Balet consisting of nine entries at the Madame's in which to render it the more excellent was no omission of cost or pleasing objects The grand Ball was danced the seventh of February where the Grandeur and glory of the House of France was most lively represented with the fifteen Alliances which she had contracted in the Imperial Family The Treaty with the Duke of Lorain in which he released all his Estates to our King under divers Conditions reserving however to himself the Possession was verified the 27th of February At this time the Portugals contracted a strict Alliance with England giving their Infanta Tangier and other advantageous Conditions to Charles the second for his defence and assistance against the King of Spain The Succours which they drew from thence France have establish'd that Crown against all the efforts of his Catholick Majesty On the 27th of April Peace and a Renovation of the Alliance betwixt France and Holland was concluded and signed after a Negotiation of eighteen Moneths It was on the 18th of June following that the famous Carrousel or Triumphant Combat on Horseback began It was composed of five Squadrons or Companies That of the King were all apparrelled in the ancient Roman habit That of the Duke of Orleans represented Persians the Prince of Condé Turks the Duke of Enguien Indians and the Duke of Guise the Savages The party of the Prince of Condé gain'd the Prize and received a Diamond from the Queen-Mothers hand The attempt late made at Rome the 20th of August on the persons of the Duke and Dutchess of Crequy by the factions of the * The Pope's Guards Corses and * Serjeants Sbirres against the Law of Nations and the cruel and unjust persecution rais'd against the French caused the Duke Cesarini and the other Partisans and friends of this Crown to oblige the Embassador and his * L' Ambassadrice in the Original Lady to quit the City and retire into the Estates of Tuscany and so return into France The Church and indeed all Europe found themselves much scandalized at so soul an action much blaming the Fauters and adherents of this capital Crime which made so great a noise and in the end was determined in a Treaty The Marquiss Mathei a chief Minister and Plenipotentiary of his Imperial Majesty was expell'd from his service for having unknown to him and without his agreement accepted the Office of Commander of his Holiness's Arms. The Emperour and our King were at this time reconciled by the mediation of the Marquiss de la Fuente the Comte Fuensaldagne having laboured in that affair four years without effect And their Majesties gave mutual testimonies of affection and sincerity by several Letters which this Embassador exchanged in the moneth of September Great joy appeared in France and Spain at the birth of Madame at the Louvre the eighteenth of November This Princess was * Ondoyée Christened privately by the Cardinal Antoine in presence of the whole Court and the 27th of December the publick Ceremony of her Baptism was performed by his Eminence she being named Anne-Elizabeth by the Queen-Mother and the Monsieur She deceased the 30th following and her Body was conveyed to St. Denis About this time a Courier arrived to inform the King of the delivery of Dunkirk the Fort of Mardike and the greater and lesser Fort of Bergue and that his Troops were entred Presently upon this news his Majesty sets out for the place where he made his entry the second of December and returned again the sixth with the same diligence that at first he had taken the Voyage accompanied with the Duke of Enguien and Duke of Beaufort this last but lately landed from giving chase to the Pirates of Barbary This year was made happy in a conclusion of Marriage between the Duke of Savoy and Mademoiselle de Valois The Ballet of the Arts consisting of seven Entries was danced the first time at Madame's where was present the Prince Eldest son to the King of Denmarke Anno 1663. The Duke of Crequy's return into France and the reduction of Benevento in the Estates Ecclesiastick the 14th of March into which place the Prince de la Ricca had retired contrary to his word past to the Vice-roy of Naples for having killed an Artisan and debauched away his Wife had much alarmed the Court of Rome who through a panique fear had made several Levies which again were disbanded as suddainly Which occasioned a certain Cardinal to say * Qu'elle possedoit la Science des Contre-temps That they plaid at cross purposes having raised Arms no-body knows against who and laid 'em down again not considering where they have made Peace The Ceremony of the Nuptials of Mademoiselle de Valois and the Comte de Soissons Proxie to the Duke of Savoy was performed at the Louvre the fourth of March by the Cardinal Antoine the seventh following the Princess departed for Savoy About the eighth of June Dom John who had promised to himself the Conquest of Portugal was beaten in a set Battle at Evora by the Comtes of Villaflora and Schomberg recovering also at the same time the said Town and all the other Conquests of
of May. During this interval a French Cavalier in the Enemies Army came over to ours and gives advice to the Duke of Enguien that General Beck was to arrive the next morning by 7 a clock with 1000 Horse and 3000 Foot to re-inforce the Enemy hereupon it was resolved to fight by break of day which no sooner appeared but the General having taken the Right wing of the Army and the Mareschal de l' Hospital the Left about a quarter of a League from Rocroy they disposed themselves to do their best The Enemies Army being composed of 25000 men viz. 17000 Foot and 8000 Horse the Infantry commanded by the Comte d' Isemberg and the Cavalry by the Duke d'Alberquerque and the Comte de Fontaines Mareschal General du Camp under Fancisco de Mello General for the King of Spain The French Army was 14000 Foot and 6000 Horse The Duke of Enguien having visited the several Divisions and encouraged the Officers to perform their Duty the Skirmish begins and 1000 Musqueteers of the Enemy are forced to give ground On the Left the Sieur de la Ferté-Seneterre charging the Enemy the Combat was so obstinate that he was Wounded in ten several places and taken prisoner though a while after rescued During this advantage the Enemy took our Cannon but the Mareschal de l' Hospital with his succours charged and recovered them again In this lively action he was wounded in the Arm with a Musquet-shot so that he was forced to leave the fight This accident gave the Enemy such advantage that once more they took our Cannon and used them against us but the Baron de Siron Mareschal de Camp of the Cavalry having a body of reserve rallies our men and stops the Enemie's success In the mean while our Right wing having routed the Cavalry attaques the Spanish Foot which she cuts in pieces In fine the Sieur Gassion coming up they are all put to the Rout. We lost there about 20 Officers and as many Wounded On the Enemies side beside a great number of Dead of lesser note the Comte de Fontaines was killed and the Comte d' Isemberg wounded to death and 6000 Prisoners among whom 200 Officers and 20 pieces of Cannon From this signal Victory which has insencibly carried this Discourse beyond its intended Bounds we will proceed to the Funerals of Lewis the Just the preparatives for which were made the 22 of July the day preceding ended the * A space of forty days during which time Prayers are continually made for the Dead Quarantaine during all which time the Queen-Mother remained shut up thereby to give place more opportunely to the sensible regrets for the loss of her Spouse Monday was appointed for the Funeral-Ceremonies at which did assist the Princes Prelates and Soveraign Courts of Justice The Kings Body was placed in the midst of a Chappel all flaming with Lights and the Solemn Service made at St. Denis in France where also the Body was deposited in the Vault of his Predecessors The 29th of July Madam the Dutchess of Enguien was happily delivered of a Son who bears the Name of Duke d'Albert The 2 of August the Duke of Beaufort youngest of the two Sons of the Duke of Vendôme was arrested and imprisoned in the Bois de Vincennes The Duke of Enguien after the Victory at Rocroy and the taking of Cirq returns to Paris with the Comte de Rantzau and on the 7th of October the King and Queen Regent were pleased to leave the Louvre to inhabit at the Palais Royal about which time also was sent to the Abbey of St. Germains desprez one of St. Placidus's Arms by the great Master of Malta which Relique was solemnly received by the Religious The Civil troubles in England continuing the Comte de Harcour was sent on the part of his most Christian Majesty to compose if possible the discontents between the King of great Britain and his Parliament but he found the Spirits of the Dissenters so little disposed that way that he returned without success About the same time a crew of Raskals at Rovergüe who took the name of * Croquans Devourers did raise a Tumult which notwithstanding was soon after supprest by the Comte de Noüaille As our Kings have alwaies had this advantage to give Laws to Strangers and not to receive them so also have they been constant Mediators of Concord among Christian Princes and particularly of the reconciliation of the Duke of Parma with his Holiness of which the Treaty was concluded at Paris and the Articles signed by the Cardinal Dongly Plenipotentiary for his Holiness and by the Cardinal Bichy Plenipotentiary on the part of his Majestie for the Duke of Parma In which Treaty he continued the Title enjoyed by our former Kings of Arbiters of Christian Princes A while after les Sieurs de Servient and d'Avaux Plenipotentiaries for his Majesty parted from France to conclude the Peace which in fine was presently effected The 21 of November Monsieur Lesoit Doctor and professor at the Sorbonne who for his singular merits had been named to the Bishoprick of Chartres was consecrated at Paris The Mareschal de Guebriant a Breton whose valour was signalized in the last King's Raign being now at the siege of Rothweil in Germany was wounded with a Faulcon-shot the 24th of November of which he died his Body being conveyed to Paris by the King 's express order his Funerals were performed with great solemnity Anno 1644. The Year 1644. was no less fertile in producing new Lawrels for France than the former But before we attempt to display these Victories it is not impertinent to observe by the by the Death of Anne de Montasie Widow of Charles of Bourbon Comte of Soissons Prince of the Blood and great Master of France who died at Paris aged 67 years she left by her Will 100000 Crowns to the Chevalier de Soissons Bastard-son to the deceased Comte de Soissons who was slain in the Battle of Sedan The Town of Gravelines was besieged by Monsieur the Duke of Orleans who invested it the 6. of June assisted by the Dukes of Guise and Nemours the Comte de Harcour Eldest son of the Duke d'Elbeuf and the Mareschals de la Meleraye de Gassion de Cossé and the Marquess d'Alegre This Siege may be placed in the number of the most difficult such was the stout resistance of the besieged which notwithstanding had no power to stop the Victories of France Here in one of our Attaques fell the Marquess de Nangis In fine the Besieged under the Conduct of Ferdinando de Solis finding himself out of all hope of Relief which Picolomini had once made a shew of giving surrendered to the Duke of Orleans the 29th of July And at the same time died Vrban 8th after he had possess'd the Holy Seat 21 years Now also past an Arrest in the Parliament of Paris prohibiting all Physitians whatsoever except those of the University of
Paris to administer in that City In Germany the Duke of Enguien desiring to relieve Friburg besieged in August by the Enemy had no sooner begun his March on this designe but he understood of the Surrender this news inflamed his courage to such a degree that he resolved to recompence the loss of the Town by a Fight in which he succeeded remaining Master of the field though not without considerable loss on our side In pursuit of this Victory he besieges Philipsburg the 24 of August which a little before we had lost and in less than 3 Weeks forceth Gasper de Bamberg the Governour to surrender We lost there the Comte de Journon Governour of Dauphiné and the Marquess of Pluvaud with 70 Souldiers Spire at the same time submitted to the King's obedience and received a Garrison of French Amidst these serious relations let us mingle something of sport though in truth it was ended with a sad Catastrophe A Citizen of Paris named Bertou being at Vitry a Town two Leagues from Paris with several other jovial Companions undertook to present a Comedy where Bertou should personate a Dead man who according to the designe of the Play was to be raised to life by the Inchantments of a certain Magician But being toucht with the Magicians Wand to that purpose he was found without motion Never did Actor represent a dead man's part more truely for indeed he was dead Which Accident gave matter for serious consideration to all the company The 6 of October Elizabeth Queen of Spain Aunt to our King Lewis 14 dies at Madrid in the 42 year of her age leaving two sons to Philip 4th King of Spain her Spouse Anno 1645. In the Moneth of February the year 1645. begun with a horrid Tempest accompanied with such an Earthquake at Poictiers as proved the ruine of several houses and the more elevated parts of some Churches A few daies after this died at Paris in the Abbey of St. Geneviefve Messire Francois de la Rochefaucault aged 87 years and Cardinal since the year 1607. His Life was a model of Sanctity and that by the testimony of the most vertuous persons of his age The Pope himself Vrban 8th who having granted him something which he desired gave him besides this Elogie Behold here all that remains of Sanctity Piety and Truth in our Apostolick Colledge Long time before his Death he Regulated the Abbey of St. Geneviefve of Paris to which Father Fore deceased not long before him was elected which course is still observed in the promotion of the Abbot the place being Triennial A while after this the Comte de Harcour departed hence to execute his charge of Vice-Roy in Catalonia In the mean time the Comte du Plessis-Praslin lays siege to the Town of Rose in the County of Roussilon with 8000 Foot and 2000 Horse Those of our party that lay on that side of the Town next the Sea were surprized with such an impetuous and sudden storm that the Gallies of the Sieur de St. Just and the Sieur de Birades were dasht to pieces the Officers leapt into the Sea to save themselves by swimming This notwithstanding was no impediment to the progress of the Siege Not long after was celebrated the Nuptials of Madamoiselle de Rohan sole Heiress to the deceased Monsieur the Duke of Rohan with Monsieur de Chabot of the house of Chabots or Jarnac in Angoumois youngest son to the Governour of Leucate this gave occasion to her Mother who could never be wrought to consent to this Match to publish that she was not sole Heiress though she had formerly declared it by a publick Instrument when a Marriage was treated for her Daughter with Monsieur the Comte of Soissons To this purpose she produces an Infant about 15 years old baptized at Paris in the Church of St. Paul by the Name of Tancrede which she maintained to be son to the late Duke of Rohan and that she had always kept him concealed fearing he might be taken from her while Monsieur the Duke of Rohan retired himself at Venice that he had been nursed in Normandy in the house of the father of her Maistre de Hostel and after that transported into Holland Upon this Case did afterwards arise that famous Pleading in the Parliament at Paris In Germany the Mareschal de Turenne was defeated by Jean de Wert who commanded the Army of Bavarians near to Mariandal the 5 of May. The Colonels Rose the Vicomte de Lamed and the Sieur Passage Prisoners of War were carried to Ingolstat The misfortune of this Battle was recompensed in Catalonia the Comte du Plessis-Praslin having taken the Town of Rose which the Spaniards surrendered upon honourable Compositions the 28th of May. After this la Motte in Lorain which Garrison did much damage upon our Frontiers was surrendered to the Marquiss de Villeroy the first of July by Clicot Governour of the place who was forced to capitulate after a long resistance The 11 of the same moneth the Fort of Mardike submitted to Monsieur the Duke of Orleans About the same time Mary de Jars called la Damoiselle de Gournay Kinswoman to the Sieur Montagne from whose Pen we have the Book of Essays being aged 80 years died at Paris She surpast all her Sex in Learning having left behind her several Printed works many great persons did honour her among whom Justus Lipsius The 6 of July Messire Josias de Rantzau descended of the Illustrious house of the Comtes de Rantzau in Holstein whom the course of our History has shewn in many generous Actions for the Service of France received the Staff of Mareschal from the hand of Monsieur the Duke of Orleans by the King's order He had lost in several Encounters one Eye one Arm and one Leg which notwithstanding had no ways diminisht the vivacity of his Spirit and that as well in a Council of War as in a brave resolution in Engagements The Duke of Enguien continuing still the progress of his Arms and marching up into Germany gave Battle neer Nordlinguen the 3 of August where the Imperialists were defeated General Mercy slain with 4000 Enemies and about 2000 taken Prisoners among whom General Gleen After this he takes Nordlinguen which submitted to discretion We lost there the Marquess de Pisani son to the Marquess de Romboüillet and the Sieurs de Gremonville and Marson beside the Mareschal de Grammont who remained Prisoner with the Marquess de la Chastre The Town of Bourburg neer Gravelines sometime part of the Appenage of the house of Vendôme but of late Usurped by the Spaniard being besieged by Monsieur the Duke of Orleans surrendered the 19th of August 600 men went out of it who were conducted to Gravelines as Prisoners of War And the 21 of the same Moneth was taken Mont-Cassel Hereupon Bethune a considerable place in Artois surrendered by Composition to the King's Army and presently after the Mareschal de Rantzau invests the Town of Lilers