Temirkutla Then succeeded Iaroslaus the Brother of George then Alexander his Son Daniel the Son of Alexander was he who first made the City of Mosco his Royal Seat builded the Castle and took on him the Title of great Duke Iohn the Son of Daniel was sirnamed Kaleta that word signifying a Scrip out of which continually carried about with him he was wont to deal his Almes His Son Simeon dying without Issue left the Kingdom to Iohn his next Brother and he to his Son Demetrius who left two Sons Basilius and George Basilius reigning had a Son of his own name but doubting lest not of his own Body through the suspicion he had of his Wife's Chastity him he disinherits and gives the Dukedom to his Brother George George putting his Nephew Basilius in prison reigns yet at his death either through remorse or other cause surrenders him the Dukedom Basilius unexpectedly thus attaining his supposed right enjoy'd it not long in quiet for Andrew and Demetrius the two Sons of George counting it injury not to succeed their Father made war upon him and surprizing him on a suddain put out his Eyes Notwithstanding which the Boiarens or Nobles kept their allegiance to the Duke though blind whom therefore they call'd Cziemnox Iohn Vasiliwich his Son was the first who brought the Russian Name out of obscurity into renown To secure his own Estate he put to death as many of his kindred as were likely to pretend and stil'd himself great Duke of Wolodimiria Muscovia Novogardia Czar of all Russia He won Plesco the onely walled City in all Muscovy and Novogrod the richest from the Lituanians to whom they had been subject 50 years before and from the latter carried home 300 Waggons laden with Treasure He had war with Alexander King of Poland and with the Livonians with him on pretence of withdrawing his Daughter Helena whom he had to wife from the Greek Church to the Romish with the Livonians for no other cause but to enlarge his Bounds though he were often foyl'd by Plettebergius great Master of the Prussian Knights His Wife was Daughter to the Duke of Tyversky of her he begat Iohn and to him resigned his Dukedom giving him to wife the Daughter of Steven Palatine of Moldavia by whom he had Issue Demetrius and deceas'd soon after Vasiliwich therefore reassuming the Dukedom married a second Wife Sophia Daughter to Thomas Palaeologus who is said to have receiv'd her Dowry out of the Pope's Treasury upon promise of the Duke to become Romish This Princess of a haughty mind often complaining that she was married to the Tartars Vassal at length by continual perswasions and by a wile found means to ease her Husband and his Country of that Yoke For whereas till then the Tartar had his Procurators who dwelt in the very Castle of Mosco to oversee State-affairs she fain'd that from Heaven she had been warn'd to build a Temple to Saint Nicholas on the same place where the Tartar Agents had their House Being therefore delivered of a Son she made it her request to the Prince of Tartary whom she had invited to the baptizing that he would give her that House which obtaining she raz'd to the ground and remov'd those Overseers out of the Castle and so by degrees dispossess'd them of all which they held in Russia She prevail'd also with her Husband to transfer the Dukedom from Demetrius the Son of Iohn deceas'd to Gabriel his eldest by her Gabriel no sooner Duke but chang'd his name to Basilius and set his mind to doe nobly he recover'd great part of Muscovy from Vitoldus Duke of Lituania and on the Boristhenes won Smolensko and many other Cities in the Year 1514. He divorc'd his first Wife and of Helena Daughter to Duke Glinsky begat Iuan Vasiliwich Iuan Vasiliwich being left a Child was committed to George his Unkle and Protector at 25 years of age he vanquish'd the Tartars of Cazan and Astracan bringing home with him their Princes captive made cruel war in Livonia pretending right of inheritance He seem'd exceedingly devout and whereas the Russians in their Churches use out of zeal and reverence to knock their Heads against the ground his Forehead was seldom free of swellings and bruzes and very often seen to bleed The cause of his rigour in government he alledg'd to be the malice and treachery of his Subjects But some of the Nobles incited by his cruelty call'd in the Crim Tartar who in the Year 1571. broke into Russia burnt Mosco to the ground he reigned 54 years had three Sons of which the eldest being strook on a time by his Father with grief thereof dy'd his other Sons were Pheodor and Demetrius in the time of Iuan Vasiliwich the English came first by Sea into the north parts of Russia Pheodor Iuanowick being under age was left to the protection of Boris Brother to the young Empress and third Son by adoption in the Emperour 's Will. After 40 daies of mourning the appointed time of Coronation being come the Emperour issuing out of his Palace the whole Clergy before him enter'd with his Nobility the Church of Blaueshina or blessedness whence after Service to the Church of Michael then to our Lady Church being the Cathedral In midst whereof a Chair of Majesty was plac'd and most unvaluable Garments put upon him there also was the imperial Crown set on his Head by the Metropolitan who out of a small Book in his hand read Exhortations to the Emperour of justice and peaceable government After this rising from his Chair he was invested with an upper Robe so thick with Orient Pearls and Stones as weigh'd 200 pounds the Train born up by 6 Dukes his Staff imperial was of a Unicorn's Horn three foot and a half long beset with rich Stones his Globe and six Crowns carried before him by Princes of the Bloud his Horse at the Church door stood ready with a Covering of imbroidered Pearl Saddle and all suitable to the value of 300 thousand Marks There was a kind of Bridge made three waies 150 fathom long three foot high two fathom broad whereon the Emperour with his Train went from one Church to another above the infinite throng of People making loud Acclamations At the Emperour's returning from those Churches they were spread under-foot with Cloth of Gold the Porches with Red Velvet the Bridges with Scarlet and Stammel-cloth all which as the Emperour pass'd by were cut and snatch't by them that stood next besides new minted Coines of Gold and Silver cast among the People The Empress in her Palace was plac't before a great open Window in rich and shining Robes among her Ladies After this the Emperour came into Parliament where he had a Banquet serv'd by his Nobles in princely order two standing on either side his Chair with Battel-axes of Gold three of the next Roomes great and large being set round with Plate of Gold and Silver from the
Beast which they call a Morse who seeks his Food on the Rocks climing up with help of his Teeth whereof they make as great account as we of the Elephant's Tooth CHAP. II. Of Samoedia Siberia and other Countries north-east subject to the Muscovites NOrth-east of Russia lieth Samoedia by the River Ob. This Country was first discover'd by Oneke a Russian who first trading privately among them in rich Furrs got great Wealth and the knowledge of their Country then reveal'd his discovery to Boris Protectour to Pheodor shewing how beneficial that Country gain'd would be to the Empire Who sending Ambassadours among them gallantly attir'd by fair means won their subjection to the Empire every Head paying yearly two Skins of richest Sables Those Messengers travailing also 200 leagues beyond Ob east-ward made report of pleasant Countries abounding with Woods and Fountains and People riding on Elks and Loshes others drawn on Sleds by Rain-deer others by Dogs as swift as Deer The Somoeds that came along with those Messengers returning to Mosco admir'd the stateliness of that City and were as much admir'd for excellent Shooters hitting every time the breadth of a penny as far distant as hardly could be discern'd The River Ob is reported by the Russes to be in breadth the sayling of a Summer's day but full of Islands and Shoals having neither Woods nor till of late Inhabitants Out of Ob they turn into the River Tawze The Russians have here since the Samoeds yielded them subjection two Governours with 3 or 400 Gunners have built Villages and some small Castles all which Place they call Mongozey or Molgomzay Further up-land they have also built other Cities of Wood consisting chiefly of Poles Tartars and Russes fugitive or condemned men as Vergateria Siber whence the whole Country is nam'd Tinna thence Tobolsca on this side Ob on the Rivers Irtis and Tobol chief Seat of the Russian Governour above that Zergolta in an Island of Ob where they have a Custom house beyond that on the other side Ob Narim and Tooina now a great City Certain Churches also are erected in those Parts but no man forc'd to Religion beyond Narim eastward on the River Telta is built the Castle of Comgoscoi and all this Plantation began since the year 1590. with many other Towns like these And these are the Countries from whence come all the Sables and rich Furrs The Samoeds have no Towns or certain place of abode but up and down where they find Moss for their Deer they live in companies peaceably and are govern'd by some of the Ancientest amongst them but are Idolaters They shoot wondrous cunningly their Arrow heads are sharpned Stones or Fish-bones which latter serve them also for Needles their Thread being the Sinews of certain small Beasts wherewith they sowe the Furrs which cloath them the furry side in Summer outward in Winter inward They have many Wives and their Daughters they sell to him who bids most which if they be not lik't are turn'd back to their Friends the Husband allowing onely to the Father what the marriage Feast stood him in Wives are brought to bed there by their Husbands and the next day go about as before They till not the Ground but live on the Flesh of those Wild Beasts which they hunt They are the onely Guides to such as travaile Iougoria Siberia or any of those north-east parts in Winter being drawn on Sleds with Bucks riding post day and night if it be Moon-light and lodge on the Snow under Tents of Deer Skins in whatever place they find enough of white Moss to feed their Sled Staggs turning them loose to dig it up themselves out of the deep Snow another Samoede stepping to the next Wood brings in store of Firing round about which they lodge within their Tents leaving the top open to vent Smoak in which manner they are as warm as the Stoves in Russia They carry Provision of Meat with them and partake besides of what Fowle or Venison the Samoede kills with shooting by the way their Drink is melted Snow Two Deer being yoak'd to a Sled riding post will draw 200 miles in 24 hours without resting and laden with their Stuff will draw it 30 miles in 12. CHAP. III. Of Tingoesia and the Countries adjoyning eastward as far as Cathay BEyond Narim and Comgoscoi the Souldiers of those Garrisons travailing by appointment of the Russian Governour in the year 1605. found many goodly Countries not inhabited many vast Deserts and Rivers till at the end of ten weeks they spy'd certain Cottages and Herds or companies of People which came to them with reverent behaviour and signify'd to the Samoeds and Tartars which were Guides to the Russian Souldiers that they were call'd Tingoesi that their dwelling was on the great River Ienissey This River is said to be far bigger than Ob distant from the Mouth thereof 4 daies and nights sayling and likewise falls into the Sea of Naramzie it hath high Mountains on the East some of which cast out Fire to the West a plain and fertil Country which in the Spring time it overflowes about 70 leagues all that time the Inhabitants keep them in the Mountains and then return with their Cattel to the Plain The Tingoesi are a very gentle Nation they have great swoln Throats like those in Italy that live under the Alpes at perswasion of the Samoeds they forthwith submitted to the Russian Government and at their request travailing the next year to discover still eastward they came at length to a River which the Savages of that place call'd Pisida somewhat less than Ienissey beyond which hearing ofttimes the towling of Brazen Bells and sometimes the noise of Men and Horses they durst not pass over they saw there certain Sayles afar off square and therefore suppos'd to be like Indian or China Sayles and the rather for that they report that great Guns have been heard shot off from those Vessels In April and May they were much delighted with the fair prospect of that Country replenish't with many rare Trees Plants and Flowers Beasts and Fowle Some think here to be the Borders of Tangut in the north of Cathay Some of those Samoeds about the Year 1610. travail'd so far till they came in view of a White City and heard a great din of Bells and report there came to them Men all arm'd in Iron from head to foot And in the Year 1611. divers out of Cathay and others from Alteen Czar who stiles himself the golden King came and traded at Zergolta or Surgoot on the River Ob bringing with them Plates of Silver Whereupon Michael Pheodorowick the Russian Emperour in the Year 1619. sent certain of his People from Tooma to Alteen and Cathay who return'd with Ambassadours from those Princes These relate that from Tooma in ten daies and a half
ground up to the roof This Triumph lasted a week wherein many royal Pastimes were seen after which election was made of the Nobles to new Offices and Dignities The conclusion of all was a Peal of 170 Brass Ordnance two miles without the City and 20000 Harquebuzes twice over and so the Emperour with at least 50 thousand Horse return'd through the City to his Palace where all the Nobility Officers and Merchants brought him rich Presents Shortly after the Emperour by direction of Boris conquer'd the large Country of Siberia and took Prisoner the King thereof he remov'd also corrupt Officers and former Taxes In sum a great alteration in the Government follow'd yet all quietly and without tumult These things reported abroad strook such awe into the neighbour Kings that the Crim Tartar with his Wives also and many Nobles valiant and personable men came to visit the Russian There came also 12 hundred Polish Gentlemen many Circassians and People of other Nations to offer service Ambassadours from the Turk the Persian Georgian and other Tartar Princes from Almany Poland Sweden Denmark But this glory lasted not long through the treachery of Boris who procur'd the death first of Demetrius then of the Emperour himself whereby the imperial Race after the succession of 300 years was quite extinguish't Boris adopted as before was said third Son to Iuan Vasiliwich without impeachment now ascended the Throne but neither did he enjoy long what he had so wickedly compass'd Divine revenge raising up against him a Counterfeit of that Demetrius whom he had caus'd to be murthered at Ouglets This Upstart strength'd with many Poles and Cossacks appears in arms to claim his right out of the hands of Boris who sent against him an Army of 200 thousand Men many of whom revolted to this Demetrius Peter Basman the General returning to Mosco with the empty Triumph of a reported Victory But the Enemy still advancing Boris one day after a plentifull Meal finding himself heavy and pain'd in his Stomach laid him down on his Bed but ' ere his Doctours who made great haste came to him was found speechless and soon after dy'd with grief as is suppos'd of his ill success against Demetrius Before his death though it were speedy he would be shorn and new christn'd He had but one Son whom he lov'd so fondly as not to suffer him out of sight using to say he was Lord and Father of his Son and yet his Servant yea his Slave To gain the Peoples love which he had lost by his ill getting the Empire he us'd two Policies first he caus'd Mosco to be fir'd in four places that in the quenching thereof he might shew his great care and tenderness of the People among whom he likewise distributed so much of his Bounty as both new-built their Houses and repair'd their Losses At another time the People murmuring that the great Pestilence which had then swept away a third part of the Nation was the punishment of their electing him a Murtherer to reign over them he built Galleries round about the utmost Wall of Mosco and there appointed for one whole month 20 thousand pound to be given to the Poor which well nigh stopt their Mouths After the death of Boris Peter Basman their onely hope and refuge though a Young man was sent again to the Wars with him many English Scots French and Dutch who all with the other General Goleeche sell off to the new Demetrius whose Messengers coming now to the Suburbs of Mosco were brought by the Multitude to that spatious Field before the Castle Gate within which the Council were then sitting many of whom were by the Peoples threatning call'd out and constrain'd to hear the Letters of Demetrius openly read which long ' ere the end wrought so with the Multitude that furiously they broke into the Castle laying violence on all they met when strait appear'd coming towards them two Messengers of Demetrius formerly sent pittifully whipt and roasted which added to their rage Then was the whole City in an uproar all the great Counselours Houses ransack't especially of the Godonova's the Kindred and Family of Boris Such of the Nobles that were best belov'd by entreaty prevail'd at length to put an end to this Tumult The Empress flying to a safer place had her Collar of Pearl pull'd from her Neck and by the next Message command was given to secure her with her Son and Daughter Whereupon Demetrius by general consent was proclaim'd Emperour The Empress now seeing all lost counsel'd the Prince her Son to follow his Father's example who it seems had dispatch't himself by Poyson and with a desperate courage beginning the deadly Health was pledg'd effectually by her Son but the Daughter onely sipping escap'd Others ascribe this deed to the secret Command of Demetrius and Self-murther imputed to them to avoid the envy of such a Command Demetrius Evanowich for so he call'd himself who succeeded was credibly reported the Son of Gregory Peupoloy a Russe Gentleman and in his younger years to have been shorn a Fryar but escaping from the Monastery to have travail'd Germany and other Countries but chiefly Poland where he attain'd to good sufficiency in Arms and other Experience which rais'd in him such high thoughts as grounding on a common belief among the Russians that the young Demetrius was not dead but convey'd away and their hatred against Boris on this foundation with some other circumstances to build his hopes no lower than an Empire which on his first discovery found acceptation so generally as planted him at length on the Royal Seat but not so firmly as the fair beginning promis'd for in a short while the Russians finding themselves abus'd by an Impostor on the sixth day after his marriage observing when his Guard of Poles were most secure rushing into the Palace before break of day drag'd him out of his Bed and when he had confes'd the fraud pull'd him to pieces with him Peter Basman was also slain and both their dead Bodies laid open in the Market-place He was of no presence but otherwise of a princely disposition too bountifull which occasion'd some exactions in other matters a great lover of justice not unworthy the Empire which he had gotten and lost onely through greatness of mind neglecting the Conspiracy which he knew the Russians were plotting Some say their hatred grew for that they saw him alienated from the Russian Manners and Religion having made Buchinskoy a learned Protestant his Secretary Some report from Gilbert's relation who was a Scot and Captain of his Guard that lying on his Bed awake not long before the Conspiracy he saw the appearance of an aged man coming toward him at which he rose and call'd to them that watch'd but they denied to have seen any such pass by them He returning to his Bed and within an hour after troubl'd again with the same Apparition sent for Buchinskoy telling him he had now twice
three daies whereof over a Lake where Rubies and Saphirs grow they came to the Alteen King or King of Alty through his Land in five weeks they pass'd into the Country of Sheromugaly or Mugalla where reigned a Queen call'd Manchika whence in four daies they came to the Borders of Cathay fenc't with a stone Wall 15 fathom high along the side of which having on the other hand many pretty Towns belonging to Queen Manchika they travail'd ten daies without seeing any on the Wall till they came to the Gate Where they saw very great Ordnance lying and 3000 men in watch They traffick with other Nations at the Gate and very few at once are suffered to enter They were travailing from Tooma to this Gate 12 weeks and from thence to the great City of Cathay ten daies Where being conducted to the House of Ambassadours within a few daies there came a Secretary from King Tambur with 200 Men well apparell'd and riding on Asses to feast them with divers sorts of Wine and to demand their Message but having brought no Presents with them they could not be admitted to his sight onely with his Letter to the Emperour they return'd as is aforesaid to Tobolsca They report that the Land of Mugalla reaches from Boghar to the north Sea and hath many Castles built of Stone four-square with Towers at the Corners cover'd with glazed Tiles and on the Gates Alarum-Bells or Watch-Bells twenty pound weight of Metal their Houses built also of Stone the Seelings cunningly painted with Flowers of all Colours The People are Idolaters the Country exceeding fruitfull They have Asses and Mules but no Horses The People of Cathay say that this great Wall stretches from Boghar to the north Sea four months journey with continual Towers a flight-shot distant from each other and Beacons on every Tower and that this Wall is the bound between Mugalla and Cathay In which are but five Gates those narrow and so low that a Horse-man sitting upright cannot ride in Next to the Wall is the City Shirokalga it hath a Castle well furnish't with short Ordnance and small Shot which they who keep watch on the Gates Towers and Walls duly at Sun set and rising discharge thrice over The City abounds with rich Merchandize Velvets Damasks Cloth of Gold and Tissue with many sorts of Sugars Like to this is the City Tara their Markets smell odoriferously with Spices and Tayth more rich than that Shirooan yet more magnificent half a day's journey through and exceeding populous From hence to Cathaia the imperial City is two daies journey built of White-stone four-square in circuit four daies going corner'd with four White Towers very high and great and others very fair along the Wall white intermingl'd with blew and Loop-holes furnisht with Ordnance In midst of this White City stands a Castle built of Magnet where the King dwels in a sumptuous Palace the top whereof is overlaid with Gold The City stands on even ground encompass'd with the River Youga 7 daies journey from the Sea The People are very fair but not warlike delighting most in rich Traffick These Relations are referr'd hither because we have them from Russians who report also that there is a Sea beyond Ob so warm that all kind of Sea-Fowl live thereabout as well in Winter as in Summer Thus much briefly of the Sea and Lands between Russia and Cathay CHAP. IV. The Succession of Moscovia Dukes and Emperours taken out of their Chronicles by a Polack with some later Additions THE great Dukes of Muscovy derive their Pedegree though without ground from Augustus Caesar whom they fable to have sent certain of his Kindred to be Governours over many remote Provinces and among them Prussus over Prussia him to have had his Seat on the eastern Baltick Shoar by the River Wixel of whom Rurek Sinaus and Truuor descended by the Fourth Generation were by the Russians living then without Civil Government sent for in the Year 573. to bear rule over them at the perswasion of Gostomislius chief Citizen of Novogrod They therefore taking with them Olechus their Kinsman divided those Countries among themselves and each in his Province taught them Civil Government Ivorson of Rurek the rest dying without Issue became Successour to them all being left in nonage under the protection of Olechus He took to wife Olha Daughter to a Citizen of Plesco of whom he begat Stoslaus but after that being slain by his Enemies Olha his Wife went to Constantinople and was there baptiz'd Helena Stoslaus fought many Battails with his Enemies but was at length by them slain who made a Cup of his Scull engrav'n with this Sentence in Gold Seeking after other Mens he lost his own His Sons were Teropolchus Olega and Volodimir Volodimir having slain the other two made himself sole Lord of Russia yet after that fact enclining to Christian Religion had to wife Anna Sister of Basilius and Constantine Greek Emperours and with all his People in the Year 988. was baptiz'd and call'd Basilius Howbeit Zonaras reporteth that before that time Basilius the Greek Emperour sent a Bishop to them at whose preaching they not being mov'd but requiring a Miracle he after devout Prayers taking the Book of Gospel into his hands threw it before them all into the Fire which remaining there unconsum'd they were converted Volodimir had eleven Sons among whom he divided his Kingdom Boristus and Glebus for their holy Life register'd Saints and their Feast kept every year in November with great solemnity The rest through contention to have the sole Government ruin'd each other leaving onely Iaroslaus inheritour of all Volodimir Son of Iaroslaus kept his Residence in the ancient City Kiow upon the River Boristenes And after many conflicts with the Sons of his Uncles and having subdu'd all was call'd Monomachus He made war with Constantine the Greek Emperour wasted Thracia and returning home with great spoils to prepare new war was appeas'd by Constantine who sent Neophytus Bishop of Ephesus and Eustathius Abbot of Ierusalem to present him with part of our Saviour's Cross and other rich Gifts and to salute him by the name of Czar or Caesar with whom he thenceforth enter'd into league and amity After him in order of descent Vuszevolodus George Demetrius Then George his Son who in the Year 1237. was slain in battail by the Tartar Prince Bathy who subdu'd Muscovia and made it tributary From that time the Tartarians made such Dukes of Russia as they thought would be most pliable to their ends of whom they requir'd as oft as Ambassadours came to him out of Tartary to go out and meet them and in his own Court to stand bare-headed while they sate and deliver'd their Message At which time the Tartars wasted also Polonia Silesia and Hungaria till Pope Innocent the Fourth obtain'd peace of them for 5 years This Bathy say the Russians was the Father of Tamerlan whom they call
might freely traffick where they were But ' ere this Messenger could return having lost his way the Muscovites themselves loath that our men should depart which they made shew to doe furnish't them with Guides and other Conveniences to bring them to their King's presence Chancelor had now gon more than half his journey when the Sled man sent to Court meets him on the way delivers him the Emperour's Letters which when the Russes understood so willing they were to obey the Contents thereof that they quarrell'd and strove who should have the preferment to put his Horses to the Sled So after a long and troublesome journey of 1500 miles he arriv'd at Mosco After he had remain'd in the City about 12 daies a Messenger was sent to bring them to the King's House Being enter'd within the Court Gates and brought into an outward Chamber they beheld there a very honourable company to the number of a hunder'd sitting all apparell'd in Cloth of gold down to their Ancles next conducted to the Chamber of presence there sate the Emperour on a lofty and very royal Throne on his Head a Diadem of gold his Robe all of Goldsmiths work in his Hand a chrystal Sceptre garnish'd and beset with precious Stones no less was his Countenance full of majesty Beside him stood his chief Secretary on his other side the great Commander of silence both in Cloth of gold then sate his Council of 150 round about on high Seats clad all as richly Chancelor nothing abash'd made his obeysance to the Emperour after the English manner The Emperour having taken and read his Letters after some enquiry of King Edward's Health invited them to dinner and till then dismiss'd them But before dismission the Secretary presented their Present bareheaded till which time they were all cover'd and before admittance our men had charge not to speak but when the Emperour demanded ought Having sat two hours in the Secretary's Chamber they were at length call'd in to dinner where the Emperour was set at Table now in a Robe of silver and another Crown on his Head This place was call'd the golden Palace but without cause for the English men had seen many fairer round about the room but at distance were other long Tables in the midst a Cupboard of huge and massy goblets and other Vessels of gold and silver among the rest four great Flagons nigh two yards high wrought in the top with devices of Towers and Dragons heads The Guests ascended to their Tables by three steps all apparell'd in Linnen and that lin'd with rich Furrs The Messes came in without order but all in Chargers of gold both to the Emperour and to the rest that din'd there which were two hundred persons on every Board also were set Cups of gold without number The Servitors one hundred and forty were likewise array'd in gold and waited with Caps on their heads They that are in high favour sit on the same Bench with the Emperour but far off Before Meat came in according to the custom of their Kings he sent to every Guest a slice of Bread whom the Officer naming saith thus Iohn Basiliwich Emperour of Russ c. doth reward thee with Bread at which words all men stand up Then were Swans in several pieces serv'd in each piece in a several Dish which the great Duke sends about as the Bread and so likewise the Drink In dinner time he twice chang'd his Crown his Waiters thrice their Apparel to whom the Emperour in like manner gives both Bread and Drink with his own hands which they say is done to the intent that he may perfectly know his own Houshold and indeed when dinner was done he call'd his Nobles every one before him by name and by this time Candles were brought in for it grew dark and the English departed to their Lodgings from dinner an hour within night In the Year 1555. Chancelor made another voiage to this Place with Letters from Queen Mary had a House in Mosco and Diet appointed him and was soon admitted to the Emperour's presence in a large room spread with Carpets at his entring and salutation all stood up the Emperour onely sitting except when the Queen's name was read or spoken for then he himself would rise at dinner he sate bareheaded his Crown and rich Cap standing on a Pinacle by Chancelor returning for England Osep Napea Governour of Wologda came in his Ship Ambassadour from the Russe but suffering shipwrack in Pettislego a Bay in Scotland Chancelor who took more care to save the Ambassadour than himself was drown'd the Ship rifled and most of her lading made booty by the People thereabout In the Year 1557. Osep Napea returned into his Countrey with Antony Ienkinson who had the command of four tall Ships He reports of a Whirlpool between the Rost Islands and Lofoot call'd Malestrand which from half ebb till half flood is heard to make so terrible a noise as shakes the Door-rings of Houses in those Islands ten mile off Whales that come within the Current thereof make a pittifull cry Trees carried in and cast out again have the ends and boughs of them so beaten as they seem like the stalks of bruized Hemp. About Zeinam they saw many Whales very monstrous hard by their Ships whereof some by estimation sixty foot long they roard hideously it being then the time of their engendring At Wardhouse he saith the Cattel are fed with Fish Coming to Mosco he found the Emperour sitting aloft in a Chair of state richly crown'd a Staff of gold in his hand wrought with costly stone Distant from him sate his Brother and a Youth the Emperour's Son of Casan whom the Russ had conquer'd there din'd with him diverse Ambassadours Christian and Heathen diversely apparell'd his Brother with some of the chief Nobles sate with him at Table the Guests were in all six hundred In dinner time came in six Musicians and standing in the midst sung three several times but with little or no delight to our men there din'd at the same time in other Halls two thousand Tartars who came to serve the Duke in his Wars The English were set at a small Table by themselves direct before the Emperour who sent them diverse Bowles of Wine and Meath and many Dishes from his own hand the Messes were but mean but the change of Wines and several Meaths were wonderfull As oft as they din'd with the Emperour he sent for them in the Morning and invited them with his own mouth On Christmass day being invited they had for other provision as before but for store of gold and silver Plate excessive among which were twelve Barrels of silver hoop'd with fine gold containing twelve gallons apiece 1560. Was the first English traffick to the Narve in Livonia till then conceal'd by Danskers and Lubeckers 1561. The same Antony Ienkinson made another voiage to Mosco and arriv'd while the Emperour was celebrating his