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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A19936	A true relation of the travailes and most miserable captiuitie of William Dauies, barber-surgion of London, vnder the Duke of Florence VVherein is truly set downe the manner of his taking, the long time of his slauierie, and meanes of his deliuerie, after eight yeeres, and ten moneths captiuitie in the gallies. Discouering many manye landes, ilandes, riuers, cities, and townes, of the Christians and infidels, the condition of the people, and the manner of their countrey: with many more strange things, as in the booke is briefely and plainely expressed. By William Dauies, barber-surgion of London, and borne in the citie of Hereford.	Davies, William, barber-surgion of London.	1614 (1614)	STC 6365; ESTC S109386	26,244	42

hauing great store of silke wo●mes which yéeldeth them abundance of Silke Also this Iland yéelds great store of fruits of all sorts and store of Cattell of all sorts Thrée sorts of Beasts this Iland yeeldes which differ farre from ours in England that is to say a Bu●fella differs from an Ore their Cammels from our Horses and their Sheepe from ours The Bu●fella is a Beast after the manner of an Ore but that hée is bigger and not so high nor so long as the tallest of our Oxen yet one of them is as strong as thrée of our Oxen for two of them doe the labour of sixe Oxen their hornes are flat and at mid-day when they vse to rest them they take them and turne them into a water where they will stand for the space of two houres couered quite ouer the backes in water then will they yoke them and worke them as fresh till night as they did in the Morning without any bayting at all Their Cammels is a meruailous tall beast hauing a necke twise as long as a Horse and a great bunch growing about the middle of his backe as bigge as a pecke hée is clouen footed and his tayle little and for his strength he will carry as much on his backe as foure horses and continue with his carriage on his backe thréescore houres without meat or rest I haue séene foure thousand of them laden at one time with Merchandise going a very slow pace and nothing so fast as a Carriers horse yet will they continue that pace two dayes and two nights together without any eating or drinking and when they doe rest and féede it is but slender and verie little in this manner when they come to their resting place they lye downe with their lading vpon their backes Then the Moores or Turkes put a Ball made of Date stones beaten into euery one of their mouthes the pouder of the stones being compounded with Linséede Oyle and the white of Egges which makes the Balls as hard as Stones and thus they will liue and continue their trauaile sixtéene dayes and nights together receiuing the said rest and reliefe at euery two dayes end Their Shéepe are twise as bigge as ours in England but in all fashions like our Shéepe except the tayle for their tayles are meruailous great broad and thicke being very fat for I haue weighed many of their tayles flayed from the Butchers and they haue waighed ten eleuen and twelue pound waight and throughout all Barbarie and Turkie they haue plenty of these beasts and also all kind of beasts that we haue in England There liue many Gréekes in all parts throughout the Turkes Dominions but in great bondage and pouertie they are good Christians abhorring the Idolatry of Rome and obseruing the same computation for Christmasse and other festiuals that we doe in England Also there are Jewes in all parts of Turkie and Barbary and all parts of Christendome England excepted yet though they be thus dispersed throughout most parts of the world liuing in extreame slauery yet shall you not see one Jew begge his bread One thing I haue greatly maruelled at that a Jew is respected more in Christendome then with the Turks for the Turks as you haue heard detests him aboue any Nation tying him to a notable and knowne marke or manner of apparrell and yeelding him no Law or right eyther against Turke or Christian whereas contrarywise in Christendome he is tyed to no manner of weare but may goe in what shape he lists and for Law by reason of his wealth hee shall sooner haue right done to him then a Christian wherefore in my minde the Turke greatly in this condemnes the Popish Christian for it is an ordinary saying with them tha● if a Jew had put Mahomet to death nay but touched the hem of his garment violently they would not haue left one of the race of them aliue nor yet any thing or building vnraced that might procure their memory But in Christendome they are suffered to build Sinagogues and to vse their Religion publikely But I beseech the Almightie God that this our Land of England may neuer be defiled eyther by Pope Turke or Jew IX The Description and discouery of Sicillia SIcillia is a famous Iland of the Spaniards hauing many worthie Cities vpon it This Iland is in bignesse seauen hundred miles about very fruitfull and plentifull of all things as Silke Flesh and Fish Corne Wine and Oyle with great store of Fruit. This Iland is gouerned by a Vizeroy vnder the king of Spaine his chiefs abiding is at Palerm● or Mercina two famous Cittes but his chiefest residence is at Palerma This City lyeth in low ground hauing a Mountaine néere it called Monta Pellagrune This Citie is very populous being rich of Marchandize and wealthy Marchants At this Citie I haue beene very often in the time of my sla●●●te in the Dukes Gallies Also néere this Citie there is a Towne called Trappany in which Towne there is a Monastarie wherein they affirme that the Pillar of Salt that Lots Wise was turned vnto comming out of Sodome is They professe the Romish Religion through out this Iland both men and Women speaking the Italian tongue generally as many as be borne in the Iland and are called Sicillianes Mercina being another famous Citie lyeth close vpon the Sea and is scituated vpon high ground vnder the foote of a great Mountayne This City is strongly fortified and planted with O●●●●nce also there is great store of Gallies and Shipping belonging to this place which doth much offend the Turke ●●t chiefely they are employed in Marchandiye This high Mountayne that hangs ouer the Citie is called Mungebella and standeth in the East-part of this Iland the top of it burning continually both night and day and by reason of the fiercenesse of the fire hath consumed many Uillages The reason of this fire is a Brimstone or a Sulphure Mine which being high is as all men imagine set a fire by the heate of the Sunne as the Iland Strambula is which continually burneth and many other high places more that I haue séene as Mount Aetna the pike of Teneriffe a Southward Iland and many others c. Unto this Citie Mercina belongs a straight entrance by Sea commonly called the ●ale of Mercina it lyeth betwixt the Land of Sicillia and Calabria very dangerous to passe through for any Ship except they are very well experimented For my part I know this place well being often there in the ●●me of my slauerie X. The Description and discouery of ●●ggadore MVggadore is an Iland of the Moores and lyeth néere the Lan● o● ●arbary without the Straights not farre from the Lands of the Kings of Fesse and Morrocco Th●s Il●nd is not inhabited but very barren being all Rocks by the 〈…〉 side and very smoothe on the to● and full of bushes 〈…〉 Pidgions doe b●eede in great store we held it nothing 〈…〉 〈…〉 sixe or eight in company together into

TRVE RELATION OF THE TRAVAILES and most miserable Captiuitie of William Dauies Barber-Surgion of London vnder the Duke of FLORENCH VVherein is truly set downe the manner of his taking the long time of his slauerie and meanes of his deliuerie after eight yeeres and ten moneths Captiuitie in the Gallies Discouering many mayne Landes Ilandes Riuers Cities and townes of the Christians and Infidels the condition of the people and the manner of their Countrey with many more strange things as in the Booke is briefely and plainely expressed By William Dauies Barber-Surgion of London and borne in the Citie of Hereford LONDON Printed for Nicholas Bourne and are to be sold at the South-entrance of the Royall Exchange 1614. A Table of all those places that he hath beene at and in since his departure Alphabetically composed viz. A ALexandria A Citie in Turkie Argier A Citie in Barbary Alegant A Citie in Spayn● A●●a●●● A Riuer in the West Indies Ar●no●h● A Riuer in the West Indies B BRaats In the Mayne a mayne land of the Turkes Bizert A towne in Barbary Bona A towne in Barbary Baye A towne in Brazile Budgie A towne in Barbary C CIci●●ia A famous Iland of the Spaniards Can●se A famous Iland of the Venetians Cipris A famous Iland of the Turkes Cirrigo An Iland of the Venetians Christiana An Iland of the Greekes Corrune A towne of the Turkes Corphou A Citie of the Venetians Corsigo An Iland of the Genowes Callary A Citie vpon Sardina Carthageine A towne in Spayne Cales A Citie of the Spaniards Corues An Iland of the Spaniards D DEnei A towne in Castillia F FLorence A famous Citie of the great Dukes Famagosta A Citie vpon Cyprus Fernandobuck A towne in Brazyle Fi●lk An Iland of the Spaniards Floures An Iland of the Spaniards G GOodz● An Iland inhabited by Greekes Genowey A famous Citie in Italy Grand Maligo A Citie in Spayne G●●ne A Riuer in the West Indies Gratiose An Iland of the Spaniards I IO●a An Iland of the Turkes Iuersey An Iland of the Spaniards Iublatore A towne of the Spaniards L LIlbo An Iland gouerned by Spaniards and Italians Lisbor●e A famous Citie in Portugall Luca A Citie in Tuskanie Ligorne A famous Citie of the Duke of Florence M MAlta A famous Iland M●ntua A famous Citie in Italy M●aona A towne in Turkie Maluedra A towne in Castile Mayorke An Iland of the Spaniards M●●●ork An Iland of the Spaniards Massegant A Towne in Barbary Muggadore An Iland in Barbary Muria An Iland in the West Indies N NAples A famous Citie in Calabria Naueyrne A towne of the Turkes P PAlerma A famous Citie in Sicillia Petras A Citie in Turkie Portercula A strong towne of the Spaniards Pume-bien A towne of the Spaniards Peza A Citie in Tuskany Porta Richo An Iland in the West Indies Portaferare A strange towne of the Duke of Florence Porta longe A towne of the Spaniards R ROme The chiefe Citie of the Pope Regi A towne in Calabria S STrumbula A burning Iland Sapientia An Iland of the Turkes Salerna A towne in Calabria Syppa de Vecchia An ancient Citie Sardina A famous Iland of the Spaniards St. Maries An Iland of the Spaniards St. Lucas A Citie of the Spaniards Sapphi● A towne in Barbary Sancta Cruce A towne in Barbary Santa Lucia An Iland of the Spaniards Santa Martyne An Iland of the Spaniards St. Michaels An Iland of the Spaniards Scanderune In the bottome of the straits gouerned by Turkes St. Georgis An Iland of the Spaniards Scena A Citie in Tuskany T THe Rhodes held by the Turkes The Strauales And Iland inhabited by Greekes Tarrant A Towne in Calabria The Geta A towne of the Popes Tunis A great Citie in Barbary Tit●an A towne in Barbarie Tangere A Towne in Barbary The Riuer of Amazons in the West Indies Trnidado An Iland of the West Indies Teneriefe An Iland of the Spaniards The Grand Canaries inhabited by Spaniards V VAlentia A famous Citie in Castile Uize Maligo A towne in Spayne Ualdeny A towne in Brachademayne W VVIapocho A Riuer in the West Indies Z ZAnt An Iland of the Venetians Zumbula An Iland of the Turkes HEere in this Table haue I not spoken of France nor of any part of the Low-Countries neither of Ireland in all which places I haue beene nor yet of England the Garden of the world because I count it a folly to tell the Master of the house the condition of the Seruants for euery man by naturall reason can discouer his owne home Now haue I thought it fit out of the former Table to select twelue principall places in discouery whereof I shall not omit as occasion is offered to speake of the rest and how I came to euery place with the names of Ships and Gallies with the owners and Masters and how many leagues each of these twelue places are from England FOr proofe of what I haue herein written concerning my slauery and thraldome I haue procured though not without some cost and more trauell sixe of the chiefest masters of ships of London who see me and relieued me often during my thraldome to subscribe their hands hereunto as also the hands of diuers Masters and Surgions of other places in England whose names follow viz. Robert Thorneton Master of the good ship called the Royall Marchant of London Thomas Gardiner Master of the good ship called the Triumph of London Robert Bradshaw Master of the good ship called the William and Thomas of London Thomas Rickman Master of the good ship called the Mary Anne of London Iames Dauies Master of the good ship called the Isaak of London George Millard Master of the good ship called the May-flowre of London Denis Dauies Barber Surgion of London Thomas Rousley Barber Surgion of London Charles Hearne Barber Surgion of Bristow Richard W●ight Barber Surgion of Plymouth Walter Mathew Owner of the good ship called the Mathewes farme of Plymouth Richard Rowe Owner of the good ship called the Portion of Milbrook in the countie of Cornwell Many others moe as well Noble men Knights Gentlemen as owners Masters and Surgions did see and can witnesse my slauery whose hands lik●wise I might easily haue procured but that con●●●ering the businesse to be of no great importance I held it needlesse to trouble either them or my selfe any further and these present witnesses are sufficient The twelue principall places are thus distinguished VIZ. Three Cities and three Ilands of the Christians and three Cities and three Ilands of the Infidels The Christians be the Pope the Spaniards and the Italian The infidels be the Turke the Moore and the Indian The Names of the twelue places 1 CIuita de Vecchia A Citie of the Popes 2 Argeir A Citie of the Turkes 3 Tunys A great Citie of the Moores 4 Ligorne A Citie of the Italians 5 Naples A famous Citie of the Spaniards 6 The Riuer of the Amazons in the West Indies 7 Malta an Iland of the Popes very

famous 8 Cyprus A famous Iland of the Turkes 9 S●●●l●ia A famous Iland of the Spaniards 10 Muggadore An Iland of the Moores 11 Candy A famous Iland of the Italians 12 Morria An Iland of the Indians The Trauailes and miserable Captiuitie of William Dauies Barber-Surgion of LONDON I Departed out of England the 28. of Ianuarie 1597. in the good ship named the Francis of Saltash in the countie of of Cornwell Master Tyball Geare Owner and William Lewellyn Master of her being laden with Fish and Herings and such like commodities then bound for the Strayts and to arriue at Ciuita de Vecchia to the will and pleasure of God where we arriued the sixt day of March insuing whose description followeth by me William Dauies Barber-Surgion of London and borne in the Citie of Heriford I. The Description of Ciuita de Vecchia CIuita de Vecchia is an ancient Citie of the Popes lying in low ground a dayes iourney from Rome by land this City lieth close vpon the Sea very strongly fortified and planted with Ordinance to the East side a strong Castle or Fort And also the like vpon the West side in this place the Popes Gallies lie and shipping For there is a harbour and fayre mould for their safetie For the Pope hath no other place for Ships or Gallies but Rome and there none will come vp but small Barkes and Boates and such like by reason of the shallownesse of the Riuer In this Ciuita de Vecchia are altogether Romanes wholly professing the Romish Religion saying directly that the Pope is God an earth and that he can forgiue any sinne whatsoeuer being committed which makes the most part of them or all runne desperately into most deadly sinnes For very Murther they hold it no great sinne being committed receiuing of the Popes pardon or else getting into some Monasterie where they may be confessed and absolued whereby no Law can take hold of them at their comming forth being apt and readie within a wéeke or fortnight after to commit the like Murther then receiuing the like pardon or absolution as before they had done and thus many bloodie minded men continue their life-time for it is an easie matter for a man to haue his aduersarie kild or poysoned for money although his executioner neuer sée him till such time as he committeth this bloudie déed being hired by another Also in this Countrey their women are very lewde and wicked for euen in that ancient Citie of Rome there are many thousands of lewd liuing women that pay monethly vnto the Pope for the sinnefull vse of their wicked bodies some pay sixe Crownes a moneth and so from sixe Crownes to one for they are rated according to their outward shew and for the no●-payment of this monethly pay they shall haue their goods strained and carried out of their houses or chambers by the Popes officers and kept from them till such time as satisfaction is made to the Pope So it is lawfull for any man to vse any of these women as his owne wife neither shall he be molested or troubled or otherwise indangered so he escape secret occasions of danger for this woman will be as dutifull vnto him as his seruant alwaies attending his pleasure for his diet or any thing else belonging vnto him he giuing her content with his purse but she not receiuing content may as lawfully arrest him and cast him into prison till such time as she doth receiue satisfaction being recouered by Law for they hold their liuings by the Pope Now as I haue spoken of two deadly sinnes wherein they excéed so will I speake of one thing wherein some of them are to be commended that is this If there be any Christian of what Nation soeuer poore and in distresse making his case knowne and asking for Christs sake he shall be relieued with all those necessaries whereof he is destitute as apparrell meat and drinke and some money though it be but little if he be sicke then shall he be put into an Hospitall where he shall be cho●sely attended vpon hauing good lodging dai●tie diet and comfortable Phisicke for the r●storing of his health whether he be Papist or Protestant but if he be a Papist he shall be the better vsed and if he be a Protestant they will vse all meanes they can to conuert him but force him to nothing at all In these Countries it is dangerous for an Englishman being a Protestant to speake any thing against the Pope or his Religion especially vnto another Englishman that is a Papist yet this English Papist will séeke all the meanes possible to intrappe the Protestant and will speake ill words of himselfe to draw him to the like but when he hath made him vtter the secrets of his heart then will he make it knowne and more then the Protestant spake to some chiefe man of a Church by whom he shall be forced to alter his Religion or to be burned or put in some secret prison where he shall be starued to death and this is the manner and fashion in all Countries of Christendome within the Popes Jurisdiction not onely of the treacherie of the English Papists but also of the other deadly sinnes which I touched before as their murther and adultry and in like manner of their generall compassion to a distressed Christian What I haue héere written I speake not of heare-say nor by imaignation but directly haue séene and of mine owne knowledge you may speake it being too long a time amongst them against my will II. The Description and discouery of Argeir ARgeir is a maruellous strong Citie and gouerned by the Turk lying vpon the side of an vpright hill close vpon the Sea this Citie is very strongly fortified with Castels Forts and platformes with great store of Ordinance planted about it also there are many Gallies belonging to this place which doe much offend the Christians in taking of their ships Tartanes and Satties and other small vessels making all the Christians that they take slaues selling of them in their markets like horses for according to age and strength they are prised This Citie is gouerned by a King being vassall to the great Turke Also there are great store of Janizaries in it to the number of 20. or 30000. at one time these Ianizaries are chiefe Souldiers and gouerned by a Dane which is a generall vnder the great Turke These Turks are goodly people of parson and of a very faire complexion but very villains in minde for they are altogether Sodomites and doe all things contrarie to a Christian For they doe neuer lye in a bed nor féede vpon a Table yet their féeding and diet is very plentifull their bedding and apparrell is very neat and costly the manner of their lodging is thus There is a very faire table in a roome about thrée yards in breadth and as many in length standing in height one yard from the ground and thereon they vse to spread a

the bignesse of a little Towne continuing there till such time as their Cattell haue eaten vp the grasse and then being able to stay there no longer they remooue to another place where they liue as before they had done and thus they doe spend their liues By reason the Countrey is continually hotte their féeding is plentifull but their apparrell poore and bare neyther haue they any but what they buy with the increase of their Cattell carrying them often to the Townes Cities and Market places néere where they haue sale for them These Moores are very ingenious people cunning and treacherous Now leaue we Tunys in the same Ship that I came out of England in named the Francis of Sal●ash being bound to Syo within the Arches of Archipelago and fraighted with Turkish goods by Turkes and some Turks aboord with vs for wée traded as well with the Turke as the Christian but we had not sailed aboue foure leagues out of our Port in the night season but that we were most fiercely set vpon by sixe of the Duke of Florence his Gallies who being in continuall warre with the Turke tooke vs as a Turkish prize which spit fire like diue●s to our great discomfort but at length couraging of our selues in Gods mercies we continued fight with them to the losse of many a mans life of each fide but all in vaine for vs for they were fortie for one of vs and our Sip torne downe to the water with their Ordinance our mayne Mast and missen Mast shot by the boord the ●●e end of the Mast with all the sayles lying in the Sea the other end aboord thus were we taken and stript euery man starke naked and then were we distributed some into one Gallie and some into another where we had as many Irons knocked vpon vs and more than then we were able to beare Our Ship presently sent to Ligorne being mended as well as they could but we in the Gallies continued a moneth before we came thither to the losse of many of our liues but at length comming thither as many of vs as were left aliue were thus intertained We w●re all shauen both head and beard and euery man had giuen him a red coate and a red cap telling of vs that the Duke had made vs all Slaues to our great woe and griefe where I continued eight yéeres and ten moneths in this slauerie as in the next discouerie shall be truly spoken of IIII. The Description and discouery of Ligorne LIgorne is a Citie of the Duke of Florence and lyeth in low ground hauing many towers without it standing in the Sea also to this Towne doth belong a wilde road and two very faire moulds for the safetie of the Dukes Gallies In the entrance of these moulds is a very strong Castle with great store of Ordnance planted also the Towne is very strongly fortified for it is the chiefe garrison of the great Dukes where is continually great store of Souldiers in pay Which Souldiers are alwaies imployed in his shipping or Gallies wherewith he doth more offend the Turke then all Christendome for they doe take Gallies and Carmizals and Brigantéens and Townes of the Turkes and Moores possessing of Men Women and Children and selling them in Markets like to Horses Cowes or Shéepe reseruing the strongest for his owne flauery In this place I liued eight yéeres and ten moneths thrée yéeres of this time I liued in this manner from Sunne rising to Sunne set chained in a Cart like a horse receiuing more blowes then any Cart-horse in England our diet being Bread and Water and not so much Bread in thrée daies as we might haue eaten at once thus we were vsed to goe fortie or fiftie Carts together being all slaues our lading would be Sand or Lyme or Bricke or some such like and to draw it whither the Officers appointed vs for their buildings These Italians are very deceitfull people for when they laugh in a mans face they will séeke to kill him yet they are very cowards being naturall Italians their women are altogether wicked and lewde Thrée yéeres being spent in this manner all we English men were called as many as were left aliue making choise of the ablest of vs to goe into the Gallies of which I was one chosen then did my miserie increase many-fold for then I was made a Gally slaue to row at an Oare where our former diet lessened but blowes increased to the losse of many of our liues We were shauen Head and Beard euery eight or tenth day being alwaies naked but onely a payre of linnen bréeches and chaines continually In this time I was at the taking of many a Towne and Gally of the Turkes though sore against my will séeing of many Cities Ilands and mayne Lands in the time of my slauerie where I continued sixe yéeres a Gally-slaue finding in all this time much comfort and reliefe from English Marchants that were Protestants and also from many English Masters and owners of Ships But from English men being Papists none at all The miserie of the Gallies doth surpasse any mans iudgement or imagination neyther would any man thinke that such torture or torment were vsed in the world but onely they that féele it the extreamitie of miserie causeth many a slaue to kill themselues or else séeke to kill their Officers but we were not suffered to haue so much as a knife about vs yea if we had gotten one by any extraordinarie meanes and offered any violence to any Officer we should presently haue lost our nose and eares and receiued a hundred blowes en our bare backe and a hundred on our belly with a double rope or a Buls pis●e continuing a slaue still But I intreated the Almightie God to grant me grace that I might indure it patiently that féeling that extreamitie in bodie in this world how farre would the torments of hell haue surpassed and excéeded it if I had in this my earthly torture béene accessary to mine owne death as many were But at length God of his great goodnesse and mercy deliuered me according to my hope in this manner The great Duke fitted a ship a Tartane and a Frigot being very well appointed and victualled dispesing of them into the West Indies and chiefely for the Kiuer of the Amazons appointing Captaine Robert Thornton an Englishman to be chiefe Commaunder of the Ship the Tartane and the Frigot so likewise was euery other Officer appointed by the Duke himselfe insomuch as speaking of the placing of a Phisition a Surgion and a Surgions mate Captaine Thornton standing by said your Highnesse may doe well to deliuer a poore Englishman that hath continued a great while in your Gallies hée is well experimanted in P●●sicka and Surgery by reason of his long practise both by Sea an Land he is hardned to the Sea and able to discharge the place better then the thrée before mentioned for in the Gallies he doth your Highnes but the

in the fields like to a Dog and a Lutheran as thou art thy selfe therefore I charge thée in the Dukes name to goe along with mée which command I durst not denie but went with him where he brought me before thrée or foure aged Friers of the Inquisition they asked of me whether I were that Lutheran that buried a good Christian in the fields for he was a Romane Catholike and confest and receiued the Sacrament like to a good Christian and therefore thou shalt be burned for thou hast done contrary to the Law of Rome I answered that I had buried a good Christian but not a Romane Catholike neither was he confest nor receiued the Sacrament they replied if this be not true which thou hast said thou shalt surely die for it Therefore take him and put him into the secret whither vnto I was brought which is a prison in this manner Many double doores being opened I passed through two or thrée outward prisons then comming to the doore of the secret whereinto I was thrust it was so darke that I could sée no part of my body then féeling round about me with my hands I found it to be very short in length lesse in breadth but of height I know not how high because I could neither sée nor féele the top In this place I was almost ouer shoes in the filth of other men that had died there before who neuer liued aboue eight or ten daies there at the most Then wrapping one arme within another and leaning against the wall calling to minde Iobs miseries and Daniels afflictions amidst the Lions and incouraging my selfe in Gods mercy sung a Psalme very chéerefully to the praise and glory of God wherein I was greatly comforted Then did I draw off my shoes and stockings with my bare féete swept all the trash and filth into one corner In this manner I liued fortie houres before any sléepe possest me and then being desirous of sléepe I sate downe and leaned my head against the wall and slept very soundly being altogether comforted with a liuely hope in the Almighty God that he would deliuer me according to my trust as he had done before And when most extreames would oppresse me then would I be most ioyfull finding alwaies an inward motion saying be of good comfort the Lord will deliuer thée In this manner I liued sixtéene daies my food being bread water and my lodging vpon the cold stones and being yet aliue they held it a miracle that I should liue there so long saying this Lutherane hath a Lions heart for we neuer knew any to liue aboue ten daies wherfore let vs haue him forth to be examined Then was I brought before the high Inquisitioner who demanded of me whether he that I buried had receiued the Sacrament confest according to the Romane order or no I answered no he was a good Christian but receiued not the Sacrament nor was not confest after the order of Rome then he said that he was by a Frier of the Mesericordia therefore thou shalt be burned Then I intreated that I might but speake and he said speake on then I asked them this whether the Frier that confest him could speak any English or no he answered that he could speake none then tell me quoth I how an Italian Frier can confesse an Englishman speaking no English nor the Englishman speaking no Italian nor other language but his mother tongue for you know wel there must be no interpreter in confession if the Sacrament were ministred vnto him the house where he died can iustifie it Then the Inquisitioner hearing this scratched his head saying this fellow hath spoken the truth wherfore take him and put him out into a large prison whether I was brought where I liued ten wéeks being well and often relieued by English Protestants who reioyced much to see me aliue These malicious Friers there reason wherefore they sought my life was because they would haue the dead mans pay to themsel●es which if he had béene a Roman Catholik had bin their due in respect he was not they mist of the pay of their wicked pretence against me God I giue him thanks by reason I could speak the Italian tongue for if I had had an interpreter in this though my cause was iust yet I had surely died Ten wéeks being spent in this prison it was the fortune of one M. Richard Row of Milbrooke in the countie of Cornwel to ariue at Ligorne in the good ship called the Portion he being owner Marchant of the said ship one day comming to the Prison grate demaunded of me what Countrey-man I was I told him I was borne in the Citie of Hereford He asked my name I answered William Dauies Said he know you one Master Dauies in Plymmouth I said I was an vnfortunate brother of his With that he was very sorely grieued in respect he knew my brother very well and loued him directly and told me if all the meanes that he could vse could deliuer me he would therefore said hée thinke with your selfe how I may deliuer you and I will be backe againe with you within these two or thrée houres whereupon he deliuered me sixe Crownes and bid me spare for no money for he knew my brother would repay it againe then leauing me I sate downe and leaned my head vpon my hand setting my elbow vpon my knée intreating my Almightie God to shew me some direct course whereby I should be deliuered Then presently came into my head to send for a Frenchman in whose house I had alwaies layne before who presently came vnto me vnto whom I imparted my minde telling of him that if he would faine a matter of debt against me I would giue him ten Crownes for his labour though I ought him nothing but he answered and said it was dangerous for it was a Gally-matter but I vewed it should neuer be made knowne by me Whereupon he gaue consent and went to the Gouernour and told him that in the Prison where debters are there is an Englishman who oweth me money and we were agréed then said the Commissarie if thou art content let him pay the charge of the house and be gone which charge I paid presently and was fréed departing away with the Frenchman and brought him to Master Hunts house the English Counsell where I gaue him his tenne Crownes So leauing one another I went presently aboord of Master Rowes Ship being then bound for Naples vnto which place wée came whose description followeth V. The Description and discouery of Naples NAples is a famous and most worthy Citie very spatious standing close vpon the Sea meruailous strongly fortified and planted with Ordnance in many seuerall Castles Bulwarks Forts and such like Also to this Citie doth belong many Gallies and very good shipping and continually great store of shipping rides before it this Citie lies in the Land of Calabria and is gouerned by

a Vice-Roy vnder the King of Spayne also there are many Souldiers in Garrison being all Spaniards The King of Spayne maintaynes many P●nti●ners there In this Citie they speake seuerall Christian languages because there are of all Nations in Christendome but principally Italians and Spanyards The Neopolitans are very proud and of a leftie spirit being for the most part very rich and costly attired and most commonly well furnished inwardly with their Countrey disease They are altogether Papists and their women very audacious especially in the sinfull vse of their bodies by reason they haue as well their pardon as priuiledge from Rome In this Citie it is verie dangerous to walke by night for a man may sodainly be kild for the cloathes on his backe whither hée be poore or rich In this place are alwaies great store of Marchants and Lidgers of seuerall Countries as specially English Dutch Greekes Italians Uenetians French Spaniard Jew with many other Christian Nations The chiefe commoditie that these Merchants deale in is ●aw Silke or Silke wrought eyther into Sattens Taffities Grograms and diuers other silke stuffes Silke stockings Laces of all sorts Garters of seuerall sorts In this place I haue béene diuers times and neuer found any thing note-worthy but onely one which was this A mine vnderneath a great Mountaine about a mile or thereabouts in length This vault was digged by the industrie of men for a passage from the Citie to an Iland called N●●●ta where all shipping doth stop before they come to the Citie The reason wherefore this passage was inuented is because the mountaine ouer it is so sléepe that there was no passage ouer it except they would goe twentie miles about but now Coaches Wagons Carts horse or foote may passe as smoothly through as in a plaine way continually hanging within it great store of Lampes this vault is in height about fiue fadame and foure in breadth it is named the Grout by common report one Virgil a learned man was the Author of it whose Tombe is aloft in each end of it hauing a Lampe hanging continually before it Through this place I haue oft and many times passed and therefore vpon my owne knowledge I can assure what I haue written V. The Description and discouery of the Riuer of Amazons THe Riuer of the Amazons lieth in the highest part of the West Indies beyond the Equinoctiall line to fall with this Riuer fortie leagues from Land you shall haue eight sixe and seauen fadome water and you shall sée the Sea change to a ruddie colour the water shall grow fresh by these signes you may run in boldly your course and comming néere the Riuers mouth the depth of your water shall increase then you shall make discouery of the trées before the land by reason the land is very low and not higher in one place then another thrée ●oote being at a spring tide almost all ouer flowne God knowes how many hundred leagues It flowes much water there with a very forcible tide In this Riuer I continued ten wéekes seeing the fashion of the people and countrey there This Countrey is a together full of woods with all sorts of wilde beasts as Lions Beares Wolues Leopards Baboones ●range Bores Apes Monkies Martyns Sanguins Marmosets with diuers other strange beasts also these woods are ●ull of wilde-fowle of all sorts and Parats more plentifull then Pigeons in England and as good meat for I haue often eaten of them Also this Countrey is very full of Riuers hauing a King ouer euery Riuer In this place is continuall tempests as lightning thunder and rayne and so extreame that it continues most commonly sixtéene or eightéene houres i● foure and twentie There are many standing ●●ters in this Countrey which be full of Aligators G●●●es with many other seuerall water Serpents and great store of fresh fish of strange fashions This Countrey is full of Muskitas which is a small Fl●e which much offends a stranger comming newly into the Countrey The manner fashion and nature of the people is this They are altogether naked both men and women hauing not so much as one three● about them to couer any part of their nakednesse the man taketh a round Cane as big as a penny candle and two inches in length through the which he puls the fore-skin of his yard tying the skin with a péece of the rinde of a tree about the bignesse of a small packethréed then making of it fast about his middle he continueth thus till he haue occasion to vse him In each eare he weareth a Réed or Cane which he bores through it about the bignesse of a Swans quill and in length halfe an inch and the like through the midst of the lower lip also at the bridge of the nose he hangs in a Reed a small glasse Bead or Button which hanging directly afore his mouth flies too and fro still as he speaks wherein he takes great pride and pleasure He weares his hayre long being rounded below to the nether part of his eare and cut short or rather as I iudged pluckt bald on the crowne like a Frier But their women vse no fashion at all to set forth themselues but starke naked as they were borne with haire long of their heads also their breasts hang very low by reason they are neuer laced or braced vy they do vse to annoynt their bodies both men and women with a kinde of red earth because the Muskitas or Flies shal not offend them These people are very ingenious craftie and treacherous very light of foote and good Bowemen whose like I haue neuer seene for they doe ordinarily kill their owne foode as Beasts Fowle and Fish the manner of their Bow and Arrowes is this The Bow is about two yards in length the Arrow seauen foot His Bowe is made of Brazill wood very curious his string of the rinde of a Trée lying close to the Bow without any bent his Arrow made of a Réed and the head of it is a fish bone hée kils a beast in this manner standing behinde a Trée hée takes his marke at the beast and wounding him he followes him like a Bloud-hound till he fall oftentimes seconding his shoote then for any fowle be he neuer so little he neuer misses him as for the first he walkes by the water side and when he hath spied a fish in the water he presently strikes him with his Arrow and sodainly throwing downe his Bow he leaps into the water swimming to his Arrow which he drawes a-land with the fish fastned to it then hauing each kild his owne sood as well flesh and fowle as fish they méet together to the number of fiftie or si●tie in a company then make a fire after this fashion They take two stickes of wood rubbing one hard against another till such time as they be fired then making of a great fire euery man is his owne Cooke to broyle that which he hath gotten and thus they féede without