for its Salt-Pits or Wiches having three Fountains that afford great plenty of Water for the making of Salt which is excellent white and good for which here is drove a good Trade Sturbridge Sturbridge seated on a Flat and on the Stower over which it hath a Bridge it is a good and well-built Town hath the accommodation of a good Free-School with a Library and its Market on Fridays is well furnished with Corn Provisions and Swine Kidderminster Kidderminster feated under a Hill and on the Severn where the Stower loseth it self dividing the Town in twain an ancient Bailiwick-Town beautified with a fair Church hath well-built Houses is well inhabited and much traded unto for its Stuffs called Kidderminster-Stuffs and its Market which is on Thursdays is considerable for Corn Gottle Provisions and several Country-commodities Bewdley Bewdley a Bailiwick-Town which sends Burgesses to Parliament pleasantly seated on the Severn and near the Forest of Wire which in former time was a place of great delight and much resorted unto It is a neat and well-built Town enjoyeth a good Trade for Mault Leather and Caps called Bewdley-Caps here made and hath a Market on Saturdays chiefly considerable for Barly YORK-SHIRE County of York describ'd the largest County in England being above 300 miles in compass and although thus spacious for the generality is indifferent fertil yielding good plenty of Cattle Corn Fowl and Fish for if one part is stony sandy and barren other parts make amends and although there are great store of Heaths and Moors which are barren ground yet are they profitable to the Inhabitants for the feeding of Cattle In this County the Romans had several Stations and here were abundance of Abbeys Monasteries and Religious Houses many of which were of great note eminency and wealth The chief Manufactures of this Shire are Stockings Alum Jett Lime Knives Pins c. but above all Cloth in great plenty It is fevered into three distinct parts and called the North-Riding the East-Riding and the West-Riding which said Ridings or Parts are subdivided into 26 Wapontacks or Hundreds viz. the North into Eleven the East into Six and the West into Nine and in all these Wapontacks are numbred 563 Parish Churches besides abundance of Chapels of Ease by reason of the largeness of the Parishes many of the Chapels being as large as Parishes in other parts of England The North-Riding of Yorkshire may not improperly be divided into Richmondshire Cleaveland a fertil part North-Allerton and Blackmore very Mountainous Craggy and Moorish The chief places in this Riding are York City of York which next to London claimeth the Priority of all others in the Kingdom a place of great antiquity and fame having its rise from the Romans who had it in such great esteem that Severus their Emperour had here his Palace and here ended his days and had those Funeral Rites solemnized on his Corps according to their custom And here Fl. Valerius Constantius surnamed Chlorus bid adue to the World and in his room his Son Constantine was here proclaimed Emperour Nor did this City thus flourish only in the time of the Romans but was of great repute in all succeeding Ages and hath in all the revolutions and changes under the Saxons Danes and Normans preserved its ancient lustre and is at present a fair large and beautiful City adorned with many splendid Buildings both publick and private is very populous much resorted unto and well inhabited by Gentry and wealthy Tradesmen and numbreth about 30 Parish Churches and Chapels besides its Cathedral or Minster a most stately Structure dedicated to St. Peter Amongst its publick Buildings of note these may be taken notice of The Bishops-Palace its Chapter-House a curious piece of Architecture the Princes-House called the Mannor and the Courts of Judicature held for the Neighbouring Marches according to that of Ludlow It is a City and County within it self enjoyeth large Immunities sendeth Burgesses to Parliament is governed by a Lord Major 12 Aldermen clad in Scarlet 2 Sheriffs 12 Common Council 8 Chamberlains a Recorder Town Clerk Sword-Bearer and Common Serjeant with other sub-Officers It is a place of great strength being well fortified and enclosed with a strong Wall on which are many Turrets or Watch-houses and hath for entrance 4 Gates and 5 Posterns It s scituation is no less pleasantly than commodiously seated on the Owse which severeth it in two parts but joyned together by a fair Stone-bridge and to conclude its Markets on Thursdays and Staturdays are very considerable and well served with Flesh Fish Fowl c. as are its Shambles on the Week-days with Provisions Malton or New-Malton seated on the Derwent Malton over which it hath a good Stone-bridge It is composed of two Towns the New and the Old Malton and both containing 3 Parish Churches it is a place well inhabited and accommodated with good Inns hath weekly two Markets on Tuesdays and Saturdays which is one of the best in the County for Horses living Cattle Provisions and most Country-commodities especially Vtensils for Husbandry and as a Borough Town which is but meanly built electeth Parliament men Pickering or the Honour of Pickering a pretty good Town Pickering belonging to the Dutchy of Lancaster hath a famous Old Castle now ruinous in which they keep their Courts for the hearing of Causes under 40 s. in the said Honour which includeth several Villages which as it were encompass it so that the adjacent Country is called Pickering-Lith the Forest of Pickering and the Liberty of Pickering It s Market which is on Mondays is well served with Corn and Provisions Scarborough a place of great strength as well by Nature as Art Scarborough being seated on a steep Rock with such craggy Cliffs that it is almost inaccessible and beareth so into the Sea that it is washed on all parts except on the West where it yieldeth access by a strait passage Cliff or Gullet where it hath a strong Wall On the top of this Rock is a very fair green and large Plain containing about 60 Acres of ground and hath a little Well of Fresh-water springing out of the Rock and for its further defence hath a strong Castle now made use of by his Majesty for a Garrison This Town is not very large but well built and inhabited enjoyeth a good Trade having a commodious Key with several Vessels belonging to it which are employed by them and during the Herring-season for the Fishing Trade they being plentifully taken on this Coast This place is of note for its famous Spaw much resorted unto as well by Foreigners as the English It is a Town Corporate electing Parliament men is governed by two Bailiffs and a Common Council and hath two Markets weekly on Thursdays which is of good account and on Saturdays which is but small Not far from this Town is Robinhoods-Bay so called from Robinhood that noted Robber in the Reign of
the Danube Northward about 2000 which large extent was the cause of its ruine and declension The Ancient Romans The Ancient Romans were a gallant People of a sound Judgment and a ready Wit well skilled in Arts and Sciences very covetous of glory of great Valour as by their subduing the chief part of the World who contrary to the custom of Invaders to sack and ruine Countries they taught the People Manners Literature c. The Romans were the first that wore the Purple Robe and the beginners of Triumphs they had excellent and stately Theaters and it was hold no disreputation to be an Actor It s fertility and Commodities This Country is so exceedingly furnished with whatsoever may be found useful for Man and the Soil so rich and fer tile in Grains Fruits Rice c. in some places having threo Harvests in one year that it is esteemed the Garden of the World The chief Commodities for Merchandize that this Country yieldeth are Silks both raw and wrought into several fabricks as Sattins Taffities Plushes Velvets Cloth of Gold and Silver Damasks Grograms Rashes Fustians Glasses Alom Armour excellent Wines Oils Saffron Anni seeds Argal Brinistone several Metals Olives Almonds Galls Kids-skins Lute strings Quicksilver Aloes Gold Thread Anchoves several Drugs c. The People of Italy The Italians are very ingenious respective and grave exceeding malicious if affronted much addicted to Women which are here allowed the liberty to make use of their own They are generally very jealous of their Wives so that they are denied the liberty of the Streets or the common view or society of men The Women are generally handsom witty and of a seeming modest behaviour it is observed of them that they are Saints in the Church Angels in the Streets Magpies at the Door Syrens in the Windows and Goats in the Gardens Their Language is very eloquent It s chief parts Italy may be considered in three principal Parts viz. Lombardy Italy particularly so called and Naples to which for a fourth may be added the neighbouring Isles in which said parts are divers Estates and Dukedoms all which are at large set down in the Geographical Tables and of these parts in order LOMBARDY Parts of Lombardy Lombardy is divided into the Higher and Lower in the Higher are the Estates of Piedmont which belongs to the Duke of Savoy of Millan which belongs to the Catholick King of the Commonwealth of Genes or Genoa and of Montferrat which belongs to the Duke of Mantoua yet the Duke of Savoy hath some part thereof And in the Lower Lombardy are the Estates of Venice of Mantoua Parma and Modena which have their Dukes and of Trent which hath its Bishop And in the one and the other Lombardy are several small Estates amongst which is that of Mirandola The Estates of PIEDMONT washed by the Mediterranean Sea is exceeding fertil though inferiour to other parts of Lombardy It is divided betwixt the Dukes of Savoy and Mantoua the River Tener separating their possessions It is very populous numbring about 160 walled Cities and Towns of which the chief is Turin Chief places which is the Palace and Court of the Duke of Savoy it is also dignified with the See of an Archbishop and an Vniversity where the famous Erasmus proceeded Dr. of Divinity 2. Aoste or Avost seated on the Northern limits of the Country 3. Verceili a Town of great strength bordering on Millan to which it did once belong 4. Saluzzo a Marquisate and Bishops See 5. Nizza or Nice a Sea-port Town and serveth for Turin and 6. Asti. And since we have before omitted it before we pass further let us repass the Alpes and speak of the Territories of this Duke on this side which is the Country of Savoy from whence he bears his Title Country of Savoy SAVOY adjoyning to Piedmont is a Country very Mountainous and full of narrow passages and consequently not very fertil It s chief City is Chambery or Cambreria the residence of the Duke when he is in these parts seated in a pleasant Valley amongst Mountains which are well stored with beautiful Houses belonging to the Gentry of these parts and next Turante which commands the passage into Italy It s other places of account are Thonon Cluse Beaufort Vgine Montiers Yenne Modane c. The Dutchy of MILLAN is rich in Natures gifts being seated in the best part of Lombardy affording great plenty of Grains Wines Oils and Silks and is said to have the best Rice in the World It hath for its chief places Chief places 1. Millan which notwithstanding its often spoils is said to be the greatest City of all Lombardy It is seated in a wide Plain wherein are no less pleasant than profitable Meadows and Rivers it is strongly fortified with a Wall and a spacious and almost impregnable Castle besides its Fortifications it is beautified with many splendid Ornaments the chief of which are its Vniversity its Hospital liberally endowed seated in an Isle almost two miles in compass and capable to give entertainment to about 4000 Sick persons Its Schools Nunneries and Churches which amount in all to 238 most of which are stately structures and beautified with curious Paintings Images of the Saints Sepulchres and several Religious Antiquities The whole City is about seven miles in circuit is exceeding populous very rich and of a great Commerce affording sundry good Commodities 2. Pavia seated on the River Tacinus honoured with a famous Vniversity of note for the Battel in which Francis the first of France was taken Prisoner by the Emperour Charles the Fifth who for his ransom was forced to release all his Title and interest to the Kingdom of Naples and this Dutchy of Millan 3. Cremona seated on the banks of the Poe first built in the beginning of the Punick War It is a place of good account hath a considerable Trade beautified with well built Houses with the conveniency of curious Gardens and hath large and well ordered Streets It is of most note for its high Tower and Cathedral Church where are to be seen many Relicks of Saints and curious Pictures 4. Como seated on a Lake so called which is about fifty miles in circuit on which the Citizens use to recreate themselves in Boats It is a City of good Antiquity and here it was that both the Plinys were born 5. Alexandria which from a poor Village through the often ruins of Millan is now become a fair strong and flourishing Town 6. Lodi 7. Tortona 8. Valenca and 9. Novara State of Genoua The State of GENES or GENOVA once very large but at present possesseth only Liguria in the Continent and the Isle of Corsica of which we shall speak in place more convenient The People are much addicted to Traffick and Vsury and here the Women are allowed the liberty of the Streets as also to accompany or discourse with Men which is forbidden them in other parts
It s chief places are 1. Genoua seated on the Sea-shoar at the foot of high Mountains between two Rivers built by Janus the first Inhabiter of Italy it is as also its whole State governed in form of a Republick The City for its stately Buildings makes it to be termed by the Italians Genoua la Superba having beautiful Palaces with delightful Gardens it s Strada Nova being a spacious long and strait Street on each side imbellished with stately Palaces which for the most part are supported by vast Pillars of Marble not to be parallel'd in the World amongst which may be reckoned the Jesuits Colledge than which nothing can be more polite The Palace of the Prince d'Orta with its famous Bird-cage deserves a particular mention nor is its new Mould to be forgotten which hath made the Port twice as capacious and much safer than before The City is in circuit about eight miles defended besides its Walls by a strong and fair Castle it is exceeding populous and rich its Inhabitants being observed to be the greatest Vsurers and Money-mongers in the World which is a great obstruction to its Trade 2. Savona of note for the interview between Ferdinand of Spain and Lewis the 12th of France Anno 1507. 3. Sarzana 4. Arbengue and 5. Vintimiglia Estate of Montferat The Estate or Country of MONTFERAT doth in part belong to the Duke of Mantoua and the rest to the Duke of Savoy a Mountainous Country but of a fertil Soyl. It is encompassed with the Appenine Hills Millain and Piedmont the River Tenarus parts the possessions of the Duke of Mantoua from that of Savoy its chief places are 1. Alba where Pertinax the Roman Emperour was born 2. St. Vas built by the first Duke of Mantoua 3. Casal and 4. Trin fair Cities with some others In the Lower LOMBARDY we have placed the Estates of Venice Mantoua Modena Parma Placenza and Trent of which in order Estates of Venice The Estates of the Duke of VENICE may be divided into several Parts or Provinces as they lye on firm Land and on the Sea which are taken notice of in the Geographical Tables of Italy the chief of which I shall here only name as I have occasion to treat of the Cities 1. Trevigi seated in the Province of Marche Trevisane a City of some account as commodious for an Inland Trade 2. Bressia seated in the Province of Bressan esteemed the second City for largeness and beauty in all Lombardy it is more famous in her Archbishop who is Earl Marquess and Duke than in any matter of trade 3. Brescello in the Province of Bressan famous for the death of Otho the Roman Emperour 4. Este in the Province of Padouan from whence came the late Dukes of Ferrara 5. Crema in the Province of Cremase seated on the River Serio and in a very fertil Soyl a beautiful and rich City adorned with stately Edifices and about two Furlongs from the City towards the Castle is a stately Temple called Sancta Maria del la Cruce a structure of great beauty and richly adorned with Pictures c. a place much frequented for Devotion sake this City may be termed a strong Fortress against the Millanois upon which it borders 6. Vicenzo in the Province of Vicentin seated at the bottom of a Hill which commands the City being well watered with Rivers which uniting themselves not far distant from the City form a Navigable River capable to receive Vessels of a considerable burthen which passing by Padua falls into the Sea by Venice It is about four miles in circuit beautified with stately Palaces Temples and Publick buildings it is very populous and inhabited by Nobility and Gentry who contrary to the custom of the Italians delight to Travel here is a famous Theater capable to receive five thousand People whose Stage is so represented by Prospective that it seems a stately City being modelled by the famous Architect Andreo Paladio then its Piazza a spacious and beautiful place 7. Verona in the Province of Veronois a fair large and beautiful City seated on the Athesis a place of great strength as well by Nature as Art and boasteth chiefly of its yet standing Amphitheater capable to receive about 80000 Persons 8. Padua in the Province of Padouan seated in the midst of a spacious Plain about 20 miles distant from the Sea It is a place of good strength being inclosed with double Walls and deep Ditches besides its Bulwarks and Fortifications it was built by Antenor Brother to Priam King of Troy whose Tomb is here yet to be seen to this City do belong seven Gates several Stone-Bridges and five spacious Piazza's it is every where beautified with many splendid Edifices as well private as publick also its Churches are no less beautiful and rich of which the Domo or Cathedral is chief its Hall of Justice is a spacious and stately structure near to which are the Schools for Learning but this City is now most famous for its Vniversity of Physicians 9. Bergamo in Bergamasse adjoyning to Cremase 10. Feltri in Feltrin towards the Bishoprick of Trent and 11. Rovigo in the Polesine of Rovigo far engaged towards the Estates of the Church And these Provinces may properly be comprehended under one part to wit Marche Trevisane The chief Rivers in this Country are Addua Athesis Breuta and Olius Estates of Frioli The second part in this Estate of Venice is FRIOLANI encompassed with Histria the Alpes Trevigiana and the Adriatick Sea Its chief places are 1. Aquilegia seated on the Natisco a place not very well inhabited 2. Cuidad de Austria built by Julius Caesar 3. Palma la Nova the best fortified place in all Italy and 4. Tergestum or Treist seated nigh the Sea-shoar The chief Rivers are Natisco Risanus and Lizonsus The third and last part of this Estate shall be ISTRIA of an unhealthful Air. It s chief places are 1. Cabo d'Istria 2. Polo 3. Cita Nuova and 4. Parenzo But to proceed to Venice the principal City of this Republick City of Venice The City of VENICE is seated at the bottom of the Adriatick Sea or Gulph of Venice built on 72 Islands being distant from the main Land five miles and defended from the fury of the Sea by a Bank of sixty miles in length through which in seven places there are passages broken for small Vessels save only at Malamocco and the Castle of Leo which are strongly fortified it is about eight miles in circuit having for the conveniency of the Inhabitants about 4000 Bridges amongst which that of Rialto is the chief built over the Grand Canal which for length breadth and height may compare with any in the World and for the passage of People to and fro here are said to be employed about 10 or 12000 Gondelos all its Buildings are fair and beautiful here are 200 particular places built of Marble adorned with Columns Statues and Pictures of great
once called Maleventâ—m and 5. Molise which some esteem to be the chief of the County Part of Pugia 5. PVGIA whose chief places are 1. Manfredonia dignified with the Seat of an Archbishop 2. Cannae famous for the signal Victory gained by Hannibal against the Roman Consuls and the Romans of whom were slain about 42700 3. Barletta a strong Fortress 4. Venusia the Birth-place of Horace 5. Arpinum the Birth-place of Tully and 6. Mont St. Angelo a fair City not far from Manfredonia Part of Terra di Otranto 6. TERRA DI OTRANTO hath for its chief places 1. Otranto the taking of which by Mahomet the Great put all Italy into such a fright that Rome was almost left without Inhabitants and was not fully inhabited until the expulsion of the Turks the next year 2. Brundusium boasting in its Haven which is esteemed not inferiour to any in Christendom 3 Gallipoli a place of some Traffick affording abundance of Oyls and Cattle 4. Leccie 5. Tarantum and 6. Brindici all places of good account In this Kingdom are 20 Archbishops 127 Bishops 13 Princes 24 Dukes 25 Marquesses and 90 Earls But let us proceed to the Italian Isles and first with Sicily The ITALIAN ISLES SICILY Island of Sicily The Island of SICILY is the greatest neighbouring Isle to Italy from which it is divided by a small Channel running between Messina and Regio now called the Phare of Messina and higher in this passage were the Scylla and Charybdis of the Ancients This Isle was once called Trinacria from its being Triangular and abating 3 Promontories at each corner into the Sea to wit Cape de Faro regarding Italy Cape Passaro regarding Morea and Capâ— Boij or Cape Coco facing the Promontory Mercurio of Africa This Isle is termed the Queen of the Mediterranean Isles not only for its greatness being in compass about 700 miles but for her other excellencies and admirable fertility yielding all things necessary for the use of man it chiefly abounds in Wines Oyls Sugars Honey Wax Salt Saffron Minerals Alom Agats Coral Emeralds and Silk in great plenty both raw and wrought and such abundance of all sorts of Grains that it was called the Granary of the Roman Empire and is now found to furnish Malta the adjacent Isles Spain and some part of Italy with her superâ—â—ities Here are many Baths of different natures which are found good for several Infirmities The chief Hills in this Isle are Mount Hybla famous for its Bees and Honey and Mount Aetna for its sending forth flames of fire which in the year 1669 made such an eruption that it destroyed divers Towns and for its height whose top is exalted ten miles above its Basis and is a good Land-mark to Saylers This Island was first inhabited by a race of huge Giants much spoken of by Homer who called them the Lestrigones and the Cyclopes of which last was Polyphemus so famoused for the entertainment of Vlysses and his Fellows This Isle is divided into 3 Provinces or Valleys Its Parts and chief Places 1. VALLI DE NOTO which is the South-east part hath for its chief places 1. Siracusa once the Metropolis of the whole Isle strongly fenced about with a Wall and other Fortifications being a Garrison of Spaniards Its Buildings are fair and shew something of its Antiquity it hath two Havens one towards the South and the other towards the North-sides of the City 2. Leontium seated Northwards of Siracusa with which it had divers times struglings for Priority And 3. Enna a Midland Town or City 2. VALLI DE MAZORA containeth all the West part of the Isle its chief places are 1. Moreal or Montreal famous for its Archbishops See and Church 2. Girgenti the Seat of the Tyrant Phalaris who afflicted Perillus in the Brazen Bull and 3. Palermo once a Colony of the Phoenicians and now the chief City in the Isle being the Seat of the Spanish Viceroy It is beautified with magnificent Palaces and Temples curious Buildings and fair Streets famous for being the Birth-place of so many brave Men as was Siracusa 3. VALLI DE DEMONA possessing the North-east part of the Isle and boasteth of its chief Town Messina seated opposite to Rhegium in Naples a place of great strength as well by Nature as Art haying before it the Sea where they have a no less famous and commodious than a strong Haven and behind it are high Hills It is the See of an Archbishop beautified with fair and stately Edifices and here the Vice-Roy hath a magnificent Palace adjoyning to the Arsenal where their Gallies c. are kept and here Venus Neptune Castor and Pollux had their Temples from whose ruins are now erected Christian Churches The Gentry and Citizens here live in great delight and pleasure this City is the chiefest place of Traffick in the Isle being very well frequented by Merchants and Strangers It s other places are Malaso seated on the North Promontory then Erix where Venus was worshipped next Catania where there is a Colledge for the studying the Sciences but chiefly for the Civil and Canon Laws and lastly Nicosia a Midland Town SARDINIA Isle of Sardinia The Island of SARDINIA or SARDAGNE is seated not far from Sicily it is in length about 150 miles and 90 in breadth not so fertil as Sicily yet it abounds in Corn and Cattle but is deficient in Oil and other Commodities It is now subject to the Spaniard and is divided into two parts viz. Cape Logodori and Cape Cagliari It s chief places are 1. Cagliari seated opposite to Africa having a commodious Haven which makes it to be well frequented by Merchants The City is adorned with goodly Buildings fair Temples and magnificent Turrets being the Seat of the Spanish Vice-Roy as also the See of an Archbishop 2. Bosa likewise the See of an Archbishop 3. Oristagni and 4. Sassary both places of good account It s People are of a mean Stature are very great Hunters great Pains-takers no lovers of the Spaniards not much addicted to Learning and in matters of Religion not over strict CORSICA Isle of Corsica The Isle of CORSICA seated in the Ligurian Sea opposite to Genoa is about 100 miles in length and 50 in breadth the Soil by reason of the Mountains is not very fertil in Grain but aboundeth in excellent Wines it yieldeth likewise Oils Figs Raisons Hony Wax Alom Box-wood and Iron-Mines its Dogs and Horses are esteemed excellent The chief places are 1. Bastia seated on the North-east part hath a commodious Haven and strong Garrison dignified with the residence of the Genouese Governour under whose command the Island is 2. Mariana 3. Galvi 4. Porto-Vechio 5. Adiazzo and 6. Bonifacio The People are for the most part poor head-strong churlish and not addicted to Literature The Vulcanian Isles Besides this Island there are abundance of others though of no great account and far lesser as the VVLCANIAN Isles lying on the Coast
of Sicily being 11 in number the chief of which is Lipara from whence the rest take their names being about 10 miles in circuit then Stromboli and Vulcania send forth a constant Smoak Isles of Naples The Isles of NAPLES are 18 in number the chief of which are Ischia Capreae the retirement of Tyberius and Aenaria Ligurian Isles The chief of the LIGVRIAN Isles is Elba famous for its two Potts Porto Ferraro and Porto Longone It s chief places are 1. Cosmopolis built by Cosmo di Medices 2. Gallinaria 3. Giglio and 4. Monte Christo which is but a Rock Other Estates There are yet in Lombardy many little Estates as of Mirandola Guastella Sabionetta c. about Mantoua of Pallaviano and Landa c. amongst the Estates of Parma and Placenza of Manaco on the Coast of Genoa of Masseran in Piedmont The Count of Pitiglian and the Marquess of Malispine in Toscany all which Princes though holding from under the protection of others have Sovereign Rights Italy with its Isles extends it self from about the 36th degree of Latitude unto the 46th which are 250 Leagues from South to North and from the 36th degree of Longitude to near the 48th which are as much or little more from West to East but its form scarce fills the third part of what is contained in these degrees In Italy I make little Account of other Rivers than that of the Arno Tiber and Po the two first descend from the Appennine the last from the Alpes TURKEY in EUROPE or that which the Grand Signior possesseth in whole or in part in EUROPE may be comprehended under ESCLAVONIA which is possessed by the Turk Hungarians and Venetians and may be divided into HUNGARIA with its chief Cities belonging to the Grand Signior as Buda Gyula Canissa Alba Regalis Quinque Ecclesiae Belonging to the Emperour or Hungarians Presbourg Strigonium Zegith Newhausel ESCLAVONIA with its Parts and chief Places as they belong to the Turks and Venetians Croatia Turks Wihitz Venetians Sisseg Esclavia Turks Posega Venetians Copranitz Dalmatia Turkish Narenza Mostar Venetians Ragusa Spalato Sebenico Zara. DACIA now belonging to the Turks with its Provinces of Transilvania Waradin Hermenstad Bosnia Saraih Bagnialuch Jaycza Servia Belgrad Bulgaria Sophia Moldavia Zuccania Lazy Bessarabia Khermen Walachia Targovisko GREECE as it is possessed by or under the subjection of the Grand Signior which may be divided into the Provinces or Parts of ROMANIA or ROMELI of old THRACE Constantinople Andrinopoli Gallipoli Caridia Abdera Pera and Galata MACEDONIA with its parts of Jamboli Heraclea Camenolitaria Pidna Pella Migdonia Salonichi Stagira ALBANIA Durazzo Valona Croja and Sintari THESSALY now by the Turks called JANNA Anniro Larissa EPIRE now by the Turks called CANINA Preveza Larta ACHAIA and ETOLIA now called LIVADIA Athens now Sitines Thebes now Stives Lepanto PELOPONNESUS now called the MOREA Corinte Misistra Modon Petras and Coron Together with divers ISLES which for the most part are in the possession of the Turks except some few which the Venetians yet keep which as they lye in the AEGEAN SEA are Negroponte Negroponte Caristo Stalimene of Old Lemnos Lemnos The Isles called the SPORADES and CYCLADES which are the Isles of Milo Tira Tiresio Nio Stapalia Morgo Nicfia Levita Zinara Raclia Siphano Micone Teno Helena Engia Fermenia Zea Andri Coos Delos Samothracia Samos Tasso Tasso Pelagmisi Pelagmisi Sciro Sciro Creba or Candia Candia Canea Suda IONIAN SEA are the Isles of Zante Zante Zefalonia Zefalonia Augustali Corfu Corfu Cerigo Cerigo Santa Maura Santa Maura Strivalis Strivalis Val de Campara Val de Campara ADRIATICK SEA or GULPH of VENICE are the Isles of if any are so called Zara Vegea Lesina Cherso Curzolo and Grissa The Empire of the GRAND SIGNIOR or GREAT TURK holdeth In EUROPE and Towards the higher ESCLAVONIA Hungaria in part Buda Gyula Esclavonia in part Pesega Croatia in part Wihitz Dalmatia in part Narenca Mostar Towards the lower ESCLAVONIA Bosnia Jaycza Bagnialuch Servia Belgrade Bulgaria Sophia On the BLACK SEA Podolia in part Oezacoâ— towards Moscovia Azac or Azoff In GREECE which by the Turks is called ROMELI the Parts or Provinces of Romania Constantinople Adrinopoli Gallipoli Macedonia Salonichi Heracleâ— Albania Scutari Durazzo Vilona Thessaly Armiro Epiro Preveza Larta Achala and Etolia Athens or Setines Thebes or Stives Lepanto Peloponnesus or the Morea Corinte Misistra or Lacedemone Petras And divers Isles the chief of which are Negroponte Stalimene Sancta Maure c. In ASIA ANATOLIA wherein are divers Cities among which are Smyrna Ephesus Bursa Chioutaige Angoura Cogni Trebisonde c. Divers Isles the chief among which are Rhodes Rhodes Cypre or Cyprus Nicosin Eamogousta Metelin Metelin Scio Scio. Samos Samos Patmosa or Patmos Patmos SOURIA which is divided in Sourie or Syrie Aleppo Tripoli Phenicie Sayd or Sidon Damascus Judea or the Holy Land Jerusalem Naplouse Gaza ASSYRIA which is divided in Mesopotamia or Diarbeck Caramit Asanchif Chaldea Bagdad Balsora Assyria in part Mosul Chiahnezul TURCOMANIA and Georgia in part Stranu Cori. Turcomania Teflis Derbent ARABIA in part to wit in the Stony Arach Desart Ana. Happie Zibid Aden In AFRICA The Kingdom of ALGIER where are four Parts or Kingdoms to wit Telensin Telensin Algier Sargel Tenes Algier Bugia Bugia Steffa Constantina Constantina Bonna and Tebessa The Kingdom of TUNIS with its eight Government to wit Four Maritime Biserta Gouleita Sousa Media or Africa Four Inland Tunis Cairoan Begge and Urbs. The Kingdom of TRIPOLI with its parts of Tripoli Tripoli Lepeda Desart of Barca Corena Alberton EGYPT with its three Parts to wit Errif Alexandria Roserta Damierta Bechrio or Demesor Cairo Sayd Sayd or Thebes Nigh unto EGYPT Coast of Abex in part Suaquen Arquico or Ercocco Between Egypt and Arabia Sues In EUROPE restored from this Empire The Signieury and Republick of Raguse The Vayvodes or Princes of Tranfilvania Hermanstat Valaquia Tergovis Moldavia Saczou And the Cham of the Petit Tartaria Caffa 〈◊〉 SECVNDIS To the R t honble Heneage Earle of Winchelsea Vis t Maidstone Baron Fitz Herbert of Eastwell Lord of the Royall 〈◊〉 of â—â—e and Lord Leiâ—â—â—â—â—â— of Kent and 〈…〉 Mary is humble D. D by R.B. A MAPP of THE ESTATES of the TURKISH EMPIRE in ASIA and EUROPE signed by Mon sr Sanson Geographer to the French King Turkey in Europe THE Estate or Empire of the Sultan or the Ottomans whom we call the Grand SIGNIOR or Great TVRK is part in Europe part in Asia and part in Africa the greatest part is in Asia and the least in Europe and yet this is not the least considerable since the Grand Signior makes here his residence and hath from hence his best Forces That which he holds in Europe extends it self from the 35th degree of Latitude to the 45th and sometimes near the 47th which are 250 or 300 French Leagues and from the 40th of Longitude unto or beyond the 56th which are likewise 300 Leagues
Division of Turkey This part of the Estate of the Turks which we call TVRKEY in EVROPE may be divided into two principal Regions viz. Sclavonia or Esclavonia and Greece ESC LAVONIA which shall be along the Danube from Germany unto the Black Sea and is bounded on one side with the Danube and on the other with the Mountain Marinai and under the name of Esclavonia may be understood Hungaria especially so much as the Turk is Master of the particular Esclavonia with the Provinces of Croacia Esclavia and Dalmatia of which parts the Grand Signior holds but one part then the Kingdom of Dacia The other Region which I call GREECE shall reach from the Mountain Marinai a great way into the Mediterranean Sea and advancing towards the South in which are several Provinces which we shall treat of HVNGARIA Kingdom of Hungaria described The Kingdom of HVNGARIA taken entirely is bounded on the East with Transilvania and Walachia on the South with Sclavonia on the West with Austria and on the North with Poland It is part possessed by the Christians and in part by the Turks It s fertility This Kingdom is of an exceeding fertil Soyl yielding Corn thrice a year and feeding such abundance of Cattle that it supplied Germany Sclavonia and other adjacent parts with about 100000 Oxen yearly they have Deer Pullain Phesants Partridges and all sorts of Fowl in such plenty that they are free for any one that will take them and their Rivers are found to afford excellent Fish It also aboundeth in several good Commodities as Hides Its Commodities Butter Cheese Copper Hony Wax Fish c. Its Inhabitants The People are of a rude behaviour not addicting themselves to Literature nor Mechanical Trades They use the Scythian Language they are well proportionate strong and very valiant The Females are denied the Estates of their Parents neither have they any thing in Marriage and until Men and Women are marryed they are not allowed the use of Beds to lye upon It s division This Kingdom now stands divided between the Grand Signior and the Hungarians The Turks have here four Beglerbies to wit of Buda of Canisa of Agrica and of Temiswar the chief Cities which they possess are Buda seated on the Danube once the Metropolis of the Kingdom and Royal Seat of the Kings of Hungaria it was taken by Solyman in 1536. Next Guyula a strong Town on the Confines of Transilvania which was betrayed by the Governour to Solyman in hopes of a great Reward which proved insuccessful unto him to the loss of his life then Alba Regalis which by the Germans is called Wisenburgh also Quinque Ecclesiae taken in the same year with Alba Regalis And these are the strong places and of good account with them The chief places in the Emperours or Hungarians possessions are Presburg seated on the edge of Austria and since the Turks became Masters of Buda this hath been the Metropolis of Hungaria next Strigonium or Gran once taken by the Turks but regained also Zegith taken by Solyman the Magnificent in Anno 1566 who there ended his days then Newhausel which hath several times withstood the fury of the Turks The other Towns in the Hungarians possession were if not are Komara in the Isle of Schut then Bars Novigrad Vizzegrad Papa Sarwar and Owar The chief Order of Knighthood in this Kingdom is that of the Dragon instituted by Sigismund King of Hungaria and Emperour ESCLAVONIA Bounds of Esclavonia ESCLAVONIA hath for its Eastern bounds the River Drinus and a line drawn thence to the Sea for its Southern bounds the Adriatick Sea for its Western part of Italy and for its Northern Hungaria The whole length of this Country is about 480 miles and its breadth about 120 it is scituate under the 6th and 7th Climats the longest day making 15 hours and a half It s division This Country is divided into the Provinces of Croacia Dalmatia and the particular Esclavonia and are partly possessed by the Venetians and partly by the Turks It s fertility The Country is observed to be more fit for grazing and feeding of Cattle than for Tillage for the Sheep and other Cattle bring forth their young twice a year and their Sheep are shorn four times a year likewise their chief Commodities are Horses for Service Cattle which yields them abundance of Hides Tallow Butter Cheese and Wool of which they make Cloth Here are also some Mines of Gold and Silver which are in the Turks possession In Esclavonia the chief places in the Turks possession are Posega a place of good account and Barra and in the Venetians possession is Copranitz a fair strong and good City Province of Croacia The Province of CROACIA is in a manner wholly possessed by the Venetians the Turks only possessing the strong Town of Withitz the chief places possessed by the Venetians are 1. Sisseg or Sissaken famous for its resisting the Turks in 1592 a fair and strong City 2. Gardiskia seated on the Savus 3. Novigrod also seated on the Savus and 4. Bruman Province of Dalmatia The Province of DALMATIA whose Southern parts are washed with the Adriatick Sea is divided betwixt the Venetians who hold the greatest part and the Turks whose chief places are 1. Marenza seated on the Sea-shoar 2. Mostar an Inland Town towards Bosnia 3. Stagno and 4. Sibioncello both Maritim Towns and nigh unto which is the Isle of MELEDA which also belongs to the Grand Signior The chief Towns in the possession of the Venetians are 1. Rhagusa seated on the Adriatick Sea a City of great Traffick and Riches being a Commonwealth of it self 2. Spalato a Maritim Town on the Adriatick and in a most pleasant Valley on the South side of great Mountains and in the Wall towards the Sea is to be seen a great remainder of a Gallery in Dioclesians Palace This Town is kept by the Venetians as their only Emporium plyed successively with two Gallies which carry between this place and Venice such Merchandize as are Transported into Turkey or from thence brought in 3. Zara a strong Fortress feated on the Adriatick within the Gulph which by reason of its commodions scituation is most apt to command the whole Adriatick and is strongly fortified and well Mann'd In this City is a Temple of St. John di Malvatia which was built by a company of Sea-men who being in a great and dangerous Tempest made a Vow that if they escaped they would consecrate a Temple to the said St. John and being saved they Landed here and performed their Vows 4. Sebenico seated on the Sea-shoar having large Territories 5. Nona and 6. Traw DACIA Its Bounds The Kingdom of DACIA is bounded on the East with the Euxine Seas on the West with Hungaria and on the North with the Carpathian Mountains The Country throughout is very fertil affording for Merchandize Oxen Butter Cheese Tallow Hides Hony
inclining to cold than heat yet by reason of the famous Cities of Constantinople Adrianople and others here seated renders it the chief and best inhabited of all Greece It s chief places are Adrianople so called by the Emperour Hadrian who repaired it it was added to the Kingdom of the Turks by Bajazet Anno 1362 and continued the Seat of their Kings till Mahomet the Great took Constantinople from Constantine Palaeologus the last of the Eastern Emperours about 90 years after Blunt in his Voyage to the Levant in his description of this City saith That it is seated on three low Hills of which that in the midst is the largest and fairest on the top of which is a stately and magnificent Mosque and in the Churchyard are about 30 or 40 Cocks under a stately Fountain for People to wash before Divine Service as also at the bottom of this Building on the North and South sides are 20 Conduits with Cocks and on the East side are the Priests Lodgings and Gardens and round the Church-yard are Baths Cloysters and a Colledge for the Priests with other useful Offices all covered with Lead In this City are several Besestines or Exchanges some of good account as likewise many fair Hanes To this City are four stately and lofty Bridges of Freestone which make a pleasant shew and is a fair large and well composed City 2. Gallipoli seated near the Hellespont but within the Sea of Marinora This was the first City that the Turks possessed in Europe it being surprized by Solyman Son to Orchanes in Anno 1358. Here the Beglerbegh of the Sea hath his residence A little below Gallipoli is the streightest passage of the Hellespont a place formerly famous for Xerxes his Bridge but especially for the two Castles of Sesto on the European side and Abydo opposite to it on the Asian shoar of note for the Loves of Hero and Leander which Castles are now called the Dardanelli and command the passage and are the security or Bulwark of Constantinople on this as those on the Thracian Bosphorus are on the other 3. Caridia seated on the Thracian Chersonese opposite to the Isle of Lemnos as also to Troas in Asia and therefore now called St. George's Arm. 4. Abdera the Birth-place of Democritus who spent his time in Laughing 5. Pera a Town of the Genoueses opposite to Constantinople 6. Galata also opposite to Constantinople from which it is parted by a River wherein is found a good Harbour for Shipping and here all the Western Christians as English French Dutch and Venetian Merchants have their common residence intermixed with Jews Grecians Armenians and some few Turks And lastly Constantinople the now Metropolitan City of all Greece the Seat of the Grand Signior and formerly of the Emperours of the East first built by Pausanias a LÃ cedemonian Captain about 660 years before the Birth of Christ It is a City very commodiously seated for an Universal Empire overlooking Europe and Asia commanding the Euxine or Black Sea the Hellespont and Sea of Marinara or Propontis on the upper part of which and near the Thracian Bosphorus it is seated where it hath a Haven so deep and capacious that the Turks for its excellency call it the Port of the World so that for strength plenty and commodity no place can compare to it This City is in form Triangular its Walls are composed of Stone and Brick equally intermixed to which it hath 24 Gates for entrance whereof 5 regard the Land and 19 the Water being about 16 miles in compass and supposed with Pera and Galata adjoyning to it and Scutari on the Asian side to contain about 700000 living Souls good part of which are Christians and Jews and it would be far more populous were it not for the Plague which like a Tertian Ague here reigneth every third year and sometimes oftner This City is adorned with many magnificent Buildings both publick and private as also with curious Statues and other such like Ornaments which were brought out of Rome and other parts There is no City in the World makes so stately a shew if beheld from the Sea or adjoyning Mountains as this doth whose lofty and beautiful Cypress Trees are so intermixed with the Buildings that it seemeth to represent a City in a Wood whose seven aspiring Heads for on so many Hills it is seated are most of them crowned with magnificent Mosques all of white Marble in form round and coupled above being finished at the top with guilded Spires some having two some four and some six adjoyning Turrets of a great height and very slender so that there is no City in the World hath a more promising Object and being entred so much deceiveth the expectation having many vacant places several rows of Buildings consisting only of Shops the Houses not fair lofty nor uniform the Streets exceeding narrow and ill contrived yet here are many stately Houses where the Great persons reside also many Canns for Merchants and abundance of Mosques amongst which that of Sancta Sophia is the chief once a Christian Temple To every one of the principal Mosques doth belong publick Bagâ—io's Hospitals with Lodgings Santons and Ecclesiastical Persons which are endowed with competent Revenues the inferiour Mosques for the most part are built square many of them Pent-houses with oper Galleries where on extraordinary times they pray The number of Mosques of all sorts including Scutara Para Galata and the Buildings that border the Bosphorus are said to be about 8000. This Temple of St. Sophia is almost every Friday which is their Sabbath visited by the Grand Signior by reason of its being so near his Seraglia which is divided from the rest of the City by a lofty Wall containing in circuit about three miles wherein are stately Groves of Cypresses intermixed with delightful Gardens artificial Fountains variety of Fruits and curious Plains The Buildings are low but rich and stately with several fair Courts one within another and to the South-side doth joyn the Grand Signiors Palace in which are also several large Courts and stately Structures On the left hand of one of the Courts the Divano is kept where the Bassa's of the Port administer Justice out of the second Court is a passage into a third into which Christians are not permitted entrance but upon great favour on the North-side stands the Grand Signiors Cabinet in form of a stately Summer-house having a private passage from his Seraglio and from this place he takes Barge to delight himself on the Water Not far from the Palace is a spacious place encompassed with Houses called the Hippodrom by the Ancients and by the Turks Almidan where every Friday the Spachies of the Court play at Giocho di Canni that is they are mounted on Horses and ride after one another throwing Darts at each other which they endeavour to avoid by their hasty turning The Black Sea is distant from Constantinople about 15 miles it is much troubled with
Anthony and Augustus on the other The chief places in this Province are 1. Armiro now the Seat of a Turkish Sangiac 2. Larissa seated on a fair River which at a small distance falls into the Gulph of Salonichi 3. Tricca and Pharsalis Province of Epire. The Province of EPIRE now called CANINA is very Mountainous hath for its chief places possessed by the Turks Praveza and Lartâ— both Sea-Towns and the chief places in the Venetians possessions are Torre de Butrinto and Perga both Sea-Towns and places of good account opposite and nigh to which is the Isle of Corfou Mount Pindus In this Province is Mount Pindus sacred to Apollo and the Muses and here are also the Acroceraunean Hills so called for their being so subject to Thunder-claps Province of Achaia The Province of ACHAIA now called LIVADIA washed on the East with the Aegean Sea it is divided into these parts viz. Aetolia Attica Baeotia Locris Megaris Doris and Phocis in which parts are several good Cities and Towns amongst which are 1. Athens now Sitines more famous for its Antiquity than any thing else being now scarce any other than a Fishers Town but formerly a large rich and stately City the Nursery of Learning and a place from whence all Arts and Sciences spread themselves all over Aeurope 2. Thebes now Stives seated on the River Gephisus famous for the Wars here made between Polynices and Eteocles Sons to Prince Oedipus it was sack'd by the Macedons after which it was re-edified by Cassander but of no account nor beauty to what it was formerly Next to this City are the Streights not above 25 foot broad 3. Lepanto chief of Aetolia seated in the bottom of a Gulph so called and where Augustus and Anthony sought for the Empire of the World and where more lately was that signal Battle between the confederate Christians and the Turks This City enjoyeth a good Trade and affordeth several good Commodities as Silk Oils Cottons Galls Anniseeds Wax Hony Currans Wines c. 4. Marathon of note for the Victory of Miltiades gained against the powerful Army of Darius which consisted of 100000 Foot and 10000 Horse 5. Megara where Euclid taught Geometry 6. Platea nigh to which was fought an exceeding great Battle between the Grecians and the Persians 7. Delphos famous for the Temple of Apollo which was destroyed by the Phocians who took from it 60 Tuns of Gold 8. Sparta formerly of great Account and 9. Micenae famous for the Temple of Juno as also for the habitation of Agamemnor Nigh to this City was the Lake of Lerno where Hercules slew the Lernian Seven-headed Hydra In this Province is the famous Temple of Aesculapius where is also the Mount Helicon and Parnassus much famoused by the Poets and here are also those pleasant Arcadian Plains and the places where the Olympian Games were solemnized with several other memorable places of Antiquity Peloponnesus or the Morea PELOPONNESVS now called MOREA is a Peninsula bounded with the Sea except where it joyneth to Achaia by an Isthmus of about six miles in breadth the whole Peninsula is about 600 miles in compass and contained once many flourishing Provinces as ARCADIA ARGORIS ACHAIA PROPRIA ELIS LACONIA and MESSENIA but at present it is one sole Turkish Province The People were accounted the chief of all the Grecians and gave Rules to the rest as subordinate unto them The chief places are 1. Corinte seated at the foot of the Acrocorinthian Hills hard by the Fountain Pyrene a small Town and of little note to what it was being out of the ruins of the ancient and famous Corinth which was a place of great strength and power 2. Misistra once of good account 3. Thalana nigh unto which is Mount Tenarus from whence Hercules drew Cerbenus as also the Lake Lerna where the said Hercules slew the Monster Hydra 4. Selassia where Antigonus vanquished Clâ—omenus 5. Nemaea where Hercules slew the Lions 6. Olympia very famous for the Statue of Jupiter Olympicus which was 60 Cubits high and of a proportionate thickness being made of Gold and Ivory and in honour to this Jupiter were the Olympick Games instituted by Hercules and performed on the Plains of this City 7. Megalopolis the Birth-place of that eminent Historian Polybius 8. Mantinea nigh unto which the Theban Army which consisted of 30000 Foot and 3000 Horse routed the Army of the Athenians and Spartans which consisted of 2000 Horse and 25000 Foot where that gallant Leader Epaminondas received his deaths wound 9. Lacedemon 10. Argos 11. Thebes now ruinated but the chief places for Traffick now remaining arâ— 12. Modon 13. Petras and 14. Coron all three Cities seated on the Sea-shoar subject to the same Customs and found to afford divers good Commodities the product of Turkey The ISLES seated in the GRECIAN or AEGEAN IONIAN and ADRIATICK Seas IN these Seas there are several Isles many of which are of good note and well frequented by Merchants most of which are in part if not altogether in the possession of the Grand Signior yet the Venetians are not quite expunged But the Turk hath divided all or most of them into eight Beglerbyats and 60 and odd Sangiacats that is into general and particular Governments The AEGEAN or GRECIAN ISLES Isle of Negroponte The chief of the Aegean Isles are 1. NEGROPONTE in the power of the Turks in circuit 365 miles It s chief places are 1. Negroponte seated in a Gulph so called 2. Caristo and Dion a Sea-port Town Isle of Stalimene 2. STALIMENE of old LEMNOS about 100 miles in circuit well peopled by Grecians except three Towns which the Turks keep strongly fortified to keep them in awe It s chief Town is Lemnos or Mirina but of no great note Here is a Sovereign Mineral against infection called Terra Sigillata the Earth thereof is made into small Pellets and sealed with the Turks Stamp and so dispersed and sold to Merchants for an excellent Antidote Isles of Sporades and Cyclades 3. The SPORADES and CYCLADES are a great body of several small Isles dispersed about this Sea or Archipelago and lie so thick that they oft-times become dangerous to Sea-men especially in Storms The chief of these Isles are 1. Milo so called for its abounding in Hony it is about 60 miles in compass very fertil and affordeth store of Grain and Oil but no Wine its chief place is so called 2. Tira 3. Tiresio 4. Nio 5. Stapalia about 50 miles in circuit whose chief place is so called 6. Morgo 7. Nicsia about 75 miles in compass 8. Livila 9. Zinara 10. Raclia 11. Siphano 12. Micone 13. Teno 14. Helena 15. Engia in a Gulph so called all small Isles 16. Fermenia about 60 miles in circuit 17. Zea about 50 miles in compass 18. Andri about 80 miles in compass not far from Negroponte and is found to afford the same Commodities its chief place bears the same name 19. Coos more
Province of Angoumois ANGOVMOIS South of Guienne hath for its chief place Angoulesme Province of Berry BERRY very fertil and hath rich Pastures on which are fed abundance of Sheep of whose Wool the Inhabitants make store of Cloth It s chief places are 1. Burges dignified with a flourishing Vniversity 2. Issoudun 3 Chasteau Roux 4. Argentum and 5. Sancerre Province of Dutchy of Burgundy BOVRGOGNE or BVRGVNDY which is subdivided into several less parts hath for its chief places 1. Dijon built by the Emperour Aurelian proud in her Parliament and for giving birth to St. Bernard 2. Autun once the chief City in the Province and dignified with an Episcopal See 3. Beaune famous for its stately Hospital equalizing many Princes Palaces and these places are in Bourgogne particularly so called 4. Challon in Challonnois belonging to the House of Orange 5. Mascon in Masconnois where the Devil made his visits and disputes to a Minister which story is sufficiently known being at large treated of in a Book entituled the Devil of Mascon 6. Semur in Auxois and 7. Chastillon on the Seine in the Country of Montagne Several small Countries Adjacent to this Province of Burgundy are the Countries of Charollois Auxerrois Bresse Balliage Beugey and Veromey The chief place of CHAROLLOIS is Chorolles of AVXERROIS Auxerre of BRESSE Bourge a Town so well built and so strongly fortified that it is esteemed impregnable of BALLIAGE which bordereth upon the Swisses and Savoy Gex which is not far distant from Geneve and of BVGEY and VEROMAY bordering upon Dolphin and Savoy Belly which is a place of some account Province of Lionnois LIONNOIS hath for its chief places 1. Lions seated upon the conjunction of the Roane with the Soane by some esteemed the second City of France a famous ancient Mart Town and the See of an Archbishop who is Primate of all France 2. Treveux in the Sovereignty of Dombes Mombrizon in the County of Forez and 4. Ville Franche in the Country of Beaujolois Province of Auvergne AVVERGNE hath for its chief places 1. Bourbon the Archambaul 2. Molins seated on the Elaver of note for their neat Cases of Knives and Scissers both in the part or Country of Bourbonnois 3. St. Pierre le Montier in Nivernois 4. Cleremont the Seat of Vercingetorix who so bravely opposed Caesar 5. Riom 6. Monferrand 7. Vic le Comte and 8. St. Flour all in Auvergne particularly so called 9. Gueret and 10. Dorat in the Part of La Marche Government of Guienne and Gascogne In the Government of Guyenne and Gascogne are several Provinces and Countries in which are seated many good Towns and Cities In GVYENNE are 1. the Province of Saintonge whose chief place is Sainctes 2. Guienne which hath for its principal City Bourdeaux seated on the Banks of the Gerende famous for being the Birth-place of King Richard the Second at present honoured with an Vniversity and a Parliament It is a place of a very great Trade and plentifully furnished with divers good Commodities especially Wines and Paper 3. Prigort hath for its chief place Perigueux seated on the Banks of Ila 4. Agenois whose chief place is Agen 5. Limosin hath for its chief places Limoges and Brive 6. Quercy in which are seated Cahors a rich and beautiful City built on the ascent of a Hill and Montalbon scituate on the Garond a place of good strength and 7. Rovergue whose chief places are Rodez and Vabres Provinces in Gascogne In GASCOGNE are also divers Provinces which with its chief places are taken notice of in the Geographical Table of the four Governments beyond the Loire beginning with Guienne and Gascogne Province of Languedoc LANGVEDOC may be divided into three quarters in which are several parts In the higher Langnedoc are the Cities of Toulousa in Toulousan a fair large City though of no continuance and is a place of a considerable Inland-trade 2. Alby in Albigeois 3. Castellan darry in Auraguais and 4. Foix in Foix. In the lower Languedoc are 1. Narbone the first Colony planted by the Romans next to Carthage out of Italy 2. Aleth 3. Limouth all in Narbone 4. Beziers 5. Agde and 6. Pemenas in the quarter of Beziers 7. Montpellier esteemed the healthfullest place for a pure Air in all France 8. Nismes and 9. Beaucaire all in the quarter of Nismes In the other part called Sevennes are 1. Mende in the quarter of Gevaudan 2. Le Puy in Velay 3. Viviers and 4. Vzes in the part of Vivarais Province of Daulphine The Province of DAVLPHINE is watered with the Roane and other Rivers and honoured with the title of the Princes of France It may be divided into three great parts which are subdivided into others viz. in the part or quarter towards the Roane are the Parts and Cities of Vienne in Viennois of some esteem for its excellent Sword-blades here made 2. Valence a fine City watered with the Roane 3. Romans 4. St. Marcellin 5. Crest and 6. Montelimar all in the higher and lower Valentinois and St. Pol Trois Chaux in the part of Tricastin In the quarter in the midst of the Province are 1. Grenoble in Grisivanden 2. Die in Diois and 3. le Bujiz in Baronies And in the quarter towards the Alpes 1. Embrun in Embrunois 2. Gap in Gapensois and 3. Brianson in Briansonnois Province of Provence PROVENCE washed by the Mediterranean Sea hath for its chief places towards the Roane Arles a Town well fortified by Henry the Fourth and Tarascon Upon the Sea 1. Marseille once a Colony of the Phoenicians commodiously seated on the Mediterranean shoar enjoying an excellent Haven and Road for Shipping which renders it a place of a considerable Trade and is well frequented by Merchants 2. Thollon the best Sea-port Town on the Mediterranean in all France having a capacious and safe Haven and is well resorted unto by Merchants 3. St. Tropes 4. Grace and 5. Vence In the midst of the Province are 1. Aix honoured with a Parliament 2. Salon 3. Apt and 4. Riez And towards the Alpes are Sisteron Digne Senez Glandeeve c. To the Province of PROVENCE doth belong the Country of Avignon and the Principality of Orange In Avignon are many walled Towns and some Cities the chief of which is Avignon a fair City seated on the Roane famous for being the ancient Seat of the Popes till removed to Rome This City is worthy of observation in that here is said to be 7 Parish Churches 7 Monasteries 7 Nunneries 7 Inns 7 Palaces and 7 Gates to its Walls as also for being made a Vniversity Principality of Orange In ORANGE are several good Towns and Cities the chief of which is Orange seated on the Meine of note for the wonderful and excellent Antiquities that are here to be seen and this Country belongs to the Prince of Orange To the twelve Governments we ought to add LORRAINE where are the Cities
Goude Rotterdam the Hague the Brill ZELAND Mildebourg Flushing Ziriczee ZUTPHEN Zutphen Doesbourg Grolle One Marquisate of the Empire which consisteth but of the City of Anvers or Antwerp Five Signieuries to wit UTRECHT Utrecht OVERYSSEL where are the Quarters of Saland Deventer Campen Swol Tuente Oldenzee Drente Coevorden WEST FRISE or WEST-FRISELAND Leuvarden Dockum Franicker Staveren GRONINGUE Groningue MALINES Malines To which may be added the Archbishoprick and Seignieury of CAMBRAY Cambray Bishoprick and Signieury of LIEGE where are Liege Tongres Maestricht Dinant Huy County of LINGEN Lingen The ESTATES or UNITED PROVINCES of the LOW COUNTRIES possessed in EUROPE The most Northern part of the LOW COUNTRIES where are eight Provinces or Parts to wit the Dutchy of GUELDERS Quarter of Betuve Nieumegue Bommel Fort de Schenck Quarter of Veluve Arnhem Harderwick Counties of HOLLAND North Holland Alcrnar Horne Inchuse South Holland Dordrecht Harlem Delft Leyde or Leyden Amsterdam Goude Rotterdam the Hague the Brill Gorckum St. Guitremberg ZELAND Mildebourg Ziriczee Flessing Tolen ZUTPHEN Zutphen Doesbourg Grolle Signleurles of UTRECHT Utrecht OVER-YSSEL Deventâ—r Campen Swol Covorden WEST FRISE Lieuvarden Harlingen Franicker Dockum Staveren GRONINGUE Groningue And in the Neighbouring Estates of the LOW COUNTRIES Part of the Dutchy of CLEVES Wesel Rees Emmerick Goch Gennep Part of the Estate of COLOGNE Rhinsberg Orsoy And in the County of EMBDEN Roeroort And in the most Southern part of the LOW COUNTRY Part of the Dutchy of BRABANT Bosleduc Breda Berg op Zom Willemftad Steenberg Lillo Part of the Dutchy of LIMBOURG Maestricht Part of the County of FLANDERS Escluse Ardenbourg Middelbourg Isendiâ—k Biervliet Ter-Neuse Philippine Patience Lifkenshoeck In AFRICA or AFRIQUE AFRICA or LYBIA Upon the Coast or near The Country of the NEGRO'S Arguin Goeree GUINEE St. George de la Mine Fort of Nassau AETHIOPIA The Isles of St. THOMAS Cuidad de Pavoasan LOANDA St. Pol de Loanda In ASIA And in the East INDIES On the Coasts of COROMANDEL SIAM Gueldres Malaca And in the East INDIAN ISLES On the Coasts of Isle of CEYLAN Isle of JAVA Colombo Jacatra or Batavia Part of the MOLUCQUES to wit in TERNATE Talouque Maylaye Tacomma MOTIR Nassau MAQUIAM Taffason Naffaguia or Maurice Tabillola or Telebola BACHIAN Labolia Gamineduore About the MOLUCQUES to wit in GILOLO Zabou AMBOYNE Coubella Lovio Hittou Ambeyne NERA Isle of Banda Nassau Belgique Revenge POLEWAY Isle of Banda Nassau Belgique Revenge Between CHINA and JAPON HERMOSO Zeland In AMERICA or AMERIQUE MERIDIONALE Part of BRAZILE where are the Capitanies of FERNAMBUCO Olinde TAMRACA Tamaraca PARAYBA Parayba RIO GRANDE Potengi CIARA Ciara MARAGNAN Maragnan And near the Coast of VENEZUELA the Isle of Curacao GERMANY about the Danube may be considered in three Parts viz. Higher or SOVABIA which is subdivided into two parts to wit SOVABE or SOVABIA where are The Bishopricks of Ausbourg Dilengen Fuessen Constance Mersbourg Coire Marsoila The Dutchy of Wirtenberg Stutgard Tubingue The Marquisate of Burgau Guntzbourg Part of the Marquisate of Baden Durlach Baden Thirteen Counties among the which are Furstenberg Meâ—kirâ—k Hohenberg Ehingen Rhinfeld Rhinfenden Lauffenbourg Divers Baronies c. The Barony of Waldbourg Thirty five Cities of the EMPIRE among the which Beyond the Danube are Ausbourg Constance Lindau Uberlingue Memmingue Kempten Ravensbourg On this side the Danube are Ulme Norlingue Drinckespuhel Awlen Halle Hailbron Eslingue Guemunde SWISSES or SWITZERLAND under the name of which is understood Thirteen Cantons where of The principal Cities are Basle Berne Zurich Lucerne Soleurne Fribourg Schasshouse Twelve or Thirteen Allies among the which are The Abby and City of St. Gall. The Bishoprick of Sion The Grisons Coire The Bishoprick of Porentruy The Cities of Geneve Mulhausen Newchastel Rotweil Twenty or Twenty five Subjects among the which are The County of Chiavenne The Val Teline Sondrio Wormes or Bormio The Balliages and Cities of Lugan Bellinâ—one Bade Frawenfeld Mean or BAVARIA which is divided into three parts and where are The Estates of the Dukedom of TIROL which comprehendeth The County of Tirol where are Inspruck Tirol Cufstaâ—ne Towards the Lake of Constance the Counties of Feldkirch Bregaz The Protection of the Bishopricks of Trente Brixen The Estates of the Dutchy of BAVARIA where are comprised The Dutchy of Bavaria Higher Munich Landsperg Lower Landshout Straubing Between the Ecclesiasticks The Archbishoprick of Saltzbourg The Bishopricks of Passau Ratisbone Frissingue The Provost of Berehtogade Between the Laicks The Palatinate of Newbourg The County of Hag. Cities of the Emperour Ratisbone Ingolstat Dona-wert The Estates of the Palatinate of BAVARIA which are In the Country of the Palatinate of Bavaria Amberg To the Princes of the House Palatine Sultzbach In the Palatinate of Newbourg Burglenfelt To the Bishoprick of Aichster Aichster In the Langrave of Leuchtenberg Pfreinâ— Lower or AUSTRICHE or AUSTRIA which is divided into two parts to wit Archbishoprick of AUSTRIA Higher Lintz Ens or Ems Wells Freystat Mean Crems Horne Stain Lower Vienne Newstat Bade And the Hereditary Estates of AUSTRIA to wit The Dutchy of Stitle Higher Pruck Lower Graecz Pettau The Dutchy of Carnithie Higher Villach Gurcz Mean St. Veit Lower Lavemunde The Dutchy of Carniole Higher or Seiche Gorice Gradisque Czirknicz Lower Laubach The County of Cilley Cilley The Windishmarch or Marquisate of Vindes Metling Rudolsswerd The SUISSES or SWITZERLAND and that which we understand under the name ought to be considered in three Parts to wit in Thirteen Cantons which following their Antiquity are URI 1308 SUISSE 1308 UNDERWALD 1308 LUCERNE 1332 ZURIOH 1351 ZUG 1352 GLARIS 1352 BERNE 1353 FRIBOURG 1481 SOLEURNE 1481 BASLE 1501 SCHASFHOUSE 1501 APPENZEL 1513 or following their Ranges c. Zurich Protestant Zurich Winterthur Stein Grisfensee Eglifou Berne Protestant Berne Lausanne Yverdon Nyon Mouldon Morges Peterlingen Vevay Lemzbourg Burgdoâ—f Aarbourg Bruck Thun Lucerne Catholick Lucerne Sursce Sempach Uri Catholick Altorf Suisse Catholick Suitz or Suisse Underwald Catholick Stantastad Zug Catholick Zug Glaris Catholick and Protestant Glaris Basle Protestant Basle Fribourg Catholick Fribourg Corbers Gryers Soleurne Catholick Soleurne Schafshouse Protestant Schafshouse Appenzel Catholick Appenzel Their Allies which are The Abbe and City of St. GAL in Suisse Wyll St. Gall. The Bishoprick of SION or County of Valais Sittin or Sion Martinath The GRISONS divided into three Leagues or Confederacies as Higher or Grise Ilantz Dissentis Of the House of God Coir or Chur Furstenow Puschiaâ—e Of the ten Communalties Tafas Meyenfeld The Cities In Alsace or Alsatia Mulhausen In Sovabia Rotweil Towards the Franche County Bienne Neuchastel Vallangin In Savoy Geneve The Bishopricks of Basle in Suisse Porentruy Nuenftar or Bonneville Delmont Constance in Sovabia and Suisse Mersbourg Arbon Bischofszel Bollingen Keiserstul Clingenow Reichenau Steekburne Coire in the Grisons Marsoilachau Their Subjects viz. Subjects to the Cantons as At Glaris the County of Werdenberg Ar Zurich the County of Altsax Foriteckchau At Suisse and Glaris the Balliages of Gastal Uznach At Berne and
Fribourg the Balliages of Murat Orbe Granson Schuartzembourg Of the three most ancient Cantons the Balliages in Italy of Bellinzone Valbrune Polese or Riviere To the same and at Glaris the City and County of Rapperchuil To the seven Ancient Cantons Part of Turgow Dissenhofen Psin The Franck Provinces Meyenberg The County of Sargans Sargans Wallenstad or Riva The City of Fraenfeld To the seven first in Range and Apenzel the Balliages of Rhintal Rhineck Alstetten To the eight Ancient Cantons the Balliages in Suisse of Bade Bremgarten Melingen To the twelve more Ancient Cantons the Balliages in Italy of Lugan Lucarue Mendris Val Madie Subjects to the Allies as To the Abbe of St. Gal the County of Toggenburg Leichtensteg To the Bishoprick of Sion towards Savoy St. Morice Montech Hochtal or Val d'Aux The County of Chiavenne Chiavenne Pleurs Ruynee The Valtelline Morbegno Sondrio Tirano The County of Worms or Bormio And to the same the Protection of the Signieury of Haldenstein GERMANY about the ELBE and the ODER containeth in its Higher Part The Estates of BOHEMIA which may be divided into the Kingdom of BOHEMIA where are Bohemia particularly so called Prague Cuttenberg Pilsen Coningracz Budweiss Leutmaritz Caurzim The Quarter of Egra or Heb Elenbogen or Locker And the County of Glarz Provinces incorporated to the Kingdom of BOHEMIA to wit The Dutchy of Silesie Breslaw Ligniâ—â— Neyse Gros Glogan Brieg Toppau Crossen Jaggcrendorff The Marquisate of M oravia Olmutz Brynn Znaym Iglau Radisch Neustad The Marquisate of Lusace Bautzen Gorlitz Sittau Sorau Guben Cotous Lower Part SAXONY may be divided into the Higher SAXONY where are found The Estates of the Dukes of SAXONY The Dutchy of Saxony Wittenberg The Marquisate of Misue Dreiden Misue Torgaw Lipsick Mersbourg Naumbourg The Dutchy of Altembourg Voitland Zuickaw Turinge Langraviat Erford Dutchies Jeve Cobourg Isenach Counties Schwartzenbourg Mansfeld Smalculd Gleichen Abbess Quedelimberg Abby Salsfeldt Imperial Cities Mulhausen Northausen Principality of Anhalt Dessau Bernebourg The Estate of the Marquisate of BRANDENBOURG Alt-Marck or Vielâ—e-Marck Stendal Havelberg Mittel-Marck or Moyenne-Marck Brandebourg Berlin Francfort on the Oder New-Marck Landsberg Sterneberg The Dutchy of POMERANIA which hath sometime been divided into the Dutchies of Stettin Stettin Anclam Wolgast Wolgast Gutskow Gripsuald Barth Straelsond Barth Rugen Isle and Dutchy Bergen Ancien Stargart Cassubie Colberg Vandalie Stolpe Pomerelia Lowenbourg Lower SAXONY where are found The Archbishopricks of Magdebourg Magdebourg Halle in Saxony Breme Breme Stade The Bishopricks of Ferden Hiddelsheira Halberstat And to the Archbishopr of Mayence the Country of Eychfeld Dudderstat Divers Dutchies the chief of which are Holstein or Holsacia Kyel Segeberg Gluckstad Lunebourg Luneburg Celle Harbourg Danneberg Brunswick Brunswick Wolfenbuttel Grunbenhagen Limbeck Gottingen Gottingue Lawenbourg Lawenbourg Hadler Mecklenbourg Wismar Rostock Scierin or Schwerin Gustraw Imperial Cities among which are Lubeck Hambourg Stoade The Estates of the Crown of BOHEMIA are The Kingdom of BOHEMIA under which ought to be understood BOHEMIA as it is divided into Fifteen Provinces where are Forty and three Royal Cities to wit in the Provinces of Pregensko where is Prague Caurzimsko where are Caurzim Coln Bohmish-Broda Hradecsko Kralow-Hradecz G. Kinigingretz Jaromirz Bydchaff Trantnow G. Konighoff Krabedur Chrudimsko Chrudim Bamberg G. Paumberg Hohemauth Policzka Craslawsko Hora G. Cuttemberg Czaslaw Brechynsko Budiejowize G. Budweiss Tabor Pelhrzimow Teyn suv Wultaw Wltawsko Sedlezany Podbredsko Beraun G. Bern. Prachensko Piseck Suschitz Wodnany Prachatitz Pilsensko Pilsen Klataw Strzibro G. Meisf Domazliez G. Tauss Rockissan Ziatecsko Ziatecz G. Satz Most Launy G. Bruck Cadan Commota Rakownicsko Rakonick Slansko Slaneywreh G. Sehlan Welwary Litomierziesko Litomierz Leitomeritz Auski Melnick Boleslawsko Nymburg Boleslaw G. Jung Bunozel And the Quarters of Hebsko Heb. G. Egra Loketsko Loket G. Elnbogen Glatzko Glatz The Provinces incorporated to the Kingdom of BOHEMIA to wit The Dutchy of SILESKA as it is divided into Three Dutchies Fifteen Principalities and Four Baronies viz. Gros Glogaw Dutchy Gros Glogaw Sprottaw Freystadt Crossen Dutchy Crossen Slagan Dutchy Sagan Jawer Principality Jawer Lemberg Buntslaw Hirschberg Lignitz Princip Lignitz Goldberg Wohlaw Princ. Wohlaw Olsze Principality Olsze Bernstadt Principality Bernstadt Breslaw Princ. Breslaw Namslaw Schweidnitz Principality Schweidnitz Brieg Princ. Brieg Olaw Monsterberg Princ. Monsterberg Neiss or Grotkaw Princ. Neiss Grotkaw Zuckmantel Oppelen Princ. Oppelen Newstadt Klein Glogaw Ratibor Principality Ratibor Jegerndorff Princ. Jegerndorff or Carnow Lubschitz Troppaw Princ. Troppaw Teschen Principality Teschen Among the Baronies are Wartenberg Pless The Marquisate of MORAVIA as it may be divided into the Dutchies of Olmutz Brinn Znaim Their Cities are Olmutz Brinn Znaim Jglaw Hardisch Newstadt Kremsit Krumlow Meseritz Niclasburg Polna Weiskirth The Marquisate of LUSACE or LUSATIA now engaged to the Duke of Saxony is divided into the Higher Lusatia Baudissen or Pautzen Gorlitz Sittaw Lawben Camentz Liebaw Lower â—usatia Soraw Guben Cotbus The House of AUSTRICHE or AUSTRIA in divers Branches and Titles possessed and lying within and near GERMANY to wit AUSTRICHE or AUSTRIA under the name of which may be understood The Archbishoprick of Austriche Vienna Crems Lintz The Dutchy of Stirie Grecz Pruck Carinthie St. Veit Lavemunde Grucz or Straspurg Carniole Laubach The County of Cilley Cilley The Marquisate of Vinde or Vindishmarch Metlin And towards Italy the County of Gorice Gorice Gradisque and part of Istrie Triefte Pedena The Kingdom of HUNGARIE or HONGRIE in part where are In the higher Hungarie Presbourg or Poson Sopron or Oedenbourg Raab or Javarin Comore Fileck Cassau Tokay Varadin In the higher Esclavione Zagrab or Agram Copronitza In the higher Croacie Sisseg And in the Morlaquie Senâ— pr. Senia St. Veit am Flaum The Kingdom of BOHEMIA and the Estates incorporated to Bohemiâ— to wit The Kingdom of Bohemia Prague Cutrenberg Pilsen Coâ—â—â—gracz Rudweis The Dutchy of Silesie Breslau Lignitz Neisse Gros Glogau The Marquisates of Lusacia Baudissen Gorlltz Sittau Sorau Moravia Olmutz Brinne Znaym The County of Glarz Glarz The Signieury of Egra Egra or Heb TIROL under the name of which are The Counties of Tirol Inspruck Hall Cufstain Veldkirck or Feldkirck Bregentz Bregentz The Protection of the Bishopricks of Trente Brixen In SOVABIA the Marquisate of Burgau Burgau Guntzbourg County of Hohenberg Rotenbourg Ehingen Horb City of Yillengen Lantgraviat of Nellenbourg Stockach In SUISSE or SWITZERLAND the County of Rhinselden Rhinselden Lauffenbourg City of Waldshout County of Hapspurg or Habsbourg Protection of the Cities of Constance Celle Within or near the Grisous Castelz Pludentz In ALSATIA or ALSACE the County of Pfirt or Ferrette Altkirck Part of Sungou Tannes Befo rt Langraviat of the higher Alsatia Enfisheim Keisersperg Heiligen Creutz Part of Brisgou Fribourg in Brisgou Brisac Newenbourg The Palatinate of the RHINE in part where are many Cities among the which Oppenheim Franckendal BOURGOGNE in part to wit the County of Bourgogne where are Dole Gray Salins The Catholick LOW COUNTRY for the most
part where are The Dutchies of And the Charollois in part Charolles Brabant Leuvain Brusselles Limbourg Limbourg Luxembourg Luxembourg Thionville Guelderland in part Ruremonde The Counties of Flanders Gand or Gaunt Lille Artois Arras St. Omer Hainault Mons Valenciennes Namur Namur The Marquisate of the Empire where is Anvers or Antwerp The Signieury of Malines Malines And near the LOW COUNTRY The Archbishoprick and Signieury of Cambray Cambray The County of Linghen Lighen To the R t Hon John Egerton Earle of Bridgewater Visc Berckley Bar t of Elsmere L d Leiutenant Buckingham Shire one of L d of his Matys most Hon. Privi Councell c. This Mapp is Humbly Dedicated by R B A GENERALL MAPP OF THE EMPIRE OF GERMANY with its severall Estates Designed by Monsieur Sanson Geographer to the French King c. GERMANY AND BELGIUM Or THE Low Countries Its Bounds Latitude and Longitude GERMANY is in the midst of those three parts which we have placed in the middle of Europe and extends it self from 45 ½ unto 54 ½ degrees of Latitude and from the 28th unto the 41 of Longitude This position shews that it lies in the middle of the Temperate Zone This Germany may be considered in three great parts of which each may be subdivided into three others We will call the great parts Germany about the Rhine Germany about the Danube and Germany about the Elbe and the Oder all which with its lesser parts are taken notice of in the Geographical Tables of Germany according to which method we will proceed and then the first will be the Franche County or BVRGVNDY which is bounded with Bress Switzerland Lorraine and Champaine It s ancient Inhabitants were the Hedui who first called Julius Caesar into France and its People are at present esteemed warlike marching under the Colours of divers Princes and are known by the name of Walloons It is a Country so fertil that it hath been called the Flower of France within whose bounds some do esteem it It hath for its chief places 1. Besanson the Metropolis of Burgundy seated on the banks of the Doux a City of good strength and beauty and made an Vniversity by the commands of Charles the Fifth and Pope Julio the Third 2. Dole in the Balliage of Dole a Town of great strength riches and beauty famous for its Colledge of Jesuites 3. Gray in the Balliage of Amont and 4. Salius in the Balliage of Aval of some account for its rich Salt Fountain Besides these places in Burgundy are numbred 20 walled Towns and about 160 Lordships Province of Lorrain LORRAINE bordering on Burgundy famous for having had for its Duke Godfrey Sirnamed Bulloigne the Recoverer of the Holy Land from the Turks its Dukes now enjoy little else save the Title the Country being seized by the French It is of a fertil Soil affording plenty of Corn and Wine and hath store of Salt It s chief places are 1. Nancy in the Balliage of Francois once dignified with the Seat of the Duke 2. Vandrevange 3. Mirecourt 4. Vancoleur the Birth-place of Joan de Pucelle 5. Pont-a-Mason so named by reason of its Bridge over the Mosa 6. Metz and 7. Toul Country of Barrois Between this Province and Champaine lieth the Country of BARROIS and belongeth to Lorrain whence the eldest Sons of these Dukes were styled Princes of Barri It s chief places are Bar-le-Duc and St. Michael The several parts of the Catholick Low Countries The Catholick LOW COVNTRIES may be contained under the Dukedoms of Brabant Limbourg and Luxembourg the Earldoms of Flanders Artois Haynaut and Namur the Marquisate of the Empire the Signiory of Malines c. The whole Country is exceeding fertil yet found not very advantagious to the Spaniards who are Masters of it Dukedom of Brabant BRABANT for the most part of an ungrateful Soil yet well inhabited and stored with walled Towns and Villages the chief amongst which are 1. Lovaine a fair and large City being about four miles in circuit within its Walls and six without wherein are many delightful Gardens and Meadows and is of note for its Vniversity where there is a Seminary for English Jesuits 2. Brussels a City for its fairness and elegancy of its Buildings its extent being as large as Lovaine giveth place to few in the Netherlands It is at present the residence of the Spanish Governour for the Low Countries and 3. Breda once the Seat of the Prince of Orange till taken by the Spaniards City of Antwerp To the Dukedom of Brabant doth belong the Marquisate of the EMPIRE whose chief place is Anvers or Antwerp seated on the Schelde out of which it hath eight Channels cut the biggest of which are capable to receive about 100 great Ships which doth much facilitate its Trade it is a fair and large City being about seven or eight miles in circuit within its Walls which are strong high and broad enough for Coaches to pass on which the Nobility and Gentry commonly use to recreate themselves In this City are abundance of Painters and Gravers whose work is well received abroad To this Dukedom doth also belong the Signiory of Malines whose chief place bears the same name likewise the Archbishoprick and Imperial City of Cambria of good account and the Bishoprick and Imperial City of Liege seated on the Meuse a Town of good beauty being so filled with fair Abbies and Monasteries that it is called the Paradice of the Priests Dutchy of Limbourg LIMBOVRG hath many good Towns the chief of which are 1. Limbourg seated on the Banks of the Weser and giveth name to the Dutchy 2. Mastrich a place of great strength being held almost impregnable yet was gained lately by the French but through the assistance of the English under the command of his Grace James Duke of Monmouth 3. Dalen fortified with a Castle c. Dukedom of Luxembourg LVXEMBOVRG Northwards of Lorrain said to contain about 1000 Villages and 23 walled Towns the chief of which are 1. Luxembourg seated on the Elze 2. Thionville which with the other places suffered much in the time of the Wars betwixt France and Spain Forrest of Ardenna The Spaw In this Province is the famous Forrest of Ardenna once about 500 miles in compass now scarce 90 and in it or on its edges is the no less famous Waters of the Spaw so much frequented by the Europeans in and about the Month of July being found exceeding good for several Diseases in the body Man FLANDERS Earldom of Flanders described FLANDERS should be the most famous of all these Countries since it communicates its name to them all it is divided into Tutone Wallone and Imperiale The chief Cities and places in this Earldom are 1. Ghent whose Walls are seven miles in compass and was once of great beauty but now through the Seditiousness of its Inhabitants it is much ruinated a good part of it being
The fourth thing which is next above this is a Dias for the Minutes of hours so that you shall see every Minute pass Two beautiful Pictures of two Children are joyned to either side of this he which is on the North-side hath a Scepter in his hands and when the Clock striketh he telleth orderly every stroke He on the South-side hath a fine Hour-glass in his hand which runneth just with the Clock and when the Clock hath stricken he turneth his Hour-glass which is run forth and holdeth it running The first thing which is next above the Minute-Dial is the Dial for the hour containing the half parts also the uttermost circumference containeth the hours but within it is made a curious and perfect Astrolabe whereby is shewed the motion of every Planet his aspect and in what Sign what degree and what hour every one is in every hour of the day the opposition likewise of the Sun and Moon and the Head and Tail of the Dragon And because the Night darkneth not the Sun nor the Day the Moon or other Planets therefore their Courses are here exactly seen at all times The sixth thing which is next unto this is a Circle wherein the two Signs of the Moon rising and falling at two several hollow places it is seen at what state she is and her Age is declared by an Index which is wholly turned about once every Month. The seventh thing which is about this are four little Bells whereon the Quarters of the hour are strucken at the First quarter cometh forth a little Boy and striketh the first Bell with an Apple and so goeth and stayeth at the fourth Bell until the next Quarter then cometh a lusty Youth and he with a Dart striketh two Bells and succeedeth into the place of the Child at the Third cometh forth a man in Arms with a War-Mace in his hand and striking three Bells he succeedeth into the place of the young Man at the Fourth quarter cometh forth an Old man with a Staff having a Crook at the end and he with much ado because he is Old striketh the four Bells and standeth at the Fourth quarter until the next Quarter forthwith to strike the Clock cometh Death in the Room above this for this is the eight thing and this understand that at every Quarter cometh he forth thinking to catch each of those former Ages away with him but at a contrary side in the same Room where he is cometh Christ forth and driveth him in but when the last Quarter is heard Christ giveth him leave to go to the Bell which is in the midst and so striketh he with his Bone according to the number of the hours and there he standeth at the Bell as the Old man doth at his quarter Bell until the next Quarter and then go they in both together The ninth and last thing in this right Line is the Town at the top of the Work wherein is a noble pleasant Chime which goeth at three seven and eleven of the Clock every time a diverse Tune to one of the Psalms and at Christmas Easter and Whitsontide a Thanksgiving unto Christ and when this Chime hath done the Cock which standeth on the top of the Town on the North-side of the main Work having stretched out his Neck shaken his Comb and clapped his Wings twice Crowseth then twice and this verily he doth so shrill and naturally as it would make any man to wonder and if they list which attend the Clock they make him to Crow more times In this Town whereon this Cock standeth are conveyed all the Instruments of those motions which are in the foresaid described things The other places of note in this Lower Alsatia are 2. Altkirck in the part of Sungou 3. Ensisheim in higher Alsatia 4. Frisbourg in Brisgou 6. Offenbourg in Mortnais and 7. Bade in the Marquisate Palatinate of the Rhine The PALATINATE of the RHINE which is divided or severed into the Estates of the Palatinate the Estates of the Princes of the House Palatinate and the Bishopricks and Imperial Cities of Spires and Wormes The chief places are Heidelberg seated in a Plain but environed on three sides with high Mountains and the other regards the Rhine from which it is distant about a mile it is dignified with the Seat of the Palsgraves as also with an Vniversity 2. Spires seated in a Plain about half a mile from the Rhine a City of more Antiquity than Beauty and Trade being of note for the Imperial Chamber here continually kept 3. Wormes a City also of good Antiquity for the many Imperial Parliaments here formerly held and 4. Frankendal a new fair strong and beautiful City about which grow great plenty of Rhenish Wines Electorates of Mayence Trives and Cologne The Electorates and Archbishopricks on the Rhine are those of MAYENCE whose chief places are Mayence and Aschaffenbourg of TREVES whose chief places are Treves and Coblentz and of COLOGNE whose principal places are Cologne and Bonne Cleaveland The Estates of the Succession of CLEAVELAND contain the Dutchies of Cleves of Julier and of Berge The Dutchy of Cleves and County of Marke is in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh Dutchy of Cleves and hath for its chief places Wesel and Hamme in the County of Marks Dutchy of Juliers The Dutchy of JVLIERS hath for its chief places Aken where the Emperour after his Election is invested with the Silver Crown of Germany this place is of great esteem for its holy Relicks and 2. Juliers The Dutchy of BERGE or MONTE hath for its chief places Dusseldrop Hattingen and Arusberg The VNITED PROVINCES UNder the name of the Vnited Provinces of the LOW COVNTRIES or NETHERLANDS are contained the Dutchy of Guelders the Earldoms of Holland Zeland and Zutphen and the Lordships of Vtrecht Overyssel Groningue and Malines Dutchy of Guelderland The Dutchy of GVELDERS or GVELDERLAND Westwards of Brabant is divided into the Quarters of Betuve Veluve and Guelders particularly so called wherein are the Towns of 1. Nieumegue once a Free City seated on the branch of the Rhine called Whael and made one of the Imperial Seats in these parts by Charles the Great the other two being Thionvil and Aken 2. Arnhem the usual residence of the Dukes of Guelders 3. Ruremond so called from the River Ruer and Monde 4. Harderwick from a Village made a walled Town by Otho the third Earl 5. Guelders 6. Venlo and 7. Bommel Earldom of Holland The Earldom of HOLLAND hath on the West and North the Seas from which no part is above three hours distance in this Earldom are said to be about 400 Villages and 23 Towns the chief of which are Amsterdam which of late by the addition of the new to the old is a fair strong and beautiful City being the most rich and powerful of all the Netherlands famous for its great Trade to the utmost parts of the World and as infamous for its
toleration of all Religions It is seated on the Tay which like a large but calm Sea floweth on the North-side and the River Amster taking its course from the South through three Lakes entreth the City passeth through it and falleth into the Tay. This City may be said to be the greatest Haven Town in the VVorld where there are commonly to be seen about a 1000 Sail of Ships to ride and by reason of its vast Trade to Foreign parts is found to have great plenty of all known Commodities as being general Traders to most places of Traffick 2. Rotterdam famous for giving Birth to Erasmus 3. Delft inhabited most by Brewers and their Relations 4. Harlem where Printing was first invented and the first Book that ever was Printed was Tully's Offices 5 Leyden dignified with a famous Vniversity the Town consisteth of 41 Islands the passage from one to the other being by Boats and Bridges there being about 40 of Wood and 110 of Stone 6. Dort where in Anno 1618. was held a National Synod against the Arminians 7. Brille 8. Alemar 9. Incluse and 10 the Hague a Village but the largest in the VVorld equalizing many fair Cities numbring about 2000 Houses and is very populous it is adorned with the Palaces of the States General who have here their Assemblies It will not be improper to speak of the power of these States by Sea which is so great than in Holland Zeland and Friezland they are able to put forth to Sea about 2500 Sail of Ships for burthen and war Nor can it be forgot how Margaret A strange Birth of 365 Children Sister to Floris the Fourth Earl of Holland had at one Birth being 42 years of Age 365 Children which were all Christned in two Basons in the Church of Lasdunen by Guido Bishop of Vtrecht who named the Males all Johns and the Females Elizabeths and the Basons are yet to be seen in the said Church The Earldom of ZELAND quasi Sea and Land Zeland consisting of seven Islands the remainder of fifteen which the Seas are said to have swallowed up in which were abundance of good Towns and Villages The seven Isles yet remaing are 1. Walcheren whose principal Towns are Middlebourg once enjoying a good Trade by the residence of the English Merchant-Adventurers and Flushing the first Town that the States took from the Spaniards being now a place of good strength and held to be the Key of the Netherlands The second Isle is South Beverland whose chief Town is Tergowse The third Schoven where are Sirexee and Brevers Haven The fourth Tolen whose principal place is Tertolenâ— the other three Islands are North-Beverland Duveland and Wolferdike This Country is destitute of Fresh-water and Wood but in recompence is very fertil in Grains Earldom of Zutphen The Earldom of ZVTPHEN whose chief places are Zutphen seated on the Yssel a place of great strength Barony of utrecht The Barony of VTRECHT North of Holland hath 70 Villages and 5 walled Towns the chief of which are 1. Vtrecht a City commodiously feated for passage by Boats to divers other Towns which with the benefit of the common Ferries one may go in a day from hence to any of the 59 walled Towns equally distant from it and to Dinner to any of the 26 Towns and return at Night 2. Rhenen 3. Amsford 4. Wicket and 5. Montfort Barony of Overyssel The Barony of OVERYSSEL bounded on the East with Wesphalia its chief places are Deventer and Swoll in the quarter of Saland Oldenzee in the quarter of Tuente and Goevorden in the quarter of Drente Westfriezlands The Barony of WEST-FRIEZLAND is bounded on the VVest and North with the Sea is said to number 340 Villages and 10 Towns the chief of which are 1. Louvarden where there is held the Common Council for the Province 2. Harlingen a Maritim Town 3. Franicker of late made a University and 4. Dockum Groningue The Barony of GRONINGVE is a Town in West-Friezland having under its Jurisdiction 145 Villages of which the chief are Groningue Old Haven and Keykerke Under the name of Germany beyond the Rbine we comprehend Franconia Hessia and Westphalia Province of Franconia The Province of FRANCONIA is divided into three parts viz. into Ecclesiasticks or Bishopricks Laicks and Imperial Cities the Bishopricks are those of Writzberg Bamberg and Mergetheim Cites of good account the Laicks are the Marquisates of Cullembach and Onspach and the Counties of Holas whose chief place is Weickersheim and Wertheim whose chief place bears the same name and the Imperial Cities are 1. Nuremberg seated in a barren Soil yet by reason of the Industry of its Inhabitants is a place of good Riches and well frequented by Merchants for their Wares known by the name of Nuremberg-Wares 2. Francfort seated on the Moene which severeth it into two parts but joyned together by a fair Bridge It is encompassed with a strong double Wall it is a Free City of the Empire and famous for the two Fairs or Marts for Books here annually held the one in Lent and the other in September and 3. Schweinfurt Lantgravedom of Hassia The Lantgravedom of HASSIA Eastwards of Saxony its chief places are 1. Cassel a City seated in a fertil Soil yet of no great beauty 2. Marpurg an Vniversity and the Seat of the Second House of the Lantgraves and 3. Dormestad the Seat and Inheritance of the youngest House of the Lantgraves To this Province doth belong the Country of WALDECK whose Earls are subject to the Lantgraves its chief place is Gorbach Likewise to this Province belongeth WETTERAVIA whose chief places are Nassau Solins Hanâ—u and Isenbourg Province of Westphalia The Province of WESTPHALIA is divided into three parts to wit Ecclesiasticks Counties and Imperial Cities This Province was the ancient habitation of the Saxons the Soil is very fertil wonderfully stored with Acorns which makes their Swines-flesh excellent and so much esteemed The chief places in the Ecclesiasticks are those of Paderborne Minde and Arensberg also the Bishopricks of Collen Munster and Triers The Bishoprick of COLLEN taketh up a great part of Westphalia Bishoprick of Collen c. and hath for its chief place Collen a City well stored with Schools for the education of Youth and here according to Report were interr'd the Bodies of the three Wise-men which came from the East to worship our Saviour vulgarly called the three Kings of Collen The Bishoprick of MVNSTER hath its chief place so called seated on the River Ems where there is a Monastery so called built by Charles the Great 2. Warendrop and 3. Herwerden The Bishoprick of TRIERS hath for its chief places 1. Triers an ancient City seated on the Moselle 2. Bopport seated on the said River and 3. Engers The Counties belonging to Westphalia The Counties belonging to the Province of Westphalia are 1. EMBDEN whose chief place is Aurick 2. OLDENBOVRG whose chief place is
so called 3. HOYE which hath for its chief place Nienbourg 4. LIPPE whose chief place is Lipstad 5. RAVENSBERG whose chief place is Herword and 6. BENTHEM whose chief place bears the fame name And lastly Imperial Cities the Imperial Cities are those of Embden seated low and therefore no good VVinter City but in the Summer is very pleasant and Zoest of some account We have already subdivided Germany about the Danube it parts as they are set down in the Geographical Table of Germany about the Danube are as followeth Province of Sovabia with its Parts The Province of SOVABIA is divided into several parts and Bishopricks viz. the Bishoprick of AVSBOVRG whose chief places are Dillengen and Fuessen The Bishoprick of CONSTANCE whose chief place is Mersbourg The Bishoprick of COIRE whose chief place is Marsoila The Dutchy of WIRTENBERG whose chief places are Stutgard dignified with the Seat and residence of the Duke and Tubingue of note for being a University both Imperial Cities The Marquisate of BVRGAV which hath for its chief place Guntzbourg Part of the Marquisate of BADENDVRLACK hath for its principal place Baden seated on the Rhine and honoured with the residence of the Marquess for the Winter Season as Milberg is for the Summer The County of FVRSTENBERG hath for its chief place Meskirch The County of HOHENBERG whose chief place is Ehingen The County of RHINFELD hath for its chief places Rhinfelden and Lauffenbourg The Barony of WALDBOVRG whose chief place bears the fame name The Marquisate of ANSPACH whose chief place bears the fame name The Bishoprick of WEIRTSBERG whose chief place bears fame name The Bishoprick of MENTZ whose chief place is so called seated on the Moene this Bishop is the chief Elector of Germany The Bishoprick of BAMBERG hath for its chief places Bamberg seated on the Moene and Fochiam where as 't is said Pontius Pilate was born Besides these Parts or Countries there are several IMPERIAL CITIES Imperial Cities as they lye on this side and beyond the Rhine as 1. Ausbourg seated on the Leith in a fruitful Plain for Corn and Pastures Northwards of the Alpes from which it is not far distant it is a Free City of the Empire governed by a Senate of Citizens and is a place of beauty and good strength 2. Constance 3. Vberlingue with twelve others as are mentioned in the Geographical Table of Germany about the Danube Switzerland and its parts The Province of SWITZERLAND the SWISSES or HELVETIA South of Italy and Savoy is divided into 13 Cantons and Confederates with them are 12 or 13 Allies and 20 or 25 Subjects all which with the names of the several Cantons c. are set down in the Geographical Table of Switzerland The whole Country is in length 240 miles and about 180 in breadth it is exceeding populous and the Men being good Souldiers and addicting themselves to the Wars serve under the Colours of any Prince that hireth them This Country is said to lie the highest of any in Europe as sending forth four Rivers which run through its quarters viz. the Rhine Danube the Po and the Roanus But to proceed to its chief places in the Cantons and then with those Confederate with them and 1. Basle seated on the Rhine which separates it into the greater and lesser Basle once an Imperial City but now joyned to the Cantons it is of note for its University for the notable Council here held and for the Sepulchers of Erasmus Hottoman Clareanus and Pontanus 2. Zurich seated on the Lake Zurisca which separates it into two parts but joyned together with three fair Bridges that in the midst serving for a Meeting-place for Merchants 3. Lucerne seated on the banks of a great Lake so called 4. Steine 5. Berne 6. Soleurne 7. Fribourg and 8. Schafshouse Common-wealth of Geneva Amongst the Confederates with the Switzers the chief are the Common-wealth of GENEVA whose Territories though not above eight miles in circuit and and the City not above two miles in circuit is said to contain about 16 or 17000 Souls it is seated on the Lake Lemanus through which the River Rhosne takes its course which divides the City in two parts it is a fair City well fortified and wholly in the possession of the Protestants and since the Reformation is become a flourishing University The Government of this Estate is by a Common-Council consisting of 200 the four chief amongst them are called Syndiques The Magistrates of this City allow of all Civil Recreations on Sundays to their Ministers they allow no Tithes but give them yearly Stipends The Grissons Sangal Vallais The GRISSONS hath for its chief place Coire also SANGAL and the Territory of VALLAIS or Valesia seated wholly amongst the Alpes a Country of no great bigness consisting in craggy Rocks and impassible Hills yet intermixed with delightful and rich Vallies It s chief places are Sittin or Sion the only walled Town in the Country and is a place of great strength as well by Nature as Art being seated on a high and steep Hill 2. Martinach of note for its Antiquity and 3. Augaunum or St. Maurice esteemed the Key of the Country especially in the Winter the Ice stopping all other entrances here being a Bridge over the Rhine for that purpose which is strongly built and as well fortified and guarded for fear of a Surprizal Besides these several other Places Bishopricks and Cities which are their Allies and Subjects which I have observed in the Geographical Table of Switzerland Province of Bavaria with Its parts Dukedom of Tirol The Province of BAVARIA is divided into the Dukedom of Tirol the Dutchy of Bavaria and the Palatinate of Bavaria The Estates of the Dukedom of TIROL is about 70 miles in length and as much in breadth it hath for its chief places 1. Inspruck seated on the Oenus 2. Trent a Bishoprick seated on the River Adesis famous for the General Council there held by Pope Paul the Third against the Doctrines of Luther and Calvin which continued off and on for the space of 18 years 3. Tirol and 4. Feldkirch The Soil of this Country is very fertil and in many places hath store of Silver-Mines which are found profitable to the Arch-Dukes Dutchy of Bavaria The Dutchy of BAVARIA hath for its chief places 1. Munick seated on the Aser dignified with the residence of the Duke 2. Saltzbourg seated on the River Saltzech a City honoured with a Bishoprick and here lieth interr'd the Body of Paracelsus 3. Passau famous for the often meeting here of the German Princes 4. Ratisbone seated on the Danow of note for the interview here made between the Emperour Charles the Fifth and Maurice Duke of Saxony 5. Frisingue seated on the ascent of a Hill and not far from the River Mosacus and 6. Ingulstad seated on the Danube and dignified with an University Palatinate of Bavaria The Palatinate of BAVARIA hath for its
chief places 1. Amberg seated amongst Silver-Mines 2. Newbourg usually the portion of some of the younger Palatines 3. Castel where the Palatinates of the Rhine when they sojourn in this Country use to keep their Court 4. Sultzbach 5. Burglenfelt 6. Aichstet and 7. Pfreimt Dukedom of Austria with its parts The Arch-Dukedom of AVSTRIA is seated on both sides of the Danube and hath united to it as Horeditary possessions of that House the Provinces or Dukedoms of Stirie Carinthie Carniole the County of Cilley and the Marquisate of Windischmarch The particular Dukedom or Province of AVSTRIA is separate from Hungaria on the East by the Leite Austria its chief places are 1. Vienna seated on the Danube at present the Seat of the German Emperours as being the Metropolitan fairest and most beautiful City in all Germany being adorned with many magnificent Temples and stately Monasteries but above all with a most sumptuous and Princely Palace where the Emperour keeps his Court. It is esteemed the Bulwark of the Country against the Turks being of note for the repulse they gave the Turks in Anno 1526 when besieged by about 200000 under the conduct of Solyman the Magnificent and were thence repulsed with the loss of about 80000 Men. 2. Ems so called from the River on which it is seated 3. Wells 4. Crems seated on the Danube 5. Home 6. Newstat and 7. Bade Dukedom of Stirie The Dukedom of STIRIE is contiguous to Austria on the South hath for its chief places Grecz Pruck and Pettau Dukedom of Carinthie c. The Dukedom of CARINTHIE is South of the Alpes and hath for its chief places 1. St. Veit the Metropolitan City of this Country 2. Lavemunde and 3. Grucz The Dukedom of CARNIOLE adjoyning on Italy Westwards hath for its chief places Laubuch Gorice Gradisque and Czirknitz The Country of CILLEY whose chief place bears the same name The Marquisate of WINDISCHMARCH which hath for its chief places Metling and Radolfswred Germany about the Elbe and Oder contains Bohemia and the Higher and Lower Saxony To Bohemia are incorporated the Dukedom of Silesia and the Marquisates of Moravia and Lusatia BOHEMIA Kingdom of Bohemia THe Kingdom of BOHEMIA is encompassed with the Hercynian Forests which for a long time was a fence against the Romans it hath on the East Moravia and Silesia on the South Austria on the West Bavaria and on the North Luisatia The whole Kingdom contains 550 miles in circuit in which are said to be 780 Cities walled Towns and Castles and about 32000 Villages Its Inhabitants are much addicted to Drunkenness and Gluttony but the Nobility and Gentry for the most part are of another temper The Soil of the Kingdom is extreamly fertil and enriched with Mines of all sorts of Metal except Gold It is severed into 15 Provinces and hath for its chief places 1. Prague the Metropolis of the whole Kingdom and seated in the midst and on the River Mulda This City consisteth of four several Towns and every one of them have their peculiar Magistrates Laws and Customs to wit the Old Prague beautified with a famous Senate-house a large Market-house and several fair Structures then the New Prague separate from the Old by a deep and broad Ditch also the little Town so called which is divided from the Old Prague by the Mulda to which it is joyned by a fair Bridge In this City is the Hill Rachine on the sides of which are many beautiful Houses inhabited by the Nobility and on the summit thereof is a magnificent Palace and is the residence of the Bohemian Kings and later Emperours the fourth and last part is the Town of the Jews as by them inhabited where they have five Synagogues and live according to their own Laws 2. Coln 3. Jaromirz 4. Churdin 5. Hora 6. Tabor 7. Pisen 8. Ziatecz 9. Rakonick 10. Melnisk and 11. Nimburg all places of good account The Provinces Incorporate to Bohemia are the Dutchy of Silesia the Marquisates of Moravia and Lusasia Dutchy of Silesia SILESIA is Eastwards of Bohemia and is severed into two equal parts by the River Oder which hath here its beginning it is divided into three Dutchies fifteen Principalities and four Baronies whose names with their chief places I have taken notice of in the Geographical Table of Bohemia It s chief places are 1. Breslaw so called from a Duke of this Province who built it In the year 1341 it was totally burnt but since the rebuilding is become one of the neatest Towns in this part 2. Gros-glogaw 3. Jawer 4. Lignitz 5. Breslaw 6. Breig 7. Monsterbeg 8. Neiss 9. Oppelen 10. Ratibor 11. Troppaw and 12. Wartenberg Marquisate of Moravia The Marquisate of MORAVIA West of Bohemia is esteemed the most fertil Country for Corn in Germany abounding also in Myrrhe and Frankinsince not growing on Trees but out of the ground It is severed into three parts viz. Olmutz Brinn and Znaim and hath for its chief places 1. Brinn dignified with the Seat of the Marquiss 2. Olmutz seated on the Morava from whence the Country takes its name and is dignified with an Vniversity 3. Iglaw 4. Znaim 5. Kremsir 6. Krumlow and 7. Polna all places of good account Marquisate of Lusatia The Marquisate of LVSASIA South of Bohemia is divided into the Higher and Lower Lusasia a Country though but little yet able to Arm 20000 foot It hath for its chief places 1. Baudissen 2. Gorlitz 3. Sittaw 4. Soraw and 5. Guben The County of Glatzko and the Signiory of Egra belong likewise to the Kingdom of Bohemia SAXONY Saxony with its parts THE Lower part of Germany about the Elbe and Oder is taken up by Saxony which is divided into the Higher and Lower in the higher are the Estates of the Dukes of Saxony the Estates of the Marquisate of Brandenburg and the Dutchy of Pomerania In the Lower Saxony are several Archbishopricks Bishopricks Dutchies and Imperial Cities which I have taken notice of in the Geographical Table of Germany about the Elbe and the Oder Higher Saxony and its parts The Higher SAXONY for the most part belongs to the Duke and Elector of Saxony It is bounded on the East with Lusatia and Brandenburgh on the South with Bavaria and Bohemia on the West with Hassia and Franconia and on the North with Lower Saxony and Brandenburgh It is divided into the Dutchy of Saxony the Marquisate of Misne the Dutchy of Voitland Turinge with its several parts and the Principality of Anhalt The chief places in the Dutchy of Saxony are 1. Wittenberg seated on a plain and Sandy barren ground once dignified with the Seats of the Dukes of Saxony famous for the Sepulchers of Luther and Melancthon it is dignified with an Vniversity and of this Town there is a common Proverb That a man shall meet nothing but Schollers Whores and Swine which last is their food and 2. Worlets seated on the Albis
Province of Misne The Province of MISNE hath for its chief places 1. Dresden seated on the Albis the residence of the Duke and Prince Elector of Saxony it is a place of great strength having on its Walls and Bulwarks 150 Peeces of Ordnance being the Dukes Magazin for Arms and Men where upon a days warning he can make ready 30000 Horse and Foot 2. Dipsick seated in a fruitful Plain for Corn a fair Town graced with large Streets and beautified with many lofty Buildings of Freestone and is of some account for its University for the study of Philosophy and it is observed that these Philosophers amongst other Secrets in nature find Beer so good that the Duke gains by the Custom thereof drunk by them and the Inhabitants who follow their steps about 20000 l. per annum sterling Dutchy of Voitland The Dutchy of VOITLAND is of no large extent and of as little note its chief places are Altembourg and Zuickaw Province of Turinge The Province of TVRINGE about 120 miles in length and breadth is divided into several parts and hath for its chief places 1. Erdford a fair and large City 2. Jeve an University of Physitians 3. Smalcald famous for the Lutheran League here made in Anno 1530 by the German Princes which in a short time was propogated over all Christendom 4. Cobourg 5. Quedelimberg 6. Salsfeldt 7. Mulhausen and 8. Northausen which two last are Imperial Cities The Principality of ANHALT hath for its chief places Dessau and Bernebourg Anhalt Marquisate of Brandenbourg The Marquisate of BRANDENBOVRG East of Poland is in compass about 520 miles is separated into the parts of Altmark Mittle Mittlemarck Marche and Newmarck its chief places are 1. Havelberg scituate on the River Havel the Seat of a Bishop 2. Brandenbourg which communicates its name to the Country 3. Berlin seated on the River Spre the ordinary residence of the Marquiss 3. Francfort seated on the Oder to distinguish it from the other on the Meine and in a fertil Soil for Corn and Wine it is dignified with an Vniversity and a great Mart Town but not comparable to the other Francfort and 5. Landsberg Province of Pomerania The Province of POMERANIA South of Brandenbourg is divided into nine Dutchies whose names are set down in the Geographical Table It s chief places are 1. Stettin the residence of the Prince which from a poor Fisher Town is now become the chief of the Country 2. Walgast once a famous Mart Town where the Russians Vandals Danes and Saxons had their particular Streets of abode for Trade but now it is lost and from thence removed to Lubeck 3. Gripsvald an University 4. Straelsond 5. Bergen 6. Stargart 7. Colberg 8. Stolpe and 9. Lowenbourg That part of the Country about Stettin belong to the Swede and that towards Colberg to the Marquisate of Brandenbourg Lower Saxony with its parts The Lower SAXONY is divided into the Archbishopricks Bishopricks divers Dutchies with some Imperial Cities the names of all which are set down in the Geographical Table of Saxony In this Lower Saxony are divers good Towns and Cities the chief of which are 1. Magdebourg a City which gives name to its Territory 2. Breme which also gives name to its Territory or Archbishoprick is one of the Hans-Towns so called from the freedom of Traffick here used it is commodiously seated on the Visurge which runneth through the City and at five miles distance falleth into the Sea 3. Ferden 4. Hiddelshein 5. Halberstat which three last are all Cities which give name to their Territories or Bishopricks The several Dutchies are HOLSTEIN or HOLSATIA where are the Cities of Kyell Segelberg and Gluckstad Dutchy of Lunebourg The Dutchy of LVNEBOVRG hath for its chief places 1. Lunebourg said to be so called from the Moon which the ancient Inhabitants worshipped it is an Imperial and Free City of good strength being well fortified with thick Mud-walls and deep Ditches and its Buildings are fair a place well known for its salt â—â—untain here found over which is built a spacious House containing 52 Rooms in every one of which are placed eight Chaldrons of Lead in each of which are boiled a Tun of Salt every day the profit of which is divided into three parts one to the Duke another to the City and the other to the Monastery and some adjoyning Earldoms And 2. Celle the Seat of the Duke of Lunebourg Dutchy of Brunswick c. The Dutchy of BRVNSWICK hath for its chief places 1. Brunswick seated in a fertil Soil for Corn a free Imperial City strongly fenced about with Walls besides the River of Ancor which encompasseth it this place is famous for its Mum which the Inhabitants are so much addicted unto that they commonly spend the Forenoons about their Affairs and the Afternoons in good Fellowship 2. Wolfenbutten the Seat of the Dukes of Brunswick The Dutchy of GRVBENHAGEN whose chief place is Limbeck The Dutchy of GOTTINGEN whose chief place is Gottingue The Dutchy of LAWENBOVRG whose chief places are Lawenbonrg and Hadler The Dutchy of MECKLENBOVRG West of Pomerania hath for its chief places 1. Wismar so named from Wisamarus a King of the Vandals Father of Rhadaguse who with Alarick the Goth sacked Rome 2. Rostock an University and 3. Scierin Amongst the Imperial Free Cities or Hans-Towns which are about 72 most of which are seated on the Sea-shoar or navigable Rivers enjoying large Immunities and able to put to Sea about 100 Sail of Ships these following are of most note 1. Lubeck seated on the Trane which on the North-side divides Germany from Denmark and on a spacious Hill on the top whereof is a beautiful Church from whence lead Streets to all the Gates of the City besides which there are nine other Churches it is encompassed with a double Wall one of Brick and the other of Earth and in some parts deep Ditches where Ships of about 1000 Tuns are brought up to Winter from Tremuren its Maritim-Port seated on the Baltick Sea from which it is about a miles distance The Buildings of this City are of Brick and very beautiful to which they have many pleasant Gardens and the Inhabitants are to be commended for their civility to Strangers as also for their strictness in the execution of their Justice 2. Hambourg seated on a large and Sandy plain and on the banks of the Albis where it divides Germany from Denmark it is a strong City encompassed with a deep Ditch and on the East and North-sides with a double Ditch and Wall and hath six Gates for entrance the Haven being shut up with Iron-Chains and strictly guarded It is adorned with many fair buildings as the Senate-house the Exchange c. hath nine Churches for Divine Worship and its private Houses are for the most part neatly built it is very populous well Inhabited and frequented by Merchants especially by the English who have here a Factory
Kexholm or Barelogorod INGRIA which is not subdivided into Provinces Notteburg or Orescu Juanogorod Caporia Jamagorod LIVONIA in part as The rest belongeth to the Crown of POLAND ESTEN or ESTONIE where are the parts of Esten Febin Vickeland Pernajo Habsel Harneland Revel Wireland Wiesenburg Tolsburg Alantack Nerva Nyslot Jervenland Wittenstein Kikeland Derpt LETTEN with its parts and places as they lie Towards the West Riga Segenwold Wenden Walmer Towards the South Koekenhaus Creutzburg Dunburg Towards the East Maryenburg SCANDINAVIA Wherein are the ESTATES of DENMARK AND SWEDEN The extent bounds c. of Scandinavia SCANDIA or SCANDINAVIA is only a Peninsula which extends it self from the 56th degree of Latitude unto or beyond the 71 which are near 400 Leagues from North to South and from the 26th degree of Longitude unto the 45th on the Baltick Sea and on the Ocean unto the 53 but this Mass of Land cannot have in its greatest breath above 150 Leagues finishing in two points towards South and North. It s scituation c. It is bounded on the North and West by the Northern Ocean and on the South and East by the Baltick Sea a continual Chain of Mountains dividing it into two almost equal parts of which one is on the Baltick Sea and the other on the Ocean this possessed by the King of Denmark the other by the King of Sweden DENMARK Its Commodities THe Estates of DENMARK contain two Kingdoms to wit DENMARK and NORWAY Denmark is between the Ocean and the Baltick Sea composed of a Peninsula contiguous to Germany and of a Coast contiguous to Sweden and of divers Isles which are between the Peninsula and Coast some likewise in the middle of the Baltick Sea and near Livonia It is scituate partly in the Northern Temperate Zone and partly within the Artick Circle extending from the 55th degree of Longitude or the middle Parallel of the 10th Clime where it joyneth to Germany as far as 71 degrees where it is bounded by the Frozen Ocean the longest day in the most Southern parts being 17 ¼ hours but in the most Northern parts they have no Night for almost three Months whereas on the other side when the Sun is in the other Tropick and most remote from them they have no Day for the like time This Country is very cold and consequently not over fertil nor affording good Fruits The Commodities that this Kingdom affords are Fish Hides Tallow Furniture for Shipping as Pitch Tar Cordage Masts c. also Firr Boards Wainscot several sorts of Armour c. VIRTUTE NON VI To the Rt. honble 〈…〉 Lord 〈…〉 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 Dâ—â—â—â—â— Earl of 〈◊〉 and L d of his Maitys most Honourable privy Councell c 1678 of 〈…〉 younger son of one of the Danish Kings that came into England with William the Conquerour This Mapp is Humbly dedicated by R B â—â—PP OF THE KINGDOME OF DENNMARKE WITH ITS SEVERALL DIOECESES OR PROVINCES DESIGNED BY MONSIEUR SANSON GEO Its Inhabitants The Inhabitants for the most part are of a good statute and complexion very healthful ingenious and of a ready wit very punctual in performing their Promises proud and high conceited of their own worth lovers of Learning as may appear by those Famous men it hath bred viz. Tycho Brahe the great Mathematician John Cluverus the renowned Philosopher and Physitian Godfrey Gottricus that stout Warriour who not only setled the Government of this Kingdom but also shook the Realm of France likewise Waldemare Christiern the Second and Fourth Canutus and Sueno which two last were the Conquerors of England They are great punishers of Offenders especially Theft and Piracy their Women are of a comly grace very fair and as fruitful in Children discreet and sober The Peninsula called JVITLAND once Cimbrica Chersonesus Juitland from the Cimbrians its ancient Inhabitants it is divided into North and South Juitland North JVITLAND is severed into the Bishopricks of Ripen Arthusen Albourg and Wibourg Diocess of Ripen RIPEN contains 30 Prefectures or Herets as they term them 7 Cities or walled Towns and 10 Castles It s chief places are 1. Ripen seated near the German Ocean the chief place of the Diocess and dignified with an Episcopal See 2. Kolding seated on a Creek of the Baltick Sea 3. Wee l 4. Warde c. Diocess of Arthusen ARTHVSEN containeth 31 Prefecture 7 Cities or walled Towns and 5 Castles It s chief places are 1. Arthusen seated on the Baltick Sea having a commodious and well frequented Port and dignified with an Episcopal See 2. Kalla a strong place seated in a large Bay reaching two Dutch miles to the high Hill of Elemanberg opposite to which lie the Isles of Hilgones Tuen Samsoe Hiarneo and Hiolm c. 3. Horsens 4. Randersen 5. Ebelto and 6. Hobro Diocess of Albourg ALBOVRG which is divided into four parts viz. Thyland whose chief Town is Albourg seated on the Bay of Limford which opening into the Baltick Sea extendeth it self through the main Land almost to the German Ocean 2. Hanebert on the North-west of Limford Bay containeth 4 Prefectures and hath for its chief place Thystad 3. Morsee lying on the Ocean contains 3 Prefectures the Isle of Ageroe the Town of Nicopin and the Castle of Lunstead and 4. Vensyssel according to Mercator Vandalorum sedes or the Seat of the Vandals contains 6 Prefectures 3 Towns and 1 Castle viz. Selby Cagen and Hirring Diocess of Wibourg WIBOVRG contains 16 Prefectures the Isles of Egholm Hansholm Bodum Idgen Cisland and Ostholm also it hath 3 Castles and as many Cities or walled Towns viz. 1. Wibourg dignified with an Episcopal See and the Courts of Judicature for both the Juitlands The point of Scagen or Scean ends this Peninsula towards the North. 2. Lemwick and 3. Holcker South JVITLAND is divided into the Dukedoms of Sleswick and Holstein SLESWICK a Country for the most part level Sleswick enriched with fertil Fields both for Corn and Pasturage it is very well provided with good Bays on the Baltick which are found commodious for Merchants The chief places in this Dukedom are 1. Sleswick seated on the Slea which falls into the Baltick where it hath a commodious and well frequented Haven it is a fair Town the chief of the Dukedom and honoured with an Episcopal See 2. Hussen seated on the German Ocean 3. Sternberg the ordinary residence of the Governour for the King of Denmark 4. Hadersleben seated on a navigable In-let of the Baltick and fortified with a strong and fair Castle 5. Flensborg seated on the Baltick amongst high Mountains having a Port so commodious and deep that Ships do lade and unlade close to their Houses and 6. Gottrop where there is a strong Fort belonging to the Duke of Sleswick seated at the end of a large Bay of the Baltick of note for the Custom-house or Tole-booth there erected for Cattle sent out of these parts into Germany
Derwent which River severeth the County into East and West and it is observed that on the East-side Coal is generally dug and on the West Lead The Inhabitants were the Coritani of the Romans and was afterwards part of the Kingdom of the Mercians It is severed into 6 Hundreds and contains 106 Parish Churches besides several Chappels of Ease and is traded unto by 9 Market Towns Derby Derby well seated on the Derwent over which it hath a goodly Stone-bridge a Town of good Antiquity and is at present a very large populous well frequented and rich Borough Town numbring 5 Parish Churches of which All-Saints which is the chief is a curious structure and beautified within with several Monuments It is a Borough Town electing Parliament men is honoured with the Title of an Earldom enjoyeth ample Immunities is governed by a Major 9 Aldermen 14 Brethren 14 Common-Council a Recorder Town-Clerk c. is well traded unto especially for Barley which they make into Mault which finds good vent and its Market which is on Fridays is very considerable for Cattle Corn and all sorts of Provisions besides a small Market on Wednesdays and Saturdays Here is lately built a fair Hall of Free-stone aâ— the Counties charge where the Assizes are constantly kept Chesterfield Chesterfield pleasantly seated between two small Rivers and in a good Soil a Borough Town of great antiquity is dignified with an Earldom enjoyeth large Immunities is governed by a Major 6 Aldermen a Recorder 6 Brethren 1â— Counsellors c. and hath weekly two Markets on Tuesdays and Saturdays which are very considerable for Corn Lead and most Country Commodities Wicksworth seated in a Valley a pretty large and populous Town beautified with a fair Church Wicksworth hath a Free-School and Alms-houses and its Market on Tuesdays is well served with Provisions and Apples especially for Lead where the Merchants have their meetings for the Sale thereof Bakewill Bakewill seated amongst Hills and on the banks of the Wye an indifferent large Town and hath a good Market on Mondays for Lead and Provisions In the Peak Forest is a Well that obbâ— and flows 4 times in one hour keeping its exact Tides At Buxton out of a Rock in 24 foot compass 9 Springs arise of which 8 are warm and one cold and the Waters are found very good to bath in and for the Stomach And in this County is Eldenhole being a Cave worthy of note Devonshire described DEVONSHIRE of a sharp and healthful Air very hilly and generally of an ungrateful Soil without great pains and charges in manuring it yet is it not without many fertil Valleys and its sterility is recompenced by the rich Mines of Tin and Lead as also by the great plenty of Herrings Pilchers and other Fish taken on its Sen-Coast from which the Inhabitants reap good profit which with its Clothings Saerges and Bone-lace are the chief Commodities of the County The ancient Inhabitants were the Dannionii and was afterwards part of the Kingdom of the West-Saxons It is very well watered with fresh Streams as the Ex Tamar Tave Tawe Pline Dart Turridge Tinge Plime Culme and Ottery which are found very advantagious to the Inhabitants It is divided into 33 Hundreds in which are 394 Parishes and for the accommodation of its Inhabitants hath about 30 Market Towns Exeter a fair sweet and well compacted City of great Antiquity Exeter and no less pleasantly than commodiously seated on the top of an easie Ascent and on the Ex whence it took its name over which it hath a fair Stone-bridge 'T is a place of a good largeness containing within its Wall and Ditches about a mile and half in circuit in which and in its Suburbs which are large are numbred 15 Parish Churches besides its Cathedral or Minster founded by King Aethelstan a fair and beautiful structure It enjoyeth a considerable Trade being much inhabited and resorted unto by Merchants and Tradesmen having several Ships and Vessels belonging unto them and is in a flourishing condition enjoying ample Immunities sendeth Burgesses to Parliament is honoured with the Title of an Earldom is governed by a Major 24 Aldermen or Brethren a Recorder and other sub-Officers and hath two very considerable Markets weekly viz. on Wednesdays and Fridays for Provisions and Searges in great abundance Plymouth seated on the Plime and near the Tamer Plymouth at both their Influxes into the Sea which from a poor Fishing-Village is become a very fair large well inhabited and frequented Town resembling rather a City than a Town although it hath but two Parish Churches 't is a place of great importance by reason of its commodious Haven and excellent Port which doth occasion it to be so well resorted unto by most Ships both outward and inward bound and is of great strength as well by Nature as Art being defended by a strong Fort a Cittadel and other Fortifications It is a Borough and Town Corporate governed by a Major Aldermen and Common Council hath the election of Parliament men enjoyeth a great Trade for most Commodities and its Markets on Mondays and Thursdays are extraordinary well served with all sorts of Provisions as also have living Cattle Dertmouth seated on the Dent near its fall into the Sea Dertmouth where it hath a commodious Haven a large well inhabited frequented and traded Port-Town containing 3 Parish Churches and its Market on Fridays is very well served with Provisions 'T is an ancient Town Corporate is governed by a Major and his Brethren and amongst its Immunities sendeth Burgesses to Parliament Totnes seated on the Dert and on the descent of a Hill Totnes a Town of great antiquity and of greater account than now it is yet doth it retain several of its Immunities sendeth Burgesses to Parliament and is governed by a Major and his Brethren The Town is large and hath a very great Market on Saturdays for all live Cattle Corn Mault and Provisions both Flesh and Fish Ashburton seated in a rich Soil under the Moor a large Borough Town Ashburton composed of several Streets is beautified with a fair Church electeth Parliament men and hath a very good Market for Corn Cattle Sheep and Provisions on Saturdays Okehampton seated betwixt the River Okement and a branch thereof Okehampton a Borough Town which electeth Parliament men is governed by a Major Burgesses Recorder and sub-Officers and hath a very good Market for Corn Provisions and Yarn on Saturdays Bediford Bediford commodiously seated for the reception of Vessels on the Towridge over which it hath a large Stone-bridge of Arched-work consisting of 24 Peers 'T is a large well inhabited and traded Town and its Market on Tuesdays is well served with Corn and Provisions Barnstable Barnstable commodiously seated on the Tawe over which it hath a large Stone-bridge 'T is a fine Borough Town which electeth Parliament men is a place of some Trade and hath
Flesh Cattle and most Commodities Blandford a fair large and well compacted Town seated on the Stower Blandford over which it hath a Bridge which leadeth to St. Mary Blanford It is well inhabited enjoyeth a good Trade and the rather as being neighboured by so many Gentry and its Market on Saturdays is well provided with all things necessary but chiefly with Corn Sheep and Cattle Pool enclosed on all parts with the Sea except on the North Pool where it admits entrance only by one Gate A Town by reason of its commodious Haven from a small Village is become a very large Town Corporate governed by a Major and other sub-Officers electeth Parliament men and hath two Markets weekly on Mondays and Thursdays which are indifferent well served In the Haven contrary to all Ports in England the Sea ebbs and flows four times in 24 hours Worham Worham esteemed the ancientest Borough Town in the County seated between the Frome and the Biddle at their falling into Luckford Lake where it had a good Harbour for Ships and was a very considerable large place containing several Churches which are now reduced to 3 and its Haven being choaked up doth much eclipse its Trade It is a Town Corporate governed by a Major c. sendeth Burgesses to Parliament and hath an indifferent good Market on Saturdays Lulworth-Castle Lulworth Castle the Seat of Hum Weld Esquire esteemed one of the best Houses in the County as well for beauty and largeness as for a pleasant scituation and prospect into the Sea The Isle of Purbeck Purbeck Isle or rather the Peninsula so called hath veins of Marble running under the Earth It is about 10 miles in length and 5 in breadth in which tract are seated divers Towns amongst which is Corfe-Castle seated on a River and in a barren Soil between two Hills upon one of which standeth the Castle It is an ancient Borough Town governed by a Major and Barons enjoyeth ample Immunities electeth Parliament men and hath a small Market on Thursdays County of Durham described DVRHAM a Bishoprick and County Palatine of a sharp and piercing Air but through the plentifulness of Sea-Coal the Cold is not so offensive unto the Inhabitants It is of a different Soil the Eastern part being Champain the Southern most fertil and well inhabited and the Western hilly barren and thin of Woods and Towns but is recompenced by the store of Coals Lead and Iron-Mines The ancient Inhabitants known to Ptolomy were the Brigantes and in the time of the Saxons became part of the Kingdom of the Northumbers This County was formerly called St. Cuthberts Patrimony from one St. Cuthbert who was Canonieâ—d a Saint and was born in this County It is divided into 4 Wards viz. those of Chester Darweton Easington and Stockton in which are numbred 118 Parishes and is traded unto by fix Market Towns Durham Durham a City of good Antiquity dignified with the See of a Bishop and sends Burgesses to Parliament It is no less pleasantly than commodiously seated on an easie Ascent and almost encompassed by the River Weare over which it hath two large and spacious Stone-bridges which give entrance into it which with its Wall and spacious Castle make it to be a place of good strength This City is fair and neatly compacted containing 6 Parish Churches besides its Abby or Cathedral dedicated to St. Cuthbert a large structure with a lofty Tower in the midst and two Spires at the West-end adjoyning to which are the Houses for the Dean and Prebends It is beautified with fair Buildings hath well ordered Streets a spacious Market-place which is well resorted unto every Saturday is much inhabited and frequented by the Gentry of these parts enjoyeth a good Trade and its Shop-keepers are well furnished with Commodities Hartley-pool Hartley-pool commodiously seated on the Sea-shoar which encompasseth it except towards the West and surrounded with Rocks and Hills 'T is an ancient Town Corporate governed by a Major and sub-Officers is indifferent large but poor and its Market at present disused and were it not for its Harbour which is good it would be less frequented Bishops-Aukland Bishops-Aukland well seated on the side of a Hill and between the River Weare and the Rivulet Gaunless of chief note for its Castle which is the Bishops Palace for the Summer season now beautifully repaired It s Market is on Thursdays which is indifferently well provided with Corn and Provisions Darlington Darlington seated in a flat and on the Skerne which falleth into the Tees a Town of a good largeness consisting of several Streets hath a spacious Market-place and its Market on Mondays is very considerable and well furnished with Corn Cattle and all sorts of Provisions At Oxenhall near Darlington are 3 deep Pits called by the Inhabitants Hell-Kettles which are said to be made by an Earthquake Stocton Stocton seated on the Tees near its fall into the Sea a place of great trade for vending and exporting of Corn and Butter to London and other parts It is a Town Corporate governed by a Major and sub-Officers is well inhabited and by reason of its commodious Port it enjoyeth a good Trade County of Essex described ESSEX a County of a large extent and very populous is well watered with Rivers besides the Sea which sendeth forth several of her branches as the Stower Blackwater where those excellent Oysters called Walfleet are caught Crouch Ley c. The Soil may be esteemed fertil though in some places it is sandy and barren it is well clothed with Wood hath variety of Parks great plenty of Fish and Fowl nor is there any want of other Provisions And for its Commodities affordeth Cloths Stuffs Hops Butter Cheese Gunpowder Oysters and Saffron It is severed into Hundreds in which are seated 415 Parish Churches and for the conveniency of its Inhabitants hath 21 Market Towns Colchester Colchester a place of great antiquity said to be built by Collus the British Prince An. Dom. 124. and in former times of no less fame than largeness numbring 15 Parish Churches many of which are now reduced to ruin with abundance of its Houses It is no less pleasantly than commodiously seated on the Colne which after about six miles course loseth it self in the Sea It is governed by 2 Bailiffs 12 Aldermen who are clothed in Scarlet a Recorder with other sub-Officers it enjoyeth several Immunities sendeth Burgesses to Parliament hath a Market on Saturdays which is well served with Provisions and its Inhabitants many of which are Dutch and have their Church for divine Worship drive a good trade for Sayes Bares and other Draperies here made It is also of some note for the great quantities of excellent Oysters here taken This place gave birth to Lucius Helena and Constantine the first Christian King Empress and Emperour in the World Harwich Harwich a Haven Sea-port and Borough Town which electeth
Parliament men is of great great strength as well by nature as art The Town is not large but is well inhabited and frequented by those that have relation to Sea-Affairs and the rather by reason of its safe and commodious Haven harbour for Ships and Vessels to Anchor in it being oft-times the station of the Navy Royal which and for being the ready passage to Holland where the Packet-boats are kept for that purpose doth occasion it to enjoy a good Trade yet its Market on Tuesdays is not very considerable About 4 miles Northwards from Harwich is Horsey Isle and about 2 miles further is the Ness a Promontory well known to Sea-men Maldon Maldon a Town of great antiquity and repute in the time of the Romans as Cambden noteth and was the Seat of Cunobelin King of the Trinobantes It is well seated on an Arm of the Sea about 6 or 7 miles from the Main before which lie small Isles called Northey and Osey the Town is large having one Street about a mile in length is well inhabited enjoyeth a good trade occasioned by reason of the commodiousness of its Haven amongst its Immunities electeth Parliament men is governed by 2 Bailiffs 6 Aldermen 18 Brethren a Recorder High-Steward c. and hath a very considerable Market on Saturdays for Flesh Fish Fowl and other Provisions Walden Walden or Saffron-Walden seated on an Ascent amongst pleasant Fields of Saffron a large fair well inhabited and frequented Town Corporate enjoying several Immunities is governed by a Treasurer 2 Chamberlains and the Commonalty and hath a very considerable Market on Saturdays for Corn and all forts of Provisions Near unto this Town is that stately House Audley-end Audley-end built by the Right Honourable Tho. Howard Earl of Suffolk then Lord High Treasurer of England which said House now belongeth to his Majesty Chelmesford Chelmesford seated in the Road and between two Rivers over which are Bridges for conveniency of passage It is a fair large and well frequented Town where the Assizes are usually kept and hath a very great Market for Corn Provisions c. on Fridays Raleigh Raleigh a place of great antiquity though not of largeness and its Market which is on Saturdays is but small Not far from this Town are the Isles of Wallop and Fowlness that is the Promontory of Fowls which hath a Church in it Also Canvey Isle of a rich Soil and feedeth good store of Sheep Brentwood Brentwood seated on a Hill and on the high Road a place of good Antiquity is well inhabited and its Market on Thursdays is well served with Provisions Rumford Rumford a large thoroughfare well frequented and inhabited Town seated in the Liberty of Haverill which enjoyeth large Immunities being an ancient retiring place of the Kings This Town of Rumford is of note for its great Market on Tuesdays for living Cattle but for Corn and Provisions which it is plentifully served with it hath a Market on Wednesdays Waltham Waltham or Waltham-Abby seated on the River Leg where it formeth several Eights or small Isles and in a large Forest so called well stored with Deer and other Game It is a Town of some note and hath a Market on Tuesdays Gloucestershire described GLOVCESTERSHIRE a County of a healthful Air and fertil Soil both for Corn and Pasturage yielding plenty of Corn and feeding abundance of Cattle and great flocks of Sheep especially about Coteswold whose Wool is much esteemed for its fineness The part lying Eastwards called Coteswold riseth up with Hills and is for grazing the middle part which is watered with the Severne lieth low and maketh a most fertil Plain and the Western part beyond the Severne is overspread with Wood and called Dean Forest which affordeth excellent Timber Trees for the building of Ships and great store of Coal and Iron-Mines where there are divers Furnaces and Forges for working the same This Forest is of a large extent being about 20 miles in length and 10 in breadth within which tract of ground are numbred 3 Hundreds 23 Parish Churches 1 Castle 1 Abby 3 Market Towns and 1 Major Town and the Common thereof besides the Purlieus and Abby-woods is said to contain 32000 Acres of Ground The chief Commodities that this County produceth are Corn Wool Cloth Iron Steel Wool and Timber also Fruits here had in such great plenty that the Highways and Lanes are beset with Apple Pear and Plumb-trees which grow naturally without ingrafting It is well watered with Rivers amongst which are the Isis Strowd Churne Avon Wye and Severne which for broadness of Channel swiftness of Stream and plenty of Salmon and other excellent Fish comes little short of any River in England The ancient Inhabitants were the Dobuni and in the time of the Saxons it became part of the Kingdom of the Mercians This County is divided into 30 Hundreds in which are numbred 280 Parish Churches and is traded unto by 25 Market-Towns Bristol Bristol seated between the Avon and the Froom which after a small course fall into the Severne the Avon dividing it into two parts as the Thames doth London and Southwark and are so joyned by a fair Stone-bridge on which are also stately Houses The greatest part of this City is in this County and the least in Somersetshire but it will owe subjection to neither being an entire County incorporate of it self enjoying large Immunities sendeth Burgesses to Parliament is governed by its peculiar Magistrates as a Major Court of Aldermen 2 Sheriffs and other sub-Officers and is dignified with the See of a Bishop and the title of an Earldom now invested in the person of the Right Honourable George Digby Earl of Bristol c. It is a City of a sweet and delightful scituation and of far more beauty than antiquity being adorned with many fair and well built Edifices and its Streets so neatly ordered by reason of the Avon that runneth through it together with the common Sinks and Sewers under ground that no filth is to be seen to annoy its Inhabitants It is a City of a large extent numbring 18 Parish Churches besides its Cathedral a fair structure It is begirt with a Wall and further defended with Fortifications its Port is good and commodious for Ships of a considerable burthen which doth occasion it to be a place of a very considerable Trade and to be well inhabited and frequented by Merchants and Tradesmen insomuch that next after London it may justly claim priority of all others in England and for the accommodation of its Inhabitants besides its Shambles its Markets on Wednesdays and Saturdays are plentifully served with all sorts of Provisions It is of note for its Bristol-Stones taken out of St. Vincents-Rock near adjoyning Gloucester Gloucester a City of good antiquity and pleasantly seated on an easie Ascent and on the banks of the Severne over which it hath a fair Stone-bridge 'T is a City not
Lea hath a Market on Tuesdays which is well provided with Commodities a place well known to many for its great Bed Stratford Stratford or Bishops-Stratford seated on the side of a Hill a very large fair and well inhabited and frequented Market Town full of Inns for the giving entertainment to Strangers and its Market on Thursdays is very well resorted unto and provided with Provisions and most Country Commodities Here are the ruins of a Castle raised on an artificial Mount within which is a deep and dark Dungeon called the Convicts Prison by which it may be supposed that some great Priviledges did belong unto it Baldock Baldock a considerable large Town seated between the Hills in a Chalky Soil fit for Corn of chief note for its many Maulsters yet its Market on Thursdays is but small Royston a famous Market Town Royston which is kept on Wednesdays for Corn and Mault here made being seated in a fat Soil and between Hills in a bottom The Town is large well inhabited and full of Inns part being in this County and part in Cambridgeshire Herefordshire described HEREFORDSHIRE a County every where exceeding fertil having great plenty of Grains and rich Pastures which feed store of Cattle especially Sheep whose Wool is much esteemed for its finess and for Wheat Wool and Water it yieldeth to no County in England It is well clothed with Wood and watered with Rivers the chief amongst which are the Wye Munow Wades Doive Lugg Froom c. All Fruits here grow in great plenty and of their Apples they make such abundance of Sider that besides what they use themselves it being their general drink of late years it is become a considerable Commodity especially that which is called Red-streak It s ancient Inhabitants were the Silures a stout and warlike People who sorely perplexed the Romans for 9 years space through the valour and noble exploits of their Commander Charactacus and became afterwards part of the Kingdom of the Mercians It is divided into 11 Hundreds in which are numbred 176 Parish Churches and hath Traffick with 8 Market Towns Hereford Hereford a City of great antiquity and raised out of the ancient Arconium now called Kenchester about 3 miles distant a place of good account in the time of the Romans and so continued until it was shaken to pieces by a violent Earthquake It is no less pleasantly than commodiously seated amongst delightful Meadows and rich Corn-fields and almost encompassed with Rivers to wit the Wye and two others over which are two Bridges It is of a large place beautified with good Buildings both publick and private amongst which are the Bishops Palace the Colledge the Cathedral the Prebends houses and Hospital and numbreth 6 Parish Churches two of which in the late Troubles were demolished besides its Cathedral to which belongeth a Bishop Dean Chancellor 6 Canons 27 Prebends with a Chanter Treasurer 12 Vicars Choral besides Deacons Queristers and other Attendants This City enjoyeth large Immunities sendeth Burgesses to Parliament is governed by a Major 6 Aldermen a Common Council Recorder and other sub-Officers and is very well served with Commodities having weekly 3 Markets on Wednesdays Fridays and Saturdays which are of considerable account that on Fridays for Cattle Sheep and Hogs and the other for Grain and all sorts of Provisions besides Gloves here made and sold in great quantities Near to this City is Gilden Vale so called from the fertility of the Soil and pleasant scituation Ross Ross seated in a fertil Soil on the banks of the Wye a fair Borough Town which hath a very great Market on Thursdays for Corn Cattle and Provisions being much resorted unto by the Inhabitants of Gloucestershire and Monmouthshire Lidbury Lidbury near adjoyning to Malvern Hills a fine well built Town seated in a rich Clayey-ground much inhabited by Clothiers who drive a good Trade and its Market on Tuesdays is well served with Corn Cattle and Provisions Lemster a large ancient and pleasant Town Lemster seated in a rich Soil and on the Lugg which runneth through it over which are several Bridges It is governed by a Bayliff a Recorder Justices of the Peace and 24 of the Chamber or Common Council it sendeth Burgesses to Parliament and hath a very good Market on Fridays for Corn Cattle Sheep Provisions Hops and Wool for which this Town is of note it being called Lemster-Ore Kyneton also seated on the Arrow a pretty large and well built Town Kyneton whose Inhabitants drive a good Trade for narrow Cloths It s Market on Wednesdays for Corn Cattle Provisions and several Country Commodities is esteemed the best in the County County of Huntington described HVNTINGTONSHIRE a County for the generality of a fertil Soil both for Corn and Tillage garnished with delightful Hills and towards the East where it joyneth on the Fens it hath rich Pasturage which feed store of Cattle It is well watered with Rivers the chief amongst which is the Ouse which divideth it self into several streams It is severed into 4 Hundreds in which are seated 79 Parish Churches and is traded unto by 5 Market Towns Huntington Huntington pleasantly seated on a rising Ascent and on the North-banks of the Owse over which it hath a fair Stone-bridge which leadeth to Godmanchester on the other side of the Owse a very large County and ancient Borough Town seated in a rich Soil and well inhabited by Yeomen and Farmers It is a Town of great antiquity was once very populous numbring no less than 15 Parish Churches which are now reduced to 4 and enjoyed great Immunities and had a Mint for Coynage At present it is dignified with the title of an Earldom sendeth Burgesses to Parliament is governed by a Major 12 Aldermen of which the Major is one and Burgesses is well inhabited and frequented and the rather as being a thorough-fate Town from London Cambridge and other Southern parts of England into the North and into Scotland and also for being the place where the Assizes are kept for the County and its Market on Saturdays is very well served with Provisions St. Ives St. Ives so called from one Ivo a Persian Bishop who 't is said about the year 600 travelled through England preaching the Gospel and here ended his days and his Body was from hence removed to Ramsey Abbey a fair large and ancient Town seated on the Owse over which it hath a very good Stone-bridge hath a Market on Mondays which is well served with Provisions and is of chief note for living Cattel St. Neots so called from Neotus St. Neots a Monk of Glastenbury a large and well built Town beautified with a neat Church is commodiously seated on the Owse over which it hath a fair Stone-bridge which leadeth to Bedfordshire It s Market is on Thursdays which is well served with Provisions and through the commodiousness of the Owse the Neighbouring Towns are
from hence furnished with Coals Ramsey Ramsey seated in the Fenny part amongst rich grounds both for Tillage and Pasturage and near the Meers of Ramsey and Whitlesey which with the Rivers that plentifully water it afford excellent Fish and wild Fowl in great plenty It is a good Country Town which was held in great esteem for its rich Abby so called and its Market on Wednesdays is well frequented County of Kent described KENT a County of a large extent and although very hilly for the generality is of a rich and fertil Soil both for Corn and Pasture and is well stored with Cattle Fish Fowl and Fruits The Air is temperate and good except in the Weald and Marshes which are Aguish It is well watered with Rivers many of which are Navigable as the Thames which washes its Northern parts the Medway which in a manner divideth the Shire in the midst and is the station for his Majesties Navy Royal which said River loseth it self under ground and riseth again near Cox-heath besides 10 others of considerable account which opening with several Creeks and Havens are found commodious for Ships to ride in of which four bear the name of Cinque Ports viz. Dover Sandwich Rumney and Hith and on the banks of these Rivers which are crossed by divers Bridges are seated several good Towns This County boasteth it self for being the first Kingdom of the Heptarchy of having a particular King to it self that it was never subdued but yielded upon Articles to the Normans and to keep their ancient Customs That their Kings and Commons amongst all the Saxons were the first Christians This County is enriched with two Cities and Episcopal Sees is strengthned with several Castles is graced with 4 of the Kings Palaces beautified with many splendid Buildings well replenished with Gentry sufficiently stored with safe Roads and secure Harbours for Ships plentifully garnished with good Towns is a place of a considerable Trade affording Corn and other Grains Cloth and several Draperies Fullers-Earth Madder Flax Iron Wood Fruits both Apples and Cherries in great plenty and by reason of its vicinity to France is well known and frequented by Strangers As to its division it hath 14 Bailywicks 17 Franchises and Liberties which have Courts of Record to hold plâ—a of all Actions real personal and mixt and 14 Corporations For the names of all which see the Volume of Britannia pag. 122. lately published by me It is severed into 5 Laths and 64 Hundreds in which said Hundreds are numbred 400 and odd Parishes and hath intercourse of Traffick with 28 Market Towns Lath of Sutton with its chief places The Lath of Sutton or SVTTON at Hone is severed into 8 Hundreds hath two divisions of Justices of the Peace and for its chief places hath Sevenoke Sevenoke a Town of good resort so called from its Founder Will. Sevenoke Lord Major of London Anno 1418. who erected a Free School and an Hospital hath a Market on Saturdays which is well served with Corn and Previsions Dartford Dartford seated on the Darent not far from its influx into the Thames and on the high Road from London to Canterbury 't is a good large Town full of Inns and Houses of Entertainment and hath a Market on Saturdays which is well stored with Corn and Provisions and is much frequented by Corn-Chandlers and Meal-men Greenwich Greenwich a large well built and very pleasant Town seated on the Bank of the Thames being much inhabited and frequented by Gentry and enobled with a once stately Palace of the Kings out of the Ruins of which is now erecting a curious Pile of Buildings and adjoyning to this Palace is a small but pleasant Park which affords a delectable prospect And here it was that Queen Elizabeth with divers other Princes were born Adjoyning to Greenwich is Black-heath a place of note in former times for Military Affairs and it is supposed that here might be dug excellent Sea-Coals but is not encouraged for fear of hindring the Newcastle-Trade Eltham seated on the South-side of Shooters-Hill amongst Woods Eltham a well built Town neatly scituated well inhabited by Gentry and was once honoured with a Palace of his Majesty said to be built by Anthony Beck Patriarch of Jerusalem who gave it to Queen Eliantor wife to King Edward the First Aylesford Lath described The Lath of AYLESFORD is of a large extent reaching from North to South is serveed into 15 Hundreds is divided into 3 divisions of the Justices of the Peace and hath for its chief places Rochester an ancient City and once larger than now it is Rochester being at present but small having but one principal Street which is of a good length and for the most part inhabited by Tradesmen and Inn-keepers and graced with well built Houses besides its Cathedral built by Ethelbert King of Kent dedicated to St. Andrew a fair structure to which belongeth a Deanary and 6 Prehendaries It is a City no less pleasantly than commodiously seated on the banks of the Medway over which it hath a stately Stone-bridge sustained by divers Arches which leadeth unto Stroud a good fair and well inhabited thorough-fare Town from London to Canterbury as is Rochester This City enjoyeth several Immunities is dignified with the Title of an Earldom governed by a Major Court of Aldermen with other sub-Officers hath the election of Parliament men is well resorted unto and its Market on Friday is well served with Provisions Adjoyning to this City is Chetham also seated on the banks of the Medway a long thorough-fare Town which is chiefly inhabited by Sea-men and those that have alliance thereunto and the more as being the station of the Navy-Royal and where there is a stately Dock for the building and equipping of his Majesties Ships Graves-end Graves-end seated on the banks of the Thames a place of great resort as being the common Landing-place for Strangers and Sea-men in their passages to London as likewise the accustomary place for the taking of Shipping and the ready Road to France which doth occasion it to be well furnished with Inns Taverns and Houses of entertainment and its Market on Wednesdays and Saturdays to be well provided with Victuals yet all things here want for no price And here is seated one of the Block-houses the other being opposite unto it in the County of Essex which said Blockhouses are for the securing the passage of the Thames up to London Maidstone Maidstone seated on the Medway over which it hath a fair Bridge which with the branch it sendeth forth severeth the Town It is a large fair sweet populous and well built and frequented Borough Town which electeth Parliament men enjoyeth several Priviledges and as the Shire-Town here is one of the Prisons for the County and where they keep their Sessions and Assizes It s Market is on Thursdays which is very considerable and well provided with Corn and all sorts
Parish Churches and is traded unto by 12 Market Towns Leicester delightfully seated in a healthful Air rich Soil Leicester and on the Banks of the Stour over which it hath two Bridges It is a place of more antiquity than beauty being said to be built by King Leir and called Caer-Lerion wherein Authors say he placed a High-Priest to serve in the Temple of Janus which he caused to be built and wherein he was buried This Town was also had in great request in the time of the Romans also Ethelred King of the Mercians erected here an Episcopal See which he soon translated elsewhere to its great impoverishment but the noble Lady Edelfled not only repaired it but also encompassed it with a strong Wall and much added to its Riches so that it soon became a place of a great Trade which glory and riches it lost by the Spoils it sustained by Rob. Bossu the Crouch-back Earl of this Shire As to its present state it is a Borough and Town Corporate governed by a Major Aldermen and sub-Officers is dignified with the title of an Earldom is well inhabited hath indifferent good Buildings sendeth two Representatives to Parliament containeth 3 Parish Churches and its Market on Saturdays is well served with Corn Provisions and Country commodities From this Town Crouch-back Richard set forth with great strength and pomp to Redmore near Bosworth where on the 22 of August 1485 in a bloody Battle there fought for the deciding the differences betwixt the Houses of York and Lancaster he was slain yielding both himself and the victory to Henry of Richmond who was proclaimed King in the field and the next day the body of the said Richard was disgracefully brought back torn and naked and as meanly buried in the Gray-Friars of Leicester in a Stone-chest which now is made use of in an Inn for a Drinking-trough for Horses Loughborough Loughborough delightfully seated on the banks of the Sour over which it hath a Bridge amongst fertil Meadows and near Charwood Forrest It is a handsom Town beautified with fair Buildings and a large Church and hath a very considerable Market for Corn Cattle Sheep and Provisions on Thursdays Melton-Mowbray Melton-Mowbray well seated in a fertil Soil and on the banks of the Eye which almost encircleth it over which are two fair Stone-bridges It is an indifferent large and well built Town and hath a very considerable Market on Tuesdays for Corn Cattle Hogs Sheep Provisions c. Lutterworth Lutterworth seated on the Swift and in a good Soil an indifferent Country Town beautified with a large and fair Church which hath a lofty spired Steeple and its Market on Thursdays is well served with Corn and Country commodities Near this Town is a Spring so cold that in a short time it turns Straws and small Sticks into Stone LINCOLNSHIRE County of Lincoln described a County of a large extent and doth divide its form bounds and division into Hundreds The Soil is of a different temperature the Western and Northern parts being very pleasant and grateful to the Husbandman both for Corn and rich Pastures which feed great store of Cattle and the Eastern and Southern parts are fenny barren and unfit for Corn but in recompence hath great plenty of Fish and Fowl The Air upon the South and East parts is thick and foggy occasioned through the Fenny grounds but the other parts good and healthful It is well watered with Rivers as the Humber Trent Idell Dane Wash Witham Welland c. which lose themselves in the Sea The chief Commodities that this County produceth are Corn Cattle Fish Fowl Flax Wool Alablaster c. This County is severed into 3 principal Divisions or Parts viz Lindsey Holland and Kesteven which are divided into 30 Hundreds in which are numbred 631 Parish Churches and is traded unto by 31 Market Towns Lincoln Lincoln a City of great antiquity and hath been far more magnificent and spacious than now it is whose ruinous places doth witness the same being said to have had 50 Churches which now are reduced to 15 besides its Cathedral or Minster said to be one of the finest loftiest and stateliest structures in England This City in the time of the Britains was of great strength and fame containing 1070 Mansions and 900 Burgesses with 12 Lage-men having Sac and Soc and in the time of the Normans it was esteemed one of the best peopled Cities in the Isle and enjoyed a great Trade both by Sea and Land insomuch that King Edward the Third ordained here his Staple for the Mart of Wools Leather and Lead But it s pristine glory has been much eclipsed by the several shocks of ill Fortune it hath met with nevertheless it is a place well inhabited and frequented enjoyeth a good Trade and its Markets on Fridays is well served with Provisions and its Shops furnished with Commodities It is pleasantly seated on the side of a Hill and on the River Witham which divideth it self into several streams and waters in the lower part of the City over which are divers Bridges for the accommodation of the Inhabitants in their passage to and sro It is dignified with an Episcopai See where the Bishop hath his Palace and whose Diocess is the greatest of any in England numbring within its Jurisdiction 1255 Parishes of which 577 are Impropriations The civil Government of this City is committed to the care of a Major 2 Sheriffs 12 Aldermen who are clothed in Scarlet besides a Recorder Town Clerk 4 Chamberlains a Sword-bearer 4 Serjeants at Mace c. It enjoyeth ample Immunities sendeth two Representatives to Parliament and is a County within it self whose Liberties extends about 20 miles in compass and is called the County and City of Lincoln The Isle of Axholme made so by the Rivers Trent Dun Idel Isle of Axholms and others It is a large tract of ground in which are seated several Towns the flat and lower part of the Isle towards the Rivers is Moorish and yieldeth a sweet Shrub called by the Inhabitants Gall. In this part have been great and tall Fir-trees digged up And the middle part which is a rising ground is fertil and produceth great store of Flax. Barton seated on the Humber Barton where there is a considerable Ferry into Yorkshire which doth much advantage the Town which is large and stragling yet hath but an indifferent Market on Saturdays Grimsby Magna seated near the Humber or rather the Sea Grimsby Magna and in a flat and Marshy rich ground This Town was formerly very large having two Parish Churches enjoyed a good Trade but its Harbour which was then commodious being choaked up hath much eclipsed its trade and grandure having now but one Church which for largeness giveth place to few Cathedrals Here was formerly a Castle an Abby a Nunnery 2 Priories and 2 Chantries which time hath reduced to ruins and in their places are erected Houses It
inhabited by Gentry and Persons of Honour as are Hampsted Highgate Hornsey Tottenham-Highcross Muswel-Hill Edmonton c. Towns near adjacent to London London London the epitomy and glory of the Kingdom was the Seat of the British Empire as now the Royal-Chamber of our Kings a City of great antiquity said to be built by Brute the Trojan but all agree it was re-edified by King Lud in Anno Mundi 5131 who called it Luddestown It is seated in a healthful Air and no less pleasantly than commodiously on the banks of the Thames which severeth it into two but unequal parts which are joyned together by a stately Stone-bridge so covered with Houses that it seemeth rather a Street than a Bridge This City is begirt with a Wall first built by Constantine the Great at the suit of his Mother Helena and hath for entrance 7 principal Gates but now as contemning bondage it hath enlarged it self on all sides with spacious Suburbs insomuch that she hath joyned her self to the City of Westminster which name is now swallowed up all passing under the general name of London The City of Westminster according to Mr. Norden in his description of Middlesex was in time past called Thorney or Dorney and was an Isle encompassed with the Thames which divided it self and one branch passed between Chairin-Cross and Kingstreet through St. James's including Tut-hill which said Isle was so called as being overgrown with Briars and Thorns but in the time of King Lucius it is said to be cleansed and the foundation of the great Temple of St. Peters was laid which was raised out of the ruins of a former delicated to Apollo where the Trinobantes or Troinovantes did sacrifice Bulls Bullocks Stags and such like Beasts to Diana Tauropolia whom the Gentiles called the Queen of Heaven This City or part of London is the noblest though not the longest being taken up by the King the Nobility Gentry and such as have their dependancy on the Court or Law being sufficiently graced with fair and beautiful Edifices as 1. The Palaces of his Majesty Whitehall and St. James's to which is joyned a small but delightful Park wherein is a Pall-Mall said to be the best in Christendom 2. The Courts of Judicature and Houses of Parliament now all known by the general name of Westminster-hall and was anciently the Palace of the Kings of England 3. It s Collegiate-Church of Westminster which was formerly the Temple of St. Peter and now renowned for its Chapel built by King Henry the Seventh being beautified with the Tombs of the Kings and Queens and many of the Nobility of England nor is it less famous for the Inauguration of our Kings and Queens 4. The Palace of her Majesty Somerset-house and 5. The Houses of the Nobility And thus much for the City of Westminster The Eastern part or Suburbs of London beyond the Tower is taken up by those that have relation to the Sea and the whole City thus taken is now of a great extent being in length from Black-wall in the East to Tuttle-fields in the West about six miles in breadth 1 2 and in some places 3 miles and is said to make in circuit about 14 or 15 miles in which extent are numbred about 500 Streets and Lanes and contains according to computation about 75000 Houses and by the great number of Houses the Inhabitants may be guest at which without doubt are very numerous and if we consider its great Trade and Commerce with other Nations its Riches Jurisdiction bounds and populousness its good Government the ingenuity of its Inhabitants in Letters Arts and Manufactures c. it may deservedly be numbred with any City of the highest rank in the World The Buildings of note belonging to this City are its Inns of Court and Chancery Guildhall a stately Structure where the Courts of Judicature are held and where the Lord Major Aldermen and Common Council meet for the negotiating the Affairs of the City The Royal Exchange built quadrangular now said to be the best in the known World The Tower a place or large extent well furnished with a Magazin or Arsenal of warlike Munition both for Sea and Land-service and doth contain according to observation a Kings Palace a Prison an Armory a Mint a Wardrobe and an Artillery each having their peculiar Officers and for Buildings resembleth a Town having a Parochial Church exempted from the Jurisdiction of the Archbishop Gresham Colledge given to the City by Sir Tho. Gresham with the allowance of liberal Salaries to professors of several Arts and Sciences to read Lectures for the advancement of Learning amongst the Citizens The Colledge of Heralds called the Heralds Office where the Records for the Arms Descents and Pedigrees of the Nobility and Gentry are kept Doctors Commons which is taken up by the Civilians The Colledge of Physitians The Halls of the several Incorporated Companies The Houses of Correction amongst which that of most note is Bridewell a large Building The Hospitals viz. St. Bartholomews Christ-Church and the Charter-house or Suttons Hospital being the noblest Hospital in the Kingdom in which are well maintained 80 Old men and 40 Boys The Sessions House for the trial of Malefactors and lastly its Churches and Free Schools This City within the Walls and Freedom is divided into 26 Wards and the Government thereof committed to the care of so many Aldermen each having the overseeing of his several Ward and besides these Aldermen there are 2 Shoriffs which are yearly chosen as also a Lord Major who is the principal Magistrate To the making a compleat City there are several principal parts or helps required for the supportation thereof and without which it cannot well stand to wit Husbandry and Artificers for the providing Food and Rayment for its Inhabitants Arms and Ammunition for its defence the Priesthood for Divine worship Judges Councellors c. for the administration of Justice and Traffick for the bringing in of Riches In all which this City in a liberal measure is blest with County of Monmouth MONMOVTHSHIRE This County formerly part of Wales is blest with a healthful Air and although very hilly and woody yet is exceeding fertil especially the Eastern parts which are not so hilly as the Western the Hills feeding abundance of Cattle and Sheep and the Valleys bearing great crops of Corn and Grass and the rather for its being watered with so many fresh Streams the chief of which are the Vske Wye Munow Ebunith Scoway and the Rumney which fall into the Severn Sea It is divided into Hundreds in which Tract are seated 127 Parish Churches and is traded unto by 7 Market Towns Monmouth Monmouth no less pleasantly than commodiously seated on the banks of the Wye and Munow which doth almost encircle it over each of which is a Bridge In the midst of the Town near the Market-place standeth a once stately but now ruinous Castle It is a fair large well built and inhabited
sometime defended against a certain Soldan or Heathenish Prince Through the Picts Wall runneth the Tyne which watereth two Dales each having their Hills so boggy with standing Water on the top that no Horse-man is able to ride through them and yet in many places are great heaps of Stones called Laws supposed to be cast up in memory of some persons there slain The chief places are Newcastle Newcastle scituate on an Eminence and on the North banks of the Tyne over which it hath a fair Bridge This Town before the Conquest was called Monk-chester as being in the possession of Monks which name was changed to Newcastle by Robert Son to William the Conquerour from a Castle there built by him It is a Town and County of it self being incorporated and governed by a Major 12 Aldermen a Recorder and other sub-Officers and amongst its Immunities sends its Representatives to Parliament 't is a place of good largeness numbring 4 Parish Churches besides one in Gates-head it is beautified with good Buildings and by reason of its deep and secure Haven is much inhabited and frequented by Merchants and Tradesmen having several Vessels belonging to the Town but is of chief note for its Coal trade It is a place of great strength for besides its Castle now something ruinous it is begirt with a strong Wall on which are many Turrets and hath for entrance 7 Gates Here are weekly two Markets on Tuesdays and Saturdays which are both very considerable for all sorts of Provisions Morpeth Morpeth scituate on the Wensbeck a very fine incorporated Town governed by 2 Bailiffs and sendeth Burgesses to Parliament It is strengthned with a Castle and hath a Market on Wednesdays which is esteemed the best in the County for Corn Cattle and Provisions Barwick Barwick commodiously seated betwixt England and Scotland but on the North or Scotish side of the Tweed over which it hath a stately Bridge sustained by 14 or 15 Arches being a Town and County of it self It is a Place of great strength as well by Nature as Art being almost encompassed with the Sea and the Tweed and strongly fenced about with Walls a Castle and other Fortifications as being a place of such great importance to England It is a Town Corporate governed by a Major Bailiffs and Burgesses and hath the election of Parliament men It is large and populous its Houses well built enjoyeth a good Trade especially for Salmon and Corn and its Market on Saturdays is very considerable Along the Coast of this County are the Isles of Cockes Fern and Holy Isle which are small Isles of a barren and ungrateful Soil and but thinly inhabited NOTTINGHAM a County blest with a wholsom Air County of Nottingham its Soil is different the South-east part which is watered with the Trent and other fresh Streams is most fertil and apt for Corn and Grass and is called the Clay part and the Western part wherein is the Forest of Shirwood a large tract of ground which is well clothed with Wood and provided with Game and this part from the temperature of the Earth is called the Sandy part This County produceth a Stone softer than Alablaster but being burnt maketh a Plaister harder than that of Paris with which they floor their upper Rooms The form of this Shire is oval doubling in length twice its breadth It is severed into 8 Hundreds or Wapontacks in which are numbred 168 Parish Churches and hath intercourse of traffick with 9 Market Towns Nottingham commodiously feated on an Eminence and on the banks of the Leane Nottingham which at a small distance loseth it self in the Trent over each of which Rivers there is a fair Stone-bridge besides two others over two Ponds called the Cheney Bridges It is a large Town numbring 3 Parish Churches is replenished with well built Houses its Streets are fair and graced with a spacious Market-place on the West side of the Town is the Castle which before its defacement in the late Wars was a place of great strength and importance It is a Town of good antiquity and amongst its places of remark here are many strange Vaults hewed out of the Rocks especially under the Castle which are descended by divers steps and have their several Rooms and Stairs artificially made also in the Hill are Houses with Rooms Chimneys winding Stairs and Windows wrought out of the solid Rock This Town enjoys several Immunities electeth Burgesses for Parliament is governed by a Major 6 Aldermen 2 Sheriffs a Town Clerk and other sub-Officers it enjoyeth a good Trade is well inhabited and frequented and hath weekly 3 Markets viz. on Wednesdays Fridays and Saturdays which is very considerable for Cattle Corn and Provisions Newark scituate on the high Road to York and on the Trent Newark over which it hath a Bridge It is a good large Town Corporate governed by an Alderman and 12 Assistants is well inhabited enjoyeth a good Trade and hath a considerable Marker for Corn Cattle and Provisions on Wednesdays Mansfield scituate in the Forest of Sherwood a well inhabited Mansfield well built and large Town enjoying a good Trade for Mault and hath a very considerable Market for Corn Cattle Mault Swine and Provisions on Thursdays Redford scituate on the River Idel an ancient Town Corporate Redford which electeth Burgesses to Parliament is governed by 2 Bailiffs 6 Aldermen and a Steward and hath a great Market for Corn and Provisions on Saturdays The County of OXFORD is blest with a delectable Air County of Oxford described which doth occasion it to be much inhabited by Gentry and the rather as being of a fertil Soil for Corn and Fruits well stored with Cattle and interlaced with pleasant Hills wherein and in the Downs are found variety of Game It is well watered with Rivers as the Owse or Isis the Tame Cherwel Windrush and Ebenlode It is divided into 14 Hundreds in which tract is seated 280 Parish Churches and is traded unto by 12 Market Towns and graced with a beautiful and stately City Oxford the Seat of the Muses exceeding all Universities in the World Oxford except her Sister Cambridge It is a place of great antiquity said to be consecrated unto Learning in the time of the Old Britains and was much cherished and countenanced by King Elfred who sent thither his Son Ethelward on purpose to invite the young Nobles to study the Arts and Sciences It is a City commodiously seated both for pleasure and profit between the Isis and the Charwel which encompasseth three parts of the City over which for the convenience of passage it hath several Bridges The City is large numbring 14 Parish Churches besides its Cathedral a large Structure and is at present a fair and stately City adorned with well-built Houses and beautified with divers curious Structures as the Kings Palace now the Mannor House the 16 Colledges 8 Halls the Schools wherein is a stately Library
and its Markets on Wednesdays and Saturdays are very great and well provided with Corn Flesh Fish and Fowl It was formerly a Major Town but at present a Bailiwick Bridgwater seated on a navigable River Bridgwater over which it hath a fine Stone-bridge It is a large well frequented and inhabited Borough Town hath the election of Parliament men is governed by a Major and other sub-Officers was formerly a place of good account having a Castle and an Abby It s Market is on Thursdays which is well served with Corn and Provisions and in the Summer season with Cattle Mynehead seated on the Sea-shoar a Borough Town Mynehead electing Parliament men hath a very good harbour for Ships of a considerable burthen to ride in and is a place of some Trade especially into Ireland yet its Market is but small County of Stafford The County of STAFFORD seated much about the midst of England of a healthful Air and different Soil the Southern parts being generally barren as sandy gravelly or heathy except on the banks of the Rivers yet by the Husbandmans pains in manuring it it beareth good Corn and the Northern parts are hilly and full of grat Heaths and Moors and is made use of for seeding of Cattle And although an Inland County yet by reason of the many Rivers and Brooks it is plentifully furnished with excellent Fish To speak of the Country in general there are more Heaths Moors and wast Ground than in any County in England as to its bigness insomuch that you may go the whole length of the County and see little but Heaths and Moors but these are not without profit as breeding store of Sheep Conies and Deer as well as pleasure for the Gentleman both for the Hawk Gun and Hound and for Parks and Warrens few Counties doth exceed it The Commodities that this Shire affordeth to others are Cattle Sheep Horses Butter Cheese Wool Bacon Iron Iron-ware chiefly Nails Alablaster c. The number of Parishes are 130 and hath 18 Market Towns many of which are of considerable account Litchfield Litchfield a City and County of it self seated in a pleasant Champain Country divided from the Cathedral and Close but joyned together by two Bridges and Cawseys It is a City of great antiquity formerly called Licidfeld that is the Field of dead Bodies which name it had from the great number of Christians there slain in the Dioclesian Persecution and here Oswin King of the Northumbers having vanquished the Pagan Mercians erected a Church and made it the Episcopal See of Duina the Bishop which afterwards was made an Archiepiscopal Pale by Pope Hadrian in the Reign of King Offa which dignity expired with his life This City is well built is indifferent large containing 3 Parish Churches besides its Cathedral a beautiful and curious Structure adjoyning to which is the Bishops Palace and the Prebends-houses the Streets are payed and well ordered and is a place much frequented by Gentry It is governed by 2 Bailiffs a Sheriff which are elected out of 24 Burgesses a Recorder Town Clerk with sub-Officers and amongst its Immunities sends Burgesses to Parliament Its Markets are on Tuesdays and Fridays which are plentifully served with Corn and Provisions Stafford Stafford well seated on the River Sowe amongst rich Meadows a fair Town indifferent large containing 2 Parish Churches hath a Free School and a fine square Market-place in which the Shire-Hall is kept for the Assigâ—â— and Sessions of the County the Streets are paved and well ordered and its Houses well built it is governed by a Major and Burgesses hath a Recorder Town Clerk and 2 Serjeants at Mace The Town enjoys large Immunities sends Burgesses to Parliament is well inhabited and frequented and its Markets which is on Saturdays is well served with Corn Flesh and other Provisions New-Castle under Line New-Castle seated on a little Rivulet a large Town Corporate governed by a Major Bailiffs and Burgesses hath a Court of Record to hold plea in all Personal Actions under 40 l. and amongst its Immunities sends Burgesses to Parliament It hath a great Market on Mondays for Cattle some Horses and Sheep with plenty of Provisions and after Low-Monday a Market or rather a Fair every Fortnight for some time Vttoxater uttoxater pleasantly seated near the Banks of the Dove amongst excellent Pasturage The Town is not very well built but pretty large hath a well built Market-place and its Market which is on Wednesdays is said to be one of the greatest in these parts of England for Cattle Sheep Swine Butter Cheese Corn and all Provisions Tamworth Tamworth seated on the Banks of the Tame which divides the Town one part being in this County and the other in Warwickshire The Town at present is of good account though not of that splendor as in former times being incorporated governed by Bailiffs a high Steward under-Steward Recorder and other sub-Officers sends Burgesses to Parliament and hath a Market on Saturdays which is indifferent good for Corn and Provisions and in the Spring time for Cattle and Sheep Walsall Walsall seated on the top of a Hill a well-built Town Corporate governed by a Major and other sub-Officers hath a Court of Record enjoyeth a good Trade for divers Manufactures made of Iron as Nails Bridle-bits Stirrups Spurs and also Bellows here made in great plenty yet its Market which is on Tuesdays is not very great Wolverhampton pleasantly seated on a Hill Wolverhampton beautified with reasonable well built Houses and its Streets handsomly paved is much frequented by Gentry hath a neat Collegiate Church and its Market which is on Wednesdays is very considerable for Corn Cattle and Provisions being esteemed the second Market Town in the County County of Suffolk described SVFFOLK a County of a various Soil and consequently hath sundry growths and Manufactures the Eastern parts all along the Coasts and for 5 or 6 miles Inland are generally very bleak but healthy sandy full of small Hills and Springs and employed in Tillage for Rye Peas Brank Hemp and for Sheep-walks The more Inland part commonly called High-Suffolk or the Wood-lands is pretty level close and dirty and is made use of chiefly for Dayries driving a great trade for their Butter and Cheese and the parts about Bury are Champain and affordeth great store of grain of all sorts It is a County of a large extent is well stored with Parks watered with fresh Streams and blest with a most healthful and sweet Air which makes it to be so well inhabited by Gentry and is traded unto by 27 Market Towns and numbreth 575 Parish Churches Ipswich seated by the Banks of the Orwell Ipswich near the place where its fresh Water and salt meet which with the Tide gives it the conveniency of a Key 'T is a place of great antiquity and was once fenced about with a Wall or Rampier which was thrown down by the
hath a stately Market-house enjoyeth a good Trade chiefly for Mault and is the place where the Assizes and general Sessions for the County are kept It is governed by a Major 12 Brethren 24 Burgesses a Recorder with sub-Officers Amongst its Immunities electeth Parliament men and its Market which is on Saturdays is very great for Corn and Provisions Near unto this Town is Guy-Cliff most pleasantly seated amongst Groves and fresh Streams where Guy of Warwick is said to have built a Chapel and after he had left off his exploits here led an Hermetical life and was here interr'd Stratford Stratford seated on the Avon over which it hath a fair Stone-bridge sustained by 14 Arches It is a good large Town having for Divine worship two Churches is well inhabited enjoyeth a considerable Trade for Mault here made and hath a Market on Thursdays which is very well served with Corn and Provisions Bromicham Bromicham seated very dry on the side of a Hill it is a large and well built Town very populous much resorted unto and enjoyeth a very great trade for Iron and Steel Wares and Tools here made also for Saddles and Bridles which find good vent at London Ireland and other parts and its Market is on Thursdays which is very considerable for living Cattle Corn Mault and Provisions besides the Manufactures of the Town At Newenham-Regis is a Spring whose Water if drunk with Salt loosneth and if with Sugar bindeth the Body and is said to be very Sovereign against Vlcers Imposthumes and the Gout County of Westmoreland described The County of WESTMORELAND so called as lying amongst Moors and high Hills or Fells generally of a barren Soil and very Mountainous but not without many fruitful Valleys both for Tillage and Pasturage and is well watered with fresh Streams Here are several Meers and Lakes as Winder-Meer which is the greatest standing water in England Rydale-water Ester-water Gresmere-water Kent-Meer Vlles-water Brother-water Hawse-water and others This County is divided or severed into two Baronies viz. Kendale Barony which is divided into the Wards of Kendale and Lonsdale and the other Barony called the Barony of Westmoreland is divided into East-Ward and West-Ward and of these in order Kirby-Lonsdale Kirby-Lonsdale or the Church-Town in Lonsdale seated on the Lon over which it hath a large Stone-bridge and in a rich Vale. It is a large and well built Town beautified with a fair Church a well inhabited and frequented Town both to Church and Market esteemed the greatest in the County next to Kendale and its Market on Thursdays is well served with Provisions and traded unto for Cloth Kendale Kendale or Kirby-Kendale a very fair large well-built inhabited and frequented Borough and Market Town which for good Buildings largeness neatness and good Manufactures is the chief in the County It is a place of a considerable Trade the people much addicting themselves to Traffick not only in their old Manufacture of Cotton and course Woollen Cloth but of late in Druggets Serges Hats Worsted-Stockings c. to the much enriching the Town and adjacent parts It is most pleasantly seated in a Valley so called amongst Hills and on the River Can or Kent over which it hath two fair Stone-bridges besides one of Wood which leadeth to the Castle now ruinoâ—â— The Town is built in form of a Cross and is beautified with a fair and large Church sustained by five rows of Pillars with several Apartments near unto which is a Free-School well endowed and to this Church belongeth 12 Chapels of Ease As to the Government of this Town it is committed to the care of a Major 12 Aldermen 20 Common Council-men a Recorder Town Clerk and two Attorneys who attend their Sessions and Courts of Record Here are belonging to this Town 7 Companies viz. Mercers Shear-men Cordwainers Tanners Glovers Taylors and Pewterers each having their Hall or place of meeting and for the accommodation of its Inhabitants hath a very great Market for Corn living Cattle and Provisions on Saturdays Apleby Apleby of note for its scituation and antiquity being for the most part encircled with the River Eden but so slenderly peopled with idle Inhabitants and the Buildings so mean although of late much amended that were it not for the Assizes and Sessions here held it would be little better than a Village It is a very ancient Town Corporate governed by a Major and 12 Aldermen with sub-Officers enjoys large Immunities sends Burgesses to Parliament and is discharged from paying Toll in all places except London and York Here is an Hospital or Alms-house erected and liberally endowed by the Lady Clifford for the relief of 13 decaied Widows who are called the Mother and her 12 Sisters The Market is here kept on Saturdays which is well served with Corn and Provisions Kirby-Stevens Kirby-Stephens beautified with a fair Church seated near the Hills towards Yorkshire It is a good and well known Town which of late is much improved by the trade of making Stockings and hath a good Market on Fridays At Stainmore a great Hill is a Cross said to be erected upon a Peace concluded between William the Conquerour and Malcolme King of the Scots and that by the said Place each Kingdom should know their limits and on this Stone-Cross which is called Ree-Cross that is the Cross of Kings was engraven the Arms of the Kings on the South-side those of England Ree-Cross and on the North those of Scotland County of Wilts WILT-SHIRE an Inland County no less fertil than delightful It s Northern parts hath delectable Hills well clothed with Woods and watered with fresh Streams amongst which is the Isis which soon becometh the chief of the Kingdom It s Southern parts are more even and exceeding fertil in Corn and Grass feeding great flocks of Sheep and are also well watered with the Avon Willy and Alder and the midst of the County is plain and level bearing the name of Salisbury-Plain which is a large tract of ground which feedeth good flocks of Sheep In the midst of this County is a Dike called Wansdike which runneth many miles in length and is a place of some wonder being said to be made for the dividing the Kingdom of the Mercians from that of the West-Saxons this being the place where they fought for the enlargement of their Dominions And here it was that Ina the West-Saxon joyned Battle with Geolred the Mercian whence both of them quitted the Field with equal loss This County is divided into 29 Hundreds in which are seated 304 Parish Churches and hath for the accommodation of the Inhabitants 20 Market Towns Salisbury Salisbury a City of great antiquity being the Seat of the Romans It is commonly called New-Sarum as raised out of the Old which was seated on a great Eminence being designed for Strength and War yet honoured with an Episcopal See and a fair Cathedral This City of New Sarum is
its Buildings especially in its Suburbs which is severed from the City by a Wall which gives entrance by six Gates As touching the Trade of this Kingdom I shall include it under this City as being the chief place of Traffick The Commodities exported are the product of the Country already treated of and those imported are all sorts of English Commodities especially Apparel Silks Stuffs c. also Wines Oils and several other Commodities Their Coins as being under the Jurisdiction of England have correspondency therewith and are here currant as also those of Spain and an Irish Pound which consisteth of 20 s. is but 15 s. sterling which makes their Shilling but 9 d. sterling And as to their Weights and Measures they are the same with those of England where see further Wickle seated on the Sea Wickle where over the narrow Haven there standeth a Rock enclosed with a strong Wall instead of a Castle and serveth for a place of defence New-Castle a Town which regardeth the Sea Newcastle where there are Shelves of Sand which they call the Grounds reaching a great length between which and the Shoar is said to be about seven Fathom water Houth seated on the River Liffy at its fall into the Sea Houth which almost encloseth it Malcheal also seated on the Sea Malcheal nigh unto which is a small Isle called Lambey County of East-Meath described EAST-MEATH a County watered with the noble River Boyn which cutteth the Country into two parts and after it hath received the Waters of Lough-Ranmore dischargeth it self into the Sea It is severed into twelve Baronies viz. Moyfenragh Dunboyne Ratoth Duleeke Kells Morgallon Skreen Navan Lune Slane Foore and Decce And hath for its chief place Trim seated on the River Boyne a Town of good account and Trade Trim. Aboy a well inhabited and frequented Town Aboy Navan Drodagh Slane Navan Drodagh and Slane which also hath a Barony County of West-Meath described WEST-MEATH so called as lying Westwards as the other is for lying Eastwards It is divided into twelve Baronies viz. Farbill Moyeashell Clunlonan Brawney Moygoish Delvin Corkery Demyfoore Maheredernon Rathconrath Kilkenny-west and Fartullagh And hath for its chief places Molingar the chief Shire-Town Molingar as being commodiously seated in the midst of the County Delvin seated on the Summit of a Hill a Town dignified with a Barony Delvin and Kelskery Kelskery County of Longford described LONGFORD a County almost encompassed with Lakes and Rivers amongst which is the Shannon the noblest River in the Kingdom It is severed into six Baronies viz. Ardagh Granard Moydow Longford Rathline and Abbyshrewle And hath for its chief places Longford which gives name to the County seated on the Lake Eske Longford or rather on the Shannon Ardragh another good Town Ardragh County of Kildare described KILDARE a rich and fertil County severed into ten Baronies viz. Salt Nass Ikeathy or Oughtereney Claine Connel Magna Carbury Ophaly Noragh and Rabane Kilkullen half Kilcah and Moon Whose chief places are Kildare a fair Inland Town being well frequented defended by a Castle Kildare and dignified with the See of a Bishop A place much celebrated in the Infancy of the Irish Church for its St. Brigid an holy Virgin who was the Disciple of St. Patrick Mainoth defended by a Castle and is a place of good account Mainoth and well frequented Naas Athie Naas and Athie seated on the River Barrow both Towns of some account Kings County described KINGS COVNTY so called in honour to Philip King of Spain Husband to Mary Queen of England It is divided into ten Baronies viz. Cooles-Town Philips-Town Marrius-Town Ballicowen Kilcoursey Balliboy Clonliske Garricastle Ballibritt and Fercale And hath for its chief places Philips-Town or Kings-Town Philips-Town Queens-Town described QVEENS COVNTY full of Boggs and Woods is divided into eight Baronies viz. Balliadams Vpper-Ossery Portnehinch Tenehinch Cullinagh Mary-burrough Slewmargigh and Stradbally And hath for its chief places Queens-Town a place of good account and is the chief in the County Queens-Town Rheban once a City but at present of small note Rheban County of Caterlough described CATERLOVGH a fertil County and well clothed with Wood. It is severed into five Baronies viz. Ravilly Caterlough Forth Idronye and St. Mullin in part And hath for its chief places Caterlough Caterlough seated on the River Barrow of good account and strength Leighlin Leighlin also seated on the Barrow once dignified with an Episcopal See Tullo Tullo seated on the River Slane Carickbrak Areklo Carickbrak and Areklo which two last are seated on the Sea County of Wexford described WEXFORD or WEISFORD washed by the Sea a County in former time according to Ptolomy possessed by the Menapians a sort of People which came out of Low-Germany It is divided into eight Baronies viz. Gory Scarwalsh Ballagheene Bantry Shellmaleere Forth Bargy and Sheelburne And hath for its chief places Wexford Wexford supposed to be the ancient City Menapa scituate at the Mouth of the River Slane where it hath a good Haven a fair Town and of note for being the first Town that imbraced a Colony of English as also for its Herring-fishing which makes it to be well inhabited and frequented Ross Ross seated on the River Barrow which after a small course falleth into a Bay or Arm of the Sea Ternes Ternes scituate on the Slane dignified with the See of a Bishop and was in former time fortified with a Castle Eniscort Eniscort a Borough and Town Corporate County of Kilkenny described KILKENNY a very fertil County well graced with Towns is divided into ten Baronies viz. Gowran Fassaghdining Kilkenny Cranagh Galmey Callen Iverke Sheelelogher Kells Knocktopher Ida-Igrin and Ibercon And hath for its chief places Kilkenny Kilkenny seated on the River Nur which traverseth the County a fair and wealthy Borough-Town far exceeding all other Mid-land Borough-Towns in the Kingdom It is divided into the English and the Irish Town that part belonging to the English being fenced on the West-side by a Wall and defended by a Castle and that part which belongeth to the Irish being as it were the Suburbs is of the greatest Antiquity having in it the Canicks Church and is honoured with the See of the Bishop of Ossery Thomas Town Thomas Town seated beneath the River Nur a small walled Town Callan Callan seated on a River so called a Borough and Town Corporate Religious Houses Amongst the places in this Province set apart for Divine Worship these following were of great note viz. the stately Abbey called Thomas Court at Dublin built by King Henry the Second in expiation of the Murther of Thomas Archbishop of Canterbury the Monasteries of St. Maries of Oustmanby and Tintern and the Abbey founded by William Marshall Earl
Sea and near the Bosphorus of Thrace are n = 1. Cyanees The two Islands called CYANEES so near the one to the other that the Ancients would make us believe they joyned n = 2. Lesbos METELIN of old LESBOS famous for the City Meteline which for its greatness and excellency of its Wines gives name to the Island In this place was born Sappho the Inventress of the Sapphick Verse Pittacus one of the Sages of Greece and Arion the Dolphin Harper n = 3. Scio. SCIO or CHIOS distant from the Ionian shoar four Leagues being in compass about 126 miles remarkable for the Church of its Convent of Niomene one of the fairest in the World It affordeth excellent Fruits in great plenty but of most note for its Mastick not found elsewhere it is now under the power of the Grand Signior n = 4. Icaria ICARIA now called Niceria in compass 12 Leagues here Icarus suffered Shipwreck abounding in Corn and Pasturage n = 5. Pathmos PATHMOS in compass about ten Leagues Mountainous but reasonably fruitful especially in Grain Here it was that St. John being banished by Domitian writ his Revelation to the Churches of Asia n = 6. Parmacusa PARMACVSA near Miletum where Caesar was taken by them n = 7. Claros CLAROS or CASAMO about 13 Leagues in compass very Mountainous but hath good Harbours in former times sacred to Apollo abounding in great plenty of Aloes where they are gathered and transported to other Countries n = 8. Lero LERO noted also for Aloes n = 9. Coos COOS seated in the bottom of the Aegean Sea furnished with sweet and pleasant Streams which refresh this Island and makes it very fruitful it is in compass 23 Leagues having its chief place so called fortified with a strong Tower now a Garrison of the Turks This Island is remarkable for being the Birth-place of so many famous men especially Hippocrates the Revivor of Physick when almost decayed unto the ancient practice of Aesculapius unto whom this Island was consecrated having therein a Temple made rich with the Offerings of those that had been sick whose Cures were there Registred and Apelles the famous Painter n = 10. Scarpante Scarpante stored with the best Coral in the World n = 11. Nicosia NICOSIA which was the Seat of the Kings of the Family of Lufigua and the See of an Archbishop and Peopled with 40000 Families n = 12. Farmacusa FARMACVSA scituate on the Sea much stronger than Nicosia n = 13. Bapho BAPHO of old Baphus famous for its Temple dedicated to Venus Mount Olympus now St. Michaels Mount stands in the middle of this Island n = 14. Negroponte NEGRO-PONTE where the Sea ebbs and flows seven times a day which because Aristotle could not unriddle he here drowned himself the chief City is Colchis n = 15. Samos SAMOS about 30 Leagues in compass strongly seated almost on all sides with Rocks having a fair Haven fertil in Fruits especially in Oil and Olives the Island much infected with Pirates This is the only place in the World for Spunges under whose Rocks they grow in the Sea for the getting of which they have People which from their Infancy are bred up with dry Bisket and other extenuating diet to make them lean then taking a Spunge wet in Oil they hold it part in their Mouths and part without and so they dive down into the Sea to get it those that have been used to this trade can abide under water almost an hour together n = 16. Tenedos TENEDOS scituate at the Mouth of the Hellespont opposite to Troy remarkable for the concealing the Grecian Navy which proved the final destruction of Troy n = 17. Rhodes RHODES scituate in the Carpathian or Rhodian Sea being in compass 46 Leagues a place of great strength its Soil fertil its Air temperate plentiful in all things as well for delight as profit full of excellent Pastures adorned with pleasant Trees whose Leaves are alb the year long in their verdure In this Island the Sun is so powerful and constant as it was anciently dedicated to Phoebus This Island as Sandys in his Book of Travels noteth was held Sacred to the Sun to whom they erected that vast Colossus of Brass which may well be accounted one of the Seven Wonders of the World He saith The Colessus this Colossus was in height 70 Cubits every Finger as big as an ordinary Statue and the Thumb too great to be fathomed It was 12 years a making the bigness was such that being erected at the entrance of the Port Ships past between its Legs but in 66 years by an Earthquake it was thrown down and broken in pieces And besides the Mass of Stones contained therein 900 Camels were laden with the Brass which was used about it This City bearing the name of the Island is seated 4 miles from the ancient City famous of old for their Government their expert Navigations and since for the abode of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem now in the hands of the Turk This City and Island of Rhodes as indeed Tenedos Samos and the rest of the Isles in this Sea are of little or no Trade yet they are found to produce several good Commodities And n = 18. Cyprus CYPRVS which amongst all is the greatest being in circuit about 183 Leagues distant from the Cilician shoar about 20 Leagues it stretcheth it self from East to West in form of a Fleece and thrusting forth a great many Promontories This Island during the Empire of the Persians and Macedonians was accounted for Nine Kingdoms most of them bearing the names of their principal Towns but by Prolomy divided into these 4 Provinces viz. 1. Lapethia 2. Paphia 3. Salamine and 4. Amathusia Provinces in Cyprus Places of most note are 1. Nicosia the Metropolis of the Island being a walled City in form round five miles in compass adorned with stately Buildings resembling some Cities in Florence as well for its beauty and pleasant scituation as for its plentifulness in People 2. Tremitas the Birth-place of Spiridon a famous Bishop of the Primitive times 3. Paphos seated near the Sea built by Paphos Son of Pygmalion King of Phoenicia and Cyprus where stands Pygmalions Statue which as the Poets feign was by the power of Venus turned into a Woman where she had her so much celebrated Temple and where her Votaries of both Sexes in their natural nakedness did perform her Sacrifices 4. Salamis once the Metropolitan City in the Island but now turned to Ruins in which there was a famous Temple consecrated unto Jupiter 5. Aphrodisium so named from Venus where she had another Temple 6. Famagusta though but small yet one of the chiefest in this Island strongly seated 7. Arsinoe famous for the Groves of Jupiter 8. Amathus renowned for the Annual Sacrifices made unto Adonis the darling of Venus where she had another Temple
At present the Turk possesses the greatest part of the Country and keeps still or did not long since Beglerbies at Erzerum Cars Revan Van Schildir Tefflis and Derbent besides which there are many Cities of considerable note some of which the Persians hold 1. It s chief Places Erzerum on the Euphrates near the black Sea on which and not far from Erzerum is Trebisonde which facilitates a great trade between the East West and North for coming from the Indian Ocean by the Gulph of Ormus and so up the Euphrates they may receive passing by what comes from the West to Aleppo and carry it unto Erzerum from whence to Trebisonde by land is not above 25 or 30 Leagues 2. Gars Chars or likewise Chissery is four or five days Journy from Erzerum towards the East on the River Euphrates it hath been taken and retaken divers times by the Turks and Persians The same may be said of Revan Schilder and Van this last is not great but well Walled and with greater Ditches and hath a Castle whose scituation is such as renders it almost inaccessible 3. Tefflis is likewise in some esteem at present but much more formerly under the name of Artaxata which Artaxias Father of Tigranes King of Armenia caused to be builded and fortified at the perswasion of Hannibal 4. Derbent of great antiquity being supposed to have its foundation laid by Alexander the Great who also erected that no less great than strong Castle which is called Kastow adjoyning to the said City which is the greatest and most ordinary passage between Turcomania Persia and other Southern Provinces of Asia to Zuire the Kingdom of Astracan and other more Northern Estates of Europe and Asia It s scituation is upon the utmost Mountains which regard the Taberestan or the Caspian Sea and all is so well fortified that the Turks have took occasion to call the place Demir or Temir Capi or the Port of Iron and the name of Derbent signifies a Streight Port and in all likelyhood these are the Caspiae Portae so famous among the Ancients because that in the black Sea and the Sea of Tabarestan which is about 3 or 400 thousand Paces It is all high Mountainous and hard to be passed and if there be any passages they are infamous for Robberies and Incursions which the Inhabitants of the Countries or the Princes which possess them make This City is a place of great strength being invironed with two strong Walls and fortified with Towers and Iron-gates being accounted the Key or Inlet to Persia now in the hands of the Grand Signior 5. Bitlis and Manuscute belong to the Curdes who have here many and divers Lords better affected to the Persians than the Turks Bitlis is between two Mountains watered with a River which receives many fair Fountains The Houses are built with Stones which is rare in that Country others being of nothing but Wood and Earth The Castle is seated advantagiously but I believe this place is not now in the hands of the Turks and to speak truth we have at present little knowledge of any thing concerning these quarters ARMENIA was much better known and more famous in Ancient time than at present under the name of Turcomania The Bounds of Armenia Its Bounds are very advantagious being quite encompassed with high Mountains large Rivers and washed by divers Seas and seated Northwards of the Caspian Mountains which divides it from Media now called Servan The Mountains of Armenis This Country is well replenished with Mountains Vallies Rivers and Lakes The Mountain Anti-Taurus divides it East and West almost from one extremity to the other whose most Easternly point is called Abus from whence the Euphrates Tigris and Araxes take some of their Streams The Gordian Mountains pour forth the greatest supplies to Tigris and the Pariardes increase most the Streams of Euphrates Araxes and Farza Chief Rivers in Armenia Farza turns his course towards the North and after having passed Colchida and pressed through 100 or 120 Bridges falls into the Euxine Sea Araxes turns towards the East watering the fairest and richest Plains of Armenia and falls into the Caspian Sea between Media and Albania Both the one and the other Euphrates descend towards the West but approaching the Euxine Sea it turns again towards the South and reunites its two Channels into one traverses the Anti-Taurus and Taurus divides Armenia and Mesopotamia from Asia Minor Syria and Arabia descends into Chaldea where it waters the ancient Babylon and loses it self in the Tigris This last descends from Mount Abus and the Georgian Mountains falls into divers Lakes loses it self and rises divers times out of the Earth cuts the Mountain Niphates separates Mesopotamia from Assyria washes Ninive Seleucia Ctesiphon receives all the branches of the Euphrates and discharges it self in the Persian Gulph Lakes of most note in Armenia The greatest Lakes of Armenia are Thospitis Areessa and Lychintes this last is towards the Araxes and the Caspian Sea Areessa is the same that Pliny and Solinus call Arethusa Thospitis according to Ptolomy is another Lake the Tigris likewise crosses after which it loses it self the second time The first hath its Water so as it will take spots out of Cloaths but is not good to drink Kings of eminent note in Armenia Among the Kings of Armenia which made themselves most known to the Romans or Parthians Tigranes Son-in-law to Mithridates King of Pontus hath been the most famous This Tigranes after having been an Hostage in the hands of the Parthians regained his Estates by their means in recompence of which he gave them 70 Valleys on the confines of Media and Assyria but after he knew and had gathered together his Powers he retook all those Vallies beat the Parthians out of them pillaged Assyria as far as Ninive and Arbela subjected to himself a part of Media and afterwards all Mesopotamia Syria Phoenicia and Cilicia But whilst he believed himself above Fortune Mithridates his Father-in-law was divers times defeated and driven from his Realm of Pontus by Lucullus and the Romans and retiring himself into Armenia to his Son-in-law his refusal to abandon or deliver him into the hands of Lucullus drew the Romans into Armenia where Lucullus several times defeated Tigranes took Tigranocerta where was his Regal Diadem and likewise in a great Set-Battel where Tigranes had 150000 Foot and 1000 or 1200 Horse flew 100000 Foot and the greatest part of his Cavalry constraining him to yield to the Romans the Provinces of Cilicia Syria Phoenicia and Mesopotamia and content himself with Armenia only but for the present let us lay aside History The division of Armenia according to Ptolomy Ptolomy divided Armenia into four principal Parts and allotted to the first 7 Regions or Provinces 6 to the second 3 to the third and 4 to the fourth placing in the first part 30 Cities 27 in the second 12 in the third and 18 in
the fourth which are in all 4 Parts 20 Regions or Provinces and 87 Cities Pliny accounts 120 Strategies in Armenia which are the Governments or particular Jurisdictions of every Province six for each and one as much as the other Armenia is not only known in prophane History but likewise in Holy Writ After the Deluge the Holy Scripture makes mention that the Ark of Noah rested upon the Mountains of Armenia to say precisely at present which they were there being so many in Armenia Authors cannot agree We only conjecture that they must be either Abus which ends the Anti-Taurus or the Pariardes or the Gordons which are the highest in all Armenia and from whence the Euphrates the Tigris the Phazza or Phasis and Araxes descend Now Euphrates is called Frat or Forat the Tigris Diglath or Digelath these two names Frat and Diglath are found among the four Rivers which Moses saith came forth from the Terrestrial Paradise We must therefore seek this Paradise not far from hence the difficulty is to find the other two Rivers Phison and Gihou The Terrestrial Paradise in Armenia Almost all Authors conclude the Nile for Gehon and the Ganges for Phison but as the Bible describes these Rivers no us they must descend from the same place which the Tigris the Euphrates the Nile and the Ganges cannot do The Tigris and the Euphrates have some Springs which are not far distant the one from the other but those of Ganges are more than 200 Leagues and those of the Nile more than 1500 Leagues from those of the Tigris or Euphrates and moreover those of Nile and of Ganges are more than 2000 Leagues one from the other Phasis hath its heads in the same Mountain with the Euphrates and may therefore better answer to Phison then can the Ganges The Araxes hath its Springs in the same Mountains with the Phasis and Euphrates and so may better answer to the Gehon than the Nile for as for the Gehon or Jehun which we now know it answers to the Oxus of the Ancients which runs between Bactriana and Sogdiana and discharges itself into the Caspian Sea but it hath its Springs in Mount Caucasus in India a little on this side the Springs of the Indus which are likewise 8 or 900 Leagues from those of Tigris and Euphrates Since then the Tigris Euphrates Phazza and Araxes have here their Springs we may judge that the Terrestrial Paradise was in these Mountains The Holy Scripture saith that it had in the midst of it a Fountain from whence issued a River alone which divides itself into four others which it names Phison Gehon Diglath and Fratt It is to be believed that this Fountain was in the midst of the World to the end the Rivers might have a course almost equal to water all parts of the World It must likewise be concluded that this Fountain must be in some high part of the World to the end that Rivers might have an equal fall The Mountains of Armenia are directly in the middle of our Continent which may easily be proved by casting the eye upon the whole Continent they are likewise the highest in the World since they were first discovered after the Deluge and those on which the Ark of Noah rested and the modern names of the Rivers not being very different from the ancients at least the three or four I am bold to say that if there yet remains any marks by which we may discover the place where the Terrestrial Paradise hath been it is rather in these quarters than any other GEORGIA Georgia and its parts A Bove Turcomania and between the Black Sea and the Caspian as far as Mount Caucasus lies GEORGIA which is divided into three or four parts Mingrelia Avogasia Gurgiston and Quiria Avogasia is sometimes comprehended under the name of Mingrelia and on the other side a part of the ancient Armenia passeth likewise under the general name of Georgia Mingrelia and Avogasia together are the same with Colchis of the Ancients or little more Gurgiston to the ancient Iberia and sometimes likewise to that part of Armenia which falls under the general name of Georgia Quiria answers to the ancient Albania The Georgians are docil peaceable lovers of Christianity much addicted to drinking and the stronger the Drink the better acceptable At Feasts the Women never eat with the Men. They are great lovers of Onions and Herbs are much addicted to Trade are great Travellers are very expert at the Bow and Arrow and are esteemed the best Souldiers in all Asia It s chief places The Cities of Phans or Phazza and Savatopoli are the most famous of Mingrelia and formerly of Colchis Savatopoli once Sebastopolis and before that Dioscurias had the confluence of 300 different Nations and different Tongues which came hither from the North in way of Traffick Phazza anciently Phasis on the River of the same name was the abode of Aeetes who kept the Golden Fleece which the Argonauts took away after having vanquished all those difficulties which presented themselves to their hindrance Of the Golden Fleece I believe that this Golden Fleece was no other thing than a Trade of Wool Skins and Furrs which all the Northern People brought to Phasis which Jason and the Greeks among all the People of Europe were the first Discoverers of And because there was great profit and many hazards and dangers in the first Navigations it was feigned that the Fleece was of Gold and that it was guarded by furious Bulls Men well armed and a horrible and affrightful Dragon It may be added That Jason with the Golden Fleece brought Medea with him which after caused so many displeasures in his Family that is that Riches having introduced some Luxury among the Greeks their Women became more proud and troublesom Places in Georgia Cori and Bassachiuch are the best Cities of Gurgistan Tefflis and Derbent the fairest of that part of Armenia which passes under the name of Georgia Bassachiuch may answer to the ancient Artamista Cori to Harmastis or Armactia Tefflis to Artaxata and Derbent to Caspiae Portae Bassachiuch and Cori with some other places of Gurgistan have their Princes of which there are many throughout Georgia Cori is most advanced towards the Sea and Bassachiuch more engaged with the Mountains Tefflis and Derbent are in the hands of the Turks as we have said in Turcomania Country of Quiria its Provinces and the chief Places QVIRIA extends it self from the particular Georgia which lies on the West and South unto Mount Caucasus which bounds it on the North side Some Authors divide it into two others into three Provinces of which the chief Cities are Stranu Zitrach and Chipicha instead of Stranu others put Zambanach and instead of Zitrach Gorgora possibly these names are not different but to divers People though they be the same places However it be Stranu or Zambanach answer to the ancient Albana Metropolis of Albania Zitrach
of the Caspian Sea which is often called TABARESTAN from the name of this Province It stretches 100 Leagues up the Land containing in its Territory 12 fair Cities of which Asterabad or Starabat which hath something of common with the name of the Province is the principal then Maglasen Zariach and others this Country affords quantity of Silk Province of Gorgian The Province of GORGIAN touches not the Sea the chief City is of the same name then Obscoen Damegan and Semnan Gorgian answers to the ancient Hircania Metropolis Province of Rhoemus The Province of RHOEMVS is in the East of TABARESTAN and GORGIAN It s chief Cities are 1. Bestan then 2. Beyad 3. Zabâ—awer and 4. Thous higher in the Land 5. Feraway 6. Masinon and others toward the Sea and Mouth of the River Gehon Nassir Eddin that excellent Mathematician was a Native of Thous who drove Mustalzin from his Caliphat or dignity of Babylon because Mulstalzin had demanded of him Where were his Horns So dangerous it is to mock a man of Spirit and Courage The City of Thous is esteemed very considerable being large and encompassed with a noble Wall adorned with stately Structures and among others with about 200 or 300 Towers distant from one another a Musquetsâ—ot It is famous for the stately Sepulchre of Iman Risa of the Family of Ali one of the Twelve Persian Saints where great Devotions and Ceremoâ—ies are performed by them which brings in a great Revenue to this City Province of Churdistan The Province of CHVRDISTAN is divided into three Parts or Provinces of which Salmas is the chief City of the first Maraga of the second â—nd Cormaba of the third Besides which there are a great number of fair Cities as 1. Nakziovan 2. Choy 3. Guienche c. Salmas is near the Salt-Lake of Kannudhan which yields Fish only at a certain time of the year This City hath under its Jurisdiction 20 other strong and fair ones yet is not without those wandring People which live under their Tents Maraga is 〈◊〉 or 4 days Journey from Tauris 5 or 6 from Salmas Near Maraga the Perâ—ans were defeated by the Sarazens about the year 650 and their Monarchy â—ell into the hands of the Califfs Cormaba is on the East of Tigris and not â—at from Bagdad and Mosul Its Inhabitants are esteemed the true Curdes as good at incursions as the Arabs who lose nothing they can catch Near Choy are the Calderonian Champains of Chelder renowned for the Battle between Selim Emperour of the Turks and Ismael Sophy of the Persians where this last who had till then almost always been Victor was defeated and lost a great Battel and after it Tauris where was his wife Tallucanum and his Treasures but whilst he prepared new Forces the Turks retired to Amasia At Guienche formerly a City and a Kingdom contains likewise 7 or 〈◊〉 fair Cities the Can Caidogli caused to be builded one of the fairest and strongest Towers that is in Persia besides the Stone making use of the Heads of 540000 Turks which he had defeated in those quarters and which he caused to be bruised among the Morter Province of Ayrack its Commodities c. The Province of AYRACK is the fairest and richest of Persia The Sophies have for sometime past made here their residence formerly at 1. Casbin at present at 2. Hispahan which are two great Cities 3. Cassian 4. Hamadan 5. Dankana 6. Sauwa 7. Com 8. Yesd 9. Soltania 10. Hrey 11. Cochera 12. Kargh with several others are likewise very fair Near Hrey is gathered excellent Manna Soltan hath great quantity of the fairest Fountains and takes its name from the Soltans which sometimes resided here Yesd yields the richest and fairest Tapestries in the World Near this City and on the Mountain Albors there are yet some worshippers of Fire which have used it above 3000 years Hamadan hath born the title of a Kingdom and had 15 Cities under it Casian produceth many Silk and Cotton Manufactures and hath drawn to it all the Traffick that was at Com not suffering any Vagabonds or Beggars Com hath been as great as Constantinople but Tamerlain having ruin'd it it could never regain its splendor The Inhabitants addict themselves to labour in their Vineyards and Gardens It s Bridge is of Stone and the fairest in all Persia Casbin was the residence of Xa-Thamas when the Turks had taken Tauris Some esteem it the ancient Arsacia others Ecbatana It is not well built but great and filled with no less than 100000 Souls its fair Palace it s many Bazars and its Atmaiden are remarkable Bazars are places or great Streets where there are but one sort of Merchants the Atmaiden or greater Market which is about a mile in Circuit Hispahan the chief City of Persia Hispahan the Metropolitan City of the Persian Monarchy seated in the Parthian Territory which in its scituation is pleasant and delightful in its Soil fruitful and well watered by the River Sindery in its Air serene and healthful and for bigness is now become the greatest City in all Persia whose Walls are in circumference a reasonable days Journey Its buildings which are many scarce containing less than 75000 Houses are proud and elegant and was said to be once so populous that it gave entertainment to 500000 Inhabitants But after a certain Revolt for which they were severely chastised by the command of the Prince it hath not had so great a quantity of People yet it is exceeding populous and much frequented by Strangers rich in Trade eminent for all sorts of Exercise and more magnificent as being the residence of the Sophy of the Persians who had here built divers Palaces which are inhabited by his Nobles so rich and stately with Gardens so delightful and magnificent that not the industry of man nay scarce his thought can comprehend or imagine any thing more beautiful This City besides its Walls is fenced about with a Ditch and defended by a strong Castle The chief buildings are the Palaces the Mosques the Hummums or Hot-houses and the Mydan or Market-place which without dispute is the fairest richest and noblest Building in the World being about 1000 Places in length and 200 in breadth The inside resembles our Exchange being filled with Shops where all sorts of rich Commodities are vended and sustained by Arches and below furnished with such things both for Food and Rayment as the Country affordeth Its Palaces and Seraglio's exceeding stately and delightful On the West-side are seated two stately Palaces or Seraglio's for the King and his Ladies far exceeding in state and magnificence all other the proud Buildings in this City the Walls being of Red Marble and pargetted with divers colours and the whole Palace paved with fretted and Checkered work over which it is spread with stately Carpets the Windows are made of Alablaster and white and spotted Marble and the Posts and Wickets of massy Ivory checkered with glittering
Ebony so curiously wrought in winding knots that it may sooner stay than satisfie the eyes of the Beholder To which stately Structure there is joyned a no less pleasant and delightful Garden wherein are no less then 1000 several Fountains Brooks and Rivolets furnished with store and variety of curious Fruits together with what else may make a place delightful The great place of the City is before the Palace where the Sophy ordinarily resides The Fruits in and about this City are the best in the World their Vines yield in nothing to those of the Canaries Their Horses and Mules are fair and good their Camels so strong that they carry almost twice as much as those of other places They have permitted in this City some Monasteries of Christians as of Carmelites Augustine Fryars Capuchins and others The Inhabitants of this City negotiate their affairs on Horse-back Hispahan and its Commodities The Inhabitants do all their affairs on Hors-back as well publick as private in the buying and vending of their Commodities But the Slaves never ride which makes the difference betwixt them This City being the residence of the Sophy and being inhabited by so many eminent persons which always attend this Monarch makes it to have a great Trade and be much frequented by Merchants almost from all places as English Dutch Portugals Arabians Indians Turks Jews Armenians c. whereby it is furnished not only with all the Native Commodities of Persia as Gold and Silver Raw Silk in such great quantity that they furnish most part of the East as also other places some Drugs and Spices Wine Fruits c. Also sundry curious Manufactures as Carpets Arras-work Hangings c. Cloth of Gold and Silver Fine Cotton Cloths with several other Commodities which are here made but also with those of Arabia India China and Turky which hither are brought in exchange for theirs by Caravans or Camels Dromedaries and Mules by reason they want the benefit of the Sea They had formerly the benefit of several good Ports as Tauris and Balsora but now in the custody of the Grand Seignior together with some others The Ports that they now enjoy and make use of are Ormus and Jasques In this City is erected a Column or Pillar composed of the Heads or Skulls of Men and Beasts being about twenty foot in circumference at the Basis and exalting it self near sixty foot in height Now the reason of erecting of this terrible and horrid Column and Monument was this The People surfeiting with Luxury through their Pride and Impudence denied their duty to their Soveraign not only in refusing to contribute a small sum of money being towards the extirpation of the Turks and Tartars who did much annoy the Kingdom but also audaciously opposed his entrance whereupon he vowed revenge And having made a forcible entrance in his rage fired a great part of the City pillaged each House and in two days he put to the Sword near 30000 and to terrifie others erected a Column or Pillar of their Heads Province of Chorazan its chief Cities Commodities c. The Province of CHORAZAN is the greatest of all Persia some divide it into Cohazan Chorazan and Chowarazan which others esteem to be the same It hath every where a great number of brave Cities as Kahen on Kayem which yields great store of Saffron 2. Thou abounds in Silk Manufactures 3. Mesched or Mexat is the chief of Chorazan and shews the Tombs of many Persian Kings It is about twelve miles in compass and hath about 100000 Inhabitants It s Territory is fertile its Inhabitants well made strong and warlike 4. Herat is likewise called Salgultzar that is The City of Roses it producing greater quantities then any City in the World besides It yields likewise Rhubarbe and Vines which last a long time and so much Silk that there are sometimes 3 or 4000 Camels loaden in one day 5. Nichabour so near to Rhoemus that some conceive it belonging to it others make it a particular Province The City hath been much better peopled then now it is Tamerlane here and hereabouts put to death in one day about 400000 persons 6. Bouregian is near a great Lake of the same name This Lake receives many Rivers but like the Caspian Sea sends not one to the Ocean But let us return to the more Southerly parts of Persia we will say nothing here of Yerack since the Turk at present holds it with several others Province of chusistan it s chief places c. The Province of CHVSISTAN answers to the Ancient Susiana the Soyl is so fruitful that it often yields 100 or 200 for one Its Cities are Souster Ardgan Hawecz Asker-Moukeran and others 1. Souster is the Ancient Susa Here the Prophet Daniel had the Vision concerning the determination of the Persinn Monarchy and the beginning of the Grecian and where Ahasuerus kept his great Feast which continued 183 days for his Princes and Lords imitated to this day by the Sultans of Persia who do annually entertain their Nobles where Ahasuerus kept his Court when Esther demanded grace in favour of the Jews an dt here where Mordecai was exalted to the place and charge of Haman who was hanged on the same Gibbet which he prepared for Mordecai The Persians observe great Feasts It is held that the ancient Palace was built by Memnon Son of Tithonus who in the Trojan Wars was slain by the Thessalans of the spoyls of the Great Thebes in Egypt and that with such expence and magnificence that the stones were bound together with Gold but whether this be true or false without doubt it was very rich for it is said that Alexander found here 50000 Talents of uncoyned Gold besides Silver Wedges and Jewels of an inestimable value This City is of about 25000 paces in circumference and is the residence of the Sophy in the Winter season 2. Ardgan a fair City on the borders of this Province and not far from Hispahan 3. Hawecz called by the Arabian of Nubia Ahuaz and made chief of the Cities of Chusistan which he calls Churdistan He places next to it Askar-Mocran alias Askar-Moukeran on the River Mesercan where there was a Bridge supported by twenty Boats 4. Tostar with a River of the same name And 5. Saurac with some other The heats in these parts in the Summer season are so great especially towards the South part of the Mountain that the Inhabitans are forced to forsake the Cities and retire themselves into the Mountains for coolness Province of Fars its chief places fertility c. The Province of FARS or FARC formerly Persia now a particular Province hath a great number of large rich and beautiful Cities As 1. Chirdef which is said to be about 20000 paces in circumference where sometimes the Sophy hath made his residence scituate in a large and pleasant Plain well built and beautified with fair Gardens and magnificent Mosques Two of which are larger than
Curiga Muterte Muterte Marta Marta Batimena Batimena In the Mountains as Mangat Mangat Paru Paru Pimienta Pimienta Changanara Changanara Trivalar Trivalar Panapelli Panapelli Angamala Angamala Ticancutes Ticancutes Punhali Punhali Caranarette Caranarette Pande Pande The Peninsula of INDIA within the Ganges In which are the Kingdoms Countries Isles c. of PEGU with its Kingdoms or Parts of Martavan Manar Tangu Marsin Jangoma Brama Pegu Brema Canarane Pandior Mandranelle Cassubi Boldia Ava Tinco Prom Tolema Largara Tipoura Chacomas Maon Arracan Dogon Ledoa Cosmi Xara Dunbacaon Chibode SIAN with its Kingdoms or Estates of Sian Odiaa Banckock Ogmo Lugor Mirgin Sacotay Juropiâ—an Martaban Martaban Macurâ—a Cuidad de los Reyes Macaon Jangoma Jangoma Camboia Camboya Ravecca Langor Carol Tarvana Peninsula of MALACCA whose Parts Towards the Gulph of BENGALA and Westwards are Tanasserin Tanasserin Juncaldon Juncaldon Queda Queda Pera Pera. Malacca Malacca Towards the Gulph of SIAN and Eastwards are Ihor Ihor Pahang Pahang Patane Patane Singora Singora Brodelong Brodelong Ligor Ligor COCHIN-CHINA with its Kingdoms People c. of COCHIN-CHINA particularly so called with its Provinces of Chiampaa Pulocacein Ranran Baday Pulocanbis Naroman Quagiva Ciomoy Cacciam Cacciam Faifo Turaoh Sinuva Sinuva TUNQUIN with its Parts or Provinces of Bochin whose chief place is Keccio Ghean whose chief place is Keccio Tinhoa whose chief place is Keccio Beramar whose chief place is Keccio Kedom whose chief place is Keccio Kenam whose chief place is Keccio Kethay whose chief place is Keccio The People called the Layes The Kingdom of Ciocangue The People called the Gueyes Timocoves ISLES seated in the Gulph of SIAN viz. Macara Panian Cara. Goeteinficos Tyamciefi Cosyn ISLES seated in the Ocean called the Gulph of BENGALA viz. Chubedu Chudube Ledoa Dos Alevantados Durondiva Siriaon Sobollas Dos Cocos Andemaon Dos Caboses Tanassesi Tavay Alta Crara Caremubar Raza Dos Sombreros de Palm Siano Sambilano Batun Pera Pinaon Ganal de St. Jorgo Nicubar A General Mapp of the East Indies Comprehending the Estats or Kingdoms of the Great Mogol the Kingdoms Estats of Decan Golconde Bisnagar Malabar c in the Peninsula of India with out the Ganges the Kingdoms Isles of Pegu Sian Malacca Cochinchina c in the Peninlula of India within the Ganges with the Isles of Maldives by Monsieur Sanson DEUS IN DEAT To the Honorable the Governer Deputy and Court of Committies of the Company of Marchants tradeing in to the East Indies This Mapp is humbly dedicated by Ric Blome INDIA OR THE EAST-INDIES It s Name INDIA of which we treat at present is that which the Ancients have known under the name of India or the Indies and which the Moderns call the Asiatick or East-Indies because they likewise call America though very improperly the West Indies these lying West those East from our Meridian But under the name of East Indies divers Authors comprehend all the most Oriental parts of Asia that is to say all that is above and beyond the River Indus from whence the Country takes its name and likewise China and the Isles of Asia which are in the Oriental Ocean pass under the name of these Indies Its bounds and division into Parts But leaving China and the Isles of Asia apart we may divide India both because of its Form and the disposition of its Estates into three several parts of which the first shall comprehend that which is upon the Main Earth the rest shall be in two Peninsula's of which the most Western and between the Mouths of Indus and Ganges shall be called The Peninsula of India without the Ganges and the most Oriental and beyond the Ganges shall be called The Peninsula of India within the Ganges We will esteem in the first part that which the Great Mogoll at present possesses and what is engaged in his Empire In the two Peninsula's we shall have a great number of Kingdoms and Principalities neither the one nor the other having less than fifty which by little and little are reduced into a less number the strongest becoming Masters of the weakest Thus the great Mogoll made himself Master of 35 or 40 Kingdoms of which some had before ruined many others The Empire of the GREAT MOGOLL OF the several Provinces or Kingdoms under the Empire of the Great Mogoll as appears in the Geographical Table of the Empire apart have their Names common with those of their chief Cities and are all rich and since their separation they compose fair and powerful Estates And first with Cabul Kingdom or Province of Cabul CABVL whose chief City bears the same name is the most advanced towards Persia with Vsbeck or Zagatha The Springs of Nilab and Behat which fall into the Indus and possibly likewise of Indus are in this Kingdom or Province The City of Cabul is great but the Houses low its strength lying in the two Fortresses and in the great Road of Lahor to Samarcand in Vsbeck and to Yarchan the chief City of Cascar from whence they bring Silk Musk and Rhubarb from China and Cathay ATTOCK is on the Indus Attock Its City is fair the Fortress good and when the Limits of the Estates of the Kings of India lay between Lahor and Attock it was of greater consideration than possibly it is at present MVLTAN is rich Multan by reason of the fruitfulness of its Soil and Traffick which the Rivers of Indus of Behat of Nilab and of Rawey which fall into the Indus do much enrich The City of Multan is great ancient and not above two or three Leagues distant from the Indus It s principal Commodities are Sugar Galls Opium Brimstone several Manufactures of Silk and Wool c. CANDAHAR is far engaged towards Persia its chief City being so called which is great Candahar and of some Trade BVCKOR hath for its chief City Buckor-Suckor Buckor which lies along the River Indus which runs through the Province which makes it very fertil The City is of an indifferent extent and of some Trade TATTA Tatta whose chief City bears the same name is divided by the River Indus into several Isles In this City and Province are held to be the most industrious Tradesmen of the whole Kingdom by reason of which here is found a good Trade drove by Merchants of several Countries Buckor there where the Rivers of Rawey and Caul fall into the Indus and between Multan and Tatta and Tatta where Sinde goes between Buckor and the Sea Lourebander and Diul serve for Ports to Tatta Lourebander there where the Indus begins to divide it self into several Branches Diul on the great Sea Moreover Diu and Diul are two different places being distant 150 Leagues from each other Diu in the Kingdom of Guzurate or Cambay belongs to the Portugals Diul in that of Tatta is the Great Mogolls who keeps there a Governour The Province of HAJACAN Westwards of the Indus of very small account Hajacan
Diamonds Pearls and other precious Stones Above the place where this Throne standeth is a Gallery where he sheweth himself everyday and receiveth the complaints of those who have received any injury but they must be sure to prove it else he runs a great hazard of his life to trouble him vainly But in his inner Lodgings there is no person to enter save the Eunuchs who wait upon the Ladies in his Seraglia which is about 1000. Among the several fair Structures which are within this great inclosure there is one great Tower rich without being covered with Gold but not to compare to the wealth within in which are 8 spacious Vaults which are filled with Gold Silver and Precious Stones of an Inestimable value Province of Agra This City of Agra gives name to a Province or Kingdom which is of a fertile Soyl and well peopled and frequented and ows its beauty and enlargement to Ekebar Emperor of the Mogolls The Palace of the Great Mogol as I said before is of 2 Leagues circuit the other Palaces of Princes and Lords which are also seated along the River stretching towards the North are all proudly built but not of so large an extent that of the Great Mogolls being the fairest richest and most magnificent of all the East On the other side is the City of Secandra about 2 Leagues long almost all inhabited by Merchants Fetipore that is Desire accomplished 12 Leagues from Agra and towards the West is likewise one of the works of Ekebar who having obtained Children to succeed his Estates caused this place to be built for pleasure with a very stately Palace and Musqueito or Temple but its ill Waters have caused it to be abandoned Biana to the West of Fetipore hath the best Wood of all India Scanderbad on the West of Bayana hath been the Residence of some Kings and the Castle above it is very advantagiously scituated where Xa Selim kept himself till such time as Ekebar had streightly besieged him and forced him to retire into the Mountains The name of this place and likewise this of Secandra directly opposite to Agra retain something of the name of Alexander Province of Lahor The Province of LAHOR or PENGAB is large very fertile in all sorts of Fruits and Grains which makes it considerable its chief City bears the name of the Province and I believe this City to be the same with Alexandria Bucephalus which Alexander the Great built and named of his name and that of his Horse Bucephalus The Ancients place it by the River Hydaspes which may at present be Bowey The City hath been so much enlarged by Xa Selim that it contains 24 Leagues of circuit It is very pleasantly seated especially towards the River on which it hath many delightful Gardens Its Fortress is good is adorned with many stately Palaces and great Houses where their Nobles and persons of quality reside among others that of the Kings which is though seated within the City yet separated from it with a high Wall being magnificent and adorned with great quantities of fair Pictures Here is also by reason the Inhabitants are Mahometans abundance of Mosques and Bathing-places for their ordinary purifications which is a ceremony much used amongst them Here it is by many thought that Noah seated himself after his coming out of the Ark and likewise that from hence Ophir and Havilah Sons of Joktan removed towards the Ganges and Malacca This Province is esteemed one of the most pleasant Countreys in all India being so well shaded with Mulberry and other Trees whose verdure is no less delightful to the eye of the beholder then refreshing to the wearied Traveller under whose Boughs he may rest and shade himself from the shallure of the Sun At Fetipore not far from Lahor the Sultan Gansron the Son of Selim but a Rebel was by his Father defeated from whence the place had its name which signifies Desire accomplished As the other Fetipore near Agra was built by Ekebar after having obtained Children to succeed him in his Estates This Countrey bears the name of Peng-ab that is five Waters by reason it is watred with five different Rivers Province of Delly The Province of DELLY gives name to its capital City which is on the Road from Lahor to Agra watred by the River Gemini or Semena Before the Mogolls descended into all these quarters the Kings of India made it their Residence were here Crowned and here had their Tombs There are yet found some very fair Obelisques believed to have been erected in the time of Alexander the Great and the Greeks Kingdom of Bengala The Kingdom of BENGALA occupies all the lower part of the Ganges and may be divided into three parts Prurop on this side the Ganges Patan beyond it The particular name of Bengala may be given to that which lies between the Branches of the Ganges and along the Coast This Kingdom hath been divided into 12 Provinces which have been so many Kingdoms and which took their names from their principal Cities but we have no certain knowledg either of their names or situations Bengala likewise is placed by some between the Branches of the Ganges by others beyond it Some esteem Chatigan its chief City when as others will have it to be Goura on the Ganges higher in the Land and more then 100 Leagues from the Sea However it be Bengala is of so great Traffick and so rich that the Kingdom and Gulf of Ganges on which it is at present is called the Kingdom and Gulf of Bengala The City of Chatigan is pleasantly seated on a fair and large River whose imbosure is not far distant from that of the Ganges This River hath so fierce a Current that Boats and Vessels without the help of Sails or Oars are driven in 24 hours about 100 Miles so that those who have no occasion to pass up and down this River are forced to fasten their Vessels to certain Trees or other things which are for the same purpose fixed along the shore By which means they are sheltered from the violence of the Tides which else would spoyl them Here are several other Cities as Ragmehel Daca Banara Tanda Patana Holobasse on the joyning of Gemini and Ganges is one of the fairest and greatest Cities of India and I esteem it in the place of the Ancient Palibothra where the streams of the Jomanes and Ganges do meet with other Cities of less note The extent of Bengala This Kingdom of Bengala extends it self 300 Leagues from East to West and sometimes 200 from North to South having no less then 150 Leagues of Coast which is much frequented by Merchants of several Countries which hither come for their Commodities which by reason of the temperatness of the Air and the fertility of the Countrey do here abound The Inhabitants are courteous Its Inhabitants but deceivers Their Kings have been esteemed as rich and as powerful as any in India Province
Gueyes Timocoves c. who have in part taken and received the manners and barbarousness of the Tartars their Neighbours Its parts and chief places Cochin-china likewise is divided into Chiampaa and Cochin-china Chiampaa between Camboja and Cochin-china regards the Isles of Sonde towards the South the Philippines towards the East and touches on Tunquin to the North. It s principal City bears the same name according to most Authors but according to others Pulocacein It hath nothing which is not common to Cochin-china and therefore we shall say no more Cochin-china particularly taken is better known than all the neighbouring Countries because it is wholly upon the Sea having 150 Leagues of Coast and not above 40 or 50 in breadth between the Mountains of Kemois a barbarous People and the Sea Its Provinces are descending from North to South Sinuva Cacciam Quangiva Quingin or Pulacambis and Ranran The two first touch upon Tunquin the last touch on the Kingdom of Chiampaa The King makes his ordinary residence in the Province of Sinuva or at Cacciam Cities of the same name with their Provinces It s fertility commoditiâ— temperature and people All the Country is fertil abounding in Rice Fruits and Herbs breeding many Fowls and Beasts and the Sea excellent Fishes It produces Cinnamon Pepper Lignum Aquilae Calamba and Benjamin It s temperature is pleasant though under the Torrid Zone the Air healthful and the Soil so abundant in all things that the Inhabitants have no knowledge either of Contagion or Famine They have Gold Silver Silk Porcelain and divers other valuable Commodities All sorts of Nations frequent its Coast by reason of the goodness of its Ports and because its Inhabitants are Courteous Liberal kind to Strangers and faithful in their dealings They are couragious and more warlike than those of Tunquin or China handling all sorts of Arms with no small activity They are Idolaters Christianity was introduced in 1620 and began to flourish but their Kings have of date very much persecuted them Amongst the particularities and rarities of the Country we must place the Lutt an Inundation which in Autumn covers with its Waters almost all the Country it renews from 15 to 15 days remaining only 3 days at a time making the Earth so fruitful that it brings forth its increase twice or thrice a year Their Saroy-Boura Several Rarities here found or matter wherewith certain Swallows make their Nests which after those Birds leave dry and hardned they gather in great quantities which being steeped and moistned in Water serves for Sawce to all sorts of Meat and as formerly Manna communicating such a variety of taste that it seems to be composed of Cinnamon Cloves Pepper and other Spices Their Lignum Aquilae and Calamba come from the same Tree the first from the Trunk of a young Tree the last from the Trunk of an old Tree but this last is much more esteemed than the other both for its odour and vertue A pound of it on the place where it is beaten down is worth 5 Ducats being brought to the Port 15 or 16 and if transported to Japan 200. If some piece be found to make a whole Pillar it is worth 3 or 400 Ducats the pound The Lignum Aquilae amongst other things serves to burn the dead Bodies of their Kings Princes and Priests Wood as heavy as Iron and which consumes not except burnt Among the Wood they use for Buildings there are two sorts which they call uncorruptible whether in Water or Earth their Trees they call Thins the Wood of the one is near as black as Ebony the other near the colour of Yew Both the one and the other taken out of the Bark is smooth and glib so solid and weighty that it sinks to the bottom of the Water and serves also for Anchors for Ships They make Pillars on which they erect their Buildings and before the time of the Lutt they drive Joists and Planks between those Columns and with Canes and Reeds accommodate divers Apartments which they take away in the time of those Inundations that the Water may run the freer TVNQVIN THe Kingdom of TVNQVIN is part on the Sea and part on the Main Land The Kingdom of Tunquin its bounds extent and scituation it bounds on the Sea at the bottom of the Gulph of Cochin-china there where it divides China from Cochin-china and hath about 150 Leagues of Coast On the Land it extends it self from the seventeenth degree of Latitude on this side the Equator unto the twenty third which are likewise 150 Leagues from North to South Its breadth being only about 100 Leagues from East to West Its Parts This Kingdom contains Seven Provinces of which the three most Southernly are Bochin Gehan and Tinhoa the four most Northernly are Beramar Kedom Kenam and Kethay Bochin touches on Cochin-china and the two other advance along the Gulph towards the North amongst the four last Beramar and Kedun are towards China Kenan and Kethay towards the People Layes The King very powerful The King of Tunquin ordinarily entertains a Militia of 50000 Men taken from the three Southernly Provinces and paid by the four Northern because these last lately revolted and the other remained in obedience It s chief Places Kecchio is the chief City of the Kingdom where the King ordinarily resides It is not above twenty miles in circuit but hath a Million of Inhabitants Some Authors will have it called Tunquin that is the Court of the West and that the Kingdom took its name from it The Land hath beautiful Plains and watered with many great Rivers which with the Rains and melting of the Snow which descends from the Mountains that separates it from the Layes the Kingdom of Ciocangue China and Cochin-china make it fruitful by their Inundations rendring it better and more abundant than Cochin-china Yet hath it neither Corn Vines nor Olive Trees It s fertiliy and commodities but they gather Rice twice a year of which they make Bread they fetch in Wine and instead of Oil make use of the matter taken from Swallows Nests of which they have no less quantity than Cochin-china They have neither Asses nor Sheep but many Horses Elephants and Rhinocerotes whose Flesh Skins Bones Teeth Nails and Horns serve for Antidotes against Poyson they have so much Pullain Pigeons Turtles and other Fowl that they give them almost for nothing Amongst their Fruits they have fair Pomgranates which beyond the ordinary excellency of that Fruit hath here a particular and delightful Juice For Fish they make account that in the Seasons there daily goes 10000 Barks out of their Ports to Fish They embrace Christianity The Catholick Religion was so introduced here some years past that there was esteemed to be more than 200000 Christned Souls 200 great Churches and a great quantity of Chapels and Oratories there hath since happened divers changes In these Kingdoms the Portugals have several
fertile as that of Pequin neither is it so large so populous nor so pleasant yet with the industry of the Inhabitants it produceth Corn Rice and Mayz but in recompence it breeds great quantity of Cattle and hath so many Vines that it furnishes the whole Kingdom with Pickled Grapes and Raisins It hath likewise two sorts of Mines the one of Brimstone the other of Stones which burn and may be called Coals In the Sulphur Mines they make little holes to draw out heat enough to boyl any thing they need The Mines of Coals are inexhaustible encreasing from time to time and these Coals well prepared will keep fire day and night without being touched In this Province are about 90 Cities and great Towns six of which are of considerable note as 1 Sciansi 2 Taven 3 Lugan 4 Talong 5 Pingans 6 Suchio all which are well built and very populous The Province of Sciensi described The Province of SCIENSI or XEMSI which Purchas calls Soyohin Mendoza Sinsay is the most Westward of all the Six Northern Provinces and the greatest of all the 16 Provinces Siganfu is esteemed its chief City the great Mountain and Wall doth bound it from the Tartars the Soyl is dry yet yields good store of Wheat Mayz and Barley but little Rice it feeds much Cattle and the Sheep are sheared thrice a year in Spring Summer and Autumn their first shearing is the best It yields Musk which is the Navel of a Beast of the bigness of a Hinde They have Gold which they gather amongst the Sand of the Rivers for the Mines though it hath some yet they are not open It produceth divers Perfumes and Rhubarb which they carry into Persia and other places And it is through this Province that the Caravans come from the West This Province is very populous and is well stored with great Towns and Cities having 8 great Cities as 1 Siganfu its Metropolis afore spoken of 2 Jengun 3 Pingleang 4 Pichin 5 Lynyao with a great many of less note The Province of Honan and its chief places The Province of HONAN which Purchas calls Oyman is very fertile and the Climate very temperate the freest from Mountains and the farthest from the Sea It produceth the best Fruits in the World as well those known to us in Europe as others and that in so great quantity that they are scarce valued The River of Caramoran after having divided the Provinces of Sciansi and Sciensi takes its course through the middle of Honan and discharges it self into the Sea by the Province of Nanquin It comprehendeth 7 great Cities the chief of which bears the name of the Province it s other chief places are 1 Temâ—chio 2 Caifung 3 Nanyang and 4 Chinchio besides about One hundred less ones all well inhabited Hitherto we have surveyed the six Northern Provinces of China we come now to the 10 more to the South The Province of Nanquin its Cities The Province of NANQVIN is the fairest and richest and its Inhabitants the most civilised of all the Kingdom and the Kings of China did alwaies make their residence at Nanquin till of late they have made it at Pequin It comprehends 14 great and fair Cities viz. 1 Vmthienfu or Nanquin which is the Metropolis of the Province 2 Chicheu 3 Lucheu 4 Funiam and 5 Zanuchi all which are very populous some of which have about 200000 people which only work in making of Calicoes All which are commodiously seated on arms of the Sea which make several Isles And beside these Cities there are about 100 small ones of less note I shall only speak something of Nanquin The City of Nanquin described Vmthienfu or Nanquin as we call it yet ceases not to be the greatest fairest and richest City of the whole Kingdom next to Pequin The form and Symmetry of its Buildings in its Palace in its Temples in its Gates in its Towers and in its Bridges as likewise in its publick and particular Houses and their Ornaments are wonderful It is situate upon the River of Batampina and upon an indifferent high Hill so that it commands all the Plains there adjacent The circumference is 8 Leagues 3 long and 1 broad all encompassed with a strong Wall of hewed Stone about which there are 130 Gates at each of which there is kept a Porter with two Halberdiers whose Office is to take the names of every one that passes every day in and out and besides the strong Wall there are for further defence 12 Forts or Cittadels In this City there are accounted above 800000 Houses besides 80000 Mandarins Houses 60 great Market places 130 Butchers Shambles each containing about 80 Shops 8000 Streets whereof 600 are fairer and larger then the rest all which are broad straight and well disposed and are compassed about with Ballisters of Copper The Houses are about two stories high and built of Wood except those of the Mandarins which are composed of Hewed Stone and encompassed with Walls and Ditches over which they have Stone Bridges with rich Gates and Arches The Houses or rather Palaces of the Chaems Auchacys Aytans Tutons and Chumbims which are Governors of the Kingdoms or Provinces of the Empire of China under the Emperor are stately Structures of about 6 or 7 stories high and richly adorned with Gold in which are kept their Magazins for Arms Ammunition as also their Treasuries their Wardrops and their Fine Porcelain which by them is so highly esteemed Here are about 2300 Pagodes a thousand of which were Monasteries for Religious Persons which are exceeding rich Here are also about thirty great Prisons which will contain about two or three thousand Prisoners a-piece Also a great Hospital for the relief of the Poor At the entrace of every principal Street for the security of the Inhabitants there are Arches and Gates which are kept shut every hight and in most of the chief Streets are pleasant Fountains In this City there is accounted about ten thousand Trades for the working of Silks which from thence are sent all over the Kingdom which at every New and Full Moon amongst divers other Commodities are vended at Fairs in several places of the City It s Traffick and Commerce bring thither so great a multitude of People that its Streets are scarce able to be passed for the throng Its Commodities and Manufactures are in so great esteem that they utter better then others and all the neighbouring Countries make a great number of Manufactures The Revenue which the King receives from this Province is exceeding vast the Inhabitants paying into his Exchequer Sixty Millions of Crowns yearly besides great Excises upon all Commodities if Mandelsloe may be believed and if he receiveth so much out of one Province judge what a vast Revenue he hath from all the Provinces many of which are no ways inferior to this The Province of Chequian The Province of CHEQVIAN which Purchas calls Essiram passes likewise for one of the
whom they so much reverence that they call him the shadow of Spirits and Son of the Immortal God and esteem him the Monarch of the whole World In their execution of Justice they are very severe punishing every small offence with sudden death His Revenue without doubt must be very great The Revenue of the Cham. for besides the sole trade of Pearl-fishing which upon pain of death none dares to fish for besides those employed by him also all the Gold and Silver that is either found in or brought into the Kingdom he doth assume to himself as also the Tenth of all things that the Country doth produce and also what else he thinketh fit as being as I said before Lord over them all Here the Men have the liberty of 2 or 3 Wives which they never choose but out of their own Tribe and every Tribe hath a Chief who is one of the Nobility of the Country and carries for his Banner a Horses-Tail fastned to a Half-Pike and died of the colour belonging to his Tribe Their Forces As concerning the Forces that the Great Cham is able to raise they may be supposed to be very great by that which may appear by Tamerlanes Army which consisted of a 1200000 Horse and Foot besides if we consider what a disturber he hath been and how he hath enlarged his Territories of his Neighbours as the Chinois the Moscovites c. we may judge him powerful but as his power is great on Land it is as weak by Sea scarce being Master of any Ships and as little doth he regard them though other Princes esteem them as a great security to their Kingdom Tartary divided into parts I shall divide Tartary into five principal Parts which are Tartaria the Desart Vsbeck or Zagathay Turquestan Cathay and the True Tartaria the first and last are the most Northern barbarous and unknown The others more Southerly are better civilized and known having abundance of fair Cities and driving a good Trade TARTARIA the Desart answers to the ancient Scythia intra Imaum Vsbeck or Zagathay to the ancient Bactriana and Sogdiana both the one and the other new Name retaining in my opinion something of the ancient Sogdiana of Zagathay and Bactriana of Vsbeck Turquestan to the ancient Scythia extra Imdum Cathay is the Serico Regia As for the True Tartary it is unknown unto the Ancients or at least it holds the most Northern part of the one and the other Scythia Tartaria Deserta its bounds Tartaria Deserta is bounded on the West with the Rivers Volga and Oby which divides it from Moscovy on the East by Mount Imaus which separates it from the True Tartaria and from Turquestan on the North by the Septentrional Ocean on the South by the Caspian or Tabarestan Sea by the River Chesell and by certain Mountains which joyn themselves with Imaus and divide it from Vsbeck or Zagathay All the Country is inhabited by Peoples or Tribes which are Troops or Bands which they call Hordes having very few Walled places whither they only retire themselves when forced for they have no settled stay or abode It s People and the manner of their abode but wandring perpetually carrying and driving with them their Tents Chariots Families and all they possess stopping only there were they find the best food for their Cattel to which as also in Hunting and War they most addict themselves They Till not the Earth though it be good and fertil and hence it is that this is called Tartary the Defart The chief places in this part are 1. Cumbalich seated on a Lake 2. Gerstina seated between the two other Lakes which are conjoyned together by a River 3. Jerom on a branch of the River Oby 4. Risan seated on the River Jaick 5. Frutach 6. Centan 7. Caracus 8. Organci and 9. Davasi The People that inhabit in this part have their rise from three several Originals which are disposed of into many several parts as 1. The Circassians which are for the most part Christians and border upon the Euxine Sea 2. The Samoyeds who are altogether Idolaters inhabiting towards the Northern Ocean and 3. Tartars which are Mahometans and seated betwixt both the other And those again are subdivided into divers Tribes or Hordes the chiefest of which are 1. The Nagajan Tartars The Nagajan Tartars c. which are held to be more fierce and cruel and better Warriers than the other Tartars but void of all Arts despising Mony or the use of Corn accounting Mares-milk and House-flesh their best dyet which they are not over-curious in dressing it sufficing if it is only heated though with the Sun and this Horde paies yet some Tribute to the great Duke of Moscovy to whom likewise part of this Tartaria Desert a belongs 2. The Thumenenses who are also a warlike People and much addicted to Divinations and Sorceries 3. The Zavolhenses are very powerful The Kirgessi are also very strong and warlike they are partly Gentiles and partly Mahometans They care not to bury their Dead because of their so after removing thinking never to see them more and so leaving them hanging upon Trees The Country is very fertil if tilled being fit to produce several good Commodities and is also very fit for Traffick having commodious Havens and if they would addict themselves to it would soon gain a good Trade with several other Nations VSBECK or ZAGATHAT Usbeck id bounds extends it self from the Caspian Sea unto Turquestan and from Persia and India unto Tartaria Deserta possessing all that is upon the Rivers of Chesel and of Gehan or Albiamu It s People are the most civil and ingenious of all the Western Tartars It s people fierce in War being strong and active patient in labour not much addicted to vices Thest they punish severely they have a great trade with the Persians Their trade to whom they have sometimes been Subjects sometimes Enemies and sometimes in good Intelligence and with the Indians where they have likewise something to do and with Cathay where they utter their much prized Manna bringing back Silk which they make into Manufactures and sell in Moscovy This part of Tartary did contain several Provinces 1. Zagathay especially so called 2. Sacoe 3. Sogdiana with some other of less note in all which are not many considerable Cities the most famous of which are Sâ—narcand which was both the Cradle and Grave to Tamberlan the Great from whom the Great Mogolls boast themselves to be lineally descended who enriched it with the fairest Spoils of Asia and adorned it with an Academy yet in some repute among the Mahometans Also Bachara and Budaschan and also Balick according to some but which I esteem in Chorasan which hath divers times been in the hands of the Chams of Vsbeck Badaschian is likewise on the Frontiers of Chorasan Bochara or Bachara where lived Avicenna one of the most famous Philosophers and Physicians of all the East
Bodies and call the Isles of Japan those which are on the East of China the Philippine Isles those which are likewise on the South East of China the Isles of the Moluccoes those which are to the South of the Philippines the Isles of the Sound those which are to the West of the Moluccoes and I put for the fifth Ceylan and the Maldives which are East and South-East from Cape Comori the utmost point of Malabar There are moreover many Isles which belong to Asia but not to compare with these of which we shall also speak a word as occasion offers The Isles of Japan are on this side the Tropick of Cancer the Philippines between the Tropick and the Equinoctial Line the Moluccoes the Isles of the Sound and the Maldives are about this Line returning from East to West The Isles of JAPAN or JAPON The Isles of Japan WE call the Isle or Isles of Japan a certain multitude of Isles and of different bigness which are on the East of China distant from it about 100 Leagues and so are seated in the most Oriental part of our Continent They stretch together in length about 300 Leagues from West to East and from South to North 40 50 60 and sometimes 100 Leagues in breadth Amongst these Isles there are 3 very considerable The first and which is much greater then the two others is called by us Japan or Japon by its Inhabitants Hippon or Niphon which signifies The Spring of Light or of the Sun A name proper for it since it lies to the East and Sun-rising of all Asia and of all our Continent The second is called Ximo that is a Low Countrey or Saycock that that is Nine Kingdoms The last Tokoesi or Xicoco that is Four Kingdoms We must likewise make account that these three great Isles are cut asunder by several Channels which divide them into several Isles but because these Channels are very narrow these parts are esteemed pieces contigious in regard of the others where the Channels or rather the Arms of the Sea which divide them are much larger They have all those Fruits Trees Herbs and Beasts which we have in Europe with several others not known amongst us as also abundance of several Fowls both tame and wild the surface of the Earth is well clothed with Woods and Forests in which are found very lofty Cedars and the bowels of the Earth stored with divers Metals as Gold Silver Copper Tin Lead Iron c. though not so good as in the Indies except it be their Silver which is excellent and abundant Their Pearls are great red and of no less esteem then the white ones These with several Manufactures which are her◠made are the chief Commodities of this Island Chief places Meaco described In this Island are several Cities of some note as 1 Meaco seated in the midst of the great Isle of Japan a fair and large City formerly 21 miles in compass but now by reason of their Wars it is reduced to the third part of what it was in which the Jesuites did formerly esteem it to have 180000 Houses and judged it to have near 100000 when they were there This City is the ordinary residence of the Triumviri or the three principal Magistrates which rule or sway the affairs of these Islands of whom the first is entituled the Dayri or Voo that is the Emperor who hath the care of Civil Affairs the second is the Cube or King of Tenza who is chief of the Militia managing the Affairs of Peace or War and thirdly the Zazo or Xaca who is chief in Religion and Sacred matters The City is divided into the higher and lower the one and the other together were not above 20000 paces long and 8 or 10000 paces large The Palace of the Dayri was in the higher City great The Palace of the Dayri stately and adorned with all things which may add to its luster and the Houses or Palaces of his Conges with the Houses of the chief Lords of all Japan were about that of the Emperor The lower City was almost contigious to Fuximi which serves for a Fortress to Meaco This City as most of all those in these Islands are unwalled but its Streets in the night are chained up and a Watch of two men at each end of every Street who are to give account of the transactions that happen in the night Its Streets are large and well composed its Houses well built and most of Wood all their Pagodes are made of Wood they are neither large nor high and in these Pagodes they have several ill-shapen Figures to which they address their Prayers and bestow on them great gifts in way of Alins which their Priests make use of Nobunanga was the first that lessened this City which he did by burning a part of it in 1571 and since it hath received divers jostlings of ill fortune 2. Amangucki a Maritime City and the fairest of the Kingdom of Nangato hath been formerly well known for its Trade containing few less then 10000 Families It was burned in 1555 during some revolt it was builded again and again burnt and afterwards rebuilt These fires happen often in Japan the greatest part of their building being of Wood but the wood is very near and curious marbled c. Nangasaki was the most famous of the Isles of Saycock and there are a great number of fair Cities through all Japan Amongst these Cities that of Sacay on the South of Meaco which Ferdinand Mendez Pinto provided that he doth not lie says he hath known not to have depended upon any King or Lord but was governed of it self in form of a Republick created all its Magistrates and Officers and he assures us that all the Masters of Families rich or poor make themselves be called Kings and Queens and their Children Princes and Princesses This liberty and vanity is observable if it be true The City of Yendo Mandelssos in his Book of Travels makes mention of a City called Yendo which he makes to be a fair large and well built City in which he saith there is a Castle about two Leagues in compass being strongly fortified with 3 Walls and as many Moats The building is very irregular but fair having to the Walls abundance of Gates Within the last Gate he saith there is a Magazin of Arms for 3 or 4000 men on which all the Streets that are fair and broad take their rise 〈◊〉 in which said Streets on both sides are many magnificent Palaces for the Nobles In the midst of this Castle is seated the Emperors Palace having belonging to it many stately edifices and apartments as Halls Chambers Galleries Gardens Orchards Groves Fish-Ponds Fountains Courts c. as also several Select Houses for his Wives and Concubines And here is his ordinary Residence being in the Province of Quanto about 120000 paces from Meaco between which are abundance of stately and magnificent Palaces and Houses for the
Buildings have neither Morter nor Plaister here they build not without both They despise all Precious Stones and esteem more their Vessels of Earth which serve to keep their Drink which we make little esteem of but much value Precious Stones They drink nothing but what is hot those most delicate with us is cool Their Physick is sweet and odoriferous ours bitter and unpleasant They never let their sick Blood which with us is very common upon the least occasion These with several other customs contrary to ours do they observe amongst them which are too long to set down Nor want they fine Reasons to sustain their Customs better then ours they say we must conserve our Blood as one of the principal sustainers of our Life that we must not give a sick person that which is displeasant troublesom and sometimes affrights him to see much more to drink or eat that hot water augments the natural heat opens the conduits and quenches thirst that cold closes the Pores begets the Cough weakens the Stomach and quenches natural heat that their Vessels of which they make such esteem are necessary for many things in a Family which Precious Stones are not that their buildings may be easily taken down carried other where and erected in another manner when they will which ours cannot c. Amongst their Manners there are some very good they hate Games of Hazard they are very patient in bad fortune they maintain themselves honestly in their Poverty suffer hot themselves to be transported with Passion speak not ill of the absent know not what it is to swear lye or steal suffer easily all incommodities of heat cold famine or thirst yet all this rather to get the honor of being esteemed constant and vertuous then being so truly for they are subject to Vices as well as their Neighbors But lot us leave their Manners and speak a word of their Government which of late hath encountred a diversity and deserves to be known The general Estate of all these Isles was not long since divided into 66 Kingdoms of which the Isle of Japan alone had 47 which with some little Neighbouring Isles was made up 53 that of Ximo or Saycok had 9 according to its name and Chicock the other four The Estate of these Isles At present the order is much changed the whole Estates are fallen into the hands of one alone as it hath been formerly and is divided into 7 Provinces or principal parts and those 7 parts subdivided into many others which ought to pass under the name of Lordships some of which yet retain the name of Kingdoms others of Dutchies Principalities c. Those which command in the lesser parts are called generally Tones Caron ranges them in six different degree and calls them Kings Dukes Princes Knight-Barons Barons and Lords which according to our degrees of honour are distinguished by Kings Princes Dukes Marquisses Earls and Barons Caron makes 21 Kings some of which possess 1 or 2 and some 3 and in all 30 and odd of the 66 ancient Kingdoms After the Kings he puts 4 Dukes 6 Princes 17 Knight-Barons 50 Barons and 41 Lords giving each a Revenue of at least 100000 Livers per annum and so augmenting to the greatest to whom he gives 10 Millions and more and makes account that the Cube or Cesar of Japan spends at least 100 Millions of Crowns yearly as well in the expence of his house as in his Militia and what he disburses to the Tones The parts of Japan The names of the 7 principal parts into which the Estate of Japan is divided are Saycock Xicoco Jamasoit Jetsengo Jetsegen Quanto and Ochio Saycock with the Isles which belong to it is the nearest to China Chicock is on the East of Saycock the other five parts are in the great Island and extend themselves advancing from East to West Jamosoit being the most Western part of all and answering to the 12 Kingdoms which the King of Nangato or Amanguci hath formerly possessed Jetsenco and Jetsegen together make the middle of the great Island and apparently that which passed under the name of Tenza and contained 20 others Quanto and Ochio advance themselves from the East unto the streight of Sangaar which divides Japan from the Land of Jesso of which more anon Quanto comprehended 8 Kingdoms and Ochio the rest and in these parts there are abundance of Cities and Towns which I have observed in my Geographical Tables But because the diversity of names of Dayri or Emperor of Cube or Cesar of Tones or Kings Princes Dukes c. may breed some confusion to give a more particular knowledge we will say succinctly that before the year 1500 there was in all Japan only one Soveraign which they called Voo or Dayri that is Emperour The Isle or Land of JESSO The Isle of Jesso AFter the Isles of Japan let us speak a word of the Isle or Land of Jesso Yedzo or Jesso for divers Authors write its name differently some calling it the Isle some the Land abovesaid and to the East of Japan in the manner that the English Portugals and Hollanders deseribe it this Land must extend from Asia to America They say that from Tessoy which is the most Western point of it opposite to Coray and near Tartary advancing towards the East it is 60 days journey to the Province of Matzumay and that from Matzumay unto the most Easterly point and neerest America it is likewise 90 days journey so that it is 150 days journey from one end to the other which after only 8 Leagues a day will be 1200 of our Leagues It s breadth is not spoke of The streight of Tessoy The Streight of TESSOY which separates this Isle from Tartary hath great currents caused by the discharging of several Rivers which come rom the Northern parts and from Tartary and Jesso The other streight which separates it from America may in all likely-hood be that Anian and those two streights limit the two extremities of Jesso towards the midst must be the Province of Matzumay and apparently beyond the Streight which separates the Isle of Japan from the Land of Jesso and this streight may be called the streight of Sangaar which is the utmost East-Land of Japan The traverse or traject of this streight is not above 10 or 12 Leagues others say not above so many miles others there are affirm it no streight but an Isthmus which fixes Japan to Jesso and that both the one and the other together are but one Isle so difficult it is to find the truth of a thing so far distant This Isle or Land of JESSO is so great and vast that the Inhabitants cannot but have different manners those which are nearest Japan resembling the Japanois those which are near Tartary the Tartars and those near America their neighbouring Americans and in all likelihood they are more barbarous then all their neighbours Its Inhabitants They are all Idolaters
Provision very plentiful There grows neither Rice nor Wheat yet are Provisions better cheap than in the rest of the Indies They have Rice from the Continent and gather at home Millet in abundance and the Grain of Bunbi like to Millet but black They have much Fruit Citrons Pomegranates Oranges Bananes and above all so great abundance of that Nut of India called Cocos that no Country in the World hath so much All the Levant is furnished hence lading every year several Ships They have many Animals little Beef or Mutton no Dogs for they abhor them Quantity of Fish Shells pass instead of Money They have many little Shells which pass in many places for Money and they lade yearly 30 or 40 Ships with these Shells for Bengala only besides what they lade for other parts Their Tortoise Shells are much esteemed at Cambaya because they are smooth black and well figured with which they make Combs Cases of Looking-glasses c. Their Tavarcarre or Cocos particularly of the Maldives is very Medicinal and of greater value then their Amber-greece and their black Coral The King alone is to have this Tavarcarre and Ambergreece not permitting his Subjects to trade in it There is brought to the Maldives in exchange of their Commodities Rice Cloth Silk Cotton Oyl Areca Iron Steel Spices Porcelain Gold and Silver which come not thence again Its Inhabitants make use of all sorts of Arms yet their King is neither rich nor powerful except in his Isles and in regard of his own Subjects The Coco-Nuâ— and Tree of great use for several things Amongst the rarities of this Isle their Candou and their Coco's are observable They make Planks of the Wood of Candou with which they draw out of the Sea all sorts of weights though of 10000 pound Their Tree is as great as our Walnut-Tree leaved like the Aspin and as white but very soft It bears no Fruit they make Fisher-boats of it and with rubbing two pieces of this wood together kindle fire as we do with a Flint and Steel yet it neither burns nor consumes As for the Coco's or Walnut of India it furnishes them with all things necessary for mans life they extract from it Wine Honey Sugar Milk Oyl and Butter It s Kernels they eat instead of Bread with all sorts of Meat the Leaf being green serves for Paper to write being dry they fold it in little Bands and make Panniers Dossers Vmbrello's Hats Coverlids and Carpets the Sprig which is the middle of the Leaf being dry hardneth and of it they make Cabinets Chests and other Moveables of the Shell which incloses the Fruit they make Ladles Spoons Plates Cups c. They may build a whole House out of these Trees the Trunk may serve for Beams and Joynts the Branches cut in two or three for Pails to pail in Gardens or Houses and for Laths to cover them and the Leaves sewed together and disposed in ranks upon those Laths cast off the Water as well as our Tiles They build likewise many Ships only out of the Coco-Tree the Keel Sides Planks Pins Hatches Masts and Yards Cordage Anchors Sails and even all the Utensils of a Ship are taken from this Tree and sometimes their Lading whether for Provision or Moveables or to furnish Rigging for other Ships is likewise taken out of this Tree alone And so much for the Eastern Isles and all Asia AFRICA as it is divided into AFRICA or LIBYA Exteriour or Outward and comprehendeth BARBARY which containeth the Kingdoms of Morocco Morocco Fez Fez Sala Telensin Telensin Algier Algier Bugia Tunis Tunis Tripoli Tripolis Barca Barca Desart of Barca Ammon BILIDULGERID which containeth several Kingdoms and Provinces the chief of which are Sus or Tesset Tesset Darha Darha Segellomessa Segellomessa Tafilet Tafilet Tegorarin Tegorarin Zeb Nesta Bilidulgerid Fezzen Gademes EGYPT which is divided in Sayd or Bechria Cairo Errif Alexandria Rosetta Coast of the Red Sea Sues Grodol Interiour or Inwards and comprehendeth ZAARA or SAARA where are the Kingdoms and Cities of Zanhaga Tegassa Zuenziga Zuenziga Targa Targa Lempta Lempta Berdoa Berdoa Gaoga Goaga Borno Borno The Land of NEGROES where are the Kingdoms People or Countries On this side the Niger as of Gualate Gandia Genehoa Genehoa Tombut Tombotu Agades Agades Canun Cano. Cassena Cassena Gangara Gangara Between the branches of the Niger as of The Jaloses People Solul The Biatares People Biatares The Sousâ—s People Beria Beyond the the Niger as of Melli Melli. Mandinga Mandinga Gago Gago Guber Guber Zegzeg Zegzeg Zanfara Zanfara GUINEE with its Kingdoms Parts and chief Places of Melegutte Bugos Particular Guinee or the Ivory Coast St. George de la Minâ— Cape of Palmeâ— Benin Benin AETHIOPIA Higher or under Egypt and comprehendeth NUBIA where are the Kingdoms Countries and Cities of Bugia Bugia Jalac Jalac Nuabia Nuabia Dancala Dancala Cusa Cusa Gorham Gorham Damocla Damocla Somna Somna The Empire of the ABISSINES where are several Kingdoms Countries and Cities the chief of which are Tigremahon Chaxumo Barnagasso Barva Angota Angotina Dancala Degibeldara Amara Amara Bagamedri Beza Ambian Amasen Damute Damute Agag Agag Cafates Cafates Narea Zeb Ambiam Ambiam BARBARY or ZANGUEBAR which is divided into Zanguebar with its Kingdoms and Cities of Mozambique Quiloa Quilmanca The Coast of AJAN with its Kingdoms and Cities of Adea Adel Magadoxo The Coast of ABEX with its chief Places and Isles of Arquico Suaquen Lower or Interiour and comprehendeth CONGO with its several Kingdoms or Provinces the chief of which are Loango Loango Pemba Pemba Angola Engaze Bamba Bamba Songo Sonho The Coast and Country of CAFRES with its several Estates Kingdoms Capes Ports and Isles the chief of which are the Cape of Good Hope Cape of St. Nicholas Port of Carascalis Isles of St. Christophers Isles of St. Lucia MONOMOTAPA with its Kingdoms and chief Places of Monomotapa Monomotapa Butua Butua Monoemugi Agag Zesala Zesala In divers ISLES In the Mediterranean Sea Malta Valetta In the Western Ocean as the Canary Isles Canaria The Isles of Cape Verd St. Jago The Isles of St. Thomas Pavoasaâ— In the Eastern Ocean as Madagascar Vingagora Zocotora Zocotora A New MAPP of AFRICA Designed by Mounsi r Sanson Geograph r to the French King Rendered into English and Ilustrated with Figurs By Richard Blome By the Kings Especiall Command VOLO VALEO To The Right Honi ble Charles Howard Earle of Carlisle Viscount Morpeth Baron Dacres of Gisland Lord Leivtenant of Cumberland Westmoreland Vice Admirall of the Caost of Northumberland Cumberland Westmoreland Bishopricke of Durham Towne and County of Newcastle and Maritin parts adjacent 〈◊〉 of the Lords of his Maities most honble privy Councell This Mapp is most humbly D. D. by R. B. AFRICA AFRICA is a Peninsula so great that it makes the Third and most Meridional part of our Continent It approaches so near to Spain that only the Streight of Gibraltar divides them and touches so
large and well built seated in a spacious Plain which affordeth great plenty of Sugar 2. Messa at the flux or mouth of the River Sus it is composed of three little Cities walled apart and betwixt which the River passes 3. Tejent seated higher and on the same River on a spacious Plain is likewise composed of three Towns each distant a Mile from each other having their Temple common in the midst of the three 4. Tedsa beyond the River Tagavost containing about 8000 Houses its chief Ornament being a fair Mehometan Temple 5. Capo d' Aguer seated on a Promontory so called and is a place of great importance The Fortress and City of Guarguessen in the midst of the Coast and on a branch which this Mountain under the name of Idevacall stretches into the Sea belongs to the Crown of Portugal Province of Guzula its bounds and chief Places The Province of Guzula is to the East of Sus to the South of Hea and Morocco to the West of the Province or Kingdom of Darrha and to the North of Tesset Here are observed to be no walled Cities or Fortresses of note but it hath many Burroughs and Towns of 1000 or 1200 Houses where there are Markets kept thrice a week and a great Fair yearly which lasts two Months to which many People from most parts of Africa do resort The chief place bears the name of the Province the People are rude and barbarous and with much ado are subject to the King of Morocco In the Country are many rich Mines of Gold Brass Iron and other Metals Province of Morocco and and its chief Cities The Province of Morocco particularly so called lies all between the Rivers of Asifnuall and Tensift from their Springs at the Mount Atlas until they meet about 15 or 20 Leagues from the Sea Asifnual divides it from Guzula and Hea Tensift from Hascora and Ducala The City of Morocco is the chief of the whole Kingdom and hath been a long time in great esteem and once accounted the Metropolis of all Barbary and reckoned amongst the greatest Cities in the World At which time it had twenty four or twenty five Gates being in circuit 12 Miles and contained about one hundred thousand Families It is strongly girt about with Walls and adorned within with many publick and private Buildings as its Palace which they name the Alcasar Its Churches or Mosques are very fair especially one Morocco its Trade and Commodities which is held the greatest in the World seated in the midst of the City adorned with many sumptuous Pillars which were brought out of Spain when the Moors had the possession of the Country It hath a very large and strong Castle esteemed as big as a reasonable Town Here is also a Burse for Merchants who trade hither But of late by reason of the defacement and Spoils which it hath suffered by the Arabians together with the removal of the Seat Royal to Fez now the Metropolis of all Barbary it hath lost much of its splendor a great part of the City being deserted so that they make use of but 4 or 5 Gates neither is that part so populous rich nor hath so good a Trade as formerly 2. Agmett seated on a River of the same name and at the meeting of divers passages which descend from Mount Atlas in the Plains of Morocco hath been very fair and populous and its Hills and Valley about it so fertil and beautified with pleasant Gardens that it was called the Little Morocco at present it is almost Desart 3. Elgiumuha near the Mountain and on the River Secsiva 4. Imegiagen seated on a Mountain very steep on all sides And 5. Tenezze a Town of some note All which are strong places and very advantagiously scituated Province of Hea its fertility People and chief places HEA West of Morocco a Province Mountainous and Woody yet watered with many good Rivers the Soil indifferently fertil and would produce several good Commodities were it inhabited by industrious People these being a sort of idle and in a manner barbarous altogether ignorant of Arts except some Teachers of their Law which can hardly read as also some Chirurgions who are chiefly employed in the circumcision of their Children they are generally very courteous to Strangers but very contentious among themselves It s chief Cities are 1. Tednest once a place of good esteem seated on the River Savens 2. Hadequis 3. Teguleth and 4. Tejeut places of good note and Trade the first containing about 1000 Houses having the benefit of a good Port and beautified with a fair Mosque with some Hospitals But about the year 1500 they were much ruined by the Portugals in whose possession they are who have since somewhat added to its former Estate Tednest hath about 1600 Houses the most part Jews which are esteemed the chiefest In the Mountains Tesegdelt is most considerable containing above 1000 Families and well scituated its Walls being no other than thick Rocks So are Ileusugagen Tegtesse Eitdeset Culejat c. scituated upon Mountains and of good strength Tefethna on the Coast and at the Mouth of a River of the same name The Isle of Mogadour hath a Port where there is some Trade The Isle of Mogadour near the Cape of Ocem is distant from the Coast two little Leagues The Kings of Morocco have built here a Fortress to keep some Mines of Gold and Silver which are in the neighbouring Mountains It s Mountains west inhabited The Mountains of Aidvacall or Idevacall near Cape de Guer of Demensera near the Province of Guzula and Gebel el Haden near the Tensit take up a part of the Province and are so well inhabited that the last can set forth 12000 fighting Men the first 20000 and the other 25000. Provinces of Hascora and Teldes and their chief places North of the Province of Morocco are those of Hascora and Teldes separated the one from the other by the River Quadel Habid Tefza is the chief City of Teldes and near the River Derna which falls into the Ommiraby a rich City built by the old African Moors and beautified with many Mahometan Mosques and its Walls were made of a kind of Marble 2. Elmadine is the chief City of Hascora It s People peopled with about 10000 Families scituate in a pleasant Valley and begirt with Hills it is well built its Inhabitants are civil ingenious and addict themselves to Arts Traffick and Manufactures the Women are fair as in 3. Tagodaft which is on a Mountain whose Foot is washed with many little Streams which water their Gardens 4. Elgiumuha towards the South built by the People and in a like scituation with Tagodaft And 5. Bzo likewise a City of some Trade Between the Mountains Teldes hath more than 50 walled Towns built near the streams of the River Darha These Provinces are fertil having rich Fields feed a great quantity of Goats of whose Skins are made the
little favourable encounters thereabout In the end he happily defeated both Scipio and Juba near to Thapsus now Elmedia and after that defeat Cato despairing slew himself at Vtica now Benserta Scipio saved himself in some Ships but being met by Caesars Fleet passing his Sword through his Body he precipitated himself into the Sea Juba would have retired to Zama where he had left his Wives Children and Treasures but Zama having refused to open him the Gates He and Petrejus retired into a House in the Fields where they killed themselves During this War and almost upon the landing of Caesar hapned near Hammametha a thing incredible which was that 30 Gaul-Horsmen assaulted a Post of 2000 Moorish Horse put them to rout and pursued them into the City For Zama or Zama Regia it is far distant from the position which Ptolomy gives it and from that of Ortelius which we at other times and which all others have since followed This Author places it 500000 Paces from Carthage and 600000 from Adrumetum but it appears both by the Roman History and by the Itinerary Table not to be distant from Carthage above 100 or 120000 Paces and from Adrumetum 100000 Paces or little more The Governments or Cities of Bigge and urbs BEGGE or Beija and VRBS this in the Road from Tebessa to Tunu that in the way from Constantina to Tunis are both seated in fair Plains so fertil in Grains particularly Begge that those of Tunis say that if they had two Begges they would yield as many Corns as there is Sand in the Sea and nigh to Vrbs is Camud Arbes Musti and Marmagen all fair Cities The Government or City of Cayroan CAYROAN of old Thesdrus ought as it seems to be among the Maritim Governments since it holds on the Coast Tobulha Asfachusa and some other places but its principal place being on the main Land its Government is likewise esteemed to be within the Land This City is seated in a Sandy-plain which affords neither Grain Fruit nor scarce any Water but what is preserved in Cisterns it is about 100 miles from Tunis and about 36 from any part of the Sea It was first built by Hucha who was the first that conquered Africk for the Saracens who adorned it with a stately Mosque supported on Pillars of Marble of which two or three are very fair ones and of a prodigious greatness who also placed in it a Colledge of Priests and now in much esteem being the residence of a High Priest of the Law of Mahomet and to this place from all parts of the Country the Corps of their chief Men are brought to be interred who believe that by the Prayers of those Priests they shall find a shorter way to Heaven than if interred at any other place Its Inhabitants are now reduced to about 4 or 500 Families Not far from Cayroan Mountains of Zaghoan and Gueslet are the Mountains of Zaghoan and Gueslet the last not above 12000 Paces distant both the one and the other have divers foot-steps of Roman Buildings But I believe it was from the last that Scipio considered the Battel between Massinissa King of Numidia and Asdrubal chief of the Carthaginians and of this encounter Scipio would sometimes say to his Friends That he was the third who had had the pleasure to see a famous Battel without having run any resigoe to wit Jupiter from the top of Mount Ida and Neptune from some eminence in the Isle of Samothrace who beheld the Battels between the Trojans and Greeks and himself this between Massinissâ— and the Carthaginians The other Cities of this Kingdom of Tunis and towards Billedulgerid are Caffa Hama Techios Neifa and Nafta The Kingdom of TRIPOLI Kingdom of Tripoli THE Kingdom of TRIPOLI takes up the just moiety of the Coast of Barbary from Capes unto Egypt and divides it self into two principal parts or Provinces which bear likewise the Title of Kingdoms to wit Tripoli and Barca Tripoli is between the two Syrtes now the Sands or Banks of Barbary These are Gulphs of different greatness but of the same nature infamous for the Shipwreck of Vessels lost on their Flats or Rocks among which the depth of the Water is very unequal and changes often there being sometimes much sometimes a little and sometimes none at all The Little Syrtes now the Gulph of Capes separates Tripoli from Tunis The Great Syrtes now the Gulph of Sydra divides it from Barca this towards the East the other towards the West and on the South it is bounded with Billidulgerid and on the North with the Mediterranean Sea It s principal Cities are El-Hamma Capes Zoara the two Tripolies Old and New Sarmana Lepeda c. 1. El-Hamma is in the Land It s chief places and people Capes and the rest on the Sea between El-Hamma and Capes is a Lake excellent against Leprosie 2. Capes of Old Tacapa hath good Walls and a good Castle but its Port dangerous and incapable to receive either many or great Vessels it is scituate at the fall of the River Triton into the Lesser Syrtes 3. Zoara of old Pisida between Capes and Tripoli hath its Land so dry that the Inhabitants are forced to water it and yet will scarce produce any thing save Barley and some Fruits among which Lotos with which they make an excellent Metheglin but it lasts good not above 9 or 10 days Flesh is here very scarce they not having wherewith to feed Beasts The Arabs frequent their Markets and serve them with Wools wherewith they make Cloaths and other Manufactures 4. Tripoli the Old of old Sabrata and which the Arab of Nubia calls the Tower of Sabrat hath only some Hamlets and Remnants of fair and stately Edifices 5. The New Tripoli of Old Oea is better maintained Tripoli and the Trade thereof though it hath many Ruins by reason of the divers changes it hath had The disposition of its places Streets and the order of its Buildings is agreeable being adorned with many fair Mosques Colledges Hospitals c. The Inhabitants subsisted only on their Commerce which is of what they got from their Palm-Trees Lotos and Linnen-Cloth which they uttered in Africa Sicily and Malta besides their black and Ethiopian Slaves which they sold till of late they have much enriched themselves by Piracy it being the usual retreat for Pirates who infest these Seas and do much mischief to Christian Merchants on the Coasts of Italy Sicily and elsewhere 6. Lepeda is in some repute as it was in the time of the Arab of Nubia and more under the Romans Farther is the Great Syrtes at the bottom of which is the Isle Sydra which communicates its name to the Gulph and on the Firm Land are the Tombs of Philenes or Arae Philenarum which set the Limits between Africa and Libya and afterwards between the Estates of the Carthaginians and the Cyrenians and in fine of the Eastern Empire against that of the West
And 7. Sebeicum a City near the Sea-shoar nigh to which are three small Isles Along the Coast are some Isles among which that of Gerbes is well known The Isle of Gerbes described formerly it was joyned to the Firm Land by a Bridge It had two Cities now hath nothing but one Castle worth notice and many Hamlets which gather little Corn but much Fruits among the rest Lotos so sweet and pleasant that the Companions of Vlysses having tasted them sought no longer to go into their Country This Isle hath about 18000 Paces circuit yields one of the greatest Revenues to the King or Bassa of Tripoli by reason of the confluence of Merchants who fetch thence Cloth and divers Scuffs and carry them to Alexandria in Egypt c. one of the principal parts of the Revenue of the same Bassa is the Saffron of the Mountain of Garian which is on the South of Tripoli And this Saffron is found the fairest and the best of all others BARCA Barca on the Coasts of Barbary described THE rest of the Coast of Barbary is now known under the name of BARCA it is bounded on the East with Egypt on the South with the Desart of Nubia on the West with Tripoli and on the North with the Mediterranean Sea which is also some of its Western bounds The Ancients called it particularly Libya comprehending that which is farther in the Land and which we call the Desart of Barca and divided this Libya into the Cyrenaick the Marmarick and Libya Exteriour This last being the nearest to Egypt the Cyrenaick to Tripoli and the Marmarick resting for the middle Likewise the most Northern and Maritim part of the Cyrenaick hath passed under the name of Pentapolis because it had five fair Cities to wit 1. Bernichum 2. Torochara 3. Ptolemais now Ptolometa and 4. Boni-Andreas and these four are on the Sea the fifth Cayroan within Land This by much the most famous was a Colony of the Lacedemonians and hath yielded Learned Men Its scituation is on an eminence that discovers the Sea and its Campaign as of those other Cities is moistned by divers Waters and their Soil so fruitful that some have esteemed the Hesperian Gardens with their Golden Apples about Berenice It s other chief Towns and Cities are 1. Barca an Inland City of some account 2. Melela 3. Careora 4. Camera 5. Zunara 6. Avium and 7. Saline All Maritim Towns and Cities and of some account Battus gave the first beginning to Cyrene and he and his Successors reigned near 200 years after which the City was sometimes in Liberty and sometimes under Tyrannism Among which Nicocrates having put to death Phaedimus Husband of Aretaphila to espouse her she endured him sometime her Husband and that until she had occasion to gain the Brother of Nicocrates named Leander to whom she gave her Daughter in marriage and by his means rid her self of Nicocrates and soon after by the means of her Daughter of Leander also and so set the City at liberty which endured till the time of Alexander the Great when the Country fell to the Ptolomies Kings of Egypt afterwards to the Romans to the Soldans of Egypt and to the Turks having almost always followed the Fortune famous of this Quarter and hath given its name to the Kingdom The Arab of Nubia makes much account of it in his time and lays out divers ways and gives the distances from this place to others farther in the Desart Moreover this quarter of five Cities is called by some Mesrata and its Inhabitants esteemed rich The fertility of the Country its Trade and Commodities They trade both with the Europeans Negroes and Abissines fetch from them Gold Ivory Civet Musk and Slaves which they transport into Europe besides their Native Commodities and bringing from Europe Corn Linnen Woolen Cloth c. which they carry to the Negroes Abissines and elsewhere It s other chief places in the Kingdom of Barca are 1. Doera 2. Forcella 3. Salinae 4. Luchun 5. Solana 6. Musolomarus 7. Cartum 8. Albertonus 9. Roxa. 10. Raibba and 11. Ripaealba All Maritim Towns and Cities and most of which having good and commodious Roads Ports and Havens and well frequented and inhabited Between Cayroan and Alexandria there is on the Coast the Port of Alberton Paraetonium which is considerable both for its goodness and greatness And sometimes the Ancients have called it Ammonia because from hence was a way to the Temple of Jupiter Hammon This Temple hath been very famous among the Pagans Bacchus returning from Asia which he had overcome caused it to be built in honour of his Father who under the shape of a Ram had shewed him as he passed with his Army where to find Water in those Desarts and he first consulted the Oracle and put it in such repute that divers other Heroes afterwards consulted it Perseus when he was sent to fetch the Head of Medusa the Gorgon Hercules going from Mauritania where he had overcome Antaeus towards Egypt where he was to defeat Busiris Alexander the Great to make it believed he was likewise the Son of Jupiter and that the Empire of the World was destin'd to him But Cambyses the Son of Cyrus having a design to pillage this Temple beheld his Army perish in these Desarts and was saved himself only to see his own madness and to die unhappily by his own Weapon About this Temple there are some Springs of Running water and some Trees which makes this quarter pleasant Among these Waters that which they called the Fountain of the Sun had this particular quality that it was very hot at Midnight and very cold at Noon-day the cold increasing from Morning till Noon and diminishing until Evening and from thence the heat increasing till Midnight and diminishing until the Morning There were three several ways which they used ordinarily to go to this Oracle the shortest was by Alberton which as we have said was upon the Coast and from whence it was but 1300 Stadia which are about 162000 Paces Another way was from Cayroan from whence it was 3000 Stadia or 375000 Paces ' Pliny saith 400000 the difference is 25000 Paces The longest way was from Memphis from whence it was 3600 Stadia or 450000 Paces These are 180 Leagues for this last 150 or little more for the second and 65 for the first All these ways are very difficult the Country being only Desarts of Sands so dry that the Wind moves them like the dust of the High-way and that in so great a quantity that they are able to interr Carravans And if there be any Habitations in these Desarts and where there is any Springs of Water they are distant one from the other 40 50 60 sometimes a 100 Leagues and these Habitations have little or nothing since that of Hammon the most considerable is not above 80 Stadia or 4 Leagues circuit and yet it had a King a Great Priest c. The
Quarters of which Ydausquerit Extuca and Nun are on the Sea Tesset Guadenum Ifrena or Vfaran and Archa within the Land Each of these parts have many Cities It s chief places and its fertility Castles and Villages and the most part of its People are Bereberes Africans or Arabs 1. Ydausquerit is the best Quarter and the most fruitful yields Fruits sweet and sowr as Oranges Citrons c. Also Wheat Barley c. Feeds much Cattle among others multitudes of Horses can raise 5000 Horse and 30000 Foot They are held the best Souldiers in all Billedulgerid and almost of all Africa 2. Extuca is proper only for Pastures abounds in Goats 3. Nun hath but little Barley and few Dates 4. Tesset is a Town of about 400 Houses hath some trade with the Negroes The Inhabitants of Guadenum live of Goats Milk by Hunting and of Dates and the Country hath Ostriches Those of Ifrena trade with the Portugals at Guarguessen and those of Archa hath only Dates And in these seven Quarters there are several other Towns and Cities as Buzedora Vtemila Albene Ausulima Buleza and Suana all Maritim places opposite and not far from the Canary Isles The Kingdom of Darha and its chief places DARHA is on the East of Tesset and Morocco It is divided commonly into three parts of which the chief retains the name of Dara the other are Taffilet and Ytata which pass likewise under the name of Taffilet All these parts have been divers times under the Dominion of the Xeriffs of Fez and Morocco Darha is about a River of the same name and where the River doth overflow it it is indifferent fruitful Among its chief Cities are 1. Bemsabih 2. Quitera Tagumadert from whence came the Xeriffs of Fez and Morocco 3. Taragalel of 4000 Houses and a Jewry of 400. 4. Tinzulin the most spacious of all 5. Timesguit of 2000 Families And 6. Tesuf once the Royal City of all these Quarters now in Ruins The Kingdom of Taffilet with its chief places TAFFILET hath born the Title of a Kingdom as well as Dara and its chief City of the same name hath more than 2000 Families of Bereberes To this place as Heylin observeth did Mahomet the Second Son of Mahomet Ben Amet and second King of Morocco of this Family confine his eldest Brother Amet having took him Prisoner in Anno Dom. 1544. Ytata is for the most part esteemed under Taffilet though near upon as great The Land belonging to the one and the other are harsh and Mountainous and scituated between Dara and Segelomessa Taffilet toward Morocco from whence it is separated from Mount Atlas Ytata towards the Saara or Desart where is that of Zuenziga The Kingdom of Segelomessa described SEGELOMESSA is one of the greatest and best Provinces or Kingdoms of all Billedulgerid It s chief City bears the same name is made famous by the Arab of Nubia It hath been ruined and rebuilded within 100 and odd years it is seated in a Plain and on the River Ziz Where and on those of Ghir Tagda and Farcala are likewise some other Cities more than 300 walled Boroughs and a great number of Villages The Rivers overflow and make fertil the Country as doth the Nile in Egypt The Inhabitants may raise about 120000 Men to bear Arms they have sometimes been subject to their Lords sometimes to the Kings of Fez and Morocco now are partly divided into Lines and Communalties and partly subject to the Arabs Several small Estates in and about Segelomessa Under the name of Segelomessa we will pass with Sanutus 12 or 15 little Estates which have but few Cities or walled Towns and some Villages Poor and almost all subject to the Arabs QVENEG hath 3 Cities of which Zebbellinum the chief is on a very high Rock and holds the passage of Segelomessa to Fez by Mount Atlas Gastrirum another City is on the side of a Mountain Tamaracostum is on a Plain Besides these Cities there are about 12 Towns and twice as many Villages They have sometimes aided the Xeriffs of Fez and Morocco with 8000 Men. Helel is the principal of its quarter and the residence of the Lord of Malgara Manunna the chief of Rheteb is peopled with Moors and Jews all Merchants and Artizans These places are on the Ziz descending from the Atlas towards Segelomessa Suhail Humeledegi and Vmmelhefen make each their Estate apart The last is on the way from Segelomessa to Dara The Land is quite Desart covered with Sand and black Stones TEBELBETTA hath 3 Cities 12 Villages FARCALA 3 Cities 5 Villages TEZERIN 5 Cities 15 Villages BENIGOMIA 8 Cities 15 Villages the Cities Mazalig Abuhinanum and Chasaira make each their Estate BENIBESSERI GVACHDA and FEGHIGA have each 3 Cities and some Villages Those of Feghiga addict themselves to Traffick and Letters gather quantity of Dates as doth likewise Guachda An excellent Mine of Iron employs those of BENIBESSERI in carrying it to Segelomessa A rich Mine of Lead and another of Antimony yields profit to those of Chasair who carry them to Fez the others bear only Dates and their Inhabitants are oppressed by the Arabs who rule over them Togda besides its Labourers of the Land hath some Tanners of Leather and the Soil yields Grains and Fuits I have made Tegorarin and Zeb the 4th and 5th Parts of Billedulgerid taken in general Under the name of Tegorarin I shall comprehend Tesebit and Benigorait under that of Zeb I comprehend Mezzab Techort or Techortina and Guergela Quarter of Tegorarin described TEGORARIN hath more than 50 Cities or walled Towns and 100 or 150 Villages the chief of which are Tegorarin Tuat and Tegdeat The Country is abundant in Dates yields Corn when watered feeds no Cattle except it be a few Goats for their Milk Its People addict themselves to Trade fetch Gold from the Negroes which they carry into Barbary and bring from thence several Commodities to carry to the Negroes Receiving Strangers with delight and letting nothing be lost that they can leave with them to enrich their Country Tesebit or Tesevin hath 4 Cities 28 Villages the most part of the Men are black the Women only brown and comly All poor as likewise in the Desart of Benigorait Province of Zeb and its chief places The Province of ZEB is more to the East than Tegorarin it touches the Kingdom and Province of Algier and Bugia near Mesila on the North is divided from the Regions of Mezzab Techort and Guergela towards the South by divers Mountains It s principal Cities are five Pescara Borgium Dusena Nesta Teolacha and Macaxa One part of these Cities were ruined when the Arabs entred into Africa a part by Barbarossa the most part afterwards resloted At present the Turks the Kings of Couco and Labes and the Arabs receive some Tribute from them The Inhabitants of Pescara live in the Fields in the Summer being constrained to
yielding the tenth part of what the others do so great difference is there in being at the foot and on the East of a Mountain These 5 Cassilifs answer to the higher Egypt or the Thebais of the Ancients in which are a great many Cities Walled Towns and Villages as are generally found throughout all Egypt as anon I shall have occasion to treat of Those Cassilifs of Fium and Giza with the Territory of Cairo to the middle The Cassilifs of Fium and Giza have very good Earth and which is easily watred by the Nile it yields store of Grain Fruits as Raisins c. Flax Milk feeds many Cattle c. but the Cassilif or Governour of the last hath not a free sword that is hath not power of life and death as he pleases as the others have being out of the course of the Arabs and too near Cairo of which a word or two City of Cairo described This City of CAIRO hath for a long time been all the Ornament of Egypt It was the Residence of the Sultans is now of the Bassa some make it very great others much less the first compose it of 4 parts to witt Old Cairo New Cairo Boulac and Charafat there being some void places between each they say that these 4 parts together with their Suburbs may be about 10 or 12 Leagues long and 7 or 8 broad nor give they it less then 25 or 30 Leagues Circuit They count 16 or 18000 Streets 6000 Mosques and if the particular Oratories be comprised above 20000 as also they account about 200000 Houses among which are divers Bazars or Markets Canes or Magazines of certain Merchandizes many Hospitals and magnificent structures The Castle is great strong and well fortified scituate on the top of a Rock which overlooks the City and discovers the Plain on all sides even to the loss of sight The buildings paintings and other Ornaments which yet remain do testify the magnificence of the Soldans This Castle as Heylin noteth for largeness Walls and divided into many Courts in which were stately buildings but now hath lost much of its glory being in part destroyed by Selimus that which now remains serveth for the Court or habitation of the Bassa In and about this City are abundance of delicate Orchards which are places of great delight in which are excellent Fruits Walks c. and nigh to this City there is a pleasant Lake which is much frequented by the Inhabitants who for their recreation pass some time daily on this Lake in boates for their further mutual society and seeing their friends and acquaintance Coesar Lambert his description of Cairo Coesar Lambert of Marsillia in his relations of the year 1627 28 29 and 32 saith that Cairo separated from the other Cities and Towns is not so great as Paris and if an eye witness of both may be believed he speaks truth and takes for witnesses some eminent French Gentlemen then at Cairo who confesses that joyning it to the Cities and Boroughs adjacent it may with reason be called Grand Cairo but however he maintains this to be but almost the shadow of Cairo as it was 100 and odd years since so much is the trade diminished and that according to the report of the people of the Country He saith likewise that the Castle hath been much greater and more magnificent then it is at present and observes several footsteps or proud buildings now of no use and after all saith that this is not strong Sandys his description of Cairo Sandys in his book of Tavels among other remarkable things makes this description of it saying that this great City called Grand Cairo is inhabited by Moors Turks Negroes Jews Copties Greeks and Armenians who are observed to be the poorest and yet the most laborious the civillest and honestest of all others they are not subject to the Turk neither do they pay him any Tribute of Children as other Christians do and it they happen to be taken in Wars they are freed from bondage and this priviledge they gained by a certain Armenian that foretold the greatness and glory of Mahomet Here he saith they hatch Eggs by artificial heat and that in exceeding great numbers which they do in this manner In a narrow entry on each side are 2 rows of Ovens one over the other On the floors of the lower they lay Flax over those Mats and upon them Eggs. The floors of the upper Oven are as roofs to the under being grated over like kilns onely having tunnels in the middle which have covers over them These gratings are covered with mats and on them they lay dry and pulverated dung of Camels c. three or four inches thick at the farther and higher sides of these upper Ovens are trenches of Lome which are about a handful deep and two handfuls broad The hatching of Chicken and in these they burn the aforesaid dung which yieldeth a gentle heat without any fire under the mouths of the upper Ovens are conveyances for the smoak having round roofs with vents at the top to open and shut and thus ly the Eggs in the lower Ovens for the space of eight daies turning them daily and looking that the heat be gentle and moderate then they put out the fire and put the one half into the upper Ovens then they shut all close and let them alone ten daies longer at which time they become hatched Sir Henry Blunt his description of this City Cairo I shall conclude my description of this City with some observations which Sir Henry Blunt hath observed during his abode there first he saith that there are Mosques and Oratories to the number of thirty five thousand some of which are very stately and magnificent next he saith there is twenty four thousand noted Streets besides by-Streets and Lanes and some of these Streets are about two miles in length and to all these Streets at each end there is a Door which every night is lockt up and kept guarded by which means tumults robberies fire or the like is prevented and without the City to hinder the Incursions of the Arabs from abroad there doth also watch every night four Saniacks with each of them one thousand horsemen the number of men that do every night guard this City is twenty eight thousand This City is built he saith after the Egyptian manner high and of large rough stones with part of Brick the Streets are but narrow but as the Houses decay they are rebuilt after the Turkish manner mean low and made of Mud and Timber yet their Palaces are stately with spacious Courts wherein are fair Trees to keep them from the heat of the Sun also other Courts belonging to their Palaces adjoyning to curious Gardens wherein are variety of excellent fruits and watred with Fountains nor want they any state in their Edifices which are vast lofty and very magnificent This City notwithstanding its greatness he saith is so exceeding populous
square Obelisks full of Egyptian Hieroglyphicks of a vast bigness and each of one entire piece of Stone said to be thrice as big as that at Rome or that at Constantinople Near these Obelisks as Sir Henry Blunt relateth are the ruines of Cleopatra's Palace high upon the shore with the private Gate whereat she received Mark Antony after their overthrow at Actium And he saith That about a bow shoot further upon another Rock on the shore is yet a round Tower which was part of Alexanders Palace This City after the Romans were Masters of Egypt was steemed the second of their Empire And when the Arabs seised it there was counted 12000 Sellers of Herbs 4000 Bathing-houses 400 Play-houses c. Thus was the former state of this City but at present almost a heap of ruines especially the East and South parts not the moyety of the City being inhabited And were it not for some conveniencies of Trade or the like more then any pleasure of the place by reason of the evil Air which reigns there it would be soon left wholly desolate It is now inhabited by a mixture of Nations as Turks Jews Greeks Moors Copties and Christians Now remarkable for a Mosque in which St. Mark their first Bishop was said to be buried Yet their rests still within and near the City many Obelisks Columus Footsteps of pround Building c. The City of Rosetto Raschit or Rosetto a pritty little City seated on the Nile four miles from the Mediterranean Sea a place of no strength but of a great Trade and well furnished with several sorts of Commodities Its Buildings are stately both within and without and is only defended by a Castle being without Walls or other Fortifications This City in ancient times was noted for a place of all kinds of Beastliness and Luxury Damiata is a fair City The City of Damiata and its Land excellent famous for the often Sieges laid unto it by the Christian Armies in Anno 1220. Who for 18 Moneths continuance did stoutly defend themselves till in the end the Enemy hearing no noise some of them did adventure to Scale the Walls who finding no resistance the Army marched in who then found in every house and corner heaps of dead bodies and none to give them burial and searching them found them to die of Famine and of the Pestilence which grievously raged amongst them Which lamentable spectacle must needs add terror to the beholder This City was built as some Authors say out of the ruines of Pelusium which was built by Peleus the Father of Achilles who for the murther of his Brother Phocus was by the gods commanded to purge himself in the adjoyning Lake This place as Heylin noteth was the Episcopal See of St. Isidore sirnamed Pelusiotes whose Pious and Rhetorical Epistles are yet extant And at this place Ptolomy the famous Geographer drew his first breath And these three Cities after Cairo are at present the fairest of Egypt There are abundance of other Cities which are yet in some repute as Suez and Cossir seated on the Red Sea Suez noted for its Arsenal and Cossir for its reception of the Merchandizes of the East and Saiet a fair Town not far from Cairo on the Nile by some said to be the dwelling place of Joseph and Mary whither they sled with Christ for fear of Herod where are yet the ruines of a fair and beautiful Temple which as they say was built by Helena the Mother of Constantine with several others too tedious to name But to speak truth Egypt is nothing in regard of what it was under its first Kings with several other as I have set down in my Geographical Tables as they are found in the said Twelve Cassiliffs and are all commodiously and pleasantly seated on the Banks of the Nile which traverses the whole Countrey dividing it self into several streams especially in the Higher Egypt where with several Mouths it fullâ— into or receives the Mideterranean Sea Also I have noted several Cities seated on the Red Sea to which I refer the Reader The Lakes of Bucheira and Moeris In this Countrey are two Lakes the one is called The Lake of Bucheira in the Territory of Alexandria and is about twelve Leagues in length and seven in breadth the other is called The Lake of Moeris in the Cassilifs of Giza and Fium and is about 27 Leagues in length and 20 15 10 5 and 3 in breadth Thus much for the Description of the Countrey In the next place I shall treat of the Inhabitants as to their Laws Religion Customs Antiquities Hieroglyphicks Stature Habit c. Also the Fertility and Rarities of the Countrey amongst which I shall end with the Description of the Nile Their Laws execution of Justice Their Laws as to Justice and Government are perfectly Turkish and therefore I shall refer the Reader to the Description of the Turks as ye may find it treated of in the Description of Constantinople their Metropolitan City Yet for rigor in their punishments they exceed other parts of Turkey and that by reason of the treacherous malicious and base dispositions of them their executions being different according to the quality of the Crime for some offences they use slaying alive for others impaling cutting them off with a red hot Iron at the Waist for others oynting with Honey in the Sun also some they hang by the Foot and the like cruelties The ancient People of this Countrey were Heathens worshipping the Sun Moon and Stars sacrificing to Apollo Jupiter Hercules and the rest of the gods also attributing divine honors to Serpents Crocodiles as also to Garlick Onions and Leeks But the god which thay most adored was Apis a coal-black Ox with a white Star in his Fore-head two Hairs only in his Tail and the form of an Eagle on his back but now Mahometism is much received amongst them The Christian Faith was here first planted by St Mark who was the first Bishop of Alexandria And these Christians are all of the Jacobites Sect observing the same Customs and Forms of Ceremonies in their Religion as those formerly treated of in Asia Its antiquities Among the many Rarities or Antiquities of this Countrey are the Pyramides as also the Obelisks and Columns spoken of before next on the Banks of the River Nile stood that famous Labyrinth built by Psamnicus a place of an exceeding great bigness containing 1000 Houses besides 12 Royal Palaces within an intire Wall Which had but one entrance but exceeding many turnings and windings which caused the way to be exceeding difficult to find the building being as much under ground as above The buildings were of Marble and adorned with stately Columns The Rooms were fair and large especially a Hall which was the place of their general Conventions which was adorned with the Statues of their gods and composed of polished Marble Not far from the Pyramides doth stand the Colossus being in form of an
produce the same Commodities as the rest of the Caribe Isles It is a well Governed Colony of the English and its Inhabitants which are esteemed about 3 or 4000 live a good quiet and contented life and free from want of Food or Rayment for Divine Worship here are three Churches and for its security hath a Fort and a publick Store-house This Isle as the rest of the Caribe's is troubled with Muscheto's Chigos Murigoins and other stinging Flies which are found troublesom to the Inhabitants ANTEGO an Isle about 6 or 7 Leagues in length Antego and as much in breadth in many places it is seated in the Latitude of 16 deg 11 minutes it hath some few Springs of fresh water but hath many Cisterns and Ponds for the preserving of Rain water It is encompassed with Rocks which makes its access difficult and dangerous Here are plenty of wild Fowl and Fish nor is there any want of tame Cattle It is in the Possession of the English but thinly Inhabited not exceeding 8 or 900. St. VINCENT seated in the Latitude of 16 deg about 20 miles in length St. Vincent and 15 in breadth of a fertil soil yielding abundance of Sugar Canes which grow naturally without planting It affords many safe Roads and convenient Bays for Shipping is well watered but the English who are Masters of it have made as yet no great settlement DOMINICA Dominica seated in the Latitude of 15 â—1 deg about 12 Leagues in length and 8 in breadth It is very Mountainous but hath fertil Valleys affording good Tobacco which is the chief Commodity It is a Colony of the English but not considerable MONTSERAT Montserat In the Latitude of 17 deg a small Isle of about 10 miles in length and less in breadth very Mountainous but interlaced with fertil Valleys It is much Inhabited by the Irish who have a Church ANGVILLA Anguilla in the Latitude of 18 deg 21 min. about 10 Leagues in length and 3 in breadth It is a poor beggarly Isle Possessed by about 2 or 300 English but said not worth the keeping BARBADA Barbada in the Lat. 17 ½ degree an Isle of no great extent not exceeding 15 miles in length of a fertil soil yet of no account to the English who are Possessors thereof Sancta Crux SANCTACRVX Inhabited by the French the Isle is woody and mountainous and not well provided with fresh waters and of no considerable note GVADALOVPE Guadaloupe about three Leagues in length possessed by the French of good Anchorage in most parts of the adjoyning Sea and of some note for its fresh water which it furnisheth Ships with in their necessity to finish their Voyages GRENADO Grenado but a small Isle being not above six miles in length in form of a Cressent the two horns being not above a mile asunder it is possessed by the French said to be of a fertil soil and well clothed with Woods and hath a commodious Haven And now I shall be bold to say that Hispaniola Cuba and the Neighbouring Isles answer to the Hesperides of the Antients All agree that the Hesperides were 40 daies sail from the Gorgades and the Gorgades only two from the Coast of Africa The Isles of Cape Verde answer to the Gorgades as we have made appear in Africa From these Isles to those of Hispaniola and Cuba is at present 25 or 30 daies sail which may well be 40 of the Antients and moreover there is no Isles in the Atlantick Ocean beyond these And when the Antients place these Hesperides in one Gulph alone as Capella doth or in more as Solinus doth they seem to mean the Gulph of Mexico which contains many other lesser And if Pliny seems to make account but of two Hesperides and others of many more Pliny understands Hispaniola and Cuba alone in regard of which the rest are little considerable Solinus and Capella intend in general the body of these Islands But let us proceed to America Meridionalis AMERICA MERIDIONALIS The degrees of Latitude and Longitude of America Merionalis AMERICA MERIDIONALIS is the most Southern part or Peninsula of America which extends it self from about the 12 degree on this side of the Aequator unto the 54 beyond it which are 66 degrees of Latitude and from the 291 or 92 where is Porto Viejo unto about the 350 where there is Cape St. Augustin which are 57 or 58 degrees of Longitude It reaches then from South to North 1650 Leagues from West to East little less than 400. Its bounds on the North and East are the Mer del Nort towards the South the Magellanick Sea Its bounds And on the West the Mer del Sud or Pacifick Sea It s form approaches near a Triangle whose sides are almost equal from Porto Viejo to Cape St. Augustin are 1400 Leagues from Cape St. Augustin to Cape Freeward in the middle of the streight of Magellan are 1500 Leagues and from that Cape to Porto Belo 1600. It s scituation is for the most part under the Torrid Zone part under the Antartick temperate Zone of that which is under the Torrid Zone the greatest part is beyond the Aequator the less on this side so that the greatest part of these people have their seasons contrary to ours The Coasts of this Country are all known more or less the Inlands very little America Meridionalis divided into parts AMERICA MERIDIONALIS may be divided into PERUVIANA and BRASILIANA subdividing Peruviana into Terra Firma and Peru and Brasiliana into Brasile and Paraguay the first division is taken by a line which from the mouth of the Amazona goes to seek the utmost part of Chili towards the South and this line divides America Meridionalis into two equal parts the one belonging almost wholly to the Castilians alone and the other for the most part to the Portugals These have their Vice-Roy in St. Salvador a capital City in the Bay of All-Saints and almost in the middle of the Coast of Brazile the other in Lima or Los Reyes that is the Kings at present a capital City and in the middle of the Coast of Peru. A New Mapp of AMERICA MERIDIONALE Designed by Monsieur Sanson Geographer to the French King and Rendred Into English and Illustrated by Richard Blome by his Maiestis Especiall Command London Printed for Ric Blome 〈◊〉 the R t Honâ—â—â— Iames Duâ—â— of Monmouth Auckland Earle of Doncaster Dalkeith Baron of Ashdale Tindale Whichester c. This Mapp is most humbly Dedicated by Ric Blome We may yet divide the Terra Firma into Terra Firma and Guiana Peru into Peru and Chili Brazil into the Coast of Brazil and Main Land of Brazil Paraguay into Paraguay and the Magellanick Lands Of this America Meridionalis Brazil possesses all that is towards the East Terra Firma and Guiana that which is towards the North Paraguay and the Magellanick Lands that which advanceth
of St. Michael Metz Toul Verdun and Nancy also part of Artois of Haynault and Luxembourg where are the Cities of Arras Avesnes Moutmedy c. Likewise the Principalities of Sedan and Arches whose chief place is Charleville also Rousillon on the Coast of Spain whose chief places are Perpignan Elne Collioure Salces c. Alsatia on the side of Germany and the Principality of Bress belonging to Mademoiselle d'Orleance but being to treat of these places in Germany and elsewhere I shall omit the description of them here Bishops Parliaments c. in France All France hath 15 Archbishops 105 Bishops 10 Parliaments amongst which the power of that of Paris extends as far as all the rest Under these Parliaments are 105 and odd Balliages or Justices-Royal immediate dependants on these Parliaments 24 Generalities and about 250 Elections and Receipts of Royal-Money And in the general Governments of the Militia about 2 or 300 Governments Chief Rivers This Kingdom is for the generality exceedingly furnished with Rivers the principal amongst which are the Loire Roane Garonne and Seine ALLEMAGNIA or GERMANY which may be considered in three great Parts whereof The first about the RHINE may be subdivided into three other parts to wit On this side the RHINE where are The French County Besanson Dole Lorraine Metz Nancy The Catholick Low Countries Anvers or Antwerp Brusselles Gand or Gaunt Lille Arras Upon the RHINE where are Alsace or Alsatia Strasbourg Fribourg Brisac Haguenau Palatinate of the Rhine Hildeberg Wormes Spire The Electorates of Mayence Treves Cologne The Estates of Cleves and Juliers Dusseldrop Wesel Juliers The Estates of the United Provinces Amsterdam Utrecht the Hague Beyond the RHINE where are Franconia Wirzbourg Nuremberg Francfort Hessie Cassel Marpurg Westphalie Munster Embden Soest The second about the DANUBE may be also divided into three other parts to wit Higher or SOVABIA which is divided into Suisse or Switzerland Basle Berne Zurich Geneve Coire Sovabia Ausbourg Constance Ulme Lindau Stutgard Mean or BAVARIA which is divided into Tirol Inspruck Feldkirck Dutchy of Bavaria Munick Lanshout Ratisbone Saltisbourg Passau Palatinate of Bavaria Amberg Lower or AUSTRICHE or AUSTRIA where are The Archbishoprick of Austria Vienne Lintz Crems The Hereditary Lands of Austria Stirie Creacz Carinthie St. Veit Carniola Lau-bach Cilley Cilley Vindis Marche Metling The third about the ELâ—E and ODER may be divided into two parts to wit The Highest comprehendeth the Estates of BOHEMIA where are the Kingdom of Bohemia Prague Cottenberg Pilsen Coningracz Budweiss Glatz Provinces incorperated to Bohemia as Silicle Breslau Lignitz Neisse Gros Glogau Lusacia Baudisseu Gorlitz Soraw Moravia Olmutz Brynne The Lowest comprehendeth SAXONY in general which may be divided inco into the Higher Saxony where are The Estates of Saxony Wittenberg Dreide Lipsick Erford The Marquisate of Brandenbourg Stendai Brandenbourg Berlin Lansperg Pomerania Stettin Straelsond Lower Saxony where are Two Archbishopricks Magdebourg Breme Three Bishopricks Ferden Hildesheim Halberstat Several Dutchies among which are those of Holsace Kille Gluckstad Meclebourg Rostock Suerin Lauvenbourg Lauvenbourg Lunenbourg Lunenbourg Brunswick Brunswick Wolsenbuttel Imperial Cities Lubeek Hambourg Gosâ—aâ— GERMANY about the Rhine may be considered On this side the RHINE in three Parts to wit FRANCHE COUNTY or BURGUNDY where are The Balliages of Amont Gray Dole Dole Aval Salins And some Mannors of the Empire as The Archbishopr and City of Besanson The County of Monbeliard LORRAINE where are the Dutchies c. of BARROIS Royal Bar-le-Duc Ducal St. Michael LORRAINE where are the Balliages of Francois Nancy Allemand Vaudrevange Vauge Mirecourt Bishopricks and Imperial Cities Metz Toul Verdun The CATHOLICK Low Country where are The Dutchies of Brabant Louvain Brusselles Limbourg Limbourg Mastciâ—h Luxembourg Luxembourg Thionville The Counties or Earldoms of Flanders Gand or Gaunt Brugge Lille Artois Arras St. Omer Hayâ—â—aut Mons Valenciennes Namur Namur The Marquisate of the Empire Anvers or Autwerp The Signiory of Malines Malines Also the Archbishoprick and Imperial City of Cambray Bishoprick and Imperial City of Liege Upon the RHINE in five Parts viz. ALSACE or ALSATIA On this side the Rhine where are The Sungou Altkirck The Higher Alsace Ensisheim Blome The Lower Alsace Strasbourg Haguenau Beyond the Rhine where are The Brisgou Fribourg Brissac The Mormau Offenbourg The Marquisate of Bade Durlach The PALATINATE of the Rhine under the name of which may be understood The Estates of the Palatinate Heidelberg Frankenâ—al The Estates of the Princes of the House Palatinate Zweibruâ—k Simmereâ— The Bishopricks and Imperial Cities of Spires Wormes The ELECTORATES Ecclesiasticks or Archbishopricks of Mayence Mayence Aschassenbourg Treves Treves Coblenz Cologne Cologne Bonne The Estates of the Succession of CLEVES and JULIERS To the Marquess of Brandenbourg as The Dutchy of Cleves Wesel The County of Marck Hamme To the Palatinate of New bourg as The Dutchy of Juliers Juliers The Dutchy of Bergâ—or Monâ— Dusseldrop The Estates of the UNITED PROVINCES of the Low Countries where are The Dutchy of Guelders Nieumegue Arnheim The Counties of Holland Amsterdam Dordrechâ— the Hague Zeland Mildebourg Zutphen Zutphen The Signiories of West Friezland Lievarden Groningue Groningue Utrecht Utrecht Over-Ysel Doventer And part of the Dutchy of Brabant Bosteduc Beyond the RHINE in three Parts to wit FRANCONIA where are The Ecclesiasticks or The Bishopricks of Wirtzbourg Bamberg The Order of Teut Mergetheim The Laicks or The Marquisate of Cullembach Onspach The Counties of Holac Weickersâ—eim Wertheim Wertheim The Imperial Cities of Nuremberg Francfort Schweifurt HESSE or HESSIA as it is divided into Hesse or Hessia Langraviat of Cassel Marpurg County of Waldeck Corbach Abbey of Fulde Witteravia divers Counties Nassau Solins Hanau Isenbourg WESTPHALIA where are The Ecclesiasticks or The Bishopricks of Munster Paderborne Minde The D. of Westphalia Arensberg The Counties c. of Embden Aurick Oldenbourg Oldenbourg Hoye Nienbourg Lippe Lipstad Ravensberg Herwood Benthem Benthem The Imperial Cities as Embden Zoest The Countries which consisteth of Seventeen Provinces to wit of Four Duchies to wit BRABANT where are the Quarters of Louvain Louvain Tilemond Ascot Brusselles Brusselles Nivelles Anvers Breda Berg op Zom Lire Saint Ulit Bosleduc Bosleduc Grave LIMBO'URG where are Limbourg Limbourg Vic de Mastric Adjacent Lands Fauquemont Dalem Rolduc LUXEMBOURG Luxembourg Thionville Arlon Bastoigne Monmedi Dam Villers GUELDRES where are four Quarters but that of ZUTPHEN is among the Counties Betuve Nieumegue Bommel Fort de Schenck Veluve Arnhem Harderwick Gueldres Ruremonde Gueldres Venlo Stefanswerdt Seven Counties viz. FLANDERS which is divided in Flanders Teutone Gand or Gaunt Bruges Ipres Gravelines Dunkirke Ostend Newport Scluce Flanders Wallone Lille Douay Tournay Orchies Flanders Imperlale Alost Hulst Axel ARTOIS Wallone Arras Hesdinfert Bappaumes St. Pol. Flamingant St. Omer Aire Bethune HAYNAUT Mons Valenciennes Maubeuge Avesnes Landrechies Philippeville Marienbourg NAMUR Namur Charlemont HOLLAND which is divided into North Holland Alemar Inchuse Horne South Holland Dort Delft Leyde or Leyden Harlem Amsterdam
Desart of Barca with its chief Places and People described In the Desart of BARCA there are some Parts peopled and frequented amongst those vast and floating Sands as 1. Angela where there are three Cities and many Villages and their People have a great power against the Serpents and therefore may answer to the Ancient Billi if the South-wind have not buried these in the Sand for resolving to make upon him because he had dried up all their Waters 2. Serta which hath been once a great City but at present reduced to Ruins 3. Alquechet which hath three Cities and some Villages and possibly Elchochat or Eleocath is the same or if they be two they answer to the ancient Oasis Magna and Oasis Parva It s other chief places are Sabia Ernet Couzza Ascor Angela Ebaida Gorham and Ammon spoken of before Among these Desarts are many Arabs of which some are powerful in Horse and Foot and will not suffer any Cities except of some Africans which pay them Tribute The People of Barbary At present the People of these Desarts are in part Africans or Bereberes part Arabs and all extreamly barbarous And since we are faln on these People and that we have here the occasion let us say That Barbary Billedulgerid and likewise Znaxa and part of Nubia are for the most part inhabited by these two sorts of People The Africans and Bereberes are the Natural Inhabitants of the Country or at least have been long seated there They are divided into five principal Races to wit of Zanhagia Musmuda Zeneta Haora and Gumera And these five Races are subdivided into more than six hundred Branches or numerous Lines which distinguish themselves very well the one from the other being very curious to keep the Antiquity of their Race and to know from what People they are descended The Race of the Arabs which inhabit in Barbary The Arabs passed into Africa in the year of Grace 999 or the 400 of the Aera of Mahomet and there was but three Races which passed viz. those of Esquequin and Hilel coming from Arabia Deserta and that of Maquil from Arabia the Happy they might make together 50000 Fighting men but they so multiplied afterwards that the Race of Esquequin hath eight or nine principal Lines under which are many Branches which they call Heyles or Cob-Heyles that is Assemblies and live by Aavares which are like Boroughs of 100 150 or 200 Tents which they carry along with them and dispose as they think fit they may make together about 40000 Horse and 400000 Foot in 1200 Advares The Race of Hilel is divided into 11 Lines these Lines into many Branches and may make 30000 Horse and 150000 Foot The Race of Maquil hath 23 First or Second Lines and may raise about 30000 Horse and 400000 Foot which are for the three Races 100000 Horse and near a Million of Foot We cannot find how many Advares or Communalties are in the two last Races And these Arabs are on all Coasts among the Bereberes yet so that they have their Habitations distinct the one from the other some in one quarter some in another of the same Province And it is to be observed that there are Bereberes and Arabs still in the Cities and others still in the Field but these are accounted the most Noble because the freest often reaping the Harvest of their Neighbours labour BILLEDULGERID with its several Kingdoms Parts or Provinces which may be considered as they lie Southwards of MOROCCO as The Kingdom of SUS or TESSET with its Quarters and Cities of Ydausquerit Extues Nun Tesset Guadenum Istena Archa Ydausquerit Simotamat Ydiausan Ydunadaf Mereit Deudyzdud Yduquinsus Arabala Aragati Ynduzel Denseniz Tizitit Aytiacoli Buleza Tesset Suana Ydaubagul Deursumugt Monasterium Ausulima Buaadora Nun Albene Utemila Intrena Castra The Kingdom of DARHA with its Cities of Taragalel Benisabih Quitera Temesguit Tagumadert Timesguit Darba Tabarnost Timulin Tameguâ—rut Tesut Afra Southwards of FEZ and ALGIER as The Kingdom of SEGELOMESSE with its Estates and Cities of Gastrium Segellomesse Tamaracrostum Zebbelum Chasaira Manunna Mazaligum Abuhinanum Feghiga Castra Melelum Tebelbotta Castra Humeledegum Vnaelhefenum Tebubassatum Sugailfilum Southwards of ALGIER and TUNIS as The Quarter of TEGORARIN with its Parts of TEGORARIN Tegorarin Tegdeat Calamati TESSEBIT Tessebit Tuat Teguat Benigorait The Quarter of ZEB with its Estates of ZEB Peschata Borgium Dusena Teolacha Nesta MEZZAB Macaza Mezzab Deuser TECHORT Techort Neâ—au Statio GUERGUELA Guargals Statio Statio Southwards of TRIPOLI as The Quarter of BILLEDULGERID with its Parts of BILLEDULGERID particularly so called Tensar Caphesa Nesiioa Chalbiza Clemena Neszara GADEMES Gademes Statio Stat Stat. FEZZEN Fezzen Samela Nati Morti. JASLITEN Jasliten TEORREGU Teorregu Masta Statio Tega Stat Serai Mons Stat. BILLEDULGERID Billedulgerid its Bounds and Parts BILLEDVLGERID is very improperly called Numidia by the Modern Authors Numidia having been upon the Mediterranean Sea which Billedulgerid touches not at all Its confines are on the North of Barbary from whence it is separated by Mount Atlas on the South Zaara on the West the great Ocean Sea and on the East Egypt It s principal Parts Kingdoms or Provinces are Sus or Tesset Darha Segelomesse Tegorarin Zeb Billedulgerid and the Desart of Barca which stretch themselves from the Ocean unto Egypt And this length is of 1000 or 1200 Leagues its breadth being for the most part not above 100 or little more from which they have what is needful for them It s People The Air is healthful they live long are deformed are held base People ignorant of all things are addicted to Theft murther are very deceitful they feed grosly and are great Hunters They acknowledge Mahomet for their Prophet whose Principles of Religion they observe though they differ in many Ceremonies their Garments are but mean and so short that not above half their body is covered with them the better sort are distinguished by a Jacket of blew Cotton which is made with wide Sleeves They make use of Camels as we do of Horses Among them are many Arabs which live by Advares that is Communalties each of 100 150 or 200 Tents which they transport whither they please that is where they find best feeding for their Cattle and when they stop they dispose their Tents in a circle making therein divers Streets and common places and leaving some inlets and outlets which are shut up and guarded like a City These Arabs esteem themselves the most noble of all calling those which till the Earth and prune Vineyards Servants and those which abide in Cities Courtiers and Effeminate And these Arabs are esteemed more civil and ingenious than the Numidians are The Kingdom of Sus and its parts SVS which Sanutus passes under the name of TESSET and which is called the farthest Sus to distinguish it from that of the Kingdom of Morocco is the most Western part of Billedulgerid It may be divided into seven