upon equall termes to combate it he flyes to the high Mountaines of Bimbery but Cassem-cawn directed by some natives so hotly pursue that they are Lords of those hills whence Iacob hasts to Sirhenakar but there also they beleaguer him whose strength in men nor walls were sufficient to repell the enemy but in despight of both is taken and manacled yea made to bend under the iron yoake of slavish bondage Cassimer is part of that part of Asia of old call'd Sogdian The North Pole is there raised 41 deg nine min. from Agra three hundred from Surat three thousand English miles distant the Province in generall is mountainous barren cold and windy Her Metropolis Shyrenaker is three miles in compasse watered by Behat a river which from Caucasus after many glomerating dances increases Indus nothing more observable than a lake eight leagues thence fifteen miles about in center is a pretty Isle bearing a faire and pleasant Palace out of which is seene variety of sports fishing hawking rowing c. This done restlesse Ecbar a while deferring the conquest of Bactria aymes at Tutta and all Indus knowing how odious Mirza Iehan by reason of his tyrannie was to his inferiours he sends Ganganna with twelve thousand men and by Boat sayling downe Ravee into Indus ere long they arrive at Tatta which for six moneths held out but in the seventh the Tyrant yeelds it up and is upon conditions entertain'd friendly and by this all Synde to Loore Bander upon the Ocean acknowledge Ecbar King of the Mogulls their head and Soveraigne Tutta or Tatta till now Tutta commanded by the Rashboot East from Ieselmeer West frō Buckor is one of the most celebrated Marts of Indya from Lahore thirty dayes journey but by Indus in lesse attained Vpon the Ocean shee has Loure-Bander three easie dayes travell thence observable in this that such ships as ride at anchor there are not so gnawed and spoiled with wormes as at Swalley Chaul Dabul Daman Goah and other places About this time Nezamshaw the old King of Decan A.D. 1593. A.H. 973. paid Nature her utmost Tribute and Melec Amber his sonne is stated in his royall Throne and dignity Ecbar is sick till he attempt the conquest to doe which he resolves neither cost nor toile should hinder it the enterprise more hopefull for that a woman was rectrix of the Marches Ganganna is chosen Generall who with instructions and thirty thousand horse from Lohore hasts to Brampore where Radgee Alychan the Governour conjoynes five thousand more and after some moneths preparation set forward towards Decan Tziend Bieby daughter to the last King heares of the Mogulls approach and to resist them fortifies Amdanagar obtaining also some Forces from the Kings of Visiapore and Golcunda in all forty thousand horse which she commends to her Martiall Eunuch Godgee Shuhel who stayes for them upon the Confines first combatting with Ally Chawn Mirza Gassem and halfe the Army the Pagans enter pel-mel without order guided only by bravery desire of conquest on both sides were many slain now one then the other part growing victorious so long so couragiously with such emulation and fury the battell continued that when Apollo weary of so much bloodshed had hid his golden tramells in Thetys bosome they ceased not but by Cynthia's pale candor renued the fight with such alacrity that of many yeares never was battell fought bravelier in eighteene houres none knowing who were more victorious till such time as Phoebus sparkling his flagrant beames againe in that Horizon Changanna falls in with his Regiment so fresh so violent that after three houres skirmish the Decans turn back leaving their heroick Captaine Godgee slaine in the field The Mogulls follow the chase fifteene miles but the Princesse Baby charges them with fresh troopes causing them retreat to Brampore till a second season Ecbar the great Mogull has notice of their successe and to accilerate another triall intreats Sha Morad his beloved sonne to levie fifteene thousand horse and from Brampore with the other Forces to spoile or conquer those meridionall Provinces merrily the youthfull Prince advances thitherward but during his stay in Brampore grew so excessively venerious and drunken that his radicall vigour became spent his lungs consum'd Suddē death of Prince Morad and death the period of his consumption His sudden farwell struck the Army with such amazement that many Vmbraves to avoyd the suspitious fury of his Father fled nor caring to inhume the carcasse Ecbar heares it sweares they had poyson'd him and vowes requitall his Chancellor the Princes Schoolemaster Abdul Fazel is sent and finding the dead Prince his owne consumer assembles Ganganna Iustoffchan Tzadok-Mamet-Chan Mirza Tzarok and such Vmbraves as were at hand affords them comfort and revokes such as had fled satisfies Ecbar whose was the fault undertakes the Princes charge after hee had sent his carcasse to Delly there to be buried and in small time subdues the Provinces of Chandys or Sanda Berar and many other wealthy places by letters he acquaints the King desires him to forsake Lohore a while having spent twelve Winters Summers there and come to Agra hoping in small time to subject Decan Gulcunda by the Persians call'd Hydrahan Visiapore and other parts of India to his Empire Ecbar A.D. 1595. A. Heg 975 orders his sonne Selym to chastise with fifteene thousand horse Radjea Rana Mardout successour to King Porus and of all the Radgees most powerfull and excellent his rebellion excepted Tzebber Chan followes him with five thousand horse Sha-Cooligan Mharem with three thousand Radgee Shagenat with three thousand and other Vmbraves and Mancebdars with other Forces which digested the great Mogull for Agray leaves Lahore the better to receive intelligences Lahore LAHORE a Citie both vast and famous is competitor for the Title of Metropolis with Agray but for circuit and bravery much more excellent the pole Artick is there advanced 32 degrees 15 minutes the ayre for eight moneths pure and restorative the streets gracefull and pav'd most are cleansed and refreshed by the river Ravee which from the Cassmyrian or Caspiryan mountaines streames most pleasantly to this Citie and after a stately flux of three thousand English miles deepe enough for Juncks of threescore Tun by Tutta flowes into Indus and with her neere Diul at 23 degrees 15 minutes lodges in the Ocean In Lahore are many things observable Pallaces Mosques Hummums or Sudatories Tancks Gardens c. The Castle is large strong uniforme pleasant and bravely seated of stone white hard and polished arm'd with twelve Posterns three of which respect the Towne the rest the Country within a Palace sweet and lovely entred by two gates and Courts the last pointing out two wayes one to the Kings Durbar and Iarneo where hee daily shewes himselfe unto his people the other to the Devon-Kawn or great Hall where every eve from eight to eleven he discourses with his Vmbraves On the
take them for those the Romans call'd Crocutae the Greeks Alopecidae or Lyciscae Multum latrante Lycisca and are either an unnaturall mixture of a Bitch and Fox or doggs from Europe by diversity of ayre and soile varying in specie from what they were formerly observ'd in other things the Indian Ounces what be they but extract from Cats of Europe Spanish doggs in new Spaine in the second litter doe they not become Wolves good Melons being also transplanted into a base and barren ground turne quickly to ordinary Cowcumbers Fourteene dayes are past since we entred Gombroon the place has no such Magick to perswade us to inhabit here Our end is travell why stay we then sure wee were stayed three dayes by the Sultans superstition who upon casting the Dice if the chance prov'd right would let us goe if wrong nigro carbone notatus The foure and twentieth day the Die was right and wee were mounted our little Carravan consisted of twelve horse and 29 Camells the English Agent and other of our owne and some Dutch Merchants attended our Ambassadour a league out of the Towne where the Sultan met us who well pleas'd with the Piscash or Present our Ambassador had given him payed us all a hundred Sallams and Tesselams that is God speed you well God keepe you And lifting up his eyes to heaven his hands to his breast and bending almost unto his stirrop once more bad farewell so returned His men he all the way back played at Giochi di Canni darting at one another very dexterously Wee heard the King was solacing at the Caspian Sea whither now wee are travelling Till then let us keepe an Ephemerides or day-journey The first night from Gumbroon wee rode to Bandally sixteene English miles and most part along the gulph or to compute it in the Persian tongue five farsangs and a halfe a farsang Pliny calls it a parasang which containes thirty stades or foure Italian miles is three of ours or a Dutch league in names only different At Band Ally we found a neat Carravans-raw or Inne the Turks call them Imareths the Indians Sarrays built by mens charity to give all civill passengers a resting place gratis to keepe them from the injury of theeves beasts weather c for through all Asia we find no other receptories nor provision save what we carry along and Kitchin utensils to dresse it in also wee have our water usually in Tancks or Store-houses some made long some round pav'd below above archt and plaistered fill'd by the beneficiall raynes springs are rarely found which albeit the clouds seldome here distill their happy moisture they somtimes breake and then in churlish sort diffude to some purpose for falling in Cattaracts they quickly fill their gaping Jarrs and Cesterns Next night wee got to Gacheen five farsangs further the third night to Cowrestan seven next to Tanghy-Dolon i. e. a narrow way praise-worthy in her Lodge or Carravans-raw but especially in the sweet Crystallin water wee found there It issues from a mighty mountain three miles East thence and in an Aquae-duct sports wantonly to this Tanck whose over plus is received by another Pipe laid in an artificiall way cut marvellously through the bottome of an adjoyning rockie hill into a large Pond which richly mellowes all the Vally resembling Tempe and Town call'd Dolon surrounded with studpendious hills on every side so perpendicular as with few men may bee made impregnable a solitary place it is but exceeding pleasant when from the hill tops wee dazell our sights in view of that sandy stony sterill Desert That dayes journey was foure farsangs Our next daies travell was to Whormoot eleven farsangs thirty three miles where we found a black pavillion in it three old Arabians who out of their Alcoran ingeminated a dolefull requiem to their Brothers carcasse over which they sat their lookes were clouded with pathetick sadnesse their cheekes bedewed with briny teares intending after the Jewish mode Septem ad luctum to solemnise his farewell seven daies singing sighing weeping In teares we finde content For griefe would break our hearts without a vent Est quaedam flere voluptas Expletur lachrimis egeriturque Dolor Nigh Whormoot are Duzgun Laztan-De and other Townes where is got the best Assa-Faetida through all the Orient the tree is like our brier in height the leaves resemble Fig leaves the root the Radish the vertue had need be much it stincks so odiously But though the savour bee so base the sapor is so excellent that no meat no sauce no vessell pleases the Guzurats pallat save what relishes of it Next night we got to Our-mangell five and next day to Larr two miles short of which old City the Cawzy Calantar and other of the prime Citizens welcomed us with wine and other adjuncts of complement Wee had not rode halfe a mile further when loe an antick Persian out of a Poetick rapture clamored out a song of welcome the Epilog was resounded upon kettle Drums Timbrells and Barbarrous Jingle-jangling instruments a homely Venus attired like a Bacchanell attended by many other morisdancers begun to caper and frisk their best lavoltoes every limb strove to exceed each other the Bells brasse Cimbals kettle musick and whistles storming such a Phrygick discord that to consort we might squeak'out Their rustick pipes did jarre with notes that horrid are Barbaraque horribili stridebat tibia cantu For Bacchus then seemed alive agen glasse bottles emptied of wine clashing one against another the roaring of 200 Mules and Asses and continuall shooting and whooping of above two thousand Plebeians all the way so amazed us that wee thought never any civill strangers were bombasted with such a Triumph the noyse that Vulcan and all his Cyclops make were not comparable to these Mymallonians But his quoque finem wee got with much adoe to our lodging infinitly wearied for my owne part I was somewhat deafe three dayes after LARR is a City and Province in Persia on the North limited with Parc or Pharsistan on the East with Carmoan or Carmania has the Persian gulph to the South and to the West Chusistan or Susiana a region a thousand miles in circuit barren and flaming hot full of sand stones a few Date trees Mines and sulphur The City Lar is in the navell of Larestan and raises the North pole seven and twenty degrees and forty minutes some have more twenty eight degrees and thirtie minutes in longitude from the cape Meridian ninty degrees a very old City it is if call'd Laodicaea by Antiochus as Pinetus thinkes in Phrygia and Coelosyria were Townes of the same name in Ptolomy Procopolis by another Greek Corrha after that and now Lar or Laar as some pronounce it a name given her foure hundred yeeres ago by Laarge-beg sonne of Phiroe and grandsonne to Pilaes after whom ruled Gorgion Melec of whom their Cabala feigns wonders to whom followed eighteen Kings of whom Ebrahim-cawn was last subjected Anno hegirae
easily perceived had three some six women about them wrapt in linnen the curiosity or rashnesse rather might have cost me deerely the penalty being no lesse than to shoot an Arrow into his braines that dares to doe it The Carravans lodge here exceeds the Mosque the men in this Towne are proud the women lovely both are curious in novelties but the jealousie of the men confines the temper of the weaker sexes yet by that little they adventured at we might see Vetitis rebus gliscit voluntas One Zenal-chan is the Sultan of this Citie a man of no worth in our opinion he had been Ambassador from Shaw-Abbas to Rodulph the second German Emperour but his late imployment his favour with Abbas his wealth his vexation for Nogdi-beg his Cozen made him so proud so discourteous that albeit the Ambassadour sent to visit him hee return'd no thanks he took no notice of his being there The pole Artick is elevated in Tyroan thirty five degrees forty minutes fourescore in longitude From Tyroan we rode to a Village call'd Charah a base inhospitable place it affoorded us no sustenance but torment so much as the scalding sands and frying Sunne could operate as in too great measure we had experience of From hence to Taurys is two dayes riding The Carravans-raw is thus shaped Carravan-raw TAVRYS the late Median Metropolis takes name from that prodigious mountaine Taurus under which t is builded The Turk and Perse call it Taberyz in the worlds adolescencie 't was known by other names of Achmetha as I read in Ezra after that of Echatana spoken of in the Apocrypha of Amatha also as Cortestan and Cordina others have called her by analogie some have placed her in Syria from a Citie Egbatan converted into Epiphania by Antiochus The primier founder of this noble Citie is Arphaxad as we find in Iudiths History Anno Domini 3290. some say Dejoces predicessor to that valiant Phraortes who flourisht in the yeare of the world 3300 the sixt Dynast of Medya after Arbaces who begun it from Adam 3146. It was agrandiz'd not built as Pliny dreamt of by Seluchus 300 yeares after who at that time begun to build Seleucya 200 pharsangs thence to eclipse the pride of mighty Babylon Such time as shee was called Ecbaton she was farre greater than at this present It was fifteene Italian miles about sayes Strabo The walls were strong and stately seventy cubits high and fifty broad beautified with many loftie Turrets and battlements within were numbred many great and excellent Pallaces that which Daniel built the Mausoleum afterwards of the Median Kings was most magnificent and which remained undemolisht in Iosephus his time and some whiles after That built by Darius was no lesse memorable most part whereof was of Cedar wood the roofe studded and plaited with burnisht gold of both which nothing now remaines save memory and ashes I can hardly say memorie since it is become a question whether Tauryz be old Ecbatan and whether it be in Media or no. If to be under Baronta Diodorus Polybius and Ptolomy call it Orontes if to be in 36 degrees 50 minutes if to have the ruines of Tobyas his grave if to be the buriall place of Kings if to be the Metropolis time out of mind if to be the Citie from Ierusalem N. E. foure hundred forsangs can make it Ecbatan or if the authority of Ananias Petrus de la valle Leunclavius Teixera and of Ortelius will serve let it then be Ecbatan and in Medya Ptolomy's conceit of Tabryz mistaken in the Tau a Gamma printed erroniously for it to be in Assyria by Cedrenus in Armenia by Chalcondyles in Persia by Niger in Pers-Armenia or by Paulus Venetus in Parthya what were these conjectures but from the Monarchique Arch-Titles as Assyrian Armenian or Parthyan as they swayed then and chiefly from the mistake how Armenia is devided part of Armenia major extending South of Araxis into Atropatia a part of Medya and from whence the name Pers-Armeniae is compounded for by Abulfeda Vlughbeg and others the latitude of Taurys complies with Ecbatan At this day Tabryz is great and well peopled traded to from farre albeit it keepes a Garrison It is compast with a mud wall five miles about the houses are flat a top their materiall Sunne-dried Bricks the Buzzar large the Gardens lovely that to the South-East planted by King Tamas was famous but the Turks horses have lately grazed there It wants water in the greatest measure yet of that is not wholy destitute What it lacks in that fire and flame supplies it the Sunne warres rage and civill broyles having more than sufficiently parched her To passe by the mutations of the Empire the Turks first passage six hundred yeares since Tamberlayns rage and the like remember we those two deadly factions the Envicaydarlai and Namidlai for three hundred yeares persecuting one another with implacable wrath drawing into their quarrell nine other Provinces who grew so hatefull amongst themselves that not only this Citie but Medya Armenia were therby half depopulated the Gibelyns nor Roses outmatched them They made an easie entrance to any invader Selym the grand Signieur first espies it and to become an eye-sore to Tamas sonne of Izmael their inveterate Adversarie sends a Bashaw who ransackt it Anno Dom. 1514. Heg 894. without much resistance And Anno 1530. Solyman seconded it with so much furie that it flam'd many dayes the insatiate Turks pillaging without mercie and turning topsie-turvie all they met with and into a Chaos those elaborat walks and gardens Shaw-Tahmas so much gloried in It reviv'd againe and againe is made prostrate to Ebrahim Bassa's luxurie sent by Solyman at the villanous instigation of Vlemus a Persian Traytor and brother in law to the King At which time Anno 1534. Heg 914. the greedie Turks new ransackt it But Anno Dom. 1585. Heg 965. it groaned under most affliction when Ozman the wrathfull Bassa and slave to Amurat the third subdued it and perpetrated all sorts of hostile crueltie till thirtie yeares after by that incomparable Pagan Prince Emyr-hamze-myrza elder brother to Shaw Abbas it was regained rebuilt and fortified against the future insolence of those Barbarians Taurys is distant from Cazbyn seven dayes easie journey from the Mare Caspium as many from Araz six from Derbent eight from Spahawn seventeene from Shyraz thirty from Ormus fifty and from Babylon thirty Next night we made our Manzeill at Sangurrabaut a Town consisting of an hundred Cottages In this place we buried a civill Gentleman Mr. Welflit our comrade under a broad spreading Chenoar tree and fixt a brazen scrole over him which spoke his Name and Nation Mors tua non careat fletu linquamus amicis Maerorem ut celebrent funera cum lachrymis We have deplor'd thy death th' insuing yeares Thy kin shall pay thee Tribute with their teares Next night we slept in the open fields under a bespangled Canopie the Firmament and next in Shaw-De i.e.
the pillar of Faith issued from Solomon David Indah and Abraham Syons prop extract from the Virgins hand sonne of Saint Peter and Saint Paul by the spirit of Nahu by the flesh in these more vagrant than thy other restlesse motions and in vain dost thou seclude thy selfe from view of man by a thin lawne since in thy welling impostumes thy Portraict is discovered a Canker spreading North after the other way to that other kind of Christian by name Inanowich a tyrannick Muscovite whose Coronation Anno Domini 1584 was celebrated with wonderfull magnificence besides his furrs loading himselfe two and thirty bubbles ostentation Welfare Aurelius Saladyn and Tamberlane Heroes as great as victorious and as terrible to the world as any of these monsters wee have named who all their lives detested flattery blusht at their praises and thought themselves unworthy any fastidous Epethites at their burialls causing their wynding-sheet to bee displayd as an Epitomè of all they merited and this a high and oft proclaimed Pulvis Vmbra sumus fumus fuimus c. We left Cazbyn at ten at night therby avoyding Sol's too much warmth and at his first discovery from the Antipodes got into Perissophoon a small Towne but memorable in the sweet coole water we had there to quench our thirst with an Element more usefull than fire in Sun-burnt Asia Our next Manzeil was at Asaph at Begun our next observable in a royall Carvans-raw or Hospitall of charity erected at the cost and care of Tahamas late King of Persia and did the water too brackish and unhealthy there but correspond with other delights it might better merit commendation To Saway we got next night a Towne both great and fruitfull but that it is the ruine of old Tygranocerta as Bonacciolus guesses at I shall never credit that it was Messabatha or Artacana I more easily beleeve it The Pole is here raised 35 degrees 7 minutes a City I may call it It pleasantly upon a rising hill gives ground to twelve hundred houses a sweet rivolet from Baronta refreshing it from which and the peoples industry the thankfull earth retributes a Tribute in variety of choyce fruits and grain as Wheat Rice Barley Figs Pomgranads Olives and Honey the seven the promist land in the 8 Deut. 8. is commended for but whether it bee the relict of Vologocerta built by Vologeses the Parthian I know not I am sure of this no place I ever came in more delighted mee for Aëriall musick of all the Quire the Nightingale twenty together here call'd Bulbulls clayming the preheminence And after so much melancholy with Ovid let me chirp for company Scribere me voces avium Phylomela coëgit Quae cantu cuncta sexuperat volucres Duleis amica veni noctis solatia praestans Inter aves eteanim nulla tibi similis Tu phylomela potes vocûm discrimina mille Mille potis vatios ipsa reserit modos Nam quamvis aliae volucres modulamina tentent Nulla potest modulis aequidare tuis Insuper est avium spatiis garrire diurnis Tu cantare simul nocte dieque potes I must salute the curious Phylomel Which all the birds in singing doth excel Come pretty friend my solace in the night In all the Grove I find no such delight A Thousand warbling Notes thy throat displayes Which thy sweet musick chants as many wayes The vulgar birds may strive to equall thee Yet never can attaine like harmony Their mirth doth last no longer than the day But thine doth chase the silent night away Our next nights travell was over large plains elevated in many parts by artificiall mounts cut into many trenches shewing many famous ruines of passed warres Notable no doubt in many gallant skirmishes and most memorable in Luoullus his captivating Methridates that learned King of Pontus but what that grand Epicure fortunatly got Marc ' Crassus the most covetous and richest Roman lost after his impidus sacriledge at Ierusalem ravishing thence the holy relicks and so much treasure as out-valued six Tun of gold puft up with so much wealth and his victories amongst the Jewes resolves with his fifty thousand men to forrage Persia but Herodes sonne of Methridat the third couragiously opposes him cuts his Army in peeces takes his baggage and the avaritious Consul by Spurnia the Generall is made his prisoner and to glut his thirst divine vengeance so ordering as Tomyris did to Cyrus the Parth ' serv'd Crassus so forcing him to quaffe health to death in pouring downe his throat molten gold and by which Tryumph the Romans power was exterminate in Parthia 53 yeeres before the birth of Christ yet long the Romans sorrowed not for Mark Antony five yeeres after by his Generall affronted them with better successe the Parthians fight nor flight at that time helped them their Prince Pacorus by death disminating them affrighted in greater measure when Phraortes Mezentis some name the parricide depos'd the valiant Orodes from crowne and life treason the Devills vertue perpetrating that the Romans could not do by generous conflict Antony attempts revenge and conquest but adverse luck made him thrive in neither Augustus in whose reigne our blessed Saviour became flesh and Ianus Temple Was opened did by treaty what his predecessors could not do by force prevailing with Phraortes to vaile bonet to the Romans sparkling Dyadem But 230 yeeres after one Artaxerxes a native Persian and royally discended shakes off that loathed servitude not only out-braving the Roman but by a three dayes fight and victory over Artabanus revived the Persian title and name Parthia for above 500 yeeres formerly monarchizing Alexander Severus from Iulius Caesar the 24 Emperour succeeded Heliogahalus or Bassianus the lustfull and receives a pragmatick letter from the new King to re-deliver what antiently adorned the crowne of Persia It repugn'd the Roman Majesty and thereupon marches to give an account but in carelesse passing over Euphrates is so suddenly charg'd by Artaxerxes that hee is routed shamefully his bad luck not ending there for Maximinus the Thracian bereaved him of his Empire the German villaines of his life his vertuous mother Mammaea Origens proselite associating in his death as shee had in glory formerly Licinius Valerianus sirnamed Colobus under-took to rule the Empire and took upon him to over-rule the rising Persian but his big words nor great Army could not do what a Supream Judge had decreed otherwise for Sapores with an undaunted company denies him entrance and in the tryall the Romans were miserably defeated and which was worse Valerian himselfe is imprisoned and to his dying day to the astonishment of all proud Tyrants made a foot-stoole for Sapores to tread upon whensoever he mounted the Justice of Almighty God herein was singularly manifest by compensating the cruell Emperor in this odious servitude for his intollerable pride and rigor against the innocent Christians many thousands of whom he martyr'd amongst whom Saint Lawrence cruelly broyled upon a gridiron But wee have
wandred too farre in reviving the memory of Parthia by this wee are entred Coom where we refresht our scorched and wearied bodies three dayes In which time wee could not chuse but gather something COOM in the latitude of 34 degrees 40 minutes is a City of good note in Parthia placed in the mid-way 'twixt those two royall Cities Cazbyn and Spawhawn It is scituate in an ample and faire sandy plain and yeelds every way an exact horizon Coom gives place to no other Towne in Persia for antiquity the ruines appearing at this day gaine some beleife in the inhabitants whose common saying is it was once comparable to Babylon She has varied into many severall names the first I meet with is Gauna it may bee that which some call Guriana erroniously if so since Guriana has 37 degrees and Coom not 35. Arbacta after that from Arbaces who in the yeere after Adam 3146 tore asunder the Assyrian Dyadem by overture of that monster Sardanapalus the thirty sixt Monarch of the world from Ninus but by Diodore and Ptolomy Coama And by her latitude and antiquity seemes to me to have beene Hecatompylon rather than Spawhawn whose old name was Aspa and from which shee never wholly varied and at this day the latitude somewhat differing changing no lesse in the ill pronunciation of divers men Coim some call it Kom and Kome others the people there name it Koom A pleasant fruitfull and salubrious place it is I can assure you shaken with no great winds clouded with no moist foggs nor so much parcht by flaming Sol but can finde coole refrigerating breezes breathing favourably each morne and evening to refresh it In the Sunnes ambition it has excellent houses to lenifie his beams and umbrellaes in their orchards to shade and taste their delicious fruits in in this City infinity abounding owing their mellowing to a sweet rivolet that streams in a silver current from tke Coronian or Acro-cerawnian hills and grapes also good and in plenty excellent Pomgranads Mellons of both kinds Pomcytrons Apricocks Plums Peaches Peares Pistachoes Almonds Apples Quinces Cherryes Figs wall-Nuts small-Nuts Berryes and the best Wheat-bread in Persia Gumbazellello excepted the Peach or Malae Persica is had here a fruit and leafe so much resembling mans heart and tongue that the Aegyptick Preists dedicated it unto their greatest Goddesse Isis as the truest Hyerogliphick or symbol of unfained affection Coom has two thousand houses most of them of more than common structure well-built well-form'd well furnished the streets are spatious the Buzzar beautifull the Mosque is famous made venerable and richly adorn'd by enshrining the rotten carcasse of once amiable Fatyma Mortis-Ally's wife and sole heyre to Mahomet the Prophet of all Moorish Mussulmen The Temple is round of epirotiq ' forme the Tomb is rais'd three yards high and covered with velvit the ascent is by three or foure steps of refined silver Such time as Tamberlang the victorious Tattar so I may well stile him since in eight yeeres hee conquer'd more than the warlike Romans could in eight hundred returned loaden with spoyle and majestick triumph having hammered the brazen face of the Turkish bravery An. Dom. 1397 Heg 777 this poore Coom parched among many others in the insufferable heat of his incensed fury not from any eye of rage or envie hee darted at him but from that simple affront Hoharo-mirza call'd allso B'heder-cawn spurr'd on by jealousie put upon the triumphant Tattar a complement so much mistaken that losse both of life and Crowne were thereby forfeited making many men Towns concomitate his misery this place esâ—ecially which but for the Ardaveilyan Syet requesting mercie and for Fatyma's Sepulchre had beene levell'd with the lowly earth ploughed up and salted but in the sable weed she now is apparelled shee may sigh with melancholy Statius Death is the common friend to all for what ere yet begun shall end Quicquid habet Ortus finem timet ibimus omnes Ibimus From Coom we rode to Zenzen and thence to Cashan a gallant Citie from Coom six and thirty miles the way was easie and plaine but somewhat sandie CASHAN where the Artique elevation is 34 degrees 7 minutes longit 86 deg is the second Towne in Parthya for all sorts of praises Spawhawn is her Metropolis whence shee is distant North sixty English miles and from Cazbyn South two hundred and ten or there-abouts Whence the name derives it selfe the illiterat Cashanians could not tell wee must therefore search the dim leaves of Time oblitterated by oblivion I know not whether it be that old Ambrodax in many old Authors famoused the position not name makes mee guesse it I once thought it was Ctesiphon the best seat of the Arsacidae but I now perceive Ptolomy states that Towne 'twixt Seleucia and Babylon more probably it may be that Tigranocerta recorded by Straho in his Chorography than that Saway is it after Bonacciolus The name Cashan I imagine is borrowed either from Cushan in the Syriack signifying heat or blacknesse or from Cassan-Mirza sonne to Hocen sonne of Ally or from Shaw-Cashan sonne to Axan begot by Tangrolipix Anno Heg 582 of our account 1202 subjected by the great Cham or which best pleases me from Vsan-Cashan the Armenian Acen or Cassan-beg some call him who in the yeare of our Lord 1470 of Mahomets hegira or flight from Mecca 850 vanquisht Malaoncres call'd Abdulla also the last of Tamerlangs Progeny ruling Persia Cashan at this day is a great and lovely Citie well seated well built well peopled over-topt by no hill unseasoned by no marishes watered by no great streame which augments the heat chiefly when Sol resides in Cancer which rages there in no lesse violence is Scorpio not that in the Zodiack but reall stinging Scorpions which in great numbers ingender here It is a little Serpent a finger long but of great terror in the sting inflaming such they prick with their invenom'd Arrow so highly that some die none avoyd madnesse a whole day and as it was said of another Vna eademque manus fert vulnus opemque so to such as are stung by Scorpions is no such remedy as by the oyle of Scorpions to be cured The Serpents head joyn'd to the wounded part Fitly is said to heale th' infected smart Like Telaphus cur'd by Achilles dart Quae nocuit serpens fertur caput illius apte Vulneribus jungi sanat quae sauciat ipsa Vt Larissaea curatus Telaphus hasta And from hence growes that much us'd Persian adage and curse May a Scorpion of Cashan sting thee But which is more remarkable they say it we found it true some of them creeping into our Ruggs as we slept they never hurt a stranger Cashan is not lesse than York or Norwich above foure thousand families are accounted in her the houses are fairely built the streets be large and comly the Mosqus and Hummums are curiously painted and ceruleated with a feigned Turquoise the Buzzar is spatious and
of farre greater extent and power fifty yeeres ago till the Syamite pluckt forceably from her Dyadem many brave and wealthy Seigniories howbeit she is yet commandresse of many Ilands Monym Barongo Nogomello Duradura Cocos c. Pegu by Castaldus supposed that old City Triglipton in Ptolomy has Artique elevation 16 degrees 40 minutes a Citie walld with good stone beautified with many Turrets and parrapets and to issue out and enter in shewes foure faire Gates and twelve posternes prettily built and made more safe by that deep Moat or Trench fild with Crocodiles that circumvolves her the streets are not many but large and broad they are and seldome crooking afore every doore the houses are all low growes a pleasant tree whose fruit and wholsome shade makes them double usefull It is divided into two the new Towne and the old the old is most great and best inhabited The Varellaes or Temples and Sudatories are observable each Varella farcinated with ugly but guilded Idolls that at Dogonnee is not a little memorable for structure and ornament out-braving any other in the Orient the wildernesse about it and antick superstition might chalenge a copious description which I forbeare having other things to denotate This Kingdom is full of al earthly delights blessings of Nature Gold Silver Lead Iron also Smaragds Topaz Rubies Saphyres Garnats Emralds Espinells and Cats-eyes as also Ryce Caravances long Pepper Sugar Benoyn Musk Gum-lack Cotton Callicoes and what else a reasonable man can lust after But all these if they were centuplied are not able to make them truly happy wanting the true pearle that which the godly Merchant bought though to obtaine it he sold all his fraile wealth and possessions for albeit the holy Apostle Saint Thomas brought them blessed tidings of salvation yet they quickly lost the true light delighting to this day in obscure and loathed sinnes the Kyacks fild with base Idolatry insomuch that father Bomferrus an old Franciscan after foure tedious yeeres labour to reduce them to some knowledge of the Church of Rome came home desiring rather as did S. Anthony to preach among piggs than such a swinish generation The truth is they beleeve they know not what and Quaenam est ista simplicitas neseire quod credas sayes Hierom against the Luciferians yet some what if all be true he tells us wee gather from his observation that they beleeve the world consisting of Heaven Sea and Earth had foure Creations and for impiety was foure times destroyed by Fire by Wind by Water and by Earthquakes each Age or World governed by a severall tutelarie Numen or God miserable only in this that he was transitory and not omnipotent nor immortall they reckon that the last destruction of the world death of their last God was thirty thousand yeeres ago and that in Plato's great yeere all shall once more suffer a chaos They imagine a great Lord omniscient omnipotent and immortall lives and rules in Heaven but they do not worship him in that Satan tels them he desires it not they beleeve a revivification of the body after death and co-union with the soule and Bomferrus beleeves it confesse a three-fold receptacle of soules departed Nashac Nishac and Schua Heaven Hell and Purgatory by which that holy Frier convinces us of more ignorance than these Pagans but wee beleeve it never the sooner since the Devill is their instructer yea who dictates their profession Their habit is thin and fine it differs little from that they have in Industant and Syam but in this they varie they weare no beards they dye their teeth black in that Dogs teeth are white whom they hate to imitate they also cut and pluck their flesh to become braver than other Nations I have told you the best of Pegu the worst is also memorable In lesse than a hundred yeeres ago the Peguan Monark was farre more powerfull and formidable than at this present his Dyadem then sparkled with a gallent lustre twelve wealthy Kingdomes at that time acknowledged Pegu their Soveraigne Some of those Provinces are well knowne to us as Syam Auva Kavelan Barmaw Iangomer Tangram Cablan Lawran Meliotalk c. out of which hee yeerely extracted as tribute-money two Millions of crownes and had a Million of men to serve him at all occasions but this hardly could content him for by a two losty conceit of his Monachick greatnesse he grew efflated and to contemne others as too base to fix his eyes upon Tyranny succeeded his pride and decadence or destruction of his Empire Tyranny for the Auvan King when he found no priviledge by being Uncle to the Emperour of Pegu nor that he was his loyall subject he swells with rage and breaks asunder his silver yoak of hated servitude howeit ere hee could ripen his designes the Peguan has notice and so suddenly arrests him that in amazement he acknowleges his fault and begs his mercy but the Peguan King forthwith beheads him and to terrifie others by his example makes no difference 'twixt nocent and innocent his wife his children and forty other whom he most respected concomitating the miserable Auvan King in that sad Tragedy It was terrible Justice no doubt but rather exasperated others to new rebellions the most incenst and greatest in power was the Siam King who seeing his owne incertaine standing any occasion breeding jealousie and the least jealousie bringing death from his conquerour hee suddenly breaks out and with all the forces he could make by money or promises ere the Peguan was return'd from Auva in short time enters Pegu and apparantly made knowne his high rebellion the Peguan threatens terrible things and to effect them opposes the Siamite with an Armie of nine hundred thousand fighting men but that world of men could not contrarie the decree of a more powerfull King for such was the confused haste he made precipitated by furie such the hate his crueltie had defam'd him with and such the affright his uncles Malus Genius as Caesars did Brutus every where opposed him with that in three houres fight his monstrous multitude turne raile and willingly yeeld themselves a prey to the inraged axe of war chosing rather to dy than any way to increase the Paguan's pride so as the Siamite triumphs the Peguan hastens back to raise more men to trie a second fortune The Siamite not willing to ingage himselfe too far returnes the Peguan is almost there as soone as he all the way burning and destroying all he met with the Siam King armes himselfe with the Foxes skin he refused to fight not that he feared but that he knew an easier way whereby to assure his conquest the Pegu darts many fiery defiances calls him rebell coward and what not not dreaming of his stratagems for ere hee could leave his trenches the swift and mighty river Suhan Mean some call it sweld desperately broke ore her bancks and flasht so violent into the Peguan army that for want of boates and others
than their tayles which is of like use with them the Proboscis is to the Elephant their mouths are very wide at one gulph able to swallow horse or man their teeth are ingrailed they have no tongue nor can they move their upper jaw-bone their bellies are penetrable backs hardly to be peirced the brumall quarter they fast from food but the rest of the yeare devoure all sort of prey with much voracity and gredinesse No lesse notable is the Females burthen sixty dayes passe ere she lay her egs and which be commonly sixtie numbred sixtie dayes shee conceales them and when she sits sixtie dayes consume in hatching and to agree in one sixtie yeares is usually the Age of this detested beast fish or Serpent by Sea-men improperly cald Alligator corrupted from Allergardos a mixture of Spanish and Alman language the name Crocodile is taken a croceo colere or per Antiphrasin quòd crocum timeat It is the most obnoxious of all sea monsters and rightly becomes the Dissemblers epithite In quibus est astutia Hyaenae piet as Crocodili the Aegyptians of impudency awed by none save the Ichnenmon who steales into his belly and gnawes his guts whiles he opens his chaps to let the little Trochil pick his teeth which give it feeding Hence saile we by many small Iles as Marrah and Lampon in the straits of Sundy so named by Ptolo. and from a point and Town in the next great Iland Of Polygundy also we might speak but love not to land there paenitisse juvabit such bad luck by malevolent Venus or ill dyet had our late plantation wherby the Monopoly died with them out of their graves only springing a new deterring name of Kill abundance But cast we Anchor an ozier ground and fix our wandring eyes upon a more delighted object Iava an I le both great wealthy and famous Insula Iabadiae Niger ghesses it Of Java major IAVA the greater is an I le nigh the Bengalan Sea declining seven some observe nine degr 40 minutes towards the Antartick Pole from the Equinoctiall and in the 120 degrees of longitude From East to West it stretches one hundred and fifty leagues or of english miles foure hundred and fifty from North to South nintie leagues or two hundred and seventie miles the midland is for the most part mountainous and ill peopled the marittim low and populous the first is windy but conducing to health the latter marish and insalubrious It is full of small villages and inhabitants the sea coast by reason of trade for pepper has Townes well built most wealthy and best defended upon the North side and to the N.E. especially are Bantam Palamban Iackatra new named Batavia by the Duch but formerly Sunda-Calapa by the Inhabitants Iaparra Tuban Iortan Greecy Chyringin Serebaya c. Bantam is under Antartick declination or latitude 6 degr 20 minutes and of westerly variation 3 degrees the biggest Citie in the Iland ownd by the Natives built well nigh two miles long distinguisht into a Buzzar the Pengrans Pallace a few streets and at the furthest end the Cheneses live together in low built dwellings Of it selfe it affords nothing save ryce pepper and cotten woll though indeed pepper for the greatest part is brought hither by the crafty but infinitely industrious Chyney men who each Ianuary anchor here and unload their Iuncks or Prawes from Iamby Borneo Malacca and diversother places making Bantam their Magazen or Beehive out of which they furnish the English other merchants These Chyneses are men of peace voluptuous venereous costly in their sports great gamesters and in trading over subtle for young Christian merchants oft-times they are so wedded to dicing that after they have lost their whole estate wife and Children are stak't and parted with yet in little time by gleaning here and there he will be able to redeeme them if not at the day they are sold in the market The lavan Kings are five Viceroys I might better call them foure of them are subordinate to the Mattaran's command who is able to bring unto the field 200000 desperate slaves black but valiant they have small order or pollicy in warre yet dare attempt any thing they are so forward The climate burnes so fiercely that little apparell pleases them most goe most part naked they use lances darts arrowes and shields but their sole braverie is in their crizes a weapon commonly two foot long broad waved sharp edgd and small pointed but against the lawes of Nature and honour basely poisoned the hilt or handle is usually of wood or horne some have them of gold silver and Ivory cut into the crooked shape or figure of a deformed Pagod yet were they a thousand times more ugly these savages would dare to adore them especially in that they aske the Idoll on their creast pardon after they have perpetrated homycide or such like villany a trick us'd by Lewes the eleventh to the Crucifixe in 's hat to his eternall infamy But these â—avans are drunck in their demonomy they the more earnestly imbrace it by how much their poysoned natures abhorre honesty They trade in murthers adulterie thests rapine deceit and all kinds of knaveries Magique also and Astrologie delights them a study their Priests are execellent in and in which Satan instructs them the better to oblige their gratitude and to worship him as the Apollo of knowledge which wee inculcate and abominate yea say with Isaiah Is there any God besides the Lord Iehovah yea there is no God we know not any Isa 44. hee maketh the diviners mad hee turneth the wise men backward and maketh their knowledge foolish Let us not learne the way of the heathen Ier. 10. they are altogether brutish and foolish his molten Image is falshood and there is no breath in them they are vanity and in the day of account they shall perish But in the Lord shall all true beleevers bee justified and shall glory These people know better how to swim than navigate yet are not ignorant in sea affaires nor want they vessels to doe mischiefe in Their chiefe delight is hunting Tygres Ounces and such beasts as give chase and resistance They know Mahomet in some parts of the I le who as an infectious ayre is suckt by many people of remote Ilands Friendly they are to English men and delight to serve them especially since the Duch forced Iacatra from them betwixt whom is such mortall variance that fifteen ryalls is given by either as a reward for each prisoner dead or alive either people can take nor is there ever hope of true Amity with Barbarians The Oran-kays or best sort of people here are lasie sociable but not to bee too much trusted they suppose themselves descended from Chyna in a Iunck 700 yeares ago forced hither by Tuffon or tempest They are proud and weare their hayre pretty long and about their crispes wreath a valuable Shash or Tulipant go naked to to the wast where they gird them
the Sea of Edom the Hebrewes call it Zuph or Saph or Mare Algosum from Sea weeds or Sargassoes here abounding Some Mare Elanixicum from Aelana a neighbouring Port and Towne and others the Gulph of Mecca and Arabia fictitious Thevet calls it Zocoroph Bohar Colzun the Arabs Zahara some and others Brachia a Sea most memorable for the miraculous passage Almighty God gave Moses and the Israelites neere the Sues of old Arsinoe and for Solomons fleet at Ezion Geber or Moha thence setting out for the gold of Ophyr To returne when the Portugalls had got Socotora and a hundred other places in India and Araby Albuquerque their Golias by much adoe anno 1520 took Aden boasting that he was then sole Emperour of India Qua victa saith Osorius putabat Indiae Imperium fore sempiternum Humanum est errare or else Albuquerk might be blemished for in few yeares they not only lost this but many other Forts of greater consequence in India October 18 we had the wind pretty faire Our observation that day being 17 degrees our longitude 19 from Mohelia the wind less'ned and weather grew flaming hot no Stove or Sudatory exceeding it it made us very faint yet having past through as bad it seemed lesse torment to us But Mahomet the Persian Merchant whose father Hodgee Suare died in London the yeare before could hold out no longer a Feaver drawing him through the path of death Mahomet converted a happy man if throwing away the raggs of Mawmetry hee roab'd his soule with true faith in Christ they say he call'd upon him twice happy man if unfaignedly At his putting into the Sea the Captain honour'd his funeral with the sky rending clamour of foure Culverin shot leaving his carcasse to the mercy of the Sea and Fish a sure treasurie till the resurrection The seventeenth of November to our comfort we descried terra ter ex optata the coast of India in fifteene degrees latitude and 32 of longitude the ill weather having driven us to Lee-ward many leagues that very place where Goa Barigaza of old is seated the bravest best defended Citie in the Orient the Magazeen refuge seat of Justice of the insolent and gold-thirsty Portugall The Citie is not visible to such as Navigate in the Ocean being built three houres journey within the land in Tilsoare an I le of 30 miles circuit surrounded by a river streaming from the mighty mountaine Bellaguate Goa is compast with a strong and beautifull wall proud in her aspiring Turrets dreadfull in many sorts of tormenting Cannons her strength and beauty begun from the Decan Emperours Zabaym and Idalcan Goa from whom anno 1509 Albuquerque conquer'd it but agrandiz'd from the Lusitanian the great Buzzar or Market is in center of the Towne richly built pleasant and capacious The other streets are after the Indian mode narrow and nasty the buildings in generall are spatious and comly dark within tarrassed and sutable to the seasons 't is watered with a delicious streame which by benevolence of the ayre refreshes the fields forcing Flora to dismantle the gardens be also fill'd with variety of sweet and eye-pleasing flowers the whole I le abounds with grasse corne groves cattell fruits and such sence ravishing delights a reasonable man can require above 20 little Townes are seene in this 30 miles compasse In Goa is nothing more observable than the fortifications the Viceroy and Archbishops Pallaces and the Churches Field peeces here are numbred above 300 the Pallaces are strong of good stone furnisht within with rich Arras and painting the Churches of best rank are that dedicated to the blessed Virgin Mother of God in which is kept the bones and skull of Saint Thomas the Apostle holy Reliques brought 50 yeares agoe from Meliapore by Emanuel Frias at command of Iohn successour to Emanuel Kings of Portugall St. Pauls St. Dominie St. Katherine St. Savior and others in which are prest downe the bones of restlesse Albuquerque buried in the yeare 1516 of d' Acugnia of Don Francisco and that late canonized Chyna St. Francis Shyvier the Navarrean Jesuit who died anno 1552. 4 December aged 55 and rubricated by Pope Gregory 15. 12 March 1622 when many more were Sainted We hasted hence towards Swally judging the worst past the Indian shoare all our way in view us and the sea every where 20 leagues from land anchorable But sure all peace comes from above and mans heart abounds with vanity for upon a sudden the element grew dreadfull the wind to rore the sea sublime and wrathfull for three dayes space raging incessantly with such fury that we verily beleeved a Tuffon or Herocane was begun a Tempest of 30 dayes continuance so terrible that houses and trees are like dust afore it many great ships having beene blowne a shoare and shattered once in nine yeares it uses to thunder among them presag'd by birds and beasts who three or foure dayes before it bluster cry out and runne under ground for shelter as if an overture of all the world were ensuing But praised be God wee were deceived we mist a Tuffon but not a second disadventure this storme forcing a Mallabar Junck a Pirat in view of us our Ordnance could not reach them though the longest Saker we had vomited the fire of defiance at them whereby we were forced in way of honour to chase her with Barges mann'd with fifty Musquetiers But Vela damus quamvis remige Navis eat We made too much haste in boarding her being entertain'd with such store of Fire-works and Granados a volley of cruell shafts in a word we were opposed with so much desperate courage that after small hurt to them wee retreated with shame the better halfe slaine hurt and scalded our ships all the while being made an unwilling Theater of this Affront the wind forbidding them to retaliate The 22 of November the wind abated and wee found ground at forty fadomes many Snakes swimming about our ships which with the waters changing colour assured us we were neere the shoare the last storme had puzled us and soone after we discerned land in 19 degrees 35 minutes latitude and 29 in longitude which by its towring height we knew to be Dabul and then St. Iohn de vacas a Towne subject to the Portugall at the South end especially mounting in an ambitious piramid of Natures work named Saint Valentin's peake the land continuing high from thence to Gundavee a hill six leagues short of Swalley road a round hillock and bay of importance unto Mariners St. John The seven and twentieth day of November we hal'd an Indian piscadoro abord us never was Antick better habited he told us of many enemies but we were fearelesse after long toyle tiding up with streame anchors every sixt houre weighing and dropping in short time we got to Choul and then against Daman a lovely towne lorded by the Portugalls and conspicuous to passengers at the North end it has a Castle large strong and daring the
victory The death of these great men so afflicted the whole Armie that throwing away all hopes of conquest each man fled which way his fancie directed him Tzaitsi-chan Governour of Brodera excepted who thought it too great a blemish to his honour to turne taile having five hundred horse and three Elephants as yet lusty and couragious but what could his opppsition do when Saffin-cawn in person with his victorious troops affronted him to contend were madnesse and therefore upon intreatie yeelds and has faire quarter gives him but his example could work but little with Ma'met-Cooly his sonne for hee imagining his Father had done cowardly with forty horse and one Elephant flies to Abdul-cawn who received little joy in such an untimely expression being burthened with sorrow and disgrace but bids him do as he did flie to avoyd the swift rage and pursuit of the Enemy In the flight Motsaib-cawn is brought back to Saffin-cawn and Abdul-cawn by unexpected onsets of the Coolies and high-way roagues as also by intollerable tempests amazed beaten and discouraged hastens to Baroch next day to Surrat and after eight daies refreshment and some fresh companie to Brampore to attend Curroons command and make provision for reparation of his honour never till then so notoriously blemished BAROCH where the pole septentrionall is elevated twenty one degrees fifty five min. is a Citie of good note in the Gusarat Province Baroch distant from Surrat by Cosumbay and Periaw foure and thirtie english miles from Cambaya fifty foure from Amadavad a hundred twenty foure from Brampore two hundred and eleven or there abouts It is seated in a beneficiall soyle watered by Narvar or Nardabah a sweet and delightfull river which from the Decan mountaines commixing with the Tappee flowes through Brampore hither and at Hansot a Village eight course lower separates and makes a pretty Isle and a small houres travell thence in two streames foure miles asunder incorporates with the briny Baroch is visible by reason of her high standing a good way distant built upon the best advantages of Nature and Art both so excellently contending as makes it at first view seeme impregnable she is well peopled and with such as extract great wealth by land and water the buildings are generally submisse and low especially those below the mountaine In quondam times her royalties were more spacious as soveranizing over many Townes of quality a great way removed as Medapore seventy miles thence Radgee-pore or Brodera eighty Iownbasser thirty c. each of which now enjoy peculiar Podestates howbeit as Merchants tell us the Mogul has received hereout as annuall tax or tribute one Million two hundred and threescore thousand mammoodees or shillings in our money 'twixt Baroch and Amadavad is intombed Polly-Medinae a Mohumitan Saint excessively reputed of by the superstitious people who in way of meritorious pilgrimage flock thither loaden with chaines or stones and locking up their mouthes from speaking vanity by such penance to obtaine children health wealth or what they lust after But to our story A.D. 1622. A.H. 1002. Iangheer during these offenssive broyles resides at Fettipore and heares of Abdul-cawns presumption and Curroons new rebellions hee sleepes unquietly and can take no rest till both of them receive due punishment he calls Sultan Perwees his sonne acquaints him with his affliction gives him order to levy some forces wherewith to persecute his traiterous Brother and those out-lawed Umbraves that attended him Curroon rebells and is beaten Perwees intreating Mahobet-chan to accompany him with 50000 horse moves against Curroon by the way he imprisons Mirza-chan Abdul-chans sonne but lately to Iangheers grandchild marryed and by order is sent manacled to Ethabarchan in Agra castle to be confined whiles Abdul Azief-chan by Abdulchans deceit brought to Curroons party escapes submitts to the Mogul and is pardoned Curroon has notice of the approach of his enemies so that from Azmeer he hasts to Mandow to augment his Army with a setled determination to bid them battell Perwees followes him and pitches ten English myles from his brothers campe and next morning drawing out his men assayles him who at the first shock by mishap of Rustan chan and Berkendaschan falls back and lets the enemy possesse his trenches in a word Perwees has the day and Curroon flies to Brampore his old receptacle Ganganna noting Curroons sadnesse makes it an advantage of his treachery he perswades the Prince to send him to mediate a peace with Perwees with an intent to deliver him into his hands having precontracted with Beyrambeg and Darab-chawn to seize him who to that end had ambushed neere the river Nardebah 20000 horse but Abdul chan disswades Curroon assuring him of Ganganna's villany Ganganna escapes the conspiracy comes to light and Beyrambeg with his associate is loaden with irons placed on an Elephant and with some selected troopes leaves Brampore and flyes into Decan where by Melec Ambar glad of such confusion he is welcomed and seated in Nassier-Throm where he dictates patience his Elephants and men are sent to Daultabat till he recalled them Sultan Perwees and Mahobet-chan enter Brampore and here whither Curroon was travelled They give Iangheer notice of their good fortune and hee celebrates it with no lesse joy than as if hee had triumpht over a dangerous enemy But behold this faire Sun-shine of content is inveloped with an unexpected cloud of storme and danger I'hen Thouz an Ouzbeg Tartar of long time watching some fit occasion to forrage the Moguls Territories by Curroons unquietnesse spies it with thirty thousand horse overruns Chabul perpetrating all sorts of spoyle and mischefe Iangheer exclaimes and rages violently but so soone as hee had given vent to this his swelling passion he sends post to Zaed-cawn son to Mahobet-cawn Viceroy of Bange to retaliate him this young Gallant delaies not but with twenty thousand horse interposes 'twixt the Citie and Tartarr gives him so furious a charge that Ihen Thouz is afraid to suffer it by base flight leaving his honour halfe his men and store of wealth to Zaed-cawn and by his joviall troopes to be rifled after which they enter Tartary and as farre as Gassany burne spoyle and make havock of what they meet with returning with great wealth and many Elephants to Kabul where with all acclamations of joy they are welcomed and by Iangheer so accepted of that he sends Zaed-cawn many thanks and adds to his former troopes 5000 as an augmentation of more honor and benefit This cloud once over-blowne the Horizon appeares more glorious and Iangheer contemplates in what part to enjoy with his beloved Noor-mahall most pleasure Cassimeer at length gets the preheminence It abounds with variety of choyce sports but the progresse was long and remote from most places whence in those active times hee was to receive intelligences howbeit delight swaied him against all objections giving Curroon by that distance so faire an advantage that with all speed sending his Umbraves word to follow
The Inhabitants are most part naked and merit as naked a relation they are a mixture of Jewes and Mahomitans both of them a swarthy deformed generation for generally in this City they are blear-eyd rotten tooth'd and mangy legd the violent heat and poysonous waters causes it the habit of the greater part of them is only a wreath of Callico tyed about their heads their mid-parts are circled with a Zone of vari-colored plad and have Sandalls upon their feet elsewhere being naked some indeed have shashes of silke and gold tulipanted about their heads they roab themselves in coats or Cabays of Satten and especially inrich their fingers with rings of silver set with Turqueises or Cornelians and in which they affect to have ingraven their owne name or some selected posie out of the Alcoran upon their thumb they commonly weare a ring of horne which makes the arrowes go off strong and easily their crooked swords also afford them no small delight the blades being exceeding good the hilts no lesse valuable for they are of gold In this City should bee a river and that not a small one if our Geographick Maps were true but they erre egregiously for here not only is no river but also none else is to bee found in a hundred miles travell go which way you will for both by inquiring of many Persians our own experience in further travell I could neither heare of nor see any neerer us than Tabb famous in her separating Susiana from Carmania and from Larr westward about 5 small daies journey hence or that other of Cyre over which we rode twixt Shyraz and old Persepolis some small brooks wee rode over but rivers no man must dare to call them since none of them in bredth or depth exceed 3 foot West of Larr is Iaarown twenty farsangs or threescorce English miles thence it is a Town consisting of a thousand Jewish families some make it their rode to Shyraz but the way is extreame stony and mountainous bad for horsemen worse for ill-shod Camells These Jewes or Jehuds as the Persians call them are a remnant of those foure Tribes Salmanassar son to Tyglath Pilezer the Assyrian King forc't from Samaria Anno Mundi 3220. placing them in Hala Hara and Ghabor by the river Gozan Cities of the Medes the Towne I do but imagine so is named from Iaarim a memorable Towne in Canaan they have some Sinagogues but no high Priests the Mosaicall Law they have wonderfully corrupted they are to this day a hardharted subtle people very cowardly rich but odious to all other religions most remarkable is a precious liquor or Mummy growing here Mumnaky-koobas they call it a liquor which none dare take for all is carefully lookt to for the King It distills in June only from the top of those stupendious Mountaines every yeere about five ounces a moist redolent gumme it is soveraign against all sorts of poyson and if we may beleeve them a Catholicon for all wounds and most diseases when other Princes send this King presents of gold pearle or other costly devices he sends them back a little of this Balsome as a full remuneration These Mountaines are famosed in story After Alexander had preyed and sacrificed in Susa betrayd by Abulites a time-serving Satrapa he led his wanton Army towards Persepolis his neerest passage was over these hills of Iaarown in those dayes cald Pilae Persidis and Susaidae where to his amazement he was so beaten by Ariobarzanes a Martialist and his small company that contrary to the pace and honour of the worlds Monarch he was constrain'd to retreat apace and shamefully to avoyd that thundering storme of stones and arrowes The eleventh of February we left Larr Codges-Obdruzy the Governor furnished us to Shyraz with Mules very poore ones the Asses they return'd upon no matter Mules are Emblems of sobriety our Harbinger or Mammandore in Persian was an honest Cozelbash and would be sure hopefull of some reward and because his part lay therein at every place where we made our Manzeel or rest to provide us good lodging and such meat as the country would affoord us by vertue of his authority domineering over the wretched Rusticks more than pleased us he would proffer them a little mony for what he liked if they refused to take it he took it then by force and Alla Soldado payd them in big words and bastinadoes in miserable slavery the pesants live a soldiers life is here the most honourable and safest The first night we pitcht our Tents not far from Larr but were stopt next day by an immoderate flood of raine that made the earth so slippery as our Cammells glib-hoofes could not foot it the raine falls seldome here but when it comes they both feele and heare it some times it raises such a Deluge as sweeps men and houses away six yeeres ago in this place a Caravan of two thousand Camels perisht by the fury of it The foureteenth day wee rode to Deachow or Techoo which signifies a Towne under a hill where we see many prettie Tombs not any without his grave-stone and an Arabick memoriall The Alcoran commands that none be buried in Cities for feare the noysome Carcasses infect the living but in a Gemitery nigh the most publique highway that by viewing the Sepulchers of the dead the Romans did the like the Aegyptians had them in their banquetting houses they might contemplate their mortality A mile from this Towne we view'd threescore black Pavillions black without within full of female beauties the Persians call them Vloches the Arabs Kabilai the Turq'stans and Armenians Taiphae the Tartars Hoords the Antients Nomades of whom the Poet thus Nulla domus plaustris habitant migrare per Arva Mos atque errantes circumvectare Penates Their Carts their houses are their sole delight To wander with their house-Gods day and night I cannot chuse but wander a little if I keepe such company Vertue the Trophy of a refin'd ambition is purchased by embracing the excellent and wholsome Notions of an humble soule of a well-temper'd spirit whose heavenly radiance respects no other object with delight save vertue from which pure streame flowes Moderation to whose excellencie next to spirituall sacrifice wee may safely devote our best endevours So apt to every immodest Act is mans corrupt disposition that to enjoy sensuality he conceits vertue though never so gorgeously arrayed foule and deformed till moderation force him to a strict account and discover how much he erred in preferring intemperance before the transcendent qualities of a vertuous life and from whence when we contemplate the contented life and poverty of these Vloches needs must wee condemne our selves of lothsome ryot For how free from unseasonable care pale Envie affrighting Tumult and nasty surfet doe these enjoy themselves happy Conquerors how mutually doe they accord how joyfully satiate Nature in what is requirable Heare Lucan praising them O prodiga rerûm Luxuries nunquam parvo contenta paratu Discite
a vent in heat of fury he againe assaulted them they retaliate his hate with such dexterity that many Coosel-bashes expir'd their last and so many others were bruis'd that they begun a common mutiny protesting to returne whiles possible upbrayding the Generall that he knew not how to use a victory that Bahaman was theirs Mount Taurus theirs and doubted not but they would do homage if the Shaw would so honour him that with more credit and gaine they could oppose the Turk or Indyan The Generall is plung'd into a deadly Dylemma If he could infuse patience and make them stay hee knew not how to mount the Castle if he returned without full conquest he knew his head should off Ferrat-cawn Oliverdi-cawn Kurchichy-cawn and other brave Captaines for like faults being that yeere beheaded Hee machinates at length another triall he releases Bahaman upon his knees beseeches pardon vowing he us'd this seeming discourtesie but to try his excellent temper that his leave to go back was granted him either to go or stay as pleased him that Abbas his Master had sent for him and that he should depart more joyfully could he but be so happy to see his sons whom for valour and policy he admired above all mortall creatures that if any Articles and Truce might reciprocally bee signed to oh what content it would affoord and fetter him in a thousand slavish ingagements Bahaman is over-joyed at this Syren never did musick to his dull eares sound more melodiously some Magick spell sure had infatuated him he beleeves the Persian and gives a Sardonick smile to think how blest hee was in this attonement he dictates a pathetick letter and is permitted to shew his joy at a distance to his sonnes A nefarious messenger delivers it and bewitches the well-nigh distracted Princes with such piscashes and presents of worth that accepting them and joying at the easie Articles they consult and fearing to irritate so Potent a neighbour to further mischiefe the Queene also provoking them downe contrary to the soldiers who presag'd by many submissive diswasions their ruine downe they go relying on the perfidy of the Generall who sounds for joy and carries them to their endeared Father twixt whom was shewed love and obedience in the height of both the Generall presents them a solemne banquet but death attended them For when these three were blessing their good destiny smiling in a mutuall consent of love the Generall gives the signe and at one instant three Coosel-bashes standing by with their slicing Semiters whipt off their heads all three at one moment made immortall and ere this villany was spread abroad by vertue of their seales they made the men above descend and yeeld the Castle some receiving mercy some destruction By that detested policy yoaking in slavery this late thought indomitable Nation such was the miserable end of Meleq ' Bahaman and two hopefull Princes forgetfull of warres subtleties and how Aladeule their neighbour King of Anti-Taurus for playing fast and loose with Selim first Emperour of Turqs by equall credulity gave a like issue to his life and Kingdome Opposit to this Castle is erected the Sepulcher of Bahamans beloved Queene in the high-way as wee passed t is of foure equilateralls elevated eight yards high the materiall is of stone well squar'd and plaster'd with white very apparant and comely A long mile from this Sepulcher and higher up into the Aire is the high peak of Damoan by Strabo in his 11. lib. call'd Iasonia whose top shaped like a Pyramid surmounts all the other parts of Taurus up which defatigating hill we crambled with no small difficulty and from whence wee could discover the Caspian Sea eightscore long miles distant thence 't is above compos'd of sulphur which causes it to sparkle each night like Aetna a pleasant object to the eye but is so offensive to the smell that it requires a nosegay of Garlick in the ascending hence most part of Persia and Chaldaea has their brimstone the reason why we rode up was out of curiosity to see the baths so generally resorted to so excellently famous Three are incircled with strong stone-walls and two are open The first are for those of quality the other in common and hither in August people flock apace from remote parts decrepit and diseased in mighty multitudes How are we tost by Fortune when we keep At Sea we see the wonders of the deep And tremble at the danger where we dive Under the hideous waves When we arrive On land we think us happy But ere long We must to work againe and climb the strong And craggy Mountains reaching up to Heaven Each down-cast look is death each way uneven Dants our thick-panting hearts lest if we misse One step we head-long fall the precipisse The top like fierce Vesuvim Sulphur spits The mid-way wholsome Baths which cute all fits Of agues aches palsie and the stone All epileptick fumes as if alone Nature had chose this place to plant in these The Art of Galen and Hypocrates Now whether this hill take denomination from Damoan five farsangs thence or the Towne from it I cannot argue but from the signification a Second plantation the Jewes have a Cabala that Noahs Ark rested here Noahs Ark. not only from the super-eminency of the hill but Vines and Zone fitting a seminary better than any part of the Armenian mountains Besides this hill where Taurus rises up higher than elsewhere is part of Paropamisa where Becanus places the Ark denying that Ararat is in Armenia though Hayton to make it be beleeved calls it Aremnoē But how improbable so ere that be this seemes more congruous that at this Towne of Damoan and mountaines about it the Idolatrous Tribes removed by Salmanasser were here seated those especially of Dan Zebulon Assur and Nepthaly the other of Ruben Gad and halfe Manasses by Tiglath Pillesar about Lar Iaarown and other parts of Chusistan For albeit Ptolomy makes Gozana in his 6. lib. 18. chap. a branch of Oxus in above 40 degrees and at Hara and Hala and Ghabor Cities of Medya neere the river Gozan sacred story saies they were placed by the Assyrian it cannot be that Gozan mixes with Oxus since no part of Medya is within three hundred miles of it Gozan then is in Medya and seeing that Araxis waters Armenia from Ararat and runnes into the West side of the Caspian sea this river here of a great bredth streaming from Taurus both into Medya and Hyrcania cut in many small rivolets by the people to draw her many wayes must needs be Gozan and the Jewes inhabiting here for many ages confirme my conjecture saying also that they were brought hither captives and here have rested during many overtures and changes of the Persian Monarchy East of Damoans high peak is a Towne call'd Nova in it a hundred families A young man sonne to Hodge-Suare the Persian Merchant that dyed in London Anno Domini 1625 and brother to Mahomet whom we
I have noted amongst the Mohelyans adde to it a kind of Lyme of Oyster-shells all which together cures the chollick removes melancholy kills wormes helps Venus purges the maw and prevents hunger Mount Ely Cananore 'T is praise to observe a meane by moving much Religious Faith oft gets doubtfull tuch Observare modum laus est nimiumq movendos in dubium trahitur religiosa Fides Of Mallabar I Account so farre Mallabar as is included 'twixt Cape Comry and twelve degrees North neere about Batticala foure hundred miles in length in breadth no where above a hundred yet so populous that the Samoryn or King of Callicut is at any time able to affront the Narsingan Decan or Gulcundan Kings his borderers with 200000 men his Country is green and full of all delights cattell corne fruit cotton silkwormes and other merchandizes store of strong Townes safe Harbours not inferiour to those at Goa Choul Dabul Swally or at Danda-ragea-poree as Coulam Cochyn Calycut Mangalore c. and to say truth the Ocean it selfe 40 leagues into the Sea all along the Indyan shore is anchorable But before wee goe any further I hold it the best way to direct your eyes in finding out such exotique places of East Indya and the adjacent Iles as I intend to speake of in two Mapps either of which are limitted by Ganges that thereby our Travell may be the lesse difficult to your inquirie And first of India intra Gangem Mallabar is subdevided into many Toparchyes all obeying the Samoreen a naked Negro but as proud as Lucifer swarthy and tyrannicall the Nayroes are his Lords a sort of Mamaluck they live by the sweat of other mens browes lust wholy masters them they goe no whither but are as well armed as if friends enemies had no difference Maffaeus improperly imagines them a kind of Braminy to no sort of people more unlike the Bramyns being men of peace the Nayro ever quarelling their armes are clad with Armolets of silver or Ivorie they walk no whither without sword and target and have such a superstitious conceit of their owne merit and temper above other men that wheresoere they meet a vulgar fellow they clamour Nayro vibrate and clash their sword and shield together and so passe without opposall but that no poore man dare looke them in the face or come within fifty paces of them Thevet Vertoman and M. P. Venetus have so reported I know but either the customes have altered or I must call the one a deceitfull Monk and the other two too credulous Travellers The extent of Mallabar I have given you The people generally are big limb'd strong cole black and weare their haire more like wooll than haire long and curled about their heads they wreath a small but curious sort of lynnen wrought with gold and silk their waist is circled with a peece of Callico which makes them modest from the thigh downward and from their middle upwards are surely naked The vulgar sort weare about their waist a parti-coloured Plad like Barbars Aprons and pinck their skin in many places The women such as credit Mahomet vaile themselves like other Indyans such as affect gentilisme covet nakednessce their greatest ornament and pride is in their eares and noses they suppose them most brave most courtly who can teare or dilacerate their eares widest which they effect by many ponderous bables they hang there and ring their snouts with silver brasse or Ivorie their armes and leggs also are chained richly The Ethnique marriages want not superstition where God is not knowne the devill invelopes and traines them up in mystique darknesse one same ceremonie is observed by King and Pesant Whoever marries he enjoyes not the first nights embraces with his Bride a venerable custome transferres all maydenheads unto the Braminy who to shew their obedience to the law accept the motion and first season her it betides happinesse ever after they suppose the ground richer the crop excellenter which receives such holy seed and promises such future Harvests of contentednesse no marvell then to see a Priest enter where hee pleases discourse when and where he will the good man joying at their privacie since they are in apparition terrhene Idolls But which is more than marvellous the King not knowing whether his children be of his begetting to make sure work conferres the Empire on his sisters issue assured it seemes that shee is of his blood and they of his by consequence a very simple Sophistry grounded upon custome more than reason The men what they want in Sciences supply by a surpassing courage and pollicie the Portugals at their first intrenching on their shore thought them silly because unlearned easie to be overcome because covered with an indefensive nakednesse but both conceits deceived them they found by sad experience Nature had instructed them in their owne defence and that no Cannon nor iron is so violently dangerous as revenge precipitated exasperated by contempt and where furie rageth howbeit by long warres they are growne expert and orderly yea know how to play with Cannons have as great store of Harquebuzes and are as well acquainted with the force of powder as we or any other Nation in all fights they also use bow and arrow darts and targets granads and variety of fire-works of which they have such store that they proffered us as much and of what sorts we would so we returned them money Their Country abounds with mineralls and stones of lustre no part is without abundance of fruits and provision generally especially by the Sea t is woody and mountanous We will a-shore at Callicut the Metropolis CALLICVT ten leagues from that place wee tooke our prize is thought to be that Towne Ptolomy calls Canthapis a Citie in 23 deg an error broacht by Niger and Bertius It was above a thousand yeares ago call'd Callicaris was then knowne but now is famous and had beene of more trade and excellence had she prosperd against the continuall bravadoes of the Portugall who when they fail'd to conquer her did with her as Seleuchus did with Babylon transferr'd their trade to other Townes and diverted her Merchants to other places whereby in small time it became halfe desolate It declines from the Aequator towards the North-Pole eleven degrees and from its standing in the burning Zone must needs be hot if not sulphureous the earth is but meanly fruitfull in grasse Apollo eats it up but her gardens by industry and help of some brooks are green spatious and redundant in variety of choise fruits The Citie it selfe is large but of no beauty the houses are low and thick and dark the harbour is a pretty way distant from the Town and but indifferent to anchor in it shewes two great Forts built Anno 1515 by the Portuguise unfortified and in a sort raized by the Mallabar the Samoreen or Emperour in this place usually abiding a Prince of great power and awe black as the devill and as treacherous is also
albeit twice the Grand-Seignior was in person to fight with him Many of his Nobles hee has beheaded but in these things argues his just discent from Ally and is as likely as any that reigned before him to advance the Monarchy of Persia and every way to make it rich and famous To conclude Persia and this second Book give me leave to do it in this Epidicticon The Epidicticon VVHy do the wyndings of inconstant state Molest us Weaklings since the selfesame Fate Turnes Kings and Kingdomes with an equall doome Whiles Slaves too oft possesse their Masters roome So pricking Thistles choak our fairest corne And hopefull Oakes the hugging Ivies scorne Men are but Men and be they strong or wise All their Designes subject to hazard lies Millions of helps cannot support that Crown Which Sin erects Fate justly pulls it down Witnesse faire PERSIA large and rich of ground The fitter Nurse of warre In it was found Even in those golden times which Poëts vant Victorius Cyrus who yet did supplant His Father Oh that men would learne to see What life were best not what doth please the eye But out alas when they have drunk of blood That bitter potion's sweet yea even a flood Of lives food cannot their hot thirst allay Till Tomyris that blood with blood repay So hapt to Cyrus whom th' insulting Queen Upbraid with blood-shed Vengeance is too keen For in a bowle of goar dead drowned lies His crowned Temples and insatiate eyes That King aspir'd and for his itching veine 200000 Subjects there lay slaine Thus faires it still with thee proud Persia Whose various Native beauties freely may A strangers love intice Thy breath is sweet Thy Face well made a Nursery of delight Thy breasts not dry of milk thy armes are strong Thy belly fruitfull legs both clean and long Thy veines are large blood pure quick spirits hast But for thy back Oh stay there lies the wast To this faire Symmetrie of outward parts The giver great to ingage by great desarts Infused hath into thy childrens wit Wisdome and courage best to mannage it Nor wast thou Barb'rous or Indisciplin'd For had thy Eare unto its good inclind Thy Country Prophetisse fore-told thee how Hell and its wrath by Christ to disavow Since which thy Sages Kings or more than Kings If I mistake thee not their Offerings Unto my Infant God humbly present O Faith exceeding almost Faiths extent But now this Light of lights on Earth did shine See how thy Vertues retrograde decline Holy Thaddaeus whom Saint Thomas sent To cure thy King thy Flamens did present With hellish torments and with like foule hands Symon the Cananyt's good newes withstands In after times thy Cozrhoe Persia made A pond of Christian blood Nor here thou staid But in dislike of christ th' Arabian Theife Thou choose to be thy unlearned Judge and Cheife Hence hence proceed those grosse Impieties Which swallow'd greedily delight thine Eyes Blood-shed and lust the foulest out of kind Which my chast Muse is fear'd to name the rind Thou only keeps of zealous awe the heart Is foule defil'd for so thou learnd'st the Art Of lust and pride from thy curst Mahomet Whose thoughts unbounded all on Thrones was set Nor did his Successors as Prophets live But one another murdered All did grieve At Neighbours Diadems The God of Peace For those thy sinnes thy power will sure decrease And thou that oft hast felt a forrain power Once more maist feele a Scithyc race so sower That all the World shall know how greatest Kings Are thrall to change as well as weaker things FINIS LIBRI SECUNDI THE THIRD BOOKE LEt 's now abroad againe and see what Observations wee can make in the Ilands circumjacing Orientall Indya than which the world has none richer pleasanter or every way more excellent To encompasse it we must to Sea againe for without such helps there is but little travelling Apr. 13. We took ship at Swalley when being three or foure leagues off at Sea the wind came faire and made the liquid billowes swell so advantagiously that next day wee lost sight of many pretty marittim Townes at this day owned by the Portugall namely Gundavee Daman St. Iohn de Vacas Chowl Dabul c. most of them subjected by Don Albuquerq ' about the yeare after th'incarnation of our Saviour 1512 Dabul Dunga of old excepted which yeelded to the mercie of Symon Andradius Governour of Choul from whom 't was rapt by the Decanees but by that made a Basis of greater calamity For Almeyda some few yeares after by stratagem recovered and burnt it to the ground but by command of the Goan Vice-roy 't was repaired repopulated and stood victorious till Captaine Hall if I mistake not the mans name about nine yeeres agoe forced it and made th' insulting Portugall know how their bravadoes to the English were no way formidable The South point of DABUL has Artick Elevation 17 deg 35 minuts Dabul variation West 15 degrees 34 minuts It once obeyed the Monarch of Decan but at this day the Lusitanian 'T is seated at the foot of a high but pleasant mountaine whence distills a sweet rivolet beyond measure usefull in those torryd Clymats the Road gives reasonable good Anchorâ—ge The Towne it selfe is beautifull to such as view it at distance the houses are low thick and tarras't at the top serving both to lenifie the scorching flames of wanton Phaeton and to resist the quick and subtill rage of Hyem's icyles an old Castle and a few Temples or Monasteries are all she boasts of the Buzzar or Forum is but ordinarie the streets narrow are nor is her mart now notable Surat and Cambya to the North Goa and Calicuth to the South so much eclipsing her that she condoles with other her disconsolate neighbours and acknowledges a secret destinie change in Townes as well as other temporaries CHOUL in Ptolmyes dayes call'd Comane if Castaldus guesse right is subject to like varietie it is removed from the Aequi-noctiall 18 degrees 30 minuts North and was ravisht from the Emperiall Dyadem of Decan or Decanory by Almeyda that ambitious Portugall in the yeare of our redemption 1507 and in which to perpetuate his Conquest hee erected a gallant Fort or Bulwark planted it with Cannon a Castle also no lesse fortified so terrible to the Indyans as they have forborne to make them rore doubting the very clamour may undoe them The Inhabitants are a few melancholy but lustfull Portugalls and some peacefull crafty Bannyans it affoords naught else to be spoken on in this place The Expedition bearing up to speak with us both ships fell foule to speak in Neptunes language or thwart one anothers houlses by which mischance her bole-sprit gave our mizzen shrouds a churlish kisse but by a happy gale parted without farther inconvenience After five dayes sayle wee were Nadyr to the Sunne at that instant in our Verticé or Zenyth his declination then being just fifteene degrees
and we close by the I le incyrcling Goa a gallant Citie the Metropole and seat of the Spanish Viceroy and Archbishop the Citie I have formerly described haste wee therefore to other places The wind was favourable a while but ere long becalmed whereby the ayre inflam'd and Sea gave a fierie reflection to sweat and live like Salamanders was no novel thing with us to suffer bravely all mutations Coelum non animum was a verified Motto and serv'd in generall to comfort us The three and twentieth of Aprill we got to Mangalore a Citie obeying the Mallabar in whose road wee found thirty or forty Frigads of Mallabar men of warre who durst not insult upon their numbers but choose rather to avoyd and accordingly all together hoist saile towards Goa one onely miscarrying suffering a while the Ionas her Barge to domineere but after variable strife by rowing and augmenting canvasse got away with some short in her side and many wounded That same night we came to an anchor in Mount Elly or Delyns bay a Towne and Port acknowledging vassalage to the Mallabar wee rode in nine fadoms not above three neerer the shore Gladly wee would have landed but durst not be too prodigall of our beliefe they seemed willing wee knew them treacherous but seeing wee had discoverd their villany they ventur'd aboard our ships they knew us mercifull they fill'd their Canoes with Coco's Mangoes Jacks greene Pepper Caravance or Indyan Pease Buffalls Flesh Henns Eggs and other things sold us not at very easie prices but what principally vext us also made us pay for every tun of water a Ryall or foure shillings foure pence and though they hand plenty of it yet grudg'd exceedingly to shew us any curtesie in that common element in fringing by that their barbarisme the law of Nature and Nations one of their owne religion but more morall shall accuse them Ovid that sweet Roman Poet I meane who to that end brings in his Goddesse vindicating Natures right and blaming the Rusticks for their immanity Why are these waters stopt whose use is free The Sunne and Ayre disperst to all we see Why not those Brooks I crave communitie Quid prohibetis Aquas usus communis aquarum est Nec Solem proprium Natura nec Aëra fecit Nec tenues Vndas in publica munera veni And that we have such variety of choyce fruits suffer a little entertainment the banquet is seasonable in these paralells but first perfume the place with Calambuco wood a lignum vitae and to imitate the Aegyptians place we a deaths-head as an object of mortality The Bannyans in these parts are as superstitious as any other where and arrogate as much vainglorious ceremony in their Funeralls transcending in cost and curiosity as the Carcasse differ'd ere-while from others in Estate and Quality the richer sort have redolent gums or aromatick odours of Arabia incendiated or put to flames wherein the dead body is laid involv'd in linnen pure white sweet and delicate or in Taffataes of transparent finenesse of all sorts of wood they affect that called Aquila and the older kind nam'd Calamba or Calambuca trees rare sweet and pretious of admirable height and evennesse found commonly in the lofty Mountaine of Chaemoys in Cochyn-chyna and which these people sell at excessive rates both in regard the Bannians delight to have it in their Obsequies as that the Japonians so much valew it They imagine no pillow wholsomer no thing more efficacious for health than that to sleep upon They extreamly hate such as have doun or what their heads may sink into both for that it heats the blood and pertubs the fancy you now may view your fruits asore you I will select the rarest and first present a short description here are faire and juycy Lemons Pappaes Coco's Bananas or Plaintains sweet and delicious the Orenges may tempt a tast Orenges they are succulent and dainty of so curious a relish as affects the eater beyond measure and offer the rynd no lesse pleasant than the juyce both which seeme to have dulcity acrimony mixt together The Bannana's is no lesse dainty the tree mounts not high but spreads in a most gracefull posture the fruit is long not unlike a Sossage in shape in tast most excellent Plantans they ripen though you crop them immaturely and from a dark-greene mellow into a flaming yellow the rynd peeles off very easily the fruit put into your mouth dissolves and yeelds a most incomparable relish the Windsor or Pome-crittien are to it farre inferiour The Jack or Giack growes upon a hyer tree uneasie to bee ascended Iiack the Jack for shew and quantity resembles a Pompeon without 't is a gold yellow commixt with veins within is soft and tender full of golden coloured cloves each full of kernells not unlike a great French Bean somewhat more globous all of them comprise abone or stone not manducable except being boyld the Buffols eat it the fruit is somewhat unpleasant at first gust the heat and rarenesse causes it 't is glutinous and clammy in the mouth but of double benefit in the stomack being restorative and good for the back but of singular use against that French disease they brought from the hot warres at Naples whither the lustfull Spaniard brought it with his Idol-gold from ravisht Indya Ananas The Ananas is not inferiour to the Jack in bulk in roundnesse yet is the plant or parent it spung from no way equall it arises from no seed nor sowing but from a root like to an Artichoak at maturity they shew themselves and affect not above two foot height the better and with lesse labour to inrich the gatherer without 't is armed with a moystlesse rynd hard and skalee within is wholsome and pleasant and though a little seeme to satiate the appetite yet experience teaches us the stomack covets it Duroyen and admits an easie digestion The Duroyen somewhat resembles the Jack the shape is round the out-side bravery no way parellells the intrinsique vertue at first opening it gives a smell not unlike a rotten Onyon to many seeming odious and offensive the meat is whitish divided into a dozen cells or partitions fild with stones as big as Chez-nuts white and cordiall in Malacca and Iava they abound are worth the inquiring after a fruit nutritive and dainty yea without an hyperbole may well bee called Arecca an Epitomè of all the best and rarest fruits throughout the Oryent Arec and Betele also is here much used The Arecca tree aspires in height like to a Caedar but rather simulates the Palmëto It is a fuzzy concave substance decorated at the very top with plumes wherein the fruit hangs in clusters 't is shaped like a Wall-nut and of like bignesse white within not easily penetrated has no taste smell nor sapor they never eat it alone but wrap it in a leafe of Betel and chaw it in many severall morsells some as