innocent_a shall_v be_v save_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o sinner_n second_o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o all_o live_a creature_n be_v destroy_v the_o place_n must_v be_v understand_v only_o of_o those_o animal_n that_o be_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o overflow_v country_n which_o be_v not_o only_o the_o answer_n of_o vossius_fw-la but_o of_o dr._n stillingfleet_n nay_o from_o what_o have_v already_o be_v say_v concern_v the_o word_n all_o we_o may_v gather_v that_o it_o be_v not_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o moysaicall_a narration_n to_o suppose_v that_o not_o all_o but_o many_o animal_n and_o especial_o such_o as_o be_v in_o a_o more_o particular_a manner_n serviceable_a to_o mankind_n be_v destroy_v three_o noah_n tarry_v in_o the_o ark_n till_o the_o water_n be_v dry_v up_o because_o it_o will_v be_v more_o convenient_a for_o he_o to_o set_v foot_v in_o a_o country_n which_o he_o be_v former_o acquaint_v with_o and_o which_o be_v free_a from_o wild_a beast_n than_o in_o a_o unknown_a place_n full_a of_o savage_a creature_n no_o doubt_n on_o it_o but_o the_o soil_n be_v sufficient_o damage_v by_o the_o stagnation_n of_o the_o water_n but_o mesopotamia_n and_o the_o adjoin_a country_n be_v water_v by_o vast_a noble_a river_n receive_v less_o detriment_n from_o the_o salt_n water_n than_o other_o that_o be_v destitute_a of_o fresh_a stream_n so_o that_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o believe_v they_o recover_v their_o former_a fertility_n in_o a_o short_a space_n four_o the_o high_a mountain_n that_o be_v cover_v to_o so_o vast_a a_o height_n by_o the_o flood_n be_v those_o which_o be_v situate_a in_o these_o country_n beyond_o which_o mankind_n be_v not_o at_o that_o time_n propagate_v nor_o do_v that_o addition_n under_o heaven_n oblige_v we_o to_o believe_v the_o contrary_a since_o it_o be_v sometime_o use_v of_o a_o few_o neighbour_a country_n as_o deut._n 2.25_o on_o that_o day_n will_v i_o begin_v to_o send_v the_o fear_n and_o terror_n of_o thou_o through_o the_o people_n under_o all_o the_o heaven_n sub_fw-la omni_fw-la coelo_fw-la have_v thus_o consider_v what_o may_v be_v say_v in_o behalf_n of_o this_o opinion_n against_o the_o former_a it_o now_o remain_v to_o be_v inquire_v how_o far_o according_a to_o this_o hypothesis_n the_o deluge_n may_v extend_v but_o since_o we_o do_v not_o know_v what_o country_n be_v then_o inhabit_v what_o man_n dare_v presume_v to_o define_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o flood_n perhaps_o that_o tract_n of_o ground_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o four_o sea_n the_o persian_a the_o caspian_a the_o euxine_a and_o the_o syrian_a in_o which_o compass_n we_o find_v the_o tigris_n the_o euphrates_n and_o several_a other_o vast_a river_n be_v by_o the_o eruption_n of_o all_o water_n and_o by_o the_o cloud_n gather_v from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n by_o the_o divine_a power_n and_o there_o condense_v into_o moisture_n bury_v and_o overflow_v it_o be_v true_a this_o can_v not_o be_v effect_v without_o a_o miracle_n but_o then_o there_o be_v no_o way_n to_o solve_v the_o difficulty_n of_o so_o great_a a_o cataclysm_n without_o a_o miracle_n however_o the_o less_o and_o few_o of_o this_o kind_a we_o suppose_v provide_v the_o rest_n may_v be_v convenient_o explain_v that_o exposition_n use_v to_o be_v account_v the_o most_o agreeable_a to_o truth_n by_o all_o interpreter_n because_o god_n be_v never_o so_o prodigal_a of_o miracle_n as_o to_o have_v recourse_n to_o they_o where_o natural_a cause_n be_v sufficient_a much_o less_o do_v he_o violate_v and_o overturn_v all_o the_o establish_a law_n of_o nature_n without_o good_a reason_n in_o this_o very_a history_n we_o find_v that_o god_n be_v please_v to_o give_v noah_n notice_n when_o it_o be_v time_n for_o he_o to_o go_v into_o the_o ark_n because_o he_o can_v scarce_o know_v it_o of_o himself_o but_o he_o do_v not_o tell_v he_o the_o time_n when_o he_o be_v to_o go_v out_o of_o it_o but_o leave_v the_o matter_n whole_o to_o his_o own_o discretion_n because_o he_o may_v very_o well_o know_v it_o without_o the_o divine_a assistance_n he_o may_v if_o it_o have_v so_o please_v hâ—â—_n have_v preserve_v all_o the_o animal_n in_o the_o ark_n alive_a without_o any_o aliment_n which_o have_v make_v the_o ark_n considerable_o light_a and_o have_v save_v noah_n a_o great_a deal_n of_o trouble_n and_o yet_o we_o see_v he_o do_v not_o do_v it_o because_o these_o creature_n may_v be_v supply_v with_o food_n by_o humane_a diligence_n where_o the_o industry_n of_o man_n cease_v there_o the_o divine_a help_n begin_v and_o vice_n versâ_fw-la thus_o the_o favourer_n of_o a_o particular_a deluge_n support_v their_o opinion_n but_o it_o have_v be_v object_v against_o they_o that_o if_o this_o supposition_n be_v true_a the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n can_v not_o have_v be_v perfect_o spherical_a and_o consequent_o that_o the_o ark_n in_o this_o great_a declivity_n must_v necessary_o incline_v to_o the_o low_a place_n but_o as_o vossius_fw-la have_v very_o well_o answer_v that_o which_o happen_v in_o lesser_a inundation_n the_o same_o may_v fall_v out_o in_o this_o great_a and_o more_o than_o natural_a deluge_n for_o the_o same_o power_n which_o drive_v the_o sea_n and_o cloud_n to_o that_o tract_n of_o earth_n which_o be_v to_o be_v destroy_v do_v likewise_o sustain_v the_o ark_n and_o the_o declivity_n of_o the_o water_n as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v occasion_n for_o it_o dissertation_n vi_o concern_v the_o confusion_n of_o language_n i._o what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o whole_a earth_n be_v of_o one_o lip_n ii_o and_o let_v we_o make_v ourselves_o a_o name_n iii_o who_o be_v denote_v by_o the_o child_n of_o men._n iu._n this_o passage_n let_v we_o go_v down_o examine_v v._o the_o different_a opinion_n how_o the_o confusion_n be_v effect_v vi_o that_o the_o design_n of_o babel_n may_v be_v foolish_a but_o be_v not_o impious_a some_o conjecture_n why_o god_n think_v fit_a to_o blast_v it_o i._o before_o this_o wonderful_a confusion_n happen_v at_o babel_n the_o sacred_a historian_n express_o tell_v we_o gen._n 11.1_o that_o the_o whole_a earth_n be_v of_o one_o lip_n and_o of_o the_o same_o word_n or_o as_o we_o have_v translate_v it_o of_o one_o language_n and_o of_o one_o speech_n because_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o word_n lip_n both_o here_o and_o in_o several_a other_o place_n signify_v speech_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v because_o the_o lip_n be_v no_o less_o serviceable_a to_o we_o in_o speak_v than_o the_o tongue_n itself_o see_v isaiah_n 19.18_o no_o one_o doubt_n but_o that_o one_o universal_a language_n be_v speak_v by_o all_o mankind_n at_o this_o time_n but_o whether_o moses_n have_v here_o a_o regard_n to_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v not_o so_o plain_a perhaps_o these_o word_n may_v signify_v that_o man_n live_v in_o a_o state_n of_o peace_n and_o concord_n because_o it_o be_v equal_o necessary_a towards_o the_o building_n of_o any_o city_n that_o man_n shall_v agree_v in_o their_o sentiment_n and_o inclination_n as_o well_o as_o in_o their_o language_n nor_o do_v the_o idiom_n of_o the_o hebrew_n language_n reject_v this_o interpretation_n thus_o for_o instance_n to_o denote_v the_o unanimous_a agreement_n of_o the_o canaanite_n to_o beat_v back_o the_o israelite_n by_o main_a force_n they_o gather_v themselves_o together_o say_v the_o sacred_a history_n joshua_n 9.2_o to_o fight_v with_o joshua_n and_o with_o israel_n with_o one_o mouth_n thus_o likewise_o the_o false_a prophet_n agree_v together_o in_o their_o prediction_n declare_v good_a unto_o the_o king_n with_o one_o mouth_n 1_o king_n 22.13_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o to_o speak_v with_o the_o lip_n of_o another_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o to_o agree_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o above-cited_n place_n of_o isaiah_n in_o that_o day_n shall_v five_o city_n in_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n speak_v the_o lip_n of_o canaan_n and_o swear_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o host_n that_o be_v to_o say_v they_o shall_v be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n with_o the_o hebrew_n that_o inhabit_v the_o land_n of_o canaan_n and_o indeed_o the_o word_n vnum_fw-la labium_fw-la &_o una_fw-la verba_fw-la seem_v rather_o to_o signify_v agreement_n of_o mind_n than_o of_o language_n although_o it_o be_v certain_a there_o be_v but_o one_o language_n then_o in_o the_o world_n for_o by_o cadem_fw-la or_o una_fw-la verba_fw-la we_o be_v not_o here_o to_o understand_v the_o same_o sound_n and_o the_o same_o syllable_n but_o voces_fw-la consentientes_fw-la unity_n of_o mind_n solomon_n jarchi_n expound_v it_o the_o same_o design_n ii_o learned_a man_n have_v right_o enough_o observe_v that_o in_o scripture_n to_o make_v one_o self_n a_o name_n be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o get_v one_o self_n a_o fame_n or_o reputation_n in_o which_o sense_n this_o
expression_n be_v to_o be_v find_v 2_o sam._n 8.13_o isaiah_n 63.12_o jer_n 32.20_o &_o dan._n 9.15_o and_o so_o this_o tower_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v build_v in_o nomen_fw-la i._n e._n to_o spread_v the_o fame_n of_o the_o builder_n all_o over_o the_o world_n which_o phrase_n be_v to_o be_v meet_v with_o 1_o chron._n 22.5_o where_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o building_n of_o the_o temple_n of_o jerusalem_n but_o this_o can_v possible_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o this_o place_n for_o what_o a_o odd_a sort_n of_o a_o conclusion_n will_v this_o be_v let_v we_o acquire_v ourselves_o a_o reputation_n lest_o we_o be_v disperse_v all_o over_o the_o earth_n beside_o with_o who_o will_v all_o mankind_n which_o be_v concern_v in_o the_o building_n of_o this_o city_n have_v get_v glory_n and_o fame_n with_o their_o posterity_n as_o some_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o say_v but_o than_o what_o fine_a sense_n will_v this_o make_v let_v we_o make_v ourselves_o famous_a with_o posterity_n lest_o we_o be_v scatter_v into_o several_a country_n if_o we_o careful_o examine_v these_o word_n and_o revolve_v the_o whole_a history_n in_o our_o mind_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o place_n to_o be_v to_o this_o or_o the_o like_a purpose_n let_v we_o build_v we_o a_o city_n that_o may_v be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o all_o the_o world_n in_o which_o let_v there_o be_v one_o government_n the_o seat_n of_o which_o empire_n shall_v be_v perpetual_o in_o that_o city_n lest_o mankind_n be_v scatter_v all_o over_o the_o world_n according_a to_o the_o fancy_n of_o every_o ramble_a family_n if_o this_o interpretation_n be_v admit_v it_o will_v follow_v that_o to_o make_v we_o a_o name_n at_o least_o in_o this_o place_n signify_v in_o a_o manner_n the_o same_o as_o to_o leave_v our_o name_n somewhere_o i._n e._n to_o make_v a_o place_n famous_a with_o our_o habitation_n so_o that_o it_o derive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o inhabitant_n see_v 1_o king_n 9.3_o &_o 14.21_o perhaps_o a_o name_n here_o denote_v a_o monument_n which_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o person_n that_o erect_v it_o thus_o absalon_n in_o his_o life_n time_n have_v rear_v up_o for_o himself_o a_o pillar_n which_o be_v in_o the_o king_n dale_n for_o he_o say_v i_o have_v no_o son_n to_o keep_v my_o name_n in_o remembrance_n and_o he_o call_v the_o pillar_n after_o his_o own_o name_n and_o it_o be_v call_v unto_o this_o day_n absalom_n place_n 2_o sam._n 18.18_o so_o cain_n not_o long_o after_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n build_v a_o city_n which_o he_o call_v after_o the_o name_n of_o his_o son_n gen._n 4.17_o in_o like_a manner_n man_n be_v now_o resolve_v to_o build_v a_o city_n which_o perhaps_o they_o will_v have_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o by_o some_o such_o sort_n of_o a_o name_n but_o if_o instead_o of_o the_o hebrew_n word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d schem_n a_o name_n we_o change_v one_o letter_n and_o read_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d they_o that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o metropolis_n the_o same_o sense_n will_v arise_v nor_o can_v it_o be_v pretend_v that_o this_o expression_n be_v incongruous_a let_v we_o build_v we_o a_o city_n and_o tower_n and_o make_v we_o a_o metropolis_n lest_o we_o be_v disperse_v through_o all_o the_o earth_n and_o therefore_o the_o intention_n of_o mankind_n perhaps_o may_v be_v to_o build_v a_o mother-city_n or_o metropolis_n in_o the_o vale_n of_o shinaar_n to_o which_o the_o city_n around_o it_o shall_v be_v subject_a thus_o upon_o the_o build_n of_o this_o metropolis_n there_o will_v have_v be_v but_o one_o empire_n in_o the_o world_n which_o perhaps_o be_v design_v at_o first_o with_o no_o ill_a intention_n but_o because_o this_o project_n draw_v several_a great_a inconvenience_n along_o with_o it_o as_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o observe_v god_n be_v please_v to_o blast_v and_o disappoint_v it_o iii_o by_o the_o child_n of_o man_n bochart_n phal_a l._n 1._o c._n 10._o with_o several_a other_o will_v understand_v the_o unfaithful_a only_o because_o the_o daughter_n of_o man_n gen._n 6.2_o signify_v the_o female_a descendant_n of_o cain_n distinguish_v from_o those_o of_o seth_n and_o think_v it_o by_o no_o mean_n probable_a that_o noah_n shem_o arphaxad_n salah_n and_o heber_n be_v concern_v in_o the_o build_n of_o so_o vain_a and_o dare_a a_o structure_n but_o in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v evident_a enough_o that_o all_o mankind_n consist_v of_o the_o faithful_a as_o well_o as_o the_o unfaithful_a be_v general_o mean_v by_o the_o child_n of_o men._n second_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o this_o phrase_n be_v here_o to_o be_v take_v in_o that_o sense_n from_o the_o first_o verse_n of_o this_o chapter_n where_o they_o be_v call_v the_o whole_a earth_n as_o well_o as_o from_o the_o silence_n of_o moses_n three_o the_o posterity_n of_o three_o woman_n and_o that_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o age_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o have_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o indifferent_a city_n much_o less_o can_v we_o suppose_v that_o any_o of_o they_o refuse_v to_o give_v their_o assistance_n towards_o so_o vast_a a_o undertake_n which_o require_v so_o many_o hand_n four_o noah_n and_o the_o rest_n from_o who_o the_o hebrew_n be_v descend_v be_v without_o reason_n exempt_v out_o of_o this_o number_n since_o this_o attempt_n have_v nothing_o of_o impiety_n in_o it_o although_o we_o own_v it_o be_v undiscreet_a and_o not_o agreeable_a to_o the_o will_n of_o god_n as_o shall_v be_v demonstrate_v below_o neither_o if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o harm_n in_o it_o do_v it_o therefore_o follow_v that_o man_n obnoxious_a to_o sin_n although_o in_o other_o respect_v they_o be_v not_o bad_a abstain_v from_o it_o beside_o who_o can_v imagine_v that_o while_n noah_n and_o his_o son_n be_v alive_a at_o so_o small_a a_o distance_n too_o from_o the_o flood_n mankind_n be_v divide_v into_o faithful_a and_o unfaithful_a we_o may_v indeed_o rational_o enough_o suppose_v that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v not_o so_o pious_a as_o other_o but_o however_o they_o do_v not_o therefore_o deserve_v to_o be_v stigmatise_v by_o the_o odious_a character_n of_o unbeliever_n iv_o let_v we_o go_v down_o the_o interpreter_n be_v divide_v about_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o passage_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o let_v we_o make_v man_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n some_o both_o jew_n and_o christian_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o god_n be_v here_o introduce_v speak_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d after_o the_o manner_n of_o king_n who_o as_o they_o act_n not_o only_o by_o their_o own_o judgement_n but_o that_o of_o their_o privy-counsellor_n use_v the_o plural_a number_n when_o they_o speak_v to_o their_o people_n nay_o sometime_o they_o speak_v after_o this_o fashion_n when_o they_o consult_v their_o noble_n thus_o 1_o king_n 12.9_o what_o counsel_n give_v you_o that_o we_o may_v answer_v this_o people_n say_v rehoboam_n to_o his_o young_a adviser_n 2_o chron._n 10.9_o esdras_n 4.18_o thus_o god_n himself_o also_o be_v describe_v like_o a_o king_n consult_v his_o nobleman_n 1_o king_n 22.20_o and_o the_o lord_n say_v who_o shall_v persuade_v ahab_n that_o he_o may_v go_v up_o and_o fall_v at_o ramoth-gilead_n and_o one_o say_v on_o this_o manner_n and_o another_o say_v on_o that_o manner_n other_o pretend_v there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o have_v recourse_n to_o this_o custom_n of_o king_n since_o sometime_o we_o find_v in_o the_o hebrew_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a language_n particular_a man_n speak_v of_o themselves_o in_o the_o plural_a number_n thus_o bildad_n speak_v to_o job_n when_o only_o they_o two_o be_v together_o quando_fw-la tandem_fw-la finem_fw-la imponetis_fw-gr sermonibus_fw-la intelligite_fw-la &_o postea_fw-la loquemur_fw-la cur_n reputamur_fw-la ut_fw-la jumentum_fw-la &_o sorduimus_fw-la in_o oculis_fw-la vestris_fw-la job_n 18.2_o 3._o see_v likewise_o cant._n 1.4_o 2_o sam._n 16.20_o and_o dan._n 2.36_o some_o of_o the_o late_a rabbin_n as_o well_o as_o the_o ancient_a jew_n maintain_v that_o god_n speak_v to_o his_o angel_n here_o as_o to_o his_o guard_n the_o chaldaean_n wise_a man_n indeed_o never_o describe_v god_n do_v any_o thing_n but_o without_o a_o great_a attendance_n of_o angel_n as_o jamblichus_n often_o inform_v we_o and_o particular_o §_o 5._o c._n 21._o that_o all_o those_o power_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o they_o go_v before_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o god_n and_o whenever_o they_o make_v a_o procession_n to_o the_o earth_n bear_v they_o company_n and_o the_o jewish_a master_n who_o as_o some_o learned_a man_n imagine_v borrow_a their_o doctrine_n concern_v angel_n out_o of_o chaldaea_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n origen_n in_o his_o homily_n upon_o number_n 11._o be_v
mediterranean-sea_n and_o the_o jordan_n but_o by_o no_o mean_n bring_v it_o thither_o out_o of_o chaldaea_n neither_o can_v i_o discover_v after_o the_o severe_a examination_n the_o least_o absurdity_n in_o this_o opinion_n for_o here_o we_o have_v a_o chaldean_a remove_n himself_o with_o his_o whole_a family_n into_o another_o country_n and_o have_v past_o the_o euphrates_n and_o jordan_n wander_v up_o and_o down_o canaan_n for_o a_o hundred_o year_n enter_v into_o covenant_n with_o the_o old_a inhabitant_n acquire_v a_o prodigious_a wealth_n among_o they_o marry_v several_a concubine_n get_v child_n life_n in_o mighty_a credit_n and_o reputation_n and_o consequent_o have_v frequent_a conversation_n with_o they_o now_o after_o all_o this_o can_v any_o one_o think_v it_o strange_a that_o he_o learn_v a_o language_n which_o have_v so_o great_a a_o affinity_n with_o his_o own_o mother-tongue_n and_o that_o his_o whole_a family_n conform_v themselves_o in_o their_o speech_n to_o the_o native_n of_o the_o place_n add_v to_o this_o that_o isaac_n pass_v his_o whole_a and_o jacob_n the_o better_a part_n of_o his_o life_n among_o they_o that_o the_o child_n of_o they_o both_o be_v bring_v up_o in_o the_o same_o country_n and_o have_v their_o wife_n from_o thence_o so_o that_o upon_o a_o due_a survey_n of_o the_o matter_n it_o have_v be_v a_o downright_a miracle_n if_o they_o have_v still_o preserve_v the_o chaldean_a tongue_n so_o little_a reason_n have_v we_o to_o wonder_v that_o the_o canaanitish_a language_n become_v familiar_a to_o these_o people_n and_o therefore_o i_o look_v upon_o that_o opinion_n to_o be_v ill_o ground_v which_o suppose_v that_o the_o israelite_n speak_v a_o different_a language_n from_o the_o people_n of_o canaan_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o isaiah_n plain_o call_v hebrew_n the_o language_n of_o canaan_n chap._n 19.18_o in_o that_o day_n say_v he_o there_o shall_v be_v five_o city_n in_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n which_o shall_v speak_v the_o lip_n of_o canaan_n which_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v the_o language_n of_o canaan_n for_o the_o word_n lip_n both_o there_o and_o in_o gen._n 11.1_o signify_v speech_n because_o the_o lip_n be_v no_o less_o serviceable_a in_o speak_v than_o the_o tongue_n itself_o nor_o be_v this_o opinion_n support_v by_o bare_a probability_n or_o to_o be_v call_v a_o conjecture_n mere_o deduce_v from_o the_o name_n for_o bochart_n in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o canaan_n chap._n 1._o have_v full_o demonstrate_v it_o to_o be_v ground_v upon_o truth_n which_o we_o shall_v lay_v down_o before_o the_o reader_n in_o a_o few_o word_n because_o in_o some_o particular_n we_o dissent_v from_o that_o admirable_a man._n his_o first_o and_o strong_a argument_n to_o prove_v the_o language_n of_o the_o canaanite_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o hebrew_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o name_n of_o man_n and_o place_n which_o be_v pure_o hebrew_a n._n fuller_n in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o his_o miscellany_n chap._n 4._o maintain_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n though_o i_o grant_v say_v he_o all_o those_o name_n to_o be_v pure_o hebrew_a yet_o i_o deny_v that_o any_o of_o they_o be_v canaanitish_a name_n or_o give_v by_o those_o people_n i_o rather_o believe_v that_o the_o old_a name_n that_o be_v impose_v by_o the_o canaanite_n the_o primitive_a inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n be_v afterward_o pronounce_v and_o expound_v by_o the_o hebrew_n who_o succeed_v they_o in_o that_o land_n after_o the_o hebrew_n manner_n which_o hypothesis_n be_v it_o true_a no_o argument_n can_v be_v form_v out_o of_o the_o antediluvian_n name_n to_o prove_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o hebrew_n language_n and_o yet_o fuller_n will_v not_o willing_o grant_v this_o nor_o indeed_o any_o of_o the_o patron_n of_o this_o opinion_n but_o in_o truth_n this_o be_v no_o better_a than_o a_o chimaera_n to_o which_o the_o holy_a scripture_n give_v not_o the_o least_o countenance_n for_o though_o we_o shall_v allow_v that_o some_o of_o these_o word_n be_v disguise_v with_o a_o hebrew_n sound_n and_o termination_n yet_o who_o can_v imagine_v that_o all_o of_o they_o be_v serve_v after_o this_o manner_n and_o that_o neither_o moses_n nor_o joshua_n shall_v in_o one_o single_a line_n inform_v we_o that_o they_o change_v all_o the_o name_n before_o the_o israelite_n possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n now_o beside_o that_o this_o be_v altogether_o incredible_a and_o without_o precedent_n there_o be_v two_o thing_n that_o demonstrate_v it_o to_o be_v absolute_o false_a one_o be_v that_o moses_n and_o joshua_n give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o the_o alteration_n make_v in_o several_a name_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o be_v the_o particular_a case_n of_o some_o few_o city_n and_o not_o common_a to_o they_o all_o consult_v gen._n 23.2_o as_o also_o numb_a 32.38_o and_o joshua_n 15.13_o 14._o c._n 19.47_o the_o other_o be_v that_o not_o only_o the_o name_n of_o those_o city_n in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o israelite_n be_v of_o hebrew_n extraction_n but_o also_o of_o the_o neighbour_a place_n which_o they_o have_v not_o subdue_v as_o gaza_n asdod_n gâ—th_n hekron_n ascalon_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o philistine_n tyrus_n sidon_n barepta_n etc._n etc._n the_o second_o argument_n to_o prove_v the_o canaanean_a original_a of_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n be_v deduce_v from_o hence_o that_o though_o the_o sacred_a writer_n express_o tell_v we_o that_o several_a of_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n be_v of_o a_o language_n different_a from_o the_o hebrew_n yet_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o thing_n like_o this_o say_v of_o the_o canaanite_n we_o have_v already_o take_v notice_n that_o this_o be_v frequent_o observe_v of_o the_o chaldean_n the_o people_n of_o egypt_n be_v call_v lohez_n psalm_n 114.1_o that_o be_v to_o say_v barbarous_a beside_o there_o be_v a_o interpreter_n between_o joseph_n who_o pretend_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o egyptian_a and_o his_o brethren_n see_v gen._n 42.23_o likewise_o psal_n 81.6_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n though_o the_o hebrew_n maintain_v such_o frequent_a correspondence_n with_o the_o canaanite_n and_o transact_v so_o much_o business_n with_o they_o from_o abraham_n down_o to_o joshua_n yet_o we_o find_v not_o the_o least_o mention_n of_o a_o interpreter_n pass_v between_o they_o the_o three_o argument_n arise_v from_o the_o very_a use_n of_o the_o interpreter_n who_o joseph_n employ_v for_o if_o only_a jacob_n family_n speak_v hebrew_n how_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o joseph_n to_o get_v a_o interpreter_n he_o can_v have_v no_o other_o but_o some_o fugitive_n servant_n who_o will_v have_v soon_o know_v both_o joseph_n and_o his_o brethren_n the_o four_o be_v by_o bochart_n derive_v from_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o phoenician_n tongue_n which_o in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o canaan_n he_o imply_v demonstrate_v to_o be_v pure_o hebrew_n we_o shall_v add_v a_o five_o which_o proceed_v from_o the_o manifest_a footstep_n of_o paganism_n that_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v trace_v in_o this_o language_n for_o since_o tongue_n be_v image_n of_o the_o sentiment_n of_o our_o mind_n and_o be_v form_v and_o model_v according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o people_n that_o use_v they_o it_o can_v otherwise_o happen_v but_o that_o the_o common_a speech_n of_o any_o country_n must_v derive_v a_o great_a tincture_n from_o the_o receive_a opinion_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n thus_o learned_a critic_n have_v observe_v that_o the_o arabian_n have_v more_o than_o five_o hundred_o name_n for_o a_o lion_n more_o than_o a_o thousand_o for_o a_o sword_n two_o hundred_o at_o least_o for_o a_o serpent_n and_o fourscore_o for_o honey_n the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v because_o the_o arabian_n use_v frequent_o to_o talk_v of_o these_o thing_n since_o their_o country_n be_v so_o pester_v with_o lion_n and_o serpent_n be_v inhabit_v by_o a_o warlike_a people_n and_o abound_v in_o honey_n it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o observe_v both_o in_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a tongue_n though_o we_o be_v destitute_a of_o all_o other_o argument_n which_o be_v indeed_o innumerable_a that_o the_o greek_n and_o latin_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o god_n behold_v the_o action_n of_o mankind_n and_o be_v faithful_a witness_n of_o the_o truth_n from_o those_o frequent_a form_n of_o swear_v which_o they_o use_v so_o everlasting_o in_o all_o their_o conversation_n i_o will_v not_o give_v myself_o the_o trouble_n to_o confirm_v a_o truth_n which_o be_v support_v by_o so_o many_o example_n not_o to_o mention_v the_o custom_n of_o all_o the_o modern_a language_n but_o come_v immediate_o to_o the_o point_n the_o hebrew_n tongue_n which_o flourish_v and_o be_v for_o some_o time_n cultivate_v by_o the_o canaanite_n a_o people_n who_o have_v strange_a notion_n of_o the_o divinity_n and_o be_v infect_v with_o polytheism_n retain_v
in_o it_o which_o moses_n inform_v we_o be_v very_o good_a in_o the_o land_n of_o havilah_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n pactolus_n a_o river_n of_o lydia_n bear_v the_o same_o name_n havilah_n be_v near_o to_o judea_n and_o that_o b_o pison_n be_v perhaps_o the_o chrysorrhoas_n that_o run_v by_o damascus_n but_o suppose_v chaldea_n be_v here_o mean_v yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o merchant_n that_o traffic_v from_o thence_o into_o egypt_n that_o country_n may_v very_o well_o be_v know_v for_o if_o in_o jacob_n time_n caravan_n of_o merchant_n travel_v from_o gilead_n into_o egypt_n why_o may_v they_o not_o likewise_o come_v from_o chaldea_n too_o thither_o 2._o the_o same_o be_v suspect_v of_o chap._n 10.8_o and_o the_o follow_a verse_n where_o a_o large_a account_n be_v give_v of_o nimrod_n and_o his_o empire_n than_o there_o be_v of_o any_o other_o head_n of_o family_n and_o country_n and_o this_o they_o imagine_v may_v be_v say_v more_o agreeable_o after_o the_o babylonian_a captivity_n than_o before_o the_o israelite_n have_v any_o manner_n of_o commerce_n with_o those_o people_n but_o the_o mighty_a reputation_n of_o babylon_n and_o the_o other_o city_n there_o mention_v seem_v to_o afford_v sufficient_a cause_n why_o moses_n shall_v write_v a_o little_a more_o particular_o about_o their_o beginning_n who_o otherwise_o of_o himself_o be_v apt_a enough_o to_o make_v such_o discovery_n of_o antiquity_n as_o we_o have_v frequent_o more_o frequent_o thus_o in_o the_o 35th_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n v._n 8._o moses_n tell_v we_o why_o the_o oak_n under_o which_o rebecca_n nurse_n be_v bury_v be_v call_v allon-bachouth_a i._n e._n the_o oak_n of_o weep_v not_o that_o this_o circumstance_n be_v of_o great_a moment_n than_o several_a other_o which_o he_o omit_v as_o jacob_n come_n home_o to_o his_o parent_n rebecca_n death_n etc._n etc._n but_o only_o because_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o acquaint_v his_o reader_n why_o this_o oak_n which_o last_v to_o his_o own_o time_n be_v call_v so_o it_o be_v not_o the_o most_o unuseful_a part_n of_o a_o antiquary_n business_n to_o give_v the_o original_a of_o name_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o have_v a_o account_n of_o the_o name_n of_o babil_n chap._n 11.9_o of_o zoar_n chap._n 19.22_o of_o bethel_n chap._n 28.9_o not_o to_o instance_n in_o any_o more_o observe_v upon_o genesis_n as_o for_o what_o concern_v the_o name_n of_o nineve_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o late_a date_n than_o moses_n as_o derive_v its_o name_n from_o ninus_n the_o son_n of_o belus_n who_o according_a to_o the_o exact_a computation_n of_o chronology_n flourish_v about_o the_o time_n of_o deborah_n perhaps_o the_o original_a of_o it_o be_v otherwise_o than_o be_v common_o relate_v for_o who_o in_o so_o great_a a_o antiquity_n and_o so_o vast_a a_o defect_n of_o ancient_a monument_n dare_v positive_o affirm_v any_o thing_n perhaps_o too_o some_o one_o else_o may_v add_v it_o to_o moses_n word_n as_o learned_a man_n have_v conjecture_v of_o several_a other_o name_n 3._o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o the_o follow_a passage_n and_o the_o canaanite_n be_v then_o in_o the_o land_n chap._n 12.6_o can_v only_o come_v from_o a_o writer_n who_o live_v after_o the_o canaanite_n be_v turn_v out_o of_o their_o country_n but_o what_o judgement_n be_v to_o be_v make_v of_o these_o word_n we_o have_v sufficient_o show_v in_o our_o rest_n our_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o out_o of_o the_o eleven_o family_n of_o the_o canaanite_n some_o of_o they_o be_v call_v so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d above_o the_o rest_n who_o inhabit_v these_o place_n and_o it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o the_o canaanite_n be_v often_o mention_v as_o a_o particular_a tribe_n see_v gen._n 13.7_o chap._n 15.21_o exod._n 3.8_o 17._o chap._n 33.2_o chap._n 34.11_o and_o elsewhere_o but_o then_o they_o be_v express_o say_v to_o have_v live_v near_o the_o sea_n and_o near_o jordan_n but_o not_o at_o sichem_n however_o perhaps_o they_o dwell_v here_o in_o abraham_n time_n and_o moses_n have_v a_o regard_n to_o that_o our_o author_n prefer_v this_o solution_n to_o the_o rest_n commentary_n upon_o that_o place_n neither_o be_v it_o necessary_a for_o we_o to_o repeat_v it_o here_o perhaps_o they_o may_v be_v add_v by_o a_o late_a hand_n after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o canaanite_n by_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n and_o perhaps_o it_o be_v one_o of_o those_o superfluous_a observation_n which_o frequent_o occur_v in_o the_o sacred_a volume_n which_o may_v have_v be_v omit_v without_o any_o injury_n do_v to_o the_o history_n 4._o in_o chap._n 13.8_o we_o meet_v with_o the_o word_n hebron_n by_o which_o name_n that_o town_n do_v not_o go_v till_o after_o moses_n time_n as_o appear_v from_o joshua_n 14.15_o chap._n 15.13_o where_o it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v change_v its_o old_a name_n arba_n in_o the_o day_n of_o caleb_n and_o joshua_n and_o indeed_o that_o city_n seem_v to_o derive_v its_o name_n hebron_n from_o the_o nephew_n of_o caleb_n but_o learned_a man_n have_v right_o observe_v that_o this_o passage_n may_v be_v add_v by_o another_o hand_n since_o the_o time_n of_o moses_n to_o expound_v a_o obscure_a name_n by_o one_o that_o be_v better_o know_v see_v likewise_o chap._n 21.2_o 5._o the_o like_a conjecture_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o word_n dan_fw-mi which_o we_o find_v chap._n 14.14_o and_o it_o be_v urge_v that_o the_o name_n of_o it_o be_v laish_n or_o leshem_n till_o it_o be_v take_v by_o the_o child_n of_o dan._n see_v joshua_n 9.47_o but_o we_o have_v handle_v this_o matter_n in_o our_o commentary_n where_o we_o plain_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v not_o well_o dan._n well_o josephus_n relate_v this_o history_n lib._n 1._o c._n 10._o tell_v we_o that_o abraham_n attack_v the_o assyrian_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d near_o dan_n and_o add_v for_o this_o be_v the_o name_n of_o one_o of_o the_o head_n of_o jordan_n if_o this_o be_v true_a it_o be_v certain_a that_o this_o head_n be_v so_o call_v long_o before_o the_o city_n laish_n obtain_v its_o new_a name_n and_o afterward_o when_o the_o child_n of_o dan_n possess_v themselves_o of_o these_o place_n that_o not_o only_o this_o fountain_n but_o the_o neighbour_a city_n take_v the_o same_o name_n a_o place_n may_v happen_v to_o receive_v the_o same_o appellation_n for_o two_o several_a cause_n as_o for_o instance_n bâ—ersheba_n i._n e._n the_o well_o of_o the_o oath_n be_v so_o call_v from_o two_o covenant_n that_o be_v make_v near_o it_o see_v gen._n 21.31_o chap._n 26.33_o and_o this_o may_v be_v the_o case_n of_o dan._n ground_v 6._o in_o chap._n 20.7_o we_o read_v the_o word_n revive_v word_n this_o word_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v in_o use_n with_o the_o hebrew_n at_o fiâ—st_n afterward_o the_o word_n roe_n a_o seer_n be_v more_o common_o use_v but_o at_o last_o nabi_n come_v in_o fashion_n again_o horace_n de_fw-fr arte_fw-la poeticâ_fw-la have_v a_o passage_n which_o be_v very_o applicable_a to_o this_o purpose_n multa_fw-la renascentur_fw-la quae_fw-la jam_fw-la cecidere_fw-la cadéntque_fw-la quae_fw-la nunc_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o honore_fw-la vocabula_fw-la si_fw-la volet_fw-la usus_fw-la the_o same_o fate_n have_v befall_v this_o word_n which_o that_o judicious_a poet_n observe_v to_o have_v happen_v to_o several_a more_o it_o be_v use_v in_o moses_n time_n under_o the_o judge_n it_o grow_v out_o of_o date_n and_o after_o they_o be_v again_o revive_v nabi_n a_o prophet_n which_o notwithstanding_o seem_v not_o to_o have_v be_v in_o use_n till_o after_o moses_n age_n 1_o sam._n 9.9_o after_o all_o perhaps_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o sacred_a historian_n may_v be_v this_o that_o not_o so_o much_o the_o word_n nabi_n be_v leave_v off_o in_o the_o time_n of_o saul_n as_o that_o it_o be_v not_o use_v in_o that_o phrase_n let_v we_o go_v to_o the_o seer_n 7._o moses_n speak_v of_o the_o mountain_n where_o abraham_n be_v to_o have_v offer_v up_o his_o son_n as_o a_o sacrifice_n have_v the_o follow_a word_n chap._n 22.14_o and_o abraham_n call_v the_o name_n of_o that_o place_n jehovah-jireh_a as_o it_o be_v say_v to_o this_o day_n in_o the_o mount_n of_o the_o lord_n it_o shall_v be_v see_v some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o be_v the_o mountain_n moria_n upon_o which_o the_o temple_n be_v build_v and_o which_o do_v not_o go_v by_o that_o name_n till_o the_o temple_n be_v erect_v upon_o it_o but_o this_o be_v a_o mere_a conjecture_n and_o although_o moriah_n and_o jehovah-jireh_n seem_v to_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v from_o thence_o that_o it_o be_v but_o one_o name_n with_o no_o great_a reason_n on_o their_o side_n do_v other_o observe_v that_o moses_n can_v not_o be_v the_o author_n of_o that_o proverbial_a say_v for_o so_o they_o
where_o the_o ark_n be_v and_o abraham_n and_o the_o israelite_n from_o the_o cloud_n and_o the_o midst_n of_o fire_n they_o sometime_o discover_v a_o angel_n discourse_v with_o they_o under_o a_o humane_a shape_n by_o the_o majesty_n of_o his_o look_n and_o the_o unusual_a splendour_n of_o his_o eye_n the_o wife_n of_o manoah_n in_o jud._n 13.6_o the_o man_n of_o god_n say_v she_o of_o the_o angel_n who_o she_o see_v come_v towards_o i_o and_o his_o look_n be_v like_o the_o look_v of_o a_o angel_n of_o god_n very_o terrible_a by_o this_o mean_v nabuchadnezzar_n seem_v to_o have_v know_v the_o angel_n among_o the_o child_n who_o he_o command_v to_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o fiery_a furnace_n the_o resemblance_n of_o the_o four_o say_v he_o be_v like_o that_o of_o one_o of_o the_o son_n of_o god_n sometime_o miraculous_a action_n that_o be_v above_o the_o power_n of_o humane_a performance_n be_v add_v as_o not_o to_o mention_v any_o more_o we_o may_v gather_v from_o the_o history_n of_o gideon_n jud._n 6.17_o i_o do_v now_o speak_v of_o the_o event_n of_o thing_n foretell_v for_o the_o question_n at_o present_a be_v how_o at_o the_o very_a moment_n when_o a_o appearance_n happen_v they_o be_v able_a to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o a_o humane_a trick_n before_o the_o truth_n of_o those_o thing_n they_o predict_v be_v ratify_v by_o the_o event_n v._o the_o other_o question_n be_v much_o more_o difficult_a viz._n by_o what_o mean_v they_o know_v whether_o the_o high_a and_o the_o god_n of_o all_o god_n appear_v or_o if_o i_o may_v be_v allow_v the_o expression_n one_o of_o the_o inferior_a god_n or_o good_a angel_n dispatch_v for_o that_o message_n by_o he_o the_o ancient_a jew_n do_v seem_v to_o have_v sufficient_o consider_v this_o matter_n since_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o find_v out_o in_o any_o narration_n of_o these_o appearance_n whether_o god_n himself_o or_o a_o angel_n speak_v and_o god_n and_o his_o angel_n be_v say_v to_o have_v appear_v promiscuous_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d see_v gen._n ch_z 16.12_o ch_n 22._o v._n 1.11_o 12._o exod._n 3.2_o and_o seqq._n so_o though_o exod._n 20._o the_o lord_n god_n be_v say_v to_o have_v speak_v yet_o the_o old_a hebrew_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o law_n be_v deliver_v by_o angel_n as_o appear_v from_o galatian_n 3.19_o heb._n 2.2_o act._n 7._o v._n 38.53_o and_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v this_o because_o good_a angel_n never_o tell_v or_o command_v man_n any_o thing_n in_o their_o own_o name_n but_o behave_v themselves_o as_o the_o ambassador_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o high_a god_n hence_o st._n austin_n quaest_n in_o genes_n 37._o and_o elsewhere_o have_v observe_v that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o the_o angel_n that_o speak_v as_o god_n in_o the_o angel_n perhaps_o say_v he_o of_o abraham_n he_o understand_v it_o be_v god_n that_o speak_v to_o he_o by_o some_o plain_a and_o manifest_a proof_n of_o the_o divine_a majesty_n which_o be_v so_o it_o signify_v nothing_o to_o know_v whether_o god_n or_o a_o angel_n speak_v to_o they_o the_o chaldean_n indeed_o who_o doctrine_n jamblichus_n deliver_v in_o his_o book_n of_o mystery_n sect._n 2._o ch_n 3._o &_o seqq._n pretend_v to_o know_v what_o be_v the_o certain_a token_n of_o the_o presence_n of_o god_n or_o a_o angel_n or_o a_o archangel_n or_o a_o daemon_n or_o a_o prince_n or_o a_o soul_n this_o be_v porphyry_n question_n in_o which_o jamblichus_n large_o endeavour_v to_o satisfy_v he_o but_o i_o shall_v not_o here_o cite_v those_o passage_n in_o he_o not_o that_o every_o thing_n he_o there_o say_v be_v groundless_a and_o chimerical_a but_o because_o the_o brevity_n of_o our_o work_n will_v not_o allow_v we_o to_o be_v more_o prolix_a upon_o this_o subject_a the_o pious_a man_n among_o the_o ancient_a hebrew_n do_v it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v very_o apprehensive_a of_o the_o fraud_n of_o evil_a angel_n in_o this_o affair_n because_o they_o do_v not_o question_v but_o that_o the_o good_a angel_n who_o be_v appoint_v by_o god_n almighty_a to_o protect_v the_o virtuous_a will_v frustrate_v any_o such_o design_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o the_o divine_a goodness_n to_o expose_v those_o that_o fear_v he_o to_o invincible_a temptation_n which_o he_o have_v certain_o do_v if_o there_o be_v no_o exterior_a sign_n to_o distinguish_v evil_a spirit_n from_o the_o good_a or_o if_o those_o characteristic_n which_o be_v look_v upon_o by_o all_o mankind_n to_o be_v infallible_a indication_n of_o a_o divine_a or_o angelical_a apparition_n may_v be_v usurp_v by_o a_o wicked_a power_n nevertheless_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o among_o a_o vicious_a reprobate_a people_n who_o god_n almighty_a may_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v deliver_v over_o to_o the_o devil_n it_o may_v so_o fall_v out_o that_o unclean_a spirit_n sometime_o deceive_v they_o with_o the_o like_a appearance_n as_o we_o have_v mention_v but_o this_o be_v not_o the_o case_n of_o the_o righteous_a dissertation_n ix_o concern_v the_o subversion_n of_o sodom_n and_o the_o neighbour_a city_n i._o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o dissertation_n ii_o the_o situation_n of_o sodom_n and_o the_o neighbour_a city_n iii_o the_o sin_n they_o be_v guilty_a of_o iv_o a_o description_n of_o their_o subversion_n v._o the_o lacus_n asphaltites_n or_o dead_a sea_n a_o everlasting_a monument_n of_o their_o destruction_n vi_o a_o description_n of_o the_o country_n about_o it_o from_o whence_o the_o seven_o verse_n in_o st._n jude_n catholic_n epistle_n be_v explain_v and_o some_o other_o place_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n vii_o this_o history_n give_v occasion_n to_o some_o remarkable_a circumstance_n in_o the_o story_n of_o baucis_n and_o philemon_n which_o observation_n be_v illustrate_v by_o several_a example_n viii_o whether_o the_o subversion_n of_o these_o city_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n jordan_n be_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o a_o miracle_n or_o be_v the_o common_a method_n of_o god_n almighty_n providence_n when_o he_o punish_v offender_n i._o among_o those_o other_o punishment_n which_o the_o sacred_a historian_n tell_v we_o the_o divine_a justice_n have_v inflict_v upon_o wicked_a man_n few_o of_o they_o be_v more_o wonderful_a than_o the_o sudden_a destruction_n of_o sodom_n and_o the_o adjoin_a city_n however_o the_o interpreter_n of_o the_o scripture_n when_o they_o come_v to_o this_o surprise_v relation_n scarce_o seem_v to_o have_v employ_v the_o care_n they_o usual_o bestow_v upon_o other_o place_n for_o which_o reason_n we_o judge_v it_o convenient_a to_o publish_v this_o dissertation_n where_o we_o have_v treat_v this_o matter_n more_o ample_o than_o the_o narrow_a limit_n of_o our_o commentary_n will_v allow_v all_o the_o translator_n which_o it_o have_v be_v my_o fortuen_n hitherto_o to_o see_v as_o if_o they_o imagine_v there_o be_v no_o difficulty_n in_o the_o case_n or_o else_o have_v nothing_o to_o remark_n upon_o so_o important_a a_o scene_n bare_o tell_v we_o that_o this_o country_n be_v burn_v and_o subvert_v by_o fire_n from_o heaven_n and_o have_v do_v so_o think_v they_o have_v discharge_v all_o that_o be_v require_v from_o a_o translator_n the_o truth_n be_v what_o we_o have_v hear_v and_o imbibe_v from_o our_o infancy_n become_v at_o last_o so_o familiar_a to_o we_o that_o we_o receive_v it_o almost_o without_o examination_n but_o as_o i_o have_v read_v this_o history_n with_o no_o little_a application_n so_o methinks_v i_o have_v discover_v several_a particular_n in_o it_o worthy_a of_o observation_n by_o which_o not_o only_o this_o narration_n may_v be_v wonderful_o illustrate_v but_o many_o other_o passage_n of_o the_o h._n bible_n convenient_o expound_v what_o we_o have_v therefore_o observe_v upon_o this_o occasion_n we_o have_v throw_v into_o the_o follow_a dissertation_n which_o if_o we_o have_v not_o handle_v with_o that_o accuracy_n as_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o subject_n seem_v to_o deserve_v yet_o since_o we_o have_v do_v it_o to_o the_o best_a of_o our_o ability_n we_o hope_v the_o learned_a reader_n will_v favourable_o receive_v it_o ii_o before_o we_o examine_v the_o destruction_n itself_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a for_o we_o to_o give_v a_o short_a description_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o sodom_n gomorrah_n adma_n and_o zeboim_n because_o by_o this_o mean_n we_o shall_v the_o better_o understand_v how_o we_o come_v to_o see_v nothing_o but_o a_o stink_a lake_n where_o this_o most_o delightful_a country_n former_o stand_v moses_n thus_o describe_v the_o situation_n of_o these_o city_n gen._n 13.10_o where_o he_o relate_v after_o what_o manner_n lot_n and_o abraham_n part_v but_o let_v lift_v up_o his_o eye_n and_o behold_v all_o the_o plain_a of_o jordan_n that_o it_o be_v well_o water_v every_o where_o before_o the_o lord_n destroy_v
nature_n which_o use_v to_o abuse_v god_n almighty_n gift_n abandon_v themselves_o to_o all_o the_o degree_n of_o wickedness_n as_o moses_n particular_o inform_v we_o gen._n 18_o &_o 19_o after_o man_n be_v satiate_v with_o good_a thing_n say_v philo_n in_o his_o book_n concern_v abraham_n this_o satiety_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o world_n soon_o beget_v wantonness_n if_o we_o may_v take_v cicero_n word_n for_o it_o man_n derive_v their_o manner_n not_o so_o much_o from_o the_o seed_n of_o their_o parent_n as_o from_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v afford_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o our_o manner_n of_o live_v the_o carthaginian_n be_v not_o bear_v deceitful_a and_o liar_n but_o make_v so_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o their_o harbour_n and_o their_o frequent_a deal_n with_o merchant_n and_o stranger_n the_o desire_n of_o gain_n put_v they_o upon_o the_o art_n of_o trick_v and_o cheat_v the_o genoeses_n inhabit_v a_o hilly_a country_n be_v hard_o and_o clownish_a the_o very_a nature_n of_o their_o soil_n teach_v they_o this_o which_o produce_v nothing_o but_o with_o much_o cultivate_a and_o labour_n the_o campanian_o be_v always_o proud_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a fertility_n of_o their_o land_n the_o plenty_n of_o fruit_n the_o wholesomeness_n and_o beauty_n of_o their_o city_n from_o this_o abundance_n and_o superfluity_n of_o every_o thing_n arise_v that_o pride_n which_o dispose_v these_o people_n to_o demand_v of_o the_o ancient_a roman_n that_o one_o of_o the_o consul_n shall_v be_v choose_v out_o of_o capua_n and_o afterward_o that_o luxury_n which_o help_v to_o ruin_n hannibal_n who_o all_o the_o difficulty_n and_o fatigue_n of_o war_n can_v not_o conquer_v cicero_n argue_v after_o this_o rate_n in_o his_o oration_n de_fw-fr lege_fw-la argrario_fw-la deliver_v before_o the_o people_n against_o rullus_n and_o likewise_o in_o another_o which_o he_o speak_v in_o the_o senate-house_n he_o be_v utter_o against_o the_o send_v a_o colony_n to_o that_o place_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v say_v to_o have_v beget_v pride_n and_o cruelty_n all_o which_o thing_n exact_o prove_v true_a in_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o plain_a of_o jordan_n who_o soil_n that_o we_o may_v observe_v this_o by_o the_o by_o be_v not_o unlike_a that_o of_o the_o campanian_o which_o to_o this_o day_n abound_v in_o bitumen_n and_o sulphur_n now_o these_o people_n as_o they_o be_v corrupt_v by_o prosperity_n so_o it_o seem_v adversity_n make_v not_o the_o least_o impression_n upon_o their_o mind_n or_o reform_v their_o manner_n although_o they_o be_v conquer_v by_o the_o etymaeans_n and_o their_o confederate_n which_o affliction_n may_v have_v awaken_v a_o less_o flagitious_a people_n to_o a_o sense_n of_o their_o duty_n yet_o it_o wrought_v not_o any_o good_a effect_n upon_o these_o debauchee_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v deliver_v out_o of_o captivity_n carry_v their_o old_a custom_n and_o vice_n home_n along_o with_o they_o see_v the_o 14_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n now_o the_o sinfulness_n of_o these_o people_n do_v not_o only_o consist_v in_o this_o that_o they_o be_v give_v to_o uncleanness_n and_o lasciviousness_n as_o appear_v from_o gen._n ch_z 19_o but_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o wickedness_n certain_o the_o debauchery_n of_o that_o place_n can_v admit_v of_o no_o new_a accession_n but_o be_v already_o arrive_v to_o its_o height_n where_o they_o can_v think_v of_o abuse_v stranger_n after_o so_o abominable_a a_o manner_n therefore_o josephus_n deserve_o begin_v this_o history_n with_o the_o follow_a word_n the_o sodomite_n wax_v proud_a for_o their_o riches_n and_o wealth_n grow_v contumelious_a towards_o man_n and_o impious_a towards_o god_n so_o that_o they_o be_v whole_o unmindful_a of_o the_o favour_n they_o receive_v from_o he_o they_o hate_v stranger_n and_o burn_v in_o mutual_a lust_n with_o one_o another_o hence_o we_o see_v that_o in_o the_o prophet_n the_o proverbial_a appellation_n of_o wicked_a man_n be_v that_o of_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n thus_o isaiah_n call_v the_o people_n of_o jerusalem_n ch_n 1.10_o hear_v the_o word_n of_o the_o lord_n you_o prince_n of_o sodom_n listen_v to_o the_o law_n of_o your_o god_n you_o people_n of_o gomorrah_n see_v likewise_o ezekiel_n 16.46_o &_o seqq._n iu._n and_o therefore_o the_o divine_a justice_n offend_v at_o these_o horrid_a enormity_n resolve_v utter_o to_o destroy_v some_o city_n situate_v in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o plain_a of_o jordan_n which_o moses_n relate_v to_o have_v be_v do_v in_o the_o follow_a manner_n the_o lord_n rain_v upon_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n brimstone_n and_o fire_n from_o the_o lord_n out_o of_o heaven_n and_o he_o overthrow_v those_o city_n and_o all_o the_o plain_a and_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o city_n and_o that_o which_o grow_v upon_o the_o ground_n gen._n 19.24_o 25._o we_o have_v already_o show_v that_o this_o whole_a tract_n of_o land_n be_v full_a of_o bitumen_n which_o as_o it_o will_v easy_o take_v fire_n be_v soon_o kindle_v by_o the_o lightning_n and_o the_o flame_n be_v not_o only_o to_o be_v see_v upon_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o frequent_o happen_v in_o such_o place_n without_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o so_o pierce_v into_o the_o subterranean_a vein_n of_o brimstone_n and_o bitumen_n that_o that_o matter_n be_v destroy_v the_o whole_a earth_n sink_v down_o and_o offord_v a_o receptacle_n to_o the_o water_n flow_v thither_o all_o which_o particular_n we_o will_v now_o endeavour_v to_o handle_v more_o copious_o and_o to_o illustrate_v by_o other_o example_n first_o though_o moses_n only_o mention_n two_o city_n which_o god_n destroy_v by_o lightning_n namely_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n yet_o there_o be_v two_o more_o destroy_v at_o the_o same_o time_n adma_n and_o zeboim_n which_o lie_v near_o the_o two_o abovementioned_a city_n as_o appear_v from_o chapter_n 14.2_o nay_o moses_n himself_o affirm_v as_o much_o deut._n 29.23_o where_o take_v occasion_n to_o describe_v the_o punishment_n with_o which_o god_n will_v visit_v the_o wicked_a israelite_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o stranger_n as_o they_o travel_v that_o way_n shall_v gaze_v upon_o their_o land_n burn_v up_o with_o brimstone_n and_o salt_n in_o which_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o sow_v nor_o shall_v any_o thing_n grow_v nor_o any_o herb_n appear_v as_o in_o the_o destruction_n of_o sodom_n gomorrah_n adma_n and_o zeboim_n which_o the_o lord_n overthrow_v in_o his_o anger_n and_o wrath._n see_v likewise_o hosea_n 11.8_o now_o the_o reason_n why_o these_o two_o last_o city_n be_v omit_v seem_v to_o be_v because_o perhaps_o the_o king_n of_o these_o place_n be_v tributary_n to_o those_o of_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n strabo_n indeed_o in_o his_o sixteenth_o book_n do_v not_o mention_v that_o only_o four_o city_n be_v subvert_v by_o this_o subterranean_a fire_n but_o thirteen_o but_o perhaps_o he_o may_v be_v deceive_v in_o this_o matter_n as_o well_o as_o he_o be_v in_o believe_v that_o the_o lacus_n serbonis_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o asphaltites_n .._o perhaps_o to_o nine_o other_o small_a town_n which_o depend_v upon_o these_o four_o be_v destroy_v at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o ezekiel_n do_v not_o only_o make_v mention_n of_o sodom_n but_o its_o daughter_n chap._n 16._o that_o be_v the_o city_n that_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o same_o province_n as_o i_o live_v say_v the_o lord_n god_n to_o jerusalem_n thy_o sister_n sodom_n and_o the_o daughter_n thereof_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o city_n which_o it_o have_v build_v around_o it_o or_o else_o send_v colony_n into_o have_v not_o do_v as_o thou_o and_o thy_o daughter_n have_v do_v it_o may_v not_o improbable_o be_v suppose_v that_o strabo_n a_o man_n of_o great_a diligence_n and_o infinite_a read_n may_v have_v a_o account_n of_o the_o number_n of_o these_o city_n from_o some_o writer_n of_o the_o phoenician_n history_n second_o god_n be_v say_v to_o have_v rain_v down_o fire_n and_o brimstone_n from_o the_o lord_n which_o be_v a_o periphrasis_n for_o lightning_n as_o in_o psalm_n 9_o ver_fw-la 6._o he_o will_v rain_v whirlwind_n upon_o the_o wicked_a fire_n and_o brimstone_n and_o ezekiel_n 38.22_o i_o will_v punish_v he_o with_o pestilence_n and_o blood_n a_o mighty_a shower_n stone_n of_o hail_o fire_n and_o brimstone_n will_v i_o rain_v down_o upon_o he_o now_o thunder_n be_v therefore_o call_v fire_n and_o brimstone_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v brimstone_n set_v on_o fire_n and_o light_v so_o in_o the_o three_o of_o genesis_n v._o 16._o we_o find_v pain_n and_o conception_n that_o be_v pain_n which_o follow_v conception_n he_o that_o be_v desirous_a to_o see_v more_o example_n
which_o at_o uncertain_a season_n boil_v up_o from_o the_o bottom_n with_o bubbel_n like_o hot_a water_n and_o then_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o lake_n swell_v and_o resemble_v the_o rise_n of_o a_o hill_n it_o emit_v vast_a quantity_n of_o smoky_a ash_n that_o deceive_v the_o eyesight_n it_o immediate_o rust_v silver_n and_o brass_n and_o in_o short_a every_o thing_n that_o look_v bright_a and_o polish_a except_o gold_n alone_o when_o their_o utensil_n grow_v rusty_a the_o inhabitant_n know_v that_o a_o eruption_n of_o bitumen_n will_v soon_o happen_v for_o which_o reason_n they_o go_v in_o flat-bottomed_a boat_n make_v of_o reed_n to_o gather_v it_o bitumen_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o earth_n which_o be_v melt_v by_o the_o heat_n spread_v mighty_o but_o with_o a_o little_a cold_a water_n be_v soon_o condense_a again_o into_o a_o solid_a body_n and_o therefore_o need_v incision_n several_n other_o sign_n convince_v we_o that_o in_o the_o soil_n of_o this_o country_n there_o be_v actual_a fire_n for_o they_o show_v we_o rough_a rock_n burn_v up_o near_o mosais_n and_o cavern_n wrought_v out_o in_o several_a place_n the_o earth_n full_a of_o ash_n drop_n of_o pitch_n distil_v from_o the_o rock_n the_o river_n hot_a and_o cast_v forth_o a_o unsavoury_a smell_n and_o their_o house_n frequent_o throw_v down_o so_o that_o what_o the_o native_n of_o the_o place_n relate_v may_v very_o well_o be_v credit_v viz._n that_o thirteen_o city_n be_v former_o inhabit_v in_o this_o tract_n of_o ground_n the_o metropolis_n of_o which_o sodom_n have_v still_o the_o compass_n of_o sixty_o furlong_n visible_o remain_v that_o by_o earthquake_n together_o with_o violent_a eruption_n of_o fire_n and_o hot_a bituminous_a sulphurous_a water_n a_o great_a lake_n be_v make_v that_o the_o stone_n take_v fire_n that_o some_o of_o the_o city_n be_v swallow_v up_o and_o other_o abandon_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n that_o can_v make_v their_o escape_n erastothenes_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o country_n be_v overwhelm_v by_o store_n of_o subterranean_a pool_n we_o will_v now_o introduce_v tacitus_n to_o confirm_v what_o have_v be_v deliver_v by_o strabo_n who_o tell_v we_o in_o the_o five_o book_n of_o his_o history_n ch_n 6._o a_o lake_n of_o a_o mighty_a compass_n resemble_v a_o sea_n but_o of_o a_o more_o odious_a taste_n and_o for_o the_o noisomness_n of_o the_o smell_v that_o proceed_v from_o it_o often_o fatal_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n it_o be_v neither_o agitate_a by_o the_o wind_n nor_o do_v it_o harbour_v any_o fish_n or_o fowl_n accustom_v to_o the_o water_n at_o certain_a season_n of_o the_o year_n it_o throw_v up_o bitumen_n the_o use_n of_o gather_v which_o experience_n have_v teach_v as_o it_o have_v do_v other_o arts._n not_o far_a from_o thence_o be_v field_n which_o they_o report_v to_o have_v be_v extreme_o fruitful_a in_o former_a time_n and_o inhabit_v by_o large_a and_o populous_a city_n but_o afterward_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o thunder_n bolt_n the_o footstep_n of_o which_o calamity_n be_v still_o remain_v but_o that_o the_o earth_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v parch_v and_o burn_v up_o have_v whole_o lose_v its_o fertility_n for_o every_o thing_n whether_o it_o grow_v spontanious_o or_o be_v plant_v by_o man_n whether_o herb_n or_o flower_n or_o arrive_v to_o full_a maturity_n if_o compress_v moulder_n away_o immediate_o into_o ash_n therefore_o as_o i_o ready_o grant_v that_o some_o famous_a city_n be_v here_o destroy_v by_o lightning_n in_o time_n past_a so_o i_o suppose_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v infect_v by_o steam_n from_o the_o lake_n and_o the_o circum-ambient_a air_n corrupt_v which_o putrify_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n this_o lake_n likewise_o have_v be_v describe_v by_o diodorus_n siculus_n l._n 19_o by_o pliny_n l._n 5._o c._n 16._o and_o by_o solinus_n c._n 36._o who_o the_o reader_n if_o he_o think_v fit_a may_v consult_v when_o he_o please_v we_o will_v not_o here_o examine_v the_o particular_n they_o relate_v although_o we_o make_v no_o question_n but_o that_o abundance_n of_o false_a report_n have_v be_v utter_v upon_o this_o subject_a we_o will_v only_o inquire_v into_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o several_a name_n it_o go_v by_o with_o all_o convenient_a brevity_n every_o one_o know_v wherefore_o it_o receive_v the_o name_n of_o asphaltites_n since_o it_o so_o plentiful_o abound_v in_o asphaltus_n or_o bitumen_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v frequent_o call_v the_o salt_n sea_n in_o scripture_n be_v because_o the_o hebrew_n call_v all_o lake_n sea_n and_o because_o two_o other_o lake_n viz._n that_o of_o semechon_n and_o genesareth_n receive_v the_o river_n jordan_n in_o his_o passage_n above_o both_o which_o be_v fresh_a water_n therefore_o this_o three_o to_o be_v distinguish_v from_o they_o be_v call_v the_o salt_n sea_n otherwise_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n be_v likewise_o salt_n although_o it_o be_v certain_a there_o be_v some_o difference_n in_o the_o saltness_n in_o succeed_a time_n it_o be_v call_v the_o dead_a sea_n not_o because_o the_o water_n of_o it_o be_v immovable_a as_o justin_n pretend_v l._n 36.3_o but_o because_o as_o josephus_n inform_v we_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v it_o have_v no_o fish_n in_o it_o the_o abovementioned_a writer_n that_o give_v a_o description_n of_o this_o lake_n confirm_v the_o opinion_n of_o josephus_n to_o who_o we_o will_v add_v two_o eye-witness_n first_o pausanias_n who_o in_o his_o five_o book_n express_o tell_v we_o he_o see_v the_o river_n jordan_n which_o run_v through_o the_o lake_n of_o tiberias_n fall_v into_o another_o lake_n call_v the_o dead_a sea_n by_o who_o it_o be_v consume_v and_o afterward_o add_v this_o lake_n be_v void_a of_o fish_n who_o turn_v back_o to_o their_o accustom_a water_n as_o from_o a_o manifest_a danger_n the_o second_o be_v st._n jerome_n who_o upon_o the_o 47th_o chapter_n of_o ezekiel_n if_o jordan_n say_v he_o swell_v by_o the_o rain_n carry_v any_o fish_n into_o it_o they_o immediate_o die_v and_o float_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o fat_a water_n vi_o so_o much_o concern_v the_o lake_n now_o let_v we_o proceed_v to_o say_v something_o of_o its_o bank_n and_o the_o circumjacent_a country_n beside_o what_o we_o have_v already_o relate_v of_o it_o by_o the_o by_o josephus_n speak_v of_o the_o territory_n about_o sodom_n thus_o express_v himself_o near_o this_o lake_n say_v he_o be_v sodomitis_n former_o a_o delicious_a and_o fertile_a land_n and_o famous_a for_o the_o riches_n of_o its_o city_n but_o now_o whole_o burn_v up_o after_o this_o he_o go_v on_o in_o the_o follow_a word_n so_o that_o you_o will_v rather_o think_v that_o tacitus_n or_o any_o pagan_a author_n speak_v rather_o than_o josephus_n the_o report_v run_v that_o for_o the_o wickedness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n it_o be_v destroy_v by_o thunderbolt_n indeed_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o divine_a fire_n and_o the_o resemblance_n of_o five_o city_n be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v the_o sight_n of_o which_o give_v credit_n to_o the_o story_n that_o be_v tell_v of_o the_o country_n about_o sodom_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n philo_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o his_o second_o book_n concern_v the_o life_n of_o moses_n the_o monument_n of_o that_o unspeakable_a destruction_n be_v to_o this_o day_n show_v in_o syria_n ruin_n ash_n brimstone_n smoak_n and_o a_o slender_a small_a flame_n still_o break_v forth_o certain_a indication_n of_o fire_n st._n judas_n in_o the_o seven_o verse_n of_o his_o epistle_n seem_v to_o have_v his_o eye_n upon_o this_o where_o he_o say_v that_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n and_o the_o neighbour_a city_n be_v propose_v as_o a_o spectacle_n bear_v the_o punishment_n of_o everlasting_a fire_n this_o fire_n which_o for_o so_o many_o age_n be_v feed_v by_o the_o bituminous_a matter_n and_o perhaps_o still_o continue_v be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d thus_o pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 106._o say_v that_o the_o mountain_n chimaera_n in_o phaselis_n burn_v night_n and_o day_n with_o a_o immortal_a flame_n after_o ctesias_n who_o have_v use_v the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o same_o signification_n in_o greek_a diogenes_n laertius_n l._n 8._o §_o 75._o thus_o speak_v to_o empedocles_n who_o be_v report_v to_o have_v throw_v himself_o headlong_o into_o aetna_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d thou_o have_v drink_v fire_n out_o of_o immortal_a cup_n learned_a man_n be_v mistake_v who_o imagine_v that_o this_o fire_n which_o burn_v down_o the_o city_n of_o this_o famous_a valley_n be_v therefore_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o be_v a_o figure_n of_o eternity_n or_o because_o it_o be_v not_o extinguish_v till_o it_o have_v destroy_v every_o thing_n for_o it_o flame_v long_o after_o that_o and_o both_o interpretation_n