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have_v nothing_o offensive_a they_o at_o last_o empty_v the_o house-of-office_n with_o chamber-pot_n and_o fling_v the_o excrement_n and_o so_o at_o once_o both_o perfume_v and_o paint_v the_o naked_a body_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o at_o last_o perceive_v that_o those_o of_o the_o city_n intend_v to_o sally_n out_o and_o relieve_v their_o fellow_n soldier_n they_o raise_v the_o siege_n cry_v out_o in_o their_o language_n o_o you_o stink_a holland_n devil_n you_o fight_v with_o tantoblin_n and_o your_o arm_n be_v turdy-pistical_a after_o the_o space_n of_o eight_o day_n we_o come_v upon_o the_o 22._o in_o sight_n of_o paulo_n teymon_n which_o be_v a_o pleasant_a wondrous_a and_o delightful_a island_n as_o be_v expess_v in_o the_o adjoin_a print_n full_a of_o wood_n hill_n and_o dale_n here_o we_o send_v our_o boat_n ashore_o to_o fetch_v wood_n and_o fresh_a water_n wherewith_o we_o have_v not_o at_o first_o so_o well_o provide_v ourselves_o as_o we_o ought_v to_o have_v
be_v skilful_a and_o circumspect_a in_o their_o steerage_n from_o port_n to_o port._n but_o the_o river_n can_v be_v near_o this_o city_n most_o hazardous_a there_o reside_v those_o unmerciful_a bilgers_n call_v by_o the_o native_n zepatane_n the_o vessel_n bind_v hither_o take_v common_o very_o expert_a pilot_n and_o such_o as_o be_v by_o custom_n better_o acquaint_v with_o the_o fix_a rock_n and_o still_o vary_v and_o unsettle_a shoal_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o place_n and_o the_o adjacent_a part_n recount_v to_o we_o with_o much_o regret_n and_o reluctance_n how_o barbarous_o they_o have_v be_v use_v by_o the_o tartar_n who_o burn_v and_o destroy_v their_o house_n carry_v many_o into_o perpetual_a slavery_n other_o they_o put_v to_o death_n with_o rare_a and_o exquisite_a torture_n make_v no_o discrimination_n either_o of_o sex_n or_o age_n and_o when_o they_o have_v glut_v their_o savage_a inclination_n with_o ruin_n and_o plunder_n they_o exercise_v their_o more_o inhuman_a cruelty_n upon_o innocent_a virgin_n of_o who_o four_o thousand_o all_o choice_n and_o singular_a beauty_n they_o carry_v into_o captivity_n and_o for_o inconsiderable_a sum_n sell_v they_o to_o make_v bawd_n and_o madam_n of_o pleasure-house_n so_o prostitute_v they_o to_o be_v compress_v and_o devirginate_v by_o libidinous_a courtier_n and_o deboist_a hector_n for_o their_o own_o profit_n at_o what_o price_n soever_o they_o please_v to_o put_v upon_o they_o that_o same_o day_n we_o make_v such_o good_a speed_n that_o we_o get_v beyond_o kiexui_fw-fr the_o four_o small_a town_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o kiegan_n this_o place_n be_v situate_a on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n change_v and_o be_v in_o circumference_n a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a surround_v with_o hill_n and_o build_v after_o the_o chinese_n fashion_n with_o idol-temple_n on_o the_o water_n side_n stand_v a_o strong_a wall_n fifteen_o foot_n high_a the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 20._o of_o april_n we_o pass_v by_o kiakia_n the_o four_o small_a city_n under_o the_o eight_o chief_a metropolis_n liukiang_n this_o city_n lie_v about_o thirty_o mile_n from_o kiexui_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o upon_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n can_v which_o water_v this_o city_n to_o the_o great_a accommodation_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o country_n about_o this_o place_n produce_v orange_n and_o other_o fruit_n in_o great_a abundance_n a_o good_a part_n of_o its_o wall_n be_v build_v upon_o the_o hill_n and_o the_o ground_n lie_v within_o the_o wall_n be_v manure_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n here_o be_v stand_v a_o ancient_a idol-temple_n which_o be_v famous_a for_o have_v two_o gate_n each_o be_v of_o one_o entire_a stone_n but_o the_o house_n be_v most_o of_o they_o demolish_v by_o the_o tartar_n not_o far_o from_o these_o wall_n lie_v a_o mountain_n call_v mung_n who_o top_n reach_v so_o high_a that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v invest_v with_o cloud_n yet_o the_o side_n of_o this_o aspirer_n flourish_v be_v clothe_v with_o stately_a wood_n and_o mantle_v with_o verdant_a and_o delightful_a pasture_n that_o same_o day_n towards_o the_o evening_n we_o get_v to_o the_o city_n sinkin_n the_o second_o small_a city_n under_o the_o eight_o chief_a city_n of_o linkiang_n which_o lie_v about_o twenty_o mile_n from_o hiakiang_n and_o it_o be_v situate_a also_o on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n can_v have_v a_o pleasant_a prospect_n of_o hill_n and_o fruitful_a field_n behind_o it_o this_o place_n do_v not_o differ_v much_o in_o bigness_n or_o beauty_n from_o hiakiang_n only_o it_o lie_v in_o a_o more_o even_a soil_n and_o not_o so_o near_o the_o mountain_n towards_o the_o water_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o wall_n stand_v a_o very_a high_a and_o well-built_a gate_n most_o of_o the_o building_n within_o have_v be_v destroy_v by_o the_o tartar_n we_o lay_v all_o night_n aboard_o our_o vessel_n over_o against_o the_o city_n near_o to_o a_o idol-temple_n where_o the_o governor_n come_v to_o salute_v we_o and_o bring_v some_o few_o present_n for_o the_o kitchin_n upon_o the_o 22._o we_o set_v sail_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o arrive_v by_o noon_n before_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o fungch_v which_o be_v the_o second_o small_a city_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o nanchang_n this_o city_n lie_v in_o a_o flat_a and_o even_a soil_n build_v foursquare_a and_o situate_v upon_o the_o say_a river_n can_v and_o be_v surround_v with_o a_o high_a wall_n above_o a_o mile_n about_o on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o city_n be_v a_o populous_a suburb_n well_o and_o close_o build_v with_o goodly_a building_n there_o be_v also_o two_o great_a and_o high_a triumphal_a arch_n which_o have_v be_v much_o deface_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o brave_a structure_n in_o the_o last_o bloody_a invasion_n there_o be_v likewise_o several_a mountain_n not_o far_o from_o this_o place_n one_o be_v call_v pechang_n from_o whence_o there_o fall_v a_o mighty_a torrent_n of_o water_n with_o a_o most_o hideous_a noise_n the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 23._o of_o april_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o nanchang_n which_o be_v also_o call_v by_o some_o according_a to_o the_o name_n of_o the_o province_n kiangsi_n where_o it_o be_v situate_v we_o be_v hardly_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n but_o the_o magistrate_n send_v four_o very_a commodious_a boat_n aboard_o to_o fetch_v we_o ashore_o for_o there_o be_v no_o land_v or_o come_v near_o the_o shore_n with_o great_a vessel_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o sand_n the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n take_v present_o two_o of_o the_o best_a of_o these_o boat_n for_o himself_o which_o be_v ill_o take_v by_o the_o ambassador_n not_o long_o after_o come_v the_o magistrate_n themselves_o to_o welcome_v they_o and_o cause_v pinxenton_n to_o restore_v to_o the_o ambassador_n one_o of_o the_o boat_n which_o he_o have_v take_v for_o his_o own_o use_n the_o next_o day_n one_o of_o the_o ambassador_n namely_o peter_n de_fw-fr goyer_n for_o jacob_n de_fw-fr keyser_n find_v himself_o ill_a with_o the_o secretary_n henry_n baron_n and_o all_o our_o follower_n go_v to_o visit_v the_o tutang_n or_o governor_n of_o this_o city_n who_o receive_v we_o with_o great_a civility_n and_o show_v his_o displeasure_n at_o his_o interpreter_n for_o bring_v the_o ambassador_n a_o foot_n say_v that_o such_o person_n as_o come_v from_o so_o remote_a and_o strange_a part_n to_o congratulate_v his_o imperial_a majesty_n upon_o his_o victory_n and_o prosperity_n aught_o to_o be_v receive_v in_o great_a state_n he_o be_v also_o very_o much_o offend_v at_o the_o mandorin_n of_o the_o canton_n vice-roys_n call_v they_o ass_n after_o the_o ambassador_n have_v take_v his_o leave_n and_o be_v come_v into_o the_o street_n one_o of_o the_o governor_n gentleman_n come_v and_o present_v both_o he_o and_o his_o secretary_n each_o with_o a_o fine_a horse_n upon_o which_o they_o ride_v to_o the_o water_n side_n and_o when_o the_o ambassador_n set_v sail_n they_o be_v salute_v with_o the_o great_a gun_n from_o the_o wall_n of_o this_o city_n and_o they_o to_o requite_v this_o civil_a reception_n of_o the_o governor_n send_v he_o a_o few_o present_n but_o he_o refuse_v they_o say_v that_o no_o person_n in_o china_n be_v permit_v to_o receive_v any_o present_n from_o foreign_a ambassador_n before_o they_o have_v see_v and_o salute_v the_o emperor_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o nanchang_n be_v distant_a about_o five_o mile_n from_o funch_v situate_v near_o that_o great_a lake_n call_v poyang_n which_o have_v a_o current_n round_o this_o city_n so_o that_o she_o stand_v amid_o a_o island_n her_o building_n be_v foursquare_a with_o high_a wall_n and_o seven_o gate_n whereof_o four_o be_v very_o handsome_a before_o one_o of_o which_o we_o lie_v at_o anchor_n this_o city_n also_o boast_v four_o stately_a temple_n which_o be_v very_o rich_o adorn_v but_o among_o they_o that_o be_v the_o most_o famous_a which_o the_o chineses_n call_v thisike_n be_v cover_v with_o glitter_a or_o glaze_v pan-tyle_n at_o the_o entrance_n stand_v three_o building_n together_o in_o the_o first_o of_o which_o appear_v a_o idol_n by_o the_o chineses_n call_v kouja_n believe_v to_o be_v the_o guardian_n and_o preserve_v of_o this_o his_o own_o mansion_n he_o sit_v among_o a_o great_a many_o other_o image_n upon_o a_o rich_a seat_n clothe_v al'_n antique_a after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o old_a roman_n with_o a_o crimson_a mantle_n hang_v upon_o his_o shoulder_n on_o each_o side_n stand_v upon_o a_o bigh_a pole_n two_o terrible_a dragon_n much_o admire_v among_o the_o chinese_n which_o with_o extend_a neck_n seem_v hiss_v and_o breathe_v defiance_n against_o the_o go_n in_o the_o second_o structure_n you_o have_v a_o broad_a gallery_n reach_v round_o the_o temple_n hang_v full_a of_o
idol_n which_o be_v much_o adore_v by_o the_o chinese_n the_o three_o building_n be_v also_o adorn_v with_o the_o like_a image_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o first_o of_o these_o edifice_n on_o the_o right_a side_n stands_z a_o well_o which_o be_v twelve_o pace_n in_o the_o square_a over_o and_o curious_o adorn_v with_o white_a stone_n and_o always_o brim_n full_a of_o water_n the_o chineses_n fancy_n to_o themselves_o wonderful_a story_n from_o this_o idol_n kouja_n and_o the_o well_o believe_v that_o former_o here_o he_o dwell_v and_o in_o his_o life_n be_v very_o charitable_a to_o all_o poor_a people_n dispence_v free_o what_o he_o have_v among_o they_o and_o his_o treasure_n be_v never_o to_o be_v exhaust_v because_o he_o be_v a_o great_a alchemist_n be_v possess_v of_o the_o elixir_n and_o convert_v all_o metal_n into_o gold_n likewise_o they_o imagine_v that_o this_o kouja_n through_o their_o god_n direction_n and_o power_n do_v once_o overcome_v a_o most_o hideous_a dragon_n which_o threaten_v the_o destruction_n of_o this_o city_n which_o he_o afterward_o bind_v to_o a_o iron_n pillar_n and_o fling_v into_o this_o well_o and_o so_o deliver_v the_o inhabitant_n from_o the_o grand_a destroyer_n as_o a_o second_o st._n george_n and_o that_o he_o at_o last_o with_o all_o his_o family_n be_v take_v up_o into_o heaven_n therefore_o these_o idolater_n who_o hold_v this_o for_o a_o good_a and_o holy_a deed_n erect_v this_o temple_n for_o he_o after_o his_o death_n many_o other_o story_n be_v tell_v we_o of_o this_o their_o deity_n most_o of_o the_o other_o rare_a building_n which_o have_v be_v former_o in_o this_o city_n be_v total_o destroy_v by_o the_o tartar_n only_o there_o be_v still_o leave_v stand_v one_o well-built_a tower_n the_o field_n about_o this_o city_n be_v very_o fruitful_a and_o well_o manure_v which_o furnish_v the_o city_n and_o town_n round_o about_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o provision_n and_o corn._n the_o great_a destruction_n which_o befall_v this_o city_n in_o the_o last_o war_n be_v occasion_v thus_o one_o kiun_n a_o famous_a commander_n bear_v in_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n be_v make_v governor_n by_o the_o great_a tartar_n cham_n over_o this_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n for_o the_o tartar_n much_o trust_v the_o leaotunger_n because_o they_o lie_v next_o to_o tartary_n but_o this_o kiun_v revolt_v from_o the_o tartar_n with_o this_o whole_a province_n of_o kiangsi_n and_o own_a one_o junglieu_n for_o emperor_n upon_o the_o 25._o of_o april_n we_o come_v to_o a_o village_n famous_a for_o ship_n call_v ucienjen_n where_o lay_v great_a store_n of_o vessel_n of_o several_a sort_n and_o size_n which_o be_v come_v thither_o from_o all_o part_n of_o china_n to_o lade_v with_o china_n earthen_a ware_n great_a quantity_n whereof_o be_v sell_v in_o this_o village_n which_o lie_v near_o to_o the_o pool_n call_v poyang_n upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n can_v and_o be_v above_o a_o mile_n long_o it_o be_v a_o place_n full_a of_o trade_n and_o very_o handsome_o build_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o a_o mountain_n near_o this_o place_n stand_v a_o well-built_a idol-temple_n behung_a with_o great_a and_o small_a image_n i_o find_v hang_v also_o in_o this_o temple_n a_o great_a many_o black_a lamp_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n keep_v continual_o burn_a day_n and_o night_n the_o chinese_n and_o tartar_n that_o at_o any_o time_n be_v to_o pass_v over_o this_o pool_n poyang_n offer_v up_o first_o some_o present_a or_o other_o to_o the_o idol_n of_o this_o temple_n for_o a_o safe_a and_o speedy_a passage_n the_o sacrifice_n which_o i_o see_v here_o be_v perform_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o ordinary_a sort_n of_o people_n take_v a_o cock_n but_o the_o rich_a a_o hog_n wherewith_o the_o country_n abound_v which_o they_o bring_v alive_a to_o the_o image_n which_o be_v picture_v in_o a_o most_o terrible_a posture_n and_o there_o they_o cut_v the_o throat_n of_o those_o creature_n and_o with_o the_o warm_a blood_n besprinkle_v the_o claw_n of_o the_o idol_n which_o general_o resemble_v the_o claw_n of_o griffin_n and_o some_o part_n of_o his_o body_n so_o that_o their_o idol_n be_v always_o bedaub_v with_o blood_n on_o purpose_n to_o make_v they_o look_v with_o a_o more_o grim_a aspect_n they_o offer_v up_o likewise_o to_o the_o idol_n the_o foot_n of_o the_o dead_a swine_n and_o the_o spur_n and_o comb_n of_o the_o cock_n the_o rest_n they_o reserve_v for_o themselves_o and_o make_v merry_a therewith_o feast_v in_o honour_n of_o this_o idol_n quite_o through_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o rich_a village_n run_v a_o broad_a street_n full_a of_o shop_n on_o both_o side_n where_o all_o manner_n of_o commodity_n be_v sell_v but_o the_o chief_a trade_n be_v in_o porcelain_n or_o china_n ware_n which_o be_v to_o be_v have_v there_o in_o great_a abundance_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o village_n tell_v we_o to_o our_o great_a admiration_n that_o there_o be_v no_o better_a porcelain_n make_v in_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n than_o in_o the_o village_n sinktesuno_n which_o lie_v at_o least_o a_o hundred_o miles_n eastward_o from_o hence_o near_o to_o the_o city_n feuleang_v the_o four_o small_a city_n of_o the_o second_o chief_a city_n of_o joacheu_fw-la and_o they_o add_v withal_o which_o increase_v our_o wonder_n that_o they_o do_v not_o fetch_v the_o earth_n whereof_o this_o porcelain_n be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n wherein_o this_o village_n be_v situate_v but_o from_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o hoeicheu_fw-la in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n there_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v it_o though_o they_o dig_v the_o earth_n in_o great_a abundance_n because_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o temper_v it_o with_o the_o water_n which_o they_o allege_v to_o be_v the_o only_a reason_n why_o they_o can_v not_o attain_v to_o this_o art_n and_o though_o i_o see_v not_o these_o city_n hoiecheu_o and_o jaocheu_fw-la nor_o how_o they_o dig_v this_o soil_n in_o one_o place_n and_o make_v porcelain_n thereof_o in_o another_o yet_o i_o will_v brief_o relate_v to_o you_o what_o account_n be_v give_v i_o by_o person_n of_o credit_n resident_a in_o this_o village_n of_o ucienjen_n the_o earth_n whereof_o this_o porcelain_n be_v make_v be_v dig_v in_o great_a quantity_n out_o of_o the_o mountain_n situate_v near_o the_o chief_a city_n hoeicheu_o in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v from_o whence_o it_o be_v bring_v in_o foursquare_a clod_n to_o the_o abovementioned_a village_n which_o have_v the_o emperor_n arm_n stamp_v upon_o they_o to_o prevent_v all_o manner_n of_o deceit_n the_o earth_n be_v not_o fat_a like_a clay_n or_o chalk_n but_o like_a to_o our_o fine_a sand_n which_o they_o mingle_v with_o water_n and_o so_o make_v it_o into_o the_o forementioned_a clod_n they_o likewise_o beat_v into_o powder_n the_o break_a china_n dish_n and_o make_v new_a one_o of_o they_o but_o such_o as_o be_v make_v of_o break_a ware_n never_o take_v so_o fine_a a_o colour_n and_o gloss_n as_o those_o which_o be_v make_v of_o fresh_a mould_n the_o earthen_a clod_n which_o be_v thus_o bring_v from_o the_o mountain_n be_v afterward_o frame_v into_o what_o fashion_n they_o please_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o our_o potter_n in_o europe_n form_v their_o earthen_a ware_n upon_o the_o great_a sort_n of_o pot_n which_o be_v make_v of_o this_o earth_n they_o have_v a_o art_n to_o themselves_o to_o paint_v all_o manner_n of_o creature_n flower_n and_o tree_n which_o they_o do_v very_o curious_o only_o with_o indigo_n this_o art_n of_o paint_v upon_o the_o pot_n be_v keep_v so_o private_a and_o secret_a that_o they_o will_v not_o teach_v it_o to_o any_o but_o their_o child_n and_o near_a relation_n wherein_o the_o chineses_n be_v so_o dexterous_a that_o you_o can_v show_v they_o any_o thing_n but_o they_o will_v imitate_v it_o upon_o their_o pot_n and_o dish_n which_o be_v frame_v and_o make_v of_o this_o earth_n be_v first_o dry_v in_o the_o sun_n before_o they_o be_v bake_v in_o the_o oven_n and_o when_o they_o be_v thorough_o dry_v they_o be_v put_v into_o a_o oven_n and_o stop_v very_o close_o there_o bake_v for_o fifteen_o day_n together_o with_o a_o good_a fire_n underneath_o the_o time_n be_v expire_v they_o be_v continue_v in_o the_o oven_n fiften_v day_n more_o without_o any_o fire_n only_o the_o oven_n all_o that_o while_o be_v keep_v close_o stop_v and_o not_o open_v till_o it_o be_v quite_o cold_a for_o if_o they_o shall_v take_v the_o ware_n out_o red_a hot_a it_o will_v endanger_v not_o only_o the_o break_n of_o it_o but_o also_o the_o lose_n of_o the_o gloss._n after_o thirty_o day_n the_o furnace_n be_v open_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o officer_n appoint_v by_o the_o emperor_n to_o take_v a_o
in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o river_n and_o divide_v the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n from_o that_o of_o nank_v into_o which_o we_o be_v now_o come_v but_o before_o i_o relate_v the_o sequel_n of_o our_o journey_n i_o shall_v give_v you_o in_o short_a the_o number_n of_o the_o great_a and_o small_a city_n of_o this_o province_n and_o the_o far_a extent_n thereof_o this_o province_n of_o nank_v which_o be_v reckon_v for_o the_o nine_o among_o the_o fifteen_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o east_n and_o southeast_n on_o the_o south_n it_o border_n upon_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n on_o the_o south-west_n upon_o kiangsi_n on_o the_o west_n upon_o hupang_n north-west_n upon_o honan_n and_o the_o rest_n upon_o xantung_n in_o this_o place_n former_o they_o keep_v the_o court_n of_o the_o ancient_a chinese_n emperor_n and_o though_o the_o imperial_a palace_n be_v remove_v to_o peking_n yet_o till_o the_o last_o tartar_n war_n the_o court_n of_o the_o emperor_n do_v continue_v in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o province_n call_v kiangn_v but_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o last_o invasion_n do_v not_o only_o total_o destroy_v and_o deface_v all_o royal_a palace_n and_o imperial_a court_n which_o be_v most_o noble_a edifice_n but_o also_o alter_v the_o very_a name_n of_o the_o province_n and_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n for_o the_o province_n which_o former_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o nank_v they_o call_v kiangnan_n and_o the_o chief_a city_n which_o be_v former_o call_v ingtien_n they_o name_v kiangn_v and_o deprive_v this_o city_n also_o of_o all_o its_o royal_a splendour_n and_o privilege_n as_o this_o province_n far_o exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n in_o goodness_n and_o richness_n of_o soil_n so_o likewise_o in_o trade_n and_o commerce_n for_o here_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o all_o china_n each_o be_v famous_a for_o traffic_n no_o less_o do_v this_o kingdom_n abound_v in_o ship_n above_o all_o the_o rest_n for_o the_o number_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o vessel_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o seem_v as_o if_o all_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o world_n be_v harbour_v there_o but_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n consider_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o river_n that_o run_v through_o this_o country_n for_o by_o they_o they_o can_v pass_v by_o water_n into_o any_o part_n of_o china_n and_o all_o vessel_n which_o be_v bind_v high_o up_o must_v meet_v there_o which_o lessen_v the_o wonder_n of_o so_o great_a fleet_n of_o ship_n together_o in_o that_o part_n and_o beside_o all_o vessel_n come_v to_o this_o province_n out_o of_o the_o river_n kiang_n through_o broad_a navigable_a water_n make_v either_o by_o art_n or_o nature_n which_o be_v call_v the_o royal_a channel_n the_o native_n of_o this_o place_n be_v general_o very_o civil_a witty_a serviceable_a and_o mannerly_a it_o likewise_o breed_v great_a store_n of_o able_a handicraftsman_n who_o prove_v most_o excellent_a in_o their_o several_a arts._n there_o be_v likewise_o here_o very_o learned_a man_n bring_v up_o in_o their_o school_n of_o literature_n it_o produce_v great_a store_n of_o cotton_n and_o silk_n which_o maintain_v there_o abundance_n of_o weaver_n who_o work_n in_o either_o commodity_n but_o this_o be_v the_o woman_n business_n and_o the_o man_n follow_v husbandry_n and_o other_o employment_n or_o else_o look_v to_o the_o child_n whilst_o the_o woman_n spin._n this_o seat_n of_o nank_v be_v so_o famous_a through_o all_o china_n that_o whatsoever_o be_v make_v in_o it_o be_v prefer_v before_o any_o thing_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n wrought_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o country_n in_o this_o province_n lie_v fourteen_o chief_a city_n which_o command_v over_o a_o hundred_o and_o ten_o small_a one_o the_o name_n of_o which_o fourteen_o principal_a one_o be_v these_o which_o follow_v kiangn_v fungyang_n sucheu_o sungkiang_n changcheu_o chinkiang_n yangcheu_o hoaigan_n lucheu_o gank_v taip_a ningque_a chicheu_fw-la and_o hoeicheu_fw-la kiangn_v call_v also_o ingtien_n and_o nank_v command_v over_o seven_o city_n as_o kiangn_v kivyung_a lieyang_n liexui_n caoxun_n kiangpu_n and_o loho_n fungyang_n command_v over_o eighteen_o city_n as_o fungyang_n linhoai_n hoaiyven_v tingyven_v uhu_n hang_v xeu_o hokieu_o mungch_v su_n hiutai_n tienchang_n so_o lingpi_n ing_n tacho_fw-it hao_n and_o ingxan_n sucheu_o command_v over_o seven_o city_n as_o sucheu_o quenxan_n changxo_n ukiang_n kiate_v taicang_v and_o cungm_v sungkiang_n command_v over_o three_o city_n as_o sungkiang_n xanghai_n and_o cingpu_n changcheu_o command_v over_o five_o city_n as_o changcheu_o vusie_n kiangyn_n gnike_v and_o cinkiang_n chinkiang_n command_v over_o three_o city_n as_o chinkiang_n tanyang_n and_o kintan_n yangcheu_o command_v over_o ten_o city_n as_o yangcheu_o ychin_n taih_a caoyeu_o hinghoa_o pace_a tai_n jucao_n tung_n and_o haimuen_o hoaigan_n command_v over_o ten_o city_n as_o hoaigan_n cingho_n gantung_n taoyven_v moyang_n hai_o canyu_n pi_n socve_v and_o ciunning_a lucheu_o command_v over_o eight_o city_n as_o lucheu_o xuch_v lukiang_n vuguei_n cao_n logan_n jungxan_n and_o hoxan_n gank_v command_v over_o six_o city_n as_o gank_v tungch_a cienxan_n taihu_n sufung_a vangkiang_n taip_v command_v over_o three_o city_n as_o taip_v vuku_n and_o fachang_n ningque_fw-la command_v over_o five_o city_n as_o ningque_a king_n taip_a cingte_n and_o nanling_n cicheu_o command_v over_o six_o city_n as_o cicheu_o cingyang_n tungling_n xelai_n kiente_n and_o tunglieu_n hoeicheu_o likewise_o over_o six_o city_n as_o hoeicheu_o hieun_v vuyven_v kimuen_o in_o and_o cieki_n there_o be_v beside_o all_o these_o four_o other_o ordinary_a city_n in_o this_o province_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v cheu_n and_o some_o other_o less_o city_n which_o they_o call_v hien_n the_o four_o city_n be_v these_o quangte_v hocheu_o cheuceu_fw-fr and_o sincheu_fw-la quangte_n command_v over_o one_o city_n which_o be_v call_v kienp_v hocheu_o over_o hanxan_n cheucheu_o over_o two_o other_o civenezao_n and_o taigan_n siucheu_o over_o four_o siao_n tanxan_n fung_n and_o poi_n the_o chinese_n poll-book_n of_o this_o province_n make_v mention_n of_o 1969816_o family_n as_o also_o of_o 9967429_o fight_a men._n the_o yearly_a revenue_n which_o this_o province_n pay_v to_o the_o emperor_n consist_v of_o 5995034_o bag_n of_o rice_n 6863_o pound_n of_o unwrought_a silk_n 28452_o piece_n of_o cloth_n and_o 2027_o roll_n of_o weave_a hemp-cloth_n this_o province_n likewise_o furnish_v the_o emperor_n stable_n with_o 5804217_o truss_n of_o straw_n or_o hay_n and_o 705100_o pound_n of_o salt_n all_o which_o be_v value_v together_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o incredible_a sum_n beside_o what_o be_v pay_v in_o money_n which_o amount_v to_o 32000000_o of_o ducat_n as_o i_o be_v credible_o inform_v by_o some_o of_o the_o grandee_n of_o the_o province_n which_o be_v not_o incredible_a consider_v the_o vast_a custom_n which_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o emperor_n for_o all_o good_n export_v out_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o nank_v the_o city_n of_o xanghai_n alone_o pay_v yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n for_o the_o toll_n of_o wool_n the_o sum_n of_o 250000_o ducat_n all_o great_a shop_n and_o inn_n pay_v monthly_a thirty_o toel_n of_o silver_n or_o else_o the_o tartar_n come_v and_o quarter_n upon_o they_o in_o their_o house_n and_o misuse_v they_o at_o their_o pleasure_n upon_o the_o 29._o we_o come_v to_o tonglon_n or_o tonglieu_n the_o six_o small_a city_n in_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o thirteen_o chief_a city_n chicheu_o and_o the_o first_o place_n we_o come_v at_o in_o this_o province_n of_o nank_v this_o be_v a_o small_a city_n and_o lie_v close_o to_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n in_o a_o very_a pleasant_a and_o delightful_a soil_n which_o be_v encompass_v about_o with_o fine_a little_a rise_a hill_n and_o vale_n it_o be_v surround_v as_o well_o on_o the_o waterside_n as_o towards_o the_o mountain_n with_o a_o reasonable_a strong_a wall_n fortify_v with_o bulwark_n this_o city_n show_v very_o beautiful_a as_o you_o approach_v it_o upon_o the_o river_n but_o within_o it_o lie_v in_o a_o most_o lamentable_a condition_n for_o the_o tartar_n proceed_v with_o so_o much_o fury_n against_o it_o that_o they_o leave_v nothing_o deface_v that_o deserve_v any_o notice_n to_o be_v take_v of_o only_o there_o be_v one_o street_n that_o have_v some_o house_n stand_v in_o it_o the_o rest_n be_v all_o destroy_v except_o the_o governor_n house_n which_o be_v in_o reasonable_a good_a order_n the_o magistrate_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n tonglieu_n send_v a_o congratulatory_a letter_n to_o the_o ambassador_n upon_o their_o arrival_n as_o also_o some_o present_n for_o the_o table_n which_o be_v not_o accept_v the_o traffic_n of_o this_o city_n be_v only_o timber_n so_o that_o the_o place_n more_o resemble_v norway_n than_o china_n about_o two_o mile_n beyond_o this_o we_o see_v a_o island_n lie_v in_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o
compliment_n and_o invite_v they_o to_o dinner_n but_o they_o civil_o excuse_v themselves_o however_o myself_o and_o the_o secretary_n accept_v of_o the_o invitation_n and_o be_v very_o handsome_o receive_v and_o treat_v next_o day_n by_o he_o with_o some_o of_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o chineses_n who_o be_v please_v with_o our_o company_n and_o to_o signify_v that_o they_o be_v christian_n strike_v upon_o their_o breast_n and_o cross_v themselves_o this_o jesuit_n be_v a_o very_a free_a gallant_a and_o open_a spirit_n earnest_o desire_v that_o we_o may_v have_v free_a commerce_n in_o china_n he_o come_v often_o to_o see_v the_o ambassador_n and_o present_v they_o with_o several_a provision_n for_o the_o table_n invite_v himself_o to_o dinner_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o ambassador_n be_v very_o desirous_a to_o have_v write_v from_o hence_o to_o japan_n but_o be_v inform_v that_o that_o passage_n be_v forbid_v the_o reason_n say_v to_o be_v this_o the_o unshorn_a chineses_n have_v complain_v three_o year_n before_o to_o the_o emperor_n that_o the_o chinese_n of_o snitjien_n and_o amei_n who_o belong_v to_o the_o famous_a pirate_n coxinga_n have_v do_v they_o some_o injury_n in_o japan_n so_o that_o they_o desire_v the_o emperor_n to_o right_v they_o who_o thereupon_o order_v that_o they_o shall_v go_v no_o more_o to_o japan_n these_o unshorn_a chineses_n be_v those_o who_o will_v not_o submit_v to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n nor_o cut_v their_o hair_n after_o the_o conqueror_n fashion_n for_o when_o this_o emperor_n have_v conquer_v all_o china_n he_o issue_v forth_o a_o command_n that_o the_o chineses_n shall_v wear_v their_o hair_n after_o their_o manner_n all_o cut_v off_o except_o one_o lock_v behind_o which_o cause_v some_o thousand_o of_o the_o chinese_n who_o be_v very_o proud_a of_o this_o ornament_n to_o sacrifice_v their_o life_n to_o the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n rather_o than_o part_v with_o one_o single_a tress_n have_v spend_v about_o a_o fortnight_n in_o receive_v and_o give_v of_o visit_n we_o depart_v from_o this_o famous_a city_n upon_o the_o 18._o of_o may_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n the_o ambassador_n have_v make_v use_n by_o the_o way_n of_o ordinary_a bark_n and_o boat_n till_o they_o come_v to_o this_o place_n but_o now_o they_o be_v accommodate_v by_o the_o governor_n with_o the_o emperor_n be_v own_o vessel_n to_o carry_v they_o on_o this_o their_o journey_n these_o vessel_n be_v very_o large_a and_o commodious_a all_o gild_a and_o paint_a with_o dragon_n open-mouthed_a and_o look_v fierce_o on_o one_o end_n of_o these_o imperial_a bottom_n be_v a_o place_n for_o music_n to_o recreate_v the_o passenger_n on_o the_o way_n but_o the_o ambassador_n desire_v to_o spare_v they_o that_o trouble_n and_o appoint_v that_o place_n for_o some_o chinese_n soldier_n that_o come_v with_o they_o from_o canton_n to_o lodge_v in_o they_o have_v severe_a and_o corporal_a punishment_n whoever_o dare_v presume_v to_o paint_v any_o yellow_a or_o golden_a dragon_n on_o their_o vessel_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o without_o leave_n this_o colour_n be_v make_v use_n of_o only_o by_o those_o who_o the_o emperor_n be_v particular_a favour_n admit_v to_o that_o high_a honor._n two_o great_a imperial_a vessel_n be_v appoint_v for_o the_o ambassador_n the_o chinese_n officer_n as_o pinxenton_n and_o the_o two_o mandorin_n have_v also_o two_o other_o and_o the_o canton_n soldier_n be_v put_v aboard_o with_o the_o ambassador_n who_o be_v likewise_o accompany_v by_o several_a person_n from_o nank_v after_o we_o have_v take_v leave_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o magistrate_n of_o the_o city_n of_o nank_v we_o set_v sail_n and_o pass_v by_o the_o ship-bridge_n of_o fourteen_o arch_n on_o the_o far_a point_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n about_o two_o mile_n from_o the_o water-gate_n call_v suisimon_n where_o we_o first_o arrive_v with_o our_o vessel_n there_o stand_v a_o very_a famous_a and_o eminent_a idol_n to_o which_o the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n with_o the_o whole_a fleet_n apply_v themselves_o and_o offer_v up_o to_o this_o daemon_n or_o genius_n of_o the_o place_n swine_n goat_n and_o cock_n blood_n to_o the_o end_n we_o which_o they_o very_o believe_v may_v have_v a_o safe_a and_o prosperous_a voyage_n the_o sacrifice_n be_v perform_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o swine_n and_o goat_n be_v first_o kill_v and_o cleanse_v and_o afterward_o lay_v upon_o the_o altar_n on_o the_o side_n of_o this_o altar_n stand_v several_a little_a image_n and_o behind_o the_o altar_n the_o chief_a image_n which_o be_v hold_v for_o the_o protector_n and_o defender_n of_o this_o temple_n and_o to_o who_o it_o be_v dedicate_v the_o cock_n which_o i_o see_v offer_v be_v kill_v and_o their_o blood_n keep_v and_o sprinkle_v upon_o the_o image_n which_o afterward_o they_o wipe_v clean_o during_o the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n the_o priest_n upon_o their_o knee_n make_v several_a grimaces_n and_o muttering_n to_o themselves_o as_o if_o they_o and_o the_o god_n have_v be_v in_o some_o earnest_a contract_n or_o dispute_v great_a taper_n burn_v all_o that_o while_n after_o this_o sacrifice_n we_o steer_v our_o course_n eastward_o and_o sail_v down_o the_o river_n kiang_n with_o great_a speed_n have_v the_o stream_n with_o we_o so_o that_o in_o the_o evening_n we_o come_v to_o a_o famous_a village_n call_v wanksien_n where_o we_o stay_v all_o night_n and_o in_o the_o morning_n early_o we_o set_v sail_n and_o come_v upon_o the_o 20._o of_o june_n to_o the_o city_n of_o jejenjeen_n which_o some_o call_v loho_n this_o jejenjeen_n be_v the_o six_o and_o last_o small_a city_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o nank_v lie_v about_o sixty_o mile_n from_o nank_v on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n who_o stream_n run_v into_o the_o large_a and_o open_a east-indian_a sea_n here_o come_v several_a beggar_n aboard_o we_o to_o show_v their_o trick_n among_o the_o rest_n there_o be_v two_o who_o knock_v their_o head_n with_o so_o great_a force_n one_o against_o another_o that_o we_o look_v every_o moment_n to_o see_v they_o fall_v down_o dead_a upon_o the_o place_n and_o in_o this_o gesture_n they_o continue_v till_o the_o company_n have_v bestow_v their_o charity_n on_o they_o for_o unless_o they_o give_v they_o something_o they_o never_o cease_v rencountr_v head_n till_o they_o kill_v each_o other_o which_o have_v often_o happen_v i_o see_v likewise_o in_o this_o city_n another_o beggar_n kneel_v down_o and_o seem_v to_o mutter_v something_o to_o himself_o after_o which_o he_o strike_v his_o bare_a head_n against_o a_o round_a black_a stone_n with_o so_o much_o fore_n and_o violence_n that_o he_o make_v the_o earth_n to_o shake_v under_o he_o several_n other_o such_o feat_n they_o use_v to_o win_v remorse_n from_o stranger_n this_o small_a city_n of_o jejenjeen_n situate_v near_o to_o the_o river_n kiang_n be_v very_o delightful_a though_o but_o small_a within_o the_o wall_n which_o be_v not_o very_o high_a but_o strong_a and_o thick_a it_o be_v build_v mighty_a close_o and_o adorn_v with_o several_a temple_n and_o idolatrous_a edifice_n and_o have_v likewise_o a_o populous_a and_o well-built_a suburb_n and_o much_o trade_n by_o which_o its_o inhabitant_n be_v much_o enrich_v whilst_o we_o stay_v in_o this_o city_n the_o interpreter_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o famous_a pirate_n coxinga_n have_v land_a some_o force_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o have_v surprise_v this_o place_n and_o to_o have_v bring_v the_o same_o under_o his_o subjection_n but_o through_o the_o care_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n he_o not_o only_o lose_v his_o design_n but_o also_o a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o man_n and_o be_v force_v to_o retreat_v to_o his_o ship_n with_o shame_n and_o confusion_n yet_o to_o show_v his_o malice_n and_o to_o revenge_v himself_o upon_o the_o citizen_n he_o burn_v several_a of_o their_o vessel_n which_o lay_v at_o a_o anchor_n before_o the_o city_n and_o carry_v away_o other_o with_o he_o to_o a_o considerable_a number_n they_o also_o tell_v we_o that_o about_o twenty_o mile_n from_o this_o place_n there_o be_v five_o great_a and_o fruitful_a island_n in_o the_o same_o river_n kiang_n in_o which_o this_o pirate_n have_v choose_v to_o harbour_v and_o shelter_v his_o ship_n in_o stormy_a wether_n have_v lie_v all_o night_n before_o this_o city_n we_o set_v sail_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o the_o next_o day_n we_o find_v upon_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n near_o to_o a_o castle_n call_v ruancheu_o a_o large_a stone_n sluice_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o channel_n the_o work_n only_o of_o the_o spade_n force_v quite_o through_o the_o country_n to_o get_v into_o the_o yellow_a river_n so_o to_o avoid_v the_o trouble_n of_o sail_v round_o about_o out_o of_o one_o river_n into_o another_o these_o artificial_a
channel_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o wideness_n and_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o undertake_n and_o be_v make_v at_o the_o emperor_n charge_n be_v call_v the_o king_n water_n we_o then_o pass_v by_o this_o sluice_n and_o so_o come_v into_o the_o first_o royal_a channel_n and_o from_o thence_o we_o get_v into_o the_o yellow_a river_n well_o may_v this_o channel_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o the_o royal_a water_n since_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o pleasant_a to_o be_v see_v in_o all_o the_o world_n both_o side_n of_o the_o aquaduct_n have_v not_o only_o smooth_a large_a bank_n but_o plant_v also_o with_o stately_a and_o shady_a tree_n on_o the_o west_n and_o east_n of_o this_o royal_a channel_n for_o it_o reach_v from_o south_n to_o north_n we_o see_v rich_a pasture_n and_o delightful_a wood_n the_o like_v not_o to_o be_v see_v in_o all_o asia_n intermingle_v with_o abundance_n of_o wealthy_a town_n village_n pleasant_a seat_n and_o opulent_a and_o stately_a dwelling_n insomuch_o that_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o delightful_a as_o if_o art_n and_o nature_n have_v strive_v to_o please_v the_o passenger_n upon_o his_o way_n through_o this_o famous_a channel_n on_o one_o side_n thereof_o stand_v a_o famous_a and_o renown_a image_n of_o the_o idol_n kinkang_v who_o be_v high_o adore_v by_o the_o chinese_n upon_o the_o 24._o we_o come_v to_o the_o brave_a city_n of_o jamcefu_n which_o be_v call_v by_o some_o yaucqeu_n and_o be_v reckon_v for_o the_o seven_o capital_a city_n of_o this_o famous_a province_n of_o nank_v this_o city_n lie_v about_o twenty_o mile_n from_o jejenjeen_n be_v build_v foursquare_a and_o surround_v with_o wall_n and_o strong_a bulwark_n it_o be_v very_o large_a be_v at_o least_o five_o mile_n about_o exceed_v most_o city_n in_o china_n for_o wealth_n and_o trade_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o city_n deal_v in_o several_a commodity_n but_o that_o wherein_o their_o chief_a trade_n consist_v be_v salt_n transport_v from_o thence_o into_o most_o province_n of_o china_n this_o salt_n be_v make_v of_o sea-water_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o we_o in_o europe_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o city_n we_o see_v stand_v a_o great_a many_o salt-pans_n wherein_o they_o boil_v sea-liquor_n day_n and_o night_n this_o trade_n alone_o have_v so_o very_a much_o enrich_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o town_n that_o they_o have_v rebuilt_a their_o city_n since_o the_o last_o destruction_n by_o the_o tartar_n erect_v it_o in_o as_o great_a splendour_n as_o it_o be_v at_o first_o no_o soon_o be_v we_o land_a in_o this_o city_n but_o the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n go_v in_o great_a state_n to_o salute_v and_o compliment_v the_o commissioner_n of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n and_o present_v he_o with_o four_o piece_n of_o red_a clothes_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o ambassador_n the_o emperor_n have_v here_o a_o toll-house_n where_o the_o custom_n be_v pay_v for_o all_o such_o ware_n as_o pass_v the_o city_n be_v well_o build_v and_o have_v several_a channel_n run_v through_o it_o over_o which_o be_v many_o stone_n bridges_n on_o the_o westside_n be_v very_o large_a suburb_n which_o be_v former_o full_a of_o goodly_a structure_n but_o be_v most_o of_o they_o destroy_v in_o the_o last_o tartar_n war_n yet_o have_v begin_v since_o to_o be_v re-edified_a there_o be_v also_o several_a temple_n curious_o build_v and_o most_o rich_o adorn_v near_o this_o city_n be_v a_o very_a high_a mountain_n call_v heng._n next_o day_n be_v the_o 25._o we_o depart_v from_o this_o place_n and_o upon_o the_o verge_n of_o this_o royal_a channel_n we_o see_v twelve_o stone_n oven_n and_o not_o far_o from_o thence_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o channel_n lie_v the_o famous_a burial-city_n of_o the_o great_a sultan_n much_o adore_v and_o worship_v by_o the_o chinese_n about_o noon_n we_o come_v to_o a_o village_n call_v saupoo_n where_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o chineses_n be_v celebrate_v the_o feast_n of_o the_o new_a year_n on_o the_o new-year_n day_n be_v then_o also_o fullmoon_n great_a acclamation_n and_o expression_n of_o joy_n signify_v by_o their_o light_n of_o so_o many_o candle_n and_o bonfire_n as_o if_o the_o whole_a city_n have_v be_v in_o one_o great_a flame_n they_o run_v likewise_o up_o and_o down_o the_o street_n in_o their_o nocturnal_o like_v so_o many_o distract_a bacchanal_n with_o taper_n in_o their_o hand_n twist_v together_o in_o the_o form_n of_o dragon_n we_o be_v force_v to_o stay_v here_o a_o while_n till_o the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n and_o his_o lady_n also_o assist_v at_o the_o solemnity_n of_o this_o feast_n we_o find_v lie_v about_o this_o village_n in_o this_o royal_a channel_n a_o great_a number_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o strange_a build_v vessel_n but_o the_o most_o to_o be_v admire_v at_o be_v two_o bark_n or_o sloop_n which_o by_o the_o chinese_n be_v call_v longschon_n which_o signify_v a_o serpent-boat_n these_o two_o vessel_n be_v build_v after_o a_o particular_a fashion_n very_o curious_o paint_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o colour_n that_o they_o seem_v much_o to_o exceed_v those_o boat_n which_o carry_v the_o fish_n from_o nank_v to_o peking_n for_o the_o emperor_n use_n the_o mould_n or_o cast_v of_o this_o fair_a bottom_n be_v much_o like_o the_o form_n of_o our_o water-snake_n the_o stern_a hang_v full_a of_o strange_a serpent_n fasten_v with_o ribbon_n of_o several_a colour_n which_o make_v a_o gallant_a show_n at_o the_o stern_a of_o one_o of_o these_o vessel_n hang_v likewise_o two_o nimble_a boy_n who_o play_v trick_n and_o gambol_n to_o delight_v the_o spectator_n both_o above_o and_o by_o dive_v under_o water_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o each_o mast_n which_o be_v three_o in_o all_o stand_v a_o idol_n very_o curious_o adorn_v with_o silk_n flag_n and_o pennon_n in_o like_a manner_n stand_v on_o the_o poop_n a_o image_n dress_v with_o duck_n and_o drake_n the_o stern_a be_v also_o fill_v with_o standard_n set_v out_o with_o tassel_n of_o hair_n silk_n flag_n and_o long_a feather_n the_o boat_n cover_v round_o with_o silk_n under_o a_o upper_a high-raised_a desk_n full_a of_o flag_n and_o standard_n sit_v twelve_o lusty_a seaman_n with_o gild_a crown_n upon_o their_o head_n clothe_v in_o silk_n their_o arm_n naked_a these_o be_v so_o dexterous_a at_o row_v that_o the_o boat_n go_v at_o a_o extraordinary_a rate_n they_o come_v aboard_o of_o the_o ambassador_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v overjoy_v at_o their_o arrival_n the_o ambassador_n requite_v their_o kindness_n with_o a_o return_n of_o some_o present_n which_o they_o willing_o accept_v wish_v they_o good_a success_n in_o their_o voyage_n and_o a_o safe_a return_n into_o their_o own_o country_n near_o the_o duck_n stand_v a_o chinese_n with_o a_o fork_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o long_a feather_n in_o his_o cap_n who_o continual_o torture_v these_o poor_a creature_n put_v they_o in_o perpetual_a disquiet_n the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 26._o of_o may_n we_o come_v to_o the_o city_n of_o cajutsia_n which_o be_v also_o call_v by_o some_o caoyeu_n and_o be_v reckon_v for_o the_o four_o small_a city_n of_o the_o capital_a yancheu_fw-la this_o city_n we_o find_v lie_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o this_o royal_a water_n near_o a_o great_a pool_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v piexe_n out_o of_o which_o run_v plenty_n of_o water_n into_o this_o famous_a channel_n former_o all_o such_o vessel_n as_o come_v from_o nank_v bind_v for_o peking_n and_o the_o northern_a province_n be_v glad_a to_o pass_v over_o this_o pool_n to_o the_o great_a hindrance_n of_o commerce_n and_o navigation_n for_o oftentimes_o in_o a_o foul_a season_n they_o lay_v weather-bound_a before_o this_o city_n of_o caoyeu_n there_o be_v no_o venture_n over_o the_o pool_n till_o the_o wind_n be_v more_o silent_a and_o the_o swell_a billow_n more_o calm_a so_o that_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o commerce_n and_o safety_n of_o their_o voyage_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o pool_n this_o navigable_a channel_n be_v make_v sixty_o fathom_n long_o wall_v in_o with_o white_a stone_n a_o work_n so_o noble_a and_o excellent_a that_o it_o be_v much_o to_o be_v admire_v especial_o consider_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o white_a stone_n there_o use_v there_o be_v no_o such_o quarry_n in_o the_o adjacent_a part_n this_o caoyeu_n be_v very_o populous_a and_o have_v stately_a suburb_n build_v very_o close_o and_o full_a of_o great_a house_n the_o country_n round_o about_o produce_v great_a store_n of_o rice_n and_o be_v so_o full_a of_o building_n as_o if_o it_o be_v all_o but_o one_o continue_a village_n towards_o the_o west_n the_o country_n lie_v much_o under_o water_n but_o upon_o the_o side_n and_o banks_n grow_v store_n of_o reed_n which_o bring_v in_o a_o good_a revenue_n yearly_a to_o the_o public_a and_o be_v the_o only_o fire_v they_o have_v
for_o no_o tree_n will_v grow_v in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n they_o boast_v likewise_o of_o store_n of_o windmill_n who_o sail_n be_v make_v of_o mat_n the_o great_a product_n of_o the_o country_n consist_v of_o rice_n which_o the_o peasant_n stand_v oblige_v to_o look_v after_o very_o narrow_o lest_o it_o perish_v upon_o the_o ground_n by_o too_o much_o moisture_n or_o too_o much_o heat_n and_o drought_n so_o that_o their_o eye_n be_v continual_o upon_o the_o crop_n otherwise_o it_o sudden_o wither_v to_o nothing_o or_o a_o small_a increase_n the_o windmill_n therefore_o be_v to_o draw_v out_o the_o water_n in_o a_o moist_a season_n or_o to_o let_v it_o in_o as_o they_o think_v fit_a to_o keep_v their_o hope_n from_o burn_v up_o in_o a_o dry_a and_o hot_a season_n so_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o chinese_n enjoy_v twice_o a_o year_n a_o plentiful_a harvest_n by_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o great_a edifice_n this_o city_n appear_v to_o have_v be_v former_o a_o very_a famous_a place_n rich_a and_o populous_a but_o be_v total_o destroy_v in_o the_o late_a war_n by_o the_o tartar_n among_o other_o edifice_n which_o be_v yet_o stand_v be_v a_o most_o famous_a idol-temple_n without_o the_o wall_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o city_n build_v after_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o chinese_n the_o royal_a channel_n run_v quite_o through_o the_o country_n up_o to_o the_o very_a wall_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o water_v their_o ground_n in_o a_o dry_a season_n this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v also_o full_a of_o draining-mill_n to_o be_v use_v upon_o occasion_n upon_o the_o 28._o we_o come_v to_o the_o famous_a sea-town_n of_o hoaigan_n which_o be_v reckon_v for_o the_o eight_o capital_a city_n of_o this_o province_n of_o nank_v it_o lie_v on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o royal_a river_n about_o thirty_o english_a mile_n from_o pancien_fw-fr in_o a_o flat_a and_o morish_a soil_n through_o the_o midst_n thereof_o run_v a_o wall_n seem_v to_o make_v two_o distinct_a town_n but_o another_o wall_n which_o surround_v both_o division_n take_v away_o the_o distinction_n and_o render_v it_o one_o entire_a city_n that_o part_n which_o lie_v towards_o the_o south_n be_v call_v hoaigan_n and_o the_o other_o towards_o the_o north-east_n yengehing_n the_o former_a of_o these_o have_v stately_a suburb_n well_o build_v and_o full_a of_o people_n on_o one_o side_n of_o this_o city_n we_o see_v the_o field_n full_a of_o tomb_n and_o grave-stone_n in_o this_o capital_a city_n the_o viceroy_n keep_v his_o court_n in_o great_a splendour_n and_o state_n he_o have_v full_a power_n over_o the_o seven_o southerly_a province_n and_o only_o own_v the_o emperor_n for_o his_o supreme_a head_n his_o office_n be_v to_o look_v after_o the_o grand_a cham_n revenue_n consist_v chief_o in_o provision_n of_o rice_n etc._n etc._n which_o when_o get_v in_o be_v afterward_o transport_v to_o peking_n in_o his_o majesty_n own_o vessel_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o city_n we_o see_v three_o great_a torrent_n of_o water_n the_o first_o of_o which_o and_o near_o to_o the_o river_n hoai_fw-fr be_v very_o dangerous_a and_o by_o its_o inundation_n have_v often_o do_v great_a harm_n to_o prevent_v this_o river_n from_o overflow_a the_o adjacent_a country_n they_o have_v raise_v and_o make_v two_o great_a sluice_n with_o strong_a bank_n on_o both_o side_n which_o confine_v he_o in_o his_o high_a tide_n in_o the_o suburb_n of_o hoaigan_n stand_v two_o toll-house_n in_o the_o one_o the_o custom_n be_v pay_v of_o all_o good_n and_o merchandise_n which_o pass_v this_o way_n in_o the_o other_o of_o the_o ship_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o subject_n and_o with_o some_o part_n of_o this_o money_n they_o maintain_v their_o dikes_n and_o sluice_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o city_n against_o the_o sudden_a and_o violent_a rupture_n of_o water_n though_o this_o city_n be_v build_v upon_o a_o morish_a ground_n yet_o the_o country_n about_o it_o be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o the_o product_n of_o rice_n and_o corn_n the_o city_n be_v well_o build_v and_o full_a of_o wealthy_a citizen_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o lie_v a_o famous_a mountain_n which_o shoot_v to_o the_o sky_n by_o the_o chinese_n call_v yocheu_fw-la upon_o which_o stand_v a_o stately_a temple_n with_o cloister_n to_o lodge_v those_o who_o daily_o offer_v to_o the_o idol_n of_o the_o place_n the_o chineses_n come_v from_o several_a part_n with_o present_n to_o this_o their_o god_n suppose_v the_o protector_n and_o defender_n of_o their_o country_n this_o province_n of_o nank_v abound_v with_o strange_a mountain_n for_o in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o second_o chief_a city_n fungyang_n near_o the_o seven_o small_a city_n xeu_o upon_o a_o hill_n call_v cukin_n be_v find_v a_o great_a lump_n of_o massy_a gold_n say_v to_o be_v sovereign_a in_o several_a distemper_n some_o will_v have_v it_o because_o this_o gold_n cure_v so_o many_o disease_n that_o chemist_n make_v it_o in_o the_o same_o country_n near_o to_o the_o city_n of_o hintai_n there_o be_v a_o notable_a mountain_n call_v moyang_n and_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o shepherdess_n hill_n because_o as_o they_o say_v a_o very_a fair_a virgin_n former_o keep_v her_o flock_n there_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o this_o hoaigan_n have_v several_a river_n run_v through_o it_o and_o be_v also_o replenish_v with_o many_o lake_n among_o other_o pool_n you_o have_v here_o the_o great_a pool_n of_o xeho_n which_o towards_o the_o north_n be_v situate_v next_o to_o the_o great_a indian_a sea_n and_o water_n various_a part_n of_o this_o country_n which_o abound_v with_o fish_n towards_o the_o east_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n lie_v also_o a_o great_a pool_n call_v hang_v produce_v great_a store_n of_o reed_n which_o serve_v they_o for_o fire_v wood_n be_v very_o scarce_o through_o the_o whole_a province_n no_o soon_o be_v the_o ambassador_n arrive_v before_o this_o capital_a city_n but_o they_o send_v for_o horse_n palakins_o and_o litter_n to_o go_v and_o salute_v the_o viceroy_n and_o the_o magistrate_n but_o because_o the_o wether_n be_v foul_a the_o governor_n send_v a_o messenger_n to_o the_o ambassador_n to_o thank_v they_o for_o their_o intend_a visit_n desire_v to_o be_v excuse_v from_o give_v they_o the_o like_a trouble_n the_o mandorine_n pinxenton_n according_a to_o his_o wont_a custom_n give_v we_o a_o very_a noble_a dinner_n upon_o that_o day_n in_o the_o evening_n come_v father_n gascomer_n a_o jesuit_n who_o live_v in_o the_o city_n to_o salute_v the_o ambassador_n aboard_o their_o vessel_n and_o to_o bid_v they_o welcome_a into_o those_o part_n he_o be_v very_o pleasant_a and_o civil_a but_o do_v so_o admire_v at_o our_o arrival_n as_o if_o we_o have_v drop_v out_o of_o the_o sky_n be_v very_o inquisitive_a to_o know_v whither_o we_o be_v bind_v and_o upon_o what_o account_n we_o come_v thither_o the_o ambassador_n show_v themselves_o courteous_a and_o civil_a to_o he_o give_v he_o a_o handsome_a entertainment_n for_o his_o visit._n he_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o very_a open-hearted_n person_n and_o make_v protestation_n of_o a_o particular_a inclination_n and_o affection_n to_o our_o nation_n offer_v the_o ambassador_n his_o house_n if_o they_o please_v to_o accept_v thereof_o or_o any_o other_o service_n he_o can_v do_v they_o he_o give_v they_o likewise_o dark_o to_o understand_v that_o upon_o their_o request_n and_o desire_n of_o free_a trade_n in_o china_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o they_o will_v meet_v with_o great_a opposition_n at_o peking_n from_o the_o portuguese_n who_o will_v do_v their_o utmost_a to_o hinder_v it_o as_o we_o find_v afterward_o in_o the_o sequel_n of_o our_o business_n the_o ambassador_n be_v very_o thankful_a to_o this_o good_a father_n for_o his_o kind_n and_o faithful_a admonition_n who_o thereupon_o take_v leave_v wish_v we_o a_o prosperous_a voyage_n we_o stay_v not_o long_o in_o this_o city_n but_o depart_v the_o next_o day_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o in_o our_o passage_n we_o see_v on_o both_o side_n luxurious_a field_n well_o manure_v as_o likewise_o a_o great_a company_n of_o small_a boat_n lie_v up_o and_o down_o in_o this_o royal_a channel_n about_o sunset_n we_o come_v to_o a_o famous_a village_n call_v siampu_n at_o the_o entrance_n whereof_o lie_v a_o very_a great_a sluice_n through_o which_o we_o pass_v this_o village_n be_v situate_v betwixt_o the_o royal_a channel_n and_o the_o yellow_a river_n and_o be_v of_o a_o very_a great_a length_n handsome_o adorn_v with_o temple_n and_o fair_a house_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o water_n it_o have_v some_o privilege_n belong_v to_o it_o as_o also_o a_o toll-house_n where_o the_o toll-master_n appoint_v by_o the_o emperor_n reside_v to_o receive_v toll_n of_o all_o such_o good_n and_o vessel_n which_o pass_v out_o
carry_v thence_o to_o sell_v in_o other_o province_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v general_o very_o dull_a of_o understanding_n and_o few_o of_o they_o addict_v to_o learning_n but_o they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n very_o strong_a body_v fit_a to_o undergo_v any_o labour_n the_o child_n do_v not_o only_o go_v naked_a in_o the_o winter_n but_o will_v leap_v into_o the_o cold_a water_n several_n of_o they_o live_v by_o theft_n and_o robbery_n and_o these_o company_n be_v oftentimes_o so_o numerous_a that_o they_o break_v through_o all_o opposition_n whatsoever_o when_o they_o make_v inroad_n to_o plunder_v the_o country_n which_o be_v already_o much_o ruin_v by_o the_o late_a invasion_n in_o this_o whole_a province_n of_o xantung_n lie_v six_o capital_a city_n twenty_o nine_o small_a city_n and_o thirteen_o carrison_n the_o six_o great_a city_n be_v cinan_n yencheu_o tungchang_n cingcheu_o tengcheâ—_n and_o laicheu_fw-la cinan_n command_v over_o thirty_o city_n as_o cinan_n changkieu_o ceup_a chagxan_n sinching_n ciho_n citung_n ciyang_n chihuen_n juch_v liâ—ye_n changce_v fich_a cingch_a ling_n taigan_n siniai_n laivu_o te_o tepe_v pingyven_v vute_v yangsin_n haifung_a lal_v xangho_n pin_n ljoin_n chenhoa_o and_o putahi_n yencheu_o command_v over_o 26_o city_n as_o yencheu_o kioheu_o nivyang_n ceu_fw-la teng_n you_o kiuhiang_n yutai_n tan_o chingvu_o cao_n tingtao_n cine_v kiaciang_n kivye_n kiunch_v tungp_a venxang_v tungpo_n pingyn_n jangco_n xeuchang_n why_o tanch_a fi_n and_o suxui_fw-la tungchang_n command_v over_o eight_o city_n as_o tungchang_n tangye_n popingay_v choangp_a kieu_o sin_n cingp_v ken_n lince_v quontao_n caotang_n gen_n hiacin_n vuce_v po_n fan_n quonching_n and_o chaoch_v cingcheu_o command_v over_o 14_o city_n as_o cingcheu_o linchi_n pohing_n caoyven_v logan_n xeuquang_n changlo_n linkiu_n gankiu_fw-la chuch_v mungin_n kiu_n yxui_fw-la and_o gechao_n tengcheu_o command_v over_o eight_o city_n as_o tengcheu_o hoang_n foxan_n leuhid_n chaoyven_v laiyang_n ninghai_n and_o vemeng_n laicheu_o command_v over_o seven_o city_n as_o laicheu_o pingtu_fw-la vi_n changye_n kiao_n caomi_n and_o gieme_n the_o thirteen_o garrison_n be_v nince_v cinghai_n chingxan_n gueihai_n sanxan_n kixan_n civenxan_n mavan_n siaoye_n haicang_v punglai_n cin_n and_o xechin_n in_o this_o province_n there_o be_v also_o several_a island_n among_o which_o these_o three_o be_v the_o chief_a as_o first_o feuxeu_o which_o lie_v towards_o the_o west_n be_v but_o small_a yet_o exceed_v well_o build_v the_o second_o be_v teuhang_v situate_v in_o the_o sea_n near_o to_o caomy_n this_o island_n be_v very_o famous_a by_o reason_n of_o a_o sad_a accident_n of_o five_o hundred_o chinese_n philosopher_n who_o drown_v themselves_o in_o the_o sea_n because_o the_o emperor_n xuis_n hate_v all_o learned_a man_n as_o mortal_a enemy_n the_o three_o island_n be_v xaumen_n the_o big_a and_o full_a of_o people_n the_o chinese_n accompt-book_n which_o comprehend_v the_o number_n of_o people_n in_o each_o place_n mention_n in_o this_o province_n seven_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o family_n sixty_o seven_o hundred_o fifty_o nine_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o fight_a men._n the_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o the_o province_n belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n consist_v of_o twenty_o eight_o hundred_o twelve_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o and_o nineteen_o bag_n of_o corn_n fifty_o four_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o and_o nineteen_o roll_n of_o throw_v silk_n fifty_o two_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o and_o forty_o nine_o pound_n of_o cotton_n and_o thirty_o eight_o hundred_o twenty_o four_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o and_o nineteen_o truss_n of_o straw_n and_o hay_n for_o the_o emperor_n stable_n beside_o several_a toll_v pay_v upon_o the_o royal_a channel_n of_o jun_n which_o amount_v yearly_a to_o ten_o million_o of_o golden_a crown_n this_o village_n kiakia_a lie_v encompass_v with_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a field_n most_o delightful_a to_o behold_v and_o be_v very_o rich_a well_o build_v and_o handsome_o adorn_v with_o indifferent_a large_a structure_n the_o field_n round_o about_o be_v full_a of_o rosemary_n which_o be_v not_o only_o very_o pleasant_a to_o the_o eye_n but_o also_o cast_v a_o fragrant_a smell_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n before_o you_o come_v near_o they_o we_o see_v likewise_o not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n several_a herd_n of_o stag_n and_o buck_n and_o abundance_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o fowl_n especial_o pheasant_n we_o take_v great_a delight_n in_o hunt_v the_o stag_n whereof_o we_o kill_v several_a with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v skilful_a at_o the_o game_n they_o be_v very_o much_o please_v with_o our_o way_n of_o shoot_v pheasant_n fly_v the_o flesh_n of_o these_o deer_n taste_v so_o much_o of_o rosemary_n as_o if_o the_o venison_n be_v season_v with_o the_o sprig_n we_o be_v three_o day_n upon_o this_o channel_n jun_n before_o we_o reach_v any_o other_o considerable_a place_n but_o upon_o the_o eleven_o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o arrive_v at_o a_o famous_a village_n call_v jax-hinno_a situate_v upon_o the_o royal_a channel_n in_o and_o about_o this_o village_n stand_v 36_o stately_a tower_n build_v rare_o well_o on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o river_n here_o we_o lay_v all_o night_n but_o the_o next_o morning_n set_v sail_n by_o daybreak_n and_o that_o day_n and_o the_o next_o we_o see_v upon_o each_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n great_a store_n of_o good_a corn-ground_n towards_o the_o east_n of_o this_o royal_a channel_n lie_v several_a high_a and_o great_a hill_n whereof_o these_o follow_a be_v the_o chief_a near_o to_o taigan_n the_o sixteen_o small_a city_n of_o cinnan_n appear_v a_o mountain_n call_v tai_n which_o be_v very_o steep_a and_o broad_a the_o chinese_n geographer_n say_v that_o it_o be_v at_o least_o five_o mile_n in_o height_n from_o the_o basis_n to_o the_o crown_n upon_o this_o mountain_n be_v several_a temple_n to_o which_o belong_v great_a store_n of_o priest_n who_o live_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o calvisians_n in_o europe_n not_o far_o from_o laivu_o the_o eighteen_o small_a city_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o place_n arise_v the_o mountain_n tax_n in_o which_o they_o find_v great_a store_n of_o iron_n near_o to_o ciohu_n the_o second_o small_a city_n under_o the_o chief_a city_n yengcheu_o be_v the_o mountain_n call_v fang_n very_o famous_a for_o the_o tomb_n where_o the_o ancestor_n of_o that_o learned_a chinese_n philosopher_n confutius_n lie_v inter_v not_o far_o from_o the_o four_o small_a city_n ceu_fw-la lie_v a_o mountain_n call_v changp_v upon_o which_o as_o the_o chineses_n report_n confutius_n be_v bear_v in_o a_o town_n also_o call_v changp_v the_o ruin_n whereof_o be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v near_o to_o tunp_v the_o eight_o small_a city_n of_o the_o say_v capital_a city_n stand_v a_o great_a mountain_n call_v fung_n full_a of_o wood_n and_o goodly_a pasture_n upon_o the_o thirteen_o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o come_v to_o cinningsin_n or_o cine_v the_o fourteen_o small_a city_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o second_o chief_a city_n yengcheu_o in_o this_o cine_v the_o ambassador_n be_v noble_o treat_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o governor_n by_o the_o agent_n of_o the_o young_a canton_n viceroy_n he_o be_v go_v from_o home_n to_o order_v the_o make_n of_o a_o fence-work_n against_o the_o break_n in_o of_o the_o yellow_a river_n the_o country_n round_o about_o this_o city_n lie_v low_a and_o plashy_a be_v full_a of_o pool_n and_o river_n which_o abound_v with_o fish_n near_o to_o cao_n the_o twelve_o small_a city_n be_v a_o lake_n call_v lui_o which_o signify_v the_o thunder-pool_n in_o the_o middle_n whereof_o appear_v a_o stone_n represent_v a_o dragon_n with_o the_o head_n of_o a_o man._n the_o chineses_n call_v this_o the_o spirit_n of_o thunder_n and_o affirm_v that_o when_o any_o one_o strike_v upon_o the_o belly_n he_o draw_v a_o hideous_a sound_n from_o the_o monster_n like_o thunder_n near_o to_o the_o three_o small_a city_n nynyang_n which_o be_v likewise_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n yengcheu_o and_o about_o two_o mile_n from_o cine_v run_v a_o small_a river_n call_v tao_n out_o of_o which_o the_o chineses_n report_n that_o the_o great_a philosopher_n confutius_n refuse_v to_o drink_v though_o ready_a to_o die_v of_o thirst_n because_o it_o be_v call_v the_o water_n of_o thief_n so_o great_a a_o aversion_n have_v this_o ethnic_a philosopher_n to_o the_o very_a name_n of_o wicked_a villainy_n and_o robber_n all_o the_o inn_n and_o public_a victualling-house_n have_v their_o fiddler_n and_o comedian_n belong_v to_o they_o to_o recreate_v their_o guest_n at_o meal_n provision_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v very_o cheap_a in_o those_o part_n we_o pay_v but_o two_o shilling_n a_o piece_n for_o our_o dinner_n which_o consist_v of_o several_a dish_n out_o of_o which_o the_o player_n be_v
china_n dish_v for_o the_o table_n according_a to_o their_o manner_n but_o the_o ambassador_n to_o hint_n to_o they_o how_o they_o fare_v in_o holland_n bespeak_v several_a other_o dish_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n but_o we_o receive_v after_o we_o have_v be_v before_o the_o emperor_n a_o double_a allowance_n which_o be_v seldom_o do_v to_o any_o other_o foreign_a addressor_n in_o the_o first_o place_n you_o must_v know_v that_o the_o province_n wherein_o this_o chief_a imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n be_v situate_a as_o also_o the_o city_n itself_o have_v be_v call_v in_o several_a time_n by_o several_a name_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n among_o the_o chinese_n as_o have_v be_v already_o say_v that_o when_o the_o race_n which_o command_v and_o rule_n over_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v alter_v common_o also_o then_o the_o chief_a city_n nay_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n change_n and_o alter_v their_o name_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o race_n of_o chiva_n this_o province_n and_o chief_a city_n be_v call_v jeu_o under_o the_o race_n of_o cina_n it_o be_v call_v xangho_n when_o the_o race_n of_o hana_n reign_v it_o be_v call_v quangyang_n and_o under_o the_o race_n of_o ciin_n eanyang_n but_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n which_o drive_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o china_n name_v it_o peking_n and_o xuntien_n by_o both_o which_o they_o now_o call_v it_o the_o city_n be_v call_v peking_n which_o signify_v the_o northern_a chief_a city_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o nank_v which_o we_o interpret_v the_o southern_a city_n but_o the_o other_o name_n xuntien_n whereby_o it_o be_v so_o common_o call_v by_o the_o chinese_n geographer_n signify_v obedient_a to_o heaven_n it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o tartar_n cambalu_n that_o be_v the_o city_n of_o the_o lord_n it_o lie_v in_o 40_o degree_n northern_a latitude_n almost_o upon_o the_o outward_a northern_a limit_n of_o this_o province_n and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n not_o far_o from_o those_o high_a mountain_n and_o that_o great_a and_o famous_a wall_n which_o separate_v the_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n in_o the_o north_n from_o each_o other_o it_o exceed_v the_o southern_a chief_a city_n of_o nank_v in_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n soldier_n and_o magistrate_n but_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o nank_v for_o largeness_n regular_a street_n and_o fortification_n it_o be_v southside_n lie_v vest_v with_o two_o high_a and_o thick_a wall_n which_o be_v so_o broad_a that_o twelve_o horse_n may_v go_v abrest_n upon_o they_o without_o any_o hindrance_n to_o one_o another_o the_o inner_a wall_n which_o extend_v about_o ten_o mile_n in_o circuit_n be_v so_o thick_o set_v with_o bulwark_n that_o one_o may_v easy_o fling_v a_o stone_n from_o tower_n to_o tower_n this_o wall_n be_v all_o of_o stone_n and_o so_o very_o high_a that_o i_o believe_v the_o like_a be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v again_o in_o all_o europe_n the_o outward_a wall_n within_o which_o the_o suhurb_n lie_v environ_v have_v very_o slight_a fortification_n only_o on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o gate_n be_v three_o strong_a outwork_n in_o these_o redoubt_n and_o tower_n the_o soldier_n by_o night_n keep_v strict_a court_n of_o guard_n as_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v at_o the_o gate_n the_o chinese_n emperor_n taicungus_n who_o reign_v over_o china_n in_o the_o year_n 1404._o do_v very_o much_o embellish_v this_o city_n and_o bestow_v several_a privilege_n upon_o it_o among_o the_o emperor_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n this_o taicungus_n be_v the_o first_o that_o leave_v the_o city_n of_o nank_v and_o settle_v his_o imperial_a court_n and_o residence_n in_o this_o chief_a city_n of_o peking_n the_o better_a to_o hinder_v and_o resist_v the_o inroad_n and_o excursion_n of_o the_o tartar_n drive_v out_o of_o the_o neighbour_a country_n by_o his_o grandfather_n the_o city_n have_v twelve_o gate_n all_o rarity_n in_o china_n be_v bring_v hither_o so_o that_o this_o city_n abound_v in_o every_o thing_n fit_a either_o for_o pleasure_n or_o humane_a sustenance_n several_a thousand_o royal_a vessel_n beside_o those_o of_o private_a person_n be_v continual_o employ_v to_o fetch_v all_o manner_n of_o ware_n and_o curiosity_n for_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n at_o peking_n hither_o come_v all_o the_o revenue_n which_o each_o province_n of_o the_o kingdom_n pay_v yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n exchequer_n and_o the_o better_a to_o effect_v this_o for_o the_o import_v of_o all_o ware_n to_o peking_n the_o chineses_n use_v great_a endeavour_n to_o make_v all_o river_n navigable_a that_o so_o they_o may_v come_v with_o ease_n by_o water_n to_o the_o emperor_n court_n with_o the_o product_n of_o several_a province_n just_o may_v a_o man_n admire_v at_o the_o workmanship_n of_o the_o chinese_n which_o partly_o by_o art_n and_o partly_o by_o nature_n be_v so_o bring_v to_o pass_v that_o you_o may_v come_v to_o this_o city_n hundred_o of_o mile_n by_o ship_n from_o most_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o this_o importation_n this_o place_n though_o in_o a_o unfruitful_a and_o barren_a soil_n possess_v every_o thing_n in_o great_a abundance_n and_o may_v be_v call_v the_o granary_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n for_o they_o have_v a_o proverb_n among_o they_o that_o there_o grow_v nothing_o in_o peking_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o want_n of_o any_o thing_n all_o commander_n and_o officer_n as_o well_o civil_a as_o military_a who_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o be_v prefer_v must_v betake_v themselves_o to_o this_o city_n which_o prescribe_v law_n to_o all_o other_o and_o upon_o this_o place_n alone_o depend_v the_o whole_a government_n of_o china_n so_o that_o a_o very_a great_a number_n of_o learned_a man_n and_o officer_n be_v always_o resident_a here_o the_o street_n be_v not_o pave_v insomuch_o that_o in_o wet_a weather_n which_o be_v seldom_o they_o be_v hardly_o passable_a but_o when_o the_o northern_a wind_n blow_v and_o the_o wether_n be_v dry_a the_o soil_n which_o be_v of_o a_o light_a substance_n make_v a_o dust_n far_o more_o noisome_a to_o passenger_n than_o the_o deep_a and_o miry_a street_n for_o such_o it_o be_v that_o it_o blind_v a_o man_n as_o he_o go_v along_o the_o inhabitant_n therefore_o to_o prevent_v this_o inconvenience_n be_v fain_o to_o wear_v silk_n hood_n over_o their_o face_n and_o the_o extraordinary_a foulness_n of_o the_o way_n make_v very_o many_o to_o keep_v horse_n to_o carry_v they_o after_o a_o rainy_a day_n for_o the_o infinite_a number_n of_o common_a people_n that_o be_v continual_o up_o and_o down_o turn_v this_o dusty_a soil_n into_o mire_n and_o dirt_n after_o a_o little_a rain_n there_o be_v also_o horse_n or_o sedan_n to_o be_v hire_v at_o any_o time_n for_o the_o accommodation_n of_o passenger_n but_o none_o make_v use_v of_o sedan_n or_o chair_n but_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o which_o they_o be_v carry_v in_o great_a state_n these_o sedan_n be_v make_v very_o artificial_o of_o bamboes_n or_o rush_n in_o the_o middle_n whereof_o stand_v a_o chair_n which_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o tiger_n skin_n upon_o which_o he_o that_o be_v carry_v seat_n himself_o have_v behind_o he_o a_o boy_n with_o a_o umbril_n in_o his_o hand_n to_o keep_v off_o the_o sun_n his_o servant_n likewise_o attend_v he_o some_o of_o they_o go_v before_o and_o other_o follow_v after_o with_o ensign_n upon_o their_o shoulder_n whereby_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n be_v know_v and_o he_o respect_v according_o as_o he_o pass_v along_o the_o city_n abound_v in_o extraordinary_a brave_a building_n famous_a idol-temple_n high_a and_o artificial_a tower_n and_o triumphal_a arch_n which_o exceed_o adorn_v the_o same_o but_o we_o have_v not_o so_o full_a a_o view_n thereof_o as_o we_o can_v have_v wish_v in_o regard_n we_o be_v little_o better_a as_o have_v be_v already_o say_v than_o confine_v to_o our_o lodging_n by_o order_n of_o the_o emperor_n marcus_n paulus_n a_o venetian_a who_o be_v in_o this_o city_n in_o the_o year_n 1275._o when_o the_o tartar_n conquer_v the_o southern_a province_n of_o china_n call_v the_o same_o in_o his_o write_n by_o the_o name_n of_o cambalu_n which_o he_o describe_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o city_n cambalu_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o province_n of_o cathai_n upon_o a_o great_a river_n and_o signify_v the_o city_n of_o the_o lord_n have_v be_v very_o famous_a in_o all_o age_n the_o great_a cham_n do_v transfer_v this_o city_n to_o another_o part_n of_o the_o river_n for_o the_o astrologer_n have_v foretell_v he_o that_o it_o shall_v rise_v up_o against_o he_o it_o lie_v foursquare_a and_o be_v twenty_o four_o mile_n in_o circumference_n so_o that_o each_o side_n be_v six_o mile_n long_o the_o wall_n be_v of_o white_a stone_n high_a and_o broad_a each_o side_n of_o the_o wall_n have_v three_o
make_v so_o much_o speed_v that_o day_n that_o before_o sunset_n we_o get_v beyond_o the_o eastern_a island_n of_o maccao_n upon_o the_o four_o instant_a we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o northern_a mountain_n of_o aynam_n which_o lie_v about_o six_o mile_n north-west_n from_o we_o upon_o the_o 21._o of_o march_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o island_n linga_fw-mi situate_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o sumatra_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n we_o spy_v a_o sail_n whereupon_o we_o man_v out_o our_o boat_n to_o discover_v what_o she_o be_v and_o whence_o she_o come_v by_o who_o we_o understand_v that_o it_o be_v our_o bloemandael_n which_o have_v lose_v we_o by_o the_o way_n so_o we_o join_v together_o and_o steer_v our_o course_n south-west_n upon_o the_o 24._o we_o come_v into_o the_o straight_a banca_n between_o the_o great_a island_n borneo_n and_o sumatra_n and_o upon_o the_o 26._o we_o pass_v by_o the_o island_n lucipara_n and_o so_o through_o the_o abovementioned_a narrow_a on_o the_o last_o of_o march_n we_o arrive_v in_o our_o long-desired_a harbour_n of_o batavia_n after_o we_o have_v spend_v twenty_o month_n and_o six_o day_n in_o this_o tedious_a and_o expensive_a voyage_n the_o ambassador_n immediate_o go_v ashore_o to_o give_v a_o account_n to_o the_o governor-general_n and_o the_o council_n of_o india_n of_o their_o transaction_n in_o this_o their_o voyage_n to_o and_o from_o peking_n and_o to_o inform_v they_o what_o ill_a success_n they_o have_v in_o their_o business_n with_o the_o emperor_n there_o notwithstanding_o all_o their_o endeavour_n and_o the_o rich_a present_v they_o have_v give_v as_o well_o to_o the_o emperor_n himself_o as_o to_o the_o mandorin_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o grandee_n of_o his_o court_n the_o value_n of_o these_o present_v amount_v in_o the_o whole_a to_o 5555_o l._n 1_o s._n 7_o d._n sterling_n and_o the_o expense_n of_o our_o expedition_n forward_o and_o backward_o come_v to_o 4327_o l._n 10_o d._n sterling_n which_o together_o amount_v to_o the_o sum_n of_o 9882_o l._n 2_o s._n 5_o d._n sterling_n and_o for_o all_o these_o present_n and_o great_a trouble_n of_o so_o dangerous_a and_o long_o travel_v we_o effect_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o the_o hollander_n be_v receive_v as_o friend_n by_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n and_o may_v return_v eight_o year_n hence_o to_o salute_v his_o imperial_a majesty_n according_a to_o the_o content_n of_o the_o forementioned_a letter_n which_o the_o great_a cham_n write_v to_o the_o governor-general_n at_o batavia_n and_o though_o through_o the_o mean_n and_o design_n of_o the_o portuguese_a jesuit_n as_o have_v be_v often_o mention_v our_o business_n do_v not_o succeed_v with_o the_o emperor_n according_a to_o our_o wish_n yet_o we_o hope_v that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n and_o before_o the_o date_n of_o eight_o year_n shall_v be_v expire_v something_o will_v be_v do_v to_o the_o advantage_n of_o our_o traffic_n by_o send_v a_o few_o more_o present_n to_o the_o emperor_n which_o several_a of_o the_o grandee_n of_o peking_n do_v more_o than_o hint_n to_o our_o ambassador_n beside_o the_o great_a cham_fw-mi have_v war_n with_o that_o arch-pyrate_n coxinga_fw-mi if_o we_o shall_v but_o propose_v to_o assist_v his_o imperial_a majesty_n with_o our_o ship_n for_o the_o subdue_a of_o the_o say_a pirate_n i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o he_o will_v quick_o consent_v to_o give_v we_o a_o free_a trade_n in_o his_o dominion_n among_o so_o many_o alteration_n happen_v since_o our_o departure_n we_o understand_v at_o our_o arrival_n with_o great_a joy_n that_o the_o strong_a city_n of_o columbo_n in_o the_o island_n of_o ceylon_n be_v fall_v into_o our_o hand_n by_o the_o conduct_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o general_n dirck_n hulft_v who_o command_v over_o those_o force_n that_o be_v send_v to_o subdue_v it_o this_o valiant_a commander_n be_v unfortunate_o slay_v in_o a_o assault_n make_v by_o he_o upon_o the_o say_a city_n which_o be_v perceive_v by_o his_o courageous_a soldier_n they_o fall_v on_o with_o so_o much_o fury_n that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v satisfy_v for_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o commander_n with_o any_o thing_n less_o than_o the_o take_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v soon_o after_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o upon_o term_n how_o great_a a_o advantage_n this_o will_v prove_v to_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o east-india_n company_n any_o one_o may_v easy_o guess_v if_o they_o do_v but_o know_v that_o from_o this_o place_n come_v the_o best_a cinnamon_n we_o likewise_o understand_v that_o the_o troublesome_a and_o contentious_a business_n in_o amboyna_n which_o threaten_v this_o place_n with_o great_a danger_n be_v accommodate_v and_o reconcile_v through_o the_o wise_a management_n of_o arnold_n de_fw-mi ulaming_z so_o that_o one_o may_v live_v free_o and_o peaceable_o there_o and_o drive_v their_o trade_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o former_o last_o we_o be_v inform_v that_o the_o bantam_n javaner_n be_v grow_v weary_a of_o the_o war_n and_o seek_v to_o live_v in_o peace_n with_o the_o hollander_n which_o will_v high_o make_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o our_o east-india_n company_n i_o have_v treat_v thus_o far_o in_o short_a concern_v what_o happen_v upon_o our_o travel_n forward_o and_o backward_o to_o the_o emperor_n court_n at_o peking_n wherein_o to_o my_o knowledge_n i_o have_v not_o in_o the_o least_o say_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o truth_n and_o as_o i_o begin_v in_o give_v a_o description_n in_o short_a of_o the_o whole_a empire_n for_o as_o much_o as_o concern_v the_o country_n itself_o so_o i_o conceive_v it_o not_o improper_a for_o a_o more_o full_a and_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o all_o china_n to_o continue_v my_o relation_n of_o the_o government_n letter_n learning_n manner_n custom_n fashion_n and_o modes_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n creature_n beast_n herb_n fruit_n war_n and_o peace_n in_o this_o vast_a dominion_n of_o china_n finis_fw-la a_o general_n description_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n chap._n i._n of_o the_o government_n and_o several_a chief_a officer_n in_o china_n our_o statist_n in_o europe_n and_o most_o else_o that_o follow_v science_n and_o literature_n be_v not_o ignorant_a in_o the_o least_o of_o the_o three_o form_n of_o government_n viz._n that_o of_o monarcy_n or_o the_o absolute_a power_n of_o a_o single_a person_n aristocracy_n be_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o noble_n and_o democracy_n the_o sway_n of_o the_o multitude_n now_o the_o kingdom_n or_o empire_n of_o china_n have_v be_v govern_v from_o age_n to_o age_n in_o a_o series_n or_o long_a prescription_n of_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n by_o a_o single_a person_n the_o supreme_a authority_n be_v always_o monarchical_a for_o both_o the_o power_n of_o the_o noble_n and_o that_o of_o the_o populacy_n be_v so_o altogether_o unknown_a to_o the_o chinese_n that_o we_o have_v a_o difficult_a task_n when_o we_o be_v at_o peking_n to_o make_v they_o understand_v what_o our_o government_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n be_v and_o what_o be_v our_o high_a and_o mighty_a lord_n the_o state_n general_n the_o emperor_n of_o china_n command_v over_o the_o life_n and_o estate_n of_o all_o his_o subject_n he_o alone_o be_v the_o supreme_a head_n and_o governor_n so_o that_o the_o chinese_n government_n be_v absolute_o monarchical_a the_o crown_n descend_v from_o father_n to_o son_n and_o for_o want_v of_o issue-male_n it_o come_v to_o the_o next_o of_o blood_n the_o elder_a son_n first_o resume_v the_o paternal_a throne_n only_o we_o read_v that_o two_o or_o three_o king_n in_o old_a time_n disinherit_v their_o child_n be_v hold_v unfit_a to_o govern_v and_o put_v the_o sceptre_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o stranger_n no_o way_n relate_v to_o they_o it_o have_v also_o often_o happen_v that_o the_o subject_n have_v by_o force_n wrest_v the_o government_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o lawful_a prince_n for_o be_v too_o severe_a harsh_a and_o cruel_a in_o his_o reign_n and_o confer_v it_o on_o one_o more_o agreeable_a to_o their_o humour_n who_o they_o have_v acknowledge_v for_o their_o lawful_a prince_n yet_o herein_o be_v the_o chineses_n to_o be_v commend_v that_o many_o among_o they_o have_v rather_o die_v honourable_o than_o sweat_n fidelity_n to_o any_o prince_n that_o get_v the_o crown_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n have_v no_o just_a title_n to_o the_o same_o for_o they_o have_v a_o proverb_n among_o they_o that_o a_o honest_a woman_n can_v marry_v two_o husband_n nor_o a_o faithful_a subject_n serve_v two_o lord_n when_o the_o heir_n which_o general_o be_v the_o elder_a son_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o child_n be_v treat_v with_o royal_a dignity_n and_o honour_n but_o they_o must_v not_o use_v any_o regal_a authority_n the_o king_n allot_v to_o each_o of_o they_o a_o city_n with_o a_o royal_a palace_n where_o he_o
structure_n in_o art_n and_o costliness_n it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v erect_v upon_o this_o account_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a daughter_n who_o be_v worthy_a remark_n for_o her_o obedience_n to_o her_o mother-in-law_n she_o have_v one_o day_n a_o pullet_n for_o dinner_n invite_v her_o stepdame_n to_o the_o eat_a part_n of_o it_o who_o accept_v the_o invitation_n and_o come_v to_o participate_v thereof_o have_v no_o soon_o taste_v of_o it_o but_o she_o fall_v down_o dead_a the_o daughter_n be_v immediate_o apprehend_v bring_v before_o a_o judge_n and_o accuse_v of_o poison_v her_o mother-in-law_n and_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v so_o clear_a be_v condemn_v to_o die_v as_o she_o be_v go_v to_o the_o place_n of_o execution_n she_o happen_v to_o pass_v by_o a_o pomegranate-tree_n then_o in_o blossom_n which_o hold_v fast_o in_o her_o hand_n she_o pray_v as_o be_v say_v after_o this_o manner_n if_o i_o have_v poison_v my_o stepmother_n may_v the_o flower_n of_o this_o branch_n now_o in_o my_o hand_n wither_v but_o if_o i_o be_v innocent_a let_v the_o branch_n live_v and_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n immediate_o which_o word_n be_v hardly_o pass_v her_o lip_n before_o that_o branch_n which_o she_o hold_v in_o her_o hand_n hang_v full_a of_o pomegranate_n in_o remembrance_n of_o which_o so_o famous_a miracle_n the_o inhabitant_n build_v this_o tower_n and_o call_v it_o xelenhoa_o which_o signify_v a_o pomegranate-tree_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n hangcheu_o be_v four_o of_o these_o tower_n each_o of_o they_o nine_o story_n high_a and_o in_o the_o great_a city_n niencheu_o be_v another_o of_o the_o like_a height_n near_o to_o the_o city_n vencheu_o lie_v a_o hill_n call_v paocai_n upon_o who_o top_n stand_v a_o tower_n nine_o story_n high_a which_o serve_v for_o a_o landmark_a to_o the_o ship_n and_o mariner_n sail_v at_o sea_n last_o in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o to_o the_o city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la lie_v a_o mountain_n call_v funghoang_v upon_o the_o top_n whereof_o stand_v a_o like_a tower_n of_o nine_o story_n high_a triumphal_a arch_n most_o of_o the_o city_n in_o china_n both_o small_a and_o great_a be_v adorn_v and_o beautify_v with_o triumphal_a arch_n stately_a tower_n and_o pyramid_n make_v of_o stone_n or_o marble_n with_o great_a art_n cost_n and_o ingenuity_n and_o adorn_v with_o image_n be_v general_o erect_v in_o honour_n of_o some_o famous_a act_n thing_n or_o person_n those_o who_o have_v do_v their_o country_n any_o signal_n service_n have_v some_o of_o these_o set_v up_o to_o eternize_v their_o memory_n almost_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o be_v former_o practise_v by_o the_o ancient_a roman_n so_o also_o if_o any_o have_v be_v more_o excellent_a in_o learning_n or_o if_o any_o magistrate_n have_v signalise_v himself_o by_o his_o good_a behaviour_n in_o his_o employment_n in_o honour_n of_o such_o arch_n tower_n pillar_n or_o pyramid_n be_v build_v and_o common_o place_v as_o ornament_n in_o the_o chief_a street_n and_o most_o populous_a place_n their_o fashion_n be_v this_o they_o have_v three_o roof_n the_o big_a in_o the_o middle_n and_o on_o each_o side_n a_o small_a one_o underneath_o which_o man_n pass_v as_o it_o be_v through_o a_o very_a broad_a gate_n the_o side_n be_v adorn_v with_o lion_n and_o other_o image_n curious_o cut_v out_o of_o marble_n and_o fix_v thereto_o or_o otherwise_o very_o artificial_o bore_v through_o and_o sometime_o adorn_v with_o small_a image_n cut_v out_o of_o stone_n so_o that_o it_o be_v indeed_o a_o thing_n deserve_o to_o be_v admire_v which_o way_n they_o can_v bore_v through_o such_o great_a stone_n and_o cut_v image_n out_o of_o they_o as_o they_o lie_v fix_v in_o the_o building_n the_o whole_a arch_n for_o the_o most_o part_n consist_v of_o three_o story_n and_o be_v on_o the_o front_n and_o back_o alike_o for_o fashion_n so_o that_o when_o you_o look_v upon_o the_o one_o side_n you_o have_v in_o effect_n see_v both_o side_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o all_o lie_v a_o blue_a stone_n upon_o which_o the_o emperor_n name_n in_o who_o government_n the_o same_o be_v erect_v be_v curious_o engrave_v in_o letter_n of_o gold_n in_o the_o middle_n also_o lie_v a_o very_a large_a flat_a stone_n upon_o which_o be_v write_v in_o gilt_n or_o blue_a letter_n the_o name_n country_n and_o dignity_n of_o he_o in_o who_o behalf_n this_o edifice_n be_v erect_v chap._n xi_o of_o river_n channel_n highway_n bridge_n ship_n etc._n etc._n through_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n run_v the_o river_n to_o as_o far_o as_o sinfan_n be_v a_o branch_n bring_v from_o the_o river_n kiang_n by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o emperor_n ivos_fw-la to_o hinder_v the_o overflow_a of_o that_o river_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n be_v most_o of_o the_o river_n which_o come_v from_o the_o north_n make_v by_o art_n so_o useful_a as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v natural_o so_o it_o be_v high_o to_o be_v admire_v and_o merit_v the_o high_a commendation_n to_o consider_v with_o what_o labour_n and_o pain_n they_o have_v effect_v such_o vast_a undertake_n for_o in_o some_o place_n there_o be_v very_o large_a channel_n run_v far_o up_o into_o the_o country_n which_o have_v be_v dig_v and_o be_v pave_v on_o both_o side_n with_o stone_n over_o which_o channel_n lie_v many_o great_a and_o heavy_a sluice_n with_o several_a bridge_n convenient_a for_o traveller_n either_o by_o land_n or_o water_n in_o ningpo_n the_o nine_o city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n both_o side_n of_o the_o artificial_a river_n for_o several_a mile_n together_o be_v make_v up_o with_o stone_n at_o the_o end_n of_o every_o river_n lie_v a_o sluice_n through_o which_o all_o vessel_n must_v pass_v before_o they_o come_v into_o it_o in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o city_n xaohing_n be_v a_o artificial_a river_n towards_o the_o east_n three_o day_n journey_n in_o length_n both_o side_n whereof_o be_v make_v up_o with_o brick_n to_o prevent_v the_o earth_n from_o fall_v in_o to_o choke_v or_o clog_v up_o the_o same_o common_a way_n the_o common_a passage_n or_o highway_n in_o china_n be_v contrive_v as_o much_o for_o the_o convenience_n and_o ease_n of_o traveller_n as_o in_o any_o place_n or_o the_o world_n we_o begin_v in_o the_o southern_a province_n where_o most_o of_o their_o way_n 〈◊〉_d even_o and_o smooth_a the_o very_a hill_n be_v make_v passable_a and_o a_o way_n hew_a 〈◊〉_d through_o the_o rock_n by_o the_o labour_n of_o man_n hand_n upon_o these_o so_o commodious_a way_n stand_v several_a mark_n of_o stone_n which_o declare_v the_o distance_n of_o place_n from_o one_o another_o and_o every_o ten_o mile_n there_o be_v a_o post_n appoint_v to_o câ—â—ry_v the_o emperor_n and_o magistrate_n letter_n and_o command_n which_o be_v 〈◊〉_d receive_v be_v deliver_v with_o extraordinary_a speed_n so_o that_o there_o happen_v nothing_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o country_n but_o it_o be_v present_o know_v 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they_o shall_v be_v a_o hindrance_n to_o the_o boat_n that_o be_v tow_v along_o by_o rope_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n near_o to_o the_o city_n hinghoa_n the_o way_n be_v well_o and_o strong_o pave_v with_o stone_n for_o above_o four_o dutch_a mile_n in_o length_n near_o to_o the_o city_n hoant_v lie_v a_o deep_a small_a and_o darkish_a valley_n through_o which_o run_v a_o pave_a way_n two_o mile_n in_o length_n upon_o the_o mountain_n mechi_n which_o be_v in_o truth_n a_o wilderness_n lie_v a_o firm_a but_o very_o narrow_a way_n make_v by_o art_n for_o traveller_n to_o pass_v over_o and_o upon_o co_n be_v a_o very_a steep_a way_n at_o least_o ten_o dutch_a mile_n near_o to_o the_o city_n of_o kiangxan_n there_o be_v a_o great_a mountain_n call_v cve_v at_o least_o three_o hundred_o
furlong_n in_o length_n over_o which_o be_v the_o direct_a road_n to_o fokien_n and_o have_v several_a good_a inn_n upon_o it_o for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o passenger_n bridge_n or_o sluice_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la over_o the_o river_n guei_n lie_v three_o sluice_n namely_o one_o easterly_n the_o second_o in_o the_o middle_n the_o three_o towards_o the_o west_n all_o of_o they_o build_v very_o strong_a with_o many_o great_a and_o very_o high_a arch_n of_o square_a stone_n curious_o adorn_v and_o carve_v with_o divers_a sort_n of_o image_n as_o lion_n dragon_n and_o the_o like_a in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_o in_o the_o four_o chief_a city_n ganxin_n be_v three_o sluice_n of_o great_a bigness_n but_o the_o three_o call_v tiense_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o natural_a sluice_n be_v well_o nigh_o a_o thousand_o rod_n long_o in_o the_o same_o province_n near_o to_o the_o city_n hanchung_a be_v a_o most_o admirable_a piece_n of_o work_n so_o great_a a_o masterpiece_n in_o its_o kind_n that_o the_o like_a thereof_o be_v hardly_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o world_n who_o description_n i_o will_v give_v you_o as_o follow_v between_o this_o and_o the_o chief_a city_n the_o way_n be_v former_o altogether_o unpassable_a and_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v constrain_v to_o fetch_v a_o great_a compass_n round_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o high_a and_o rough_a hill_n and_o steep_a passage_n sometime_o necessitate_v to_o travel_v towards_o the_o east_n to_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n and_o then_o again_o to_o turn_v towards_o the_o north_n so_o that_o they_o go_v at_o least_o two_o thousand_o furlong_n whereas_o the_o direct_a way_n over_o the_o mountain_n be_v not_o much_o more_o than_o five_o hundred_o wherefore_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o race_n of_o cina_n when_o licupangus_fw-la mad_a war_n with_o hiangyus_fw-la for_o the_o empire_n all_o these_o steep_a hill_n and_o vale_n be_v level_v by_o order_n of_o changleangus_fw-la the_o general_n of_o licupangus_fw-la to_o make_v his_o army_n with_o the_o more_o ease_n to_o pursue_v the_o fly_a enemy_n and_o certain_o with_o great_a and_o incredible_a labour_n and_o industry_n be_v this_o stupendous_a work_n effect_v in_o which_o he_o employ_v no_o less_o than_o his_o whole_a army_n with_o at_o least_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n more_o by_o who_o labour_n a_o way_n be_v at_o last_o perfect_v through_o the_o same_o on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o way_n be_v wall_n make_v out_o of_o these_o mountain_n so_o high_a that_o part_n thereof_o touch_v the_o very_a cloud_n and_o thereby_o obscure_v the_o passage_n in_o some_o place_n in_o other_o he_o cause_v plank_n to_o be_v lay_v to_o serve_v as_o bridge_n to_o pass_v over_o from_o one_o mountain_n to_o another_o on_o purpose_n to_o shorten_v the_o way_n which_o be_v general_o so_o broad_a that_o four_o may_v ride_v abreast_o and_o have_v convenience_n enough_o to_o accommodate_v passenger_n and_o lest_o the_o people_n shall_v by_o chance_n receive_v any_o mischief_n as_o they_o pass_v over_o the_o bridge_n both_o the_o side_n thereof_o be_v rail_v in_o from_o one_o end_n to_o another_o in_o the_o same_o province_n near_o to_o the_o city_n chegan_n be_v a_o bridge_n call_v fi_n reach_v from_o one_o mountain_n to_o another_o and_o have_v but_o one_o single_a arch_n which_o be_v six_o hundred_o foot_n long_o and_o near_o seven_o hundred_o foot_n high_a through_o which_o the_o yellow_a river_n run_v it_o be_v three_o year_n in_o building_n and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o people_n the_o fly_a bridge_n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n in_o the_o city_n queite_fw-mi lie_v a_o sluice_n make_v of_o foursquare_a stone_n over_o the_o mere_a or_o lake_n call_v nan._n in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n near_o to_o the_o city_n chyangang_n be_v another_o sluice_n of_o stone_n have_v several_a arch_n erect_v by_o king_n guei_n in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n in_o the_o little_a city_n of_o gangin_n there_o be_v a_o bridge_n worthy_a to_o be_v speak_v of_o and_o call_v the_o bridge_n of_o obedience_n and_o subjection_n the_o story_n of_o it_o go_v thus_o a_o daughter_n of_o rich_a parent_n marry_v a_o husband_n who_o soon_o after_o die_v and_o in_o regard_n it_o be_v hold_v in_o china_n a_o great_a dishonour_n to_o honest_a woman_n to_o marry_v the_o second_o time_n she_o go_v and_o live_v with_o her_o father_n and_o mother_n that_o by_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o their_o company_n she_o may_v the_o better_o and_o more_o easy_o forget_v the_o loss_n of_o her_o husband_n but_o not_o long_o after_o her_o father_n and_o mother_n happen_v to_o die_v by_o who_o loss_n be_v leave_v comfortless_a she_o upon_o serious_a debate_n within_o herself_o lay_v out_o her_o estate_n upon_o building_n of_o this_o bridge_n which_o stand_v upon_o several_a arch_n and_o when_o she_o have_v finish_v it_o be_v yet_o trouble_v in_o her_o thought_n she_o come_v early_o one_o morning_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o structure_n which_o have_v do_v and_o imagine_v her_o memory_n will_v be_v eternize_v thereby_o she_o fling_v herself_o headlong_o into_o the_o river_n where_o she_o be_v drown_v in_o the_o same_o province_n in_o the_o city_n of_o cancheu_fw-la where_o the_o river_n change_v and_o can_v meet_v in_o one_o be_v a_o very_a long_a bridge_n build_v upon_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o boat_n fasten_v to_o one_o another_o with_o chain_n upon_o which_o lie_v the_o plank_n and_o timber_n that_o compile_v the_o bridge_n one_o or_o two_o of_o which_o boat_n be_v so_o contrive_v and_o order_v that_o they_o easy_o remove_v to_o open_v or_o shut_v and_o so_o make_v passage_n for_o vessel_n at_o pleasure_n after_o they_o have_v pay_v their_o toll_n for_o the_o receipt_n whereof_o there_o stand_v a_o toll-house_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o bridge_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o the_o five_o chief_a city_n xinhoa_n from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n fanguien_v be_v a_o very_a large_a bridge_n make_v over_o a_o vale_n which_o be_v so_o stupendous_a a_o work_n that_o it_o fill_v all_o people_n with_o great_a admiration_n that_o ever_o see_v it_o in_o the_o same_o province_n in_o the_o city_n luki_n be_v a_o bridge_n consist_v of_o stone_n pillar_n and_o wooden_a plank_n which_o be_v a_o hundred_o rod_n in_o length_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n focheu_o be_v a_o very_a stately_a sluice_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o rod_n long_o and_o half_a a_o rod_n broad_a build_v over_o a_o inlet_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o yellow_a and_o white_a stone_n with_o a_o hundred_o very_o lofty_a arch_n adorn_v and_o beautify_v with_o sculpture_n of_o lion_n and_o other_o creature_n the_o like_a lie_n near_o to_o the_o city_n foce_n and_o according_a to_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o chinese_n be_v a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o rod_n long_o in_o the_o second_o chief_a city_n civencheu_o may_v be_v see_v a_o stately_a bridge_n call_v loyang_n the_o like_a whereof_o be_v hardly_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o whole_a world_n who_o description_n a_o certain_a chinese_n historian_n give_v after_o this_o manner_n near_o to_o the_o city_n burrolilicum_fw-la say_v he_o lie_v over_o the_o river_n loyang_n the_o bridge_n by_o some_o call_v also_o loyang_n but_o by_o other_o vangang_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n name_v cayang_n cause_v this_o bridge_n to_o be_v make_v which_o be_v three_o hundred_o sixty_o rod_n long_o and_o half_a a_o rod_n broad_a before_o the_o erect_n thereof_o people_n be_v ferry_v over_o in_o boat_n but_o in_o regard_n every_o year_n several_a boat_n be_v cast_v away_o by_o foul_a wether_n the_o governor_n for_o the_o preservation_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n resolve_v to_o build_v this_o bridge_n which_o he_o do_v of_o blackâ—_n stone_n it_o rest_v not_o upon_o arch_n but_o have_v at_o least_o three_o hundred_o large_a pedestal_n or_o column_n of_o stone_n make_v after_o the_o fashion_n of_o boat_n which_o be_v sharp_a before_o the_o better_a to_o withstand_v the_o force_n of_o the_o current_n and_o to_o prevent_v any_o danger_n to_o such_o as_o pass_v over_o the_o side_n be_v wall_v in_o with_o stone_n to_o a_o good_a height_n and_o beautify_v in_o several_a place_n with_o image_n of_o all_o sort_n according_a to_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o country_n in_o the_o three_o chief_a city_n cangcheu_o there_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v another_o very_a stately_a bridge_n make_v of_o stone_n with_o thirty_o six_o very_a high_a and_o great_a arch_n it_o be_v so_o commodious_o broad_a that_o shop_n be_v make_v on_o both_o side_n and_o yet_o room_n enough_o for_o passenger_n either_o on_o horse_n or_o foot_n there_o be_v several_a other_o famous_a bridge_n in_o many_o port_n and_o city_n of_o this_o empire_n which_o to_o particularize_v
will_v take_v up_o too_o much_o time_n and_o make_v this_o book_n swell_v into_o a_o large_a volume_n than_o be_v at_o first_o intend_v therefore_o to_o pass_v they_o by_o we_o will_v proceed_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o fashion_n of_o their_o ship_n of_o ship_n the_o royal_a ship_n and_o those_o of_o the_o governor_n of_o province_n exceed_v the_o rest_n and_o be_v build_v after_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o few_o or_o none_o will_v scarce_o give_v credit_n to_o the_o account_n i_o shall_v give_v of_o they_o unless_o they_o have_v see_v they_o our_o vessel_n in_o europe_n be_v in_o no_o wise_a comparable_a to_o those_o for_o they_o lie_v upon_o the_o water_n like_o high_a house_n or_o castle_n and_o be_v divide_v on_o both_o side_n with_o partition_n in_o the_o middle_n be_v a_o place_n like_o a_o hall_n furnish_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o householdstuff_n as_o table_n chair_n etc._n etc._n the_o window_n and_o door_n be_v make_v in_o the_o fashion_n of_o our_o grate_v wherein_o in_o stead_n of_o glass_n they_o use_v the_o thin_a oyster-shell_n they_o can_v get_v or_o else_o fine_a linen_n or_o silk_n which_o they_o spread_v with_o clear_a wax_n and_o adorn_v with_o several_a sort_n of_o flower_n and_o this_o keep_v out_o the_o wind_n and_o air_n better_o than_o any_o glass_n round_o about_o the_o ship_n be_v make_v gallery_n very_o commodious_a for_o the_o seaman_n to_o do_v whatever_o business_n they_o have_v without_o prejudice_n to_o the_o rig_n the_o outside_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v paint_v with_o a_o certain_a sort_n of_o gum_n call_v cie_n which_o make_v it_o glitter_v and_o appear_v very_o glorious_a at_o a_o distance_n but_o within_o it_o be_v most_o curious_o paint_v with_o several_a colour_n very_o pleasant_a and_o delightful_a to_o the_o eye_n the_o plank_n and_o timber-work_n be_v so_o curious_o rift_v together_o and_o joint_v that_o there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o sign_n of_o any_o ironwork_n in_o length_n they_o differ_v not_o much_o from_o those_o in_o europe_n only_o they_o be_v low_a and_o narrow_a and_o the_o passage_n up_o into_o they_o be_v by_o a_o ladder_n twelve_o foot_n long_o the_o stern_a of_o the_o ship_n where_o the_o trumpeter_n and_o drummer_n stand_v be_v like_o a_o castle_n when_o any_o of_o these_o ship_n of_o the_o governor_n meet_v one_o another_o at_o sea_n they_o salute_v and_o give_v place_n according_a to_o their_o quality_n which_o be_v write_v in_o great_a letter_n behind_o their_o ship_n so_o that_o there_o never_o happen_v any_o dispute_n about_o precedency_n when_o it_o be_v a_o calm_a at_o sea_n and_o little_a or_o no_o wind_n stir_v to_o fill_v their_o sail_n which_o be_v make_v of_o mat_n there_o be_v certain_a man_n appoint_v to_o tow_n the_o same_o at_o such_o time_n also_o and_o as_o a_o far_a help_n they_o be_v very_o dexterous_a in_o the_o use_n of_o their_o oar_n wherewith_o they_o can_v row_v without_o pull_v they_o out_o of_o the_o water_n the_o ship_n which_o carry_v the_o fish_n call_v saull_n and_o the_o silk_n to_o the_o imperial_a court_n be_v so_o extraordinary_o curious_a and_o rich_a that_o no_o other_o can_v compare_v with_o they_o for_o they_o be_v gild_v within_o and_o without_o and_o paint_a red_n and_o such_o be_v their_o esteem_n that_o all_o other_o ship_n strike_v sail_n and_o give_v place_n to_o these_o whensoever_o or_o wheresoever_o they_o meet_v they_o in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o sucheu_fw-la may_v be_v see_v several_a pleasure-boat_n or_o little_a ship_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n keep_v only_o for_o their_o pleasure_n they_o be_v very_o rich_o gild_a and_o paint_a and_o may_v more_o proper_o be_v compare_v to_o house_n than_o ship_n some_o of_o the_o chineses_n be_v so_o profuse_o in_o love_n with_o they_o that_o they_o will_v spend_v their_o estate_n aboard_o these_o vessel_n in_o eat_v and_o drink_v there_o be_v a_o vast_a and_o incredible_a number_n of_o ship_n and_o boat_n that_o pass_v daily_o from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o by_o which_o mean_v there_o be_v so_o great_a accommodation_n by_o water_n that_o man_n may_v pass_v from_o the_o city_n of_o maccao_n to_o the_o city_n of_o peking_n except_o one_o day_n journey_n by_o water_n also_o man_n may_v travel_v by_o boat_n from_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n through_o the_o whole_a province_n of_o suchue_n from_o east_n to_o west_n and_o to_o say_v the_o truth_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o considerable_a city_n but_o what_o have_v access_n to_o it_o by_o water_n for_o the_o native_n have_v with_o art_n and_o industry_n dig_v channel_n through_o most_o of_o the_o province_n and_o let_v in_o the_o river_n on_o purpose_n to_o carry_v their_o good_n and_o themselves_o by_o water_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o extraordinary_a hill_n and_o desert_n which_o they_o meet_v with_o in_o a_o passage_n or_o journey_n by_o land_n of_o all_o which_o we_o have_v already_o make_v mention_n in_o our_o general_n description_n of_o china_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n be_v such_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o vessel_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n proffer_v the_o emperor_n when_o he_o intend_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o those_o of_o japan_n to_o make_v he_o a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n which_o shall_v reach_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o say_a island_n of_o japan_n the_o court_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o province_n in_o each_o chief_a city_n be_v at_o least_o fifteen_o or_o twenty_o great_a house_n belong_v to_o the_o governor_n which_o be_v regard_n of_o the_o magnificence_n of_o their_o building_n may_v compare_v with_o king_n palace_n in_o other_o less_o be_v eight_o or_o nine_o great_a house_n and_o in_o every_o small_a city_n four_o which_o be_v all_o alike_o in_o fashion_n only_o they_o differ_v in_o largeness_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o governor_n at_o the_o front_n of_o each_o palace_n be_v three_o gate_n whereof_o the_o big_a stand_v in_o the_o middle_n adorn_v on_o both_o side_n with_o great_a marble_n lion_n next_o to_o this_o plano_n or_o court-yard_n pail_v in_o paint_v with_o gum_n which_o they_o call_v cie_n in_o this_o plano_n stand_v two_o small_a tower_n or_o pyramid_n curious_o adorn_v and_o furnish_v with_o several_a musical_a instrument_n upon_o which_o certain_a person_n play_v as_o often_o as_o the_o governor_n go_v out_o or_o come_v in_o within_o the_o gate_n be_v a_o large_a hall_n and_o general_o every_o great_a palace_n have_v four_o or_o five_o where_o the_o governor_n give_v audience_n to_o any_o that_o come_v about_o business_n to_o he_o on_o the_o side_n of_o this_o hall_n be_v several_a small_a apartment_n inhabit_v by_o inferior_a officer_n here_o be_v also_o two_o particular_a room_n for_o the_o reception_n of_o person_n of_o quality_n that_o come_v to_o visit_v the_o governor_n when_o you_o be_v pass_v these_o two_o room_n you_o come_v to_o three_o gate_n more_o which_o be_v seldom_o open_v but_o when_o the_o governor_n sit_v upon_o the_o bench_n of_o judicature_n the_o middlemost_a of_o these_o gate_n be_v very_o large_a through_o which_o person_n of_o quality_n be_v only_o suffer_v to_o go_v other_o people_n pass_v through_o the_o gate_n on_o each_o side_n then_o you_o come_v to_o another_o large_a plano_n at_o the_o end_n whereof_o be_v a_o great_a court_n build_v upon_o pillar_n call_v tangle_n and_o here_o the_o governor_n administer_v justice_n on_o both_o side_n thereof_o the_o courtier_n and_o inferior_a officer_n have_v their_o dwelling_n who_o never_o remove_v with_o the_o governor_n but_o live_v there_o continual_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v maintain_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o country_n next_o to_o this_o be_v a_o inward_a court_n but_o far_o exceed_v the_o former_a and_o be_v call_v sutang_n which_o signify_v private_a and_o in_o this_o court_n only_o may_v the_o near_a relation_n converse_v with_o the_o governor_n to_o these_o place_n appertain_v also_o several_a garden_n orchard_n pond_n rivers_n warrens_n and_o the_o like_a as_o well_o for_o pleasure_n and_o ornament_n as_o profit_n and_o here_o observe_v that_o the_o emperor_n furnish_v the_o governor_n not_o only_o with_o these_o palace_n but_o likewise_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o householdstuff_n provision_n and_o servant_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n and_o when_o a_o governor_n which_o be_v yet_o more_o remarkable_a happen_v to_o depart_v to_o the_o rule_n of_o another_o province_n or_o else_o to_o lay_v down_o his_o employment_n which_o fall_v out_o common_o every_o half_a year_n it_o be_v allowable_a for_o he_o to_o take_v all_o the_o household_n good_n with_o he_o and_o then_o the_o court_n be_v to_o be_v furnish_v anew_o for_o the_o succeed_a governor_n in_o cingtu_fw-la the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n suchue_n famous_a for_o trade_n there_o live_v former_o a_o
be_v image_n cut_v out_o of_o one_o hard_a stone_n and_o make_v by_o the_o command_n of_o a_o king_n who_o live_v all_o his_o life_n here_o in_o solitariness_n near_o to_o vucheu_o upon_o the_o hill_n vangkiu_fw-mi stand_v a_o strange_a image_n in_o shape_n and_o proportion_n resemble_v a_o man_n but_o attend_v with_o this_o peculiarity_n that_o according_a to_o the_o several_a temper_n of_o the_o air_n it_o receive_v several_a colour_n by_o the_o change_n whereof_o the_o inhabitant_n know_v whether_o they_o shall_v have_v fair_a or_o foul_a wether_n the_o emperor_n xius_o employ_v five_o thousand_o man_n to_o dig_v a_o passage_n quite_o through_o the_o mountain_n fang_n for_o he_o have_v hear_v of_o the_o beforementioned_a deceitful_a mountain-gazer_n who_o promise_v to_o foretell_v every_o person_n destiny_n by_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o hill_n some_o of_o who_o have_v give_v out_o that_o they_o foresee_v by_o this_o hill_n shape_n that_o another_o emperor_n shall_v reign_v wherefore_o xius_o to_o frustrate_v his_o approach_a fate_n cause_v this_o hill_n to_o be_v cut_v through_o to_o alter_v its_o shape_n near_o to_o the_o city_n ce_v upon_o the_o mountain_n loyo_n stand_v the_o statue_n of_o a_o great_a lion_n out_o of_o who_o mouth_n gush_v water_n continual_o near_o to_o the_o city_n xeu_fw-fr in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v upon_o the_o hill_n cuke_v be_v find_v a_o great_a lump_n of_o gold_n which_o they_o say_v have_v the_o virtue_n of_o cure_v several_a disease_n the_o hill_n kieuquan_n be_v call_v the_o hill_n of_o seven_o palace_n because_o the_o son_n of_o king_n cyugan_n cause_v seven_o palace_n to_o be_v build_v upon_o it_o in_o which_o they_o reside_v and_o study_v several_a science_n the_o hill_n lin_n near_o to_o the_o city_n tauleu_n be_v very_o famous_a for_o the_o expert_a archery_n of_o one_o hevyus_fw-la who_o in_o this_o place_n shoot_v seven_o bird_n fly_v one_o after_o another_o near_o to_o the_o city_n ceu_fw-la be_v the_o mountain_n changp_v very_o much_o note_v for_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o great_a and_o admire_a philosopher_n confutius_n here_o also_o may_v be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o some_o city_n or_o town_n that_o former_o stand_v upon_o it_o near_o to_o the_o city_n kioheu_o lie_v the_o hill_n fang_n not_o a_o little_a frequent_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o tomb_n of_o the_o ancestor_n of_o confutius_n the_o hill_n kieuchin_n near_o to_o hanyang_n have_v its_o name_n from_o nine_o virgin_n that_o be_v sister_n and_o live_v thereon_o study_v chemistry_n near_o to_o the_o city_n cuckoe_n lie_v the_o mountain_n cuckoe_n where_o report_n say_v king_n ci_o bury_v much_o gold_n and_o afterward_o because_o he_o will_v not_o have_v it_o discover_v put_v to_o death_n all_o those_o that_o be_v employ_v in_o hide_v it_o but_o by_o chance_v a_o young_a son_n of_o one_o of_o the_o workman_n take_v notice_n of_o what_o his_o father_n be_v do_v and_o bear_v the_o same_o in_o mind_n when_o he_o come_v to_o year_n of_o discretion_n go_v and_o take_v it_o away_o with_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o father_n death_n felicitate_v his_o own_o life_n upon_o certain_a high_a hill_n of_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n where_o it_o border_n upon_o the_o province_n honan_n lie_v a_o kingdom_n call_v kiug_v absolute_a of_o itself_o and_o no_o way_n subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n be_v of_o china_n only_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o honour_n and_o the_o maintain_n of_o a_o good_a correspondence_n the_o king_n thereof_o receive_v from_o the_o chinese_n monarch_n his_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n these_o high-land_n people_n will_v in_o no_o wise_n suffer_v the_o chineses_n to_o come_v among_o they_o and_o very_o hardly_o to_o speak_v to_o they_o the_o people_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v the_o issue_n of_o they_o who_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n to_o avoid_v the_o outrage_n of_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o race_n of_o cheva_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o these_o high_a mountain_n for_o safety_n where_o ever_o since_o their_o posterity_n have_v continue_v possess_v innumerable_a brave_a vale_n and_o incomparable_a good_a land_n which_o be_v secure_v against_o the_o invasion_n or_o inroad_n of_o any_o enemy_n upon_o some_o of_o the_o mountain_n in_o china_n be_v great_a store_n of_o wild_a people_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrow_a and_o difficult_a passage_n to_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v bring_v under_o subjection_n to_o the_o emperor_n notwithstanding_o great_a endeavour_n have_v be_v use_v to_o effect_v the_o same_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o mine_n of_o all_o sort_n as_o metal_n stone_n etc._n etc._n within_o the_o spacious_a continent_n of_o this_o empire_n and_o chief_o upon_o the_o mountain_n be_v find_v many_o rich_a mine_n as_o well_o of_o silver_n and_o gold_n as_o other_o metal_n in_o great_a abundance_n yet_o to_o dig_v for_o gold_n or_o silver_n out_o of_o any_o of_o they_o be_v forbid_v although_o it_o remain_v free_a for_o any_o person_n to_o seek_v for_o gold_n upon_o the_o side_n and_o bank_n of_o river_n where_o the_o same_o be_v also_o find_v in_o great_a quantity_n with_o which_o all_o the_o country_n drive_v their_o trade_n by_o barter_v and_o exchange_v it_o away_o for_o other_o commodity_n upon_o the_o mountain_n yocheu_fw-la be_v dig_v up_o a_o green_a stone_n which_o be_v beat_v to_o powder_n afford_v the_o painter_n a_o most_o delicate_a vert._n there_o be_v also_o several_a excellent_a stone_n quarry_n among_o which_o some_o of_o marble_n whereof_o they_o make_v table_n and_o other_o curious_a ornament_n for_o their_o house_n it_o have_v such_o strange_a yet_o natural_a vein_n that_o by_o their_o concentr_n the_o shape_n of_o hill_n water_n tree_n flower_n be_v so_o admirable_o figure_v upon_o the_o same_o as_o if_o the_o most_o exquisite_a artist_n of_o the_o world_n have_v depict_v they_o with_o his_o pencil_n in_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n be_v find_v very_o clear_a white_a and_o red_a marble_n as_o also_o touchstone_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o stone_n which_o for_o colour_n and_o hardness_n be_v much_o value_v and_o upon_o the_o mountain_n xaitung_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la the_o jasper_n of_o several_a colour_n be_v find_v as_o also_o in_o xensi_fw-la upon_o the_o hill_n io_n be_v very_o clear_a stone_n which_o for_o their_o lustre_n and_o sparkle_a resemble_v diamond_n out_o of_o mount_n kiun_n be_v dig_v red_a marble_n in_o suchue_n on_o mount_n tiexe_n grow_v a_o stone_n which_o be_v burn_v in_o the_o fire_n yield_v iron_n very_o fit_a to_o make_v sword_n the_o hill_n cucay_n near_a chingtien_n bring_v forth_o tree_n and_o stone_n red_a of_o colour_n and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n all_o the_o product_n of_o the_o hill_n hoan_n which_o signify_v the_o yellow_a hill_n even_o to_o the_o earth_n and_o stone_n be_v of_o a_o gold_n colour_n there_o be_v several_a other_o hill_n which_o produce_v strange_a and_o precious_a stone_n as_o the_o hill_n xeyen_fw-mi so_o name_v because_o after_o rain_v there_o be_v find_v stone_n upon_o the_o same_o resemble_v swallow_n many_o other_o produce_v variety_n of_o stone_n hold_v in_o great_a esteem_n by_o reason_n of_o experiment_n which_o have_v be_v make_v of_o they_o in_o the_o cure_n of_o several_a disease_n as_o all_o sort_n of_o ague_n fever_n calenture_n etc._n etc._n and_o as_o in_o some_o place_n be_v such_o variety_n of_o rare_a and_o physical_a stone_n so_o in_o other_o be_v earth_n and_o medicinal_a drug_n namely_o in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n near_o to_o the_o city_n cincheu_o be_v dig_v up_o a_o certain_a yellow_a earth_n which_o be_v a_o powerful_a antidote_n against_o all_o manner_n of_o poison_n in_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o huquang_n there_o be_v several_a place_n where_o they_o gather_v great_a store_n of_o manna_n which_o the_o native_n take_v for_o freeze_a dew_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la upon_o the_o mountain_n tape_n they_o dig_v up_o a_o certain_a earth_n so_o red_a that_o they_o use_v it_o for_o vermilion_a to_o print_v their_o red_a seal_n whereas_o upon_o the_o mountain_n nieuxu_fw-la the_o earth_n be_v so_o white_a that_o it_o be_v use_v by_o the_o woman_n in_o stead_n of_o paint_n for_o be_v dissolve_v in_o water_n it_o strange_o embellish_v the_o face_n which_o be_v wash_v therewith_o here_o also_o they_o have_v mine_n of_o coal_n which_o be_v like_o those_o in_o europe_n there_o be_v also_o in_o divers_a place_n throughout_o the_o whole_a empire_n a_o certain_a sort_n of_o lime_n which_o they_o press_v from_o the_o bark_n of_o a_o tree_n be_v tough_a and_o stick_v like_o pitch_n of_o this_o which_o i_o suppose_v i_o may_v call_v a_o gum_n they_o make_v a_o certain_a sort_n of_o paint_n wherewith_o they_o colour_v all_o their_o ship_n house_n and_o householdstuff_n which_o make_v they_o to_o shine_v like_o glass_n and_o
province_n of_o huquang_n be_v catch_v many_o dainty_a lamprey_n in_o the_o river_n lofeu_n near_o to_o the_o city_n kiagan_n be_v the_o pool_n mie_n in_o which_o be_v breed_v a_o sort_n of_o fish_n as_o sweet_a as_o honey_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o the_o city_n canghoa_n lie_v the_o mountain_n cienk_v upon_o which_o be_v a_o pool_n famous_a for_o the_o yellow_a or_o goldfish_n that_o be_v in_o it_o it_o be_v but_o a_o small_a fish_n about_o a_o finger_n length_n with_o a_o fork_a tail_n but_o be_v in_o very_o great_a esteem_n at_o the_o choice_a table_n so_o that_o the_o grandee_n have_v they_o common_o in_o their_o fishpond_n for_o their_o pleasure_n and_o use._n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n namyang_n run_v the_o river_n tan_n wherein_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n but_o never_o else_o be_v take_v red_a fish_n before_o and_o after_o which_o time_n they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v in_o regard_n they_o hide_v themselves_o near_o to_o the_o island_n hainan_n be_v catch_v whale_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o hollander_n and_o english_a take_v they_o in_o the_o north_n about_o greenland_n whereof_o they_o make_v oil_n which_o serve_v for_o several_a use_n of_o these_o common_o some_o be_v a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o foot_n long_o the_o head_n whereof_o be_v reckon_v for_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o snout_n be_v two_o round_a holes_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o will_v take_v in_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n and_o spout_v it_o out_o again_o with_o a_o mighty_a force_n in_o stead_n of_o eye_n they_o have_v two_o thin_a skin_n which_o stick_v out_o and_o be_v three_o yard_n long_o and_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a broad_a and_o cover_v over_o with_o stuff_n like_a unto_o flock_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o head_n it_o have_v a_o ear_n which_o be_v much_o small_a without_o than_o within_o whereby_o they_o be_v very_o quick_a of_o hear_v it_o have_v a_o very_a large_a mouth_n with_o lip_n of_o so_o great_a a_o thickness_n that_o they_o have_v sometime_o five_o or_o six_o thousand_o weight_n of_o fat_a upon_o they_o the_o tongue_n which_o be_v about_o eighteen_o foot_n long_o and_o ten_o broad_a rest_v upon_o eight_o hundred_o small_a and_o great_a peg_n or_o tooth_n which_o be_v all_o cover_v with_o stuff_n like_o horsehair_n to_o preserve_v the_o tongue_n from_o be_v hurt_v as_o it_o lie_v upon_o they_o they_o feed_v upon_o fish_n and_o the_o froth_n and_o scum_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v once_o one_o take_v that_o have_v forty_o cod-fish_n in_o her_o belly_n the_o tail_n be_v at_o the_o end_n almost_o twenty_o eight_o foot_n broad_a and_o two_o thick_a the_o male_n have_v a_o pizzle_n about_o fourteen_o foot_n long_o they_o bring_v forth_o but_o one_o at_o a_o time_n and_o that_o in_o the_o harvest_n which_o stay_v by_o the_o female_a under_o the_o protection_n of_o her_o fin_n till_o it_o be_v grow_v of_o a_o large_a size_n it_o stand_v in_o great_a fear_n of_o the_o swordfish_n which_o be_v a_o mortal_a enemy_n unto_o it_o and_o who_o with_o its_o sharp_a see_v endeavour_n to_o rip_v open_a the_o tender_a belly_n of_o this_o prodigy_n of_o nature_n the_o manner_n of_o kill_v they_o have_v be_v sufficient_o describe_v by_o other_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v forbear_v to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o a_o relation_n thereof_o of_o creep_v creature_n near_a fungciang_n be_v find_v a_o sort_n of_o black_a snake_n who_o flesh_n be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o the_o composition_n of_o medicine_n that_o be_v prescribe_v as_o antidote_n against_o poison_n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n near_o the_o city_n hangang_n be_v snake_n with_o white_a speckled_a skin_n who_o flesh_n have_v for_o a_o convenient_a season_n be_v infuse_v in_o wine_n make_v the_o same_o a_o very_a sovereign_a remedy_n against_o lameness_n in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o snake_n which_o physical_o use_v be_v very_o good_a against_o the_o scurf_n and_o itch._n of_o vermine_n the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la be_v subject_a among_o many_o other_o inconvenience_n to_o this_o that_o it_o have_v more_o want_n of_o rain_n than_o the_o other_o northern_a part_n and_o this_o occasion_n every_o where_o such_o infinite_a swarm_n of_o grasshopper_n that_o they_o continual_o devour_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o field_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o care_n and_o and_o industrious_a diligence_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o prevent_v the_o same_o and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o there_o be_v very_o seldom_o any_o green_a grass_n to_o be_v see_v in_o that_o whole_a province_n but_o these_o very_a vermin_n supply_v the_o defect_n they_o cause_v by_o become_v good_a food_n insomuch_o that_o of_o these_o grasshopper_n the_o people_n make_v a_o delicate_a dish_n for_o their_o table_n the_o whole_a country_n of_o china_n have_v great_a number_n of_o silkworm_n but_o in_o no_o part_n be_v they_o in_o so_o great_a abundance_n as_o in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o spend_v the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o time_n in_o tend_v look_v after_o and_o take_v care_n to_o increase_v they_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n the_o tree_n and_o field_n hang_v sometime_o full_a of_o silk_n which_o be_v not_o spin_v by_o the_o forementioned_a silkworm_n but_o another_o sort_n and_o consist_v of_o long_a thread_n of_o white_a silk_n which_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o wind_n upon_o the_o tree_n and_o house_n be_v gather_v together_o of_o this_o sort_n they_o weave_v stuff_n but_o it_o be_v far_o courser_n then_o that_o which_o be_v weave_v of_o the_o former_a but_o this_o be_v recompense_v by_o its_o durableness_n for_o it_o be_v much_o strong_a in_o china_n be_v also_o find_v several_a strange_a creature_n which_o live_v as_o well_o upon_o the_o land_n as_o in_o the_o water_n namely_o in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n in_o the_o river_n of_o siang_n live_v a_o certain_a creature_n like_o a_o horse_n only_o in_o stead_n of_o hair_n it_o have_v scale_n upon_o the_o body_n and_o claw_n like_o a_o tiger_n it_o be_v of_o a_o very_a fierce_a and_o cruel_a nature_n and_o will_v fasten_v upon_o any_o thing_n when_o it_o come_v out_o of_o the_o water_n whether_o man_n or_o beast_n in_o quantung_n near_o the_o city_n hoeicheu_o be_v a_o creature_n which_o be_v neither_o fish_n nor_o fowl_n but_o between_o both_o for_o all_o the_o summer_n it_o be_v a_o bird_n of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n and_o therefore_o call_v hoangcioya_n and_o keep_v upon_o the_o mountain_n but_o in_o the_o winter_n it_o turn_v fish_n again_o and_o betake_v itself_o to_o the_o water_n the_o people_n eat_v of_o it_o with_o great_a delight_n and_o satisfaction_n near_o the_o city_n caocheu_o in_o the_o river_n co_n be_v abundance_n of_o very_a mischievous_a crocodile_n they_o be_v by_o the_o indian_n call_v caiman_n have_v a_o hide_n as_o hard_o as_o iron_n and_o only_o soft_a upon_o the_o belly_n this_o caiman_n have_v a_o broad_a forehead_n and_o a_o hog-like_a snout_n with_o a_o very_a wide_a mouth_n its_o tooth_n be_v large_a white_z and_o strong_a fix_v in_o both_o the_o jaw_n whereof_o only_o the_o uppermost_a move_v for_o the_o lowermost_a be_v fix_v and_o immovable_a it_o have_v no_o tongue_n but_o only_o a_o skiâ—_n that_o cleave_v to_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v much_o like_o a_o tongue_n it_o have_v large_a round_o black_a eye_n the_o leg_n be_v strong_a and_o the_o foot_n arm_v with_o sharp_a nail_n the_o tail_n be_v as_o long_o as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n it_o be_v say_v that_o he_o can_v live_v four_o month_n without_o eat_v but_o at_o last_o be_v hungry_a he_o howl_v or_o cry_v out_o like_o a_o man._n these_o serpent_n be_v very_o swift_a of_o foot_n but_o can_v so_o well_o wind_n and_o turn_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o stiff_a back-bone_n they_o be_v not_o only_o find_v here_o but_o in_o other_o part_n of_o india_n africa_n asia_n and_o america_n especial_o in_o the_o river_n nile_n in_o egypt_n they_o live_v upon_o fish_n or_o flesh_n and_o when_o they_o come_v ashore_o they_o prey_v upon_o cattle_n when_o they_o couple_v the_o male_a lay_v the_o female_a upon_o she_o back_o otherwise_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o shortness_n of_o his_o foot_n he_o can_v not_o copulate_v the_o female_a lay_n sixty_o egg_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o goose_n egg_n and_o be_v hatch_n of_o they_o sixty_o day_n there_o be_v no_o creature_n to_o be_v find_v that_o from_o so_o small_a a_o beginning_n grow_v to_o such_o a_o largeness_n for_o some_o be_v thirty_o foot_n long_o they_o be_v at_o enmity_n with_o the_o tiger_n serpent_n scorpion_n etc._n etc._n but_o at_o amity_n with_o hog_n which_o they_o
against_o he_o with_o so_o great_a a_o army_n and_o that_o himself_o be_v in_o no_o condition_n to_o oppose_v they_o relinquish_v the_o trust_n which_o he_o have_v thus_o long_o keep_v receive_v the_o new_a honour_n and_o acknowledge_v the_o tartar_n for_o lawful_a emperor_n of_o china_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v he_o who_o not_o long_o before_o for_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o chineses_n be_v send_v with_o a_o army_n to_o subdue_v the_o rebel_n now_o bring_v over_o to_o fight_v against_o his_o own_o countryman_n and_o with_o the_o tartar_n help_v conquer_v the_o empire_n and_o at_o last_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v quite_o vanquish_v the_o robber_n in_o xensi_fw-la in_o a_o pitch_a battle_n go_v and_o settle_v his_o court_n in_o the_o city_n of_o sigan_n and_o thus_o do_v the_o tartar_n prefer_v this_o lord_n to_o great_a honour_n and_o dignity_n who_o have_v so_o often_o fight_v against_o they_o with_o great_a success_n but_o trust_v he_o not_o with_o any_o military_a employment_n as_o well_o know_v what_o such_o a_o expert_a and_o valiant_a commander_n well_o guard_v with_o soldier_n who_o love_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n he_o will_v purchase_v be_v able_a to_o do_v in_o case_n fortune_n shall_v afterward_o become_v froward_a and_o begin_v to_o frown_v upon_o they_o what_o become_v of_o licungzus_n be_v not_o certain_o know_v for_o his_o force_n be_v most_o of_o they_o kill_v upon_o the_o place_n by_o usanguejus_n and_o therefore_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o fall_v into_o the_o slaughter_n among_o the_o rest_n for_o he_o never_o be_v hear_v of_o after_o that_o battle_n the_o other_o tartar_n who_o be_v send_v towards_o xantung_n and_o peking_n soon_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o they_o meet_v with_o little_a or_o no_o resistance_n but_o yet_o the_o great_a stop_n that_o be_v after_o put_v to_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o tartar_n be_v the_o law_n they_o publish_v whereby_o the_o chineses_n be_v command_v to_o wear_v their_o hair_n after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n this_o do_v very_o much_o alienate_v their_o affection_n from_o the_o tartar_n for_o they_o of_o china_n take_v great_a pride_n in_o their_o hair_n and_o therefore_o do_v fight_v more_o valiant_o to_o defend_v that_o than_o for_o the_o safety_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o emperor_n insomuch_o that_o thousand_o who_o perhaps_o otherwise_o will_v have_v submit_v peaceable_o choose_v rather_o to_o lose_v their_o head_n than_o their_o tress_n nevertheless_o the_o tartar_n be_v so_o successful_a in_o their_o war_n that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o twelve_o month_n they_o conquer_a four_z northern_a province_n viz._n peking_n xansi_fw-la xensi_fw-la and_o xantung_v but_o for_o the_o rest_n they_o use_v another_o mean_n which_o get_v they_o more_o than_o the_o sword_n and_o indeed_o be_v a_o good_a piece_n of_o policy_n for_o they_o make_v no_o manner_n of_o alteration_n in_o the_o government_n wheresoever_o they_o come_v but_o suffer_v the_o conduct_n and_o direction_n of_o all_o civil_a affair_n both_o in_o city_n and_o country_n to_o continue_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o chinese_n philosopher_n wherein_o it_o be_v settle_v before_o and_o this_o one_o thing_n bring_v the_o tartar_n into_o such_o favour_n and_o esteem_v with_o the_o chinese_n that_o they_o ready_o submit_v themselves_o to_o their_o command_n only_o herein_o consist_v all_o the_o mark_n of_o their_o vassalage_n that_o the_o conqueror_n reserve_v to_o themselves_o the_o sole_a management_n of_o all_o martial_a affair_n nevertheless_o such_o chinese_n commander_n as_o they_o have_v find_v faithful_a be_v still_o employ_v by_o they_o and_o even_o in_o the_o imperial_a city_n itself_o the_o same_o order_n as_o to_o the_o civil_a government_n be_v observe_v only_o one_o half_a of_o the_o judge_n be_v tartar_n and_o the_o other_o chineses_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o governor_n and_o commander_n of_o the_o southern_a province_n where_o the_o first_o disturbance_n of_o the_o robber_n begin_v have_v information_n of_o the_o strait_o the_o emperor_n be_v reduce_v to_o raise_v a_o great_a army_n and_o be_v already_o upon_o their_o march_n to_o his_o rescue_n but_o when_o they_o be_v certify_v of_o his_o death_n and_o the_o take_n of_o the_o city_n they_o immediate_o return_v with_o all_o their_o force_n and_o not_o long_o after_o understand_v that_o the_o tartar_n who_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o usanguejus_n be_v call_v in_o as_o aid_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o be_v become_v absolute_a master_n thereof_o the_o very_a thought_n of_o which_o much_o perplex_a their_o spirit_n and_o this_o spread_v likewise_o a_o great_a consternation_n among_o all_o the_o people_n even_o as_o far_o as_o nank_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o the_o same_o name_n so_o that_o they_o do_v not_o know_v what_o to_o advise_v or_o do_v but_o at_o last_o the_o general_n take_v courage_n and_o set_v up_o after_o a_o long_a serious_a consultation_n one_o of_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n be_v the_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o chinese_n crown_n as_o grandchild_n of_o the_o emperor_n vanlieus_n and_o cousin_n of_o the_o last_o emperor_n zungchinius_n who_o heretofore_o keep_v his_o court_n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n but_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o robber_n remove_v to_o nank_v where_o upon_o his_o arrival_n the_o inhabitant_n in_o great_a pomp_n and_o state_n set_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n and_o proclaim_v he_o emperor_n by_o the_o name_n of_o hunquang_n in_o hope_n to_o effect_v great_a matter_n by_o he_o in_o regard_n he_o be_v a_o valiant_a prince_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o seat_v in_o his_o throne_n but_o he_o send_v a_o ambassador_n to_o the_o tartar_n to_o demand_v a_o peace_n upon_o term_n of_o leave_v all_o the_o northern_a province_n to_o they_o which_o they_o have_v take_v but_o the_o tartar_n well_o understanding_n that_o the_o scope_n of_o this_o embassy_n be_v only_o intend_v to_o gain_v time_n till_o the_o chineses_n can_v recruit_v themselves_o with_o man_n and_o money_n reject_v his_o offer_n and_o return_v he_o answer_v that_o they_o will_v either_o have_v the_o whole_a country_n or_o no_o part_n of_o it_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n till_o they_o have_v accomplish_v what_o they_o have_v undertake_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n whilst_o the_o ambassador_n be_v upon_o his_o return_n home_o and_o that_o both_o party_n prepare_v for_o the_o war_n there_o appear_v in_o nank_v a_o youth_n who_o give_v himself_o out_o for_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n and_o endeavour_v to_o confirm_v it_o with_o some_o peculiar_a remark_n of_o truth_n and_o that_o which_o seem_v to_o make_v a_o great_a addition_n to_o the_o credit_n of_o this_o report_n be_v that_o several_a gelubden_n and_o other_o who_o have_v be_v conversant_a in_o the_o emperor_n court_n pretend_v to_o know_v he_o but_o hunquang_n who_o have_v taste_v the_o sweetness_n of_o government_n and_o in_o some_o measure_n settle_v himself_o in_o the_o throne_n refuse_v to_o own_o he_o for_o the_o lawful_a son_n of_o zungchinius_n but_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v apprehend_v as_o a_o impostor_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n and_o in_o this_o cruel_a resolution_n he_o persist_v notwithstanding_o that_o all_o the_o commander_n and_o governor_n oppose_v he_o and_o extreme_o hate_v and_o malign_v he_o for_o it_o for_o they_o give_v credit_n to_o the_o say_v of_o the_o youth_n this_o business_n occasion_v so_o much_o and_o so_o long_a trouble_n among_o the_o chinese_n that_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o interim_n take_v the_o opportunity_n to_o subject_v the_o province_n of_o nank_v wherein_o they_o find_v little_a or_o no_o opposition_n in_o regard_n the_o chinese_n commander_n be_v divide_v among_o themselves_o to_o that_o height_n of_o malice_n that_o some_o refuse_v to_o hinder_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o tartar_n on_o purpose_n to_o work_v a_o prejudice_n to_o the_o new_a emperor_n whereupon_o they_o come_v immediate_o to_o hoaigan_n the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o same_o province_n and_o without_o make_v any_o stop_n or_o delay_n they_o take_v in_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o yellow_a river_n and_o ferry_v over_o the_o same_o in_o boaâ—s_n though_o the_o other_o side_n thereof_o be_v well_o line_v with_o chinese_n soldier_n who_o no_o soon_o perceive_v the_o tartar_n in_o earnest_a to_o put_v themselves_o aboard_o for_o passage_n but_o they_o leave_v their_o station_n and_o flee_v like_o so_o many_o sheep_n pursue_v by_o wolf_n the_o tartar_n thus_o get_v over_o which_o may_v have_v be_v easy_o prevent_v if_o the_o guard_n appoint_v for_o defence_n of_o the_o bank_n have_v show_v but_o the_o least_o courage_n fall_v with_o their_o whole_a army_n into_o the_o say_a province_n and_o take_v and_o carry_v away_o
inhabit_v and_o in_o the_o eight_o part_n line_n 18._o he_o say_v that_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o gold_n be_v gather_v out_o of_o these_o mountain_n and_o divers_a sort_n of_o precious_a stone_n and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a monarch_n that_o rule_v over_o these_o country_n all_o which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n as_o marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n a_o eye-witness_n in_o his_o first_o book_n chap._n 64._o deliver_v in_o these_o word_n depart_v from_o the_o province_n of_o egriaia_n towards_o the_o east_n the_o way_n lead_v unto_o tenduc_n it_o be_v better_a to_o read_v it_o tanchut_v now_o tanchut_n be_v a_o kingdom_n of_o tartary_n which_o comprehend_v many_o other_o kingdom_n as_o the_o kingdom_n of_o lasa_n or_o that_o which_o the_o tartar_n call_v barantola_n the_o kingdom_n of_o nethel_n tibeth_n maranga_n and_o other_o as_o i_o shall_v show_v anon_o together_o with_o the_o desert_n kalmack_n which_o be_v bound_v by_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o chinese_n and_o most_o geographer_n confound_v this_o kingdom_n with_o cathay_n in_o which_o be_v many_o city_n and_o tent_n where_o also_o that_o great_a emperor_n term_v presbyter_n john_n so_o famous_a throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v wont_a to_o reside_v but_o now_o that_o province_n be_v tributary_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n have_v a_o king_n of_o the_o progeny_n of_o presbyter_n john_n and_o although_o there_o be_v many_o idolater_n and_o mahometan_n yet_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o province_n embrace_v the_o christian_a faith_n and_o these_o christian_n be_v the_o chief_a in_o this_o province_n especial_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a nation_n in_o the_o province_n call_v argon_fw-la which_o be_v more_o subtle_a and_o eloquent_a than_o the_o other_o people_n here_o be_v also_o the_o region_n of_o gog_n and_o magog_n which_o they_o term_v lugier_n and_o mongug_v in_o these_o place_n be_v find_v the_o stone_n lazuli_n that_o make_v the_o best_a azure_a in_o these_o 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that_o activity_n as_o in_o low_a place_n and_o a_o little_a after_o he_o say_v this_o region_n be_v call_v belor_n always_o have_v the_o face_n of_o winter_n stamp_v on_o it_o thus_o far_o marcus_n paulus_n all_o which_o agree_v unto_o that_o mountain_n which_o they_o call_v langur_n the_o high_a mountain_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o lasa_n concern_v which_o father_n john_n gruberus_n who_o travel_v through_o it_o on_o foot_n relate_v that_o you_o can_v travel_v through_o it_o in_o summer_n without_o danger_n both_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a subtlety_n of_o the_o air_n which_o hardly_o admit_v a_o passenger_n to_o breathe_v and_o also_o because_o of_o the_o vapour_n of_o a_o certain_a poisonous_a herb_n which_o by_o its_o scent_n kill_v both_o man_n and_o beast_n and_o about_o this_o kingdom_n of_o belor_n viz._n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o sacae_n the_o arabian_a geographer_n place_v the_o principal_a kingdom_n of_o presbyter_n john_n in_o cathay_n as_o the_o tractate_n write_v by_o rabbi_n abraham_n pizol_n do_v also_o clear_o demonstrate_v the_o nubian_n or_o arabic_a geographer_n call_v it_o begarge_a in_o which_o he_o say_v there_o be_v situate_a a_o very_a great_a city_n his_o word_n be_v these_o in_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o it_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o begarger_n the_o great_a city_n of_o which_o be_v call_v centaba_n fortify_v with_o twelve_o iron_n gate_n rabbi_n pizol_n with_o paulus_n venetus_n call_v it_o belor_n in_o which_o he_o say_v the_o kingdom_n of_o thebeth_n be_v late_o discover_v his_o word_n be_v as_o follow_v the_o kingdom_n of_o belor_n be_v very_o great_a and_o mighty_a according_a unto_o all_o historian_n that_o have_v write_v of_o it_o there_o be_v many_o jew_n inhabit_v in_o it_o principal_o in_o the_o eastern_a and_o northern_a quarter_n and_o there_o be_v moreover_o other_o eastern_a people_n not_o long_o since_o discover_v call_v by_o the_o native_n thebeth_n have_v a_o most_o splendid_a and_o magnificent_a city_n exceed_v all_o other_o in_o magnitude_n there_o be_v not_o the_o like_a under_o the_o canopy_n of_o heaven_n in_o which_o all_o good_a thing_n be_v find_v which_o indeed_o can_v be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o city_n chaparangue_n situate_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o thebeth_n concern_v the_o monument_n of_o which_o in_o relation_n unto_o our_o religion_n there_o leave_v by_o the_o christian_n father_n anthony_n andradas_n a_o portugese_n of_o the_o society_n of_o jesus_n relate_v wonder_n who_o when_o he_o have_v hear_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o be_v profess_v christian_n he_o take_v a_o voyage_n into_o the_o same_o from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mogor_n anno_fw-la 1624._o full_a of_o labour_n and_o difficulty_n in_o which_o also_o have_v discover_v the_o fountain_n or_o head_n of_o ganges_n and_o indus_n he_o observe_v many_o thing_n most_o worthy_a of_o consideration_n and_o admiration_n as_o i_o have_v it_o confirm_v by_o joseph_n a_o christian_a of_o the_o mogor_n country_n who_o at_o the_o time_n of_o this_o my_o writing_n with_o father_n henry_n roth_n moderator_n of_o the_o new_a convert_v christian_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mogor_n be_v yet_o at_o rome_n strong_a and_o lusty_a although_o eighty_o five_o year_n of_o age_n who_o relate_v unto_o i_o every_o particular_a there_o be_v in_o the_o most_o high_a mountain_n of_o thebeth_n that_o be_v perpetual_o cover_v with_o snow_n a_o great_a lake_n the_o receptacle_n of_o the_o great_a river_n of_o india_n from_o which_o indus_n ganges_n ravi_n athec_n derive_v their_o current_n hence_o the_o river_n ganges_n have_v its_o original_n fall_v down_o from_o the_o most_o high_a rock_n into_o a_o low_a valley_n indus_n and_o the_o other_o river_n make_v their_o outlet_n through_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o map_n now_o he_o affirm_v this_o kingdom_n to_o be_v one_o of_o those_o of_o great_a cathay_n that_o be_v contain_v both_o without_o and_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o chinese_n although_o the_o relation_n be_v not_o in_o every_o respect_n conformable_a unto_o that_o perform_v by_o benedict_n go_v of_o our_o society_n which_o he_o undertake_v by_o order_n of_o his_o superior_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v anon_o and_o in_o these_o vast_a region_n of_o cathay_n i_o find_v by_o the_o relation_n of_o paulus_n venetus_n that_o most_o potent_a emperor_n presbyter_n john_n to_o have_v have_v subject_a unto_o his_o dominion_n seventy_o two_o king_n partly_o christian_n and_o partly_o heathen_n although_o the_o similitude_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o those_o vast_a region_n and_o the_o name_n arise_v from_o the_o various_a revolution_n of_o those_o nation_n the_o tumult_n of_o war_n and_o the_o other_o change_n of_o affair_n together_o with_o the_o different_a denomination_n have_v cause_v such_o and_o so_o great_a a_o confusion_n that_o to_o this_o very_a day_n no_o person_n have_v be_v able_a to_o free_v himself_o out_o of_o this_o intricate_a labyrinth_n for_o some_o make_v he_o the_o same_o with_o the_o great_a cham_n other_o call_v he_o ascid_n by_o original_a a_o persian_a so_o almachin_n in_o the_o three_o book_n and_o four_o chapter_n of_o his_o history_n of_o the_o saracen_n every_o king_n say_v he_o of_o pharanga_n so_o they_o call_v the_o city_n of_o sogdiana_n be_v call_v ascid_n as_o the_o roman_a emperor_n be_v call_v caesar_n and_o the_o king_n of_o the_o persian_n cosrai_n and_o there_o be_v some_o that_o rather_o by_o a_o new_a name_n with_o the_o ethiopian_n more_o true_o than_o by_o the_o old_a term_v he_o juchanes_n belul_n that_o be_v to_o say_v precious_a john_n other_o by_o no_o improbable_a conjecture_n do_v assert_v that_o in_o honour_n of_o the_o prophet_n jonah_n who_o be_v high_o respect_v among_o they_o all_o that_o govern_v the_o empire_n be_v so_o denominate_v but_o yet_o in_o these_o western_a part_n of_o the_o latin_a
people_n do_v adore_v he_o with_o a_o perpetual_a veneration_n and_o they_o report_v that_o these_o ceremony_n and_o worship_n have_v their_o original_n from_o no_o other_o person_n than_o that_o prince_n which_o author_n usual_o term_v presbyter_n john_n who_o they_o be_v certain_o persuade_v to_o have_v rule_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tanchut_n which_o be_v now_o include_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o lassa_n for_o as_o former_o they_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n from_o all_o part_n of_o tartary_n unto_o he_o as_o unto_o a_o oracle_n so_o at_o this_o very_a time_n they_o cease_v not_o from_o all_o part_n to_o flock_n unto_o this_o ridiculous_a god_n and_o father_n the_o head_n of_o the_o lamae_n to_o obtain_v his_o benediction_n so_o that_o anno_fw-la 1629._o that_o great_a tartarian_a monarch_n of_o the_o chinese_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v subdue_v the_o empire_n of_o china_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n practise_v by_o his_o ancestor_n be_v solicit_v by_o 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will_v hardly_o give_v he_o any_o far_a entrance_n or_o admission_n than_o the_o garden_n of_o the_o palace_n of_o pequin_n and_o at_o length_n after_o the_o usual_a mode_n be_v present_v with_o divers_a present_n dismiss_v he_o unto_o his_o own_o kingdom_n whole_o neglect_v all_o those_o accustom_a ceremony_n that_o be_v usual_o perform_v and_o he_o that_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v confer_v great_a prosperity_n and_o happiness_n by_o his_o approach_n and_o benediction_n bring_v the_o contrary_a effect_n with_o he_o for_o that_o ridiculous_a archpriest_n after_o his_o departure_n incur_v the_o curse_n and_o malediction_n of_o all_o person_n as_o be_v the_o seem_a cause_n of_o famine_n pestilence_n and_o war._n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o purpose_n reside_v i_o say_v therefore_o that_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a this_o presbyter_n john_n reside_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tanchut_n for_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n rule_v far_o and_o wide_o in_o asia_n and_o worthy_o promote_a the_o christian_a faith_n those_o preacher_n of_o the_o word_n of_o god_n either_o be_v call_v or_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n out_o of_o zeal_n to_o advance_v the_o christian_a faith_n or_o which_o be_v more_o likely_a be_v compel_v by_o fear_n and_o fly_v from_o the_o aforesaid_a place_n in_o the_o time_n of_o that_o horrid_a persecution_n which_o begin_v under_o the_o empire_n of_o dioclesian_n and_o maximianus_n in_o which_o on_o the_o confine_n of_o syria_n egypt_n and_o the_o adjacent_a place_n of_o ethiopia_n the_o follower_n of_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n be_v every_o where_o inquire_v and_o seek_v after_o to_o be_v put_v to_o most_o cruel_a torment_n they_o sit_v down_o and_o plant_v themselves_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o persia_n bactria_n and_o turchestan_n and_o then_o it_o be_v altogether_o probable_a that_o by_o degree_n after_o long_a exilement_n arrive_v in_o the_o utmost_a region_n of_o asia_n and_o last_o anno_fw-la 600._o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o heraclius_n perfidious_a and_o debauch_a mahomet_n then_o rebel_a new_a colony_n be_v continual_o transplant_v into_o the_o aforesaid_a region_n of_o the_o east_n for_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o syrian_a or_o babylonian_a priest_n give_v place_n to_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o infidel_n cease_v not_o in_o succession_n of_o time_n to_o propagate_v the_o christian_a religion_n as_o the_o alleged_a syriack_n inscription_n do_v clear_o show_v where_o jidbuzad_a bishop_n of_o china_n be_v call_v the_o son_n of_o noah_n a_o certain_a priest_n of_o the_o city_n of_o balech_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o turchestan_n as_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o syriack_n word_n abovecited_a and_o here_o again_o repeat_v viz-anno_a 1902._o jidbuzad_a priest_n and_o vicar_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o regal_a city_n of_o cumdan_n son_n of_o noah_n a_o priest_n native_a of_o the_o city_n belech_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o turchestan_n now_o that_o turchestan_n be_v the_o same_o region_n which_o the_o persian_n call_v usbec_n the_o beginning_n of_o great_a cathay_n and_o the_o city_n belech_n seat_v in_o it_o be_v clear_a from_o the_o arabian_a geographer_n part_v 8._o climate_n 4._o line_n 34._o where_o treat_v concern_v the_o turchestians_n a_o peculiar_a province_n of_o the_o corafini_fw-la he_o place_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o city_n belech_n not_o far_o from_o samarcande_v the_o regal_a court_n of_o great_a tamburlaine_n former_o a_o most_o famous_a city_n his_o word_n be_v these_o as_o they_o be_v translate_v by_o i_o out_o of_o the_o arabic_a now_o this_o be_v the_o eight_o part_n of_o the_o four_o climate_n and_o contain_v a_o portion_n of_o the_o region_n of_o corasina_n from_o karman_n even_o to_o kasaralkamat_fw-la fifteen_o miles_n hence_o to_o samarcande_v six_o mile_n and_o it_o be_v the_o road_n of_o those_o that_o pass_v from_o samarcande_v unto_o the_o city_n of_o belech_n whence_o it_o be_v plain_o manifest_a that_o jidbuzad_a vicar_n of_o the_o bishop_n term_v a_o syrian_a by_o original_a or_o descent_n be_v of_o the_o country_n of_o turchestan_n or_o corasine_a and_o it_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o syro-chinesian_a inscription_n of_o the_o stone_n that_o many_o of_o the_o region_n of_o the_o pagode_n and_o other_o country_n of_o asia_n penetrate_v into_o china_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o gospel_n all_o which_o we_o leave_v far_a to_o be_v inquire_v after_o by_o the_o curious_a reader_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v concern_v the_o transplant_n of_o the_o colony_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o presbyter_n john_n and_o in_o china_n moreover_o those_o who_o suppose_v that_o most_o of_o these_o evangelical_n person_n first_o arrive_v in_o india_n out_o of_o syria_n egypt_n and_o ethiopia_n and_o have_v convert_v that_o country_n by_o their_o labour_n to_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n afterward_o send_v out_o some_o colony_n from_o among_o they_o into_o china_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o frequent_a commerce_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v maintain_v by_o a_o maritime_a voyage_n between_o the_o indian_n and_o chineses_n have_v much_o more_o of_o certainty_n than_o any_o other_o for_o their_o opinion_n and_o of_o this_o expedition_n i_o shall_v give_v a_o clear_a account_n in_o few_o word_n chap._n ii_o of_o cathay_n and_o its_o proper_a and_o genuine_a situation_n although_o in_o the_o precede_a discourse_n we_o have_v produce_v divers_a passage_n out_o of_o various_a author_n both_o latin_n grecian_n jew_n arabian_n and_o persian_n concern_v the_o situation_n of_o cathay_n yet_o here_o notwithstanding_o for_o the_o better_a elucidation_n and_o clear_n of_o the_o matter_n we_o shall_v declare_v by_o divers_a voyage_n and_o travel_n purposely_o allege_v for_o that_o end_n what_o at_o length_n this_o kingdom_n of_o cathay_n be_v and_o where_o situate_a it_o be_v not_o only_o evident_a by_o the_o diligent_a search_n of_o the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n 〈…〉_z that_o china_n be_v the_o great_a part_n of_o cathay_n but_o also_o it_o be_v most_o apparent_o prove_v out_o of_o marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n for_o he_o say_v that_o the_o most_o vast_a city_n of_o cambalu_n or_o as_o the_o true_a pronunciation_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v it_o cambalek_n be_v the_o regal_a seat_n of_o the_o great_a cham._n the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n say_v that_o it_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o modern_a imperial_a city_n of_o china_n which_o they_o call_v pequin_n or_o pekin_n and_o that_o the_o vastness_n of_o the_o wall_n make_v in_o a_o quadrangular_a order_n and_o the_o incredible_a bigness_n of_o the_o city_n do_v more_o than_o sufficient_o demonstrate_v the_o same_o now_o marcus_n paulus_n write_v that_o the_o city_n of_o cambalu_n situate_v near_o the_o great_a river_n be_v ancient_o very_o splendid_a and_o regal_a for_o cambalu_n signify_v the_o city_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o great_a cham_n remove_v this_o city_n to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n for_o he_o
same_o mistake_n by_o which_o he_o call_v tiger_n lion_n notwithstanding_o here_o be_v none_o to_o be_v find_v nor_o almost_o in_o all_o asia_n except_o you_o will_v have_v he_o to_o be_v understand_v not_o only_o to_o comprehend_v the_o bridge_n that_o be_v both_o within_o the_o city_n and_o without_o in_o the_o suburb_n but_o also_o those_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o then_o indeed_o their_o number_n which_o otherwise_o will_v hardly_o gain_v credit_n among_o we_o may_v easy_o be_v augment_v there_o be_v so_o vast_a a_o abundance_n of_o bridge_n and_o triumphal_a arch_n every_o where_o to_o be_v find_v for_o the_o great_a confirmation_n of_o this_o matter_n there_o be_v a_o lake_n of_o forty_o italian_a mile_n which_o they_o call_v sihu_n which_o although_o it_o be_v not_o within_o the_o wall_n yet_o it_o do_v encompass_v it_o for_o a_o large_a space_n from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o south_n and_o many_o channel_n be_v draw_v from_o it_o into_o the_o city_n moreover_o the_o 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hourglass_n and_o it_o be_v declare_v or_o inscribe_v on_o a_o tablet_n how_o many_o hour_n in_o large_a golden_a letter_n this_o be_v that_o city_n all_o who_o street_n be_v pave_v with_o square_a stone_n and_o this_o be_v situate_a in_o a_o moorish_a place_n and_o divide_v by_o many_o navigable_a channel_n last_o this_o be_v the_o city_n to_o omit_v other_o thing_n from_o which_o the_o emperor_n take_v his_o flight_n unto_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o great_a river_n cientang_n the_o breadth_n of_o which_o exceed_v a_o german_a mile_n and_o flow_v to_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o city_n so_o that_o here_o be_v the_o very_a same_o river_n which_o venetus_n ascribe_v unto_o quinsai_n whence_o it_o be_v disembogue_v into_o the_o sea_n towards_o the_o east_n from_o which_o this_o city_n be_v as_o far_o distant_a as_o venetus_n do_v affirm_v it_o i_o add_v that_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o city_n be_v above_o a_o hundred_o italian_a mile_n if_o you_o reckon_v in_o the_o large_a suburb_n which_o extend_v very_o far_o on_o every_o side_n whence_o you_o shall_v go_v over_o five_o hundred_o chinesian_a pace_n or_o stadiums_n by_o walk_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n or_o way_n from_o north_n to_o south_n through_o the_o most_o large_a and_o populous_a street_n in_o which_o you_o shall_v find_v no_o place_n destitute_a either_o of_o house_n or_o people_n you_o may_v perform_v the_o like_a journey_n almost_o from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o north._n see_v therefore_o that_o according_a unto_o the_o chinesian_a history_n the_o name_n the_o description_n the_o magnitude_n and_o all_o other_o passage_n do_v demonstrate_v this_o to_o be_v the_o city_n quinsai_n we_o ought_v no_o long_o to_o question_n or_o doubt_v of_o the_o same_o thus_o father_n martinius_n martinii_n in_o the_o place_n cite_v sect_n i._o the_o voyage_n of_o benedict_n go_v of_o the_o society_n of_o jesus_n into_o cathay_n or_o china_n take_v out_o of_o father_n nicholas_n trigautius_n i_o shall_v therefore_o now_o brief_o show_v whence_o proceed_v that_o so_o great_a confusion_n of_o opinion_n concern_v the_o proper_a situation_n of_o cathay_n now_o it_o be_v know_v both_o from_o the_o history_n of_o marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n haytho_n the_o armenian_a and_o also_o from_o the_o chronology_n of_o the_o chinese_n that_o the_o great_a cham_n emperor_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o some_o call_v cublai_n other_o ulcam_v or_o uncam_fw-la anno_fw-la 1256._o make_v a_o breach_n or_o irruption_n through_o the_o wall_n gain_v the_o whole_a empire_n of_o the_o chinese_n which_o then_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o empire_n whereof_o the_o one_o towards_o the_o north_n be_v call_v cathay_n the_o other_o towards_o the_o south_n mangi_n whence_o as_o the_o north_n part_n of_o china_n with_o the_o other_o region_n without_o the_o wall_n be_v otherwise_o vulgar_o call_v cathay_n so_o also_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o the_o chineses_n be_v now_o possess_v the_o whole_a be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o cathay_n by_o the_o tartar_n and_o the_o adjoin_a saracen_n the_o name_n of_o the_o other_o circumjacent_a region_n without_o the_o wall_n be_v utter_o extinguish_v so_o that_o from_o that_o very_a time_n that_o only_a empire_n of_o the_o chineses_n that_o extend_v so_o far_o include_v within_o the_o wall_n be_v call_v cathay_n by_o as_o many_o as_o traffic_v or_o merchandize_v thither_o from_o indostan_n usbec_n camul_n and_o other_o mediterranean_a region_n as_o it_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o voyage_n of_o our_o brother_n benedict_n go_v but_o because_o that_o be_v not_o only_o undertake_v and_o decree_v by_o the_o command_n and_o advice_n of_o the_o superior_n of_o our_o society_n cathay_n but_o also_o by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o viceroy_n of_o aria_n in_o india_n call_v saldagna_n yea_o also_o of_o the_o great_a acabar_n emperor_n of_o the_o mogor_n both_o to_o find_v out_o cathay_n and_o also_o to_o instruct_v in_o the_o christian_a religion_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o interjacent_a kingdom_n certain_o it_o be_v perform_v with_o all_o the_o diligence_n and_o care_n possible_a by_o benedict_n go_v a_o person_n of_o great_a prudence_n and_o understanding_n and_o also_o skilled_a in_o the_o persian_a language_n which_o he_o have_v excellent_o attain_v to_o by_o a_o long_a stay_n or_o continuance_n in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o mogor_n and_o where_o he_o be_v very_o familiar_a with_o the_o emperor_n acabar_n therefore_o he_o be_v sufficient_o furnish_v with_o supply_n convenient_a for_o so_o great_a a_o voyage_n from_o the_o viceroy_n of_o india_n and_o have_v also_o the_o diploma_n patent_n or_o pass_v take_v the_o habit_n of_o the_o armenian_n and_o change_v also_o his_o name_n benedict_n into_o abdulla_n which_o signify_v the_o servant_n of_o god_n and_o join_v with_o he_o a_o armenian_a name_v isaac_n as_o his_o inseparable_a companion_n in_o his_o voyage_n anno_fw-la 1603._o in_o the_o solemn_a lent_n fast_o depart_v from_o lahor_n the_o regal_a city_n of_o the_o mogor_n he_o travel_v towards_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cascar_n in_o the_o company_n of_o five_o hundred_o person_n which_o they_o call_v the_o caravan_n have_v with_o they_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o beast_n of_o carriage_n camel_n and_o wagon_n in_o a_o month_n he_o arrive_v at_o the_o city_n athec_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o mogor_n and_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o river_n indus_n at_o the_o end_n of_o two_o month_n more_o he_o come_v unto_o passaur_n where_o he_o be_v inform_v by_o a_o hermit_n that_o about_o two_o month_n journey_n far_o towards_o the_o north_n be_v the_o region_n caphurstan_n that_o be_v the_o land_n of_o infidel_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v treat_v anon_o that_o have_v many_o christian_n in_o it_o unto_o which_o notwithstanding_o be_v hinder_v by_o the_o caravan_n he_o can_v not_o travel_v hence_o in_o the_o course_n of_o twenty_o five_o day_n he_o come_v unto_o a_o city_n name_v ghideli_fw-la where_o he_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o thief_n depart_v thence_o in_o twenty_o day_n he_o come_v to_o the_o city_n cabul_n a_o city_n yet_o subject_a to_o the_o mogor_n from_o whence_o he_o go_v unto_o chianacar_n a_o city_n abound_v with_o iron_n and_o from_o thence_o in_o ten_o day_n he_o arrive_v at_o a_o place_n call_v parvan_n the_o last_o town_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mogor_n after_o five_o day_n respite_n he_o come_v in_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o day_n to_o a_o region_n name_v aâ—cheran_n have_v pass_v over_o exceed_v high_a mountain_n and_o in_o fifteen_o day_n more_o he_o arrive_v at_o the_o city_n calcia_n and_o there_o have_v spend_v ten_o day_n he_o come_v to_o a_o certain_a place_n call_v gialalabeth_n famous_a for_o the_o portage_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o brahmin_n after_o fifteen_o day_n more_o he_o come_v to_o talhan_n and_o hence_o proceed_v forward_o to_o chaman_n he_o incur_v the_o
from_o the_o weight_n or_o encumbrance_n of_o all_o extraneous_a concernment_n live_v in_o quiet_a and_o repose_v within_o the_o private_a apartment_n or_o withdrawing_n of_o his_o palace_n lama_n be_v adore_v like_o a_o deity_n and_o that_o not_o only_o by_o the_o native_n but_o of_o all_o the_o king_n that_o be_v subject_a unto_o the_o empire_n of_o tartary_n who_o undertake_v voluntary_a journey_n or_o pilgrimage_n unto_o he_o they_o adore_v he_o as_o the_o true_a and_o living_n god_n and_o call_v he_o the_o eternal_a and_o heavenly_a father_n offer_v a_o multitude_n of_o present_n and_o oblation_n to_o he_o he_o sit_v in_o a_o obscure_a chamber_n or_o room_n of_o his_o palace_n adorn_v with_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o render_v resplendent_a by_o the_o multiplicite_a lustre_n of_o flame_a lamp_n in_o a_o lofty_a place_n upon_o a_o couch_n which_o be_v cover_v with_o costly_a tapestry_n unto_o who_o stranger_n at_o their_o approach_n fall_v prostrate_a with_o their_o head_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o kiss_v he_o with_o incredible_a veneration_n which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o that_o which_o be_v perform_v unto_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n so_o that_o hence_o the_o fraud_n and_o deceit_n of_o the_o devil_n may_v easy_o and_o plain_o appear_v who_o by_o his_o innate_a malignity_n and_o hatred_n in_o way_n of_o abuse_n have_v transfer_v as_o he_o have_v do_v all_o the_o other_o mystery_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n the_o veneration_n which_o be_v due_a unto_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n the_o only_a vicar_n of_o christ_n on_o earth_n unto_o the_o superstitious_a worship_n of_o barbarous_a people_n the_o castle_n wherein_o the_o great_a lama_n inhabit_v be_v situate_a at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o city_n barantola_n and_o be_v call_v by_o they_o bietala_n a_o draught_n whereof_o be_v express_v in_o the_o sixteen_o figure_n xvii_o and_o xviii_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o necbal_n xix_o a_o northern_a tarstar_n this_o great_a lama_n be_v of_o so_o great_a authority_n throughout_o all_o tartary_n that_o there_o 〈◊〉_d no_o king_n crown_v in_o any_o place_n who_o do_v not_o first_o send_v his_o ambassador_n with_o inestimable_a present_n to_o crave_v his_o benediction_n as_o a_o happy_a omen_n of_o his_o entrance_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n see_v what_o i_o have_v say_v at_o large_a in_o the_o precede_a discourse_n concern_v the_o honour_n confer_v on_o he_o by_o the_o imperial_a monarch_n of_o tartary_n and_o china_n where_o also_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v that_o this_o whole_a superstitious_a worship_n of_o the_o great_a lama_n take_v its_o original_n from_o that_o famous_a presbyte_v john_n who_o have_v his_o residence_n in_o this_o kingdom_n of_o tanchut_n but_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o great_a lama_n they_o see_v also_o strange_a habit_v woman_n at_o barantola_n which_o come_v thither_o out_o of_o the_o adjacent_a kingdom_n of_o coin_n the_o noble_a woman_n braid_v or_o curl_v all_o theiâ—_n hair_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o hairlace_n or_o small_a band_n and_o wreath_n it_o behind_o they_o on_o their_o forehead_n they_o wear_v a_o red_a fillet_n beset_v with_o pearl_n on_o the_o top_n of_o their_o head_n they_o bear_v a_o silver_n crown_n interlace_v with_o turchoise_n and_o coral_n have_v leave_v the_o kingdom_n of_o lassa_n or_o barantola_n in_o a_o month_n voyage_n they_o come_v over_o the_o most_o high_a mountain_n langur_n langur_n which_o we_o have_v describe_v a_o little_a before_o unto_o the_o kingdom_n of_o necbal_n where_o they_o find_v nothing_o want_v 〈◊〉_d to_o humane_a sustenance_n nor_o can_v any_o good_a be_v wish_v they_o which_o they_o do_v not_o enjoy_v except_o the_o light_n of_o the_o gospel_n for_o they_o be_v all_o involve_a in_o 〈◊〉_d thick_a cloud_n of_o heathenish_a blindness_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n 〈◊〉_d cuthi_n and_o nesti_n it_o be_v a_o custom_n in_o this_o country_n that_o if_o you_o drink_v to_o a_o woman_n the_o other_o man_n or_o woman_n that_o be_v in_o the_o company_n pour_v in_o the_o liquor_n cha_fw-mi or_o 〈◊〉_d wine_n three_o time_n for_o they_o and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o drink_v affix_v three_o piece_n 〈◊〉_d butter_n to_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o pot_n or_o cup_n those_o that_o pledge_n or_o drink_v after_o they_o take_v they_o off_o again_o and_o stick_v they_o upon_o their_o forehead_n the_o king_n of_o necbal_n show_v himself_o extraordinary_a courteous_a to_o our_o father_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o present_a they_o bestow_v on_o he_o which_o be_v a_o perspective-glass_n and_o other_o very_a curious_a mathematical_a instrument_n with_o which_o he_o be_v so_o take_v that_o he_o whole_o determine_v with_o himself_o not_o to_o let_v they_o go_v which_o he_o have_v not_o do_v but_o that_o they_o make_v he_o a_o faithful_a promise_n to_o return_v thither_o again_o which_o if_o they_o perform_v he_o promise_v to_o erect_v a_o house_n for_o their_o use_n and_o exercise_n endow_v with_o most_o ample_a revenue_n and_o also_o to_o grant_v they_o a_o plenary_a power_n to_o introduce_v the_o christian_a law_n into_o his_o kingdom_n depart_v from_o necbal_n they_o come_v to_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o maranga_n which_o be_v enclose_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o thebet_n who_o metropolis_n be_v radoc_n the_o utmost_a bind_v of_o the_o voyage_n former_o undertake_v by_o father_n andradas_n where_o they_o find_v many_o mark_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n in_o time_n pass_v there_o plant_v from_o the_o name_n of_o dominick_n francis_n and_o anthony_n by_o which_o the_o man_n be_v call_v from_o hence_o they_o arrive_v at_o that_o first_o city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mogor_n so_o well_o know_v unto_o the_o world_n by_o the_o name_n of_o hedonda_n and_o thence_o they_o come_v to_o battana_n a_o city_n of_o bengala_n situate_v on_o ganges_n thence_o to_o benares_n a_o city_n famous_a for_o a_o academy_n of_o the_o brahmin_n and_o at_o last_o to_o agra_n the_o imperial_a city_n of_o the_o mogor_n where_o father_n albert_n dorville_n break_v with_o the_o labour_n of_o his_o travel_n and_o full_a or_o replenish_v with_o merit_n leave_v this_o terrestrial_a country_n depart_v as_o we_o pious_o believe_v unto_o the_o heavenly_a mansion_n in_o a_o middle_a way_n between_o europe_n and_o china_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o voyage_n attempt_v by_o father_n amatus_fw-la chesaud_n a_o frenchman_n superior_a of_o the_o residency_n of_o isphahan_n for_o the_o discovery_n of_o a_o easy_a and_o ready_a passage_n into_o china_n extract_v out_o of_o his_o letter_n write_v in_o the_o persian_a language_n and_o direct_v unto_o father_n athanasius_n kircher_n the_o letter_n be_v to_o this_o effect_n i_o write_v not_o this_o letter_n from_o hispahan_n chesaud_n but_o in_o the_o way_n be_v return_v from_o the_o city_n hairat_fw-la sfahanum_n from_o which_o city_n it_o be_v almost_o a_o year_n since_o i_o depart_v towards_o baich_n which_o be_v the_o regal_a city_n of_o usbeck_n that_o i_o may_v discover_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o possible_a way_n of_o pass_v through_o the_o foresay_a usbeck_n and_o turkestan_n into_o cathay_n and_o hence_o into_o china_n but_o indeed_o as_o i_o come_v hither_o with_o the_o ambassador_n of_o usbeck_n unto_o the_o bound_n of_o kezalbax_n i_o find_v that_o way_n both_o difficult_a and_o dangerous_a therefore_o i_o continue_v for_o some_o month_n at_o hairat_n which_o city_n be_v former_o call_v sciandria_n and_o there_o i_o narrow_o view_v the_o place_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v bachtra_n where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a university_n or_o academy_n build_v by_o the_o son_n of_o the_o famous_a tamerlang_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v destroy_v by_o degree_n and_o run_v to_o ruin_n for_o want_v of_o repair_n as_o also_o many_o other_o edifice_n which_o be_v former_o there_o build_v about_o the_o same_o time_n in_o which_o that_o city_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o usbequi_fw-la from_o this_o place_n at_o length_n i_o 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quantung_n call_v by_o the_o chinese_n teng_n by_o the_o portuguese_n the_o wheel_n you_o will_v believe_v it_o to_o be_v a_o rope_n wreathe_v by_o nature_n of_o a_o very_a great_a length_n creep_v along_o through_o the_o mountainous_a earth_n it_o be_v full_a of_o prickle_n and_o with_o oblong_a leave_n and_o often_o spread_v for_o the_o space_n of_o a_o furlong_n there_o be_v such_o plenty_n of_o it_o in_o the_o mountain_n that_o the_o long_a branch_n be_v entangle_v within_o one_o another_o make_v the_o way_n unpassable_a for_o the_o deer_n they_o make_v of_o it_o cable_n and_o tackle_n for_o ship_n and_o be_v wrought_v in_o fine_a thread_n it_o serve_v to_o make_v bee-hive_n cratche_n chair_n pillow_n bed_n and_o mattress_n for_o no_o vermin_n will_v harbour_v in_o it_o in_o the_o summer_n it_o great_o refresh_v person_n weary_v with_o heat_n there_o be_v such_o plenty_n of_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o this_o aqualin_n in_o the_o mountain_n of_o couchinchina_n call_v moi_fw-fr and_o in_o junnan_n and_o chiangsi_n province_n conterminate_a on_o couchinchina_n that_o it_o be_v free_a for_o all_o person_n to_o gather_v the_o same_o and_o sometime_o it_o be_v transport_v to_o a_o hundred-fold_n gain_n especial_o among_o the_o brahmin_n who_o make_v sacred_a pyles_n of_o it_o on_o the_o great_a day_n of_o solemnity_n in_o which_o woman_n consecrate_v themselves_o to_o the_o flame_n out_o of_o love_n to_o their_o decease_a husband_n or_o when_o the_o corpse_n of_o great_a deserve_a person_n be_v burn_v for_o they_o sottish_o believe_v their_o false_a god_n be_v wonderful_o delight_v with_o such_o kind_n of_o odour_n and_o be_v thereby_o render_v propitious_a unto_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o decease_a in_o their_o transmigration_n but_o the_o calambi_n be_v of_o a_o great_a price_n and_o reserve_v for_o the_o emperor_n it_o grow_v upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o be_v fetch_v thence_o by_o night_n with_o torch_n the_o better_a to_o evade_v the_o incursion_n of_o wild_a beast_n there_o reside_v in_o japan_n the_o nobleman_n make_v of_o it_o the_o turpentine_n although_o by_o the_o beneficiency_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o climate_n it_o be_v much_o improve_v in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n and_o xensi_fw-la and_o the_o city_n socieu_fw-fr near_o the_o chinesian_a wall_n be_v find_v in_o great_a abundance_n that_o so_o famous_a and_o physical_a drug_n rhubarb_n there_o be_v such_o variety_n of_o fruit-tree_n in_o china_n that_o they_o answer_v to_o all_o the_o product_n of_o that_o nature_n in_o every_o climate_n of_o the_o world_n whether_o in_o the_o torrid_a temperate_a or_o freeze_a zone_n but_o among_o they_o all_o she_o boast_v of_o one_o tree_n that_o bear_v no_o fruit_n as_o we_o may_v say_v and_o yet_o abound_v with_o delicious_a variety_n it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o chinese_n for_o its_o thorny_a and_o prickly_a leave_n po-lo-mie_a and_o in_o stead_n of_o bud_n and_o blossom_n it_o thrust_v forth_o excrescency_n of_o a_o prodigious_a size_n big_a than_o our_o large_a pumpion_n and_o not_o unlike_a some_o of_o they_o as_o much_o as_o a_o man_n can_v carry_v the_o rind_n be_v tough_a and_o bristly_a which_o open_v afford_v a_o storehouse_n of_o delicious_a variety_n enough_o to_o satisfy_v twenty_o person_n insomuch_o that_o the_o chineses_n call_v it_o a_o sack_n full_a of_o honey_n fruit_n the_o mean_a of_o which_o for_o taste_v as_o some_o report_n excel_v the_o choice_a of_o our_o melon_n like_o to_o this_o be_v the_o tree_n which_o the_o indian_n call_v papaya_n and_o the_o chinese_n fanyay-xu_a it_o bear_v a_o bunch_n of_o fruit_n no_o big_a than_o our_o melon_n of_o taste_n delicious_a the_o juice_n to_o be_v eat_v with_o a_o spoon_n and_o throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n it_o glory_v in_o green_a flower_n and_o ripe_a fruit._n there_o be_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a region_n especial_o in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o the_o city_n sungiang_n pinetree_n of_o such_o a_o wonderful_a bigness_n that_o eight_o man_n with_o their_o arm_n extend_v can_v fathom_v the_o circumference_n of_o one_o of_o they_o within_o who_o vast_a rind_n forty_o man_n may_v well_o stand_v also_o reed_n of_o so_o great_a bigness_n that_o the_o joint_n betwixt_o the_o internodes_n or_o knot_n will_v serve_v to_o hold_v liquor_n in_o stead_n of_o a_o kilderkin_n or_o barrel_n they_o have_v likewise_o in_o china_n a_o tree_n call_v kagin_v yield_v fruit_n twice_o a_o year_n which_o by_o inversion_n thrust_v forth_o the_o seed_n or_o kernel_n like_o wart_n or_o such_o excrescency_n on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o fruit_n and_o be_v in_o common_a to_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n who_o call_v it_o ananas_n but_o the_o chineses_n call_v it_o fam-polo-mie_a it_o grow_v in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n kiangsi_n and_o fokien_n and_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v first_o bring_v from_o peru_n the_o tree_n on_o which_o it_o grow_v be_v not_o a_o shrub_n but_o a_o herb_n much_o like_a to_o our_o carduus_fw-la but_o call_v by_o they_o catriofoli_n on_o who_o leaf_n a_o fruit_n grow_v stick_v unto_o its_o stalk_v of_o so_o pleasant_a and_o exquisite_a a_o taste_n that_o it_o may_v easy_o obtain_v the_o preeminence_n among_o the_o most_o noble_a fruit_n of_o india_n and_o china_n the_o spermatick_a faculty_n be_v innate_a in_o all_o the_o part_n thereof_o for_o not_o only_o the_o seed_n shed_v on_o the_o ground_n but_o it_o be_v sprouts_n and_o leaves_n be_v plant_v produce_v the_o like_a fruit_n concern_v which_o admirable_a product_n of_o nature_n see_v what_o i_o have_v discourse_v at_o large_a concern_v the_o seed_n of_o thing_n in_o the_o twelve_o book_n of_o my_o subterranean_a world_n the_o seed_n of_o such_o plant_n conduce_v much_o to_o prove_v that_o new_a philosophy_n of_o plant_n of_o which_o i_o have_v there_o lay_v the_o platform_n the_o most_o note_a fruit_n manga_n lici_fw-la and_o quei_z be_v every_o where_o describe_v but_o how_o manga_n be_v inoculate_v in_o the_o pomecitron_n be_v much_o different_a from_o the_o art_n of_o the_o european_n be_v perform_v without_o transfoliation_n or_o inoculation_n for_o they_o only_o bind_v a_o bough_n of_o the_o fruit_n manga_n to_o a_o bough_n of_o the_o pomecitron_n and_o daub_v it_o about_o with_o clay_n which_o be_v do_v they_o conjoin_v and_o so_o bring_v forth_o the_o most_o excellent_a fruit_n of_o both_o the_o author_n of_o atlas_n sinicus_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o tree_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n which_o produce_v a_o fruit_n that_o be_v fat_a whereof_o they_o make_v most_o excellent_a white_a candle_n which_o neither_o foul_a the_o hand_n nor_o make_v any_o ill_a scent_n be_v extinguish_v the_o tree_n be_v like_o our_o pear-tree_n when_o the_o fruit_n be_v ripe_a they_o break_v the_o bark_n macerate_v and_o steep_v it_o in_o hot_a water_n and_o when_o they_o have_v water_v the_o heat_a pulp_n they_o make_v it_o up_o into_o a_o lump_n which_o look_v like_o suet_n and_o from_o its_o nut_n they_o extract_v oil_n like_o our_o oil_n of_o olive_n very_o useful_a in_o winter_n the_o leave_n be_v stain_v with_o a_o copper-like_a redness_n which_o drop_v to_o the_o ground_n afford_v sheep_n and_o cow_n good_a food_n by_o which_o they_o become_v very_o fat_a chap._n vii_o of_o strange_a beast_n or_o animal_n in_o china_n there_o be_v in_o all_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n but_o especial_o in_o the_o province_n of_o junnan_n and_o quangsi_n great_a plenty_n of_o elephant_n tiger_n bear_n and_o other_o wild_a beast_n common_a to_o several_a part_n of_o the_o world_n but_o i_o shall_v treat_v only_o of_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v find_v no_o where_o else_o but_o in_o china_n in_o the_o western_a province_n of_o china_n viz._n xensi_fw-la and_o kiangsi_fw-la be_v the_o odoriferous_a stag_n or_o deer_n for_o so_o the_o chineses_n call_v the_o xechiam_fw-la be_v a_o animal_n which_o produce_v musk_n concern_v which_o thus_o the_o author_n of_o atlas_n sinicus_n that_o there_o may_v be_v no_o doubt_n say_v he_o what_o musk_n be_v i_o shall_v discover_v it_o have_v be_v more_o than_o once_o a_o ocular_a spectator_n of_o what_o i_o now_o relate_v there_o be_v a_o certain_a bunch_n or_o excrescency_n about_o the_o belly_n of_o the_o animal_n by_o the_o chineses_n call_v xe_v much_o like_o a_o purse_n consist_v of_o a_o thin_a skin_n cover_v with_o hair_n the_o odour_n or_o fragrancy_n thereof_o be_v call_v xehiang_n which_o signify_v musk_n it_o be_v a_o fourfooted_a beast_n not_o much_o unlike_o a_o deer_n the_o hair_n of_o it_o somewhat_o more_o black_a and_o altogether_o without_o horn_n the_o flesh_n of_o it_o when_o kill_v be_v eat_v by_o the_o chinese_n in_o this_o province_n and_o in_o suchuen_n and_o junnan_n and_o the_o place_n more_o near_o the_o west_n be_v find_v great_a plenty_n of_o musk._n those_o bunch_n or_o purse_n if_o
respect_n sina_n in_o their_o language_n signify_v a_o most_o brave_a and_o famous_a country_n other_o oppose_v will_v have_v this_o kingdom_n to_o derive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o city_n chincheu_o because_o these_o people_n drive_v only_o a_o constant_a trade_n by_o sea_n to_o most_o place_n of_o asia_n so_o that_o the_o portuguese_n and_o indian_n by_o leave_v out_o the_o same_o letter_n of_o the_o word_n chincheu_o may_v easy_o give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o china_n but_o those_o be_v in_o a_o very_a great_a error_n that_o will_v have_v the_o word_n china_n to_o be_v derive_v from_o a_o certain_a word_n cinch_n which_o by_o the_o chinese_n be_v very_o much_o use_v the_o falseness_n of_o this_o assertion_n will_v clear_o appear_v from_o hence_o in_o that_o the_o chinese_n who_o trade_n with_o the_o indian_n or_o portuguese_n to_o those_o place_n and_o go_v with_o their_o ship_n to_o india_n use_v on_o the_o score_n of_o civility_n and_o kind_a respect_n to_o greet_v each_o other_o in_o their_o mother_n tongue_n not_o with_o the_o name_n of_o cinch_n but_o siam_fw-it now_o that_o which_o appear_v to_o i_o to_o be_v a_o most_o probable_a truth_n among_o the_o various_a opinion_n of_o writer_n be_v that_o which_o the_o jesuit_n martinus_n martinii_n a_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o skill_n in_o the_o antiquity_n of_o china_n have_v assert_v in_o the_o six_o book_n of_o his_o history_n of_o china_n the_o word_n whereof_o be_v as_o follow_v i_o shall_v not_o say_v he_o let_v this_o pass_v unmentioned_a which_o seem_v to_o i_o most_o likely_a that_o not_o only_o by_o the_o indian_n but_o also_o by_o stranger_n the_o name_n china_n take_v rise_v and_o original_n from_o the_o generation_n family_n or_o branch_n of_o cina_n who_o govern_v in_o china_n in_o the_o 246._o year_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n so_o that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o call_v it_o china_n but_o rather_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sinen_n or_o cinen_n for_o in_o the_o time_n of_o those_o king_n which_o proceed_v from_o this_o branch_n the_o name_n of_o siner_n be_v first_o make_v know_v by_o stranger_n and_o especial_o by_o the_o indian_n by_o the_o indian_n the_o name_n of_o china_n afterward_o come_v into_o use_n and_o be_v follow_v by_o the_o portuguese_n after_o the_o conquest_n of_o india_n for_o this_o family_n of_o cina_n govern_v over_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o siner_n who_o live_v towards_o the_o west_n and_o continual_o have_v war_n with_o foreiner_n when_o afterward_o the_o court_n or_o seat_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v plant_v there_o receive_v the_o name_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n this_o family_n of_o cina_n be_v rise_v to_o the_o high_a pitch_n of_o all_o prosperity_n prove_v after_o a_o great_a invader_n of_o other_o territory_n insomuch_o that_o it_o seem_v no_o wonder_n that_o stranger_n and_o remote_a nation_n have_v the_o name_n of_o cina_n so_o frequent_a among_o they_o and_o though_o the_o sineses_n call_v this_o far_a part_n of_o asia_n or_o cina_n by_o several_a name_n according_a to_o the_o govern_v family_n that_o happen_v to_o change_v yet_o however_o foreiner_n do_v reserve_v the_o first_o name_n which_o they_o hear_v and_o this_o be_v my_o opinion_n concern_v the_o original_a of_o the_o name_n sina_n and_o according_a to_o this_o assertion_n the_o first_o letter_n of_o the_o word_n ought_v to_o be_v write_v not_o with_o a_o saint_n but_o with_o a_o c._n all_o china_n be_v former_o divide_v by_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n xunus_n into_o 12_o province_n china_n afterward_o the_o emperor_n yva_n who_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n after_o the_o death_n of_o xinus_fw-la about_o 260_o year_n before_o the_o incarnation_n of_o our_o saviour_n reduce_v all_o china_n into_o nine_o province_n which_o only_o at_o that_o time_n comprehend_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o china_n and_o have_v for_o their_o confine_n the_o river_n kiang_n but_o after_o that_o they_o have_v conquer_a the_o southern_a part_n by_o degree_n and_o somewhat_o civilise_v the_o inhabitant_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o china_n be_v divide_v into_o 15_o province_n among_o these_o also_o they_o reckon_v the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n which_o be_v situate_v on_o the_o west_n of_o peking_n where_o the_o great_a wall_n begin_v and_o the_o hanging-island_n of_o corea_n both_o which_o pay_v tribute_n to_o the_o emperor_n there_o be_v several_a other_o island_n beside_o which_o pay_v also_o tribute_n among_o which_o the_o island_n haman_n be_v the_o chief_a lie_v in_o the_o sea_n over_o against_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n among_o the_o island_n which_o be_v tributary_n to_o this_o kingdom_n be_v also_o account_v the_o island_n formosa_fw-la which_o the_o chineses_n call_v lieukieu_o and_o situate_v over_o against_o the_o province_n of_o foken_n and_o also_o the_o island_n cheuxan_n over_o against_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n a_o very_a famous_a place_n for_o trading_n but_o of_o this_o more_o at_o large_a hereafter_o six_o of_o the_o 15_o province_n verge_n upon_o the_o sea_n as_o peking_n xantung_n kiangnan_n or_o nank_v cheaiang_n foke_v and_o quantung_v from_o hence_o towards_o the_o north_n lie_v the_o midland_n country_n as_o quangsi_n kiangsi_fw-la huquang_n honan_n and_o xansi_fw-fr and_o towards_o the_o west_n the_o other_o four_o xensi_fw-la sucheu_fw-la queicheu_o and_o junnan_n last_o this_o empire_n which_o comprehend_v 15_o kingdom_n be_v also_o divide_v into_o the_o south_n and_o north-china_n south-china_n the_o tartar_n call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o mangin_n and_o north-china_n the_o kingdom_n of_o catay_n in_o the_o first_o be_v nine_o kingdom_n and_o in_o the_o last_o six_o or_o eight_o if_o you_o will_v reckon_v among_o they_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leaotung_n and_o the_o hanging-island_n of_o corea_n by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v it_o do_v clear_o appear_v how_o far_o those_o be_v mistake_v who_o write_v of_o another_o empire_n beyond_o china_n which_o they_o call_v catay_n as_o likewise_o of_o several_a town_n as_o quinsey_n cambalu_n and_o many_o other_o fiction_n whereas_o in_o truth_n beyond_o the_o great_a wall_n no_o other_o people_n live_v but_o tartar_n who_o have_v no_o fix_a abode_n but_o wander_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n in_o wagon_n and_o so_o travel_v from_o place_n to_o place_n as_o may_v be_v find_v at_o large_a in_o the_o write_n of_o those_o who_o have_v sufficient_o confute_v this_o great_a error_n and_o mistake_v as_o virgantius_fw-la and_o martinus_n martinii_n in_o his_o atlas_n of_o china_n among_o the_o rest_n the_o jesuit_n have_v likewise_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o beyond_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n no_o monarchy_n of_o catay_n be_v to_o be_v find_v insomuch_o that_o the_o same_o people_n who_o we_o call_v chineses_n be_v by_o the_o persian_n call_v cataians_n this_o same_o mistake_n have_v be_v likewise_o sufficient_o and_o learned_o confute_v with_o undeniable_a argument_n by_o the_o most_o learned_a jacob_n gool_n a_o person_n of_o extraordinary_a knowledge_n in_o all_o art_n of_o literature_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o oriental_a language_n and_o at_o present_a arabic_a professor_n in_o the_o university_n of_o leyden_n in_o his_o appendix_n to_o the_o atlas_n of_o china_n the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n be_v so_o enclose_v with_o several_a island_n and_o on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n with_o sea_n that_o it_o seem_v almost_o to_o be_v foursquare_a only_o two_o great_a mountain_n thrust_v themselves_o out_o towards_o the_o sea_n which_o in_o the_o chinese_n language_n be_v call_v tung_n the_o one_o lie_n by_o the_o town_n of_o ningpo_n from_o whence_o you_o may_v sail_v in_o 40_o hour_n to_o the_o island_n of_o japan_n the_o other_o great_a hill_n be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n near_o to_o the_o town_n of_o tengoheu_o china_n situate_v in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o asia_n situation_n border_n towards_o the_o east_n south_n and_o west_n upon_o the_o great_a indian_a sea_n and_o be_v call_v tung_n by_o the_o chinese_n which_o signify_v easterly_a and_o on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ninche_n and_o nicolhan_n by_o that_o famous_a wall_n which_o be_v make_v by_o those_o of_o china_n against_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o tartar_n high_a up_o towards_o the_o north_n it_o have_v for_o frontier_n the_o kingdom_n of_o taniju_n and_o a_o wilderness_n call_v samo_n which_o separate_v the_o north_n side_n of_o this_o china_n from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o samahan_n and_o cascar_n upon_o the_o other_o province_n situate_v towards_o the_o south_n join_v the_o kingdom_n of_o prester-iohn_n geo_n which_o by_o the_o chinese_n be_v call_v by_o one_o common_a name_n sifan_n as_o also_o tibet_n laos_n and_o mien_n likewise_o china_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o brangale_n and_o to_o some_o part_n of_o tartary_n and_o the_o mountain_n of_o damascus_n which_o
separate_v it_o from_o tartary_n and_o india_n the_o further_a extent_n of_o china_n take_v in_o the_o breadth_n begin_v in_o the_o south_n upon_o the_o island_n hainan_n extent_n which_o lie_v in_o 18_o degree_n northern_a latitude_n from_o thence_o it_o reach_v towards_o the_o north_n to_o 42_o degree_n insomuch_o that_o china_n in_o the_o breadth_n extend_v to_o 22_o degree_n mile_n that_o be_v 330_o dutch_a league_n it_o be_v length_n begin_v in_o the_o province_n of_o juunan_n at_o 120_o degree_n and_o end_n in_o the_o east_n at_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o town_n ningpo_n call_v by_o the_o portuguese_n nampo_n at_o 132_o degree_n mile_n so_o that_o this_o part_n consist_v of_o 450_o league_n in_o longitude_n china_n be_v not_o a_o little_a secure_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o adjacent_a kingdom_n and_o the_o natural_a and_o strong_a fort_n whereby_o this_o king_n realm_n stand_v so_o entire_o protect_v against_o all_o violence_n from_o without_o that_o the_o like_a be_v hardly_o to_o be_v see_v elsewhere_o neither_o be_v there_o any_o avenue_n find_v lead_v to_o this_o monarchy_n insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v so_o well_o provide_v and_o guard_v that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o world_n within_o itself_o and_o separate_v from_o all_o the_o rest_n as_o well_o towards_o the_o south_n as_o east_n and_o where_o the_o sea_n border_n it_o have_v so_o many_o island_n bank_n flat_n and_o blind_a rock_n that_o it_o be_v altogether_o unsafe_a to_o approach_v china_n on_o the_o side_n with_o any_o great_a ship_n of_o man_n of_o war._n on_o the_o west_n and_o somewhat_o towards_o the_o south_n lie_v the_o wood_n and_o hill_n of_o tamessus_fw-la which_o be_v so_o thick_a and_o high_a that_o it_o be_v altogether_o unpenetrable_a on_o that_o side_n and_o which_o separate_a china_n from_o the_o next_o border_v asia_n and_o the_o lesser_a neighbour_a kingdom_n all_o which_o add_v to_o the_o defence_n and_o protection_n of_o this_o empire_n towards_o the_o north_n and_o west_n it_o be_v also_o sufficient_o secure_v against_o all_o invasion_n by_o the_o sandy_a and_o dry_a flat_n of_o samo_n which_o endanger_v all_o vessel_n that_o attempt_v any_o land_n in_o those_o part_n last_o this_o kingdom_n have_v towards_o the_o north_n a_o great_a wall_n which_o the_o family_n and_o branch_n of_o cina_n build_v against_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o tartar_n 215_o year_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n but_o in_o what_o condition_n this_o wall_n be_v at_o present_a and_o how_o far_o it_o extend_v we_o shall_v treat_v at_o large_a in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n in_o respect_v the_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o fifteen_o kingdom_n of_o this_o china_n belong_v at_o present_a to_o a_o monarch_n the_o great_a cham_n of_o tartary_n i_o shall_v give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o the_o number_n of_o all_o the_o great_a and_o little_a city_n situate_v in_o all_o these_o dominion_n first_o of_o all_o they_o sum_v up_o in_o this_o whole_a empire_n 145_o capital_a city_n which_o outshine_v the_o rest_n both_o in_o greatness_n and_o glory_n under_o the_o command_n of_o this_o emperor_n be_v 1331_o small_a city_n among_o which_o 148_o may_v be_v compare_v in_o magnificence_n beauty_n and_o people_n with_o the_o chief_a city_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v 32_o great_a city_n more_o which_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o any_o other_o yet_o they_o must_v not_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o capital_a though_o they_o command_v over_o 36_o small_a city_n beside_o all_o these_o there_o be_v 3_o city_n more_o for_o the_o officer_n and_o commander_n of_o the_o militia_n to_o dwell_v in_o the_o fort_n and_o castle_n be_v 159._o beside_o which_o 17_o great_a garrison_n city_n and_o 66_o small_a garrison_n town_n which_o be_v never_o without_o full_a company_n and_o of_o soldier_n who_o be_v permit_v to_o inhabit_v promiscuous_o among_o the_o burgher_n there_o be_v no_o distinguish_v by_o the_o greatness_n and_o largeness_n of_o the_o city_n the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o for_o some_o of_o the_o small_a one_o exceed_v some_o other_o of_o the_o great_a and_o prime_a city_n both_o in_o largeness_n wealth_n and_o people_n but_o according_a to_o the_o worth_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o place_n she_o bear_v the_o precedency_n and_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o chief_a city_n no_o place_n must_v presume_v to_o take_v up_o the_o name_n of_o a_o city_n but_o what_o be_v wall_v in_o for_o every_o inferior_a town_n or_o situation_n subject_n to_o the_o next_o adjacent_a capital_a city_n most_o of_o the_o city_n in_o china_n be_v build_v after_o one_o fashion_n and_o form_n common_o foursquare_a with_o broad_a and_o high_a wall_n adorn_v with_o quadruple_a tower_n place_v at_o a_o equal_a distance_n round_o about_o which_o run_v a_o deep_a moat_n and_o that_o also_o be_v surround_v with_o a_o mud_n or_o earthen_a wall_n each_o city_n have_v a_o double_a gate_n and_o two_o double_a door_n whereof_o the_o first_o stand_v direct_o over_o against_o the_o second_o that_o there_o be_v no_o see_v through_o the_o last_o though_o you_o stand_v in_o the_o first_o betwixt_o these_o two_o gate_n open_v most_o common_o a_o large_a court_n where_o they_o discipline_n their_o militia_n upon_o the_o gate_n be_v likewise_o build_v great_a watch-tower_n where_o the_o soldier_n keep_v night-sentinel_n most_o of_o the_o city_n have_v great_a suburb_n belong_v to_o they_o which_o be_v as_o full_a of_o people_n as_o within_o the_o wall_n without_o the_o battlement_n each_o metropolis_n have_v a_o delightful_a plain_n curious_o adorn_v with_o tower_n tree_n and_o other_o embellishment_n most_o pleasant_a to_o the_o eye_n the_o country_n every_o where_o swarm_n with_o people_n so_o that_o wheresoever_o you_o travel_v you_o shall_v meet_v continual_o with_o crowd_n of_o man_n woman_n and_o child_n as_o now_o these_o 15_o kingdom_n seem_v not_o only_o to_o exceed_v all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n for_o the_o number_n of_o most_o rare_a edifice_n and_o rich_a city_n so_o they_o be_v likewise_o no_o less_o abound_v in_o people_n for_o the_o most_o populous_a country_n of_o all_o europe_n stand_v not_o in_o competition_n with_o this_o those_o that_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o look_v into_o the_o chinese_n pole_n or_o register-book_n wherein_o be_v exact_o set_v down_o the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n of_o each_o province_n except_o those_o of_o the_o royal_a family_n will_v find_v that_o it_o amount_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 58_o million_o 9_o hundred_o and_o 40_o thousand_o 2_o hundred_o and_o 84_o person_n neither_o need_v you_o wonder_v which_o way_n this_o can_v be_v make_v out_o for_o every_o master_n of_o a_o family_n be_v oblige_v upon_o a_o great_a penalty_n to_o hang_v out_o a_o little_a board_n over_o his_o door_n upon_o which_o he_o must_v set_v down_o the_o number_n of_o his_o household_n and_o their_o condition_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o prevent_v all_o fraud_n one_o be_v appoint_v over_o every_o ten_o house_n who_o they_o call_v titang_n which_o signify_v the_o tenth-man_n or_o tyther_o his_o office_n consist_v in_o take_v a_o account_n of_o the_o number_n of_o the_o person_n upon_o the_o board_n and_o if_o the_o master_n of_o the_o family_n fail_v to_o make_v that_o know_v true_o he_o be_v to_o acquaint_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n with_o the_o abuse_n have_v speak_v thus_o much_o of_o the_o situation_n division_n and_o extent_n of_o china_n i_o shall_v add_v in_o short_a what_o these_o fifteen_o province_n pay_v annual_o in_o tax_n one_o with_o another_o as_o also_o how_o many_o capital_a great_a little_a and_o garrison_n city_n be_v in_o each_o of_o the_o ten_o and_o last_o what_o each_o province_n division_n or_o shire_n disburse_v yearly_o in_o tax_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n no_o man_n possess_v a_o foot_n of_o land_n in_o all_o this_o empire_n without_o pay_v to_o the_o emperor_n something_o out_o of_o it_o so_o that_o we_o need_v not_o wonder_n that_o over_o and_o above_o the_o common_a expense_n which_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o petty_a king_n vice-roys_n and_o military_a officer_n there_o be_v more_o than_o threescore_o million_o of_o crown_n bring_v yearly_a into_o the_o emperor_n coffer_n the_o whole_a sum_n amount_v to_o 150_o million_o of_o crown_n whereof_o he_o can_v dispose_v as_o he_o please_v but_o the_o money_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o treasury_n and_o if_o the_o king_n at_o any_o time_n desire_v a_o supply_n in_o write_v to_o the_o treasurer_n he_o be_v not_o to_o deny_v the_o payment_n of_o it_o the_o province_n bring_v in_o yearly_a in_o tax_n 32_o million_o 2_o hundred_o 7_o thousand_o 4_o hundred_o and_o 47_o bag_n of_o rice_n and_o one_o bag_n be_v enough_o to_o serve_v 100_o man_n for_o one_o day_n 40_o hundred_o 9_o thousand_o
9_o hundred_o 49_o pound_n of_o raw_a silk_n 71_o hundred_o 2_o thousand_o 4_o hundred_o and_o 36_o rowls_n of_o cloth_n make_v of_o hemp_n 36_o thousand_o 7_o hundred_o and_o 70_o bales_n of_o cotton_n 1_o hundred_o 91_o thousand_o 7_o hundred_o and_o 30_o rowls_n of_o wrought_a silk_n but_o the_o city_n of_o hucheu_fw-la buy_v off_o this_o tax_n yearly_a for_o the_o sum_n of_o 500_o thousand_o crown_n the_o province_n bring_v in_o likewise_o 1_o million_o 7_o hundred_o 94_o thousand_o 2_o hundred_o and_o 61_o weight_n of_o salt_n tax_n each_o weight_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v at_o 1_o hundred_o 24_o pound_n amount_v in_o all_o to_o 1_o hundred_o 87_o million_o 6_o hundred_o 88_o thousand_o 3_o hundred_o 64_o pound_n 32_o million_o 4_o hundred_o 18_o thousand_o 6_o hundred_o 27_o truss_n of_o hay_n and_o straw_n for_o the_o king_n stable_n beside_o all_o other_o tax_n the_o other_o ten_o province_n of_o china_n i_o do_v not_o see_v in_o my_o journey_n yet_o however_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o the_o tax_n which_o the_o great_a and_o lesser_a city_n thereof_o pay_v yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n their_o name_n be_v these_o zansi_fw-la the_o second_o province_n of_o the_o fifteen_o xensi_fw-la the_o three_o honan_n the_o five_o sucheu_o the_o six_o huquang_n the_o seven_o chekiang_n the_o ten_o fokien_n the_o eleven_o quangsi_n the_o thirteen_o quicheu_o the_o fourteen_o and_o immam_fw-la the_o fifteen_o the_o second_o kingdom_n of_o zansi_fw-la this_o province_n lie_v westward_o of_o peking_n zansi_fw-la and_o be_v neither_o so_o large_a nor_o populous_a but_o more_o fruitful_a and_o of_o more_o antiquity_n because_o if_o credit_n may_v be_v give_v to_o the_o historian_n of_o china_n the_o chinese_n derive_v from_o hence_o their_o first_o rise_n and_o original_a on_o the_o north_n this_o province_n have_v for_o confine_n the_o great_a wall_n which_o reach_v from_o east_n to_o west_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n behind_o which_o lie_v the_o kingdom_n of_o tamyn_n and_o the_o sandy_a wilderness_n of_o samo_n the_o west_n side_n of_o this_o province_n lie_v upon_o the_o yellow_a river_n which_o run_v from_o north_n to_o south_n and_o be_v separate_v by_o the_o same_o from_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la this_o province_n produce_v the_o sweet_a and_o fair_a grape_n of_o all_o asia_n but_o the_o chineses_n make_v no_o wine_n of_o they_o but_o only_o dry_v they_o and_o so_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o market_n through_o all_o china_n in_o this_o country_n of_o zansi_fw-la which_o be_v very_o remarkable_a and_o worthy_a of_o observation_n be_v through_o the_o whole_a country_n great_a store_n of_o fire-well_n even_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o water-well_n be_v in_o europe_n which_o they_o use_v for_o the_o dress_n of_o meat_n after_o this_o manner_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o well_o be_v stop_v very_o close_o and_o only_o a_o place_n leave_v open_a to_o set_v the_o pot_n upon_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o pot_n boil_v without_o any_o trouble_n this_o province_n likewise_o produce_v good_a store_n of_o coal_n which_o they_o dig_v out_o of_o the_o hill_n as_o in_o england_n and_o at_o luyk_n in_o the_o netherlands_o which_o serve_v the_o inhabitant_n for_o fuel_n who_o likewise_o use_v stove_n in_o their_o house_n make_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o those_o in_o holland_n in_o this_o country_n of_o zansi_fw-fr be_v 5_o capital_a city_n 92_o small_a city_n and_o several_a fort_n the_o 5_o capital_a city_n be_v taiyven_v pingiaen_n taitung_n lugan_n and_o fuencheu_fw-la 1._o taiyven_v command_v over_o 20_o city_n taiyven_v tayven_v jucu_n taco_n ki_n sinkin_n congyven_v ciaoch_v venxui_fw-la lope_v i_o tingsiang_n tai_n utai_n kiechi_n cofan_n fan_n hang_v paote_n and_o hiang_n 2._o pingiaen_n command_v over_o 31_o city_n as_o pingyaen_n siangling_fw-mi hungtung_n feuxan_n chaoch_v taip_a yoiang_n jech_v kioiao_n fuensi_fw-la pu_o lincin_n yungho_n yxi_n vancve_v hocin_n kiai_n ganye_n hia_n venhi_fw-la pinglo_n juiching_a kiang_n yuenkio_n ho_o kie_fw-mi hiangn_v cie_n taning_n xeleu_n and_o yangho_n among_o these_o pu_o kiai_n ho_o kie_fw-mi and_o cie_n be_v the_o chief_a 3._o taiâ—ung_a command_n over_o 11_o city_n taitung_n hoaigien_n hoenyven_v ing_n xanin_n so_o maye_n guei_n quangling_fw-mi quangchang_n and_o lingkieu_o whereof_o ing_n so_o and_o guei_n be_v the_o chief_a 4._o lugan_n command_v over_o eight_o city_n lugan_n caeneu_fw-fr timlieu_n siangheng_n luch_v hâ—quan_n liching_a and_o pingxun_v 5._o fuencheu_o command_n likewise_o over_o eight_o city_n fuencheu_o hiaoy_n pingiao_n kiakieu_o ningâ—iang_n lingxa_n inugn_v and_o lin._n beside_o these_o great_a city_n there_o be_v three_o other_o corporation_n in_o this_o city_n as_o sin_n laao_n and_o ca._n these_o town_n be_v not_o much_o inferior_a to_o the_o city_n and_o so_o esteem_v by_o the_o chinese_n but_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o prefer_v to_o that_o dignity_n of_o the_o city_n though_o they_o have_v a_o command_n over_o some_o lesser_a to_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o way_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o great_a wall_n there_o be_v 14_o strong_a fort_n in_o this_o country_n which_o be_v surround_v with_o strong_a wall_n their_o name_n be_v these_o gueiguen_o jeuguei_fw-la coguei_fw-la maye_n vanglin_n janghon_n caoxon_n tiench_v chinlu_n cuigyven_v pinglin_n chungtun_n geutung_n and_o tungx_v the_o pole_n or_o register-book_n of_o this_o province_n reckon_v five_o hundred_o eighty_o nine_o thoâ—sand_o nine_o hundred_o fifty_o nine_o family_n and_o five_o hundred_o eighty_o four_o thousand_o fifteen_o fight_a men._n that_o which_o this_o country_n pay_v in_o tax_n yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n consist_v of_o twenty_o two_o hundred_o seventy_o four_o thousand_o and_o twenty_o two_o bag_n of_o rice_n fifty_o pound_n of_o fine_a linen_n four_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o silk-stuffs_a four_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o weight_n of_o salt_n and_o thirty_o five_o hundred_o forty_o four_o thousand_o eight_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o bundle_n of_o hay_n beside_o several_a other_o tax_n the_o three_o kingdom_n of_o xensi_fw-la among_o the_o northern_a dominion_n be_v this_o xensi_fw-la xensi_fw-la which_o be_v very_o great_a chief_o situate_v towards_o the_o west_n in_o 30_o degree_n and_o border_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o prester-iohn_n asia_n casker_n and_o tibet_n which_o be_v call_v by_o one_o name_n in_o the_o chinese_n tongue_n sifan_n westward_o the_o border_n extend_v beyond_o the_o tartar_n kingdom_n of_o taniju_n betwixt_o which_o and_o this_o country_n the_o great_a wall_n and_o some_o fort_n make_v a_o separation_n which_o do_v not_o run_v through_o all_o this_o country_n but_o only_o to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o yellow_a river_n the_o remain_a part_n of_o this_o country_n situate_v on_o the_o other_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n have_v no_o wall_n for_o its_o defence_n but_o dry_a and_o barren_a sandfield_n and_o the_o yellow_a river_n and_o sufficient_a fortification_n eastward_o this_o xensi_fw-la be_v likewise_o bound_v with_o this_o yellow_a river_n which_o run_v through_o the_o country_n southward_o lie_v very_o high_a mountain_n which_o be_v as_o strong_a bulwark_n and_o separate_v this_o province_n from_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n sucheu_o and_o huquang_n want_v of_o rain_n make_v this_o country_n very_o dry_a but_o yet_o it_o produce_v great_a store_n of_o wheat_n barley_n and_o turkish_a corn_n but_o very_o little_a rice_n the_o beast_n feed_v all_o winter_n upon_o corn._n it_o abound_v with_o sheep_n and_o goat_n which_o they_o shear_v three_o time_n ayear_n in_o the_o spring_n in_o summer_n and_o in_o harvest_n and_o of_o the_o wool_n they_o make_v themselves_o clothes_n in_o this_o country_n they_o make_v great_a store_n of_o musk_n which_o grow_v in_o the_o navel_n of_o a_o beast_n not_o much_o unlike_a to_o a_o young_a hind_n the_o flesh_n whereof_o the_o chineses_n eat_v as_o other_o meat_n when_o this_o deer_n go_v to_o rut_v the_o cod_n swell_v like_o a_o boil_v that_o be_v full_a of_o matter_n which_o exuperation_n consist_v of_o a_o thin_a hairy_a purse_n be_v then_o take_v out_o with_o all_o its_o precious_a stuff_n by_o the_o native_n true_a it_o be_v that_o all_o the_o purse_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o we_o be_v not_o the_o right_a and_o pure_a navel_n for_o the_o cunning_a chineses_n know_v very_o well_o when_o they_o empty_v the_o purse_n how_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o same_o again_o with_o counterfeit_a musk._n there_o be_v likewise_o gold_n find_v in_o this_o country_n which_o be_v not_o fetch_v from_o the_o mine_n for_o those_o the_o emperor_n will_v not_o suffer_v to_o be_v open_v there_o be_v both_o gold_n and_o silver_n mine_n but_o from_o the_o side_n of_o river_n and_o shallow_a water_n in_o this_o country_n be_v eight_o capital_a city_n a_o hundred_o and_o seven_o small_a city_n beside_o castle_n and_o fort_n the_o eight_o capital_a city_n be_v these_o
sigan_n fungciang_n hangchung_a pingleang_v cunchang_n linijao_n kingyang_n and_o jengan_n 1._o sigan_n command_v over_o 36_o city_n sigam_n hienyang_n hingp_v linchang_n kingijang_v caolong_v hu_o lantien_n livo_o xang_n chingan_n tung_n chaoye_n hoyang_n cheng_n pexuy_n hanching_n hoa_o hoyan_n gueinan_n puch_v conan_n hoxanijang_v xangnan_n yao_n sanyven_v tungquoa_o fupe_v kien_n fungcve_v vucung_n jungxeu_o fuen_n xunhoa_o xanxuy_n changvu_o 2._o fungciang_n command_v over_o eight_o city_n fungciang_n kixan_n paoki_n fufung_a muy_fw-es linieu_fw-fr lung_n and_o pingijang_v 3._o hanchung_a command_n over_o 15_o town_n hanchung_a paoch_a chingu_n yang_n sihiang_n fungmien_n niengkiang_n lioyang_n hinggan_n pingli_fw-la xecve_v sinijang_fw-mi haniju_fw-fr peho_o and_o cuijang_v 4._o pingleang_fw-mi command_v over_o ten_o city_n pingleang_v cungsin_n hoat_a chinyven_v kuyven_v knig_n lingtai_n choangleang_fw-mi limgte_n and_o congn_v 5._o cung_n change_n command_v over_o seventeen_o city_n chungchang_n gant_v hoein_v tunguei_n change_v ningyven_v fokiang_n siho_n ching_n cin_n cingan_n cingxui_n li_n kiai_n venus_n hoei_n leangtang_n 6._o linijao_n command_v over_o five_o city_n linijao_n gueoyven_v lan_n kin_n ho._n 7._o kingyang_n command_v over_o five_o town_n kingyang_n hoxi_n hoan_n ning_n and_o chuine_v 8._o jengan_n command_v over_o 19_o city_n jengan_n gansai_n cancve_v gant_v paogan_n yâ—huen_n jenchuen_fw-ge jenchang_n cingkien_n fen_n cochuen_n chungpu_n ykiun_n suit_n miche_n kia_n upao_n xinmo_n and_o fuco_fw-la beside_o these_o great_a and_o small_a city_n in_o this_o province_n there_o be_v likewise_o several_a magazine_n which_o lie_v scatter_v up_o and_o down_o some_o within_o the_o great_a wall_n and_o some_o without_o the_o chief_a of_o these_o fort_n be_v these_o eight_o xacheu_o xancheu_o jungchang_n leangcheu_o choanglang_n sin_v chiny_z culang_n these_z following_z 14_o be_v small_a one_o hingnia_n ningniachung_a yaocheu_o nincheu_o hocheu_o cinglu_fw-la yulin_n chinfan_n xetu_n hantung_n pinglu_n mingxa_fw-la guei_fw-la and_o sengqui_n the_o chinese_n register_n reckon_v the_o number_n of_o family_n in_o this_o province_n to_o be_v no_o less_o than_o eight_o hundred_o thirty_o one_o thousand_o fifty_o one_o and_o thirty_o nine_o hundred_o thirty_o four_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o seventy_o six_o fight_a men._n the_o tax_n which_o this_o country_n pay_v be_v nineteen_o hundred_o twenty_o nine_o thousand_o and_o fifty_o seven_o bag_n of_o wheat_n three_o hundred_o sixty_o and_o five_o thousand_o weight_n of_o fine_a linen_n nine_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o and_o eighteen_o pound_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o wrought_a silk_n seventeen_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o pound_n of_o cotton_n eight_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o pound_n of_o calico_n beside_o fifteen_o hundred_o and_o fourteen_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o forty_o nine_o truss_n of_o hay_n for_o the_o king_n stable_n the_o five_o province_n of_o honan_n the_o province_n of_o honan_n lie_v east_n and_o southeast_n with_o nank_v honan_n north_n and_o north-east_n with_o peking_n and_o some_o part_n of_o xantung_n and_o south_n south-west_n with_o hucang_n but_o westward_o it_o border_n upon_o the_o province_n of_o sucheu_o and_o with_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o xensi_fw-la in_o this_o five_o province_n we_o find_v eight_o great_a city_n a_o hundred_o small_a city_n beside_o fort_n and_o castle_n the_o eight_o great_a city_n be_v caifung_a queite_n shangte_n gueiheoi_fw-fr hoaik_v honan_n nanijang_v and_o june_v 1._o caifung_a bear_v the_o command_n over_o 30_o city_n caifung_a chinlieu_n ki_n tunghiu_o taik_v gueixi_n gueichuen_n jenlin_n fuken_n chungman_n jangvu_o juenvu_o fungkieu_o jencin_n laniang_n chin_n xangaxui_n sihoa_o hiangch_v jench_a chaggio_fw-mi in_o sinch_v mie_n sh_v jungiang_n jungee_n hoin_n suxi_fw-la isung_a 2._o queite_fw-mi govern_v over_o nine_o city_n queite_n ningling_n loye_v hiaye_v jungehing_n ciu_o juch_v hiahch_a and_o xech_v 3._o changte_n command_v over_o seven_o city_n changte_n tanchin_n linchang_n lin_n cuckoe_n vugan_n and_o xe._n 4._o gueihoei_n command_v over_o six_o city_n gueihoei_n coch_v sinchiang_n hoekia_n ki_n and_o hoei_n 5._o hoaikue_v command_v over_o six_o city_n hoaikue_v ciyven_v sievun_n vuche_fw-fr meng_n ven._n 6._o honan_n command'_v over_o 14_o city_n hovan_n jensu_fw-la cung_n mengciu_n yyang_n tenfung_a tungpe_n nanchao_n tengo_n nuihiahg_n sinije_fw-fr chechun_n thou_o vuxang_v and_o you_o 7._o kingyang_n command_v over_o five_o town_n kingyang_n hoxi_n hoan_n ning_n and_o chuine_v 8._o june_v command_v over_o 14_o city_n june_v hanchai_n sipnig_n sincai_n siup_v chinijang_v sinigang_n loxan_n kioxan_n quango_n quangxan_n cuxi_n sceva_n and_o xangch_v the_o great_a city_n in_o which_o though_o not_o prefer_v by_o the_o chinese_n to_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o capital_a city_n yet_o however_o command_v over_o five_o small_a city_n as_o in_o luxan_n kia_n paofung_a and_o yyang_n the_o yearly_a revenue_n according_a to_o the_o toll-book_n of_o the_o emperor_n which_o this_o country_n bring_v in_o amoâ—nts_v to_o five_o hundred_o eighty_o nine_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o and_o ninety_o six_o family_n and_o fifty_o one_o hundred_o six_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o fight_a men._n the_o income_n of_o the_o revenue_n amount_v yearly_a to_o twenty_o four_o hundred_o fourteen_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o seven_o bag_n of_o rice_n twenty_o three_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o and_o nine_o pound_n of_o unwrought_a linen_n nine_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o fifty_o nine_o pound_n of_o several_a sort_n of_o silk_n three_o hundred_o forty_o one_o pound_n of_o cotton_n which_o be_v very_o scarce_o in_o this_o county_n and_o last_o twenty_o two_o hundred_o fourscore_o and_o eight_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o forty_o four_o truss_n of_o hay_n for_o the_o king_n stable_n the_o six_o kingdom_n of_o sucheu_fw-la this_o territory_n of_o sucheu_fw-la be_v very_o large_a and_o fruitful_a sucheu_fw-la which_o eastward_o border_v upon_o huquang_n southward_o upon_o queicheu_o north-east_n and_o by_o north_n upon_o xensi_fw-la north-west_n upon_o prester-iohn_n country_n westward_o upon_o tiâ—et_n and_o southward_o upon_o the_o province_n of_o junnan_n in_o this_o whole_a province_n be_v eight_o chief_a city_n a_o hundred_o twenty_o four_o great_a and_o little_a city_n four_o garrison_n city_n beside_o several_a other_o town_n and_o place_n the_o eight_o capital_a city_n be_v chingtu_n paon_v xungn_v siucheu_o chunk_v queicheu_o lunggan_n and_o mahu_n 1._o chingtu_fw-la command_v over_o 30_o little_a city_n chingtu_fw-la xaanglieu_n veukiang_n sinfan_n sinlu_n kintang_n ginxeu_o chingp_v pi_n cu_z nuikiang_n quou_a peug_n cuugn_v begin_v kien_n cuyang_n cungk_v sincin_n han_n xefan_n miencho_n teyang_n mien_n changn_v lokiang_n mieu_o vencheven_o guei_n and_o pao_n 2._o pagn_v command_v over_o 10_o city_n pagn_v cangki_n nanpu_n quangyven_v pa_n chaoboa_n tungkiang_n kien_n cutung_n and_o mankiang_n 3._o xunk_v have_v under_o its_o command_n 9_o city_n xunk_v such_fw-mi jungxan_n ylnug_n quanggan_n kin_n tacho_fw-it gochi_n and_o linxui_fw-la 4._o siucheu_o command_n likewise_o over_o 10_o city_n siucheu_o kingfu_n fuxun_n nanki_n hiuguen_n changn_v junlien_n cung_n cao_n and_o lukehang_v 5._o chungk_v command_v over_o 18_o city_n chungk_v kiangein_o changxeu_o taco_n juncheven_fw-mi kikiang_n nancheven_n kiukiang_n ho_o tungleang_v tingguen_n piexan_n chung_n fungtu_n tienkiang_n fen_n fulung_n and_o pinxui_fw-la 6._o queicheu_o command_v over_o 13_o city_n queicheu_o coxan_n tachang_n tame_v junyang_n vaughan_n caiazzo_n tai_n sin_v leangxan_n kieuzi_n tunchiang_n and_o taip_v 7._o lunggan_n command_v over_o three_o city_n lunggan_n kiangyeu_o and_o xecve_v and_o also_o over_o several_a fort_n 8._o mahu_n be_v alone_o without_o have_v any_o city_n under_o its_o command_n the_o great_a city_n be_v six_o tungcheven_o muicheu_o kiate_a kiung_a lincheu_o and_o yacheu_fw-la though_o these_o six_o great_a city_n may_v very_o well_o deserve_v the_o name_n and_o dignity_n of_o capital_a city_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o largeness_n and_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o enjoy_v that_o dignity_n because_o this_o province_n be_v to_o have_v no_o more_o capital_a city_n than_o peking_n and_o nank_v the_o first_o great_a city_n tungcheven_v command_v over_o 8_o other_o city_n the_o second_o muicheu_o over_o four_o the_o three_o kiate_v over_o seven_o the_o four_o kiung_a over_o three_o the_o five_o liucheu_o over_o four_o and_o the_o six_o yacheu_o command_n likewise_o over_o four_o the_o four_o chief_a garrison_n city_n be_v tinchnen_a uniung_a usa_fw-la and_o chinhiung_a beside_o which_o there_o be_v 35_o small_a garrison_n city_n and_o fort_n this_o province_n produce_v much_o silk_n and_o other_o rich_a commodity_n it_o be_v very_o large_a and_o fruitful_a have_v the_o great_a river_n of_o kiang_n run_v quite_o through_o it_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v mountainous_a but_o want_v neither_o for_o tree_n nor_o valley_n from_o hence_o only_o come_v the_o right_a radix-china_n or_o chinaroot_n for_o that_o which_o
grow_v in_o other_o place_n of_o china_n be_v wild_a and_o good_a for_o nothing_o from_o hence_o come_v likewise_o that_o incomparable_a root_n call_v rhubarb_n which_o the_o people_n of_o tibet_n and_o mogar_n who_o drive_v the_o trade_n in_o this_o province_n send_v from_o thence_o into_o europe_n here_o be_v likewise_o find_v two_o sort_n of_o amber_n stone_n namely_o the_o red_a and_o yellow_a which_o last_o be_v find_v also_o upon_o other_o coast_n the_o people_n here_o be_v very_o cunning_a in_o counterfeit_v of_o amber_n which_o they_o do_v with_o so_o much_o skill_n that_o they_o sell_v it_o sometime_o for_o the_o right_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o discern_v it_o be_v not_o much_o inferior_a unto_o it_o either_o in_o sight_n or_o goodness_n iron_n tin_n and_o lead_v be_v likewise_o fetch_v from_o the_o mountain_n in_o great_a quantity_n among_o which_o the_o wonder_n be_v be_v great_a store_n of_o salt-pit_n that_o produce_v so_o much_o salt_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n know_v not_o how_o to_o spend_v one_o three_o part_n of_o it_o the_o toll-book_n wherein_o the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v set_v down_o mention_n no_o less_o than_o 4_o hundred_o 64_o thousand_o 1_o hundred_o 29_o family_n and_o 22_o hundred_o 4_o thousand_o 1_o hundred_o and_o 70_o fight_a man_n without_o reckon_v the_o soldier_n who_o be_v very_o numerous_a in_o the_o country_n that_o which_o this_o province_n pay_v in_o tax_n to_o the_o emperor_n yearly_a consist_v of_o 61_o hundred_o 6_o thousand_o 660_o bag_n of_o rice_n 6_o thousand_o 3_o hundred_o and_o 39_o pound_n of_o wrought_v and_o unwrought_a silk_n 74_o thousand_o 8_o hundred_o and_o 51_o pound_n of_o cotton_n 1_o hundred_o 49_o thousand_o 1_o hundred_o 77_o weight_n of_o salt_n beside_o other_o tax_n pay_v to_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o province_n the_o seven_o kingdom_n of_o hucang_n the_o province_n of_o hucang_a border_n towards_o the_o north_n upon_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n hucang_n north-west_n upon_o xensi_fw-la westward_o upon_o sucheu_o towards_o the_o south_n upon_o quangsi_n south-west_n upon_o queicheu_fw-la eastward_o upon_o kiangsi_n and_o southeast_n upon_o quantung_n in_o this_o province_n be_v 15_o brave_a metropolis_n above_o a_o hundred_o small_a city_n and_o a_o world_n of_o village_n and_o cottage_n beside_o the_o garrison_n town_n and_o fort_n the_o 15_o chief_a city_n be_v these_o vuchang_n hanijang_v syangyang_n tegan_n hoangcheu_o kingcheu_o yocheu_o changxa_fw-la paok_v hengcheu_o changte_fw-la xincheu_o jungcheu_o chingtien_n chinchiang_n 1._o vuchang_n command_v over_o 10_o city_n whang_v vuchang_n kiayn_n puki_n hienning_n cungyang_n tungch_v hingque_n taye_n and_o tungxan_n 2._o hanijang_fw-mi command_v over_o two_o city_n hanijang_v and_o hanchuen_n 3._o siangyang_n command_v over_o seven_o city_n siangyang_n iching_a nanchang_n caoyang_n coch_v quanghoa_o and_o kiun_n 4._o tegan_n command_v over_o six_o city_n tegan_n jommung_a hiaocan_n ingch_v svi_fw-la and_o ingxan_n 5._o hoangcheu_o command_v over_o nine_o city_n hoangcheu_o lotien_n mach_n hoangpi_n hoanggan_n kixut_o ki_n hoangmui_fw-la and_o hoangâ—i_n 6._o kingcheu_o command_v over_o 13_o city_n kingcheu_o cunggan_n xexeu_o kienli_fw-la sungki_n chikiang_n il_v changyang_n itu_fw-la juengan_n quei_z hingxan_n patung_n 7._o yocheu_o command_v over_o eight_o city_n yocheu_o linsiang_n hoayung_a pingkiang_n fung_n xemuen_n culi_fw-la and_o ganhiang_n 8._o changxa_n command_v over_o 11_o city_n chanxa_n siangtan_n siangin_n ninghiang_n and_o lievyang_n lil_v jeyang_n sianghiang_n xeu_o ganhoa_o and_o chaling_n 9_o paok_v command_v over_o five_o city_n paok_v sinhoa_n chingpu_n vuchang_n and_o sin_v 10._o hengcheu_o command_v over_o nine_o city_n hengcheu_o hengxan_n luiyang_n changn_v gangin_n ling_n queiyang_n linnu_fw-fr and_o langxan_n 11._o changte_n command_v over_o four_o city_n changte_n taoyven_v lungyang_n and_o juenkiang_n 12._o xincheu_o command_v over_o seven_o city_n xincheu_o luki_n xinki_n xopu_n juen_v kivyang_n and_o mayang_n 13._o jungcheu_o command_v over_o seven_o city_n jungcheu_o kiyang_n tan_n tunggan_n ningyven_v jungn_v and_o kianghoa_n 14._o chingtien_n command_v over_o seven_o city_n chingtien_n kingxan_n cienkiang_n mienyang_n kingling_n kingmuen_n and_o tangyang_n 15._o chinchiang_n command_v over_o seven_o city_n cinchiang_n fang_n choxan_n xancin_n choki_n chingsi_n and_o paokang_v there_o be_v also_o in_o this_o province_n two_o great_a city_n cingcheu_o and_o chincheu_fw-la the_o first_o command_v over_o four_o small_a city_n cingcheu_o hoeitung_n tungtao_n suine_v the_o second_o over_o six_o chincheu_o jungh_v ychang_n hingn_v queiyang_n and_o queitung_n the_o garrison_n city_n be_v eleven_o in_o number_n xi_o jungxun_n paoce_n nanguei_n xiyung_a xangki_n lankiang_n sanpin_v jungt_v tienkia_n jungmui_fw-la the_o chinese_n register_n of_o toll-book_n reckon_v in_o this_o country_n five_o hundred_o thirty_o one_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o six_o family_n and_o forty_o eight_o hundred_o thirty_o three_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o and_o ninety_o fight_a man_n beside_o all_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o royal_a blood_n which_o amount_v to_o at_o least_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o in_o all_o china_n these_o be_v all_o the_o offspring_n of_o one_o hunguvus_n the_o first_o founder_n of_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n who_o long_o after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o tartar_n conquer_v the_o kingdom_n and_o settle_a himself_o in_o the_o throne_n but_o this_o family_n of_o taiminga_n have_v the_o misfortune_n not_o many_o year_n since_o to_o be_v whole_o extirpate_v by_o the_o tartar_n as_o will_v appear_v hereafter_o the_o product_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o province_n which_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o emperor_n yearly_a consist_v in_o one_o and_o twenty_o hundred_o sixty_o seven_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o nine_o bag_n of_o rice_n and_o seventeen_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o seven_o rowls_n of_o wrought_a silk_n the_o ten_o province_n of_o chekiang_n this_o province_n lie_v eastward_o towards_o the_o sea_n chekiang_n south_n and_o south-west_n it_o border_n upon_o the_o province_n of_o foke_v but_o the_o rest_n join_v to_o the_o province_n of_o kiansi_fw-la and_o nank_n in_o this_o province_n be_v eleven_o prime_a city_n all_o of_o they_o not_o much_o inferior_a to_o some_o province_n for_o the_o metropolis_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la be_v fit_a to_o make_v to_o make_v a_o kingdom_n of_o the_o eleven_o chief_a city_n command_v over_o sixty_o three_o small_a city_n which_o have_v likewise_o abundance_n of_o town_n and_o castle_n under_o their_o command_n beside_o the_o village_n which_o be_v all_o full_a of_o people_n the_o eleven_o chief_a city_n be_v these_o hangcheu_o kiahing_n hucheu_o niencheu_o kinhoa_o kincheu_o chucheu_o xaohing_n ningpo_n taicheu_fw-la and_o vencheu_fw-la 1._o hangcheu_o command_v over_o eight_o city_n hangcheu_o hain_v fuyang_n juhang_fw-mi lingan_n yucieu_o sinching_n changhoa_n 2._o kiah_v command_v over_o six_o city_n kiahing_n kiaxen_a haiyen_n pinghu_n cungte_n tunghiang_n 3._o hucheu_o command_v over_o six_o city_n hucheu_o changh_v gankie_n tech_v hiaofung_a and_o vukang_v 4._o niencheu_o command_v over_o six_o city_n niencheu_o xungan_n tunglui_n suigan_n xenchang_n and_o fuenxi_fw-la 5._o kiuhoa_n command_v over_o eight_o city_n kinhoa_o lanki_n tungyang_n thou_o juugkang_v vuy_n pukiang_n and_o tanki_n 6._o kincheu_o command_v over_o five_o city_n kincheu_o lungyeu_o changxan_n kiangxen_n and_o caihoa_n 7._o chucheu_o command_v over_o 10_o city_n chucheu_o cingtien_n cinyun_n sungyang_n suichang_n lungcinen_n kingyven_v junho_n sivenp_v and_o kingn_v 8._o xaohing_n command_v over_o seven_o city_n xaohing_n siaoxan_n chuki_n juyao_n xangyu_n x_v and_o cinchang_n 9_o ningpo_n command_v over_o five_o city_n ningpo_n cuki_n funghao_n tinghai_n siangxan_n 10._o taicheu_o command_v over_o six_o city_n taicheu_o hoangnien_n tientai_n sinkiu_fw-la ninghai_n and_o taip_v 11._o vencheu_o command_v over_o five_o city_n vencheu_o xuigan_n loce_n pingyang_n taixun_n the_o chief_a garrison_n be_v 15._o chinxan_n kinxan_n tinghui_n quo_fw-la ninghai_n cioki_n sinho_n xetie_n puontun_n cumuen_n tunchi_fw-la haigan_n sin_v haifung_a nan._n the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n in_o this_o province_n mention_v in_o the_o chinese_n toll-book_n appear_v to_o be_v 12_o hundred_o 42_o thousand_o 1_o hundred_o and_o 35_o family_n and_o 55_o hundred_o 25_o thousand_o 4_o hundred_o and_o 70_o fight_a men._n the_o public_a revenue_n pay_v to_o the_o emperor_n consist_v of_o 25_o hundred_o 10_o thousand_o 2_o hundred_o and_o 99_o sack_n of_o salt_n 3_o hundred_o and_o 70_o thousand_o 4_o hundred_o and_o 60_o pound_n of_o unwrought_a silk_n and_o 2_o thousand_o 5_o hundred_o and_o 74_o rowls_n of_o wrought_a silk_n beside_o all_o which_o the_o great_a ship_n of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n call_v jungychuen_n come_v every_o year_n to_o lade_v with_o silk_n which_o be_v very_o rich_a and_o curious_o wrought_v for_o his_o majesty_n own_o use_n the_o silk_n be_v interweave_v with_o gold_n
silver_n and_o the_o feather_n of_o several_a bird_n very_o artificial_o mingle_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o colour_n none_o be_v suffer_v to_o wear_v any_o of_o these_o silk_n call_v dragon-silk_n but_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o courtier_n this_o province_n furnish_v the_o court_n likewise_o with_o 80_o hundred_o 4_o thousand_o and_o 91_o truss_n of_o hay_n and_o with_o 4_o hundred_o 44_o thousand_o 7_o hundred_o and_o 69_o weight_n of_o salt_n the_o whole_a revenue_n of_o this_o province_n be_v reckon_v by_o some_o to_o amount_v to_o 15_o million_o of_o crown_n the_o eleven_o province_n of_o fokien_n this_o province_n fokien_n which_o be_v the_o least_o of_o all_o the_o province_n lie_v towards_o the_o east_n southeast_n and_o south_n upon_o the_o great_a indian_a sea_n towards_o the_o south-west_n it_o border_n upon_o quantung_n west_n and_o north-east_n upon_o kiansi_fw-la and_o the_o remain_a part_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o chekiang_n in_o this_o province_n be_v eight_o chief_a city_n and_o 48_o small_a city_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o fort_n which_o be_v build_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o harbour_n the_o eight_o chief_a city_n be_v these_o focheu_o civencheu_o changcheu_o kienning_n jenp_a tincheu_o hiughoa_o and_o xaovu_o 1._o focheu_o command_v over_o eight_o city_n focheu_o cutien_n mince_a changlo_n lienkiang_n loyven_v jungfo_n and_o foce_n 2._o civencheu_o command_v over_o seven_o city_n civencheu_o nangan_n hoeigan_n tehoa_n ganki_n tungan_n and_o junchung_a 3._o changcheu_o command_v over_o 10_o city_n changcheu_o changpu_n lugnien_n nance_v changtai_n changp_v pingho_n caogan_n haicing_n and_o ningyang_n 4._o kien_v command_v over_o seven_o city_n kienning_n kieny_v cunggan_n puch_v chingho_n sungki_n and_o xeun_v 5._o jenp_v command_v over_o seven_o city_n jenp_v cianglo_n xa_n yenki_n xunchang_n janggan_n and_o tatien_n 6._o tingcheu_o command_v over_o eight_o city_n tingcheu_o ninghoa_o xanghang_fw-mi vupe_v cinglieu_n tiench_v queihoa_o and_o jungtung_n 7._o hinghoa_n command_v over_o two_o city_n hinghoa_o and_o sienlieu_n 8._o xaovu_o command_n over_o four_o city_n xaovu_o quangee_n tain_v and_o kienning_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n be_v also_o a_o great_a city_n call_v fon_v which_o command_v three_o city_n fon_v fogan_n and_o ningte_v in_o this_o province_n be_v likewise_o several_a brave_a fort_n and_o town_n for_o trade_n as_o ganhai_n hiamuen_n pumuen_n fon_v tinghai_n muihoa_n xe_n haiku_n vangan_n chungxe_n tungxan_n hivenchung_a and_o jungt_v the_o island_n formosa_fw-la or_o the_o fair_a island_n do_v also_o belong_v to_o this_o province_n as_o likewise_o the_o near_a adjacent_a island_n call_v taiwan_n which_o the_o hollander_n possess_v who_o have_v build_v a_o fort_n there_o call_v new-zealand_n but_o of_o this_o island_n more_o hereafter_o the_o toll_n or_o register-book_n of_o these_o people_n mention_n no_o less_o in_o this_o province_n than_o 5_o hundred_o 9_o thousand_o and_o 2_o hundred_o family_n and_o 18_o hundred_o 2_o thousand_o 6_o hundred_o and_o 77_o fight_a men._n the_o revenue_n of_o this_o province_n consist_v of_o 8_o hundred_o 83_o thousand_o 1_o hundred_o and_o 15_o sack_n of_o salt_n 1_o hundred_o 94_o pound_n of_o fine_a linen_n and_o 6_o hundred_o rowls_n of_o wrought_a silk_n but_o the_o chief_a revenue_n consist_v of_o ship_n which_o pay_v according_a to_o their_o burden_n so_o much_o a_o tun._n the_o thirteen_o province_n of_o quangsi_n quangsi_n be_v the_o thirteen_o province_n quangsi_n and_o border_n towards_o the_o east_n upon_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n south-west_n upon_o tungk_v or_o ganan_n westward_o upon_o the_o country_n of_o junnan_n towards_o the_o north-west_n upon_o the_o country_n of_o queicheu_fw-la and_o the_o remain_a part_n upon_o huquang_n in_o this_o province_n be_v eleven_o capital_a city_n one_o chief_a garrison_n city_n and_o one_o principal_a city_n the_o 11_o chief_a city_n be_v these_o queilin_n lieucheu_o kingyven_v pinglo_n gucheu_o cincheu_o nanning_n taip_a sume_a chingen_n and_o tiencheu_fw-la 1._o queilin_n command_v over_o nine_o city_n queilin_n hinggan_n lingchuen_n yangso_n jungn_v jungfo_n yning_n cinen_n and_o quonyang_n 2._o lieucheu_o command_v over_o twelve_o city_n lieucheu_o coyung_a loch_a lieuch_v hoaiyven_v yung_n laipin_n siang_n vucve_v pin_n cienkiang_n and_o xangle_v 3._o kingyven_v command_v over_o nine_o city_n kingyven_v tienho_n sugen_n hochi_n hinch_a nanchuen_n lypo_n tunglan_n and_o pangti_n 4._o pinglo_n command_v over_o eight_o city_n pinglo_n cunch_v fuchueu_o ho_o lipu_n siengiu_n juggan_n and_o caop_v 5._o gucheu_o command_v over_o ten_o city_n gucheu_o teng_n yung_n cengki_n hoaicie_n yolin_n pope_n pelieu_n lochuen_n and_o hingye_n 6._o cincheu_o commannd_v over_o four_o city_n cincheu_o pingnan_n quei_z and_o vuce_v 7._o nan_v command_v over_o six_o city_n nanning_n lunggan_n heng_n yunhiang_n xangsu_n and_o sunning_n 8._o taip_v command_v over_o 22_o city_n taip_v gang_v yangli_fw-la vanching_n co_n civenm_v such_v chinyven_v sutung_v kielum_fw-la ming_v xanhia_n kiegan_n luge_v tukie_n cungxen_a junkang_fw-mi loyang_n toll_v lun_n kiang_n and_o lope_n 9_o sume_v command_v over_o five_o city_n sume_v xangxe_n hiaxe_n pingciang_n and_o chung_n 10._o chingan_n have_v no_o city_n under_o it_o command_v nor_o be_v subject_n to_o any_o other_o city_n 11._o tiencheu_o command_v over_o five_o city_n tiencheu_o xanglin_n lung_n queite_n and_o cohoa_n the_o garrison_n city_n be_v sugen_n and_o command_v over_o three_o city_n sugen_n vuyven_v and_o funghoa_n the_o great_a city_n which_o be_v not_o prefer_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o principal_a city_n be_v such_v and_o command_v only_o over_o one_o city_n call_v ching_n there_o be_v some_o other_o city_n in_o this_o province_n as_o sucheu_o sipe_v fulao_n fukang_v funy_n li_n queixum_fw-la and_o hiangun_v the_o fort_n be_v only_o two_o zanglui_n and_o ganiung_a in_o the_o toll_n or_o register-book_n of_o this_o province_n be_v set_v down_o 1_o hundred_o 86_o thousand_o 7_o hundred_o and_o 19_o family_n and_o 1_o million_o 54_o thousand_o 7_o hundred_o and_o 60_o fight_a men._n the_o revenue_n thereof_o consist_v of_o 4_o hundred_o 31_o thousand_o 3_o hundred_o and_o 59_o bag_n of_o rice_n the_o fourteen_o province_n of_o queicheu_fw-la this_o province_n of_o queicheu_fw-la border_n east_n and_o southeast_n upon_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n queicheu_fw-la north_n and_o north-west_n upon_o sucheu_fw-la towards_o the_o north-east_n it_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n and_o the_o remain_a part_n border_n upon_o junnan_n former_o this_o province_n be_v not_o reckon_v among_o the_o fifteen_o but_o a_o part_n thereof_o belong_v to_o sucheu_fw-la another_o part_n to_o huquang_n and_o the_o neighbour_a province_n possess_v the_o rest_n at_o last_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n in_o regard_n ivena_n the_o forego_v branch_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v cause_v several_a castle_n and_o fort_n to_o be_v build_v therein_o make_v thereof_o a_o particular_a province_n in_o this_o queicheu_fw-la be_v 8_o chief_a city_n which_o be_v not_o very_o large_a 10_o small_a city_n four_o chief_a garrison_n city_n and_o four_o small_a garrison_n city_n beside_o castle_n and_o fort_n which_o be_v very_o many_o the_o eight_o chief_a city_n be_v these_o queiyang_n sucheu_o sunan_n chinyven_v xecien_n tunggin_n lipe_v and_o tucho_n 1._o queiyang_n command_v over_o 19_o fort_n in_o stead_n of_o city_n queiyang_n kiukiun_n moqua_n tahoa_n cingfan_n gueifan_n fangfan_n hungfan_n golung_n kingxe_n siaolung_n lofan_n talung_n siaoch_v xangua_n luxan_n lufan_n pingfa_n and_o mohiang_n 2._o sucheu_o command_v over_o four_o fort_n sucheu_o tuso_fw-la xiki_n and_o hoantao_n 3._o sunan_n command_v over_o two_o city_n and_o five_o fort_n sunan_n vuchuen_n inkiang_n xuite_o manii_n langki_n and_o jeuki_n 4._o chinyven_v command_v over_o one_o city_n and_o four_o fort_n chinyven_v xikien_n kinyung_a pienkyao_n inxui_n and_o taip_v 5._o xecien_n command_v over_o three_o fort_n xecien_n miaomin_v lungeve_v and_o coihang_v 6._o tunggin_n command_v over_o seven_o fort_n tunggin_n sengki_n tiki_n vaxan_n ulo_n pingten_n pingnan_n and_o pingchai_n 7._o lipe_v command_v over_o 4_o city_n and_o 11_o fort_n lipe_v juncung_n tanki_n pacheu_o hang_v caotie_n cuckoe_n sixau_n huul_a leangsai_n gevyang_n sinhoa_n chunglin_n cheki_n and_o lungli_fw-la 8._o tucho_n command_v over_o three_o city_n and_o nine_o fort_n tucho_n toxan_n maho_n cingpin_n panxui_fw-la pinglang_n pingcheu_o lotung_n hokiang_n lope_v pingt_v and_o tungn_v the_o four_o great_a city_n be_v pugan_n jungn_v chin_a and_o ganxun_v pugan_n be_v the_o key_n of_o the_o three_o province_n jungn_v command_v over_o three_o small_a fort_n jungn_v muyo_n and_o ting_v chin_a command_v over_o two_o fort_n kangco_n and_o xeul_n ganxun_v likewise_o command_v over_o two_o fort_n ningpo_n and_o sipeo_fw-la the_o four_o chief_a garrison_n city_n be_v putting_z sintien_n pingyve_n and_o lungli_fw-la 1._o put_v command_v over_o no_o
other_o city_n 2._o sintien_n command_v over_o four_o fort_n pingfa_n pape_v cheup_a and_o cheve_v 3._o pingyve_fw-mi command_v over_o two_o fort_n yengi_n and_o lope_v 4._o lungli_fw-la command_v over_o two_o fort_n pingfa_n and_o tape_v the_o fort_n which_o lie_v up_o and_o down_o in_o this_o province_n to_o hinder_v the_o plunder_v of_o those_o upon_o the_o mountain_n be_v picie_a gueie_v chanchoang_v chingp_v pingpa_n cannon_n usa_fw-la hinglung_n cherni_n and_o kaili_n the_o chief_a place_n in_o this_o province_n be_v jungue_v xuitung_n lokeu_o xanglang_n vatien_n hoanglien_n and_o cugin_n in_o the_o chinese_n toll-book_n of_o this_o province_n we_o find_v set_v down_o 45_o thousand_o 3_o hundred_o and_o 5_o family_n and_o 2_o hundred_o 31_o thousand_o 3_o hundred_o and_o 65_o fight_a men._n the_o revenue_n of_o this_o province_n consist_v of_o 47_o thousand_o 6_o hundred_o 58_o bag_n of_o rice_n 5_o thousand_o and_o 9_o hundred_o piece_n of_o cloth_n but_o all_o this_o not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v the_o fort_n the_o emperor_n be_v necessitate_v to_o supply_v what_o be_v want_v out_o of_o his_o other_o revenue_n the_o fifteen_o province_n of_o junnan_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o southeast_n this_o province_n of_o junnan_n border_n upon_o quangsi_n junnan_n towards_o the_o south_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o laos_n and_o tunk_v towards_o the_o west_n it_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o utmost_a border_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mien_n and_o pey_fw-mi towards_o the_o north-west_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sifan_n northward_o upon_o the_o province_n of_o sucheu_o and_o towards_o the_o north-east_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o far_a pale_n of_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_fw-la in_o this_o province_n be_v 12_o great_a city_n 8_o chief_a garrison_n city_n 88_o small_a city_n beside_o several_a castle_n and_o fort_n the_o 12_o chief_a city_n be_v these_o junnan_n tali_fw-la lingan_n cuihung_a chinkiang_n munghoa_n kingtung_n quangna_n quangsi_fw-la chinyven_v junning_a and_o xune_v 1._o junnan_n command_v over_o 13_o small_a city_n junnan_n funun_n yleang_v caom_v cyn_v quehoa_o chingcung_n ganning_n loco_fw-la lofung_a quenyang_n sanpao_n and_o ymuen_o 2._o tali_fw-la command_v over_o six_o city_n tali_fw-la chaos_n junnan_n tenchuen_n langkiung_a and_o pinchuen_n 3._o lingan_n command_v over_o 10_o city_n lingan_n kienxui_n xepe_v omi_n niug_n sinpin_v tunghai_n hosi_fw-la siego_n and_o mungcu_n as_o also_o over_o nine_o chief_a fort_n naleu_n kiachoa_n vanglung_n hieyung_a kichu_n sulo_n coneng_n locung_n and_o gannan_n 4._o cuhiung_a command_n over_o seven_o city_n cuhiung_a quantung_n tingyven_v tinpien_n okia_n nangan_n aâ—d_n chinnan_n 5._o under_o the_o command_n of_o chinkiang_n be_v five_o city_n chinkiang_n kiangheu_o sinhin_n yangcung_n and_o innan_n 6._o munghoa_n command_v over_o two_o city_n munghoa_n and_o tinglung_n 7._o kingtung_n have_v no_o city_n under_o its_o command_n 8._o quangnan_n command_v over_o the_o city_n fu._n 9_o quangsi_n command_v over_o four_o city_n quangsi_n sucung_n mile_n and_o vimao_n 10._o chiyven_v command_v over_o the_o fort_n loco_fw-la 11._o jungn_v command_v over_o the_o fort_n jungn_v lacu_fw-la ketien_n hianglo_n and_o valu_n 12._o xune_v have_v no_o city_n under_o it_o and_o lie_v surround_v with_o hill_n the_o eight_o garrison_n city_n be_v these_o kioce_n yaogan_n ciok_v vute_a cintien_n likiang_n juenkiang_n and_o jungchang_n kioce_n command_v over_o six_o city_n kioce_n yeco_n chenye_n loleang_v malungo_fw-la and_o lochiung_a yaogan_n command_v over_o three_o city_n yaogan_n yao_n and_o tayao_n ciok_v rule_n over_o three_o city_n ciok_v kienchuen_n and_o xun_v vute_v command_v over_o four_o city_n vute_v hokio_n yuenmeu_n and_o lokve_v cintien_n command_v only_o over_o seven_o village_n likiang_n command_v over_o five_o city_n likiang_n paoxan_n lan_n kiucin_n and_o linsi_fw-fr juenkiang_n command_v over_o the_o fort_n lopie_n jungchang_n command_v over_o seven_o fort_n jungchang_n say_v likiang_n jungp_v fungki_n xitian_n and_o lukiang_n there_o be_v two_o garrison_n city_n pex_v and_o sinhoa_o which_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o any_o other_o city_n the_o fort_n which_o be_v not_o command_v by_o any_o other_o city_n be_v fourteen_o chelo_n tengheng_n cheli_n laochua_n lungchuen_n gueiyven_v vantien_n chincang_v taheu_fw-la nieuki_n mangxi_n langchang_n mopang_v mien_n with_o the_o city_n of_o langkiu_n mopang_fw-mi command_v over_o nine_o village_n mopang_v mengyang_n mengk_v menglien_n mengli_fw-la mengt_v mengtieu_o mengco_n and_o menchang_n mien_n command_v over_o six_o other_o village_n mien_n pape_n santihiung_a sochung_a mungyang_n and_o mitien_n the_o yearly_a toll-book_n in_o this_o province_n of_o junnan_n make_v mention_n of_o 32_o thousand_o 9_o hundred_o and_o 58_o family_n and_o 14_o hundred_o 33_o thousand_o 1_o hundred_o and_o 10_o fight_a men._n the_o revenue_n of_o this_o province_n consist_v of_o 14_o hundred_o thousand_o 5_o huâ—dred_o and_o 68_o bag_n of_o rice_n and_o 56_o thousand_o 9_o hundred_o 65_o weight_n of_o salt_n beside_o several_a other_o great_a impost_n and_o tax_n which_o we_o shall_v forbear_v to_o mention_v thus_o far_o have_v treat_v though_o but_o brief_o of_o that_o which_o at_o first_o i_o propose_v for_o the_o better_a understanding_n the_o relation_n of_o our_o voyage_n i_o now_o proceed_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o pass_v during_o our_o travel_n to_o and_o again_o from_o canton_n to_o peking_n you_o must_v know_v that_o the_o chief_a government_n at_o batavia_n long_o before_o any_o thing_n be_v conclude_v by_o the_o east-india_n company_n in_o holland_n concern_v a_o embassy_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n at_o peking_n do_v send_v some_o person_n with_o lade_a ship_n to_o china_n to_o desire_v free_a traffic_n in_o those_o part_n therefore_o i_o suppose_v it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o relate_v in_o short_a what_o success_n they_o meet_v withal_o in_o their_o voyage_n from_o the_o time_n that_o the_o netherlander_n have_v commerce_n with_o their_o ship_n into_o several_a part_n of_o india_n they_o continual_o seek_v unto_o the_o people_n of_o china_n to_o trade_n with_o they_o upon_o the_o island_n of_o japan_n in_o such_o ware_n and_o commodity_n as_o the_o country_n of_o china_n produce_v but_o in_o this_o their_o fair_a undertake_n and_o reasonable_a request_n they_o have_v still_o meet_v with_o opposition_n and_o no_o access_n will_v be_v give_v they_o into_o that_o kingdom_n some_o impute_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o aversion_n in_o those_o people_n to_o the_o hollander_n to_o a_o old_a prophecy_n which_o make_v no_o small_a impression_n on_o their_o fancy_n that_o a_o strange_a nation_n fair_a of_o complexion_n and_o clothe_v all_o over_o shall_v come_v thither_o from_o a_o far_o remote_a country_n to_o conquer_v the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n and_o possess_v it_o as_o their_o own_o but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n the_o jesuit_n martin_n martinsen_n who_o have_v conceal_v himself_o ten_o year_n together_o in_o china_n for_o the_o propagation_n of_o the_o roman-catholick_n faith_n come_v from_o macassar_n to_o batavia_n in_o a_o portuguese_n vessel_n and_o there_o relate_v how_o that_o the_o great_a cham_n of_o tartary_n have_v conquer_a the_o empire_n of_o china_n and_o all_o the_o kingdom_n belong_v thereunto_o with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o some_o hundred_o thousand_o of_o people_n and_o have_v proclaim_v a_o free_a trade_n in_o the_o city_n of_o canton_n to_o all_o foreign_a people_n hereupon_o it_o be_v conclude_v by_o the_o chief_a government_n of_o batavia_n after_o due_a deliberation_n first_o have_v that_o a_o trial_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o report_n by_o send_v a_o vessel_n with_o several_a good_n from_o the_o island_n of_o taiwan_n to_o some_o part_n of_o china_n so_o upon_o the_o 20._o of_o august_n mr._n frederick_n schedel_n a_o merchant_n set_v sail_n in_o the_o good_a ship_n call_v the_o brown-fish_n very_o rich_o freight_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o merchandize_n from_o taiwan_n to_o canton_n and_o after_o nine_o day_n sail_v land_a in_o the_o canton_n river_n at_o a_o place_n call_v heytamon_n hereupon_o the_o mandorin_n haitonu_n admiral_n of_o the_o sea_n come_v aboard_o their_o vessel_n to_o receive_v and_o salute_v frederick_n schedel_n in_o the_o name_n and_o in_o behalf_n of_o the_o whole_a canton_n magistracy_n after_o that_o he_o have_v be_v well_o treat_v theâ—e_n he_o take_v leave_v of_o mr._n schedel_n who_o out_o of_o respect_n to_o his_o person_n think_v good_a to_o accompany_v he_o on_o shore_n but_o be_v come_v near_o the_o city_n he_o land_a in_o great_a state_n without_o speak_v one_o word_n to_o schedel_n who_o be_v put_v into_o another_o vessel_n in_o a_o very_a slight_a manner_n with_o the_o present_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v with_o he_o for_o the_o vice-roys_n and_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o city_n where_o he_o be_v narrow_o search_v by_o one_o emanuel_n de_fw-fr lucifierro_n
of_o the_o toutang_n with_o the_o mandorin_n taycoetsin_v and_o thiapang_v with_o order_n to_o bring_v the_o ship_n within_o half_a a_o mile_n of_o the_o city_n and_o there_o to_o lie_v till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o say_a commander_n who_o be_v not_o to_o know_v for_o several_a reason_n of_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o hollander_n have_v take_v his_o leave_n and_o be_v go_v during_o which_o time_n waggenaar_n be_v present_v with_o several_a rarity_n in_o token_n that_o the_o hollander_n be_v receive_v as_o friend_n in_o requital_n whereof_o he_o gratify_v their_o kindness_n with_o guinee_n linen_n bottle_n of_o rose-water_n and_o several_a other_o return_v the_o next_o day_n the_o ship_n be_v come_v high_o up_o the_o river_n several_a of_o the_o company_n will_v have_v go_v ashore_o to_o refresh_v themselves_o but_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o viceroy_n ship_n of_o war_n which_o lie_v there_o to_o watch_v the_o design_n of_o waggenaar_n afterwards_o come_v the_o mandorin_n haitonu_n aboard_o with_o several_a attendant_n to_o conduct_v waggenaar_n ashore_o and_o when_o he_o have_v be_v civil_o treat_v he_o desire_v he_o that_o he_o will_v prepare_v himself_o to_o go_v to_o the_o court_n but_o just_a as_o he_o be_v take_v horse_n there_o come_v two_o mandorin_n to_o he_o with_o a_o unexpected_a message_n put_v several_a strange_a question_n to_o he_o viz._n why_o waggenaar_n be_v desirous_a to_o speak_v with_o the_o viceroy_n and_o what_o his_o business_n be_v and_o whether_o he_o have_v bring_v any_o letter_n or_o present_n for_o the_o great_a cham_n at_o peking_n and_o for_o the_o mandore_a toutang_n at_o canton_n add_v withal_o wherewith_o he_o end_v his_o discourse_n that_o the_o portuguese_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o all_o this_o misunderstanding_n but_o that_o which_o seem_v most_o pleasant_a they_o declare_v that_o if_o the_o hollander_n will_v appear_v before_o the_o viceroy_n in_o person_n they_o must_v â—e_v very_o liberal_a to_o all_o that_o be_v about_o he_o whereupon_o waggenaar_n make_v answer_v that_o he_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o bribe_v the_o viceroy_n or_o his_o courtier_n to_o take_v the_o letter_n and_o present_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o master_n contrary_a to_o he_o and_o their_o inclination_n but_o yet_o he_o will_v give_v a_o good_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o he_o that_o shall_v procure_v a_o free_a trade_n for_o this_o year_n at_o canton_n during_o this_o conference_n the_o same_o haitonu_n return_v with_o advice_n to_o waggenaar_n that_o he_o must_v not_o appear_v before_o the_o viceroy_n who_o notwithstanding_o will_v read_v his_o letter_n hereupon_o waggenaar_n deliver_v he_o the_o letter_n and_o not_o long_o after_o a_o answer_n be_v bring_v he_o by_o the_o viceroy_n interpreter_n which_o be_v to_o this_o effect_n that_o in_o regard_n the_o hollander_n have_v not_o bring_v with_o they_o any_o letter_n nor_o present_n to_o the_o emperor_n at_o peking_n though_o sufficient_a advice_n have_v be_v give_v thereof_o to_o the_o hollander_n at_o batavia_n and_o high_o recommend_v unto_o they_o therefore_o it_o be_v to_o his_o great_a sorrow_n that_o he_o can_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o have_v any_o speech_n with_o he_o now_o when_o waggenaar_n see_v that_o he_o can_v not_o effect_v any_o thing_n with_o he_o he_o depart_v from_o canton_n with_o both_o the_o yacht_n and_o return_v back_o to_o batavia_n nothing_o be_v do_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n these_o barbarous_a people_n be_v not_o ashamed_a to_o demand_v ten_o thousand_o toel_n of_o silver_n only_o to_o render_v the_o letter_n and_o present_v acceptable_a to_o the_o viceroy_n before_o any_o conference_n can_v be_v have_v about_o drive_v a_o trade_n with_o they_o now_o according_a to_o the_o proposal_n of_o the_o general_n john_n maatzuiker_n and_o the_o council_n of_o india_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o east-india_n company_n at_o amsterdam_n conclude_v and_o order_v a_o embassy_n to_o be_v send_v from_o batavia_n to_o the_o grand_a tartar_n cham_fw-mi at_o peking_n whereupon_o peter_n de_fw-fr goyer_n and_o jacob_n de_fw-fr keyzer_n both_o merchant_n be_v choose_v ambassador_n at_o hurkos_n with_o a_o suitable_a train_n of_o fourteen_o peson_n namely_o two_o merchant_n six_o waiter_n a_o steward_n a_o chirurgeon_n two_o interpreter_n one_o trumpeter_n and_o one_o drummer_n beside_o these_o they_o take_v two_o merchant_n more_o with_o they_o who_o during_o their_o voyage_n to_o peking_n be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o traffic_n at_o canton_n namely_o francis_n lantsman_n as_o chief_a and_o henry_n gramsbergen_n his_o companion_n two_o yatche_n be_v appoint_v to_o transport_v they_o from_o batavia_n to_o canton_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n the_o present_n which_o the_o ambassador_n take_v with_o they_o for_o the_o great_a cham_n consist_v of_o several_a rich_a piece-goods_a as_o cloth_n kersey_n and_o other_o woollen_a manufacture_n of_o fine_a linen_n mace_n cinnamon_n clove_n nutmeg_n coral_n little_a trunk_n of_o wax_n perspective-glass_n looking-glass_n great_a and_o small_a sword_n gun_n feather_n armour_n and_o several_a other_o ware_n the_o content_n of_o their_o credential_n be_v to_o this_o purpose_n that_o the_o chief_a end_n and_o design_n of_o this_o embassy_n be_v to_o make_v a_o good_a agreement_n and_o firm_a league_n with_o the_o emperor_n of_o tartary_n and_o china_n that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o free_a trade_n drive_v throughout_o his_o whole_a kingdom_n betwixt_o his_o subject_n and_o the_o hollander_n and_o that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v confirm_v under_o the_o hand_n and_o seal_n of_o both_o party_n have_v put_v aboard_o the_o merchandise_n present_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o our_o voyage_n the_o ambassador_n go_v aboard_o on_o the_o 14._o of_o june_n 1655._o with_o all_o their_o follower_n we_o set_v sail_n that_o same_o night_n with_o a_o southeast_n wind_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o batavia_n steer_v our_o course_n northerly_a but_o before_o i_o relate_v what_o happen_v to_o we_o upon_o our_o voyage_n after_o we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o firm_a land_n of_o china_n i_o will_v give_v you_o a_o account_n in_o brief_a of_o this_o famous_a and_o eminent_a city_n a_o draught_n whereof_o i_o toook_v before_o my_o departure_n from_o thence_o and_o be_v thus_o here_o represent_v in_o the_o adjoin_a print_n this_o city_n batavia_n java_n so_o call_v from_o the_o netherlands_o ancient_a name_n be_v situate_v in_o the_o island_n of_o great_a java_n and_o so_o fruitful_a in_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n and_o corn_n that_o the_o learned_a scaliger_n extol_v this_o island_n for_o one_o of_o the_o most_o fruitful_a and_o comprehensive_a place_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n for_o from_o hence_o come_v not_o only_a pepper_n ginger_n cinnamon_n and_o other_o spice_n in_o great_a abundance_n but_o also_o all_o manner_n of_o tame_a and_o wild_a cattle_n which_o be_v transport_v from_o thence_o to_o other_o part_n it_o produce_v also_o all_o 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deceitful_a impudent_a and_o not_o to_o be_v trust_v when_o they_o have_v pass_v their_o word_n for_o when_o a_o king_n of_o java_n have_v falsify_v his_o word_n and_o his_o promise_n and_o be_v handsome_o rebuke_v for_o it_o he_o return_v for_o answer_v that_o the_o tongue_n of_o a_o man_n be_v not_o make_v of_o bone_n as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v more_o pliant_a to_o the_o flexibility_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o various_a resolution_n they_o be_v also_o represent_v to_o be_v cruel_a bloodthirsty_a and_o hardly_o appease_v when_o once_o offend_v as_o also_o that_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o eat_v the_o dead_a body_n of_o their_o friend_n as_o to_o their_o religion_n they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o mahumetan_n or_o idolater_n according_a to_o the_o several_a persuasion_n of_o their_o king_n who_o be_v many_o in_o this_o isle_n where_o paganism_n as_o the_o most_o ancient_a be_v spread_v universal_o and_o most_o of_o they_o be_v idolater_n
several_a question_n concern_v the_o trade_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o unite_a netherlands_o which_o be_v answer_v by_o the_o ambassador_n they_o seem_v satisfy_v and_o return_v to_o the_o ship_n with_o all_o their_o follower_n upon_o the_o 29._o come_v again_o a_o new_a heyton_n with_o a_o vice-admiral_n as_o commissioner_n from_o canton_n to_o receive_v the_o ambassador_n and_o to_o conduct_v they_o thither_o whereupon_o the_o ambassador_n at_o their_o invitation_n go_v again_o ashore_o and_o be_v conduct_v to_o a_o idol-temple_n where_o be_v receive_v after_o the_o usual_a manner_n they_o spread_v their_o credential_n upon_o the_o table_n then_o heyton_n begin_v to_o propose_v several_a question_n namely_o whether_o we_o do_v not_o sail_n from_o canton_n about_o two_o year_n what_o manner_n of_o ware_n and_o merchandises_n we_o have_v bring_v with_o we_o who_o be_v aboard_o the_o other_o ship_n and_o how_o they_o come_v to_o separate_v from_o we_o how_o many_o man_n and_o gun_n 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ambassador_n make_v that_o they_o may_v have_v audience_n of_o the_o vice-roys_n and_o have_v leave_v to_o go_v for_o peking_n they_o give_v no_o answer_n but_o go_v with_o the_o letter_n to_o the_o vice-roys_n they_o return_v again_o about_o noon_n and_o then_o begin_v to_o ask_v whether_o the_o prince_n and_o government_n of_o holland_n have_v no_o stamp_n not_o great_a seal_n for_o their_o letter_n and_o from_o what_o age_n of_o the_o world_n they_o be_v date_v and_o as_o concern_v the_o desire_n of_o the_o ambassador_n they_o give_v they_o to_o understand_v that_o neither_o the_o vice-roys_n nor_o the_o teutang_n nor_o any_o body_n else_o in_o canton_n have_v the_o power_n to_o give_v audience_n to_o any_o ambassador_n before_o they_o have_v first_o receive_v a_o answer_n to_o the_o letter_n which_o they_o have_v send_v to_o peking_n concern_v they_o however_o they_o give_v order_n that_o the_o yacht_a koukerken_n shall_v be_v bring_v near_o to_o the_o city_n and_o promise_v that_o the_o vice-roys_n to_o welcome_a the_o ambassador_n in_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a manner_n and_o to_o view_v the_o present_n which_o they_o have_v bring_v to_o the_o great_a cham_n will_v appear_v personal_o at_o their_o lodging_n wherefore_o upon_o the_o second_o of_o august_n we_o receive_v order_n to_o follow_v the_o ambassador_n with_o our_o yacht_n four_o great_a man_n of_o war_n of_o the_o viceroy_n be_v appoint_v to_o conduct_v we_o up_o the_o river_n about_o the_o evening_n we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n near_o a_o small_a castle_n where_o the_o river_n be_v above_o two_o mile_n broad_a and_o have_v lie_v upon_o both_o side_n several_a little_a island_n on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o this_o river_n upon_o a_o small_a hill_n stand_v a_o high_a tower_n very_o curious_o adorn_v with_o nine_o round_n the_o like_a tower_n also_o show_v itself_o upon_o a_o certain_a island_n over_o against_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n the_o country_n situate_v on_o both_o side_n of_o this_o river_n abound_v very_o much_o in_o village_n which_o be_v mighty_a populous_a and_o fruitful_a field_n afford_v twice_o every_o year_n the_o labour_a and_o diligent_a countryman_n a_o very_a rich_a harvest_n upon_o the_o four_o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o come_v before_o the_o famous_a and_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n which_o be_v call_v by_o some_o quancheu_fw-la and_o the_o first_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n after_o our_o devotion_n and_o the_o take_a order_n about_o every_o thing_n aboard_o our_o ship_n we_o go_v that_o day_n ashore_o to_o the_o ambassador_n who_o we_o find_v lodge_v in_o a_o stately_a edifice_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n side_n over_o against_o which_o lie_v our_o yacht_n and_o former_o have_v be_v a_o idol-temple_n the_o viceroy_n have_v order_v two_o mandorin_n to_o guard_n with_o a_o good_a number_n of_o soldier_n the_o gate_n for_o our_o security_n but_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o yacht_v come_v to_o the_o ambassador_n lodging_n but_o they_o must_v immediate_o though_o against_o their_o will_n return_v aboard_o again_o under_o pretence_n that_o no_o ambassador_n which_o be_v send_v to_o the_o emperor_n be_v to_o reside_v at_o canton_n without_o a_o express_a order_n from_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n they_o likewise_o allege_v for_o their_o excuse_n that_o the_o governor_n of_o canton_n will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o answer_v to_o the_o emperor_n concern_v any_o mischief_n or_o accident_n which_o may_v happen_v to_o the_o ambassador_n be_v ashore_o afterward_o the_o mandorin_n poetsiensin_n and_o heyton_n bring_v the_o credential_n open_v aboard_o say_v that_o the_o vice-roys_n dare_v not_o accept_v or_o keep_v they_o before_o they_o have_v receive_v advice_n from_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n as_o at_o the_o beginning_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o whole_a relation_n of_o our_o travel_n i_o give_v a_o account_n in_o short_a of_o all_o the_o great_a and_o small_a city_n of_o the_o ten_o province_n in_o china_n through_o which_o i_o do_v not_o travel_v so_o now_o i_o find_v myself_o necessitate_v for_o the_o more_o particular_a information_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n to_o relate_v brief_o the_o remain_v five_o province_n each_o in_o his_o due_a place_n and_o the_o number_n of_o city_n into_o which_o each_o province_n be_v divide_v all_o which_o i_o see_v myself_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n which_o be_v the_o twelve_o in_o number_n among_o the_o fifteen_o into_o which_o all_o china_n be_v divide_v be_v encompass_v on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n on_o the_o north-west_n and_o north_n with_o that_o of_o kiangsi_n on_o the_o north-east_n it_o border_n upon_o foke_v from_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v by_o steep_a hill_n and_o mountain_n and_o the_o river_n ting_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o province_n border_n on_o the_o sea_n which_o
cause_v so_o many_o safe_a harbour_n and_o road_n for_o ship_n in_o these_o part_n the_o country_n be_v in_o some_o place_n flat_a and_o even_o and_o in_o other_o hilly_a and_o mountainous_a especial_o towards_o the_o south_n as_o we_o often_o find_v to_o our_o great_a inconvenience_n upon_o our_o voyage_n this_o province_n produce_v all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o man_n as_o likewise_o several_a sort_n of_o rich_a ware_n and_o commodity_n as_o well_o artificial_a as_o natural_a it_o likewise_o yield_v the_o husbandman_n fruit_n twice_o ayear_n as_o rice_n corn_n and_o other_o product_n for_o in_o it_o you_o have_v no_o cold_a wether_n all_o winter_n so_o that_o the_o chineses_n have_v a_o proverb_n among_o they_o that_o there_o be_v three_o very_a strange_a thing_n in_o quantung_n viz._n the_o heaven_n without_o snow_n tree_n green_a in_o winter_n as_o in_o summer_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n spit_v blood_n for_o first_o of_o all_o it_o never_o snow_n here_o the_o tree_n be_v never_o unperwige_v and_o the_o inhabitant_n continual_o chew_v the_o leave_n of_o betel_n and_o areka_n prepare_v after_o their_o way_n make_v their_o hospital_n red_a from_o hence_o come_v likewise_o great_a quantity_n of_o gold_n pearl_n precious_a stone_n silk_n quicksilver_n copper_n steel_n iron_n salt-petre_a eagle-wood_n and_o several_a other_o odoriferous_a wood_n the_o people_n in_o these_o part_n be_v very_o ingenious_a laborious_a and_o nimble_a and_o can_v imitate_v any_o thing_n which_o they_o see_v make_v before_o they_o and_o whatsoever_o the_o portuguese_n bring_v thither_o out_o of_o europe_n weave_v of_o gold_n silver_n or_o the_o like_a which_o be_v strange_a unto_o they_o they_o will_v immediate_o endeavour_v to_o work_v the_o same_o and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n will_v accomplish_v what_o they_o undertake_v for_o i_o give_v a_o chinese_n goldsmith_n a_o silver_n button_n to_o make_v a_o set_a by_o and_o the_o next_o day_n he_o bring_v to_o my_o lodging_n what_o i_o have_v bespeak_v very_o curious_o wrought_v as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v use_v to_o such_o work_n though_o he_o have_v never_o do_v the_o like_a before_o which_o argue_v their_o ingenuity_n to_o be_v very_o great_a among_o other_o fowl_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o this_o country_n be_v great_a store_n of_o duck_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v the_o art_n and_o way_n to_o raise_v and_o increase_v beyond_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o neighbour_n this_o province_n be_v govern_v as_o also_o each_o of_o the_o other_o province_n in_o the_o emperor_n name_n by_o governor_n who_o by_o those_o of_o europe_n because_o their_o office_n and_o employment_n much_o resemble_v vice-roys_n be_v call_v petty_a king_n who_o common_o reside_v in_o the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n when_o we_o be_v at_o canton_n quantung_n be_v govern_v by_o two_o vice-roys_n whereof_o one_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o year_n be_v call_v the_o old_a and_o the_o other_o the_o young_a viceroy_n the_o portuguese_n call_v the_o young_a viceroy_n halick_n mancebo_fw-la the_o vice-roys_n of_o quantung_n take_v place_n of_o all_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o other_o province_n because_o situate_v upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o far_o remote_a from_o the_o imperial_a city_n peking_n and_o border_n also_o upon_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o highway_n be_v trouble_v with_o robber_n and_o the_o sea_n with_o pirate_n therefore_o the_o emperor_n order_n that_o the_o vice-roys_n of_o quantung_n shall_v command_v over_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n though_o this_o last_o as_o the_o other_o province_n have_v also_o particular_a vice-roys_n this_o country_n be_v former_o a_o kingdom_n of_o itself_o and_o call_v nainve_v and_o first_o bring_v under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o race_n of_o cheva_n yet_o however_o it_o do_v not_o continue_v long_o under_o that_o power_n but_o revolt_v and_o will_v be_v rule_v by_o none_o but_o the_o king_n of_o nainve_v the_o emperor_n hiaorus_fw-la of_o the_o family_n of_o hana_n at_o last_o conquer_v this_o part_n since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n in_o this_o province_n be_v ten_o chief_a city_n and_o seventy_o three_o small_a city_n city_n without_o reckon_v among_o they_o the_o city_n of_o maccao_n famous_a for_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n the_o ten_o chief_a city_n be_v these_o quancheu_fw-la or_o canton_n xaocheu_o nanhiung_a hoeicheu_o chaocheu_o chaok_v kaocheu_o liencheu_o lincheu_o and_o kiuncheu_fw-la the_o chief_a city_n of_o quancheu_fw-la command_v over_o fifteen_o small_a city_n among_o which_o i_o do_v not_o reckon_v maccao_n though_o it_o lie_v under_o the_o command_n of_o this_o chief_a city_n the_o 15_o small_a one_o of_o this_o great_a city_n be_v these_o quancheu_fw-la or_o canton_n xunte_n tangvon_n cengch_v hiangxan_n sinhoei_n cingyven_v sin_v cunghoa_o lungumen_n sanxui_fw-la lien_n jangxan_n tienxan_n and_o singan_n the_o second_o capital_a city_n xaocheu_o command_v over_o six_o small_a city_n xaocheu_o locang_v giughoa_o juyven_v ungyen_n and_o ingote_n the_o country_n about_o this_o chief_a city_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n full_a of_o hill_n the_o three_o chief_a city_n be_v nanhiung_a or_o nanhung_a and_o command_v over_o two_o city_n nanhiung_a and_o xihe_v the_o four_o chief_a city_n be_v hoeicheu_o and_o command_v over_o 10_o small_a city_n hoeicheu_o polo_n haifung_a hove_v lungchuen_n changlo_n hingn_v hope_v change_a and_o junggan_n the_o five_o chief_a city_n be_v chaocheu_o and_o command_v likewise_o over_o 10_o small_a city_n chaocheu_o chaoyang_n kieyang_n chinghiang_n jaop_v tapu_n hoeilai_n cinghai_n puning_n and_o pingyven_v the_o six_o chief_a city_n be_v chaok_v and_o command_v over_o eleven_o city_n chaok_v sinhoei_n sinhing_n yangchun_n yangkiang_n caom_v genp_a teke_a quangn_v fuchuen_n and_o kalklen_n the_o seven_o chief_a city_n be_v caocheu_o and_o command_v over_o six_o small_a city_n caocheu_o tienpe_a sing_v hoa_o vuchnen_a and_o xech_v the_o eight_o chief_a city_n be_v lieucheu_o and_o command_v over_o four_o small_a city_n lieucheu_o knig_n lingxan_n and_o xelien_n the_o nine_o chief_a city_n be_v luicheu_o and_o command_v over_o three_o small_a city_n luichtu_fw-la sniki_n and_o siuven_o the_o ten_o chief_a city_n be_v kiuncheu_o situate_v in_o the_o island_n of_o hainan_n and_o command_v over_o twelve_o small_a city_n kiuncheu_o lincao_n tingan_n veuchung_a hoeitung_n lohoei_n chen_n changhoa_n van_n linxui_fw-la yes_fw-mi and_o cangen_n in_o this_o whole_a province_n be_v ten_o fort_n or_o castle_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o province_n and_o the_o sea_n the_o name_n whereof_o be_v these_o tach_n tung_n hanxan_n ginghai_n kiacu_fw-la kiexe_n ciex_v hiung_a junch_v and_o ciungling_n the_o chinese_n toll-book_n wherein_o the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n of_o each_o province_n be_v set_v down_o make_v mention_n of_o four_o hundred_o eighty_o three_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o family_n and_o nineteen_o hundred_o seventy_o eight_o thousand_o and_o twenty_o fight_a man_n in_o this_o province_n the_o tax_n which_o this_o province_n pay_v yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n amount_v to_o ten_o hundred_o seventeen_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o two_o bag_n of_o rice_n and_o seven_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o and_o fourscore_o weight_n of_o salt_n canton_n on_o the_o water_n side_n the_o city_n be_v defend_v with_o two_o row_n of_o high_a and_o thick_a wall_n which_o be_v strengthen_v with_o bulwark_n watch-tower_n and_o other_o fort_n and_o beside_o these_o work_n there_o be_v two_o other_o strong_a water-castle_n which_o be_v build_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o river_n render_v this_o city_n invincible_a one_o of_o these_o two_o castle_n which_o i_o see_v myself_o and_o which_o do_v not_o much_o differ_v in_o any_o thing_n from_o the_o other_o i_o take_v a_o exact_a draught_n of_o which_o you_o have_v here_o present_v show_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n and_o in_o what_o manner_n build_v the_o city_n be_v likewise_o defend_v and_o surround_v on_o the_o land_n side_n with_o a_o strong_a wall_n and_o five_o strong_a castle_n whereof_o some_o be_v within_o the_o wall_n and_o other_o without_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o steep_a hill_n so_o that_o this_o city_n be_v sufficient_o both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n defend_v against_o all_o the_o invasion_n of_o any_o enemy_n whatsoever_o and_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o seem_v invincible_a what_o concern_v the_o idol-temple_n court_n and_o palace_n of_o great_a lord_n and_o other_o rare_a edifice_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v here_o there_o be_v no_o city_n in_o all_o asia_n that_o show_v the_o like_a here_o also_o be_v several_a triumphal_a arch_n which_o have_v be_v erect_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o such_o as_o have_v do_v their_o country_n service_n they_o be_v no_o small_a
ornament_n to_o the_o place_n for_o from_o the_o water-gate_n go_v direct_o on_o to_o the_o king_n palace_n i_o tell_v in_o that_o line_n only_o no_o less_o than_o thirteen_o stately_a triumphal_a arch_n make_v of_o hew_a stone_n which_o be_v so_o set_v out_o with_o figure_n and_o inscription_n in_o carve_a work_n that_o all_o who_o behold_v they_o admire_v they_o as_o wonder_n and_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o considerable_a ornament_n wherewith_o the_o chineses_n adorn_v their_o city_n i_o have_v for_o the_o better_a demonstration_n of_o the_o workmanship_n set_v before_o you_o the_o follow_v print_v draught_n of_o one_o of_o they_o that_o you_o may_v take_v a_o full_a view_n of_o every_o part_n and_o so_o judge_v of_o all_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v general_o build_v after_o one_o and_o the_o same_o fashion_n these_o arch_n be_v common_o build_v with_o three_o story_n so_o artificial_o that_o we_o may_v very_o well_o say_v that_o neither_o wit_n nor_o ingenuity_n be_v want_v in_o their_o contrivance_n round_o about_o the_o pillar_n and_o in_o other_o place_n be_v write_v several_a chinese_n character_n and_o also_o cut_v several_a flower_n beast_n bird_n and_o other_o curious_a ornament_n as_o i_o suppose_v emblematical_a that_o you_o may_v the_o better_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o this_o most_o famous_a city_n i_o here_o present_a two_o draught_n the_o one_o the_o prospect_n as_o upon_o the_o water_n the_o other_o ichnographical_a of_o their_o street_n ground-plat_n temple_n wall_n castle_n house_n and_o whatsoever_o else_o they_o say_v this_o city_n before_o the_o last_o war_n be_v so_o wondrous_a populous_a and_o full_a of_o traffic_n that_o daily_o there_o be_v at_o least_o five_o or_o six_o man_n crowd_v to_o death_n in_o pass_v through_o the_o gate_n which_o will_v not_o seem_v altogether_o incredible_a if_o you_o consider_v the_o number_n of_o the_o adjacent_a village_n which_o abound_v with_o people_n constant_o resort_v thither_o this_o city_n have_v be_v twice_o subdue_v by_o arm_n and_o they_o say_v that_o in_o the_o last_o siege_n there_o be_v slay_v above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o men._n i_o shall_v relate_v to_o you_o in_o short_a what_o happen_v to_o canton_n during_o that_o terrible_a and_o bloody_a invasion_n after_o that_o the_o tartar_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o china_n except_o some_o few_o sea-town_n they_o fall_v with_o such_o a_o formidable_a army_n into_o this_o province_n of_o quantung_n that_o hardly_o any_o city_n how_o strong_a and_o populous_a soever_o dare_v withstand_v they_o but_o every_o one_o endeavour_v for_o prevention_n of_o her_o total_a ruin_n to_o receive_v the_o conqueror_n upon_o the_o best_a term_n they_o can_v this_o canton_n rely_v upon_o her_o invincible_a fort_n and_o castle_n only_o bid_v defiance_n to_o the_o tartar_n the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n do_v not_o a_o little_a encourage_v the_o chinese_n inhabitant_n but_o that_o which_o chief_o give_v they_o a_o resolution_n to_o withstand_v the_o enemy_n be_v that_o they_o have_v one_o iquon_n on_o their_o side_n who_o command_v a_o powerful_a fleet_n whereby_o he_o daily_o furnish_v the_o city_n with_o all_o necessary_a provision_n which_o the_o tartar_n can_v not_o hinder_v want_v sea-force_n and_o be_v unskilful_a in_o maritime_a affair_n but_o the_o besieger_n be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n spare_v neither_o pain_n nor_o cost_n to_o reduce_v it_o by_o force_n they_o storm_v the_o city_n three_o time_n but_o be_v courageous_o beat_v off_o by_o the_o besiege_a with_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n and_o arms._n this_o brave_a defence_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v the_o siege_n to_o last_v a_o whole_a year_n and_o their_o strong_a garrison_n enable_v they_o to_o make_v so_o many_o sally_n upon_o the_o besieger_n that_o they_o at_o last_o find_v themselves_o necessitate_v either_o to_o make_v one_o general_a assault_n with_o their_o whole_a army_n or_o else_o as_o baffle_v to_o raise_v their_o leaguer_n the_o ground_n plat_v of_o kanton_a a_o a_o pagode_n temple_n b._n a_o fort_n c._n the_o land_n gate_n d_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n e_o the_o place_n where_o the_o tartar_n be_v exercise_v f_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o tartar_n g._n a_o fair_a chinese_n tower_n h._n the_o old_a king_n palace_n i._o the_o young_a king_n palace_n k._n the_o first_o watergate_n l_o second_o watergate_n m._n the_o ambassador_n house_n n._n artillery_n house_n o._n the_o plain_a where_o the_o 〈◊〉_d be_v p._n two_o water_n châ—tlas_n q._n the_o dutsh-ship_n the_o vice-roys_n who_o govern_v over_o this_o kingdom_n at_o that_o time_n when_o we_o be_v there_o have_v then_o the_o chief_a command_n over_o the_o tartar_n these_o endeavour_v to_o corrupt_v the_o governor_n of_o canton_n with_o great_a promise_n and_o sum_n of_o money_n signify_v withal_o unto_o he_o these_o word_n that_o he_o shall_v consider_v into_o what_o extreme_a danger_n he_o be_v bring_v and_o what_o disaster_n be_v hang_v over_o his_o head_n that_o if_o so_o be_v he_o either_o love_v himself_o or_o his_o relation_n he_o shall_v forthwith_o surrender_v the_o city_n and_o this_o his_o favour_n they_o promise_v to_o requite_v with_o eternal_a friendship_n high_a preferment_n and_o forty_o thousand_o toel_n of_o silver_n the_o pusillanimous_a and_o faithless_a chinese_n governor_n whether_o that_o his_o heart_n misgive_v he_o or_o the_o money_n and_o large_o promise_v tempt_v the_o man_n so_o it_o be_v that_o though_o he_o may_v very_o well_o have_v defend_v the_o city_n yet_o contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n and_o honour_n he_o make_v a_o promise_n to_o the_o same_o tartarian_a commander_n to_o set_v open_a a_o gate_n to_o the_o besieger_n at_o a_o appoint_a hour_n which_o according_o he_o perform_v it_o be_v upon_o the_o 24._o of_o november_n 1650._o when_o the_o tartar_n upon_o this_o advantage_n rush_v with_o their_o whole_a army_n into_o the_o city_n which_o be_v soon_o subdue_v by_o they_o the_o besiege_a not_o be_v in_o a_o condition_n to_o make_v any_o resistance_n for_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o tartar_n horse_n get_v in_o but_o they_o ride_v with_o great_a swiftness_n through_o all_o the_o street_n to_o hinder_v the_o chinese_n from_o gather_v together_o and_o though_o the_o chineses_n be_v not_o inferior_a in_o number_n to_o the_o tartar_n yet_o they_o effect_v nothing_o be_v in_o disorder_n and_o surprise_v by_o the_o treachery_n of_o their_o governor_n so_o that_o the_o best_a course_n any_o can_v use_v be_v to_o save_v himself_o by_o flight_n the_o whole_a tartar_n army_n be_v get_v into_o the_o city_n the_o place_n be_v soon_o turn_v to_o a_o map_n of_o misery_n for_o every_o one_o begin_v to_o tear_v break_v and_o carry_v away_o whatsoever_o he_o can_v lay_v hand_n on_o the_o cry_n of_o woman_n child_n and_o age_a people_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o exceed_v all_o noise_n of_o such_o loud_a distraction_n so_o that_o from_o the_o 26._o of_o november_n to_o the_o 15._o of_o december_n there_o be_v hear_v no_o other_o cry_n in_o the_o street_n but_o strike_v kill_v and_o destroy_v the_o rebellious_a barbarian_n all_o place_n be_v full_a of_o woeful_a lamentation_n murder_n and_o rapine_n those_o that_o be_v able_a to_o ransom_n buy_v their_o life_n at_o dear_a rate_n and_o so_o escape_v the_o fury_n of_o these_o inhuman_a slaughterer_n at_o last_o the_o vice-roys_n and_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o army_n upon_o the_o six_o of_o winter-month_n do_v strict_o forbid_v any_o such_o cruel_a murder_n to_o be_v commit_v thenceforward_a i_o be_v credible_o inform_v that_o during_o the_o space_n of_o 80_o day_n above_o eight_o thousand_o be_v kill_v in_o cold_a blood_n by_o the_o tartar_n some_o among_o which_o the_o jesuit_n martinus_n be_v one_o in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o tartar_n war_n say_v that_o there_o be_v slay_v above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o which_o be_v not_o altogether_o improbable_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a number_n there_o pen_v up_o but_o although_o this_o city_n be_v thus_o lamentable_o lay_v waste_n yet_o through_o the_o great_a care_n of_o the_o vice-roys_n it_o be_v in_o a_o few_o year_n after_o restore_v to_o its_o former_a lustre_n after_o that_o the_o ambassador_n have_v be_v three_o week_n aboard_o without_o come_v ashore_o all_o that_o while_n they_o have_v leave_v give_v to_o land_n with_o all_o their_o follower_n and_o be_v most_o noble_o receive_v in_o their_o former_a lodging_n but_o yet_o be_v so_o narrow_o guard_v by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o foot-soldier_n that_o they_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o go_v into_o the_o street_n two_o day_n after_o there_o come_v a_o mandorin_n to_o they_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o viceroy_n who_o propose_v to_o they_o that_o they_o to_o obtain_v their_o end_n in_o china_n can_v not_o present_a and_o give_v to_o the_o emperor_n council_n
at_o peking_n and_o the_o governor_n at_o canton_n less_o than_o three_o hundred_o toel_n of_o silver_n but_o when_o the_o ambassador_n return_v he_o in_o answer_n that_o it_o be_v not_o their_o design_n and_o intention_n to_o buy_v the_o permission_n of_o a_o free_a trade_n in_o china_n and_o that_o it_o will_v be_v much_o better_a for_o they_o if_o their_o business_n must_v be_v buy_v out_o with_o bribe_n to_o depart_v forthwith_o out_o of_o china_n thereupon_o the_o mandorin_n depart_v from_o they_o much_o discontent_a say_v that_o he_o have_v no_o far_a order_n but_o will_v report_v back_o what_o they_o have_v declare_v and_o withal_o advise_v they_o to_o stay_v till_o they_o shall_v hear_v far_o from_o peking_n when_o now_o the_o ambassador_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o this_o heavy_a and_o unreasonable_a demand_n be_v call_v upon_o day_n after_o day_n they_o conclude_v to_o ease_v themselves_o of_o the_o continual_a clamour_n of_o these_o people_n silver_n by_o promise_v 135_o toel_n of_o silver_n but_o find_v that_o they_o demand_v interest_n for_o the_o disburse_v money_n the_o ambassador_n resolve_v to_o depart_v but_o they_o be_v prevent_v by_o order_n from_o the_o vice-roys_n who_o send_v express_v word_n that_o they_o must_v not_o go_v away_o until_o further_a advice_n be_v come_v from_o peking_n but_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n hear_v no_o far_o mention_v make_v of_o the_o interest_n give_v a_o note_n under_o their_o hand_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o 136_o toel_n of_o silver_n wherewith_o the_o vice-roys_n seem_v so_o well_o satisfy_v that_o they_o invite_v the_o ambassador_n to_o a_o most_o splendid_a feast_n upon_o the_o 19_o of_o september_n in_o a_o open_a plain_n be_v pitch_v ten_o rich_a and_o stately_a tent_n by_o order_n of_o the_o vice-roys_n a_o draught_n whereof_o you_o have_v in_o the_o adjoin_a print_n in_o the_o tent_n which_o stand_v in_o the_o middle_n sit_v both_o the_o vice-roys_n and_o the_o teutang_n next_o to_o one_o 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province_n of_o quangsi_n begin_v to_o rebel_n and_o mutiny_n against_o the_o grand_a tartar_n cham_fw-mi or_o emperor_n of_o china_n so_o that_o for_o their_o suppression_n and_o reduction_n to_o obedience_n a_o great_a army_n be_v raise_v and_o the_o command_n thereof_o give_v to_o the_o young_a viceroy_n who_o like_o a_o prudent_a and_o expert_a captain_n have_v provide_v all_o thing_n requisite_a and_o necessary_a for_o such_o a_o expedition_n and_o because_o order_n be_v give_v to_o transport_v the_o army_n by_o water_n this_o viceroy_n cause_v several_a tent_n to_o be_v pitch_v upon_o the_o margin_n of_o the_o river_n on_o purpose_n to_o accommodate_v there_o at_o a_o treatment_n the_o old_a viceroy_n and_o nobleman_n of_o the_o court_n at_o his_o farewell_n he_o ride_v to_o the_o water_n side_n be_v mount_v on_o a_o dapple-gray_a horse_n with_o his_o quiver_n of_o arrow_n fasten_v about_o his_o middle_n and_o his_o hanger_n by_o his_o side_n as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o 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for_o which_o he_o return_v thankful_a acknowledgement_n and_o so_o part_v a_o few_o day_n before_o his_o departure_n whilst_o they_o be_v make_v preparation_n for_o the_o army_n this_o viceroy_n send_v to_o his_o wizard_n sorcerer_n and_o soothsayer_n to_o who_o response_n the_o chinese_n give_v no_o small_a credit_n who_o draw_v their_o prediction_n from_o the_o configuration_n and_o position_n of_o the_o star_n and_o from_o the_o inspection_n of_o the_o entrail_n of_o fowl_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o most_o part_n astrological_o foretell_v good_a or_o bad_a success_n to_o the_o intend_a expedition_n these_o juggle_a augurer_n consult_v and_o positive_o tell_v the_o viceroy_n both_o by_o bird_n and_o malignant_a aspect_n that_o the_o whole_a undertake_n will_v be_v unfortunate_a and_o extreme_o prejudicial_a both_o to_o himself_o the_o army_n and_o the_o country_n but_o this_o young_a prince_n be_v whole_o bend_v upon_o the_o design_n to_o purchase_v himself_o immortal_a 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this_o they_o endeavour_v to_o get_v some_o dependence_n upon_o the_o tartar_n and_o ground_v their_o complaint_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n upon_o the_o misfortune_n of_o their_o renown_a family_n desire_v withal_o help_v and_o assistance_n to_o recover_v the_o same_o by_o force_n of_o arms._n the_o great_a cham_n find_v so_o many_o testimony_n and_o good_a ground_n for_o faithful_a deal_v in_o these_o prince_n that_o he_o confer_v upon_o they_o both_o great_a honour_n and_o dignity_n the_o elder_a he_o honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o pignowan_n and_o the_o other_o with_o the_o name_n of_o synowa_n which_o among_o the_o chinese_n be_v name_n of_o the_o high_a and_o chief_a office_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o such_o chief_a officer_n command_v and_o rule_n with_o the_o same_o power_n over_o some_o province_n as_o the_o vice-roys_n here_o in_o europe_n that_o these_o warlike_a prince_n have_v since_o that_o time_n sufficient_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o their_o father_n upon_o the_o chinese_n be_v very_o apparent_a in_o regard_n that_o in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n you_o may_v ride_v in_o some_o place_n for_o several_a mile_n together_o and_o not_o see_v a_o town_n or_o village_n stand_v only_o great_a heap_n of_o stone_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o many_o place_n which_o have_v be_v former_o very_o famous_a for_o trade_n in_o the_o withdrawing-room_n where_o the_o ambassador_n dine_v be_v a_o window_n on_o purpose_n to_o which_o the_o mother_n of_o the_o young_a viceroy_n often_o resort_v to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o company_n she_o be_v very_o neat_o and_o rich_o dress_v after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n middle_a size_v slender_a of_o a_o brown_a complexion_n of_o a_o please_a and_o take_v countenance_n at_o our_o entrance_n before_o we_o sit_v down_o we_o find_v stand_v a_o very_a rich_a paint_a chair_n which_o be_v appoint_v for_o her_o majesty_n to_o which_o in_o honour_n of_o this_o great_a lady_n we_o humble_o pay_v our_o respect_n dinner_n be_v end_v and_o the_o compliment_n perform_v they_o take_v horse_n and_o return_v to_o their_o lodging_n we_o depart_v upon_o the_o 17._o of_o march_n with_o all_o our_o train_n from_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n and_o be_v row_v up_o the_o river_n of_o tai_n close_o to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o city_n which_o show_v a_o most_o delightful_a prospect_n upon_o the_o water_n the_o small_a town_n which_o be_v very_o numerous_a in_o peking_n and_o canton_n signify_v our_o kind_a reception_n by_o the_o thunder_a voice_n of_o their_o cannon_n as_o we_o pass_v by_o have_v sail_v and_o row_v several_a reaches_n of_o this_o broad_a and_o spacious_a river_n we_o at_o last_o leave_v the_o channel_n and_o strike_v into_o another_o a_o arm_n of_o this_o great_a one_o that_o disembogue_n itself_o into_o the_o same_o towards_o the_o north._n the_o chineses_n call_v this_o branch_n zin_n but_o those_o of_o europe_n the_o european_a stream_n we_o make_v so_o much_o speed_v that_o day_n that_o 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and_o be_v surround_v on_o the_o land_n side_n with_o delightful_a pasture_n and_o hill_n it_o be_v not_o very_o large_a but_o be_v former_o exceed_v populous_a and_o full_a of_o trade_n we_o get_v thus_o far_o sometime_o with_o row_v sail_v and_o tow_v against_o the_o stream_n which_o have_v so_o tire_v the_o chinese_n who_o be_v put_v to_o this_o slavish_a labour_n that_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o stay_v by_o the_o way_n till_o they_o have_v rest_v and_o refresh_v themselves_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o place_n cause_v the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n to_o be_v guard_v with_o two_o foot-company_n to_o welcome_a and_o receive_v the_o ambassador_n with_o the_o more_o state_n they_o send_v likewise_o a_o few_o present_n for_o the_o ambassador_n table_n but_o they_o understand_v it_o be_v all_o upon_o the_o emperor_n account_n and_o by_o his_o order_n who_o allow_v ten_o time_n more_o than_o what_o they_o send_v think_v good_a to_o refuse_v their_o civility_n both_o here_o and_o in_o 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safety_n and_o for_o the_o great_a splendour_n have_v conduct_v we_o thus_o far_o take_v leave_v and_o go_v back_o for_o canton_n but_o be_v most_o noble_o treat_v by_o the_o ambassador_n the_o night_n before_o we_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n make_v all_o thing_n ready_a and_o set_v sail_n again_o with_o fair_a wind_n and_o wether_n but_o be_v force_v to_o be_v tow_v up_o the_o river_n be_v against_o the_o stream_n and_o narrow_a into_o which_o fall_v several_a torrent_n from_o the_o adjacent_a hill_n so_o that_o we_o go_v but_o very_o slow_o and_o that_o with_o great_a labour_n and_o trouble_v which_o these_o poor_a creature_n be_v fain_o to_o undergo_v here_o we_o see_v into_o what_o a_o miserable_a condition_n the_o chineses_n be_v reduce_v by_o the_o last_o war_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o put_v they_o upon_o this_o slavish_a labour_n of_o tow_v and_o row_v their_o boat_n use_v they_o worse_o than_o beast_n at_o their_o pleasure_n without_o any_o exception_n of_o person_n either_o 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whole_a country_n never_o deal_v so_o barbarous_o by_o those_o who_o they_o conquer_v as_o these_o unmerciful_a tartar_n who_o by_o their_o cruel_a usage_n in_o this_o last_o invasion_n have_v not_o only_o lay_v waste_n abundance_n of_o noble_a city_n town_n and_o village_n which_o be_v now_o place_n for_o bird_n and_o beast_n to_o roost_v in_o but_o they_o have_v likewise_o make_v slave_n of_o the_o best_a of_o the_o native_n upon_o the_o 21._o of_o march_n about_o midnight_n we_o come_v with_o all_o our_o train_n to_o sanyvum_fw-la the_o magistrate_n of_o this_o place_n meet_v we_o on_o the_o way_n and_o with_o their_o respective_a salute_v present_v we_o for_o the_o table_n which_o for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a be_v not_o accept_v this_o place_n be_v not_o very_o large_a lie_v about_o forty_o mile_n distant_a from_o xanxui_fw-la and_o be_v former_o for_o its_o situation_n potent_a and_o populous_a but_o in_o this_o last_o war_n whole_o ruin_v by_o the_o tartar_n who_o give_v 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china_n but_o none_o be_v to_o be_v compare_v with_o this_o of_o sangwonhab_n in_o regard_n of_o its_o stuation_n and_o extraordinary_a height_n near_o to_o xunte_v 〈◊〉_d second_o small_a city_n of_o canton_n lie_v a_o mountain_n call_v lungnien_n from_o wheâ—e_n run_v a_o torrent_n as_o clear_a as_o crystal_n upon_o this_o mountain_n be_v find_v certain_a rough_a stone_n of_o strange_a and_o wonderful_a shape_n which_o the_o chineses_n make_v use_n of_o in_o their_o way_n of_o trade_n near_o to_o tangnon_n the_o three_o small_a city_n of_o canton_n lie_v the_o mountain_n tahi_n upon_o the_o east-side_n where_o lie_v 36_o small_a island_n near_o to_o this_o city_n likewise_o lie_v the_o mountain_n heuteu_n which_o serve_v such_o skipper_n as_o be_v bind_v for_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n for_o a_o landmark_n near_o to_o cingyven_v the_o seven_o small_a city_n of_o canton_n lie_v a_o great_a mountain_n call_v talo_fw-la which_o be_v surround_v with_o steep_a and_o sharp_a top_n among_o which_o lie_v rich_a and_o pleasant_a meadow_n where_o dwell_v several_a wild_a and_o uncivilise_v people_n who_o oftentimes_o make_v inroad_n upon_o the_o adjacent_a place_n to_o steal_v what_o they_o can_v these_o wild_a and_o irregular_a people_n live_v according_a to_o their_o own_o law_n without_o any_o subjection_n to_o the_o chinese_n near_o to_o the_o six_o small_a city_n of_o canton_n lie_v a_o mountain_n call_v yaimuen_o from_o this_o mountain_n the_o last_o emperor_n of_o the_o race_n of_o sunga_n after_o that_o the_o tartar_n have_v conquer_a he_o and_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o the_o country_n fling_v himself_o headlong_o out_o of_o despair_n into_o the_o sea_n we_o be_v three_o day_n hover_v up_o and_o down_o before_o we_o can_v get_v from_o among_o these_o strange_a and_o solitary_a mountain_n and_o see_v in_o all_o that_o time_n but_o one_o poor_a village_n call_v quantonlow_n which_o lie_v so_o lonely_a that_o it_o be_v strange_a how_o any_o people_n dare_v live_v in_o it_o in_o some_o place_n of_o this_o island_n between_o the_o hill_n which_o be_v very_o remarkable_a lie_v several_a pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a cornfield_n upon_o the_o 24._o of_o march_n we_o come_v to_o a_o certain_a small_a city_n call_v yntag_n the_o six_o small_a city_n of_o the_o second_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n here_o we_o be_v necessitate_v to_o let_v fall_v our_o anchor_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o violent_a stream_n and_o the_o great_a torrent_n which_o fall_v from_o the_o hill_n for_o those_o that_o tow_v the_o the_o boat_n be_v quite_o spend_v we_o be_v force_v to_o give_v they_o some_o rest_n to_o recover_v their_o strength_n again_o this_o violent_a and_o strong_a stream_n have_v drive_v the_o vessel_n of_o the_o ambassador_n against_o a_o blind_a rock_n which_o do_v very_o much_o endanger_v the_o loss_n both_o of_o ship_n and_o good_n this_o small_a city_n lie_v very_o pleasant_a upon_o a_o corner_n of_o the_o river_n on_o the_o right_a side_n over_o against_o the_o mountain_n sangwonhab_n it_o be_v fortify_v with_o high_a and_o indifferent_a strong_a wall_n and_o beautify_v with_o stately_a house_n and_o magnificent_a idol_n temple_n surround_v with_o pleasant_a hill_n delightful_a in_o prospect_n the_o suburb_n well_o and_o sufficient_a it_o be_v former_o very_o rich_a and_o populous_a and_o be_v provide_v with_o a_o safe_a harbour_n for_o vessel_n against_o the_o impetuous_a current_n of_o this_o river_n which_o be_v a_o great_a protection_n to_o they_o in_o stormy_a wether_n pass_v up_o and_o down_o at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o harbour_n on_o the_o right_a side_n appear_v a_o very_a high_a tower_n build_v with_o great_a curiosity_n the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 25._o of_o march_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o that_o wonderful_a and_o strange_a idol_n temple_n call_v koniansiam_fw-la which_o the_o chineses_n hold_v in_o great_a veneration_n bring_v as_o rich_a and_o fat_a offering_n thither_o as_o to_o that_o of_o sangwonhab_n it_o lie_v on_o the_o river_n side_n in_o a_o solitary_a wild_a and_o mountainous_a country_n your_o first_o approach_n conduct_v you_o up_o with_o convenient_a stone_n step_v after_o you_o make_v your_o way_n through_o blind_a path_n and_o cavernous_a pass_n force_v with_o much_o art_n and_o industry_n these_o idolater_n believe_v as_o the_o ancient_a heathen_a that_o grove_n and_o high_a place_n be_v most_o venerable_a mansion_n and_o yield_v a_o more_o reverential_a awe_n to_o their_o god_n and_o less_o discover_v under_o a_o shade_n their_o priest_n juggle_v imposture_n we_o continue_v here_o a_o while_n with_o all_o our_o fleet_n till_o the_o native_n have_v perform_v their_o devotion_n at_o this_o temple_n which_o afterward_o our_o ambassador_n visit_v it_o be_v incredible_a to_o relate_v with_o how_o much_o superstitious_a zeal_n want_v our_o true_a light_n they_o pour_v forth_o there_o their_o
ejaculation_n and_o as_o free_o their_o bounty_n offer_v prodigal_o their_o country_n product_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n bird_n and_o beast_n upon_o the_o 27._o of_o march_n in_o the_o evening_n we_o land_a at_o a_o place_n call_v by_o the_o chinese_n mongley_n with_o a_o most_o pleasant_a prospect_n at_o a_o distance_n and_o accommodate_v with_o stately_a soon_o step_v convey_v you_o from_o the_o waterside_n to_o the_o gate_n enter_v the_o city_n which_o be_v vest_v with_o high_a wall_n and_o fortify_v with_o tall_a bulwark_n and_o watch-tower_n it_o be_v wondrous_a pleasant_a to_o view_v from_o the_o battlement_n of_o this_o city_n the_o adjacent_a country_n thick_o shroud_v with_o delightful_a wood_n and_o mantling_n pasture_n in_o regard_v our_o drudge_n be_v quite_o tire_v out_o with_o tow_v their_o boat_n against_o the_o impetuous_a stream_n we_o get_v fresh_a yoke-man_n from_o hence_o but_o we_o be_v no_o soon_o under_o sail_n but_o the_o ambassador_n vessel_n run_v against_o a_o blind_a rock_n under_o water_n which_o have_v like_a to_o have_v endanger_v the_o loss_n both_o of_o ship_n and_o good_n the_o next_o day_n have_v pass_v some_o village_n we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n in_o pleasant_a ride_v where_o the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n treat_v we_o with_o their_o beloved_a the._n it_o be_v upon_o the_o 29._o of_o march_n when_o we_o come_v with_o the_o remainder_n of_o our_o fleet_n before_o the_o second_o chief_a city_n of_o xaocheu_fw-la this_o city_n lie_v about_o thirty_o mile_n from_o yntag_n upon_o a_o angle_n near_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n in_o regard_n of_o its_o situation_n and_o safe_a harbour_n of_o ship_n they_o have_v a_o very_a great_a trade_n by_o navigation_n towards_o the_o south_n this_o river_n have_v several_a name_n and_o be_v call_v scian_n and_o sometime_o scio_fw-la and_o have_v its_o source_n out_o of_o the_o river_n chin_n and_o valerio_n which_o both_o run_v into_o one_o not_o far_o from_o this_o city_n the_o place_n where_o these_o two_o water_n meet_v be_v well_o know_v by_o the_o chinese_n skipper_n to_o their_o sorrow_n because_o of_o the_o impetuous_a violence_n of_o the_o stream_n and_o the_o many_o blind_a rock_n which_o skulk_v under_o water_n on_o which_o in_o stress_n of_o wether_n they_o often_o suffer_v shipwreck_n the_o chineses_n to_o avoid_v this_o danger_n according_a to_o their_o custom_n have_v build_v here_o a_o idol_n temple_n by_o the_o waterside_n which_o be_v always_o first_o visit_v by_o such_o as_o intend_v to_o pass_v this_o way_n where_o they_o offer_v what_o they_o have_v to_o be_v protect_v in_o their_o voyage_n by_o the_o indulgence_n of_o this_o their_o favour_a god_n the_o city_n lie_v surround_v on_o one_o side_n with_o high_a and_o delightful_a hill_n and_o on_o the_o east_n side_n over_o the_o water_n have_v a_o suburb_n which_o be_v very_o populous_a rich_a and_o well_o build_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o water_n stand_v a_o tower_n artificial_o build_v upon_o a_o small_a rock_n according_a to_o the_o old_a fashion_n of_o the_o chinese_n that_o this_o be_v former_o a_o noble_a city_n full_a of_o stately_a building_n the_o many_o great_a ruin_n signify_v there_o yet_o remain_v a_o indifferent_a wall_n about_o it_o but_o within_o nothing_o but_o ruin_n and_o a_o heap_n of_o stone_n we_o pitch_v our_o tent_n near_o unto_o the_o wall_n where_o we_o have_v a_o fair_a reception_n by_o the_o magistrate_n and_o governor_n who_o bring_v several_a present_n for_o the_o ambassador_n table_n which_o be_v accept_v by_o the_o ambassador_n be_v not_o put_v upon_o the_o emperor_n account_n after_o they_o have_v salute_v each_o other_o and_o discourse_v of_o several_a affair_n they_o be_v most_o noble_o receive_v by_o the_o ambassador_n who_o treat_v they_o with_o so_o much_o respect_n that_o they_o be_v high_o please_v and_o promise_v to_o requite_v their_o kindness_n upon_o all_o occasion_n which_o do_v they_o take_v leave_v and_o return_v again_o to_o the_o city_n in_o the_o morning_n early_o we_o weigh_v from_o thence_o and_o have_v not_o long_o be_v under_o sail_n but_o we_o draw_v near_o a_o mountain_n which_o the_o tartar_n for_o its_o strange_a shape_n and_o form_n call_v five_o horse_n head_n upon_o the_o pinnacle_n of_o these_o hill_n which_o be_v envelop_v with_o cloud_n we_o see_v here_o and_o there_o several_a strange_a as_o well_o small_a as_o great_a edifice_n stand_v some_o of_o they_o be_v entire_a other_o decay_v and_o ruinous_a build_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n but_o that_o which_o seem_v most_o remarkable_a be_v the_o situation_n of_o those_o building_n which_o be_v erect_v upon_o such_o high_a and_o steep_a place_n altogether_o inaccessible_a that_o none_o can_v imagine_v a_o possible_a way_n for_o these_o people_n to_o carry_v up_o their_o material_n we_o be_v very_o desirous_a to_o have_v have_v a_o near_a view_n of_o these_o house_n and_o inhabitant_n there_o but_o we_o find_v by_o experience_n after_o some_o small_a trial_n of_o clamber_v up_o that_o our_o attempt_n be_v in_o vain_a we_o be_v no_o soon_o pass_v this_o mountain_n of_o the_o five_o horse_n head_n but_o we_o fall_v among_o other_o rock_n and_o steep_a ascent_n which_o we_o make_v a_o shift_n to_o escape_v though_o with_o great_a danger_n the_o river_n be_v full_a of_o lurk_v split_v ship_n lie_v under_o water_n therefore_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v these_o rock_n the_o five_o ugly_a devil_n at_o last_o we_o get_v safe_a to_o the_o last_o country_n of_o suytjeen_n where_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o five_o horse_n head_n show_v itself_o very_o wonderful_o to_o the_o eye_n at_o a_o distance_n but_o much_o more_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n of_o suytjeen_n which_o stand_v in_o such_o order_n upon_o the_o river_n as_o if_o art_n and_o not_o nature_n have_v place_v they_o there_o among_o these_o mountain_n lie_v several_a pleasant_a vale_n in_o most_o delightful_a prospect_n be_v well_o replenish_v with_o fruit-tree_n and_o herbage_n upon_o the_o four_o of_o april_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o namhun_n the_o three_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o province_n and_o immediate_o go_v ashore_o this_o metropolis_n lie_v about_o forty_o mile_n from_o xaocheu_o and_o be_v the_o outward_a frontier_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n which_o we_o have_v thus_o traverse_v from_o south_n to_o north._n the_o governor_n and_o magistrate_n of_o this_o city_n have_v notice_n of_o the_o come_n of_o the_o ambassador_n send_v a_o letter_n full_a of_o compliment_n to_o assure_v they_o of_o a_o cordial_a welcome_a not_o long_o after_o they_o address_v themselves_o in_o person_n who_o after_o that_o the_o ceremony_n of_o compliment_n have_v be_v reciprocal_o return_v earnest_o desire_v of_o the_o governor_n and_o magistrate_n that_o good_a order_n may_v be_v give_v for_o the_o speedy_a further_a of_o their_o journey_n to_o peking_n which_o they_o promise_v shall_v be_v do_v the_o ambassador_n to_o requite_v their_o civility_n treat_v they_o noble_o for_o which_o they_o return_v their_o thanks_o and_o have_v take_v their_o leave_n go_v back_o in_o the_o evening_n to_o the_o city_n the_o next_o day_n the_o ambassador_n city_n with_o all_o their_o follower_n be_v invite_v by_o the_o governor_n to_o a_o most_o splendid_a dinner_n who_o send_v they_o his_o gentleman_n to_o meet_v they_o at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n and_o conduct_v they_o to_o his_o house_n where_o he_o wait_v their_o come_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o magistrate_n and_o some_o of_o the_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o army_n the_o entertainment_n be_v every_o way_n answerable_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n as_o well_o of_o the_o guest_n as_o the_o inviter_n the_o governor_n and_o the_o magistrate_n sit_v all_o at_o one_o side_n of_o the_o table_n that_o the_o sewer_n may_v the_o better_o remove_v the_o dish_n and_o charger_n without_o any_o disturbance_n to_o the_o company_n which_o be_v not_o serve_v up_o all_o at_o once_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o chinese_n but_o only_o two_o at_o a_o course_n which_o be_v the_o single_a allowance_n for_o one_o person_n and_o when_o the_o steward_n who_o wait_v always_o at_o the_o governor_n elbow_n have_v give_v the_o word_n every_o one_o fall_v to_o what_o he_o most_o fancy_a and_o when_o he_o observe_v a_o cessation_n at_o the_o first_o course_n he_o make_v a_o sign_n and_o immediate_o the_o dish_n be_v shift_v which_o be_v do_v at_o least_o sixteen_o time_n observe_v the_o same_o order_n as_o at_o first_o during_o the_o feast_n there_o be_v both_o vocal_a and_o instrumental_a music_n the_o better_a to_o entertain_v the_o invite_v to_o their_o satisfaction_n a_o little_a before_o the_o banquet_n be_v bring_v in_o they_o arise_v and_o recreate_v themselves_o in_o the_o garden_n till_o the_o dish_n be_v place_v and_o then_o
they_o return_v and_o sit_v down_o as_o before_o and_o when_o all_o be_v take_v away_o every_o one_o draw_v out_o a_o piece_n of_o money_n which_o together_o be_v to_o be_v divide_v among_o the_o musician_n and_o attendant_n this_o collection_n or_o gather_v they_o lay_v at_o the_o governor_n foot_n to_o be_v by_o he_o dispose_v of_o the_o ambassador_n likewise_o present_v they_o with_o six_o toel_n of_o silver_n and_o some_o silk-stuffs_a which_o the_o governor_n at_o first_o refuse_v but_o at_o last_o at_o their_o entreaty_n accept_v it_o this_o city_n of_o namhun_n be_v very_o large_a well_o situate_v and_o fortify_v with_o wall_n and_o bulwark_n and_o divide_v by_o the_o river_n over_o which_o be_v a_o bridge_n for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o passage_n from_o one_o part_n to_o another_o it_o be_v also_o full_a of_o idol-temple_n and_o brave_a structure_n we_o see_v here_o several_a house_n who_o door_n be_v inscribe_v with_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o name_n of_o our_o saviour_n here_o be_v also_o the_o emperor_n be_v custom-house_n where_o they_o receive_v his_o due_n for_o all_o good_n export_v or_o import_v their_o bill_n of_o lade_n be_v usual_o accept_v on_o their_o word_n save_v the_o double_a diligence_n and_o charge_n of_o searcher_n and_o discompose_v their_o good_n as_o in_o europe_n there_o be_v no_o better_a mould_n in_o all_o china_n for_o the_o make_n of_o any_o earthen_a ware_n than_o be_v about_o this_o city_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o be_v a_o river_n by_o the_o chineses_n call_v mekiang_n which_o signify_v ink-water_n who_o blackness_n it_o much_o resemble_v the_o chineses_n much_o esteem_n of_o the_o fish_n take_v in_o this_o river_n which_o be_v common_o very_o white_a consider_v the_o darkness_n of_o the_o water_n it_o be_v very_o troublesome_a travel_v by_o land_n in_o those_o part_n because_o of_o the_o high_a hill_n and_o rugged_a ascent_n but_o the_o most_o troublesome_a mountain_n of_o all_o to_o travel_v over_o be_v that_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v muglin_n which_o one_o of_o the_o governor_n level_v at_o his_o own_o charge_n and_o be_v now_o very_o passable_a either_o for_o horse_n or_o foot_n for_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n erect_v to_o his_o honour_n a_o stately_a temple_n present_v rich_a offering_n and_o costly_a perfume_n to_o the_o idol_n there_o reside_v we_o be_v four_o day_n prepare_v for_o our_o journey_n from_o namhun_v to_o nangan_n because_o of_o the_o troublesome_a and_o almost_o inaccessible_a mountain_n at_o last_o have_v get_v all_o thing_n ready_a we_o set_v forward_o upon_o the_o eight_o instant_a with_o some_o of_o the_o emperor_n present_n but_o before_o we_o begin_v our_o journey_n we_o send_v the_o mandorin_n of_o the_o young_a viceroy_n of_o canton_n before_o to_o provide_v lodging_n and_o other_o necessary_n at_o nangan_n for_o their_o further_a journey_n and_o some_o of_o their_o follower_n be_v order_v to_o stay_v till_o next_o day_n to_o look_v to_o such_o good_n as_o can_v not_o be_v carry_v the_o day_n before_o with_o the_o ambassador_n there_o be_v likewise_o order_v give_v that_o each_o carriage_n shall_v have_v a_o yellow_a flag_n with_o the_o emperor_n and_o ambassador_n name_n write_v upon_o they_o to_o save_v stranger_n inquisition_n and_o for_o their_o great_a ease_n and_o accommodation_n they_o be_v carry_v over_o the_o mountain_n in_o horse-litter_n and_o in_o regard_n the_o way_n be_v dangerous_a and_o much_o molest_v with_o robber_n and_o highwayman_n the_o governor_n appoint_v they_o a_o lifeguard_n of_o 150_o horse_n to_o conduct_v they_o safe_a over_o the_o mountain_n so_o that_o what_o with_o those_o that_o carry_v the_o good_n and_o this_o guard_n we_o make_v a_o regiment_n of_o at_o least_o 600._o the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o nine_o such_o as_o be_v leave_v behind_o at_o namhun_v set_v also_o forward_o the_o ambassador_n lodge_v upon_o these_o mountain_n in_o a_o village_n call_v susan_n about_o half_a way_n over_o but_o find_v no_o body_n in_o the_o place_n except_o a_o officer_n with_o some_o soldier_n that_o keep_v watch_n there_o who_o can_v hardly_o furnish_v we_o with_o a_o little_a rice_n hogs-flesh_n and_o strong_a drink_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v forsake_v their_o house_n fright_v by_o the_o hollander_n the_o next_o day_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n they_o take_v horse_n and_o ride_v from_o thence_o and_o about_o noon_n come_v to_o that_o strange_a and_o narrow_a mountain_n which_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n and_o kiangsi_n and_o separate_v both_o these_o province_n from_o each_o other_o upon_o this_o mountain_n we_o see_v several_a fair_a idol-temple_n very_o curious_o build_v this_o mountain_n though_o no_o better_a than_o a_o wilderness_n yet_o be_v very_o delightful_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o variety_n of_o wood_n and_o valley_n we_o make_v so_o much_o haste_v that_o day_n that_o we_o get_v by_o night_n to_o nangan_n the_o thirteen_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o eight_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v i_o shall_v relate_v unto_o you_o the_o number_n of_o the_o great_a and_o small_a city_n and_o the_o conâ—dition_n quality_n and_o humour_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o southeast_n this_o province_n have_v for_o frontier_n the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n and_o foke_v south_n and_o south-west_n quantung_v and_o quangsi_n towards_o the_o west_n fukang_v and_o towards_o the_o north_n nank_v towards_o the_o south_n appear_v in_o this_o province_n mighty_a broad_a and_o high_a hill_n for_o the_o mountain_n of_o three_o province_n as_o kiangsi_n quantung_n and_o fokien_n join_v and_o meet_v all_o in_o one_o here_o and_o upon_o these_o mountain_n live_v a_o wild_a and_o barbarous_a sort_n of_o people_n who_o maintain_v themselves_o most_o by_o plunder_v and_o steal_v from_o the_o chinese_n this_o part_n be_v full_a of_o gold_n silver_n lead_v iron_n and_o tin-mine_n and_o environ_v with_o very_o steep_a mountain_n replenish_v with_o several_a lake_n and_o run_a river_n it_o be_v a_o very_a fruitful_a soil_n and_o exceed_v populous_a insomuch_o that_o the_o province_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o contain_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o therefore_o many_o of_o they_o leave_v their_o native_a country_n and_o for_o want_v of_o convenient_a dwelling-place_n seat_v themselves_o in_o other_o part_n of_o china_n where_o they_o use_v some_o mean_a handicraft_n trade_n or_o else_o turn_v soothsayer_n or_o juggler_n to_o which_o they_o be_v natural_o much_o addict_v they_o be_v general_o possess_v with_o a_o belief_n of_o the_o pythagorean_n doctrine_n of_o the_o transmigration_n of_o soul_n for_o they_o hold_v it_o a_o mortal_a sin_n to_o kill_v any_o live_a creature_n or_o to_o eat_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v dead_a in_o this_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n be_v thirteen_o chief_a city_n which_o command_v over_o 67_o small_a one_o and_o through_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o from_o south_n to_o north_n run_v the_o river_n can_v from_o whence_o spring_n several_a navigable_a stream_n so_o that_o you_o may_v take_v ship_n from_o or_o to_o any_o part_n thereof_o the_o thirteen_o principal_a city_n be_v these_o nanchang_n jaocheu_o quanglin_n nankang_v kienkiang_n kienchang_n vucheu_o linkiang_n kiegan_n xuicheu_o juencheu_o cancheu_o and_o nangan_n 1._o nanchang_n command_v over_o seven_o less_o or_o inferior_a city_n as_o nanchang_n fungch_v cinhien_n fungcin_n cinggan_n ning_n and_o nune_v 2._o jaocheu_o command_n also_o over_o seven_o city_n as_o jaocheu_o yukan_n lope_v feuleang_v tehing_n gangin_n and_o vannien_n 3._o quanglin_n command_v likewise_o over_o seven_o city_n as_o quanglin_n joxan_n jeyang_n queiki_n jenxan_n junfung_a and_o hinggan_n 4._o nankang_fw-mi command_v over_o four_o city_n as_o nankang_v tuchang_n kienchang_n and_o gany_n 5._o kieukiang_n command_v over_o five_o city_n as_o kieukiang_n tegan_n xuichang_n hukeu_o and_o pengce_n 6._o kienchang_n command_v also_o over_o five_o city_n as_o kienchang_n sinch_v nanfung_a quanchang_n and_o luki_n 7._o vucheu_o command_v over_o six_o city_n as_o vucheu_o cunggin_n kinki_n yhoang_v logan_n and_o tunghiang_n 8._o linkiang_n command_v over_o four_o city_n as_o linkiang_n sinkin_n sinjin_n and_o hiakiang_n 9_o kiegan_n command_v over_o nine_o city_n as_o kiegan_v taiho_n kiexui_n jungfung_a ganfo_n lungcve_v vangan_n jungsin_n and_o jungn_v 10._o xuicheu_o command_v over_o three_o city_n as_o xuicheu_o xangcao_n and_o sincuang_n 11._o juencheu_o command_v over_o four_o city_n as_o juencheu_o fueny_v pinghiang_n and_o vancai_n 19_o chancheu_o command_v over_o twelve_o city_n as_o chancheu_o utu_fw-la sinfung_a hingque_fw-la hoeichang_n ganynen_n ningtu_fw-la xuikin_n lingnan_n xech_v changn_v and_o tingnan_n 13._o nangan_n command_v over_o four_o city_n as_o nangan_n nankang_v xangyen_n and_o cungy_a according_a to_o the_o chinese_n account_v there_o be_v in_o this_o province_n 1363629_o family_n and_o 6549500_o fight_a men._n thus_o much_o
concern_v the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n and_o the_o number_n of_o the_o great_a and_o small_a city_n i_o shall_v now_o relate_v what_o happen_v in_o our_o travel_n through_o this_o province_n to_o that_o of_o nank_v no_o soon_o be_v the_o ambassador_n arrive_v at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o nangan_n but_o a_o gentleman_n be_v immediate_o dispatch_v to_o compliment_v they_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o magistrate_n and_o conduct_v they_o to_o those_o lodging_n which_o be_v provide_v for_o they_o a_o while_n after_o come_v the_o governor_n himself_o with_o some_o other_o person_n of_o great_a quality_n who_o after_o civility_n interchange_v fall_v into_o some_o discourse_n of_o small_a importance_n and_o have_v thus_o spend_v a_o hour_n they_o take_v their_o leaf_n and_o depart_v send_v a_o handsome_a treatment_n that_o night_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o city_n afterward_o come_v to_o we_o two_o tartar_a gentleman_n who_o be_v new_o arrive_v there_o from_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o after_o they_o have_v salute_v the_o ambassador_n they_o tell_v they_o that_o they_o be_v send_v to_o congratulate_v the_o vice-roys_n of_o canton_n upon_o their_o victory_n obtain_v the_o last_o year_n against_o the_o chinese_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n they_o than_o take_v their_o leaf_n and_o depart_v seem_v much_o to_o admire_v the_o large_a and_o tall_a stature_n of_o the_o hollander_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v come_v from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n to_o salute_v their_o emperor_n add_v withal_o that_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n expect_v they_o with_o great_a impatience_n during_o our_o abode_n here_o we_o be_v often_o visit_v and_o receive_v the_o friendly_a salutation_n of_o the_o best_a and_o chief_a of_o the_o city_n the_o ambassador_n be_v here_o very_o much_o trouble_v to_o procure_v vessel_n to_o carry_v they_o to_o nank_v for_o though_o they_o do_v earnest_o insist_v to_o prosecute_v and_o hasten_v their_o journey_n yet_o the_o commissioner_n appoint_v to_o furnish_v they_o with_o boat_n can_v not_o get_v they_o ready_a so_o soon_o as_o he_o desire_v whereupon_o the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n rate_v he_o with_o such_o bitter_a expression_n that_o take_v it_o to_o heart_n he_o draw_v his_o knife_n and_o will_v certain_o have_v stab_v himself_o have_v he_o not_o be_v prevent_v by_o one_o of_o the_o mandorin_n servant_n the_o country_n about_o this_o city_n which_o be_v the_o far_a city_n of_o this_o province_n be_v very_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a surround_v with_o hill_n and_o mountain_n which_o serve_v for_o a_o fence_n to_o guard_n the_o country_n one_o of_o these_o mountain_n far_o exceed_v the_o rest_n for_o delightfulness_n be_v call_v sihoa_n which_o signify_v a_o place_n of_o pleasure_n this_o city_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o equal_a part_n by_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o river_n change_v which_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o stream_n cause_v great_a trade_n there_o for_o all_o the_o good_n and_o merchandise_n which_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o china_n and_o carry_v to_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n or_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o other_o place_n of_o trade_n which_o lie_v high_o up_o in_o the_o country_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n unlade_v in_o this_o city_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v carry_v to_o other_o part_n by_o land_n or_o water_n the_o south_n part_n of_o this_o city_n be_v close_o build_v with_o several_a goodly_a house_n and_o be_v full_a of_o commerce_n and_o people_n on_o the_o north_n side_n stand_v a_o idol-temple_n very_o curious_o build_v and_o so_o rich_o adorn_v that_o a_o second_o dedalus_n may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v show_v his_o art_n in_o the_o contrivance_n of_o this_o edifice_n however_o in_o bigness_n and_o strength_n this_o city_n stand_v not_o in_o competition_n with_o that_o of_o nanhung_a although_o the_o tartar_n in_o their_o last_o invasion_n be_v more_o favourable_a to_o this_o than_o to_o the_o other_o for_o in_o nangan_n they_o forbear_v to_o destroy_v such_o fabric_n as_o be_v of_o any_o note_n but_o in_o nanhung_a all_o be_v ruin_v beside_o the_o great_a commerce_n and_o traffic_n which_o have_v be_v of_o late_a year_n drive_v here_o have_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o enrich_v the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o who_o have_v continual_o contribute_v towards_o the_o re-edify_n of_o this_o city_n after_o four_o day_n abide_v in_o this_o city_n the_o ambassador_n embark_v themselves_o with_o all_o their_o follower_n to_o pursue_v their_o voyage_n to_o peking_n from_o the_o city_n of_o canton_n to_o nanhung_a we_o be_v tow_v all_o the_o way_n against_o the_o stream_n by_o track-man_n not_o without_o great_a danger_n of_o shipwreck_n by_o reason_n of_o many_o rock_n that_o lie_v hide_v under_o water_n but_o now_o we_o be_v carry_v down_o with_o the_o stream_n though_o yet_o not_o without_o great_a labour_n and_o danger_n of_o often_o lose_v both_o ship_n and_o good_n the_o river_n can_n run_v here_o as_o swift_a as_o a_o arrow_n from_o the_o bow_n and_o be_v full_a of_o bank_n sands_n and_o shoal_n which_o require_v much_o care_n and_o experience_n in_o the_o mariner_n it_o happen_v in_o this_o passage_n among_o other_o accident_n that_o the_o bark_n in_o which_o jacob_n the_o keizer_n one_o of_o the_o ambassador_n have_v embark_v himself_o with_o the_o present_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n fall_v into_o a_o whirl-pool_n and_o turn_v and_o wind_v among_o unsteady_a eddy_n drive_v at_o last_o on_o a_o hide_a sand_n where_o she_o stick_v fast_o and_o can_v not_o be_v get_v off_o until_o they_o have_v unlade_v she_o they_o than_o perceive_v that_o she_o have_v two_o great_a leak_n in_o her_o hull_n which_o they_o make_v shift_v to_o stop_v put_v the_o good_n aboard_o again_o and_o so_o we_o proceed_v on_o our_o journey_n the_o mandorin_n command_v the_o watermen_n to_o be_v severe_o lash_v with_o a_o thick_a leather_n whip_v and_o the_o master_n himself_o have_v not_o escape_v the_o same_o punishment_n for_o his_o neglect_n if_o the_o ambassador_n have_v not_o intercede_v for_o he_o the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 14._o of_o april_n we_o pass_v by_o the_o second_o small_a city_n call_v nankang_v but_o do_v not_o land_n as_o we_o go_v but_o in_o our_o return_n put_v ashore_o this_o nankang_n lie_v upon_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o river_n change_v it_o be_v build_v foursquare_a be_v invest_v with_o a_o strong_a wall_n twenty_o five_o foot_n high_a and_o be_v former_o rich_a and_o famous_a for_o commerce_n it_o have_v four_o gate_n each_o about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n distant_a one_o from_o another_o this_o city_n be_v total_o subvert_v by_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o last_o war._n on_o the_o river_n side_n stand_v a_o strong_a high_a tower_n the_o structure_n well_o build_v at_o our_o return_n we_o lie_v with_o our_o vessel_n before_o nammon_n which_o signify_v the_o south-gate_n from_o whence_o a_o street_n lead_v to_o the_o house_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o street_n stand_v a_o chinese_n triumphal_a arch_n a_o elaborate_a piece_n which_o the_o tartar_n leave_v without_o any_o demolishment_n at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o street_n be_v the_o marketplace_n to_o which_o be_v bring_v daily_o all_o manner_n of_o provision_n as_o flesh_n fish_n and_o fruit_n of_o all_o sort_n in_o great_a abundance_n upon_o the_o 15._o we_o come_v to_o cancheu_o the_o twelve_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n where_o we_o take_v up_o our_o lodging_n for_o that_o night_n and_o be_v visit_v aboard_o our_o vessel_n by_o some_o great_a mandorin_n who_o welcome_v we_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o magistrate_n after_o which_o the_o ambassador_n address_v themselves_o to_o the_o great_a tutang_n of_o this_o city_n return_v he_o the_o like_a complimental_a civility_n who_o receive_v they_o with_o singular_a courtesy_n and_o seem_v affection_n and_o conduct_v they_o into_o his_o private_a apartment_n where_o he_o place_v they_o on_o his_o right_a hand_n then_o he_o ask_v they_o several_a question_n concern_v the_o constitution_n of_o holland_n viz._n of_o how_o many_o province_n it_o consist_v and_o how_o remote_a from_o portugal_n how_o long_o their_o present_a government_n have_v be_v establish_v when_o that_o power_n begin_v whether_o they_o be_v all_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o religion_n and_o whether_o they_o use_v bead_n in_o their_o ejaculation_n after_o the_o portugese_n manner_n to_o each_o of_o which_o particular_n the_o ambassador_n return_v they_o a_o brief_a and_o satisfactory_a answer_n by_o these_o question_n we_o guess_v what_o a_o near_a community_n and_o commerce_n there_o be_v between_o this_o lord_n and_o the_o portuguese_n and_o we_o be_v likewise_o afterward_o tell_v that_o his_o wife_n have_v be_v baptise_a by_o they_o whilst_o we_o be_v drink_v of_o thea_fw-mi in_o the_o withdrawing-room_n he_o desire_v to_o hear_v
our_o trumpet_n sound_v in_o the_o hall_n with_o which_o he_o be_v exceee_o please_v and_o also_o seem_v much_o to_o admire_v our_o arm_n and_o because_o this_o tutang_n who_o hold_v his_o residence_n and_o court_n in_o this_o chief_a city_n have_v the_o command_n over_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n fokien_fw-fr hucang_fw-mi and_o quantung_v and_o consequent_o be_v not_o much_o inferior_a to_o a_o viceroy_n and_o that_o the_o ship_n of_o our_o east-india_n company_n bind_v from_o japan_n to_o taiwan_n often_o supply_v themselves_o here_o with_o much_o fresh_a water_n for_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n be_v all_o maritime_a lie_v opposite_a to_o the_o other_o island_n of_o formosa_fw-la therefore_o the_o ambassador_n conclude_v to_o offer_v he_o some_o present_n but_o he_o refuse_v they_o with_o great_a civility_n allege_v that_o the_o tartar_n government_n will_v not_o permit_v any_o present_n to_o be_v receive_v from_o any_o foreign_a people_n till_o they_o have_v make_v their_o appearance_n at_o the_o court_n before_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n he_o likewise_o add_v that_o he_o do_v not_o refuse_v they_o out_o of_o a_o chinese_n dissimulation_n but_o only_o to_o observe_v the_o custom_n of_o their_o country_n and_o assure_v the_o ambassador_n that_o in_o their_o return_n from_o peking_n all_o manner_n of_o friendship_n shall_v be_v show_v they_o this_o cancheu_fw-la in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a income_n and_o revenue_n arise_v yearly_o from_o the_o trade_n that_o be_v drive_v there_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n and_o command_v over_o twelve_o small_a city_n it_o lie_v about_o sixty_o mile_n from_o canton_n close_o to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n can_v which_o take_v its_o source_n near_o to_o the_o eight_o small_a city_n call_v xuikin_n and_o flow_v from_o thence_o northward_o up_o to_o cancheu_fw-la the_o city_n be_v foursquare_a as_o nankang_v and_o be_v surround_v with_o a_o high_a stone_n wall_n about_o two_o mile_n compass_v there_o be_v four_o gate_n also_o to_o this_o city_n which_o be_v call_v after_o the_o four_o wind_n we_o lay_v all_o night_n in_o our_o bark_n before_o the_o western_a gate_n the_o street_n of_o the_o city_n be_v handsome_o pave_v on_o the_o east-end_n stand_v a_o high_a well-built_a tower_n from_o the_o top_n of_o which_o you_o have_v a_o full_a prospect_n of_o the_o city_n and_o adjacent_a country_n which_o be_v wondrous_a pleasant_a the_o burgher_n house_n and_o dwelling_n be_v build_v in_o good_a order_n among_o which_o be_v some_o very_a large_a one_o well_o furnish_v but_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o governor_n exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n among_o other_o stately_a edifice_n this_o place_n abound_v in_o curious_a idol-temple_n very_o rich_o adorn_v with_o picture_n and_o grave_v image_n but_o there_o be_v one_o especial_o who_o top_n stand_v high_a crown_v all_o the_o rest_n which_o may_v be_v reckon_v among_o the_o chief_a temple_n in_o all_o china_n and_o be_v call_v kuil_n kiasti_n miao_n miao_n signify_v a_o church_n and_o kuil_a kiasti_n be_v the_o peculiar_a name_n of_o the_o idol_n they_o here_o worship_v at_o the_o place_n where_o the_o two_o river_n change_v and_o can_v meet_v and_o conjoin_v across_o the_o stream_n lie_v a_o long_a bridge_n of_o boat_n cover_v over_o with_o plank_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o bridge_n stand_v a_o toll-house_n for_o the_o receipt_n of_o custom_n upon_o the_o 18._o of_o april_n we_o pass_v by_o the_o ruinous_a and_o deplorable_a city_n of_o vanâ—â—ngam_n this_o city_n lie_v close_o to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n can_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n in_o a_o very_a fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a soil_n the_o tartar_n be_v so_o cruel_a to_o this_o place_n in_o the_o last_o war_n that_o they_o leave_v nothing_o stand_v that_o be_v any_o way_n remarkable_a it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v a_o wondrous_a delightful_a place_n very_o accurate_o build_v and_o full_a of_o inhabitant_n the_o country_n round_o about_o this_o city_n produce_v twice_o a_o year_n great_a store_n of_o fruit_n to_o the_o husbandman_n and_o not_o far_o from_o hence_o lie_v a_o hill_n which_o have_v silver-mine_n but_o the_o chineses_n be_v forbid_v by_o their_o law_n to_o dig_v for_o any_o silver_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o this_o city_n be_v a_o mountain_n call_v chaos_n who_o top_n reach_v up_o to_o the_o cloud_n and_o though_o of_o this_o vast_a height_n yet_o from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o top_n there_o grow_v all_o sort_n of_o tree_n and_o herb_n which_o make_v we_o a_o delightful_a prospect_n at_o a_o distance_n we_o leave_v immediate_o this_o miserable_a town_n and_o come_v to_o a_o eminent_a village_n call_v pekkinsa_n who_o situation_n be_v most_o pleasant_a and_o where_o a_o good_a trade_n be_v drive_v in_o all_o naval_a material_n to_o the_o great_a benefit_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n before_o you_o come_v to_o this_o village_n you_o see_v several_a cliff_n which_o have_v be_v so_o wonderful_o cut_v and_o order_v by_o art_n and_o labour_n that_o the_o very_a sight_n thereof_o fill_v we_o all_o with_o admiration_n but_o the_o last_o war_n have_v much_o deface_v the_o beauty_n of_o they_o and_o there_o be_v now_o only_o leave_v the_o ruin_n whereby_o to_o judge_v what_o a_o brave_a ornament_n they_o be_v former_o the_o very_a destruction_n of_o these_o artificial_a rock_n sufficient_o declare_v what_o vast_a devastation_n befall_v the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n in_o the_o last_o war_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o do_v not_o only_o ruin_v the_o great_a city_n town_n and_o village_n but_o neither_o suffer_v any_o ornament_n to_o continue_v eminent_a in_o the_o country_n for_o not_o any_o place_n of_o note_n escape_v the_o fury_n of_o those_o barbarous_a people_n except_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n which_o the_o tartar_n favour_v after_o they_o have_v take_v it_o where_o yet_o be_v to_o be_v see_v most_o rare_a and_o exquisite_a curiosity_n whereof_o we_o shall_v make_v mention_n hereafter_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o extraordinary_a strangeness_n of_o these_o stone_n cliff_n make_v by_o art_n i_o take_v the_o altitude_n of_o one_o of_o they_o which_o have_v suffer_v least_o prejudice_n by_o the_o tartar_n and_o find_v it_o at_o least_o forty_o foot_n the_o like_a artificial_a rock_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o emperor_n court_n where_o the_o great_a tartar_n i_o be_o often_o refresh_v himself_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n we_o depart_v at_o last_o from_o this_o village_n pekkinsa_n and_o come_v late_o in_o the_o evening_n to_o the_o small_a city_n taiko_n which_o be_v the_o second_o small_a city_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o nine_o chief_a city_n kiegan_n and_o situate_v on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n can._n upon_o the_o 29._o of_o april_n we_o come_v unto_o the_o most_o famous_a city_n of_o kinungam_n call_v by_o some_o kiegan_v which_o be_v the_o nine_o prime_a city_n of_o this_o province_n of_o kiangâ—i_n it_o lie_v about_o forty_o mile_n from_o taiko_n be_v build_v upon_o the_o western_a side_n of_o the_o river_n can_v not_o far_o from_o the_o place_n where_o those_o terrible_a and_o dreadful_a cliff_n call_v xepatan_n discover_v themselves_o and_o be_v defend_v with_o tall_a battlement_n by_o the_o help_n of_o which_o she_o be_v enable_v to_o make_v resistance_n against_o the_o tartar_n when_o beleaguer_v by_o they_o here_o be_v also_o former_o many_o stately_a structure_n but_o they_o be_v now_o general_o ruin_v and_o destroy_v by_o the_o enemy_n some_o few_o idol-temple_n only_o remain_v over_o against_o the_o city_n lie_v a_o island_n where_o stand_v a_o curious_a temple_n of_o modern_a building_n hang_v round_o about_o with_o great_a and_o small_a image_n the_o country_n round_o about_o this_o city_n be_v full_a of_o hill_n and_o dale_n in_o which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v gold_n and_o silver_n mine_n but_o the_o chineses_n be_v prohibit_v by_o their_o law_n to_o dig_v for_o any_o only_o they_o be_v permit_v to_o take_v what_o of_o either_o they_o can_v find_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n these_o part_n be_v also_o pregnant_a and_o delightful_a for_o in_o this_o country_n which_o be_v seldom_o know_v in_o other_o place_n there_o be_v no_o want_n of_o water_n either_o winter_n or_o summer_n nor_o too_o much_o drought_n near_o to_o ganto_n the_o five_o small_a city_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o kinungam_n a_o mighty_a high_a mountain_n call_v nucung_n lift_v her_o head_n towards_o the_o cloud_n and_o be_v as_o remarkable_a for_o bigness_n as_o any_o in_o those_o part_n most_o of_o the_o chinese_n river_n be_v very_o dangerous_a be_v so_o precipitate_a that_o all_o vessel_n be_v liable_a almost_o to_o continual_a attaques_n and_o sudden_a surprisal_n of_o rock_n bank_n and_o shoal_n in_o ambush_n so_o that_o the_o master_n ought_v to_o
account_n of_o this_o earthen_a ware_n and_o to_o receive_v his_o duty_n which_o be_v of_o each_o sort_n the_o five_o piece_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o rest_n they_o afterward_o sell_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o village_n ucienjen_n where_o as_o they_o say_v be_v the_o staple_n of_o this_o porcelain_n trade_n which_o be_v send_v from_o this_o village_n not_o only_o through_o all_o china_n but_o also_o through_o the_o whole_a world_n we_o depart_v the_o same_o day_n from_o this_o place_n and_o upon_o the_o 26._o come_v to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o nankang_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o westside_n of_o this_o lake_n which_o be_v very_o broad_a and_o long_o this_o city_n be_v build_v upon_o a_o mountainous_a soil_n about_o fifty_o mile_n from_o nankang_n the_o wall_n be_v both_o high_a and_o strong_a and_o fortify_v with_o bulwark_n within_o the_o city_n stand_v a_o well-built_a tower_n the_o street_n be_v very_o full_a of_o wind_n and_o turn_n which_o make_v they_o very_o troublesome_a to_o such_o as_o use_v they_o the_o first_o street_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o left-hand_a as_o you_o come_v in_o have_v several_a triumphal_a arch_n stand_v in_o it_o very_o artificial_o build_v according_a to_o the_o chinese_n fashion_n beside_o these_o ornament_n there_o be_v nothing_o rare_a in_o this_o city_n for_o the_o house_n be_v but_o mean_a and_o slight_o build_v in_o prospect_n of_o this_o city_n lie_v several_a stately_a temple_n whereof_o the_o big_a and_o chief_a be_v build_v upon_o the_o mountain_n quangliu_fw-mi and_o juenxiu_fw-la the_o inhabitant_n round_o about_o worship_n these_o mountain_n upon_o which_o dwell_v a_o great_a company_n of_o priest_n and_o friar_n each_o of_o which_o have_v a_o little_a hutch_n where_o he_o daily_a cruciate_n and_o afflict_v himself_o by_o scourge_v and_o discipline_v his_o body_n the_o endure_v of_o which_o castigation_n make_v he_o a_o miracle_n to_o those_o people_n of_o implicit_a faith_n who_o fancy_n these_o their_o suffering_n to_o merit_v after_o death_n the_o high_a felicity_n in_o another_o world_n for_o they_o believe_v that_o their_o soul_n be_v transmigrate_v into_o other_o body_n the_o inhabitant_n tell_v we_o that_o upon_o the_o mountain_n quanglu_n there_o be_v as_o many_o cloister_n as_o day_n in_o the_o year_n they_o say_v likewise_o that_o this_o mountain_n be_v always_o cover_v with_o cloud_n and_o fog_n though_o round_o about_o the_o wether_n be_v clear_a and_o serene_a the_o country_n produce_v store_n of_o hemp_n whereof_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v themselves_o clothes_n for_o the_o summer_n which_o very_o much_o keep_v off_o the_o scorch_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o this_o city_n lie_v a_o hill_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v kien_n the_o water_n that_o fall_v from_o the_o brow_n of_o this_o hill_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o chineses_n very_o sovereign_a for_o several_a disease_n the_o pool_n poyang_n divide_v the_o territory_n belong_v to_o this_o city_n into_o two_o part_n both_o which_o be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o rice_n and_o corn_n of_o all_o sort_n upon_o the_o 29._o we_o make_v for_o the_o city_n of_o hukeu_n be_v the_o four_o small_a city_n of_o the_o five_o chief_a city_n kieukiang_n to_o furnish_v ourselves_o with_o provision_n this_o city_n lie_v forty_o mile_n from_o the_o forego_n chief_a city_n of_o nankang_n upon_o the_o narrow_a of_o the_o lake_n poyang_n and_o upon_o the_o rightside_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n which_o mingle_v with_o it_o and_o receive_v no_o small_a share_n of_o its_o water_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o city_n do_v appear_v a_o very_a pleasant_a and_o antique_a rock_n which_o hang_v somewhat_o over_o the_o river_n and_o appear_v a_o most_o delightful_a prospect_n be_v overgrow_v with_o tree_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o mountain_n stand_v a_o large_a and_o beautiful_a idol-temple_n the_o wall_n of_o this_o city_n be_v very_o thick_a and_o high_a and_o for_o the_o great_a safety_n of_o the_o city_n be_v guard_v in_o several_a place_n with_o foot-soldier_n this_o city_n drive_v a_o handsome_a trade_n be_v full_a of_o people_n and_o well_o build_v all_o manner_n of_o provision_n be_v sell_v very_o cheap_a especial_o fish_n which_o yield_v but_o a_o small_a price_n about_o this_o city_n lie_v a_o hill_n call_v xechung_a which_o signify_v a_o stone_n bell_n for_o the_o wave_n and_o billow_n which_o rise_v out_o of_o the_o pool_n poyang_n in_o foul_a and_o stormy_a wether_n beat_v against_o this_o hill_n and_o occasion_n thereby_o such_o a_o strange_a and_o ring_a noise_n that_o it_o very_o much_o resemble_v the_o sound_n of_o a_o bell._n we_o be_v no_o soon_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n but_o the_o news_n of_o our_o arrival_n fill_v the_o whole_a city_n with_o joy_n so_o that_o both_o old_a and_o young_a come_v run_v to_o the_o shore_n to_o view_v we_o and_o our_o vessel_n who_o behold_v we_o with_o great_a admiration_n and_o fain_o will_v have_v be_v talk_v to_o we_o if_o the_o difference_n of_o language_n have_v not_o hinder_v we_o cause_v our_o trumpet_n to_o sound_v that_o old_a tune_n of_o william_n of_o nassaw_n suppose_v to_o have_v delight_v they_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o be_v so_o much_o affright_v with_o their_o brazen_a voice_n that_o they_o run_v roar_v with_o full_a speed_n for_o shelter_n to_o the_o city_n have_v provide_v ourselves_o with_o necessary_n we_o depart_v from_o this_o place_n and_o come_v to_o pengce_n the_o five_o small_a city_n under_o this_o capital_a one_o of_o kieukiang_n thus_o far_o have_v we_o proceed_v in_o our_o voyage_n upon_o the_o river_n can_v from_o kancheu_fw-la to_o nank_v from_o whence_o we_o pass_v over_o the_o pool_n poyang_n and_o so_o come_v into_o the_o river_n kiang_n which_o to_o prosecute_v the_o remainder_n of_o our_o voyage_n to_o peking_n we_o be_v to_o sail_v up_o eastward_o this_o river_n kiang_n which_o signify_v the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n divide_v all_o china_n into_o northern_a and_o southern_a glide_v from_o west_n to_o east_n and_o receive_v several_a name_n from_o the_o province_n through_o which_o it_o run_v the_o forementioned_a city_n pengce_o lie_v thirty_o mile_n from_o hukeu_n behind_o a_o island_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n and_o have_v behind_o it_o high_a and_o famous_a hill_n it_o be_v a_o well-built_a place_n but_o far_o less_o than_o hukeu_n not_o far_o from_o this_o pengce_n lie_v a_o mountain_n call_v siaocu_n which_o be_v so_o steep_a high_a and_o inaccessible_a that_o none_o can_v ever_o scale_v the_o top_n it_o be_v surround_v with_o water_n and_o have_v on_o the_o southside_n a_o small_a but_o very_o safe_a road_n for_o ship_n in_o foul_a wether_n upon_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n lie_v also_o a_o hill_n call_v makang_v talk_v on_o with_o terror_n through_o all_o china_n for_o the_o abundance_n of_o shipwreck_n which_o happen_v near_o this_o place_n for_o if_o the_o pilot_n miss_v never_o so_o little_a his_o steerage_n they_o seldom_o escape_v bilge_v on_o the_o neighbour_a rock_n the_o ambassador_n with_o some_o of_o their_o follower_n go_v ashore_o upon_o the_o say_a island_n but_o be_v force_v immediate_o to_o return_v have_v observe_v the_o foot_n of_o a_o tiger_n which_o sort_n of_o beast_n be_v very_o numerous_a in_o this_o country_n when_o the_o chinese_n pilot_n see_v our_o cook_n go_v to_o make_v a_o fire_n to_o dress_v dinner_n they_o come_v into_o the_o cabin_n to_o the_o ambassador_n fall_v down_o upon_o their_o knee_n and_o earnest_o entreat_v that_o they_o will_v forbid_v any_o such_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v for_o that_o as_o they_o say_v there_o be_v a_o certain_a spirit_n who_o keep_v himself_o under_o water_n about_o this_o pool_n and_o appear_v in_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o dragon_n or_o great_a fish_n and_o have_v the_o command_n over_o this_o country_n who_o nature_n and_o constitution_n be_v such_o that_o he_o can_v not_o endure_v the_o scent_n in_o his_o nose_n of_o roast_a poultry_n boil_a bacon_n or_o other_o savoury_n smell_v for_o so_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v sensible_a of_o any_o such_o thing_n he_o immediate_o raise_v a_o storm_n which_o do_v infallible_o cast_v away_o the_o vessel_n the_o ambassador_n at_o their_o earnest_a entreaty_n send_v word_n to_o the_o cook_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v content_a with_o a_o cold_a dinner_n for_o that_o day_n during_o the_o discourse_n there_o appear_v play_v above_o the_o water_n two_o or_o three_o tunny_n fish_n which_o put_v the_o chineses_n into_o no_o little_a fear_n in_o regard_n they_o imagine_v the_o water-spirit_n have_v already_o give_v order_n for_o the_o cast_v away_o of_o their_o vessel_n thus_o far_o we_o have_v travel_v through_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n when_o about_o noon_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o two_o column_n which_o stand_v
river_n kiang_n call_v sanglo_n not_o far_o from_o tonglieu_n near_o the_o river_n side_n rises_z a_o mountain_n call_v kieuhoa_n or_o the_o nine-headed_n mountain_n much_o like_o the_o sun-flower_n when_o hang_v down_o the_o head_n two_o mile_n from_o this_o tonglieu_n we_o see_v in_o our_o passage_n the_o ten_o chief_a city_n gank_v the_o most_o famous_a city_n of_o this_o country_n which_o abound_v in_o wealth_n and_o trade_n because_o no_o good_n be_v bring_v out_o of_o other_o part_n to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o nank_v but_o they_o must_v first_o pass_v by_o this_o the_o country_n though_o hilly_a yet_o abound_v with_o most_o sort_n of_o provision_n and_o be_v plentiful_o supply_v with_o what_o they_o want_v from_o the_o adjacent_a market_n by_o the_o river_n kiang_n towards_o the_o evening_n we_o come_v to_o tungling_n the_o three_o small_a city_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o metropolis_n chicheu_o which_o be_v situate_v most_o delightful_o be_v surround_v with_o 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have_v any_o gun_n mount_v on_o they_o this_o city_n be_v cry_v up_o through_o all_o china_n for_o arm_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v most_o dexterous_a and_o exquisite_a in_o make_v all_o manner_n of_o military_a utensil_n they_o be_v likewise_o very_o skilful_a in_o make_v lamp_n of_o all_o sort_n upon_o the_o four_o we_o pass_v by_o the_o three_o chief_a city_n call_v teytong_v which_o some_o also_o call_v taip_v lie_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n in_o a_o island_n there_o make_v by_o the_o same_o stream_n the_o country_n about_o this_o island_n be_v in_o some_o place_n very_o rocky_a and_o full_a of_o hill_n in_o other_o again_o as_o smooth_a but_o in_o both_o exceed_a fruitful_a on_o the_o southside_n of_o this_o city_n we_o see_v at_o a_o distance_n a_o high_a mountain_n by_o the_o chineses_n call_v tienmuen_v which_o signify_v heaven_n gate_n because_o the_o river_n kiang_n run_v through_o here_o between_o two_o small_a hill_n of_o this_o mountain_n as_o through_o a_o gate_n sail_v forward_o we_o observe_v lie_v in_o the_o river_n over_o against_o this_o city_n another_o island_n call_v hiao_n all_o of_o one_o entire_a stone_n in_o this_o rock_n be_v several_a holes_n and_o concavity_n wherein_o breed_v abundance_n of_o night-bird_n the_o isle_n from_o thence_o denominate_v hiao_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o towards_o the_o southeast_n be_v a_o large_a lake_n or_o pool_n call_v tanyang_n which_o as_o well_o as_o the_o river_n kiang_n divide_v itself_o and_o water_n the_o whole_a country_n of_o this_o chief_a city_n which_o very_o much_o enrich_v the_o ground_n round_o about_o make_v they_o satisfy_v the_o greedy_a husbandman_n we_o understand_v by_o the_o chineses_n that_o this_o have_v be_v a_o stately_a city_n well_o build_v and_o full_a of_o trade_n but_o the_o tartar_n total_o ruin_v it_o in_o the_o last_o war_n three_o gallant_a tower_n we_o see_v upon_o the_o river_n side_n as_o we_o sail_v along_o by_o which_o we_o may_v understand_v in_o what_o a_o famous_a condition_n this_o country_n have_v former_o be_v upon_o the_o same_o day_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o that_o renown_a and_o royal_a city_n of_o nank_v which_o be_v just_o call_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v we_o come_v to_o anchor_v in_o the_o harbour_n and_o lay_v with_o our_o vessel_n before_o the_o gate_n susimon_n which_o signify_v the_o water-gate_n the_o ambassador_n go_v the_o next_o day_n to_o visit_v the_o three_o governor_n of_o this_o city_n be_v carry_v in_o palakins_o or_o sedan_n and_o their_o follower_n wait_v upon_o they_o on_o horseback_n they_o be_v conduct_v thither_o in_o great_a state_n by_o the_o agent_n of_o the_o young_a viceroy_n of_o canton_n who_o reside_v in_o this_o city_n and_o by_o two_o mandorin_n who_o come_v from_o canton_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o pinxenton_n who_o lie_v still_o behind_o the_o chief_a governor_n show_v the_o ambassador_n his_o withdrawing-room_n and_o make_v they_o after_o accustomary_a compliment_n to_o sit_v down_o next_o to_o he_o he_o be_v a_o chinese_n bear_v in_o the_o city_n of_o leoatung_n but_o of_o a_o very_a civil_a behaviour_n the_o ambassador_n show_v he_o a_o letter_n of_o the_o present_n which_o be_v design_v for_o he_o but_o he_o will_v not_o receive_v they_o they_o have_v not_o yet_o see_v the_o emperor_n after_o they_o have_v discourse_v a_o while_n with_o this_o first_o governor_n they_o take_v leave_v and_o go_v to_o the_o second_o also_o a_o chinese_n and_o bear_v at_o leaotung_n who_o show_v himself_o no_o less_o courteous_a than_o the_o former_a he_o cause_v the_o ambassador_n to_o sit_v down_o with_o almost_o the_o same_o compliment_n and_o receive_v the_o letter_n with_o great_a civility_n from_o they_o which_o nominate_v his_o allot_v present_n but_o he_o be_v illiterate_a himself_o give_v it_o to_o one_o of_o his_o commander_n to_o read_v and_o on_o the_o former_a account_n refuse_v to_o accept_v of_o they_o from_o hence_o they_o go_v to_o the_o three_o who_o dwell_v in_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o old_a imperial_a palace_n he_o send_v for_o the_o ambassador_n who_o come_v to_o he_o in_o his_o chamber_n where_o his_o wife_n be_v with_o he_o the_o apartment_n be_v foursquare_a with_o bench_n round_o about_o cover_v with_o silk_n and_o a_o stove_n to_o warm_v the_o room_n in_o winter_n in_o which_o they_o burn_v reed_n wood_n be_v there_o very_o scarce_o this_o governor_n be_v by_o birth_n a_o tartar_n a_o young_a well-set_a man_n but_o understand_v not_o the_o chinese_n language_n therefore_o his_o son_n be_v interpreter_n his_o wife_n a_o proper_a and_o comely_a dame_n speak_v more_o than_o her_o husband_n and_o seem_v very_o inquisitive_a about_o holland_n she_o be_v not_o dismay_v at_o our_o strange_a arm_n but_o like_o a_o bold_a virago_n draw_v on_o it_o our_o sword_n and_o discharge_v our_o pistol_n which_o much_o delight_v she_o the_o room_n be_v present_o fill_v with_o tartar_a gentlewoman_n who_o belong_v to_o and_o wait_v upon_o this_o lady_n and_o bring_v a_o great_a silver_n kettle_n full_a of_o thea_fw-mi mingle_v with_o milk_n and_o salt_n place_v it_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o chamber_n and_o serve_v it_o about_o with_o wooden_a ladle_n to_o all_o the_o company_n the_o thea_fw-mi thus_o mingle_v they_o drink_v in_o wood_n but_o the_o clear_a thea_fw-mi make_v only_o with_o water_n they_o drink_v in_o little_a china_n cup_n and_o other_o drink_n as_o chinese_n beer_n and_o zamsou_n make_v of_o rice_n in_o silver_n the_o ambassador_n after_o they_o have_v be_v thus_o civil_o receive_v and_o treat_v take_v leave_v and_o go_v with_o the_o canton_n agent_n to_o visit_v a_o tartar_n gentleman_n who_o be_v new_o arrive_v from_o peking_n he_o be_v a_o young_a lusty_a man_n and_o have_v his_o lodging_n in_o a_o old_a ruinous_a court_n which_o also_o
belong_v to_o the_o imperial_a palace_n but_o all_o thing_n be_v in_o disorder_n and_o in_o a_o decay_a condition_n without_o any_o furniture_n but_o two_o or_o three_o break_a bench_n some_o kettle_n and_o a_o few_o little_a dish_n for_o thea._n his_o horse_n mule_n ass_n dromedary_n and_o camel_n go_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o court_n the_o stable_n be_v all_o ruine_a and_o spoil_v from_o this_o tartar_n lodging_n the_o ambassador_n be_v conduct_v by_o the_o agent_n to_o his_o own_o house_n to_o a_o sumptuous_a dinner_n than_o make_v ready_a by_o his_o order_n for_o they_o where_o he_o entertain_v they_o till_o night_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o dainty_n which_o do_v they_o thank_v he_o for_o his_o great_a kindness_n and_o civility_n take_v their_o leaf_n and_o return_v aboard_o their_o vessel_n in_o which_o they_o lie_v all_o their_o voyage_n both_o to_o and_o from_o peking_n except_o at_o canton_n nangan_n and_o peking_n this_o stately_a city_n which_o without_o parallel_n be_v the_o diadem_n of_o all_o china_n lie_v about_o thirty_o five_o mile_n from_o the_o forementioned_a taip_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n and_o in_o 32_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n her_o situation_n be_v most_o pleasant_a and_o the_o soil_n luxurious_o fruitful_a the_o river_n run_v quite_o through_o this_o city_n whereof_o some_o stream_n be_v navigable_a for_o great_a vessel_n here_o be_v former_o keep_v the_o court_n of_o the_o old_a chinese_n emperor_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n of_o u_o cyu_n cung_n ci_o leang_v chin_n and_o tanga_n here_o also_o reign_v many_o lustre_n the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n till_o they_o remove_v to_o peking_n the_o better_a to_o prevent_v the_o invasion_n and_o design_n of_o the_o tartar_n the_o founder_n of_o this_o city_n be_v gnens_n king_n of_o cuckoe_n who_o name_v it_o kinling_n which_o signify_v a_o golden_a country_n afterward_o the_o first_o branch_n of_o the_o race_n of_o cina_n call_v it_o moling_n the_o king_n of_o u_o who_o keep_v their_o court_n in_o this_o city_n call_v it_o kienye_v the_o race_n of_o tanga_n give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o kiangxin_n but_o that_o of_o taiminga_fw-mi call_v it_o ingcien_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o tartar_n who_o not_o many_o year_n since_o overran_a and_o conquer_v all_o china_n give_v it_o again_o the_o name_n of_o kiangx_v where_o this_o city_n border_n on_o the_o river_n kiang_n it_o have_v a_o broad_a and_o deep_a graâ—â—_n into_o which_o you_o come_v out_o of_o the_o kiang_n up_o to_o the_o town_n about_o half_a a_o mile_n within_o the_o land_n here_o they_o pass_v over_o on_o a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n which_o bring_v they_o convenient_o into_o the_o city_n who_o east-side_n which_o run_v far_o into_o this_o country_n covers_z a_o flat_a with_o several_a navigable_a channel_n run_v through_o so_o that_o you_o may_v come_v with_o large_a vessel_n up_o to_o the_o town_n on_o that_o side_n over_o these_o channel_n be_v several_a stone_n bridges_n very_o rare_o build_v the_o chineses_n describe_v the_o circumference_n of_o this_o late_a wall_n by_o two_o horseman_n who_o in_o the_o morning_n set_v forth_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o gate_n part_v ride_v contrary_a and_o they_o say_v meet_v not_o till_o the_o close_a of_o the_o evening_n by_o which_o they_o will_v have_v we_o guess_v at_o the_o vast_a circumference_n of_o their_o city_n the_o first_o vesture_n of_o the_o city_n be_v above_o thirty_o foot_n high_a build_v artificial_o of_o stone_n with_o breast-works_a and_o watch-tower_n there_o be_v thirteen_o gate_n in_o this_o wall_n who_o door_n be_v plate_v with_o iron_n and_o guard_v continual_o with_o horse_n and_o foot_n some_o of_o these_o gate_n rest_v on_o four_o or_o five_o arch_n through_o which_o you_o pass_v before_o you_o come_v into_o the_o city_n we_o lay_v with_o our_o vessel_n before_o the_o gate_n suisimon_n or_o water-gate_n so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o people_n pass_v daily_o to_o and_o again_o through_o this_o gate_n that_o there_o be_v no_o get_n in_o or_o out_o without_o much_o crowd_v the_o chief_a street_n of_o this_o city_n be_v twenty_o eight_o pace_n broad_a very_o neat_o pave_v and_o straight_o in_o the_o night_n there_o be_v such_o good_a order_n observe_v for_o the_o prevent_n of_o house_n break_v or_o disturbance_n in_o the_o street_n that_o there_o be_v not_o the_o like_a in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o ordinary_a citizen_n house_n be_v but_o mean_a build_v without_o any_o convenience_n and_o stand_v all_o with_o the_o cross_a ridge_n next_o to_o the_o street_n they_o have_v but_o one_o door_n to_o go_v in_o and_o out_o and_o but_o one_o room_n to_o eat_v and_o sleep_v in_o next_o the_o street_n appear_v only_o a_o foursquare_a hole_n serve_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o window_n to_o let_v in_o light_n which_o be_v common_o cover_v with_o reed_n in_o stead_n of_o glass_n to_o prevent_v gazer_n from_o look_v in_o the_o house_n be_v but_o one_o story_n high_a be_v cover_v with_o white_a pan-tile_n and_o the_o outside_n white_v over_o with_o chalk_n such_o as_o dwell_v in_o these_o ordinary_a house_n drive_v very_o mean_a trade_n but_o the_o shop_n of_o the_o chief_a citizen_n and_o merchant_n be_v fill_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o rich_a chinese_n ware_n as_o cotton_n silk_n stuff_v china_n dish_n pearl_n diamond_n etc._n etc._n before_o each_o shop_n stand_v a_o board_n upon_o which_o be_v inscribe_v the_o name_n of_o the_o master_n in_o gold_n letter_n as_o also_o what_o good_n he_o sell_v beside_o these_o board_n stand_v a_o high_a pole_n which_o reach_v above_o the_o house_n upon_o which_o they_o hang_v pennon_n and_o flag_n or_o something_o whereby_o they_o as_o we_o in_o europe_n with_o our_o sign_n make_v know_v their_o habitation_n they_o have_v not_o here_o nor_o in_o all_o china_n any_o coin_v money_n but_o use_v in_o stead_n thereof_o small_a piece_n of_o silver_n which_o be_v of_o different_a value_n and_o weight_n and_o though_o you_o buy_v never_o so_o little_a you_o must_v always_o have_v a_o pair_n of_o scale_n about_o you_o if_o you_o will_v not_o be_v cheat_v in_o the_o weight_n by_o these_o crafty_a chineses_n for_o they_o have_v common_o two_o sort_n of_o weight_n by_o they_o and_o be_v so_o nimble_a and_o deceitful_a in_o their_o balance_a that_o you_o have_v need_n of_o argus_n eye_n when_o you_o buy_v any_o thing_n of_o they_o this_o great_a city_n be_v also_o so_o populous_a that_o there_o be_v above_o 1000000_o people_n dwell_v in_o it_o and_o yet_o provision_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v to_o be_v have_v there_o in_o great_a abundance_n at_o a_o small_a rate_n all_o the_o year_n long_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n round_o about_o among_o other_o fruit_n there_o be_v most_o delicious_a cherry_n sell_v very_o cheap_a in_o this_o city_n beside_o the_o vast_a number_n of_o people_n there_o lie_v a_o garrison_n of_o 40000_o tartar_n here_o 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11_o foot_n in_o height_n and_o three_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a in_o circumference_n who_o thickness_n contain_v near_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o yard_n the_o chineses_n make_v great_a brag_v of_o the_o sound_n of_o this_o bell_n as_o if_o the_o like_a be_v not_o to_o be_v hear_v of_o again_o in_o all_o china_n yea_o not_o in_o the_o whole_a world_n but_o when_o we_o come_v and_o strike_v upon_o it_o we_o find_v it_o sufficient_o dull_a and_o the_o metal_n not_o so_o good_a as_o that_o of_o we_o in_o europe_n and_o though_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o last_o war_n do_v not_o much_o deprive_v and_o impair_v this_o city_n of_o its_o former_a lustre_n and_o splendour_n no_o city_n escape_v better_a than_o this_o nank_n yet_o however_o the_o stately_a palace_n of_o the_o king_n be_v total_a destroy_v by_o they_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o tartar_n do_v this_o for_o no_o other_o end_n or_o cause_n but_o out_o of_o a_o particular_a hatred_n and_o grudge_n which_o they_o bear_v to_o the_o 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upon_o the_o way_n with_o fresh_a man_n so_o that_o they_o perform_v the_o journey_n in_o eight_o or_o ten_o day_n at_o the_o far_a which_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n with_o as_o much_o speed_n as_o ride_a post_n in_o europe_n they_o likewise_o signify_v by_o letter_n from_o place_n to_o place_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n when_o the_o bark_n be_v arrive_v and_o if_o the_o emperor_n be_v please_v they_o never_o fail_v to_o send_v twice_o a_o week_n as_o we_o be_v ride_v out_o one_o day_n to_o take_v the_o air_n and_o to_o view_v the_o city_n we_o pass_v by_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o old_a imperial_a court_n where_o sit_v a_o great_a tartar_n lady_n with_o her_o servant_n wait_v upon_o she_o about_o forty_o year_n of_o age_n she_o very_o civil_o send_v to_o our_o interpreter_n to_o invite_v the_o ambassador_n into_o her_o house_n jacob_n de_fw-fr keyzer_n hereupon_o light_v and_o the_o lady_n then_o make_v towards_o he_o she_o be_v very_o debonair_a and_o free_a look_v upon_o our_o sword_n 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about_o the_o middle_a with_o a_o broad_a ribbon_n and_o button_v down_o from_o the_o neck_n to_o the_o waste_n their_o shoe_n be_v of_o black_a leather_n their_o face_n unmask_v without_o any_o paint_n they_o have_v we_o into_o a_o large_a withdrawing-room_n unfurnish_a only_o a_o few_o bench_n cover_v with_o silk_n upon_o which_o they_o desire_v we_o to_o sit_v they_o drink_v to_o we_o several_a time_n in_o their_o liquor_n make_v of_o bean_n which_o be_v very_o strong_a but_o agree_v wondrous_a well_o with_o their_o constitution_n they_o set_v before_o we_o also_o some_o of_o their_o sweetmeat_n much_o entreat_v we_o to_o eat_v excuse_v the_o meanness_n of_o the_o entertainment_n her_o husband_n be_v absent_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o plain_n stand_v a_o high_a steeple_n or_o tower_n make_v of_o porcelain_n which_o far_o exceed_v all_o other_o workmanship_n of_o the_o chinese_n in_o cost_n and_o skill_n by_o which_o the_o chineses_n have_v declare_v to_o the_o world_n the_o rare_a ingenuity_n of_o their_o artist_n in_o former_a age_n this_o tower_n have_v nine_o round_n and_o a_o hundred_o eighty_o four_o step_n to_o the_o top_n each_o round_n be_v adorn_v with_o a_o gallery_n full_a of_o image_n and_o picture_n with_o very_o handsome_a light_n the_o outside_n be_v all_o glaze_v over_o and_o paint_v with_o several_a colour_n as_o green_a red_a and_o yellow_a the_o whole_a fabric_n consist_v of_o several_a piece_n which_o be_v so_o artificial_o cement_v as_o if_o the_o work_n be_v all_o one_o entire_a piece_n round_o about_o all_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o gallery_n hang_v little_a bell_n which_o make_v a_o very_a pretty_a noise_n when_o the_o wind_n jangle_n they_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tower_n be_v crown_v with_o a_o pineapple_n which_o as_o they_o say_v be_v make_v of_o massy_a gold_n from_o the_o upper_a gallery_n you_o may_v see_v not_o only_o over_o the_o whole_a city_n but_o also_o over_o the_o adjacent_a country_n to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n which_o be_v a_o most_o delightful_a prospect_n especial_o if_o you_o observe_v the_o vast_a circumference_n of_o the_o city_n reach_v with_o her_o suburb_n to_o the_o river_n side_n this_o wonderful_a pile_n as_o they_o inform_v we_o the_o chinese_n build_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o insult_a conqueror_n the_o tartar_n seven_o hundred_o year_n since_o as_o a_o pillar_n of_o honour_n to_o they_o and_o when_o in_o like_a manner_n as_o late_o they_o overran_a all_o china_n bring_v the_o whole_a country_n under_o absolute_a obedience_n the_o now_o prevail_a foe_n whether_o conquer_v by_o the_o extraordinary_a beauty_n and_o magnificence_n or_o whether_o they_o design_v by_o it_o to_o perpetuate_v the_o memory_n of_o their_o first_o conquest_n and_o also_o to_o add_v to_o their_o fame_n this_o their_o second_o subdue_a of_o they_o will_v not_o permit_v the_o demolish_n or_o deface_v in_o the_o least_o of_o this_o noble_a structure_n so_o that_o now_o it_o stand_v firm_a and_o entire_a as_o at_o first_o according_a to_o all_o outward_a appearance_n we_o find_v these_o people_n to_o exceed_v not_o only_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o candour_n sincerity_n and_o civil_a demeanour_n but_o as_o much_o excel_a in_o science_n and_o understanding_n there_o be_v also_o several_a of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o great_a estate_n keep_v like_o port_n both_o in_o their_o habit_n and_o hospitality_n they_o enjoy_v here_o far_o great_a privilege_n than_o in_o a_o less_o city_n which_o the_o tartar_n allow_v they_o suppose_v that_o to_o be_v a_o bridle_n to_o rebellion_n we_o find_v in_o this_o city_n of_o nank_v a_o jesuit_n his_o name_n manuel_n van_n lisbon_n who_o come_v aboard_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o ambassador_n to_o
of_o the_o yellow_a river_n into_o the_o royal_a channel_n or_o out_o of_o the_o royal_a channel_n into_o the_o yellow_a river_n or_o such_o as_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n and_o other_o part_n and_o be_v carry_v up_o high_a or_o low_o one_o of_o these_o toll-master_n show_v himself_o far_o more_o scrupulous_a than_o all_o the_o rest_n search_v all_o our_o vessel_n except_o those_o two_o in_o which_o the_o ambassador_n be_v to_o see_v what_o be_v in_o they_o for_o he_o can_v not_o believe_v that_o they_o be_v all_o lade_v with_o good_n belong_v only_a to_o the_o emperor_n we_o lodge_v all_o night_n in_o this_o village_n and_o set_v sail_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o come_v that_o night_n to_o another_o village_n call_v neynemiao_n into_o which_o we_o be_v let_v by_o two_o great_a sluice_n one_o after_o another_o the_o inhabitant_n tell_v we_o as_o indeed_o appear_v by_o the_o ruin_n that_o in_o this_o village_n former_o stand_v a_o great_a castle_n which_o protect_v three_o river_n as_o the_o yellow_a river_n on_o both_o side_n and_o the_o royal_a channel_n behind_o it_o but_o the_o tartar_n who_o make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o destroy_v all_o inland_a place_n of_o strength_n have_v likewise_o pull_v down_o this_o castle_n we_o lodge_v there_o all_o night_n and_o the_o next_o day_n at_o sunrising_n we_o set_v sail_n again_o and_o come_v into_o a_o part_n of_o the_o great_a yellow_a river_n which_o be_v so_o thick_a and_o muddy_a that_o it_o be_v scarce_o passable_a this_o river_n be_v call_v by_o some_o the_o saffron_n from_o the_o yellowness_n of_o the_o water_n at_o a_o distance_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o thick_a morish_a plash_n but_o when_o you_o come_v upon_o it_o the_o swiftness_n and_o great_a force_n of_o the_o stream_n declare_v a_o run_a river_n who_o current_n have_v so_o much_o violence_n that_o no_o boat_n be_v able_a to_o sail_n against_o the_o stream_n but_o be_v tow_v up_o by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o bargeman_n in_o some_o place_n this_o river_n be_v half_a a_o mile_n broad_a and_o in_o some_o more_o but_o in_o length_n it_o reach_v above_o eight_o hundred_o mile_n the_o chinese_n sailor_n when_o employ_v here_o make_v this_o water_n fit_a for_o use_v and_o very_o clear_a by_o fling_v allom_n into_o it_o which_o sink_v â—he_n mud_n to_o the_o bottom_n upon_o the_o first_o of_o june_n we_o come_v to_o the_o little_a town_n of_o tanjenien_n which_o be_v the_o four_o small_a city_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o hoaigan_n it_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o yellow_a river_n and_o fence_v with_o a_o broad_a strong_a earthen_a or_o mud_n wall_n replenish_v with_o handsome_a building_n and_o full_a of_o rich_a inhabitant_n who_o drive_v a_o very_a great_a trade_n the_o country_n round_o be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o the_o product_n of_o pear_n apple_n prune_n cherry_n and_o the_o like_a we_o buy_v here_o some_o provision_n for_o the_o kitchen_n 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manner_n of_o great_a and_o small_a vessel_n not_o far_o from_o the_o town_n several_a float_a island_n which_o be_v so_o artificial_o contrive_v that_o the_o best_a artist_n in_o europe_n will_v scarce_o be_v able_a to_o make_v the_o like_a of_o the_o same_o stuff_n be_v a_o common_a reed_n which_o the_o portuguese_n call_v bamboes_n twist_v so_o close_o together_o that_o no_o moisture_n can_v penetrate_v upon_o these_o reed_n the_o chineses_n set_v up_o hut_n and_o little_a house_n of_o board_n and_o other_o light_a material_n in_o which_o they_o live_v with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n as_o if_o they_o have_v their_o dwelling_n upon_o the_o firm_a land_n some_o of_o these_o float_v island_n be_v large_a enough_o to_o contain_v at_o least_o 200_o family_n and_o those_o that_o live_v in_o they_o subsist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o commerce_n and_o trafflck_n in_o all_o manner_n of_o commodity_n which_o they_o carry_v from_o place_n to_o place_n upon_o the_o river_n be_v hurry_v down_o with_o the_o stream_n and_o tow_v up_o again_o by_o toilsome_a bargeman_n wherever_o they_o intend_v to_o make_v any_o stay_n they_o fasten_v their_o float_v town_n with_o pole_n fix_v in_o the_o ground_n they_o keep_v and_o feed_v aboard_o their_o island_n all_o manner_n of_o tame_a cattle_n but_o especial_o hog_n wheresoever_o they_o come_v they_o continue_v lie_v for_o some_o month_n before_o they_o remove_v and_o though_o they_o be_v people_n of_o several_a language_n yet_o they_o make_v up_o one_o common_a tongue_n whereby_o they_o understand_v one_o another_o for_o throughout_o all_o china_n there_o be_v several_a dialect_n each_o province_n have_v a_o particular_a one_o yet_o there_o be_v also_o one_o common_a language_n which_o they_o call_v the_o mandorin_n or_o court-tongue_n be_v speak_v here_o both_o by_o the_o grandee_n and_o their_o follower_n after_o some_o hour_n sail_v we_o come_v into_o another_o royal_a channel_n call_v jun_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o yellow_a river_n towards_o the_o west_n through_o the_o whole_a province_n of_o xantung_n we_o be_v to_o pass_v through_o this_o channel_n to_o the_o city_n of_o peking_n the_o province_n of_o xantung_n into_o which_o we_o enter_v be_v much_o enrich_v by_o this_o artificial_a channel_n run_v through_o it_o for_o all_o good_n and_o commodity_n which_o be_v transport_v out_o of_o china_n for_o peking_n must_v pass_v this_o cut._n this_o great_a broad_a and_o navigable_a stream_n begin_v at_o the_o nine_o small_a city_n socien_n upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o yellow_a river_n and_o reach_n to_o the_o city_n cine_v and_o from_o thence_o to_o lince_v there_o break_v into_o the_o river_n guei_n this_o channel_n have_v at_o least_o sixty_o stone_n sluice_n to_o force_v back_o the_o water_n which_o in_o some_o place_n run_v very_o low_a and_o will_v not_o be_v navigable_a be_v it_o not_o for_o these_o water-work_n on_o each_o sluice_n eight_o man_n attend_v to_o help_v through_o with_o the_o vessel_n who_o be_v maintain_v at_o the_o public_a charge_n as_o soon_o as_o we_o come_v into_o this_o channel_n we_o be_v present_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n and_o upon_o the_o six_o of_o june_n come_v to_o a_o famous_a village_n call_v kiakia_n but_o before_o i_o give_v you_o a_o description_n of_o this_o province_n i_o shall_v continue_v my_o method_n and_o first_o relate_v unto_o you_o the_o confine_n thereof_o and_o the_o number_n of_o great_a and_o small_a city_n etc._n etc._n the_o province_n of_o xantung_n be_v the_o four_o in_o number_n under_o the_o northern_a country_n and_o be_v wash_v on_o the_o south_n east_n and_o north_n by_o the_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o westside_n be_v environ_v with_o river_n insomuch_o that_o you_o may_v come_v by_o ship_n if_o you_o please_v on_o the_o north_n of_o xantung_n lie_v the_o province_n of_o peking_n and_o on_o the_o south_n that_o of_o nank_v separate_v by_o the_o yellow_a river_n the_o remain_a part_n be_v encompass_v with_o the_o channel_n jun_n and_o the_o river_n guei_n this_o part_n produce_v abundance_n of_o corn_n rice_n bean_n etc._n etc._n the_o fruitfulness_n of_o this_o country_n be_v such_o that_o one_o year_n harvest_n as_o they_o say_v supply_v the_o inhabitant_n sufficient_o for_o ten_o year_n with_o provision_n all_o manner_n of_o poultry_n be_v wondrous_a plentiful_a and_o sell_v for_o very_o little_a because_o the_o people_n there_o take_v great_a delight_n in_o hunt_v the_o river_n pool_n and_o other_o water_n abound_v with_o extraordinary_a good_a fish_n which_o you_o may_v have_v for_o a_o very_a small_a price_n i_o myself_o purchase_v ten_o pound_n for_o a_o halfpenny_n the_o country_n produce_v likewise_o store_n of_o silk_n another_o sign_n of_o her_o fertility_n and_o abound_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o fruit-tree_n especial_o prune_n which_o they_o dry_a and_o
likewise_o discharge_v by_o our_o host._n the_o next_o day_n we_o depart_v from_o cine_v and_o after_o a_o few_o hour_n sail_v we_o pass_v by_o a_o village_n call_v nanwaig_n lie_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o this_o royal_a channel_n where_o this_o and_o the_o river_n luen_o meet_v and_o mingle_v their_o water_n the_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n tell_v we_o strange_a story_n of_o this_o river_n among_o the_o rest_n that_o if_o you_o fling_v in_o nine_o stick_n six_o will_v drive_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o three_o towards_o the_o north._n we_o seem_v much_o to_o admire_v at_o the_o report_n but_o scarce_o believe_v it_o till_o we_o make_v the_o experiment_n ourselves_o by_o fling_v so_o many_o stick_v into_o the_o water_n which_o convince_v we_o of_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o have_v be_v tell_v we_o but_o neither_o the_o tartar_n chinese_n nor_o other_o inhabitant_n be_v able_a to_o give_v we_o any_o account_n of_o this_o wonderful_a mystery_n of_o nature_n this_o i_o try_v over_o against_o a_o idol-temple_n call_v the_o royal_a serpent_n concern_v which_o the_o chineses_n tell_v we_o several_a wonder_n upon_o the_o 19_o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o come_v to_o a_o small_a city_n call_v xantsui_n be_v the_o 23._o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n yengcheu_o this_o place_n lie_v abont_v thirty_o mile_n from_o cine_v on_o both_o side_n of_o this_o royal_a channel_n and_o be_v guard_v at_o each_o end_n with_o a_o strong_a castle_n the_o country_n round_o about_o lie_v often_o under_o water_n by_o the_o overflow_a of_o the_o yellow_a river_n which_o sometime_o rise_v to_o that_o height_n that_o it_o drown_v and_o carry_v away_o whole_a town_n and_o village_n the_o next_o morning_n we_o set_v sail_n from_o xantsui_n and_o by_o the_o way_n we_o see_v several_a fair_a village_n and_o cornfield_n on_o both_o side_n of_o this_o royal_a channel_n as_o also_o several_a strong_a sluice_n which_o do_v not_o a_o little_a hinder_v we_o in_o our_o passage_n for_o between_o xantsui_n and_o lince_v we_o pass_v through_o 58_o sluice_n not_o far_o from_o xantsui_n stand_v a_o famous_a idol-temple_n call_v teywanmiao_n which_o be_v hold_v in_o such_o great_a esteem_n among_o they_o that_o they_o reckon_v it_o for_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a in_o all_o china_n it_o be_v build_v very_o high_a with_o strong_a wall_n of_o gray_a stone_n and_o gallant_o adorn_v after_o the_o chinese_n fashion_n the_o top_n of_o this_o temple_n be_v cover_v with_o yellow_a glaze_v tile_n and_o the_o wall_n be_v also_o colour_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n so_o that_o when_o the_o sun_n shine_v it_o glister_v like_o gold_n all_o over_o upon_o the_o twenty_o of_o june_n we_o come_v to_o tuncham_n the_o three_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n build_v in_o a_o foursquare_n form_n and_o environ_v with_o wall_n and_o bulwark_n the_o street_n thereof_o be_v large_a and_o well-built_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o city_n stand_v a_o high_a and_o curious_a fabric_n with_o four_o brave_a arch_n have_v strong_a wall_n and_o bulwark_n with_o several_a gate_n lead_v into_o it_o on_o the_o north-side_n run_v a_o broad_a water_n which_o encompass_n the_o city_n over_o which_o be_v a_o wooden_a bridge_n of_o 137_o foot_n long_o by_o which_o they_o pass_v into_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o city_n on_o the_o southside_n be_v stately_a suburb_n which_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o trade_n may_v very_o well_o pass_v for_o another_o city_n it_o be_v well_o build_v with_o goodly_a house_n and_o idol-temple_n towards_o the_o east_n the_o inhabitant_n show_v we_o a_o very_a large_a iron_n tomb_n which_o they_o tell_v we_o be_v erect_v at_o least_o 700_o year_n ago_o for_o some_o great_a lord_n who_o memory_n the_o chineses_n have_v in_o much_o honour_n have_v do_v his_o country_n some_o signal_n and_o remarkable_a service_n and_o for_o which_o he_o lose_v his_o life_n in_o the_o war_n round_o about_o this_o city_n the_o land_n be_v very_o low_a and_o flat_a but_o wondrous_a fruitful_a in_o the_o product_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o humane_a sustenance_n no_o part_n of_o china_n produce_v so_o much_o silk_n as_o this_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o live_v chief_o by_o this_o manufacture_n wherewith_o they_o trade_n into_o other_o country_n here_o the_o inhabitant_n tell_v we_o be_v sometime_o find_v a_o stone_n in_o the_o maw_n of_o the_o cow_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v nieuhoang_v which_o signify_v the_o yellow_a of_o the_o cow_n this_o stone_n be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o goose_n egg_n outward_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o soft_a chalky_a substance_n only_o of_o a_o yellowish_a colour_n and_o be_v by_o some_o thought_n to_o be_v the_o bezoar_n stone_n the_o chinese_n surgeon_n high_o commend_v it_o and_o use_v great_a diligence_n for_o the_o procure_n of_o it_o they_o write_v that_o it_o be_v of_o a_o cold_a temper_n and_o very_o sovereign_a in_o faint_v and_o swoon_v fi_n in_o the_o country_n of_o this_o chief_a city_n near_o to_o the_o eleven_o small_a city_n call_v laotung_v lie_v among_o the_o rest_n a_o hill_n call_v mingxe_v which_o signify_v the_o stone_n of_o noise_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o this_o hill_n as_o the_o inhabitant_n relate_v to_o we_o stand_v a_o column_n of_o 100_o rod_n high_a which_o as_o soon_o as_o touch_v with_o the_o finger_n sound_v like_o a_o drum_n from_o which_o noise_n the_o hill_n derive_v its_o name_n the_o chineses_n also_o tell_v we_o that_o near_o to_o quonch_v the_o seventeen_o small_a city_n of_o this_o chief_a city_n be_v a_o pool_n call_v ho_o wherein_o former_o the_o king_n of_o guei_n keep_v and_o feed_v his_o crane_n with_o great_a care_n and_o delight_n the_o chineses_n in_o this_o country_n as_o likewise_o through_o all_o china_n feed_v this_o bird_n in_o their_o house_n as_o they_o do_v also_o the_o stag_n which_o be_v creature_n of_o long_a life_n they_o fancy_n to_o themselves_o that_o in_o have_v of_o they_o to_o breathe_v upon_o they_o they_o shall_v likewise_o live_v long_o we_o continue_v all_o night_n in_o our_o vessel_n before_o this_o city_n and_o set_v sail_v the_o next_o morning_n and_o past_a over_o the_o pool_n nanyang_n which_o abound_v with_o fish_n and_o that_o night_n come_v to_o the_o city_n of_o lince_a which_o lie_v about_o thirty_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n tungchang_n and_o be_v situate_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o royal_a channel_n we_o lay_v at_o the_o end_n thereof_o where_o that_o and_o the_o river_n guei_fw-mi separate_v the_o province_n of_o xantung_n from_o that_o of_o peking_n and_o mingle_v and_o unite_v their_o water_n we_o be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v at_o this_o city_n but_o the_o governor_n appear_v upon_o the_o wall_n near_o the_o place_n where_o we_o lie_v with_o our_o vessel_n to_o welcome_a and_o receive_v the_o ambassador_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o kindness_n pinxenton_n and_o the_o other_o mandorin_n go_v first_o ashore_o to_o he_o whereupon_o the_o governor_n send_v for_o some_o chair_n for_o the_o ambassador_n who_o follow_v the_o mandorin_n and_o be_v most_o civil_o receive_v by_o he_o intimate_v that_o he_o can_v not_o entertain_v they_o at_o his_o court_n because_o they_o have_v not_o yet_o appear_v before_o the_o emperor_n at_o peking_n the_o ambassador_n send_v some_o present_n to_o the_o governor_n who_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n refuse_v they_o because_o this_o lince_a lie_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o yellow_a channel_n near_o the_o river_n guei_n and_o so_o consequent_o a_o very_a commodious_a harbour_n for_o ship_n all_o manner_n of_o good_n and_o ware_n be_v bring_v from_o all_o part_n of_o china_n to_o this_o city_n for_o which_o they_o must_v pay_v custom_n there_o and_o for_o this_o reason_n the_o emperor_n have_v three_o commissioner_n resine_v in_o that_o place_n to_o receive_v his_o due_n this_o navigation_n occasion_n so_o great_a a_o trade_n in_o lince_v that_o it_o exceed_v the_o other_o eighteen_o small_a city_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o tunchang_n in_o number_n of_o people_n plenty_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o thing_n gallantry_n of_o building_n and_o greatness_n of_o commerce_n neither_o give_v she_o place_n to_o any_o inferior_a city_n in_o the_o whole_a empire_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o royal_a channel_n near_o to_o the_o city_n stand_v two_o strong_a and_o large_a castle_n one_o against_o the_o other_o which_o be_v no_o small_a strength_n to_o the_o place_n by_o which_o no_o vessel_n whatsoever_o can_v pass_v without_o pay_v their_o duty_n in_o this_o channel_n be_v likewise_o just_a before_o the_o city_n two_o strong_a and_o heavy_a sluice_n to_o force_v back_o the_o upper_a water_n which_o run_v from_o the_o river_n guei_n and_o be_v sometime_o two_o or_o three_o foot_n high_o
than_o the_o inland_a water_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o city_n lie_v a_o wooden_a brige_n of_o nine_o arch_n over_o which_o â—ou_n may_v pass_v convenient_o from_o one_o part_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o other_o in_o the_o middle_n whereof_o be_v a_o drawbridge_n to_o let_v through_o such_o vessel_n as_o have_v pay_v their_o custom_n the_o city_n be_v well-built_a and_o be_v adorn_v with_o several_a stately_a temple_n it_o lie_v in_o a_o flat_a sandy_a soil_n and_o be_v surround_v with_o a_o earthen_a wall_n the_o top_n whereof_o be_v cover_v with_o stone_n it_o be_v also_o very_o large_a and_o well_o people_v we_o have_v here_o great_a abundance_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o fruit_n among_o the_o rest_n some_o well-relished_a pear_n which_o keep_v a_o great_a while_n without_o the_o wall_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o city_n stand_v a_o most_o famous_a temple_n with_o a_o high_a tower_n exceed_v rare_a in_o the_o manner_n of_o building_n you_o climb_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o this_o tower_n by_o a_o pair_n of_o wind_v stair_n which_o be_v not_o build_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o tower_n but_o between_o two_o wall_n the_o fashion_n or_o form_n of_o this_o tower_n consist_v of_o eight_o corner_n and_o nine_o round_n or_o story_n each_o thirteen_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a so_o that_o the_o whole_a height_n of_o the_o tower_n be_v above_o 120_o foot_n and_o according_a to_o the_o height_n a_o proportionable_a thickness_n the_o outward_a wall_n be_v make_v of_o the_o same_o mould_n that_o the_o china_n dish_n be_v of_o and_o full_a of_o fretwork_n the_o wall_n within_o be_v polish_a marble_n of_o several_a colour_n and_o so_o smooth_a that_o you_o may_v see_v your_o face_n as_o in_o a_o mirror_n the_o gallery_n or_o round_n which_o be_v nine_o adorn_v the_o structure_n be_v of_o marble_n cut_v in_o figure_n or_o image_n and_o have_v hang_v at_o their_o corner_n very_o fine_a copper_n bell_n which_o when_o the_o wind_n blow_v among_o they_o make_v a_o very_a pleasant_a jingle_a murmur_n the_o light_n or_o window_n belong_v to_o these_o gallery_n be_v full_a of_o gild_a bar_n which_o when_o the_o sun_n shine_v upon_o they_o return_v beam_n as_o bright_a as_o they_o receive_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tower_n stand_v a_o figure_n signify_v the_o goddess_n of_o the_o place_n to_o who_o this_o structure_n be_v dedicate_v this_o image_n be_v make_v of_o plaister-work_n thirty_o foot_n high_a and_o wrought_v with_o gold_n and_o silver_n round_o about_o this_o tower_n stand_v several_a great_a and_o small_a image_n which_o be_v so_o curious_o wrought_v that_o they_o may_v be_v reckon_v among_o the_o great_a curiosity_n in_o china_n pinxenton_n leave_v his_o wife_n and_o child_n in_o this_o city_n of_o lince_a but_o he_o himself_o continue_v the_o voyage_n with_o we_o to_o peking_n here_o also_o die_v one_o of_o our_o trumpeter_n name_v verman_n who_o be_v bury_v in_o a_o idol-temple_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o magistrate_n who_o seldom_o suffer_v any_o stranger_n to_o be_v inter_v in_o their_o hallow_a ground_n have_v get_v through_o the_o river_n jun_n we_o enter_v into_o the_o guei_n which_o divide_v the_o province_n of_o xantung_n from_o peking_n who_o head_n spring_v on_o the_o westside_n of_o gueihoei_n the_o four_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n run_v from_o thence_o with_o many_o meander_n and_o turn_n towards_o the_o east_n betwixt_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n and_o peking_n disembogue_v into_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n about_o ninety_o mile_n from_o this_o city_n we_o sail_v eastward_o up_o this_o river_n and_o arrive_v upon_o the_o 25._o at_o the_o city_n of_o utin_n which_o be_v account_v the_o fourteen_o small_a city_n of_o the_o great_a tunchang_n thirty_o mile_n from_o lince_a situate_a upon_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o river_n guei_n upon_o the_o utmost_a confine_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n and_o handsome_o vest_v with_o a_o foursquare_a wall_n upon_o the_o north-side_n of_o it_o be_v large_a suburb_n close_o build_v with_o stately_a house_n the_o great_a edifice_n and_o other_o eminent_a ornament_n of_o this_o city_n be_v all_o ruin_v by_o the_o conquer_a tartar_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n most_o miserable_o abuse_v a_o great_a many_o of_o they_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n and_o other_o carry_v away_o captive_a as_o those_o that_o be_v leave_v relate_v unto_o we_o with_o great_a reluctance_n the_o situation_n seem_v delightful_a be_v pleasant_o vary_v with_o the_o prospect_n both_o of_o hill_n and_o valley_n and_o luxurious_a in_o the_o product_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o fruit_n the_o river_n guei_n run_v close_o by_o this_o city_n abound_v with_o fish_n and_o serve_v to_o water_v the_o field_n in_o a_o dry_a season_n to_o the_o great_a increase_n thereof_o i_o find_v myself_o again_o necessitate_v before_o i_o proceed_v in_o my_o relation_n to_o describe_v the_o condition_n confine_n and_o the_o number_n of_o great_a and_o small_a city_n through_o which_o we_o pass_v in_o this_o province_n of_o peking_n peking_n which_o be_v reckon_v the_o first_o of_o the_o fifteen_o province_n exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n in_o dignity_n because_o of_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n where_o the_o emperor_n reside_v at_o present_a and_o from_o whence_o it_o have_v denomination_n for_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n especial_o those_o who_o command_v since_o the_o incarnation_n settle_v their_o abode_n in_o this_o city_n the_o race_n of_o tame_v first_o transfer_v the_o imperial_a court_n from_o nank_v to_o peking_n the_o better_a to_o oppose_v the_o inroad_n of_o the_o tartar_n but_o though_o the_o imperial_a residence_n be_v thus_o remove_v to_o peking_n yet_o to_o this_o day_n the_o court_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o all_o sovereignty_n and_o magistracy_n stand_v firm_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n at_o nank_v as_o at_o peking_n though_o all_o the_o royal_a palace_n be_v total_o destroy_v by_o the_o last_o invasion_n the_o east_n of_o this_o province_n be_v border_v by_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o divide_v the_o island_n corea_n and_o japan_n on_o the_o north-east_n lie_v the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n towards_o the_o north_n the_o great_a tartarian_a wall_n and_o towards_o the_o west_n the_o province_n of_o xangsi_n where_o a_o long_a ridge_n of_o hill_n call_v hengi_n separate_v these_o country_n the_o yellow_a river_n which_o run_v through_o xansi_fw-la part_n this_o province_n towards_o the_o south_n from_o that_o of_o honan_n and_o towards_o the_o southeast_n of_o the_o river_n guei_n unite_v this_o with_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n and_o though_o this_o province_n of_o peking_n lie_v in_o the_o latitude_n but_o of_o 42_o degree_n yet_o the_o cold_a and_o frost_n be_v so_o great_a and_o intense_a there_o that_o oftentimes_o for_o four_o month_n together_o all_o the_o river_n and_o water_n be_v freeze_v up_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o they_o common_o ride_v their_o horse_n on_o the_o ice_n all_o which_o time_n the_o vessel_n lie_v fast_o freeze_v in_o and_o winter-bound_a the_o frost_n begin_v common_o in_o november_n and_o seldom_o be_v go_v till_o march_n twenty_o four_o hour_n freeze_v up_o all_o which_o be_v not_o thaw_v in_o many_o day_n the_o country_n lie_v low_a but_o be_v dry_a and_o healthful_a though_o very_o barren_a in_o comparison_n of_o the_o other_o province_n because_o of_o the_o great_a sandy_a place_n and_o wilderness_n but_o in_o respect_n the_o court_n keep_v there_o and_o so_o draw_v great_a store_n of_o people_n and_o traffic_n this_o natural_a defect_n be_v much_o repair_v this_o place_n produce_v store_n of_o corn_n but_o little_a rice_n which_o the_o courtier_n and_o their_o follower_n devour_v in_o this_o province_n be_v white_a rough_a cat_n not_o unlike_o the_o malteeza_n dog_n with_o long_a ear_n which_o be_v there_o the_o lady_n foisting-hound_n or_o playfellow_n they_o will_v catch_v no_o mouse_n be_v too_o much_o make_v of_o there_o be_v other_o cat_n that_o be_v good_a mouser_n but_o they_o be_v very_o scarce_o and_o have_v in_o great_a esteem_n they_o have_v here_o a_o convenient_a way_n of_o travel_v by_o land_n in_o a_o wagon_n with_o one_o wheel_n which_o only_o hold_v three_o person_n one_o in_o the_o middle_n and_o on_o each_o side_n one_o former_o this_o province_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a part_n and_o have_v particular_a name_n as_o jeu_o ki_n and_o many_o more_o it_o contain_v eight_o capital_a city_n each_o of_o which_o command_v over_o several_a small_a one_o insomuch_o that_o one_o capital_a city_n alone_o with_o the_o lesser_a under_o its_o jurisdiction_n be_v in_o effect_n a_o whole_a province_n they_o reckon_v in_o this_o province_n a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o five_o city_n great_a and_o small_a which_o be_v wall_v and_o fence_v for_o the_o number_n of_o the_o
undefended_a be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o chinese_n themselves_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o they_o in_o their_o map_n neither_o be_v they_o number_v by_o they_o the_o eight_o great_a city_n be_v xuntien_n or_o peking_n paot_v hokien_n chint_v xunte_n quanp_v tame_v and_o jungp_v xuntien_n or_o peking_n the_o imperial_a city_n and_o where_o at_o present_a the_o great_a cham_n keep_v his_o court_n command_v over_o 26_o city_n and_o prescribe_v they_o their_o law_n as_o xuntien_n xuny_n chanp_v leanghiang_n mieyun_n hoatjo_n kugan_n jungce_v tungan_n hiangho_n tung_n sanho_n vuce_v paoti_n cho_n fangxan_n pa_n vengan_n tach_n poot_v ki_n jatien_n fungjung_a cunhoa_o pingko_n and_o que._n among_o these_o tung_n cho_n pa_n and_o ki_v be_v the_o chief_a and_o may_v be_v compare_v with_o capital_a city_n for_o bigness_n and_o magnificence_n paot_v command_v over_o 20_o small_a city_n as_o paot_v muonch_a ganso_n tingh_v sinch_a thank_fw-mi poye_fw-fr kingtu_fw-fr jungch_v huon_n ly_n hiung_a khi_fw-la kince_n tunglo_n begin_v caoyang_n singan_n you_o and_o laixui_fw-la hokien_fw-mi command_v over_o 18_o city_n as_o hokien_n hien_n neuch_v son_a gnikien_n kiacho_fw-it ce_v hingci_n cinghai_n ningcin_n king_n ukiao_n tungquang_n kuch_v cang_v nanpi_n jenxan_n and_o kingyun_n among_o which_o cang_n be_v the_o chief_a chint_v command_v over_o 32_o city_n as_o chint_v chink_a hoclo_n lungxeu_o khoch_v loch_a vukie_n pingxan_n heup_v ting_n snilo_n kioyang_n hintang_n ki_n nancung_n sinho_n caokiang_n vuye_n cyn_n gang_v jaoyang_n vukiang_n chaos_n pohiang_n lungp_v caoye_n lince_a ganboang_v ningcin_n xui_o hengxui_fw-la and_o yuenxi_fw-la among_o these_o ting_n chaos_n and_o xin_o be_v the_o chief_a xunte_n command_v over_o nine_o city_n as_o xunte_v xabo_n nanbo_n pinghiang_n quangcung_n kiulo_n thangxan_n ninkieu_o and_o gin._n quanp_v command_v likewise_o over_o nine_o city_n as_o quanp_v kiocheu_o fihiang_n kioe_v hantan_o quanpung_a chinggan_n guei_n and_o cingho_n tame_v command_v over_o eleven_o city_n as_o tame_v yam_a nanlo_n guei_n cingfung_a nuihoang_v siun_z hoa_o caiazzo_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o eleven_o changyven_v and_o tungm_v jungp_v command_v over_o six_o city_n as_o jungp_v ciengan_n vuning_n changly_n lo_n and_o lotung_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v three_o city_n more_o as_o yenp_v junp_a and_o paogan_n which_o be_v situate_a upon_o very_o advantageous_a place_n and_o be_v build_v to_o resist_v the_o force_n of_o the_o tartar_n when_o they_o shall_v march_v beyond_o the_o wall_n in_o this_o province_n be_v fourteen_o garrison_n which_o be_v chief_o contrive_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o wall_n the_o name_n whereof_o be_v these_o siven_fw-mi vansve_v hoaigan_n caip_v cungnuen_n change_v begin_v chech_v juncheu_o vunin_n thou_o jungp_v xangas_n and_o tiencin_n the_o chinese_n register_n wherein_o the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n of_o this_o province_n be_v set_v down_o make_v mention_n of_o four_o hundred_o eighty_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o eighty_o nine_o family_n and_o thirty_o four_o hundred_o fifty_o two_o thousand_o two_o hunered_a and_o fifty_o four_o fight_a men._n the_o revenue_n of_o this_o province_n pay_v yearly_o to_o the_o emperor_n consist_v of_o six_o hundred_o thousand_o eleven_o hundred_o fifty_o three_o sack_n of_o salt_n rice_n and_o corn_n two_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o four_o pound_n of_o unwrought_a fine_a flax_n forty_o five_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o five_o pound_n of_o wrought_a silk_n thirteen_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o forty_o eight_o pound_n of_o cotton_n one_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o thousand_o eight_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o weight_n of_o salt_n eighty_o seven_o hundred_o thirty_o seven_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o four_o truss_n of_o hay_n or_o straw_n beside_o several_a other_o tax_n which_o be_v pay_v in_o money_n upon_o the_o 26._o of_o june_n we_o come_v to_o kuch_v the_o first_o place_n we_o come_v at_o in_o this_o province_n of_o peking_n and_o the_o fourteen_o small_a city_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o three_o chief_a city_n of_o hokien_n in_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n this_o city_n which_o we_o find_v situate_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n guei_n lie_v about_o twenty_o three_o mile_n from_o vuch_v in_o a_o even_a and_o flat_a country_n yet_o very_o delightful_a in_o prospect_n her_o wall_n be_v high_a well_o build_v and_o abound_v in_o people_n and_o trade_n her_o suburb_n very_o magnificent_a we_o make_v no_o stay_n here_o but_o hasten_v on_o towards_o peking_n and_o by_o the_o way_n we_o see_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n guei_n whole_a field_n full_a of_o tree_n upon_o with_o the_o cotton-wooll_n grow_v which_o occasion_n a_o mighty_a trade_n in_o the_o adjacent_a part_n upon_o the_o 28._o we_o come_v to_o tacheu_o which_o some_o call_v ukiao_n account_v the_o twelve_o small_a city_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o same_o hâ—kien_fw-fr lie_v about_o eighteen_o mile_n from_o kuch_v situate_a on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n and_o surround_v with_o a_o wall_n of_o thirty_o foot_n high_a strengthen_v with_o bulwark_n and_o watch-tower_n well_o build_v and_o adorn_v with_o several_a temple_n have_v also_o a_o large_a suburb_n which_o reach_v far_o upon_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n in_o this_o city_n be_v the_o staple_n of_o the_o drink_n zamsou_n make_v of_o rice_n and_o drink_v in_o stead_n of_o wine_n the_o inhabitant_n export_v this_o liquor_n through_o all_o part_n of_o china_n which_o occasion_n a_o great_a commerce_n in_o this_o place_n for_o both_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n come_v with_o their_o vessel_n far_o and_o near_o to_o be_v freight_v with_o this_o drink_n which_o they_o afterward_o transport_v to_o other_o place_n the_o chineses_n tell_v we_o that_o about_o ten_o mile_n from_o this_o tacheu_fw-la near_o to_o the_o second_o small_a city_n call_v hien_n be_v a_o pool_n call_v vo_o who_o water_n turn_v as_o red_a as_o blood_n if_o you_o fling_v a_o stick_n into_o it_o and_o that_o from_o the_o leave_n which_o fall_v from_o those_o tree_n which_o grow_v about_o this_o lake_n come_v forth_o immediate_o live_v swallow_n upon_o the_o 28._o of_o june_n we_o sail_v by_o tonquam_fw-la with_o fair_a wind_n and_o wether_n it_o lie_v likewise_o upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n guei_n about_o a_o musquet-shot_a from_o the_o stream_n and_o be_v account_v the_o thirteen_o small_a city_n under_o the_o chief_a city_n hokien_n this_o place_n a_o privilege_n not_o grant_v to_o any_o other_o have_v a_o guard_n only_o of_o chineses_n build_v as_o the_o rest_n square_a and_o fence_v with_o a_o thick_a and_o strong_a wall_n encompass_v also_o with_o a_o deep_a and_o broad_a moat_n or_o trench_n the_o field_n near_o the_o town_n be_v curious_o plant_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o fruit_n tree_n the_o adjacent_a country_n of_o this_o as_o also_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n hokien_n within_o which_o jurisdiction_n this_o tonquam_fw-la be_v situate_a lie_v flat_a and_o much_o upon_o a_o clay_n towards_o the_o east_n lie_v large_a and_o flat_a field_n be_v wash_v by_o the_o great_a indian_a sea_n from_o whence_o be_v continual_o fetch_v great_a store_n of_o salt_n upon_o the_o desire_n of_o pinxenton_n the_o ambassador_n send_v i_o and_o some_o other_o of_o their_o follower_n with_o twelve_o tartar_n soldier_n into_o the_o city_n to_o see_v a_o lion_n make_v of_o iron_n which_o they_o report_v to_o be_v extraordinary_a large_a and_o terrible_a stand_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o marketplace_n but_o the_o chinese_n when_o they_o see_v we_o come_v shut_v their_o gate_n upon_o we_o and_o hide_v themselves_o in_o their_o house_n be_v strike_v with_o terror_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o hollander_n so_o that_o we_o be_v necessitate_v to_o return_v back_o to_o our_o vessel_n without_o enter_v into_o the_o city_n pinxenton_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o chineses_n tell_v we_o of_o several_a other_o strange_a thing_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o this_o city_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o unwillingness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o give_v we_o entrance_n i_o see_v none_o of_o they_o and_o so_o can_v only_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o outward_a structure_n of_o the_o same_o as_o it_o lay_v vest_v with_o large_a wall_n upon_o the_o second_o of_o july_n we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n before_o the_o city_n of_o sanglo_n about_o fifty_o five_o mile_n from_o tonquam_fw-la upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n guei_n this_o city_n lie_v a_o little_a distant_a from_o the_o river_n and_o have_v very_o brave_a suburb_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o bank_n which_o be_v well_o build_v and_o full_a of_o people_n and_o trade_n here_o dwell_v a_o great_a number_n of_o tartar_n and_o of_o a_o more_o considerable_a quality_n than_o any_o we_o find_v in_o our_o whole_a voyage_n who_o no_o soon_o hear_v of_o our_o arrival_n but_o they_o immediate_o
come_v aboard_o in_o great_a state_n to_o bid_v we_o welcome_n upon_o this_o their_o friendly_a reception_n and_o entertainment_n we_o go_v ashore_o where_o on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o city_n we_o see_v five_o old_a triumphal_a arch_n through_o which_o we_o pass_v the_o city_n be_v both_o handsome_o build_v and_o well_o people_v be_v also_o environ_v with_o a_o old_a high_a wall_n the_o governor_n lady_n send_v a_o soldier_n to_o i_o and_o some_o other_o of_o our_o follower_n desire_v we_o to_o come_v to_o she_o we_o be_v conduct_v into_o a_o very_a large_a parlour_n where_o she_o like_o a_o goddess_n be_v expect_v our_o come_n attend_v by_o several_a tartar_n lady_n in_o very_o rich_a habit_n but_o she_o exceed_v they_o all_o for_o beauty_n and_o gallantry_n on_o her_o left_a hand_n stand_v a_o stately_a alchove_n upon_o which_o she_o cause_v i_o to_o sit_v down_o and_o acquaint_v she_o with_o the_o character_n of_o holland_n concern_v which_o she_o ask_v i_o several_a question_n to_o all_o which_o i_o return_v my_o answer_n with_o much_o freedom_n wherewith_o she_o seem_v very_o well_o please_v the_o same_o day_n we_o depart_v from_o sanglo_n and_o come_v in_o the_o evening_n to_o the_o village_n of_o tonnau_n situate_v over_o against_o a_o strong_a castle_n guard_v by_o a_o great_a garrison_n of_o tartar_n the_o house_n of_o this_o place_n be_v build_v of_o mud_n and_o dirt_n fit_a for_o dog-kennel_n than_o for_o people_n to_o inhabit_v in_o yet_o fit_a enough_o for_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o be_v of_o a_o sordid_a nature_n and_o very_o loose_a and_o uncivil_a deserve_v no_o better_o they_o live_v by_o pilfer_v and_o steal_v from_o one_o another_o and_o none_o escape_v plunder_v that_o pass_v that_o way_n without_o a_o guard_n to_o defend_v themselves_o from_o their_o violence_n upon_o the_o three_o of_o july_n we_o come_v to_o the_o small_a city_n of_o sinkicien_n which_o for_o brevity_n some_o call_v ce_v the_o seven_o small_a city_n under_o the_o chief_a city_n hokien_n lie_v also_o on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n guei_n in_o a_o flat_a and_o pleasant_a soil_n and_o about_o ten_o mile_n from_o sanglo_n this_o place_n be_v not_o very_o large_a yet_o full_a of_o people_n and_o trade_n as_o most_o of_o the_o city_n be_v which_o lie_n upon_o this_o river_n several_a famous_a edifice_n which_o be_v yet_o stand_v in_o and_o about_o this_o city_n clear_o evidence_n that_o this_o be_v former_o a_o most_o stately_a and_o magnificent_a place_n the_o country_n round_o about_o lie_v low_a and_o flat_a but_o very_o fruitful_a it_o abound_v with_o store_n of_o tame_a cattle_n and_o fish_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o several_a river_n which_o run_v through_o it_o there_o be_v very_o few_o hill_n in_o all_o this_o country_n of_o hokien_n to_o which_o this_o ce_n be_v subject_a only_o there_o be_v one_o not_o far_o from_o this_o place_n though_o the_o city_n itself_o lie_v upon_o a_o flat_a worthy_a the_o observation_n call_v by_o the_o chinese_n si._n the_o top_n of_o this_o hill_n be_v a_o delightful_a plain_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o fruitfulness_n they_o high_o esteem_v extend_v itself_o to_o a_o very_a great_a length_n upon_o which_o lie_v a_o small_a village_n inhabit_v only_o by_o cow-herd_n and_o husbandman_n the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o four_o of_o july_n we_o sail_v by_o the_o small_a city_n of_o sinkocien_n the_o eight_o small_a city_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o same_o chief_a city_n and_o situate_v about_o eight_o mile_n from_o sinkicien_n this_o be_v a_o small_a place_n but_o very_o strong_a have_v several_a watch-tower_n and_o bulwark_n for_o its_o defence_n it_o be_v not_o populous_a nor_o have_v any_o great_a trade_n though_o adorn_v with_o some_o brave_a building_n but_o most_o of_o the_o house_n belong_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v very_o mean_a and_o little_a within_o the_o wall_n be_v several_a temple_n which_o be_v a_o exceed_a ornament_n to_o the_o place_n but_o one_o which_o stand_v without_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n in_o a_o open_a field_n exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n for_o bigness_n beauty_n and_o art_n this_o building_n indeed_o be_v so_o rare_a a_o piece_n that_o we_o may_v well_o admire_v their_o wondrous_a skill_n in_o architecture_n which_o they_o boast_v of_o former_o the_o whole_a fabric_n consist_v of_o three_o round_n the_o low_a part_n whereof_o stand_v upon_o a_o pedestal_n of_o stone_n into_o which_o you_o ascend_v by_o step_n the_o first_o be_v adorn_v with_o great_a gate_n and_o each_o corner_n support_v with_o most_o curious_a column_n and_o pillar_n the_o second_o round_n have_v stately_a window_n and_o large_a pillar_n like_o the_o first_o by_o which_o the_o roof_n be_v also_o support_v the_o three_o be_v likewise_o beautify_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o whole_a building_n on_o the_o outside_n be_v adorn_v with_o fretwork_n and_o at_o each_o corner_n hang_v little_a bell_n the_o inside_n of_o this_o fane_n seem_v not_o so_o beautiful_a as_o the_o outward_a decoration_n of_o the_o wall_n thereof_o be_v only_o hang_v with_o great_a and_o small_a image_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n as_o well_o temple_n as_o dwelling-house_n pay_v extraordinary_a great_a tax_n which_o do_v exceed_o lessen_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o priest_n it_o seem_v that_o the_o idolater_n here_o so_o far_o as_o we_o can_v by_o the_o outward_a show_n judge_n of_o they_o be_v nothing_o near_o so_o devout_a in_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n as_o those_o in_o other_o part_n for_o in_o some_o place_n we_o see_v their_o idol_n whole_o desert_v and_o leave_v quite_o naked_a without_o any_o ornament_n upon_o they_o other_o be_v only_o cover_v with_o mat_n and_o have_v straw_n hat_n upon_o their_o head_n so_o to_o defend_v they_o from_o the_o injury_n of_o the_o wether_n and_o make_v they_o hold_v out_o and_o last_v the_o long_o towards_o night_n set_v sail_n we_o see_v a_o strange_a uproar_v among_o the_o people_n who_o be_v all_o up_o in_o arm_n and_o have_v divide_v themselves_o into_o several_a troop_n to_o defend_v their_o country_n against_o the_o grasshopper_n which_o occasion_n oftentimes_o a_o very_a great_a dearth_n and_o scarcity_n these_o creature_n come_v once_o a_o year_n about_o that_o time_n when_o we_o be_v there_o with_o a_o easterly_a wind_n in_o such_o mighty_a swarm_n or_o squadron_n that_o they_o devour_v all_o they_o meet_v with_o and_o that_o in_o a_o few_o hour_n leave_v the_o field_n utter_o dismantle_v to_o prevent_v these_o invader_n and_o sweep-clean_a plunderer_n the_o inhabitant_n march_v to_o and_o again_o through_o the_o field_n with_o their_o colour_n and_o ensign_n fly_v shout_a and_o hollow_v all_o the_o way_n they_o go_v by_o which_o mean_v these_o destroyer_n be_v keep_v from_o fix_v and_o do_v such_o execution_n upon_o their_o grain_n and_o thus_o the_o peasant_n continual_o endeavour_v to_o preserve_v their_o labour_n and_o product_n who_o otherwise_o will_v certain_o lose_v the_o whole_a benefit_n of_o their_o harvest_n for_o that_o year_n they_o never_o leave_v they_o when_o they_o see_v a_o party_n come_v till_o they_o have_v drive_v they_o into_o the_o sea_n or_o some_o river_n where_o they_o fall_v down_o and_o be_v drown_v and_o so_o it_o happen_v that_o they_o drive_v a_o fly_a regiment_n so_o long_o till_o they_o fall_v down_o upon_o our_o head_n and_o our_o vessel_n be_v cover_v with_o they_o which_o we_o afterward_o fling_v into_o the_o river_n the_o same_o day_n we_o arrive_v at_o the_o seaport_n of_o tiencienwey_n account_v for_o the_o most_o famous_a sea-town_n of_o all_o china_n their_o chief_a harbour_n be_v three_o the_o first_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n or_o quancheu_fw-la situate_v in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n the_o second_o jejencien_fw-fr in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v and_o the_o three_o tiencienwey_n situate_a upon_o the_o utmost_a confine_v towards_o the_o east_n of_o this_o province_n of_o peking_n near_o to_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n cang_v in_o a_o corner_n where_o three_o river_n of_o this_o province_n meet_v and_o upon_o which_o stand_v a_o strong_a fortress_n the_o country_n round_o about_o be_v very_o low_a and_o marshy_a the_o city_n of_o tiencienwey_n itself_o lie_v thirty_o mile_n from_o singlo_n build_v also_o with_o strong_a wall_n twenty_o five_o foot_n high_a full_a of_o watch-tower_n and_o bulwark_n and_o the_o place_n much_o set_v forth_o with_o temple_n very_o populous_a and_o so_o full_a of_o trade_n that_o hardly_o the_o like_a commerce_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o other_o city_n in_o all_o china_n for_o whatsoever_o vessel_n be_v bind_v for_o peking_n from_o any_o other_o part_n of_o china_n must_v touch_v here_o which_o occasion_n a_o extraordinary_a traffic_n to_o ship_n which_o lie_n continual_o before_o this_o city_n here_o be_v also_o the_o
staple_n of_o all_o commodity_n this_o be_v a_o free_a port_n and_o no_o custom_n pay_v for_o any_o good_n export_v or_o import_v the_o castle_n which_o stand_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o three_o river_n have_v very_o high_a wall_n and_o tower_n much_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o city_n and_o adjacent_a country_n we_o lay_v all_o night_n close_o to_o the_o wall_n in_o our_o vessel_n to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n to_o pursue_v our_o voyage_n in_o the_o morning_n the_o governor_n and_o magistrate_n of_o the_o city_n come_v aboard_o to_o welcome_v we_o and_o receive_v the_o ambassador_n but_o pinxenton_n to_o show_v that_o he_o be_v likewise_o to_o be_v honour_v so_o order_v the_o matter_n that_o they_o make_v he_o their_o first_o salute_v and_o because_o the_o mandorin_n of_o the_o old_a canton_n viceroy_n be_v order_v to_o hasten_v over_o land_n for_o peking_n to_o signify_v to_o the_o emperor_n the_o come_n of_o the_o ambassador_n they_o give_v pinxenton_n entertainment_n in_o a_o magnificent_a idol-temple_n to_o which_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o company_n be_v invite_v and_o this_o be_v do_v only_o to_o this_o end_n to_o confer_v together_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o be_v to_o manage_v the_o business_n upon_o our_o arrival_n at_o peking_n the_o ambassador_n have_v thorough_o instruct_v this_o mandorin_n how_o he_o shall_v make_v the_o grandee_n of_o the_o court_n to_o be_v of_o our_o party_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v he_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o procure_v for_o we_o a_o free_a trade_n in_o china_n he_o take_v his_o leave_n and_o depart_v late_o in_o the_o night_n for_o peking_n we_o make_v what_o haste_n we_o can_v after_o he_o with_o our_o vessel_n and_o upon_o the_o 11._o we_o come_v to_o joeswoe_n the_o eight_o small_a city_n under_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o lie_v about_o forty_o mile_n from_o tiencin_n this_o small_a city_n be_v well_o build_v and_o full_a of_o trade_n and_o have_v a_o wealthy_a suburb_n belong_v to_o it_o all_o ship_n or_o vessel_n which_o pass_v this_o way_n pay_v custom_n here_o which_o bring_v a_o great_a revenue_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o also_o store_n of_o trade_n and_o for_o that_o end_n the_o emperor_n have_v his_o officer_n reside_v here_o to_o receive_v the_o toll_n of_o all_o such_o vessel_n there_o be_v several_a temple_n and_o other_o curious_a edifice_n which_o be_v magnificent_a ornament_n to_o the_o place_n we_o have_v add_v to_o each_o province_n of_o the_o fifteen_o what_o revenue_n each_o pay_v yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n without_o the_o income_n of_o the_o custom-house_n where_o they_o pay_v for_o all_o ware_n and_o vessel_n these_o excise-place_n be_v very_o numerous_a through_o all_o china_n but_o what_o each_o may_v bring_v in_o yearly_a i_o can_v not_o well_o discover_v neither_o be_v it_o easy_a because_o the_o emperor_n appoint_v his_o own_o officer_n from_o who_o he_o receive_v their_o account_n the_o ambassador_n be_v receive_v here_o by_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n with_o great_a civility_n and_o entertain_v at_o his_o house_n in_o much_o state_n which_o to_o requite_v in_o some_o measure_n they_o send_v he_o some_o present_n which_o he_o civil_o refuse_v in_o regard_n they_o have_v not_o yet_o see_v the_o emperor_n but_o some_o glass_n of_o rose-water_n be_v afterward_o at_o his_o request_n send_v unto_o he_o which_o he_o accept_v the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 12._o of_o july_n we_o pass_v by_o focheu_o which_o be_v also_o call_v by_o some_o queen_n and_o reckon_v for_o the_o twenty_o six_z small_a city_n under_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o peking_n it_o lie_v on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n about_o fifteen_o mile_n from_o joeswoe_n in_o a_o very_a pleasant_a soil_n this_o place_n be_v not_o very_o large_a but_o well_o build_v and_o full_a of_o brave_a edifice_n be_v surround_v with_o a_o high_a wall_n and_o strengthen_v with_o watch-tower_n and_o bulwark_n on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o city_n without_o the_o wall_n stand_v a_o very_a fine_a temple_n with_o a_o tower_n of_o nine_o round_n high_a very_o curious_o build_v there_o be_v likewise_o in_o this_o place_n several_a triumphal_a arch_n much_o adorn_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o 16._o of_o july_n we_o come_v to_o sancianwey_n or_o sanho_n about_o twelve_o mile_n from_o focheu_o and_o four_o from_o peking_n this_o be_v the_o twelve_o small_a city_n under_o the_o imperial_a city_n peking_n and_o stand_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n it_o be_v very_o populous_a and_o well_o fortify_v have_v a_o strong_a castle_n for_o defence_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o city_n stand_v a_o triumphal_a arch_n very_o artificial_o build_v of_o gray_a stone_n the_o southside_n have_v a_o broad_a stone_n bridge_n which_o rest_v upon_o five_o arch_n and_o be_v forty_o two_o pace_n long_o with_o house_n on_o each_o side_n this_o city_n of_o sancianwey_n and_o the_o follow_a tongsiou_n be_v within_o four_o mile_n of_o peking_n and_o so_o to_o the_o imperial_a city_n you_o make_v no_o near_o approach_v by_o water_n for_o common_o all_o good_n thither_o design_v be_v unlade_v either_o at_o sancianwey_n or_o tongsiou_n and_o so_o carry_v by_o land_n in_o wagon_n or_o upon_o mule_n and_o ass_n which_o be_v always_o to_o be_v have_v and_o stand_v there_o ready_a this_o way_n of_o carry_v good_n by_o land_n to_o peking_n maintain_v a_o great_a many_o poor_a people_n who_o have_v no_o other_o manner_n of_o livelihood_n but_o carry_v burden_n which_o they_o trudge_v under_o at_o a_o very_a reasonable_a rate_n to_o this_o city_n come_v the_o mandorin_n back_o who_o the_o ambassador_n have_v send_v out_o before_o to_o peking_n the_o next_o day_n come_v likewise_o twenty_o four_o horse_n with_o several_a wagon_n and_o cart_n which_o the_o council_n send_v to_o fetch_v the_o emperor_n present_n and_o our_o carriage_n all_o thing_n be_v ready_a the_o ambassador_n begin_v their_o journey_n by_o land_n to_o peking_n after_o this_o follow_a order_n two_o trumpeter_n rid_v at_o a_o distance_n before_o then_o follow_v the_o standard-bearer_n with_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n blazonry_n next_o to_o he_o the_o ambassador_n accompany_v with_o several_a tartar_n lord_n and_o gentleman_n well_o mount_v the_o captain_n and_o soldier_n who_o have_v thus_o far_o conduct_v the_o ambassador_n and_o be_v about_o fifty_o in_o number_n come_v after_o in_o good_a order_n with_o the_o emperor_n present_n and_o the_o ambassador_n good_n the_o road_n to_o peking_n be_v so_o full_a of_o people_n horse_n and_o wagon_n as_o if_o a_o army_n have_v be_v upon_o the_o march_n the_o way_n be_v exceed_o bad_a between_o this_o place_n and_o the_o city_n be_v very_o deep_a and_o uneven_a so_o that_o the_o horse_n be_v up_o to_o the_o belly_n almost_o every_o step_n the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 17._o we_o ride_v through_o tongsiou_n by_o some_o call_v tung_n and_o reckon_v for_o the_o eleven_o small_a city_n under_o the_o same_o jurisdiction_n situate_v in_o a_o very_a low_a and_o deep_a soil_n upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o highway_n which_o lead_v to_o peking_n this_o tongsiou_n be_v very_o large_a and_o fence_v with_o strong_a wall_n have_v likewise_o a_o wall_n divide_v it_o in_o the_o middle_n here_o be_v no_o street_n but_o several_a brave_a building_n and_o curious_a temple_n the_o country_n be_v very_o pleasant_a full_a of_o cornfield_n and_o fruit-tree_n near_o to_o the_o road_n stand_v a_o temple_n where_o the_o ambassador_n refresh_v themselves_o and_o then_o continue_v their_o journey_n in_o the_o forementioned_a order_n the_o way_n be_v throng_v with_o people_n on_o each_o side_n of_o we_o in_o the_o afternoon_n we_o come_v to_o the_o suburb_n of_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n account_v the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o province_n and_o be_v distant_a from_o canton_n 1530_o miles_n we_o pass_v through_o two_o magnificent_a gate_n into_o the_o city_n and_o light_v at_o a_o very_a famous_a temple_n into_o which_o the_o ambassador_n be_v invite_v the_o conduct_v to_o repose_v a_o while_n and_o to_o expect_v their_o carriage_n which_o be_v behind_o the_o ambassador_n be_v no_o soon_o enter_v but_o they_o be_v present_o welcome_v and_o salute_v by_o the_o emperor_n capado_n who_o carry_v a_o falcon_n upon_o his_o hand_n and_o also_o by_o the_o agent_n of_o the_o canton_n vice-roys_n who_o reside_v here_o and_o by_o several_a grandee_n of_o the_o court._n after_o they_o have_v a_o little_a refresh_v themselves_o with_o meat_n and_o drink_n and_o several_a sort_n of_o fruit_n and_o their_o carriage_n have_v be_v visit_v by_o the_o capado_n and_o the_o wagon_n and_o cart_n tell_v they_o be_v conduct_v from_o thence_o in_o great_a state_n to_o their_o lodging_n provide_v for_o they_o by_o the_o emperor_n this_o house_n be_v not_o far_o from_o the_o palace_n and_o have_v
other_o of_o the_o court_n in_o very_o rich_a habit_n to_o our_o lodging_n about_o two_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n with_o lantern_n to_o conduct_v the_o ambassador_n who_o be_v only_o attend_v by_o six_o of_o their_o follower_n the_o rest_n be_v order_v to_o stay_v at_o home_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o court_n they_o be_v first_o conduct_v through_o the_o outward_a gate_n and_o afterward_o over_o a_o quadrangle_n with_o a_o well-built_a gate_n and_o place_v upon_o the_o second_o plain_n of_o the_o court_n where_o we_o sit_v all_o night_n in_o the_o open_a air_n upon_o the_o bare_a stone_n till_o morning_n when_o his_o majesty_n be_v to_o appear_v upon_o his_o throne_n we_o be_v no_o soon_o seat_v but_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n accompany_v with_o five_o person_n of_o honour_n and_o about_o twenty_o servant_n come_v and_o place_v himself_o next_o to_o our_o ambassador_n as_o do_v also_o the_o ambassador_n of_o lammas_n and_o suytadsen_n next_o to_o 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emperor_n throne_n stand_v and_o the_o lodging_n for_o the_o great_a cham_n his_o wife_n and_o child_n this_o court_n which_o contain_v four_o hundred_o pace_n in_o the_o square_a be_v line_v on_o all_o side_n with_o a_o strong_a guard_n all_o of_o they_o in_o rich_a coat_n of_o crimson-coloured_a satin_n on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o throne_n stand_v a_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o soldier_n each_z whereof_o bear_v a_o several_a flag_n and_o likewise_o wear_v colour_v habit_n suitable_a to_o his_o ensign_n only_o they_o have_v all_o black_a hat_n with_o yellow_a feather_n next_o to_o the_o emperor_n throne_n stand_v twenty_o two_o gentleman_n each_o with_o a_o rich_a yellow_a screen_n or_o umbrello_n in_o his_o hand_n resemble_v the_o sun_n next_o to_o these_o stand_v ten_o other_o person_n each_o hold_v a_o gilt_n radiant_a circle_n in_o his_o hand_n resemble_v the_o sun_n next_o to_o these_o stand_v six_o other_o with_o circle_n imitate_v the_o moon_n at_o the_o full_a after_o 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foot_n low_o than_o when_o we_o come_v we_o discover_v here_o the_o top_n of_o several_a dangerous_a rock_n which_o appear_v very_o dreadful_a to_o we_o and_o make_v we_o sensible_a of_o the_o great_a danger_n we_o have_v escape_v in_o our_o go_n they_o be_v then_o unseen_a upon_o the_o same_o day_n late_o in_o the_o evening_n we_o come_v to_o sanyvum_fw-la where_o we_o lodge_v all_o night_n and_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n set_v sail_n again_o and_o come_v that_o day_n before_o the_o small_a town_n call_v xantsui_n we_o see_v here_o the_o adjacent_a field_n full_a of_o tent_n horse_n saddle_v and_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o soldier_n all_o stand_a ready_a for_o the_o march._n after_o a_o few_o hour_n sail_v we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o village_n faesan_n which_o appear_v very_o pleasant_a and_o delightful_a at_o a_o distance_n and_o in_o regard_n as_o we_o go_v to_o peking_n we_o pass_v by_o this_o village_n late_o in_o the_o evening_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o same_o i_o think_v good_a have_v now_o in_o our_o return_n a_o full_a view_n thereof_o to_o give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o its_o situation_n it_o lie_v near_o the_o river_n side_n be_v encompass_v with_o very_o pleasant_a field_n upon_o the_o 28._o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o arrive_v again_o before_o the_o famous_a chief_a city_n of_o canton_n which_o we_o have_v already_o describe_v at_o large_a francis_n lantsman_n who_o when_o we_o be_v go_v to_o peking_n take_v care_n for_o all_o our_o concern_v leave_v there_o with_o the_o two_o ship_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o man_n come_v immediate_o to_o welcome_a and_o receive_v the_o ambassador_n and_o have_v order_v the_o gunner_n of_o the_o ship_n to_o discharge_v all_o their_o ordnance_n upon_o their_o land_n which_o be_v according_o perform_v to_o the_o great_a admiration_n of_o the_o tartar_a lord_n who_o the_o emperor_n have_v appoint_v to_o attend_v the_o ambassador_n upon_o their_o voyage_n for_o their_o better_a accommodation_n who_o be_v no_o less_o surprise_v to_o see_v such_o vessel_n have_v never_o see_v the_o like_a no_o soon_o be_v the_o ambassador_n land_a but_o they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o old_a lodging_n and_o find_v all_o thing_n safe_a and_o in_o very_o good_a order_n to_o their_o great_a satisfaction_n the_o letter_n of_o the_o emperor_n write_v to_o the_o general_n john_n maatzuyker_n be_v take_v and_o carry_v by_o the_o secretary_n henry_n baron_n upon_o both_o his_o hand_n have_v a_o screen_n before_o he_o next_o to_o he_o follow_v the_o ambassador_n according_a to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o business_n in_o solemn_a order_n and_o for_o a_o more_o public_a demonstration_n of_o joy_n the_o cannon_n aboard_o the_o ship_n be_v discharge_v thrice_o the_o wall_n and_o street_n of_o the_o city_n be_v full_a of_o people_n to_o see_v the_o ceremony_n and_o to_o understand_v the_o success_n of_o their_o negotiation_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n desire_v nothing_o more_o 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noble_a banquet_n who_o lay_v the_o fault_n upon_o the_o portugese_n priest_n at_o peking_n that_o our_o business_n succeed_v no_o better_o there_o and_o he_o carry_v it_o so_o as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v very_o much_o offend_v with_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o they_o have_v every_o where_o report_v that_o there_o be_v but_o three_o king_n in_o europe_n whereof_o don_n john_n be_v one_o and_o that_o the_o hollander_n possess_v but_o a_o small_a corner_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v his_o tributary_n with_o much_o more_o of_o this_o nature_n the_o ambassador_n go_v the_o same_o day_n to_o salute_v the_o mandorin_n toju_n who_o receive_v they_o very_o courteous_o and_o tell_v they_o that_o poetsiensie_n and_o other_o lord_n dare_v not_o hold_v any_o conference_n with_o they_o because_o the_o tutang_n who_o they_o stand_v in_o awe_n of_o have_v not_o yet_o grant_v they_o audience_n upon_o the_o first_o of_o february_n the_o ambassador_n with_o the_o merchant_n lantsman_n and_o some_o other_o of_o their_o attendant_n to_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o person_n be_v most_o noble_o treat_v at_o a_o dinner_n by_o the_o old_a viceroy_n who_o entertain_v they_o first_o with_o thea_fw-mi out_o of_o wooden_a dish_n wish_v the_o ambassador_n to_o be_v merry_a and_o to_o drink_v sorrow_n from_o the_o heart_n since_o they_o have_v now_o pass_v the_o great_a danger_n after_o drink_v of_o the_o thea_fw-mi the_o trumpet_n sound_v and_o dinner_n be_v serve_v in_o each_o ambassador_n have_v a_o particular_a table_n full_a of_o dish_n but_o before_o they_o begin_v to_o eat_v the_o king_n call_v for_o a_o gold_n goblet_n full_a of_o wine_n and_o command_v two_o of_o his_o gentleman_n to_o carry_v one_o to_o each_o of_o the_o ambassador_n and_o to_o let_v they_o know_v they_o be_v hearty_o welcome_a as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v pledge_v his_o majesty_n they_o fall_v to_o their_o meat_n and_o whilst_o they_o be_v at_o table_n the_o king_n ask_v they_o several_a question_n concern_v 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the_o tutang_n who_o have_v defer_v they_o till_o his_o arrival_n the_o ambassador_n find_v they_o can_v not_o effect_v any_o thing_n with_o their_o visit_n return_v to_o their_o lodging_n and_o go_v aboard_o that_o night_n and_o set_v sail_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n but_o after_o a_o few_o hour_n sail_v the_o wind_n turn_v and_o we_o be_v force_v to_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n not_o far_o from_o canton_n where_o we_o lie_v all_o night_n upon_o the_o 23._o come_v the_o steward_n of_o the_o vice-roys_n and_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o guard_n with_o the_o mandorin_n who_o have_v accompany_v the_o ambassador_n forward_o and_o backward_o from_o peking_n and_o treat_v they_o in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o master_n with_o their_o strong_a liquor_n samsou_n in_o the_o king_n own_o dish_n they_o wish_v the_o ambassador_n a_o speedy_a and_o successful_a voyage_n and_o that_o they_o may_v sudden_o return_v again_o and_o after_o some_o health_n have_v go_v about_o they_o take_v leave_v and_o go_v back_o to_o canton_n and_o we_o immediate_o hoist_a sail_n and_o come_v upon_o the_o 28._o about_o sunset_n to_o a_o anchor_n in_o the_o harbour_n of_o heytamon_n the_o ambassador_n have_v send_v the_o governor_n a_o prince_n flag_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v hang_v out_o with_o the_o tartar_n standard_n upon_o the_o fort_n as_o a_o sign_n that_o the_o ambassador_n be_v welcome_a to_o he_o upon_o the_o second_o of_o march_n about_o midnight_n we_o weigh_v anchor_n and_o set_v sail_n with_o a_o easterly_a wind_n from_o the_o harbour_n of_o heytamon_n steer_v our_o course_n southeast_n at_o break_v of_o day_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o famous_a village_n of_o lantam_n which_o lie_v in_o a_o very_a commodious_a place_n adorn_v with_o goodly_a building_n and_o may_v be_v see_v at_o a_o great_a distance_n off_o at_o sea_n we_o
quarter_n so_o that_o they_o be_v all_o continual_o busy_a about_o weighty_a affair_n but_o the_o number_n and_o good_a order_n of_o the_o officer_n very_o much_o facilitate_v their_o work_n for_o in_o each_o council_n be_v a_o precedent_n who_o they_o call_v ciu_o who_o have_v two_o assistant_n one_o on_o his_o right_a side_n call_v coxilam_n and_o another_o on_o his_o left_a term_v yeuxilam_n these_o three_o both_o at_o court_n and_o through_o the_o whole_a empire_n have_v the_o high_a dignity_n except_o those_o who_o sit_v in_o the_o supreme_a council_n call_v colao_n beside_o these_o three_o principal_a councillor_n there_o be_v belong_v to_o each_o council_n ten_o other_o who_o differ_v but_o little_a in_o dignity_n from_o the_o rest_n be_v always_o employ_v together_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o inferior_a officer_n as_o notary_n scribe_n secretaries_z and_o clerk_n the_o jesuit_n semedo_n in_o his_o relation_n of_o china_n mention_n several_a other_o council_n whereof_o some_o have_v a_o like_a authority_n with_o the_o beforementioned_a six_o all_o which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o chinese_n tongue_n cien_n cim_o and_o consist_v of_o several_a office_n belong_v particular_o to_o the_o king_n household_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v call_v thai_n lisu_n that_o be_v the_o council_n of_o the_o great_a audite_fw-la this_o office_n seem_v like_o the_o great_a chancery_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therein_o all_o weighty_a affair_n receive_v a_o determination_n it_o consist_v of_o thirteen_o mandorin_n one_o councillor_n two_o assistant_n and_o ten_o under-officer_n the_o second_o be_v call_v quon_n losu_n and_o provide_v for_o their_o imperial_a majesty_n table_n and_o for_o all_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o emperor_n court._n this_o council_n have_v one_o councillor_n two_o assistant_n and_o six_o officer_n the_o three_o call_v thaipocusu_n have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n stable_n and_o make_v provision_n of_o all_o post-horse_n for_o public_a use_n and_o service_n it_o consist_v of_o one_o councillor_n and_o six_o officer_n beside_o all_o these_o there_o be_v yet_o another_o council_n high_o than_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o of_o the_o great_a dignity_n have_v place_n next_o the_o emperor_n in_o all_o public_a solemnity_n those_o that_o sit_v in_o this_o council_n be_v call_v colaos_n be_v seldom_o above_o four_o or_o six_o in_o number_n and_o the_o most_o select_a person_n of_o all_o the_o other_o council_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o be_v honour_v and_o reverence_v according_o no_o private_a affair_n be_v bring_v to_o they_o for_o they_o only_o mind_v the_o public_a good_a and_o government_n sit_v with_o the_o emperor_n in_o private_a council_n for_o the_o abovementioned_a six_o council_n intermeddle_v not_o with_o the_o affoirs_n of_o the_o state_n as_o to_o make_v any_o conclusion_n upon_o they_o they_o be_v only_o to_o debate_n and_o consult_v and_o afterward_o by_o way_n of_o petition_n to_o offer_v their_o advice_n to_o the_o emperor_n who_o either_o alter_v or_o confirm_v what_o they_o have_v do_v according_a as_o he_o see_v cause_n but_o in_o regard_n he_o will_v not_o seem_v whole_o to_o rely_v upon_o his_o own_o judgement_n some_o of_o the_o chief_a philosopher_n always_o attend_v upon_o this_o colaos_n or_o council_n and_o come_v daily_o to_o the_o palace_n to_o answer_v petition_n which_o be_v bring_v continual_o to_o the_o emperor_n in_o great_a number_n this_o last_o conclusion_n the_o emperor_n sign_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n that_o so_o afterward_o his_o command_n may_v be_v execute_v there_o be_v yet_o two_o council_n more_o whereof_o the_o one_o be_v call_v choli_fw-la and_o the_o other_o tauli_n each_o consist_v of_o above_o sixty_o person_n all_o choice_a philosopher_n and_o wise_a man_n who_o fidelity_n and_o prudence_n both_o the_o emperor_n and_o people_n sufficient_o have_v approve_v and_o therefore_o they_o hold_v they_o in_o great_a honour_n and_o esteem_v with_o these_o his_o majesty_n advise_v upon_o all_o extraordinary_a and_o weighty_a affair_n but_o more_o especial_o when_o any_o thing_n have_v be_v commit_v against_o the_o law_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v several_a other_o council_n whereof_o the_o chief_a be_v call_v han_n lin_n yven_v where_o be_v employ_v none_o but_o learned_a man_n who_o busy_a themselves_o with_o no_o affair_n of_o the_o government_n yet_o exceed_v all_o in_o dignity_n except_o such_o as_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n their_o charge_n be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o emperor_n write_n to_o compile_v year-book_n and_o write_v law_n and_o order_n from_o among_o these_o be_v choose_v governor_n and_o tutor_n for_o the_o prince_n they_o only_o be_v concern_v in_o matter_n of_o learning_n wherein_o as_o they_o grow_v more_o and_o more_o excellent_a they_o mount_v by_o several_a step_n to_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o honour_n come_v afterward_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o place_n of_o the_o great_a dignity_n in_o the_o court_n neither_o be_v any_o choose_v into_o the_o great_a colao_n who_o have_v not_o first_o be_v of_o this_o council_n they_o delight_v in_o poetry_n and_o get_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o money_n by_o their_o write_n as_o in_o make_v of_o epitaph_n poem_n and_o the_o like_a to_o pleasure_v their_o friend_n and_o very_o happy_a he_o esteem_v himself_o that_o can_v obtain_v such_o a_o favour_n of_o they_o the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n nank_v where_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n former_o keep_v their_o court_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o peking_n save_v that_o at_o nank_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o colao_n be_v not_o in_o be_v but_o the_o esteem_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o council_n here_o be_v as_o much_o eclipse_v for_o want_n of_o as_o at_o peking_n it_o be_v advance_v by_o the_o emperor_n presence_n thus_o far_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o government_n in_o general_a in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o will_v treat_v of_o particular_a and_o provincial_a jurisdiction_n the_o whole_a empire_n be_v divide_v into_o fifteen_o province_n in_o the_o principal_a city_n whereof_o the_o chief_a and_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n reside_v differ_v little_a in_o method_n and_o rule_n from_o those_o of_o peking_n and_o nank_v and_o so_o not_o consequent_o one_o from_o another_o the_o regiment_n of_o each_o province_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o care_n and_o fidelity_n of_o two_o person_n who_o they_o call_v pucinsu_n and_o manganzasu_fw-la the_o first_o whereof_o intermeddle_v only_o with_o civil_a affair_n and_o the_o other_o be_v altogether_o concern_v in_o criminal_a matter_n they_o have_v both_o their_o seat_n of_o judicature_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o their_o province_n and_o live_v in_o great_a magnificence_n have_v beside_o several_a officer_n assistant_n unto_o they_o as_o also_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n call_v tauli_n who_o in_o regard_n they_o command_v over_o some_o other_o inferior_a city_n it_o often_o happen_v that_o they_o be_v absent_a from_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n to_o take_v care_n of_o their_o employment_n all_o the_o fifteen_o province_n as_o have_v be_v already_o say_v be_v subdivide_v into_o several_a other_o less_o portion_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v furio_n over_o each_o of_o which_o be_v appoint_v a_o governor_n call_v gifu_n these_o division_n be_v again_o proportion_v into_o great_a and_o small_a city_n the_o first_o whereof_o they_o call_v ceu_fw-la and_o the_o last_o hien_n each_o have_v a_o particular_a magistrate_n which_o in_o the_o great_a city_n be_v call_v ciceu_n and_o in_o the_o less_o be_v name_v cihien_n for_o ci_o signify_v to_o govern._n every_o principal_a governor_n of_o these_o city_n be_v aid_v by_o three_o councillor_n who_o assist_v they_o with_o advice_n in_o all_o their_o affair_n and_o undertake_n the_o first_o be_v call_v hun_n chim_z the_o second_o chu_n phu_o and_o the_o three_o tun_n su_n and_o have_v their_o particular_a court_n and_o judicature_n but_o the_o governor_n over_o the_o whole_a division_n have_v no_o more_o authority_n in_o the_o place_n of_o his_o residence_n than_o in_o the_o other_o city_n under_o his_o command_n true_a it_o be_v he_o may_v condemn_v a_o malefactor_n to_o die_v but_o he_o can_v put_v the_o sentence_n in_o execution_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v join_v in_o commission_n with_o he_o but_o in_o regard_n a_o account_n must_v be_v give_v of_o the_o whole_a management_n of_o affair_n and_o the_o transaction_n of_o all_o the_o province_n at_o the_o court_n at_o peking_n therefore_o in_o each_o province_n there_o be_v appoint_v two_o other_o great_a officer_n by_o the_o court_n who_o in_o eminency_n of_o honour_n and_o grandeur_n of_o commission_n exceed_v the_o rest_n the_o one_o of_o these_o always_o reside_v in_o some_o of_o the_o province_n and_o be_v call_v tutang_n the_o other_o be_v send_v yearly_o from_o the_o court_n at_o peking_n and_o
call_v chayven_v the_o first_o have_v a_o superintendent_n power_n over_o the_o other_o magistrate_n and_o subject_n command_v the_o soldiery_n and_o be_v concern_v in_o all_o the_o chief_a office_n of_o the_o empire_n by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o be_v not_o inferior_a to_o the_o great_a vice-roys_n in_o europe_n either_o for_o power_n or_o pomp._n he_o continue_v three_o year_n in_o the_o employment_n and_o all_o that_o time_n have_v constant_o courier_n go_v to_o and_o come_v from_o court_n and_o this_o because_o he_o must_v daily_o give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o pass_v in_o his_o province_n at_o his_o first_o go_v from_o court_n several_a person_n of_o great_a quality_n who_o also_o be_v of_o his_o council_n be_v send_v to_o wait_v upon_o he_o to_o his_o palace_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o city_n and_o town_n through_o which_o he_o pass_v go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o with_o great_a respect_n and_o accompany_v he_o good_a part_n of_o his_o way_n both_o on_o horseback_n and_o on_o foot_n with_o great_a honour_n and_o reverence_n at_o length_n when_o he_o be_v arrive_v within_o three_o mile_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n wherein_o he_o be_v to_o make_v his_o residence_n the_o garrison_n of_o the_o place_n excellent_o accommodate_v meet_v he_o to_o guard_v and_o conduct_v he_o after_o who_o follow_v the_o magistrate_n with_o the_o chief_a citizen_n the_o office_n of_o the_o second_o call_v chayven_v which_o signify_v a_o examiner_n be_v likewise_o a_o place_n of_o great_a trust_n and_o command_n but_o as_o be_v say_v expire_v with_o the_o year_n this_o officer_n receive_v so_o large_a a_o commission_n from_o the_o emperor_n that_o he_o may_v supervise_v and_o inspect_v all_o manner_n of_o affair_n as_o well_o civil_a as_o military_a and_o this_o he_o do_v give_v a_o account_n thereof_o to_o the_o emperor_n who_o thereupon_o immediate_o send_v he_o further_o order_n what_o to_o do_v therein_o he_o alone_o among_o all_o the_o magistrate_n cause_n the_o sentence_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o other_o corporal_a punishment_n to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n through_o the_o whole_a province_n so_o that_o all_o person_n equal_o fear_v and_o reverence_v he_o beside_o these_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o emperor_n there_o be_v another_o examiner_n call_v likewise_o tutang_n but_o he_o be_v send_v by_o the_o empress_n from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o his_o business_n be_v only_o to_o visit_v the_o prison_n of_o the_o province_n with_o a_o full_a power_n to_o release_v all_o such_o from_o they_o as_o have_v be_v put_v in_o for_o trivial_a matter_n he_o have_v a_o very_a great_a regard_n to_o the_o poor_a his_o chief_a office_n be_v to_o perform_v deed_n of_o charity_n and_o extend_v compassion_n in_o every_o province_n be_v also_o a_o treasurer_n who_o take_v care_n of_o the_o royal_a revenue_n arise_v within_o the_o whole_a province_n he_o receive_v his_o commission_n from_o the_o rix-council_n appoint_v for_o the_o emperor_n revenue_n with_o he_o be_v join_v two_o assistant_n who_o both_o reside_v in_o his_o palace_n and_o he_o have_v under_o he_o twenty_o six_o mandorin_n who_o be_v employ_v in_o several_a office_n he_o receive_v and_o take_v a_o account_n of_o all_o the_o toll_v imposition_n and_o royal_a tax_n take_v a_o special_a care_n of_o all_o weight_n and_o measure_n and_o determine_v all_o cause_n and_o difference_n that_o arise_v about_o the_o emperor_n revenue_n he_o be_v the_o person_n that_o pay_v all_o salary_n wage_n and_o annuity_n whether_o it_o be_v to_o the_o magistrate_n the_o emperor_n kindred_n or_o soldier_n and_o likewise_o disburse_v all_o money_n to_o be_v lay_v out_o for_o repair_v of_o bridge_n street_n and_o common_a edifice_n such_o as_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o mandorin_n the_o four_o council_n be_v begin_v cha_n sci_n who_o business_n be_v to_o inflict_v or_o pass_v sentence_n for_o corporal_a punishment_n the_o fifth-council_n take_v care_n to_o improve_v and_o reward_v learning_n and_o knowledge_n and_o thus_o i_o have_v give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o rix-council_n in_o china_n but_o before_o i_o conclude_v with_o their_o method_n of_o government_n it_o will_v be_v worth_a our_o labour_n to_o make_v some_o mention_n of_o the_o strange_a and_o unusual_a custom_n use_v among_o they_o which_o other_o nation_n have_v hardly_o hear_v of_o and_o first_o of_o all_o it_o be_v very_o observable_a that_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v sway_v by_o philosopher_n to_o who_o not_o only_o the_o people_n but_o the_o grandee_n of_o the_o court_n yield_v a_o awful_a reverence_n insomuch_o that_o they_o submit_v with_o all_o humility_n to_o receive_v correction_n from_o they_o as_o child_n from_o a_o master_n by_o these_o philosopher_n be_v all_o military_a affair_n order_v over_o which_o they_o be_v appoint_v as_o overseer_n and_o their_o counsel_n and_o opinion_n make_v great_a impression_n upon_o the_o emperor_n than_o all_o the_o most_o admirable_a observation_n of_o the_o commander_n themselves_o who_o be_v very_o seldom_o and_o then_o but_o some_o few_o take_v into_o the_o council_n but_o that_o which_o will_v appear_v yet_o more_o strange_a be_v that_o these_o philosopher_n far_o exceed_v the_o military_a commander_n in_o courage_n and_o fidelity_n and_o will_v hazard_v their_o person_n beyond_o any_o of_o they_o in_o the_o most_o imminent_a danger_n for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o prince_n and_o country_n second_o but_o that_o which_o indeed_o to_o our_o european_a world_n will_v seem_v most_o admirable_a be_v the_o good_a understanding_n and_o perfect_a unanimity_n which_o be_v constant_o hold_v between_o the_o high_a and_o the_o inferior_a magistrate_n as_o also_o between_o the_o governor_n of_o province_n and_o the_o rix-council_n and_o between_o those_o and_o the_o emperor_n himself_o declare_v by_o that_o mutual_a respect_n and_o affection_n which_o they_o bear_v to_o one_o another_o in_o make_v visit_n and_o send_v present_n upon_o all_o occasion_n for_o the_o continuation_n of_o this_o so_o well_o knit_v correspondence_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o this_o constant_a and_o strict_a amity_n the_o inferior_a magistrate_n never_o speak_v to_o the_o chief_a minister_n of_o state_n but_o upon_o their_o knee_n and_o that_o with_o singular_a civility_n and_o profound_a respect_n with_o like_a respect_n and_o submissive_a carriage_n the_o subject_n behave_v themselves_o to_o the_o governor_n and_o ruler_n of_o city_n three_o no_o person_n continue_v in_o office_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n long_o than_o three_o year_n unless_o he_o be_v confirm_v anew_o by_o the_o emperor_n which_o happen_v very_o seldom_o because_o as_o every_o man_n merit_v by_o his_o upright_a carriage_n and_o deportment_n he_o be_v still_o advance_v to_o high_a and_o more_o noble_a promotion_n and_o certain_o this_o be_v do_v upon_o great_a and_o political_a reason_n of_o state_n as_o to_o prevent_v any_o such_o governor_n from_o contract_v near_o friendship_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n whereby_o to_o draw_v their_o affection_n to_o a_o by-interest_n on_o his_o part_n to_o undertake_v faction_n or_o novelty_n against_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o prince_n for_o the_o better_a bring_v to_o pass_v whereof_o all_o the_o chief_a governor_n of_o province_n division_n and_o city_n be_v bind_v to_o appear_v every_o three_o year_n at_o the_o emperor_n court_n to_o do_v homage_n and_o obedience_n to_o he_o at_o which_o time_n a_o strict_a account_n be_v take_v of_o their_o carriage_n and_o behaviour_n in_o their_o several_a place_n and_o after_o a_o through_o examination_n of_o all_o matter_n the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n determine_v who_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v continue_v who_o to_o be_v cashier_v who_o to_o be_v prefer_v and_o last_o who_o to_o be_v punish_v and_o this_o without_o any_o respect_n of_o person_n likewise_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n to_o make_v any_o alteration_n in_o what_o be_v conclude_v by_o the_o council_n and_o judge_n upon_o this_o examination_n which_o be_v so_o severe_a and_o impartial_a that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n only_o the_o great_a person_n offend_v be_v punish_v and_o to_o this_o purpose_n we_o read_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1607._o so_o strict_a a_o examination_n be_v make_v that_o four_o thousand_o principal_a magistrate_n who_o have_v misbehave_v themselves_o receive_v reward_n just_o due_a to_o their_o demerit_n the_o person_n so_o condemn_v be_v divide_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o their_o crime_n into_o five_o rank_n under_o the_o first_o be_v comprehend_v such_o as_o take_v bribe_n and_o enrich_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o emperor_n treasury_n these_o be_v turn_v out_o be_v for_o ever_o make_v incapable_a of_o bear_v any_o public_a office_n under_o the_o second_o rank_n be_v set_v down_o those_o who_o be_v too_o cruel_a in_o their_o punishment_n these_o be_v likewise_o turn_v out_o of_o their_o place_n and_o send_v home_o
treat_v of_o the_o same_o subject_a with_o those_o other_o five_o and_o these_o nine_o book_n be_v all_o that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o china_n among_o the_o bookseller_n out_o of_o which_o all_o other_o be_v compose_v and_o certain_o therein_o be_v contain_v most_o excellent_a rule_n and_o direction_n for_o the_o well_o order_v of_o all_o civil_a affair_n and_o such_o as_o have_v prove_v to_o the_o very_a great_a advantage_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n for_o which_o cause_n a_o law_n be_v make_v by_o the_o ancient_a king_n that_o whosoever_o will_v be_v a_o learned_a man_n or_o so_o repute_v must_v extract_v the_o principal_a groundwork_n of_o his_o learning_n from_o these_o book_n nor_o be_v it_o enough_o to_o understand_v the_o true_a meaning_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o same_o but_o he_o must_v likewise_o get_v they_o by_o heart_n and_o be_v able_a to_o repeat_v a_o considerable_a part_n thereof_o if_o he_o will_v be_v think_v to_o have_v arrive_v at_o a_o eminent_a pitch_n 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but_o how_o ancient_a soever_o it_o be_v they_o use_v quite_o another_o manner_n and_o method_n therein_o than_o the_o european_n for_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o character_n they_o be_v enforce_v to_o cut_v they_o upon_o a_o smooth_a board_n make_v of_o pear-tree_n or_o appletree_n upon_o this_o board_n they_o paste_v the_o write_n that_o be_v to_o be_v print_v scrape_v the_o paper_n so_o long_o when_o it_o be_v dry_a till_o the_o character_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o thinness_n begin_v to_o appear_v through_o and_o last_o of_o all_o they_o bear_v the_o board_n with_o a_o iron_n that_o only_o the_o stroke_n of_o the_o character_n be_v leave_v stand_v this_o do_v they_o print_v with_o this_o board_n the_o write_n which_o stand_v already_o engrave_v upon_o it_o upon_o other_o clean_a sheet_n but_o with_o so_o much_o ease_n and_o quickness_n that_o one_o man_n be_v able_a to_o print_v five_o thousand_o sheet_n in_o a_o day_n and_o in_o the_o bore_v of_o the_o board_n 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colour_v it_o with_o a_o certain_a red_a paint_n to_o which_o end_n the_o chief_a person_n in_o china_n have_v a_o box_n of_o these_o seal_n always_o stand_v upon_o a_o table_n upon_o which_o be_v engrave_v several_a name_n every_o chinese_n appropriate_v to_o himself_o divers_a denomination_n these_o sigil_n or_o signet_n be_v either_o engrave_v in_o the_o best_a and_o rich_a sort_n of_o wood_n or_o else_o in_o marble_n ebony_n copper_n crystal_n or_o the_o like_a for_o the_o perform_v thereof_o there_o be_v several_a engraver_n very_o skilful_a in_o this_o art_n who_o be_v much_o respect_v by_o the_o people_n among_o who_o they_o carry_v the_o repute_n of_o learned_a men._n there_o be_v not_o in_o this_o country_n any_o swarm_v of_o writer_n but_o such_o as_o do_v write_v be_v esteem_v artist_n of_o the_o best_a qualification_n their_o ink_n be_v make_v of_o certain_a hard_a cake_n which_o when_o they_o will_v make_v use_n of_o they_o rub_v upon_o a_o smooth_a marble_n stone_n with_o a_o few_o drop_n of_o water_n till_o the_o colour_n come_v off_o into_o which_o they_o dip_v their_o write_a pencil_n be_v make_v of_o hair_n and_o fair_o appropriate_v to_o the_o write_n of_o the_o chinese_n character_n and_o the_o make_n of_o these_o pencil_n but_o especial_o of_o the_o ink_n be_v among_o all_o there_o repute_v a_o particular_a and_o ingenious_a call_v other_o handicraft-trade_n there_o be_v in_o china_n among_o which_o the_o fan-maker_n be_v not_o of_o least_o use_n and_o credit_n these_o fan_n be_v of_o such_o general_a use_n to_o cool_v the_o face_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n that_o no_o person_n of_o what_o degree_n soever_o go_v abroad_o without_o they_o and_o of_o these_o there_o be_v several_a sort_n some_o be_v make_v of_o reed_n or_o wood_n other_o of_o ivory_n ebony_n silk_n paper_n
or_o perfume_a straw_n nor_o be_v their_o variety_n great_a in_o substance_n than_o their_o difference_n in_o fashion_n for_o some_o be_v round_o other_o foursquare_a &c_n &c_n such_o as_o be_v wear_v by_o the_o grandee_n be_v make_v of_o white_a paper_n gilt_n to_o open_v and_o shut_v at_o pleasure_n with_o one_o of_o which_o it_o be_v customary_a among_o they_o to_o present_v each_o other_o as_o a_o token_n of_o love_n and_o friendship_n these_o fan-maker_n also_o as_o aforesaid_a be_v employ_v much_o in_o the_o make_n of_o quittesole_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o fold_v canopy_n carry_v over_o the_o head_n of_o the_o grandee_n by_o their_o servant_n be_v make_v of_o the_o same_o stuff_n with_o fan_n and_o line_v with_o silk_n or_o linen_n the_o ruffian_n travel_v through_o all_o part_n of_o the_o country_n with_o woman_n in_o their_o company_n and_o where_o by_o chance_n they_o find_v any_o handsome_a young_a maid_n among_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o people_n they_o use_v all_o art_n and_o mean_n to_o entice_v they_o away_o neither_o spare_a money_n or_o good_a word_n who_o if_o they_o prevail_v upon_o to_o follow_v they_o they_o afterward_o teach_v to_o dance_n and_o sing_n so_o make_v they_o fit_a for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o their_o hector_a blade_n and_o wild_a gallant_n when_o they_o be_v thus_o instruct_v the_o male-bawd_n endeavour_v to_o sell_v they_o either_o to_o the_o grandee_n outright_o or_o else_o to_o prostitute_v they_o for_o money_n for_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o day_n which_o turn_v to_o a_o considerable_a advantage_n for_o every_o of_o these_o broker_n for_o impudence_n have_v several_a woman_n that_o belong_v unto_o they_o according_a as_o their_o ability_n be_v able_a to_o afford_v they_o a_o maintenance_n they_o seldom_o stay_v long_o in_o a_o place_n but_o go_v from_o town_n to_o town_n and_o there_o reside_v long_o where_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o the_o best_a market_n whosoever_o hire_v one_o of_o these_o woman_n for_o a_o night_n lodging_n must_v receive_v she_o in_o the_o public_a manner_n hereafter_o describe_v viz._n she_o be_v set_v upon_o a_o ass_n and_o so_o conduct_v with_o a_o hood_n over_o her_o face_n to_o the_o house_n of_o he_o that_o send_v for_o she_o and_o when_o she_o be_v come_v to_o his_o house_n she_o cast_v aside_o her_o hood_n and_o then_o he_o receive_v and_o conduct_n she_o into_o the_o house_n there_o be_v also_o another_o sort_n of_o beggar_n here_o who_o set_v fire_n to_o a_o combustible_a kind_n of_o stuff_n upon_o their_o head_n which_o they_o suffer_v to_o burn_v there_o with_o such_o excessive_a pain_n and_o torment_n till_o they_o have_v extort_a some_o charity_n from_o the_o transient_a company_n with_o their_o howl_n and_o cry_v endure_v very_o great_a misery_n all_o that_o while_n and_o last_o upon_o every_o public_a market-day_n there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v whole_a troop_n of_o blind_a beggar_n in_o the_o several_a city_n and_o town_n who_o beat_v themselves_o upon_o their_o naked_a breast_n most_o furious_o with_o great_a round_a stone_n till_o the_o very_a blood_n drop_v from_o they_o beside_o what_o be_v mention_v before_o there_o be_v several_a other_o trade_n in_o china_n as_o the_o bake_n of_o porcelain_n or_o china-ware_n the_o gumming_n and_o paint_v of_o chest_n trunk_n and_o box_n as_o also_o the_o weave_a of_o carpent_n damask_n cotton_n and_o several_a other_o stuff_n which_o i_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o omit_v in_o this_o chapter_n first_o in_o regard_n the_o same_o be_v already_o mention_v in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o our_o relation_n and_o also_o because_o the_o chineses_n do_v so_o infinite_o abound_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o art_n and_o handicraft-trade_n that_o it_o will_v take_v up_o too_o much_o time_n to_o give_v a_o particular_a account_n of_o the_o whole_a but_o notwithstanding_o this_o abundance_n of_o trade_n in_o china_n a_o great_a defect_n and_o abuse_n be_v observe_v in_o most_o of_o the_o commodity_n which_o be_v make_v there_o and_o it_o be_v this_o that_o they_o only_o appear_v and_o seem_v fair_a to_o the_o eye_n but_o be_v real_o for_o the_o most_o part_n very_a sleight_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n they_o may_v well_o be_v afford_v much_o cheap_a to_o the_o merchant_n chap._n iu._n of_o some_o strange_a custom_n fashion_n and_o manner_n in_o use_n among_o the_o chinese_n the_o ancient_a chineses_n call_v their_o kingdom_n or_o empire_n in_o old_a time_n by_o the_o name_n of_o courtesy_n or_o civility_n and_o other_o know_a manner_n yea_o and_o which_o be_v more_o civility_n or_o courtesy_n be_v hold_v with_o they_o for_o one_o of_o the_o five_o principal_a virtue_n among_o which_o as_o chief_a all_o other_o be_v comprehend_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o virtue_n consist_v as_o they_o say_v in_o the_o show_n of_o mutual_a respect_n now_o to_o be_v complete_a herein_o and_o to_o be_v master_n of_o ceremony_n they_o spend_v no_o small_a time_n to_o accomplish_v themselves_o yet_o some_o of_o they_o of_o a_o high_a speculation_n view_v humane_a vicissitude_n lament_v themselves_o that_o they_o can_v reject_v and_o shun_v these_o complimental_a formality_n although_o they_o do_v therein_o far_o exceed_v those_o of_o europe_n wherefore_o in_o this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v show_v in_o what_o manner_n they_o salute_v one_o another_o when_o they_o meet_v and_o afterward_o treat_v of_o some_o other_o manner_n and_o custom_n in_o use_n among_o they_o wherein_o they_o differ_v from_o other_o or_o among_o themselves_o it_o be_v hold_v for_o no_o point_n of_o civility_n among_o the_o chineses_n to_o take_v off_o the_o hat_n or_o to_o make_v leg_n as_o it_o be_v usual_o term_v much_o leâ—s_n to_o embrace_v any_o person_n or_o kiss_v his_o hand_n or_o make_v any_o outward_a show_n of_o compliment_n the_o most_o general_a and_o common_a way_n with_o they_o of_o show_v civility_n be_v do_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o carry_v their_o hand_n when_o they_o walk_v unless_o they_o be_v to_o fan_n themselves_o or_o otherwise_o to_o use_v they_o always_o fold_v together_o in_o the_o sleeve_n of_o their_o upper_a garment_n which_o be_v make_v for_o that_o purpose_n so_o that_o when_o they_o meet_v they_o raise_v their_o hand_n on_o high_a in_o the_o sleeve_n with_o great_a devotion_n and_o then_o let_v they_o fall_v again_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n greet_v each_o other_o with_o the_o word_n cin_n which_o signify_v nothing_o when_o one_o come_v to_o visit_v another_o or_o if_o two_o friend_n meet_v in_o the_o street_n they_o bow_v with_o their_o hand_n in_o their_o sleeve_n all_o the_o while_n the_o whole_a body_n and_o their_o head_n three_o time_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o this_o manner_n of_o salutation_n be_v call_v zoye_n in_o the_o perform_n of_o which_o ceremony_n the_o inferior_a always_o give_v place_n to_o his_o better_a and_o the_o party_n visit_v give_v the_o upper_a hand_n to_o he_o that_o make_v the_o visit_n but_o in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o china_n the_o visitant_n be_v place_v on_o the_o left-hand_a oftentimes_o also_o after_o they_o have_v do_v bow_v they_o exchange_v place_n and_o go_v off_o from_o the_o left_a to_o the_o right-hand_a and_o from_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a which_o be_v do_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o so_o the_o party_n that_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o high_a place_n shall_v show_v some_o respect_n to_o the_o other_o again_o when_o this_o ceremony_n happen_v to_o be_v in_o the_o street_n both_o party_n turn_v themselves_o side_n to_o side_n towards_o the_o north_n and_o within_o door_n to_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o hall_n for_o it_o be_v a_o old_a custom_n among_o they_o to_o lay_v the_o threshold_n of_o the_o palace_n temple_n and_o other_o edifice_n to_o the_o south_n so_o that_o in_o regard_n this_o ceremony_n be_v perform_v in_o the_o hall_n next_o to_o the_o threshold_n they_o turn_v their_o face_n to_o the_o upper_a end_n and_o and_o then_o they_o look_v towards_o the_o north._n if_o so_o be_v both_o party_n meet_v or_o visit_v have_v not_o see_v one_o another_o in_o a_o long_a time_n or_o perhaps_o never_o before_o and_o have_v a_o desire_n to_o bestow_v extraordinary_a civility_n upon_o each_o other_o then_o after_o performance_n of_o the_o first_o ceremony_n they_o fall_v upon_o their_o knee_n touch_v the_o ground_n with_o their_o forehead_n and_o this_o they_o do_v three_o time_n together_o but_o when_o this_o civility_n be_v to_o be_v show_v by_o a_o inferior_a to_o a_o superior_a a_o child_n to_o his_o parent_n or_o a_o subject_a to_o his_o prince_n he_o receive_v the_o honour_n do_v unto_o he_o either_o sit_v or_o stand_v and_o only_o bowl_v a_o little_a when_o the_o other_o fall_v upon_o his_o knee_n with_o the_o same_o and_o no_o great_a reverence_n and_o honour_n they_o pay_v their_o religious_a duty_n to_o
and_o reverence_n but_o the_o chief_a honour_n be_v give_v to_o king_n hunvuus_fw-la who_o deliver_v the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o restore_v the_o same_o to_o peace_n and_o honor._n next_o to_o the_o emperor_n they_o observe_v and_o reverence_v their_o superior_n and_o magistrate_n which_o they_o do_v in_o particular_a form_n and_o manner_n of_o speech_n as_o also_o in_o stately_a and_o noble_a visit_n neither_o be_v access_n free_a to_o they_o all_o but_o only_o to_o such_o as_o have_v bear_v some_o office_n of_o honour_n or_o trust_v in_o the_o kingdom_n or_o serve_v abroad_o in_o some_o honourable_a employment_n for_o such_o when_o they_o return_v into_o their_o own_o country_n be_v have_v in_o great_a esteem_n as_o well_o by_o the_o magistrate_n as_o people_n if_o any_o one_o have_v do_v his_o country_n considerable_a service_n behave_v himself_o well_o in_o his_o office_n have_v be_v prefer_v to_o some_o high_a degree_n of_o honour_n and_o trusâ—_n than_o ordinary_a or_o for_o some_o reason_n of_o state_n or_o policy_n happen_v to_o remove_v from_o the_o city_n he_o be_v present_v by_o the_o country_n in_o his_o passage_n with_o great_a gift_n but_o at_o his_o departure_n he_o must_v leave_v behind_o he_o his_o boot_n mark_v of_o honour_n &c_n &c_n in_o perpetual_a remembrance_n of_o this_o favour_n his_o boot_n be_v lock_v up_o in_o a_o chest_n keep_v on_o purpose_n for_o such_o use_n with_o great_a care_n and_o respect_n other_o of_o a_o high_a quality_n have_v a_o pillar_n of_o marble_n erect_v to_o their_o honour_n to_o preserve_v their_o memory_n and_o fame_n to_o posterity_n by_o inscribe_v thereon_o in_o the_o most_o legible_a character_n the_o great_a service_n they_o have_v do_v for_o their_o country_n some_o indeed_o be_v more_o magnificent_o signalise_v have_v temple_n erect_v in_o honour_n of_o their_o name_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o public_a with_o image_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v draw_v to_o the_o life_n by_o the_o best_a artist_n in_o the_o country_n and_o place_v upon_o the_o altar_n nor_o be_v that_o all_o but_o there_o be_v incense_n vessel_n torch_n and_o person_n appoint_v to_o look_v after_o the_o same_o that_o they_o may_v always_o be_v keep_v trim_v perfume_a and_o burn_v which_o to_o accomplish_v the_o more_o ready_o they_o have_v great_a vessel_n of_o copper_n provide_v to_o burn_v in_o as_o be_v use_v in_o their_o idol-temple_n only_o there_o be_v this_o difference_n between_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o veneration_n of_o the_o other_o for_o in_o that_o of_o their_o god_n they_o be_v always_o desire_v or_o pray_v for_o one_o thing_n or_o other_o but_o in_o this_o appoint_v to_o the_o memory_n of_o a_o decease_a party_n they_o be_v always_o show_v their_o grateful_a respect_n for_o the_o benefit_n receive_v by_o he_o but_o it_o may_v be_v very_o sober_o conjecture_v that_o the_o ordinary_a man_n not_o able_a by_o the_o narrow_a scantling_n of_o his_o judgement_n to_o discern_v this_o duplicity_n make_v no_o difference_n between_o the_o two_o worship_n and_o this_o seem_v the_o more_o probable_a for_o that_o great_a number_n of_o people_n resort_v thither_o and_o there_o bow_n and_o kneel_v and_o offer_v up_o what_o they_o have_v with_o the_o same_o zeal_n to_o the_o one_o as_o to_o the_o other_o all_o the_o chiness_n book_n which_o treat_v of_o manner_n and_o fashion_n contain_v no_o other_o instruction_n but_o in_o what_o manner_n child_n be_v to_o obey_v their_o parent_n and_o certain_o herein_o these_o blind_a people_n be_v high_o to_o be_v commend_v for_o there_o be_v no_o place_n in_o the_o world_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o they_o in_o this_o particular_a for_o the_o honour_n and_o reverence_n that_o be_v by_o child_n yield_v to_o their_o parent_n they_o be_v neither_o suffer_v to_o sit_v near_o they_o or_o opposite_a unto_o they_o but_o in_o some_o low_a place_n of_o the_o room_n and_o that_o with_o great_a submission_n and_o reverence_n the_o like_a respect_n be_v show_v by_o scholar_n to_o their_o master_n neither_o do_v child_n speak_v to_o their_o parent_n but_o in_o the_o most_o submissive_a term_n imaginable_a and_o if_o perhaps_o either_o the_o father_n or_o mother_n or_o both_o fall_n into_o want_n in_o their_o old_a age_n the_o child_n free_o work_v night_n and_o day_n to_o provide_v for_o they_o and_o stint_v themselves_o pinch_v their_o own_o belly_n to_o fill_v those_o of_o their_o parent_n a_o example_n true_o well_o worth_a both_o imitation_n and_o praise_n although_o to_o their_o shame_n not_o much_o practise_v by_o christian_n such_o be_v their_o behaviour_n to_o their_o parent_n live_v however_o qualify_v and_o it_o end_v not_o with_o their_o life_n but_o follow_v they_o to_o the_o grave_a attend_v their_o funeral_n not_o only_o in_o their_o mourn_a wherein_o they_o differ_v very_o much_o from_o other_o people_n but_o likewise_o in_o the_o coffin_n wherein_o the_o corpse_n be_v enclose_v which_o be_v make_v of_o the_o rich_a and_o most_o durable_a wood_n that_o be_v to_o be_v purchase_v in_o their_o own_o or_o the_o neighbour_a country_n every_o person_n in_o china_n observe_v his_o birthday_n as_o sacred_a bestow_v present_n upon_o his_o friend_n and_o withal_o make_v great_a entertainment_n for_o they_o now_o although_o every_o anniversary_n birthday_n be_v thus_o observe_v yet_o there_o be_v one_o especial_o celebrate_v with_o a_o more_o festivous_a solemnity_n which_o be_v when_o they_o live_v to_o the_o age_n of_o seventy_o for_o not_o till_o then_o be_v they_o reckon_v among_o the_o old_a people_n and_o then_o be_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o house_n hang_v with_o picture_n and_o verse_n fill_v with_o eulogy_n to_o the_o party_n who_o birthday_n be_v to_o be_v commemorate_a there_o be_v also_o two_o other_o more_o remarkable_a than_o the_o rest_n one_o whereof_o be_v that_o of_o the_o ten_o year_n but_o this_o want_n much_o of_o the_o 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to_o all_o who_o burial_n they_o be_v invite_v and_o help_v to_o perform_v the_o ceremonial_a part_n of_o the_o funeral_n attire_v in_o very_o costly_a and_o rich_a habit_n and_o go_v before_o the_o corpse_n play_v upon_o flute_n and_o other_o musical_a justrument_n all_o this_o sect_n be_v under_o the_o command_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o one_o prelate_n call_v ciam_fw-la who_o dignity_n always_o descend_v upon_o one_o of_o his_o posterity_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v for_o above_o a_o thousand_o year_n it_o seem_v that_o this_o great_a dignity_n or_o office_n have_v its_o first_o rise_n from_o a_o certain_a soothsayer_n who_o live_v in_o a_o cave_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n where_o his_o posterity_n continue_v at_o present_a and_o practice_v the_o delusion_n of_o their_o ancestor_n this_o their_o highpriest_n ciam_fw-la be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n resident_n in_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o very_o high_o honour_v by_o the_o emperor_n have_v a_o 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manner_n at_o his_o foot_n as_o a_o sign_n of_o victory_n be_v portray_v a_o certain_a country_n and_o in_o his_o hand_n to_o show_v his_o authority_n he_o hold_v a_o sceptre_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n near_o to_o the_o noble_a city_n of_o chaok_v in_o a_o well-built_a temple_n stand_v another_o statue_n of_o a_o certain_a governor_n of_o a_o province_n who_o have_v do_v his_o country_n extraordinary_a service_n six_o year_n together_o and_o as_o a_o return_n of_o thankfulness_n for_o the_o same_o the_o inhabitant_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n erect_v this_o image_n and_o temple_n and_o dedicate_v it_o unto_o he_o in_o cuchiung_a near_o to_o hangan_n there_o be_v a_o great_a stone_n above_o a_o hundred_o foot_n high_a call_v xinxe_n and_o signify_v the_o holy_a stone_n which_o they_o cover_v yearly_o quite_o over_o with_o gold_n and_o then_o worship_v it_o this_o piece_n of_o idolatry_n be_v command_v by_o the_o emperor_n mung._n near_o to_o the_o city_n ciok_v upon_o the_o mountain_n xepao_n be_v a_o great_a stone_n column_n with_o the_o image_n of_o the_o idol_n fe_o and_o a_o elephant_n lion_n and_o drum_z cut_v out_o of_o stone_n each_o of_o which_o be_v of_o several_a colour_n but_o who_o workmanship_n they_o be_v or_o who_o bring_v the_o same_o thither_o be_v altogether_o unknown_a in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o chunk_v be_v a_o very_a strange_a great_a hill_n upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n feu_fw-fr between_o this_o city_n and_o another_o call_v tunchuen_n and_o on_o this_o hill_n be_v a_o mountainous_a idol_n call_v fe_o it_o be_v make_v sit_v with_o his_o leg_n cross-way_n and_o his_o hand_n clap_v over_o one_o another_o before_o he_o how_o incredible_o large_a the_o same_o be_v may_v be_v guess_v at_o by_o this_o that_o traveller_n can_v plain_o see_v his_o eye_n ear_n nose_n and_o mouth_n at_o two_o miles_n distance_n chap._n ix_o of_o idol-temple_n all_o this_o country_n do_v infinite_o abound_v with_o idol-temple_n which_o be_v build_v at_o very_o great_a charge_n and_o most_o common_o situate_a without_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o city_n in_o solitary_a place_n and_o in_o these_o the_o traveller_n may_v find_v accommodation_n answerable_a to_o his_o desire_n adjoin_v to_o these_o temple_n stand_v common_o a_o tower_n with_o a_o small_a edifice_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n but_o no_o less_o costly_a than_o artificial_o build_v these_o idolatrous_a place_n be_v fill_v with_o image_n and_o hang_v round_o with_o black_a lamp_n burn_a night_n and_o day_n in_o memory_n of_o such_o who_o live_v well_o and_o die_v happy_o when_o any_o governor_n of_o province_n be_v to_o be_v admit_v into_o their_o office_n they_o be_v swear_v in_o these_o temple_n that_o they_o shall_v faithful_o perform_v their_o duty_n i_o take_v a_o exact_a view_n of_o one_o of_o these_o structure_n of_o which_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o give_v this_o follow_a account_n the_o side_n of_o it_o be_v build_v with_o timber_n and_o the_o rooâ—_n tile_v the_o floor_n be_v in_o some_o place_n earth_n and_o in_o other_o of_o gray_a stone_n and_o on_o each_o of_o the_o side_n stand_v several_a great_a image_n in_o a_o row_n but_o at_o the_o entrance_n be_v one_o most_o dreadful_a to_o behold_v be_v a_o horn_v devil_n in_o a_o most_o terrible_a and_o frightful_a shape_n with_o a_o wide_a mouth_n and_o hand_n like_o the_o claw_n of_o a_o griffin_n in_o such_o a_o posture_n as_o if_o it_o will_v have_v seize_v those_o that_o enter_v within_o in_o the_o middle_n stand_v a_o altar_n upon_o which_o be_v erect_v another_o great_a image_n thirty_o foot_n high_a behind_o which_o stand_v a_o great_a number_n of_o small_a one_o before_o the_o great_a one_o there_o stand_v upon_o the_o altar_n a_o thick_a hollow_a bambo_n upon_o
which_o be_v write_v some_o chinese_n character_n that_o foretell_v thing_n that_o shall_v come_v to_o pass_v on_o the_o side_n stand_v several_a vessel_n with_o incense_n burn_v and_o in_o the_o middle_n be_v a_o wooden_a dish_n with_o several_a offering_n in_o it_o which_o the_o priest_n when_o they_o will_v know_v or_o foretell_v any_o thing_n bring_v to_o the_o altar_n and_o offer_v up_o to_o this_o image_n now_o the_o chief_a offering_n at_o such_o time_n be_v either_o rice_n wine_n or_o the_o entrail_n of_o beast_n which_o be_v ceremonious_o dispose_v the_o priest_n draw_v some_o reed_n out_o of_o the_o bambo_n basket_n and_o if_o they_o be_v in_o his_o opinion_n portentous_a of_o ill_a he_o draw_v out_o other_o till_o he_o have_v draw_v such_o as_o he_o believe_v prognosticate_v good_n in_o this_o interim_n the_o incense_n burn_v and_o at_o last_o the_o priest_n fall_v upon_o his_o knee_n and_o mumble_v one_o thing_n or_o other_o to_o himself_o whereby_o he_o intend_v to_o pacify_v the_o idol_n and_o get_v he_o to_o favour_v his_o suit_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la in_o the_o city_n of_o taâ—ven_n be_v a_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o siangus_fw-la the_o wise_a of_o their_o emperor_n and_o of_o the_o family_n of_o chaus_n it_o be_v report_v in_o their_o history_n that_o this_o image_n which_o be_v make_v of_o very_o precious_a stone_n be_v finish_v rise_v up_o of_o itself_o and_o go_v to_o the_o place_n which_o be_v appoint_v for_o its_o station_n at_o leugan_n upon_o the_o mountain_n peco_n which_o signify_v the_o mountain_n of_o fruit_n be_v found_v a_o temple_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o emperor_n xiâ—â—ungus_n near_o which_o stand_v a_o famous_a well_o now_o according_a to_o the_o saâ—ing_n of_o the_o chinese_n xinnungus_n receive_v divers_a sort_n of_o seed_n from_o a_o unknown_a person_n and_o receive_v direction_n in_o what_o manner_n he_o shall_v sow_v the_o same_o to_o gain_v a_o plentiful_a harvest_n which_o he_o have_v experiment_v teach_v to_o his_o subject_n for_o which_o benefit_n they_o erect_v this_o temple_n to_o his_o memory_n at_o very_o great_a charge_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la in_o the_o city_n of_o hanchang_n be_v five_o temple_n whereof_o one_o be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o emperor_n cangleangus_fw-la because_o he_o have_v cause_v a_o way_n to_o be_v cut_v through_o the_o mountain_n and_o in_o perpetual_a memory_n of_o this_o his_o great_a undertake_v this_o temple_n be_v erect_v in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o kingang_n be_v three_o temple_n full_a of_o image_n and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o cinan_n be_v several_a near_o to_o yencheu_o in_o the_o city_n of_o ceu_fw-la be_v fifteen_o stately_a temple_n dedicate_v to_o helvutius_fw-la and_o other_o renown_a hero_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o chingtu_n be_v one_o build_v to_o the_o memory_n of_o king_n cancungus_fw-la because_o he_o teach_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o kingdom_n the_o art_n of_o raise_v and_o prepare_v of_o silkworm_n in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n near_o to_o kiun_n be_v a_o large_a hill_n call_v vutang_n upon_o which_o be_v erect_v several_a structure_n with_o cloister_n for_o priest_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o may_v be_v for_o that_o here_o all_o priest_n receive_v their_o introduction_n who_o follow_v and_o teach_v the_o inward_a approve_a doctrine_n of_o the_o separation_n of_o soul_n and_o body_n in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n ningque_n stand_v a_o very_a high_a and_o beautiful_a edifice_n call_v hiangsin_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o well-scented_n heart_n and_o dedicate_v to_o five_o virgin_n who_o be_v assault_v by_o such_o as_o will_v have_v ravish_v they_o rather_o choose_v to_o die_v than_o have_v their_o virginity_n violate_v in_o honour_n of_o who_o chastity_n the_o inhabitant_n erect_v these_o temple_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n and_o in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la be_v find_v very_o many_o of_o these_o building_n to_o which_o belong_v several_a thousand_o of_o priest_n at_o nank_v on_o the_o mountain_n ni_fw-fr stand_v one_o of_o these_o fabric_n that_o have_v at_o least_o a_o thousand_o image_n to_o it_o and_o to_o every_o image_n ten_o priest_n and_o indeed_o to_o shorten_v this_o relation_n there_o be_v hardly_o a_o mountain_n or_o hill_n in_o china_n of_o any_o note_n but_o have_v a_o temple_n upon_o it_o with_o priest_n belong_v to_o it_o in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n near_o to_o the_o city_n cinggan_n lie_v a_o great_a hill_n call_v vay_fw-mi which_o have_v several_a temple_n and_o cloister_n upon_o it_o abound_v with_o priest_n and_o friar_n most_o whereof_o worship_n idol_n shave_v their_o crown_n and_o despise_v all_o earthly_a riches_n possession_n and_o honour_n but_o that_o which_o be_v full_a of_o admiration_n be_v this_o it_o be_v say_v that_o among_o these_o priest_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a call_v change_v who_o have_v two_o chapel_n under_o his_o command_n be_v convince_v of_o the_o error_n of_o his_o way_n come_v one_o day_n into_o his_o temple_n break_v all_o the_o idol_n in_o piece_n exclaim_v bitter_o against_o the_o priest_n for_o have_v thus_o long_o deceive_v he_o and_o keep_v he_o in_o blind_a ignorance_n from_o thenceforth_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n to_o the_o utmost_a period_n of_o his_o life_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n near_o to_o the_o city_n civencheu_o be_v a_o temple_n call_v caiyven_v which_o be_v worthy_a of_o admiration_n both_o for_o its_o height_n and_o largeness_n the_o outside_n of_o this_o sumptuous_a edifice_n be_v all_o of_o marble_n and_o the_o inside_n most_o rich_o adorn_v with_o idol_n of_o all_o sort_n among_o other_o there_o be_v some_o that_o exceed_v which_o be_v either_o cast_v in_o copper_n or_o cut_v out_o of_o marble_n make_v for_o madam_n fee_fw-mi have_v such_o curiosity_n of_o workmanship_n that_o the_o chineses_n say_v they_o be_v not_o make_v with_o mortal_a hand_n without_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o nank_v i_o be_v myself_o in_o one_o of_o the_o three_o idol-temple_n where_o hell_n so_o as_o virgil_n describe_v the_o same_o in_o the_o six_o book_n of_o his_o aeneid_n be_v so_o curious_o paint_v to_o the_o life_n and_o adorn_v with_o rare_a image_n of_o plaster_n that_o it_o be_v enough_o to_o fill_v all_o person_n with_o admiration_n that_o look_v upon_o the_o same_o chap._n x._o of_o tower_n and_o sea-marks_a china_n be_v very_o full_a of_o brave_a and_o well-built_a tower_n whereof_o some_o be_v nine_o other_o seven_a story_n high_a many_o of_o which_o be_v only_o for_o ornament_n but_o upon_o a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o call_v ceuleu_n stand_v their_o clock-workss_a and_o in_o other_o especial_o at_o nank_v be_v keep_v the_o astrological_a instrument_n upon_o the_o clockhouse_n turret_n stand_v a_o instrument_n which_o show_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n by_o mean_n of_o water_n which_o run_v from_o one_o vessel_n into_o another_o raises_z a_o board_n upon_o which_o be_v portray_v a_o mark_n for_o the_o time_n of_o the_o day_n and_o you_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v always_o one_o remain_v there_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o pass_n of_o the_o time_n who_o at_o every_o hour_n signify_v the_o same_o to_o the_o people_n by_o beat_v upon_o a_o drum_n and_o hang_v out_o a_o board_n with_o the_o hour_n write_v upon_o it_o in_o large_a letter_n this_o time-drummer_n likewise_o give_v notice_n if_o he_o discover_v any_o fire_n whereupon_o the_o people_n all_o rise_n to_o quench_v it_o in_o who_o house_n soever_o the_o fire_n happen_v through_o carelessness_n the_o master_n thereof_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n because_o of_o the_o fright_n and_o hazard_n he_o put_v his_o neighbour_n in_o who_o house_n join_v to_o his_o and_o build_v all_o of_o timber_n as_o all_o habitation_n there_o be_v be_v in_o very_o great_a danger_n of_o be_v likewise_o consume_v for_o all_o the_o house_n stand_v very_o close_o and_o this_o in_o truth_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o so_o great_a severity_n show_v against_o such_o who_o house_n be_v burn_v through_o carelessness_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n hiaiken_n stand_v a_o very_a ancient_a tower_n which_o be_v very_o much_o decay_v but_o yet_o keep_v the_o height_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o pace_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o to_o be_v admire_v therein_o be_v that_o it_o be_v build_v of_o stone_n which_o with_o infinite_a labour_n industry_n and_o expense_n they_o must_v bring_v thither_o and_o then_o together_o with_o the_o mortar_n carry_v up_o so_o great_a a_o height_n to_o build_v such_o a_o tower_n in_o the_o country_n of_o huquang_n near_o to_o the_o city_n of_o hanyang_n be_v a_o tower_n call_v xelonhoa_n which_o far_o excel_v all_o other_o such_o like_a
certain_a great_a prince_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o family_n of_o taminga_n who_o in_o power_n and_o imperial_a title_n can_v only_o be_v say_v to_o give_v place_n to_o the_o emperor_n for_o in_o all_o thing_n else_o he_o live_v like_o a_o king_n this_o kingly_a or_o royal_a person_n have_v a_o large_a and_o stately_a palace_n which_o be_v at_o least_o four_o italian_a mile_n in_o compass_n adorn_v with_o four_o gate_n and_o stand_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o city_n before_o it_o towards_o the_o south_n lay_v a_o large_a broad_a street_n full_a of_o costly_a and_o artificial_a triumphal_a arch_n near_o to_o hinghoa_n the_o seven_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n chinyven_v run_v a_o large_a water_n call_v chung_n on_o the_o side_n whereof_o stand_v a_o large_a palace_n contain_v ten_o court_n in_o this_o palace_n be_v a_o great_a wonder_n take_v notice_n of_o for_o infallible_o there_o be_v hear_v a_o noise_n against_o wind_n or_o rain_n like_v unto_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o clock_n of_o which_o although_o diligent_o inquire_v after_o no_o natural_a reason_n can_v be_v give_v concern_v the_o incomparable_a stately_a and_o costly_a structure_n of_o the_o imperial_a palace_n of_o peking_n i_o have_v already_o give_v a_o particular_a description_n in_o my_o former_a relation_n chap._n xii_o of_o river_n waterfall_n lake_n etc._n etc._n have_v speak_v at_o large_a of_o the_o chief_a thing_n which_o the_o hand_n or_o industry_n of_o mortal_a man_n have_v produce_v we_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o particularize_v such_o thing_n wherewith_o nature_n have_v abundant_o furnish_v the_o chinese_n out_o of_o her_o rich_a store_n under_o which_o name_n i_o comprehend_v rivers_n pool_n aquaduct_n hill_n wells_n earth_n plant_n tree_n animal_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o the_o like_a which_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n first_o of_o all_o there_o be_v in_o china_n two_o famous_a large_a river_n namely_o kiang_n and_o the_o yellow_a river_n the_o river_n kiang_n which_o be_v also_o call_v yangeukiang_n signify_v the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n divide_v all_o china_n into_o a_o northern_a and_o southern_a tract_n it_o flow_v from_o west_n to_o east_n and_o receive_v several_a name_n according_a to_o the_o province_n through_o which_o it_o run_v it_o be_v first_o call_v minkiang_n from_o the_o mountain_n min_n whence_o it_o have_v its_o source_n these_o mountain_n stretch_v themselves_o westward_o of_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n very_o far_o towards_o prester_n john_n country_n and_o come_v towards_o the_o north_n not_o far_o from_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o guei_n after_o it_o be_v get_v from_o this_o mountain_n rush_v forward_o with_o great_a violence_n it_o divide_v itself_o into_o several_a branch_n which_o turn_n and_o wind_n through_o most_o of_o the_o province_n from_o the_o city_n of_o sincin_n it_o be_v call_v sinkiang_n afterward_o receive_v a_o great_a many_o rivulet_n into_o its_o bosom_n it_o run_v before_o the_o city_n of_o svi_fw-la into_o the_o river_n call_v mahu_n from_o the_o city_n of_o liucheu_o it_o receive_v the_o name_n of_o liukiang_n and_o run_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o city_n of_o chunk_v join_v with_o the_o great_a river_n pa_n and_o embrace_n its_o name_n be_v get_v beyond_o the_o city_n of_o queicheu_fw-la it_o fall_v into_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n and_o regain_v not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n kingcheu_o the_o old_a name_n of_o sinkiang_n thus_o far_o it_o run_v with_o many_o crooked_a meander_n and_o a_o great_a force_n of_o water_n through_o vale_n terrible_a rock_n and_o dreadful_a precipice_n which_o the_o native_n know_v do_v avoid_v and_o shun_v with_o great_a dexterity_n be_v past_o the_o city_n of_o kincheu_fw-la it_o begin_v by_o degree_n to_o run_v more_o gentle_o and_o fall_v towards_o the_o north_n into_o the_o mere_a or_o lake_n call_v tungt_v from_o whence_o it_o take_v its_o course_n before_o the_o chief_a city_n in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o sea_n foum_n which_o be_v above_o a_o hundred_o dutch_a mile_n and_o all_o this_o way_n it_o run_v so_o gentle_o that_o vessel_n may_v with_o ease_n sail_n against_o the_o stream_n and_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o this_o river_n be_v observe_v so_o far_o up_o in_o the_o country_n that_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n wonderful_a to_o relate_v especial_o at_o the_o new_a or_o fullmoon_n in_o this_o place_n it_o be_v at_o least_o two_o mile_n over_o water_v and_o make_v fruitful_a the_o whole_a province_n of_o of_o nank_v and_o last_o be_v pass_v the_o city_n of_o nank_v and_o chinkiang_n it_o fall_v into_o the_o ocean_n itself_o through_o a_o great_a mouth_n in_o which_o lie_v a_o island_n and_o city_n well_o guard_v and_o provide_v with_o soldier_n and_o ship_n the_o yellow_a river_n by_o stranger_n so_o call_v from_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o water_n occasion_v by_o the_o yellowness_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v name_v hoang_n in_o the_o chinese_n language_n and_o seem_v at_o first_o to_o be_v very_o morish_a but_o the_o swiftness_n and_o great_a force_n of_o its_o run_n make_v it_o appear_v quite_o contrary_a for_o with_o so_o incredible_a a_o swiftness_n do_v this_o river_n run_v that_o no_o ship_n be_v able_a to_o sail_v up_o against_o its_o stream_n but_o be_v tow_v along_o by_o the_o main_a strength_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o track-man_n which_o may_v proceed_v from_o its_o be_v contract_v within_o so_o narrow_a bound_n for_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v but_o half_a a_o mile_n broad_a and_o in_o other_o little_a more_o but_o in_o length_n it_o extend_v above_o eight_o hundred_o mile_n by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o river_n next_o to_o that_o of_o kiang_n be_v the_o big_a and_o most_o famous_a of_o all_o china_n and_o though_o it_o be_v natural_o no_o other_o than_o a_o foreiner_n that_o have_v invade_v the_o country_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o stand_v in_o fear_n of_o their_o law_n which_o will_v not_o permit_v a_o foreiner_n to_o live_v among_o they_o but_o as_o their_o revenger_n insult_v over_o they_o by_o often_o lay_v their_o country_n under_o water_n in_o a_o most_o lamentable_a manner_n the_o hill_n quenlun_n from_o whence_o it_o have_v its_o source_n be_v in_o my_o opinion_n the_o amazion_n hill_n be_v situate_v not_o far_o from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o laor_n or_o tihet_n and_o that_o which_o be_v more_o the_o very_a situation_n of_o those_o place_n and_o country_n do_v demonstrate_v that_o from_o the_o same_o hill_n the_o rivers_n ganges_n in_o cengala_n mesor_n in_o laor_n and_o several_a other_o famous_a stream_n which_o water_n the_o part_n of_o zion_n and_o pegu_n have_v their_o rise_n for_o the_o chineses_n believe_v and_o so_o report_n that_o there_o be_v very_o many_o great_a river_n southward_o which_o take_v their_o rise_n from_o these_o hill_n but_o to_o return_v whence_o we_o have_v digress_v after_o this_o yellow_a river_n be_v pass_v beyond_o the_o vast_a territory_n of_o sifan_n and_o taniju_n which_o do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o belong_v to_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n it_o run_v before_o the_o city_n lingao_n not_o far_o from_o another_o call_a king_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la in_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o great_a wall_n make_v to_o prevent_v the_o invasion_n of_o the_o tartar_n reach_v towards_o the_o east_n which_o it_o likewise_o wash_v then_o it_o run_v with_o great_a fury_n as_o well_o towards_o the_o north_n as_o the_o east_n by_o one_o side_n of_o the_o vast_a wilderness_n call_v samo_n at_o least_o two_o thousand_o furlong_n and_o then_o turn_v towards_o the_o south_n where_o it_o pass_v through_o the_o gate_n see_v which_o be_v in_o the_o wall_n and_o so_o divide_v the_o two_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la and_o xansi_fw-la thence_o it_o run_v into_o several_a other_o province_n whereof_o i_o have_v former_o make_v mention_n in_o the_o description_n of_o our_o journey_n to_o peking_n the_o water_n of_o this_o yellow_a river_n be_v very_o thick_a and_o muddy_a the_o people_n report_v it_o will_v not_o grow_v clear_a in_o a_o thousand_o year_n and_o therefore_o when_o they_o speak_v of_o any_o difficult_a undertake_n they_o use_v as_o a_o proverbial_a speech_n among_o they_o to_o say_v when_o the_o yellow_a river_n be_v clear_a but_o notwithstanding_o this_o report_n of_o they_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o seaman_n which_o frequent_a this_o river_n have_v a_o art_n to_o make_v the_o water_n clear_a by_o fling_v allom_n into_o it_o which_o be_v dissolve_v therein_o make_v the_o mud_n sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o water-shoots_a and_o great_a fall_n of_o water_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la near_o to_o pingiao_n be_v a_o great_a fall_n of_o water_n which_o make_v such_o a_o noise_n
that_o it_o be_v hear_v some_o mile_n distant_a in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n hard_a by_o the_o chief_a city_n nanchange_n be_v the_o mountain_n pechang_n which_o signify_v the_o mountain_n of_o a_o hundred_o rod_n because_o the_o water_n there_o run_v so_o far_o with_o great_a impetuousness_n in_o the_o river_n chuem_fw-la which_o run_v near_o to_o xunk_v through_o steep_a and_o cragged_a rock_n be_v thirty_o six_o great_a water-falls_a which_o continual_o roar_v with_o a_o most_o hideous_a noise_n near_o to_o the_o ten_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o province_n be_v a_o river_n call_v xemuen_v or_o heng_n which_o run_v with_o great_a boisterousness_n from_o a_o water-shoot_a that_o fall_v into_o it_o the_o river_n yao_n in_o its_o passage_n by_o the_o city_n liniao_n make_v so_o great_a a_o noise_n as_o if_o it_o thunder_v from_o the_o mountain_n of_o taye_n be_v cataract_n that_o fall_v with_o great_a force_n at_o least_o four_o hundred_o rods._n near_o to_o the_o city_n tau_n be_v so_o plentiful_a a_o water-fall_a that_o it_o have_v cause_v a_o mere_a or_o lake_n near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o choxang_n be_v a_o river_n call_v xangyung_a wherein_o be_v so_o great_a a_o fall_n of_o the_o water_n that_o when_o at_o any_o time_n a_o stone_n be_v but_o fling_v into_o it_o it_o cause_v rain_n and_o thunder_n which_o may_v well_o be_v esteem_v a_o prodigy_n near_o to_o the_o city_n hoeicheu_o lie_v the_o river_n singan_n which_o have_v at_o least_o three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o water-shoots_a fall_v into_o it_o between_o vale_n and_o rock_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n near_o the_o city_n tingcheu_o be_v a_o river_n which_o run_v to_o jenp_v which_o have_v many_o of_o these_o water-falls_a and_o dangerous_a sand_n and_o rock_n insomuch_o that_o when_o any_o vessel_n sail_v down_o with_o the_o stream_n the_o skipper_n to_o avoid_v shipwreck_n fling_v out_o great_a bundle_n of_o straw_n beforehand_o which_o stop_v against_o the_o rock_n preserve_v the_o vessel_n that_o strike_v against_o they_o from_o beat_v themselves_o in_o piece_n near_o to_o the_o city_n kiegan_n lie_v the_o river_n can_v where_o the_o dangerous_a rock_n call_v xetapan_n take_v their_o rise_n it_o be_v very_o hazardous_a to_o sail_v down_o the_o river_n from_o this_o city_n by_o reason_n of_o blind_a cliff_n and_o sand_n which_o have_v destroy_v many_o vessel_n for_o the_o sand_n be_v not_o easy_o discoverable_a the_o river_n run_v with_o great_a swiftness_n over_o they_o and_o therefore_o whatever_o skipper_n sail_v that_o way_n take_v with_o they_o always_o a_o expert_a pilot_n from_o this_o city_n near_o to_o the_o city_n ce_fw-fr lie_v the_o river_n tan_n which_o signify_v red_a because_o the_o water_n thereof_o look_v like_o blood_n they_o report_v that_o this_o water_n be_v former_o very_o clear_a and_o white_a but_o that_o it_o receive_v this_o colour_n by_o mean_n of_o one_o pei_n a_o very_a faithful_a governor_n of_o his_o country_n who_o for_o some_o reason_n unknown_a kill_v himself_o upon_o the_o side_n of_o this_o river_n and_o ever_o since_o the_o water_n have_v retain_v a_o bloody_a tincture_n there_o run_v a_o river_n before_o the_o small_a city_n cuckoe_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n call_v the_o river_n of_o pearl_n for_o that_o in_o the_o night_n it_o glitter_v and_o sparkle_v as_o if_o it_o be_v full_a of_o precious_a stone_n also_o before_o the_o city_n of_o jungcheu_fw-la run_v the_o river_n siang_n who_o water_n be_v of_o a_o crystal_n clearness_n so_o that_o though_o it_o be_v several_a fathom_n deep_a yet_o one_o may_v see_v plain_o any_o thing_n that_o lie_v at_o the_o bottom_n near_o to_o foam_v run_v a_o small_a river_n from_o the_o mountain_n talao_n the_o water_n whereof_o turn_v blue_a in_o harvest_n at_o which_o time_n the_o inhabitant_n wash_v their_o clothes_n in_o the_o same_o to_o give_v they_o that_o colour_n which_o it_o do_v with_o as_o good_a effect_n as_o any_o artificial_a dyer_n can_v do_v the_o river_n kiemo_n near_o to_o paogan_n be_v say_v to_o have_v such_o a_o occult_a quality_n that_o it_o will_v bear_v no_o vessel_n of_o wood_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o come_v upon_o it_o it_o sink_v as_o sudden_o as_o if_o it_o vanish_v in_o the_o air._n the_o like_a be_v the_o river_n io_n near_o to_o kancheu_o which_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o weak_a river_n because_o it_o will_v bear_v nothing_o that_o be_v heavy_a near_o to_o chingtien_n upon_o the_o mountain_n cucai_n be_v a_o small_a river_n who_o water_n be_v very_o sweet_a and_o well_o scent_v near_o to_o choxan_n be_v the_o river_n cungyang_n who_o water_n take_v spot_n and_o stain_n out_o of_o all_o sort_n of_o clothes_n and_o be_v so_o natural_o cool_v to_o the_o air_n that_o it_o temper_v the_o heat_n of_o summer_n and_o therefore_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n have_v build_v a_o palace_n over_o this_o river_n to_o which_o they_o frequent_o resort_v to_o avoid_v the_o extraordinary_a heat_n the_o river_n kinxa_n or_o the_o river_n of_o gold_n be_v so_o name_v because_o the_o inhabitant_n find_v great_a quantity_n thereof_o in_o the_o same_o near_o to_o the_o city_n pezan_n run_v the_o river_n vhe_fw-it but_o more_o peculiar_o call_v hoanglung_v that_o be_v the_o yellow_a dragon_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n fancy_n that_o they_o see_v a_o yellow_a dragon_n therein_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o race_n of_o hana_n the_o river_n siangyn_n which_o run_v before_o mielo_n be_v famous_a because_o it_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o feast_n tuonu_n which_o be_v observe_v and_o keep_v through_o all_o china_n upon_o the_o five_o day_n of_o the_o five_o month_n in_o memory_n of_o a_o certain_a faithful_a governor_n who_o drown_v himself_o in_o this_o river_n to_o prevent_v some_o traitor_n that_o be_v plot_v to_o take_v away_o his_o life_n he_o be_v a_o man_n well_o belove_v by_o the_o people_n over_o who_o he_o rule_v they_o to_o this_o day_n as_o a_o honour_n to_o his_o posterity_n and_o to_o continue_v his_o fame_n make_v great_a entertainment_n in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n near_o to_o the_o city_n of_o vucheu_fw-la run_v the_o river_n lieufan_n from_o whence_o the_o chineses_n fetch_v the_o water_n which_o they_o use_v in_o hour-glass_n in_o stead_n of_o sand_n because_o this_o water_n be_v of_o all_o other_o the_o least_o subject_a to_o alteration_n either_o of_o time_n or_o weather_n near_o to_o kiegan_n be_v a_o river_n call_v scent_v which_o signify_v a_o pipe_n or_o flute_n because_o the_o water_n run_v very_o swift_a through_o cliff_n and_o stony_a place_n make_v a_o very_a musical_a and_o delightful_a noise_n near_o to_o xincheu_fw-la be_v the_o river_n xo_o which_o do_v infallible_o cure_v several_a sort_n of_o disease_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la run_v a_o river_n which_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o course_n be_v call_v sometime_o i_o sometime_o cientang_n and_o in_o some_o place_n cingan_n this_o river_n cause_v upon_o the_o eighteen_o day_n of_o the_o eight_o month_n such_o a_o very_a high_a tide_n before_o this_o city_n that_o it_o extreme_o puzzle_v the_o philosopher_n themselves_o to_o find_v out_o the_o meaning_n or_o give_v the_o reason_n thereof_o for_o upon_o that_o day_n the_o water_n rise_v high_a than_o at_o any_o other_o time_n of_o the_o year_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o so_o very_o famous_a be_v this_o day_n that_o the_o whole_a city_n about_o four_o a_o clock_n make_v towards_o the_o river_n to_o behold_v the_o wonderful_a operation_n of_o spring_n wells_n and_o fountain_n in_o chint_v the_o four_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n lie_v a_o mere_a which_o have_v its_o rise_n from_o two_o spring_n the_o water_n of_o the_o one_o be_v very_o hot_a the_o other_o cold_a and_o yet_o they_o lie_v but_o at_o a_o small_a distance_n asunder_o upon_o the_o hill_n ganlo_n near_o to_o the_o city_n jungchang_n be_v a_o stone_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o man_n nose_n and_o from_o his_o nostril_n arise_v two_o spring_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v warm_a the_o other_o cold_a in_o tengcheu_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n be_v a_o spring_n call_v hanuen_o which_o be_v a_o miracle_n in_o nature_n for_o it_o bubble_n forth_o water_v both_o hot_a and_o cold_a at_o the_o same_o time_n which_o separate_a and_o divide_v themselves_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la in_o the_o city_n of_o lincheng_n be_v a_o fountain_n as_o clear_a as_o crystal_n be_v scarce_o five_o foot_n deep_a yet_o the_o top_n thereof_o be_v very_o cold_a but_o the_o bottom_n so_o hot_a that_o there_o be_v no_o endure_v to_o touch_v it_o with_o one_o foot_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n be_v a_o spring_n the_o one_o half_n whereof_o be_v
clear_a and_o the_o other_o muddy_a although_o any_o person_n take_v of_o the_o water_n and_o mingle_v they_o yet_o nevertheless_o they_o immediate_o part_v and_o divide_v each_o receive_v present_o their_o former_a colour_n near_o to_o jungp_v be_v a_o spring_n who_o water_n be_v so_o hot_a that_o it_o will_v boil_v a_o egg._n near_o to_o the_o city_n hiqoy_n be_v a_o hill_n call_v caotung_v upon_o which_o be_v several_a warm_a bath_n and_o hot_a spring_n near_o to_o jungcheng_n be_v a_o hill_n call_v gailo_n upon_o which_o be_v a_o very_a deep_a well_o which_o serve_v the_o inhabitant_n by_o observation_n of_o its_o rise_n or_o fall_v for_o a_o sign_n of_o a_o fruitful_a or_o barren_a year_n there_o be_v several_a other_o spring_n and_o water_n in_o many_o other_o place_n of_o china_n which_o be_v very_o remarkable_a for_o their_o quality_n and_o have_v great_a esteem_n among_o they_o because_o they_o have_v have_v sufficient_a experience_n of_o their_o virtue_n wherewith_o we_o shall_v no_o long_o detain_v the_o reader_n but_o proceed_v to_o what_o follow_v chap._n xiii_o of_o hill_n and_o mountain_n very_a curious_a and_o indeed_o nice_a even_o to_o superstition_n be_v the_o chineses_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o hill_n for_o they_o say_v and_o believe_v all_o their_o fortune_n depend_v upon_o it_o be_v place_n inhabit_v as_o they_o imagine_v by_o dragon_n unto_o who_o they_o attribute_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o their_o good_a fortune_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n when_o any_o of_o they_o intend_v to_o erect_v a_o tomb_n which_o be_v general_o do_v among_o the_o mountain_n by_o rich_a people_n they_o diligent_o examine_v the_o shape_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o hill_n for_o its_o situation_n and_o be_v very_o solicitous_a to_o discover_v a_o happy_a piece_n of_o earth_n and_o such_o they_o esteem_v so_o which_o have_v the_o resemblance_n of_o the_o head_n tail_n or_o heart_n of_o a_o dragon_n which_o once_o find_v they_o imagine_v that_o according_a to_o wish_v all_o thing_n shall_v go_v well_o with_o their_o posterity_n and_o this_o fancy_n be_v so_o general_o prevalent_a with_o they_o that_o there_o be_v many_o who_o profess_v the_o art_n of_o tell_v fortune_n by_o the_o form_n of_o hill_n in_o the_o description_n of_o hill_n and_o mountain_n i_o shall_v not_o only_o mention_v their_o largeness_n height_n etc._n etc._n but_o likewise_o their_o nature_n shape_n form_n and_o the_o beast_n that_o live_v upon_o they_o the_o mountain_n lungcve_v near_o to_o kungyang_n be_v about_o two_o mile_n and_o half_a big_a sume_v near_o to_o xaohing_n fill_v a_o place_n of_o seven_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a lofeu_n near_o to_o polo_n be_v in_o its_o circumference_n eighteen_o miles_n and_o a_o half_a tiengo_n near_o to_o pinkiang_n be_v thirty_o one_o mile_n in_o extent_n so_o also_o be_v the_o mountain_n quanghia_n near_o to_o nank_v the_o heng_n near_o to_o hoenyven_v be_v fifty_o mile_n large_a the_o then_o begin_v at_o jotyen_n and_o teach_v sixty_o three_o mile_n in_o length_n at_o kinhoa_n near_o to_o thou_o lie_v the_o mountain_n kime_v which_o be_v the_o large_a in_o extent_n of_o all_o the_o mountain_n of_o china_n the_o ximus_n near_o to_o taigan_n be_v three_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a high_a it_o be_v say_v that_o upon_o the_o top_n thereof_o at_o the_o first_o crow_v of_o the_o cock_n the_o sun_n may_v be_v see_v to_o rise_v the_o tientai_n be_v five_o mile_n high_a the_o vempi_n in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_o reach_v with_o its_o top_n above_o the_o cloud_n at_o sintien_n lie_v the_o mountain_n pie_n which_o be_v the_o high_a of_o all_o hill_n and_o reach_v far_o above_o the_o cloud_n near_o to_o the_o city_n xefan_n lie_v the_o mountain_n tafung_a which_o seem_v to_o touch_v the_o very_a sky_n near_o to_o cangki_n be_v a_o very_a high_a mountain_n call_v juntai_n which_o they_o entitle_v the_o throne_n of_o heaven_n the_o hocang_n be_v so_o high_a that_o it_o ascend_v ten_o thousand_o foot_n above_o the_o earth_n and_o never_o any_o rain_n or_o snow_n be_v see_v to_o fall_v upon_o it_o the_o kime_v near_o to_o the_o city_n yn_n require_v nine_o day_n travel_v to_o the_o top_n of_o it_o in_o quangsi_n near_o the_o city_n jeyang_n lie_v the_o mountain_n paofung_a who_o top_n reach_v to_o the_o very_a cloud_n and_o yet_o have_v a_o stone_n house_n build_v upon_o it_o there_o be_v very_o many_o other_o wonderful_a hill_n and_o mountain_n in_o the_o province_n of_o china_n which_o we_o shall_v omit_v to_o mention_v for_o brevity_n sake_n and_o shall_v proceed_v to_o speak_v of_o their_o shape_v and_o nature_n the_o hill_n of_o umuen_n show_v as_o if_o they_o hang_v in_o the_o air._n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n be_v a_o hill_n which_o bear_v the_o shape_n of_o a_o elephant_n the_o mountain_n utung_n resemble_v the_o shape_n of_o a_o man_n stand_v upright_o with_o his_o head_n bow_v downward_o near_o to_o paoki_n be_v a_o hill_n call_v chincang_v who_o concave_a part_n be_v such_o that_o before_o stormy_a wether_n or_o thunder_n it_o will_v roar_v in_o so_o fearful_a a_o manner_n that_o the_o noise_n may_v be_v hear_v two_o mile_n near_o to_o sinyang_n be_v a_o very_a high_a and_o pleasant_a hill_n who_o top_n against_o rain_n be_v always_o cover_v with_o a_o cloud_n near_o to_o pingchai_n lie_v the_o mountain_n pequi_n of_o which_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o melt_a of_o the_o winter_n snow_n upon_o its_o top_n be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o plentiful_a year_n but_o if_o it_o continue_v all_o summer_n unmelted_a it_o be_v a_o bad_a sign_n upon_o the_o mountain_n kesin_n near_o to_o the_o garrison-city_n it_o be_v extraordinary_a cold_a near_o to_o nank_v be_v a_o great_a hill_n name_v quanglin_n which_o in_o the_o fair_a wether_n be_v always_o so_o very_o much_o cover_v with_o cloud_n that_o it_o be_v hardly_o to_o be_v see_v at_o any_o little_a distance_n near_o to_o xaicheu_fw-la lie_v the_o mountain_n lingfung_a upon_o which_o if_o any_o rain_n do_v fall_v in_o the_o daytime_n a_o great_a flame_n of_o fire_n appear_v in_o the_o night_n but_o in_o dry_a wether_n there_o be_v see_v no_o such_o appearance_n the_o mountain_n hoo_n be_v call_v the_o fiery_a mountain_n because_o in_o the_o nighttime_n certain_a light_n appear_v upon_o the_o same_o as_o so_o many_o burn_a candle_n country_n people_n speak_v they_o to_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o glow-worm_n which_o creep_v out_o of_o the_o river_n by_o night_n and_o shine_v after_o this_o manner_n near_o to_o munghoa_n lie_v the_o mount_n tienul_v call_v the_o ear_n of_o heaven_n famous_a for_o a_o notable_a echo_n the_o mountain_n quan_fw-mi be_v store_v with_o brave_a hawk_n and_o kite_n which_o the_o great_a one_o use_v for_o their_o recreation_n the_o chinese_n historian_n relate_v that_o near_o to_o sinfung_a lie_v a_o very_a great_a hill_n upon_o which_o such_o wild_a beast_n and_o man_n live_v who_o like_v be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o other_o place_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n fungcao_n as_o be_v say_v the_o incomparable_a and_o seldom_o see_v phoenix_n have_v her_o nest_n under_o which_o be_v find_v a_o extraordinary_a precious_a stone_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la upon_o the_o mountain_n holan_n be_v a_o great_a race_n of_o wild_a horse_n and_o upon_o that_o of_o liniao_n breed_v several_a wild_a ox_n tiger_n and_o other_o creature_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n upon_o the_o mountain_n cutien_n a_o incredible_a thing_n to_o be_v tell_v be_v tiger_n who_o have_v leave_v off_o their_o fierceness_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n be_v of_o that_o quality_n that_o if_o any_o be_v bring_v thither_o wild_a from_o other_o place_n they_o become_v tame_a in_o a_o short_a time_n the_o same_o thing_n happen_v to_o snake_n near_o to_o cinyven_v in_o the_o province_n of_o junnan_n be_v the_o mountain_n nilo_n where_o be_v great_a abundance_n of_o tiger_n and_o leopard_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n near_o to_o cungkiang_n upon_o a_o mountain_n call_v toyung_a be_v monkey_n which_o very_o much_o resemble_v a_o man._n near_o to_o the_o city_n changcheu_o lie_v the_o hill_n cio_o upon_o which_o be_v say_v to_o lie_v a_o stone_n of_o five_o rod_n high_a end_v eighteen_o inch_n thick_a which_o of_o its_o self_n roll_v and_o move_v up_o and_o down_o against_o foul_a wether_n near_o to_o lioyang_n upon_o the_o mountain_n yoinea_fw-mi which_o signify_v the_o mountain_n of_o the_o rich_a woman_n be_v to_o be_v see_v a_o statue_n of_o a_o very_a beautiful_a woman_n not_o make_v by_o art_n but_o grow_v there_o natural_o near_o to_o the_o city_n jengan_n in_o a_o certain_a hollow_a place_n of_o the_o mountain_n chingleang_v be_v to_o be_v see_v a_o whole_a herd_n of_o strange_a idol_n to_o the_o number_n of_o above_o a_o thousand_o
this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o the_o house_n in_o china_n and_o japan_n glitter_v and_o shine_v so_o bright_a that_o they_o dazzle_v the_o eye_n of_o such_o as_o behold_v they_o this_o paint_n also_o lay_v a_o shine_a colour_n upon_o wood_n which_o be_v so_o beautiful_a and_o last_a that_o they_o use_v few_o or_o no_o table-cloth_n at_o their_o meal_n for_o if_o they_o spill_v any_o grease_n or_o other_o liquor_n upon_o the_o table_n it_o be_v easy_o rub_v off_o with_o a_o little_a fair_a water_n without_o loss_n or_o damage_n of_o colour_n chap._n xv._n of_o root_n herb_n flower_n reed_n tree_n and_o fruit_n the_o vast_a and_o large_a territory_n of_o this_o empire_n which_o reach_v not_o only_o very_o far_o from_o east_n to_o west_n but_o also_o from_o south_n to_o north_n occasion_v that_o in_o no_o part_n of_o the_o universe_n so_o great_a a_o variety_n of_o fruit_n be_v produce_v the_o true_a and_o natural_a cause_n whereof_o be_v the_o several_a temper_n of_o the_o air_n which_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v grant_v in_o so_o immense_a territory_n it_o be_v by_o experience_n know_v that_o some_o grow_v best_a under_o a_o hot_a climate_n other_o under_o a_o cold_a and_o some_o under_o a_o well_o temper_a air_n all_o which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o this_o country_n the_o learned_a among_o themselves_o have_v describe_v at_o large_a in_o their_o book_n what_o each_o province_n do_v produce_v by_o the_o view_n whereof_o and_o other_o particular_a relation_n this_o may_v be_v affirm_v for_o truth_n in_o general_a that_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o man_n as_o well_o as_o for_o delight_n be_v to_o be_v have_v there_o in_o great_a abundance_n without_o be_v behold_v to_o their_o neighbour_n and_o thus_o much_o i_o dare_v from_o my_o own_o knowledge_n affirm_v that_o whatever_o be_v to_o be_v have_v in_o europe_n be_v likewise_o find_v in_o china_n and_o if_o in_o truth_n there_o want_v any_o thing_n nature_n have_v supply_v that_o single_a defect_n with_o divers_a other_o thing_n beyond_o those_o we_o have_v in_o europe_n now_o that_o it_o may_v be_v obvious_a to_o every_o understanding_n with_o what_o a_o copious_a harvest_n of_o fruit_n and_o vegetable_n mild_a nature_n have_v bless_v this_o empire_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o i_o shall_v brief_o discourse_v thereof_o as_o follow_v in_o jungp_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n grow_v a_o very_a excellent_a root_n and_o of_o great_a esteem_n call_v by_o they_o ginseng_n but_o by_o the_o islander_n of_o japan_n nisi_fw-la the_o reason_n of_o the_o chinese_n name_n seem_v to_o be_v derive_v from_o its_o shape_n in_o regard_n it_o artificial_o resemble_v a_o man_n it_o be_v not_o much_o unlike_a to_o the_o mandrake_n of_o europe_n only_o it_o be_v much_o less_o neither_o do_v i_o much_o doubt_n but_o it_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o mandrake_n in_o regard_n it_o have_v the_o same_o shape_n and_o virtue_n this_o root_n be_v dry_v be_v yellow_a of_o colour_n and_o sweetish_a of_o taste_n but_o be_v chew_v it_o seem_v to_o be_v mingle_v with_o a_o little_a bitterness_n it_o be_v a_o great_a enlivener_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o a_o man_n and_o therefore_o such_o as_o be_v of_o a_o hot_a and_o strong_a constitution_n endanger_v their_o life_n by_o use_v it_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o strengthen_n nature_n and_o quality_n whereas_o person_n weak_a and_o feeble_a through_o sickness_n or_o otherwise_o find_v great_a advantage_n in_o the_o use_n thereof_o for_o such_o be_v the_o sovereign_a virtue_n of_o this_o root_n that_o it_o have_v recover_v some_o that_o be_v bring_v to_o death_n door_n for_o which_o its_o most_o rare_a quality_n it_o be_v become_v of_o so_o great_a price_n that_o it_o be_v common_o sell_v for_o thrice_o its_o weight_n in_o silver_n in_o queicheu_o near_o to_o lipe_v grow_v the_o best_a root_n of_o china_n there_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o true_a and_o counterfeit_a yet_o both_o natural_a the_o true_a grow_v near_o to_o this_o city_n and_o in_o other_o place_n the_o counterfeit_a or_o to_o speak_v more_o proper_o the_o wild_a root_n and_o be_v that_o which_o be_v bring_v general_o into_o europe_n it_o be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n within_o but_o neither_o so_o big_a nor_o of_o so_o great_a virtue_n as_o the_o true_a which_o grow_v and_o increase_v under_o ground_n almost_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o potato_n in_o india_n and_o especial_o in_o old_a pinetree_n wood_n from_o whence_o they_o say_v this_o root_n proceed_v first_o of_o all_o from_o the_o gum_n or_o juice_n of_o the_o pinetree_n which_o fall_v upon_o the_o ground_n take_v root_n and_o bring_v forth_o a_o herb_n which_o by_o degree_n spread_v itself_o upon_o the_o earth_n and_o grow_v under_o ground_n with_o knotty_a root_n in_o shape_n bigness_n and_o colour_n not_o unlike_a to_o the_o indian_a coco-nut_n but_o thin_a and_o soft_a which_o they_o use_v in_o several_a medicine_n this_o root_n be_v first_o know_v in_o europe_n in_o the_o year_n 1535._o when_o the_o chineses_n bring_v the_o same_o to_o be_v sell_v in_o the_o city_n of_o goa_n in_o india_n and_o although_o the_o like_a root_n may_v grow_v in_o other_o part_n of_o india_n as_o also_o in_o the_o west-indies_n yet_o be_v it_o much_o inferior_a in_o goodness_n to_o that_o of_o the_o east_n the_o best_a whereof_o be_v tasteless_a heavy_a sound_a and_o firm_a this_o root_n have_v a_o particular_a virtue_n according_a to_o the_o relation_n of_o garcias_n for_o the_o cure_n of_o the_o spanish_a pox_n and_o be_v sovereign_a against_o the_o itch_n tremble_n ache_n gout_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v also_o very_o good_a for_o a_o weak_a stomach_n headache_n the_o stone_n in_o the_o bladder_n proceed_v from_o cold._n here_o grow_v also_o great_a store_n of_o ginger_n in_o this_o country_n so_o pure_o and_o with_o such_o celerity_n as_o exceed_v all_o in_o other_o country_n though_o it_o be_v true_a in_o several_a other_o part_n there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o ginger_n to_o be_v have_v as_o at_o bengala_n and_o upon_o the_o island_n molucco_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n bring_v into_o europe_n of_o this_o root_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n male_a and_o female_a which_o last_o be_v small_a of_o leaf_n and_o root_n than_o the_o first_o the_o leave_n be_v very_a like_o those_o of_o reed_n so_o that_o whosoever_o never_o see_v any_o ginger_n grow_v will_v take_v they_o to_o be_v reed_n the_o leave_n of_o the_o male_a sort_n through_o which_o run_v some_o great_a sinew_n or_o vein_n rise_v not_o much_o high_a than_o three_o foot_n above_o ground_n the_o root_n be_v of_o several_a weight_n and_o bigness_n whereof_o some_o have_v the_o length_n of_o four_o span_n full_a of_o knot_n and_o shoot_v not_o deep_a into_o the_o ground_n but_o like_o reed_n grow_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n when_o the_o leave_n be_v wither_v which_o be_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o summer_n when_o they_o take_v they_o up_o they_o break_v off_o a_o piece_n and_o fling_v it_o into_o the_o ground_n again_o for_o a_o increase_n the_o root_n fresh_a take_v up_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o abound_a moisture_n be_v not_o so_o hot_a of_o taste_n as_o the_o dry_a which_o be_v lay_v a_o little_a into_o the_o sun_n to_o harden_v thus_o prepare_v they_o fling_v mold_n or_o clay_n upon_o they_o to_o prevent_v they_o from_o be_v worm-eaten_a which_o this_o root_n be_v very_o subject_a to_o it_o increase_v very_o fast_o as_o do_v all_o other_o spice_n which_o grow_v in_o such_o place_n as_o lie_v near_o the_o sea_n and_o though_o the_o chineses_n and_o other_o plant_v ginger_n among_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o herb_n yet_o however_o it_o grow_v also_o wild_a but_o fall_v short_a of_o the_o goodness_n of_o that_o which_o be_v cultivate_v when_o they_o intend_v to_o prepare_v this_o commodity_n for_o sale_n they_o first_o pare_v it_o and_o then_o put_v it_o immediate_o into_o pickle_n or_o vinegar_n for_o a_o hour_n or_o two_o afterward_o they_o take_v it_o out_o and_o lay_v it_o in_o the_o sun_n to_o dry_v for_o the_o like_a space_n then_o they_o take_v it_o again_o into_o the_o house_n put_v it_o up_o into_o a_o dry_a place_n and_o there_o let_v it_o lie_v till_o all_o the_o moisture_n be_v draw_v out_o which_o do_v they_o put_v it_o into_o pickle_n with_o good_a store_n of_o sugar_n and_o this_o kind_n of_o order_v make_v it_o pleasant_a to_o the_o palate_n and_o abate_v much_o of_o its_o heat_n and_o this_o be_v general_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o greenginger_n which_o as_o a_o salad_n be_v use_v by_o the_o chinese_n among_o other_o herb_n it_o be_v very_o sovereign_a for_o several_a distemper_n as_o pain_n in_o the_o
belly_n colic_n flux_n etc._n etc._n but_o person_n of_o a_o hot_a constitution_n ought_v to_o use_v it_o moderate_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o inflame_v the_o blood_n most_o of_o the_o province_n of_o china_n abound_v as_o well_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o eatable_n as_o medicinal_a herb_n we_o will_v descend_v a_o little_a to_o particular_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n kingyang_n grow_v a_o herb_n call_v kinsu_v which_o for_o its_o resemblance_n to_o a_o tuft_n of_o yellow_a hair_n the_o chineses_n call_v the_o golden_a or_o the_o gold_n thread_n of_o silkworm_n it_o be_v of_o a_o bitter_a taste_n and_o rather_o of_o a_o cool_a then_o warm_v quality_n it_o cure_v all_o manner_n of_o scurf_n of_o the_o body_n here_o also_o grow_v another_o herb_n call_v quei_z good_a against_o melancholy_n and_o occasion_v joy_n and_o gladness_n of_o heart_n if_o take_v inward_o near_o to_o cingcheu_o in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n lie_v some_o island_n wherein_o grow_v a_o herb_n call_v lungsiu_n which_o make_v horse_n strong_a and_o swift_a if_o they_o eat_v of_o the_o same_o also_o near_o the_o same_o city_n grow_v the_o herb_n of_o a_o thousand_o year_n so_o common_o call_v but_o they_o far_o affirm_v of_o it_o that_o it_o be_v immortal_a and_o never_o die_v the_o water_n wherein_o the_o same_o have_v be_v infuse_v be_v drink_v make_v white_a hair_n black_a and_o be_v very_o good_a to_o prolong_v life_n there_o be_v beside_o these_o several_a other_o incomparable_a herb_n which_o be_v use_v among_o they_o for_o the_o cure_n of_o distemper_n of_o all_o sort_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tanyeu_n grow_v a_o certain_a herb_n very_o high_a among_o the_o rock_n which_o will_v not_o burn_v when_o fling_v into_o the_o fire_n and_o there_o keep_v for_o some_o time_n only_o it_o will_v turn_v a_o little_a red_a but_o as_o soon_o as_o out_o of_o the_o fire_n present_o recover_v its_o pristine_a and_o natural_a colour_n yet_o although_o it_o resist_v fire_n it_o immediate_o turn_v to_o dirt_n be_v put_v into_o water_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n near_o to_o kiunchen_n grow_v the_o herb_n chifung_a so_o call_v because_o it_o show_v which_o way_n the_o wind_n blow_v the_o seaman_n say_v they_o can_v discover_v by_o the_o same_o what_o stormy_a wether_n they_o shall_v have_v before_o they_o go_v to_o sea_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n near_o to_o chincheu_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v a_o kind_n of_o cloth_n of_o a_o certain_a herb_n call_v thou_o which_o be_v esteem_v far_o before_o silk_n and_o much_o dear_a but_o in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_o near_o to_o lipe_v they_o make_v cloth_n of_o a_o herb_n very_o like_o hemp_n and_o call_v co_n which_o be_v very_o commodious_a in_o summer_n the_o chinese_n physician_n say_v that_o upon_o the_o mountain_n tiengo_n grow_v above_o a_o hundred_o sort_n of_o simple_n all_o of_o very_o sovereign_a virtue_n but_o among_o all_o other_o china_n be_v famous_a for_o a_o herb_n call_v thea_fw-mi or_o cha_fw-mi and_o whereof_o the_o native_n and_o other_o neighbour_a people_n make_v their_o liquor_n call_v thea_fw-mi or_o cha_fw-mi take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o herb._n there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a difference_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o prepare_v and_o use_v this_o liquor_n between_o the_o chinese_n and_o those_o of_o japan_n for_o that_o the_o japanner_n beat_v the_o leave_v to_o a_o powder_n and_o mingle_v it_o with_o boil_a water_n in_o a_o cup_n which_o they_o afterward_o drink_v off_o but_o the_o chineses_n put_v the_o leave_v whole_a into_o a_o pot_n of_o boil_a water_n which_o have_v lie_v in_o steep_a for_o some_o time_n they_o sip_v off_o hot_a without_o swallow_v down_o any_o of_o the_o leave_n but_o only_o the_o quintessence_n thereof_o extract_v other_o prepare_v it_o with_o milk_n and_o a_o little_a salt_n mingle_v with_o water_n which_o be_v not_o so_o well_o approve_v but_o however_o prepare_v it_o be_v not_o only_o drink_v in_o china_n and_o other_o part_n of_o india_n but_o be_v much_o use_v likewise_o in_o divers_a other_o country_n and_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o people_n that_o they_o find_v much_o good_a by_o it_o enhance_v the_o price_n and_o make_v the_o same_o be_v sell_v here_o at_o a_o very_a dear_a rate_n in_o xensi_fw-la near_o the_o city_n hacheu_o be_v great_a store_n of_o hemp_n but_o no_o flax_n grow_v in_o all_o the_o empire_n in_o kiangsi_n near_o the_o city_n kienchang_n grow_v a_o sort_n of_o rice_n so_o far_o exceed_v the_o rest_n for_o goodness_n that_o the_o emperor_n himself_o send_v for_o his_o own_o store_n from_o thence_o and_o for_o its_o excellency_n the_o chineses_n call_v it_o silver-cron_n in_o xensi_fw-la near_o the_o city_n kingyang_n grow_v another_o sort_n of_o rice_n use_v by_o the_o people_n to_o purge_v the_o body_n and_o cause_n urine_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n upon_o the_o mountain_n tienno_n near_o the_o city_n hangcheu_o grow_v mushroom_n in_o great_a abundance_n which_o be_v disperse_v into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o will_v keep_v good_a a_o whole_a year_n either_o dry_v or_o pickle_a this_o country_n produce_v abundance_n of_o cotton_n the_o seed_n whereof_o be_v bring_v thither_o about_o five_o hundred_o year_n since_o and_o though_o this_o fruit_n do_v likewise_o grow_v in_o other_o part_n at_o present_a as_o in_o arabia_n upon_o the_o island_n of_o cyprus_n maltha_n in_o sicily_n and_o in_o egypt_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o since_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o profitable_a commodity_n for_o trade_n in_o china_n to_o give_v this_o brief_a description_n thereof_o it_o grow_v upon_o a_o stalk_v almost_o three_o foot_n high_a cover_v with_o a_o red_a bark_n and_o full_a of_o prickle_n divide_v itself_o into_o several_a branch_n the_o leave_n be_v not_o much_o unlike_o those_o of_o the_o vine_n and_o divide_v into_o three_o part_n which_o for_o bigness_n may_v be_v compare_v with_o those_o of_o the_o mast-tree_n it_o bear_v a_o flower_n which_o be_v yellow_a on_o the_o outside_n and_o red_a in_o the_o middle_n from_o which_o proceed_v a_o round_a fruit_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o apple_n wherein_o when_o it_o be_v ripe_a the_o wool_n lie_v conceal_v which_o be_v afterward_o gather_v sell_v and_o dispose_v of_o to_o several_a uses_n the_o leave_n of_o the_o cotton-tree_n be_v general_o alike_o only_o here_o and_o there_o some_o be_v smooth_a soft_a and_o more_o even_a than_o other_o in_o some_o place_n of_o china_n bean_n may_v be_v see_v grow_v upon_o tree_n a_o sort_n of_o which_o near_o the_o city_n changchang_n be_v repute_v good_a against_o poison_n the_o province_n of_o quantung_n produce_v abundance_n of_o osier_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o rope_n twist_v together_o by_o nature_n of_o which_o there_o be_v whole_a mountain_n full_a in_o this_o province_n which_o be_v put_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o divers_a uses_n and_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v very_o tough_a and_o will_v not_o easy_o break_v they_o make_v sometime_o cordage_n thereof_o for_o vessel_n but_o their_o best_a use_n be_v to_o make_v soft_a mattress_n upon_o which_o most_o of_o the_o people_n the_o grandee_n and_o the_o emperor_n himself_o lay_v themselves_o naked_a when_o they_o go_v to_o sleep_v very_o neat_a and_o clean_o be_v this_o furniture_n and_o withal_o very_o cool_v in_o the_o summer_n and_o though_o the_o mattress_n be_v only_o spread_v one_o the_o bare_a floor_n yet_o they_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o fit_a place_n to_o lie_v on_o have_v be_v no_o otherwise_o accustom_a the_o whole_a island_n of_o hainan_n be_v full_a of_o these_o osier_n especial_o of_o the_o best_a which_o the_o portuguese_n call_v the_o white_a rota_n of_o flower_n there_o be_v several_a rare_a and_o well_o scent_v flower_n which_o grow_v in_o these_o part_n that_o be_v unknown_a to_o those_o of_o europe_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n near_o to_o chungk_v grow_v a_o certain_a flower_n call_v meutang_n in_o high_a esteem_n among_o they_o and_o therefore_o call_v the_o king_n of_o flower_n it_o differ_v very_o little_a in_o fashion_n from_o the_o european_a rose_n but_o be_v much_o large_a and_o spread_v it_o leave_v far_a abroad_o it_o far_o surpass_v the_o rose_n in_o beauty_n but_o fall_v short_a in_o richness_n of_o scent_n it_o have_v no_o thorn_n or_o prickle_n and_o be_v general_o of_o a_o white_a colour_n mingle_v with_o a_o little_a purple_a yet_o there_o be_v some_o that_o be_v yellow_a and_o red_a this_o flower_n grow_v upon_o a_o bush_n and_o be_v careful_o cherish_v and_o plant_v in_o all_o garden_n belong_v to_o the_o grandee_n for_o one_o of_o the_o most_o choice_a flower_n in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n near_o the_o city_n tan_n be_v a_o great_a cataract_n
which_o occasion_n a_o mere_a wherein_o grow_v flower_n of_o a_o saffron_n colour_n who_o like_a be_v no_o where_o else_o to_o be_v see_v in_o all_o those_o country_n several_a of_o these_o flower_n grow_v upon_o one_o root_n be_v something_o big_a than_o the_o european_a lily_n and_o much_o handsome_a for_o fashion_n resemble_v tulip_n the_o leave_n of_o the_o stalk_n be_v large_a and_o round_o and_o drive_v upon_o the_o water_n as_o the_o leave_n of_o the_o weed_n do_v in_o europe_n which_o at_o their_o season_n they_o gather_v and_o dry_v and_o make_v they_o fit_a to_o be_v use_v by_o shopkeeper_n in_o stead_n of_o paper_n to_o put_v up_o their_o ware_n in_o there_o be_v in_o some_o place_n whole_a pool_n abound_v with_o these_o flower_n which_o to_o say_v truth_n grow_v not_o there_o natural_o but_o have_v be_v sow_v by_o one_o or_o other_o for_o that_o they_o be_v in_o great_a request_n among_o they_o but_o among_o all_o other_o the_o chinese_n rose_n must_v deserve_o take_v place_n which_o change_v colour_n every_o day_n twice_o for_o one_o time_n its_o all_o purple_a and_o another_o time_n as_o white_a as_o snow_n and_o be_v the_o scent_n thereof_o pleasant_a or_o delightful_a it_o may_v with_o merit_n challenge_v the_o world_n for_o a_o peer_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o queicheu_fw-la situate_v in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o flower_n call_v quei_z which_o although_o it_o grow_v in_o other_o part_n yet_o no_o where_o so_o plentiful_o as_o in_o this_o province_n and_o chief_o under_o the_o command_n of_o this_o city_n it_o grow_v upon_o a_o very_a high_a tree_n which_o have_v leaves_n proportion_v like_o they_o of_o a_o laurel_n or_o cinamon-tree_n but_o the_o flower_n be_v very_o small_a yellow_a of_o colour_n and_o have_v a_o fine_a smell_n after_o they_o be_v once_o in_o flower_n they_o continue_v a_o long_a time_n blow_v without_o wither_v or_o shed_v or_o fall_v from_o the_o tree_n and_o after_o they_o have_v do_v blow_v the_o tree_n shoot_v out_o again_o within_o a_o month_n and_o have_v fresh_a flower_n who_o colour_n be_v so_o fragrant_a that_o they_o perfume_v all_o those_o part_n where_o they_o grow_v the_o tartar_n infuse_v these_o flower_n in_o the_o juice_n of_o lemon_n wherewith_o they_o colour_v the_o hair_n of_o their_o horse_n but_o the_o chineses_n make_v delicate_a confect_v of_o they_o which_o be_v delicious_a to_o the_o taste_n and_o pleasant_a to_o the_o smell_n near_o to_o kinhoa_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n be_v a_o certain_a flower_n by_o the_o portuguese_a in_o india_n call_v mogorin_n it_o grow_v upon_o a_o very_a small_a tree_n be_v milkwhite_a and_o not_o unlike_a to_o the_o jessamy_a flower_n only_o it_o have_v more_o leave_n and_o exceed_v it_o far_o for_o smell_v for_o one_o flower_n be_v enough_o to_o perfume_v a_o whole_a house_n this_o flower_n be_v in_o very_o great_a esteem_n with_o they_o so_o that_o in_o cold_a wether_n they_o diligent_o house_n the_o pot_n in_o which_o they_o grow_v and_o last_o near_o the_o city_n pingyve_fw-mi in_o queicheu_o grow_v in_o great_a abundance_n the_o well_o scent_v jessamy_n of_o reed_n in_o the_o forego_n part_n of_o this_o chapter_n you_o have_v have_v some_o example_n of_o the_o variety_n of_o herb_n plant_n flower_n etc._n etc._n produce_v in_o several_a part_n of_o china_n i_o shall_v now_o say_v something_o of_o the_o different_a sort_n of_o reed_n grow_v there_o and_o first_o in_o xanhung_a near_o tengcheu_o grow_v a_o reed_n that_o be_v natural_o foursquare_a in_o huquang_n near_o the_o mountain_n grow_v a_o sort_n of_o reed_n which_o will_v last_v only_o three_o year_n but_o like_o a_o careful_a sire_n before_o it_o die_v it_o shoot_v out_o afresh_o at_o the_o root_n thus_o every_o three_o year_n renew_v by_o death_n and_o rise_v again_o in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v near_a hoaigan_n be_v a_o great_a mere_n wherein_o grow_v very_o large_a and_o high_a reed_n great_o esteem_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o quanhung_a near_o the_o city_n lochang_n upon_o the_o mountain_n change_v grow_v a_o black_a reed_n whereof_o the_o chineses_n make_v pipe_n and_o several_a other_o thing_n of_o as_o pure_a a_o black_a and_o shine_a colour_n as_o if_o they_o be_v make_v of_o ebony_n in_o the_o same_o province_n upon_o the_o mountain_n lofen_n grow_v a_o reed_n that_o exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n for_o length_n and_o thickness_n the_o stalk_n be_v at_o least_o four_o foot_n thick_a in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o the_o city_n of_o chucheu_fw-la run_v a_o rivulet_n in_o which_o grow_v several_a sort_n of_o reed_n or_o cane_n as_o hard_o as_o iron_n and_o oftentimes_o three_o handful_n thick_a and_o although_o they_o be_v hollow_a yet_o be_v they_o of_o strength_n sufficient_a to_o bear_v a_o great_a burden_n without_o break_v the_o big_a grow_v three_o or_o four_o rod_n high_a some_o have_v green_a stalk_n other_o coal-black_a they_o make_v a_o very_a pleasant_a show_n not_o only_o because_o of_o the_o flourish_a verdure_n of_o the_o leave_n for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o year_n but_o also_o because_o of_o the_o several_a colour_n produce_v by_o the_o various_a sort_n that_o grow_v altogether_o of_o these_o notwithstanding_o their_o hardness_n beforementioned_a such_o as_o be_v skilful_a artist_n and_o know_v how_o to_o split_v the_o same_o into_o very_o thin_a piece_n make_v mattress_n basket_n cane_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o thin_a and_o small_a sort_n they_o make_v pike_n and_o lance_n which_o have_v sharp_a iron_n at_o the_o end_n they_o put_v they_o likewise_o to_o several_a other_o use_n especial_o for_o the_o make_n of_o perspective-glass_n in_o regard_n they_o be_v light_n straight_o thick_a and_o firm_a the_o water_n that_o run_v from_o this_o reed_n when_o it_o be_v lay_v green_a upon_o the_o fire_n be_v find_v be_v take_v inward_o to_o be_v very_o sovereign_a to_o drive_v out_o of_o the_o body_n all_o putrified_a blood_n occasion_v by_o blow_n fall_n or_o otherwise_o the_o young_a shoot_v of_o it_o before_o they_o have_v any_o leave_n be_v boil_v with_o flesh_n like_o turnip_n and_o pickle_v in_o vinegar_n be_v keep_v all_o the_o year_n for_o sauce_n among_o these_o various_a sort_n of_o reed_n may_v be_v comprehend_v another_o kind_n that_o grow_v upon_o some_o mountain_n in_o china_n in_o great_a abundance_n and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o indian_n rotang_n but_o in_o europe_n rot_v or_o japan_n cane_n and_o though_o these_o cane_n be_v use_v in_o europe_n to_o walk_v with_o yet_o the_o young_a branch_n thereof_o be_v full_a of_o juice_n be_v eat_v raw_a by_o the_o chinese_n when_o these_o cane_n be_v dry_v and_o strike_v one_o against_o another_o there_o will_v fly_v spark_n of_o fire_n from_o they_o as_o from_o a_o flint_n and_o as_o such_o they_o be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o some_o place_n of_o the_o indies_n this_o sort_n of_o reed_n be_v very_o tough_a and_o be_v green_a be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o stead_n of_o cord_n to_o tie_v or_o bind_v any_o thing_n withal_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o java_n japan_n and_o other_o islander_n make_v therewith_o cable_n for_o anchor_n which_o will_v last_v long_o in_o salt_n water_n than_o rope_n make_v of_o hemp_n and_o when_o any_o merchant_n ship_n trading_n thither_o from_o europe_n need_v any_o they_o make_v use_v of_o these_o they_o be_v strong_a enough_o to_o hold_v the_o weighty_a anchor_n the_o fruit_n of_o this_o rot_v or_o cane_n be_v eatable_a and_o pleasant_a to_o the_o palate_n in_o form_n somewhat_o round_o about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o ball_n have_v a_o shell_n like_o a_o chestnut_n hard_a but_o brittle_a upon_o every_o joint_n from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o top_n sprout_n out_o a_o small_a branch_n in_o stead_n of_o leave_n upon_o which_o hang_v the_o fruit_n in_o cluster_n within_o the_o body_n of_o this_o fruit_n be_v a_o white_a kernel_n from_o which_o they_o extract_v a_o oil_n not_o only_o good_a to_o eat_v but_o very_o sovereign_a in_o the_o cure_n of_o wound_n if_o dress_v therewith_o so_o that_o the_o indian_a slave_n if_o they_o receive_v hurt_v at_o any_o time_n from_o these_o rotting_n or_o cane_n wherewith_o they_o be_v wont_n to_o be_v correct_v they_o forthwith_o make_v use_n of_o this_o oil_n beside_o these_o beforementioned_a there_o be_v find_v as_o well_o in_o china_n as_o divers_a other_o part_n of_o the_o indies_n two_o other_o different_a sort_n which_o be_v by_o the_o indian_n call_v bamboes_n the_o small_a of_o these_o be_v very_o full_a of_o pith_n but_o the_o other_o do_v so_o far_o exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n for_o bigness_n that_o i_o do_v not_o wonder_v in_o the_o least_o if_o some_o writer_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a have_v sometime_o call_v it_o a_o tree_n this_o kind_n call_v
bamboes_n grow_v in_o morish_n or_o fenny_a ground_n and_o be_v very_o straight_o but_o in_o its_o growth_n they_o bend_v it_o on_o purpose_n to_o prepare_v it_o for_o their_o use_n which_o ss_z to_o make_v chair_n of_o such_o as_o they_o be_v carry_v in_o of_o the_o body_n of_o this_o tree_n the_o chineses_n sometime_o make_v their_o wherry_n in_o which_o they_o row_v with_o great_a swiftness_n upon_o the_o river_n the_o leave_v hereof_o be_v somewhat_o like_o those_o of_o the_o olive-tree_n of_o tree_n this_o empire_n do_v also_o very_o much_o abound_v with_o tree_n not_o only_o such_o as_o grow_v in_o europe_n but_o several_a other_o of_o a_o more_o strange_a nature_n not_o know_v in_o these_o part_n of_o the_o world_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n in_o the_o small_a city_n of_o kien_n stand_v a_o certain_a idol-temple_n wherein_o be_v a_o tree_n call_v cieennien_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o tree_n of_o of_o a_o thousand_o year_n which_o be_v so_o prodigious_o large_a that_o two_o hundred_o sheep_n may_v stand_v in_o covert_n under_o one_o branch_n of_o it_o without_o be_v see_v though_o you_o come_v very_o near_o to_o it_o in_o the_o same_o province_n likewise_o grow_v a_o sort_n of_o bean_n upon_o a_o tree_n which_o be_v so_o exceed_o hard_a that_o the_o people_n by_o reason_n thereof_o have_v give_v they_o the_o name_n of_o stone-bean_n in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n grow_v a_o tree_n name_v the_o tree_n of_o sleep_n for_o that_o as_o some_o report_n a_o branch_n of_o this_o tree_n apply_v to_o any_o part_n of_o the_o body_n cause_v a_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a sleep_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o to_o the_o small_a city_n singhiang_n grow_v such_o extraordinary_a large_a tree_n that_o fourscore_o man_n be_v not_o able_a to_o fathom_v they_o about_o nay_o further_o there_o be_v some_o of_o those_o tree_n ni_fw-fr fallit_fw-la fama_fw-la of_o that_o vast_a bigness_n that_o one_o branch_n will_v cover_v at_o least_o forty_o men._n in_o the_o province_n of_o macao_n be_v a_o tree_n by_o the_o portuguese_n call_v the_o iron-tree_n in_o regard_n the_o wood_n thereof_o both_o for_o colour_n heaviness_n and_o hardness_n resemble_v iron_n and_o sink_v immediate_o when_o put_v into_o the_o water_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n near_o chaok_v grow_v great_a store_n of_o sweet_a and_o well-scented_n wood_n whereof_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v table_n chair_n chest_n and_o the_o like_a in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n the_o inhabitant_n make_v linen_n cloth_n of_o the_o leave_n of_o tree_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n be_v several_a wood_n consist_v of_o mulberry-tree_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n cut_v every_o year_n that_o so_o they_o may_v not_o grow_v up_o to_o any_o largeness_n for_o they_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o leave_n of_o the_o low_a tree_n make_v the_o best_a silk_n so_o that_o by_o this_o only_a mean_n all_o that_o keep_v silkworm_n know_v very_o well_o how_o to_o distinguish_v the_o first_o spin_v of_o the_o silk_n from_o the_o second_o because_o the_o first_o be_v the_o product_n of_o the_o soft_a and_o tender_a leave_n which_o shoot_v forth_o in_o the_o spring_n and_o be_v then_o eat_v by_o the_o worm_n but_o the_o hard_a and_o sour_a summer-leaves_a make_v the_o second_o spin_v which_o alteration_n of_o food_n do_v occasion_n so_o great_a a_o difference_n in_o the_o work_n of_o these_o small_a creature_n and_o such_o be_v the_o infinite_a abundance_n of_o silk_n in_o this_o province_n that_o ten_o suit_n of_o silk_n may_v there_o be_v buy_v cheap_a than_o you_o can_v buy_v one_o of_o cloth_n here_o in_o europe_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n near_o the_o city_n cincheu_o be_v great_a store_n of_o cinamon-tree_n which_o differ_v only_o in_o this_o from_o that_o of_o ceylon_n in_o that_o it_o be_v strong_a of_o scent_n and_o hot_a upon_o the_o tongue_n the_o tree_n upon_o which_o it_o grow_v be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o orange-tree_n and_o have_v many_o long_a thick_a and_o straight_a branch_n who_o leave_n have_v some_o similitude_n with_o those_o of_o the_o laurel_n it_o bear_v a_o snow-white_a and_o well-scented_n flower_n from_o whence_o be_v produce_v a_o smart_a sort_n of_o fruit_n which_o be_v neglect_v by_o the_o people_n be_v eat_v up_o by_o the_o bird_n and_o monkey_n from_o this_o fruit_n drop_v a_o juice_n which_o have_v the_o taste_n of_o cinnamon_n but_o not_o so_o strong_a the_o wood_n of_o the_o tree_n have_v neither_o smell_n nor_o taste_v insomuch_o that_o nature_n seem_v to_o have_v deprive_v all_o the_o part_n of_o this_o tree_n of_o its_o virtue_n and_o only_o bestow_v it_o upon_o its_o bark_n to_o raise_v it_o to_o the_o high_a esteem_n and_o draw_v from_o thence_o the_o great_a advantage_n this_o tree_n as_o all_o other_o have_v a_o double_a bark_n the_o first_o be_v a_o very_a pleasant_a kind_n and_o so_o thin_a that_o it_o can_v be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o other_o but_o by_o its_o greenness_n for_o afterward_o when_o it_o be_v dry_a it_o stick_v so_o fast_o to_o the_o innermost_a bark_n that_o it_o can_v neither_o be_v see_v nor_o taste_v nor_o peel_a off_o the_o green_a inward_a bark_n when_o this_o outward_a rind_n be_v take_v off_o be_v slippery_a and_o smooth_a be_v thus_o peel_a off_o and_o cleanse_v it_o be_v cut_v into_o foursquare_a piece_n and_o lay_v a_o dry_n in_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v afterward_o roll_v up_o and_o put_v into_o barrel_n and_o so_o transport_v into_o europe_n in_o the_o same_o form_n as_o we_o have_v it_o and_o see_v it_o sell_v in_o all_o part_n after_o the_o bark_n be_v peel_a off_o the_o tree_n will_v stand_v two_o or_o three_o year_n naked_a without_o get_v a_o new_a bark_n but_o after_o that_o time_n the_o bark_n will_v re-increase_a and_o become_v fit_a to_o be_v new_a peel_a the_o inhabitant_n say_v that_o the_o root_n of_o this_o tree_n produce_v a_o sap_n not_o unlike_a to_o camphire_n the_o chineses_n and_o likewise_o those_o of_o the_o island_n of_o ceylon_n distil_v from_o the_o green_a bark_n and_o the_o fresh_a flower_n almost_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o those_o of_o europe_n make_v cinamon-water_n a_o certain_a liquor_n which_o they_o apply_v to_o several_a uses_n in_o the_o island_n of_o ceylon_n these_o cinamon-tree_n grow_v in_o such_o abundance_n that_o they_o supply_v all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n with_o their_o bark_n and_o will_v produce_v more_o than_o can_v be_v spend_v if_o the_o islander_n do_v not_o sometime_o burn_v whole_a wood_n but_o this_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o as_o this_o island_n be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o the_o product_n of_o cinnamon_n so_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n neither_o clove_n nor_o nutmeg-tree_n will_v grow_v upon_o it_o in_o some_o few_o place_n of_o china_n there_o grow_v clove_n pepper_n and_o nutmeg_n but_o in_o small_a quantity_n so_o that_o most_o of_o those_o spice_n be_v common_o bring_v from_o other_o place_n now_o in_o regard_n it_o will_v not_o be_v unpleasant_a to_o the_o reader_n to_o peruse_v the_o nature_n of_o these_o tree_n and_o fruit_n i_o shall_v declare_v in_o a_o few_o word_n what_o i_o have_v observe_v concern_v they_o whereof_o no_o mention_n have_v be_v make_v by_o any_o other_o former_a writer_n the_o tree_n upon_o which_o the_o clove_n grow_v be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o ordinary_a pear-tree_n and_o grow_v after_o the_o same_o form_n the_o leave_n hang_v upon_o long_a stalk_n and_o grow_v sometime_o single_a and_o sometime_o in_o cluster_n it_o have_v several_a great_a and_o lesser_a branch_n each_o whereof_o end_n in_o very_o thin_a shoot_v upon_o who_o top_n grow_v small_a stalk_n where_o sit_v the_o clove_n in_o cluster_n within_o the_o head_n of_o the_o clove_n grow_v also_o a_o flower_n which_o yield_v a_o very_a pleasant_a scent_n as_o well_o as_o the_o fruit_n but_o be_v much_o more_o fragrant_a in_o dry_a wether_n than_o in_o wet_a upon_o which_o also_o depend_v the_o fruitfulness_n or_o unfruitfulness_n of_o it_o for_o in_o a_o dry_a year_n there_o be_v more_o fruit_n than_o leave_v upon_o the_o tree_n but_o although_o extraordinary_a heat_n be_v the_o most_o seasonable_a wether_n for_o these_o tree_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o always_o yield_v a_o like_a plentiful_a harvest_n for_o about_o the_o second_o or_o three_o and_o sometime_o about_o the_o seven_o year_n the_o crop_n be_v much_o worse_o the_o clove_n be_v first_o read_v of_o colour_n but_o afterward_o turn_v black_a and_o be_v gather_v in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n october_n and_o november_n either_o with_o the_o hand_n or_o else_o beat_v off_o with_o a_o long_a reed_n such_o as_o be_v leave_v upon_o the_o tree_n grow_v much_o big_a than_o those_o that_o be_v gather_v and_o fall_v off_o of_o themselves_o the_o next_o year_n which_o though_o
without_o by_o mean_n whereof_o there_o be_v such_o great_a and_o swarm_a herd_n continual_o keep_v in_o the_o street_n that_o they_o be_v hardly_o passable_a yet_o they_o be_v always_o keep_v very_o clean_o great_a number_n of_o people_n be_v continual_o employ_v in_o take_v away_o the_o filth_n in_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n there_o be_v some_o cat_n with_o very_a long_a hair_n as_o white_a as_o milk_n and_o have_v long_a ear_n like_o a_o spaniel_n the_o gentlewoman_n keep_v they_o for_o their_o pleasure_n for_o they_o will_v not_o hunt_v after_o or_o catch_v mouse_n the_o reason_n perhaps_o be_v for_o that_o they_o be_v too_o high_a feed_v yet_o they_o have_v store_n of_o other_o cat_n which_o be_v good_a mouser_n in_o the_o province_n of_o junnan_n and_o suchue_n be_v the_o best_a horse_n and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la upon_o the_o mountain_n holan_n three_o hundred_o mile_n large_a be_v many_o wild_a horse_n their_o horse_n be_v general_o but_o of_o a_o mean_a stature_n yet_o well_o set_v broad_a buttocked_a and_o strong_a for_o service_n near_o sve_v be_v yellow_a mouse_n very_o large_a who_o skin_n be_v in_o much_o request_n among_o the_o people_n in_o all_o part_n of_o china_n especial_o in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n be_v abundance_n of_o stag_n buck_n hare_n etc._n etc._n in_o xantung_n be_v many_o ravenous_a wolf_n and_o in_o xensi_fw-la abundance_n of_o bear_n the_o fore-feet_n whereof_o be_v hold_v in_o great_a esteem_n by_o the_o native_n near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n linyao_n lie_v some_o mountain_n upon_o which_o be_v breed_v wild_a ox_n and_o creature_n like_o tiger_n with_o who_o skin_n the_o inhabitant_n make_v their_o clothes_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n near_o the_o city_n po_n be_v a_o creature_n call_v the_o rhinoceros_n it_o be_v of_o a_o swart_a hue_n like_o the_o elephant_n the_o skin_n be_v full_a of_o wrinkle_n and_o so_o hard_o withal_o that_o it_o can_v scarce_o be_v pierce_v with_o a_o sword_n it_o have_v a_o snout_n like_o a_o hog_n but_o sharp_a and_o above_o the_o nostril_n stand_v the_o horn_n which_o be_v general_o black_a now_o and_o then_o there_o be_v one_o white_a but_o very_o seldom_o and_o that_o be_v sell_v much_o dear_a than_o the_o other_o and_o indeed_o one_o be_v large_a than_o the_o other_o according_a to_o the_o age_n of_o the_o beast_n there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o tiger_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n mischievous_a and_o fierce_a according_a to_o their_o nature_n but_o upon_o the_o mountain_n kutien_n be_v some_o that_o will_v not_o hurt_v a_o man._n in_o several_a part_n of_o china_n also_o be_v elephant_n breed_v but_o the_o best_a be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v and_o junnan_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v a_o few_o word_n concern_v they_o so_o much_o have_v be_v already_o say_v by_o several_a author_n their_o bigness_n be_v various_a at_o constantinople_n be_v one_o see_v which_o from_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o furthermost_a part_n of_o the_o back_n be_v eleven_o foot_n and_o from_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o end_n of_o his_o snout_n eight_o foot_n long_o in_o height_n some_o be_v twelve_o other_o thirteen_o and_o fourteen_o foot_n they_o be_v general_o black_a but_o some_o chinese_n writer_n affirm_v that_o the_o king_n of_o nazaringa_n have_v a_o white_a one_o their_o skin_n be_v like_a network_n but_o so_o extraordinary_a hard_a that_o it_o will_v turn_v the_o edge_n of_o a_o sword_n yet_o it_o be_v hard_a upon_o the_o back_n than_o the_o belly_n for_o the_o chew_v of_o their_o meat_n they_o have_v four_o tooth_n within_o beside_o those_o that_o stick_v out_o before_o which_o stand_v crooked_a in_o the_o male_a and_o downright_o in_o the_o female_a the_o nether_a jawbone_n be_v only_o move_v in_o chew_v the_o upper_a always_o rest_v in_o that_o part_n where_o the_o nose_n be_v place_v in_o other_o creature_n the_o elephant_n have_v a_o long_a trunk_n or_o snout_n which_o reach_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o have_v a_o slit_v at_o the_o end_n this_o be_v both_o pliable_a and_o slippery_a which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o in_o stead_n of_o a_o hand_n for_o they_o can_v take_v up_o any_o thing_n with_o it_o either_o moist_a or_o dry_a and_o put_v it_o into_o their_o mouth_n in_o the_o province_n of_o junnan_n the_o hill_n nalo_n be_v full_a of_o wild_a tiger_n and_o leopard_n and_o so_o also_o be_v the_o mountain_n xepao_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n they_o be_v much_o fierce_a than_o lion_n and_o very_o hot_a and_o eager_a in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o man_n woman_n and_o child_n but_o nature_n have_v in_o some_o sort_n provide_v a_o mean_n whereby_o to_o avoid_v the_o cruelty_n of_o this_o beast_n for_o it_o be_v always_o accompany_v with_o a_o small_a creature_n which_o with_o continual_a barking_n give_v notice_n of_o its_o come_n upon_o which_o noise_n every_o live_a thing_n endeavour_v to_o get_v out_o of_o the_o way_n by_o flight_n or_o otherwise_o the_o people_n of_o bengala_n stand_v in_o very_o great_a dread_n of_o this_o beast_n the_o tiger_n and_o rhinoceros_n as_o bontius_n write_v be_v great_a friend_n to_o one_o another_o converse_v much_o together_o the_o reason_n whereof_o the_o islander_n of_o japan_n tell_v i_o be_v as_o they_o suppose_v and_o which_o be_v not_o improbable_a because_o the_o tiger_n be_v altogether_o a_o devourer_n of_o flesh_n which_o must_v of_o necessity_n occasion_n a_o weak_a stomach_n whereas_o the_o rhinoceros_n feed_v only_o upon_o green_n therefore_o the_o tiger_n follow_v he_o for_o his_o dung_n sake_n which_o he_o eat_v for_o a_o cure_n when_o he_o be_v out_o of_o order_n as_o the_o dog_n grass_n and_o the_o cat_n nip_v or_o cats-mint_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n be_v very_o large_a hog_n with_o great_a and_o strong_a bristle_n of_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a long_o which_o by_o a_o particular_a and_o strange_a motion_n of_o the_o body_n they_o know_v how_o to_o dart_v towards_o any_o one_o and_o that_o not_o without_o great_a prejudice_n of_o those_o they_o hit_v in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la be_v find_v the_o creature_n call_v xee_v from_o who_o proceed_v the_o musk_n and_o which_o be_v very_o strange_a if_o at_o any_o time_n it_o be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o lu._n into_o the_o adjacent_a kingdom_n of_o laos_n it_o die_v immediate_o as_o a_o fish_n out_o of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o gannan_n be_v a_o certain_a creature_n call_v tese_n which_o in_o shape_n come_v very_o near_o to_o a_o man_n have_v long_a arm_n he_o be_v black_a and_o hairy_a upon_o the_o body_n swift_a of_o foot_n and_o laugh_v aloud_o like_o a_o man_n but_o be_v of_o so_o voracious_a a_o nature_n that_o whosoever_o he_o meet_v with_o he_o instant_o devour_v in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n lie_v a_o mountain_n call_v toyung_a upon_o which_o be_v monkey_n or_o baboon_n which_o for_o bigness_n and_o shape_n be_v very_o like_o a_o man._n these_o creature_n be_v more_o than_o ordinary_o addict_v to_o venery_n so_o that_o they_o often_o attempt_v to_o surprise_v woman_n on_o purpose_n to_o satisfy_v their_o beastial_a lust_n and_o have_v their_o will_n on_o they_o the_o indian_n call_v they_o wild_a man_n and_o the_o indian_a woman_n be_v in_o such_o fear_n of_o they_o that_o they_o dare_v not_o come_v near_o those_o wood_n where_o they_o frequent_a of_o fowl_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n be_v hen_n and_o fat_a capon_n to_o be_v have_v very_o cheap_a as_o also_o great_a abundance_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o fowl_n as_o pheasant_n partridge_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la about_o mincheu_o be_v cock_n and_o hen_n have_v wool_n upon_o they_o in_o stead_n of_o feather_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n be_v a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o duck_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n take_v great_a delight_n to_o breed_v and_o increase_v they_o never_o suffer_v the_o duck_n to_o sit_v upon_o her_o egg_n to_o hatch_v they_o but_o put_v they_o into_o a_o oven_n moderate_o heat_v or_o else_o bury_v they_o in_o a_o dunghill_n and_o so_o hatch_v the_o young_a one_o in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n near_o to_o the_o city_n hanyang_n may_v be_v catch_v great_a store_n of_o goose_n there_o be_v several_a other_o sort_n of_o fowl_n and_o bird_n in_o other_o province_n whereof_o we_o have_v already_o make_v mention_n in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o the_o description_n of_o china_n of_o fish_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n the_o pool_n and_o river_n do_v so_o abound_v with_o fish_n that_o for_o the_o value_n of_o a_o penny_n you_o may_v buy_v ten_o pound_v weight_n thereof_o in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n be_v a_o great_a abundance_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o fish_n especial_o of_o salmon_n and_o the_o like_a in_o the_o
suffer_v to_o pass_v by_o they_o unregarded_a in_o the_o day_n this_o creature_n live_v upon_o the_o land_n and_o in_o the_o night_n in_o the_o water_n when_o it_o be_v gorge_v with_o eat_v and_o be_v fall_v asleep_a with_o his_o mouth_n full_a of_o meat_n a_o small_a bird_n call_v trochicus_fw-la and_o in_o italian_a the_o king_n of_o bird_n come_v to_o he_o as_o he_o lie_v with_o his_o mouth_n open_a and_o cleanse_v his_o tooth_n with_o pick_v and_o scrape_v wherewith_o the_o crocodile_n be_v so_o high_o please_v that_o he_o open_v his_o throat_n as_o wide_a as_o be_v possible_a that_o so_o the_o bird_n may_v scour_v the_o same_o for_o which_o kindness_n it_o bear_v it_o much_o friendship_n the_o chineses_n eat_v the_o flesh_n thereof_o with_o great_a delight_n it_o be_v report_v that_o termus_n king_n of_o egypt_n swim_v among_o they_o stark_o naked_a have_v his_o body_n only_o anoint_v with_o the_o grease_n of_o they_o in_o the_o river_n chaok_v be_v a_o fish_n call_v the_o swim_v cow_n which_o come_v often_o out_o of_o the_o water_n and_o fight_v at_o land_n with_o the_o tame_a cow_n to_o their_o great_a hazard_n till_o its_o horn_n grow_v weak_a by_o stay_v out_o of_o the_o water_n which_o may_v be_v discern_v by_o their_o turn_n yellow_a then_o with_o all_o speed_n it_o return_v into_o the_o water_n where_o the_o horn_n grow_v hard_a again_o near_o to_o caocheu_fw-la there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v a_o strange_a kind_n of_o creature_n in_o the_o sea_n have_v a_o head_n like_o a_o bird_n and_o a_o tail_n like_o a_o fish_n in_o its_o belly_n be_v find_v some_o precious_a stone_n between_o this_o city_n and_o the_o island_n hainan_n be_v take_v a_o sort_n of_o crab_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v out_o of_o the_o water_n become_v petrify_v and_o immediate_o turn_v into_o stone_n the_o portuguese_n and_o chineses_n make_v great_a use_n of_o they_o for_o the_o cure_n of_o ague_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n near_o the_o city_n of_o chunk_v be_v great_a store_n of_o land-tortoise_n of_o several_a size_n some_o very_a large_a and_o other_o very_o small_a which_o the_o inhabitant_n keep_v in_o their_o house_n for_o their_o pleasure_n but_o in_o quantung_n near_o to_o hoeicheu_o there_o be_v catch_v in_o the_o sea_n such_o very_a large_a tortoise_n that_o they_o look_v like_o little_a rock_n at_o a_o distance_n the_o land_n as_o well_o as_o the_o sea-tortoise_n engender_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o adder-snake_n the_o male_a get_n upon_o the_o female_a they_o lay_v egg_n like_o hen_n egg_n but_o lesser_a and_o more_o oval_a it_o be_v say_v of_o they_o that_o they_o live_v under_o ground_n in_o the_o winter_n without_o eat_v they_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o eagle_n which_o make_v a_o prey_n of_o they_o take_v they_o up_o and_o let_v they_o fall_v till_o they_o break_v they_o make_v but_o little_a noise_n yet_o loud_o than_o the_o snake_n whether_o they_o be_v to_o be_v reckon_v among_o flesh_n or_o fish_n be_v still_o to_o be_v determine_v some_o account_v they_o among_o fish_n and_o eat_v they_o in_o lent_n other_o think_v the_o contrary_a because_o they_o have_v foot_n and_o draw_v breath_n the_o land-tortoise_n shell_n be_v very_o hard_a and_o like_o ebony_n nor_o will_v they_o bend_v like_o those_o of_o the_o sea_n but_o they_o be_v full_a of_o knob_n upon_o the_o top_n and_o most_o of_o they_o of_o fine_a colour_n yellow_a and_o brown_a as_o if_o they_o be_v paint_v with_o cross_n star_n and_o other_o figure_n they_o thrust_v out_o their_o head_n and_o foot_n which_o when_o they_o draw_v in_o as_o they_o can_v at_o pleasure_n they_o seem_v to_o be_v immovable_a they_o differ_v very_o much_o in_o bigness_n some_o be_v no_o big_a than_o a_o man_n fist._n in_o virginia_n be_v tortoise_n of_o three_o and_o four_o foot_n long_o with_o two_o head_n which_o be_v very_o malicious_a and_o give_v to_o bite_a in_o the_o island_n mauritius_n be_v some_o tortoise_n so_o large_a that_o they_o will_v carry_v four_o or_o five_o man_n stand_v upon_o they_o their_o shell_n be_v of_o so_o capacious_a a_o extent_n that_o ten_o person_n may_v sit_v in_o one_o of_o they_o but_o the_o sea-tortoise_n be_v much_o large_a than_o those_o of_o the_o land_n john_n de_fw-mi lery_z writes_z that_o there_o be_v one_o take_v by_o their_o fleet_n which_o give_v eighty_o person_n their_o belly_n full_a their_o shell_n be_v much_o smooth_a and_o flatter_v than_o the_o other_o and_o very_o curious_o wrinkle_v in_o hot_a water_n they_o will_v bend_v into_o any_o shape_n which_o the_o other_o can_v do_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o hardness_n so_o that_o artificer_n make_v comb_n and_o box_n of_o they_o in_o stead_n of_o foot_n they_o have_v fin_n wherewith_o they_o swim_v as_o other_o fish_n but_o they_o lie_v much_o upon_o their_o back_n and_o swim_v sleep_v upon_o the_o water_n the_o flesh_n of_o this_o creature_n be_v luscious_a and_o taste_v like_o veal_n be_v interlard_v with_o yellowish_a fat_n the_o female_a lay_v her_o egg_n by_o night_n and_o bury_v they_o in_o the_o sand_n which_o be_v hatch_v in_o six_o week_n by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n chap._n xvii_o of_o some_o thing_n more_o than_o natural_a and_o strange_a pool_n in_o the_o last_o seven_o chapter_n i_o speak_v of_o great_a and_o admirable_a thing_n yet_o such_o as_o be_v not_o beyond_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n but_o in_o this_o i_o shall_v treat_v of_o some_o more_o wonderful_a which_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v credit_v though_o the_o chineses_n do_v firm_o believe_v the_o same_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la near_o the_o city_n vucung_n be_v a_o hill_n call_v taipe_a whereupon_o if_o a_o drum_n be_v beat_v present_o follow_v thunder_n lightning_n and_o stormy_a wether_n insomuch_o that_o the_o magistrate_n have_v forbid_v all_o person_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n to_o beat_v any_o drum_n there_o the_o river_n tan_n have_v red_a fish_n with_o who_o blood_n as_o the_o chineses_n write_v and_o fancy_n whosoever_o anoint_v their_o foot_n they_o may_v wade_v over_o this_o river_n without_o sink_v add_v further_o that_o if_o the_o water_n of_o this_o river_n be_v but_o stir_v all_o the_o fish_n present_o rise_v and_o swim_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n and_o make_v it_o look_v as_o red_a as_o fire_n from_o whence_o in_o probability_n it_o have_v its_o name_n for_o tan_n signify_v red._n in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n near_o the_o city_n nivyang_n be_v a_o spring_n in_o high_a esteem_n among_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o they_o very_o believe_v that_o whosoever_o drink_v of_o 〈◊〉_d it_o make_v they_o long-lived_a in_o suchue_n near_o the_o city_n chingtu_fw-fr be_v the_o most_o large_a and_o extensive_a mountain_n chingch_v upon_o which_o according_a to_o the_o vain_a belief_n of_o the_o chinese_n the_o immortal_a man_n meet_v to_o converse_v in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n upon_o mountain_n of_o a_o incredible_a height_n and_o bigness_n inhabit_v none_o but_o wild_a and_o uncivilise_v people_n near_o to_o liencheng_v a_o city_n of_o quantung_n lie_v a_o great_a hill_n call_v uhoang_v where_o grow_v a_o sort_n of_o fruit_n who_o like_a be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v any_o where_o else_o for_o you_o may_v eat_v as_o much_o as_o you_o please_v but_o you_o must_v carry_v none_o away_o and_o while_o you_o endeavour_v so_o to_o do_v you_o can_v never_o find_v the_o way_n down_o in_o the_o province_n of_o junnan_n near_o the_o city_n chinkiang_n be_v to_o this_o day_n a_o great_a stone_n to_o be_v see_v where_o simulo_fw-la who_o possess_v the_o kingdom_n of_o mung_n give_v audience_n to_o the_o ambassador_n of_o another_o king_n who_o upon_o the_o delivery_n of_o their_o message_n not_o satisfy_v he_o he_o arise_v in_o anger_n and_o take_v his_o sword_n naked_a into_o his_o hand_n strike_v with_o it_o so_o violent_o upon_o the_o stone_n that_o the_o blow_v pierce_v above_o three_o foot_n into_o it_o and_o with_o threaten_a word_n say_v to_o the_o ambassador_n go_v and_o acquaint_v your_o king_n what_o sword_n i_o have_v this_o happen_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o iliaouvus_fw-la the_o founder_n of_o the_o race_n of_o hana_n which_o incorporate_v the_o powerful_a kingdom_n of_o mung_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n near_o the_o city_n munghoa_n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n lie_v the_o mountain_n funghoang_v which_o took_v its_o name_n from_o the_o phoenix_n because_o it_o die_v upon_o the_o same_o after_o it_o have_v sing_v there_o a_o while_n most_o delicious_o the_o chineses_n relate_v that_o there_o be_v a_o general_a assembly_n of_o bird_n once_o every_o year_n upon_o this_o mountain_n to_o lament_v the_o death_n of_o the_o say_a phoenix_n of_o which_o time_n the_o inhabitant_n take_v notice_n climb_v up_o by_o
before_o hint_v for_o above_o seventy_o three_o year_n with_o so_o great_a animosity_n that_o at_o last_o in_o the_o year_n 1278._o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v subdue_v by_o they_o the_o tartar_n after_o this_o so_o total_a a_o conquest_n settle_v a_o new_a lineage_n of_o their_o own_o country_n in_o the_o throne_n call_v ivena_n who_o offspring_n for_o nine_o generation_n bring_v forth_o successive_a emperor_n who_o govern_v the_o empire_n peaceable_o one_o after_o another_o the_o tartar_n have_v thus_o long_o peaceable_o enjoy_v the_o whole_a grow_v at_o last_o to_o degenerate_v through_o the_o pleasure_n and_o plenty_n which_o they_o find_v there_o so_o that_o by_o degree_n they_o forget_v themselves_o and_o pedetentim_fw-la inch_n by_o inch_n as_o it_o be_v enure_v themselves_o to_o the_o chinese_n custom_n and_o manner_n neglect_v their_o place_n of_o strength_n and_o force_n till_o at_o last_o in_o stead_n of_o warlike_a soldier_n they_o be_v grow_v effeminate_a chineses_n and_o though_o these_o tartar_a prince_n do_v govern_v with_o great_a care_n and_o prudence_n yet_o the_o chineses_n can_v not_o forget_v the_o great_a and_o horrible_a slaughter_v of_o their_o ancestor_n who_o bleed_a carcase_n lie_v as_o it_o be_v before_o their_o eye_n excite_v they_o to_o revenge_n and_o be_v likewise_o inward_o stimulate_v with_o a_o desire_n of_o liberty_n they_o have_v now_o already_o get_v the_o same_o in_o their_o thought_n which_o be_v yet_o far_o off_o and_o with_o great_a hazard_n to_o be_v seek_v for_o although_o the_o people_n be_v every_o where_o ready_a to_o revolt_v and_o shake_v off_o the_o tartar_n yoke_n yet_o there_o be_v not_o one_o of_o the_o grandee_n or_o man_n of_o eminency_n dare_v lead_v the_o dance_n or_o break_v the_o ice_n but_o what_o providence_n ordain_v to_o be_v do_v shall_v never_o want_v mean_n to_o be_v effect_v as_o will_v plain_o appear_v by_o the_o sequel_n for_o while_o the_o great_a one_o dare_v not_o and_o the_o commons_o with_o a_o leader_n can_v not_o do_v aught_o at_o last_o a_o poor_a despicable_a fellow_n appear_v who_o name_n be_v chu_n and_o the_o servant_n of_o a_o priest_n this_o chu_n who_o take_v compassion_n of_o the_o miserable_a state_n of_o his_o oppress_a countryman_n and_o a_o displeasure_n in_o his_o own_o despicable_a fortune_n be_v of_o a_o high_a lofty_a and_o ambitious_a spirit_n leave_v his_o cloister_n and_o cell_n in_o which_o he_o have_v live_v for_o some_o year_n upon_o a_o high_a mountain_n and_o betake_v himself_o to_o a_o secular_a life_n among_o robber_n and_o highwayman_n among_o who_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o become_v the_o vile_a and_o most_o wicked_a not_o fear_v to_o act_v what_o some_o spirit_n will_v tremble_v at_o the_o thought_n of_o so_o that_o for_o his_o great_a courage_n and_o boldness_n they_o begin_v to_o look_v upon_o he_o as_o the_o person_n that_o shall_v deliver_v their_o oppress_a country_n this_o imagination_n of_o his_o associate_n elevate_a his_o valou_n and_o be_v withal_o of_o a_o fluent_a and_o voluble_a tongue_n very_o quick_a of_o apprehension_n and_o of_o great_a understanding_n he_o never_o fail_v of_o courage_n conduct_v nor_o success_n so_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o grow_v so_o considerable_a in_o power_n and_o credit_n among_o the_o rabble_n that_o choose_v he_o their_o leader_n he_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v some_o thousand_o into_o the_o field_n be_v get_v thus_o into_o a_o posture_n not_o only_o to_o defend_v himself_o but_o to_o offend_v his_o enemy_n he_o resolve_v to_o show_v himself_o in_o the_o field_n for_o the_o deliverance_n of_o his_o country_n from_o the_o tartar_n vassalage_n under_o which_o they_o groan_v and_o thereupon_o begin_v to_o forsake_v his_o holes_n and_o fastness_n upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o to_o appear_v with_o his_o army_n upon_o the_o plain_a the_o fame_n whereof_o once_o noise_v make_v his_o force_n increase_v daily_o in_o number_n among_o who_o with_o his_o good_a conduct_n and_o courage_n he_o so_o prevail_v that_o he_o win_v their_o heart_n so_o that_o they_o think_v nothing_o too_o much_o to_o do_v for_o he_o and_o to_o show_v as_o well_o his_o providence_n as_o valour_n he_o cause_v the_o hill_n and_o mountain_n to_o be_v plough_v and_o manure_v to_o keep_v himself_o and_o his_o army_n from_o starve_v in_o case_n he_o shall_v be_v overpower_v by_o his_o enemy_n and_o force_v to_o retreat_v thither_o again_o chu_n at_o last_o encourage_v by_o these_o fortunate_a beginning_n draw_v his_o army_n together_o make_v towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v they_o who_o not_o expect_v such_o a_o onset_n be_v soon_o beat_v and_o afterward_o overcome_v in_o several_a fight_v in_o which_o he_o be_v still_o victorious_a yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o soldier_n fury_n and_o rage_n of_o war_n he_o still_o spare_v the_o native_a chineses_n promise_v to_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o liberty_n if_o they_o will_v forsake_v the_o tartar_n and_o adhere_v to_o hun_n by_o these_o mean_n and_o his_o continual_a spy_n which_o he_o have_v every_o where_o to_o give_v he_o intelligence_n he_o discover_v the_o design_n of_o the_o destroyer_n of_o his_o country_n who_o he_o so_o close_o pursue_v that_o they_o be_v at_o last_o force_v to_o quit_v the_o country_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n which_o redemption_n be_v effect_v in_o the_o year_n 1368._o when_o now_o chu_n from_o a_o mean_a servant_n have_v thus_o raise_v himself_o by_o drive_v those_o insult_a tartar_n out_o of_o the_o empire_n he_o erect_v in_o that_o year_n a_o new_a race_n which_o he_o call_v taicinga_n and_o change_v his_o own_o name_n according_a to_o custom_n he_o call_v himself_o hunguvus_n that_o be_v a_o great_a warrior_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o settle_v in_o the_o throne_n but_o the_o people_n out_o of_o all_o the_o province_n come_v to_o acknowledge_v and_o salute_v this_o their_o deliverer_n the_o whole_a country_n be_v overjoy_v that_o they_o have_v once_o again_o get_v one_o of_o their_o own_o native_n though_o of_o mean_a extraction_n to_o be_v their_o head_n and_o governor_n for_o it_o be_v the_o natural_a temper_n of_o that_o people_n to_o hate_v and_o vilify_v all_o foreigner_n but_o high_o to_o esteem_v of_o their_o own_o countryman_n humble_o request_v of_o he_o that_o he_o will_v take_v care_n as_o a_o native_a of_o china_n with_o such_o prudence_n to_o govern_v and_o protect_v the_o chinese_n throne_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v necessitate_v hereafter_o to_o call_v in_o a_o foreiner_n hunguvus_n thank_v they_o for_o their_o affection_n and_o take_v into_o his_o own_o hand_n the_o whole_a sovereignty_n seat_v himself_o in_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o nank_v where_o he_o behave_v himself_o with_o so_o much_o honour_n that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o so_o settle_v the_o affair_n of_o his_o empire_n that_o the_o people_n live_v under_o he_o in_o great_a security_n and_o freedom_n but_o this_o settlement_n he_o know_v will_v not_o long_o continue_v unless_o he_o provide_v to_o secure_v all_o from_o abroad_o therefore_o to_o prevent_v future_a trouble_n from_o his_o now_o vanquish_a foe_n and_o that_o the_o tartar_n who_o he_o have_v thus_o drive_v out_o may_v not_o rally_v and_o make_v head_n again_o he_o follow_v his_o advantage_n and_o conquest_n and_o with_o a_o considerable_a army_n enter_v tartary_n overcome_v they_o in_o several_a battle_n and_o so_o ruin_v their_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n with_o a_o promise_n to_o pay_v he_o tribute_n these_o be_v those_o tartar_n who_o after_o the_o overthrow_v give_v they_o as_o before_z relate_v flee_v into_o the_o country_n of_o ninche_n and_o indeed_o after_o those_o of_o ninche_n have_v make_v their_o peace_n with_o the_o emperor_n they_o bring_v yearly_a their_o present_n unto_o he_o as_o his_o subject_n and_o friend_n and_o be_v permit_v to_o trade_n in_o his_o dominion_n as_o his_o vassal_n and_o since_o that_o time_n have_v never_o have_v any_o thought_n of_o war_n but_o rather_o be_v fearful_a to_o give_v any_o offence_n leave_v they_o shall_v draw_v thereby_o any_o ill_a will_n upon_o themselves_o and_o so_o fall_v into_o new_a trouble_n for_o in_o the_o last_o war_n they_o be_v reduce_v into_o most_o miserable_a extremity_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v the_o vicissitude_n of_o fortune_n and_o uncertain_a event_n of_o war_n in_o those_o tartar_n who_o be_v not_o long_o since_o master_n of_o china_n but_o now_o be_v become_v vassal_n and_o subject_n to_o that_o empire_n to_o who_o prince_n they_o seek_v for_o friendship_n and_o protection_n in_o this_o posture_n stand_v the_o affair_n of_o these_o country_n for_o a_o long_a space_n of_o time_n till_o these_o people_n of_o ninche_n increase_v so_o very_o fast_o in_o power_n and_o multitude_n that_o they_o
do_v so_o close_o as_o they_o suppose_v they_o present_o imagine_v they_o have_v weather_v the_o point_n and_o overcome_v all_o difficulty_n but_o they_o be_v not_o a_o little_a disappoint_v in_o their_o expectation_n for_o his_o son_n who_o like_o his_o father_n be_v of_o a_o princely_a and_o warlike_a spirit_n be_v substitute_v in_o his_o place_n as_o soon_o as_o settle_v in_o the_o throne_n and_o at_o peace_n with_o his_o neighbour_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o invade_v china_n in_o revenge_n of_o his_o father_n death_n the_o chief_a grandee_n and_o councillor_n of_o his_o kingdom_n encourage_v he_o in_o this_o design_n whereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1616_o he_o come_v with_o a_o very_a great_a army_n to_o the_o great_a wall_n of_o partition_n between_o tartary_n and_o china_n with_o hope_n to_o pass_v there_o which_o succeed_v according_a to_o his_o desire_n for_o after_o a_o sharp_a skirmish_n the_o chineses_n betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n leave_v to_o the_o young_a king_n a_o free_a passage_n into_o china_n with_o his_o victorious_a army_n with_o which_o he_o first_o fall_v into_o the_o province_n of_o leaotunga_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o city_n tuxung_a or_o cayven_v which_o lie_v near_o tartary_n and_o the_o river_n yalous_a the_o place_n where_o the_o great_a wall_n begin_v and_o here_o he_o plant_v himself_o to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n and_o this_o he_o undoubted_o do_v to_o this_o end_n that_o he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o save_v himself_o by_o flight_n by_o sea_n in_o case_n the_o chineses_n shall_v have_v fall_v upon_o he_o and_o block_v he_o up_o and_o so_o have_v endeavour_v to_o have_v cut_v off_o his_o passage_n from_o get_v back_o again_o but_o if_o he_o be_v able_a to_o make_v good_a and_o stand_v his_o ground_n than_o he_o foresee_v it_o lie_v covenient_o for_o he_o to_o receive_v succour_n out_o of_o his_o own_o country_n and_o from_o other_o his_o ally_n whereby_o with_o continual_a reinforcing_n he_o shall_v be_v the_o better_o enable_v to_o overrun_v that_o empire_n which_o he_o have_v already_o conquer_v in_o his_o eye_n thus_o we_o see_v the_o king_n of_o ninche_n safe_o get_v with_o his_o army_n into_o his_o enemie_n country_n where_o have_v pitch_v and_o fortify_v himself_o as_o aforementioned_a he_o begin_v to_o consult_v with_o himself_o of_o his_o undertake_n when_o consider_v what_o a_o small_a force_n he_o have_v to_o conquer_v so_o powerful_a a_o empire_n and_o that_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n he_o may_v be_v easy_o set_v upon_o by_o the_o force_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n and_o peking_n and_o destroy_v before_o he_o can_v be_v well_o secure_v he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o add_v the_o fox_n tail_n to_o the_o lion_n skin_n and_o so_o resolve_v to_o send_v a_o civil_a letter_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o wretched_a and_o inhuman_a murder_n commit_v upon_o his_o father_n to_o lay_v open_a the_o deceitful_a carriage_n of_o his_o governor_n in_o many_o particular_n but_o chief_o in_o the_o misusage_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o their_o trade_n and_o commerce_n and_o the_o like_a he_o likewise_o desire_v that_o the_o emperor_n will_v not_o harbour_v a_o hard_a opinion_n but_o pass_v a_o just_a censure_n upon_o his_o action_n and_o undertake_n and_o cause_v condign_a punishment_n to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o his_o governor_n last_o of_o all_o he_o desire_v that_o the_o emperor_n will_v quit_v he_o the_o yearly_a tax_n which_o he_o pay_v to_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o this_o war_n and_o upon_o performance_n of_o these_o thing_n he_o promise_v to_o quit_v the_o city_n he_o have_v take_v and_o to_o retreat_v with_o his_o army_n beyond_o the_o wall_n and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o china_n shall_v be_v receive_v and_o treat_v in_o ninche_n as_o friend_n and_o ally_n for_o the_o bearer_n of_o this_o letter_n the_o king_n of_o ninche_n to_o make_v it_o the_o more_o acceptable_a and_o effectual_a choose_v a_o certain_a priest_n who_o the_o tartar_n call_v lama_n with_o command_n to_o deliver_v the_o same_o in_o a_o most_o submissive_a manner_n and_o serious_o to_o lay_v before_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n the_o great_a quantity_n of_o blood_n that_o be_v like_a to_o be_v spill_v if_o not_o timely_o prevent_v by_o a_o friendly_a accommodation_n between_o they_o the_o emperor_n vanlieus_n to_o who_o the_o king_n of_o ninche_n send_v this_o civil_a letter_n though_o in_o other_o thing_n he_o be_v a_o wise_a and_o prudent_a prince_n yet_o in_o this_o business_n whether_o through_o his_o great_a age_n he_o begin_v to_o dote_v or_o that_o the_o greatness_n of_o hiâ—_n power_n and_o state_n have_v stupefy_v his_o brain_n show_v not_o his_o wont_a prudence_n and_o conduct_n for_o as_o he_o can_v not_o but_o very_o well_o understand_v by_o the_o content_n of_o the_o letter_n that_o the_o complaint_n of_o the_o king_n of_o ninche_n be_v ground_v upon_o weighty_a reason_n and_o not_o without_o great_a cause_n yet_o he_o take_v the_o business_n so_o little_a to_o heart_n and_o judge_v it_o of_o so_o small_a consequence_n as_o not_o worthy_a to_o be_v debate_v in_o his_o presence_n and_o so_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o some_o of_o the_o council_n or_o rather_o true_o to_o some_o of_o his_o governor_n and_o commander_n who_o have_v labour_v all_o they_o can_v at_o court_n that_o it_o may_v be_v transmit_v to_o they_o that_o so_o they_o may_v show_v their_o pride_n in_o not_o answer_v the_o letter_n of_o a_o tartar_n king_n for_o to_o that_o height_n be_v their_o insufferable_a arrogance_n grow_v that_o they_o think_v it_o a_o undervalue_v to_o their_o honour_n and_o grandeur_n to_o return_v any_o answer_n unto_o it_o but_o in_o stead_n thereof_o signify_v their_o high_a displeasure_n that_o people_n subject_n unto_o they_o and_o who_o pay_v tax_n yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n shall_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o come_v and_o complain_v of_o injury_n unto_o he_o nor_o cease_v they_o here_o but_o mock_v and_o revile_v the_o king_n of_o ninche_n with_o bitter_a word_n never_o consider_v that_o great_a army_n wherewith_o he_o have_v invade_v their_o empire_n or_o so_o much_o as_o gather_v any_o force_n together_o to_o oppose_v he_o the_o tartar_a king_n find_v himself_o thus_o slight_v and_o scorn_v change_v his_o anger_n into_o madness_n burst_v out_o into_o curse_v and_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v revenge_v the_o murder_n of_o his_o father_n with_o the_o death_n of_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o chineses_n for_o as_o we_o say_v before_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n among_o the_o tartar_n that_o when_o any_o person_n of_o quality_n die_v in_o honour_n of_o the_o dead_a they_o fling_v into_o the_o funeral_n fire_n where_o the_o decease_a be_v burn_v some_o men-servant_n woman_n horse_n bow_n and_o arrow_n as_o if_o the_o dead_a stand_v in_o need_n of_o these_o thing_n hereafter_o and_o here_o the_o vow_n of_o the_o king_n signify_v that_o so_o many_o thousand_o shall_v attend_v his_o father_n funeral_n but_o they_o have_v very_o much_o leave_v this_o barbarous_a cruelty_n since_o their_o conquest_n of_o china_n insomuch_o that_o they_o now_o there_o bury_v their_o dead_a after_o the_o chinese_n fashion_n without_o burn_v though_o in_o their_o own_o country_n perhaps_o they_o observe_v still_o the_o same_o ceremony_n the_o king_n of_o ninche_n be_v thus_o incense_v march_v forward_o with_o his_o force_n immediate_o and_o sudden_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o chief_a city_n laoyang_n in_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n the_o place_n be_v strong_o fortify_v and_o there_o be_v a_o garrison_n of_o soldier_n within_o it_o all_o well_o arm_v with_o musket_n whereas_o the_o tartar_n use_v nothing_o but_o zable_n bow_n and_o arrow_n for_o prevention_n therefore_o of_o the_o slaughter_n by_o bullet_n which_o the_o tartar_n be_v very_o fearful_a of_o for_o this_o sort_n of_o arm_n be_v then_o altogether_o unknown_a to_o they_o they_o invent_v a_o stratagem_n which_o may_v render_v the_o shoot_n of_o bullet_n ineffectual_a unto_o the_o chineses_n which_o be_v this_o their_o king_n cause_v a_o great_a number_n of_o thick_a plank_n to_o be_v make_v ready_a and_o cause_v each_o foot-soldier_n that_o march_v in_o the_o van_n to_o carry_v one_o wherewith_o he_o secure_v both_o himself_o and_o the_o horse_n that_o follow_v behind_o be_v thus_o provide_v have_v lie_v a_o while_n before_o the_o city_n who_o inhabitant_n be_v unwilling_a to_o yield_v it_o be_v conclude_v to_o storm_n the_o place_n to_o this_o end_n the_o king_n divide_v his_o force_n into_o four_o division_n to_o storm_n the_o city_n in_o four_o place_n at_o once_o he_o command_v the_o foot_n to_o march_v with_o their_o beforementioned_a plank_n in_o the_o front_n next_o to_o they_o the_o worst_a
horse_n after_o who_o follow_v those_o that_o carry_v the_o scaling-ladder_n at_o last_o march_v up_o the_o prime_n of_o his_o army_n which_o consist_v of_o the_o stout_a and_o able_a soldier_n of_o his_o kingdom_n have_v thus_o put_v his_o army_n in_o battle-array_n he_o fall_v upon_o the_o city_n immediate_o with_o a_o undaunted_a courage_n those_o within_o make_v very_o stout_a opposition_n at_o first_o but_o the_o tartar_n press_v upon_o they_o furious_o get_v the_o better_a and_o at_o last_o drive_v they_o from_o the_o wall_n to_o which_o fix_v their_o scaling-ladder_n they_o quick_o become_v master_n of_o the_o same_o such_o be_v their_o extraordinary_a nimbleness_n and_o courage_n and_o now_o the_o chinese_n find_v themselves_o unable_a any_o long_o to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n flee_v out_o of_o the_o city_n but_o the_o tartar_n kill_v a_o great_a number_n in_o the_o pursuit_n after_o the_o take_n of_o this_o city_n the_o tartar_n march_v on_o with_o his_o army_n without_o any_o stop_n or_o hindrance_n take_v by_o storm_n whatever_o other_o city_n oppose_v he_o but_o such_o as_o submit_v he_o command_v that_o none_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n shall_v suffer_v either_o in_o body_n or_o good_n when_o now_o the_o king_n of_o ninche_n have_v fill_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n with_o fear_n and_o dread_n of_o his_o army_n and_o have_v total_o conquer_a the_o same_o he_o march_v forward_o with_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o army_n into_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n make_v no_o haste_n till_o he_o be_v come_v within_o seven_o mile_n of_o the_o imperial_a city_n and_o there_o find_v several_a chinese_n army_n to_o lie_v round_o about_o he_o he_o pitch_v his_o camp_n in_o a_o very_a rich_a quarter_n not_o dare_v to_o advance_v any_o further_o up_o into_o the_o country_n whereas_o if_o he_o have_v march_v on_o he_o have_v in_o all_o probability_n carry_v all_o before_o he_o and_o may_v undoubted_o have_v take_v the_o imperial_a city_n the_o people_n be_v general_a consternate_v and_o their_o heart_n dead_a with_o fear_n insomuch_o that_o the_o emperor_n himself_o have_v already_o conclude_v to_o abandon_v the_o city_n of_o peking_n and_o with_o his_o whole_a family_n to_o retire_v towards_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o he_o be_v dissuade_v from_o it_o by_o his_o council_n yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o both_o these_o province_n be_v so_o fill_v with_o fear_n at_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o tartar_n that_o they_o leave_v their_o habitation_n both_o in_o city_n and_o country_n and_o flee_v into_o the_o wood_n and_o mountain_n with_o what_o they_o can_v well_o carry_v with_o they_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n lay_v waste_n several_a famous_a city_n and_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n where_o he_o come_v the_o ninchean_a king_n who_o as_o we_o say_v dare_v not_o adventure_v to_o march_v against_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n have_v get_v good_a store_n of_o riches_n out_o of_o the_o other_o conquer_a city_n retreat_v back_o with_o his_o army_n to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n which_o be_v a_o very_a goodly_a city_n before_o he_o take_v it_o both_o for_o strength_n situation_n and_o fairness_n of_o building_n but_o be_v tell_v by_o his_o soothsayer_n that_o to_o let_v the_o old_a wall_n stand_v after_o he_o have_v win_v the_o place_n can_v bode_v nought_o but_o misfortune_n he_o cause_v they_o thereupon_o to_o be_v raze_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o new_a one_o build_v there_o be_v but_o two_o great_a city_n in_o all_o this_o province_n which_o be_v leaoyang_n and_o ningyven_v the_o rest_n be_v of_o a_o small_a circuit_n yet_o be_v they_o both_o populous_a and_o rich_a but_o with_o place_n of_o strength_n which_o exceed_v some_o city_n for_o bigness_n it_o exceed_o abound_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o place_n be_v very_o dull_a of_o understanding_n and_o so_o altogether_o incapable_a of_o learn_v any_o art_n and_o science_n but_o very_o healthful_a of_o constitution_n and_o strong_a of_o body_n therein_o much_o exceed_v the_o other_o chineses_n and_o the_o cause_n may_v be_v for_o that_o they_o be_v breed_v from_o the_o cradle_n to_o war_n and_o hardship_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o vicinity_n to_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v perpetual_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o as_o to_o their_o manner_n and_o custom_n they_o resemble_v very_o much_o the_o tartar_n which_o come_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o great_a intercourse_n that_o â—s_v daily_o between_o they_o the_o country_n be_v in_o some_o place_n very_o hilly_a and_o mountainous_a and_o in_o other_o plain_a and_o even_o for_o many_o mile_n together_o yet_o every_o where_o very_o fruitful_a in_o the_o product_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n both_o wild_a and_o tame_a as_o also_o in_o treeâ—_n and_o fruit_n of_o the_o field_n wholesome_a and_o medicinal_a both_o in_o their_o body_n leave_n fruit_n and_o root_n among_o other_o here_o grow_v that_o incomparable_a root_n gâ—â—seng_n whereof_o mention_n be_v make_v before_o there_o be_v also_o to_o be_v have_v store_n of_o rich_a fur_n as_o sable_n bever_n etc._n etc._n which_o they_o wear_v in_o winter_n to_o keep_v themselves_o warm_a and_o traffic_n with_o likewise_o into_o other_o province_n it_o also_o produce_v curious_a pine-apple_n excellent_a wheat_n and_o barley_n but_o no_o rice_n yet_o a_o great_a abundance_n of_o fig_n apple_n pear_n grape_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o fruit_n which_o extraordinary_a plenty_n of_o all_o necessary_a thing_n of_o its_o own_o growth_n render_v it_o both_o pleasant_a and_o cheap_a to_o live_v in_o but_o much_o more_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o situation_n upon_o the_o sea_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v furnish_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o commodity_n from_o other_o country_n their_o religion_n be_v very_o little_a different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o other_o chineses_n be_v great_a promoter_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o transmigration_n of_o soul_n out_o of_o one_o body_n into_o another_o thus_o the_o tartar_n have_v make_v this_o place_n the_o seat_n of_o war_n whereby_o they_o can_v at_o pleasure_n invade_v the_o neighbour_a province_n the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n begin_v to_o consider_v which_o way_n be_v the_o most_o likely_a for_o they_o to_o drive_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o their_o territory_n and_o at_o last_o they_o conclude_v to_o raise_v a_o army_n of_o 600000_o man_n over_o and_o above_o who_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n send_v to_o their_o assistance_n 12000_o valiant_a bowman_n who_o be_v not_o inferior_a for_o skill_n to_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o ninchean_a king_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o draw_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n as_o many_o force_n as_o can_v possible_o be_v spare_v to_o join_v with_o he_o be_v thus_o prepare_v for_o war_n on_o both_o side_n the_o chineses_n in_o the_o year_n 1619_o march_v with_o that_o formidable_a army_n against_o the_o enemy_n who_o hear_v of_o their_o approach_n set_v forward_o from_o their_o camp_n to_o meet_v they_o which_o soon_o happen_v but_o then_o such_o be_v the_o inveterate_a malice_n of_o both_o party_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o see_v each_o other_o the_o battle_n begin_v which_o be_v valiant_o fight_v for_o a_o long_a time_n by_o both_o army_n so_o that_o the_o victory_n hang_v in_o suspense_n nor_o can_v any_o judge_n who_o will_v have_v the_o better_a till_o at_o length_n the_o chineses_n run_v away_o in_o great_a disorder_n and_o confusion_n the_o slaughter_n be_v very_o great_a among_o they_o both_o of_o commander_n and_o soldier_n upon_o the_o spot_n those_o that_o escape_v carry_v the_o news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n to_o the_o emperor_n this_o great_a victory_n the_o ninchean_a king_n pursue_v with_o that_o expedition_n that_o he_o take_v several_a city_n and_o town_n some_o whereof_o they_o lay_v in_o ash_n and_o put_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n harrass_v and_o plunder_v up_o to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o the_o city_n of_o peking_n though_o they_o dare_v not_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o there_o be_v a_o garrison_n of_o eighty_o thousand_o man_n and_o and_o the_o place_n well_o fortify_v with_o great_a store_n of_o cannon_n upon_o the_o wall_n notwithstanding_o which_o provision_n such_o be_v the_o fear_n of_o the_o pekinger_n that_o if_o the_o tartar_n have_v but_o attempt_v they_o may_v have_v be_v master_n of_o that_o great_a city_n without_o any_o very_a hazardous_a opposition_n for_o the_o emperor_n be_v again_o full_o resolve_v as_o before_o to_o quit_v it_o and_o to_o retire_v to_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o some_o of_o his_o council_n now_o too_o late_o grow_v wise_a alter_v his_o purpose_n by_o tell_v he_o that_o it_o will_v encourage_v the_o enemy_n and_o not_o only_o put_v the_o whole_a empire_n into_o confusion_n but_o hazard_v the_o ruin_n if_o not_o the_o
thing_n among_o other_o martial_a commander_n and_o governor_n of_o province_n that_o have_v the_o conduct_n of_o these_o army_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a woman_n who_o may_v very_o just_o be_v call_v the_o chinese_n amazon_n for_o she_o come_v with_o three_o thousand_o man_n out_o of_o suchue_n which_o be_v the_o furthermost_a province_n of_o china_n towards_o the_o west_n and_o show_v by_o her_o courage_n a_o manly_a heart_n and_o she_o fight_v several_a battle_n successful_o against_o the_o tartar_n have_v always_o the_o better_a of_o they_o in_o remembrance_n of_o who_o good_a service_n the_o emperor_n confer_v several_a title_n of_o honour_n upon_o she_o and_o now_o at_o last_o the_o emperor_n thienkius_n be_v come_v in_o person_n into_o his_o army_n in_o leaotung_n and_o have_v in_o manner_n aforementioned_a take_v care_n to_o have_v it_o full_o supply_v with_o all_o convenient_a necessary_n draw_v up_o the_o same_o in_o battel-aray_n and_o on_o a_o sudden_a fall_v furious_o upon_o the_o tartar_n beat_v they_o out_o of_o the_o field_n and_o recover_v the_o whole_a province_n with_o less_o difficulty_n than_o be_v suppose_v or_o expect_v in_o regard_n the_o inhabitant_n who_o have_v be_v miserable_o handle_v by_o the_o tartar_n join_v with_o their_o countryman_n the_o emperor_n force_n by_o which_o addition_n be_v come_v far_o more_o numerous_a than_o the_o enemy_n and_o have_v advantage_n of_o revenge_n they_o fall_v upon_o they_o with_o great_a rage_n and_o fury_n stir_v up_o thereto_o by_o have_v before_o their_o eye_n the_o lamentable_a condition_n into_o which_o they_o have_v bring_v their_o country_n by_o fire_n and_o sword_n and_o to_o say_v all_o in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v their_o good_a fortune_n that_o at_o this_o time_n the_o king_n of_o ninche_n be_v so_o unfortunate_a that_o the_o mutiny_n of_o his_o own_o subject_n at_o home_n hinder_v he_o from_o recruit_v his_o army_n which_o in_o divers_a great_a battle_n have_v be_v much_o waste_v and_o he_o can_v get_v no_o force_n from_o thence_o to_o reinforce_v himself_o so_o that_o at_o last_o be_v every_o where_o worsted_n by_o the_o emperor_n supply_n the_o encroach_a ninchean_a be_v fain_o to_o save_v himself_o by_o flight_n and_o to_o leave_v the_o province_n of_o leaotung_a to_o the_o conquer_a sword_n of_o its_o just_a and_o lawful_a emperor_n chap._n xix_o of_o the_o last_o chinese_n and_o tartar_n war_n wherein_o the_o tartar_n overran_a and_o conquer_v the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n although_o by_o the_o mean_v mention_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n the_o chinese_n empire_n be_v a_o while_n free_v from_o the_o fury_n and_o destroy_a sword_n of_o the_o waste_a tartar_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o long_o before_o it_o fall_v into_o far_o great_a trouble_n than_o ever_o by_o those_o their_o old_a enemy_n who_o once_o more_o renew_v the_o war_n and_o never_o leave_v it_o off_o till_o they_o have_v bring_v under_o the_o whole_a empire_n the_o manner_n as_o follow_v the_o chineses_n suspect_v the_o return_n of_o the_o tartar_n after_o that_o they_o have_v quiet_v their_o domestic_a trouble_n and_o settle_v their_o affair_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n take_v care_n to_o supply_v the_o frontier_n place_n with_o strong_a garrison_n and_o raise_v more_o force_n for_o the_o security_n of_o their_o state_n which_o be_v scarce_o perform_v before_o it_o happen_v as_o they_o imagine_v for_o the_o trouble_n and_o mutiny_n be_v appease_v in_o ninche_n that_o king_n return_v with_o a_o mighty_a army_n into_o the_o west_n of_o leaotung_n have_v give_v order_n to_o seventy_o thousand_o horse_n who_o he_o send_v before_o to_o block_n up_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o leaoyang_n assure_v they_o he_o himself_o will_v follow_v with_o the_o main_a of_o his_o army_n these_o horseman_n to_o show_v their_o courage_n and_o valour_n no_o soon_o approach_v but_o they_o storm_v the_o city_n and_o in_o two_o day_n time_n become_v master_n of_o it_o before_o their_o king_n come_v up_o to_o they_o with_o his_o force_n there_o waâ—_n no_o courage_n want_v on_o either_o side_n for_o it_o be_v manful_o fight_v out_o by_o both_o till_o at_o least_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n be_v kill_v on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o chinese_n and_o no_o less_o on_o that_o of_o the_o tartar_n woe_n have_v never_o lose_v so_o many_o man_n before_o in_o any_o one_o fight_n in_o this_o quarrel_n yet_o at_o last_o they_o take_v the_o city_n not_o so_o much_o by_o their_o own_o strength_n as_o treachery_n hatch_v within_o it_o for_o they_o have_v bribe_v one_o of_o the_o commander_n with_o money_n and_o promise_n of_o preferment_n to_o set_v open_a the_o gate_n commit_v to_o his_o charge_n which_o he_o perform_v according_a to_o the_o agreement_n the_o tartar_n come_v rush_v into_o the_o city_n and_o win_v the_o same_o in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o few_o hour_n lay_v it_o level_a with_o the_o ground_n in_o a_o most_o miserable_a manner_n the_o tutang_n or_o governor_n have_v understand_v the_o treason_n take_v it_o so_o much_o to_o heart_n that_o he_o hang_v himself_o present_o that_o he_o may_v not_o live_v to_o see_v the_o ruin_n and_o desolation_n that_o be_v come_v upon_o the_o city_n and_o its_o inhabitant_n the_o emperor_n be_v chief_a councillor_n have_v undoubted_o follow_v his_o example_n and_o undergo_v the_o same_o fate_n have_v he_o not_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o tartar_n who_o take_v he_o and_o save_v his_o life_n only_o out_o of_o design_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v serviceable_a unto_o they_o in_o discover_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o country_n but_o he_o not_o value_v his_o life_n scorn_v to_o give_v the_o title_n of_o king_n to_o the_o tartar_n and_o will_v in_o no_o wise_n be_v persuade_v to_o falsify_v the_o oath_n and_o betray_v the_o trust_v repose_v in_o he_o by_o the_o emperor_n the_o tartar_n wonder_v at_o the_o courage_n stability_n and_o constancy_n of_o this_o man_n give_v he_o afterward_o both_o his_o life_n and_o liberty_n thereby_o to_o let_v the_o world_n know_v that_o they_o understand_v how_o to_o reward_v virtue_n and_o integrity_n but_o he_o more_o cruel_a to_o himself_o than_o the_o enemy_n know_v very_o well_o what_o reward_n according_a to_o the_o chinese_n law_n will_v fall_v to_o his_o share_n deprive_v himself_o at_o last_o of_o his_o own_o life_n which_o his_o enemy_n have_v spare_v by_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o the_o forementioned_a tutang_n for_o it_o be_v a_o know_a law_n and_o custom_n in_o china_n though_o very_o unreasonable_a that_o all_o general_n and_o commander_n of_o fort_n and_o garrison_n though_o they_o behave_v themselves_o never_o so_o well_o if_o they_o come_v off_o unfortunate_o forfeit_v their_o life_n when_o they_o return_v home_o the_o tartar_n after_o the_o take_n and_o destroy_v of_o this_o city_n immediate_o issue_v out_o a_o proclamation_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o no_o city_n shall_v sâ—ffer_v any_o damage_n either_o in_o life_n or_o estate_n if_o they_o will_v cut_v off_o their_o hair_n leave_v only_o a_o single_a lock_n behind_o and_o pull_v out_o all_o the_o hair_n of_o their_o beard_n except_o their_o mustachio_n and_o likewise_o go_v clothe_v after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n although_o this_o command_n be_v strict_a yet_o it_o carry_v with_o it_o some_o show_n of_o favor_n and_o consequent_o gain_v a_o kind_n of_o love_n until_o the_o tartar_n by_o some_o barbarous_a act_n they_o commit_v afterward_o be_v very_o much_o hate_v and_o abominate_v the_o story_n go_v thus_o there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n several_a merchant_n come_v to_o the_o city_n with_o commodity_n from_o other_o part_n of_o chiâ—a_n to_o trade_n withal_o the_o tartar_n at_o their_o request_n give_v they_o free_a leave_n to_o go_v and_o come_v whereupon_o these_o innocent_a people_n not_o apprehend_v the_o dangerous_a mischief_n that_o be_v design_v against_o they_o depart_v with_o their_o riches_n and_o good_n but_o they_o be_v hardly_o get_v three_o mile_n out_o of_o the_o city_n when_o the_o tartar_n lie_v in_o wait_n for_o they_o fall_v upon_o and_o kill_v they_o every_o one_o take_z as_o free_a plunder_n all_o they_o have_v which_o they_o bring_v with_o they_o into_o the_o city_n triumphant_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v the_o spoil_n of_o a_o open_a enemy_n which_o barbarous_a usage_n be_v hear_v of_o occasion_v a_o great_a amazement_n among_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o know_v no_o other_o but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v serve_v every_o moment_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o their_o savage_a cruelty_n they_o be_v at_o present_a necessitate_a to_o make_v a_o halt_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a loss_n they_o have_v sustain_v before_o this_o city_n of_o leaoyang_n nor_o dare_v they_o venture_v to_o march_v further_o up_o into_o the_o country_n or_o lay_v siege_n to_o any_o place_n of_o importance_n till_o they_o have_v
first_o recruit_v themselves_o for_o they_o find_v all_o the_o frontier_n town_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n well_o fortify_v and_o guard_v among_o all_o other_o chinese_n commander_n who_o signalise_v themselves_o in_o show_v their_o courage_n in_o their_o country_n behalf_n against_o the_o enemy_n be_v one_o maovenlung_v who_o do_v very_o great_a execution_n upon_o they_o in_o several_a encounter_n he_o be_v a_o native_a of_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n where_o he_o have_v learn_v and_o understand_v in_o his_o conversation_n among_o the_o portuguese_a at_o macao_n several_a thing_n concern_v their_o military_a discipline_n from_o thence_o he_o have_v likewise_o bring_v with_o he_o several_a great_a gun_n which_o he_o purchase_v out_o of_o a_o netherlands_n ship_n that_o be_v cast_v away_o there_o and_o those_o he_o plant_v upon_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o ningyven_v the_o eastern_a part_n of_o leaotung_n and_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o leaoyang_n be_v thus_o lose_v in_o this_o new_a make_v chief_a city_n there_o happen_v to_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o tutang_n or_o viceroy_n of_o leaotung_n with_o the_o whole_a chinese_n army_n the_o tartar_n have_v many_o time_n have_v trial_n to_o their_o sorrow_n and_o cost_n of_o the_o courage_n of_o this_o maovenlung_v have_v often_o be_v rout_v by_o he_o dare_v not_o adventure_v any_o further_a to_o cope_v with_o he_o in_o a_o honourable_a way_n but_o bethink_v themselves_o of_o some_o stratagem_n or_o politic_a device_n whereby_o to_o wound_v the_o integrity_n and_o virtue_n of_o this_o brave_a person_n and_o they_o suppose_v the_o best_a mean_n to_o assail_v he_o with_o will_v be_v fair_a word_n and_o high_a promise_n wherefore_o to_o put_v in_o execution_n this_o their_o design_n they_o offer_v he_o by_o a_o private_a letter_n which_o they_o cause_v cunning_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o half_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n if_o he_o will_v desert_v his_o natural_a prince_n with_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o army_n and_o help_v they_o to_o conquer_v the_o empire_n but_o maovenlung_v who_o will_v neither_o forfeit_v his_o honour_n nor_o oath_n courageous_o refuse_v these_o high_a offer_n and_o return_v for_o answer_n that_o he_o have_v rather_o lose_v his_o life_n than_o betray_v his_o prince_n and_o country_n the_o tartar_n find_v that_o this_o plot_n of_o they_o will_v take_v no_o effect_n and_o that_o the_o chineses_n have_v well_o provide_v against_o their_o come_n resolve_v to_o desist_v and_o to_o make_v no_o further_o progress_n in_o the_o present_a war_n which_o whole_o cease_v till_o the_o year_n 1625._o when_o sudden_o it_o break_v forth_o again_o they_o come_v and_o besiege_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o ningyven_v this_o great_o startle_v the_o chineses_n who_o think_v they_o have_v overcome_v the_o great_a difficulty_n and_o danger_n but_o maovenlung_n come_v time_n enough_o to_o the_o rescue_n and_o relief_n of_o this_o place_n and_o fall_v so_o furious_o upon_o the_o besieger_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o raise_v their_o siege_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o at_o least_o ten_o thousand_o man_n that_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n among_o who_o fall_v the_o king_n be_v own_o son_n who_o death_n be_v so_o high_o resent_v by_o the_o survive_a tartar_n that_o they_o in_o a_o great_a rage_n and_o madness_n make_v over_o the_o ice_n for_o it_o be_v in_o winter_n and_o get_v into_o the_o island_n of_o theyoven_n whereof_o they_o quick_o make_v themselves_o master_v they_o put_v every_o live_a creature_n they_o find_v to_o the_o sword_n which_o be_v a_o very_a great_a number_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o young_a prince_n which_o have_v do_v they_o immediate_o leave_v the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n and_o retreat_v into_o their_o own_o country_n not_o with_o a_o intention_n to_o be_v quiet_a but_o only_o to_o recruit_v themselves_o with_o more_o force_n and_o then_o to_o return_v again_o at_o a_o convenient_a time_n and_o hereupon_o follow_v a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n till_o the_o year_n 1627._o when_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n thienkius_n happen_v to_o die_v be_v but_o a_o young_a man_n who_o death_n prove_v to_o be_v the_o loss_n of_o all_o china_n although_o the_o tartar_n king_n of_o ninche_n call_v thienning_n who_o have_v destroy_v so_o many_o thousand_o of_o people_n by_o fire_n and_o sword_n do_v not_o long_o survive_v but_o as_o a_o attendant_n on_o his_o corpse_n die_v the_o same_o year_n thienkius_n be_v succeed_v by_o his_o brother_n who_o be_v very_o unfortunate_a in_o all_o his_o undertake_n and_o at_o length_n through_o the_o treachery_n of_o his_o subject_n have_v both_o a_o unfortunate_a reign_n and_o death_n as_o by_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o history_n will_v appear_v the_o tartar_a king_n thienning_n have_v for_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o throne_n his_o son_n thientung_v who_o quick_o change_v the_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a manner_n and_o custom_n use_v by_o his_o tyrannize_a father_n insomuch_o that_o he_o do_v not_o pursue_v the_o chineses_n so_o fierce_o but_o begin_v to_o treat_v they_o with_o more_o civility_n which_o produce_v a_o very_a great_a change_n and_o cause_v all_o his_o affair_n to_o become_v more_o acceptable_a and_o certain_o this_o prudent_a and_o politic_a prince_n have_v effect_v great_a thing_n have_v he_o not_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o a_o untimely_a death_n his_o mildness_n have_v get_v so_o great_a renown_n withal_o that_o the_o council_n who_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o he_o think_v themselves_o happy_a in_o the_o change_n and_o withal_o learn_v from_o he_o by_o example_n that_o the_o chineses_n will_v soon_o be_v reduce_v and_o bring_v under_o their_o government_n by_o clemency_n and_o civility_n than_o by_o force_n of_o arms._n in_o this_o year_n 1627._o the_o commander_n and_o officer_n of_o general_n maovenlung_v who_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o quietness_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v no_o enemy_n to_o encounter_n begin_v much_o to_o molest_v and_o be_v injurious_a to_o their_o friend_n and_o ally_n of_o coreâ—_n by_o make_v inroad_n and_o incursion_n upon_o they_o nay_o by_o degree_n they_o grow_v so_o very_o insolent_a and_o troublesome_a to_o all_o part_n adjoin_v to_o their_o quarter_n especial_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o province_n of_o hienkien_n who_o be_v so_o intolerable_o oppress_v by_o their_o rapine_n that_o out_o of_o revenge_n and_o hatred_n they_o put_v themselves_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o tartar_n advise_v he_o to_o re-invade_a and_o fall_v into_o china_n with_o a_o mighty_a army_n which_o he_o not_o willing_a to_o let_v slip_n so_o fair_a a_o opportunity_n immediate_o do_v so_o that_o a_o very_a great_a army_n be_v in_o the_o field_n ready_a to_o assail_v the_o chinese_n force_n before_o they_o have_v any_o thought_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o when_o they_o least_o dream_v of_o their_o come_n who_o by_o this_o mean_n lie_v careless_o disperse_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o province_n be_v soon_o destroy_v maovenlung_v however_o rally_v and_o by_o the_o addition_n of_o some_o new_a levy_n and_o recruit_n be_v grow_v into_o a_o strong_a body_n he_o fight_v several_a doubtful_a battle_n with_o the_o tartar_n but_o they_o at_o last_o grow_v superior_a to_o he_o in_o strength_n and_o number_n maovenlung_v the_o chinese_n general_n be_v constrain_v to_o quit_v the_o field_n with_o the_o gross_a of_o his_o army_n yet_o neither_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o army_n nor_o greatness_n of_o the_o victory_n obtain_v by_o the_o tartar_n do_v make_v any_o great_a impression_n upon_o the_o chinese_n nor_o indeed_o be_v they_o trouble_v at_o it_o when_o they_o understand_v that_o their_o general_n have_v save_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o island_n of_o corea_n but_o the_o ninchean_a commander_n imagine_v that_o those_o of_o that_o place_n have_v be_v instrumental_a in_o help_v to_o convey_v the_o general_n maovenlung_v away_o with_o their_o army_n fall_v into_o it_o plunder_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o ruine_v the_o country_n by_o fire_n and_o sword_n this_o act_n be_v high_o disapprove_v of_o by_o the_o tartar_n king_n himself_o because_o it_o stir_v up_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n to_o arm_n against_o he_o and_o join_v his_o force_n with_o those_o of_o the_o chinese_n which_o maovenlung_v have_v be_v gather_v together_o and_o with_o they_o be_v march_v towards_o corea_n to_o revenge_v himself_o upon_o the_o tartar_n the_o tartar_n have_v thus_o inhumane_o and_o without_o reason_n turn_v their_o arm_n upon_o the_o country_n of_o corea_n be_v set_v forward_o with_o their_o army_n against_o the_o royal_a city_n thereof_o and_o be_v arrive_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o mountain_n through_o which_o the_o way_n run_v to_o the_o city_n be_v about_o seven_o mile_n from_o the_o same_o here_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n in_o the_o narrow_a way_n have_v pitch_v to_o receive_v they_o and_o the_o tartar_n be_v eager_a to_o
fight_n furious_o assail_v the_o corean_o in_o their_o station_n so_o that_o there_o begin_v a_o bloody_a battle_n but_o both_o army_n be_v hardly_o engage_v before_o the_o valiant_a maovenlung_n come_v up_o with_o he_o and_o fall_v like_o lightning_n into_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o now_o find_v themselves_o beset_v before_o and_o behind_o with_o two_o such_o potent_a army_n and_o no_o other_o way_n for_o safety_n or_o escape_n than_o what_o their_o zable_n can_v cut_v out_o for_o they_o resolve_v not_o to_o part_v with_o their_o life_n at_o a_o cheap_a rate_n and_o spur_v on_o by_o despair_n they_o fight_v without_o any_o fear_n every_o one_o endeavour_v to_o exceed_v the_o other_o in_o valour_n and_o courage_n so_o that_o in_o the_o very_a write_n of_o the_o chinese_n they_o be_v extol_v say_v there_o be_v never_o the_o like_a battle_n fight_v between_o they_o but_o that_o which_o be_v chief_o to_o be_v admire_v be_v that_o of_o three_o so_o great_a army_n none_o obtain_v the_o victory_n but_o be_v all_o of_o they_o almost_o total_o ruin_v and_o destroy_v there_o be_v kill_v fifty_o thousand_o man_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o tartar_n those_o of_o corea_n have_v seventy_o thousand_o slain_n but_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o chineses_n be_v so_o great_a that_o few_o or_o none_o escape_v those_o of_o the_o tartar_n that_o survive_v make_v their_o way_n home_o into_o their_o own_o country_n as_o fast_o as_o they_o can_v by_o which_o mean_v the_o king_n of_o corea_n have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o recover_v his_o country_n again_o the_o tartar_n have_v sustain_v so_o great_a a_o overthrow_n be_v very_o careful_a afterward_o how_o they_o provoke_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o corea_n yet_o still_o they_o continue_v to_o make_v several_a inroad_n into_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n till_o at_o last_o they_o whole_o subdue_v the_o eastern_a part_n and_o plunder_v the_o remainder_n thereof_o but_o this_o be_v do_v by_o fit_n and_o at_o several_a time_n for_o they_o never_o dare_v venture_v to_o seat_v themselves_o there_o nay_o they_o pay_v oftentimes_o very_o dear_a for_o their_o robbery_n while_o affair_n stand_v in_o this_o posture_n the_o emperor_n of_o china_n who_o name_n be_v zungchinius_n send_v his_o general_n yvenus_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n and_o a_o large_a commission_n towards_o leaotung_n have_v also_o private_a instruction_n to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o tartar_n if_o they_o will_v agree_v to_o it_o but_o if_o they_o refuse_v then_o forthwith_o to_o make_v a_o sharp_a war_n upon_o they_o and_o to_o say_v truth_n he_o be_v necessitate_v to_o make_v this_o proposition_n for_o that_o his_o whole_a empire_n be_v as_o it_o be_v overspread_v with_o highwayman_n and_o robber_n so_o that_o he_o stand_v in_o great_a fear_n of_o they_o for_o their_o number_n daily_o so_o increase_v that_o if_o they_o shall_v once_o join_v into_o one_o body_n it_o will_v be_v no_o difficult_a matter_n for_o they_o to_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o kingdom_n this_o yvenus_n upon_o who_o the_o emperor_n have_v confer_v such_o high_a and_o ample_a authority_n be_v a_o perfect_a courtier_n of_o a_o affable_a and_o free_a speech_n and_o one_o that_o know_v very_o well_o how_o to_o use_v his_o pen_n with_o so_o much_o advantage_n and_o ingenuity_n that_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o one_o in_o the_o court_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o he_o by_o these_o singular_a perfection_n he_o have_v win_v not_o only_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o emperor_n but_o of_o all_o the_o grandee_n so_o that_o the_o management_n of_o all_o affair_n be_v whole_o leave_v to_o he_o but_o here_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o he_o be_v insatiable_o covetous_a of_o wealth_n and_o consequent_o for_o obtain_v thereof_o stick_v not_o to_o perpetrate_v any_o clandestine_v mischief_n otherwise_o by_o his_o more_o than_o common_a part_n he_o may_v undoubted_o have_v do_v extraordinary_a service_n both_o to_o his_o prince_n and_o country_n but_o neither_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o trust_v repose_v in_o he_o nor_o the_o love_n of_o his_o country_n be_v in_o any_o measure_n answerable_a to_o his_o thirst_n after_o riches_n unde_fw-la habeat_fw-la quaerat_fw-la nemo_fw-la sed_fw-la oportet_fw-la habere_fw-la of_o which_o avaricious_a temper_n of_o his_o the_o tartar_n have_v information_n and_o look_v upon_o he_o as_o a_o fit_a instrument_n to_o be_v employ_v in_o their_o design_n they_o never_o leave_v send_v to_o he_o extraordinary_a present_n accompany_v with_o large_a promise_n of_o the_o most_o eminent_a preferment_n with_o which_o bait_n be_v take_v he_o contract_a friendship_n with_o they_o promise_v to_o give_v they_o his_o assistance_n when_o it_o shall_v lie_v in_o his_o power_n and_o as_o the_o first_o proof_n of_o his_o friendship_n to_o they_o through_o the_o cunning_a instigation_n of_o the_o tartar_n he_o undertake_v private_o to_o murder_v the_o valiant_a and_o faithful_a commander_n maoâ—enlung_v of_o who_o the_o tartar_n stand_v in_o great_a fear_n and_o awe_n which_o he_o according_o effect_v with_o great_a secrecy_n by_o invite_v he_o to_o dinner_n and_o poison_v he_o with_o a_o cup_n of_o drink_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v give_v he_o at_o the_o table_n have_v thus_o clandestine_o accomplish_v this_o his_o monstrous_a undertake_n he_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o tartar_n upon_o most_o dishonourable_a and_o disadvantageous_a term_n for_o his_o prince_n who_o no_o soon_o read_v the_o same_o but_o he_o refuse_v to_o observe_v and_o ratify_v they_o yvenus_n conscious_a of_o what_o he_o have_v do_v and_o well_o see_v that_o upon_o the_o make_n good_a of_o this_o treaty_n of_o peace_n his_o honour_n and_o authority_n depend_v advise_v the_o tartar_n to_o force_v the_o emperor_n his_o natural_a â—ord_n to_o the_o observation_n thereof_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n whereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1630._o upon_o his_o promise_n not_o to_o oppose_v they_o in_o the_o least_o if_o they_o will_v make_v a_o invasion_n in_o some_o other_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n where_o he_o have_v no_o command_n this_o treacherous_a advice_n be_v no_o soon_o give_v than_o accept_v and_o put_v in_o execution_n for_o the_o tartar_n doubt_v so_o little_a of_o the_o promise_n of_o yvenus_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o extraordinary_a covetousness_n that_o without_o take_v any_o further_a counsel_n they_o pour_v their_o force_n into_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n plunder_v all_o place_n where_o they_o come_v and_o lay_v the_o same_o afterward_o in_o ash_n and_o at_o last_o so_o be_v their_o courage_n or_o rather_o fury_n heighten_v that_o they_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n at_o who_o approach_n it_o be_v no_o marvel_n if_o the_o confusion_n and_o amazement_n be_v great_a not_o only_o among_o the_o citizen_n but_o also_o among_o the_o rix-counsellor_n who_o in_o this_o dangerous_a vicissitude_n of_o affair_n earnest_o advise_v the_o emperor_n to_o leave_v the_o city_n and_o to_o retire_v to_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o he_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n hearken_v to_o their_o counsel_n say_v that_o he_o will_v rather_o be_v cut_v in_o a_o thousand_o piece_n than_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v he_o flee_v for_o fear_n of_o the_o tartar_n wherefore_o both_o as_o a_o valiant_a soldier_n and_o careful_a prince_n he_o immediate_o give_v order_n to_o his_o commander_n not_o to_o suffer_v any_o to_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o city_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n but_o that_o they_o shall_v incite_v and_o stir_v up_o all_o the_o people_n to_o a_o courageous_a defence_n while_o this_o be_v do_v within_o the_o tartar_n without_o begin_v to_o storm_n the_o city_n but_o be_v beat_v off_o with_o great_a loss_n upon_o several_a attempt_n so_o that_o they_o conclude_v to_o continue_v the_o siege_n with_o more_o moderation_n and_o rather_o endeavour_v to_o take_v it_o by_o famine_n than_o hazard_v the_o weaken_n of_o their_o army_n by_o such_o fruitless_a and_o unsuccessful_a assault_n at_o length_n by_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n the_o emperor_n send_v for_o yvenus_n to_o come_v to_o his_o assistance_n and_o relief_n with_o the_o army_n under_o his_o command_n for_o as_o yet_o his_o treachery_n be_v not_o discover_v who_o upon_o the_o first_o intelligence_n to_o prevent_v the_o emperor_n from_o have_v any_o suspicion_n of_o he_o come_v with_o his_o army_n under_o the_o wall_n of_o peking_n but_o keep_v at_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o that_o of_o the_o besieger_n neither_o show_v he_o any_o hostility_n against_o they_o but_o in_o stead_n thereof_o advise_v the_o emperor_n to_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o term_n upon_o which_o the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o war_n have_v begin_v and_o this_o he_o strong_o labour_v to_o persuade_v he_o to_o not_o only_o to_o prevent_v the_o discovery_n of_o the_o treason_n but_o that_o so_o he_o may_v
that_o be_v imminent_a over_o his_o head_n through_o these_o division_n endeavour_v by_o all_o the_o mean_n he_o can_v devise_v to_o reconcile_v these_o intestine_a jar_v thus_o unhappy_o rise_v among_o his_o subject_n and_o in_o order_n thereunto_o after_o several_a other_o probable_a experiment_n without_o any_o effect_n he_o cause_v the_o friend_n of_o the_o beforementioned_a guei_fw-mi to_o be_v punish_v in_o due_a form_n of_o law_n and_o severe_o punish_v as_o disturber_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n nay_o at_o last_o he_o be_v force_v to_o cause_n guei_n himself_o to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n with_o several_a other_o his_o adherent_n which_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n after_o this_o manner_n according_a to_o a_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n to_o visit_v the_o tomb_n of_o their_o ancestor_n this_o guei_n under_o colour_n thereof_o be_v make_v choice_n of_o for_o the_o emperor_n proxy_n it_o be_v a_o employment_n always_o commit_v to_o the_o great_a person_n in_o the_o empire_n who_o not_o dream_v of_o any_o hurt_n intend_v against_o he_o begin_v his_o journey_n with_o a_o great_a train_n but_o he_o be_v hardly_o go_v a_o mile_n out_o of_o the_o city_n of_o peking_n but_o a_o messenger_n from_o the_o emperor_n overtake_v he_o who_o deliver_v he_o a_o golden_a box_n wherein_o be_v a_o silken_a cord_n with_o order_n to_o hang_v himself_o therewith_o which_o he_o ready_o embrace_v and_o present_o go_v and_o perform_v and_o thus_o to_o come_v to_o the_o period_n of_o life_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o chinese_n for_o a_o honourable_a death_n insomuch_o that_o none_o who_o have_v any_o respect_n for_o their_o family_n will_v reject_v or_o refuse_v this_o severe_a though_o inhuman_a order_n and_o command_n when_o send_v he_o but_o very_o little_a advantage_n do_v the_o emperor_n reap_v by_o the_o fall_n of_o this_o his_o so_o eminent_a favourite_n but_o rather_o create_v more_o trouble_n unto_o himself_o for_o his_o adherent_n hereupon_o begin_v to_o conspire_v with_o the_o rebellious_a robber_n and_o to_o swear_v revenge_n and_o these_o feud_n be_v spread_v into_o the_o army_n that_o be_v send_v to_o subdue_v those_o robber_n make_v such_o heartburning_n among_o the_o soldier_n that_o they_o return_v home_o still_o with_o great_a loss_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o emperor_n affair_n begin_v to_o fall_v daily_o into_o a_o condition_n of_o worse_a and_o worse_o for_o the_o friend_n of_o the_o beforementioned_a guei_n do_v whatever_o they_o can_v to_o ruin_v the_o emperor_n and_o the_o party_n adhere_v to_o he_o when_o licungzus_n receive_v information_n of_o these_o division_n between_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o commander_n and_o governor_n he_o conclude_v that_o it_o be_v now_o a_o convenient_a time_n to_o fall_v upon_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o peking_n whereupon_o after_o he_o have_v well_o secure_v the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la he_o march_v with_o his_o whole_a army_n to_o the_o east_n and_o pass_v with_o little_a or_o no_o trouble_n over_o the_o yellow_a river_n be_v not_o defend_v by_o any_o for_o he_o may_v have_v be_v easy_o obstruct_v if_o not_o total_o prevent_v in_o that_o his_o passage_n with_o a_o handful_n of_o man_n in_o regard_n this_o river_n in_o those_o part_n between_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la and_o xansi_fw-la run_v with_o a_o very_a violent_a stream_n and_o current_n but_o there_o be_v no_o strength_n to_o hinder_v he_o he_o easy_o get_v over_o and_o at_o the_o first_o assault_n take_v the_o famous_a and_o great_a city_n of_o kiangcheu_fw-la which_o lie_v near_o the_o say_a river_n and_o on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o province_n the_o news_n hereof_o cause_v other_o place_n where_o he_o come_v not_o to_o withstand_v he_o only_o those_o of_o the_o city_n of_o thaiyven_v hold_v out_o several_a day_n as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o bravado_n but_o at_o last_o be_v force_v to_o submit_v they_o dear_o pay_v for_o their_o opposition_n for_o the_o commander_n be_v all_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n and_o a_o very_a heavy_a fine_a set_v upon_o the_o citizen_n that_o survive_v when_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n receive_v intelligence_n that_o these_o bold_a pillager_n be_v already_o get_v over_o the_o yellow_a river_n and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la which_o be_v not_o very_o far_o from_o the_o imperial_a court_n of_o peking_n he_o immediate_o cause_v a_o very_a great_a army_n to_o be_v raise_v under_o the_o command_n of_o his_o general_n lius_o with_o order_n at_o least_o to_o stop_v the_o robber_n in_o their_o march_n if_o he_o can_v not_o total_o destroy_v they_o but_o this_o great_a army_n effect_v nothing_o for_o no_o soon_o be_v they_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o they_o desert_v their_o commander_n and_o run_v over_o to_o they_o which_o so_o infinite_o afflict_v the_o general_n that_o he_o go_v away_o forthwith_o and_o hang_v himself_o the_o report_n of_o these_o disastrous_a action_n be_v spread_v immediate_o fill_v the_o whole_a 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substance_n whereof_o be_v to_o this_o purpose_n that_o the_o various_a change_n and_o vicissitude_n which_o happen_v in_o this_o world_n be_v either_o preordain_v by_o the_o heaven_n occasion_v by_o the_o earth_n or_o impulse_v by_o destiny_n this_o i_o write_v to_o you_o my_o son_n to_o give_v you_o notice_n that_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n and_o the_o government_n of_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n be_v total_o destroy_v and_o that_o since_o the_o heaven_n which_o order_n and_o manage_v all_o thing_n by_o a_o just_a rule_n have_v give_v the_o dominion_n to_o licungzus_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o we_o comply_v with_o the_o time_n and_o make_v a_o virtue_n of_o necessity_n especial_o if_o we_o will_v escape_v all_o disaster_n prevent_v a_o cruel_a death_n and_o enjoy_v his_o favour_n he_o promise_v to_o ennoble_v you_o with_o a_o royal_a dignity_n and_o to_o confer_v on_o you_o all_o manner_n of_o honour_n and_o friendship_n if_o you_o will_v take_v part_n with_o he_o and_o 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than_o betray_v my_o trust_n and_o falsify_v my_o oath_n no_o soon_o have_v usanguejus_n send_v this_o letter_n to_o his_o father_n but_o he_o dispatch_v a_o ambassador_n to_o the_o grand_a tartar_n cham_fw-mi to_o desire_v assistance_n against_o the_o usurper_n and_o tyrant_n licungzus_n who_o have_v so_o unjust_o intrude_v upon_o the_o throne_n by_o 〈◊〉_d and_o murder_n and_o to_o incite_v the_o tartar_n the_o more_o speedy_o to_o the_o march_n he_o promise_v they_o great_a store_n of_o fine_a linen_n silk_n gold_n silver_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o very_o handsome_a young_a woman_n wherein_o the_o tartar_n take_v great_a delight_n because_o they_o be_v very_o scarce_o among_o they_o their_o country_n abound_v more_o with_o man_n than_o woman_n the_o cham_n who_o have_v long_o be_v wait_v for_o such_o a_o opportunity_n ready_o accept_v of_o his_o offer_n promise_v to_o assist_v he_o with_o a_o considerable_a army_n which_o then_o lay_v ready_a in_o the_o province_n of_o 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this_o confederacy_n against_o licungzus_n be_v not_o so_o private_o carry_v but_o he_o have_v intelligence_n thereof_o but_o when_o the_o news_n be_v bring_v he_o that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o join_v but_o upon_o their_o march_n against_o he_o it_o strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o robber_n that_o he_o present_o quit_v the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n not_o dare_v to_o stay_v or_o abide_v their_o come_n and_o flee_v into_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la for_o safety_n take_v with_o he_o all_o that_o be_v of_o value_n and_o seat_v himself_o in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o sigan_n former_o the_o court_n of_o the_o ancient_a emperor_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o treasure_n that_o be_v carry_v out_o of_o peking_n by_o this_o fly_a tyrant_n and_o his_o follower_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o seven_o or_o eight_o day_n be_v spend_v whole_o about_o load_v of_o wagon_n and_o horse_n with_o the_o same_o and_o yet_o they_o leave_v great_a store_n 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have_v wage_v war_n and_o fight_v so_o many_o bloody_a battle_n for_o many_o age_n and_o although_o at_o this_o time_n which_o be_v at_o the_o very_a first_o entrance_n the_o tartar_n king_n zungteus_n happen_v to_o die_v yet_o which_o be_v very_o observable_a they_o be_v not_o thereby_o deter_v from_o pursue_v their_o design_v conquest_n but_o endeavour_v both_o by_o cunning_a and_o policy_n to_o win_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o chineses_n to_o affect_v they_o for_o though_o the_o death_n of_o zungteus_n give_v a_o little_a check_n to_o their_o affair_n yet_o through_o his_o good_a conduct_n while_o he_o live_v he_o have_v open_v such_o a_o way_n for_o they_o that_o they_o easy_o see_v in_o what_o method_n to_o proceed_v for_o the_o gain_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n who_o be_v but_o six_o year_n old_a who_o he_o declare_v his_o successor_n upon_o his_o deathbed_n enjoin_v and_o conjure_v his_o own_o brother_n prudent_o to_o supervise_v and_o 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between_o we_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o we_o to_o come_v timely_a enough_o to_o your_o assistance_n wherefore_o we_o judge_v it_o better_o for_o we_o now_o we_o be_v here_o and_o before_o our_o departure_n whole_o to_o destroy_v these_o plunderer_n and_o then_o all_o be_v in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n your_o new_a choose_a prince_n for_o the_o future_a will_v be_v free_v from_o any_o new_a trouble_n as_o to_o your_o promise_n never_o think_v of_o they_o for_o they_o be_v as_o well_o perform_v by_o you_o as_o by_o we_o but_o if_o your_o intention_n aim_v at_o the_o public_a good_a march_v with_o a_o potent_a army_n against_o licungzus_n and_o force_v he_o to_o leave_v that_o city_n while_o we_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n will_v endeavour_v to_o drive_v the_o other_o robber_n out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n and_o in_o the_o do_n of_o this_o the_o whole_a empire_n will_v be_v settle_v in_o peace_n usanguejus_n who_o either_o do_v not_o perceive_v the_o craftiness_n of_o the_o tartar_n of_o else_o dissemble_v his_o knowledge_n on_o purpose_n at_o present_a not_o to_o provoke_v he_o agree_v at_o last_o to_o his_o proposal_n and_o permit_v he_o with_o his_o force_n to_o continue_v in_o china_n but_o the_o tartar_n in_o pursuance_n of_o their_o long_a intend_a design_n before_o they_o begin_v their_o march_n at_o the_o request_n of_o usanguejus_n with_o their_o army_n into_o china_n to_o drive_v out_o licungzus_n have_v send_v into_o their_o own_o country_n to_o raise_v a_o mighty_a army_n with_o all_o speed_n for_o the_o conquest_n thereof_o yet_o the_o better_a to_o palliate_v their_o practice_n they_o use_v no_o force_n against_o the_o chinese_n but_o keep_v they_o in_o hand_n with_o kind_n and_o crafty_a language_n till_o they_o have_v get_v their_o force_n out_o of_o tartary_n who_o bring_v with_o they_o their_o young_a king_n of_o six_o year_n old_a call_v xunteus_fw-la whereby_o they_o first_o give_v to_o understand_v that_o they_o aim_v at_o the_o sovereignty_n for_o no_o soon_o be_v their_o new-raised_a potent_a army_n arrive_v but_o they_o proclaim_v this_o young_a child_n emperor_n of_o china_n give_v he_o the_o name_n of_o xunchi_n and_o entitle_v his_o race_n taicung_n this_o child_n who_o yet_o live_v and_o reign_v in_o china_n and_o be_v now_o about_o twenty_o nine_o year_n of_o age_n be_v place_v with_o great_a majesty_n in_o the_o ancient_a imperial_a throne_n through_o the_o good_a conduct_n of_o his_o uncle_n and_o near_a relation_n who_o prove_v very_o faithful_a to_o he_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o sole_a management_n of_o all_o affair_n and_o of_o so_o great_a courage_n and_o valour_n civil_a love_a and_o just_a deportment_n that_o they_o win_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o chinese_n upon_o the_o very_a day_n of_o this_o new_a emperor_n instalment_n there_o be_v send_v in_o his_o name_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o uncle_n a_o regiment_n or_o two_o of_o tartar_n to_o usanguejus_n who_o be_v upon_o his_o march_n towards_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la to_o fight_v with_o licungzus_n with_o seal_a letter_n whereby_o he_o be_v constitute_v king_n pingsi_n which_o signify_v a_o pacifier_n of_o the_o west_n the_o chief_a city_n sigan_n order_v to_o be_v his_o court_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v pay_v some_o yearly_a tribute_n in_o token_n of_o his_o obedience_n this_o policy_n do_v the_o guardian_n of_o the_o young_a emperor_n use_v to_o satisfy_v and_o gain_v usanguejus_n to_o their_o party_n for_o they_o know_v very_o well_o that_o the_o interest_n which_o he_o have_v in_o china_n be_v sufficient_a to_o embroil_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o involve_v they_o in_o new_a trouble_n usanguejus_n who_o can_v never_o expect_v the_o like_a preferment_n from_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n consider_v that_o all_o the_o last_o emperor_n child_n be_v dead_a and_o see_v the_o tartar_n upon_o their_o march_n
whatsoever_o they_o find_v upon_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n no_o place_n be_v able_a to_o withstand_v they_o only_o the_o rich_a and_o famous_a city_n of_o jangcheu_fw-la make_v some_o considerable_a resistance_n and_o kill_v many_o of_o the_o tartar_n in_o their_o sally_n among_o who_o be_v a_o son_n of_o one_o of_o their_o petty_a king_n this_o city_n be_v command_v by_o one_o zuus_fw-la colaus_n place_v there_o by_o the_o new_a emperor_n to_o who_o he_o prove_v very_o faithful_a for_o he_o defend_v the_o place_n wherein_o be_v a_o strong_a garrison_n to_o the_o very_a last_o yet_o have_v endure_v a_o long_a and_o cruel_a siege_n and_o see_v no_o likelihood_n of_o relief_n the_o provision_n also_o be_v all_o spend_v he_o be_v force_v to_o deliver_v it_o up_o to_o the_o tartar_n who_o put_v all_o as_o well_o the_o soldier_n as_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n plunder_v the_o city_n and_o afterward_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n the_o tartar_n hereupon_o increase_v very_o much_o in_o power_n and_o authority_n so_o that_o many_o of_o the_o chinese_n commander_n go_v over_o to_o they_o and_o be_v either_o continue_v in_o their_o present_a employment_n or_o else_o prefer_v to_o better_a which_o friendly_a and_o favourable_a treat_v such_o officer_n and_o city_n as_o come_v voluntary_o and_o without_o force_n over_o to_o they_o and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n inflict_v such_o great_a severity_n and_o cruelty_n on_o such_o as_o make_v opposition_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o most_o of_o the_o place_n situate_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n submit_v themselves_o to_o avoid_v the_o punishment_n and_o misusage_n which_o they_o shall_v otherwise_o undergo_v by_o make_v opposition_n have_v subdue_v these_o place_n the_o next_o thing_n they_o undertake_v be_v against_o the_o city_n of_o nank_v former_o the_o court_n of_o the_o ancient_a emperor_n a_o stately_a city_n lie_v upon_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n which_o separate_v the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n into_o the_o southern_a and_o northern_a division_n and_o run_v quite_o through_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o province_n and_o the_o better_a to_o accomplish_v their_o design_n and_o to_o get_v the_o new_a emperor_n into_o their_o hand_n who_o they_o know_v be_v in_o this_o place_n the_o tartar_n provide_v beforehand_o great_a number_n of_o boat_n to_o transport_v they_o over_o the_o river_n but_o the_o chinese_n have_v likewise_o a_o considerable_a fleet_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o valiant_a prince_n hoangchoang_v endeavour_v to_o hinder_v their_o passage_n the_o tartar_n in_o their_o boat_n fall_v upon_o the_o chinese_n fleet_n with_o great_a fury_n which_o be_v as_o manful_o receive_v and_o maintain_v the_o fight_n so_o that_o both_o side_n fight_v valiant_o but_o at_o last_o the_o tartar_n be_v vanquish_v and_o total_o rout_v with_o a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n of_o their_o men._n but_o fortune_n never_o constant_a but_o in_o her_o inconstancy_n do_v not_o long_o favour_v this_o brave_a general_n for_o a_o while_n after_o he_o be_v most_o treacherous_o kill_v by_o one_o of_o his_o commander_n a_o traitor_n who_o have_v long_o before_o be_v hire_v by_o the_o enemy_n to_o perpetrate_v this_o villainy_n one_o thienus_n a_o native_a of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n who_o from_o his_o very_a childhood_n have_v serve_v among_o the_o chinese_n and_o as_o this_o act_n in_o itself_o be_v direful_a so_o the_o event_n that_o follow_v have_v a_o like_a miserable_a issue_n for_o through_o the_o unfortunate_a death_n of_o this_o excellent_a commander_n the_o chinese_n affair_n begin_v infinite_o to_o decline_v and_o the_o whole_a empire_n become_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o tartar_n in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o the_o traitor_n thienus_n not_o satisfy_v in_o have_v commit_v this_o foul_a action_n but_o resolve_v to_o add_v villainy_n to_o villainy_n fly_v with_o his_o man_n into_o nank_v under_o colour_n of_o perform_v his_o duty_n as_o a_o faithful_a officer_n but_o in_o truth_n with_o hope_n to_o effect_v some_o other_o treason_n as_o he_o afterward_o do_v for_o the_o emperor_n hear_v of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o late_a general_n be_v persuade_v by_o this_o thienus_n to_o leave_v the_o city_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v get_v over_o the_o river_n with_o their_o army_n understand_v that_o the_o emperor_n be_v flee_v they_o send_v great_a party_n in_o pursuit_n of_o he_o who_o the_o traitor_n be_v present_a see_v approach_n command_v his_o man_n to_o seize_v he_o and_o then_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o the_o tartar_n in_o july_n 1645._o who_o now_o have_v obtain_v what_o they_o aim_v at_o do_v not_o present_o put_v he_o to_o death_n but_o carry_v he_o about_o in_o triumph_n and_o at_o length_n bring_v he_o under_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o peking_n there_o strangle_v he_o with_o a_o bowstring_n which_o manner_n of_o death_n be_v hold_v in_o great_a esteem_n among_o the_o tartar_n and_o thus_o the_o emperor_n hungquang_n come_v to_o his_o end_n before_o he_o have_v reign_v a_o complete_a year_n then_o they_o cause_v the_o youth_n who_o pretend_v himself_o to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o zungchinius_n and_o who_o they_o find_v in_o prison_n to_o be_v also_o strangle_v and_o not_o only_o these_o but_o all_o other_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o of_o the_o royal_a race_n for_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n through_o all_o asia_n that_o when_o a_o kingdom_n be_v take_v from_o another_o all_o the_o kindred_n of_o that_o king_n be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o conqueror_n these_o thing_n thus_o bring_v to_o pass_v the_o tartar_n army_n fall_v upon_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o nank_v and_o take_v the_o same_o without_o any_o resistance_n or_o so_o much_o as_o â—_o blow_v give_v and_o out_o of_o a_o innate_a hatred_n turn_v the_o imperial_a palace_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o emperor_n court_n and_o also_o their_o tomb_n and_o sepulcher_n into_o a_o heap_n of_o stone_n yet_o never_o offer_v any_o hurt_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n house_n march_v thence_o they_o reduce_v all_o the_o other_o city_n of_o this_o province_n without_o any_o opposition_n they_o free_o submit_v to_o avoid_v their_o cruelty_n this_o province_n thus_o settle_v part_n of_o their_o army_n be_v send_v for_o hangcheu_fw-la the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o chekiang_n and_o the_o other_o part_n march_v over_o the_o river_n kiang_n to_o subdue_v the_o southern_a country_n as_o kiangsi_n huquang_n and_o quantung_v about_o this_o city_n be_v get_v together_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o chinese_n army_n that_o have_v save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n where_o they_o be_v about_o to_o choose_v a_o new_a emperor_n call_v lovangus_n of_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n but_o he_o earnest_o refuse_v to_o take_v upon_o he_o that_o dignity_n be_v content_v with_o the_o kingly_a title_n say_v that_o when_o the_o tartar_n be_v beat_v and_o drive_v out_o of_o china_n than_o he_o will_v accept_v of_o it_o his_o reign_n have_v not_o continue_v three_o day_n but_o he_o see_v the_o tartar_n come_v to_o fight_n with_o he_o and_o to_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o he_o not_o fright_v therewith_o be_v a_o valiant_a prince_n encourage_v his_o man_n to_o make_v a_o manly_a resistance_n which_o they_o not_o only_o promise_v but_o faithful_o perform_v behave_v themselves_o with_o great_a valour_n and_o fidelity_n till_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v out_o any_o long_o be_v overpower_v by_o hunger_n whereupon_o lovangus_n who_o have_v not_o his_o fellow_n among_o the_o chinese_n for_o civility_n and_o a_o passionate_a affection_n to_o his_o subject_n go_v to_o the_o wall_n and_o entreat_v the_o tartar_n general_n upon_o his_o knee_n that_o if_o he_o will_v forgive_v the_o city_n and_o inhabitant_n he_o shall_v do_v with_o he_o what_o he_o will_v for_o he_o will_v willing_o offer_v up_o himself_o a_o sacrifice_n for_o his_o subject_n safety_n which_o say_v he_o forthwith_o deliver_v himself_o free_o over_o to_o the_o tartar_n who_o by_o that_o mean_n become_v master_n of_o the_o city_n yet_o be_v enrage_v by_o their_o resistance_n they_o neither_o have_v compassion_n on_o the_o soldier_n nor_o inhabitant_n but_o put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n who_o can_v not_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n after_o this_o the_o enemy_n take_v the_o city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la without_o do_v any_o prejudice_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o and_o from_o thence_o by_o the_o help_n of_o boat_n pass_v the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi they_o come_v before_o xaok_v the_o most_o complete_a and_o uniform_a city_n of_o all_o china_n which_o present_o submit_v to_o their_o arm_n without_o make_v the_o least_o resistance_n and_o without_o doubt_n they_o have_v take_v all_o the_o other_o southern_a city_n without_o any_o opposition_n have_v they_o
not_o set_v forth_o a_o edict_n thereby_o command_v every_o person_n to_o cut_v his_o hair_n after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n upon_o the_o first_o hear_v of_o which_o the_o chinese_n commander_n and_o inhabitant_n who_o have_v as_o much_o love_n for_o their_o hair_n as_o their_o country_n begin_v to_o fly_v to_o their_o arm_n with_o a_o resolution_n to_o fight_v for_o their_o hair_n which_o they_o do_v with_o such_o valour_n and_o courage_n that_o they_o beat_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o the_o city_n of_o xaok_v force_v they_o to_o fly_v over_o the_o river_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o of_o their_o man_n and_o doubtless_o if_o at_o this_o time_n they_o have_v pursue_v they_o may_v have_v regain_v those_o place_n they_o have_v lose_v but_o be_v satisfy_v in_o their_o mind_n that_o they_o have_v thus_o preserve_v their_o hair_n they_o cease_v to_o pursue_v their_o victory_n only_o make_v resistance_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o river_n where_o they_o so_o fortify_v themselves_o with_o the_o raise_n bulwark_n and_o fort_n that_o the_o tartar_n desist_v for_o a_o whole_a year_n without_o make_v any_o considerable_a attempt_n the_o people_n have_v unfortunate_o lose_v their_o faithful_a and_o too_o zealous_o love_v prince_n lovangus_n endeavour_v to_o make_v another_o head_n over_o they_o and_o to_o create_v one_o lu._n of_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n emperor_n but_o he_o likewise_o refuse_v the_o imperial_a title_n only_o take_v upon_o he_o that_o of_o restorer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o tartar_n find_v their_o army_n much_o weaken_v by_o the_o great_a number_n of_o man_n they_o have_v lose_v in_o several_a battle_n so_o that_o they_o be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o effect_v any_o considerable_a design_n send_v for_o fresh_a man_n from_o peking_n to_o reinforce_v their_o troop_n wherewith_o they_o endeavour_v to_o pass_v the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi but_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o force_n and_o policy_n they_o can_v use_v be_v not_o able_a to_o accomplish_v it_o and_o thus_o the_o chineses_n begin_v by_o degree_n to_o recover_v their_o lose_a country_n which_o have_v undoubted_o have_v very_o prosperous_o succeed_v if_o a_o unfortunate_a accident_n have_v not_o happen_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n which_o prevent_v it_o the_o story_n thus_o the_o soldiery_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n that_o be_v flee_v out_o of_o chekiang_n have_v with_o they_o one_o of_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n who_o they_o proclaim_v emperor_n in_o the_o same_o province_n which_o border_n upon_o that_o of_o chekiang_n this_o prince_n be_v of_o a_o lofty_a and_o ambitious_a nature_n and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v himself_o within_o bound_n send_v some_o to_o persuade_v king_n lu._n to_o renounce_v his_o sovereignty_n to_o lay_v down_o his_o government_n and_o quit_v the_o title_n of_o restorer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n allege_v that_o he_o have_v but_o few_o city_n and_o be_v not_o so_o near_o ally_v to_o the_o former_a emperor_n as_o himself_o lu._n argue_v on_o the_o other_o hand_n that_o he_o have_v the_o priority_n of_o title_n by_o the_o election_n and_o submission_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o his_o conquest_n sufficient_o show_v the_o love_n he_o bear_v and_o the_o service_n he_o have_v do_v his_o country_n the_o tartar_n be_v not_o a_o little_a overjoy_v at_o these_o division_n which_o give_v they_o a_o opportunity_n to_o work_v their_o end_n by_o reduce_v the_o whole_a empire_n under_o their_o power_n for_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o reconcile_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o two_o new_a king_n so_o as_o they_o may_v join_v their_o force_n against_o the_o tartar_n each_o of_o they_o still_o endeavour_v what_o he_o can_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o other_o and_o in_o regard_n lu._n have_v but_o eight_o city_n under_o his_o command_n which_o be_v not_o able_a to_o maintain_v a_o army_n sufficient_a to_o grapple_v with_o the_o tartar_n he_o only_o stand_v upon_o the_o defensive_a part_n and_o never_o dare_v venture_v over_o the_o river_n the_o tartar_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n labour_v with_o their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o get_v over_o the_o river_n but_o with_o ship_n they_o dare_v not_o attempt_v understand_v very_o well_o that_o lu._n have_v sufficient_a to_o oppose_v notwithstanding_o which_o fortune_n too_o much_o favour_v the_o tartar_n in_o their_o undertake_n it_o happen_v this_o year_n to_o be_v a_o very_a hot_a and_o dry_a summer_n so_o that_o the_o river_n on_o the_o southside_n be_v thereby_o grow_v shallow_a of_o which_o they_o by_o the_o information_n of_o some_o treacherous_a chineses_n have_v intelligence_n find_v out_o a_o fordable_a place_n for_o their_o horse_n whereof_o a_o few_o only_o be_v get_v over_o give_v present_o sudden_a alarm_n to_o the_o country_n that_o so_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o flee_v and_o leave_v all_o to_o save_v their_o life_n lu._n himself_o be_v so_o surprise_v at_o the_o news_n that_o he_o abandon_v the_o city_n xaok_v and_o flee_v into_o the_o island_n cheuxan_n situate_v over_o against_o ningpo_n the_o nine_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n where_o he_o live_v several_a year_n after_o this_o island_n never_o inhabit_v before_o but_o by_o a_o company_n of_o poor_a fisherman_n and_o peasant_n be_v now_o through_o the_o concourse_n of_o the_o chinese_n flee_v thither_o to_o aid_v this_o lu._n as_o the_o protector_n of_o their_o hair_n grow_v to_o be_v so_o great_a and_o powerful_a a_o kingdom_n that_o there_o be_v reckon_v in_o the_o same_o seventy_o two_o city_n the_o chinese_n and_o their_o protector_n be_v thus_o flee_v the_o tartar_n conquer_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n of_o the_o province_n without_o meet_v with_o any_o opposition_n only_o the_o city_n of_o kinhoa_n whereof_o the_o tutang_n be_v governor_n do_v withstand_v for_o some_o month_n their_o victorious_a arm_n for_o the_o governor_n be_v resolve_v to_o quit_v himself_o with_o courage_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o country_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o his_o valour_n and_o resolution_n at_o last_o the_o tartar_n have_v plant_v some_o great_a gun_n before_o the_o city_n they_o make_v a_o large_a breach_n in_o the_o wall_n at_o which_o they_o enter_v and_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n insomuch_o that_o they_o leave_v not_o one_o house_n stand_v the_o governor_n himself_o to_o prevent_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o enemy_n cause_v himself_o and_o his_o family_n to_o be_v blow_v up_o with_o power_n in_o his_o palace_n one_o of_o the_o same_o three_o army_n be_v already_o upon_o its_o march_n in_o order_n to_o the_o subdue_a the_o province_n of_o fokien_n but_o be_v in_o no_o small_a trouble_n where_o to_o begin_v the_o same_o to_o their_o own_o least_o prejudice_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o hindrance_n give_v to_o they_o by_o the_o steep_a hill_n and_o mountain_n which_o lie_v at_o the_o entrance_n into_o this_o province_n for_o between_o fokien_n and_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n kiangsi_n and_o chekiang_n lie_v a_o row_n of_o inaccessible_a rock_n and_o mountain_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o the_o other_o three_o and_o to_o get_v over_o the_o same_o be_v not_o only_o a_o troublesome_a but_o tedious_a journey_n of_o three_o day_n so_o that_o it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o very_a easy_a matter_n to_o the_o chineses_n to_o have_v hinder_v at_o least_o if_o not_o stop_v the_o tartar_n in_o their_o march_n through_o these_o mountain_n if_o they_o have_v guard_v the_o same_o but_o with_o a_o few_o peasant_n but_o they_o be_v so_o fright_v and_o amaze_v at_o the_o come_n of_o the_o tartar_n that_o they_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o mountain_n upon_o their_o first_o approach_n so_o that_o at_o last_o though_o with_o infinite_a trouble_n they_o get_v over_o they_o into_o fokien_n which_o they_o subdue_v in_o a_o short_a time_n and_o for_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v little_a or_o no_o opposition_n the_o tartar_n be_v favourable_a unto_o they_o this_o do_v and_o have_v reinforce_v their_o army_n they_o march_v to_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n through_o those_o of_o huquang_n and_o kiangsi_n whither_o be_v come_v and_o attaque_a the_o chief_a city_n thereof_o they_o soon_o lay_v it_o whole_o waste_v because_o it_o have_v make_v some_o opposition_n against_o they_o move_v by_o the_o terror_n of_o who_o example_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n not_o dare_v to_o stand_v out_o submit_v at_o first_o summons_n these_o province_n thus_o bring_v under_o a_o army_n be_v send_v for_o peking_n with_o order_n to_o settle_v in_o each_o city_n a_o strong_a garrison_n and_o magistrate_n over_o both_o civil_a and_o military_a affair_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o tartar_n emperor_n but_o there_o be_v some_o that_o give_v another_o reason_n how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o tartar_n happen_v to_o master_n the_o province_n of_o fokien_n with_o so_o little_a
trouble_n about_o this_o time_n there_o appear_v a_o famous_a pirate_n a_o native_a of_o fokien_n by_o name_n chinchilung_v but_o foreiner_n call_v he_o iquon_n this_o person_n in_o his_o youth_n well_o know_v to_o the_o hollander_n and_o spaniard_n be_v but_o of_o mean_a extraction_n serve_v the_o portuguese_n first_o of_o all_o in_o maccao_n in_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o servant_n and_o afterward_o the_o hollander_n in_o the_o island_n of_o formosa_fw-la but_o be_v of_o a_o aspire_a and_o ambitious_a mind_n can_v not_o brook_v to_o live_v under_o so_o much_o subjection_n wherefore_o retire_v from_o they_o by_o specious_a pretence_n he_o draw_v in_o a_o great_a many_o innocent_a creature_n to_o take_v part_n with_o he_o by_o who_o help_n and_o with_o a_o few_o ship_n he_o have_v make_v shift_n to_o get_v together_o he_o turn_v pirate_n in_o which_o way_n after_o a_o while_n have_v make_v some_o considerable_a gain_n he_o increase_v very_o much_o in_o ship_n at_o last_o grow_v so_o strong_a therein_o that_o he_o far_o exceed_v the_o chinese_n emperor_n both_o in_o naval_a force_n and_o wealth_n for_o he_o draw_v the_o whole_a trade_n of_o india_n to_o himself_o traffic_v with_o the_o spaniard_n upon_o the_o philippine_n island_n with_o the_o hollander_n upon_o formosa_fw-la and_o in_o new_a batavia_n and_o with_o the_o portuguese_a in_o maccao_n he_o drive_v likewise_o a_o very_a great_a trade_n with_o those_o of_o japan_n and_o other_o kingdom_n and_o island_n situate_v in_o the_o great_a indian_a sea_n so_o that_o in_o truth_n he_o alone_o be_v able_a to_o export_v by_o his_o power_n man_n and_o ship_n the_o chinese_n commodity_n out_o of_o that_o empire_n and_o to_o import_n back_o into_o the_o same_o the_o commodity_n of_o europe_n of_o which_o the_o emperor_n take_v notice_n after_o a_o long_a war_n that_o have_v be_v between_o they_o at_o length_n a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v by_o which_o in_o a_o small_a time_n he_o grow_v so_o very_o potent_a in_o ship_n that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o set_v forth_o a_o fleet_n of_o three_o thousand_o ship_n and_o now_o success_n imp_a the_o wing_n of_o this_o pyrat_n ambitious_a thought_n he_o be_v not_o content_v with_o this_o petty_a greatness_n but_o aspire_v at_o the_o crown_n but_o in_o regard_n he_o know_v it_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o effect_v any_o thing_n so_o long_o as_o any_o of_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n be_v remain_v for_o neither_o the_o commonalty_n nor_o soldiery_n show_v any_o respect_n towards_o he_o he_o conceive_v some_o hope_n that_o with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o tartar_n it_o will_v not_o be_v hard_o for_o he_o to_o extirpate_v that_o family_n and_o so_o make_v the_o way_n easy_a to_o his_o own_o advancement_n wherefore_o he_o resolve_v under_o the_o cloak_n of_o virtue_n and_o by_o that_o delusion_n to_o draw_v the_o great_a number_n to_o follow_v he_o to_o march_v against_o the_o tartar_n as_o the_o common_a enemy_n and_o undoubted_o have_v not_o this_o treason_n be_v foresee_v under_o that_o pretence_n all_o the_o chineses_n will_v have_v join_v with_o he_o and_o look_v upon_o he_o as_o the_o restorer_n of_o their_o country_n but_o notwithstanding_o this_o fair_a pretext_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o contract_v underhand_o a_o confederacy_n with_o the_o tartar_n promise_v to_o give_v they_o the_o best_a assistance_n he_o be_v able_a as_o indeed_o it_o do_v appear_v he_o do_v by_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o story_n for_o this_o traitor_n iquon_n when_o the_o tartar_n fall_v into_o fokien_n be_v make_v by_o lunguvus_fw-la general_n of_o his_o whole_a army_n by_o which_o mean_v have_v get_v the_o power_n into_o his_o hand_n he_o suffer_v the_o tartar_n unresisted_a to_o come_v into_o the_o same_o so_o that_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n why_o the_o tartar_n afterward_o confer_v upon_o he_o the_o royal_a dignity_n and_o give_v he_o the_o title_n of_o king_n pingnan_n which_o signify_v one_o that_o settle_v the_o west_n in_o peace_n yet_o notwithstanding_o this_o service_n by_o he_o do_v to_o they_o they_o do_v but_o temporize_v to_o lull_v he_o into_o security_n be_v jealous_a of_o his_o great_a force_n by_o sea_n and_o suspect_v that_o he_o aspire_v after_o the_o royal_a diadem_n now_o true_a and_o most_o certain_a it_o be_v although_o the_o tartar_n know_v this_o very_a well_o yet_o never_o dare_v they_o act_v any_o thing_n against_o he_o with_o force_n but_o always_o court_v he_o and_o make_v he_o believe_v that_o they_o will_v give_v he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n and_o quantung_v iquon_n find_v himself_o in_o such_o high_a esteem_n among_o the_o tartar_n doubt_v not_o at_o all_o but_o that_o he_o shall_v at_o least_o keep_v the_o government_n of_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o see_v the_o inconstancy_n of_o humane_a affair_n for_o he_o be_v very_o much_o deceive_v in_o his_o expectation_n and_o clear_o out-witted_n for_o when_o the_o tartar_n viceroy_n of_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n have_v resolve_v to_o go_v for_o peking_n it_o be_v a_o custom_n for_o all_o the_o commander_n to_o come_v and_o take_v leave_n of_o he_o and_o to_o wish_v he_o a_o good_a journey_n according_a to_o which_o iquon_n who_o suspect_v no_o mischief_n towards_o he_o conclude_v in_o himself_o to_o do_v the_o like_a honour_n to_o this_o petty_a king_n and_o thereupon_o depart_v from_o his_o fleet_n which_o he_o leave_v in_o the_o harbour_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o focheu_fw-la he_o go_v thither_o and_o join_v with_o the_o company_n to_o conduct_v the_o king_n some_o part_n of_o his_o way_n but_o when_o he_o come_v to_o take_v leave_n the_o king_n earnest_o desire_v he_o to_o bear_v he_o company_n quite_o through_o to_o peking_n promise_v to_o do_v he_o great_a honour_n upon_o his_o arrival_n there_o for_o such_o his_o favour_n iquon_n now_o too_o late_o begin_v to_o grow_v jealous_a endeavour_v by_o all_o the_o most_o plausible_a allegation_n imaginable_a to_o excuse_v himself_o but_o the_o king_n will_v admit_v of_o no_o denial_n and_o thus_o this_o famous_a pirate_n be_v easy_o take_v in_o a_o net_n by_o subtlety_n who_o be_v not_o to_o be_v meddle_v with_o or_o overcome_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n for_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v at_o peking_n but_o he_o be_v cast_v into_o prison_n where_o he_o lie_v sometime_o in_o captivity_n and_o be_v afterward_o not_o public_o execute_v but_o make_v away_o by_o poison_n his_o son_n and_o brother_n when_o they_o hear_v of_o his_o imprisonment_n quick_o go_v aboard_o their_o fleet_n wherewith_o since_o that_o time_n they_o have_v do_v very_o great_a damage_n and_o still_o continue_v their_o piracy_n to_o this_o day_n in_o the_o interim_n the_o other_o army_n which_o be_v get_v through_o the_o island_n quarter_n into_o quantung_n be_v from_o thence_o upon_o their_o march_n for_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n to_o reduce_v the_o same_o likewise_o under_o their_o power_n but_o in_o this_o undertake_n their_o force_n be_v often_o worsted_n by_o the_o chinese_n who_o make_v the_o great_a opposition_n where_o it_o be_v least_o expect_v at_o that_o time_n one_o khiu_n thomas_n who_o be_v baptise_a by_o the_o jesuit_n and_o have_v embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n be_v viceroy_n of_o the_o same_o province_n and_o one_o ching_n lucus_n be_v general_n over_o the_o militia_n these_o two_o warrior_n and_o valiant_a commander_n have_v get_v together_o a_o very_a great_a army_n fall_v so_o furious_o upon_o the_o tartar_n that_o they_o not_o only_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o field_n but_o also_o retook_a such_o place_n as_o they_o have_v win_v towards_o the_o west_n prosperity_n seem_v thus_o to_o begin_v to_o smile_v these_o valiant_a chineses_n willing_a to_o show_v they_o be_v not_o ambitious_a make_v one_o junglieu_n emperor_n one_o of_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n be_v a_o grandchild_n of_o the_o emperor_n vanlieus_n he_o keep_v his_o court_n at_o first_o in_o queilin_n the_o principal_a chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n hope_v thereby_o to_o draw_v other_o chineses_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o tartar_n but_o soon_o after_o he_o go_v and_o remove_v his_o court_n to_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o chat_a in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n where_o continue_v he_o get_v the_o better_a of_o the_o tartar_n in_o several_a battle_n but_o the_o ill_a fate_n of_o the_o empire_n divert_v his_o good_a fortune_n so_o that_o he_o do_v not_o continue_v successful_a any_o long_a time_n but_o be_v quick_o overcome_v and_o drive_v out_o of_o quangsi_n and_o quantung_n and_o from_o thence_o constrain_v to_o fly_v to_o the_o frontier_n of_o tungk_v no_o soon_o be_v the_o viceroy_n of_o fokien_n upon_o his_o journey_n to_o peking_n with_o iquon_n but_o it_o seem_v as_o if_o the_o people_n of_o that_o province_n and_o quangsi_n
have_v take_v fresh_a courage_n there_o happen_v a_o very_a great_a and_o sudden_a alteration_n in_o the_o tartar_a affair_n for_o one_o vangus_n a_o priest_n who_o have_v former_o be_v a_o commander_n in_o the_o army_n set_v the_o whole_a country_n in_o a_o uproar_n and_o have_v raise_v a_o great_a number_n of_o man_n and_o model_v they_o into_o a_o army_n he_o go_v and_o take_v the_o city_n of_o kien_v with_o several_a other_o place_n and_o put_v all_o the_o tartar_n therein_o to_o the_o sword_n which_o good_a success_n immediate_o cause_v such_o chineses_n as_o have_v former_o flee_v into_o the_o mountain_n for_o safety_n to_o come_v down_o and_o join_v with_o he_o to_o help_v to_o recover_v their_o country_n at_o the_o same_o time_n one_o changus_n by_o name_n and_o a_o tartar_n bear_v be_v viceroy_n of_o two_o province_n have_v the_o command_n likewise_o of_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n who_o hear_v of_o the_o insurrection_n in_o fokien_n march_v immediate_o thither_o with_o his_o army_n and_o find_v no_o opposition_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o mountain_n where_o he_o suppose_v the_o chineses_n will_v have_v block_v up_o his_o passage_n which_o a_o few_o force_n will_v easy_o have_v do_v he_o cry_v out_o with_o a_o loud_a voice_n the_o day_n be_v my_o 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o rebel_n be_v flee_v so_o march_v over_o the_o mountain_n without_o any_o opposition_n he_o lay_v siege_n immediate_o to_o the_o city_n of_o kienning_n into_o which_o the_o priest_n vangus_n be_v retreat_v with_o most_o of_o his_o army_n the_o city_n endure_v a_o long_a siege_n for_o several_a month_n and_o be_v of_o such_o strength_n that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v take_v by_o storm_n which_o have_v be_v often_o attempt_v by_o the_o besieger_n to_o their_o great_a damage_n and_o loss_n of_o man_n wherefore_o at_o last_o they_o resolve_v to_o get_v it_o by_o famine_n rather_o than_o lose_v any_o more_o man_n by_o storm_v whereby_o he_o have_v already_o very_o much_o weaken_v his_o army_n but_o that_o be_v recruit_v with_o fresh_a man_n from_o peking_n and_o have_v make_v a_o considerable_a breach_n in_o the_o wall_n by_o their_o ordnance_n they_o resolve_v to_o storm_n it_o once_o more_o and_o the_o success_n answer_v their_o desire_n for_o the_o commander_n within_o the_o place_n be_v divide_v among_o themselves_o there_o be_v not_o such_o care_n take_v as_o aught_o to_o have_v be_v for_o the_o resist_n of_o the_o assault_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o besieger_n get_v in_o at_o the_o breach_n immediate_o cut_v out_o their_o way_n and_o put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n neither_o man_n woman_n nor_o child_n except_v so_o that_o dirum_fw-la dictu_fw-la there_o be_v kill_v in_o and_o before_o this_o city_n above_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o people_n and_o the_o city_n itself_o afterward_o total_o destroy_v and_o not_o one_o stone_n leave_v stand_v upon_o another_o after_o the_o dreadful_a destruction_n of_o this_o city_n the_o whole_a province_n of_o fokien_n submit_v to_o 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much_o resemble_v the_o tartar_n in_o their_o custom_n and_o manner_n and_o therefore_o put_v a_o very_a great_a confidence_n in_o the_o inhabitant_n mind_v the_o same_o say_v to_o the_o other_o governor_n do_v not_o this_o habit_n show_v much_o better_a than_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n the_o other_o answer_v nothing_o at_o present_a yet_o think_v himself_o oblige_v in_o duty_n to_o acquaint_v the_o emperor_n by_o letter_n with_o this_o say_v for_o he_o fancy_v that_o by_o these_o word_n kinus_n be_v design_v some_o novelty_n in_o his_o head_n to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o imagine_v he_o bear_v the_o great_a affection_n to_o those_o who_o habit_n he_o chief_o commend_v kinus_n who_o want_v neither_o courage_n nor_o ingenuity_n have_v bribe_v the_o secretary_n of_o this_o governor_n by_o who_o he_o be_v inform_v from_o time_n to_o time_n of_o all_o be_v write_v to_o the_o emperor_n against_o he_o and_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o content_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a letter_n he_o go_v immediate_o with_o a_o company_n of_o soldier_n into_o the_o governor_n court_n and_o there_o kill_v he_o on_o a_o sudden_a before_o he_o be_v aware_a have_v do_v this_o he_o fall_v off_o from_o the_o tartar_n with_o the_o whole_a province_n of_o kiangsi_n and_o declare_v for_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n junglieus_n at_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v not_o a_o little_a overjoy_v only_o the_o city_n of_o cancheu_fw-la which_o be_v command_v and_o govern_v by_o a_o very_a faithful_a tartar_n be_v not_o to_o be_v bring_v over_o to_o countenance_v the_o revolt_n which_o happen_v very_o well_o for_o the_o tartar_n for_o the_o stand_v out_o of_o this_o single_a place_n alone_o be_v of_o such_o consequence_n that_o the_o tartar_n as_o i_o shall_v relate_v hereafter_o do_v victorious_o recover_v the_o whole_a province_n of_o kiangsi_n and_o quantung_n and_o bring_v they_o once_o more_o under_o subjection_n the_o general_n of_o the_o militia_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n call_v licungzus_n be_v likewise_o at_o the_o same_o time_n revolt_v from_o the_o tartar_n and_o have_v deliver_v up_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n to_o the_o emperor_n junglieus_n who_o also_o the_o southern_a part_n own_a for_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n and_o for_o the_o better_a prosecution_n of_o the_o design_n against_o the_o tartar_n the_o general_n licungzus_n endeavour_v to_o join_v his_o force_n with_o those_o of_o kinus_n to_o fall_v both_o together_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n upon_o they_o and_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o undoubted_o have_v take_v effect_n according_o have_v not_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n cancheu_o hinder_v they_o for_o the_o same_o governor_n be_v no_o soon_o inform_v that_o licungzus_n be_v likewise_o revolt_v from_o the_o tartar_n and_o upon_o his_o march_n with_o his_o army_n but_o he_o send_v to_o he_o this_o deceitful_a and_o politic_a letter_n till_o now_o i_o will_v never_o submit_v to_o kinus_n because_o i_o can_v never_o believe_v that_o he_o will_v be_v able_a to_o withstand_v the_o force_n of_o the_o tartar_n but_o see_v that_o you_o most_o valiant_a prince_n also_o turn_v your_o arm_n against_o he_o i_o can_v conceive_v what_o safety_n and_o protection_n i_o can_v henceforward_o expect_v from_o he_o therefore_o i_o hold_v myself_o oblige_v to_o follow_v your_o standard_n and_o you_o shall_v no_o soon_o appear_v with_o your_o force_n before_o this_o city_n but_o i_o will_v deliver_v it_o up_o into_o your_o hand_n after_o the_o governor_n have_v dispatch_v away_o a_o express_a with_o this_o letter_n he_o send_v another_o to_o the_o general_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o lie_v with_o his_o force_n in_o the_o next_o province_n to_o fokien_n to_o assist_v he_o with_o what_o strength_n he_o can_v well_o spare_v which_o be_v send_v and_o by_o he_o convey_v into_o the_o city_n by_o night_n so_o that_o no_o notice_n can_v be_v take_v of_o his_o design_n licungzus_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o not_o suspect_v any_o treachery_n intend_v against_o he_o bold_o but_o careless_o go_v up_o to_o the_o city_n and_o find_v the_o gate_n thereof_o stand_v open_a so_o that_o without_o delay_n he_o enter_v and_o immediate_o find_v himself_o assault_v on_o all_o side_n by_o the_o tartar_n who_o lie_v in_o ambuscade_n wait_v for_o his_o come_n and_o be_v force_v to_o retreat_v with_o great_a loss_n licungzus_n himself_o as_o be_v suppose_v be_v kill_v in_o the_o fight_n because_o he_o be_v never_o hear_v of_o afterward_o this_o defeat_n bring_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o emperor_n junglieus_n into_o great_a disorder_n and_o confusion_n yet_o nevertheless_o kinus_n win_v afterward_o several_a battle_n for_o he_o against_o the_o tartar_n and_o when_o he_o hear_v of_o the_o defeat_n of_o licungzus_n go_v himself_o and_o beleaguer_v
the_o city_n of_o cancheu_fw-la but_o he_o have_v â—ot_n continue_v the_o siege_n many_o day_n before_o there_o be_v advice_n bring_v he_o of_o a_o new_a army_n of_o tartar_n send_v from_o peking_n to_o reduce_v the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n insomuch_o that_o kinus_n fear_v to_o fall_v into_o a_o noose_n break_v up_o his_o siege_n and_o march_v towards_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o kiangsi_n to_o defend_v and_o preserve_v the_o same_o from_o be_v overcome_v by_o the_o tartar_n at_o first_o indeed_o he_o fight_v with_o good_a success_n but_o at_o last_o find_v himself_o overpower_a he_o retreat_v for_o safety_n to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o nanchang_n which_o have_v suffer_v all_o the_o misery_n of_o a_o tedious_a siege_n be_v at_o last_o take_v but_o kinus_n escape_v alive_a out_o of_o it_o and_o get_v to_o the_o mountain_n as_o have_v be_v already_o relate_v at_o large_a this_o city_n thus_o subdue_v they_o be_v master_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n and_o put_v new_a garrison_n into_o most_o of_o the_o city_n and_o place_n of_o concern_v and_o so_o march_v back_o with_o their_o army_n in_o triumph_n to_o peking_n while_o these_o transaction_n be_v on_o foot_n very_o great_a preparation_n for_o war_n have_v be_v make_v in_o peking_n so_o that_o three_o new_a army_n be_v raise_v to_o reduce_v the_o province_n of_o quantung_n and_o other_o which_o still_o hold_v forth_o and_o take_v part_n with_o junglieus_n whereupon_o the_o guardian_n and_o uncle_n of_o the_o grand_a tartar_n cham_fw-mi call_v xunchi_n who_o now_o reign_v in_o china_n the_o better_a to_o reduce_v the_o southern_a province_n into_o subjection_n and_o rectify_v their_o disorder_n resolve_v to_o appoint_v some_o vice-roys_n over_o those_o province_n who_o be_v tartar_n by_o nation_n shall_v have_v absolute_a power_n only_o with_o obligation_n to_o pay_v tribute_n yearly_o to_o the_o emperor_n this_o counsel_n be_v immediate_o put_v in_o execution_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1649._o when_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n be_v full_a of_o uproar_n three_o vice-roys_n be_v send_v with_o three_o army_n which_o consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o tartar_n from_o peking_n the_o one_o be_v make_v viceroy_n of_o fokien_n the_o other_o of_o quantung_n and_o the_o three_o of_o quangsi_n with_o express_a order_n to_o endeavour_v joint_o the_o subdue_a reduce_v and_o total_a conquer_a of_o quantung_n and_o to_o drive_v the_o emperor_n junglieus_n out_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n hitherto_o we_o have_v only_o speak_v of_o what_o happen_v in_o the_o southern_a province_n concern_v the_o chinese_n revolt_v we_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o give_v a_o account_n how_o affair_n go_v in_o the_o northern_a province_n by_o which_o it_o will_v appear_v with_o how_o much_o zeal_n the_o chineses_n be_v concern_v for_o their_o liberty_n and_o the_o welfare_n of_o their_o country_n for_o the_o commander_n in_o chief_a over_o the_o northern_a province_n as_o well_o those_o that_o have_v the_o power_n over_o the_o civil_a as_o military_a affair_n plot_v together_o which_o way_n they_o shall_v drive_v out_o the_o tartar_n whereupon_o they_o raise_v as_o many_o force_n as_o they_o can_v private_o and_o choose_v one_o house_n to_o be_v their_o general_n who_o come_v to_o the_o army_n which_o he_o find_v to_o consist_v of_o about_o twenty_o five_o thousand_o man_n march_v therewith_o from_o among_o the_o mountain_n into_o the_o plain_a country_n whereupon_o many_o of_o the_o native_n perceive_v his_o strength_n come_v in_o to_o he_o and_o several_a city_n set_v open_v their_o gate_n and_o receive_v he_o and_o his_o army_n only_a xigan_n the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o xensi_fw-la withstand_v he_o be_v in_o truth_n compel_v thereto_o have_v a_o strong_a garrison_n of_o tartar_n in_o it_o beside_o the_o governor_n thereof_o have_v observe_v that_o the_o chineses_n make_v no_o resistance_n but_o rather_o free_o submit_v to_o he_o and_o fear_v lest_o the_o citizen_n may_v carry_v on_o some_o private_a design_n against_o he_o resolve_v to_o put_v to_o death_n all_o the_o chinese_n within_o the_o city_n which_o he_o have_v undoubted_o put_v in_o execution_n have_v he_o not_o be_v dissuade_v from_o it_o by_o one_o of_o the_o vice-roys_n yet_o still_o jealous_a of_o they_o and_o willing_a to_o prevent_v any_o conspiracy_n by_o they_o he_o forbid_v upon_o pain_n of_o death_n that_o any_o more_o than_o two_o chineses_n shall_v converse_v together_o at_o a_o time_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v walk_v the_o street_n in_o the_o night_n nor_o keep_v any_o arm_n in_o their_o house_n not_o yet_o satisfy_v with_o all_o this_o care_n but_o to_o be_v thorough_o inform_v of_o the_o force_n of_o house_n he_o send_v out_o spy_n to_o bring_v he_o intelligence_n of_o the_o strength_n and_o posture_n of_o the_o enemy_n at_o last_o house_n come_v with_o his_o army_n which_o now_o increase_v with_o the_o conflux_n of_o country_n people_n that_o shelter_v themselves_o there_o amount_v at_o least_o to_o the_o number_n of_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o and_o besiege_a xigan_n which_o be_v at_o least_o three_o mile_n in_o compass_n when_o the_o tartar_n governor_n see_v from_o the_o wall_n such_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o man_n he_o stand_v amaze_v as_o suppose_v they_o have_v be_v all_o soldier_n which_o cause_v he_o again_o to_o pass_v a_o second_o cruel_a resolution_n to_o make_v away_o all_o the_o chinese_n inhabitant_n within_o the_o city_n to_o prevent_v any_o correspondence_n between_o they_o and_o house_n but_o find_v that_o those_o that_o serve_v he_o and_o be_v send_v out_o to_o fight_v behave_v themselves_o valiant_o he_o forbear_v to_o execute_v such_o a_o barbarous_a resolve_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n house_n perceive_v that_o no_o attempt_n he_o can_v make_v will_v prevail_v against_o the_o city_n break_v up_o the_o siege_n which_o he_o be_v the_o rather_o induce_v to_o do_v because_o he_o have_v receive_v intelligence_n that_o a_o strong_a army_n be_v upon_o their_o march_n for_o relief_n of_o the_o same_o house_n endeavour_v to_o save_v himself_o by_o a_o timely_a flight_n but_o the_o tartar_n horse_n overtake_v the_o rear_n of_o his_o army_n and_o kill_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o but_o what_o become_v of_o he_o be_v never_o know_v in_o regard_n he_o never_o after_o appear_v public_o and_o indeed_o it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a that_o he_o be_v either_o kill_v in_o the_o fight_n or_o end_v his_o day_n in_o the_o mountain_n and_o thus_o the_o chineses_n effect_v as_o little_a by_o their_o insurrection_n and_o plotting_n against_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o northern_a province_n as_o they_o have_v do_v in_o the_o southern_a for_o there_o follow_v nothing_o upon_o it_o but_o a_o total_a destruction_n of_o their_o city_n and_o the_o ruin_n both_o of_o the_o people_n and_o country_n draw_v upon_o themselves_o and_o with_o the_o great_a severity_n execute_v in_o revenge_n of_o their_o revolt_n the_o tartar_n have_v thus_o successful_o pacify_v all_o these_o trouble_n and_o commotion_n can_v not_o yet_o be_v at_o peace_n but_o fall_v again_o into_o other_o as_o great_a danger_n and_o difficulty_n as_o the_o former_a which_o they_o bring_v upon_o themselves_o by_o their_o own_o pride_n and_o wantonness_n for_o in_o the_o year_n 1649._o the_o young_a imperial_a cham_n xunchius_n have_v attain_v the_o age_n of_o twelve_o year_n be_v desire_v by_o his_o uncle_n to_o take_v to_o wife_n the_o daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o west-tartary_n otherwise_o call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o taniju_n which_o alliance_n will_v not_o only_o strengthen_v he_o but_o also_o will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o establish_v he_o in_o his_o throne_n to_o that_o end_n one_o of_o his_o uncle_n be_v send_v in_o embassy_n to_o the_o same_o king_n in_o which_o journey_n he_o happen_v to_o pass_v through_o taitung_n the_o three_o chief_a city_n and_o call_v the_o key_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la for_o it_o be_v a_o very_a strong_a place_n and_o serve_v as_o a_o bulwark_n and_o defence_n against_o the_o invasion_n of_o those_o western_a tartar_n into_o china_n moreover_o it_o be_v report_v the_o most_o famous_a of_o all_o other_o for_o the_o beautiful_a woman_n which_o live_v there_o the_o tartar_n who_o attend_v on_o this_o ambassador_n in_o their_o passage_n through_o this_o place_n ravish_v and_o take_v away_o some_o of_o these_o woman_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n a_o bride_n of_o great_a quality_n as_o she_o be_v carry_v by_o chance_n through_o the_o street_n to_o the_o house_n of_o her_o bridegroom_n a_o thing_n that_o be_v hold_v very_o abominable_a among_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o taitung_n at_o this_o time_n be_v one_o kiangus_n a_o commander_n in_o the_o army_n governor_z of_o that_o province_n for_o the_o tartar_n to_o who_o the_o friend_n and_o relation_n of_o the_o virgin_n that_o be_v carry_v away_o by_o force_n come_v
settle_n of_o good_a garrison_n in_o all_o place_n march_v back_o in_o triumph_n to_o peking_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a joy_n and_o now_o have_v thus_o subdue_v the_o rebel_n and_o make_v all_o thing_n to_o become_v peaceable_a and_o quiet_a he_o bend_v all_o his_o thought_n to_o accomplish_v the_o match_n between_o the_o emperor_n his_o nephew_n and_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o west-tartary_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o take_v a_o journey_n thither_o in_o person_n and_o through_o his_o crafty_a behaviour_n at_o last_o obtain_v his_o suit_n and_o also_o licence_n for_o the_o exportation_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o horse_n the_o wedding_n be_v keep_v in_o very_o great_a state_n for_o the_o tartar_a king_n maintain_v in_o marriage_n the_o same_o custom_n with_o those_o of_o europe_n match_v only_o with_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o high_a quality_n whereas_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n be_v wont_a to_o choose_v only_o for_o beauty_n make_v no_o difference_n between_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n and_o one_o of_o a_o mean_a extraction_n for_o if_o the_o face_n do_v but_o please_v they_o they_o mind_v not_o the_o quality_n as_o a_o testimony_n whereof_o most_o true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o father_n of_o the_o last_o chinese_n empress_n maintain_v himself_o by_o make_v shoe_n of_o straw_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o three_o vice-roys_n who_o be_v make_v by_o the_o tartar_n governor_n over_o the_o three_o province_n of_o fokien_n quantung_n and_o quangsi_n and_o send_v with_o three_o army_n to_o reduce_v quantung_v drive_v out_o the_o emperor_n junglieus_n and_o pacify_v the_o disorder_n in_o the_o southern_a province_n they_o take_v their_o journey_n through_o a_o country_n which_o the_o tartar_n emperor_n have_v give_v to_o some_o tartar_n for_o the_o native_a chineses_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o conspiracy_n be_v all_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n to_o inhabit_v and_o cultivate_v the_o same_o they_o request_v of_o the_o vice-roys_n that_o they_o may_v accompany_v they_o upon_o the_o way_n for_o in_o truth_n these_o people_n ever_o have_v a_o aversion_n to_o husbandry_n love_v their_o arm_n better_a than_o the_o plough_n or_o spade_n but_o two_o of_o the_o vice-roys_n deny_v their_o request_n without_o leave_n from_o the_o emperor_n the_o three_o only_o call_v kengus_n be_v of_o a_o high_a and_o lofty_a spirit_n permit_v they_o to_o follow_v he_o so_o they_o abandon_v the_o country_n and_o exchange_v their_o spade_n and_o plough_n for_o bough_n and_o arrow_n follow_v their_o countryman_n with_o great_a joy_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o emperor_n hear_v of_o it_o he_o write_v a_o letter_n to_o kengus_n with_o express_a command_n to_o send_v they_o back_o to_o their_o husbandry_n but_o kengus_n take_v no_o notice_n thereof_o suffer_v they_o to_o continue_v their_o march_n with_o he_o whereof_o the_o emperor_n have_v a_o second_o time_n notice_n in_o a_o great_a rage_n send_v to_o the_o chief_a tutang_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o southern_a province_n who_o hold_v his_o court_n at_o nank_v either_o to_o imprison_v or_o kill_v kengus_n the_o tutang_n forthwith_o obey_v the_o emperor_n order_n for_o after_o the_o three_o vice-roys_n be_v arrive_v at_o nank_v and_o have_v be_v noble_o treat_v by_o the_o tutang_n he_o pull_v out_o his_o letter_n and_o order_n show_v they_o to_o kengus_n who_o know_v that_o no_o excuse_n will_v be_v admit_v go_v immediate_o and_o hang_v himself_o however_o his_o son_n who_o accompany_v he_o in_o the_o war_n succeed_v he_o in_o his_o place_n by_o order_n of_o the_o emperor_n after_o this_o the_o other_o two_o vice-roys_n through_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n kiangsi_n and_o nank_v at_o last_o arrive_v at_o quantung_n with_o a_o intention_n according_a to_o their_o commission_n to_o reduce_v that_o province_n and_o to_o force_v junglieu_n to_o fly_v thence_o and_o indeed_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o report_n of_o the_o come_n of_o these_o three_o army_n spread_v through_o the_o country_n but_o most_o place_n submit_v free_o only_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n or_o quancheu_fw-la endure_v a_o long_a and_o hard_a siege_n and_o make_v great_a and_o valiant_a opposition_n yet_o be_v at_o last_o take_v by_o treachery_n in_o the_o year_n 1650._o all_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n and_o the_o city_n level_v with_o the_o ground_n after_o the_o take_n of_o canton_n all_o the_o adjacent_a city_n and_o place_n send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o vice-roys_n with_o promise_n of_o submission_n if_o they_o may_v have_v their_o life_n spare_v which_o be_v free_o grant_v they_o then_o the_o viceroy_n march_v with_o his_o army_n to_o the_o city_n chaik_v where_o the_o emperor_n junglieus_n keep_v his_o court_n at_o that_o time_n who_o hear_v of_o his_o come_n dare_v not_o stay_v for_o he_o but_o leave_v the_o city_n and_o province_n and_o flee_v to_o that_o of_o the_o dominion_n of_o quangsi_n but_o be_v narrow_o and_o close_o pursue_v he_o be_v necessitate_v to_o betake_v himself_o to_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tungk_v where_o what_o become_v of_o he_o be_v not_o since_o that_o time_n certain_o know_v in_o the_o year_n 1651._o die_v the_o faithful_a uncle_n of_o the_o tartar_n emperor_n to_o the_o great_a grief_n and_o lamentation_n of_o all_o people_n for_o he_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o great_a valour_n prudence_n and_o experience_n and_o to_o who_o happy_a conduct_v the_o conquest_n of_o china_n be_v chief_o to_o be_v attribute_v not_o only_o the_o tartar_n but_o the_o chineses_n themselves_o love_v and_o fear_v he_o for_o his_o understanding_n in_o martial_a affair_n and_o his_o otherwise_o civil_a comportment_n and_o integrity_n and_o as_o good_a man_n always_o die_v too_o soon_o so_o be_v he_o hardly_o cold_a but_o great_a division_n happen_v in_o the_o court_n by_o mean_n of_o one_o of_o the_o emperor_n brother_n call_v quintus_fw-la who_o will_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o guardianship_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o young_a emperor_n against_o the_o will_n and_o mind_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n for_o they_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o emperor_n xunchius_n be_v now_o arrive_v at_o the_o age_n of_o sixteen_o year_n be_v sufficient_o qualify_v to_o take_v upon_o himself_o the_o management_n of_o all_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o state_n but_o ambitious_a quintus_n allege_v that_o the_o emperor_n be_v not_o yet_o of_o a_o age_n capable_a to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o great_a and_o weighty_a affair_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o therefore_o insist_v that_o the_o direction_n and_o management_n of_o affair_n may_v be_v commit_v to_o he_o till_o the_o young_a prince_n shall_v attain_v his_o full_a age_n but_o find_v that_o he_o be_v general_o oppose_v by_o all_o the_o grandee_n of_o the_o court_n and_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o attain_v his_o end_n he_o at_o last_o concur_v with_o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o the_o young_a cham_n of_o tartary_n be_v crown_v and_o the_o whole_a weight_n of_o the_o government_n unanimous_o throw_v upon_o his_o shoulder_n which_o he_o manage_v with_o such_o judgement_n that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o give_v sufficient_a proof_n of_o his_o ability_n and_o not_o only_o his_o desire_n but_o intention_n to_o do_v justice_n insomuch_o that_o when_o some_o dangerous_a counsel_n which_o his_o decease_a uncle_n have_v in_o his_o life-time_n give_v come_v to_o break_v out_o he_o cause_v his_o dead_a body_n to_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o tomb_n and_o be_v most_o shameful_o misuse_v and_o the_o tomb_n to_o be_v break_v in_o piece_n nor_o end_v he_o there_o for_o those_o of_o his_o uncle_n relation_n who_o be_v privy_a and_o consent_n to_o the_o say_a counsel_n be_v likewise_o handle_v with_o extreme_a severity_n thus_o far_o have_v i_o spend_v in_o set_v forth_o particular_o how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n the_o robber_n licungzus_n first_o overran_a china_n and_o after_o his_o expulsion_n how_o the_o tartar_n at_o last_o conquer_v the_o same_o now_o you_o be_v to_o remember_v that_o contemporary_a with_o licungzus_n be_v another_o thief_n call_v changlianchus_n the_o remain_a transaction_n of_o who_o villainy_n whereof_o we_o have_v already_o in_o part_n make_v mention_n i_o shall_v now_o relate_v and_o indeed_o when_o i_o call_v to_o mind_v the_o cruelty_n commit_v by_o this_o monster_n in_o man_n shape_n i_o be_o as_o one_o deprive_v of_o his_o sense_n for_o his_o action_n be_v so_o dismal_a and_o horrid_a that_o whoever_o hear_v of_o they_o will_v be_v fill_v with_o stupefaction_n and_o amazement_n this_o robber_n changlianchus_n plunder_v and_o ruin_v several_a province_n put_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o unspeakable_a torture_n to_o make_v they_o confess_v where_o they_o have_v hide_v their_o wealth_n and_o good_n he_o be_v great_o delight_v to_o put_v out_o people_n eye_n and_o to_o see_v
man_n die_v in_o misery_n his_o design_n be_v real_o to_o have_v depopulate_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o china_n that_o so_o be_v alone_o there_o may_v be_v none_o leave_v to_o oppose_v he_o or_o be_v his_o competitor_n and_o although_o the_o barbarousness_n of_o his_o nature_n appear_v every_o where_o and_o upon_o all_o occasion_n yet_o do_v he_o give_v a_o proof_n of_o his_o cruelty_n in_o no_o place_n more_o than_o in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n where_o he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o royal_a title_n and_o put_v most_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o death_n he_o will_v frequent_o cause_v a_o whole_a family_n to_o be_v utter_o destroy_v if_o any_o one_o of_o they_o have_v not_o obey_v his_o order_n according_a to_o his_o will_n and_o mind_n he_o abound_v so_o very_a much_o in_o feral_a barbarism_n that_o oftentimes_o if_o by_o chance_n any_o one_o have_v offend_v he_o he_o will_v cause_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n reside_v within_o the_o same_o street_n to_o undergo_v the_o fury_n of_o his_o inhuman_a and_o bestial_a rage_n he_o be_v civil_a and_o kind_a to_o none_o but_o his_o soldier_n with_o who_o he_o will_v converse_v and_o drink_v as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v but_o their_o companion_n and_o many_o time_n will_v bestow_v great_a present_n upon_o they_o if_o they_o have_v perform_v any_o thing_n well_o and_o according_a to_o his_o mind_n yet_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n for_o the_o least_o offence_n or_o neglect_v he_o make_v nothing_o to_o put_v multitude_n of_o they_o to_o death_n and_o which_o be_v yet_o more_o this_o bloody_a caitiff_n butchery_n extend_v to_o very_a magistrate_n but_o in_o special_a manner_n to_o those_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o chingtu_n of_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n so_o that_o of_o six_o hundred_o in_o the_o space_n of_o three_o year_n be_v hardly_o twenty_o left_a that_o escape_v with_o their_o life_n and_o it_o be_v a_o recreation_n to_o see_v and_o cause_v people_n to_o be_v flay_v alive_a when_o this_o bloodthirsty_a tyrant_n endeavour_v to_o take_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la which_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o strength_n be_v call_v the_o key_n of_o suchuen_n and_o xensi_fw-la he_o come_v in_o the_o year_n 1645._o before_o it_o with_o a_o very_a great_a army_n of_o at_o least_o a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o thousand_o native_n of_o the_o province_n only_o beside_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o other_o out_o of_o several_a other_o province_n when_o the_o siege_n have_v continue_v a_o long_a time_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n defend_v themselves_o with_o wonderful_a courage_n there_o run_v over_o to_o the_o besiege_a at_o least_o forty_o thousand_o man_n out_o of_o his_o camp_n which_o trouble_v and_o provoke_v the_o tyrant_n so_o much_o that_o he_o cause_v the_o remainder_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o thousand_o man_n of_o suchuen_n to_o be_v cruel_o massacre_v and_o murder_v by_o their_o other_o fellow_n soldier_n before_o his_o face_n when_o he_o hear_v that_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o year_n 1646._o be_v fall_v with_o their_o force_n into_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la he_o find_v himself_o necessitate_v to_o prevent_v such_o a_o unquiet_a and_o troublesome_a neighbourhood_n to_o march_v against_o they_o but_o lest_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o suchuen_n to_o many_o of_o who_o he_o have_v be_v so_o cruel_a shall_v conspire_v against_o he_o in_o his_o absence_n he_o cause_v they_o all_o to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n except_o such_o as_o live_v towards_o the_o north-east_n then_o he_o march_v first_o to_o chingtu_n the_o principal_a chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o suchen_n and_o cause_v all_o its_o inhabitant_n both_o rich_a and_o poor_a be_v above_o six_o hundred_o thousand_o in_o number_n to_o be_v bind_v by_o his_o soldier_n and_o afterward_o miserable_o slay_v by_o the_o effusion_n of_o who_o blood_n the_o chineses_n write_v that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o great_a river_n kiang_n which_o run_v before_o the_o city_n be_v extraordinary_o swell_v and_o raise_v the_o dead_a body_n that_o they_o may_v not_o taint_v or_o infect_v the_o air_n be_v fling_v into_o the_o river_n which_o be_v carry_v down_o with_o the_o stream_n soon_o bring_v this_o mournful_a news_n to_o the_o neighbour_a city_n and_o place_n view_v what_o they_o be_v like_a to_o expect_v if_o they_o resist_v not_o the_o fierceness_n of_o that_o merciless_a beast_n which_o though_o they_o do_v with_o all_o their_o may_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o long_o before_o the_o same_o cruel_a usage_n reach_v many_o of_o they_o and_o after_o this_o manner_n be_v this_o province_n which_o former_o abound_v with_o people_n lay_v waste_n and_o make_v desolate_a both_o of_o people_n and_o habitation_n these_o villainy_n perpetrate_v and_o be_v now_o to_o march_v against_o the_o tartar_n he_o encourage_v his_o soldier_n to_o behave_v themselves_o valiant_o for_o that_o he_o have_v silver_n enough_o to_o reward_v such_o as_o do_v well_o but_o in_o regard_n the_o woman_n as_o he_o suppose_v will_v be_v a_o trouble_n to_o they_o not_o only_o upon_o their_o march_n but_o in_o the_o battle_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n therein_o show_v they_o the_o way_n for_o of_o three_o hundred_o beautiful_a woman_n which_o he_o use_v for_o his_o own_o lustful_a pleasure_n he_o reserve_v only_o twenty_o to_o wait_v upon_o his_o three_o queen_n all_o the_o other_o be_v massacre_v in_o view_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n whereupon_o the_o soldier_n follow_v his_o barbarous_a and_o bloody_a example_n do_v the_o like_a either_o by_o shot_n or_o sword_n kill_v their_o wife_n in_o a_o most_o wretched_a manner_n have_v destroy_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o province_n and_o no_o more_o leave_v to_o exercise_v his_o cruelty_n upon_o he_o fall_v upon_o the_o city_n and_o house_n lay_v they_o waste_v and_o not_o leave_v any_o one_o place_n stand_v wheresoever_o his_o ruine_v foot_n tread_v nay_o more_o to_o show_v his_o hatred_n to_o posterity_n he_o cause_v all_o the_o tree_n to_o be_v fell_v and_o cut_v down_o that_o so_o no_o body_n for_o the_o future_a shall_v have_v any_o benefit_n by_o they_o after_o he_o such_o as_o be_v sick_a and_o not_o able_a to_o follow_v the_o camp_n he_o cause_v likewise_o to_o be_v hang_v up_o to_o prevent_v they_o as_o he_o scoff_o say_v from_o live_v or_o die_v in_o pain_n and_o misery_n after_o all_o this_o barbarous_a havoc_n and_o desolation_n make_v this_o enemy_n of_o mankind_n pass_v with_o his_o army_n into_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la whither_o the_o general_n of_o the_o tartar_n follow_v he_o at_o the_o heel_n with_o a_o army_n of_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n unâ—â—l_v the_o residue_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n can_v get_v up_o to_o he_o when_o the_o news_n be_v bring_v he_o that_o the_o tartar_n be_v in_o sight_n of_o he_o with_o a_o great_a army_n he_o laugh_v at_o those_o that_o report_v such_o a_o fable_n as_o he_o think_v it_o not_o believe_v it_o possible_a that_o such_o a_o thing_n can_v be_v till_o go_v out_o of_o his_o tent_n himself_o to_o make_v the_o discovery_n the_o first_o object_n that_o he_o meet_v with_o be_v the_o sight_n of_o five_o tartar_n who_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o those_o people_n be_v send_v out_o before_o to_o discover_v and_o demand_v whether_o he_o will_v have_v peace_n or_o war_n but_o in_o stead_n thereof_o they_o present_o fall_v upon_o he_o and_o the_o first_o arrow_n that_o be_v shoot_v pierce_v he_o quite_o through_o the_o heart_n wherewith_o fall_v down_o dead_a upon_o the_o place_n it_o strike_v so_o great_a a_o fear_n into_o all_o his_o follower_n that_o they_o be_v soon_o overthrow_v the_o news_n of_o this_o victory_n be_v quick_o spread_v abroad_o upon_o the_o report_n of_o which_o such_o tartar_n as_o be_v leave_v alive_a and_o have_v escape_v the_o bloody_a hand_n of_o the_o traitor_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n come_v out_o of_o their_o holes_n and_o cry_v up_o the_o victor_n as_o their_o deliverer_n and_o thus_o at_o length_n the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n fall_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o put_v garrison_n into_o the_o chief_a place_n march_v back_o with_o their_o army_n to_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n where_o upon_o their_o arrival_n the_o general_n of_o the_o army_n though_o he_o return_v victorious_a yet_o so_o slippery_a be_v the_o station_n of_o great_a man_n be_v very_o unworthy_o receive_v by_o his_o brother_n who_o accuse_v he_o of_o neglect_n in_o that_o he_o have_v not_o well_o perform_v his_o charge_n the_o faithful_a general_n with_o this_o disgraceful_a affront_n be_v put_v into_o so_o violent_a a_o passion_n as_o be_v conscious_a of_o his_o own_o merit_n and_o know_v that_o he_o have_v deserve_v the_o great_a thanks_o imaginable_a for_o what_o he_o have_v do_v he_o
learn_v from_o a_o astrologer_n that_o in_o time_n it_o will_v become_v rebellious_a unto_o his_o empire_n this_o city_n be_v build_v foursquare_a comprehend_v in_o circuit_n twenty_o four_o mile_n the_o side_n of_o every_o square_a or_o quadrate_n contain_v six_o mile_n it_o have_v wall_n white_v over_o which_o be_v twenty_o pace_n high_a ten_o in_o breadth_n but_o in_o thickness_n become_v narrow_a as_o they_o ascend_v every_o quadrature_n of_o these_o wall_n have_v three_o principal_a gate_n there_o be_v twelve_o in_o all_o which_o have_v each_o a_o magnificent_a palace_n build_v near_o unto_o they_o in_o the_o corner_n also_o of_o the_o wall_n there_o be_v noble_a tower_n where_o the_o arm_n and_o ammunition_n of_o the_o city_n be_v store_v and_o keep_v there_o be_v street_n and_o passage_n straight_o through_o the_o city_n so_o that_o there_o be_v a_o free_a prospect_n from_o one_o gate_n unto_o another_o most_o beautiful_a house_n be_v erect_v on_o either_o side_n a_o little_a 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marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n in_o his_o second_o book_n chap._n 58._o for_o furio_n in_o the_o chinesian_a language_n signify_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o great_a city_n and_o also_o ceu_fw-la add_v unto_o other_o word_n or_o name_n denote_v a_o small_a or_o indifferent_a city_n which_o word_n be_v proper_a and_o know_v unto_o no_o other_o region_n but_o only_o that_o of_o china_n yet_o nothing_o so_o clear_o demonstrate_v china_n to_o be_v take_v for_o cathay_n as_o the_o astronomical_a botanical_a monument_n of_o the_o persian_n which_o the_o learned_a jacobus_n golius_n in_o his_o appendix_n adjoin_v unto_o the_o atlas_n sinicus_n have_v make_v apparent_a unto_o we_o from_o the_o astronomical_a table_n of_o nasirodim_n a_o persian_a mathematician_n famous_a throughout_o the_o whole_a east_n where_o you_o may_v plain_o see_v the_o cathaian_a name_n of_o the_o twelve_o hour_n into_o which_o the_o natural_a day_n be_v divide_v among_o the_o chinese_n or_o cathaians_n so_o 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cathaian_a year_n which_o they_o divide_v as_o also_o the_o zodiac_n into_o twenty_o four_o part_n begin_v their_o year_n from_o the_o 15_o the_o degree_n of_o aquarius_n but_o concern_v this_o see_v the_o abovementioned_a golius_n in_o the_o place_n cite_v before_o who_o allege_v uleg_n beg_v a_o persian_a astronomer_n for_o a_o witness_n from_o who_o astronomical_a table_n he_o show_v evident_o whatsoever_o have_v hitherto_o be_v deliver_v from_o the_o harmony_n or_o agreement_n of_o the_o cathaian_a calculation_n or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o that_o of_o the_o chinese_n and_o i_o also_o find_v in_o the_o arabian_a physician_n the_o musk_n that_o be_v find_v in_o china_n often_o call_v the_o musk_n of_o cathay_n and_o also_o that_o drink_n which_o be_v make_v of_o a_o certain_a herb_n proper_a to_o cathay_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n term_v cha_fw-mi of_o cathay_n and_o the_o mogor_n which_o be_v original_o tartar_n and_o have_v their_o descent_n from_o the_o line_n or_o stock_n of_o cingis-can_a and_o the_o other_o succeed_v potent_a emperor_n they_o i_o say_v i_o find_v to_o be_v so_o call_v from_o their_o overrun_v of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n by_o their_o historian_n the_o chinesian-mogulos_a but_o what_o he_o write_v concern_v quinsai_n a_o city_n of_o a_o wonderful_a and_o almost_o incredible_a magnitude_n be_v all_o find_v to_o be_v true_a at_o this_o day_n concern_v the_o metropolitan_a city_n hancheu_o of_o which_o father_n martinius_n the_o author_n of_o the_o excellent_a atlas_n sinicus_n thus_o discourse_v folio_n 109._o quâ—nsai_n that_o the_o european_a cosmographer_n may_v no_o long_o err_v in_o make_v enquiry_n after_o and_o ridiculous_o delineat_v of_o quinsai_n mention_v by_o marcus_n paulus_n i_o shall_v here_o give_v the_o very_a exact_a portaicture_n of_o the_o same_o the_o shadow_n of_o which_o do_v not_o appear_v unto_o the_o author_n of_o the_o archontologia_fw-la cosmica_fw-la and_o if_o the_o divine_a majesty_n be_v propitious_a unto_o my_o design_n i_o shall_v peradventure_o in_o time_n send_v over_o the_o theatre_n of_o the_o city_n of_o china_n print_v by_o the_o chinese_n themselves_o not_o know_v or_o see_v as_o i_o suppose_v hitherto_o in_o europe_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n i_o prove_v first_o by_o most_o invincible_a argument_n that_o this_o be_v the_o same_o city_n of_o quinsai_n mention_v by_o paulus_n venetus_n for_o this_o be_v that_o city_n which_o be_v distant_a the_o space_n of_o five_o day_n travel_v from_o singui_n that_o be_v sum_z chou_n which_o hold_v good_a if_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o progress_n or_o march_n of_o the_o army_n in_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n be_v otherwise_o it_o be_v scarce_o four_o day_n journey_n this_o be_v that_o city_n in_o which_o in_o his_o time_n be_v the_o court_n or_o imperial_a city_n of_o china_n which_o the_o chineses_n in_o the_o elegant_a tongue_n of_o their_o learned_a man_n term_n kingsu_n but_o in_o the_o common_a speech_n of_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n of_o man_n who_o tie_v not_o up_o themselves_o unto_o that_o exactness_n of_o phrase_n kingsai_n whence_o the_o term_n of_o quinsai_n in_o venetus_n have_v its_o original_n you_o must_v here_o note_v moreover_o that_o kingsu_n be_v a_o name_n of_o dignity_n common_a unto_o regal_a city_n and_o not_o proper_a and_o singular_a unto_o one_o alone_a for_o its_o genuine_a and_o true_a signification_n be_v regal_a although_o oftentimes_o the_o same_o city_n have_v otherwise_o a_o proper_a name_n as_o this_o city_n be_v call_v hancheu_fw-la which_o under_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o family_n of_o sunga_n be_v call_v lingan_n because_o the_o ten_o emperor_n of_o this_o family_n name_v coacungus_fw-la kin_n fly_v from_o the_o tartar_n there_o fix_v his_o court_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o time_n of_o venetus_n it_o be_v call_v kingsu_n whatever_o other_o think_v to_o the_o contrary_n this_o happen_v anno_fw-la 1135._o and_o also_o in_o the_o same_o city_n the_o family_n of_o sunga_n hold_v the_o empire_n until_o the_o western_a tartar_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o great_a have_fw-mi erect_v the_o kin_n tartar_n or_o those_o of_o the_o east_n out_o of_o cathay_n that_o be_v out_o of_o the_o northern_a province_n and_o so_o then_o they_o become_v vanquish_v and_o a_o little_a after_o they_o advance_v their_o victorious_a army_n into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mangin_n have_v begin_v a_o seizure_n of_o those_o southern_a province_n but_o to_o come_v more_o near_o to_o the_o business_n this_o be_v that_o city_n which_o have_v such_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o high_a bridge_n both_o within_o its_o wall_n and_o without_o in_o its_o suburb_n for_o there_o be_v almost_o ten_o thousand_o as_o venetus_n reckon_v they_o if_o you_o account_v the_o triumphal_a arch_n among_o the_o bridge_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o similitude_n he_o may_v esteem_v for_o such_o by_o the_o
great_a hazard_n of_o robber_n who_o have_v shun_v at_o length_n he_o come_v to_o ciarciunor_n and_o after_o ten_o day_n pass_v through_o sarpanil_n a_o desert_a place_n he_o come_v to_o the_o province_n sarcil_n over_o a_o very_a high_a mountain_n and_o that_o in_o twenty_o day_n travel_v after_o two_o day_n more_o he_o come_v to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n cetialath_n in_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o snow_n many_o perish_a by_o the_o vehemency_n of_o the_o cold._n have_v travel_v six_o day_n through_o the_o snow_n he_o come_v to_o tamgheran_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cascar_n and_o after_o fifteen_o day_n to_o jaconich_n and_o after_o five_o to_o hiarcham_n the_o metropolitan_a city_n of_o cascar_n and_o the_o end_n of_o the_o region_n of_o cabul_n the_o whole_a region_n be_v follower_n of_o the_o law_n of_o mahomet_n and_o hence_o from_o hiarcham_n be_v the_o begin_n of_o the_o expedition_n by_o caravan_n into_o cathay_n and_o the_o negotiation_n of_o 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place_n hancialix_n alceghet_n hagabathet_fw-la egriar_n mesetelec_n thalec_n horma_n thoantac_n mingieda_n capetalcol_n zilan_n sarognebetal_n cambasco_n aconsersec_n ciacor_n acsu_fw-la acsu_n be_v a_o town_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cascar_n from_o which_o he_o pass_v by_o a_o laborious_a voyage_n through_o the_o desert_n caracatai_fw-fr that_o be_v black_a cataia_n unto_o oitograch_n gazo_n casciani_n dellai_n saregabadal_n ugan_n and_o at_o last_o he_o arrive_v at_o gruciam_fw-la depart_v hence_o in_o a_o voyage_n of_o twenty_o five_o day_n he_o come_v unto_o the_o city_n of_o cialis_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o cascar_n where_o the_o saracen_n return_v in_o the_o caravan_n of_o the_o year_n before_o from_o cathay_n that_o be_v from_o pekin_n the_o royal_a city_n of_o china_n declare_v wonderful_a thing_n unto_o our_o benedict_n concern_v matthew_n riccius_fw-la and_o his_o companion_n and_o here_o our_o father_n wonder_v that_o he_o 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from_o laor_n by_o a_o much_o near_a way_n but_o as_o this_o voyage_n or_o passage_n through_o the_o thebetick_a mountain_n be_v not_o yet_o discover_v so_o that_o also_o on_o the_o other_o side_n by_o usbeck_n and_o samarcande_v at_o that_o time_n be_v more_o use_v although_o that_o to_o conform_v himself_o unto_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n he_o be_v force_v to_o attempt_v to_o pass_v by_o this_o latter_a though_o it_o be_v very_o much_o out_o of_o the_o way_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o vast_a wind_n and_o and_o turn_n and_o also_o on_o every_o hand_n subject_n to_o robber_n the_o territory_n of_o usbec_n be_v extend_v by_o a_o large_a interval_n of_o region_n from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o north_n be_v make_v up_o of_o three_o very_a great_a kingdom_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v samarcande_v famous_a for_o the_o birth_n of_o tamberlan_n the_o second_o tarphan_n and_o the_o three_o turphan_n all_o of_o they_o infamous_a for_o the_o religion_n of_o mahomet_n the_o inhabitant_n as_o 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at_o length_n i_o return_v to_o sfahanum_n and_o here_o remain_v ready_a to_o fulfil_v the_o command_n of_o your_o reverend_a fatherhood_n but_o do_v your_o reverend_a fatherhood_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n publish_v nothing_o to_o the_o world_n such_o a_o tree_n ought_v to_o bear_v some_o fruit._n beside_o two_o book_n that_o you_o be_v please_v to_o send_v i_o some_o year_n since_o nothing_o else_o have_v arrive_v at_o my_o hand_n i_o have_v here_o compose_v some_o treatise_n about_o the_o controversy_n of_o the_o law_n in_o particular_a a_o answer_n to_o the_o polish_a of_o the_o looking-glass_n i_o know_v no_o person_n that_o can_v better_o manage_v this_o business_n at_o rome_n than_o your_o reverend_a self_n who_o i_o beseech_v to_o render_v i_o more_o certain_a whether_o such_o book_n can_v be_v print_v there_o but_o i_o much_o question_n whether_o any_o one_o can_v be_v find_v that_o will_v be_v at_o the_o charge_n yet_o in_o this_o matter_n i_o shall_v determine_v nothing_o but_o what_o my_o superior_n shall_v ordain_v to_o conclude_v the_o least_o of_o your_o reverend_a fatherships_n servant_n only_o more_o especial_o request_v this_o that_o you_o will_v retain_v this_o my_o epistle_n by_o you_o for_o a_o memorial_n and_o that_o you_o will_v not_o be_v unmindful_a of_o i_o in_o your_o holy_a sacrifice_n date_v near_o xaxan_n about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o festival_n of_o saint_n francis_n xavier_n chap._n v._n the_o voyage_n perform_v by_o marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n and_o haython_n the_o armenian_a into_o cathay_n or_o china_n see_v none_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v describe_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o utmost_a confine_n of_o the_o east_n more_o full_o than_o marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n therefore_o i_o esteem_v it_o my_o duty_n to_o say_v somewhat_o of_o his_o voyage_n into_o cathay_n at_o this_o time_n have_v so_o fit_a a_o opportunity_n although_o there_o do_v many_o thing_n occur_v which_o be_v neither_o apprehend_v nor_o understand_v at_o this_o 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little_a refresh_v themselves_o and_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o euxine_a sea_n they_o arrive_v with_o prosperous_a wind_n at_o a_o port_n of_o armenia_n call_v soldadia_n now_o what_o this_o port_n of_o soldadia_n be_v we_o have_v not_o hitherto_o find_v out_o i_o interpret_v it_o to_o be_v trapezonmet_a see_v that_o there_o be_v no_o port_n of_o the_o armenian_n near_a the_o euxine_a sea_n neither_o can_v we_o discover_v what_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bartza_n be_v from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bartza_n they_o come_v by_o great_a wind_n and_o turn_n of_o the_o land_n unto_o the_o city_n of_o bochara_n situate_v on_o the_o river_n oxus_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o usbeck_n where_o great_a war_n arise_v between_o the_o king_n of_o bartza_n and_o the_o tartar_n they_o be_v much_o perplex_v and_o ignorant_a which_o way_n to_o take_v to_o return_v into_o their_o own_o country_n but_o at_o last_o upon_o serious_a consideration_n and_o advice_n they_o remain_v there_o full_a three_o year_n 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empire_n of_o usbeck_n all_o which_o agree_v with_o what_o we_o have_v allege_v before_o concern_v the_o voyage_n of_o benedict_n go_v yet_o from_o hence_o he_o go_v not_o the_o short_a way_n unto_o cathay_n but_o decline_v towards_o the_o north_n he_o come_v unto_o the_o city_n campition_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tanchut_n where_o have_v enter_v between_o the_o east_n and_o south_n that_o be_v southeast_n unto_o those_o that_o proceed_v forward_o he_o come_v into_o cathay_n through_o the_o desert_n yet_o lay_v aside_o this_o passage_n he_o proceed_v forward_o again_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o have_v pass_v through_o many_o province_n and_o kingdom_n of_o the_o eastern_a tartary_n where_o he_o find_v many_o christian_n at_o length_n he_o arrive_v at_o cambalu_n the_o royal_a court_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n of_o the_o largeness_n and_o etymology_n of_o which_o city_n we_o have_v before_o treat_v at_o large_a where_o i_o wonder_v very_o much_o that_o paulus_n 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chinese_n unto_o which_o the_o chinesian_a name_n of_o the_o city_n with_o their_o custom_n and_o manner_n be_v altogether_o consonant_a and_o agreeable_a as_o i_o have_v show_v at_o large_a in_o the_o precede_a discourse_n haython_n the_o armenian_a a_o monk_n of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o praemonstratensis_fw-la and_o of_o the_o bloud-royal_a a_o traveller_n throughout_o the_o whole_a east_n he_o with_o the_o fidelity_n of_o a_o religious_a person_n confirm_v whatsoever_o be_v more_o large_o relate_v by_o paulus_n venetus_n concern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o cathay_n for_o anno_fw-la 1307._o he_o behold_v all_o those_o kingdom_n of_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o the_o east_n with_o his_o own_o eye_n the_o cause_n manner_n and_o occasion_n of_o which_o voyage_n we_o shall_v afterward_o declare_v now_o he_o thus_o speak_v concern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o cathay_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o history_n the_o kingdom_n of_o cathay_n be_v the_o great_a that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o world_n and_o be_v replenish_v with_o infinite_a people_n and_o riches_n it_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o sea-coast_n the_o man_n of_o of_o those_o part_n be_v most_o subtle_a and_o full_a of_o deceit_n and_o therefore_o in_o all_o knowledge_n makeslight_o of_o all_o other_o nation_n for_o they_o say_v that_o they_o be_v the_o only_a people_n that_o see_v with_o both_o eye_n and_o all_o other_o only_o with_o one_o they_o have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n little_a eye_n and_o be_v natural_o without_o beard_n and_o moreover_o it_o be_v report_v concern_v this_o kingdom_n that_o it_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o world_n because_o it_o have_v the_o east_n on_o one_o part_n and_o on_o the_o other_o part_n there_o do_v no_o nation_n inhabit_v as_o they_o report_v on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v its_o confine_n on_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tarsa_n on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o desert_n of_o belgian_n and_o on_o the_o east_n and_o
south_n there_o be_v innumerable_a island_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o which_o word_n he_o so_o describe_v cathay_n or_o china_n that_o he_o differ_v in_o nothing_o from_o the_o modern_a situation_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o other_o thing_n proper_a unto_o china_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o introduction_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n into_o the_o forementioned_a kingdom_n of_o tartary_n and_o cathay_n by_o the_o now_o alleged_a voyage_n see_v that_o in_o all_o the_o forementioned_a voyage_n we_o at_o all_o time_n meet_v with_o the_o mention_n of_o the_o christian_n the_o reader_n ought_v not_o to_o doubt_v but_o that_o the_o evangelical_n doctrine_n of_o the_o christian_a law_n have_v be_v introduce_v into_o the_o utmost_a kingdom_n of_o the_o east_n from_o the_o very_a first_o time_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n either_o by_o the_o apostle_n themselves_o or_o by_o their_o disciple_n or_o their_o successor_n in_o the_o apostolical_a function_n which_o that_o it_o may_v 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over_o the_o mountain_n gati_fw-la he_o come_v to_o golconda_n and_o thence_o into_o montipur_n and_o thence_o by_o a_o direct_a voyage_n to_o bengala_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o decanum_n and_o from_o hence_o in_o a_o straight_a path_n to_o the_o court_n of_o the_o mogor_n in_o the_o city_n of_o agra_n what_o rarity_n and_o curiosity_n he_o observe_v in_o so_o great_a a_o voyage_n he_o will_v publish_v to_o the_o world_n in_o due_a time_n in_o his_o itinerary_n discourse_v concern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o narsinga_n and_o those_o so_o celebrate_a relic_n of_o st._n thomas_n at_o meliapor_n he_o say_v that_o among_o other_o thing_n which_o the_o christian_n reserve_v in_o their_o library_n unto_o this_o day_n there_o be_v the_o voyage_n of_o st._n thomas_n which_o that_o holy_a apostle_n undertake_v from_o judea_n into_o india_n preserve_v and_o that_o he_o have_v it_o translate_v out_o of_o the_o syriack_n into_o the_o latin_a tongue_n which_o when_o i_o earnest_o request_v he_o free_o assent_v to_o my_o desire_n and_o it_o be_v as_o follow_v in_o the_o general_a distribution_n of_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n make_v by_o the_o apostle_n at_o jerusalem_n for_o the_o propagation_n of_o the_o divine_a gospel_n it_o be_v manifest_a from_o ecclesiastical_a history_n that_o india_n fall_v unto_o the_o lot_n of_o st._n thomas_n unto_o which_o that_o he_o may_v arrive_v he_o thus_o begin_v his_o voyage_n from_o judea_n have_v pass_v through_o syria_n armenia_n and_o mesopotamia_n he_o come_v unto_o a_o certain_a city_n of_o persia_n which_o be_v call_v soldania_n where_o have_v sow_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o gospel_n he_o reap_v a_o large_a harvest_n of_o christian_a convert_v hence_o he_o pass_v through_o the_o kingdom_n of_o candahar_n and_o cabul_n which_o be_v 40_o lucae_n distant_a from_o candahar_n now_o cabul_n be_v also_o call_v galabor_n by_o which_o the_o holy_a apostle_n pass_v over_o high_a mountain_n unto_o the_o region_n call_v at_o this_o day_n by_o the_o moor_n gavorstan_n that_o be_v the_o region_n of_o infidel_n for_o so_o they_o term_v the_o christian_n which_o continue_v there_o unto_o this_o very_a day_n the_o christian_n be_v call_v the_o christian_n of_o st._n thomas_n they_o be_v natural_o defend_v or_o fortify_v by_o most_o high_a mountain_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o easy_a passage_n to_o they_o although_o sometime_o some_o saracen_n pass_v unto_o they_o who_o be_v present_o stain_v out_o of_o a_o hatred_n â—f_fw-mi their_o perfidious_a sect_n but_o the_o gentile_n or_o heathen_n be_v receive_v and_o although_o these_o christian_n observe_v various_a rite_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n as_o that_o they_o imprint_v a_o threefold_n cross_n on_o their_o forehead_n and_o temple_n which_o be_v do_v or_o depict_v by_o a_o indian_a herb_n â—r_n weed_n call_v santalis_fw-la of_o a_o red_a colour_n and_o that_o in_o baptism_n they_o dip_v their_o child_n in_o water_n yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o have_v so_o happen_v in_o 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admission_n to_o their_o temple_n he_o far_o relate_v that_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o region_n go_v to_o church_n apparel_v in_o black_a that_o the_o land_n be_v fruitful_a and_o that_o there_o be_v plenty_n of_o vine_n find_v there_o which_o narration_n cause_v a_o suspicion_n in_o he_o that_o without_o question_n there_o be_v yet_o the_o habitation_n of_o christian_n although_o much_o degenerate_v which_o he_o have_v also_o confirm_v by_o report_n elsewhere_o this_o be_v also_o so_o manifest_a unto_o other_o of_o our_o father_n the_o propagator_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mogul_n that_o no_o person_n from_o henceforwards_o aught_o to_o doubt_v of_o the_o same_o whence_o unto_o this_o very_a day_n they_o be_v call_v the_o christian_n of_o st._n thomas_n and_o questionless_a they_o have_v long_o since_o be_v gather_v into_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n if_o there_o have_v not_o want_v laborer_n moreover_o st._n thomas_n be_v say_v to_o have_v depart_v from_o caphurstan_n unto_o to_o the_o lesser_a guzarata_n not_o far_o from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o casmir_n of_o which_o we_o have_v treat_v above_o which_o be_v situate_a distant_a from_o labour_n three_o day_n voyage_n towards_o the_o north_n and_o thence_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v the_o mountain_n of_o thebet_n in_o a_o long_a compass_n of_o the_o land_n towards_o bengala_n through_o the_o kingdom_n of_o decan_n to_o have_v arrive_v at_o meliapor_n it_o be_v certain_o relate_v that_o letter_n write_v in_o the_o syriack_n tongue_n on_o a_o most_o ancient_a parchment_n be_v yet_o preserve_v in_o the_o library_n or_o repository_n of_o the_o church_n of_o meliapor_n in_o which_o st._n thomas_n be_v say_v to_o have_v convocate_v the_o bishop_n consecrate_a by_o he_o in_o the_o aforesaid_a kingdom_n that_o be_v from_o candahar_n cabul_n caphurstan_n the_o lesser_a guzarata_n and_o the_o other_o adjoin_v province_n unto_o the_o council_n of_o meliapor_n which_o if_o it_o be_v so_o it_o be_v very_o much_o to_o be_v lament_v that_o there_o have_v no_o person_n be_v find_v who_o may_v have_v translate_v a_o treasury_n of_o so_o great_a ecclesiastical_a antiquity_n into_o latin_n but_o however_o this_o be_v origen_n and_o eusebius_n write_v that_o st._n thomas_n first_o go_v and_o preach_v to_o the_o parthian_n and_o gregory_n nazianzen_n deliver_v in_o his_o homily_n against_o the_o arrian_n that_o he_o preach_v to_o the_o indian_n theodoret_n consent_v unto_o these_o that_o the_o preach_a and_o receive_v of_o the_o gospel_n among_o the_o parthian_n persian_n mede_n brahmin_n indian_n and_o the_o border_a nation_n aught_o to_o be_v ascribe_v unto_o st._n thomas_n and_o nicephorus_n also_o relate_v that_o he_o come_v unto_o tapraban_n now_o call_v sumatra_n which_o see_v it_o be_v not_o remote_a from_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n it_o can_v but_o appear_v very_o probable_a to_o any_o one_o that_o he_o visit_v china_n also_o in_o his_o own_o person_n any_o
shall_v grant_v he_o the_o privilege_n to_o implore_v the_o assistance_n of_o the_o tartar_n wheresoever_o they_o inhabit_v more_o especial_o those_o that_o border_n near_o armenia_n and_o that_o without_o any_o delay_n they_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o aid_v he_o 7._o that_o the_o privilege_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o kingdom_n of_o armenia_n which_o first_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o saracen_n and_o they_o be_v thence_o expulse_v by_o the_o tartar_n the_o tributary_n king_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n possess_v shall_v be_v restore_v to_o he_o the_o king_n of_o armenia_n the_o great_a cham_n have_v hear_v these_o demand_n present_o call_v a_o council_n of_o his_o nobility_n in_o who_o presence_n he_o return_v this_o answer_n because_o the_o king_n of_o armenia_n have_v address_v himself_o to_o our_o empire_n not_o by_o any_o compulsion_n but_o move_v of_o his_o own_o free_a will_n in_o truth_n it_o very_o much_o become_v our_o imperial_a majesty_n to_o assent_v unto_o his_o lawful_a request_n and_o by_o all_o way_n possible_a to_o further_o his_o desire_n therefore_o we_o accept_v of_o your_o prayer_n and_o shall_v be_v careful_a to_o accomplish_v all_o by_o god_n assistance_n first_o of_o all_o i_o the_o emperor_n and_o lord_n of_o the_o tartar_n will_v cause_v myself_o to_o be_v baptise_a and_o will_v hold_v that_o faith_n which_o the_o christian_n hold_v advise_v all_o the_o subject_n of_o my_o empire_n to_o do_v the_o same_o but_o not_o with_o that_o intention_n that_o i_o desire_v violence_n shall_v be_v offer_v to_o any_o person_n unto_o the_o second_o we_o answer_v and_o effectual_o intend_v and_o strict_o command_v that_o there_o be_v a_o perpetual_a league_n between_o the_o christian_n and_o the_o tartar_n inviolable_o confirm_v also_o we_o will_v and_o it_o be_v our_o pleasure_n that_o all_o the_o church_n of_o the_o christian_n and_o the_o clergy_n of_o what_o condition_n soever_o whether_o secular_a or_o religious_a have_v and_o enjoy_v their_o privilege_n and_o liberty_n in_o all_o the_o kingdom_n or_o province_n subject_a unto_o my_o dominion_n and_o that_o none_o molest_v they_o as_o for_o what_o concern_v the_o holy_a land_n we_o say_v that_o if_o we_o can_v with_o our_o convenience_n we_o will_v out_o of_o reverence_n unto_o our_o lord_n and_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n go_v in_o person_n but_o because_o we_o have_v much_o business_n in_o these_o our_o kingdom_n we_o will_v and_o enjoin_v our_o brother_n haolon_n to_o bring_v all_o this_o business_n to_o effect_v as_o it_o require_v and_o become_v the_o same_o for_o he_o shall_v free_v the_o city_n of_o jerusalem_n and_o all_o the_o holy_a land_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o pagan_n and_o shall_v restore_v the_o same_o unto_o the_o christian_n and_o now_o for_o what_o concern_v the_o caliph_n of_o baldach_n we_o shall_v issue_v out_o our_o command_n unto_o our_o captain_n baydod_n who_o be_v general_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o turcia_n and_o all_o other_o that_o inhabit_v about_o those_o region_n that_o they_o reduce_v they_o all_o under_o their_o yoke_n and_o utter_o destroy_v the_o caliph_n our_o capital_a enemy_n and_o as_o for_o the_o privilege_n that_o the_o king_n of_o armenia_n require_v by_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o tartar_n it_o be_v our_o pleasure_n that_o he_o may_v have_v satisfaction_n according_a to_o his_o desire_n which_o we_o be_v resolve_v also_o free_o to_o confirm_v and_o last_o as_o concern_v the_o king_n of_o armenia_n demand_n that_o we_o shall_v restore_v the_o land_n of_o his_o kingdom_n take_v from_o he_o by_o the_o saracen_n and_o afterward_o possess_v by_o the_o tartar_n this_o we_o willing_o and_o free_o grant_v unto_o he_o and_o it_o be_v our_o pleasure_n that_o our_o brother_n haolon_n restore_v all_o those_o land_n without_o delay_n and_o also_o our_o will_n and_o pleasure_n be_v that_o many_o tent_n may_v be_v grant_v unto_o the_o aforesaid_a king_n and_o and_o that_o by_o a_o special_a grace_n for_o the_o augmentation_n and_o defence_n of_o his_o kingdom_n thus_o haython_n the_o armenian_a who_o be_v brother_n of_o this_o king_n of_o armenia_n and_o also_o his_o inseparable_a companion_n in_o his_o voyage_n unto_o the_o great_a cham_n into_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o tartary_n the_o point_n which_o king_n haython_n request_v of_o the_o great_a cham_n be_v obtain_v with_o wonderful_a constancy_n of_o faith_n and_o sincerity_n for_o as_o the_o armenian_a writer_n of_o this_o history_n testify_v in_o his_o 24_o the_o chapter_n he_o accomplish_v the_o first_o point_n in_o reference_n unto_o baptism_n without_o delay_n for_o after_o he_o have_v be_v instruct_v in_o the_o christian_a faith_n he_o with_o his_o whole_a court_n and_o all_o his_o nobility_n be_v baptise_a by_o a_o bishop_n that_o be_v chancellor_n of_o armenia_n and_o by_o his_o brother_n haython_n the_o king_n of_o armenia_n and_o have_v now_o haply_o discharge_v his_o embassy_n and_o accomplish_v his_o desire_n accompany_v with_o haolon_n after_o he_o be_v restore_v unto_o his_o kingdom_n he_o gain_v the_o possession_n of_o all_o persia_n be_v then_o without_o a_o king_n meeting_z with_o very_o little_a resistance_n he_o despoil_v also_o the_o caliph_n in_o baldach_n and_o plunder_v the_o city_n which_o abound_v with_o great_a riches_n and_o block_v up_o the_o caliph_n the_o head_n of_o the_o perfidious_a mahometan_a religion_n a_o person_n extreme_o covetous_a who_o reserve_v his_o money_n to_o raise_v a_o army_n in_o a_o castle_n or_o tower_n and_o thence_o cast_v out_o his_o gold_n silver_n and_o jewel_n to_o maintain_v and_o preserve_v his_o life_n if_o possible_a but_o he_o famish_a he_o by_o deprive_v he_o of_o all_o provision_n and_o thus_o speak_v unto_o he_o if_o thou_o have_v not_o so_o covetous_o and_o penurious_o reserve_v this_o treasure_n thou_o have_v free_v thyself_o and_o thy_o city_n but_o now_o enjoy_v thy_o wealth_n and_o eat_v and_o 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especial_o by_o his_o wife_n who_o be_v name_v dioucoscaron_n and_o report_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o lineage_n of_o the_o three_o king_n that_o be_v lead_v by_o the_o star_n and_o offer_v their_o present_n unto_o our_o saviour_n at_o his_o birth_n for_o she_o as_o have_v be_v long_o before_o instruct_v in_o the_o christian_a religion_n so_o also_o be_v inflame_v with_o a_o zeal_n and_o desire_n of_o promote_a the_o christian_a faith_n make_v it_o her_o whole_a endeavour_n by_o the_o extirpation_n of_o the_o wicked_a sect_n of_o mahomet_n to_o restore_v the_o holy_a land_n and_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o christ_n unto_o the_o christian_n therefore_o it_o so_o happen_v by_o the_o zeal_n of_o haython_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n that_o beside_o the_o hithermost_a tartary_n both_o the_o kingdom_n of_o armenia_n and_o colchis_n and_o also_o turcia_n babylon_n syria_n and_o palestine_n free_o and_o with_o great_a liberty_n enjoy_v the_o christian_a profession_n with_o a_o great_a accession_n of_o the_o infidel_n unto_o the_o faith_n of_o christ._n and_o in_o the_o great_a tartâ—ria_n all_o every_o where_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n embrace_v the_o christian_a profession_n even_o unto_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o cathay_n st._n antonius_n confirm_v all_o this_o in_o his_o 3._o tom._n tit._n 19_o chap._n 8._o sect._n 21._o and_o he_o who_o we_o before_o call_v haolon_n he_o call_v ercaltay_v a_o prince_n and_o brother_n of_o cublai_n the_o great_a cham_n for_o he_o a_o long_a time_n after_o his_o baptism_n be_v send_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o emperor_n to_o destroy_v the_o perfidious_a sect_n of_o mahomet_n out_o of_o a_o great_a and_o incredible_a zeal_n he_o have_v to_o the_o orthodox_n religion_n and_o also_o to_o recover_v the_o holy_a land_n as_o we_o have_v before_o relate_v achieve_v many_o exploit_n worthy_a eternal_a memory_n there_o be_v a_o epistle_n of_o his_o extant_a
the_o request_n of_o the_o mandorin_n paul_n and_o leo._n this_o father_n john_n terentius_n be_v a_o german_a of_o the_o city_n of_o constance_n who_o before_o he_o enter_v into_o our_o society_n be_v in_o great_a favour_n and_o request_n with_o prince_n and_o noble_a personage_n for_o his_o exact_a knowledge_n of_o the_o occult_a secret_n of_o nature_n and_o happy_a skill_n in_o physic_n but_o weary_a of_o his_o honour_n and_o fame_n divulge_v far_o and_o near_o and_o renounce_v the_o world_n he_o resolve_v to_o employ_v his_o talon_n in_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o infidel_n wherefore_o he_o undertake_v the_o indian_a expedition_n which_o he_o obtain_v with_o no_o great_a labour_n for_o as_o he_o show_v himself_o a_o indefatigable_a searcher_n out_o of_o the_o mystery_n of_o nature_n so_o now_o by_o this_o opportunity_n he_o pass_v the_o vast_a voyage_n of_o the_o ocean_n not_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o idle_a person_n and_o such_o as_o sleep_v away_o their_o time_n or_o spend_v it_o in_o other_o trivial_a employment_n but_o our_o terentius_n leave_v nothing_o uninquire_v after_o whether_o you_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o the_o natural_a situation_n of_o promontory_n or_o coast_n the_o original_n of_o wind_n the_o property_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o variety_n of_o fish_n therein_o terentius_n be_v now_o arrive_v in_o india_n in_o the_o field_n and_o wood_n and_o be_v a_o most_o skilful_a botanist_n he_o meet_v with_o no_o kind_n of_o plant_n but_o have_v most_o exact_o examine_v he_o enter_v they_o in_o his_o book_n together_o with_o their_o proper_a shape_n and_o distinct_a form_n hence_o have_v search_v out_o the_o coast_n of_o india_n bengala_n malaca_n sumatra_n couchinchina_n and_o the_o rarity_n of_o nature_n worthy_a of_o consideration_n he_o at_o last_o arrive_v at_o maccao_n and_o from_o thence_o he_o come_v into_o china_n the_o accomplishment_n of_o his_o desire_n over_o all_o which_o he_o travel_v by_o a_o direct_a transverse_a and_o oblique_a voyage_n and_o because_o many_o rarity_n of_o nature_n secret_n more_v perspicuous_o present_v themselves_o in_o these_o most_o distant_a climate_n viz._n in_o stone_n plant_n animal_n and_o in_o the_o custom_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n he_o leave_v no_o way_n unsearched_a nor_o mean_n unexamined_a but_o make_v trial_n of_o the_o virtue_n of_o each_o by_o philosophical_a experiment_n and_o as_o he_o be_v not_o unskilful_a in_o paint_v he_o exhibit_v each_o of_o they_o pencil_v to_o the_o life_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n according_a to_o the_o prototype_n or_o draught_n of_o nature_n unto_o the_o admiration_n of_o the_o chinese_n in_o two_o large_a volume_n which_o he_o call_v indian_a pliny_n a_o title_n become_v so_o great_a and_o worthy_a a_o work_n it_o be_v the_o only_a intention_n of_o this_o person_n by_o these_o his_o admirable_a secret_n first_o to_o lay_v open_a a_o way_n for_o himself_o and_o at_o length_n for_o other_o both_o of_o the_o learned_a and_o also_o of_o the_o mandorin_n to_o obtain_v their_o assent_n for_o a_o liberty_n of_o preach_v the_o gospel_n which_o he_o so_o dextrous_o gain_v that_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o person_n that_o do_v not_o esteem_v and_o honour_v he_o as_o a_o man_n send_v down_o from_o heaven_n and_o be_v a_o excellent_a physician_n he_o be_v send_v for_o at_o last_o unto_o all_o person_n of_o what_o estate_n or_o condition_n soever_o they_o be_v that_o be_v afflict_v with_o any_o distemper_n who_o with_o the_o embracement_n of_o the_o bowel_n of_o a_o invincible_a charity_n he_o both_o cure_v of_o their_o bodily_a distemper_n and_o heal_v their_o soul_n that_o be_v oppress_v and_o infect_v with_o the_o darkness_n of_o gentilism_n by_o the_o word_n of_o life_n unto_o the_o incredible_a fruit_n and_o advantage_n of_o the_o christian_a commonwealth_n therefore_o be_v intent_n on_o these_o concernment_n after_o the_o so_o long_o suspend_v business_n of_o the_o mend_n of_o the_o calendar_n and_o the_o 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they_o shall_v be_v lay_v up_o in_o the_o most_o
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virgin_n embrace_v her_o son_n which_o be_v now_o to_o be_v see_v in_o our_o church_n now_o we_o may_v pious_o suppose_v these_o to_o be_v the_o relic_n of_o st._n thomas_n the_o apostle_n or_o of_o some_o late_a propagator_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o idol_n have_v their_o original_n from_o the_o persian_n mede_n and_o the_o indian_a philosopher_n heir_n of_o the_o egyptian_n among_o who_o it_o be_v a_o peculiar_a property_n to_o make_v many_o statue_n to_o signify_v the_o effect_n of_o one_o thing_n they_o continual_o shave_v their_o head_n that_o give_v themselves_o up_o unto_o contemplation_n on_o mountain_n and_o in_o cave_n their_o temple_n be_v so_o full_a of_o idol_n make_v of_o brass_n marble_n wood_n and_o clay_n that_o you_o will_v take_v they_o of_o egyptian_a chapel_n the_o three_o opinion_n of_o the_o profane_a religion_n call_v lanzu_n sect._n answer_v to_o the_o plebeians_z and_o egyptian_z magician_n and_o have_v its_o original_n from_o a_o certain_a philosopher_n who_o flourish_v at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o confutius_n they_o feign_v that_o his_o mother_n bear_v he_o eighty_o year_n in_o her_o womb_n wherefore_o he_o be_v call_v lanzu_n that_o be_v the_o old_a philosopher_n this_o opinion_n promise_v paradise_n unto_o those_o that_o be_v make_v up_o of_o soul_n and_o body_n and_o they_o hang_v up_o in_o their_o temple_n the_o effigy_n of_o certain_a person_n who_o they_o fable_n to_o have_v soar_v up_o unto_o the_o heaven_n they_o prescribe_v method_n of_o exercise_n to_o attain_v the_o same_o which_o consist_v in_o uâ—rious_a rite_n and_o certain_a prayer_n also_o in_o potion_n by_o which_o and_o with_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o god_n they_o promise_v a_o long_a life_n it_o be_v the_o peculiar_a office_n of_o the_o priest_n of_o this_o sect_n by_o impious_a prayer_n to_o exorcise_v devil_n out_o of_o house_n which_o they_o attempt_v by_o affix_v on_o the_o wall_n the_o horrid_a shape_n of_o daemon_n delineate_v with_o black_a on_o yellow_a paper_n then_o they_o fill_v the_o house_n with_o such_o strange_a cry_n that_o themselves_o seem_v to_o be_v fury_n they_o also_o promise_v to_o fetch_v down_o shower_n in_o a_o drought_n to_o stop_v great_a rain_n and_o to_o avert_v private_a or_o public_a misfortune_n and_o these_o be_v the_o three_o chief_a head_n of_o the_o opinion_n of_o these_o idolater_n but_o the_o subtlety_n of_o these_o master_n have_v wrought_v they_o into_o so_o many_o meander_n that_o they_o seem_v scarce_o to_o be_v number_v and_o the_o incredible_a number_n of_o image_n sufficient_o show_v the_o same_o which_o they_o do_v not_o only_o expose_v often_o to_o be_v adore_v in_o their_o temple_n but_o also_o in_o each_o private_a dwelling_n a_o place_n be_v depute_v for_o they_o and_o in_o the_o market_n the_o street_n their_o ship_n and_o palace_n they_o be_v first_o obvious_a to_o the_o sight_n wherein_o they_o imitate_v the_o egyptian_n who_o be_v infamous_a for_o all_o sort_n of_o idol_n but_o to_o clear_v this_o first_o as_o the_o egyptian_n and_o grecian_n believe_v certain_a deity_n to_o preside_v over_o the_o universe_n so_o unto_o these_o do_v the_o chineses_n build_v mystical_a temple_n these_o they_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o egyptian_n pacify_v and_o attract_v with_o various_a rite_n and_o ceremony_n the_o second_o argument_n that_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o chineses_n be_v borrow_a or_o derive_v from_o the_o egyptian_n be_v so_o manifest_a that_o no_o person_n can_v in_o the_o least_o doubt_n or_o question_v the_o same_o and_o it_o be_v this_o that_o unto_o this_o very_a day_n there_o be_v find_v temple_n dedicate_v unto_o mars_n venus_n fortune_n peace_n the_o oreades_n or_o nymph_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o other_o god_n common_a both_o to_o the_o grecian_n and_o egyptian_n as_o the_o ichnography_n of_o the_o metropolitan_a city_n of_o nank_v in_o china_n no_o less_o elegant_o than_o exact_o imprint_v on_o chinesian_a silk_n by_o our_o father_n and_o send_v from_o china_n to_o rome_n some_o year_n since_o will_v sufficient_o prove_v which_o i_o have_v here_o adjoin_v as_o i_o copy_v it_o with_o great_a fidelity_n to_o demonstrate_v the_o great_a affinity_n that_o there_o be_v between_o the_o chinesian_n grecian_a and_o egyptian_a religion_n the_o temple_n of_o the_o chinesian_n go_n the_o temple_n of_o the_o dragon_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o typhon_n the_o temple_n of_o the_o queen_n of_o heaven_n dedicate_v to_o the_o moon_n the_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o heaven_n the_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o daemon_n and_o spirit_n the_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o mountain_n and_o river_n that_o be_v to_o the_o oreades_n and_o nereiades_n the_o temple_n of_o a_o grateful_a mind_n the_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o the_o planet_n mars_n the_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o wall_n the_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o good_a peace_n the_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o the_o spirit_n of_o medicine_n aesculapius_n or_o apollo_n the_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o wood_n or_o diana_n the_o altar_n of_o heaven_n the_o altar_n of_o the_o earth_n ceres_n the_o altar_n of_o the_o god_n of_o rain_n the_o altar_n of_o the_o king_n of_o bird_n these_o be_v so_o agreeable_a to_o the_o grecian_a and_o egyptian_a deity_n that_o all_o their_o idolatry_n seem_v to_o have_v make_v a_o voyage_n thence_o into_o china_n the_o three_o argument_n be_v that_o beside_o their_o letter_n in_o which_o they_o come_v very_o near_o the_o hieroglyphic_n of_o the_o egyptian_n as_o i_o have_v show_v in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o my_o oedipus_n they_o have_v the_o same_o ceremony_n it_o be_v receive_v for_o truth_n on_o all_o hand_n that_o the_o egyptian_n always_o adore_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o pyramid_n with_o a_o certain_a divine_a honour_n the_o tract_n of_o which_o sort_n of_o worship_n continue_v in_o china_n for_o they_o have_v also_o pyramid_n which_o they_o call_v chinees_n and_o hold_v they_o in_o so_o great_a veneration_n that_o no_o person_n dare_v undertake_v any_o thing_n till_o such_o time_n as_o he_o have_v perform_v his_o devotion_n there_o i_o shall_v allege_v petrus_n jarricus_fw-la as_o a_o witness_n of_o this_o matter_n who_o in_o the_o five_o book_n of_o his_o indian_a history_n publish_v in_o french_a chap._n 51._o speak_v of_o they_o have_v these_o word_n follow_v beside_o these_o wooden_a idol_n there_o be_v other_o which_o they_o call_v chinees_n make_v for_o workmanship_n in_o the_o fashion_n of_o pyramid_n within_o which_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o white_a ant_n or_o emmet_n which_o discover_v not_o themselves_o without_o but_o have_v their_o little_a cabin_n or_o lodge_n within_o so_o that_o none_o know_v from_o whence_o they_o receive_v their_o nourishment_n the_o idolater_n stand_v much_o in_o fear_n of_o these_o chinees_n insomuch_o that_o when_o they_o buy_v a_o slave_n they_o first_o bring_v he_o before_o some_o one_o of_o these_o pyramid_n with_o a_o wine-offering_a or_o other_o thing_n which_o they_o present_v unto_o it_o supplicate_v the_o idol_n that_o if_o he_o shall_v run_v away_o he_o will_v cause_v the_o serpent_n lizard_n and_o tiger_n to_o kill_v and_o devour_v he_o whereupon_o the_o poor_a slave_n be_v so_o fearful_a that_o although_o they_o be_v ill_o use_v by_o their_o master_n yet_o do_v they_o never_o presume_v to_o forsake_v they_o from_o which_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o chineses_n borrow_a all_o these_o foppery_n from_o the_o egyptian_n persian_n and_o other_o who_o as_o i_o have_v show_v in_o my_o oedipus_n worship_v a_o stone_n or_o rock_n terminate_v in_o a_o cone_n or_o a_o pyramid_n in_o stead_n of_o a_o deity_n but_o for_o the_o novizonian_a pyramid_n hear_v father_n martinius_n who_o in_o his_o atlas_n fol._n 57_o thus_o describe_v they_o in_o the_o province_n of_o foquien_v say_v he_o be_v
china_n be_v often_o call_v in_o their_o language_n cunghoa_n signify_v the_o middle_a empire_n believe_v themselves_o to_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o midst_n and_o navel_n of_o the_o world_n and_o sometime_o cungque_a a_o garden_n in_o the_o midst_n or_o a_o florid_n garden_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o affluence_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o humane_a life_n for_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v so_o much_o enrich_v from_o the_o defusion_n of_o lake_n and_o river_n break_v out_o every_o where_o from_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o west_n and_o from_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n of_o the_o continue_a mountain_n that_o there_o be_v scarce_o a_o field_n that_o be_v not_o water_v with_o almost_o no_o city_n but_o may_v hold_v a_o correspondency_n with_o other_o by_o ship_n that_o sail_n through_o river_n and_o trench_n to_o the_o great_a convenience_n of_o merchant_n and_o traveller_n the_o most_o perspicuous_a river_n be_v kiang_n for_o its_o largeness_n term_v the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o hoang_n so_o call_v from_o his_o saffron_n colour_n these_o water_n all_o china_n and_o rise_v from_o the_o border_a indian_a mountain_n by_o a_o divide_a dominion_n separate_v the_o whole_a empire_n and_o at_o length_n disembogue_v themselves_o into_o the_o eastern_a ocean_n and_o this_o be_v also_o most_o worthy_a of_o admiration_n in_o the_o chinesian_a world_n and_o which_o happen_v unto_o no_o other_o monarchy_n that_o at_o this_o day_n the_o empire_n be_v so_o situate_a from_o the_o south_n towards_o the_o north_n that_o not_o content_a with_o the_o proper_a munificence_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n it_o have_v moreover_o subject_v both_o the_o torrid_a and_o frigid_a unto_o its_o jurisdiction_n beginning_n from_o the_o 18._o degree_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o proceed_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n through_o the_o temperate_a it_o be_v extend_v almost_o unto_o the_o 70._o degree_n of_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o freeze_a tartarian_a ocean_n within_o the_o frigid_a zone_n in_o all_o 32_o degree_n which_o if_o divide_v into_o 15._o make_v 780_o astronomical_a mile_n of_o which_o 15_o make_v one_o degree_n and_o 3120_o italian_a mile_n 60._o of_o which_o mile_n make_v one_o degree_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n aromatics_n tree_n and_o animal_n be_v so_o common_a unto_o this_o empire_n as_o they_o be_v each_o of_o they_o proper_a to_o their_o peculiar_a climate_n and_o therefore_o what_o be_v scatter_v in_o sundry_a part_n be_v here_o collect_v with_o abundant_a increase_n what_o monarch_n ever_o have_v the_o happiness_n every_o day_n to_o have_v his_o table_n furnish_v with_o the_o seasonable_a and_o proper_a fruit_n of_o the_o indies_n bring_v from_o the_o burn_a zone_n and_o to_o be_v delight_v with_o the_o variety_n and_o abundance_n of_o all_o fruit_n peculiar_a to_o the_o temperate_a zone_n and_o whatever_o else_o serve_v for_o food_n raiment_n or_o pleasure_n for_o what_o this_o vast_a empire_n 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the_o knowledge_n of_o state_n affair_n so_o also_o they_o be_v have_v in_o estimation_n next_o to_o himself_o he_o have_v likewise_o his_o governor_n or_o lord_n lieutenant_n of_o divers_a degree_n which_o be_v term_v mandorin_n and_o accomplish_v in_o variety_n of_o learning_n and_o knowledge_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n rule_v as_o plato_n commonwealth_n only_o by_o learned_a man_n and_o that_o kingdom_n can_v but_o arrive_v to_o 〈◊〉_d great_a height_n of_o felicity_n in_o which_o either_o the_o prince_n act_v like_o a_o philosopher_n or_o a_o philosopher_n reign_v this_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o innumerable_a multiâ—â—des_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o the_o emperor_n govern_v with_o as_o much_o facility_n as_o the_o master_n of_o a_o family_n do_v his_o house_n it_o be_v also_o clear_a from_o the_o magnitude_n splendour_n and_o incredible_a magnificence_n of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o frequency_n of_o bridge_n the_o structure_n of_o which_o 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city_n unto_o which_o be_v subject_a ninety_o two_o less_o
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10._o chekiang_n have_v eleven_o great_a city_n and_o sixty_o two_o other_o subject_n unto_o they_o it_o abound_v in_o silk_n 1242135_o 4525470_o 883115_o 2574_o 8704491_o 44476â—_n 11._o fokien_fw-mi have_v eight_o metropolitan_a city_n and_o unto_o they_o forty_o eight_o other_o 509200_o 1802677_o 1017772_o 600_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 12._o quantung_v vulgar_o canton_n have_v ten_o metropolitan_a city_n unto_o which_o be_v subject_a seventy_o three_o 483360_o 1978022_o 1017772_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 37380_o 13._o quangsi_n have_v twelve_o metropolitan_a city_n and_o subject_a to_o these_o above_o a_o hundred_o other_o 186719_o 1054760_o 431359_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 14._o queicheu_o have_v eight_z metropolitan_a city_n and_o to_o these_o ten_o other_o be_v subject_a 45305_o 231365_o 47658_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 56965_o 15._o junnan_n have_v twelve_o metropolitan_n and_o underthem_fw-mi eighty_o four_o city_n 132958_o 1433110_o 1400568_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr chap._n iii_o of_o the_o city_n of_o china_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n father_n martinius_n samedus_n trigautius_n and_o gruberus_n eye-witness_n relate_v that_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n be_v so_o full_a of_o inhabitant_n the_o town_n and_o village_n so_o contiguous_a that_o do_v the_o wall_n reach_v the_o south_n sea_n it_o may_v deserve_o be_v term_v but_o one_o city_n but_o there_o be_v metropolitan_n and_o chief_a city_n of_o province_n to_o the_o number_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o and_o of_o those_o of_o the_o inferior_a rank_n a_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o sixty_o two_o all_o fortify_v with_o wall_n work_n and_o trench_n beside_o there_o be_v castle_n corporation-town_n village_n and_o grange_n without_o number_n the_o city_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v build_v foursquare_a their_o house_n general_o be_v wood_n and_o not_o above_o one_o story_n poor_a and_o rude_a without_o but_o within_o very_o splendid_a each_o house_n be_v bind_v to_o affix_v a_o shield_n upon_o the_o door_n 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physician_n by_o tradition_n be_v endow_v with_o a_o admirable_a knowledge_n of_o the_o palsy_n by_o which_o with_o incredible_a industry_n they_o find_v out_o the_o most_o latent_fw-la cause_n of_o disease_n and_o then_o apply_v for_o cure_v their_o proper_a remedy_n but_o in_o the_o art_n anvil_v out_o by_o modern_a curiosity_n as_o architecture_n sculpture_n and_o weave_v if_o you_o except_o the_o knowledge_n of_o proportion_n and_o the_o optic_n they_o come_v not_o behind_o the_o european_n for_o their_o other_o acquirement_n see_v what_o i_o have_v say_v in_o the_o precede_a discourse_n and_o he_o that_o desire_v more_o full_a information_n may_v have_v recourse_n to_o the_o abovecited_a author_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o mountain_n of_o china_n and_o the_o stupendous_a prodigy_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v observe_v in_o they_o although_o in_o this_o empire_n mountain_n be_v so_o numerous_a yet_o the_o great_a be_v the_o continual_a theme_n and_o argument_n of_o their_o study_n for_o what_o our_o astrologer_n perform_v by_o the_o celestial_a house_n they_o make_v out_o by_o the_o terrestrial_a hill_n but_o among_o their_o many_o inquiry_n by_o terrene_a calculation_n after_o their_o good_a and_o bad_a fortune_n there_o be_v nothing_o they_o more_o labour_n in_o than_o the_o business_n of_o their_o sepulture_n about_o which_o they_o spare_v no_o cost_n or_o pain_n not_o only_o observe_v with_o no_o small_a scrutiny_n the_o summit_n top_n and_o superficies_n but_o also_o make_v subtle_a inspection_n into_o the_o very_a bowel_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o find_v a_o fortunate_a spot_n of_o ground_n which_o they_o fancy_v to_o resemble_v the_o head_n tail_n or_o heart_n of_o the_o dragon_n which_o do_v they_o joyful_o conclude_v they_o have_v find_v a_o place_n in_o which_o the_o person_n inter_v shall_v be_v happy_a and_o his_o posterity_n successful_a which_o opinion_n i_o believe_v to_o have_v be_v inculcate_v by_o some_o grave_a philosopher_n to_o advance_v a_o filial_a piety_n to_o the_o decease_a parent_n and_o more_o special_a care_n of_o the_o honour_n of_o funeral_n now_o the_o mountain_n of_o china_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n encompass_v with_o great_a village_n pleasant_a for_o most_o beautiful_a sepulchral_v monument_n chase_n and_o grove_n and_o a_o wave_a sea_n of_o rice_n make_v they_o like_o a_o plain_n which_o when_o groves_n and_o wood_n do_v smile_v with_o their_o summer_n attire_n render_v a_o most_o pleasant_a prospect_n the_o chapel_n place_v on_o they_o excel_v for_o magnitude_n and_o splendour_n there_o be_v also_o the_o monastery_n of_o the_o priest_n but_o yet_o in_o the_o thick_a and_o overgrow_a wood_n live_v a_o barbarous_a nation_n not_o yet_o subject_v to_o the_o chinese_n many_o thing_n be_v observe_v in_o these_o mountain_n which_o if_o true_a may_v be_v deserve_o account_v among_o the_o miracle_n of_o nature_n some_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o immense_a height_n have_v a_o perpetual_a serenity_n on_o their_o top_n other_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o continual_a dark_a mantle_n of_o ambient_fw-la thick_a mist_n there_o be_v some_o which_o triumph_v only_o with_o wholesome_a plant_n exile_v all_o venomous_a weed_n in_o the_o mountain_n queyu_n both_o small_a and_o great_a stone_n be_v find_v in_o a_o cubical_a or_o foursquare_a figure_n which_o be_v also_o in_o one_o of_o the_o mountain_n of_o calabria_n of_o which_o we_o have_v treat_v in_o our_o book_n of_o the_o subterranean_a world_n the_o mountain_n paoki_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la have_v the_o figure_n of_o a_o cock_n who_o on_o the_o approach_n of_o a_o storm_n send_v forth_o such_o murmur_n and_o roar_n as_o may_v be_v hear_v at_o a_o great_a distance_n and_o olaus_n magnus_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o northern_a reigon_n say_v that_o such_o monstrous_a sound_v happen_v in_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o botnick_n sea_n that_o be_v also_o worthy_a of_o admiration_n which_o the_o chinesian_a oreoscopists_n relate_v concern_v the_o mountain_n cio_o that_o on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o there_o be_v a_o stone_n five_o perch_n high_a and_o another_o also_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fokien_n which_o as_o often_o 〈◊〉_d a_o storm_n be_v near_o totter_v and_o be_v move_v hither_o and_o thither_o as_o cypress_n 〈◊〉_d shake_v by_o the_o wind_n there_o be_v another_o mountain_n continual_o cover_v with_o frost_n the_o cause_n of_o which_o may_v be_v conjecture_v to_o be_v the_o nitrous_a spirit_n which_o the_o mountain_n together_o with_o the_o vapour_n of_o the_o watery_a receptacle_n therein_o lay_v up_o perspire_v there_o be_v a_o mountain_n in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n which_o have_v two_o top_n the_o uppermost_a of_o which_o resemble_v a_o dragon_n seem_v to_o stoop_v fierce_o at_o the_o low_a spire_n which_o appear_v like_o a_o rampant_a tiger_n from_o who_o various_a aspect_n the_o priest_n make_v many_o rule_n of_o divination_n for_o their_o disciple_n another_o mountain_n by_o its_o seven_o top_n configure_v the_o seven_o star_n in_o the_o constellation_n of_o the_o great_a bear_n but_o the_o
mountain_n fashion_v in_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o idol_n near_o the_o city_n of_o tunchue_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n exceed_v all_o admiration_n concern_v which_o thus_o write_v father_n martinius_n in_o his_o atlas_n page_n 69._o the_o first_o mountain_n of_o this_o province_n say_v he_o be_v worthy_a of_o admiration_n be_v situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n feu_fw-fr for_o from_o this_o mountain_n they_o have_v as_o i_o may_v say_v not_o form_v a_o monstrous_a but_o a_o mountaâ—â—â—_n idol_n which_o they_o call_v fe_o it_o sit_v with_o cross_a leg_n or_o decassated_a foot_n fold_v the_o hand_n in_o his_o bosom_n you_o may_v judge_v of_o the_o magnitude_n the_o eye_n ear_n nostril_n and_o mouth_n be_v perspicuous_a to_o the_o beholder_n at_o least_o two_o mile_n this_o they_o suppose_v not_o to_o have_v be_v cut_v out_o by_o the_o labour_n of_o art_n as_o dinostratus_fw-la offer_v to_o carve_v the_o mountain_n athos_n into_o a_o alexander_n hold_v a_o city_n in_o one_o hand_n and_o a_o river_n in_o the_o other_o but_o the_o mere_a work_n of_o nature_n much_o assist_v by_o fancy_n they_o report_v of_o the_o mountain_n taipe_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la much_o celebrate_v by_o the_o oreoscopists_n or_o mountain-diviner_n that_o a_o drum_n be_v beat_v on_o it_o raise_v sudden_o thunder_n lightning_n and_o great_a tempest_n therefore_o be_v there_o a_o strict_a law_n and_o severe_a punishment_n provide_v for_o whoever_o be_v find_v to_o offend_v in_o this_o kind_n the_o oreologist_n relate_v that_o there_o be_v a_o mountain_n in_o the_o province_n uquang_n which_o be_v so_o tenacious_a of_o its_o own_o right_n that_o if_o any_o one_o have_v felonious_o take_v any_o of_o its_o wood_n fruit_n or_o the_o like_a he_o shall_v never_o be_v able_a to_o depart_v thence_o be_v perpetual_o include_v as_o in_o a_o labyrinth_n but_o he_o that_o religious_o abstain_v may_v go_v thence_o without_o trouble_n but_o we_o reckon_v this_o among_o the_o fable_n of_o the_o bonzii_n there_o also_o be_v aeolian_a or_o windy_a mountain_n such_o as_o in_o europe_n for_o in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n be_v a_o mountuin_n call_v fang_n from_o which_o as_o martinius_n relate_v in_o the_o spring_n and_o autumn_n not_o the_o least_o breath_n appear_v but_o from_o the_o hollow_a cavern_n in_o summer_n assiduous_a blast_n and_o continual_a blowing_n issue_n chap._n v._n of_o wonderful_a lake_n rivers_n and_o spring_n the_o lake_n of_o the_o chineses_n be_v like_o their_o mountain_n full_a of_o rarity_n there_o be_v a_o lake_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n which_o convert_v iron_n into_o copper_n the_o water_n be_v very_o green_a we_o presume_v be_v full_a of_o nitrous_a spirit_n and_o so_o discolour_a with_o coperas_fw-la which_o operate_v in_o the_o conversion_n of_o this_o metal_n another_o lake_n call_v chung_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n have_v a_o great_a wonder_n for_o they_o report_v that_o in_o a_o fair_a house_n 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celebrate_v by_o geographer_n and_o set_v forth_o in_o their_o map_n concern_v which_o their_o history_n relate_v that_o out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o great_a populous_a city_n swallow_v by_o a_o earthquake_n after_o who_o dreadful_a devoration_n the_o scene_n sudden_o change_v into_o the_o prospect_n of_o this_o pleasant_a lake_n none_o but_o a_o child_n swim_v on_o a_o piece_n of_o wood_n escape_v this_o lake_n be_v call_v also_o the_o starry_a sea_n from_o certain_a weed_n appear_v on_o the_o surface_n like_o beamy_a star_n chap._n vi_o of_o strange_a or_o foreign_a plant_n in_o china_n as_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n by_o a_o continue_a tract_n of_o land_n participate_v of_o the_o property_n of_o many_o thing_n with_o india_n the_o sea_n be_v subject_n to_o the_o torrid_a zone_n so_o also_o it_o produce_v various_a plant_n endue_v with_o rare_a and_o admirable_a quality_n of_o some_o whereof_o take_v the_o follow_a account_n the_o first_o be_v of_o the_o rose_n of_o china_n which_o twice_o every_o day_n change_v its_o colour_n now_o be_v all_o purple_a and_o by_o and_o by_o become_v all_o white_a yet_o without_o any_o sweet_a scent_n there_o be_v also_o the_o plant_n call_v cha_fw-mi which_o not_o be_v able_a to_o contain_v itself_o within_o the_o bound_n of_o china_n have_v insinuate_v itself_o into_o europe_n it_o abound_v in_o divers_a region_n of_o china_n and_o there_o be_v great_a difference_n but_o the_o best_a and_o more_o choice_n be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangnan_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o city_n hoeicheu_fw-la the_o leaf_n be_v boil_v and_o infuse_v in_o water_n they_o drink_v very_o hot_a as_o often_o as_o they_o please_v it_o be_v of_o a_o diuretic_n faculty_n much_o fortify_v the_o stomach_n exhilarate_v the_o spirit_n and_o wonderful_o open_v all_o the_o nephritick_n passage_n or_o reins_o it_o free_v the_o head_n by_o suppress_v of_o fuliginous_a vapour_n so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o most_o excellent_a drink_v for_o studious_a and_o sedentary_a person_n to_o quicken_v they_o in_o their_o operation_n and_o albeit_o at_o the_o first_o it_o seem_v insipid_a and_o bitter_a yet_o custom_n make_v it_o pleasant_a and_o though_o the_o turkish_a coffee_n be_v say_v to_o produce_v the_o like_a effect_n and_o the_o mexican_n chocolate_v be_v another_o excellent_a drink_n yet_o tea_n if_o the_o best_a very_o much_o excel_v they_o because_o chocolate_v in_o hot_a season_n inflame_v the_o blood_n more_o than_o ordinary_a and_o coffee_n agitate_v choler_n but_o this_o liquor_n in_o all_o season_n have_v one_o and_o the_o same_o effect_n concern_v this_o plant_n see_v more_o in_o martinius_n his_o atlas_n sinicus_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n grow_v a_o plant_n call_v chisung_a that_o be_v weather-wise_a for_o the_o mariner_n as_o father_n martinius_n relate_v do_v by_o the_o number_n and_o distance_n of_o the_o knot_n grow_v thereon_o predict_v how_o many_o tempest_n shall_v be_v throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n and_o when_o they_o shall_v happen_v in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n there_o grow_v a_o tree_n which_o they_o call_v quanlang_n which_o in_o stead_n of_o pith_n have_v a_o soft_a pulp_n like_a unto_o meal_n whereof_o the_o native_n make_v bread_n and_o apply_v to_o the_o same_o use_v with_o flour_n of_o which_o tree_n marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n make_v mention_v lib._n 3._o chap._n 19_o there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o lake_n near_o the_o city_n vute_v in_o the_o province_n of_o hunnam_n which_o be_v call_v hociniao_n on_o every_o side_n beautiful_o surround_v with_o tree_n the_o leave_n that_o fall_v from_o they_o be_v change_v into_o small_a bird_n of_o a_o black_a colour_n in_o such_o number_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n suppose_v they_o to_o be_v spirit_n so_o martinius_n in_o his_o atlas_n the_o like_a to_o these_o be_v report_v to_o be_v in_o scotland_n and_o elsewhere_o as_o soland_n goose_n clack-geese_n and_o barnacle_n the_o atlas_n of_o china_n mention_n a_o herb_n in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n call_v pusu_n which_o live_v a_o thousand_o year_n and_o have_v the_o virtue_n of_o restore_a youth_n and_o change_v grey_a hair_n into_o black_a the_o truth_n of_o which_o may_v well_o be_v doubt_v there_o be_v also_o find_v the_o root_n call_v ginseng_n in_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n most_o famous_a throughout_o all_o china_n from_o the_o operation_n of_o who_o wonderful_a virtue_n the_o vulgar_a chineses_n believe_v strange_a restoration_n of_o health_n and_o longevity_n see_v father_n martinius_n in_o his_o atlas_n fol._n 35._o it_o be_v report_v that_o there_o grow_v a_o herb_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la call_v quei_z which_o be_v eat_v cause_v mirth_n and_o laughter_n somewhat_o like_a unto_o the_o weed_n apiorisus_fw-la our_o atlas_n report_v a_o admirable_a kind_n of_o withy_n or_o vine_n to_o grow_v in_o the_o mountain_n of_o
they_o be_v not_o adulterate_v be_v of_o as_o strong_a a_o scent_n as_o the_o pure_a zybeth_n but_o the_o crafty_a merchant_n stuff_n the_o purse_n which_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o beast_n make_v with_o the_o blood_n skin_n or_o some_o part_n else_o and_o sell_v they_o for_o the_o true_a and_o genuine_a some_o mix_v it_o with_o dragon_n blood_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n of_o one_o bladder_n make_v two_o or_o three_o but_o yet_o the_o more_o skilful_a do_v discern_v the_o fallacy_n for_o if_o be_v burn_v it_o evaporate_v it_o be_v believe_v to_o be_v true_a but_o if_o it_o remain_v like_o a_o coal_n or_o cinder_n it_o be_v adulterate_a almost_o the_o same_o be_v deliver_v by_o father_n philip_n marinus_n in_o his_o history_n of_o tunchino_n in_o which_o place_n there_o be_v plenty_n of_o these_o animal_n which_o he_o say_v be_v so_o simple_a that_o not_o know_v how_o to_o escape_v they_o will_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n present_v themselves_o unto_o the_o huntsman_n to_o be_v slaughter_v the_o hippopotame_n or_o sea-horse_n by_o the_o chineses_n call_v hayma_n these_o animal_n be_v often_o see_v on_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o chinesian_n and_o indian_a ocean_n in_o hainam_n the_o philippine_n island_n the_o maldivas_n and_o especial_o in_o mozambique_n on_o the_o southern_a coast_n of_o africa_n they_o be_v very_o deform_v creature_n and_o terrible_a to_o behold_v father_n boim_n whilst_o he_o stay_v at_o mozambique_n dissect_v and_o inspect_v one_o of_o they_o of_o who_o take_v the_o follow_a account_n in_o his_o own_o word_n i_o have_v say_v he_o annex_v a_o double_a scheme_n of_o the_o true_a sea-horse_n of_o which_o when_o i_o be_v at_o mozambique_n i_o see_v a_o great_a company_n wallow_v in_o the_o sea_n in_o a_o creek_n on_o the_o sand_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o city_n mozambique_n send_v the_o head_n of_o a_o hippopotame_n unto_o the_o college_n that_o i_o may_v peruse_v it_o which_o measure_v i_o find_v it_o in_o length_n three_o cubit_n from_o the_o mouth_n to_o the_o shoulder_n on_o the_o low_a jaw_n it_o have_v two_o high_a bend_a tooth_n unto_o which_o in_o the_o upper_a jaw_n the_o great_a tooth_n be_v consentaneous_a and_o the_o tongue_n loll_v out_o afterward_o view_v the_o more_o inland_a part_n of_o crafraria_n coast_v the_o shore_n in_o a_o galley_n we_o behold_v at_o least_o fifty_o sea-horse_n within_o a_o stones-cast_a neigh_a and_o play_v divers_a trick_n in_o the_o water_n a_o slave_n with_o his_o musket_n kill_v one_o of_o they_o which_o bring_v ashore_o and_o divide_v it_o among_o his_o companion_n they_o pull_v out_o his_o tooth_n and_o give_v i_o some_o of_o the_o big_a of_o they_o his_o skin_n be_v very_o hard_a he_o have_v no_o hair_n but_o only_o in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o tail_n which_o turn_v in_o they_o cast_v a_o brightness_n like_o polish_a black_a horn_n and_o be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o quill_n or_o small_a reed_n of_o which_o the_o cafres_n make_v bracelet_n both_o for_o ornament_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o palsy_n of_o their_o tooth_n be_v make_v bead_n cross_n and_o image_n some_o stop_v the_o flux_n of_o blood_n but_o all_o have_v not_o this_o virtue_n only_o those_o that_o be_v take_v at_o a_o certain_a season_n of_o the_o year_n in_o the_o royal_a hospital_n at_o goa_n there_o be_v a_o great_a sea-horse_n tooth_n which_o be_v apply_v to_o a_o vein_n that_o be_v open_v will_v immediate_o stop_v the_o blood_n the_o story_n of_o a_o prince_n of_o malabar_n slay_v by_o the_o portuguese_n be_v sufficient_o know_v who_o they_o find_v wound_v with_o many_o bullet_n yet_o without_o any_o sign_n of_o blood_n though_o his_o wound_n be_v gape_v strip_v and_o pull_v away_o a_o piece_n of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o hippopotame_n that_o hang_v about_o his_o neck_n the_o blood_n like_o a_o torrent_n that_o break_v over_o the_o bank_n flow_v out_o of_o the_o dead_a corpse_n be_v before_o so_o stop_v and_o coagulate_v only_o by_o the_o frigid_a nature_n of_o this_o creature_n thus_o father_n boim_n the_o province_n of_o fokien_n have_v a_o animal_n perfect_o resemble_v a_o man_n but_o long_o arm_v and_o hairy_a all_o over_o call_v feeze_v most_o swift_a and_o greedy_a after_o humane_a flesh_n which_o that_o he_o may_v the_o better_o make_v his_o prey_n he_o feign_v a_o laughter_n and_o sudden_o while_o the_o person_n stand_v listen_v seize_v upon_o he_o there_o be_v also_o in_o china_n ape_n and_o baboon_n of_o a_o different_a kind_n whereof_o some_o imitate_v man_n other_o dog_n and_o cat_n and_o be_v also_o tractable_a and_o docile_a to_o admiration_n of_o which_o take_v father_n roth_n relation_n he_o be_v a_o eye-witness_n the_o king_n of_o bengala_n say_v he_o in_o the_o year_n 1650._o dispatch_v unto_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o mogor_n a_o solemn_a embassy_n with_o many_o rich_a present_n among_o which_o be_v a_o triumphal_a chariot_n draw_v by_o two_o white_a horse_n wonderful_o adorn_v with_o gold_n and_o gem_n but_o that_o which_o be_v more_o worthy_a of_o admiration_n the_o charioteer_n be_v no_o humane_a creature_n for_o a_o great_a baboon_n guide_v the_o reins_o with_o no_o small_a skill_n and_o dexterity_n his_o livery_n cloak_n and_o cap_n shine_v with_o scarlet_n and_o gold_n the_o champion_n a_o great_a mastive_a sit_v on_o the_o high_a seat_n as_o in_o a_o throne_n of_o majesty_n deck_v and_o adorn_v with_o gold_n and_o jewel_n in_o so_o great_a splendour_n that_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o great_a prince_n and_o not_o a_o dog_n his_o valets-de-chambre_a page_n and_o lackey_n rich_o dress_v according_a to_o their_o place_n and_o office_n be_v all_o ape_n and_o monkey_n officious_o attend_v round_o about_o he_o who_o so_o well_o have_v learn_v his_o lesson_n that_o when_o any_o person_n of_o quality_n draw_v near_o he_o not_o only_o perform_v due_a reverence_n make_v low_a congee_n but_o his_o well_o instruct_v follower_n do_v the_o like_a which_o the_o emperor_n behold_v with_o great_a pleasure_n and_o admiration_n cause_v a_o high_a treatment_n to_o be_v prepare_v for_o they_o where_o each_o have_v his_o own_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a mess_n and_o his_o guest_n feast_v themselves_o with_o good_a order_n and_o gravity_n this_o pleasant_a comedy_n i_o see_v act_v in_o the_o imperial_a palace_n at_o agra_n so_o far_o father_n roth._n chap._n viii_o of_o several_a fowl_n no_o where_o find_v but_o in_o china_n among_o these_o the_o bird-royal_a which_o they_o call_v fum_o hoam_n deserve_v the_o first_o and_o chief_a place_n of_o who_o father_n boim_n in_o his_o flora_n give_v we_o this_o follow_a account_n this_o bird_n say_v he_o of_o most_o admirable_a beauty_n if_o at_o any_o time_n absent_a or_o a_o while_o unseen_a it_o be_v a_o omen_n of_o some_o misfortune_n to_o the_o royal_a family_n the_o male_n be_v call_v fum_o the_o female_a hoam_n they_o have_v their_o nest_n in_o the_o mountain_n near_o peking_n their_o head_n be_v like_o a_o peacock_n the_o chineses_n emblem_n their_o shoulder_n to_o the_o virtue_n their_o wing_n signify_v justice_n their_o side_n obedience_n and_o the_o nest_n fidelity_n this_o pious_a bird_n as_o they_o term_v it_o be_v in_o this_o like_o a_o rhinoceros_n that_o it_o never_o turn_v but_o go_v backward_o with_o the_o majestic_a pace_n of_o a_o stag_n it_o have_v a_o cock_n train_n crest_v like_o a_o serpent_n foot_n like_o a_o tortoise_n and_o angel_n wing_n the_o emperor_n colaos_n and_o mandorin_n have_v these_o bird_n embroider_a on_o their_o vest_n and_o other_o habit_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o suchue_n be_v fleece-bearing_a hen_n they_o be_v small_a duck-leged_a yet_o bold_a and_o dare_a and_o be_v much_o esteem_v by_o the_o woman_n for_o their_o callow_a down_n and_o soft_a plumage_n resemble_v wool_n delightful_a to_o handle_v they_o also_o report_v that_o in_o this_o province_n there_o be_v a_o bird_n produce_v of_o the_o flower_n tunchon_n which_o therefore_o be_v call_v tunchonfung_a this_o bird_n do_v measure_n out_o life_n with_o the_o day_n of_o the_o flower_n so_o fade_v and_o so_o expire_a she_o be_v vest_v with_o so_o great_a variety_n of_o plume_n that_o her_o wing_n expanded_a lively_o deportray_v the_o beauty_n of_o the_o flower_n when_o blow_v between_o couchinchina_n and_o the_o island_n hainan_n be_v many_o great_a and_o small_a rock_n within_o which_o in_o the_o springtime_n a_o multitude_n of_o little_a bird_n like_v unto_o sparrow_n or_o swallow_n flock_v to_o build_v their_o nest_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v be_v not_o know_v they_o fix_v their_o nest_n to_o the_o rock_n where_o with_o singular_a artifice_n they_o lay_v their_o egg_n hatch_v their_o young_a one_o and_o fly_v away_o their_o nest_n be_v gather_v up_o and_o transport_v by_o whole_a cargo_n into_o china_n and_o japan_n where_o they_o be_v esteem_v as_o great_a
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the_o rest_n and_o may_v true_o be_v call_v palace_n in_o each_o metropolis_n there_o be_v fifteen_o or_o twenty_o and_o oftentimes_o more_o in_o the_o other_o city_n for_o the_o most_o part_n eight_o in_o the_o lesser_a four_o they_o be_v all_o build_v alike_o only_o some_o be_v big_a than_o other_o according_a to_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o perfect_a or_o magistrate_n and_o all_o erect_v at_o the_o emperor_n cost_n for_o his_o officer_n either_o civil_a or_o military_a neither_o do_v the_o emperor_n only_o allow_v they_o palace_n and_o ship_n but_o also_o furniture_n provision_n and_o servant_n the_o great_a palace_n have_v four_o or_o five_o court_n with_o as_o many_o house_n on_o the_o front_n of_o the_o several_a court_n in_o the_o frontispiece_n of_o each_o be_v three_o gate_n that_o in_o the_o middle_a the_o big_a both_o side_n of_o the_o gate_n be_v arm_v with_o lion_n cut_v in_o
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discover_v not_o the_o least_o sign_n of_o demolishment_n nor_o crack_v or_o craze_v with_o age_n but_o appear_v almostas_fw-la in_o its_o first_o strength_n greatness_n and_o beauty_n and_o well_o may_v it_o be_v for_o who_o solidity_n whole_a mountain_n by_o rip_v up_o their_o rocky_a bowel_n for_o quarry_n be_v level_v and_o vast_a desert_n drown_v with_o deep_a and_o swallow_a sand_n sweep_v clean_o to_o the_o firm_a bottom_n there_o be_v also_o a_o channel_n make_v by_o the_o chinese_n at_o a_o vast_a expense_n both_o of_o cost_n and_o labour_n for_o commodious_a navigation_n unto_o the_o royal_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o although_o many_o admire_v the_o dutch_a for_o their_o trench_n or_o cataract_n cut_v through_o the_o land_n for_o passage_n from_o place_n to_o place_n yet_o the_o channel_n jun_n in_o china_n be_v admirable_a beyond_o all_o their_o work_n concern_v which_o martinius_n in_o his_o atlas_n give_v the_o follow_a account_n the_o province_n of_o xantung_a deserve_o 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before_o you_o come_v to_o cine_v they_o let_v it_o in_o from_o the_o lake_n cang_v through_o the_o great_a cataract_n as_o much_o as_o they_o please_v timely_o close_v the_o passage_n to_o prevent_v a_o inundation_n these_o cataract_n be_v common_o call_v tung-pa_n because_o they_o sustain_v the_o force_n of_o the_o water_n flow_v from_o the_o lake_n now_o when_o ship_n arrive_v that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v force_v to_o sail_v through_o the_o lake_n they_o have_v cut_v a_o trench_n or_o channel_n on_o the_o bank_n fortify_v with_o rampire_n by_o which_o all_o ship_n do_v easy_o pass_v at_o each_o cataract_n be_v person_n maintain_v at_o the_o public_a charge_n to_o attend_v the_o ship_n until_o they_o be_v pass_v the_o cataract_n the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n be_v rough_a and_o mountainous_a not_o able_a to_o compare_v with_o other_o province_n for_o great_a city_n multitude_n of_o inhabitant_n and_o richness_n of_o soil_n yet_o afford_v two_o commodity_n of_o great_a profit_n which_o none_o of_o the_o rest_n have_v and_o those_o of_o so_o great_a use_n that_o they_o be_v a_o ornament_n to_o the_o whole_a empire_n the_o first_o be_v many_o thousand_o bail_n of_o the_o best_a paper_n which_o plentiful_o furnish_v the_o fifteen_o province_n the_o other_o be_v that_o gum_n which_o they_o call_v cie_n distil_v from_o tree_n not_o unlike_o that_o which_o drop_v from_o our_o fir-tree_n and_o of_o this_o they_o make_v that_o varnish_n wherewith_o they_o so_o dress_v their_o house_n that_o although_o the_o outside_n be_v but_o low_a and_o mean_a yet_o within_o they_o far_o exceed_v all_o europe_n for_o splendour_n every_o thing_n therein_o be_v so_o transparent_a that_o you_o can_v look_v no_o where_o but_o as_o in_o a_o mirror_n each_o opposite_a object_n be_v represent_v and_o be_v temper_v with_o divers_a colour_n and_o beautify_v with_o bird_n flower_n and_o dragon_n the_o several_a effigy_n of_o god_n and_o goddess_n and_o other_o figure_n draw_v to_o the_o life_n which_o at_o once_o abundant_o delight_n and_o cause_n admiration_n in_o the_o beholder_n when_o the_o gum_n be_v gather_v they_o make_v it_o of_o what_o colour_n they_o please_v but_o the_o gold_n colour_n be_v in_o most_o esteem_n and_o next_o that_o the_o black_n before_o it_o be_v dry_v it_o send_v forth_o venomous_a exhalation_n which_o cause_v swell_n the_o pthysick_n and_o consumption_n but_o they_o who_o use_v this_o preparation_n have_v a_o antidote_n ready_a which_o defend_v they_o from_o infection_n thing_n paint_v with_o this_o gum_n or_o varnish_n dry_v soon_o in_o a_o damp_n place_n but_o once_o dry_v never_o yield_v nor_o melt_v the_o chineses_n also_o boast_v of_o other_o excellent_a invention_n as_o first_o that_o ingenious_a art_n of_o printing_n use_v by_o they_o long_o before_o it_o be_v know_v in_o europe_n but_o yet_o they_o understand_v not_o the_o right_a use_n of_o it_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o art_n of_o sound_v letter_n or_o compose_v with_o they_o but_o cut_v or_o engrave_v upon_o wood_n what_o they_o have_v to_o print_v like_o our_o sculp_v plate_n fit_v for_o the_o rowling-press_n so_o that_o not_o be_v able_a to_o distribute_v their_o character_n they_o be_v force_v to_o have_v a_o stand_n from_o for_o every_o page_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o print_n of_o one_o volume_n ofttimes_o fill_v a_o whole_a house_n with_o their_o typographical_a table_n as_o for_o example_n if_o the_o whole_a have_v but_o 100_o sheet_n they_o must_v have_v 400_o table_n the_o diameter_n of_o the_o bell_n of_o peking_n next_o the_o canon_n where_o it_o begin_v to_o close_v at_o the_o top_n be_v 8_o cubit_n 5_o digit_n the_o circumference_n of_o the_o handle_v bend_v be_v 3_o cubit_n and_o there_o the_o dameter_n be_v about_o 1_o cubit_n the_o altitude_n of_o the_o perpendicular_a canon_n above_o the_o top_n be_v three_o cubit_n now_o the_o chinesian_a cubit_n be_v divide_v
and_o pomegranate_n but_o in_o that_o of_o huquang_n only_o one_o sort_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v the_o winter-gold-apple_n because_o they_o be_v ripe_a in_o the_o winter_n and_o be_v sweet_a of_o taste_n there_o be_v in_o fokien_n the_o best_a sort_n of_o they_o which_o differ_v not_o much_o in_o bigness_n from_o the_o apple_n in_o europe_n but_o be_v like_a unto_o the_o muscate_a grape_n for_o taste_n and_o smell_v this_o fruit_n dry_v and_o confect_v in_o sugar_n will_v keep_v a_o whole_a year_n and_o be_v a_o very_a delicate_a sweetmeat_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n drop_v from_o the_o tree_n a_o certain_a fatness_n whereof_o they_o make_v very_o white_a candle_n much_o better_a than_o those_o of_o tallow_n for_o they_o neither_o foul_a the_o finger_n when_o put_v out_o nor_o be_v of_o a_o ill_a smell_n the_o tree_n be_v very_o large_a and_o in_o its_o leave_n and_o shape_n be_v not_o unlike_o the_o pear-tree_n in_o europe_n it_o have_v white_a blossom_n as_o the_o cherrytree_n after_o the_o blossom_n follow_v a_o round_a berry_n as_o big_a as_o a_o cherry_n but_o with_o a_o brown_a and_o thin_a skin_n under_o which_o lie_v a_o white_a substance_n which_o when_o the_o fruit_n be_v ripe_a and_o the_o skin_n burst_v be_v see_v and_o then_o they_o gather_v the_o berry_n and_o boil_v they_o in_o water_n which_o when_o hot_a smell_v like_o flesh_n but_o when_o cold_a it_o feel_v like_o tallow_n the_o leave_n of_o this_o tree_n be_v very_o fat_a on_o which_o the_o sheep_n and_o cow_n feed_v and_o therewith_o become_v fat_a in_o a_o short_a time_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n grow_v the_o apple_n call_v sucu_n which_o dry_v as_o we_o do_v fig_n in_o europe_n will_v keep_v good_a a_o whole_a year_n together_o and_o be_v as_o a_o delicate_a sell_v in_o all_o part_n of_o china_n it_o be_v big_a than_o the_o ordinary_a apple_n in_o this_o country_n and_o of_o a_o deep_a red_a colour_n the_o kernel_n do_v not_o lie_v in_o the_o middle_n but_o stand_v upright_o on_o one_o side_n be_v uncertain_a in_o the_o number_n for_o in_o some_o there_o be_v find_v ten_o fifteen_o or_o more_o according_a as_o they_o be_v in_o largeness_n while_o in_o other_o there_o be_v none_o at_o all_o it_o be_v red_a within_o and_o pleasant_a of_o taste_n when_o ripe_a here_o also_o be_v some_o apple_n green_a of_o skin_n and_o hard_a and_o be_v eat_v after_o the_o manner_n as_o the_o apple_n in_o england_n this_o last_o sort_n of_o fruit_n grow_v no_o where_o but_o in_o china_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n grow_v the_o fruit_n lichi_n which_o be_v ripe_a as_o a_o rarity_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o emperor_n court._n the_o great_a quantity_n thereof_o be_v find_v in_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o fokien_n the_o portuguese_n at_o macao_n call_v it_o lichas._n it_o grow_v upon_o very_o high_a tree_n who_o leave_n be_v like_o those_o of_o the_o laurel_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o branch_n grow_v the_o fruit_n in_o cluster_n as_o grape_n but_o be_v very_o like_a for_o fashion_n unto_o a_o small_a heart_n and_o about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o acorn_n with_o a_o rough_a shell_n as_o the_o lesser_a pineapple_n but_o not_o so_o thick_a be_v easy_o pull_v off_o with_o the_o finger_n it_o be_v kernel_n be_v full_a of_o juice_n white_a of_o colour_n pleasant_a of_o taste_n and_o smell_v like_o a_o rose_n and_o be_v ripe_a receive_v a_o purple_a colour_n it_o be_v a_o very_a pleasant_a sight_n to_o view_v the_o tree_n then_o show_v as_o if_o they_o hang_v full_a of_o small_a heart_n so_o that_o with_o great_a reason_n may_v this_o be_v call_v the_o king_n of_o fruit_n be_v both_o so_o pleasant_a to_o behold_v and_o taste_v through_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n there_o grow_v no_o pine-apple_n but_o only_o in_o this_o province_n there_o be_v also_o another_o sort_n of_o round_a fruit_n call_v kungyen_n that_o be_v dragons-eye_n not_o much_o unlike_o the_o former_a only_o it_o be_v somewhat_o small_a and_o round_a be_v for_o the_o bigness_n much_o like_o our_o cherry_n in_o europe_n but_o hard_a of_o skin_n this_o fruit_n be_v dry_v and_o sell_v every_o where_o in_o market_n but_o it_o be_v much_o better_o eat_v fresh_a from_o the_o tree_n here_o also_o grow_v the_o fruit_n muiginli_n that_o be_v the_o plum_n of_o the_o fair_a woman_n be_v round_o and_o exceed_v the_o damas_n pruine_n for_o bigness_n and_o goodness_n in_o this_o country_n grow_v likewise_o in_o several_a place_n a_o certain_a fruit_n call_v duriones_fw-la which_o though_o of_o a_o ill_a taste_n be_v yet_o very_o wholesome_a it_o be_v dry_a in_o operation_n cause_n sweat_v and_o be_v good_a against_o the_o wind_n and_o dropsy_n provide_v it_o be_v eat_v moderate_o for_o otherwise_o it_o will_v overheat_v the_o liver_n most_o man_n at_o first_o fancy_n this_o fruit_n to_o smell_v like_o rot_a egg_n but_o after_o they_o have_v once_o eat_v of_o it_o they_o change_v opinion_n esteem_v it_o to_o be_v the_o sweet_a that_o ever_o they_o do_v eat_v of_o the_o grandee_n make_v account_n of_o this_o fruit_n as_o a_o great_a delicacy_n and_o think_v they_o can_v never_o have_v enough_o of_o it_o the_o leaf_n or_o the_o herb_n betel_n which_o we_o speak_v of_o before_o to_o be_v so_o chew_v by_o they_o have_v so_o great_a a_o aversion_n to_o this_o fruit_n that_o it_o spoil_n and_o rot_v the_o same_o if_o it_o lie_v near_o unto_o it_o insomuch_o that_o if_o at_o any_o time_n any_o person_n eat_v too_o much_o of_o that_o the_o betel_fw-mi be_v a_o present_a remedy_n against_o the_o same_o in_o quantung_n be_v a_o certain_a fruit_n call_v musa_n the_o tree_n whereon_o it_o grow_v be_v very_o delightful_a as_o well_o for_o height_n as_o its_o large_a spread_a arm_n and_o call_v by_o some_o the_o indian_a figtree_n the_o leave_n be_v nine_o handful_n long_o and_o two_o and_o a_o half_a broad_a the_o one_o side_n of_o a_o brown_a colour_n and_o the_o other_o green_n it_o shoot_v forth_o several_a branch_n upon_o which_o hang_v the_o fig_n which_o be_v of_o several_a kind_n for_o some_o be_v yellow_a long_a pleasant_a of_o taste_n and_o well_o scent_v other_o green_a long_a and_o well_o taste_v but_o both_o hard_a of_o digestion_n nevertheless_o it_o breed_v good_a blood_n and_o cure_v the_o cough_n and_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o tree_n be_v good_a against_o ague_n and_o other_o distemper_n chap._n xvi_o of_o animal_n as_o kind_a nature_n have_v abundant_o provide_v and_o bless_v china_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o tree_n bush_n herb_n and_o fruit_n so_o it_o have_v make_v the_o same_o no_o less_o fruitful_a in_o the_o product_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o irrational_a creature_n as_o beast_n fish_n fowl_n etc._n etc._n of_o fourfooted_a creature_n the_o sheep_n in_o china_n be_v like_o those_o of_o persia_n and_o tartary_n have_v long_o and_o thick_a tail_n which_o they_o drag_v after_o they_o weigh_v forty_o or_o fifty_o pound_n their_o flesh_n be_v very_o sweet_a near_o the_o garrison_n of_o tieki_n be_v great_a store_n of_o cow_n have_v very_o long_o thick_a and_o curl_a tail_n which_o the_o chinese_n soldier_n wear_v for_o ornament_n in_o their_o cap_n in_o stead_n of_o feather_n near_o to_o the_o city_n of_o cingcheu_fw-la and_o tengcheu_fw-la there_o be_v find_v in_o the_o maw_n of_o a_o cow_n a_o stone_n call_v nienhoang_v which_o signify_v the_o yellow_a of_o the_o cow_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o colour_n it_o be_v of_o several_a size_n and_o sometime_o as_o big_a as_o a_o goose_n egg_n and_o although_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o firm_a and_o close_o as_o the_o bezoar_n stone_n and_o consequent_o light_a yet_o be_v it_o by_o the_o chinese_n value_v and_o esteem_v much_o before_o it_o it_o seem_v outward_o to_o be_v chalk_n and_o be_v much_o commend_v for_o several_a use_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n be_v a_o creature_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v the_o swift_a cow_n for_o it_o be_v so_o nimble_a of_o foot_n that_o it_o can_v run_v more_o than_o three_o hundred_o mile_n in_o a_o day_n in_o cincheu_fw-la be_v a_o certain_a beast_n very_o like_o a_o cow_n have_v horn_n much_o white_a than_o ivory_n which_o be_v a_o exceed_o great_a lover_n of_o salt_n and_o therefore_o when_o at_o any_o time_n the_o huntsman_n go_v abroad_o to_o take_v any_o of_o they_o they_o carry_v bag_n of_o salt_n with_o they_o which_o they_o lay_v as_o a_o bait_n and_o on_o this_o they_o will_v feed_v with_o such_o greediness_n that_o they_o rather_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v kill_v than_o leave_v off_o their_o so_o dear_o belove_v prey_n in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o city_n of_o nanchang_n the_o inhabitant_n feed_v their_o hog_n as_o well_o within_o the_o city_n as_o
and_o complain_v with_o tear_n in_o their_o eye_n kiangus_n who_o take_v compassion_n of_o they_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o injustice_n and_o villainy_n of_o the_o fact_n send_v immediate_o one_o of_o his_o attendant_n to_o the_o viceroy_n panang_v with_o request_n that_o he_o will_v be_v please_v to_o give_v order_n that_o the_o ravish_a bride_n may_v be_v restore_v to_o her_o bridegroom_n for_o that_o he_o be_v grow_v distract_v upon_o the_o loss_n of_o she_o desire_v also_o that_o care_n may_v be_v take_v to_o prevent_v the_o like_a abuse_n for_o the_o future_a but_o the_o viceroy_n give_v no_o heed_n to_o this_o request_n of_o the_o governor_n but_o suffer_v the_o tartar_n to_o go_v away_o with_o the_o rape_n unquestioned_a which_o kiangus_n take_v so_o to_o heart_n that_o he_o go_v to_o the_o viceroy_n himself_o in_o person_n who_o not_o only_o refuse_v to_o give_v he_o audience_n upon_o it_o but_o command_v he_o to_o be_v put_v out_o of_o his_o court._n kiangus_n boil_v with_o revenge_n at_o this_o uncivil_a carriage_n of_o the_o viceroy_n towards_o he_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v never_o serve_v those_o that_o countenance_n such_o abominable_a action_n and_o not_o long_o after_o have_v draw_v his_o force_n together_o he_o come_v with_o they_o and_o fall_v upon_o panang_n in_o his_o court_n kill_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o follower_n but_o panang_v save_v himself_o by_o be_v let_v down_o with_o a_o rope_n over_o the_o wall_n and_o so_o escape_v with_o his_o life_n kiangus_n hereupon_o know_v that_o what_o he_o have_v do_v be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n to_o make_v he_o lose_v his_o head_n if_o he_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o tartar_n set_v up_o his_o standard_n and_o promise_n to_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n but_o name_v none_o in_o particular_a for_o he_o know_v not_o that_o junglieu_n be_v elect_v to_o that_o dignity_n be_v at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n from_o he_o he_o likewise_o use_v all_o endeavour_n to_o draw_v the_o chineses_n to_o take_v part_n with_o he_o and_o to_o stand_v up_o for_o the_o regain_n the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n which_o by_o the_o unheard_a of_o oppression_n of_o the_o tartar_n they_o have_v lose_v several_a commander_n and_o officer_n hear_v of_o this_o come_v and_o join_v with_o he_o so_o that_o by_o this_o revolt_n of_o kiangus_n new_a trouble_n be_v arisen_a in_o the_o emperor_n court_n at_o peking_n and_o the_o more_o in_o regard_n the_o western_a tartar_n favour_v he_o who_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v more_o man_n into_o the_o field_n than_o the_o eastern_a especial_o horse_n of_o which_o they_o have_v great_a plenty_n whereas_o there_o be_v but_o few_o in_o the_o other_o now_o to_o nip_v these_o rise_n in_o the_o bud_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o kiangus_n a_o very_a great_a army_n be_v forthwith_o raise_v in_o peking_n and_o send_v against_o he_o kiangus_n who_o be_v no_o less_o wise_a than_o valiant_a and_o very_o well_o understand_v the_o humour_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v converse_v many_o year_n with_o they_o at_o first_o seem_v as_o if_o he_o be_v afraid_a to_o stay_v the_o come_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o he_o flee_v with_o his_o force_n but_o this_o be_v do_v only_o out_o of_o policy_n to_o draw_v they_o to_o pursue_v after_o he_o have_v by_o the_o way_n lay_v a_o ambuscade_n for_o they_o which_o take_v good_a effect_n the_o tartar_n be_v thereby_o set_v upon_o and_o defeat_v and_o after_o they_o have_v rally_v be_v beat_v in_o the_o open_a field_n a_o second_o time_n the_o news_n of_o this_o double_a defeat_n be_v bring_v to_o peking_n occasion_v again_o new_a trouble_n in_o the_o court_n especial_o when_o they_o hear_v that_o kiangus_n his_o army_n consist_v of_o above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o horseman_n and_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o foot_n of_o which_o great_a multitude_n there_o be_v no_o wonder_n for_o every_o person_n be_v glad_a of_o his_o success_n and_o ready_a to_o follow_v he_o as_o the_o redeemer_n of_o their_o country_n from_o the_o tartar_n slavery_n when_o now_o the_o emperor_n uncle_n understand_v with_o how_o great_a success_n this_o kiangus_n proceed_v he_o resolve_v to_o march_v himself_o with_o all_o the_o force_n the_o empire_n be_v able_a to_o make_v against_o he_o for_o he_o dare_v not_o trust_v any_o with_o a_o concern_v upon_o which_o depend_v the_o welfare_n of_o the_o whole_a state_n he_o therefore_o cause_v the_o eight_o standard_n under_o who_o march_v all_o the_o whole_a tartar_n militia_n to_o be_v make_v ready_a for_o the_o war_n and_o according_o that_o he_o may_v lose_v no_o time_n draw_v forth_o the_o choice_a soldier_n of_o this_o great_a body_n wherewith_o he_o march_v against_o kiangus_n to_o chastise_v he_o for_o his_o revolt_n strengthen_v himself_o also_o by_o the_o way_n with_o the_o addition_n of_o many_o more_o force_n which_o he_o have_v from_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o although_o he_o command_v a_o very_a great_a army_n yet_o he_o avoid_v by_o all_o mean_n fight_v with_o kiangus_n who_o give_v he_o occasion_n and_o provoke_v he_o on_o purpose_n to_o draw_v he_o to_o battle_n but_o the_o tartar_n take_v a_o better_a course_n fear_v the_o uncertain_a event_n of_o war_n in_o a_o battle_n and_o know_v how_o to_o overcome_v his_o enemy_n at_o a_o far_o cheap_a rate_n as_o be_v but_o ill_o furnish_v with_o provision_n and_o therefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o delay_v he_o so_o long_o till_o he_o shall_v be_v compel_v to_o leave_v the_o field_n for_o want_v of_o victual_n and_o other_o necessary_n beside_o another_o reason_n that_o make_v he_o unwilling_a to_o give_v battle_n be_v because_o he_o first_o desire_v to_o receive_v a_o answer_n from_o the_o western_a tartar_n king_n to_o who_o he_o have_v send_v a_o ambassador_n with_o very_o rich_a present_n and_o several_a handsome_a woman_n with_o order_n also_o to_o demand_v his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n for_o the_o emperor_n his_o nephew_n and_o request_v he_o not_o to_o give_v any_o assistance_n to_o kiangus_n the_o rebel_n and_o so_o much_o operation_n have_v this_o embassy_n upon_o the_o king_n of_o taniju_n or_o west-tartary_n that_o he_o return_v the_o ambassador_n immediate_o with_o a_o satisfactory_a answer_n and_o promise_v that_o he_o will_v continue_v from_o thenceforward_a in_o peace_n and_o amity_n with_o the_o great_a cham._n kiangus_n also_o have_v send_v thither_o for_o aid_n but_o find_v himself_o frustrate_v in_o his_o expectation_n and_o desert_v think_v it_o most_o advisable_a for_o he_o to_o make_v towards_o the_o city_n of_o taitung_n into_o which_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o enter_v but_o the_o tartar_a force_n be_v at_o his_o heel_n and_o get_v to_o the_o very_a gate_n and_o in_o the_o space_n of_o three_o day_n with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o peasant_n who_o be_v compel_v to_o come_v in_o a_o deep_a trench_n of_o ten_o mile_n in_o circumference_n be_v draw_v round_o about_o it_o whereupon_o kiangus_n find_v himself_o thus_o pen_v up_o and_o that_o no_o relief_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v but_o he_o must_v either_o be_v kill_v or_o starve_v like_o a_o valiant_a commander_n thus_o bespeak_v his_o man_n you_o see_v fellow_n soldier_n into_o what_o a_o straight_a we_o be_v reduce_v there_o be_v no_o hope_n to_o escape_v but_o by_o fight_v like_o man_n the_o sword_n on_o one_o side_n and_o hunger_n on_o the_o other_o encompass_v we_o let_v we_o not_o suffer_v ourselves_o to_o perish_v with_o hunger_n but_o rather_o with_o our_o sword_n in_o our_o hand_n dear_o sell_v they_o our_o life_n or_o with_o their_o hazard_n cut_v the_o way_n to_o our_o safety_n through_o our_o enemy_n carcase_n i_o for_o my_o part_n will_v die_v with_o my_o zable_n in_o my_o hand_n he_o have_v no_o soon_o end_v his_o speech_n but_o he_o and_o all_o his_o force_n make_v a_o sally_n out_o into_o the_o trench_n where_o both_o side_n fight_v for_o a_o while_n with_o equal_a courage_n till_o kiangus_n unhappy_o strike_v with_o a_o dart_n fall_v down_o dead_a at_o the_o very_a sight_n whereof_o the_o chineses_n despair_v of_o make_v their_o way_n through_o the_o enemy_n some_o fling_v down_o their_o arm_n and_o call_v for_o quarter_n other_o betake_v themselves_o to_o fight_n such_o as_o submit_v free_o to_o the_o tartar_n have_v their_o life_n spare_v for_o they_o now_o think_v they_o have_v do_v enough_o in_o overcome_v so_o great_a and_o dread_a a_o enemy_n who_o power_n will_v have_v endanger_v the_o loss_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n after_o they_o have_v clear_v the_o field_n and_o total_o rout_v and_o destroy_v the_o chinese_n army_n they_o march_v into_o the_o city_n taitung_n who_o plunder_n be_v give_v to_o the_o victorious_a soldier_n and_o not_o long_o after_o the_o general_n have_v first_o take_v care_n for_o the_o