make_v use_n of_o a_o javelin_n or_o pike_n as_o well_o as_o mars_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v conceive_v this_o be_v more_o for_o the_o convenience_n of_o his_o travel_n which_o be_v afoot_a and_o that_o many_o time_n in_o the_o winter_n haply_o over_o the_o alps_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o most_o of_o the_o great_a captain_n and_o general_n of_o rome_n as_o livy_n and_o plutarch_n abundant_o attest_v the_o ten_o medal_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d caiazzo_n julii_fw-la caesaris_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la dictatoris_fw-la the_o effigy_n of_o caesar_n crown_v with_o a_o thick_a crown_n of_o laurel_n which_o close_v before_o the_o better_a to_o cover_v his_o baldness_n the_o hair_n be_v thrust_v forward_o to_o help_v it_o the_o reverse_n have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d iliensium_fw-la bis_fw-la neocororum_fw-la aeneas_n carry_v his_o father_n and_o the_o palladium_n at_o their_o quit_n of_o troy_n the_o little_a julus_n go_v before_o with_o his_o hat_n in_o his_o hand_n that_o which_o in_o this_o fall_v under_o question_n be_v first_o to_o know_v the_o situation_n of_o this_o ilium_n wherein_o strabo_n have_v spend_v more_o sweat_n than_o all_o the_o geographer_n affirm_v it_o be_v not_o the_o ilium_n of_o his_o time_n a_o town_n well_o know_v nor_o any_o thing_n build_v upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o old_a one_o so_o ill-entreated_n by_o the_o greek_n as_o be_v distant_a from_o this_o thirty_o stadia_fw-la that_o in_o that_o place_n there_o be_v only_o a_o small_a village_n bear_v up_o the_o name_n that_o it_o be_v build_v up_o by_o alexander_n from_o a_o small_a town_n that_o it_o be_v before_o have_v a_o little_a temple_n of_o minerva_n much_o ruin_v and_o receive_v from_o he_o divers_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n with_o a_o promise_n after_o his_o victory_n over_o darius_n of_o a_o magnificent_a temple_n and_o the_o toleration_n and_o set_v up_o of_o game_n and_o exercise_n this_o be_v partly_o execute_v after_o his_o death_n by_o lysimachus_n who_o enlarge_v the_o city_n by_o a_o wall_n of_o forty_o stadia_fw-la dispose_v thither_o many_o out_o of_o the_o neighbour_a city_n that_o be_v ruin_v after_o which_o it_o be_v ruin_v and_o restore_v diverse_a time_n but_o last_o it_o receive_v great_a favour_n from_o sylla_n which_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o it_o declare_v against_o caesar_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o those_o of_o that_o city_n know_v not_o at_o that_o time_n that_o caesar_n pretend_v to_o be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o venus_n and_o anchises_n which_o be_v only_o find_v out_o after_o his_o victory_n but_o at_o length_n caesar_n receive_v they_o into_o favour_n restore_v and_o confirm_v their_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n and_o imitate_v alexander_n do_v they_o many_o courtesy_n in_o the_o second_o place_n the_o understanding_n of_o these_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d iliensium_fw-la neocororum_fw-la the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v translate_v common_o aedituorum_fw-la which_o we_o can_v render_v proper_o in_o english_a but_o by_o overseer_n supervisor_n and_o those_o that_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o temple_n and_o dispose_v of_o all_o thing_n sacred_a or_o in_o some_o sort_n they_o be_v such_o as_o we_o call_v churchwarden_n in_o our_o church_n but_o they_o be_v not_o those_o neocori_n of_o the_o temple_n that_o this_o medal_n and_o divers_a other_o represent_v unto_o we_o but_o the_o word_n be_v analogical_o apply_v to_o whole_a nation_n as_o also_o to_o city_n and_o body_n corporate_a to_o who_o the_o king_n and_o afterward_o the_o emperor_n give_v commission_n to_o make_v panegyric_n and_o encomiastic_a oration_n upon_o their_o statue_n pomp_n religious_a worship_n public_a recreation_n and_o exercise_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o god_n and_o prince_n which_o be_v do_v out_o of_o the_o public_a stock_n or_o by_o the_o contribution_n of_o the_o corporation_n as_o therefore_o the_o neocori_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o temple_n be_v disposer_n and_o guardian_n of_o the_o thing_n sacred_a that_o be_v in_o their_o sanctuary_n nay_o haply_o entertain_v the_o people_n or_o stranger_n with_o the_o rarity_n and_o antiquity_n of_o their_o worship_n and_o mystery_n so_o these_o national_n neocori_n have_v the_o superintendency_n over_o the_o pomp_n and_o solemnity_n panegyricall_a celebration_n exercise_n sacrifice_n and_o ceremony_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v upon_o the_o more_o festival_n day_n whereof_o they_o have_v the_o absolute_a disposal_n this_o i_o build_v upon_o the_o conjecture_n of_o the_o great_a and_o learned_a selden_n who_o be_v the_o first_o cut_v this_o gordian_a knot_n upon_o a_o passage_n of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n chap._n 19_o there_o we_o have_v demetrius_n and_o those_o of_o his_o profession_n raise_v a_o tumult_n and_o accuse_v st._n paul_n and_o other_o for_o preach_v that_o the_o statue_n make_v with_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n be_v not_o go_n the_o town-clark_n or_o the_o churchwarden_n have_v appease_v the_o tumult_n tell_v they_o that_o it_o be_v wellknown_a that_o the_o city_n of_o ephesus_n be_v then_o neocore_n in_o the_o english_a translation_n worshipper_n of_o the_o great_a goddess_n diana_n and_o of_o the_o image_n fall_v from_o jupiter_n and_o that_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o contradiction_n in_o that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n rash_o for_o these_o man_n faith_n he_o be_v neither_o sacrilegious_a nor_o blasphemous_a person_n and_o therefore_o have_v do_v nothing_o against_o the_o majesty_n of_o diana_n but_o if_o they_o have_v any_o matter_n against_o any_o man_n the_o law_n be_v open_a but_o in_o case_n it_o be_v something_o else_o relate_v to_o their_o goddess_n whether_o by_o blasphemy_n impiety_n or_o sacrilege_n the_o cognizance_n whereof_o do_v of_o right_o belong_v to_o the_o ephesian_n in_o body_n as_o be_v then_o neocori_n they_o shall_v have_v satisfaction_n in_o a_o full_a assembly_n convocate_v for_o thing_n of_o that_o nature_n now_o those_o silver_n shrine_n which_o demetrius_n be_v say_v to_o make_v be_v conceive_v to_o have_v be_v model_n of_o that_o magnificent_a temple_n which_o the_o ephesian_n be_v neocori_n cause_v out_o of_o magnifice_fw-la to_o be_v make_v of_o that_o rich_a metal_n have_v this_o controversy_n between_o the_o apostle_n and_o the_o goldsmith_n come_v to_o a_o decision_n they_o have_v proceed_v thus_o they_o will_v have_v have_v some_o to_o make_v public_a panegyric_n of_o their_o goddess_n in_o the_o first_o place_n then_o if_o paul_n and_o his_o companion_n shall_v not_o rest_v satisfy_v this_o neocorean_a people_n will_v have_v punish_v they_o according_a to_o their_o manner_n now_o that_o the_o neocori_n of_o the_o temple_n be_v use_v to_o commend_v to_o all_o comer_n especial_o traveller_n the_o greatness_n and_o power_n of_o their_o god_n and_o that_o the_o neocori_n of_o city_n imitate_v they_o but_o do_v it_o with_o great_a pomp_n employ_v person_n eminent_a for_o learning_n and_o eloquence_n as_o poet_n and_o orator_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o god_n as_o also_o their_o king_n monarch_n emperor_n founder_n and_o that_o upon_o day_n in_o stituted_a and_o ordain_v for_o that_o purpose_n may_v be_v learn_v from_o horace_n who_o lib._n 2._o ep._n 1._o writing_n to_o augustus_n call_v those_o poet_n aidituos_a who_o shall_v immortalize_v the_o virtue_n of_o that_o emperor_n or_o rather_o those_o who_o be_v charge_v to_o choose_v such_o as_o shall_v do_v it_o in_o these_o verse_n sed_fw-la tamen_fw-la est_fw-la operae_fw-la pretium_fw-la cognoscere_fw-la quale_fw-la be_v aedituos_fw-la habeat_fw-la belli_fw-la spectata_fw-la domique_fw-la virtus_fw-la indigno_fw-la non_fw-la committenda_fw-la poetae_fw-la but_o beside_o selden_n have_v well_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v none_o of_o these_o medal_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o that_o the_o city_n of_o greece_n be_v not_o yet_o arrive_v to_o that_o esteem_n of_o the_o roman_a greatness_n by_o the_o fabric_n of_o their_o money_n and_o other_o sign_n of_o veneration_n which_o they_o have_v come_v to_o since_o it_o become_v a_o monarchy_n this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o that_o great_a judicious_a man_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o absolute_o true_a for_o there_o be_v find_v the_o mark_n of_o this_o magnificence_n under_o the_o title_n of_o neocori_n abundant_o among_o the_o medal_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a whereof_o goltzius_n reckon_v above_o 20._o with_o this_o inscriptionâ—_n koinon_n make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d whence_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o people_n of_o macâ—donia_n be_v general_o neocori_n have_v cause_v these_o coin_n to_o be_v stamp_v in_o the_o honour_n of_o alexander_n have_v upon_o the_o reverse_n the_o figure_n of_o statue_n chariot_n temple_n column_n etc._n etc._n nay_o the_o maronean_n in_o
to_o the_o extraordinary_a labour_n of_o his_o soldier_n reward_v fore_o whereas_o they_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o their_o wintering-camp_n before_o winter_n be_v end_v and_o be_v carry_v unreasonable_o upon_o a_o service_n he_o reward_v they_o with_o the_o booty_n and_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n contrary_a to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o the_o roman_a warfare_n which_o reserve_v either_o all_o or_o the_o most_o part_n thereof_o for_o the_o public_a treasury_n and_o leave_v the_o soldier_n to_o his_o stipendiary_a entertainment_n which_o be_v a_o point_n very_o observable_a in_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o war_n wherein_o be_v require_v as_o well_o eminent_a and_o extraordinary_a attempt_n as_o common_a and_o usual_a duty_n and_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o wise_a commander_n be_v think_v worthy_a their_o answerable_a reward_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o gergovia_n as_o it_o follow_v in_o the_o seven_o commentary_n l._n fabius_n a_o centurion_n tell_v his_o companion_n that_o the_o booty_n and_o pillage_n which_o he_o have_v get_v at_o the_o take_n of_o avaricum_n will_v not_o suffer_v any_o man_n to_o get_v up_o upon_o the_o wall_n before_o himself_o and_o so_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o honourable_a attempt_n be_v honourable_o reward_v do_v as_o seed_v sow_v in_o good_a ground_n multiply_v the_o increase_n of_o like_a virtuous_a action_n and_o this_o be_v one_o principal_a mean_n which_o he_o use_v to_o give_v courage_n and_o valour_n to_o his_o soldier_n as_o when_o he_o go_v to_o get_v spain_n from_o pompey_n and_o that_o faction_n bell_n he_o borrow_a money_n of_o the_o tribune_n &_o centurion_n &_o give_v it_o in_o largess_n to_o the_o soldier_n whereby_o he_o gain_v as_o he_o say_v two_o advantage_n quod_fw-la pignore_fw-la animos_fw-la centurionum_fw-la devinxit_fw-la &_o largitione_n redemit_fw-la militum_fw-la voluntates_fw-la for_o he_o engage_v the_o centurion_n to_o he_o whilst_o he_o have_v this_o pledge_n from_o they_o and_o by_o his_o largesse_n purchase_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o soldier_n chap._n iii_o caesar_n summon_v a_o general_a council_n and_o carry_v his_o army_n against_o the_o senones_n a_o general_n councillor_n meet_v of_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n be_v summon_v caesar_n according_a to_o his_o first_o resolution_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n whereas_o all_o the_o rest_n save_v the_o senones_n carnutes_n and_o treviri_n make_v their_o appearance_n he_o conceive_v of_o it_o as_o the_o begin_n of_o war_n and_o defection_n and_o thereupon_o set_v all_o other_o thing_n aside_o he_o transfer_v the_o council_n to_o the_o city_n of_o paris_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o senones_n which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o father_n have_v unite_v their_o state_n unto_o they_o but_o be_v hold_v clear_a of_o this_o confederacy_n this_o thing_n be_v publish_v from_o the_o tribunal_n the_o same_o day_n he_o carry_v the_o legion_n against_o the_o senones_n and_o by_o great_a journey_n come_v into_o their_o country_n his_o come_v be_v know_v acco_n the_o chief_a author_n of_o that_o rebellion_n command_v the_o multitude_n to_o go_v into_o city_n and_o town_n of_o defence_n but_o as_o they_o endeavour_v before_o it_o can_v be_v accomplish_v news_n be_v bring_v that_o the_o roman_n be_v already_o come_v whereby_o they_o necessary_o leave_v off_o their_o purpose_n and_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o entreat_v for_o favour_n they_o use_v the_o mediation_n of_o the_o hedui_n who_o state_n have_v of_o old_a time_n be_v in_o faith_n and_o league_n with_o the_o roman_n caesar_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o hedui_n do_v willing_o afford_v they_o pardon_v and_o accept_v their_o excuse_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o judge_v the_o summer_n time_n fit_a to_o be_v spend_v in_o the_o war_n which_o be_v come_v on_o he_o rather_o than_o in_o matter_n of_o question_n and_o judgement_n and_o have_v command_v a_o hundred_o pledge_n he_o deliver_v they_o to_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o hedui_n the_o carnutes_n likewise_o send_v messenger_n and_o pledge_n and_o by_o the_o entreaty_n of_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n who_o client_n they_o be_v receive_v the_o same_o answer_n caesar_n end_v the_o council_n and_o command_v horseman_n to_o be_v send_v he_o from_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n the_o first_o observation_n it_o shall_v not_o seem_v impertinent_a to_o the_o reader_n that_o i_o take_v occasion_n here_o to_o say_v somewhat_o touch_v the_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o this_o parliament_n or_o councell-generall_a parliament_n wherein_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n or_o at_o the_o least_o such_o as_o do_v acknowledge_v the_o roman_a sovereignty_n present_v their_o fealty_n and_o be_v mutual_a witness_n of_o each_o other_o allegiance_n concern_v which_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o as_o all_o natural_a body_n have_v a_o transitory_a be_v depend_v upon_o motion_n and_o function_n of_o part_n so_o special_o state_n and_o commonweal_n as_o sympathize_v with_o natural_a cause_n have_v no_o certain_a continuance_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o be_v but_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o alteration_n of_o time_n and_o fortune_n and_o do_v pass_v the_o age_n of_o a_o natural_a life_n from_o infancy_n grow_v to_o better_a strength_n until_o it_o come_v to_o the_o best_a perfection_n which_o year_n can_v afford_v it_o and_o then_o decay_v again_o by_o like_a degree_n even_o to_o the_o period_n and_o death_n of_o that_o policy_n for_o remedy_v whereof_o and_o for_o the_o prevention_n of_o any_o weaken_a disease_n which_o may_v infect_v either_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o body_n or_o so_o possess_v any_o part_n thereof_o as_o it_o may_v thereby_o prove_v either_o dangerous_a or_o unprofitable_a among_o other_o help_n these_o counsel_n and_o meeting_n have_v be_v think_v necessary_a wherein_o every_o particular_a state_n and_o city_n have_v some_o of_o their_o society_n present_a as_o well_o to_o open_v their_o grievance_n if_o any_o be_v and_o to_o seek_v ease_n and_o relief_n by_o way_n of_o treaty_n and_o dispute_n as_o also_o to_o receive_v such_o direction_n and_o mandate_n as_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o prince_n shall_v think_v meet_a for_o their_o government_n for_o as_o this_o common_a council_n or_o general_a assembly_n may_v well_o be_v term_v the_o pulse_n of_o a_o politic_a body_n whereby_o the_o true_a state_n and_o temperature_n thereof_o be_v discern_v so_o be_v it_o also_o as_o a_o treaty_n or_o parley_n and_o a_o renew_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o peace_n between_o the_o head_n and_o the_o member_n where_o sovereignty_n and_o obedience_n be_v mutual_o propound_v do_v concur_v in_o the_o establish_n of_o true_a and_o perfect_a government_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o the_o politician_n of_o late_a time_n do_v in_o their_o write_n call_v the_o reduce_n of_o a_o common-weal_n to_o the_o first_o beginning_n for_o the_o noisome_a and_o superfluous_a humour_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v purge_v and_o abate_v the_o body_n of_o the_o public_a weal_n be_v refine_v into_o such_o true_a and_o natural_a element_n and_o settle_v in_o that_o disposition_n of_o health_n as_o may_v give_v great_a hope_n of_o long_a continuance_n beside_o this_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o these_o assembly_n there_o be_v many_o necessary_a business_n conclude_v and_o many_o thing_n agree_v unto_o serve_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o war_n against_o party_n and_o faction_n as_o namely_o the_o leviâ—s_n and_o supply_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n grant_v by_o this_o council_n as_o a_o subsidy_n which_o in_o the_o roman_a army_n receive_v stipend_n and_o pay_v by_o the_o name_n of_o auxiliary_a or_o associate_v force_n whereof_o we_o read_v in_o many_o place_n of_o these_o commentary_n and_o particular_o in_o this_o book_n but_o the_o roman_n use_v special_o the_o service_n of_o their_o horseman_n as_o the_o flower_n of_o their_o strength_n and_o far_o exceed_v their_o foot_n company_n in_o execution_n of_o arm_n and_o use_n of_o war_n wherein_o the_o gall_n have_v ever_o challenge_v a_o preeminence_n before_o other_o their_o neighbour_n nation_n and_o have_v continue_v the_o same_o reputation_n even_o unto_o this_o time_n footman_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o nimble_a and_o quick_a motion_n of_o their_o spirit_n which_o be_v better_o suit_v with_o the_o swift_a and_o speedy_a execution_n of_o horse_n then_o with_o any_o readiness_n which_o their_o own_o strength_n can_v afford_v they_o or_o what_o other_o cause_n it_o have_v i_o know_v not_o but_o this_o i_o be_o sure_a of_o that_o as_o the_o world_n take_v notice_n of_o their_o hot_a fantasy_n so_o will_v the_o french_a be_v reckon_v the_o best_a horseman_n of_o any_o other_o nation_n the_o last_o say_n which_o i_o observe_v concern_v this_o council_n be_v the_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v summon_v which_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o spring_n rather_o than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o
with_o caesar_n in_o adversity_n have_v draw_v all_o the_o multitude_n of_o servant_n and_o child_n out_o of_o the_o country_n into_o the_o town_n and_o shut_v up_o the_o gate_n dispatch_v messenger_n to_o scipio_n and_o pompey_n for_o succour_v to_o be_v send_v unto_o he_o in_o that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v out_o a_o long_a siege_n scipio_n understanding_n of_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o army_n from_o dyrrachium_fw-la have_v bring_v the_o legion_n to_o larissa_n and_o pompey_n do_v not_o as_o yet_o approach_v near_o unto_o thessalia_n caesar_n have_v fortify_v his_o camp_n command_v mantelet_n ladder_n and_o hurdle_n to_o be_v make_v ready_a for_o a_o surprise_n which_o be_v fit_v and_o prepare_v he_o exhort_v the_o soldier_n and_o show_v they_o what_o need_v there_o be_v for_o the_o relieve_n of_o their_o want_n and_o supply_v of_o all_o necessary_n to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o opulent_a and_o full_a town_n as_o also_o by_o their_o example_n to_o terrify_v the_o other_o city_n and_o what_o they_o do_v to_o do_v speedy_o before_o it_o can_v be_v succour_v whereupon_o by_o the_o singular_a industry_n of_o the_o soldier_n the_o same_o day_n he_o come_v thither_o give_v the_o assault_n after_o the_o nine_o hour_n notwithstanding_o the_o exceed_a height_n of_o the_o wall_n he_o take_v the_o town_n before_o sunset_n afternoon_n and_o give_v it_o to_o the_o soldier_n to_o be_v rifle_v and_o present_o remove_v from_o thence_o come_v to_o metropolis_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o outgo_v as_o well_o messenger_n as_o news_n of_o take_v the_o town_n the_o metropolitan_n induce_v with_o the_o same_o respect_n at_o first_o shut_v up_o their_o gate_n and_o fill_v their_o wall_n with_o arm_a man_n but_o afterward_o understand_v by_o the_o captive_n who_o caesar_n cause_v to_o be_v bring_v forth_o what_o have_v happen_v to_o they_o of_o gomphi_n they_o present_o open_v their_o gate_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v all_o preserve_v in_o safety_n which_o happiness_n of_o they_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o desolation_n of_o gomphi_n there_o be_v no_o one_o state_n of_o all_o thessalia_n except_v they_o of_o larissa_n which_o be_v keep_v in_o with_o great_a force_n by_o scipio_n but_o yield_v obedience_n to_o caesar_n and_o do_v what_o he_o command_v caesar_n have_v now_o get_v a_o place_n plenteous_a of_o corn_n which_o be_v now_o almost_o ripe_a he_o resolve_v to_o attend_v pompey_n come_n and_o there_o to_o prosecute_v the_o residue_n of_o that_o war_n observation_n livie_n say_v 5._o that_o the_o siege_n of_o that_o place_n which_o we_o will_v quick_o take_v premenda_fw-la must_v be_v prosecute_v and_o urge_v hard_o which_o rule_n caesar_n observe_v for_o he_o follow_v it_o so_o hard_a that_o he_o take_v the_o town_n fortify_v with_o exceed_v high_a wall_n in_o four_o hour_n space_n or_o thereabouts_o after_o he_o begin_v to_o assault_v it_o which_o plutarch_n say_v be_v so_o plentiful_o store_v of_o all_o necessary_a provision_n that_o the_o soldier_n find_v there_o a_o refection_n of_o all_o the_o misery_n and_o want_n they_o suffer_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la insomuch_o as_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v new_o make_v both_o in_o body_n and_o courage_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o wine_n victual_n and_o riches_n of_o that_o place_n which_o be_v all_o give_v unto_o they_o cyri._fw-la according_a to_o that_o of_o xenophon_n lex_fw-la inter_fw-la omnes_fw-la homines_fw-la perpetua_fw-la est_fw-la quando_fw-la belligerantium_fw-la vrbs_fw-la capta_fw-la fuerit_fw-la cuncta_fw-la corum_fw-la esse_fw-la qui_fw-la eam_fw-la ceperint_fw-la &_o corpora_fw-la â—orum_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o urbe_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o bona_fw-la legate_n it_o be_v a_o general_a law_n among_o all_o man_n that_o when_o a_o enemy_n town_n be_v forcible_o take_v all_o that_o be_v find_v in_o it_o as_o well_o body_n as_o good_n be_v at_o their_o disposal_n who_o have_v take_v it_o appian_n say_v the_o german_n be_v so_o drink_v that_o they_o make_v all_o man_n laugh_v at_o they_o and_o that_o if_o pompey_n have_v surprise_v they_o in_o these_o disorder_n they_o may_v have_v pay_v dear_a for_o their_o entertainment_n he_o add_v moreover_o to_o show_v the_o stiffness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n against_o caesar_n that_o there_o be_v find_v in_o a_o surgeon_n hall_n twenty_o two_o principal_a personage_n stiff_o dead_a upon_o the_o ground_n without_o appearance_n of_o any_o wound_n have_v their_o goblet_n by_o they_o and_o he_o that_o give_v the_o poison_n sit_v upright_o in_o a_o chair_n as_o dead_a as_o the_o rest_n 8_o and_o as_o phâ—lip_n have_v take_v acrolisse_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o â—â—tirians_n draw_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o his_o obedience_n through_o the_o fear_n they_o conceive_v of_o their_o usage_n so_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o calamity_n which_o befall_v gomphi_n and_o the_o good_a entreaty_n which_o the_o metropolitan_o find_v by_o yield_v unto_o caesar_n bring_v all_o the_o other_o city_n under_o his_o command_n chap._n xxix_o pompey_n come_v into_o thessalia_n his_o army_n conceive_v assure_v hope_n of_o victory_n pompey_n a_o few_o day_n after_o come_v into_o thessalia_n caesar_n and_o there_o call_v all_o the_o army_n together_o first_o give_v great_a thanks_o to_o his_o own_o man_n and_o then_o exhort_v scipio_n soldier_n that_o the_o victory_n be_v already_o obtain_v they_o will_v be_v partaker_n of_o the_o booty_n and_o of_o the_o reward_n and_o take_v all_o the_o legion_n into_o one_o camp_n he_o make_v scipio_n partaker_n both_o of_o his_o honour_n and_o authority_n command_v the_o trumpet_n to_o attend_v his_o pleasure_n for_o matter_n of_o direction_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v use_v a_o praetoriall_a pavilion_n pompey_n have_v strengthen_v himself_o with_o a_o addition_n of_o another_o great_a army_n every_o man_n be_v confirm_v in_o his_o former_a opinion_n and_o their_o hope_n of_o victory_n be_v increase_v so_o that_o the_o long_o they_o delaâ—ed_v the_o matter_n the_o more_o they_o seem_v to_o prolong_v their_o return_n into_o italy_n and_o albeit_o pompey_n proceed_v slow_o and_o deliberate_o in_o the_o business_n yet_o it_o be_v but_o a_o day_n work_n but_o some_o there_o be_v that_o say_v he_o be_v well_o please_v with_o authority_n and_o command_n and_o to_o use_v man_n both_o of_o consular_a dignity_n and_o of_o the_o praetorian_a order_n as_o his_o vassal_n and_o servant_n and_o now_o they_o begin_v to_o dispute_v open_o concern_v reward_n and_o dignity_n of_o priesthood_n and_o point_v out_o those_o which_o from_o year_n to_o year_n be_v to_o be_v choose_v consul_n other_o beg_v the_o house_n and_o good_n of_o such_o as_o be_v with_o caesar_n beside_o a_o great_a controversy_n that_o further_o grow_v between_o they_o in_o open_a council_n whether_o l._n hirrus_n be_v not_o to_o be_v regard_v at_o the_o next_o election_n of_o praetor_n be_v absent_a and_o employ_v by_o pompey_n against_o the_o parthian_n and_o as_o his_o friend_n urge_v pompey_n with_o his_o promise_n give_v at_o his_o departure_n require_v he_o may_v not_o now_o be_v deceive_v through_o his_o greatness_n and_o authority_n the_o rest_n run_v a_o course_n of_o as_o great_a danger_n and_o labour_n see_v no_o reason_n by_o way_n of_o contradiction_n why_o one_o man_n shall_v be_v respect_v before_o all_o other_o and_o now_o domitius_n scipio_n and_o spinther_n lentulus_n begin_v to_o grow_v to_o high_a word_n in_o their_o daily_a meeting_n concern_v caesar_n priesthood_n lentulus_n allege_v by_o way_n of_o ostentation_n the_o honour_n that_o be_v due_a to_o his_o age_n and_o authority_n domitius_n vaunt_v of_o the_o credit_n and_o favour_n he_o have_v at_o rome_n and_o scipio_n trust_v to_o pompey_n alliance_n moreover_o atius_n rusus_n accuse_v l._n afranius_n to_o pompey_n for_o betray_v the_o army_n in_o spain_n l._n domitius_n give_v out_o in_o council_n that_o after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v all_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o rank_n of_o senator_n shall_v be_v inquire_v upon_o by_o a_o triple_a commission_n and_o that_o those_o which_o be_v personal_o in_o the_o war_n shall_v be_v of_o the_o commission_n to_o judge_v the_o rest_n as_o well_o such_o as_o be_v at_o rome_n as_o those_o that_o do_v no_o service_n in_o this_o war_n the_o first_o commission_n shall_v be_v to_o clear_v such_o as_o have_v well-deserved_n from_o all_o danger_n the_o second_o penal_a and_o the_o three_o capital_a and_o to_o conclude_v every_o man_n labour_v either_o to_o have_v a_o reward_n or_o to_o be_v avenge_v of_o his_o enemy_n neither_o do_v they_o think_v so_o much_o of_o the_o mean_n how_o to_o overcome_v as_o how_o to_o use_v the_o victory_n the_o first_o observation_n the_o tale_n which_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n relate_v to_o the_o commissioner_n of_o lewis_n the_o eleven_o comineus_n king_n of_o france_n concern_v the_o part_n between_o they_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o charles_n duke_n of_o
shore_n of_o the_o aegaean_a sea_n where_o meet_v accidental_o with_o a_o certain_a merchant_n ship_n of_o rome_n he_o embark_v himself_o in_o she_o and_o sail_n to_o mitylene_n where_o his_o wife_n and_o family_n be_v have_v take_v they_o with_o he_o and_o get_v together_o what_o man_n and_o ship_n a_o shatter_v fortune_n can_v furnish_v he_o with_o he_o depart_v thence_o in_o very_o great_a doubt_n and_o perplexity_n not_o able_a to_o resolve_v whither_o to_o dispose_v of_o himself_o he_o be_v advise_v by_o some_o to_o march_v into_o africa_n and_o shelter_v himself_o with_o juba_n who_o friendship_n and_o affection_n towards_o he_o he_o have_v receive_v testimony_n of_o but_o very_o late_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n his_o best_a course_n be_v to_o retire_v among_o the_o parthian_n but_o at_o last_o by_o his_o own_o wilfulness_n it_o be_v vote_v he_o shall_v go_v into_o egypt_n which_o he_o be_v the_o more_o incline_v to_o out_o of_o a_o consideration_n of_o the_o friendship_n and_o correspondence_n which_o he_o have_v have_v with_o king_n ptolemey_n father_n to_o he_o who_o then_o reign_v and_o so_o touch_v at_o cyprus_n he_o sail_v towards_o egypt_n and_o arrive_v at_o alexandria_n thus_o be_v the_o controversy_n for_o no_o less_o than_o the_o know_a world_n decide_v in_o one_o day_n caesar_n be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n and_o victory_n of_o pompey_n side_n there_o be_v slay_v fifteen_o thousand_o if_o you_o will_v take_v it_o upon_o caesar_n credit_n and_o of_o his_o own_o not_o two_o thousand_o caesar_n have_v intelligence_n of_o pompey_n flight_n pursue_v he_o without_o any_o stay_n with_o the_o swift_a and_o light_a of_o his_o army_n so_o to_o give_v he_o as_o little_a breath_n as_o he_o can_v afford_v that_o he_o may_v not_o meet_v with_o any_o mean_n or_o opportunity_n to_o recover_v or_o repair_v himself_o reduce_v all_o city_n as_o he_o pass_v he_o come_v to_o the_o sea_n side_n and_o take_v up_o all_o the_o ship_n and_o galley_n he_o can_v meet_v with_o and_o such_o as_o cassius_n who_o be_v receive_v into_o his_o favour_n can_v furnish_v he_o with_o he_o embark_v such_o troop_n as_o he_o can_v and_o pass_v into_o asia_n the_o less_o where_o understanding_n that_o pompey_n have_v be_v at_o cyprus_n he_o easy_o presume_v that_o he_o be_v go_v for_o egypt_n he_o thereupon_o resolve_v to_o take_v the_o same_o course_n and_o take_v with_o he_o only_o two_o legion_n of_o his_o old_a soldier_n he_o safe_o arrive_v at_o alexandria_n where_o he_o soon_o understand_v that_o pompey_n be_v arrive_v upon_o a_o confidence_n as_o be_v say_v before_o there_o may_v have_v remain_v some_o sense_n and_o memory_n in_o young_a ptolemey_n of_o the_o entertainment_n and_o favour_n he_o have_v do_v his_o father_n but_o he_o be_v as_o much_o mistake_v in_o this_o as_o he_o have_v be_v elude_v by_o fotune_n in_o the_o war_n for_o he_o find_v that_o the_o friendship_n of_o great_a man_n and_o prince_n seldom_o outlive_v their_o prosperity_n and_o that_o adversity_n make_v they_o the_o great_a stranger_n that_o may_v be_v be_v by_o this_o king_n ptolemey_n invite_v into_o protection_n and_o upon_o that_o confidence_n come_v towards_o the_o shore_n in_o a_o small_a boat_n he_o be_v ere_o he_o can_v reach_v the_o land_n murder_v by_o the_o same_o king_n commandment_n by_o septimius_n and_o achillas_n who_o think_v by_o that_o mean_n to_o purchase_v caesar_n favour_n this_o be_v do_v by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o photinus_n a_o eunuch_n who_o authority_n both_o with_o king_n and_o court_n be_v very_o great_a caesar_n receive_v also_o news_n that_o pompey_n wife_n and_o his_o son_n sextus_n pompeius_n be_v flee_v from_o that_o port_n in_o the_o same_o vessel_n wherein_o they_o come_v be_v land_v and_o receive_v into_o the_o city_n he_o be_v soon_o present_v with_o the_o head_n of_o the_o great_a pompey_n which_o out_o of_o a_o consideration_n of_o the_o horridnesse_n of_o the_o fact_n he_o will_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n see_v his_o ring_n also_o and_o his_o seal_n with_o his_o coat_n of_o arm_n upon_o it_o be_v present_v to_o he_o which_o cause_v he_o to_o reflect_v on_o the_o great_a success_n adventure_n and_o prosperity_n of_o that_o great_a and_o glorious_a man_n beside_o that_o he_o be_v to_o look_v on_o he_o as_o his_o son_n in_o law_n it_o draw_v tear_n from_o he_o to_o compare_v they_o with_o his_o unfortunate_a end_n thus_o be_v he_o who_o have_v three_o time_n triumph_v be_v so_o many_o time_n consul_n be_v the_o most_o eminent_a and_o the_o most_o concern_v person_n that_o rome_n have_v for_o so_o many_o year_n together_o one_o who_o have_v be_v acquaint_v with_o all_o the_o dignity_n so_o great_a a_o commonwealth_n can_v confer_v upon_o a_o deserve_a citizen_n most_o inhumane_o and_o perfidious_o assassinate_v to_o the_o great_a regret_n of_o he_o who_o be_v look_v on_o as_o most_o desirous_a of_o it_o this_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n conclude_v that_o opinion_n erroneous_a that_o caesar_n be_v so_o extreme_o overjoy_v at_o the_o news_n of_o pompey_n death_n that_o he_o cause_v upon_o that_o very_a place_n where_o he_o have_v order_v his_o head_n to_o be_v inter_v a_o temple_n to_o be_v build_v to_o the_o goddess_n nemesis_n which_o some_o interpret_v a_o most_o unnatural_a revengefulnesse_n a_o horrid_a insultation_n over_o a_o clamitous_a virtue_n and_o a_o profanation_n of_o divine_a worship_n to_o abuse_v the_o name_n of_o a_o goddess_n for_o to_o immortalize_v the_o memory_n of_o his_o vengeance_n and_o to_o authorise_v the_o injustice_n of_o it_o but_o it_o be_v as_o easy_a to_o give_v the_o title_n of_o barbarism_n and_o cruelty_n to_o magnanimity_n and_o height_n of_o courage_n as_o to_o say_v the_o contrary_a and_o therefore_o caesar_n certain_o can_v not_o be_v guilty_a of_o so_o great_a a_o hypocrisy_n as_o to_o shed_v tear_n over_o his_o enemy_n head_n when_o he_o be_v inward_o surprise_v with_o joy_n caesar_n upon_o his_o arrival_n into_o egypt_n find_v it_o embroil_v in_o civil_a war_n arise_v from_o some_o difference_n between_o young_a ptolemey_n and_o his_o sister_n cleopatra_n about_o the_o division_n and_o inheritance_n of_o the_o kingdom_n wherein_o caesar_n as_o consul_n of_o rome_n think_v sit_v to_o be_v a_o mediator_n photinus_n and_o achillas_n the_o plotter_n and_o practiser_n of_o pompey_n death_n fear_v from_o caesar_n a_o reward_n of_o vengeance_n proportion_v to_o so_o horrid_a a_o crime_n and_o perceive_v his_o inclination_n to_o favour_n cleopatra_n take_v such_o order_n by_o their_o great_a influence_n over_o king_n and_o court_n that_o they_o bring_v what_o army_n the_o king_n have_v near_o the_o city_n which_o consist_v of_o about_o 20000._o able_a man_n and_o this_o they_o do_v out_o of_o a_o design_n to_o entrap_v caesar_n and_o act_v the_o same_o perfidious_a butchery_n upon_o he_o as_o they_o have_v do_v upon_o pompey_n by_o this_o mean_n there_o begin_v between_o what_o force_v caesar_n have_v bring_v with_o he_o and_o those_o of_o the_o egyptian_n within_n and_o about_o the_o city_n as_o also_o between_o the_o ship_n and_o galley_n in_o harbour_n the_o hot_a dispute_n and_o sharp_a encounter_n he_o ever_o meet_v with_o which_o we_o shall_v not_o particularize_v here_o because_o it_o be_v the_o proper_a work_n of_o a_o complete_a history_n one_o thing_n our_o observation_n can_v balk_v in_o these_o hot_a and_o occasional_a engagement_n that_o caesar_n himself_o be_v personal_o engage_v in_o most_o dispute_n both_o within_o the_o city_n and_o among_o the_o ship_n and_o that_o to_o the_o great_a hazard_n of_o his_o person_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o that_o one_o adventure_n when_o he_o be_v force_v to_o leap_v out_o of_o the_o boat_n wherein_o he_o be_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o by_o swim_v to_o recover_v one_o of_o his_o galley_n and_o be_v in_o this_o great_a extremity_n if_o you_o will_v believe_v suetonius_n he_o carry_v his_o commentary_n in_o one_o hand_n above_o the_o water_n and_o his_o robe_n in_o his_o tooth_n that_o it_o may_v not_o fall_v into_o the_o enemy_n hand_n in_o these_o conflict_n be_v there_o nine_o month_n spend_v at_o which_o time_n caesar_n receive_v his_o force_n out_o of_o asia_n make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o controversy_n with_o the_o same_o attendance_n of_o fortune_n and_o victory_n which_o have_v wait_v on_o he_o every_o where_o else_o have_v caesar_n be_v acquaint_v with_o no_o war_n but_o this_o he_o may_v just_o challenge_v the_o title_n of_o the_o great_a captain_n in_o the_o world_n so_o much_o personal_a valour_n wisdom_n conduct_n circumspection_n and_o policy_n do_v he_o express_v in_o all_o passage_n thereof_o though_o encompass_v with_o all_o the_o inconvenience_n and_o disadvantage_n imaginable_a egypt_n be_v thus_o quiet_v the_o murderer_n of_o pompey_n punish_v and_o cleopatra_n by_o who_o caesar_n
to_o go_v when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o point_n they_o know_v not_o what_o way_n to_o go_v chap._n iii_o câ—â—sâ—r_o deny_v the_o helvetian_o passage_n through_o the_o roman_a province_n he_o fortify_v the_o passage_n between_o the_o hill_n jura_n and_o the_o lake_n of_o geneva_n as_o soon_o as_o caesar_n be_v advertise_v that_o their_o purpose_n be_v to_o pass_v through_o our_o province_n caesar_n he_o haste_v to_o leave_v the_o rome_n city_n and_o post_v by_o great_a journey_n into_o the_o further_a gallia_n he_o come_v to_o geneva_n and_o inrol_v great_a force_n throughout_o all_o the_o province_n for_o that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o legion_n in_o those_o part_n he_o break_v down_o the_o bridge_n at_o geneva_n the_o helvetian_o have_v intelligence_n of_o caesar_n arrival_n send_v divers_a of_o the_o best_a of_o their_o nobility_n ambassador_n unto_o he_o whereof_o numeius_fw-la and_o veredoctius_n be_v the_o chief_a to_o give_v he_o notice_n that_o they_o have_v a_o purpose_n to_o pass_v peaceable_o through_o the_o province_n have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o go_v and_o therein_o to_o pray_v his_o sufferance_n and_o permission_n caesar_n well_o remember_v how_o lu._n cassius_n the_o consul_n be_v slay_v his_o army_n beat_v &_o the_o soldier_n put_v under_o the_o yoke_n do_v not_o hold_v it_o convenient_a to_o grant_v their_o request_n neither_o do_v he_o think_v that_o man_n so_o ill-affected_a can_v forbear_v to_o offer_v wrong_n and_o insolence_n if_o leave_n be_v give_v they_o as_o be_v require_v howbeit_o for_o the_o better_a gain_v of_o time_n and_o get_v such_o force_n together_o as_o be_v cause_v to_o be_v enrol_v he_o answer_v the_o commissioner_n that_o he_o will_v take_v a_o time_n of_o deliberation_n and_o to_o that_o end_n will_v they_o to_o return_v again_o by_o the_o ides_n of_o april_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n with_o that_o legion_n he_o have_v ready_a and_o the_o soldier_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o province_n he_o make_v a_o ditch_n and_o a_o wall_n of_o sixteen_o foot_n in_o height_n from_o the_o lake_n lemanus_n which_o run_v into_o the_o rhone_n to_o the_o hill_n jura_n that_o divide_v the_o sequans_n from_o the_o helvetian_o be_v in_o length_n nineteen_o mile_n and_o dispose_v garrison_n and_o fortress_n along_o the_o work_n the_o better_a to_o impeach_v they_o if_o happy_o they_o go_v about_o to_o break_v out_o by_o force_n at_o the_o day_n appoint_v when_o the_o ambassador_n return_v for_o a_o resolution_n he_o utter_o deny_v to_o give_v any_o leave_n to_o pass_v through_o the_o province_n have_v neither_o custom_n nor_o precedent_n from_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n to_o warrant_v he_o in_o that_o kind_n and_o if_o they_o shall_v endeavour_v it_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n he_o will_v oppugn_v they_o the_o first_o observation_n this_o manner_n of_o prolong_v of_o time_n to_o reinforce_v the_o troop_n or_o get_v some_o other_o advantage_n as_o it_o be_v then_o of_o great_a use_n to_o caesar_n and_o have_v oftentimes_o be_v practise_v to_o good_a purpose_n so_o do_v it_o discover_v to_o a_o circumspect_a enemy_n by_o the_o direction_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n which_o can_v easy_o be_v shadow_v the_o drift_n of_o that_o delay_n and_o so_o invit_v he_o with_o great_a courage_n to_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o that_o present_a advantage_n especial_o if_o tract_n of_o time_n may_v strengthen_v the_o one_o and_o not_o further_o the_o other_o which_o be_v easy_o discern_v by_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o action_n the_o second_o observation_n the_o request_n of_o the_o helvetian_o seem_v to_o deserve_v a_o facile_a answer_n be_v in_o effect_n no_o more_o than_o nature_n have_v give_v to_o the_o river_n rhone_n which_o be_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o province_n with_o as_o much_o speed_n and_o as_o little_a hurt_n as_o they_o can_v but_o caesar_n look_v further_o into_o the_o matter_n and_o compare_v thing_n already_o past_a with_o occurrence_n that_o be_v to_o follow_v after_o find_v the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n to_o be_v interest_v in_o the_o answer_n be_v either_o to_o maintain_v her_o greatness_n by_o resist_v her_o enemy_n or_o to_o degenerate_v from_o ancient_a virtue_n by_o gratify_v such_o as_o seek_v her_o ruin_n which_o in_o matter_n of_o state_n be_v thing_n of_o great_a consequence_n and_o further_o he_o know_v it_o to_o be_v a_o unsafe_a course_n to_o suffer_v a_o enemy_n to_o have_v mean_n of_o do_v hurt_v consider_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n be_v always_o prone_a to_o load_v he_o with_o further_a wrong_n who_o he_o have_v once_o injury_v not_o but_o that_o he_o can_v peradventure_o be_v content_a to_o end_v the_o quarrel_n upon_o that_o advantage_n but_o fear_v the_o other_o who_o he_o wrong_v to_o expect_v but_o a_o opportunity_n of_o revenge_n he_o get_v what_o advantage_n he_o can_v beforehand_o and_o so_o cease_v not_o until_o he_o have_v add_v a_o bloody_a end_n to_o a_o injurious_a beginning_n the_o three_o observation_n concern_v this_o marvellous_a fortification_n between_o the_o hill_n and_o the_o lake_n how_o serviceable_a such_o work_n be_v unto_o he_o in_o all_o his_o war_n in_o what_o sort_n and_o in_o how_o small_a a_o time_n they_o be_v make_v i_o will_v defer_v the_o treatise_n of_o they_o until_o i_o come_v to_o the_o height_n of_o alesia_n where_o he_o give_v some_o ground_n of_o that_o hyperbolical_a speech_n a_o medeleto_fw-it non_fw-it animadverteb_fw-mi it_o be_v decem_fw-la habere_fw-la lectas_fw-la quidem_fw-la legiones_fw-la populum_fw-la romanum_fw-la quae_fw-la non_fw-la â—olum_fw-la vobis_fw-la obsistere_fw-la sed_fw-la etiam_fw-la coelum_fw-la diruere_fw-la possent_fw-la chap._n four_o the_o helvetian_o fail_v to_o pass_v the_o rhone_n take_v the_o way_n through_o the_o country_n of_o the_o sequani_n caesar_n haste_v into_o italy_n and_o there_o inroll_v more_o legion_n and_o return_v overthrow_v part_n of_o they_o at_o the_o river_n arar_n the_o helvetian_o frustrate_v of_o their_o former_a hope_n caesar_n go_v about_o some_o with_o boat_n couple_v together_o other_o with_o flat_n whereof_o they_o make_v great_a store_n the_o rest_n by_o ford_n and_o place_n where_o the_o river_n be_v shallow_a sometime_o in_o the_o day_n and_o oftentimes_o in_o the_o night_n to_o break_v out_o but_o be_v beat_v back_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o fortification_n and_o the_o concourse_n of_o soldier_n and_o multitude_n of_o weapon_n they_o desist_v from_o that_o attempt_n there_o be_v only_o another_o way_n leave_v through_o the_o sequans_n which_o they_o can_v not_o take_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrowness_n thereof_o but_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o country_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o of_o themselves_o they_o be_v able_a to_o prevail_v little_a therein_o they_o send_v messenger_n to_o dumnorix_n the_o heduan_n that_o by_o his_o mediation_n they_o may_v obtain_v so_o much_o of_o the_o sequans_n dumnorix_n what_o through_o favour_n and_o bounteous_a carriage_n be_v of_o great_a power_n in_o his_o country_n much_o affect_v the_o helvetian_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o marriage_n with_o orgetorix_n daughter_n and_o draw_v on_o with_o a_o desire_n of_o a_o kingdom_n give_v his_o mind_n to_o new_a project_n labour_v to_o gratify_v many_o state_n to_o tie_v they_o the_o rather_o to_o favour_v his_o course_n and_o thereupon_o undertake_v the_o business_n get_v the_o sequans_n to_o give_v the_o helvetian_o leave_v to_o pass_v through_o their_o confine_n give_v each_o other_o pledge_n that_o the_o sequans_n shall_v not_o interrupt_v the_o helvetian_o in_o their_o journey_n nor_o they_o offer_v any_o injury_n to_o the_o country_n it_o be_v tell_v caesar_n that_o the_o helvetian_o be_v determine_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o sequans_n and_o heduan_o on_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o santon_n who_o be_v not_o far_o from_o the_o border_n of_o the_o tholosan_n a_o people_n of_o the_o province_n which_o if_o they_o do_v he_o foresee_v how_o dangerous_a it_o will_v be_v to_o have_v a_o warlike_a nation_n and_o such_o as_o be_v enemy_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n to_o come_v so_o near_o they_o and_o to_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o open_a and_o plenteous_a country_n for_o which_o cause_n he_o leave_v t._n labienus_n a_o legate_n to_o command_v those_o work_n and_o he_o himself_o make_v great_a journey_n to_o get_v into_o italy_n where_o he_o enrol_v two_o legion_n and_o take_v three_o more_o out_o of_o their_o winter_v camp_n near_o about_o aquileia_n and_o with_o these_o five_o legion_n go_v the_o next_o way_n over_o the_o alps_o into_o the_o further_a gallia_n where_o by_o the_o way_n the_o centron_n garoceli_n and_o caturiges_n take_v advantage_n of_o the_o open_a ground_n do_v seek_v to_o keep_v the_o army_n from_o passage_n but_o be_v beat_v and_o put_v off_o by_o many_o skirmish_n they_o come_v in_o seven_o day_n from_o ocellum_fw-la a_o town_n
and_o all_o that_o they_o have_v to_o caesar_n mercy_n desire_v one_o thing_n of_o he_o earnest_o which_o be_v that_o if_o his_o goodness_n and_o clemency_n which_o they_o have_v hear_v so_o high_a praise_n of_o have_v determine_v to_o save_v their_o life_n he_o will_v not_o take_v away_o their_o arm_n from_o they_o forasmuch_o as_o all_o their_o neighbour_n be_v enemy_n unto_o they_o and_o envy_v at_o their_o valour_n neither_o be_v they_o able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o if_o they_o shall_v deliver_v up_o their_o armour_n so_o that_o they_o have_v rather_o suffer_v any_o inconvenience_n by_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n then_o to_o be_v butcherly_a murder_v by_o they_o who_o in_o former_a time_n they_o have_v hold_v subject_a to_o their_o command_n to_o this_o caesar_n answer_v that_o he_o will_v save_v the_o city_n rather_o of_o his_o own_o custom_n then_o for_o any_o desert_n of_o they_o so_o that_o they_o yield_v before_o the_o ram_n touch_v the_o wall_n but_o no_o condition_n of_o remedy_n shall_v be_v accept_v without_o present_a delivery_n of_o their_o arm_n for_o he_o will_v do_v by_o they_o as_o he_o have_v do_v by_o the_o nervii_n and_o give_v commandment_n to_o their_o neighbour_n that_o they_o shall_v offer_v no_o wrong_n to_o such_o as_o have_v commend_v their_o safety_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n this_o answer_n be_v return_v to_o the_o city_n they_o seem_v content_v to_o do_v whatsoever_o he_o command_v they_o and_o thereupon_o cast_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o armour_n over_o the_o wall_n into_o the_o ditch_n insomuch_o as_o they_o fill_v it_o almost_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o rampire_n and_o yet_o as_o afterward_o be_v know_v conceal_v the_o three_o part_n they_o set_v open_v the_o gate_n and_o for_o that_o day_n carry_v themselves_o peaceable_o towards_o night_n caesar_n command_v the_o gate_n to_o be_v shut_v and_o the_o soldier_n to_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o town_n lest_o in_o the_o night_n the_o townsman_n shall_v be_v any_o way_n injure_v by_o they_o but_o the_o aduatici_n have_v consult_v together_o before_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o believe_v that_o upon_o their_o submission_n the_o roman_n will_v either_o set_v no_o watch_n at_o all_o or_o at_o the_o least_o keep_v it_o very_o careless_o partly_o with_o such_o armour_n as_o they_o have_v retain_v and_o partly_o with_o target_n make_v of_o bark_n or_o wrought_v of_o wicker_n which_o upon_o the_o sudden_a they_o have_v cover_v over_o with_o leather_n about_o the_o three_o watch_n where_o the_o ascent_n to_o our_o fortification_n be_v easy_a they_o issue_v sudden_o out_o of_o the_o town_n with_o all_o their_o power_n but_o signification_n thereof_o be_v present_o give_v by_o fire_n as_o caesar_n have_v command_v the_o roman_n haste_v speedy_o to_o that_o place_n the_o enemy_n fight_v very_o desperate_o as_o man_n in_o the_o last_o hope_n of_o their_o welfare_n incounter_v the_o roman_n in_o a_o place_n of_o disadvantage_n all_o their_o hope_n now_o lie_v upon_o their_o valour_n at_o length_n with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o four_o thousand_o the_o rest_n be_v drive_v back_o into_o the_o town_n the_o next_o day_n when_o caesar_n come_v to_o break_v open_a the_o gate_n and_o find_v no_o man_n at_o defence_n he_o send_v in_o the_o soldier_n and_o sell_v all_o the_o people_n and_o spoil_n of_o the_o town_n the_o number_n of_o person_n in_o the_o town_n amount_v to_o fifty_o three_o thousand_o bondslave_n the_o first_o observation_n in_o the_o surprise_n attempt_v by_o the_o belgae_n upon_o bibract_n i_o set_v down_o the_o manner_n which_o both_o the_o gall_n and_o the_o roman_n use_v in_o their_o sudden_a surprise_v of_o a_o town_n whereof_o if_o they_o fail_v the_o place_n import_v any_o advantage_n in_o the_o course_n of_o war_n they_o then_o prepare_v for_o the_o siege_n in_o that_o manner_n as_o caesar_n have_v describe_v in_o this_o place_n they_o environ_v the_o town_n about_o with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n circumvallatio_n and_o fortify_v the_o say_a rampire_n with_o many_o castle_n and_o fortress_n erect_v in_o a_o convenient_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o and_o so_o they_o keep_v the_o town_n from_o any_o foreign_a succour_n or_o relief_n and_o withal_o secure_v themselves_o from_o sally_n or_o other_o stratagem_n which_o the_o townsman_n may_v practise_v against_o they_o and_o this_o manner_n of_o siege_n be_v call_v circumvallatio_fw-la commentary_n the_o particular_a description_n whereof_o i_o refer_v unto_o the_o history_n of_o alesia_n where_o i_o will_v handle_v it_o according_a to_o the_o particular_n there_o set_v down_o by_o caesar_n the_o second_o observation_n the_o ram_n ram._n which_o caesar_n here_o mention_v be_v of_o great_a note_n among_o all_o the_o roman_a engine_n and_o hold_v that_o place_n which_o the_o canon_n have_v in_o our_o war_n vitruvius_n do_v attribute_v the_o invention_n thereof_o to_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o at_o the_o take_n of_o cadiz_n cales_n want_v a_o fit_a instrument_n to_o raze_v and_o overthrow_v a_o castle_n they_o take_v a_o long_a beam_n or_o timber-tree_n and_o bear_v it_o upon_o their_o arm_n and_o shoulder_n with_o the_o one_o end_n thereof_o they_o first_o break_v down_o the_o uppermost_a rank_n of_o stone_n and_o so_o descend_v by_o degree_n they_o overthrow_v the_o whole_a tower_n the_o roman_n have_v two_o sort_n of_o ram_n the_o one_o be_v rude_a and_o plain_a the_o other_o artificial_a and_o compound_v simplex_fw-la the_o first_o be_v that_o which_o the_o carthaginian_n use_v at_o cadiz_n and_o be_v portray_v in_o the_o column_n of_o traâ—an_n at_o rome_n the_o compound_a ram_n be_v thus_o describe_v by_o josephus_n composita_fw-la a_o ram_n say_v he_o be_v a_o mighty_a great_a beam_n like_v unto_o the_o mast_n of_o a_o ship_n and_o be_v strengthen_v at_o one_o end_n with_o a_o head_n of_o iron_n fashion_v like_o unto_o a_o ram_n and_o thereof_o it_o take_v the_o name_n this_o ram_n be_v hang_v by_o the_o midst_n with_o rope_n unto_o another_o beam_n which_o lie_v cross_v a_o couple_n of_o pillar_n and_o hang_v thus_o equal_o balance_v it_o be_v by_o force_n of_o man_n thrust_v forwar_n and_o recoil_v backward_o and_o so_o beat_v upon_o the_o wall_n with_o his_o iron_n head_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o tower_n so_o strong_a or_o wall_n so_o broad_a that_o be_v able_a to_o stand_v before_o it_o the_o length_n of_o this_o ram_n be_v of_o a_o large_a scantling_n for_o plutarch_n affirm_v that_o antony_n in_o the_o parthian_a war_n have_v a_o ram_n fourscore_o foot_n long_o and_o vitruvius_n say_v that_o the_o length_n of_o a_o ram_n be_v usual_o one_o hundred_o and_o six_o and_o sometime_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o and_o this_o length_n give_v great_a strength_n and_o force_n to_o the_o engine_n it_o be_v manage_v at_o one_o time_n with_o a_o whole_a century_n or_o order_n of_o soldier_n and_o their_o force_n be_v spend_v they_o be_v second_v with_o another_o century_n and_o so_o the_o ram_n play_v continual_o upon_o the_o wall_n without_o intermission_n josephus_n say_v that_o titus_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o jerusalem_n have_v a_o ram_n for_o every_o legion_n it_o be_v oftentimes_o cover_v with_o a_o vine_n that_o the_o man_n that_o manage_v it_o may_v be_v in_o more_o safety_n it_o appear_v by_o this_o place_n that_o if_o a_o town_n have_v continue_v out_o until_o the_o ram_n have_v touch_v the_o wall_n they_o can_v not_o presume_v of_o any_o acceptation_n of_o rendry_a forasmuch_o as_o by_o their_o obstinacy_n they_o have_v bring_v in_o peril_n the_o life_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o be_v subdue_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n which_o afford_v such_o mercy_n as_o the_o victor_n please_v the_o three_o observation_n the_o aduatici_n as_o it_o seem_v be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o small_a security_n which_o one_o state_n can_v give_v unto_o another_o that_o commend_v their_o safety_n to_o be_v protect_v by_o it_o for_o as_o architas_n the_o pythagorean_n say_v a_o body_n a_o family_n and_o a_o army_n be_v then_o well_o govern_v when_o they_o contain_v within_o themselves_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o safety_n so_o we_o must_v not_o look_v for_o any_o security_n in_o a_o state_n when_o their_o safety_n depend_v upon_o a_o foreign_a protection_n for_o the_o old_a say_n be_v that_o neque_fw-la murus_fw-la neque_fw-la amicus_fw-la quisquam_fw-la teget_fw-la quem_fw-la propria_fw-la arma_fw-la non_fw-la texere_fw-la neither_o wall_n nor_o friend_n will_v save_v he_o who_o his_o own_o weapon_n do_v not_o defend_v although_o in_o this_o case_n the_o matter_n be_v well_o qualify_v by_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o late_a victory_n in_o the_o continent_n of_o gallia_n whereof_o the_o hedui_n with_o their_o associate_n be_v very_o gainful_a witness_n but_o among_o kingdom_n that_o be_v better_o suit_v with_o equality_n of_o strength_n and_o
by_o a_o set_a fight_n continue_v the_o space_n of_o six_o hour_n without_o any_o likelihood_n of_o contrariety_n or_o alteration_n which_o practice_n of_o frustrate_v a_o design_n intend_v by_o a_o indirect_a and_o contrary_a answer_n serve_v the_o roman_n oftentimes_o to_o great_a advantage_n as_o beside_o this_o present_a example_n in_o this_o commentary_n we_o shall_v afterward_o read_v how_o titurius_n sabinus_n defeat_v the_o unelli_n with_o the_o same_o stratagem_n and_o overthrow_v they_o by_o eruption_n and_o sally_v out_o when_o they_o expect_v nothing_o but_o a_o defensive_a resistance_n from_o the_o rampire_n from_o whence_o a_o commander_n may_v learn_v to_o avoid_v two_o contrary_a inconvenience_n according_a as_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o war_n shall_v offer_v occasion_n first_o if_o other_o thing_n be_v answerable_a which_o a_o judicious_a eye_n will_v easy_o discover_v that_o a_o sally_n make_v out_o at_o divers_a port_n of_o a_o hold_n will_v much_o mitigate_v the_o heat_n of_o a_o charge_n and_o control_v the_o fury_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o that_o besiege_v any_o place_n what_o advantage_n soever_o he_o have_v of_o the_o defendant_n may_v much_o better_o assure_v himself_o of_o good_a fortune_n if_o he_o appoint_v certain_a troop_n in_o readiness_n to_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o any_o eruption_n that_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v busy_o employ_v in_o the_o assault_n may_v provide_v to_o answer_v it_o without_o disorder_n or_o confusion_n which_o order_n if_o the_o gall_n have_v take_v they_o have_v not_o in_o likelihood_n so_o often_o be_v deceive_v chap._n iii_o galba_n return_v into_o the_o province_n the_o vnelli_n give_v occasion_n of_o a_o new_a war_n after_o this_o battle_n caesar_n galba_n unwilling_a to_o try_v fortune_n any_o further_a and_o consider_v that_o he_o have_v meet_v with_o business_n which_o he_o never_o dream_v of_o when_o first_o he_o come_v thither_o to_o quarter_n especial_o find_v himself_o in_o want_n both_o of_o corn_n and_o forage_n have_v first_o burn_v the_o town_n the_o next_o day_n he_o return_v towards_o the_o province_n and_o without_o let_v or_o resistance_n bring_v the_o legion_n safe_a into_o the_o nantuates_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o savoyard_n allobroges_n and_o there_o he_o winter_v after_o these_o thing_n be_v dispatch_v caesar_n suppose_v for_o many_o reason_n that_o all_o gallia_n be_v now_o in_o peace_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o further_a fear_n of_o any_o new_a war_n the_o belgae_n be_v overthrow_v the_o german_n thrust_v out_o and_o the_o seduni_n among_o the_o alps_o subdue_v and_o vanquish_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o winter_n be_v go_v into_o illyricum_n have_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o see_v those_o nation_n but_o there_o grow_v a_o sudden_a tumult_n and_o dissension_n in_o gallia_n upon_o this_o occasion_n pub._n crassus_n winter_v with_o the_o seven_o legion_n in_o anjou_n near_o unto_o the_o ocean_n and_o find_v scarcity_n of_o corn_n in_o those_o part_n he_o send_v out_o the_o prefect_n of_o the_o horseman_n and_o tribune_n into_o the_o next_o city_n to_o demand_v corn_n and_o other_o provision_n for_o his_o legion_n of_o who_o titus_n terrasidius_n be_v send_v unto_o the_o perche_n unelli_n marcus_n trebius_n to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d curiosolitae_n q._n velanius_n and_o titus_n silius_n to_o the_o vannes_n veneti_n these_o veneti_n be_v of_o great_a authority_n among_o all_o the_o maritime_a nation_n in_o that_o coast_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a store_n of_o ship_v with_o which_o they_o do_v traffic_v in_o brittany_n and_o exceed_v all_o their_o neighbour_n state_n in_o skill_n and_o experience_n of_o seafaring_a matter_n have_v command_n of_o as_o many_o port_n as_o lay_v to_o those_o sea_n and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o such_o as_o use_v those_o sea_n tributary_n to_o their_o state_n these_o veneti_n first_o adventure_v to_o retain_v silius_n and_o velanius_n hope_v thereby_o to_o recover_v their_o hostage_n which_o they_o have_v give_v to_o crassus_n the_o finitimate_a city_n induce_v by_o their_o authority_n and_o example_n as_o indeed_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v sudden_a and_o hasty_a for_o the_o same_o reason_n lay_v hold_v upon_o trebius_n and_o terrasidius_n and_o send_v speedy_a ambassage_n one_o unto_o another_o conjure_v by_o their_o prince_n and_o chief_a magistrate_n to_o do_v nothing_o but_o by_o common_a consent_n and_o to_o attend_v all_o the_o same_o event_n of_o fortune_n solicit_v also_o other_o city_n and_o state_n rather_o to_o maintain_v that_o liberty_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v of_o their_o ancestor_n then_o to_o endure_v the_o servile_a bondage_n of_o a_o stranger_n the_o first_o observation_n the_o circumstance_n in_o this_o history_n which_o note_v the_o sudden_a break_v out_o of_o war_n 〈…〉_z when_o the_o course_n of_o thing_n make_v promise_v of_o peace_n show_v first_o what_o small_a assurance_n our_o reason_n have_v of_o her_o discourse_n in_o calculate_v the_o nativity_n of_o after-chance_n which_o so_o seldom_o answer_v the_o judgement_n we_o give_v upon_o their_o beginning_n that_o when_o we_o speak_v of_o happiness_n we_o find_v nothing_o but_o misery_n and_o contrariwise_o it_o go_v often_o well_o with_o that_o part_n which_o our_o art_n have_v condemn_v to_o ill_a fortune_n and_o therefore_o i_o do_v not_o marvel_v if_o when_o almost_o all_o nation_n be_v at_o odds_o and_o in_o our_o best_a conceit_n threaten_v destruction_n one_o to_o another_o there_o happen_v a_o sudden_a motion_n of_o peace_n or_o if_o peace_n be_v in_o speech_n soothe_v the_o world_n with_o please_a tranquillity_n and_o through_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o our_o weak_a probability_n promise_v much_o rest_n after_o many_o trouble_n there_o follow_v great_a war_n in_o the_o end_n then_o the_o former_a time_n can_v true_o speak_v of_o which_o be_v well_o understand_v may_v humble_v the_o spirit_n of_o our_o haughty_a politician_n that_o think_v to_o comprehend_v the_o conclusion_n of_o future_a time_n under_o the_o premise_n of_o their_o weak_a project_n and_o predestinate_a succeed_a age_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o present_a motion_n when_o a_o accident_n so_o little_o think_v of_o shall_v break_v the_o main_a stream_n of_o our_o judgement_n and_o falsify_v the_o oracle_n which_o our_o understanding_n have_v utter_v and_o it_o may_v learn_v they_o withal_o how_o much_o it_o import_v a_o wise_a commander_n to_o prevent_v a_o evil_a that_o may_v cross_v his_o design_n how_o unlikely_a soever_o it_o be_v to_o happen_v by_o handle_v it_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o though_o it_o be_v necessary_o to_o confront_v the_o same_o for_o then_o a_o thing_n be_v well_o do_v when_o it_o have_v in_o itself_o both_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o be_v and_o the_o direct_a mean_n to_o resist_v the_o repugnancy_n of_o a_o contrary_a nature_n and_o so_o hap_v what_o will_v it_o have_v great_a possibility_n to_o continue_v the_o same_o the_o second_o observation_n this_o practice_n of_o the_o veneti_n may_v instruct_v a_o circumspect_a prince_n in_o case_n of_o this_o nature_n to_o have_v a_o more_o watchful_a eye_n over_o that_o province_n or_o city_n which_o shall_v be_v find_v most_o potent_a and_o mighty_a among_o the_o rest_n then_o of_o any_o other_o inferior_a state_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o condition_n for_o as_o example_n of_o itself_o be_v of_o great_a authority_n example_n make_v improbability_n seem_v full_a of_o reason_n especial_o when_o the_o intention_n shall_v sympathize_v with_o our_o will_n so_o when_o it_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v strengthen_v with_o powerful_a mean_n and_o grace_v with_o the_o act_n of_o superior_a personage_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v very_o effectual_a to_o stir_v up_o man_n mind_n to_o approve_v that_o with_o a_o strong_a affection_n which_o their_o own_o single_a judgement_n do_v no_o way_n allow_v of_o and_o therefore_o equality_n bring_v this_o advantage_n to_o a_o prince_n which_o difference_n can_v afford_v that_o albeit_o example_n do_v set_v on_o foot_n any_o rebellious_a motion_n yet_o no_o supereminency_n shall_v authorise_v the_o same_o chap._n four_o caesar_n have_v advertisement_n of_o these_o new_a trouble_n haste_v into_o gallia_n and_o prepare_v for_o the_o war_n all_o the_o maritime_a state_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v draw_v into_o the_o same_o conspiracy_n caesar_n they_o send_v a_o embassage_n unto_o crassus_n in_o the_o name_n of_o they_o all_o that_o if_o he_o will_v have_v his_o man_n again_o he_o must_v deliver_v up_o the_o hostage_n which_o he_o have_v take_v from_o they_o whereof_o caesar_n be_v certify_v by_o crassus_n inasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v then_o a_o great_a way_n distant_a from_o his_o army_n he_o command_v galley_n and_o ship_n of_o war_n to_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o river_n ligâ—ris_fw-la loire_n which_o run_v into_o the_o ocean_n and_o that_o gallie-man_n mariner_n and_o ship-master_n shall_v be_v muster_v in_o
point_n between_o their_o fight_n at_o sea_n and_o that_o at_o land_n save_v that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v martial_v in_o troop_n and_o band_n in_o regard_n whereof_o the_o sea-service_n be_v count_v more_o base_a and_o dishonourable_a and_o the_o rather_o inasmuch_o as_o it_o decide_v the_o controversy_n by_o sling_n and_o casting-weapon_n which_o kind_n of_o fight_n be_v of_o less_o honour_n than_o buckle_v at_o handy-blowe_n chap._n vii_o the_o battle_n continue_v and_o caesar_n overcome_v the_o roman_n have_v take_v one_o town_n after_o another_o caesar_n the_o enemy_n still_o convey_v themselves_o to_o the_o next_o so_o that_o caesar_n deem_v it_o but_o lose_a labour_n whilst_o he_o can_v neither_o hinder_v their_o escape_n nor_o do_v they_o any_o mischief_n resolve_v to_o wait_v the_o come_n of_o his_o navy_n which_o be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v but_o the_o enemy_n descry_v it_o present_o make_v out_o 220_o sail_n of_o ship_n wel-appointed_n and_o furnish_v in_o all_o respect_n to_o oppose_v they_o neither_o do_v brutus_n the_o admiral_n nor_o any_o tribune_n or_o centurion_n in_o his_o navy_n know_v what_o to_o do_v or_o what_o course_n of_o fight_n to_o take_v for_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o the_o beak-head_n of_o their_o quinqueremes_n can_v perform_v no_o service_n upon_o they_o and_o although_o they_o shall_v raise_v turret_n according_a to_o their_o use_n yet_o these_o will_v not_o equal_v in_o height_n the_o poup_n of_o the_o enemy_n ship_v so_o that_o therein_o also_o the_o gall_n have_v advantage_n for_o as_o the_o roman_n can_v not_o much_o annoy_v they_o with_o their_o weapon_n in_o regard_n they_o lie_v so_o low_a under_o they_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a their_o dart_n must_v needs_o fall_v with_o great_a advantage_n upon_o the_o roman_n yet_o one_o thing_n there_o be_v among_o their_o provision_n which_o stand_v they_o in_o great_a stead_n for_o the_o roman_n have_v provide_v great_a sharp_a hook_n or_o sickle_n which_o they_o put_v upon_o great_a and_o long_a pole_n these_o they_o fasten_v to_o the_o tackle_n which_o hold_v the_o main-yard_n to_o the_o mast_n and_o then_o hale_v away_o their_o ship_n with_o force_n of_o oar_n they_o cut_v the_o say_v tackle_v and_o the_o main-yard_n fall_v down_o whereby_o the_o gall_n who_o only_a hope_n for_o their_o navy_n consist_v in_o the_o sail_n and_o tackle_n lose_v at_o one_o instant_a both_o their_o sail_n and_o the_o use_n of_o their_o ship_n and_o then_o the_o controversy_n fall_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o valour_n wherein_o the_o roman_n exceed_v the_o gall_n and_o the_o rather_o inasmuch_o as_o they_o fight_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o caesar_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n no_o valiant_a act_n can_v be_v smother_v in_o secret_a for_o all_o the_o hill_n and_o cliff_n which_o afford_v near_o prospect_n into_o the_o sea_n be_v cover_v with_o the_o roman_a army_n their_o main-yard_n be_v cut_v down_o and_o the_o roman_n though_o every_o ship_n of_o they_o have_v two_o or_o three_o of_o the_o enemy_n about_o it_o endeavour_v with_o great_a fury_n to_o board_n they_o fail_v not_o to_o take_v many_o of_o their_o ship_n which_o the_o gall_n perceive_v and_o find_v no_o remedy_n nor_o hope_n of_o resistance_n begin_v all_o to_o fly_v and_o turn_v their_o ship_n to_o a_o fore-wind_n be_v upon_o a_o sudden_a so_o becalm_v that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o make_v no_o way_n at_o all_o which_o fall_v out_o very_o fit_o for_o the_o roman_n who_o now_o fight_v ship_n to_o ship_n easy_o take_v they_o insomuch_o that_o of_o so_o great_a a_o navy_n very_o few_o through_o the_o help_n of_o the_o evening_n escape_v to_o land_n after_o they_o have_v fight_v the_o space_n of_o eight_o hour_n with_o which_o battle_n end_v the_o war_n with_o the_o veneti_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o maritime_a nation_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n both_o young_a and_o old_a in_o who_o there_o be_v either_o courage_n counsel_n or_o dignity_n be_v present_a at_o this_o battle_n and_o all_o the_o ship_n they_o can_v possible_o make_v be_v here_o engage_v take_v and_o lose_v so_o that_o such_o as_o remain_v know_v not_o whither_o to_o go_v nor_o how_o to_o defend_v their_o town_n any_o long_o and_o therefore_o yield_v themselves_o to_o caesar_n towards_o who_o he_o use_v the_o great_a severity_n that_o he_o may_v thereby_o teach_v all_o other_o barbarous_a people_n not_o to_o violate_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n by_o injury_a ambassador_n for_o he_o slay_v all_o the_o senate_n with_o the_o sword_n and_o sell_v the_o people_n for_o bondslave_n the_o observation_n in_o this_o battle_n i_o chief_o observe_v the_o good_a fortune_n which_o usual_o attend_v upon_o industry_n industry_n for_o among_o other_o provision_n which_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v furnish_v out_o to_o the_o use_n of_o this_o war_n they_o have_v make_v ready_a these_o hook_n not_o for_o this_o intent_n wherein_o they_o be_v employ_v but_o at_o all_o occasion_n and_o chance_n that_o may_v happen_v as_o serviceable_a compliment_n rather_o than_o principal_a instrument_n and_o yet_o it_o so_o fall_v out_o that_o they_o prove_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o overthrow_v the_o gall_n which_o prove_v true_a the_o say_n of_o caesar_n that_o industry_n command_v fortune_n and_o buy_v good_a success_n with_o extraordinary_a labour_n for_o industry_n in_o action_n be_v as_o importunity_n in_o speech_n which_o force_v a_o assent_n beyond_o the_o strength_n of_o reason_n and_o strive_v through_o continual_a pursuit_n to_o make_v good_a the_o motive_n by_o often_o inculcation_n and_o at_o length_n find_v that_o disposition_n which_o will_v easy_o admit_v whatsoever_o be_v require_v in_o like_a manner_n diligence_n and_o laboursome_a industry_n by_o circumspect_a and_o heedful_a carriage_n seldom_o fail_v either_o by_o hap_n or_o cunning_a to_o make_v good_a that_o part_n whereon_o the_o main_a point_n of_o the_o matter_n depend_v for_o every_o action_n be_v entangle_v with_o many_o infinite_a adherent_n which_o be_v so_o interest_v in_o the_o matter_n that_o it_o succee_v according_a as_o it_o be_v carry_v answerable_a to_o their_o nature_n of_o these_o adherent_n some_o of_o they_o be_v by_o wisdom_n foresee_v and_o direct_v to_o that_o course_n which_o may_v fortunate_a the_o action_n the_o rest_n be_v unknown_a continue_v without_o either_o direction_n or_o prevention_n and_o be_v all_o under_o the_o regiment_n of_o fortune_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v beyond_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o wise_a reach_n and_o in_o the_o way_n either_o to_o assist_v or_o disadvantage_n of_o these_o industry_n have_v great_a authority_n inasmuch_o as_o she_o arm_v herself_o for_o all_o chance_n whereby_o she_o be_v say_v to_o command_v fortune_n chap._n viii_o sabinus_n overthrow_v the_o vnelli_n perchâ—_n with_o the_o manner_n thereof_o while_o these_o thing_n happen_v in_o the_o state_n of_o vannes_n caesar_n l._n titurius_n sabinus_n enter_v with_o his_o force_n into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o unelli_n over_o these_o viridovix_n rule_v who_o be_v at_o present_a make_v commander_n in_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o revolt_a city_n which_o furnish_v he_o with_o a_o great_a &_o potent_a army_n beside_o this_o the_o roan_n aulerci_n eureux_fw-fr eburonice_n and_o lexovii_n have_v slay_v their_o senate_n because_o they_o will_v not_o countenance_v the_o war_n shut_v their_o gate_n and_o join_v with_o viridovix_n also_o there_o come_v great_a multitude_n to_o they_o out_o of_o gallia_n man_n of_o break_a fortune_n thief_n and_o robber_n who_o the_o hope_n of_o prey_n and_o spoil_n have_v make_v to_o prefer_v the_o war_n before_o husbandry_n and_o day-labour_n sabinus_n encamp_v himself_o in_o a_o convenient_a place_n keep_v his_o soldier_n within_o the_o rampire_n but_o viridovix_n be_v lodge_v within_o less_o than_o two_o mile_n of_o sabinus_n his_o camp_n bring_v out_o his_o force_n daily_o and_o put_v they_o in_o battle_n give_v he_o opportunity_n to_o fight_v if_o he_o will_v which_o sabinus_n refuse_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o he_o begin_v not_o only_o to_o be_v suspect_v by_o the_o enemy_n of_o cowardice_n but_o to_o be_v taunt_v with_o the_o reproachful_a speech_n of_o his_o own_o soldier_n the_o opinion_n of_o his_o be_v fearful_a thus_o settle_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o use_v all_o mean_n to_o increase_v it_o and_o carry_v it_o so_o well_o that_o the_o enemy_n dare_v approach_v the_o very_a rampire_n of_o the_o camp_n the_o colour_n that_o he_o pretend_v be_v that_o he_o think_v it_o not_o the_o part_n of_o a_o legate_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o general_n to_o sight_n with_o a_o enemy_n of_o that_o strength_n but_o upon_o some_o good_a opportunity_n or_o in_o a_o place_n of_o advantage_n in_o this_o general_a persuasion_n of_o fear_n sabinus_n choose_v out_o a_o subtle-witted_a gall_n a_o auxiliarie_n
prince_n and_o senate_n will_v swear_v faith_n and_o safe_a continuance_n unto_o their_o people_n neither_o will_v they_o require_v more_o than_o three_o day_n to_o negotiate_v this_o business_n caesar_n conceive_v this_o entreaty_n to_o import_v nothing_o else_o then_o the_o return_n of_o their_o horseman_n that_o be_v absent_a in_o pillage_n who_o they_o expect_v within_o three_o day_n notwithstanding_o he_o promise_v they_o to_o march_v but_o four_o mile_n further_o that_o day_n to_o a_o convenient_a watring-place_n and_o bid_v that_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o they_o shall_v come_v thither_o to_o he_o next_o day_n that_o he_o may_v know_v what_o they_o desire_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o send_v to_o the_o commander_n of_o the_o horse_n that_o be_v before_o not_o to_o provoke_v the_o enemy_n to_o fight_v and_o if_o they_o be_v set_v upon_o to_o sustain_v the_o charge_n until_o he_o come_v near_o with_o the_o army_n the_o first_o observation_n first_o we_o may_v observe_v his_o dissemble_n of_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o gall_n with_o the_o german_n and_o the_o encouragement_n which_o he_o give_v they_o in_o a_o faithful_a and_o loyal_a affection_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n when_o he_o himself_o know_v they_o have_v start_v from_o that_o duty_n which_o both_o their_o honour_n and_o a_o good_a respect_n of_o their_o friend_n require_v for_o he_o well_o understand_v that_o his_o presence_n do_v take_v away_o all_o scruple_n of_o any_o further_a motion_n in_o that_o kind_n and_o therefore_o to_o have_v object_v unto_o they_o their_o error_n have_v not_o be_v to_o heal_v but_o to_o discover_v their_o wound_n only_o he_o take_v the_o way_n to_o cut_v off_o their_o hope_n of_o any_o practice_n which_o they_o may_v attempt_v against_o the_o roman_a people_n and_o hold_v they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n in_o the_o appearance_n of_o faithful_a friend_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v discourage_v by_o the_o detection_n of_o their_o revolt_n the_o second_o observation_n second_o upon_o this_o resolution_n that_o there_o be_v no_o league_n to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o german_n if_o they_o continue_v on_o this_o side_n the_o rhine_n we_o may_v observe_v how_o he_o entertain_v a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n with_o such_o consent_n and_o denial_n as_o may_v manifest_v his_o readiness_n to_o further_a what_o he_o make_v show_v of_o and_o not_o weaken_v the_o mean_n of_o his_o best_a advantage_n for_o as_o he_o be_v content_a they_o shall_v take_v a_o quiet_a farewell_n of_o gallia_n and_o plant_v themselves_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o ubii_n so_o be_v he_o loath_a to_o yield_v to_o any_o condition_n which_o may_v disadvantage_n his_o forcible_a constraint_n or_o weaken_v his_o command_n if_o persuasion_n fail_v for_o he_o well_o know_v that_o powerful_a mean_n to_o effect_v that_o which_o he_o require_v will_v further_o the_o course_n of_o a_o peaceable_a conclusion_n and_o carry_v more_o authority_n in_o a_o parley_n than_o any_o other_o motive_n how_o reasonable_a soever_o moreover_o we_o may_v observe_v how_o careful_a he_o be_v not_o to_o impose_v upon_o the_o german_n a_o necessity_n of_o fight_v hostem_fw-la but_o open_v a_o passage_n by_o propound_v unto_o they_o the_o association_n of_o the_o ubii_n by_o which_o they_o may_v avoid_v the_o hazard_n of_o battle_n which_o thing_n be_v always_o observe_v by_o commander_n of_o ancient_a time_n who_o diligent_o search_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n find_v that_o neither_o of_o those_o noble_a instrument_n whereby_o man_n work_v such_o wonder_n i_o mean_v the_o hand_n and_o the_o tongue_n have_v ever_o bring_v so_o many_o excellent_a work_n to_o that_o type_n of_o perfection_n unless_o they_o have_v be_v force_v thereunto_o by_o necessity_n and_o therefore_o we_o be_v wise_o to_o handle_v the_o course_n of_o our_o action_n lest_o while_o we_o stand_v too_o strict_a upon_o a_o violent_a guard_n we_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o enemy_n by_o the_o way_n of_o antiperistasis_n to_o redouble_v his_o strength_n and_o so_o furnish_v he_o with_o that_o powerful_a engine_n which_o vetius_n mescius_fw-la call_v ultimum_fw-la and_o maximum_fw-la telum_fw-la the_o last_o and_o great_a weapon_n the_o force_n whereof_o shall_v better_a appear_v by_o these_o example_n some_o few_o of_o the_o samnite_n 9_o contrary_a to_o the_o article_n of_o peace_n between_o they_o and_o the_o roman_n have_v make_v incursion_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o roman_a confederate_n the_o senate_n of_o that_o state_n send_v to_o rome_n to_o excuse_v the_o fact_n and_o to_o make_v offer_n of_o satisfaction_n but_o be_v reject_v claudius_n pontius_n general_n of_o their_o force_n in_o a_o excellent_a oration_n which_o he_o make_v show_v how_o the_o roman_n will_v not_o hearken_v to_o peace_n but_o choose_v rather_o to_o be_v revenge_v by_o war_n and_o therefore_o necessity_n constrain_v they_o to_o put_v on_o arm_n justum_fw-la est_fw-la bellum_fw-la say_v he_o quibus_fw-la necessarium_fw-la &_o pia_fw-la arma_fw-la quibus_fw-la nulla_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o armis_fw-la spes_fw-la est_fw-la that_o war_n be_v just_a which_o be_v necessary_a and_o it_o be_v piety_n in_o those_o man_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n who_o have_v no_o hope_n but_o in_o take_v up_o arm_n the_o issue_n thereof_o be_v that_o the_o samnite_n entrap_v the_o roman_n in_o a_o place_n of_o advantage_n so_o that_o they_o be_v force_v upon_o dishonourable_a term_n to_o save_v their_o life_n as_o it_o be_v at_o large_a in_o the_o nine_o book_n of_o livy_n caius_n manlius_n conduct_v the_o roman_a legion_n against_o the_o veii_n 7._o part_n of_o the_o veian_a army_n have_v enter_v the_o roman_a camp_n which_o manlius_n perceive_v he_o haste_v with_o a_o band_n of_o man_n to_o keep_v the_o breach_n and_o to_o shut_v in_o the_o veii_n which_o they_o no_o soon_o perceive_v but_o they_o fight_v with_o that_o rage_n and_o fury_n that_o they_o slay_v manlius_n and_o have_v overthrow_v the_o whole_a camp_n have_v not_o a_o tribune_n open_v they_o a_o passage_n by_o which_o they_o flee_v away_o in_o like_a manner_n camillus_n the_o wise_a of_o the_o roman_a captain_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o city_n of_o the_o veii_n that_o he_o may_v take_v it_o with_o great_a facility_n and_o disarm_v the_o enemy_n of_o that_o terrible_a weapon_n of_o necessity_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v proclaim_v that_o no_o veian_n shall_v be_v hurt_v that_o be_v find_v unarm_v whereupon_o every_o man_n cast_v away_o his_o weapon_n and_o so_o the_o town_n be_v take_v without_o bloodshed_n let_v a_o soldier_n therefore_o take_v such_o hold_n of_o occasion_n and_o opportunity_n as_o be_v offer_v unto_o he_o that_o in_o time_n of_o battle_n he_o may_v seem_v to_o cast_v necessity_n upon_o his_o own_o cause_n and_o retain_v it_o in_o his_o pay_n consider_v how_o the_o power_n thereof_o alter_v the_o work_n of_o nature_n and_o change_v their_o effect_n into_o contrary_a operation_n be_v never_o subject_a to_o any_o ordinance_n or_o law_n and_o yet_o make_v that_o lawful_a which_o procee_v from_o it_o chap._n four_o the_o german_n contrary_a to_o their_o own_o request_n make_v to_o caesar_n set_v upon_o the_o roman_a horseman_n and_o overthrow_v they_o notwithstanding_o the_o german_n request_n concern_v the_o truce_n caesar_n assoon_o as_o they_o see_v the_o roman_a horseman_n which_o be_v in_o number_n five_o thousand_o whereas_o the_o german_n have_v not_o above_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n those_o that_o go_v over_o the_o mosa_n to_o forage_v not_o be_v yet_o return_v they_o charge_v upon_o the_o roman_n not_o expect_v any_o hostile_a encounter_n inasmuch_o as_o their_o ambassador_n be_v new_o depart_v from_o caesar_n and_o have_v obtain_v that_o day_n of_o truce_n but_o be_v set_v upon_o they_o make_v what_o resistance_n they_o can_v the_o german_n according_a to_o their_o usual_a custom_n for_o sook_v their_o horse_n and_o fight_v on_o foot_n run_v our_o horse_n into_o the_o belly_n and_o overthrow_v many_o of_o our_o man_n so_o that_o they_o easy_o put_v the_o roman_n to_o flight_n who_o never_o look_v back_o until_o they_o come_v into_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o legion_n in_o that_o battle_n be_v slay_v 74_o roman_a horseman_n &_o among_o the_o rest_n piso_n a_o aquitane_n a_o valiant_a man_n and_o bear_v of_o noble_a parentage_n who_o grandfather_n be_v the_o chief_a ruler_n in_o his_o city_n and_o call_v friend_n by_o the_o roman_a senate_n this_o piso_n see_v his_o brother_n compass_v about_o by_o the_o enemy_n break_v in_o upon_o they_o and_o rescue_v he_o but_o have_v his_o horse_n wound_v under_o he_o in_o the_o action_n and_o be_v dismount_v he_o fight_v stout_o on_o foot_n till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o enemy_n hem_v he_o in_o and_o give_v he_o in_o and_o give_v he_o several_a wound_n then_o he_o fall_v down_o which_o his_o brother_n see_v afar_o off_o for_o he_o have_v
government_n cicero_n and_o therefore_o cato_n name_v it_o the_o prerogative_n of_o a_o triumph_n and_o livy_n in_o his_o 26_o book_n say_v that_o it_o be_v long_o dispute_v on_o in_o the_o senate_n how_o they_o can_v deny_v one_o that_o be_v there_o present_a to_o triumph_v who_o absence_n they_o have_v honour_v with_o supplication_n and_o thanksgiving_n to_o the_o god_n for_o thing_n happy_o effect_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o ceremony_n be_v that_o after_o the_o magistrate_n have_v public_o proclaim_v it_o with_o this_o form_n or_o stile_n quod_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o feliciter_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la administrasset_fw-la that_o he_o have_v happy_o and_o successful_o administer_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o common-weal_n the_o roman_a people_n clothe_v in_o white_a garment_n and_o crown_v with_o garland_n go_v to_o all_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o god_n and_o there_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o gratulate_v the_o victory_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o general_n in_o which_o time_n they_o be_v forbid_v all_o other_o business_n but_o that_o which_o pertain_v to_o this_o solemnity_n it_o seem_v that_o this_o time_n of_o supplication_n be_v at_o first_o include_v within_o one_o or_o two_o day_n at_o the_o most_o as_o appear_v by_o livy_n in_o his_o three_o book_n where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o victory_n gain_v by_o two_o several_a battle_n be_v spiteful_o shut_v up_o by_o the_o senate_n in_o one_o day_n supplication_n the_o people_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n keep_v the_o next_o day_n holy_a and_o celebrate_v it_o with_o great_a devotion_n than_o the_o former_a upon_o the_o victory_n which_o camillus_n have_v against_o the_o veii_n there_o be_v grant_v four_o day_n of_o supplication_n to_o which_o there_o be_v afterward_o a_o day_n add_v which_o be_v the_o usual_a time_n of_o supplication_n unto_o the_o time_n that_o pompey_n end_v the_o war_n which_o they_o call_v mithridaticum_n when_o the_o usual_a time_n of_o five_o day_n be_v double_v and_o make_v ten_o and_o in_o the_o second_o of_o these_o commentary_n make_v fifteen_o and_o now_o bring_v to_o twenty_o day_n which_o set_v forth_o the_o incitement_n and_o reward_n of_o well_o do_v which_o the_o roman_n propound_v both_o at_o home_n &_o abroad_o to_o such_o as_o endeavour_v to_o enlarge_v their_o empire_n or_o manage_v a_o charge_n to_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o commonwealth_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o four_o commentary_n the_o five_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n caesar_n cause_v a_o great_a navy_n to_o be_v build_v in_o gallia_n he_o carry_v five_o legion_n into_o brittany_n where_o he_o make_v war_n with_o the_o britan_n on_o both_o side_n the_o river_n thames_n at_o his_o return_n into_o gallia_n most_o of_o the_o gall_n revolt_n and_o first_o the_o eburones_n under_o the_o conduction_n of_o ambiorix_n set_v upon_o the_o camp_n of_o q._n titurius_n the_o legate_n who_o they_o circumvent_v by_o subtlety_n and_o then_o besiege_v the_o camp_n of_o cicero_n but_o be_v put_v by_o and_o their_o army_n overthrow_v by_o caesar_n chap._n i._n caesar_n return_v into_o gallia_n find_v there_o great_a store_n of_o ship_v make_v by_o the_o soldier_n and_o command_v it_o to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o haven_n itius_n lucius_n domitius_n and_o appius_n claudius_n be_v consul_n caesar_n at_o his_o go_v into_o italy_n from_o his_o winter-quarter_n which_o he_o yearly_o do_v give_v order_n to_o the_o legate_n to_o build_v as_o many_o ship_n that_o winter_n as_o possible_o they_o can_v &_o to_o repair_v the_o old_a command_v they_o to_o be_v build_v of_o a_o low_a pitch_n than_o those_o which_o be_v use_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n for_o the_o speedy_a lade_n and_o unlade_v of_o they_o and_o because_o the_o tide_n in_o these_o sea_n be_v very_o great_a and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v to_o transport_v great_a store_n of_o horse_n he_o command_v they_o to_o be_v make_v flatter_v in_o the_o bottom_n than_o such_o as_o be_v usual_a in_o other_o place_n and_o all_o of_o they_o to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o use_n of_o oar_n to_o which_o purpose_n their_o low_a building_n serve_v very_o convenient_o other_o necessary_n and_o furniture_n for_o rig_v he_o give_v order_n to_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o spain_n caesar_n after_o a_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n in_o lombardy_n go_v present_o into_o illyricum_n where_o he_o hear_v that_o the_o pirustae_n infest_a the_o province_n by_o their_o incursion_n assoon_o as_o he_o come_v thither_o he_o levy_v soldier_n and_o appoint_v they_o a_o rendezvous_n which_o the_o pirustae_n hear_v of_o they_o send_v ambassador_n present_o to_o he_o excuse_v the_o business_n as_o not_o do_v by_o public_a consent_n and_o express_v a_o readiness_n to_o make_v any_o satisfaction_n that_o shall_v be_v demand_v caesar_n have_v hear_v their_o message_n appoint_v they_o to_o give_v hostage_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o by_o such_o a_o day_n or_o else_o they_o must_v expect_v notb_v but_o war_n and_o ruin_n to_o their_o city_n hostage_n be_v bring_v by_o the_o appoint_a time_n whereupon_o caesar_n depute_v certain_a to_o arbitrate_v difference_n between_o the_o city_n and_o to_o punish_v as_o they_o see_v cause_n for_o it_o these_o thing_n be_v over_o he_o return_v forthwith_o into_o lombardy_n and_o thence_o to_o his_o army_n in_o gallia_n the_o observation_n this_o itius_n portus_n floide_v think_v to_o be_v calais_n other_o take_v it_o to_o be_v saint_n omer_n partly_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n which_o be_v in_o itself_o very_o low_o have_v notwithstanding_o very_o high_a bank_n which_o encompass_v the_o town_n about_o and_o in_o time_n past_a be_v a_o very_a large_a haven_n to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v the_o distance_n from_o this_o town_n to_o the_o next_o continent_n of_o the_o island_n of_o brittany_n which_o strabo_n make_v to_o contain_v 320._o stadia_fw-la which_o agree_v to_o the_o french_a computation_n of_o 13._o league_n caesar_n make_v it_o thirty_o mile_n this_o be_v the_o haven_n which_o pliny_n call_v britannicum_fw-la portum_fw-la morinorum_n chap._n ii_o caesar_n prevent_v new_a motion_n among_o the_o treviri_n and_o go_v to_o his_o navy_n dumnorix_n refuse_v to_o accompany_v he_o into_o britain_n his_o flight_n and_o death_n caesar_n leave_v soldier_n enough_o to_o do_v that_o business_n himself_o march_v with_o four_o legion_n and_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o treviri_n in_o regard_n they_o neither_o come_v to_o the_o assembly_n of_o state_n nor_o be_v obedient_a to_o his_o command_n and_o be_v far_o report_v to_o solicit_v the_o german_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n to_o new_a commotion_n this_o city_n be_v the_o most_o powerful_a of_o all_o gallia_n for_o matter_n of_o horse_n have_v likewise_o a_o great_a force_n of_o foot_n and_o lie_v so_o convenient_o upon_o the_o rhine_n for_o assistance_n wherein_o there_o be_v at_o thâ—s_n time_n a_o contention_n betwixt_o induciomarus_n and_o cingetorix_n who_o shall_v be_v chief_a ruler_n cingetorix_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o hear_v of_o the_o come_n of_o caesar_n with_o his_o army_n come_v in_o to_o he_o assure_v he_o of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o his_o party_n and_o their_o constancy_n to_o the_o friendship_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n discover_v withal_o unto_o he_o the_o present_a proceed_n among_o the_o treviri_n on_o the_o contrary_a induciomarus_n gather_v together_o what_o horse_n and_o foot_n he_o can_v resolve_v upon_o nothing_o else_o then_o war_n secure_v all_o the_o old_a and_o young_a folk_n not_o fit_a to_o bear_v arm_n in_o the_o wood_n arduenna_n which_o be_v a_o very_a large_a wood_n begin_v at_o the_o rhine_n and_o run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o treviri_n to_o the_o border_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rheims_n while_o thing_n be_v thus_o prepare_v divers_a of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o city_n some_o through_o the_o favour_n they_o bear_v to_o cingetorix_n other_o affright_v at_o the_o come_n of_o our_o army_n come_v forth_o to_o caesar_n and_o since_o they_o can_v not_o do_v it_o for_o the_o whole_a city_n they_o endeavour_v to_o make_v every_o man_n his_o own_o peace_n induciomarus_n see_v this_o and_o fear_v to_o be_v leave_v at_o last_o alone_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n excuse_v what_o he_o have_v do_v in_o not_o come_v to_o he_o which_o he_o saâ—d_v be_v do_v only_o to_o keep_v the_o city_n the_o better_a in_o obedience_n for_o if_o all_o the_o nobility_n shall_v have_v leave_v it_o the_o common_a people_n will_v have_v be_v apt_a to_o have_v make_v new_a trouble_n that_o the_o city_n be_v now_o at_o his_o command_n and_o if_o caesar_n will_v give_v leave_n he_o be_v ready_a to_o wait_v upon_o he_o in_o his_o camp_n and_o to_o lay_v the_o life_n and_o fortune_n of_o himself_o and_o the_o whole_a city_n at_o his_o foot_n caesar_n albeit_o he_o well_o know_v
the_o roman_n and_o to_o give_v they_o battle_n but_o be_v beat_v back_o with_o our_o horseman_n they_o convey_v themselves_o into_o a_o wood_n the_o place_n be_v strong_o fortify_v both_o by_o art_n and_o nature_n and_o make_v for_o a_o defence_n as_o it_o seem_v in_o their_o civil_a war_n for_o all_o the_o entrance_n be_v shut_v up_o with_o great_a tree_n lay_v overthwart_o the_o passage_n and_o the_o britan_n show_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o wood_n but_o here_o and_o there_o not_o suffer_v the_o roman_n to_o enter_v the_o fortification_n but_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o seven_o legion_n with_o a_o testudo_fw-la which_o they_o make_v and_o a_o mount_n which_o they_o raise_v take_v the_o place_n and_o drive_v they_o all_o out_o of_o the_o wood_n without_o any_o loss_n at_o all_o save_v some_o few_o wound_n which_o they_o receive_v but_o caesar_n forbid_v his_o man_n to_o follow_v after_o they_o with_o any_o long_a pursuit_n because_o he_o be_v both_o ignorant_a of_o the_o place_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o day_n be_v spend_v he_o will_v employ_v the_o rest_n thereof_o in_o the_o fortification_n of_o his_o camp_n observation_n caesar_n have_v take_v what_o assurace_n of_o peace_n he_o can_v with_o the_o gall_n both_o by_o carry_v the_o chief_a of_o their_o prince_n with_o he_o and_o by_o leave_v three_o legion_n in_o the_o continent_n to_o keep_v the_o vulgar_a people_n in_o obedience_n he_o embark_v all_o his_o man_n at_o one_o place_n that_o they_o may_v be_v all_o partaker_n of_o the_o same_o casualty_n and_o take_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o same_o adventure_n which_o be_v neglect_v the_o year_n before_o draw_v he_o into_o many_o inconvenience_n for_o want_n of_o horse_n which_o be_v embark_v at_o another_o haven_n meet_v with_o other_o chance_n and_o see_v other_o fortune_n and_o never_o come_v to_o he_o into_o brittany_n the_o place_n of_o land_v in_o this_o second_o voyage_n be_v the_o same_o where_o he_o land_v the_o year_n before_o and_o by_o the_o circumstance_n of_o this_o history_n may_v agree_v with_o that_o which_o tradition_n have_v deliver_v of_o deal_n in_o kent_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o caesar_n land_v in_o the_o first_o year_n we_o find_v that_o he_o never_o remove_v his_o camp_n from_o the_o sea_n shore_n where_o he_o first_o seat_v himself_o although_o his_o man_n go_v out_o to_o bring_v in_o corn_n as_o far_o as_o they_o may_v well_o return_v again_o at_o night_n but_o now_o he_o enter_v further_o into_o the_o island_n and_o within_o twelve_o mile_n march_n come_v unto_o a_o river_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o of_o canterbury_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n at_o sandwich_n in_o that_o he_o say_v that_o the_o garrison_n of_o his_o ship_n consist_v of_o ten_o cohort_n which_o i_o have_v say_v to_o be_v a_o legion_n we_o must_v understand_v that_o caesar_n leave_v not_o a_o entire_a legion_n in_o that_o garrison_n but_o he_o take_v ten_o cohort_n out_o of_o his_o whole_a force_n peradventure_o two_o out_o of_o every_o legion_n and_o appoint_v they_o to_o take_v the_o charge_n of_o his_o ship_n chap._n iu._n caesar_n return_v to_o his_o navy_n to_o take_v order_n for_o such_o loss_n as_o have_v happen_v by_o tempest_n the_o night_n before_o the_o next_o day_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n he_o divide_v his_o force_n into_o three_o company_n caesar_n &_o send_v they_o out_o to_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n but_o before_o they_o have_v march_v any_o far_a distance_n and_o come_v to_o have_v the_o rearward_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o view_n there_o come_v news_n from_o q._n atrius_n with_o who_o he_o leave_v the_o ten_o cohort_n and_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o ship_n that_o the_o night_n before_o there_o be_v such_o a_o tempest_n at_o sea_n that_o the_o whole_a navy_n be_v either_o fore_n beat_v or_o cast_v on_o shore_n and_o that_o neither_o anchor_n nor_o cable_n can_v hold_v they_o nor_o yet_o the_o sailor_n endure_v the_o force_n of_o the_o weather_n and_o that_o there_o be_v great_a loss_n in_o the_o ship_n by_o run_v against_o one_o another_o in_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o tempest_n upon_o these_o news_n caesar_n cause_v the_o legion_n to_o be_v call_v back_o again_o and_o to_o cease_v for_o that_o time_n from_o follow_v the_o enemy_n any_o further_o he_o himself_o return_v to_o the_o navy_n where_o he_o find_v that_o to_o be_v true_a which_o he_o have_v hear_v and_o that_o about_o forty_o ship_n be_v lose_v and_o the_o rest_n not_o to_o be_v repair_v but_o with_o great_a industry_n and_o pain_n first_o therefore_o he_o choose_v shipwrights_a and_o carpenter_n out_o of_o the_o legion_n and_o cause_v other_o to_o be_v send_v for_o out_o of_o gallia_n and_o write_v to_o labienus_n to_o make_v ready_a what_o ship_v he_o can_v and_o although_o it_o seem_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a difficulty_n and_o much_o labour_n yet_o he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o hale_v up_o all_o the_o ship_n on_o shore_n and_o to_o enclose_v they_o within_o the_o fortification_n of_o his_o camp_n in_o this_o business_n he_o spend_v ten_o day_n without_o intermission_n either_o of_o night_n or_o day_n until_o he_o have_v draw_v up_o the_o ship_n and_o strong_o fortify_v the_o camp_n leave_v the_o same_o garrison_n which_o be_v there_o before_o to_o defend_v it_o the_o observation_n wherein_o we_o may_v behold_v the_o true_a image_n of_o undaunted_a valour_n &_o the_o horrible_a industry_n as_o tully_n term_v it_o which_o he_o use_v to_o prevent_v fortune_n of_o her_o stroke_n in_o his_o business_n and_o comprehend_v casualty_n and_o future_a contingent_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o order_n and_o the_o bound_n of_o his_o own_o power_n be_v able_a in_o ten_o day_n space_n to_o set_v almost_o eight_o hundred_o ship_n from_o the_o hazard_n of_o wind_n &_o weather_n &_o to_o make_v his_o camp_n the_o road_n for_o his_o navy_n that_o so_o he_o may_v rest_v secure_a of_o a_o mean_n to_o return_v at_o his_o pleasure_n chap._n v._n the_o britan_n make_v cassivellaunus_n general_n in_o this_o war_n the_o island_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o people_n describe_v caesar_n return_v to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o he_o come_v caesar_n find_v far_o great_a force_n of_o the_o britan_n there_o assemble_v than_o he_o leave_v when_o he_o go_v to_o the_o navy_n and_o that_o by_o public_a consent_n of_o the_o britan_n the_o whole_a government_n of_o that_o war_n be_v give_v to_o cassivellaunus_n who_o kingdom_n lie_v divide_v from_o the_o maritime_a state_n with_o the_o river_n thames_n begin_v at_o the_o sea_n and_o extend_v itself_o four_o score_n mile_n into_o the_o island_n this_o cassivellaunus_n make_v continual_a war_n with_o his_o neighbour_n state_n but_o upon_o the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n they_o all_o forget_v there_o homebred_a quarrel_n and_o cast_v the_o whole_a government_n upon_o his_o shoulder_n as_o the_o fit_a to_o direct_v in_o that_o war_n the_o inner_a part_n of_o brittany_n be_v inhabit_v by_o such_o as_o memory_n record_v to_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o island_n and_o the_o maritime_a coast_n by_o such_o as_o come_v out_o of_o belgia_n either_o to_o make_v incursion_n or_o invasion_n and_o after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v they_o continue_v in_o the_o possession_n they_o have_v gain_v and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o city_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v the_o country_n be_v very_o populous_a and_o well_o inhabit_v with_o house_n much_o like_a unto_o they_o in_o gallia_n they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o cattle_n and_o use_v brass_n for_o money_n or_o iron_n ring_v weigh_v at_o a_o certain_a rate_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n there_o be_v find_v great_a quantity_n of_o tyn_n and_o in_o the_o maritime_a part_n iron_z but_o they_o have_v but_o little_a of_o that_o their_o brass_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o other_o nation_n they_o have_v all_o sort_n of_o tree_n that_o they_o have_v in_o gallia_n except_v the_o fig_n and_o the_o beech._n their_o religion_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o eat_v either_o hare_n hen_n or_o goose_n notwithstanding_o they_o have_v of_o all_o sort_n as_o well_o for_o novelty_n as_o variety_n the_o country_n be_v more_o temperate_a and_o not_o so_o cold_a as_o gallia_n the_o island_n lie_v trianglewise_a whereof_o one_o side_n confront_v gallia_n of_o which_o side_n that_o angle_n wherein_o kent_n be_v the_o usual_a place_n of_o land_v from_o gallia_n point_v to_o the_o east_n and_o the_o other_o angle_n to_o the_o south_n this_o side_n contain_v about_o 500_o mile_n another_o side_n lie_v towards_o spain_n and_o the_o west_n that_o way_n where_o ireland_n lie_v be_v a_o island_n half_a as_o big_a as_o england_n and_o as_o far_o distant_a from_o it_o as_o gallia_n in_o the_o midway_n between_o england_n and_o ireland_n lie_v a_o island_n call_v
up_o for_o a_o show_n with_o a_o single_a row_n of_o turf_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v appear_v to_o be_v make_v up_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v break_v open_a some_o of_o they_o begin_v to_o break_v down_o the_o rampire_n with_o their_o hand_n and_o other_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n which_o caesar_n perceive_v sally_v out_o at_o all_o the_o port_n at_o once_o and_o send_v out_o the_o cavalry_n put_v the_o enemy_n so_o sudden_o to_o flight_n that_o not_o one_o of_o they_o resist_v by_o way_n of_o fight_v insomuch_o as_o he_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o and_o put_v they_o all_o beside_o their_o arms._n but_o because_o he_o fear_v to_o follow_v they_o far_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o bog_n that_o lay_v in_o their_o passage_n be_v unwilling_a to_o hazard_v himself_o upon_o the_o least_o occasion_n of_o danger_n he_o return_v with_o all_o his_o force_n in_o safety_n and_o the_o selfsame_a day_n come_v to_o cicero_n where_o he_o admire_v the_o tower_n the_o mantlet_n and_o work_n which_o be_v begin_v and_o prepare_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o draw_v out_o the_o legion_n he_o find_v that_o the_o ten_o man_n have_v not_o escape_v without_o wound_n by_o all_o which_o circumstance_n he_o understand_v with_o what_o danger_n and_o valour_n the_o business_n have_v be_v carry_v he_o commend_v cicero_n and_o the_o legion_n according_a to_o their_o merit_n call_v out_o by_o name_n such_o centurion_n and_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n as_o by_o testimony_n of_o cicero_n be_v find_v to_o have_v deserve_v extraordinary_o in_o that_o service_n inform_v himself_o by_o the_o captive_n of_o the_o certainty_n of_o sabinus_n &_o cotta_n misfortune_n the_o next_o day_n he_o speak_v public_o to_o the_o soldier_n open_v the_o particular_n of_o that_o matter_n and_o then_o season_v they_o with_o comfort_n and_o encouragement_n show_v that_o the_o loss_n which_o happen_v through_o the_o fault_n and_o temerity_n of_o a_o legate_n be_v to_o be_v bear_v with_o better_a patience_n and_o the_o rather_o forasmuch_o as_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o immortal_a god_n and_o by_o their_o own_o virtue_n the_o loss_n be_v redeem_v in_o such_o a_o fashion_n as_o neither_o the_o enemy_n do_v long_o joy_v it_o nor_o themselves_o be_v long_o afflict_v with_o grief_n for_o the_o same_o observation_n the_o passage_n in_o this_o chapter_n be_v of_o great_a variety_n and_o do_v give_v occasion_n of_o much_o discourse_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o remarkable_a be_v that_o to_o exceed_v in_o force_n and_o troop_n of_o man_n may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o bring_v a_o party_n to_o a_o overthrow_n for_o a_o extraordinary_a power_n do_v always_o beget_v a_o opinion_n sort_v to_o their_o own_o desire_n and_o can_v hardly_o think_v of_o any_o other_o end_n than_o that_o which_o sâ—â—â—th_v with_o security_n and_o victorious_a success_n which_o be_v cross_v in_o any_o material_a circumstance_n and_o put_v beside_o the_o course_n of_o their_o intendment_n whereby_o they_o fail_v of_o what_o they_o expect_v do_v consequent_o draw_v all_o the_o other_o way_n and_o change_v hope_n into_o mishap_n as_o it_o fare_v here_o with_o the_o gall_n upon_o caesar_n sudden_a sally_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n chap._n xxii_o the_o commotion_n of_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n induciomarus_n attempt_v great_a matter_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o country_n quiet_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o report_n of_o caesar_n victory_n be_v carry_v to_o labienus_n with_o incredible_a speed_n caesar_n through_o the_o country_n of_o those_o of_o rheims_n insomuch_o as_o be_v fifty_o mile_n distant_a from_o that_o place_n where_o cicero_n winter_v and_o that_o the_o overthrow_n be_v give_v about_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n there_o be_v a_o shout_n at_o the_o camp-gate_n before_o midnight_n whereby_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n congratulate_v labienus_n for_o that_o victory_n the_o fame_n whereof_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o treviri_n induciomarus_n that_o purpose_v the_o next_o day_n to_o besiege_v labienus_n flee_v in_o the_o night_n time_n and_o carry_v all_o his_o force_n back_o to_o the_o treviri_n caesar_n remand_v fabius_n with_o his_o legion_n into_o their_o winter_n station_n he_o himself_o with_o three_o legion_n determine_v to_o winter_n about_o samarobrina_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o there_o be_v such_o commotion_n throughout_o all_o gallia_n himself_o resolve_v to_o abide_v with_o the_o army_n all_o the_o winter_n for_o upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o sabinus_n almost_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n do_v enter_v into_o a_o consultation_n of_o war_n send_v messenger_n and_o ambassador_n into_o all_o part_n to_o make_v overture_n for_o future_a resolution_n and_o to_o understand_v in_o what_o place_n the_o war_n may_v best_o be_v set_v on_o foot_n hold_v their_o conventicle_n by_o night_n in_o secret_a and_o desert_a place_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o there_o pass_v not_o a_o day_n during_o all_o that_o winter_n which_o bring_v not_o some_o new_a care_n or_o trouble_v to_o caesar_n whilst_o he_o be_v daily_o advertise_v of_o new_a meeting_n and_o conspiracy_n among_o the_o gall_n among_o other_o he_o have_v intelligence_n from_o l_o roscius_n the_o leg_n eat_v who_o he_o have_v set_v over_o the_o thirteen_o legion_n that_o great_a force_n of_o those_o state_n and_o city_n of_o the_o gall_n that_o be_v call_v armoricae_n be_v assemble_v together_o to_o fight_v against_o he_o brittany_n and_o be_v come_v within_o eight_o mile_n of_o his_o camp_n but_o understand_v of_o caesar_n victory_n they_o fall_v back_o in_o such_o a_o fashion_n as_o though_o they_o mean_v to_o fly_v away_o but_o caesar_n have_v call_v unto_o he_o the_o prince_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o every_o state_n terrify_v some_o as_o seem_v to_o understand_v their_o complotment_n and_o persuade_v other_o keep_v a_o great_a part_n of_o gallia_n in_o obedience_n howbeit_o the_o senones_n a_o strong_a people_n and_o of_o great_a authority_n among_o the_o gall_n go_v about_o by_o a_o public_a decree_n to_o kill_v cavarinus_n who_o caesar_n have_v set_v to_o be_v king_n over_o they_o who_o brother_n moritasgus_fw-la at_o caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n and_o who_o ancestor_n former_o be_v possess_v of_o that_o kingdom_n which_o he_o perceive_v flee_v away_o and_o be_v prosecute_v to_o the_o very_a border_n and_o so_o drive_v as_o well_o out_o of_o his_o private_a house_n as_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o have_v send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o satisfy_v he_o herein_o whereas_o he_o command_v the_o whole_a senate_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o they_o refuse_v to_o obey_v his_o warrant_n so_o much_o it_o prevail_v among_o barbarous_a people_n that_o there_o be_v some_o find_v that_o dare_v avouch_v the_o undertake_n of_o a_o war_n which_o make_v such_o a_o alteration_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n that_o beside_o the_o hedâ—i_n and_o the_o state_n of_o rheims_n who_o caesar_n have_v in_o great_a favour_n and_o respect_n the_o one_o for_o their_o ancient_a and_o perpetual_a fidelity_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o other_o for_o their_o late_a service_n in_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n there_o be_v almost_o no_o state_n free_a from_o suspicion_n insomuch_o as_o i_o know_v not_o well_o whether_o it_o may_v not_o be_v wonder_v at_o or_o no_o as_o well_o for_o many_o other_o reason_n as_o special_o for_o that_o they_o great_o grieve_v that_o they_o who_o excel_v all_o other_o nation_n in_o deed_n of_o arm_n have_v now_o lose_v their_o reputation_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v force_v to_o bear_v the_o yoke_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n the_o treviri_n and_o induciomarus_n lose_v no_o time_n of_o all_o that_o winter_n but_o send_v commissioner_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n solicit_v the_o city_n and_o promise_a money_n with_o confident_a aslurance_n that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o army_n be_v already_o cut_v off_o and_o that_o which_o be_v leave_v be_v but_o a_o small_a remainder_n of_o the_o same_o and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o no_o people_n of_o the_o german_n can_v be_v persuade_v to_o pass_v the_o rhine_n for_o have_v twice_o make_v trial_n to_o their_o cost_n in_o the_o war_n of_o ariovistus_n and_o in_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o *_o franckfort_n tenchtheri_n they_o will_v tempt_v fortune_n no_o further_o induciomarus_n cast_v down_o from_o his_o hope_n do_v notwithstanding_o train_n and_o gather_v force_n get_v horse_n from_o the_o border_a state_n and_o with_o great_a reward_n draw_v unto_o he_o banish_v and_o condemn_v man_n from_o all_o part_n of_o gallia_n and_o do_v thereby_o get_v such_o a_o opinion_n throughout_o all_o that_o continent_n that_o ambassador_n come_v flock_v unto_o he_o from_o all_o quarter_n and_o seek_v his_o favour_n both_o in_o publâ—ck_n and_o private_a when_o he_o understand_v that_o man_n make_v
may_v through_o want_n of_o victual_n be_v draw_v to_o fight_v upon_o hard_a condition_n he_o give_v order_n also_o that_o they_o shall_v every_o day_n send_v out_o discoverer_n to_o the_o suevi_n to_o understand_v what_o they_o do_v the_o ubii_n do_v as_o they_o be_v command_v and_o after_o a_o few_o day_n bring_v word_n that_o all_o the_o suevi_n have_v receive_v certain_a news_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n have_v retire_v themselves_o and_o all_o their_o force_n to_o their_o utmost_a confine_n where_o there_o be_v a_o wood_n of_o a_o infinite_a greatness_n call_v bacenis_fw-la which_o serve_v as_o a_o native_a wall_n or_o defence_n to_o keep_v the_o chirusci_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o suevi_n and_o the_o suevi_n from_o the_o injury_n and_o spoil_n of_o the_o chirusci_n that_o at_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o wood_n the_o suevi_n do_v expect_v the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n observation_n i_o will_v hold_v my_o former_a purpose_n not_o to_o deliver_v any_o thing_n concern_v bridge_n bridges_n whereof_o there_o be_v so_o many_o treatise_n already_o extant_a neither_o will_v i_o go_v about_o to_o describe_v the_o substantial_a building_n or_o ingenious_a workmanship_n of_o this_o bridge_n here_o mention_v which_o may_v well_o beseem_v caesar_n and_o his_o army_n for_o as_o he_o only_o can_v or_o at_o the_o least_o do_v put_v in_o practice_n the_o make_v thereof_o so_o will_v i_o leave_v the_o description_n to_o himself_o as_o best_o suit_v with_o his_o eloquence_n 5._o but_o forasmuch_o as_o brancatio_n a_o italian_a writer_n take_v occasion_n from_o hence_o to_o run_v into_o ignorance_n and_o error_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o set_v a_o mark_n upon_o this_o place_n lest_z other_o not_o know_v the_o ancient_a course_n shall_v run_v their_o bark_n upon_o the_o same_o shallows_n among_o other_o advertisement_n be_v but_o fourteen_o in_o all_o which_o he_o have_v give_v upon_o caesar_n commentary_n he_o note_v and_o commend_v the_o use_n of_o bridge_n make_v of_o boat_n which_o be_v common_o carry_v in_o a_o army-royall_a to_o that_o purpose_n before_o this_o or_o any_o other_o invention_n of_o former_a time_n special_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o easiness_n and_o expedition_n which_o may_v be_v use_v both_o in_o make_v such_o a_o bridge_n and_o take_v it_o up_o again_o for_o the_o boat_n be_v prepare_v ready_a as_o usual_o they_o be_v in_o camp-royal_n such_o a_o bridge_n may_v be_v make_v in_o a_o day_n which_o caesar_n can_v not_o do_v in_o ten_o but_o with_o great_a wonderment_n and_o admiration_n and_o therein_o i_o hold_v well_o with_o brancatio_n that_o for_o the_o speedy_a transportation_n of_o a_o army_n over_o a_o river_n there_o be_v no_o ready_a mean_n than_o a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n presuppose_v the_o boat_n to_o be_v first_o in_o a_o readiness_n but_o that_o which_o he_o conclude_v be_v time_n that_o man_n wit_n in_o these_o time_n be_v much_o sharp_a and_o ready_a than_o those_o of_o former_a age_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v find_v out_o a_o easy_a and_o expedite_a course_n which_o fome_a time_n can_v never_o reach_v unto_o wherein_o i_o will_v not_o go_v about_o to_o derogate_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o time_n in_o which_o we_o live_v and_o breath_n but_o do_v desire_n to_o find_v they_o better_o accomplish_v then_o any_o other_o forego_v age_n howsoever_o i_o may_v suspect_v a_o great_a weakness_n of_o wit_n in_o these_o day_n wherein_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o body_n be_v worse_o condition_v than_o it_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o our_o forefather_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o many_o argument_n &_o serve_v not_o so_o fit_o to_o the_o work_a power_n of_o the_o mind_n as_o it_o do_v before_o this_o multiplicity_n of_o mixture_n when_o the_o state_n of_o man_n body_n be_v compound_v of_o those_o perfect_a element_n which_o be_v in_o our_o first_o parent_n but_o for_o this_o reason_n which_o brancatio_n allege_v the_o reader_n may_v be_v please_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o use_n of_o boat-bridge_n be_v both_o know_v and_o in_o practice_n as_o well_o before_o the_o roman_a empire_n as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o government_n polyhymi_n herodotus_n relate_v the_o passage_n of_o xerxes_n army_n into_o greece_n herodot_n describe_v this_o bridge_n of_o boat_n which_o brancatio_n will_v attribute_v to_o the_o invention_n of_o our_o time_n in_o the_o self_n same_o manner_n or_o rather_o more_o artificial_o than_o have_v be_v accustom_v in_o these_o late_a age_n for_o find_v that_o no_o timber-work_n will_v serve_v the_o turn_n to_o make_v a_o sufficient_a bridge_n over_o the_o straits_n of_o hellespont_n be_v seven_o furlong_n in_o breadth_n he_o cause_v biremes_n and_o triremes_n to_o be_v place_v in_o equal_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o and_o fasten_v with_o anchour_n before_o and_o behind_o and_o to_o be_v join_v together_o with_o plank_n and_o board_n and_o then_o cover_v with_o sand_n and_o gravel_n raise_v a_o hedge_n or_o blind_v on_o each_o side_n thereof_o to_o the_o end_n the_o horse_n and_o cattle_n may_v not_o be_v afraid_a at_o the_o work_n of_o the_o billow_n and_o so_o make_v a_o bridge_n for_o the_o passage_n of_o his_o army_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n â—_o tacitus_n describe_v the_o like_a bridge_n to_o be_v make_v over_o the_o river_n po_n by_o valens_n and_o cecina_n with_o as_o great_a skill_n as_o can_v be_v show_v at_o these_o time_n for_o say_v he_o they_o place_v boat_n a_o cross_a the_o river_n in_o equal_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o and_o join_v they_o together_o with_o strong_a plank_n and_o fasten_v they_o with_o anchour_n but_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o anchorarum_fw-la funes_fw-la non_fw-la extenti_fw-la fluitabant_fw-la ut_fw-la augescente_fw-la flumine_fw-la inoffensus_fw-la or_o do_v navium_fw-la attolieretur_fw-la the_o cable_n of_o the_o anchour_n float_v loose_a not_o be_v extend_v to_o their_o length_n that_o upon_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o river_n the_o ship_n may_v be_v lift_v up_o without_o any_o prejudice_n to_o they_o whereby_o it_o appear_v how_o much_o brancatio_n be_v deceive_v in_o ascribe_v that_o to_o these_o late_a time_n which_o be_v the_o invention_n of_o former_a age_n and_o may_v serve_v as_o a_o caveat_n to_o our_o out-languist_a humorist_n that_o can_v endure_v no_o read_n but_o that_o which_o sound_v with_o a_o strange_a idiom_n not_o to_o trust_v too_o much_o upon_o their_o author_n lest_o whilst_o they_o stiâ—le_v their_o memory_n with_o strange_a word_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n they_o starve_v their_o understanding_n chap._n vii_o the_o faction_n in_o gallia_n in_o caesar_n time_n but_o here_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o deliver_v somewhat_o touch_v the_o manner_n and_o fashion_n of_o life_n caesar_n both_o of_o the_o gall_n and_o of_o the_o german_n and_o wherein_o those_o two_o nation_n do_v differ_v in_o gallia_n not_o only_o in_o every_o city_n village_n and_o precinct_n but_o almost_o in_o every_o particular_a house_n there_o be_v party_n and_o faction_n the_o head_n whereof_o be_v such_o as_o they_o think_v to_o be_v of_o great_a authority_n according_a to_o who_o opinion_n and_o command_v the_o main_a course_n of_o their_o action_n be_v direct_v and_o this_o seem_v a_o custom_n institute_v of_o old_a time_n to_o the_o end_n that_o none_o of_o the_o common_a people_n how_o mean_a soever_o may_v at_o any_o time_n want_v mean_n to_o make_v their_o party_n good_a against_o a_o great_a man_n for_o if_o they_o shall_v suffer_v their_o party_n and_o follower_n to_o be_v either_o oppress_v or_o circumvent_v they_o shall_v never_o bear_v any_o rule_n or_o authority_n among_o they_o and_o this_o be_v the_o course_n throughout_o all_o gallia_n for_o all_o their_o state_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o faction_n when_o caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n the_o hedui_n be_v chief_a ringleader_n of_o the_o one_o party_n and_o the_o sequani_n of_o the_o other_o these_o find_v themselves_o to_o be_v the_o worker_n side_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o principality_n and_o chief_a power_n be_v ancient_o sâ—ated_v in_o the_o hedui_n have_v many_o and_o great_a adherent_n and_o client_n draw_v the_o german_n and_o ariovistus_n by_o many_o great_a promise_n on_o their_o party_n and_o after_o many_o great_a victory_n all_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o hedui_n be_v slay_v they_o go_v so_o far_o beyond_o they_o in_o power_n and_o authority_n that_o they_o draw_v the_o great_a part_n of_o client_n from_o the_o hedui_n to_o themselves_o and_o take_v the_o child_n of_o their_o prince_n for_o pledge_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o take_v a_o public_a oath_n not_o to_o undertake_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o sequani_n beside_o a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o country_n which_o they_o take_v from_o they_o by_o force_n and_o so_o they_o obtain_v the_o principality_n of_o gallia_n
and_o the_o other_o violent_a and_o rash_a and_o yet_o both_o attain_v the_o like_a good_a fortune_n by_o two_o contrary_a course_n or_o otherwise_o as_o oftentimes_o it_o fall_v out_o the_o more_o heedless_a the_o more_o happy_a have_v be_v persuade_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v so_o govern_v by_o fortune_n that_o the_o wisdom_n of_o man_n can_v neither_o alter_v nor_o amend_v they_o and_o therefore_o to_o spend_v much_o time_n or_o tedious_a labour_n either_o in_o careful_a circumspection_n or_o heedful_a prevention_n of_o that_o which_o be_v unchangeable_a they_o hold_v as_o vain_a as_o the_o wash_n of_o a_o aethiopian_a to_o make_v he_o white_a of_o this_o opinion_n sylla_n seem_v to_o be_v sylla_n profess_v himself_o better_a bear_v to_o fortune_n then_o to_o the_o war_n and_o acknowledge_v his_o happy_a victory_n to_o have_v proceed_v from_o his_o most_o heedless_a and_o unadvised_a resolution_n and_o the_o great_a alexander_n so_o carry_v himself_o as_o though_o he_o have_v be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n of_o who_o curtius_n say_v quoties_fw-la illum_fw-la fortuna_fw-la à _fw-la morte_fw-la revocavit_fw-la quoties_fw-la temere_fw-la in_o pericula_fw-la vectum_fw-la perpetua_fw-la felicitate_a protexit_fw-la how_o many_o a_o time_n do_v fortune_n call_v he_o back_o from_o the_o brink_n of_o death_n how_o often_o do_v she_o happy_o defend_v and_o save_v he_o when_o he_o have_v by_o his_o rashness_n bring_v himself_o into_o danger_n alexander_n and_o plutarch_n say_v that_o he_o have_v power_n of_o time_n and_o place_n other_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o ascribe_v so_o much_o to_o fortune_n as_o to_o make_v themselves_o the_o tennis-ball_n to_o her_o racket_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v content_a to_o allow_v her_o half_a of_o every_o thing_n they_o go_v about_o reserve_v the_o other_o moiety_n to_o their_o own_o direction_n and_o so_o like_a partner_n in_o a_o adventure_n they_o labour_v to_o improve_v their_o share_n for_o their_o best_a advantage_n some_o other_o there_o be_v that_o will_v allow_v fortune_n no_o part_n at_o all_o in_o their_o action_n but_o do_v confront_v she_o with_o a_o goddess_n of_o great_a power_n and_o make_v industry_n the_o mean_n to_o annul_v her_o deity_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v timotheus_n the_o athenian_a sylla_n who_o have_v achieve_v many_o notable_a victory_n will_v not_o allow_v of_o the_o conceit_n of_o the_o painter_n that_o have_v make_v a_o table_n wherein_o fortune_n be_v take_v in_o those_o city_n which_o he_o have_v win_v with_o a_o net_n whilst_o he_o himself_o sleep_v but_o protest_v against_o she_o in_o that_o behalf_n and_o will_v not_o give_v she_o any_o part_n in_o that_o business_n and_o thus_o the_o heathen_a world_n vary_v as_o much_o in_o their_o opinion_n touch_v fortune_n as_o fortune_n herself_o do_v in_o her_o event_n to_o themward_n which_o be_v so_o divers_a and_o changeable_a as_o be_v able_a to_o ensnare_v the_o deep_a wit_n and_o confound_v the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o great_a judgement_n whereby_o the_o word_n fortune_n usurp_v a_o deity_n and_o get_v a_o opinion_n of_o extraordinary_a power_n in_o the_o regiment_n of_o humane_a action_n but_o our_o christian_a time_n have_v a_o ready_a lesson_n wherein_o be_v teach_v a_o sovereign_a providence_n guide_v and_o direct_v the_o thought_n of_o man_n heart_n with_o the_o faculty_n and_o power_n of_o the_o soul_n together_o with_o their_o external_a action_n to_o such_o end_n as_o shall_v seem_v best_a to_o that_o omnipotent_a wisdom_n to_o who_o all_o our_o ability_n serve_v as_o instrument_n and_o mean_n to_o effect_v his_o purpose_n notwithstanding_o our_o particular_a intendment_n or_o what_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n may_v otherwise_o determine_v and_o therefore_o such_o as_o will_v make_v their_o way_n prosperous_a unto_o themselves_o and_o receive_v that_o contentment_n which_o their_o hope_n expect_v or_o their_o labour_n will_v deserve_v must_v use_v those_o help_n which_o the_o rule_n of_o christianity_n do_v teach_v in_o that_o behalf_n and_o may_v better_o be_v learn_v from_o a_o divine_a then_o from_o he_o that_o write_v treatise_n of_o war._n the_o second_o observation_n quintus_fw-la curtius_n speak_v of_o alexander_n sai_z expedition_n nullam_fw-la virtutem_fw-la regis_fw-la istius_fw-la magis_fw-la quam_fw-la celeritatem_fw-la laudaverim_fw-la i_o can_v commend_v no_o virtue_n in_o this_o king_n before_o his_o speed_n &_o celerity_n whereof_o this_o may_v be_v a_o ground_n that_o he_o follow_v darius_n with_o such_o speed_n after_o the_o second_o battle_n he_o give_v he_o that_o in_o eleven_o day_n he_o march_v with_o his_o army_n six_o hundred_o mile_n which_o be_v a_o chase_n well_o fit_v alexander_n the_o great_a and_o may_v rest_v unexampled_a notwithstanding_o suetonius_n give_v this_o general_a report_n of_o caesar_n that_o in_o matter_n military_a aut_fw-la aequavit_fw-la praestantissimorum_fw-la gloriam_fw-la aut_fw-la excessit_fw-la he_o either_o equal_v or_o exceed_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o best_a and_o for_o this_o particular_a he_o say_v quod_fw-la persaepe_fw-la nuntius_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la praevenit_fw-la that_o he_o be_v very_o often_o the_o messenger_n of_o his_o own_o success_n and_o to_o speak_v true_o he_o seem_v to_o challenge_v to_o himself_o expedition_n and_o speed_n as_o his_o peculiar_a commendation_n ground_v himself_o upon_o the_o danger_n which_o linger_v and_o foreslow_v of_o time_n do_v usual_o bring_v to_o well_o advise_v resolution_n according_a to_o that_o of_o lucan_n the_o poet_n nocuit_fw-la semper_fw-la differre_fw-la paratis_fw-la delay_z do_v always_o hurt_v those_o that_o be_v ready_a for_o by_o this_o speedy_a execution_n of_o well-digested_a direction_n he_o gain_v two_o main_a advantage_n first_o the_o prevention_n of_o such_o help_n and_o mean_n as_o the_o enemy_n will_v otherwise_o have_v have_v to_o make_v the_o war_n dangerous_a and_o the_o event_n doubtful_a and_o second_o the_o confusion_n and_o fear_n which_o do_v consequent_o follow_v such_o main_a disappointment_n be_v the_o most_o dangerous_a accident_n that_o can_v happen_v to_o any_o party_n and_o the_o chief_a point_n to_o be_v endeavour_v to_o be_v cast_v upon_o a_o enemy_n by_o he_o that_o will_v make_v a_o easy_a conquest_n for_o proof_n whereof_o among_o many_o other_o example_n i_o will_v only_o allege_v his_o expedition_n to_o rome_n when_o he_o first_o come_v against_o pompey_n according_a to_o plutarch_n relation_n pompey_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n say_v he_o news_n come_v to_o rome_n that_o caesar_n have_v win_v ariminum_n a_o great_a city_n in_o italy_n and_o that_o he_o come_v direct_o to_o rome_n with_o a_o great_a power_n which_o be_v not_o true_a for_o he_o come_v but_o with_o 3000._o horse_n and_o 5000._o foot_n and_o will_v not_o tarry_v for_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o alps_n in_o gallia_n but_o make_v haste_n rather_o to_o surprise_v his_o enemy_n upon_o the_o sudden_a be_v afraid_a and_o in_o garboil_n not_o look_v for_o he_o so_o soon_o then_o to_o give_v they_o time_n to_o be_v provide_v and_o so_o to_o fight_v with_o they_o in_o the_o best_a of_o their_o strength_n which_o fall_v out_o according_o for_o this_o sudden_a and_o unexpected_a approach_n of_o he_o put_v all_o italy_n and_o rome_n itself_o into_o such_o a_o tumult_n and_o confusion_n that_o no_o man_n know_v what_o way_n to_o take_v for_o his_o safety_n for_o such_o as_o be_v out_o of_o rome_n come_v fly_v thither_o from_o all_o part_n and_o those_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o be_v in_o rome_n go_v out_o as_o fast_o and_o forsake_v the_o city_n and_o the_o amazement_n be_v such_o that_o pompey_n and_o the_o senate_n flee_v into_o greece_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o caesar_n in_o threescore_o day_n be_v lord_n of_o all_o italy_n without_o any_o bloodshed_n beside_o this_o manner_n of_o prevention_n by_o sudden_a surprise_n we_o may_v see_v the_o like_a expedition_n in_o the_o very_a carriage_n and_o form_n of_o his_o war_n vici_fw-la for_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v take_v the_o field_n he_o labour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o bring_v he_o to_o sight_n or_o otherwise_o if_o he_o refuse_v to_o take_v the_o field_n he_o then_o endeavour_v with_o the_o like_a speed_n to_o besiege_v he_o or_o block_n he_o up_o in_o some_o hold_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v bring_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o speedy_a upshot_n as_o he_o do_v with_o vercingetorix_n at_o alesia_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o memorable_a touch_v this_o point_n at_o the_o first_o take_v in_o of_o spain_n in_o the_o garboil_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n civil_a he_o defeat_v two_o army_n overthrow_v two_o general_n and_o take_v in_o two_o province_n in_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o day_n neither_o do_v he_o make_v use_n of_o expedition_n only_o in_o his_o carriage_n of_o a_o war_n but_o also_o in_o the_o action_n and_o execution_n of_o battle_n for_o he_o never_o forsake_v a_o enemy_n overthrow_v and_o
station_n forasmuch_o as_o no_o place_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o least_o casualty_n and_o there_o he_o see_v how_o much_o fortune_n be_v able_a to_o do_v by_o the_o sudden_a come_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o how_o much_o more_o in_o that_o he_o be_v put_v off_o from_o the_o rampire_n and_o the_o gate_n which_o he_o have_v so_o near_o take_v but_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n this_o seem_v the_o strange_a that_o the_o german_n come_v over_o the_o rhine_n to_o depopulate_v and_o spoil_v ambiorix_n and_o his_o country_n have_v like_a to_o have_v take_v the_o roman_a camp_n which_o will_v have_v be_v as_o acceptable_a to_o ambiorix_n as_o any_o thing_n that_o can_v happen_v observation_n it_o be_v a_o old_a say_n fortune_n avouch_v by_o plutarch_n fortuna_fw-la id_fw-la unum_fw-la hominibus_fw-la non_fw-la aufert_fw-la quod_fw-la bene_fw-la fuerit_fw-la consultum_fw-la what_o a_o man_n have_v once_o well_o advise_v that_o and_o only_o that_o fortune_n can_v never_o despoil_v he_o of_o which_o tiberius_n the_o roman_a emperor_n well_o understand_v of_o who_o suetonius_n report_v quod_fw-la minimum_fw-la fortunae_fw-la casibusque_fw-la permittebat_fw-la that_o he_o trust_v very_o little_a to_o fortune_n or_o casualty_n and_o be_v the_o same_o which_o caesar_n counsel_v in_o this_o place_n ne_fw-la minimus_fw-la quidem_fw-la casui_fw-la locum_fw-la relinqui_fw-la debuisse_fw-la that_o no_o place_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o least_o casualty_n it_o be_v a_o hard_a condition_n to_o expose_v a_o naked_a party_n to_o the_o malice_n of_o a_o enemy_n or_o to_o disadvantage_n he_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o sight_n a_o army_n without_o a_o guard_n at_o any_o time_n be_v mere_o naked_a and_o more_o subject_a to_o slaughter_n than_o those_o that_o never_o take_v arm_n and_o the_o rather_o where_o the_o watch_n be_v want_v for_o there_o sudden_a chance_n can_v hardly_o be_v prevent_v and_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o avoid_v any_o such_o unexpected_a casualty_n they_o have_v great_a cause_n to_o thank_v fortune_n for_o her_o favour_n then_o to_o be_v angry_a with_o she_o for_o her_o malice_n for_o prevention_n at_o such_o time_n be_v out_o of_o the_o way_n and_o they_o be_v whole_o at_o her_o mercy_n as_o caesar_n have_v right_o deliver_v touch_v this_o accident_n and_o therefore_o whether_o a_o army_n march_v forward_o or_o continue_v in_o a_o place_n sleep_n or_o wake_v play_v or_o work_v go_v in_o hazard_n or_o rest_v secure_a let_v not_o so_o great_a a_o body_n be_v at_o any_o time_n without_o a_o competent_a strength_n to_o answer_v the_o spite_n of_o such_o misadventure_n chap._n xviii_o caesar_n return_v to_o spoil_v the_o enemy_n and_o punish_v acco_n caesar_n return_v again_o to_o trouble_v and_o vex_v the_o enemy_n caesar_n have_v call_v a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n from_o the_o border_a city_n he_o send_v they_o out_o into_o all_o part_n all_o the_o village_n and_o house_n which_o be_v any_o where_o to_o be_v see_v be_v burn_v to_o the_o ground_n pillage_n and_o booty_n be_v take_v in_o every_o place_n the_o corn_n be_v not_o only_o consume_v by_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n but_o beat_v down_o also_o by_o the_o unseasenableness_n of_o the_o year_n and_o continual_a rain_n insomuch_o that_o albeit_o divers_a do_v hide_v themselves_o for_o the_o present_a yet_o the_o army_n be_v withdraw_v they_o must_v necessary_o perish_v through_o want_n and_o scarcity_n and_o oftentimes_o they_o happen_v of_o the_o place_n the_o horseman_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o quarter_n where_o they_o do_v not_o only_o see_v ambiorix_n but_o keep_v he_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o sight_n and_o in_o hope_v still_o to_o take_v he_o some_o that_o think_v to_o demerit_n caesar_n high_a favour_n take_v such_o infinite_a pain_n as_o be_v almost_o beyond_o the_o power_n of_o nature_n and_o ever_o there_o seem_v but_o a_o little_a between_o they_o and_o the_o thing_n they_o most_o desire_v but_o he_o convey_v himself_o away_o through_o den_n and_o wood_n and_o dale_n and_o in_o the_o night_n time_n seek_v other_o country_n and_o quarter_n with_o no_o great_a a_o guard_n of_o horse_n than_o four_o to_o who_o only_o he_o dare_v commit_v the_o safety_n of_o his_o life_n the_o country_n be_v in_o this_o manner_n harry_v and_o depopulate_v caesar_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o two_o cohort_n bring_v back_o his_o army_n to_o durocortorum_n in_o the_o state_n of_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n where_o a_o parliament_n be_v summon_v he_o determine_v to_o call_v in_o question_n the_o conspiracy_n of_o the_o senones_n and_o carnutes_n and_o especial_o acco_n the_o principal_a author_n of_o that_o council_n who_o be_v condemn_v be_v put_v to_o death_n more_fw-it majorum_fw-la some_o other_o fear_v the_o like_a judgement_n save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n these_o he_o interdict_a fire_n and_o water_n so_o leave_v two_o legion_n to_o winter_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o treviri_n and_o two_o other_o among_o the_o lingones_n and_o the_o other_o six_o at_o agendicum_n in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o senones_n have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n for_o the_o army_n he_o go_v into_o italy_n ad_fw-la conventus_fw-la agendos_fw-la observation_n the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o summer_n work_n be_v shut_v up_o with_o the_o sack_n and_o depopulation_n of_o the_o eburones_n as_o the_o extremity_n of_o hostile_a fury_n when_o the_o enemy_n lie_v in_o the_o fastness_n of_o the_o country_n and_o refuse_v to_o make_v open_a war_n that_o be_v do_v caesar_n proceed_v in_o a_o course_n of_o civil_a judgement_n with_o such_o principal_a offender_n as_o be_v of_o the_o conspiracy_n and_o namely_o with_o acco_n who_o he_o punish_v in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o old_a roman_n be_v accustom_v to_o do_v with_o such_o offender_n as_o have_v forfeit_v their_o loyalty_n to_o their_o country_n a_o kind_n of_o death_n which_o nero_n know_v not_o although_o he_o have_v be_v emperor_n of_o rome_n thirteen_o year_n and_o put_v to_o death_n many_o thousand_o people_n the_o party_n condemn_v be_v to_o have_v his_o neck_n lock_v in_o a_o fork_n and_o to_o be_v whip_v naked_a to_o death_n and_o he_o that_o be_v put_v to_o death_n after_o that_o manner_n be_v punish_v more_o majorum_fw-la such_o other_o as_o fear_v to_o undergo_v the_o judgement_n and_o flee_v before_o they_o come_v to_o trial_n be_v banish_v out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o make_v uncapable_a of_o the_o benefit_n of_o fire_n and_o water_n in_o that_o empire_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o six_o commentary_n the_o seven_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n this_o last_o commentary_n contain_v the_o specialty_n of_o the_o war_n which_o caesar_n make_v against_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n unite_v into_o one_o confederacy_n for_o the_o expelling_a of_o the_o roman_a government_n out_o of_o that_o continent_n who_o caesar_n overthrow_v in_o the_o end_n horribili_fw-la vigilantia_fw-la &_o prodigiosis_fw-la operibus_fw-la by_o his_o horrible_a vigilancy_n and_o prodigious_a action_n chap._n i._n the_o gall_n enter_v into_o new_a deliberation_n of_o revolt_n gallia_n be_v in_o quiet_a 〈◊〉_d caesar_n according_a to_o his_o determination_n go_v into_o italy_n to_o keep_v court_n and_o session_n there_o he_o under_o stand_v that_o p._n clodius_n be_v slay_v and_o of_o a_o decree_n which_o the_o senate_n have_v make_v touch_v the_o assembly_n of_o all_o the_o youth_n of_o italy_n and_o thereupon_o he_o purpose_v to_o enroll_v new_a band_n throughout_o the_o whole_a province_n these_o news_n be_v quick_o carry_v over_o the_o alps_n into_o gallia_n &_o the_o gall_n themselves_o add_v such_o rumour_n to_o it_o as_o the_o matter_n seem_v well_o to_o to_o bear_v that_o caesar_n be_v now_o detain_v by_o the_o trouble_n at_o rome_n and_o in_o such_o dissension_n can_v not_o return_v to_o his_o army_n be_v stir_v up_o by_o this_o occasion_n such_o as_o before_o be_v inward_o grieve_v that_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n do_v now_o more_o free_o and_o bold_o enter_v into_o the_o consideration_n of_o war_n the_o prince_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o gallia_n have_v appoint_v counsel_n and_o meeting_n in_o remote_a and_o woody_a place_n complain_v of_o the_o death_n of_o acco_n and_o show_v it_o to_o be_v a_o fortune_n which_o may_v concern_v themselves_o they_o pity_v the_o common_a misery_n of_o gallia_n and_o do_v propound_v all_o manner_n of_o promise_n and_o reward_n to_o such_o as_o will_v begin_v the_o war_n and_o with_o the_o danger_n of_o their_o life_n redeem_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n where_o in_o they_o be_v to_o be_v very_o careful_a not_o to_o foreslow_v any_o time_n to_o the_o end_n that_o caesar_n may_v be_v stop_v from_o come_v to_o his_o army_n before_o their_o secret_a conference_n be_v discover_v which_o may_v easy_o
soldier_n to_o be_v send_v he_o with_o all_o speed_n he_o rate_v every_o city_n what_o proportion_n of_o arm_n they_o shall_v have_v ready_a and_o special_o he_o labour_v to_o raise_v great_a store_n of_o horse_n to_o extraordinary_a diligence_n he_o add_v extraordinary_a severity_n compel_v such_o as_o stand_v doubtful_a by_o hard_a and_o severe_a punishment_n for_o such_o as_o have_v commit_v a_o great_a offence_n he_o put_v to_o death_n by_o fire_n and_o torture_n lesser_a fault_n he_o punish_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o nose_n or_o their_o eye_n and_o so_o send_v they_o home_o that_o by_o their_o example_n other_o may_v be_v terrify_v by_o these_o practice_n and_o severity_n have_v speedy_o raise_v a_o great_a army_n he_o send_v lucterius_n of_o cahors_n a_o man_n of_o great_a spirit_n and_o boldness_n with_o part_n of_o the_o force_n towards_o the_o rutheni_n and_o he_o himself_o make_v towards_o the_o bituriges_n upon_o his_o come_v the_o bituriges_n send_v to_o the_o hedui_n in_o who_o protection_n they_o be_v in_o require_v aid_n against_o vercingetorix_n the_o hedui_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o legate_n which_o caesar_n have_v leave_v with_o the_o army_n send_v force_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o bituriges_n who_o come_v to_o the_o river_n loire_n which_o divide_v the_o bituriges_n from_o the_o hedui_n after_o a_o few_o day_n stay_v not_o dare_v to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n return_v home_o again_o bring_v word_n to_o our_o legate_n that_o they_o dare_v not_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o bituriges_n and_o so_o return_v for_o they_o know_v that_o if_o they_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o river_n the_o bituriges_n have_v inciose_v they_o in_o on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o arverni_n on_o the_o other_o but_o whether_o they_o do_v return_v upon_o that_o occasion_n or_o through_o perfidious_a treachery_n it_o remain_v doubtful_a the_o bituriges_n upon_o their_o departure_n do_v present_o join_v themseleves_fw-la with_o the_o arverni_n observation_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o such_o as_o be_v acquaint_v with_o matter_n of_o government_n soldier_n that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v always_o a_o proportion_n of_o quality_n between_o he_o that_o command_v and_o they_o that_o obey_v for_o if_o a_o man_n of_o sardanapalus_n condition_n shall_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o charge_n of_o marius_n army_n it_o be_v like_a to_o take_v no_o better_a effect_n then_o if_o manlius_n have_v the_o lead_n of_o lascivious_a cinaedes_fw-la mariani_n and_o as_o we_o may_v observe_v in_o economical_a policy_n a_o dissolute_a master_n may_v as_o soon_o command_v hair_n to_o grow_v on_o the_o palm_n of_o his_o hand_n servant_n as_o to_o make_v a_o virtuous_a servant_n but_o the_o respect_n of_o duty_n between_o such_o relative_n do_v likewise_o infer_v the_o like_a respect_n of_o quality_n so_o in_o all_o sort_n and_o condition_n of_o command_n there_o must_v be_v sympathize_v mean_n to_o unite_v the_o diversity_n of_o the_o part_n in_o the_o happy_a end_n of_o perfect_a government_n in_o this_o new_a empire_n which_o befall_v vercingetorix_n we_o may_v observe_v a_o double_a proportion_n between_o he_o and_o his_o people_n the_o first_o of_o strength_n and_o ability_n and_o the_o other_o of_o quality_n and_o resemblance_n of_o affection_n upon_o the_o assurance_n of_o which_o proportion_n he_o ground_v the_o austerity_n of_o his_o command_n for_o it_o appear_v that_o his_o first_o beginning_n be_v by_o persuasion_n and_o entreaty_n and_o will_v endure_v no_o direction_n but_o that_o which_o be_v guide_v by_o a_o loose_a and_o easy_a rein_n hold_v it_o neither_o safe_a nor_o seemly_a but_o rather_o a_o strain_n of_o extreme_a madness_n first_o to_o punish_v or_o threaten_v and_o then_o to_o want_v power_n to_o make_v good_a his_o judgement_n but_o be_v strengthen_v by_o authority_n from_o themselves_o and_o back_v with_o a_o army_n able_a to_o control_v their_o disobedience_n he_o then_o add_v punishment_n as_o the_o ensign_n of_o magistracy_n and_o confirm_v his_o power_n by_o rigorous_a command_n which_o be_v as_o necessary_a a_o demonstration_n of_o a_o well-settled_n government_n as_o any_o circumstance_n belong_v thereunto_o touch_v the_o resemblance_n and_o proportion_n of_o their_o quality_n it_o be_v manifest_o show_v by_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o history_n that_o every_o man_n desire_v to_o redeem_v the_o common_a liberty_n of_o their_o country_n in_o that_o measure_n of_o endeavour_n as_o be_v fit_v so_o great_a a_o cause_n among_o who_o vercingetorix_n be_v their_o chief_a commander_n summae_fw-la diligentiae_fw-la as_o the_o story_n say_v add_v summam_fw-la severitatem_fw-la liâ—ie_n to_o great_a diligence_n great_a severity_n as_o well_o assure_v that_o the_o great_a part_n will_v approve_v his_o justice_n and_o condemn_v the_o uncertainty_n of_o doubtful_a resolution_n desire_v no_o further_a service_n at_o their_o hand_n then_o that_o wherein_o himself_o will_v be_v the_o foremost_a in_o imitation_n of_o valerius_n corvinus_n factamea_n non_fw-la dicta_fw-la vos_fw-la milites_fw-la sequi_fw-la volo_fw-la nec_fw-la disciplinam_fw-la modo_fw-la sed_fw-la exemplum_fw-la etiam_fw-la à _fw-la i_o petere_fw-la i_o will_v have_v you_o o_o my_o soldier_n do_v as_o i_o do_v and_o not_o so_o much_o mind_n what_o i_o say_v and_o to_o take_v not_o your_o discipline_n only_o but_o your_o pattern_n also_o from_o i_o and_o therefore_o the_o party_n be_v like_a to_o be_v well_o uphold_v forasmuch_o as_o both_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o people_n be_v so_o far_o engage_v in_o the_o matter_n intend_v as_o by_o the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o earnest_a desire_n may_v answer_v the_o measure_n of_o due_a proportion_n chap._n iu._n caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n and_o by_o a_o device_n get_v to_o his_o army_n these_o thing_n be_v tell_v caesar_n in_o italy_n caesar_n assoon_o as_o he_o understand_v that_o the_o matter_n in_o the_o city_n be_v by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o pompey_n bring_v into_o better_a state_n he_o take_v his_o journey_n into_o gallia_n and_o be_v come_v thither_o he_o be_v much_o trouble_v how_o to_o get_v to_o his_o army_n for_o if_o he_o shall_v send_v for_o the_o legion_n into_o the_o province_n he_o understand_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v certain_o fight_v withal_o by_o the_o way_n in_o his_o absence_n if_o he_o himself_o shall_v go_v unto_o they_o he_o doubt_v how_o he_o may_v safe_o commit_v his_o person_n to_o any_o although_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v yet_o in_o peace_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n lucterius_n of_o cahors_n be_v send_v against_o the_o rutheni_n do_v easy_o unite_v that_o state_n to_o the_o arverni_n and_o proceed_v further_o against_o the_o nitiobrige_n and_o the_o gabali_n he_o receive_v hostage_n of_o both_o of_o they_o and_o have_v raise_v a_o great_a power_n he_o labour_v to_o break_v into_o the_o province_n and_o to_o make_v towards_o narbo_n which_o be_v know_v caesar_n resolve_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o put_v he_o by_o that_o purpose_n and_o go_v himself_o to_o narbo_n at_o his_o come_n he_o encourage_v such_o as_o stand_v doubtful_a or_o timorous_a and_o place_v garrison_n among_o the_o rutheni_n the_o volsci_n and_o about_o narbo_n which_o be_v frontier_n place_n and_o near_o unto_o the_o enemy_n and_o command_v part_n of_o the_o force_n which_o be_v in_o the_o province_n together_o with_o those_o supply_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o italy_n to_o go_v against_o the_o helvii_n which_o be_v adjoin_v upon_o the_o arverni_n thing_n be_v thus_o order_v lucterius_n be_v now_o suppress_v and_o remove_v hold_v it_o to_o be_v dangerous_a to_o enter_v among_o the_o garrison_n he_o himself_o go_v towards_o the_o helvii_n and_o albeit_o the_o hill_n gebenna_n which_o divide_v the_o arverni_n from_o the_o helvii_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o hard_a time_n of_o winter_n and_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o snow_n do_v hinder_v their_o passage_n yet_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o soldier_n make_v way_n through_o snow_n of_o six_o foot_n deep_a they_o come_v into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o arverni_n who_o be_v sudden_o and_o unaware_o suppress_v little_o mistrust_v a_o invasion_n over_o the_o hill_n gebenna_n which_o enclose_v they_o in_o as_o a_o wall_n and_o at_o that_o time_n of_o the_o year_n do_v not_o afford_v a_o path_n to_o a_o single_a man_n alone_o he_o command_v the_o horseman_n to_o scatter_v themselves_o far_o and_o near_o to_o make_v the_o enemy_n the_o more_o afraid_a these_o thing_n be_v speedy_o carry_v to_o vercingetorix_n all_o the_o arverni_n full_a of_o fear_n and_o amazement_n flock_v about_o he_o beseech_v he_o to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o their_o state_n and_o not_o to_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v sack_v by_o the_o enemy_n especial_o now_o at_o this_o time_n when_o as_o all_o the_o war_n be_v transfer_v upon_o they_o upon_o their_o instant_a entreaty_n he_o remove_v his_o camp_n out_o of_o the_o territory_n
enemy_n this_o speech_n be_v not_o unpleasing_a to_o the_o gall_n and_o the_o rather_o that_o he_o himself_o be_v not_o deject_v in_o spirit_n upon_o so_o great_a a_o loss_n nor_o do_v hide_v himself_o or_o fly_v the_o presence_n of_o the_o multitude_n be_v the_o more_o esteem_v forasmuch_o as_o when_o the_o matter_n be_v in_o question_n he_o first_o think_v it_o fit_a that_o avaricum_n shall_v be_v burn_v and_o afterward_o he_o persuade_v they_o to_o forsake_v it_o wherein_o as_o misfortune_n and_o adversity_n do_v impair_v the_o authority_n of_o other_o commander_n so_o contrariwise_o his_o honour_n daily_o increase_v by_o the_o loss_n which_o he_o receive_v and_o withal_o they_o be_v in_o great_a hope_n upon_o his_o affirmation_n to_o win_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o state_n unto_o they_o and_o that_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o the_o gall_n begin_v to_o fortify_v their_o camp_n be_v so_o appall_v in_o spirit_n that_o where_o they_o ever_o be_v unaccustomed_a to_o labour_v yet_o they_o think_v it_o their_o part_n to_o suffer_v and_o undergo_v all_o that_o be_v command_v they_o the_o first_o observation_n next_o to_o the_o knowledge_n and_o experience_n of_o war_n courage_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o requisite_a in_o a_o great_a commander_n than_o greatness_n of_o spirit_n for_o where_o his_o employment_n consist_v in_o manage_v the_o great_a business_n of_o the_o world_n such_o as_o be_v the_o slaughter_n of_o many_o thousand_o in_o a_o hour_n the_o sack_n of_o city_n the_o fight_v of_o battle_n the_o alteration_n of_o commonweal_n victory_n triumph_n and_o the_o conquest_n of_o kingdom_n which_o like_o the_o constellation_n in_o the_o eight_o sphere_n be_v leave_v to_o succeed_a age_n in_o such_o character_n as_o can_v be_v deface_v and_o make_v a_o impression_n of_o the_o great_a measure_n of_o joy_n or_o the_o great_a heap_n of_o sorrow_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o his_o courage_n be_v answerable_a to_o such_o a_o fortune_n neither_o to_o be_v crush_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o adversity_n nor_o puff_v up_o with_o the_o pride_n of_o victory_n but_o in_o all_o time_n to_o show_v the_o same_o constancy_n of_o mind_n and_o to_o temper_v extremity_n with_o a_o settle_a resolution_n of_o this_o metal_n and_o temper_n quadratus_fw-la be_v the_o philosopher_n homo_fw-la quadratus_fw-la make_v of_o such_o as_o camillus_n be_v in_o rome_n for_o never_o speech_n do_v better_o beseem_v a_o great_a personage_n then_o that_o of_o he_o have_v know_v both_o the_o favour_n and_o the_o disgrace_n of_o fortune_n nec_fw-la mihi_fw-la dictatura_fw-la animos_fw-la fecit_fw-la necexilium_fw-la ademit_fw-la neither_o do_v my_o dictatorship_n puff_v i_o up_o nor_o my_o banishment_n sink_v my_o spirit_n say_v he_o whereas_o weak_a spirit_n do_v either_o vanish_v away_o in_o the_o smoke_n of_o folly_n be_v drink_v with_o the_o joy_n of_o please_a fortune_n or_o otherwise_o upon_o a_o change_n of_o good_a time_n do_v become_v more_o base_a and_o abject_a than_o the_o thief_n that_o be_v take_v in_o the_o fact_n such_o as_o perseus_n the_o last_o macedonian_a king_n be_v aemilia_n who_o beside_o his_o ill_a fortune_n for_o lose_v his_o kingdom_n in_o the_o space_n of_o one_o hour_n have_v ever_o since_o stand_v attaint_v of_o a_o base_a and_o abject_a mind_n unworthy_a the_o throne_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a the_o wise_a roman_n use_v all_o mean_n to_o give_v courage_n and_o spirit_n to_o their_o leader_n and_o to_o free_v their_o mind_n from_o such_o external_a respect_n which_o loss_n or_o dishonour_n may_v cast_v upon_o they_o and_o therefore_o when_o varro_n have_v fight_v so_o rash_o at_o cannae_n that_o he_o have_v like_a to_o have_v lose_v the_o roman_a empire_n to_o annibal_n plutarch_n upon_o his_o return_n to_o rome_n the_o whole_a senate_n go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o and_o although_o they_o can_v not_o thank_v he_o for_o the_o battle_n yet_o they_o give_v he_o thanks_o that_o he_o be_v return_v home_o again_o whereby_o he_o seem_v not_o to_o despair_v of_o the_o state_n of_o rome_n in_o like_a manner_n do_v the_o gall_n congratulate_v vercingetorix_n that_o notwithstanding_o so_o great_a a_o loss_n he_o be_v neither_o deject_v in_o spirit_n nor_o do_v hide_v himself_o from_o the_o multitude_n but_o as_o a_o commander_n of_o high_a resolution_n have_v find_v out_o mean_n to_o heal_v those_o harm_n and_o to_o recompense_v the_o loss_n of_o aâ—arâ—cum_n with_o the_o unite_n of_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n into_o one_o confederacy_n the_o second_o observation_n second_o we_o may_v observe_v how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o a_o counsel_n touch_v any_o important_a or_o grave_a deliberation_n state_n or_o to_o lay_v down_o any_o project_n for_o the_o service_n of_o a_o state_n for_o all_o man_n be_v blind_a in_o this_o point_n that_o they_o judge_v of_o good_a or_o ill_a counsel_n by_o the_o success_n and_o look_v no_o further_o than_o the_o end_n which_o it_o take_v which_o prove_v disastrous_a or_o unfortunate_a do_v either_o bring_v the_o author_n to_o destruction_n or_o into_o danger_n both_o of_o life_n and_o state_n in_o the_o occurrence_n of_o this_o kingdom_n it_o appear_v that_o henry_n the_o five_o be_v solicit_v by_o the_o commons_o touch_v the_o abbey_n in_o england_n and_o move_v by_o petition_n exhibit_v in_o parliament_n to_o that_o which_o be_v afterward_o accomplish_v by_o henry_n the_o eight_o be_v divert_v from_o those_o thought_n by_o a_o eloquent_a oration_n make_v in_o parliament_n by_o henry_n chicheley_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n holinshead_n a_o grave_n and_o learned_a prelate_n persuade_v the_o king_n by_o many_o conclude_a reason_n to_o carry_v a_o great_a power_n into_o france_n and_o there_o to_o make_v his_o claim_n for_o that_o kingdom_n according_a to_o the_o right_n derive_v unto_o he_o from_o his_o noble_a progenitor_n whereupon_o the_o king_n be_v persuade_v to_o undertake_v that_o war_n which_o alâ—_n 〈◊〉_d fall_v out_o most_o happy_o yet_o the_o bishop_n to_o satisfy_v both_o the_o king_n and_o the_o people_n for_o his_o former_a counsel_n whereby_o many_o man_n be_v lose_v build_v a_o college_n in_o oxford_n dedicate_v to_o all_o soul_n wherein_o 〈◊〉_d place_v courty_a scholar_n to_o make_v supplication_n for_o all_o soul_n and_o special_o for_o such_o as_o have_v be_v mischieve_v in_o france_n in_o the_o time_n of_o that_o war_n vercingetorix_n be_v happy_a in_o this_o point_n for_o he_o persuade_v the_o gall_n not_o to_o keep_v avaricum_n but_o to_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v burn_v as_o a_o enemy_n to_o their_o safety_n and_o thereupon_o he_o do_v not_o let_v to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o his_o opinion_n as_o free_a from_o the_o danger_n which_o happen_v to_o a_o great_a man_n near_o unto_o perseus_n who_o i_o last_o speak_v of_o who_o after_o his_o overthrow_n by_o paulus_n aemilius_n be_v tell_v by_o that_o party_n of_o many_o error_n which_o he_o have_v commit_v in_o the_o carriage_n of_o that_o war_n conciliant_fw-la turn_v himself_o sudden_o say_v traitor_n have_v thou_o reserve_v thy_o counsel_n until_o now_o when_o there_o be_v no_o remedy_n and_o therewithal_o as_o some_o report_n slay_v he_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o this_o be_v it_o that_o give_v vercingetorix_n that_o happiness_n ut_fw-la reliquorum_fw-la imperatorum_fw-la res_fw-la adversae_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la minuunt_fw-la sic_fw-la huius_fw-la ex_fw-la contrario_fw-la dâ—gnitas_fw-la incommodo_fw-la accepto_fw-la indy_n augebatur_fw-la civ_o as_o misfortune_n and_o adversity_n etc._n etc._n as_o before_o chap._n xv._n vercingetorix_n labour_v to_o unite_v all_o gallia_n into_o one_o league_n for_o the_o uphold_v of_o their_o war_n neither_o do_v vercingetorix_n omit_v any_o endeavour_n for_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o his_o promise_n caesar_n to_o draw_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o state_n unto_o he_o and_o to_o that_o purpose_n he_o deal_v with_o their_o chief_a man_n both_o by_o reward_n and_o promise_n and_o choose_v out_o fit_a man_n that_o either_o by_o subtle_a speech_n or_o friendship_n or_o some_o other_o mean_n may_v win_v they_o unto_o he_o he_o take_v order_n that_o such_o as_o have_v escape_v from_o avaricum_n shall_v be_v both_o clothe_v and_o arm_v and_o withal_o that_o he_o may_v reinforce_v his_o troop_n which_o be_v weaken_v he_o command_v every_o state_n to_o furnish_v out_o certain_a supply_n and_o to_o be_v bring_v by_o a_o day_n to_o the_o camp_n he_o command_v likewise_o all_o the_o archer_n of_o who_o there_o be_v great_a store_n in_o gallia_n to_o be_v seek_v out_o and_o send_v unto_o he_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o speedy_o repair_v his_o loss_n at_o avaricum_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n teutomatus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o ollovico_n king_n of_o the_o nitiobrige_n who_o father_n have_v the_o title_n of_o a_o friend_n from_o our_o senate_n come_v to_o he_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o horseman_n which_o he_o
reparation_n of_o honour_n be_v a_o chief_a point_n in_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o army_n be_v for_o he_o that_o leave_v a_o enemy_n upon_o a_o loss_n receive_v when_o his_o soldier_n be_v either_o awe_v or_o well_o beat_v must_v look_v to_o find_v the_o same_o spirit_n and_o courage_n in_o they_o when_o they_o shall_v come_v again_o to_o confront_v the_o enemy_n as_o they_o have_v when_o they_o last_o leave_v he_o with_o a_o disadvantage_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o unskilful_a continuance_n of_o his_o own_o loss_n and_o a_o preparation_n to_o a_o second_o overthrow_n in_o the_o war_n the_o roman_n have_v with_o annibal_n in_o all_o the_o fight_v they_o make_v marcellus_n they_o continue_v their_o first_o loss_n unto_o the_o battle_n at_o nola_n at_o what_o time_n by_o marcellus_n good_a direction_n they_o give_v he_o a_o overthrow_n which_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o ever_o annibal_n soldier_n begin_v to_o give_v place_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o repair_v the_o roman_n valour_n again_o after_o so_o many_o battle_n as_o they_o lose_v for_o than_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o they_o fight_v not_o with_o a_o enemy_n altogether_o invincible_a but_o that_o he_o be_v subject_a to_o loss_n and_o overthrow_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o this_o so_o happy_a a_o fortune_n restore_v the_o roman_a soldier_n to_o their_o ancient_a valour_n and_o good_a fortune_n it_o be_v that_o liviâ—_n say_v ingens_fw-la eo_fw-la die_fw-la res_fw-la ac_fw-la nescio_fw-la a_o maxima_fw-la illâ—_n bello_fw-la guess_v a_o sit_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o service_n be_v perform_v that_o day_n putabat_fw-la &_o i_o think_v i_o may_v say_v the_o great_a that_o be_v do_v in_o that_o war_n caesar_n do_v well_o understand_v this_o philosophy_n and_o therefore_o he_o labour_v to_o repair_v the_o breach_n which_o the_o enemy_n have_v make_v in_o the_o valour_n of_o his_o soldier_n by_o light_n and_o small_a skirmish_n before_o he_o will_v adventure_v to_o hazard_v the_o main_a drife_z of_o the_o business_n in_o any_o set_a conflict_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o he_o have_v a_o purpose_n to_o leave_v the_o enemy_n for_o a_o time_n whereby_o he_o seem_v to_o end_v the_o former_a service_n wherein_o he_o have_v a_o special_a care_n not_o to_o depart_v with_o the_o last_o blow_n have_v always_o before_o that_o time_n have_v the_o better_a for_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o end_n do_v challenge_n much_o of_o the_o former_a proceed_n and_o do_v draw_v the_o opinion_n of_o man_n to_o deem_v of_o all_o as_o the_o conclusion_n import_v according_a as_o claudius_n nero_n tell_v his_o soldier_n semper_fw-la quod_fw-la postremo_fw-la adjectum_fw-la sit_fw-la id_fw-la rem_fw-la totam_fw-la videri_fw-la traxisse_fw-la as_o the_o end_n of_o the_o service_n be_v so_o the_o whole_a seem_v to_o have_v be_v chap._n xxv_o the_o hedui_n revolt_n caesar_n pass_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n loire_n the_o three_o day_n he_o repair_v the_o bridge_n at_o the_o river_n elevar_n caesar_n and_o carry_v over_o his_o army_n there_o he_o understand_v by_o viridomarus_n and_o eporedorix_n that_o litavicus_n be_v go_v with_o all_o the_o enemy_n horse_n to_o solicit_v the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o caesar_n shall_v send_v they_o before_o to_o confirm_v the_o state_n and_o keep_v they_o in_o loyalty_n and_o although_o caesar_n do_v mistrust_v the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n for_o many_o cause_n and_o do_v think_v that_o the_o departure_n of_o these_o two_o noble_n will_v hasten_v their_o revolt_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o detain_v they_o lest_o he_o shall_v either_o seem_v to_o do_v they_o wrong_n or_o to_o give_v any_o suspicion_n of_o distrust_n at_o their_o departure_n he_o propound_v unto_o they_o brief_o how_o well_o he_o have_v deserve_v of_o their_o state_n how_o low_a and_o weak_a they_o be_v when_o he_o receive_v they_o confine_v within_o their_o town_n their_o land_n extend_v all_o their_o associate_n take_v from_o they_o a_o tribute_n lay_v upon_o they_o pledge_v extort_a from_o they_o with_o great_a contumely_n and_o into_o what_o fortune_n and_o greatness_n he_o have_v bring_v they_o again_o that_o not_o only_o they_o have_v recover_v their_o former_a state_n but_o do_v exceed_v the_o dignity_n and_o favour_n of_o all_o former_a time_n and_o with_o these_o mandate_n he_o let_v they_o go_v noviodunum_n be_v a_o town_n of_o the_o hedui_n situate_v in_o a_o convenient_a place_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n loire_n thither_o have_v caesar_n send_v all_o the_o hostage_n of_o gallia_n the_o corn_n the_o public_a treasure_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o army_n and_o thither_o he_o have_v likewise_o send_v great_a store_n of_o horse_n which_o he_o have_v buy_v in_o spain_n and_o italy_n for_o the_o service_n of_o this_o war_n eporedorix_n and_o viridomarus_n come_v thither_o and_o understanding_n touch_v the_o affair_n of_o their_o state_n that_o liâ—avicus_n be_v receive_v into_o bibract_n by_o the_o hedui_n which_o be_v the_o metropolitan_a city_n of_o their_o state_n and_o that_o convictolitanis_n their_o chief_a magistrate_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o senate_n be_v come_v unto_o he_o and_o that_o public_a messenger_n be_v send_v to_o vercingetorix_n touch_v a_o league_n of_o peace_n and_o amity_n they_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o omit_v so_o great_a a_o opportunity_n and_o thereupon_o have_v slay_v the_o guard_n at_o noviodunum_n with_o such_o other_o as_o be_v there_o either_o by_o way_n of_o trade_n or_o travel_n they_o divide_v the_o money_n and_o the_o horse_n between_o they_o and_o take_v order_n that_o the_o hostage_n of_o the_o other_o state_n shall_v safe_o be_v convey_v to_o bibract_v for_o the_o town_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o think_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v it_o lest_o the_o roman_n may_v make_v any_o use_n of_o it_o they_o burn_v it_o such_o corn_n as_o they_o can_v carry_v on_o the_o sudden_a they_o convey_v away_o in_o boat_n the_o rest_n they_o either_o burnedor_n cast_v it_o into_o the_o river_n they_o begin_v to_o raise_v force_n in_o the_o country_n next_o adjoin_v to_o dispose_v of_o watch_n and_o garrison_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n loire_n to_o show_v their_o cavalry_n in_o all_o place_n to_o strike_v fear_n into_o the_o roman_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v exclude_v they_o from_o provision_n of_o corn_n or_o drive_v they_o through_o necessity_n of_o want_n to_o forsake_v the_o province_n whereof_o they_o be_v the_o rather_o assure_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o loire_n be_v much_o swell_v by_o a_o fall_n of_o snow_n whereby_o it_o be_v unpassable_a at_o any_o foard_v these_o thing_n be_v know_v caesar_n think_v it_o necessary_a for_o he_o to_o make_v haste_n especial_o if_o he_o must_v make_v up_o the_o bridge_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v give_v they_o battle_n before_o they_o have_v gather_v a_o great_a head_n for_o touch_v his_o pupose_v for_o return_v into_o the_o province_n he_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a by_o any_o mean_n both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o shame_n and_o in_o famy_n thereof_o as_o also_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o opposition_n of_o the_o hill_n gebenna_n and_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o passage_n do_v hinder_v he_o but_o especial_o for_o that_o he_o do_v exceed_o desire_v to_o join_v himself_o with_o labienus_n and_o the_o legion_n that_o be_v with_o he_o and_o therefore_o make_v great_a journey_n both_o by_o day_n and_o night_n beyond_o all_o man_n expectation_n he_o come_v to_o the_o river_n loire_n where_o the_o horseman_n have_v sound_n a_o convenient_a foard_v for_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o time_n that_o the_o soldier_n may_v pass_v over_o with_o their_o arm_n and_o shoulder_n above_o the_o water_n to_o hold_v up_o their_o weapon_n dispose_v the_o horse_n in_o the_o river_n to_o break_v the_o force_n of_o the_o stream_n and_o the_o enemy_n be_v affright_v upon_o their_o first_o show_n he_o carry_v over_o his_o army_n in_o safety_n and_o have_v satisfy_v his_o soldier_n with_o corn_n which_o he_o find_v in_o the_o field_n and_o good_a store_n of_o cattle_n he_o determine_v to_o march_v towards_o the_o senones_n observation_n the_o great_a difficulty_n that_o ever_o caesar_n find_v in_o the_o course_n of_o these_o war_n gallia_n be_v at_o this_o instant_n upon_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n for_o whereas_o that_o state_n after_o caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n be_v ever_o repute_v the_o favourite_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n have_v receive_v such_o special_a privilege_n and_o prerogative_n above_o the_o rest_n as_o may_v tie_v they_o with_o a_o inviolable_a bond_n of_o amity_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v that_o they_o shall_v forsake_v so_o great_a a_o stay_n or_o favour_v any_o thing_n that_o may_v
another_o place_n 3._o speak_v of_o scipio_n the_o day_n follow_v say_v he_o to_o put_v king_n massinissa_n out_o of_o his_o grief_n and_o melancholy_n he_o ascend_v up_o to_o his_o tribunal_n and_o have_v call_v a_o assembly_n of_o the_o soldier_n present_v he_o before_o they_o where_o he_o first_o honour_v he_o with_o the_o appellation_n of_o king_n accompany_v with_o many_o fair_a praise_n and_o then_o give_v he_o a_o crown_n of_o gold_n a_o cup_n of_o gold_n a_o chair_n of_o state_n gal._n a_o sceptre_n of_o ivory_n and_o a_o long_a robe_n of_o purple_a to_o which_o agree_v that_o of_o caesar_n that_o ariovistus_n be_v by_o the_o senate_n style_v by_o the_o name_n of_o king_n and_o friend_n and_o present_v with_o great_a and_o rich_a gift_n which_o happen_v but_o to_o few_o and_o be_v only_o give_v by_o the_o roman_n to_o man_n of_o great_a desert_n howbeit_o such_o as_o have_v government_n and_o employment_n abroad_o do_v oftentimes_o make_v profit_n of_o give_v this_o honour_n amicus_fw-la whereof_o caesar_n tax_v lentulus_n in_o the_o former_a chapter_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n be_v king_n juba_n bring_v in_o question_n to_o be_v call_v by_o the_o senate_n a_o friend_n and_o associate_n to_o the_o state_n of_o rome_n the_o three_o observation_n touch_v the_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o town_n of_o italy_n and_o other_o in_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n call_v municipia_fw-la it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v 11._o that_o according_a to_o gellius_n those_o be_v call_v municipes_fw-la that_o be_v govern_v by_o their_o own_o law_n and_o their_o own_o magistrate_n be_v nevertheless_o endow_v with_o the_o freedom_n of_o rome_n and_o therefore_o adrianus_n marvel_v that_o the_o italicenses_n and_o uticenses_n do_v rather_o desire_v to_o be_v coloni_fw-la and_o so_o tie_v to_o the_o obedience_n of_o foreign_a and_o strange_a law_n then_o to_o live_v in_o a_o municipal_a state_n under_o their_o own_o right_n and_o custom_n 11._o and_o as_o festus_n add_v with_o the_o use_n of_o their_o peculiar_a rite_n for_o matter_n of_o religion_n such_o as_o they_o ancient_o use_v before_o they_o be_v privilege_v with_o the_o immunity_n of_o rome_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v degree_n and_o difference_n of_o municipal_a town_n 〈…〉_z for_o some_o have_v voice_n with_o the_o roman_a people_n in_o all_o their_o election_n and_o susâ—rages_n and_o some_o other_o have_v none_o at_o all_o for_o gellius_n in_o the_o same_o place_n say_v that_o the_o cerite_v obtain_v the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n for_o preserve_v the_o holy_a thing_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o war_n with_o the_o gall_n 6._o but_o without_o voice_n in_o election_n and_o thence_o grow_v the_o name_n of_o cerites_n tabulae_fw-la wherein_o the_o censor_n enrol_v such_o as_o be_v by_o they_o for_o some_o just_a cause_n deprive_v of_o their_o voice_n and_o the_o tusculani_n be_v at_o first_o receive_v into_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n according_a to_o the_o admission_n of_o the_o cerite_n be_v afterward_o by_o the_o free_a grace_n of_o the_o people_n make_v capable_a of_o give_v voice_n the_o mean_n of_o obtain_v this_o freedom_n be_v first_o and_o special_o by_o birth_n 3._o wherein_o it_o be_v require_v as_o may_v be_v gather_v by_o appius_n oration_n that_o both_o the_o parent_n as_o well_o the_o mother_n as_o the_o father_n shall_v be_v free_a themselves_o howbeit_o ulpian_n write_v that_o the_o son_n may_v challenge_v the_o freedom_n of_o the_o state_n wherein_o his_o father_n live_v and_o be_v free_a so_o that_o the_o father_n be_v of_o campania_n and_o the_o mother_n of_o puteolis_n he_o judge_v the_o son_n to_o belong_v to_o campania_n according_a to_o that_o of_o canuleius_n 3._o that_o the_o child_n inherit_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o father_n as_o the_o head_n of_o the_o family_n and_o the_o better_a rule_n to_o direct_v in_o this_o behalf_n nevertheless_o adrianus_n make_v a_o act_n of_o senate_n in_o favour_n of_o issue_n that_o if_o the_o wife_n be_v a_o citizen_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o husband_n a_o latin_a the_o child_n shall_v be_v roman_a citizen_n and_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n cause_v it_o likewise_o to_o be_v decree_v that_o the_o mother_n be_v a_o freewoman_n and_o the_o father_n a_o bondman_n the_o son_n shall_v be_v free_a such_o as_o be_v thus_o bear_v free_a be_v call_v cives_fw-la originarii_fw-la originarii_fw-la the_o second_o mean_n of_o obtain_v this_o freedom_n be_v by_o manumission_n or_o set_v bondman_n at_o liberty_n for_o in_o rome_n all_o man_n free_v from_o bondage_n be_v take_v for_o citizen_n and_o yet_o rank_v in_o the_o last_o and_o mean_a order_n of_o the_o people_n the_o three_o mean_n be_v by_o gift_n or_o cooptation_n and_o so_o romulus_n at_o first_o enlarge_v and_o augment_v rome_n theseus_n athens_n alexander_n magnus_n polyder_n alexandria_n site_v at_o the_o outlet_n of_o nilus_n and_o richard_n the_o first_o virg._n london_n by_o take_v all_o such_o stranger_n into_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n as_o have_v inhabit_v there_o for_o ten_o year_n together_o the_o emperor_n be_v profuse_a in_o give_v this_o honour_n cicero_n slout_v caesar_n for_o take_v whole_a nation_n into_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n philip._n and_o antony_n give_v it_o to_o all_o that_o live_v in_o the_o roman_a empire_n whereupon_o as_o ulpian_n witness_v rome_n be_v call_v communis_fw-la patria_fw-la popular_a state_n be_v more_o spare_v in_o this_o kind_n as_o may_v be_v deem_v by_o the_o answer_n of_o one_o of_o the_o corinthian_a ambassador_n to_o alexander_n 13._o we_o never_o give_v the_o freedom_n of_o our_o city_n say_v he_o to_o any_o man_n but_o to_o thyself_o and_o hercules_n 9_o and_o until_o herodotus_n time_n the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v never_o admit_v any_o but_o only_o tisamenus_n and_o his_o brother_n the_o privilege_n of_o this_o freedom_n be_v great_a est_fw-la for_o the_o citizen_n of_o rome_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v majestate_fw-la plenos_fw-la be_v the_o best_a man_n of_o gallia_n say_v tully_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o mean_a citizen_n of_o rome_n and_o hence_o come_v that_o law_n require_v that_o the_o life_n of_o a_o citizen_n shall_v not_o be_v bring_v in_o question_n but_o by_o the_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o people_n legib_n venre_n have_v condemn_v one_o cossanus_n a_o roman_a citizen_n in_o sicilia_n tully_n urge_v it_o as_o a_o matter_n unsufferable_a facinus_fw-la est_fw-la inquit_fw-la vinciri_fw-la civem_fw-la romanum_fw-la scelus_fw-la verberari_fw-la prope_fw-la parricidâ—um_fw-la necari_fw-la quid_fw-la dicam_fw-la in_o crucem_fw-la agi_fw-la it_o be_v a_o great_a crime_n to_o bind_v a_o roman_a citizen_n a_o heinous_a wickedness_n to_o beat_v he_o little_o less_o than_o parricide_n to_o kill_v he_o what_o then_o shall_v i_o call_v the_o hang_n of_o he_o with_o many_o the_o like_a example_n beside_o the_o possibility_n they_o be_v in_o if_o their_o sufficiency_n be_v answerable_a according_o to_o become_v great_a in_o the_o state_n and_o consequent_o commander_n of_o the_o empire_n chap._n iu._n caesar_n taste_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o soldier_n caesar_n understanding_n of_o these_o thing_n etc._n call_v the_o soldier_n together_o and_o acquaint_v they_o with_o all_o the_o injury_n which_o his_o enemy_n from_o time_n to_o time_n have_v do_v unto_o he_o complain_v that_o pompey_n be_v by_o their_o practice_n and_o mean_n alienate_v from_o he_o and_o draw_v through_o envy_n of_o his_o good_a fortune_n to_o partialize_v against_o he_o notwithstanding_o that_o he_o have_v always_o affect_v his_o honour_n 1._o and_o endeavour_v the_o advancement_n of_o his_o renown_n and_o dignity_n lament_v likewise_o the_o precedent_n which_o this_o time_n have_v bring_v into_o the_o state_n that_o the_o tribune_n authority_n shall_v be_v oppose_v and_o suppress_v by_o arm_n which_o former_a age_n have_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n reestablish_v for_o sylla_n have_v strip_v the_o tribuneship_n naked_a of_o all_o right_n and_o prerogative_n yet_o leave_v it_o the_o freedom_n of_o opposition_n but_o pompey_n who_o will_v seem_v to_o restore_v it_o to_o the_o dignity_n from_o which_o it_o be_v fall_v do_v take_v away_o that_o power_n which_o be_v only_o leave_v unto_o it_o the_o senate_n never_o resolve_v of_o that_o act_n that_o the_o magistrate_n shall_v take_v a_o course_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o commonweal_n whereby_o the_o people_n be_v necessary_o summon_v to_o arm_n but_o in_o time_n of_o pernicious_a law_n chief_a upon_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o tribune_n or_o the_o mutiny_n and_o secession_n of_o the_o people_n when_o the_o temple_n and_o high_a place_n of_o the_o city_n be_v take_v and_o hold_v against_o the_o state_n which_o disloyalty_n of_o former_a age_n be_v expiate_v and_o purge_v by_o the_o fortune_n and_o disaster_n of_o
saturmnus_n and_o the_o gracchi_n but_o at_o this_o present_a there_o be_v no_o such_o matter_n attempt_v so_o much_o as_o in_o thought_n no_o law_n publish_v no_o practice_n with_o the_o people_n no_o tumult_n no_o departure_n out_o of_o the_o city_n and_o therefore_o he_o adhort_v they_o that_o forasmuch_o as_o under_o his_o lead_n and_o command_n for_o nine_o year_n together_o they_o have_v most_o happy_o carry_v the_o government_n fight_v many_o prosperous_a and_o victorious_a battle_n settle_v all_o gallia_n and_o germany_n in_o peace_n they_o will_v now_o in_o the_o end_n take_v his_o honour_n into_o their_o protection_n legion_n and_o defend_v it_o against_o the_o malice_n of_o his_o adversary_n the_o soldier_n of_o the_o thirteen_o legion_n which_o be_v present_a for_o they_o only_o have_v he_o call_v out_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o trouble_n and_o the_o other_o legion_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o come_v cry_v out_o instant_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o undertake_v his_o defence_n against_o such_o wrong_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n from_o injury_n the_o first_o observation_n as_o publick-weal_n and_o society_n be_v chief_o support_v and_o maintain_v by_o justice_n ossicio_fw-la so_o likewise_o such_o as_o live_v in_o the_o civil_a community_n of_o the_o same_o and_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o well-qualified_a government_n do_v take_v themselves_o interest_v in_o the_o maintenance_n of_o justice_n and_o can_v endure_v the_o tyranny_n of_o wrong_n injuriam_fw-la unless_o happy_o as_o every_o man_n be_v partial_a in_o his_o own_o cause_n they_o be_v the_o author_n thereof_o themselves_o the_o first_o duty_n of_o justice_n 1._o which_o be_v ne_o cui_fw-la quis_fw-la noceat_fw-la that_o no_o man_n hurt_v another_o do_v caesar_n make_v the_o theme_n of_o his_o oration_n to_o his_o soldier_n noâ—eat_fw-la aggravate_v his_o particular_a injury_n by_o open_v and_o enforce_v the_o malice_n of_o his_o adversary_n and_o make_v the_o state_n a_o party_n in_o his_o suffering_n officiis_fw-la through_o the_o oppression_n and_o deface_v of_o the_o tribuneship_n which_o in_o time_n of_o liberty_n and_o just_a proceed_n be_v sacred_a and_o inviolable_a these_o remonstrance_n be_v apprehend_v by_o the_o soldier_n as_o matter_n special_o concern_v their_o duty_n offi_n hold_v themselves_o either_o bind_v to_o redress_v they_o or_o other_o wise_a to_o be_v guilty_a of_o betray_v their_o parent_n country_n companion_n and_o friend_n some_o report_n that_o one_o â—â—elius_fw-la a_o primipile_n of_o caesar_n army_n make_v answer_n to_o this_o speech_n give_v assurance_n of_o the_o soldier_n good_a affection_n which_o the_o rest_n approve_v with_o a_o general_a acclamation_n howbeit_o the_o argument_n lie_v couch_v in_o a_o sophism_n pretend_v caesar_n right_a but_o conclude_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o state_n the_o second_o observation_n second_o reddidit_fw-la we_o may_v observe_v that_o as_o discord_n and_o dissension_n â—ending_v asunder_o the_o bond_n of_o civil_a community_n be_v the_o bane_n of_o slourish_v and_o opulent_a city_n and_o make_v the_o great_a empire_n example_n of_o mortality_n so_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n of_o discourse_n it_o be_v also_o true_a that_o the_o mutual_a respect_n of_o well-qualified_a friendship_n 2._o be_v as_o expedient_a both_o for_o the_o fasten_n of_o the_o joint_n of_o a_o public_a state_n jugurth_n and_o for_o keep_v the_o particular_a part_n in_o due_a temper_n and_o proportion_n as_o either_o treasure_n or_o army_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n require_v thereunto_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o amicitia_fw-la cicero_n say_v that_o we_o have_v as_o much_o use_n of_o friendship_n as_o of_o fire_n and_o water_n and_o that_o he_o that_o shall_v go_v about_o to_o take_v it_o from_o among_o man_n do_v endeavour_v as_o it_o be_v to_o take_v the_o sun_n out_o of_o the_o heaven_n which_o by_o heat_n light_n and_o influence_n give_v life_n unto_o the_o world_n indiget_fw-la and_o as_o man_n be_v eminent_a in_o place_n and_o authority_n and_o have_v use_v of_o many_o wheel_n for_o the_o motion_n of_o their_o several_a occasion_n so_o have_v they_o the_o more_o need_n of_o amity_n and_o correspondency_n to_o second_v the_o multiplicity_n of_o their_o desire_n and_o to_o put_v on_o their_o business_n to_o their_o wish_a end_n 8._o chap._n v._n caesar_n take_v ariminum_n receive_v and_o answer_v message_n from_o pompey_n caesar_n have_v sound_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o soldier_n go_v direct_o with_o that_o legion_n to_o ariminum_n rimini_n &_o there_o meet_v with_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n that_o be_v flee_v unto_o he_o send_v for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o legion_n from_o their_o winter_v camp_n and_o give_v order_n they_o shall_v follow_v he_o thither_o come_v young_a l._n caesar_n caesar_n who_o father_n be_v a_o legate_n in_o caesar_n camp_n and_o after_o some_o speech_n of_o the_o occasion_n of_o his_o come_n acquaint_v caesar_n that_o pompey_n have_v give_v he_o a_o message_n in_o charge_n to_o be_v deliver_v unto_o he_o which_o be_v that_o he_o desire_v to_o clear_v himself_o to_o caesar_n lest_o he_o may_v peradventure_o take_v those_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v in_o scorn_n of_o he_o which_o be_v command_v only_o for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o state_n the_o good_a whereof_o he_o always_o prefer_v before_o any_o private_a respect_n and_o that_o caesar_n likewise_o be_v tie_v in_o honour_n to_o lay_v aside_o his_o indignation_n and_o affection_n for_o the_o commonwealth_n sake_n and_o not_o to_o be_v so_o transport_v with_o anger_n and_o disdain_n of_o his_o adversary_n as_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v lest_o in_o hope_v to_o be_v avenge_v of_o they_o he_o shall_v hurt_v the_o public_a weal_n of_o his_o country_n he_o add_v somewhat_o more_o of_o the_o same_o subject_n together_o with_o excuse_n on_o pompey_n behalf_n almost_o the_o selfsame_a discourse_n and_o of_o the_o selfsame_a thing_n roscius_n the_o praetor_n deal_v with_o caesar_n and_o say_v that_o he_o have_v receive_v they_o in_o charge_n from_o pompey_n which_o although_o they_o seem_v no_o way_n to_o satisfy_v or_o remove_v the_o injury_n and_o wrong_n complain_v of_o yet_o have_v get_v fit_a man_n by_o who_o that_o which_o he_o wish_v may_v be_v impart_v to_o pompey_n he_o pray_v they_o both_o for_o that_o they_o have_v bring_v unto_o he_o what_o pompey_n require_v they_o will_v not_o think_v it_o much_o to_o return_v his_o desire_n to_o pompey_n if_o happy_o with_o so_o little_a labour_n they_o may_v accord_v so_o great_a difference_n and_o free_a all_o italy_n from_o fear_n and_o danger_n that_o he_o have_v ever_o hold_v the_o dignity_n of_o the_o commonweal_n in_o high_a regard_n and_o dear_a than_o his_o own_o life_n he_o grieve_v much_o that_o a_o benefit_n give_v he_o by_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n shall_v be_v spiteful_o wrest_v from_o he_o by_o his_o adversary_n that_o six_o month_n of_o his_o government_n be_v to_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o so_o he_o to_o be_v call_v home_o to_o the_o city_n notwithstanding_o the_o people_n have_v command_v at_o the_o last_o creation_n of_o magistrate_n that_o there_o shall_v regard_v be_v have_v of_o he_o although_o absent_a nevertheless_o for_o the_o commonwealth_n sake_n he_o can_v be_v content_a to_o undergo_v the_o loss_n of_o that_o honour_n and_o have_v write_v to_o the_o senate_n that_o all_o man_n may_v quit_v their_o army_n he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o gain_v the_o same_o that_o contrariwise_o a_o levy_v be_v thereupon_o make_v throughout_o all_o italy_n and_o the_o two_o legion_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o he_o under_o a_o pretence_n of_o the_o parthian_a war_n be_v still_o retain_v about_o the_o city_n which_o be_v likewise_o in_o arms._n and_o to_o what_o tend_v all_o this_o but_o his_o destruction_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o be_v content_a to_o condescend_v to_o all_o thing_n and_o to_o endure_v all_o inconvenience_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o public_a weal._n let_v pompey_n go_v to_o his_o government_n and_o province_n let_v both_o the_o army_n be_v discharge_v let_v all_o man_n in_o italy_n lay_v down_o their_o arm_n let_v the_o city_n be_v free_v of_o fear_n let_v the_o assembly_n of_o the_o people_n be_v leave_v to_o their_o ancient_a liberty_n and_o the_o whole_a government_n of_o the_o state_n remit_v to_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n for_o the_o better_a accomplishment_n whereof_o under_o well-advised_a and_o secure_a condition_n let_v a_o oath_n be_v take_v for_o due_a keep_n of_o the_o same_o or_o otherwise_o let_v pompey_n approach_v near_a unto_o he_o or_o suffer_v caesar_n to_o come_v near_o to_o he_o that_o these_o controversy_n may_v happy_o receive_v a_o end_n by_o conference_n roscius_n have_v this_o message_n january_n go_v to_o capua_n accompany_v with_o l._n caesar_n where_o find_v the_o consul_n and_o pompey_n he_o deliver_v unto_o they_o caesar_n proposition_n
they_o have_v consult_v of_o the_o matter_n make_v a_o answer_n in_o writing_n and_o return_v it_o by_o they_o to_o caesar_n whereof_o this_o be_v the_o effect_n that_o he_o shall_v return_v into_o gallia_n quit_v ariminum_n and_o dismiss_v his_o army_n which_o if_o he_o do_v pompey_n will_v then_o go_v into_o spain_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n until_o assurance_n be_v give_v that_o caesar_n will_v perform_v as_o much_o as_o he_o promise_v the_o consul_n and_o pompey_n will_v not_o forbear_v to_o levy_v soldier_n the_o condition_n be_v too_o unequal_a to_o require_v caesar_n to_o leave_v ariminum_n and_o to_o return_v into_o his_o province_n and_o pompey_n to_o hold_v province_n and_o legion_n belong_v to_o other_o man_n to_o have_v caesar_n dismiss_v his_o army_n and_o he_o to_o raise_v new_a troop_n to_o promise_v simple_o to_o go_v to_o his_o government_n but_o to_o assign_v no_o day_n for_o his_o departure_n insomuch_o that_o if_o he_o have_v not_o go_v until_o caesar_n time_n of_o government_n have_v expire_v he_o can_v not_o have_v be_v blame_v for_o falsify_v his_o promise_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o appoint_v no_o time_n for_o a_o conference_n nor_o make_v any_o show_n of_o come_v near_o there_o can_v no_o hope_n be_v conceive_v of_o peace_n the_o first_o observation_n caesar_n lie_v at_o ravenna_n within_o his_o government_n of_o gallia_n and_o understand_v how_o matter_n pass_v at_o rome_n caesaris_fw-la according_a as_o plutarch_n report_v command_v divers_a of_o his_o centurion_n to_o go_v before_o to_o ariminum_n without_o any_o other_o armour_n than_o their_o sword_n and_o to_o possess_v themselves_o thereof_o with_o as_o little_a tumult_n as_o they_o can_v and_o then_o leave_v the_o troop_n about_o he_o to_o be_v command_v by_o hortensius_n he_o continue_v a_o whole_a day_n together_o in_o public_a sight_n of_o all_o man_n to_o behold_v the_o fence_n of_o the_o sword-player_n at_o night_n he_o bathe_v his_o body_n and_o then_o keep_v company_n with_o such_o as_o he_o have_v bid_v to_o supper_n and_o after_o a_o while_n rise_v from_o the_o table_n wish_v every_o man_n to_o keep_v his_o place_n for_o he_o will_v instant_o come_v again_o howbeit_o have_v secret_o command_v some_o of_o his_o follower_n to_o attend_v he_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o may_v give_v least_o suspicion_n he_o himself_o take_v a_o coach_n which_o he_o have_v hire_v 96._o and_o make_v show_n of_o go_v a_o contrary_a way_n turn_v sudden_o towards_o ariminum_n when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o little_a river_n rubicon_n which_o divide_v his_o government_n from_o the_o rest_n of_o italy_n he_o stand_v confound_v through_o remose_n of_o his_o desperate_a design_n and_o wist_v not_o whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o return_v or_o go_v on_o but_o in_o the_o end_n lay_v aside_o all_o doubtful_a cogitation_n he_o resolve_v upon_o a_o desperate_a adage_n dice_n import_v as_o much_o as_o fall_v back_o fall_v edge_n and_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n never_o stay_v run_v with_o his_o coach_n until_o he_o come_v within_o the_o city_n of_o ariminum_n 2._o where_o he_o meet_v curio_n and_o antonius_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n and_o show_v they_o to_o the_o soldier_n as_o they_o be_v drive_v to_o fly_v out_o of_o rome_n disguise_v like_o slave_n in_o a_o carrier_n cart_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o night_n before_o he_o pass_v over_o this_o river_n he_o dream_v that_o he_o lie_v with_o his_o mother_n in_o a_o unnatural_a sense_n but_o of_o that_o he_o himself_o make_v no_o mention_n this_o city_n of_o ariminum_n be_v now_o call_v râ—mini_n and_o stand_v in_o romania_n upon_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n in_o the_o pope_n dominion_n the_o river_n rubâ—con_n be_v ancient_o the_o bound_n of_o gallia_n over_o which_o augustus_n cause_v a_o fair_a bridge_n to_o be_v build_v with_o this_o inscription_n jussu_fw-la mandatuve_a p._n r._n cos._n imp._n mili_n tiro_n commilito_fw-la manipularis-ve_a cent_z turmaeve_a legionari-ve_a armat_fw-la quisquis_fw-la es._n hic_fw-la sistito_fw-la vexillum_fw-la sinito_fw-la nec_fw-la citra_fw-la hunc_fw-la amnem_fw-la rubiconem_fw-la ductum_fw-la commeatum_fw-la exercitum-ve_a traducito_fw-la si_fw-it quis_fw-la hujusce_fw-la jussionis_fw-la ergo_fw-la adversus_fw-la fecit_fw-la feceritve_a adjudicatus_fw-la esto_fw-la hostess_fw-la p._n r._n ac_fw-la si_fw-it contra_fw-la patriam_fw-la arma_fw-la tulerit_fw-la sacrosque_fw-la penates_fw-la e._n penetralibus_fw-la asportaverit_fw-la sancio_fw-la plebisci_n senatus-ve_a consult_v ultra_fw-la hos_fw-la fines_n arma_fw-la proffer_n liceat_fw-la nemini_fw-la s._n p._n q._n r._n the_o substance_n whereof_o be_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v unlawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o come_v over_o the_o say_a river_n arm_v under_o penalty_n of_o be_v adjudge_v a_o enemy_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o a_o invader_n of_o his_o own_o country_n the_o second_o observation_n if_o this_o manner_n of_o proceed_v be_v bring_v into_o dispute_n and_o the_o reason_n require_v why_o caesar_n keep_v not_o himself_o in_o the_o province_n of_o gallia_n where_o he_o may_v have_v hold_v his_o government_n according_a to_o his_o own_o desire_n or_o otherwise_o have_v draw_v his_o adversary_n to_o buckle_v with_o the_o strength_n of_o those_o conquer_a legion_n and_o so_o bring_v the_o business_n to_o a_o short_a end_n with_o as_o great_a probability_n of_o good_a success_n as_o by_o any_o hazard_n of_o undertake_v it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o in_o case_n of_o this_o nature_n which_o seldom_o admit_v any_o treaty_n of_o accord_n he_o that_o strike_v first_o and_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o forehand_n be_v well_o enter_v into_o the_o way_n of_o victory_n for_o the_o rule_n be_v of_o old_a significes_fw-la that_o if_o a_o enemy_n have_v a_o design_n in_o hand_n it_o be_v far_o more_o safe_a to_o begin_v first_o and_o by_o way_n of_o prevention_n to_o give_v the_o onset_n on_o he_o rather_o than_o to_o show_v a_o readiness_n of_o resist_v his_o assault_n for_o if_o blow_n of_o necessity_n must_v be_v way-maker_n to_o peace_n it_o be_v a_o mistake_v to_o be_v either_o want_v or_o behindhand_o therein_o beside_o the_o gain_n which_o attend_v this_o advantage_n 6._o for_o he_o that_o stand_v affect_v to_o deny_v what_o be_v just_a negat_fw-la and_o of_o right_n due_a do_v nevertheless_o grant_v all_o thing_n which_o the_o sword_n require_v and_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o supply_v all_o unjust_a refusal_n with_o as_o great_a a_o overplus_n of_o what_o may_v be_v demand_v 1._o for_o which_o cause_n caesar_n stay_v not_o the_o come_n of_o his_o whole_a army_n but_o begin_v with_o those_o force_n which_o be_v ready_a at_o hand_n and_o so_o prevent_v all_o intendment_n he_o put_v his_o adversary_n to_o such_o a_o straight_a that_o they_o quit_v italy_n for_o fear_n and_o leave_v rome_n with_o whatsoever_o be_v sacred_a or_o precious_a therein_o to_o the_o mercy_n of_o they_o who_o they_o have_v adjudge_v enemy_n to_o their_o country_n chap._n vi_o caesar_n take_v divers_a municipal_a to_n for_o which_o regard_n caesar_n he_o send_v m._n antonius_n with_o five_o cohort_n to_o aretium_n man_n but_o he_o himself_o stay_v at_o ariminum_n with_o two_o legion_n and_o there_o intend_v to_o enrol_v new_a troop_n tignium_n and_o with_o several_a cohort_n take_v pisaurum_n fanum_n and_o ancona_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n be_v advertise_v that_o thermus_n the_o praetor_n do_v hold_v tignium_n with_o five_o cohort_n and_o fortify_v the_o place_n and_o that_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v well_o incline_v towards_o he_o he_o send_v curio_n thither_o with_o three_o cohort_n which_o he_o have_v at_o pisaurum_n and_o ariminum_n upon_o notice_n of_o who_o come_v thermus_n doubt_v of_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o town_n draw_v his_o cohort_n forth_o of_o the_o city_n and_o flee_v the_o soldier_n by_o the_o way_n go_v from_o he_o and_o repair_v homeward_o curio_n be_v there_o receive_v with_o the_o great_a contentment_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o all_o man_n upon_o notice_n whereof_o caesar_n conceive_v hope_n of_o the_o favourable_a affection_n of_o the_o municipal_a town_n bring_v the_o cohort_n of_o the_o thirteen_o legion_n out_o of_o their_o garrison_n varus_n and_o march_v towards_o auximum_n a_o town_n hold_v by_o actius_n with_o certain_a cohort_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v thither_o with_o he_o who_o have_v send_v out_o divers_a senator_n picenum_n make_v a_o levy_v of_o man_n throughout_o all_o the_o country_n of_o picenum_n caesar_n come_v being_n know_v the_o decuriones_fw-la of_o auximum_n repair_v to_o actius_n varus_n accompany_v with_o great_a troop_n of_o people_n and_o tell_v he_o that_o the_o matter_n concern_v not_o he_o at_o all_o for_o neither_o themselves_o nor_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o municipal_a town_n will_v shut_v their_o gate_n against_o such_o a_o commander_n as_o caesar_n be_v that_o by_o great_a and_o worthy_a service_n have_v so_o well_o deserve_v of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o therefore_o advise_v he_o
and_o in_o every_o order_n there_o be_v a_o centurion_n or_o captain_n these_o order_n be_v distinguish_v by_o the_o number_n of_o the_o first_o second_o three_o and_o so_o consequent_o unto_o the_o ten_o order_n which_o be_v the_o last_o and_o low_a of_o each_o of_o these_o three_o kind_n so_o that_o this_o q._n fulginius_n here_o mention_v be_v centurion_n of_o the_o first_o and_o prime_a order_n of_o the_o hastati_fw-la and_o t._n caecilius_n centurion_n of_o the_o first_o order_n of_o the_o triarii_n which_o by_o excellency_n be_v call_v primipilus_fw-la or_o the_o leader_n of_o the_o first_o company_n of_o a_o legion_n now_o concern_v their_o imbattel_v we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o according_a to_o this_o former_a division_n of_o hastati_fw-la principes_fw-la and_o triarii_n upon_o occasion_n of_o fight_n they_o make_v a_o triple_a battle_n one_o stand_v in_o front_n to_o another_o which_o we_o call_v the_o vanguard_n battle_n and_o rearward_n whereof_o the_o hastati_fw-la be_v call_v antesignani_fw-la antesignani_fw-la not_o for_o that_o they_o have_v no_o ensign_n of_o their_o own_o for_o every_o maniple_n have_v a_o ensign_n but_o because_o they_o stand_v imbattel_v before_o the_o eagle_n and_o other_o the_o chief_a ensign_n of_o the_o legion_n 22._o to_o which_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o livy_n pugnaorta_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la illa_fw-la ordinata_fw-la per_fw-la hastatos_fw-la principesque_fw-la &_o triarios_fw-la nec_fw-la ut_fw-la pro_fw-la signis_fw-la antesignanus_fw-la post_fw-la signa_fw-la alia_fw-la pugnaret_fw-la acies_fw-la the_o fight_n begin_v not_o a_o regular_a fight_n by_o hastati_fw-la principes_fw-la and_o triarii_fw-la nor_o in_o that_o orderlinesse_n that_o the_o antesignani_fw-la fight_v before_o the_o ensign_n and_o another_o battle_n behind_o the_o ensign_n and_o again_o 9_o cadunt_fw-la antesignani_fw-la &_o ne_fw-la nudentur_fw-la propugnatoribus_fw-la signa_fw-la sit_fw-la ex_fw-la secunda_fw-la prima_fw-la acies_fw-la the_o antesignani_fw-la be_v cut_v down_o so_o that_o lest_o the_o ensign_n shall_v be_v leâ—t_o naked_a of_o defendant_n the_o second_o battle_n be_v make_v the_o first_o whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o most_o of_o the_o chief_a ensign_n be_v with_o the_o principes_fw-la which_o be_v call_v subsignani_fw-la as_o the_o triarii_fw-la post_fw-la signani_fw-la among_o other_o benefit_n of_o these_o so_o particular_a division_n of_o a_o army_n that_o be_v not_o the_o least_o which_o be_v note_v by_o thucydides_n 5._o ut_fw-la jussa_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la brevi_fw-la spacio_fw-la ad_fw-la singulos_fw-la milites_fw-la deferri_fw-la possent_fw-la the_o command_n of_o the_o general_n be_v thereby_o sudden_o transmit_v to_o every_o particular_a soldier_n chap._n xvii_o caesar_n bring_v into_o great_a extremity_n by_o overflow_a of_o two_o river_n the_o enemy_n fortify_v the_o mount_n for_o which_o they_o contend_v caesar_n with_o great_a and_o strong_a work_n and_o there_o put_v a_o garrison_n in_o the_o space_n of_o those_o two_o day_n that_o these_o thing_n be_v in_o do_v there_o fall_v out_o upon_o a_o sudden_a a_o great_a inconvenience_n for_o such_o a_o tempest_n happen_v that_o the_o like_a water_n be_v never_o see_v in_o those_o place_n and_o further_o beside_o the_o snow_n come_v down_o so_o abundant_o from_o the_o hill_n that_o it_o overflow_v the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n and_o in_o one_o day_n break_v down_o both_o the_o bridge_n which_o fabius_n have_v make_v and_o thereby_o bring_v caesar_n into_o great_a extremity_n for_o as_o it_o be_v former_o relate_v the_o camp_n lie_v between_o two_o river_n magnus_fw-la sicoris_n and_o cinga_n and_o within_o thirty_o mile_n neither_o of_o these_o river_n be_v passable_a so_o that_o all_o the_o army_n be_v of_o necessity_n coup_v up_o in_o that_o straightness_n neither_o can_v the_o city_n which_o have_v former_o range_v themselves_o with_o caesar_n party_n furnish_v any_o supply_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n nor_o such_o of_o the_o army_n as_o have_v go_v far_o for_o forage_v be_v hinder_v by_o the_o river_n can_v return_v to_o the_o camp_n nor_o yet_o the_o great_a convote_n and_o reenforcement_n come_v to_o he_o out_o of_o italy_n and_o gallia_n can_v get_v to_o the_o camp_n the_o time_n of_o year_n be_v very_o hard_o for_o there_o be_v neither_o old_a corn_n leave_v of_o their_o winter_n provision_n nor_o that_o on_o the_o ground_n be_v as_o yet_o ripe_a the_o city_n and_o town_n near_o about_o be_v all_o empty_v for_o afranius_n before_o caesar_n come_n have_v cause_v all_o the_o corn_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o ilerda_n and_o that_o which_o remain_v be_v since_o caesar_n come_v all_o spend_v and_o for_o cattle_n which_o may_v have_v relieve_v this_o necessity_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o war_n they_o be_v remove_v by_o the_o border_a town_n and_o carry_v far_o off_o such_o as_o be_v go_v out_o to_o forage_v and_o to_o seek_v corn_n be_v by_o the_o light-armed_n portugall_n and_o the_o buckler-bearer_n of_o the_o hither_o spain_n much_o trouble_v and_o molest_v for_o these_o man_n can_v easy_o pass_v the_o river_n forasmuch_o as_o none_o of_o they_o use_v to_o go_v to_o war_n without_o bladder_n for_o that_o purpose_n on_o the_o contrary_a part_n afranius_n abound_v with_o all_o necessary_a provision_n great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n be_v former_o provide_v and_o store_v up_o much_o be_v bring_v in_o from_o all_o the_o province_n round_o about_o there_o be_v also_o great_a plenty_n of_o forage_n in_o his_o camp_n for_o the_o bridge_n at_o ilerda_n afford_v mean_n of_o all_o these_o thing_n without_o danger_n and_o the_o country_n beyond_o the_o river_n be_v whole_a and_o untouched_a which_o caesar_n can_v not_o come_v unto_o by_o any_o mean_n the_o water_n continue_v for_o many_o day_n together_o caesar_n use_v all_o mean_n to_o re-edify_a the_o bridge_n but_o neither_o the_o swell_a of_o the_o river_n will_v permit_v he_o nor_o yet_o the_o cohort_n of_o the_o enemy_n place_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o other_o side_n suffer_v he_o to_o go_v forward_o with_o it_o which_o they_o may_v easy_o hinder_v both_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o river_n and_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o water_n as_o also_o for_o that_o they_o may_v easy_o cast_v their_o weapon_n from_o along_o the_o bank_n unto_o one_o place_n or_o point_n whereby_o it_o be_v very_o hard_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n the_o river_n run_v so_o violent_o as_o it_o do_v to_o do_v the_o work_n and_o to_o shun_v the_o weapon_n the_o first_o observation_n first_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o the_o strength_n of_o a_o multitude_n be_v not_o privilege_v from_o such_o casualty_n as_o betide_v the_o weakness_n of_o particular_a person_n but_o do_v oftentimes_o undergo_v extremity_n which_o can_v neither_o by_o providence_n be_v prevent_v nor_o remove_v by_o industry_n and_o be_v such_o as_o proceed_v not_o from_o the_o endeavour_n of_o a_o enemy_n but_o out_o of_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o place_n together_o with_o such_o accident_n as_o be_v interlace_v with_o the_o same_o in_o respect_n whereof_o it_o be_v that_o cambyses_n tell_v cyrus_n est_fw-la that_o in_o the_o course_n of_o war_n he_o shall_v meet_v with_o some_o occasion_n wherein_o he_o be_v not_o to_o labour_n and_o contend_v with_o man_n but_o with_o chance_n and_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v overcome_v with_o less_o difficulty_n than_o a_o enemy_n and_o be_v the_o more_o dangerous_a according_a as_o they_o give_v way_n to_o scarcity_n and_o lack_n of_o victual_n for_o as_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o same_o place_n scis_fw-la brevi_fw-la finem_fw-la habiturum_fw-la imperium_fw-la si_fw-la commeatu_fw-la exercitus_fw-la careat_fw-la cyri._fw-la you_o know_v that_o if_o your_o army_n be_v once_o starve_v your_o empire_n can_v be_v but_o short-lived_a the_o remedy_n whereof_o be_v first_o patience_n which_o be_v as_o requisite_a in_o a_o soldier_n as_o either_o courage_n or_o any_o other_o ability_n and_o in_o such_o case_n keep_v a_o army_n from_o discontentment_n and_o disorder_n until_o mean_n of_o better_a fortune_n and_o second_o good_a endeavour_n valet_fw-la which_o avail_v much_o in_o such_o chance_n the_o effect_n whereof_o will_v appear_v by_o that_o which_o caesar_n wrought_v to_o redeem_v his_o army_n from_o these_o inconvenience_n the_o second_o observation_n concern_v that_o which_o be_v here_o note_v of_o the_o spaniard_n river_n that_o make_v nothing_o of_o pass_v a_o river_n with_o the_o help_n of_o bladder_n which_o the_o roman_n be_v ready_a to_o wonder_v at_o then_o to_o imitate_v it_o be_v observe_v that_o as_o people_n exquisite_o fashion_v to_o a_o civil_a life_n by_o a_o firm_a and_o settle_a policy_n of_o government_n be_v firm_a and_o real_a in_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o their_o proceed_n and_o according_o do_v show_v their_o punctuality_n as_o well_o in_o their_o solemnity_n and_o private_a carriage_n as_o in_o their_o magnificent_a and_o stately_a building_n so_o on_o the_o other_o
of_o they_o fight_v on_o each_o side_n enter_v valiant_o the_o enemy_n ship_n kill_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o highlander_n and_o shepherd_n part_v of_o the_o ship_n they_o sink_v some_o they_o take_v with_o the_o man_n and_o the_o rest_n they_o beat_v back_o into_o the_o haven_n that_o day_n the_o massilian_n lose_v nine_o ship_n with_o those_o that_o be_v take_v this_o news_n be_v bring_v to_o caesar_n at_o ilerda_n the_o first_o observation_n i_o have_v former_o observe_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o sea-fight_n sea-fight_n consist_v of_o three_o part_n the_o first_o be_v their_o nimble_a and_o skilful_a manage_n of_o their_o ship_n either_o forcible_o to_o assault_v or_o to_o lavire_n and_o bear_v off_o as_o may_v fall_v for_o their_o best_a advantage_n wherein_o the_o massilian_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o skillfulness_n of_o their_o pilot_n have_v great_a confidence_n the_o second_o be_v their_o fight_n before_o they_o come_v to_o grapple_v as_o well_o with_o great_a engine_n such_o as_o be_v their_o balistae_fw-la and_o catapultae_n cast_v stone_n and_o log_n of_o wood_n one_o against_o another_o as_o also_o with_o sling_n arrow_n and_o dart_n resemble_v our_o great_a artillery_n and_o small_a shot_n for_o which_o purpose_n their_o ship_n be_v build_v with_o fore-castles_a and_o turret_n and_o other_o advantage_n of_o height_n for_o their_o cast_a weapon_n the_o three_o be_v their_o grapple_a and_o forcible_a entry_n wherein_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o matter_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o valour_n the_o legionary_a soldier_n carry_v the_o cause_n whence_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o their_o legion_n be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o their_o valiant_a and_o worthy_a man_n as_o well_o for_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o land_n be_v â—itted_v by_o the_o discipline_n of_o their_o military_a exercise_n to_o undertake_v any_o service_n subject_n to_o humane_a industry_n whereof_o they_o gâ—ve_v a_o account_n worthy_a the_o school_n wherein_o they_o be_v instruct_v neither_o be_v 〈◊〉_d at_o any_o time_n but_o that_o such_o kingdom_n as_o 〈…〉_z to_o train_z up_o their_o man_n in_o academy_n of_o virtuous_a actual_o do_v always_o keep_v then_o honour_n at_o a_o high_a 〈◊〉_d afford_v at_o all_o time_n man_n of_o absolute_a and_o complete_a carriage_n both_o for_o designment_n and_o performance_n the_o second_o observation_n i_o have_v a_o little_a before_o show_v out_o of_o livy_n that_o the_o antesignani_fw-la be_v ordinary_o take_v for_o the_o hastati_fw-la which_o be_v the_o easy_a sort_n of_o soldier_n according_a to_o the_o general_a division_n of_o a_o legion_n do_v seem_v to_o contradict_v the_o passage_n in_o this_o chapter_n sed_fw-la delectos_fw-la ex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la legionibus_fw-la fortissimos_fw-la viros_fw-la antesignanos_fw-la centuriones_n caesar_n ei_fw-la classi_fw-la attribuerat_fw-la but_o caesar_n have_v pick_v the_o valiant_a of_o the_o antesignani_fw-la out_o of_o all_o the_o legion_n put_v they_o into_o this_o fleet_n as_o centurion_n for_o the_o better_a clear_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o as_o the_o hastati_fw-la or_o first_o battle_n of_o a_o legion_n be_v general_o take_v for_o the_o antesignani_fw-la as_o stand_v before_o the_o eagle_n and_o other_o the_o chief_a ensign_n which_o be_v always_o among_o the_o principes_fw-la or_o second_v battle_n so_o every_o maniple_n have_v a_o ensign_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o troup_n the_o soldier_n that_o stand_v in_o front_n before_o the_o ensign_n be_v likewise_o call_v antesignani_fw-la and_o be_v the_o best_a soldier_n in_o the_o company_n for_o the_o centurion_n stand_v always_o in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o troup_n be_v accompany_v with_o the_o valiant_a and_o worthy_a man_n the_o rest_n fill_v up_o the_o rear_n consort_v with_o the_o lieutenant_n who_o thereupon_o be_v call_v tergiductor_a whence_o we_o may_v admire_v the_o temperature_n and_o disposition_n of_o a_o roman_a army_n be_v first_o general_o divide_v into_o three_o battle_n whereof_o the_o mean_a be_v in_o the_o vanguard_n to_o make_v trial_n of_o their_o strength_n and_o to_o spend_v the_o heat_n of_o their_o young_a blood_n in_o the_o first_o affront_n of_o a_o enemy_n the_o veterani_fw-la or_o old_a soldier_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o rearward_n to_o repair_v any_o loss_n which_o either_o force_n or_o casualty_n shall_v cast_v upon_o their_o leader_n and_o again_o to_o counterpoise_v themselves_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o the_o weak_a may_v not_o alwaâ—â—s_o go_v to_o the_o wall_n their_o private_a company_n be_v so_o order_v that_o the_o best_a man_n be_v always_o in_o front_n whereby_o they_o make_v such_o a_o exquisite_a temper_n as_o keep_v every_o part_n of_o the_o army_n in_o their_o full_a strength_n chap._n xx._n upon_o the_o make_n of_o the_o bridge_n at_o ilerda_n the_o enemy_n resolve_v to_o transfer_v the_o war_n into_o celtiberia_n upon_o caesar_n make_v of_o his_o bridge_n caesar_n fortune_n sudden_o change_v the_o enemy_n fear_v the_o courage_n and_o valour_n of_o our_o cavalry_n do_v not_o so_o free_o range_v abroad_o as_o they_o have_v wont_a to_o do_v sometime_o seek_v forage_n within_o a_o small_a distance_n of_o the_o camp_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v find_v a_o safe_a and_o easy_a retreat_n if_o occasion_n require_v sometime_o fetch_v a_o great_a compass_n about_o to_o avoid_v the_o guard_n and_o station_n of_o our_o horseman_n and_o if_o they_o have_v receive_v but_o the_o least_o check_n or_o have_v but_o descry_v the_o cavalry_n afar_o off_o they_o will_v have_v cast_v down_o their_o burden_n and_o flee_v away_o at_o last_o they_o omit_v forage_v for_o many_o day_n together_o and_o which_o be_v never_o use_v by_o any_o nation_n send_v out_o to_o seek_v it_o in_o the_o night_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n those_o of_o osca_n and_o calaguris_n osca_n be_v in_o league_n together_o calaguris_fw-la send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n with_o offer_n of_o their_o service_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o shall_v please_v to_o command_v it_o within_o a_o few_o day_n the_o tarraconenses_n lacetani_n and_o ausetani_n together_o with_o the_o illurgavonenses_n which_o border_n upon_o the_o river_n ebrus_n follow_v after_o of_o all_o these_o he_o desire_v supply_n of_o corn_n and_o provision_n which_o they_o promise_v to_o furnish_v and_o according_o get_v horse_n from_o all_o quarter_n and_o bring_v grain_n into_o the_o camp_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o regiment_n of_o the_o illurgavonenses_n understand_v the_o resolution_n of_o their_o state_n leave_v the_o enemy_n and_o come_v unto_o he_o with_o their_o colour_n and_o sudden_o a_o great_a alteration_n of_o thing_n appear_v the_o bridge_n be_v perfect_v five_o great_a city_n and_o state_n be_v come_v in_o unto_o he_o a_o course_n settle_v for_o provision_n of_o corn_n and_o the_o rumour_n blow_v over_o of_o the_o succour_n and_o legion_n which_o pompey_n be_v say_v to_o come_v withal_o by_o the_o way_n of_o mauritania_n many_o other_o town_n far_o off_o revolt_v from_o afranius_n and_o cleave_v to_o caesar_n party_n the_o enemy_n be_v much_o affright_a and_o abash_v at_o these_o thing_n caesar_n to_o avoid_v the_o great_a circuit_n by_o which_o he_o continual_o send_v his_o horseman_n about_o by_o the_o bridge_n have_v get_v a_o convenient_a place_n resolve_v to_o make_v many_o trench_n of_o thirty_o foot_n in_o breadth_n by_o which_o he_o may_v drain_v some_o part_n of_o the_o river_n sicoris_n and_o make_v it_o passable_a by_o a_o ford_n these_o trench_n be_v almost_o make_v afâ—anius_n and_o petreius_n do_v thereupon_o conceive_v a_o great_a fear_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v cut_v off_o altogether_o from_o victual_n and_o forage_v forasmuch_o as_o caesar_n be_v very_o strong_a in_o horse_n and_o therefore_o they_o determine_v to_o leave_v that_o place_n and_o transfer_v the_o war_n into_o celtiberia_n be_v the_o rather_o thereunto_o induce_v for_o that_o of_o those_o two_o contrary_a faction_n which_o in_o the_o former_a war_n have_v stand_v for_o l._n sertorius_n such_o city_n as_o be_v subdue_v by_o pompey_n do_v yet_o stand_v in_o awe_n of_o his_o name_n and_o authority_n and_o such_o as_o from_o the_o beginning_n have_v continue_v firm_a unto_o he_o do_v entire_o love_v he_o for_o the_o great_a benefit_n they_o have_v receive_v from_o he_o among_o who_o caesar_n name_n be_v not_o know_v there_o they_o expect_v great_a succour_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o to_o keep_v the_o war_n on_o foot_n until_o winter_n this_o advice_n be_v agree_v upon_o they_o give_v order_n to_o take_v up_o all_o the_o boat_n that_o be_v on_o the_o river_n iberus_n octogesa_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o octogesa_n a_o town_n site_v upon_o iberus_n twenty_o mile_n from_o the_o camp_n there_o they_o command_v a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n to_o be_v make_v and_o transport_v two_o legion_n over_o sicoris_n fortify_v their_o camp_n with_o a_o rampire_n of_o twelve_o foot_n
into_o messana_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o sudden_a terror_n of_o the_o principal_a man_n and_o the_o senate_n that_o take_v themselves_o to_o flight_n he_o surprise_v one_o ship_n in_o the_o road_n and_o carry_v she_o away_o and_o so_o hold_v on_o his_o course_n to_o marseilles_n and_o have_v send_v a_o small_a bark_n before_o he_o certify_v domitius_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o come_n exhort_v they_o by_o all_o mean_n that_o join_v their_o force_n with_o his_o supply_n they_o will_v once_o again_o give_v fight_n to_o brutus_n navy_n the_o marseillian_o since_o their_o former_a overthrow_n have_v take_v the_o like_a number_n of_o ship_n out_o of_o their_o arsenal_n and_o new_o rig_v and_o trim_v they_o and_o with_o great_a industry_n furnish_v and_o man_v they_o for_o that_o service_n for_o they_o want_v neither_o oar-man_n mariner_n sailor_n nor_o pilot_n fit_a for_o that_o purpose_n to_o these_o they_o add_v certain_a fisher-boat_n and_o fence_v they_o with_o cover_n that_o the_o oar-man_n may_v be_v safe_a from_o cast_v weapon_n and_o these_o he_o fill_v with_o archer_n and_o engine_n the_o navy_n be_v thus_o furnish_v and_o prepare_v the_o marseillian_o incite_v and_o stir_v up_o with_o the_o prayer_n and_o tear_n of_o old_a man_n woman_n and_o maid_n to_o give_v help_n and_o defence_n to_o their_o city_n in_o time_n of_o extreme_a danger_n and_o to_o fight_v with_o no_o less_o courage_n and_o confidence_n then_o former_o they_o have_v accustom_v go_v all_o aboard_o with_o great_a courage_n as_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o common_a fault_n of_o nature_n whereby_o we_o put_v more_o confidence_n in_o thing_n unseen_a and_o unknown_a or_o otherwise_o be_v more_o trouble_v thereat_o according_a as_o it_o then_o happen_v for_o the_o come_n of_o nasidius_n have_v fill_v the_o city_n full_a of_o assure_a hope_n and_o courage_n and_o thereupon_o have_v a_o good_a wind_n they_o leave_v the_o port_n tholose_a and_o come_v and_o find_v nasidius_n at_o taurenta_n a_o castle_n belong_v to_o the_o marseillian_o and_o there_o fit_v themselves_o for_o a_o fight_n encourage_v each_o other_o again_o to_o a_o valiant_a carriage_n of_o that_o service_n and_o consult_v how_o it_o may_v be_v best_o perform_v the_o right_a squadron_n be_v give_v to_o the_o marseillian_o and_o the_o leave_v to_o nasidius_n and_o to_o the_o place_n repair_v brutus_n have_v increase_v the_o number_n of_o his_o ship_n for_o those_o six_o which_o he_o take_v from_o the_o marseillian_o he_o have_v add_v unto_o the_o other_o which_o caesar_n have_v cause_v to_o be_v make_v at_o arelate_n arles_n and_o have_v mend_v they_o since_o the_o last_o fight_n and_o fit_v they_o with_o all_o necessary_n for_o man_n of_o war_n and_o thereupon_o exhort_v his_o soldier_n to_o contemn_v the_o enemy_n as_o a_o vanquish_a party_n have_v already_o foil_v and_o overthrow_v they_o when_o they_o be_v in_o their_o strength_n they_o set_v forward_o against_o they_o with_o great_a assurance_n and_o courage_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n of_o c._n trebonius_n and_o from_o all_o those_o high_a place_n they_o may_v easy_o perceive_v and_o see_v in_o the_o city_n how_o all_o the_o youth_n which_o remain_v in_o the_o town_n and_o all_o the_o age_a with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n do_v from_o the_o public_a place_n of_o guard_n and_o from_o the_o town_n wall_n stretch_v out_o their_o hand_n towards_o heaven_n or_o otherwise_o run_v to_o their_o church_n and_o temple_n and_o there_o prostrate_v themselves_o before_o their_o image_n do_v desire_v victory_n of_o their_o go_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o of_o they_o all_o that_o do_v not_o think_v the_o event_n of_o all_o their_o fortune_n to_o consist_v in_o that_o day_n service_n for_o the_o chief_a of_o all_o their_o able_a man_n and_o the_o best_a of_o all_o sort_n and_o degree_n be_v by_o name_n call_v out_o and_o entreat_v to_o go_v aboard_o to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o any_o disaster_n or_o mischance_n shall_v happen_v they_o may_v see_v nothing_o further_a to_o be_v endeavour_v for_o their_o safety_n and_o if_o they_o overcome_v they_o may_v rest_v in_o hope_n to_o save_v their_o city_n either_o by_o their_o own_o valour_n or_o by_o foreign_a help_n observation_n communi_fw-la fit_a vitio_fw-la naturae_fw-la ut_fw-la invisis_fw-la latitantibus_fw-la atque_fw-la incognitis_fw-la rebus_fw-la magis_fw-la confidamus_fw-la vehementiusque_fw-la exterreamur_fw-la ut_fw-la tum_fw-la accidit_fw-la it_o come_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o common_a fault_n of_o nature_n etc._n etc._n in_o case_n of_o hazard_n thing_n bring_v unto_o we_o by_o report_n do_v more_o abuse_v our_o judgement_n either_o in_o conceive_v too_o great_a hope_n or_o yield_v too_o much_o to_o distrust_v than_o any_o matter_n present_a can_v move_v or_o enforce_v for_o these_o perturbation_n attend_v upon_o our_o will_n be_v enlarge_v more_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o our_o desire_n then_o as_o they_o be_v direct_v by_o discourse_n of_o reason_n and_o so_o draw_v man_n either_o easy_o to_o believe_v what_o their_o wish_n do_v require_v credunt_fw-la or_o otherwise_o to_o reject_v all_o as_o utter_o lose_v the_o uncertainty_n whereof_o and_o the_o disappointment_n ensue_v those_o deceivable_a apprehension_n have_v bring_v the_o hope_n of_o this_o life_n into_o very_o slight_a account_n be_v reckon_v but_o as_o the_o dream_n of_o he_o that_o be_v awake_a and_o as_o piafraus_n or_o a_o charitable_a delusion_n to_o support_v we_o through_o the_o hard_a chance_n of_o this_o world_n and_o to_o keep_v man_n heart_n from_o break_v for_o every_o man_n help_n be_v hope_n which_o never_o afford_v present_a relief_n but_o assuage_v the_o bitterness_n of_o extremity_n by_o dabit_fw-la deus_fw-la his_fw-la quoque_fw-la finem_fw-la aeneid_n god_n once_o will_v put_v a_o end_n to_o these_o thing_n too_o chap._n iii_o the_o fight_n and_o the_o marseillian_o overthrow_n the_o fight_n be_v begin_v caesar_n the_o marseillian_o be_v want_v in_o no_o point_n of_o valour_n but_o bear_v in_o mind_n such_o exhortation_n as_o a_o little_a before_o have_v be_v give_v they_o by_o their_o friend_n they_o fight_v so_o resolute_o as_o though_o they_o mean_v not_o to_o fight_v again_o or_o as_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v chance_v to_o miscarry_v in_o that_o battle_n he_o shall_v make_v account_n that_o he_o do_v but_o anticipate_v for_o a_o small_a moment_n of_o time_n the_o fatal_a end_n of_o his_o fellow-citizen_n who_o upon_o take_v of_o the_o town_n be_v to_o undergo_v the_o same_o fortune_n of_o war_n our_o ship_n put_v on_o by_o little_a and_o little_a be_v glad_a to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o nimbleness_n and_o mobility_n of_o their_o ship_n which_o by_o the_o skill_n of_o their_o pilot_n be_v well_o manage_v and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o our_o man_n have_v find_v mean_n to_o grapple_v with_o any_o of_o their_o ship_n they_o present_o come_v on_o all_o side_n to_o their_o rescue_n neither_o do_v the_o albici_n show_v themselves_o backward_a when_o the_o matter_n come_v to_o hand_n or_o be_v they_o inferior_a to_o our_o man_n in_o courage_n or_o valour_n moreover_o out_o of_o the_o lesser_a ship_n be_v cast_v infinite_a number_n of_o dart_n and_o other_o weapon_n wherewith_o our_o man_n busy_v in_o fight_n be_v sudden_o wound_v in_o this_o conflict_n two_o of_o their_o triremes_n have_v spy_v brutus_n ship_n which_o by_o her_o flag_n may_v â—asily_o be_v discern_v come_v violent_o against_o he_o from_o two_o contrary_a part_n but_o the_o danger_n be_v foresee_v brutus_n do_v so_o prevail_v through_o the_o swiftness_n of_o his_o ship_n that_o he_o a_o little_a outstrip_v they_o whereby_o they_o come_v with_o their_o full_a swinge_n do_v so_o encounter_v one_o another_o that_o they_o be_v both_o very_a much_o shake_v with_o the_o blow_n for_o the_o beak-head_n of_o one_o be_v break_v off_o the_o water_n be_v ready_a to_o come_v in_o on_o all_o side_n which_o be_v observe_v by_o some_o of_o brutus_n party_n that_o be_v near_o about_o they_o set_v upon_o they_o be_v thus_o distress_v and_o quick_o sink_v they_o both_o the_o ship_n that_o come_v with_o nasidius_n be_v find_v of_o no_o use_n and_o therefore_o quick_o leave_v the_o fight_n for_o there_o be_v not_o offer_v there_o unto_o they_o either_o the_o sight_n of_o their_o country_n or_o the_o exhortation_n and_o prayer_n of_o their_o kinsfolk_n and_o ally_n as_o motive_n to_o hazard_v their_o life_n in_o that_o quarrel_n so_o that_o of_o they_o there_o be_v none_o want_v of_o the_o ship_n that_o come_v out_o from_o marseilles_n five_o be_v sink_v and_o four_o take_v one_o escape_v with_o nasidius_n fleet_n which_o make_v towards_o the_o hither_o spain_n one_o of_o they_o that_o remain_v be_v send_v before_o to_o marseilles_n who_o come_v as_o a_o messenger_n before_o the_o rest_n and_o approach_v near_o unto_o the_o town_n all_o the_o
few_o day_n labour_v re-edify_v and_o finish_v whereby_o there_o be_v no_o place_n leave_v to_o practice_v deceit_n or_o to_o sally_v out_o with_o advantage_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o mean_n leave_v by_o which_o they_o can_v prevail_v either_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n to_o hurt_v our_o soldier_n or_o by_o fire_n to_o consume_v our_o work_n and_o understand_v likewise_o that_o by_o the_o same_o manner_n of_o fortification_n all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o town_n which_o have_v passage_n and_o access_n from_o the_o firm_a land_n may_v be_v encompass_v with_o a_o wall_n and_o with_o tower_n that_o their_o soldier_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o stand_v upon_o their_o work_n and_o perceive_v withal_o that_o our_o army_n have_v raise_v a_o counter-mure_n against_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o town_n and_o that_o weapon_n may_v be_v cast_v by_o hand_n unto_o they_o that_o the_o use_n of_o their_o engine_n wherein_o they_o much_o trust_v be_v by_o the_o nearness_n of_o space_n quite_o take_v away_o and_o last_o that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o confront_v our_o man_n upon_o equal_a term_n from_o their_o wall_n and_o from_o their_o turret_n they_o descend_v to_o the_o same_o article_n of_o rendry_a and_o submission_n as_o be_v former_o agree_v upon_o the_o first_o observation_n hence_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o a_o general_n can_v be_v too_o secure_a of_o a_o enemy_n that_o stand_v upon_o term_n to_o render_v up_o a_o place_n for_o the_o action_n be_v but_o voluntary_a by_o constraint_n if_o haply_o the_o constrain_a force_n be_v remove_v then_o that_o do_v cease_v which_o be_v voluntary_a and_o so_o it_o come_v by_o consequent_a to_o a_o refusal_n as_o appear_v by_o this_o passage_n of_o the_o marseillian_o who_o be_v bring_v into_o hard_a term_n as_o well_o by_o their_o two_o overthrow_n at_o sea_n whence_o they_o expect_v no_o further_a succour_n as_o also_o by_o the_o siege_n lay_v so_o close_o by_o land_n where_o they_o be_v so_o violent_o assault_v that_o their_o tower_n of_o defence_n make_v passage_n for_o the_o roman_n to_o enter_v upon_o they_o do_v nevertheless_o upon_o cessation_n of_o those_o enforcement_n alter_v their_o purpose_n and_o entertain_v new_a hope_n which_o make_v good_a that_o say_n timâ—o_n danaos_n &_o dona_fw-la ferentes_fw-la i_o fear_v the_o greek_n even_o when_o they_o bring_v their_o gift_n the_o second_o observation_n second_o 〈◊〉_d we_o may_v observe_v that_o a_o will_n forward_o to_o undergo_v labour_n do_v never_o stick_v at_o any_o difficulty_n nor_o be_v at_o all_o dismay_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o any_o pain_n but_o be_v rather_o redouble_v in_o courage_n and_o industry_n especial_o be_v edge_v on_o with_o a_o desire_n of_o revenge_n polyaenus_n which_o if_o homer_n may_v have_v credit_n do_v always_o add_v a_o three_o part_n to_o a_o man_n strength_n as_o appear_v by_o diomedes_n 5._o be_v hurt_v in_o the_o shoulder_n with_o one_o of_o pindarus_n arrow_n for_o revenge_n whereof_o he_o exceed_v himself_o in_o a_o sesquiterce_n proportion_n of_o valour_n and_o slay_v more_o trojan_n by_o a_o three_o part_n then_o otherwise_o he_o can_v howsoever_o possit_fw-la as_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o hard_a but_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o mind_n so_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o easy_a as_o to_o dispossess_v ourselves_o of_o that_o intent_n care_v which_o be_v requisite_a in_o these_o employment_n for_o these_o roman_n that_o through_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o spirit_n have_v make_v such_o first_o and_o second_o work_n hispanico_fw-la as_o the_o memory_n thereof_o will_v last_v with_o the_o world_n be_v surprise_v when_o they_o lie_v in_o the_o interim_n as_o it_o be_v unbend_v in_o as_o great_a remissness_n and_o neglect_n howsoever_o draw_v unto_o it_o by_o deceit_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v able_a to_o do_v no_o such_o matter_n as_o be_v here_o report_v and_o therefore_o it_o behove_v a_o commander_n to_o keep_v his_o army_n always_o season_v with_o labour_n vegetius_n forasmuch_o as_o exercitus_fw-la labour_v proficit_fw-la otio_fw-la consenescit_fw-la a_o army_n thrive_v by_o employment_n but_o grow_v old_a by_o idleness_n chap._n vii_o varro_n raise_v great_a troop_n to_o maintain_v pompey_n party_n in_o spain_n but_o to_o no_o purpose_n marcus_z varro_z caesar_n in_o the_o further_a province_n of_o spain_n have_v from_o the_o beginning_n understand_v how_o thing_n have_v pass_v in_o italy_n and_o distrust_v how_o matter_n will_v succeed_v with_o pompey_n do_v oftentimes_o give_v out_o very_o friendly_a speech_n of_o caesar_n that_o pompey_n have_v by_o way_n of_o prevention_n gain_v he_o to_o his_o party_n and_o honour_v he_o with_o a_o lieutenancie_n whereby_o he_o be_v oblige_v in_o duty_n to_o he_o howbeit_o in_o his_o particular_a disposition_n he_o stand_v no_o less_o affect_v to_o caesar_n neither_o be_v he_o ignorant_a of_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o legate_n to_o who_o trust_n and_o fidelity_n the_o government_n of_o the_o province_n be_v leave_v obtinebat_fw-la as_o in_o deposito_fw-la upon_o condition_n to_o be_v render_v up_o at_o all_o time_n and_o season_n as_o he_o that_o command_v in_o chief_a shall_v require_v it_o he_o likewise_o know_v very_o well_o what_o his_o own_o force_n be_v and_o what_o be_v the_o affection_n and_o disposition_n of_o all_o the_o country_n towards_o câ—sar_n this_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o all_o his_o speech_n without_o any_o show_n of_o incline_v either_o to_o the_o one_o or_o to_o the_o other_o but_o afterward_o when_o he_o hear_v that_o caesar_n be_v engage_v at_o marscille_n that_o petreius_n force_n be_v join_v with_o afranius_n army_n that_o great_a aide_n be_v come_v unto_o they_o that_o every_o man_n be_v in_o great_a hope_n and_o expectation_n of_o good_a success_n and_o that_o all_o the_o hither_o province_n have_v agree_v together_o to_o undertake_v pompey_n cause_n as_o also_o what_o have_v after_o happen_v concern_v the_o want_n of_o victual_n at_o ileâ—da_n all_o which_o thing_n be_v write_v with_o advantage_n unto_o he_o by_o afranius_n he_o then_o upon_o that_o alteration_n change_v his_o mind_n according_a to_o the_o time_n and_o levy_v soldier_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o province_n and_o have_v raise_v two_o complete_a legion_n he_o add_v unto_o they_o some_o thirty_o cohort_n of_o the_o country_n soldier_n to_o serve_v for_o wing_n to_o the_o army_n and_o gather_v together_o great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n as_o well_o for_o the_o supply_n of_o the_o marsâ—illians_n as_o for_o the_o provision_n of_o petreius_n and_o afranius_n moreover_o he_o command_v they_o of_o gades_n to_o build_v and_o provide_v ten_o galley_n and_o order_v further_o that_o many_o other_o shall_v be_v make_v at_o hispalis_n he_o take_v all_o the_o money_n and_o the_o ornament_n out_o of_o hercules_n temple_n and_o bring_v the_o same_o into_o the_o town_n of_o gades_n and_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o send_v six_o cohort_n out_o of_o the_o province_n to_o keep_v the_o temple_n he_o make_v caius_n gallonius_n a_o roman_a knight_n and_o a_o familiar_a friend_n of_o domitius_n and_o send_v by_o he_o thither_o to_o recover_v some_o matter_n of_o inheritance_n governor_n of_o the_o town_n all_o the_o army_n as_o well_o private_a as_o public_a be_v bring_v into_o gallonius_n house_n he_o himself_o make_v many_o bitter_a invective_n against_o caesar_n affirm_v in_o public_a that_o caesar_n have_v be_v several_a time_n worsted_n and_o that_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v revolt_v from_o he_o and_o be_v come_v to_o afranius_n which_o he_o know_v to_o be_v true_a by_o certain_a and_o approve_a messenger_n the_o roman_a citizen_n reside_v in_o that_o province_n be_v much_o perplex_a and_o affright_v thereat_o be_v thereupon_o constrain_v to_o promise_v he_o 190_o thousand_o sesterce_n in_o ready_a money_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o commonweal_n beside_o twenty_o thousand_o weight_n of_o silver_n together_o with_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n upon_o those_o city_n and_o state_n which_o favour_v caesar_n party_n he_o lay_v great_a imposition_n for_o such_o as_o have_v let_v fall_v speech_n or_o declare_v themselves_o against_o the_o commonweal_n he_o confiscate_v all_o their_o good_n and_o put_v a_o garrison_n upon_o they_o give_v judgement_n himself_o upon_o private_a person_n and_o constrain_a all_o the_o province_n to_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o and_o to_o pompey_n and_o be_v in_o the_o end_n advertise_v what_o have_v happen_v in_o the_o hither_o province_n he_o prepare_v for_o war_n with_o a_o purpose_n to_o dispose_v thereof_o in_o this_o manner_n his_o resolution_n be_v to_o keep_v two_o legion_n with_o he_o at_o gades_n with_o all_o the_o ship_n and_o the_o corn_n for_o know_v that_o the_o whole_a province_n do_v entire_o affect_v caesar_n cause_n he_o think_v it_o best_a and_o easy_a for_o he_o have_v make_v good_a provision_n
that_o a_o commander_n must_v expect_v to_o meet_v with_o time_n wherein_o his_o man_n will_v stand_v in_o danger_n of_o nothing_o so_o much_o as_o their_o own_o infirmity_n be_v trouble_v rather_o with_o strong_a apprehension_n enchirid_a then_o for_o any_o danger_n of_o the_o thing_n fear_v chap._n xii_o curio_n dispute_v the_o matter_n in_o a_o council_n of_o war_n for_o which_o cause_v a_o council_n of_o war_n be_v call_v caesar_n they_o begin_v to_o deliberate_v what_o course_n be_v to_o be_v take_v i_o here_o be_v some_o opinion_n which_o think_v that_o it_o be_v very_o expedient_a to_o assault_v and_o take_v varus_n camp_n for_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o dangerous_a than_o idleness_n for_o the_o breed_n and_o increase_n of_o such_o imagination_n as_o the_o soldier_n have_v conceive_v other_o say_v it_o be_v better_a to_o try_v the_o fortune_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o to_o free_v themselves_o by_o valorous_a endeavour_n rather_o than_o to_o be_v forsake_v and_o abandon_v of_o their_o own_o party_n and_o left_a to_o undergo_v most_o grievous_a and_o extreme_a torment_n there_o be_v other_o which_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o return_v about_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n to_o cornelius_n camp_n that_o by_o interpose_v some_o respite_n of_o time_n the_o soldier_n may_v be_v better_o settle_v and_o confirm_v in_o their_o opinion_n and_o if_o any_o mischance_n further_o happen_v they_o may_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o store_n of_o ship_v with_o more_o ease_n and_o safety_n return_v back_o to_o sicily_n curio_n mislike_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o say_v that_o there_o want_v as_o much_o good_a resolution_n in_o the_o one_o opinion_n as_o abound_v in_o the_o other_o for_o these_o enter_v into_o a_o consideration_n of_o a_o dishonourable_a &_o unbeseeming_a flight_n and_o those_o be_v of_o a_o opinion_n to_o fight_v in_o a_o unequal_a and_o disadvantageous_a place_n for_o with_o what_o hope_n say_v he_o can_v we_o assault_v a_o camp_n so_o fortify_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n or_o what_o have_v we_o gain_v if_o with_o great_a loss_n and_o damage_n solent_fw-la we_o shall_v go_v away_o and_o give_v it_o over_o as_o though_o thing_n well_o and_o happy_o achieve_v do_v not_o get_v to_o the_o commander_n great_a good_a will_n from_o the_o soldier_n and_o thing_n ill_o carry_v as_o much_o hate_n concern_v the_o remove_n of_o our_o camp_n 8._o what_o do_v it_o infer_v but_o a_o shameful_a retreat_n a_o despair_n in_o all_o man_n and_o a_o alienation_n of_o the_o army_n for_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o prudent_a and_o well-advised_a to_o imagine_v that_o they_o be_v disinherit_v nor_o on_o the_o other_o side_n to_o the_o ill-disposed_a that_o they_o be_v redoubt_a or_o fear_v and_o the_o rather_o because_o fear_v in_o this_o kind_n will_v give_v they_o more_o liberty_n to_o do_v ill_a and_o abate_v the_o endeavour_n of_o good_a man_n in_o well_o deserve_v and_o if_o say_v he_o these_o thing_n be_v well_o know_v unto_o we_o already_o that_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o revolt_n and_o alienation_n of_o the_o army_n which_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o think_v either_o to_o be_v altogether_o false_a or_o at_o least_o less_o than_o in_o opinion_n they_o be_v think_v to_o be_v be_v it_o not_o better_a to_o dissemble_v and_o hide_v they_o then_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v strengthen_v and_o confirm_v by_o we_o ought_v we_o not_o as_o we_o do_v hide_v the_o wound_n of_o our_o body_n to_o cover_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o a_o army_n lest_o we_o shall_v minister_v hope_n or_o courage_n to_o the_o adversary_n but_o some_o there_o be_v that_o advise_v to_o set_v forward_o at_o midnight_n to_o the_o end_n as_o i_o imagine_v that_o such_o as_o be_v desirous_a to_o offend_v may_v perform_v it_o with_o more_o scope_n and_o licentiousness_n for_o such_o disorder_n be_v repress_v and_o reform_v either_o with_o shame_n or_o fear_n to_o both_o which_o the_o night_n be_v a_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o as_o i_o be_o not_o of_o that_o courage_n to_o think_v without_o hope_n or_o mean_n that_o the_o enemy_n camp_n be_v to_o be_v assault_v so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n i_o be_o not_o so_o fearful_a as_o to_o be_v want_v in_o that_o which_o be_v fit_v but_o be_o rather_o of_o opinion_n that_o we_o try_v all_o thing_n before_o we_o yield_v to_o that_o and_o do_v assure_v myself_o that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n we_o be_v all_o of_o one_o mind_n concern_v this_o point_n observation_n as_o in_o matter_n of_o geometry_n rectum_fw-la est_fw-la index_n svi_fw-la &_o obliqui_fw-la a_o straight_a line_n manifest_v both_o itself_o and_o a_o crooked_a line_n be_v equal_a to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o rectitude_n and_o unequal_a to_o obliquity_n so_o be_v it_o in_o reason_n and_o discourse_n for_o a_o direct_a and_o well-grounded_n speech_n carry_v such_o a_o native_a equality_n with_o all_o its_o part_n as_o it_o do_v not_o only_o approve_v itself_o to_o be_v level_v at_o that_o which_o be_v most_o fit_a but_o show_v also_o what_o be_v indirect_a and_o crooked_a concern_v the_o same_o matter_n and_o be_v of_o that_o consequence_n in_o the_o variety_n of_o project_n and_o opinion_n divinissimum_fw-la and_o so_o hardly_o hit_v upon_o in_o the_o lame_a discourse_n of_o common_a reason_n that_o plato_n think_v it_o a_o piece_n of_o divine_a power_n to_o direct_v a_o path_n free_a from_o the_o crookedness_n of_o error_n which_o may_v lead_v the_o straight_a and_o ready_a way_n to_o happy_a end_n opponitur_fw-la and_o the_o rather_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o matter_n of_o debate_n there_o be_v no_o word_n so_o weighty_a but_o do_v seem_v balance_v with_o other_o of_o equal_a consideration_n seâ—â—_n as_o here_o it_o happen_v philos_fw-la from_o those_o that_o point_v at_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o distemperature_n 4._o convict_a idleness_n for_o the_o author_n of_o their_o variable_a and_o unsettled_a mind_n and_o as_o cyrop_n xenophon_n have_v observe_v very_o hard_o to_o be_v endure_v in_o one_o man_n much_o worse_o in_o a_o whole_a family_n but_o no_o way_n sufferable_a in_o a_o army_n which_o the_o roman_n call_v exercitus_fw-la ab_fw-la exercitio_fw-la from_o exercise_n for_o remedy_v whereof_o they_o propound_v labour_n without_o hope_n of_o gain_n and_o such_o service_n as_o can_v bring_v forth_o nothing_o but_o loss_n other_o prefer_v security_n before_o all_o other_o course_n as_o believe_v with_o livy_n 22._o that_o captain_n shall_v never_o trust_v fortune_n further_o than_o necessity_n constrain_v they_o persuade_v a_o retreat_n to_o a_o place_n of_o safety_n but_o upon_o dishonourable_a term_n which_o unevennesse_n of_o opinion_n curio_n make_v straight_o by_o a_o excellent_a maxim_n in_o this_o kind_n think_v it_o convenient_a to_o hold_v such_o a_o course_n as_o may_v neither_o give_v honest_a man_n cause_n of_o distrust_n nor_o wicked_a man_n to_o think_v they_o be_v fear_v for_o so_o he_o shall_v be_v sure_a in_o good_a term_n of_o honour_n neither_o to_o discourage_v the_o better_a sort_n nor_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o ill-affected_a to_o do_v worse_o and_o thus_o wind_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o labyrinth_n of_o word_n as_o know_v that_o to_o be_v true_a of_o annius_n the_o praetor_n that_o 3â—_n it_o more_o import_v occasion_n to_o do_v then_o to_o say_v be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o fit_a word_n to_o thing_n unfold_v &_o resolve_v upon_o he_o break_v up_o the_o council_n chap._n xiii_o curio_n call_v a_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o speak_v unto_o they_o concern_v their_o fear_n and_o retraction_n the_o council_n be_v rise_v caesar_n he_o give_v order_n for_o a_o convocation_n of_o the_o army_n and_o there_o call_v to_o remembrance_n what_o they_o have_v do_v for_o caesar_n at_o confinium_fw-la how_o by_o their_o favour_n and_o furtherance_n he_o have_v gain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o italy_n to_o be_v on_o his_o side_n for_o by_o you_o say_v he_o and_o by_o your_o endeavour_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o municipal_a town_n be_v draw_v to_o follow_v caesar_n and_o there_o fore_o not_o without_o just_a cause_n do_v he_o at_o that_o time_n repose_v great_a assurance_n in_o your_o affection_n towards_o he_o and_o the_o adverse_a party_n conceive_v as_o great_a indignation_n &_o spite_n against_o you_o for_o pompey_n be_v not_o force_v away_o by_o any_o battle_n but_o be_v prejudice_v by_o your_o act_n he_o quit_v italy_n caesar_n have_v recommend_v i_o who_o he_o hold_v near_o unto_o himself_o together_o with_o the_o province_n of_o sicily_n and_o africa_n without_o which_o he_o can_v defend_v the_o city_n and_o italy_n to_o your_o trust_n and_o fidelity_n there_o be_v some_o which_o solicit_v and_o persuade_v you_o to_o revolt_v from_o my_o command_n for_o what_o can_v they_o wish_v or_o desire_v more_o then_o to_o make_v
per_fw-la cent._n dodrans_n 9_o bes_z 8._o septunx_fw-la usura_fw-la 7._o semis_fw-la 6._o quincunx_fw-la 5._o triens_fw-la 4._o quadrant_n 3._o sextans_fw-la 2._o unciaria_n one_o in_o the_o hundred_o offic_n howbeit_o cato_n condemn_v all_o kind_n of_o usury_n for_o be_v demand_v quid_fw-la maxim_n in_o re_fw-mi familiari_fw-la expediret_fw-la respondit_fw-la bene_fw-la pascere_fw-la quid_fw-la secundum_fw-la satis_fw-la bene_fw-la pascere_fw-la quid_fw-la tertium_fw-la be_v vestire_fw-la quid_fw-la quartum_fw-la arare_fw-la et_fw-la cum_fw-la ille_fw-la qui_fw-la quaesierat_fw-la dixisset_fw-la quid_fw-la foenerari_fw-la quid_fw-la hominem_fw-la inquit_fw-la occidere_fw-la what_o be_v the_o most_o expedient_a thing_n in_o householdry_n answer_v good_a diet_n what_o the_o second_o enough_o good_a diet_n what_o the_o three_o good_a clothes_n what_o the_o four_o plough_v and_o when_o he_o that_o question_v he_o thus_o say_v what_o think_v you_o of_o take_v use_n 10._o he_o reply_v what_o be_v it_o to_o kill_v a_o man_n allow_v as_o it_o seem_v no_o mean_n of_o get_v money_n but_o those_o which_o aristotle_n take_v to_o be_v most_o agree_v to_o nature_n which_o be_v from_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o our_o cattle_n with_o such_o other_o course_n as_o be_v answerable_a thereunto_o chap._n ii_o a_o particular_a view_n of_o pompey_n force_n in_o the_o accomplish_n of_o these_o thing_n caesar_n as_o also_o celebrate_v the_o latin_a holiday_n and_o hold_v the_o assembly_n of_o the_o people_n have_v spend_v eleven_o day_n he_o give_v over_o his_o dictatorship_n leave_v the_o city_n and_o come_v to_o brundisium_n for_o he_o have_v command_v seven_o legion_n and_o all_o his_o cavalry_n to_o repair_v thither_o howbeit_o he_o find_v no_o more_o ship_v ready_a then_o will_v hardly_o transport_v fifteen_o thousand_o legionary_a soldier_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n the_o want_n of_o ship_v seem_v to_o hinder_v he_o from_o bring_v the_o war_n to_o a_o speedy_a end_n moreover_o those_o force_n which_o be_v ship_v be_v but_o weak_a in_o regard_n that_o many_o of_o they_o be_v lose_v in_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n and_o lessen_v likewise_o by_o their_o long_a journey_n out_o of_o spain_n beside_o that_o the_o unwholesome_a autumn_n in_o apulia_n and_o about_o brundisium_n have_v make_v the_o whole_a army_n ill_o dispose_v be_v new_o come_v out_o of_o the_o sweet_a air_n of_o gallia_n and_o spain_n pompey_n have_v have_v a_o year_n space_n to_o provide_v himself_o of_o man_n and_o munition_n and_o neither_o war_n nor_o enemy_n to_o trouble_v he_o have_v get_v together_o a_o great_a navy_n out_o of_o asia_n from_o the_o cyclade_fw-la isle_n corcyra_n athens_n pontus_n bythinia_n syria_n cilicia_n phoenicia_n and_o egypt_n and_o have_v cause_v another_o as_o great_a a_o fleet_n to_o be_v build_v in_o all_o place_n fit_a for_o that_o purpose_n have_v raise_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n out_o of_o asia_n and_o syria_n and_o of_o all_o the_o king_n dynaste_n tetrarch_n and_o free_a state_n of_o achaia_n and_o have_v likewise_o compel_v the_o corporation_n of_o those_o province_n to_o contribute_v the_o like_a sum_n he_o have_v enroll_v nine_o legion_n of_o roman_a citizen_n five_o which_o he_o have_v transport_v out_o of_o italy_n one_o old_a legion_n out_o of_o sicily_n which_o be_v compound_v and_o make_v of_o two_o he_o call_v the_o â—win_n gen_n one_o out_o of_o crect_n and_o macedoniaâ—old_a â—old_z soldier_n who_o be_v discharge_v by_o 〈…〉_z those_o province_n and_o 〈…〉_z of_o asia_n which_o lentulus_n the_o consul_n have_v cause_v to_o be_v enroll_v beside_o he_o have_v distribute_v among_o those_o legion_n under_o the_o 〈…〉_z supply_v a_o great_a number_n of_o thessaly_n 〈…〉_z and_o epirus_n among_o these_o he_o have_v mingle_v antonie_n soldier_n and_o beside_o these_o he_o expect_v to_o be_v bring_v by_o scipio_n out_o of_o syria_n two_o legion_n of_o archer_n out_o of_o crete_n lacedaemon_n pontus_n and_o syria_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n he_o have_v 3000_o six_o cohort_n of_o slinger_n two_o mercenary_a &_o 7000_o horse_n whereof_o deiotarus_n have_v bring_v 600_o gall_n ariobarzanes_n 500_o out_o of_o cappadocia_n cotus_n out_o of_o thracia_n have_v send_v the_o like_a number_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o his_o son_n sadalis_n from_o macedonia_n come_v 200_o command_v by_o rascipolis_n a_o captain_n of_o great_a fame_n and_o virtue_n from_o alexandria_n come_v 500_o part_n gall_n and_o part_n german_n which_o a._n gabinius_n have_v leave_v there_o with_o king_n ptolemy_n to_o defend_v the_o town_n pompey_n the_o son_n have_v bring_v with_o the_o navy_n 800_o of_o his_o shepherd_n and_o servant_n tarcondarius_n castor_n and_o donilaus_n have_v send_v three_o hundred_o out_o of_o gallograecia_n of_o who_o one_o come_v himself_o and_o the_o other_o send_v his_o son_n two_o hundred_o be_v send_v out_o of_o syria_n by_o comagenus_n of_o antioch_n who_o pompey_n have_v present_v with_o great_a gift_n most_o of_o which_o be_v arbalestrier_n on_o horseback_n to_o these_o be_v add_v dardan_n and_o bessi_n partly_o for_o pay_v and_o entertainment_n and_o partly_o get_v by_o command_n or_o favour_n beside_o macedonian_n thessalian_n and_o of_o divers_a other_o nation_n and_o city_n insomuch_o as_o he_o fill_v up_o the_o number_n former_o speak_v of_o he_o provide_v great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n out_o of_o thessaly_n asia_n crete_n cyrene_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o those_o region_n he_o determine_v to_o winter_n at_o dyrrachium_fw-la apollonia_n and_o all_o the_o maritime_a town_n to_o keep_v caesar_n from_o pass_v the_o sea_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o have_v lay_v and_o dispose_v his_o navy_n all_o along_o the_o sea-coast_n pompey_n the_o son_n be_v admiral_n of_o the_o egyptian_a ship_n d._n laelius_n and_o c._n triarius_n of_o those_o that_o come_v out_o of_o asia_n c._n cassius_n command_v they_o of_o syria_n and_o c._n marcellus_n with_o c._n pomponius_n the_o ship_n of_o rhodes_n scribonius_n libo_n and_o m._n octavius_n have_v charge_n of_o the_o liburnian_a and_o achaean_n navy_n howbeit_o m._n bibulus_n command_v in_o chief_a in_o all_o sea_n cause_n and_o to_o he_o be_v leave_v the_o superintendency_n of_o the_o admiralty_n the_o first_o observation_n concern_v these_o latinae_fw-la feriae_fw-la feriae_fw-la it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v two_o sort_n of_o feriae_fw-la or_o holiday_n the_o one_o call_v annal_n which_o come_v always_o to_o be_v keep_v on_o a_o certain_a day_n and_o thereupon_o be_v call_v anniversarii_n or_o yearly_a the_o other_o conceptivae_fw-la which_o be_v arbitrary_a and_o solemnize_v upon_o such_o day_n as_o the_o magistrate_n and_o priest_n think_v most_o expedient_a whereof_o these_o latinae_fw-la feriae_fw-la be_v chief_a and_o be_v keep_v on_o mount_n alban_n to_o jupiter_n latiar_n or_o latialis_n for_o the_o health_n and_o preservation_n of_o all_o the_o latin_a people_n in_o league_n and_o confederacy_n with_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o be_v solemnize_v in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o truce_n between_o those_o two_o nation_n during_o which_o feast_n the_o roman_n hold_v it_o unlawful_a to_o make_v any_o war_n the_o sacrifice_n be_v a_o white_a bull_n kill_v and_o offer_v by_o the_o consul_n and_o the_o flesh_n distribute_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o latium_n according_a to_o a_o ancient_a treaty_n of_o alliance_n between_o they_o engrave_v for_o a_o perpetual_a memory_n in_o a_o column_n of_o brass_n the_o particular_n whereof_o be_v express_v at_o large_a by_o dionysius_n halicarnasseus_n rom._n the_o second_o observation_n the_o second_o thing_n come_v to_o be_v note_v be_v the_o view_n take_v of_o pompey_n force_n which_o be_v nine_o complete_a legion_n beside_o the_o supply_n here_o particular_o mention_v send_v from_o such_o as_o bare_a affection_n to_o that_o party_n and_o by_o indifferent_a calculation_n may_v amount_v in_o all_o to_o near_o about_o threescore_o thousand_o man_n together_o with_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o country_n where_o the_o trial_n be_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o stroke_n of_o war._n in_o which_o muster_n be_v the_o soldier_n of_o c._n antonius_n who_o misfortune_n these_o commentary_n have_v either_o willing_o forget_v or_o some_o other_o chance_n have_v wipe_v it_o clean_o out_o 2_o howbeit_o florus_n have_v it_o record_v that_o caesar_n have_v send_v dolabella_n and_o antonius_n to_o seize_v upon_o the_o straits_n and_o entrance_n of_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n the_o one_o take_v hold_v of_o the_o coast_n of_o sclavonia_n and_o the_o other_o near_o unto_o corfu_n when_o upon_o a_o sudden_a come_v octavius_n and_o pompey_n lieutenant_n and_o with_o great_a force_n they_o have_v aboard_o their_o ship_n surprise_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o whereby_o antonius_n be_v constrain_v to_o yield_v up_o fifteen_o company_n which_o be_v these_o soldier_n of_o antonius_n hear_v mention_v rascipolis_n or_o rascupolis_n be_v a_o thracian_a of_o great_a fame_n that_o
the_o turkish_a sultan_n and_o confirm_v the_o same_o by_o a_o oath_n take_v upon_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n do_v nevertheless_o at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o julian_n a_o cardinal_n who_o take_v upon_o he_o by_o power_n from_o the_o pope_n to_o disannul_v the_o league_n and_o absolve_v he_o from_o the_o oath_n break_v the_o peace_n and_o give_v battle_n to_o amurath_n at_o varna_n where_o the_o infidel_n take_v occasion_n impious_o to_o blaspheme_v in_o call_v for_o vengeance_n on_o such_o as_o in_o their_o deed_n have_v deny_v the_o godhead_n of_o their_o most_o sacred_a &_o bless_a lord_n and_o be_v there_o slay_v to_o the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o the_o reproach_n of_o christian_a name_n neither_o do_v the_o cardinal_n escape_v the_o vengeance_n which_o his_o treachery_n have_v draw_v upon_o that_o royal_a army_n but_o be_v there_o wound_v unto_o death_n be_v find_v lie_v in_o the_o high_a way_n by_o gregory_n sanose_n ready_a to_o give_v up_o the_o ghost_n and_o seem_v but_o to_o stay_v to_o take_v with_o he_o the_o bitter_a curse_n of_o such_o as_o pass_v by_o fly_v from_o the_o battle_n as_o the_o due_a reward_n of_o his_o perfidious_a absolution_n the_o second_o observation_n in_o case_n of_o difficulty_n and_o hazard_n as_o caesar_n note_v there_o be_v always_o great_a help_n in_o a_o good_a courage_n potest_fw-la for_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o good_a hap_n attend_v a_o valorous_a carriage_n or_o that_o virtue_n be_v able_a to_o remove_v all_o opposition_n gerendum_fw-la or_o what_o other_o cause_n there_o be_v beside_o but_o thus_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o such_o as_o entertain_v a_o noble_a resolution_n be_v ever_o safe_a in_o extremity_n of_o peril_n and_o instead_o of_o loss_n get_v honour_n and_o renown_n brasidas_n find_v a_o mouse_n among_o dry_a fig_n plutarch_n which_o bite_v he_o so_o that_o he_o let_v she_o go_v &_o thereupon_o say_v to_o those_o that_o stand_v by_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o little_a that_o can_v not_o save_v itself_o if_o it_o have_v a_o heart_n to_o defend_v itself_o against_o such_o as_o assault_v it_o and_o herein_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o to_o be_v true_a which_o the_o poet_n have_v deliver_v metamer_n seris_fw-la venit_fw-la usus_fw-la ab_fw-la annis_fw-la time_n and_o practice_n do_v much_o avail_v to_o perfect_v this_o courage_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n of_o war_n as_o know_v aforehand_o the_o weight_n of_o such_o labour_n and_o have_v encounter_v the_o like_a danger_n even_o to_o the_o redeem_n of_o themselves_o from_o the_o jaw_n of_o death_n 〈…〉_z whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o comic_a say_v no_o man_n can_v possible_o come_v so_o well_o furnish_v to_o any_o course_n of_o life_n but_o that_o time_n and_o experience_n do_v always_o teach_v he_o what_o he_o know_v not_o before_o whereas_o other_o that_o go_v raw_o to_o work_v be_v so_o daunt_v with_o the_o unusual_a look_n of_o war_n as_o they_o forget_v the_o profession_n of_o arm_n do_v run_v headlong_o into_o the_o danger_n they_o seek_v to_o avoid_v be_v able_a to_o give_v no_o other_o account_n of_o their_o service_n tâ—ren_n but_o that_o they_o march_v many_o body_n viâ—i_fw-la and_o but_o a_o few_o men._n the_o three_o observation_n 7._o plutarch_n valerius_n maximus_n appian_n suetonius_n &_o lucan_n do_v all_o write_v that_o caesar_n impatient_a of_o the_o slay_n of_o his_o force_n at_o brundu_n sium_fw-la embark_v himself_o in_o a_o small_a frigate_n of_o twelve_o oar_n destiny_n disguise_v in_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o slave_n and_o put_v to_o sea_n to_o fetch_v his_o legion_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o coast_n swarm_v with_o the_o enemy_n ship_v but_o meet_v with_o a_o contrary_a wind_n which_o will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o get_v out_o of_o the_o river_n anius_n the_o master_n command_v the_o mariner_n to_o cast_v about_o and_o get_v to_o shore_n whereupon_o caesar_n discover_v himself_o encourage_v he_o to_o go_v forward_o for_o that_o he_o carry_v caesar_n and_o his_o fortune_n the_o master_n forget_v all_o danger_n make_v out_o again_o to_o get_v to_o sea_n but_o be_v by_o force_n of_o the_o tempest_n drive_v to_o return_v to_o caesar_n great_a grief_n and_o albeit_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v hereof_o in_o these_o commentary_n yet_o the_o authority_n of_o so_o many_o grave_a author_n be_v not_o to_o be_v contemn_v chap._n x._o caesar_n haste_v to_o meet_v with_o antonius_n and_o prevent_v pompey_n caesar_n and_o pompey_n have_v both_o intelligence_n almost_o at_o one_o instant_a of_o time_n of_o antonius_n fleet_n caesar_n for_o they_o see_v they_o pass_v by_o apollonia_n and_o dyrrachium_fw-la and_o direct_v their_o journey_n along_o the_o coast_n after_o they_o but_o they_o understand_v not_o for_o a_o while_n where_o they_o be_v land_v howbeit_o have_v notice_n thereof_o either_o of_o they_o take_v a_o contrary_a resolution_n for_o caesar_n purpose_v to_o join_v with_o antonius_n assoon_o as_o possible_o he_o may_v and_o pompey_n resolve_v to_o hinder_v their_o meeting_n and_o by_o ambushment_n if_o he_o can_v to_o set_v upon_o they_o at_o unaware_o the_o same_o day_n either_o of_o they_o draw_v their_o army_n out_o of_o their_o stand_a camp_n upon_o the_o river_n apsus_n pompey_n secret_o and_o by_o night_n caesar_n open_o and_o by_o day_n but_o caesar_n have_v the_o great_a circuit_n to_o fetch_v and_o a_o long_a journey_n to_o go_v up_o the_o river_n to_o find_v a_o ford_n pompey_n have_v a_o ready_a way_n and_o no_o river_n to_o pass_v make_v towards_o antonius_n by_o great_a journey_n and_o when_o he_o understand_v that_o he_o come_v near_o unto_o he_o choose_v a_o convenient_a place_n and_o there_o bestow_v his_o force_n keep_v every_o man_n within_o the_o camp_n and_o forbid_v fire_n to_o be_v make_v that_o his_o come_n may_v be_v the_o more_o hide_a whereof_o antonius_n be_v present_o advertise_v by_o the_o greek_n he_o dispatch_v messenger_n to_o caesar_n and_o keep_v himself_o one_o day_n within_o his_o camp_n the_o next_o day_n caesar_n come_v unto_o he_o upon_o notice_n thereof_o pompey_n leave_v that_o place_n lest_o he_o shall_v be_v entrap_v between_o two_o army_n and_o come_v with_o all_o his_o force_n to_o asparagus_n which_o appertain_v to_o they_o of_o dyrrachium_fw-la and_o there_o in_o a_o convenient_a place_n pitch_v his_o camp_n observation_n where_o two_o army_n be_v in_o a_o country_n and_o one_o of_o they_o have_v succour_n come_v to_o renforce_v they_o each_o of_o those_o party_n be_v by_o the_o example_n of_o these_o glorious_a commander_n caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la to_o make_v towards_o those_o succour_n the_o one_o to_o cut_v they_o off_o and_o the_o other_o to_o keep_v they_o stand_v and_o to_o that_o end_n as_o it_o suit_v pompey_n condition_n to_o go_v secret_o howsoever_o caesar_n note_v it_o as_o a_o touch_n to_o his_o valour_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o stand_v not_o only_o well_o enough_o with_o caesar_n party_n to_o go_v open_o but_o also_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o his_o courage_n and_o magnanimity_n and_o may_v raise_v he_o estimation_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o greek_n the_o disadvantage_n which_o pompey_n can_v take_v thereby_o be_v the_o danger_n to_o be_v enclose_v with_o army_n which_o he_o foresee_v avoid_v chap._n xi_o scipio_n preparation_n in_o asia_n to_o come_v into_o greece_n to_o assist_v pompey_n about_o this_o time_n scipio_n caesar_n have_v sustain_v divers_a loss_n near_o the_o mount_n amanus_n cilicia_n do_v nevertheless_o call_v himself_o by_o the_o name_n of_o imperator_n and_o thereupon_o command_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o be_v levy_v of_o the_o city_n and_o potentate_n of_o those_o quarter_n take_v from_o the_o general_a receiver_n of_o that_o province_n all_o the_o money_n that_o be_v in_o their_o hand_n for_o two_o year_n past_a and_o command_v they_o to_o disburse_v by_o way_n of_o loan_n the_o receipt_n for_o the_o year_n to_o come_v and_o require_v horseman_n to_o be_v levy_v throughout_o all_o the_o province_n have_v gather_v these_o together_o he_o leave_v the_o parthian_n be_v near_o enemy_n unto_o he_o who_o a_o little_a before_o have_v slay_v m._n crassus_n the_o general_n and_o besiege_v m._n bibulus_n and_o draw_v the_o legion_n out_o of_o syria_n be_v send_v special_o thither_o to_o keep_v and_o settle_v that_o province_n much_o amuze_v through_o fear_n of_o the_o parthian_a war_n at_o his_o departure_n some_o speech_n be_v give_v out_o by_o the_o soldier_n that_o if_o they_o be_v lead_v against_o a_o enemy_n they_o will_v go_v but_o against_o a_o citizen_n and_o consul_n they_o will_v not_o bear_v arm_n the_o army_n be_v bring_v to_o pergamus_n and_o there_o garrison_v for_o that_o winter_n in_o divers_a rich_a city_n he_o distribute_v great_a largess_n and_o gift_n and_o for_o the_o better_a assure_v of_o the_o soldier_n unto_o he_o give_v
other_o at_o rhodes_n for_o as_o many_o as_o flee_v thither_o after_o pompey_n and_o come_v unto_o the_o island_n be_v neither_o receive_v into_o the_o town_n nor_o into_o the_o haven_n but_o be_v command_v by_o messenger_n send_v unto_o they_o to_o depart_v from_o thence_o and_o force_v to_o weigh_v anchor_n against_o their_o will_n and_o now_o the_o fame_n of_o caesar_n come_n be_v spread_v abroad_o throughout_o all_o the_o city_n whereupon_o pompey_n leave_v off_o his_o purpose_n of_o go_v into_o syria_n have_v take_v what_o money_n he_o find_v in_o bank_n beside_o what_o he_o can_v borrow_v of_o his_o private_a friend_n and_o put_v abroad_o great_a store_n of_o brass_n for_o the_o use_n of_o war_n with_o two_o thousand_o arm_a man_n which_o he_o have_v raise_v partly_o out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o partly_o have_v force_v up_o among_o the_o merchant_n and_o such_o other_o of_o his_o follower_n who_o he_o think_v fit_a for_o this_o business_n he_o come_v to_o pelusium_n there_o by_o chance_n be_v king_n ptolemy_n a_o child_n within_o year_n with_o great_a force_n make_v war_n against_o his_o sister_n cleopatra_n who_o a_o few_o month_n before_o by_o mean_n of_o his_o ally_n and_o friend_n he_o have_v thrust_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o cleopatra_n camp_n be_v not_o far_o distant_a from_o he_o pompey_n send_v unto_o he_o that_o in_o regard_n of_o ancient_a hospitality_n and_o the_o amity_n he_o have_v with_o his_o father_n he_o may_v be_v receive_v into_o alexandria_n and_o that_o he_o will_v aid_v and_o support_v he_o with_o his_o wealth_n and_o mean_n be_v now_o fall_v into_o misery_n and_o calamity_n but_o they_o that_o be_v send_v have_v do_v their_o message_n begin_v to_o speak_v liberal_o to_o the_o king_n souldâ—ers_n and_o to_o exhort_v they_o that_o they_o will_v stand_v to_o pompey_n not_o despise_v the_o low_a ebb_n of_o fortune_n he_o be_v bring_v to_o among_o they_o be_v many_o that_o have_v be_v pompey_n soldier_n which_o gabinius_n have_v receive_v out_o of_o his_o army_n in_o syria_n and_o have_v bring_v they_o to_o alexandria_n and_o upon_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n have_v leave_v they_o with_o ptolemy_n the_o father_n of_o this_o child_n these_o thing_n be_v know_v such_o as_o have_v the_o procuration_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o boy_n whether_o they_o be_v induce_v through_o fear_n of_o gain_v the_o army_n as_o afterward_o they_o confess_v whereby_o pompey_n may_v easy_o seize_v upon_o alexandria_n and_o egypt_n or_o whether_o despise_v his_o fortune_n as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o time_n of_o misery_n a_o man_n friend_n do_v become_v his_o enemy_n do_v give_v a_o good_a answer_n public_o to_o such_o as_o be_v send_v and_o will_v he_o to_o come_v unto_o the_o king_n but_o secret_o plot_v among_o themselves_o send_v achillas_n a_o chief_a commander_n and_o a_o man_n of_o singular_a audacity_n together_o with_o l._n septimius_n tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n to_o kill_v pompey_n they_o giving_z he_o good_a word_n and_o he_o himself_o also_o know_v septimius_n to_o have_v lead_v a_o company_n under_o he_o in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o pâ—rats_n go_v aboard_o a_o little_a bark_n with_o a_o few_o of_o his_o soldier_n and_o there_o be_v slay_v by_o achillas_n and_o septimius_n in_o like_a manner_n l._n lentulus_n be_v apprehend_v by_o commandment_n from_o the_o king_n and_o kill_v in_o prison_n the_o first_o observation_n if_o it_o be_v now_o demand_v where_o be_v caesar_n desire_n of_o peace_n and_o why_o pursue_v he_o not_o a_o treaty_n of_o composition_n at_o this_o time_n when_o as_o his_o tale_n will_v have_v be_v hear_v with_o gladness_n and_o any_o condition_n of_o atonement_n very_o acceptable_a to_o the_o vanquish_a the_o answer_n be_v already_o make_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o commentary_n that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o time_n of_o make_v peace_n &_o that_o be_v when_o both_o party_n be_v equal_a which_o be_v now_o past_a and_o caesar_n too_o far_o go_v to_o look_v back_o upon_o any_o thing_n that_o may_v work_v a_o reconcilement_n the_o one_o be_v creep_v so_o high_a and_o the_o other_o cast_v down_o so_o low_a that_o they_o seem_v not_o compatible_a in_o any_o medium_fw-la although_o it_o be_v to_o the_o save_n of_o the_o empire_n howbeit_o it_o be_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o pompey_n give_v great_a occasion_n of_o these_o war_n polit._n for_o seneca_n say_v he_o have_v bring_v the_o commonwealth_n to_o that_o pass_n that_o it_o can_v not_o long_o stand_v but_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o servitude_n and_o he_o that_o will_v look_v into_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o confusion_n shall_v find_v all_o those_o causae_fw-la corrumpente_n or_o ruine_v cause_n which_o be_v note_v by_o aristotle_n to_o threaten_v the_o welfare_n of_o a_o state_n in_o the_o excess_n of_o pompey_n exorbitancy_n delphos_n for_o have_v nothing_o in_o a_o mean_a he_o hold_v all_o his_o fortune_n by_o the_o tenure_n of_o nimium_fw-la and_o be_v overgrow_v first_o with_o too_o much_o honour_n second_o with_o too_o much_o wealth_n three_o with_o too_o much_o power_n whereby_o he_o exceed_v the_o proportion_n of_o his_o fellow-citizen_n and_o soblemish_v the_o beauty_n of_o that_o state_n who_o chief_a grace_n be_v in_o a_o suit_v equality_n machiav_n and_o add_v to_o these_o the_o convulsion_n of_o fear_n he_o make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o engage_v rome_n in_o a_o bloody_a war_n as_o have_v no_o other_o hope_n but_o in_o the_o confusion_n of_o arms._n it_o be_v say_v that_o at_o his_o arrival_n at_o mitylene_n he_o have_v much_o conference_n with_o cratippus_n who_o tully_n mention_v in_o his_o office_n wherein_o among_o other_o remonstrance_n the_o philosopher_n make_v it_o plain_a that_o his_o course_n of_o government_n have_v bring_v a_o necessity_n of_o change_v that_o state_n from_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n to_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o just_a monarchy_n approbart_n and_o such_o it_o sell_v to_o caesar_n fortune_n if_o there_o be_v any_o error_n commit_v in_o the_o seizure_n he_o may_v take_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o general_a pardon_n exemplify_v by_o trebellius_n pollio_n that_o no_o nation_n can_v show_v a_o man_n that_o be_v altogether_o blameless_a the_o second_o observation_n concern_v the_o state_n of_o egypt_n we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o alexander_n the_o great_a be_v cut_v off_o by_o death_n his_o captain_n lay_v hold_v upon_o such_o province_n and_o kingdom_n as_o be_v under_o their_o command_n among_o who_o one_o ptolemeus_a the_o son_n of_o lagus_n a_o macedonian_a seize_v upon_o egypt_n where_o he_o reign_v 40_o year_n and_o of_o he_o be_v all_o his_o successor_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o ptolemy_n this_o first_o ptolemy_n possess_v himself_o of_o egypt_n about_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n 3640_o which_o be_v 275_o year_n before_o pompey_n overthrow_n his_o son_n that_o succeed_v by_o the_o name_n of_o ptolemy_n philadelphus_n cause_v the_o bible_n to_o be_v translate_v out_o of_o hebrew_n into_o greek_a by_o 70_o interpreter_n which_o be_v call_v the_o septuagint_n and_o make_v the_o famous_a library_n which_o be_v burn_v in_o these_o war_n the_o father_n of_o this_o young_a ptolemy_n be_v the_o nine_o in_o succession_n from_o the_o first_o and_o at_o his_o death_n make_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n tutor_n to_o his_o child_n his_o elder_a son_n and_o cleopatra_n his_o daughter_n reign_v together_o six_o year_n but_o in_o the_o end_n fall_v to_o strife_n and_o war_n and_o be_v deep_o engage_v therein_o when_o pompey_n arrive_v but_o short_o after_o caesar_n so_o order_v the_o difference_n that_o he_o set_v the_o crown_n upon_o cleopatra_n head_n who_o hold_v it_o peaceable_o until_o she_o come_v to_o play_v that_o tragical_a part_n with_o antony_n which_o be_v end_v the_o kingdom_n be_v then_o reduce_v to_o a_o province_n under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n concern_v this_o miserable_a end_n of_o pompey_n it_o be_v true_o say_v of_o seneca_n 67._o that_o death_n be_v alike_o to_o all_o for_o although_o the_o way_n be_v divers_a by_o which_o it_o happen_v yet_o they_o all_o meet_v in_o the_o same_o end_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o plutarch_n have_v describe_v particular_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o catastrophe_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o insert_v his_o relation_n thereof_o when_o pompey_n hear_v news_n that_o king_n ptolemy_n be_v in_o the_o city_n of_o pelusium_n with_o his_o army_n rompeii_n make_v war_n against_o his_o sister_n he_o go_v thither_o and_o send_v a_o messenger_n before_o unto_o the_o king_n to_o advertise_v he_o of_o his_o arrival_n and_o to_o entreat_v he_o to_o receive_v he_o king_n ptolemy_n be_v then_o but_o a_o young_a man_n insomuch_o that_o one_o photinus_n govern_v all_o the_o whole_a realm_n under_o he_o he_o assemble_v a_o
equal_a condition_n which_o happen_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o passage_n and_o a_o few_o of_o each_o side_n be_v slay_v caesar_n take_v in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v most_o convenient_a for_o he_o &_o fortify_v they_o in_o the_o night_n in_o this_o quarter_n of_o the_o town_n be_v contain_v a_o little_a part_n of_o the_o king_n house_n wherein_o he_o himself_o at_o his_o first_o arrival_n be_v appoint_v to_o lodge_v and_o a_o theatre_n join_v to_o the_o house_n which_o be_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o castle_n and_o have_v a_o passage_n to_o the_o port_n and_o to_o other_o part_n of_o road._n the_o day_n follow_v he_o increase_v these_o fortification_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v have_v they_o as_o a_o wall_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o thereby_o need_v not_o fight_v against_o his_o will_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o young_a daughter_n of_o king_n ptolemey_n hope_v to_o obtain_v the_o crown_n now_o in_o question_n find_v mean_n to_o convey_v herself_o out_o of_o the_o king_n house_n to_o achillas_n and_o both_o joint_o together_o undertake_v the_o manage_n of_o that_o war_n but_o present_o there_o grow_v a_o controversy_n between_o they_o who_o shall_v command_v in_o chief_a which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a largess_n and_o reward_n to_o the_o soldier_n either_o of_o they_o be_v at_o great_a charge_n and_o expense_n to_o gain_v their_o good_a will_n while_o the_o enemy_n be_v busy_v in_o these_o thing_n photinus_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o young_a king_n &_o superintendent_n of_o the_o kingdom_n on_o caesar_n party_n send_v messenger_n to_o achillas_n exhort_v he_o not_o to_o desist_v in_o the_o business_n or_o to_o be_v discourage_v upon_o the_o discover_n and_o apprehension_n of_o which_o messenger_n caesar_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v slay_v and_o these_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a war_n observation_n pharus_n be_v a_o little_a island_n in_o the_o sea_n over_o against_o alexandria_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o ptolemy_n philadelph_n build_v a_o tower_n of_o a_o exceed_a height_n all_o of_o white_a marble_n it_o contain_v many_o stage_n and_o have_v in_o the_o top_n many_o great_a lantern_n to_o keep_v light_n in_o the_o night_n for_o a_o mark_n to_o such_o as_o be_v at_o sea_n the_o architector_n ingrave_v thereupon_o this_o inscription_n sostrate_v gâ—â—idius_n the_o son_n of_o dexiphanes_n to_o the_o god_n conservator_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o navigatour_n it_o be_v reckon_v for_o one_o of_o the_o seven_o wonder_n of_o the_o world_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v the_o temple_n of_o diana_n at_o ephesus_n the_o second_o be_v the_o sepulchre_n which_o artemisia_n queen_n of_o caria_n make_v for_o her_o husband_n mausolus_n who_o ash_n she_o drink_v the_o three_o be_v the_o colossus_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o rhodes_n the_o four_o be_v the_o wall_n of_o babylon_n the_o five_o be_v the_o pyramid_n of_o egypt_n the_o six_o be_v the_o image_n of_o jupiter_n olympius_n at_o elis_n which_o be_v make_v by_o phidias_n and_o contain_v threescore_o cubit_n in_o height_n and_o be_v all_o of_o ivory_n and_o pure_a gold_n and_o the_o seven_o be_v this_o pharus_n finis_fw-la a_o continuation_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n begin_v where_o caesar_n leave_v and_o deduce_v the_o history_n to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n write_a by_o a._n hirtius_n pansa_n with_o some_o short_a observation_n thereupon_o together_o with_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o modern_a train_n or_o tactick_a practice_n london_n print_v by_o roger_n daniel_n 1655._o the_o eight_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n write_v by_o aulus_n hirtius_n chap._n i._n the_o gall_n raise_v new_a trouble_n in_o divers_a place_n caesar_n scatter_v and_o waste_v the_o bituriges_n and_o after_o that_o the_o carnutes_n after_o that_o all_o gallia_n be_v subdue_v forasmuch_o as_o caesar_n have_v rest_v no_o part_n of_o the_o former_a summer_n from_o war_n he_o be_v desirous_a to_o refiesh_v his_o soldier_n after_o so_o great_a pain_n take_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o winter_n season_n when_o news_n be_v bring_v he_o that_o many_o state_n at_o the_o selfsame_a time_n do_v lay_v their_o head_n together_o again_o about_o war_n and_o make_v conspiracy_n whereof_o there_o be_v report_v a_o very_a likely_a cause_n in_o that_o it_o be_v know_v to_o all_o the_o gall_n that_o there_o can_v not_o any_o power_n so_o great_a be_v assemble_v into_o one_o place_n as_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o withstand_v the_o roman_n neither_o if_o many_o state_n at_o once_o make_v war_n in_o divers_a place_n at_o one_o instant_a can_v the_o army_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v sufficient_a either_o of_o aid_n or_o of_o time_n or_o of_o man_n of_o war_n to_o pursue_v all_o at_o once_o and_o there_o ought_v not_o any_o state_n to_o refuse_v the_o lot_n of_o their_o misfortune_n if_o by_o the_o respite_n thereof_o the_o rest_n may_v set_v themselves_o at_o liberty_n the_o which_o opinion_n to_o the_o intent_n it_o shall_v not_o settle_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o gall_n caesar_n leave_v m._n antonius_n the_o quaestor_n with_o charge_n of_o his_o winter_n garrison_n go_v with_o a_o strong_a company_n of_o horseman_n the_o last_o day_n of_o december_n from_o bibracte_n to_o his_o twelve_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v place_v not_o far_o from_o the_o border_n of_o the_o hedui_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bituriges_n and_o take_v thereunto_o the_o eleven_o legion_n which_o be_v next_o unto_o it_o leave_v two_o cohort_n to_o defend_v his_o stuff_n and_o carriage_n he_o lead_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n into_o the_o most_o plentiful_a field_n of_o the_o bituriges_n the_o which_o be_v a_o large_a country_n and_o full_a of_o town_n can_v not_o be_v keep_v in_o awe_n with_o the_o garrison_n of_o one_o legion_n among_o they_o but_o that_o they_o prepare_v for_o war_n and_o make_v conspiracy_n by_o the_o sudden_a come_n of_o caesar_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v which_o must_v needs_o happen_v to_o such_o as_o be_v unprovided_a and_o scatter_a abroad_o that_o such_o as_o be_v till_v the_o ground_n without_o fear_n be_v surprise_v in_o the_o field_n by_o our_o horseman_n before_o they_o can_v get_v they_o into_o the_o to_n for_o at_o that_o time_n the_o common_a token_n of_o invasion_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v perceive_v by_o burn_v of_o house_n be_v by_o caesar_n commandment_n forbear_v lest_o they_o shall_v either_o want_v forage_n and_o corn_n if_o they_o be_v mind_v to_o make_v any_o further_o ride_v into_o the_o country_n or_o else_o that_o their_o enemy_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o fire_n shall_v convey_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o way_n after_o that_o many_o thousand_o of_o man_n have_v be_v take_v the_o bituriges_n be_v sore_o afraid_a such_o of_o they_o as_o can_v escape_v out_o of_o the_o roman_n hand_n at_o their_o first_o come_n upon_o confidence_n either_o of_o the_o old_a acquaintance_n and_o familiarity_n that_o have_v be_v private_o between_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o resort_v as_o guest_n one_o to_o another_o or_o of_o their_o mutual_a agreement_n and_o partake_n in_o the_o same_o device_n flee_v into_o the_o next_o city_n but_o all_o be_v in_o vain_a for_o caesar_n by_o great_a journey_n come_v so_o sudden_o upon_o all_o place_n that_o he_o give_v not_o any_o city_n leisure_n to_o think_v of_o the_o safeguard_n of_o other_o folk_n rather_o than_o of_o themselves_o through_o the_o which_o speed_n he_o both_o keep_v his_o friend_n faithful_a unto_o he_o and_o put_v the_o waver_a sort_n in_o such_o fear_n that_o he_o compel_v they_o to_o be_v glad_a to_o receive_v peace_n the_o matter_n stand_v in_o this_o case_n when_o the_o bituriges_n see_v that_o through_o caesar_n gentleness_n there_o be_v yet_o a_o way_n for_o they_o to_o return_v into_o his_o favour_n again_o and_o that_o the_o next_o state_n have_v deliver_v he_o hostage_n and_o be_v thereupon_o receive_v to_o mercy_n without_o further_a punishment_n they_o themselves_o do_v in_o like_o wise_a caesar_n because_o his_o man_n have_v patient_o endure_v so_o great_a travel_n in_o the_o winter_n day_n through_o most_o cumbersome_a way_n in_o intolerable_a cold_a weather_n and_o continue_v most_o resolute_o in_o the_o same_o to_o the_o uttermost_a promise_v to_o give_v to_o his_o soldier_n two_o hundred_o sesterce_n apiece_o and_o to_o the_o captain_n 2000_o apiece_o in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o prey_n &_o so_o send_v his_o legion_n again_o into_o their_o winter_v place_n he_o himself_o return_v to_o bibracte_n the_o fourti_v day_n after_o his_o set_n forth_o there_o as_o he_o be_v minister_a of_o justice_n the_o bituriges_n send_v messenger_n unto_o he_o desire_v help_n against_o the_o carnutes_n who_o they_o complain_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o this_o news_n when_o he_o have_v not_o
the_o next_o year_n and_o that_o the_o rather_o because_o his_o adversary_n proud_o make_v their_o brag_n that_o l._n lentulus_n and_o c._n marcellus_n be_v create_v consul_n to_o deprive_v caesar_n of_o all_o honour_n and_o authority_n and_o that_o the_o consulship_n be_v wrest_v from_o sergius_n galba_n though_o he_o have_v more_o voice_n on_o his_o side_n because_o he_o be_v a_o familiar_a friend_n of_o caesar_n and_o have_v be_v engage_v unto_o he_o as_o his_o legate_n caesar_n at_o his_o come_n among_o the_o municipal_a town_n be_v entertain_v with_o extraordinary_a affection_n and_o respect_n that_o be_v his_o first_o come_v from_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n nothing_o be_v omit_v that_o can_v be_v devise_v for_o the_o deck_v and_o adorn_v of_o their_o gate_n way_n and_o place_n where_o caesar_n shall_v pass_v all_o the_o people_n come_v forth_o with_o their_o child_n to_o meet_v he_o by_o the_o way_n sacrifice_n be_v every_o where_o offer_v the_o temple_n and_o market-place_n be_v hang_v with_o clothes_n of_o tapestry_n so_o that_o a_o man_n will_v have_v think_v by_o the_o expression_n of_o joy_n there_o have_v be_v some_o great_a triumph_n expect_v and_o provide_v for_o so_o great_a costlinesse_n be_v among_o the_o rich_a sort_n and_o such_o hearty_a expression_n among_o the_o mean_a sort_n when_o caesar_n have_v light_o pass_v through_o all_o the_o country_n of_o gallia_n togata_fw-la he_o return_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o his_o army_n at_o nemetocenna_n and_o call_v all_o his_o legion_n out_o of_o their_o winter-quarter_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o treviri_n he_o go_v thither_o and_o there_o muster_v they_o t._n labienus_n he_o make_v governor_n of_o gallia_n togata_fw-la thereby_o to_o get_v himself_o the_o more_o favour_n and_o furtherance_n in_o his_o suit_n for_o the_o consulship_n he_o himself_o remove_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o according_a as_o he_o find_v it_o necessary_a for_o health_n and_o albeit_o he_o hear_v oftentimes_o that_o labienus_n be_v solicit_v strong_o by_o his_o enemy_n and_o be_v also_o advertise_v how_o it_o be_v carry_v on_o by_o a_o small_a faction_n at_o rome_n to_o take_v away_o part_n of_o his_o army_n from_o he_o by_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o neither_o give_v credit_n to_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v report_v of_o labienus_n nor_o will_v be_v draw_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o senate_n for_o he_o believe_v that_o if_o the_o senator_n may_v give_v their_o voice_n free_o he_o shall_v easy_o obtain_v his_o purpose_n for_o c._n curio_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n who_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o defence_n of_o caesar_n cause_n and_o dignity_n have_v oftentimes_o propound_v to_o the_o senate_n that_o if_o the_o fear_n of_o caesar_n army_n prejudice_v any_o man_n and_o see_v that_o the_o authority_n and_o power_n of_o pompey_n do_v not_o a_o little_a keep_v the_o court_n in_o awe_n that_o both_o of_o they_o may_v lay_v down_o their_o arm_n and_o dismiss_v their_o army_n and_o so_o shall_v the_o city_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o use_v she_o own_o right_a as_o she_o please_v this_o he_o not_o only_o propound_v but_o begin_v to_o divide_v the_o senate_n about_o it_o which_o the_o consul_n and_o the_o friend_n of_o pompey_n command_v shall_v not_o be_v do_v and_o so_o rule_v the_o matter_n as_o they_o list_v they_o depart_v this_o be_v a_o great_a testimony_n of_o the_o whole_a senate_n and_o agreeable_a to_o their_o former_a act_n for_o marcellus_n the_o year_n before_o oppose_v caesar_n dignity_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o pompey_n and_o crassus_n and_o have_v put_v up_o a_o bill_n to_o the_o senate_n for_o the_o discharge_n of_o caesar_n before_o the_o time_n of_o his_o commission_n be_v expire_v when_o they_o have_v give_v their_o voice_n marcellus_n who_o seek_v all_o his_o honour_n by_o work_a spite_n against_o caesar_n depart_v aside_o and_o the_o senate_n fall_v all_o of_o they_o quite_o upon_o other_o matter_n this_o do_v not_o at_o all_o daunt_v the_o spirit_n of_o caesar_n enemy_n but_o rather_o stir_v they_o up_o to_o strengthen_v their_o party_n and_o thereby_o to_o compel_v the_o senate_n to_o approve_v of_o that_o which_o they_o have_v determine_v hereupon_o a_o decree_n be_v make_v that_o cneius_n pompeius_n shall_v send_v one_o legion_n and_o caesar_n another_o to_o the_o war_n against_o the_o parthian_n but_o it_o be_v easy_o discern_v that_o both_o these_o legion_n be_v take_v from_o caesar_n for_o the_o first_o legion_n which_o cneius_n pompeius_n have_v send_v unto_o caesar_n levy_v in_o the_o province_n he_o give_v unto_o caesar_n as_o one_o of_o his_o own_o number_n nevertheless_o albeit_o that_o no_o man_n need_v doubt_v but_o that_o caesar_n be_v spoil_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o his_o enemy_n yet_o he_o send_v pompey_n his_o legion_n again_o and_o of_o his_o own_o force_n he_o order_v the_o fifteen_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v in_o the_o hither_o gallia_n to_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o according_a to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o the_o room_n whereof_o he_o send_v the_o thirteen_o legion_n into_o italy_n to_o lie_v in_o garrison_n in_o the_o same_o place_n from_o whence_o the_o fifteen_o be_v draw_v then_o he_o distribute_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n c._n trebonius_n with_o four_o legion_n he_o place_v in_o belgium_n c._n fabius_n with_o as_o many_o among_o the_o hedui_n for_o this_o he_o think_v will_v be_v the_o best_a way_n to_o keep_v gallia_n in_o most_o safety_n and_o quiet_a if_o the_o belgae_n who_o be_v the_o most_o valorous_a and_o the_o hedui_n who_o be_v of_o most_o authority_n have_v force_n quarter_v among_o they_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n this_o do_v he_o take_v his_o journey_n into_o italy_n when_o he_o come_v thither_o he_o understand_v that_o the_o two_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v dismiss_v which_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n shall_v have_v be_v employ_v in_o the_o parthian_a war_n be_v by_o c._n marcellus_n the_o consul_n deliver_v to_o pompey_n and_o keep_v still_o in_o italy_n although_o by_o this_o deal_n it_o be_v evident_a to_o all_o the_o world_n what_o be_v intend_v against_o caesar_n yet_o caesar_n determine_v to_o take_v all_o thing_n patient_o as_o long_o as_o he_o have_v any_o hope_n leave_v to_o decide_v the_o controversy_n rather_o by_o the_o law_n then_o by_o the_o sword_n observation_n upon_o the_o eight_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n some_o attribute_n the_o so_o frequent_a revolt_n of_o the_o gall_n to_o their_o changeable_a and_o impatient_a humour_n which_o can_v endure_v to_o be_v lord_v over_o by_o stranger_n and_o other_o to_o the_o too_o great_a clemency_n of_o caesar_n i_o grant_v that_o clemency_n apt_a to_o pardon_n embolden_v to_o revolt_v for_o that_o we_o easy_o forget_v all_o benefit_n which_o do_v not_o entire_o establish_v our_o liberty_n but_o if_o cruelty_n cause_v they_o less_o frequent_a yet_o it_o render_v they_o more_o dangerous_a for_o that_o when_o despair_n drive_v man_n thereunto_o and_o that_o the_o hope_n of_o safety_n rest_v only_o in_o voctory_n the_o revolt_a become_v all_o valiant_a obstinate_a constant_a and_o faithful_a to_o the_o end_n which_o never_o fall_v out_o where_o there_o be_v hope_n of_o the_o enemy_n clemency_n we_o have_v here_o plentiful_a example_n thereof_o caesar_n in_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o gall_n have_v often_o find_v great_a facility_n to_o reduce_v they_o to_o his_o obedience_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o clemency_n which_o have_v be_v a_o powerful_a mean_n for_o he_o to_o make_v division_n among_o themselves_o and_o to_o prevent_v obstinacy_n in_o their_o revolt_n and_o if_o sometime_o it_o have_v so_o happen_v that_o he_o have_v use_v severity_n it_o have_v be_v occasion_v by_o fowl_n and_o unworthy_a act_n as_o when_o the_o veneti_n under_o public_a faith_n imprison_v the_o roman_a officer_n which_o come_v to_o they_o to_o buy_v corn_n for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o the_o army_n but_o i_o can_v excuse_v that_o of_o uxellodunum_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n execute_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n drive_v poor_a fisherman_n so_o into_o despair_n that_o they_o have_v shake_v off_o his_o insupportable_a yoke_n and_o with_o a_o admirable_a constancy_n have_v maintain_v and_o enrich_v themselves_o and_o be_v grow_v so_o potent_a as_o that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v he_o by_o land_n and_o by_o sea_n take_v from_o he_o his_o treasure_n in_o the_o indies_n caesar_n show_v we_o also_o by_o his_o care_n and_o industry_n to_o get_v intelligence_n of_o the_o enemy_n proceed_n whether_o by_o take_v prisoner_n in_o the_o field_n or_o by_o have_v good_a spy_n the_o advantage_n which_o may_v be_v make_v thereof_o many_o
in_o his_o army_n who_o he_o persuade_v with_o great_a reward_n and_o further_a promise_n to_o fly_v to_o the_o enemy_n and_o there_o to_o carry_v himself_o according_a to_o the_o instruction_n which_o he_o shall_v give_v he_o this_o gall_n come_v as_o a_o revolter_v to_o the_o enemy_n lay_v open_a unto_o they_o the_o fear_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o extremity_n that_o caesar_n be_v drive_v into_o by_o the_o veneti_n and_o that_o the_o night_n follow_v sabinus_n be_v about_o to_o withdraw_v his_o force_n secret_o out_o of_o his_o camp_n and_o to_o make_v all_o the_o haste_n he_o can_v to_o relieve_v caesar_n upon_o which_o advertisement_n they_o all_o cry_v out_o with_o one_o consent_n that_o this_o opportunity_n be_v not_o to_o be_v omit_v but_o set_v apart_o all_o other_o devise_n they_o will_v go_v and_o assault_v the_o roman_a camp_n many_o circumstance_n persuade_v the_o gall_n to_o this_o resolution_n as_o first_o the_o linger_a and_o doubt_n which_o sabinus_n have_v make_v when_o he_o be_v offer_v battle_n second_o the_o intelligence_n which_o this_o fugitive_n have_v bring_v three_o the_o want_n of_o victual_n wherein_o they_o have_v be_v negligent_a and_o unadvised_o careless_a four_a the_o hope_n they_o conceive_v of_o the_o war_n of_o vannes_n and_o last_o for_o that_o man_n willing_o believe_v that_o which_o they_o will_v have_v come_v to_o pass_v the_o force_n of_o these_o motive_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o they_o will_v not_o suffer_v viridovix_n nor_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o captain_n to_o dismiss_v the_o council_n until_o they_o have_v yield_v that_o they_o shall_v take_v arm_n and_o go_v to_o the_o roman_a camp_n which_o be_v grant_v they_o gather_v rubbish_n and_o faggot_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n and_o with_o cheerful_a heart_n as_o though_o the_o victory_n be_v already_o get_v they_o march_v to_o the_o place_n where_o sabinus_n be_v encamp_v which_o be_v the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n rise_v gentle_o from_o a_o level_n the_o quantity_n of_o one_o thousand_o pase_n hither_o the_o gall_n haste_v with_o all_o expedition_n and_o to_o the_o intent_n the_o roman_n may_v not_o have_v so_o much_o time_n as_o to_o put_v on_o their_o armour_n the_o gall_n for_o haste_n run_v themselves_o out_o of_o breath_n sabinus_n encourage_v his_o soldier_n give_v the_o sign_n of_o battle_n and_o sally_v out_o at_o two_o several_a gate_n of_o his_o camp_n upon_o the_o enemy_n who_o be_v hinder_v with_o their_o load_n of_o rubbish_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o through_o the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n the_o weariness_n and_o unexperience_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o valour_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n and_o their_o exercise_n informer_n battle_n that_o the_o gall_n can_v not_o endure_v the_o brunt_n of_o the_o first_o encounter_n but_o present_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n we_o be_v fresh_a and_o lusty_a pursue_v after_o and_o slay_v great_a number_n of_o they_o then_o chase_v their_o horse_n suffer_v very_o few_o of_o they_o to_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n and_o so_o it_o happen_v that_o at_o one_o time_n sabinus_n have_v news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n at_o sea_n and_o caesar_n of_o sabinus_n victory_n by_o land_n upon_o these_o victory_n all_o the_o city_n and_o state_n yield_v themselves_o to_o titurius_n for_o as_o the_o gall_n be_v prompt_a to_o undertake_v a_o war_n so_o be_v they_o weak_a in_o suffer_v and_o impatient_a of_o the_o consequent_n and_o calamity_n thereof_o observation_n this_o practice_n of_o a_o counterfeit_a fear_n be_v often_o put_v in_o use_n by_o the_o roman_a leader_n fear_n as_o well_o to_o disappoint_v the_o expectation_n of_o a_o enemy_n as_o to_o draw_v they_o into_o a_o inconvenience_n and_o so_o to_o defeat_v they_o of_o their_o great_a help_n in_o time_n of_o battle_n caesar_n come_v to_o succour_v the_o camp_n of_o cicero_n 5._o make_v such_o use_n of_o this_o art_n that_o he_o put_v to_o rout_n a_o great_a army_n of_o the_o gall_n with_o a_o handful_n of_o man_n which_o i_o will_v refer_v unto_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v particular_o set_v down_o by_o caesar_n the_o chief_a thing_n in_o this_o place_n which_o bring_v they_o to_o their_o overthrow_n be_v disappointment_n for_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n hardly_o to_o be_v digest_v in_o business_n of_o small_a consequence_n to_o be_v frustrate_v of_o a_o settle_a expectation_n when_o the_o mind_n shall_v dispose_v herself_o to_o one_o only_a intent_n and_o in_o the_o upshot_n meet_v with_o a_o counterbuff_n to_o cross_v her_o purpose_n and_o so_o defeat_v she_o of_o that_o hope_n which_o the_o strength_n of_o her_o reason_n have_v entertain_v how_o much_o more_o than_o in_o thing_n of_o such_o importance_n when_o we_o shall_v proceed_v in_o a_o course_n of_o victory_n and_o humour_n our_o conceit_n with_o that_o we_o wish_v and_o will_v have_v to_o happen_v and_o in_o the_o end_n meet_v either_o with_o bondage_n or_o death_n must_v our_o best_a wit_n be_v appall_v have_v neither_o respite_n nor_o mean_n to_o think_v how_o the_o evil_a may_v be_v best_a prevent_v which_o the_o wise_a roman_n well_o understand_v and_o count_v it_o no_o dishonour_n to_o be_v reproach_v with_o shameful_a cowardice_n by_o such_o as_o know_v not_o the_o secret_n of_o wisdom_n while_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n foresee_v their_o good_a fortune_n shroud_v under_o the_o cloak_n of_o a_o pretend_a distrust_n let_v these_o example_n instruct_v a_o leader_n so_o to_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o any_o such_o fortune_n that_o in_o the_o execution_n he_o omit_v not_o the_o chief_a point_n of_o order_n and_o discipline_n as_o well_o for_o the_o better_a effect_v of_o the_o design_n as_o for_o his_o own_o safety_n and_o the_o security_n of_o his_o army_n for_o order_n be_v as_o the_o sinew_n and_o strength_n of_o martial_a discipline_n unite_n the_o particular_a member_n into_o the_o firm_a composition_n of_o a_o wel-proportioned_n body_n and_o so_o it_o make_v it_o more_o powerful_a than_o any_o number_n of_o disunit_a part_n how_o able_a or_o infinite_a soever_o i_o may_v here_o allege_v infinite_a example_n to_o confirm_v this_o truth_n but_o let_v the_o battle_n of_o dreux_n serve_v for_o all_o wherein_o the_o protestant_n overcharge_v the_o catholic_n army_n followed_z the_o retreat_z so_o hard_o that_o they_o quick_o become_v master_n of_o the_o field_n and_o then_o neglect_v martial_a discipline_n fall_v in_o confuse_o with_o the_o break_a multitude_n to_o make_v the_o victory_n more_o glorious_a by_o slaughter_n and_o mortality_n the_o duke_n of_o guise_n all_o this_o while_n bodge_v not_o a_o foot_n but_o in_o unexampled_a patience_n keep_v his_o regiment_n close_o together_o and_o will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o rescue_v their_o general_n that_o be_v take_v until_o the_o regiment_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o condie_n be_v likewise_o disperse_v and_o break_v and_o then_o perceive_v no_o difference_n of_o order_n between_o the_o victor_n protestant_n and_o the_o vanquish_a catholic_n he_o dissolve_v that_o terrible_a cloud_n that_o have_v hang_v so_o long_o in_o suspense_n and_o so_o change_v the_o fortune_n of_o the_o day_n that_o he_o take_v the_o chief_a of_o their_o prince_n prisoner_n with_o little_a or_o no_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o man_n so_o powerful_a be_v order_n in_o the_o deed_n of_o arm_n and_o of_o such_o consequence_n in_o obtain_v victory_n and_o thus_o we_o have_v first_o see_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o a_o counterfeit_a fear_n well_o dissemble_v may_v cast_v upon_o a_o credulous_a and_o unadvised_a enemy_n when_o pretence_n and_o appearance_n have_v bring_v they_o into_o a_o error_n which_o their_o own_o credulity_n do_v afterward_o avouch_v and_o second_o what_o strength_n and_o safety_n consist_v in_o order_n and_o how_o powerful_a it_o be_v to_o throw_v down_o and_o to_o set_v up_o chap._n ix_o the_o proceed_n of_o crassus_n in_o aquitanie_n at_o the_o same_o instant_n of_o time_n it_o happen_v also_o caesar_n that_o pub._n crassus_n come_v into_o aquitania_n which_o both_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o large_a extension_n of_o the_o country_n as_o also_o for_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v name_v the_o three_o part_n of_o gallia_n and_o consider_v that_o he_o be_v to_o make_v war_n in_o those_o part_n where_o l._n valerius_n praeconius_n the_o legate_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o army_n overthrow_v and_o where_o lucius_n manlius_n be_v fain_o to_o fly_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o carriage_n he_o think_v that_o his_o affair_n require_v no_o mean_a diligence_n and_o therefore_o have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n and_o muster_v many_o auxiliary_a force_n and_o evocati_fw-la send_v for_o many_o valiant_a and_o prudent_a man_n by_o name_n from_o tolouse_n carcasone_n and_o narbone_n city_n border_v upon_o the_o province_n he_o carry_v his_o army_n into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o sontiate_n which_o be_v no_o
soon_o know_v but_o they_o levy_v great_a force_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o with_o their_o horse_n in_o which_o their_o principal_a strength_n consist_v charge_v upon_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o march_n which_o be_v easy_o repel_v as_o we_o follow_v the_o retreat_n sudden_o the_o infantry_n of_o the_o gall_n show_v itself_o in_o a_o valley_n as_o it_o lay_v in_o ambush_n these_o set_n upon_o the_o roman_n renew_v the_o battle_n and_o there_o the_o fight_n continue_v hot_a a_o long_a time_n the_o sontiate_n be_v animate_v with_o the_o former_a victory_n see_v all_o the_o hope_n of_o aquitanie_n rely_v upon_o their_o virtue_n and_o the_o roman_n on_o the_o other_o side_n desire_v to_o show_v what_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v of_o themselves_o without_o their_o grand_a captain_n and_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o a_o young_a soldier_n at_o length_n the_o enemy_n overwage_v with_o prowess_n and_o weary_v with_o wound_n betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n of_o who_o the_o roman_n slay_v a_o great_a number_n and_o then_o march_v direct_o to_o the_o town_n of_o the_o sontiate_n and_o lay_v siege_n unto_o it_o the_o siege_n grow_v hot_a the_o roman_n approach_v the_o wall_n with_o vine_n turret_n and_o mount_v the_o townsman_n defend_v themselves_o sometime_o by_o sally_v out_o sometime_o by_o undermine_v the_o mount_n and_o fortification_n wherein_o the_o aquitani_n be_v very_o skilful_a but_o when_o they_o perceive_v the_o industry_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o exceed_v all_o that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v they_o entreat_v crassus_n to_o accept_v their_o rendry_n which_o be_v grant_v and_o all_o the_o army_n intend_v the_o delivery_n of_o their_o arm_n adcantuanus_n their_o chief_a magistrate_n flee_v out_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n at_o another_o port_n of_o the_o city_n with_o six_o hundred_o devote_a companion_n who_o they_o call_v soldurii_fw-la who_o manner_n be_v to_o enjoy_v all_o good_a thing_n in_o common_a with_o those_o who_o they_o have_v choose_v for_o their_o friend_n and_o if_o any_o misfortune_n befall_v they_o either_o to_o die_v with_o they_o or_o present_o kill_v themselves_o neither_o be_v it_o ever_o know_v in_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n that_o any_o of_o they_o refuse_v to_o die_v when_o his_o friend_n be_v slay_v but_o as_o they_o attempt_v to_o escape_v the_o soldier_n that_o keep_v that_o part_n of_o the_o fortification_n as_o they_o signify_v his_o evasion_n by_o a_o clamour_n and_o shout_n the_o rest_n betake_v themselves_o to_o arm_n and_o so_o after_o a_o sharp_a conflict_n repel_v he_o again_o into_o the_o town_n where_o he_o desire_v to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o number_n of_o the_o submissive_a multitude_n which_o be_v grant_v crassus_n have_v take_v hostage_n of_o they_o go_v into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o vocates_n and_o tarusates_n the_o first_o observation_n these_o skilful_a and_o experience_a man_n which_o crassus_n send_v for_o out_o of_o all_o the_o city_n in_o aquitaniâ—_n evocati_fw-la be_v those_o who_o the_o roman_n call_v evocati_fw-la such_o as_o be_v free_a from_o warfare_n and_o exempt_v by_o their_o law_n from_o give_v their_o name_n in_o muster_n either_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o year_n or_o the_o magistracy_n which_o they_o have_v bear_v or_o for_o some_o other_o cause_n which_o give_v they_o that_o privilege_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n be_v send_v for_o by_o letter_n entreat_v their_o assistance_n in_o the_o carriage_n of_o that_o war_n as_o man_n well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o nature_n of_o such_o business_n their_o place_n be_v nothing_o inferior_a to_o the_o centurion_n for_o advise_v and_o direction_n although_o they_o have_v no_o part_n in_o command_n or_o authority_n the_o second_o observation_n in_o this_o fight_n we_o may_v further_o observe_v their_o manner_n of_o defence_n against_o mount_n and_o cavaliero_n which_o we_o find_v chief_o to_o be_v mine_n josephus_n in_o the_o jewish_a war_n say_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v raise_v a_o exceed_a high_a mount_n the_o jew_n undermine_v the_o same_o with_o such_o art_n that_o as_o they_o dig_v underneath_o they_o support_v the_o mount_n with_o huge_a prop_n and_o plank_n that_o it_o may_v not_o shrink_v and_o watch_v a_o time_n of_o great_a advantage_n they_o set_v all_o the_o timber-work_n which_o underprop_v the_o mount_n on_o fire_n which_o take_v fire_n with_o the_o help_n of_o brimstone_n and_o pitch_n the_o mount_n fall_v upon_o a_o sudden_a to_o the_o great_a terror_n &_o amazement_n of_o the_o roman_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o avaricum_n gall._n we_o find_v how_o the_o gall_n by_o undermine_v do_v take_v the_o earth_n from_o the_o mount_n as_o fast_o as_o it_o be_v carry_v unto_o it_o by_o the_o roman_n and_o so_o keep_v it_o from_o rise_v and_o make_v it_o uneffectual_a but_o if_o it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n make_v of_o wood_n or_o other_o combustible_a matter_n they_o seek_v then_o by_o all_o mean_n to_o burn_v it_o as_o it_o happen_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o massilia_n and_o oftentimes_o when_o both_o burn_a and_o undermine_v fail_v they_o confront_v it_o with_o another_o mount_n within_o the_o wall_n to_o disappoint_v the_o disadvantage_n by_o equal_a contest_v of_o it_o and_o so_o make_v it_o unprofitable_a concern_v mine_n thus_o much_o may_v i_o say_v without_o prejudice_n to_o that_o art_n that_o the_o chief_a point_n to_o be_v respect_v be_v these_o first_o the_o true_a distance_n to_o a_o design_a place_n which_o be_v best_a get_v by_o instrument_n and_o help_v of_o geometry_n where_o other_o mark_n of_o certainty_n be_v want_v second_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o mine_n that_o we_o may_v not_o err_v in_o our_o course_n which_o the_o compass_n afford_v three_o the_o strengthen_n of_o the_o mine_n with_o timber-work_n if_o need_v require_v last_o the_o countermine_v and_o crosse-meeting_n all_o which_o part_n have_v very_o many_o circumstance_n and_o require_v a_o large_a discourse_n than_o may_v be_v think_v pertinent_a for_o this_o place_n the_o three_o observation_n the_o strange_a contract_n between_o these_o soldurii_fw-la and_o their_o chieftain_n may_v well_o deserve_v a_o place_n among_o these_o observation_n especial_o consider_v the_o obligatory_a condition_n which_o either_o party_n stand_v bind_v to_o observe_v for_o the_o captain_n be_v to_o make_v his_o soldurii_fw-la partaker_n of_o all_o his_o happiness_n in_o this_o life_n in_o regard_n whereof_o they_o be_v to_o take_v â—arâ—_n of_o whatsoever_o ill_a chance_n or_o disaster_n shall_v happen_v to_o befall_v he_o if_o death_n which_o be_v the_o last_o end_n of_o all_o sensual_a misery_n take_v hold_v of_o their_o head_n these_o devote_a be_v tie_v voluntary_o to_o follow_v he_o the_o selfsame_a way_n neither_o in_o any_o memory_n be_v there_o say_v he_o ever_o man_n find_v that_o refuse_v to_o die_v if_o he_o to_o who_o he_o be_v devote_v chance_v to_o be_v slay_v which_o bloody_a league_n of_o amity_n as_o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n multiply_v particular_a destiny_n to_o a_o general_a calamity_n so_o be_v it_o dangerous_a in_o a_o wel-ordered_n state_n if_o the_o ringleader_n be_v either_o ambitious_a or_o seek_v to_o practise_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o good_a government_n for_o he_o himself_o will_v presume_v much_o upon_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o soldurii_fw-la and_o they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n must_v needs_o wish_v well_o to_o his_o attempt_n that_o be_v so_o interest_v in_o his_o life_n and_o death_n chap._n x._o the_o gall_n raise_v new_a force_n against_o crassus_n the_o barbarous_a gall_n be_v much_o trouble_v caesar_n that_o a_o town_n of_o that_o strength_n both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n shall_v so_o soon_o be_v take_v and_o therefore_o they_o send_v ambassador_n into_o all_o quarter_n conjure_v one_o with_o another_o confirm_v their_o covenant_n with_o mutual_a hostage_n and_o levy_v what_o power_n they_o be_v able_a to_o make_v send_v for_o aid_v out_o of_o spain_n and_o from_o other_o state_n that_o border_v upon_o aquitanie_n at_o the_o come_n of_o these_o force_n they_o begin_v to_o make_v war_n with_o a_o great_a power_n and_o with_o many_o soldier_n of_o great_a fame_n for_o they_o appoint_v such_o leader_n as_o have_v see_v the_o experience_n of_o sertorius_n his_o war_n and_o be_v great_a in_o the_o opinion_n of_o man_n for_o their_o skill_n and_o knowledge_n in_o the_o art_n military_a these_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n begin_v to_o take_v place_n of_o advantage_n to_o fortify_v their_o camp_n and_o to_o intercept_v the_o roman_n from_o free_a passage_n of_o convoy_n and_o necessary_a intercourse_n which_o when_o crassus_n perceive_v and_o consider_v withal_o that_o his_o own_o force_n be_v so_o few_o that_o he_o can_v not_o well_o dismember_v they_o upon_o any_o service_n or_o advantage_n and_o that_o the_o enemy_n go_v out_o
a_o town_n lie_v in_o his_o way_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o bituriges_n call_v noviodunum_n which_o they_o of_o the_o town_n perceive_v send_v out_o unto_o he_o to_o beseech_v he_o to_o spare_v they_o and_o to_o give_v order_n for_o their_o safety_n to_o the_o end_n therefore_o that_o he_o may_v speed_v thaâ—_n business_n with_o as_o much_o celerity_n as_o he_o have_v accomplish_v former_a service_n he_o command_v they_o to_o bring_v out_o their_o arm_n their_o horse_n and_o to_o deliver_v pledge_n part_v of_o the_o hostage_n be_v give_v while_o the_o rest_n be_v in_o deliver_v over_o divers_a centurion_n and_o a_o few_o soldier_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o town_n to_o seek_v out_o their_o weapon_n and_o their_o horse_n the_o horseman_n of_o the_o enemy_n which_o march_v before_o vercingetorix_n army_n be_v discover_v a_o far_o off_o which_o the_o townsman_n have_v no_o soon_o perceive_v and_o thereby_o conceive_v some_o hope_n of_o relief_n but_o they_o present_o take_v up_o a_o shout_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o arm_n shut_v the_o gate_n and_o begin_v to_o make_v good_a the_o wall_n the_o centurion_n that_o be_v in_o the_o town_n perceive_v some_o new_a resolution_n of_o the_o gall_n with_o their_o sword_n draw_v possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o gate_n and_o save_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o man_n that_o be_v in_o the_o town_n caesar_n command_v the_o horseman_n to_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o to_o begin_v the_o charge_n and_o as_o they_o begin_v to_o give_v ground_n he_o send_v four_o hundred_o german_a horseman_n to_o second_v they_o who_o he_o have_v resolve_v to_o keep_v with_o he_o from_o the_o first_o who_o charge_v the_o enemy_n with_o such_o fury_n that_o the_o gall_n can_v no_o way_n endure_v the_o assault_n but_o be_v present_o put_v to_o flight_n and_o many_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v the_o rest_n retire_v back_o to_o the_o army_n upon_o their_o overthrow_n the_o townsman_n be_v worse_o affright_v than_o they_o be_v before_o and_o have_v apprehend_v such_o as_o be_v think_v to_o have_v stir_v up_o the_o people_n they_o bring_v they_o to_o caesar_n and_o yield_v themselves_o unto_o he_o which_o be_v end_v caesar_n march_v towards_o the_o town_n of_o avaricum_n which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o best_a fortify_v of_o all_o the_o town_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o bituriges_n and_o situate_v in_o the_o most_o fertile_a part_n of_o the_o country_n for_o that_o be_v take_v in_o he_o doubt_v not_o to_o bring_v the_o whole_a state_n of_o the_o bituriges_n easy_o into_o his_o subjection_n observation_n forasmuch_o as_o nothing_o be_v more_o changeable_a than_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n which_o notwithstanding_o the_o low_a degree_n of_o baseness_n wherein_o it_o often_o sit_v will_v as_o occasion_n give_v way_n to_o revenge_n ready_o amount_v to_o the_o height_n of_o tyranny_n and_o spare_v no_o labour_n to_o cry_v quittance_n with_o a_o enemy_n it_o have_v be_v think_v expedient_a in_o the_o wisdom_n of_o forego_v age_n to_o pluck_v the_o wing_n of_o so_o mount_v a_o bird_n and_o to_o deprive_v a_o enemy_n of_o such_o mean_n as_o may_v give_v hope_n of_o liberty_n by_o mutiny_n and_o revolt_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o take_v in_o any_o town_n enemy_n be_v to_o leave_v they_o forceless_a that_o howsoever_o they_o may_v stand_v affect_v their_o nail_n shall_v be_v sure_o pay_v for_o scratch_v and_o their_o power_n confine_v to_o the_o circuit_n of_o their_o mind_n for_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o this_o and_o many_o other_o place_n of_o caesar_n no_o rendry_n of_o any_o town_n be_v accept_v until_o they_o have_v deliver_v all_o their_o arm_n both_o offensive_a and_o defensive_a with_o such_o engine_n and_o instrument_n of_o war_n as_o may_v any_o way_n make_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o same_o neither_o that_o only_a but_o such_o beast_n also_o whether_o horse_n or_o elephant_n or_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o as_o may_v any_o way_n advantage_n the_o use_n of_o those_o weapon_n which_o as_o it_o be_v a_o great_a dismay_n and_o weaken_n to_o the_o enemy_n so_o be_v it_o short_a of_o the_o three_o condition_n command_v the_o delivery_n of_o so_o many_o hostage_n or_o pledge_n as_o be_v think_v convenient_a be_v the_o prime_n of_o their_o youth_n and_o the_o flower_n of_o their_o manhood_n and_o be_v as_o the_o marrow_n to_o their_o bone_n and_o the_o sinew_n to_o that_o body_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o remnant_n be_v much_o disable_v in_o strength_n concern_v their_o number_n of_o fight_a man_n and_o such_o as_o be_v leave_v have_v neither_o arm_n nor_o mean_n to_o make_v resistance_n the_o turk_n observe_v the_o same_o course_n with_o the_o christian_n but_o in_o a_o more_o cruel_a and_o barbarous_a manner_n for_o he_o come_v due_o at_o a_o certain_a time_n not_o regard_v any_o former_a demeanour_n and_o lead_v away_o the_o flower_n of_o their_o youth_n to_o be_v invest_v in_o impiety_n and_o infidelity_n and_o to_o be_v make_v vassal_n of_o heathenish_a impurity_n oftentimes_o we_o read_v that_o a_o conquer_a people_n be_v not_o only_o interdict_v arm_n but_o the_o matter_n also_o and_o the_o art_n whereby_o such_o arm_n be_v make_v and_o wrought_v for_o where_o the_o people_n be_v great_a and_o mettle_n and_o matter_n plenty_n it_o be_v a_o chance_n if_o artificer_n be_v want_v to_o repair_v their_o loss_n and_o to_o refurnish_v their_o armoury_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o carthage_n the_o roman_n have_v take_v away_o their_o arm_n they_o notwithstanding_o find_v store_n of_o mettle_n within_o the_o town_n cause_v workman_n to_o make_v every_o day_n a_o hundred_o target_n and_o three_o hundred_o sword_n beside_o arrow_n and_o cast_a sling_n use_v woman_n hair_n for_o want_v of_o hemp_n and_o pull_v down_o their_o house_n for_o timber_n to_o build_v ship_v whereby_o we_o may_v perceive_v that_o a_o general_n can_v be_v too_o careful_a to_o deprive_v a_o enemy_n of_o all_o such_o help_n as_o may_v any_o way_n strengthen_v his_o hand_n or_o make_v way_n to_o resistance_n chap._n vii_o vercingetorix_n persuade_v the_o gall_n to_o a_o new_a course_n of_o war_n vercingetorix_n have_v receive_v so_o many_o loss_n one_o in_o the_o neck_n of_o another_o caesar_n conte_z vellaunodunum_n orâ—â—â—ns_n genabum_n &_o noyon_n noviodunum_n be_v take_v he_o call_v his_o man_n to_o council_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o war_n must_v be_v carry_v in_o another_o course_n than_o it_o have_v be_v heretofore_o for_o they_o must_v endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o keep_v the_o roman_n from_o forage_n and_o convoy_n of_o victual_n which_o will_v easy_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v forasmuch_o as_o they_o themselves_o do_v abound_v in_o horseman_n and_o for_o that_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n do_v not_o yet_o serve_v to_o get_v forage_n in_o the_o field_n the_o enemy_n must_v necessary_o seek_v it_o in_o house_n and_o barn_n whereby_o the_o forager_n will_v daily_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o their_o horseman_n moreover_o for_o their_o safety_n and_o defence_n they_o be_v to_o neglect_v their_o private_a commodity_n their_o house_n and_o their_o village_n be_v to_o be_v burn_v up_o round_o about_o as_o far_o as_o boia_n wheresoever_o the_o roman_n may_v go_v to_o fetch_v their_o forage_n for_o themselves_o they_o think_v it_o reason_n that_o they_o shall_v make_v supply_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n in_o who_o possession_n they_o be_v and_o for_o who_o they_o fight_v by_o this_o mean_v the_o rom._n will_v never_o be_v able_a to_o endure_v that_o want_n as_o will_v befall_v they_o or_o at_o the_o least_o be_v constrain_v to_o fetch_v their_o provision_n far_o off_o with_o great_a danger_n and_o peril_n to_o themselves_o neither_o do_v it_o make_v any_o matter_n whether_o they_o kill_v they_o or_o put_v they_o beside_o their_o carriage_n for_o without_o necessary_a supply_n they_o be_v never_o able_a to_o hold_v war_n and_o to_o conclude_v such_o town_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n as_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o situation_n be_v not_o safe_a from_o danger_n lest_o they_o shall_v prove_v receptacle_n to_o linger_v and_o detract_v the_o war_n and_o serve_v the_o roman_n for_o booty_n and_o supply_n of_o provision_n and_o albeit_o these_o thing_n may_v seem_v heavy_a and_o bitter_a yet_o they_o ought_v to_o esteem_v it_o more_o grievous_a to_o have_v their_o wife_n and_o their_o child_n lead_v away_o into_o servitude_n and_o themselves_o to_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o sword_n of_o the_o enemy_n which_o do_v necessary_o fall_v upon_o a_o conquer_a people_n this_o opinion_n be_v general_o approve_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o man_n and_o more_o than_o twenty_o city_n of_o the_o bituriges_n be_v burn_v in_o one_o day_n the_o like_a be_v do_v in_o other_o state_n
great_a fire_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o all_o part_n and_o although_o all_o man_n take_v it_o very_o grievous_o yet_o they_o propound_v this_o comfort_n unto_o themselves_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v defeat_v they_o shall_v quick_o recover_v their_o loss_n touch_v avaricum_n they_o dispute_v it_o in_o common_a council_n whether_o it_o shall_v be_v burn_v or_o defend_v the_o bituriges_n do_v prostrate_v themselves_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o all_o the_o gall_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v force_v to_o set_v on_o fire_n with_o their_o own_o hand_n the_o fair_a city_n in_o all_o gallia_n be_v both_o a_o ornament_n and_o a_o strength_n to_o their_o state_n they_o will_v easy_o defend_v it_o by_o the_o site_n of_o the_o place_n be_v encircle_v round_o about_o with_o a_o river_n and_o a_o bog_n and_o be_v accessible_a by_o one_o narrow_a passage_n only_o at_o length_n leave_v be_v grant_v they_o to_o keep_v it_o veâ—cingetorix_n at_o first_o dissuade_v they_o from_o it_o and_o afterward_o yield_v unto_o it_o move_v by_o the_o entreaty_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o the_o commiseration_n of_o the_o common_a multitude_n and_o so_o a_o fit_a garrison_n be_v choose_v to_o defend_v the_o town_n observation_n i_o have_v see_v a_o impreze_n with_o a_o circle_n it_o and_o a_o hand_n with_o a_o sharp_a stile_n point_v towards_o the_o centre_n with_o this_o motto_n hic_fw-la labour_n hoc_fw-la opus_fw-la this_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o work_n and_o labour_n signify_v thereby_o that_o albeit_o the_o area_n thereof_o be_v plain_o and_o distinct_o bound_v and_o the_o diameter_n of_o no_o great_a length_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o a_o easy_a matter_n to_o find_v the_o centre_n which_o be_v the_o heart_n and_o chief_a part_n of_o that_o figure_n in_o like_a manner_n there_o be_v no_o business_n or_o other_o course_n so_o easy_a or_o plain_a but_o the_o centre_n may_v be_v mistake_v and_o the_o difficulty_n common_o rest_v in_o hit_v that_o point_n which_o give_v the_o circumference_n a_o equal_a and_o regular_a motion_n the_o gall_n be_v resolve_v to_o undertake_v the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n and_o to_o redeem_v their_o liberty_n with_o the_o hazard_n of_o their_o life_n but_o it_o seem_v they_o be_v mistake_v in_o the_o mean_n and_o run_v a_o course_n far_o short_a of_o the_o centre_n for_o vercingetorix_n perceive_v the_o roman_n daily_o to_o get_v upon_o the_o gall_n first_o by_o take_v in_o one_o town_n second_o another_o and_o last_o of_o a_o three_o he_o advise_v they_o to_o set_v on_o fire_n all_o the_o country_n house_n village_n and_o town_n for_o a_o great_a circuit_n round_o about_o and_o so_o force_v the_o roman_n to_o fetch_v their_o forage_n and_o provision_n far_o off_o and_o undergo_v the_o difficulty_n of_o long_a convoy_n whereby_o the_o gall_n may_v make_v use_n of_o their_o multitude_n of_o horse_n and_o keep_v the_o roman_n without_o supply_n of_o necessary_a provision_n and_o so_o they_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o give_v a_o speedy_a end_n to_o that_o war_n and_o this_o hâ—_n take_v to_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o that_o business_n and_o the_o true_a use_n of_o their_o advantage_n polybius_n write_v 4._o that_o m._n regulus_n have_v divers_a time_n overthrow_v the_o carthaginian_n in_o battle_n one_o xantippus_n a_o lacedaemonian_a clear_o perceive_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o often_o rout_n begin_v open_o to_o say_v that_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v not_o overthrow_v by_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o by_o their_o own_o ignorance_n for_o they_o exceed_v the_o roman_n in_o horse_n and_o elephant_n have_v neglect_v to_o fight_v in_o the_o champain_n where_o their_o cavalry_n may_v show_v itself_o but_o in_o hill_n and_o woody_a place_n where_o the_o foot_n troop_n be_v of_o more_o force_n and_o so_o the_o roman_n have_v the_o advantage_n whereby_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o war_n be_v change_v and_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o preguant_n greek_n bring_v from_o the_o hill_n into_o the_o level_n of_o the_o plain_a the_o carthaginian_n recover_v all_o their_o former_a loss_n by_o one_o absolute_a victory_n in_o like_a manner_n hannibal_n find_v himself_o to_o exceed_v the_o roman_n in_o strength_n of_o cavalry_n do_v always_o endeavour_v to_o affront_v they_o in_o open_a and_o champain_n country_n and_o as_o often_o as_o the_o roman_n dare_v meet_v he_o fabius_n he_o put_v they_o to_o the_o worse_o but_o fabius_n perceive_v the_o disadvantage_n keep_v himself_o always_o upon_o the_o hill_n and_o in_o covert_n and_o uneven_a place_n and_o so_o make_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n equal_v the_o multitude_n of_o the_o enemy_n horseman_n there_o be_v no_o great_a scorn_n can_v touch_v a_o man_n of_o reputation_n and_o place_n then_o to_o be_v think_v not_o to_o understand_v his_o own_o business_n for_o as_o wisdom_n be_v the_o excellency_n of_o humane_a nature_n so_o do_v want_n of_o judgement_n deject_v man_n to_o the_o condition_n of_o such_o as_o aristotle_n call_v servant_n by_o nature_n 〈◊〉_d who_o wit_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o support_v any_o weight_n 1_o do_v recompense_v that_o want_n with_o the_o service_n of_o their_o body_n and_o be_v whole_o employ_v in_o a_o porter_n occupation_n 10._o which_o homer_n lay_v upon_o diomedes_z shoulder_n with_o as_o fine_a conveyance_n as_o he_o do_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o invention_n for_o ulysses_n and_o he_o go_v out_o on_o a_o party_n to_o do_v some_o exploit_n upon_o the_o trojan_n they_o carry_v themselves_o so_o gallant_o that_o they_o fall_v to_o share_v king_n rhesus_n chariot_n and_o horse_n ulysses_z present_o seize_v upon_o the_o horse_n be_v of_o a_o delicate_a thracian_a breed_n and_o diomedes_n seem_v well_o content_v with_o the_o chariot_n but_o be_v to_o carry_v it_o away_o pallas_n advise_v he_o to_o let_v it_o alone_o lest_o he_o may_v prove_v his_o strength_n to_o be_v great_a than_o his_o wit_n and_o yet_o not_o find_v so_o much_o neither_o as_o will_v carry_v it_o away_o but_o for_o these_o direction_n which_o vercingetorix_n give_v unto_o the_o gall_n i_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o history_n wherein_o he_o shall_v find_v how_o they_o prevail_v chap._n viii_o caesar_n besiege_v avaricum_n and_o be_v distress_v for_o want_n of_o corn_n vercingetorix_n follow_v caesar_n by_o small_a and_o easy_a journey_n caesar_n and_o choose_v a_o place_n to_o incamp_v in_o fortify_v about_o with_o bog_n and_o wood_n fifteen_o mile_n distant_a from_o avaricum_n where_o he_o understand_v what_o be_v do_v at_o avaricum_n every_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n and_o command_v likewise_o what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v he_o observe_v all_o our_o forage_n and_o harve_v and_o do_v set_v upon_o such_o as_o go_v far_o off_o upon_o any_o such_o occasion_n and_o encumber_v they_o with_o great_a inconvenience_n albeit_o they_o take_v what_o course_n they_o can_v to_o meet_v with_o it_o as_o to_o go_v out_o at_o uncertain_a time_n and_o by_o unknown_a and_o unusual_a way_n caesar_n encamp_v himself_o before_o that_o part_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v not_o shut_v in_o with_o the_o river_n nor_o the_o bog_n and_o afford_v but_o a_o narrow_a and_o straight_a passage_n begin_v to_o make_v a_o mount_n to_o drive_v vine_n and_o to_o raise_v two_o tower_n for_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o enclose_v it_o round_o about_o with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n and_o never_o rest_v to_o admonish_v the_o hedui_n and_o the_o boii_n to_o bring_v in_o supply_n of_o corn_n of_o who_o the_o one_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o small_a care_n and_o pain_n they_o take_v do_v little_o help_v he_o the_o other_o of_o no_o great_a ability_n be_v a_o small_a and_o a_o weak_a state_n do_v quick_o consume_v all_o that_o they_o have_v the_o army_n be_v distress_v for_o want_v of_o corn_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o poverty_n of_o the_o boii_n and_o the_o indiligence_n of_o the_o hedui_n together_o with_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o house_n in_o the_o country_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o they_o want_v corn_n for_o many_o day_n together_o and_o sustain_v their_o life_n with_o beast_n and_o cattle_n which_o they_o have_v fetch_v a_o great_a way_n off_o and_o yet_o no_o one_o voice_n at_o all_o be_v hear_v to_o come_v from_o they_o unworthy_a the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o their_o former_a victory_n and_o whenas_o caesar_n do_v speak_v unto_o the_o legion_n several_o as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o work_n that_o if_o their_o want_n be_v heavy_a and_o bitter_a unto_o they_o he_o will_v leave_v off_o the_o siege_n all_o of_o they_o with_o one_o voice_n desire_v he_o not_o to_o do_v so_o for_o since_o they_o have_v so_o serve_v many_o year_n under_o his_o command_n as_o they_o never_o have_v receive_v any_o dishonour_n neither_o have_v