what_o length_n of_o time_n they_o be_v adore_v for_o as_o to_o bacehus_n and_o hercules_n it_o be_v general_o agree_v that_o there_o be_v more_o than_o one_o or_o two_o of_o those_o name_n in_o very_o different_a time_n and_o perhaps_o country_n as_o greece_n and_o egypt_n and_o that_o the_o last_o who_o be_v son_n of_o alcmene_n and_o one_o of_o the_o argonaut_n be_v very_o modern_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o other_o more_o ancient_a who_o be_v contemporary_a with_o the_o race_n of_o jupiter_n but_o the_o story_n of_o that_o bacehus_n and_o hercules_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v conquer_a india_n be_v grow_v too_o obscure_a by_o the_o dark_a shade_n of_o so_o great_a antiquity_n or_o disguise_v by_o the_o mask_n of_o fable_n and_o fiction_n of_o poet_n the_o same_o divine_a honour_n be_v render_v by_o the_o egyptian_n to_o osiris_n in_o who_o temple_n be_v inscribe_v on_o a_o pillar_n that_o he_o have_v go_v through_o all_o country_n and_o every_o where_o teach_v man_n all_o that_o he_o find_v necessary_a for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o mankind_n by_o the_o assyrian_n to_o belus_n the_o founder_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o great_a inventor_n or_o improver_n of_o astronomy_n among_o the_o chaldaean_n by_o the_o original_a latin_n or_o hetruscan_o to_o janus_n who_o introduce_v agriculture_n into_o italy_n and_o these_o three_o be_v worship_v as_o god_n by_o those_o ancient_a and_o learned_a nation_n ninus_n and_o sesostris_n be_v renown_v for_o their_o mighty_a conquest_n and_o esteem_v the_o two_o great_a hero_n of_o assyria_n and_o of_o egypt_n the_o first_o have_v extend_v his_o victory_n to_o the_o river_n indus_n and_o the_o other_o those_o of_o the_o egyptian_n over_o asia_n as_o far_o as_o pontus_n the_o time_n of_o ninus_n be_v controvert_v among_o historian_n be_v by_o some_o place_v thirteen_o by_o other_o eight_o hundred_o year_n before_o sardanapalus_n but_o that_o of_o sesostris_n be_v in_o my_o opinion_n much_o hard_a to_o be_v affirm_v for_o i_o 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his_o cruelty_n and_o his_o pride_n for_o true_a honour_n have_v something_o in_o it_o so_o humorous_a as_o to_o follow_v common_o those_o who_o avoid_v or_o neglect_v it_o rather_o than_o those_o who_o seek_v and_o pursue_v it_o beside_o he_o institute_v no_o order_n or_o frame_n of_o government_n in_o the_o kingdom_n either_o of_o macedon_n or_o persia_n but_o rather_o corrupt_v and_o disorder_v those_o he_o find_v and_o seem_v to_o have_v owe_v the_o success_n of_o his_o enterprise_n to_o the_o counsel_n and_o conduct_v of_o his_o father_n old_a officer_n after_o who_o disgrace_n and_o fall_v immediate_o succeed_v that_o of_o his_o fortune_n and_o his_o life_n yet_o he_o must_v be_v allow_v to_o have_v much_o contribute_v to_o his_o own_o glory_n and_o fame_n by_o a_o great_a native_a genius_n and_o unlimited_a bounty_n and_o by_o the_o great_a
barbarous_a force_n for_o under_o the_o present_a tartar_n king_n the_o government_n continue_v still_o the_o same_o and_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o chinese_n learn_v and_o all_o the_o change_n that_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v make_v by_o such_o a_o storm_n or_o revolution_n have_v be_v only_o that_o a_o tartar_n race_n sit_v in_o the_o throne_n instead_o of_o a_o chinese_n and_o the_o city_n and_o strong_a place_n be_v garrison_v by_o tartar_a soldier_n who_o fall_v by_o degree_n into_o the_o manner_n custom_n and_o language_n of_o the_o chinese_n so_o great_a a_o respect_n or_o rather_o veneration_n be_v pay_v to_o this_o wise_a and_o admirable_a constitution_n even_o by_o its_o enemy_n and_o invader_n that_o both_o civil_a usurper_n and_o foreign_a conqueror_n vie_v with_o emulation_n who_o shall_v make_v great_a court_n and_o give_v most_o support_v to_o it_o find_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o secure_v their_o own_o safety_n and_o ease_n by_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o people_n than_o the_o establishment_n and_o preservation_n of_o their_o ancient_a constitution_n and_o government_n the_o great_a idea_n which_o may_v be_v conceive_v of_o the_o chinese_n wisdom_n and_o knowledge_n as_o well_o as_o their_o wit_n ingenuity_n and_o civility_n by_o all_o we_o either_o read_v or_o see_v of_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o be_v lessen_v by_o their_o gross_a and_o sottish_a idolatry_n but_o this_o itself_o be_v only_o among_o the_o vulgar_a or_o illiterate_a who_o worship_n after_o their_o manner_n whatever_o idol_n belong_v to_o each_o city_n or_o village_n or_o family_n and_o the_o temple_n and_o priest_n belong_v to_o they_o be_v in_o usual_a request_n among_o the_o common_a people_n and_o the_o woman_n but_o the_o learned_a adore_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o world_n which_o they_o hold_v to_o be_v eternal_a and_o this_o without_o temple_n idol_n or_o priest_n and_o the_o emperor_n only_o be_v allow_v to_o sacrifice_v at_o certain_a time_n by_o himself_o or_o his_o officer_n at_o two_o temple_n in_o the_o two_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o nank_v one_o dedicate_v to_o heaven_n and_o tother_o to_o the_o earth_n this_o i_o mention_v to_o show_v how_o the_o further_a east_n and_o west_n may_v be_v find_v to_o agree_v in_o notion_n of_o divinity_n as_o well_o as_o in_o excellence_n of_o civil_a or_o politic_a constitution_n by_o pass_v at_o one_o leap_n from_o these_o of_o china_n to_o those_o of_o peru._n sect_n iii_o it_o be_v know_v enough_o that_o about_o the_o year_n 1484_o alonso_n sanchez_n master_n of_o a_o spanish_a vessel_n that_o usual_o trade_v from_o those_o coast_n to_o the_o canary_n and_o madara_n be_v in_o his_o passage_n between_o these_o island_n surprise_v with_o a_o furious_a storm_n at_o east_n so_o violent_a that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o let_v his_o ship_n drive_v before_o it_o without_o any_o sail_n and_o so_o black_a that_o within_o twenty_o eight_o day_n he_o can_v not_o take_v the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n that_o he_o be_v at_o length_n cast_v upon_o a_o shore_n but_o whether_o island_n or_o continent_n he_o can_v not_o tell_v but_o full_a of_o savage_a people_n that_o after_o infinite_a toil_n danger_n and_o misery_n of_o hunger_n and_o sickness_n he_o make_v at_o length_n one_o of_o the_o tercera_n island_n with_o only_o five_o man_n leave_v of_o seventeen_o he_o carry_v out_o and_o meet_v there_o with_o the_o famous_a columbo_n make_v he_o such_o relation_n and_o so_o pertinent_a account_n of_o his_o voyage_n as_o give_v occasion_n for_o the_o discovery_n of_o america_n or_o the_o west-indies_n by_o this_o man_n so_o renown_v in_o our_o modern_a story_n whatever_o prediction_n have_v be_v since_o found_v out_o or_o apply_v towards_o the_o discovery_n of_o this_o new_a world_n or_o story_n tell_v of_o a_o certain_a prince_n in_o wales_n have_v run_v the_o same_o fortune_n or_o of_o the_o ancient_a carthaginian_n i_o do_v not_o find_v by_o all_o i_o have_v read_v upon_o this_o subject_a any_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o any_o mortal_n from_o europe_n or_o africa_n have_v ever_o trace_v these_o unknown_a path_n of_o that_o western_a ocean_n or_o leave_v the_o least_o footstep_n of_o have_v discover_v those_o country_n before_o alonso_n sanchez_n and_o his_o crew_n upon_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o spaniard_n there_o with_o columbus_n they_o find_v nature_n as_o naked_a as_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o most_o part_n no_o thought_n of_o business_n further_o than_o the_o most_o natural_a pleasure_n or_o necessity_n of_o life_n nation_n divide_v by_o natural_a bound_n of_o river_n rock_n or_o mountain_n or_o difference_n of_o language_n quarrel_n among_o they_o only_o for_o hunger_n or_o lust_n the_o command_n in_o war_n give_v to_o the_o strong_a or_o the_o brave_a and_o in_o peace_n take_v up_o or_o exercise_v by_o the_o bold_a among_o they_o and_o their_o life_n common_o spend_v in_o the_o most_o innocent_a entertainment_n of_o hunt_v fish_v feast_v or_o in_o the_o most_o careless_a leisure_n there_o be_v among_o they_o many_o principality_n that_o seem_v to_o have_v grow_v up_o from_o the_o original_n of_o paternal_a dominion_n and_o some_o community_n with_o order_n and_o law_n but_o the_o two_o great_a dominion_n be_v those_o of_o mexico_n and_o peru_n which_o have_v arrive_v to_o such_o extent_n of_o territory_n power_n and_o riches_n that_o amaze_v those_o who_o have_v be_v enough_o acquaint_v with_o the_o greatness_n and_o splendour_n of_o the_o european_a kingdom_n and_o i_o never_o meet_v with_o any_o story_n so_o entertain_v as_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o several_a learned_a spanish_a jesuit_n and_o other_o concern_v these_o country_n and_o people_n in_o their_o native_a innocence_n and_o simplicity_n mexico_n be_v so_o vast_a a_o empire_n that_o it_o be_v well_o represent_v by_o the_o common_a answer_n of_o the_o indian_n all_o along_o that_o coast_n to_o the_o spaniard_n when_o they_o come_v to_o any_o part_n and_o ask_v the_o people_n whether_o they_o be_v under_o montezuma_n quien_v no_n esclavo_fw-la de_fw-fr montezuma_n or_o who_o be_v not_o a_o slave_n of_o montezuma_n as_o if_o they_o think_v the_o whole_a world_n be_v so_o they_o may_v true_o call_v it_o slave_n for_o no_o dominion_n be_v ever_o so_o absolute_a so_o tyrannous_a and_o so_o cruel_a as_o his._n among_o other_o tribute_n impose_v on_o the_o people_n one_o be_v of_o man_n to_o be_v sacrifice_v every_o year_n to_o a_o ugly_a deform_a idol_n in_o the_o great_a temple_n of_o mexico_n such_o number_n as_o the_o king_n please_v of_o poor_a victim_n be_v lay_v upon_o such_o extent_n of_o city_n or_o village_n or_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n and_o there_o choose_v by_o lot_n to_o satisfy_v such_o bloody_a and_o inhuman_a tax_n these_o be_v often_o influence_v by_o the_o priest_n who_o when_o they_o see_v man_n grow_v negligent_a either_o in_o respect_n to_o themselves_o or_o devotion_n to_o their_o idol_n will_v send_v to_o tell_v the_o king_n that_o the_o god_n be_v hungry_a and_o thereupon_o the_o common_a tribute_n be_v raise_v so_o as_o that_o year_n the_o spaniard_n land_v and_o invade_v mexico_n there_o have_v be_v above_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n sacrifice_v to_o this_o cruel_a superstition_n and_o this_o be_v say_v to_o have_v give_v great_a occasion_n for_o the_o easy_a conquest_n of_o the_o spaniard_n by_o the_o willing_a revolt_v and_o submission_n of_o the_o native_n to_o any_o new_a dominion_n the_o same_o be_v observe_v to_o happen_v in_o peru_n by_o the_o general_a hatred_n and_o aversion_n of_o the_o people_n in_o that_o empire_n to_o atahualpa_n who_o be_v a_o bastard_n of_o the_o yncas_n family_n have_v first_o by_o practice_n and_o subtlety_n and_o afterward_o by_o cruelty_n and_o violence_n raise_v himself_o to_o the_o throne_n of_o peru_n and_o cut_v off_o with_o merciless_a cruelty_n all_o the_o masculine_a race_n of_o the_o true_a royal_a blood_n that_o be_v at_o man_n estate_n or_o near_o it_o after_o 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that_o court_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n return_v to_o venice_n and_o leave_v the_o world_n a_o large_a account_n of_o this_o voyage_n since_o his_o time_n and_o within_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o year_n several_a missionary_n friar_n and_o jesuit_n have_v upon_o devotion_n or_o command_n of_o their_o superior_n pierce_v with_o infinite_a pain_n and_o danger_n through_o these_o vast_a and_o savage_a region_n some_o from_o the_o mogul_n country_n some_o through_o armenia_n and_o persia_n and_o arrive_v at_o peking_n which_o i_o make_v no_o question_n by_o compare_v all_o their_o several_a account_n and_o relation_n be_v the_o same_o famous_a city_n that_o be_v call_v cambalu_n by_o paulus_n venetus_n seat_v in_o the_o northern_a province_n of_o china_n which_o be_v by_o he_o call_v cataya_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n in_o name_n be_v that_o when_o paulus_n venetus_n be_v there_o the_o cham_n of_o east_n tartary_n call_v cataya_n have_v possess_v himself_o by_o conquest_n 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empire_n consist_v of_o fifteen_o several_a kingdom_n which_o at_o least_o have_v be_v so_o of_o old_a though_o now_o govern_v as_o province_n by_o their_o several_a viceroy_n who_o yet_o live_v in_o greatness_n splendour_n and_o riches_n equal_a to_o great_a and_o sovereign_a king_n in_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o five_o capital_a city_n of_o mighty_a extent_n and_o magnificent_a building_n and_o one_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o twenty_o and_o one_o lesser_a city_n but_o all_o wall_a round_n the_o number_n of_o village_n be_v infinite_a and_o no_o country_n in_o the_o know_a world_n so_o full_a of_o inhabitant_n nor_o so_o improve_v by_o agriculture_n by_o infinite_a growth_n of_o numerous_a commodity_n by_o canal_n of_o incredible_a length_n conjunction_n of_o river_n convenience_n of_o way_n for_o the_o transportation_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o good_n and_o commodity_n from_o one_o province_n to_o another_o so_o as_o no_o country_n have_v so_o great_a 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it_o and_o all_o serve_v with_o such_o magnificence_n order_n and_o splendour_n that_o the_o audience_n of_o a_o foreign_a ambassador_n at_o peking_n seem_v a_o sight_n as_o great_a and_o noble_a as_o one_o of_o the_o triumph_n at_o rome_n as_o other_o nation_n be_v usual_o distinguish_v into_o noble_a and_o plebeian_n so_o that_o of_o china_n may_v be_v distinguish_v into_o learned_a and_o illiterate_a the_o last_o make_v up_o the_o body_n or_o mass_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v govern_v the_o first_o comprehend_v all_o the_o magistrate_n that_o govern_v and_o those_o who_o may_v in_o time_n or_o course_n succeed_v they_o in_o the_o magistracy_n for_o no_o other_o than_o the_o learned_a be_v ever_o employ_v in_o the_o government_n nor_o any_o in_o the_o great_a charge_n that_o be_v not_o of_o those_o rank_n or_o degree_n of_o learning_n that_o make_v they_o term_v sage_n or_o philosopher_n or_o doctor_n among_o they_o but_o to_o comprehend_v what_o this_o government_n of_o china_n be_v and_o what_o the_o person_n employ_v in_o it_o there_o will_v be_v a_o necessity_n of_o know_v what_o their_o learning_n be_v and_o how_o it_o make_v they_o fit_a for_o government_n very_o contrary_a to_o what_o we_o in_o europe_n be_v observe_v to_o do_v and_o the_o reason_n of_o such_o different_a effect_n from_o the_o same_o cause_n the_o two_o great_a hero_n of_o the_o chinese_n nation_n be_v fohu_n and_o confuchu_n who_o memory_n have_v always_o continue_v among_o they_o sacred_a and_o adore_v fohu_n live_v about_o four_o thousand_o year_n ago_o and_o be_v the_o first_o founder_n of_o their_o kingdom_n the_o progress_n whereof_o have_v ever_o since_o continue_v upon_o their_o record_n so_o clear_a that_o they_o be_v esteem_v by_o the_o missionary_n jesuit_n unquestionable_a and_o infallible_a for_o after_o the_o death_n of_o every_o king_n the_o successor_n appoint_v certain_a person_n to_o write_v the_o memorable_a action_n of_o his_o predecessor_n reign_v and_o of_o these_o a_o epitome_n be_v afterward_o draw_v and_o enter_v into_o their_o register_n fohu_n first_o reduce_v they_o from_o the_o common_a original_a life_n of_o mankind_n introduce_v agriculture_n wedlock_n distinction_n of_o sex_n by_o different_a habit_n law_n and_o order_n of_o government_n he_o invent_v character_n and_o leave_v several_a short_a table_n or_o write_n of_o astronomy_n or_o observation_n of_o the_o heaven_n of_o morality_n of_o physic_n and_o political_a government_n the_o character_n he_o use_v seem_v to_o have_v be_v parley_n strait_a line_n of_o different_a length_n and_o distinguish_v by_o different_a point_n and_o partly_o hieroglyphic_n and_o these_o in_o time_n be_v follow_v by_o character_n of_o which_o each_o express_a one_o word_n in_o these_o several_a way_n be_v for_o many_o century_n compose_v many_o book_n among_o the_o chinese_n in_o many_o sort_n of_o learning_n especial_o natural_a and_o moral_a philosophy_n astronomy_n astrology_n physic_n and_o agriculture_n something_o above_o two_o thousand_o year_n ago_o live_v confuchu_n the_o most_o learned_a wise_a and_o virtuous_a of_o all_o the_o chinese_n and_o for_o who_o both_o the_o king_n and_o magistrate_n in_o his_o own_o age_n and_o all_o of_o they_o in_o the_o age_n since_o seem_v to_o have_v have_v the_o great_a deference_n that_o have_v any_o where_o be_v render_v to_o any_o mortal_a man._n he_o write_v many_o tract_n and_o in_o they_o digest_v all_o the_o learning_n of_o the_o ancient_n even_o from_o the_o first_o write_v or_o table_n of_o fohu_n at_o least_o all_o that_o he_o think_v necessary_a or_o useful_a to_o mankind_n in_o their_o personal_a civil_a or_o political_a capacity_n which_o be_v then_o receive_v and_o since_o prosecute_v with_o so_o great_a esteem_n and_o veneration_n that_o none_o have_v question_v whatever_o he_o write_v but_o admit_v it_o as_o the_o true_a and_o best_a rule_n of_o opinion_n and_o life_n so_o that_o it_o be_v enough_o in_o all_o argument_n that_o confuchu_n have_v say_v it_o some_o time_n after_o live_v a_o king_n who_o to_o raise_v a_o new_a period_n of_o time_n from_o his_o own_o name_n and_o reign_v endeavour_v to_o abolish_v the_o memory_n of_o all_o that_o have_v pass_v before_o he_o and_o cause_v all_o book_n to_o be_v burn_v except_o those_o of_o physic_n and_o agriculture_n out_o of_o this_o ruin_n to_o learning_n escape_v either_o by_o chance_n or_o some_o private_a industry_n the_o epitome_n or_o register_n of_o the_o several_a succession_n of_o their_o king_n since_o fohu_n and_o the_o work_n of_o confuchu_n or_o at_o least_o a_o part_n of_o they_o which_o have_v late_o in_o france_n be_v print_v in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n with_o a_o learned_a preface_n by_o some_o of_o the_o missionary_n jesuit_n under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o work_n of_o confutius_n after_o the_o death_n of_o this_o tyrannous_a and_o ambitious_a king_n these_o write_n come_v abroad_o and_o be_v
the_o king_n and_o strict_a inquiry_n and_o question_n both_o of_o language_n and_o learning_n and_o much_o critic_n upon_o the_o several_a write_n produce_v by_o the_o several_a pretender_n and_o submit_v to_o the_o examiner_n this_o degree_n may_v resemble_v that_o of_o master_n of_o art_n in_o our_o college_n and_o be_v confer_v with_o a_o new_a badge_n belong_v to_o it_o the_o three_o degree_n may_v be_v compare_v to_o that_o of_o doctor_n among_o we_o in_o any_o of_o our_o science_n and_o be_v never_o confer_v but_o in_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n with_o great_a form_n and_o solemnity_n after_o much_o examine_n and_o deliberation_n of_o the_o person_n appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o of_o this_o degree_n there_o be_v never_o to_o be_v above_o three_o hundred_o at_o a_o time_n in_o the_o whole_a empire_n beside_o such_o as_o be_v actual_o in_o the_o magistracy_n or_o government_n who_o be_v all_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o person_n that_o have_v commence_v or_o attain_v this_o degree_n of_o learning_n upon_o the_o take_n each_o degree_n they_o repair_v to_o a_o temple_n of_o confutius_n which_o be_v erect_v in_o each_o city_n and_o adjoin_v to_o the_o college_n and_o there_o they_o perform_v the_o worship_n and_o ceremony_n appoint_v in_o honour_n of_o his_o memory_n as_o the_o great_a prince_n or_o hero_n of_o the_o learned_a of_o these_o person_n all_o their_o council_n and_o all_o their_o magistracy_n be_v compose_v out_o of_o these_o be_v choose_v all_o their_o chief_a officer_n and_o mandarine_n both_o civil_a and_o military_a with_o these_o the_o emperor_n and_o viceroy_n of_o province_n and_o general_n of_o army_n advise_v upon_o all_o great_a occasion_n and_o their_o learning_n and_o virtue_n make_v they_o esteem_v more_o able_a for_o the_o execution_n and_o discharge_n of_o all_o public_a employment_n than_o the_o long_a practice_n and_o experience_n in_o other_o country_n and_o when_o they_o come_v into_o army_n they_o be_v find_v brave_a and_o more_o generous_a in_o expose_v their_o life_n upon_o all_o great_a occasion_n than_o the_o bold_a soldier_n of_o their_o troop_n now_o for_o the_o government_n it_o be_v absolute_a monarchy_n there_o be_v no_o other_o law_n in_o china_n but_o the_o king_n order_n and_o command_n and_o it_o be_v likewise_o hereditary_a still_o descend_v to_o the_o next_o of_o blood_n but_o all_o order_n and_o command_n of_o the_o king_n proceed_v through_o his_o counsel_n and_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o recommendation_n or_o petition_n of_o the_o council_n proper_a and_o appoint_v for_o that_o affair_n so_o that_o all_o matter_n be_v debate_v determine_v and_o conclude_v by_o the_o several_a council_n and_o then_o upon_o their_o advice_n or_o request_n make_v to_o the_o king_n they_o be_v ratify_v and_o sign_v by_o he_o and_o so_o pass_v into_o law_n all_o great_a office_n of_o state_n be_v likewise_o confer_v by_o the_o king_n upon_o the_o same_o recommendation_n or_o petition_n of_o his_o several_a council_n so_o that_o none_o be_v prefer_v by_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o prince_n himself_o nor_o by_o favour_n of_o any_o minister_n by_o flattery_n or_o corruption_n but_o by_o force_n or_o appearance_n of_o merit_n of_o learning_n and_o of_o virtue_n which_o observe_v by_o the_o several_a council_n gain_v their_o recommendation_n or_o petition_n to_o the_o king_n the_o chief_a officer_n be_v either_o those_o of_o state_n reside_v constant_o at_o court_n and_o by_o who_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v govern_v or_o the_o provincial_a officer_n viceroy_n and_o magistrate_n or_o mandarines_n for_o the_o first_o there_o be_v in_o the_o imperial_a city_n at_o peking_n six_o several_a council_n or_o as_o some_o author_n affirm_v one_o great_a council_n that_o divide_v itself_o into_o six_o small_a but_o distinct_a branch_n some_o difference_n be_v also_o make_v by_o writer_n concern_v the_o nature_n or_o the_o business_n of_o these_o council_n but_o that_o which_o seem_v most_o general_o agree_v be_v that_o the_o first_o of_o these_o six_o be_v a_o council_n of_o state_n by_o who_o all_o officer_n through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v choose_v according_a to_o their_o learning_n and_o merit_n the_o second_o be_v the_o council_n of_o treasury_n which_o have_v inspection_n into_o the_o whole_a revenue_n and_o the_o receipt_n and_o payment_n that_o be_v make_v in_o or_o out_o of_o it_o the_o three_o take_v care_n of_o the_o temple_n offering_n feast_n and_o ceremony_n belong_v to_o they_o as_o likewise_o of_o learning_n and_o the_o school_n or_o college_n design_v for_o it_o the_o four_o be_v the_o council_n of_o war_n which_o dispose_v of_o all_o military_a office_n and_o honour_n and_o all_o matter_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n that_o be_v by_o the_o king_n command_n issue_v upon_o their_o representation_n the_o five_o take_v care_n of_o all_o the_o royal_a or_o public_a building_n and_o of_o their_o fleet_n and_o the_o six_o be_v a_o council_n or_o court_n of_o justice_n or_o judicature_n in_o all_o cause_n both_o civil_a and_o criminal_a each_o of_o these_o council_n have_v a_o precedent_n and_o two_o assistant_n or_o chief_a secretary_n whereof_o one_o sit_v at_o his_o right_n and_o the_o other_o on_o his_o left_a hand_n who_o digest_v and_o register_v the_o debate_n and_o order_n of_o the_o council_n and_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v in_o each_o council_n ten_o counsellor_n by_o these_o council_n the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n be_v govern_v through_o all_o the_o several_a kingdom_n that_o compose_v it_o and_o they_o have_v in_o each_o province_n particular_a officer_n intendant_o and_o notary_n from_o who_o they_o receive_v constant_a account_n and_o to_o who_o they_o send_v constant_a instruction_n concern_v all_o passage_n or_o affair_n of_o moment_n in_o any_o of_o the_o several_a province_n of_o the_o kingdom_n there_o be_v beside_o these_o six_o several_a small_a council_n as_o one_o for_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o king_n woman_n for_o his_o household_n and_o his_o domestic_a chancery_n or_o justice_n but_o above_o all_o be_v the_o council_n of_o the_o colaos_n or_o chief_a minister_n who_o be_v seldom_o above_o five_o or_o six_o in_o number_n but_o person_n of_o the_o most_o consummate_a prudence_n and_o experience_n who_o after_o have_v pass_v with_o great_a applause_n through_o the_o other_o council_n or_o government_n of_o province_n be_v at_o last_o advance_v to_o this_o supreme_a dignity_n and_o serve_v as_o a_o privy_a council_n or_o rather_o a_o junto_n sit_v with_o the_o emperor_n himself_o which_o be_v allow_v to_o none_o of_o the_o other_o to_o these_o be_v present_v all_o the_o result_v or_o request_n of_o the_o other_o council_n and_o be_v by_o their_o advice_n approve_v they_o be_v by_o the_o emperor_n sign_v and_o ratify_v and_o so_o dispatch_v these_o be_v always_o attend_v by_o some_o of_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o renown_a philosopher_n or_o sage_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o attend_v the_o emperor_n and_o serve_v he_o in_o receive_v all_o petition_n and_o give_v their_o opinion_n upon_o they_o to_o the_o emperor_n or_o the_o colaos_n as_o also_o upon_o any_o matter_n of_o great_a moment_n and_o difficulty_n when_o they_o be_v consult_v and_o these_o be_v choose_v out_o of_o two_o assembly_n reside_v at_o peking_n and_o consist_v of_o sixty_o man_n each_o but_o all_o choice_a person_n who_o wisdom_n and_o virtue_n be_v general_o know_v and_o applaud_v they_o be_v employ_v in_o all_o matter_n of_o learning_n and_o give_v necessary_a order_n therein_o keep_v all_o the_o public_a write_n and_o order_n and_o digest_v they_o register_n all_o law_n and_o order_n of_o state_n and_o out_o of_o these_o be_v appoint_v by_o each_o succeed_a king_n some_o person_n to_o relate_v and_o register_v the_o time_n and_o action_n of_o his_o predecessor_n they_o be_v at_o their_o leisure_n much_o give_v to_o poetry_n in_o which_o they_o compile_v the_o praise_n of_o virtuous_a 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of_o the_o janissary_n in_o so_o many_o encounter_n and_o such_o a_o universal_a discouragement_n of_o their_o troop_n that_o can_v no_o where_o withstand_v the_o german_a arm_n and_o bravery_n if_o upon_o the_o take_n of_o belgrade_n the_o emperor_n have_v be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o force_n then_o in_o his_o service_n unite_v under_o one_o great_a commander_n and_o without_o dependence_n upon_o the_o several_a prince_n by_o who_o they_o be_v raise_v i_o do_v not_o see_v what_o can_v have_v hinder_v they_o from_o conquer_a all_o before_o they_o in_o that_o open_a country_n of_o bulgaria_n and_o romania_n nor_o from_o take_v constantinople_n itself_o upon_o the_o course_n of_o a_o easy_a war_n in_o such_o a_o decline_v of_o the_o turkish_a empire_n with_o so_o weak_a and_o dispirited_a troop_n as_o those_o that_o remain_v a_o treasure_n so_o exhaust_v a_o court_n so_o divide_v and_o such_o a_o general_a consternation_n as_o appear_v in_o that_o great_a and_o multuous_a city_n 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officer_n employ_v by_o the_o empress_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o almoner_n who_o business_n be_v only_o that_o of_o charity_n and_o relief_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o distress_a and_o set_v free_a prisoner_n upon_o small_a debt_n or_o offence_n there_o be_v beside_o in_o each_o province_n a_o particular_a council_n to_o take_v care_n of_o learning_n and_o to_o appoint_v rule_n and_o examiner_n for_o the_o several_a degree_n thereof_o it_o be_v endless_a to_o enumerate_v all_o the_o excellent_a order_n of_o this_o state_n which_o seem_v contrive_v by_o a_o reach_n of_o sense_n and_o wisdom_n beyond_o what_o we_o meet_v with_o in_o any_o other_o government_n of_o the_o world_n but_o by_o some_o few_o the_o rest_n may_v be_v judge_v each_o prince_n of_o the_o royal_a blood_n have_v a_o revenue_n assign_v he_o and_o a_o city_n where_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o reside_v and_o never_o to_o stir_v out_o of_o it_o without_o the_o emperor_n leave_n all_o degree_n of_o people_n be_v distinguish_v 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mixture_n soon_o corrupt_v the_o purity_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n so_o that_o in_o lucan_n but_o more_o in_o seneca_n we_o find_v a_o great_a and_o harsh_a alloy_n enter_v into_o the_o style_n of_o the_o augustan_n age._n after_o trajan_n and_o adrian_n have_v subdue_v many_o german_a and_o scythian_a nation_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o danube_n the_o commerce_n of_o those_o barbarous_a people_n grow_v very_o frequent_a with_o the_o roman_n and_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o the_o little_a verse_n ascribe_v to_o adrian_n be_v in_o imitation_n of_o the_o runick_a poetry_n the_o scythicas_n pati_fw-la pruinas_fw-la of_o florus_n show_v their_o race_n or_o climate_n and_o the_o first_o rhyme_n that_o ever_o i_o read_v in_o latin_a with_o little_a allusion_n of_o letter_n or_o syllable_n be_v in_o that_o of_o adrian_n at_o his_o death_n o_o animula_fw-la vagula_fw-la blandula_fw-la quoe_fw-la nunc_fw-la abibis_fw-la in_o loca_fw-la palidula_fw-la lurida_fw-la timidula_fw-la 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of_o learning_n from_o the_o laity_n who_o may_v well_o admire_v it_o in_o what_o degree_n soever_o and_o reverence_n the_o professor_n when_o they_o themselves_o can_v neither_o write_v nor_o read_v even_o in_o their_o own_o language_n i_o mean_v not_o only_o the_o vulgar_a lay_v man_n but_o even_o the_o generality_n of_o noble_n baron_n and_o prince_n among_o they_o and_o this_o last_v till_o the_o ancient_a learning_n and_o language_n begin_v to_o be_v restore_v in_o europe_n about_o two_o hundred_o year_n ago_o the_o common_a vein_n of_o the_o gothick_n rune_n be_v what_o be_v term_v dithyrambic_a and_o be_v of_o a_o rave_v or_o ramble_a sort_n of_o wit_n or_o invention_n loose_a and_o flow_a with_o little_a art_n or_o confinement_n to_o any_o certain_a measure_n or_o rule_n yet_o some_o of_o it_o want_v not_o the_o true_a spirit_n of_o poetry_n in_o some_o degree_n or_o that_o natural_a inspiration_n which_o have_v be_v say_v to_o arise_v from_o some_o spark_n of_o poetical_a 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