of_o freeman_n of_o the_o city_n where_o it_o provide_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v implead_v or_o trouble_v at_o the_o exchequer_n or_o elsewhere_o by_o bill_n except_o it_o be_v by_o those_o thing_n which_o touch_v the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o how_o careful_a the_o city_n have_v be_v to_o keep_v foreigner_n from_o partake_v in_o the_o privilege_n of_o freeman_n appear_v from_o the_o act_n of_o common-hall_n return_v under_o the_o common_a seal_n into_o parliament_n 2._o 12_o e._n 2._o and_o there_o confirm_v whereby_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o if_o foreigner_n be_v of_o any_o mystery_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n without_o surety_n of_o six_o honest_a man_n of_o the_o mystery_n for_o their_o indempnify_v the_o city_n and_o if_o illius_fw-la they_o be_v of_o no_o mystery_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v admit_v without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o city_n that_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o mystery_n have_v their_o several_a gild_v or_o hall_n where_o the_o society_n or_o fraternity_n meet_v not_o to_o mention_v more_o authority_n appear_v by_o a_o charter_n of_o 68_o e._n 3._o recite_v one_o of_o e._n 1._o which_o recite_v h._n 2_o d_n grant_v to_o the_o weaver_n of_o london_n their_o gilled_a to_o hold_v in_o london_n with_o all_o liberty_n and_o custom_n which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n his_o grandfather_n which_o be_v h._n 1._o gilda_fw-la and_o that_o no_o man_n unless_o by_o they_o shall_v within_o the_o city_n meddle_v with_o their_o ministry_n unless_o he_o be_v in_o their_o gild._n as_o therefore_o the_o gilled_a be_v that_o company_n or_o the_o hall_n where_o the_o man_n of_o that_o mystery_n meet_v the_o common_a guildhall_n be_v where_o all_o the_o mystery_n or_o company_n meet_v 2._o that_o whosoever_o be_v legal_o entitle_v to_o the_o common_a hall_n be_v entitle_v to_o all_o the_o authority_n which_o the_o whole_a body_n ever_o have_v especial_o in_o those_o thing_n wherein_o the_o present_a possessor_n exercise_v any_o authority_n though_o they_o be_v not_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o man_n who_o use_v to_o assemble_v as_o long_o as_o they_o be_v a_o large_a part_n of_o that_o body_n may_v appear_v 1._o in_o that_o the_o folkmote_a in_o the_o open_a air_n and_o that_o in_o guildhall_n be_v ancient_o take_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n according_o i_o find_v etc._n a_o writ_n to_o the_o mayor_n sheriff_n and_o whole_a commonalty_n of_o the_o city_n require_v they_o to_o swear_v allegiance_n in_o their_o husting_n or_o at_o paul_n cross_n 2._o guildhall_n have_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n be_v the_o lond._n common-hall_n of_o the_o citizen_n and_o the_o assembly_n there_o have_v of_o all_o time_n before_o gihaldâ_fw-la the_o first_o suppose_v settlement_n of_o the_o livery_n common-hall_n and_o since_o gihaldâ_fw-la be_v account_v the_o assembly_n of_o all_o the_o commonalty_n as_o some_o entry_n have_v it_o of_o all_o the_o city_n as_o other_o and_o if_o the_o whole_a city_n can_v regular_o act_v together_o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o imagine_v that_o its_o act_n can_v be_v control_v by_o a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o great_a body_n 3._o the_o chief_a power_n of_o make_v by-law_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o city_n or_o burrough_n be_v a_o incident_a to_o the_o have_v a_o gilled_a or_o common-hall_n according_o in_o the_o 18._o reign_n of_o h._n 2._o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o baron_n grant_v to_o the_o man_n of_o beverlay_v in_o yorkshire_n etc._n their_o hanse_n that_o there_o they_o may_v treat_v of_o their_o statute_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o st._n john_n and_o the_o canon_n and_o for_o the_o better_n the_o whole_a town_n with_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o liberty_n as_o they_o of_o york_n have_v in_o their_o hanse_n h._n 2._o ibid._n confirm_v this_o grant_v to_o the_o man_n of_o beverlay_v free_a burgage_n according_a to_o the_o free_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o burgess_n of_o york_n and_o their_o gilled_a of_o merchant_n so_o that_o gilled_a be_v the_o same_o with_o hanse_n and_o hanse_v as_o bertius_n dicunt_fw-la tell_v we_o in_o the_o old_a german_a tongue_n signify_v a_o league_n or_o council_n according_a to_o this_o in_o a_o case_n which_o i_o shall_v have_v another_o occasion_n to_o mention_v the_o turn_v out_o of_o the_o council_n of_o the_o citizen_n be_v the_o turn_v out_o of_o the_o gilled_a and_o that_o be_v plain_o a_o disfranchisement_n 4_o such_o of_o the_o commons_o as_o have_v from_o time_n to_o time_n assemble_v in_o the_o common-hall_n have_v with_o other_o be_v a_o true_a common-council_n of_o the_o city_n and_o act_v as_o such_o since_o their_o number_n have_v be_v restrain_v as_o well_o as_o before_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o city_n have_v or_o make_v a_o common-council_n before_o any_o such_o restraint_n which_o be_v plain_o intimate_v in_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la j._n 17_o of_o k._n john_n which_o mention_v a_o common-council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whether_o only_o for_o aid_n belong_v to_o tenure_n of_o the_o crown_n or_o such_o a_o common-council_n as_o the_o city_n borough_n and_o village_n be_v at_o in_o person_n or_o by_o representation_n which_o d._n history_n brady_n at_o last_o yield_v need_v not_o here_o be_v determine_v add_v in_o like_a manner_n let_v it_o be_v concern_v the_o city_n of_o london_n that_o be_v that_o the_o city_n aid_n shall_v be_v tax_v in_o its_o common-council_n 3._o suitable_o to_o this_o 11_o h._n 3._o a_o tallage_n be_v assess_v in_o the_o city_n by_o the_o will_n of_o all_o the_o baron_n or_o citizen_n and_o thus_o the_o commonalty_n of_o london_n in_o the_o time_n of_o 1._o edw._n 1._o plead_v that_o the_o citizen_n and_o their_o heir_n and_o successor_n may_v for_o the_o necessity_n or_o profit_n of_o the_o city_n among_o themselves_o by_o their_o common_a assent_n assess_v and_o raise_v tallage_n without_o trouble_v the_o king_n so_o 3._o ipswich_n not_o to_o name_v other_o burrough_n have_v its_o common-council_n of_o the_o town_n etc._n etc._n and_o 25_o h._n 3._o i_o find_v the_o choice_n of_o sheriff_n in_o london_n by_o the_o common_a counsel_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o honest_a man_n of_o the_o city_n the_o husting_n i_o find_v to_o be_v the_o court_n of_o these_o honest_a man_n there_o they_o join_v with_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n in_o the_o grant_n of_o city-land_n be_v judge_n at_o trial_n and_o party_n in_o the_o make_n by-law_n prosecution_n for_o offence_n against_o the_o right_n of_o the_o city_n be_v in_o their_o name_n and_o quo_fw-la warranto_n upon_o suppose_a abuse_n of_o their_o liberty_n be_v bring_v against_o they_o and_o therefore_o they_o not_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o common-council_n now_o use_v that_o name_n those_o two_o great_a ornament_n of_o their_o profession_n the_o late_a and_o present_a chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n maintain_v with_o the_o strength_n inseparable_a from_o their_o argument_n that_o no_o act_n of_o the_o present_a common-council_n can_v be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o city-charter_n indeed_o as_o the_o clerk_n general_o favour_v the_o prerogative_n often_o exercise_v by_o the_o chair_n with_o the_o advice_n of_o private_a cabal_n i_o find_v a_o mayor_n 47_o h._n 3._o blame_v for_o make_v the_o alderman_n and_o great_a man_n useless_a while_o he_o do_v nothing_o without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o commonalty_n that_o they_o act_v as_o a_o council_n and_o exercise_v a_o judicial_a power_n at_o the_o husting_n after_o that_o time_n i_o may_v show_v by_o numerous_a instance_n but_o shall_v here_o content_v myself_o with_o one_o 3_o e._n 1._o 1._o which_o be_v in_o the_o judgement_n against_o hervey_n abovementioned_a who_o though_o he_o be_v the_o darling_n of_o the_o people_n when_o he_o be_v choose_v chief_a magistrate_n be_v soon_o overcome_v with_o the_o infection_n of_o the_o chair_n some_o time_n after_o his_o mayoralty_n the_o mayor_n and_o placitanda_fw-la citizen_n have_v meet_v in_o guildhall_n for_o try_v common_a plea_n a_o dispute_n arise_v before_o all_o the_o people_n between_o hervey_n and_o the_o than_o mayor_n and_o it_o seem_v hervey_n party_n there_o be_v then_o the_o strong_a for_o the_o mayor_n find_v himself_o oblige_v to_o withdraw_v and_o make_v complaint_n to_o the_o king_n the_o etc._n next_o day_n the_o mayor_n and_o citizen_n return_v to_o guildhall_n to_o finish_v the_o plea_n depend_v before_o they_o a_o roll_n be_v show_v and_o read_v before_o all_o the_o people_n contain_v several_a notorious_a article_n of_o hervey_n presumption_n one_o of_o which_o be_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o etc._n his_o mayoralty_n he_o act_v contrary_a to_o the_o ordinance_n make_v by_o the_o alderman_n and_o discreet_a man_n of_o the_o city_n another_o be_v that_o he_o use_v
the_o right_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o commons_z of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o their_o common-hall_n assemble_v particular_o in_o the_o choice_n and_o discharge_v of_o their_o sheriff_n assert_v and_o clear_v in_o answer_n to_o the_o vindication_n of_o the_o lord-mayor_n court_n of_o alderman_n and_o common-council_n london_n print_v in_o the_o year_n mdcxcv_o the_o right_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o their_o common_a hall_n assemble_v particular_o in_o the_o choice_n and_o discharge_v of_o their_o sheriff_n assert_v and_o clear_v in_o answer_n to_o the_o vindication_n of_o the_o lord-mayor_n court_n of_o alderman_n and_o common-council_n if_o the_o present_a controversy_n in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v unhappy_a and_o ill-timed_a the_o blame_n of_o continue_v if_o not_o of_o raise_v it_o must_v fall_v upon_o that_o side_n which_o shall_v appear_v to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o wrong_n but_o since_o such_o a_o contest_v be_v begin_v in_o some_o respect_v the_o present_a time_n may_v be_v think_v propitious_a for_o bring_v it_o to_o a_o fair_a decision_n for_o 1._o there_o be_v the_o less_o danger_n in_o it_o because_o it_o happen_v chief_o among_o man_n unite_v in_o the_o same_o cause_n and_o common_a interest_n who_o have_v always_o stand_v up_o for_o the_o right_n of_o the_o city_n and_o be_v likely_a to_o manage_v the_o question_n who_o be_v principal_o entrust_v with_o the_o care_n of_o its_o right_n without_o animosity_n and_o quiet_o to_o submit_v to_o authority_n or_o conviction_n 2._o the_o learning_n and_o integrity_n of_o the_o present_a judge_n and_o the_o independency_n of_o their_o place_n assure_v the_o right_a side_n of_o justice_n 3._o if_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o they_o will_v be_v influence_v by_o the_o court_n it_o be_v a_o happiness_n that_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n to_o suspect_v that_o our_o present_a ministry_n shall_v interpose_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o either_o right_n and_o as_o no_o prince_n who_o be_v not_o true_o popular_a himself_o can_v be_v please_v to_o have_v power_n lodge_v in_o any_o great_a body_n of_o his_o people_n the_o common_a hall_n can_v not_o in_o any_o reign_n but_o this_o since_o queen_n elizabeth_n have_v expect_v to_o bring_v on_o their_o cause_n without_o great_a disadvantage_n and_o certain_a it_o be_v there_o never_o be_v so_o great_a a_o body_n of_o man_n of_o more_o steady_a loyalty_n to_o their_o prince_n than_o this_o common_a hall_n be_v to_o his_o present_a majesty_n king_n william_n yet_o i_o can_v but_o hope_n that_o this_o controversy_n may_v be_v end_v without_o recourse_n to_o westminster-hall_n or_o the_o last_o resort_n to_o parliament_n for_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v there_o want_v nothing_o to_o the_o quiet_v the_o controversy_n but_o the_o set_n it_o in_o a_o true_a light_n which_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o do_v with_o that_o faithfulness_n and_o impartiality_n which_o become_v a_o constant_a servant_n to_o truth_n and_o the_o old_a english_a liberty_n but_o i_o must_v premise_v that_o though_o the_o author_n of_o the_o pretend_a modest_a essay_n run_v the_o dispute_n as_o high_a as_o if_o the_o common-council_n and_o common-hall_n be_v like_o rome_n and_o carthage_n the_o sole_a point_n now_o in_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o lord-mayor_n and_o court_n of_o alderman_n by_o themselves_o question_n or_o in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o common-council_n as_o now_o compose_v or_o act_v have_v rightful_a power_n to_o discharge_v any_o person_n who_o the_o citizen_n assemble_v in_o common-hall_n have_v choose_v sheriff_n and_o to_o exempt_v he_o or_o other_o from_o the_o service_n for_o a_o year_n or_o year_n to_o come_v bate_v what_o relate_v to_o the_o high_a controversy_n he_o use_v but_o three_o topic_n to_o justify_v the_o defeat_n or_o vacate_v the_o election_n of_o the_o common-hall_n i._o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n 40_o &_o 41_o eliz._n ii_o by-law_n iii_o custom_n every_o one_o of_o which_o i_o shall_v show_v to_o be_v full_o against_o he_o and_o that_o both_o such_o by-law_n and_o custom_n unless_o of_o another_o nature_n than_o be_v or_o can_v be_v pretend_v will_v be_v absolute_o void_a i._o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v no_o more_o in_o substance_n than_o this_o eliz._n that_o though_o the_o choice_n of_o officer_n in_o city_n and_o town_n incorporate_v by_o charter_n be_v grant_v to_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n or_o the_o like_a yet_o ancient_a and_o usual_a election_n by_o a_o certain_a select_a number_n be_v warrantable_a by_o reason_n of_o by-law_n make_v to_o avoid_v popular_a confusion_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o power_n of_o make_v by-law_n give_v by_o the_o charter_n and_o that_o though_o such_o by-law_n can_v be_v find_v they_o shall_v be_v presume_v and_o that_o this_o be_v by_o common_a assent_n because_o of_o such_o especial_a manner_n of_o ancient_a and_o continual_a election_n and_o according_a to_o this_o resolution_n the_o election_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n but_o since_o the_o common-council_n do_v not_o pretend_v to_o choose_v the_o sheriff_n otherwise_o than_o as_o part_v of_o the_o common-hall_n which_o have_v long_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o this_o right_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v so_o far_o from_o prove_v the_o pretend_a authority_n of_o the_o common-council_n to_o set_v aside_o election_n make_v by_o the_o great_a body_n of_o the_o city_n that_o it_o manifest_v the_o illegality_n of_o the_o attempt_n since_o according_a to_o this_o resolution_n the_o common-hall_n be_v to_o this_o purpose_n at_o least_o not_o only_o the_o full_a but_o the_o true_a representative_a or_o the_o body_n of_o citizen_n pacis_fw-la who_o according_a to_o grotius_n his_o distinction_n be_v the_o common_a subject_n of_o this_o power_n while_o their_o representative_n assemble_v in_o common-hall_n be_v the_o proper_a subject_n by_o which_o it_o be_v exercise_v and_o if_o it_o be_v admit_v that_o a_o authority_n to_o make_v this_o power_n useless_a or_o to_o weary_v they_o out_o of_o it_o be_v by_o some_o by-law_n give_v to_o the_o common-council_n as_o now_o compose_v or_o that_o the_o custom_n have_v so_o long_o be_v on_o their_o side_n that_o such_o a_o by-law_n be_v now_o to_o be_v presume_v yet_o it_o be_v very_o evident_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o warrant_v it_o in_o that_o resolution_n for_o beside_o that_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v already_o it_o only_o concern_v election_n 1._o the_o case_n be_v only_o of_o such_o provision_n as_o have_v be_v make_v or_o be_v presumable_a to_o have_v be_v make_v to_o avoid_v popular_a confusion_n which_o the_o common-council_n may_v if_o they_o please_v urge_v for_o the_o set_n aside_o the_o usage_n for_o election_n in_o common-hall_n but_o then_o they_o must_v consider_v that_o a_o arbitrary_a court_n will_v be_v sure_a to_o fight_v they_o with_o their_o own_o weapon_n and_o with_o parity_n of_o reason_n to_o set_v they_o aside_o and_o i_o submit_v it_o to_o their_o calm_a consideration_n whether_o the_o indefeazibleness_n of_o election_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o those_o who_o make_v they_o or_o the_o defeat_v they_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o other_o and_o from_o time_n to_o time_n require_v a_o new_a choice_n be_v the_o most_o likely_a to_o occasion_v popular_a confusion_n 2._o the_o case_n put_v be_v only_o of_o corporation_n by_o charter_n and_o derive_v their_o power_n of_o make_v by-law_n from_o such_o charter_n in_o most_o if_o not_o all_o of_o which_o that_o power_n be_v by_o the_o charter_n lodge_v in_o a_o select_a â—umber_n there_o appoint_v when_o as_o i_o shall_v show_v the_o citizen_n of_o london_n be_v a_o body_n politic_a with_o power_n of_o make_v law_n for_o the_o welfare_n of_o the_o city_n and_o have_v the_o choice_n of_o their_o portreve_n since_o call_v mayor_n and_o of_o the_o sheriff_n of_o their_o â—ity_n by_o prescription_n before_o they_o have_v any_o charter_n which_o if_o they_o have_v though_o the_o sheriffwick_n of_o middlesex_n be_v annex_v to_o london_n by_o charter_n that_o will_v fall_v under_o the_o same_o government_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o authority_n independent_a on_o any_o charter_n especial_o if_o such_o annexation_n have_v be_v before_o time_n of_o memory_n and_o confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o further_a yet_o if_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o no_o charter_n to_o the_o city_n of_o london_n about_o make_v by-law_n appoint_v any_o select_a number_n for_o the_o exercise_v of_o this_o power_n it_o will_v if_o possible_o be_v more_o evident_a that_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n have_v nothing_o to_o support_v the_o authority_n claim_v by_o the_o present_a common-council_n however_o it_o must_v be_v remember_v that_o the_o resolution_n say_v such_o especial_a manner_n of_o ancient_a and_o continual_a election_n
transact_v in_o the_o first_o common-hall_n where_o richmond_n petition_v the_o whole_a commons_o as_o well_o as_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n for_o a_o discharge_v which_o he_o can_v not_o then_o obtain_v and_o further_o the_o commons_o agree_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v commit_v to_o prison_n wherein_o they_o with_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n act_v as_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o common-council_n if_o the_o council_n of_o the_o city_n which_o urge_v a_o act_n of_o common-council_n be_v the_o common-council_n itself_o than_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o they_o act_v there_o but_o as_o of_o counsel_n or_o advice_n to_o the_o common-hall_n in_o which_o that_o entry_n place_v the_o authority_n of_o discharge_v if_o they_o be_v the_o city_n counsel_n at_o law_n who_o mention_v this_o then_o the_o common-council_n have_v no_o share_n in_o any_o part_n of_o that_o transaction_n otherwise_o than_o as_o part_v of_o the_o common-council_n in_o common-hall_n assemble_v who_o consent_v to_o the_o commit_v richmond_n still_o some_o will_v hang_v upon_o that_o part_n of_o the_o entry_n concern_v the_o second_o common-hall_n where_o richmond_n be_v say_v to_o be_v discharge_v by_o the_o say_a common-counsail_n there_o hold_v when_o it_o manifest_o be_v the_o very_a same_o body_n of_o man_n to_o who_o he_o petition_v for_o a_o discharge_v which_o he_o can_v not_o then_o obtain_v and_o by_o who_o consent_n he_o be_v commit_v to_o prison_n for_o his_o disobedience_n and_o obstinacy_n to_o give_v colour_n to_o their_o sense_n they_o must_v have_v it_o that_o though_o richmond_n sue_v to_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z common-council_n and_o common_a who_o will_v not_o then_o discharge_v he_o and_o though_o after_o he_o have_v fine_v all_o meet_v to_o discharge_v he_o and_o choose_v another_o yet_o the_o commons_o meet_v only_o to_o choose_v another_o and_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common-council_n to_o discharge_v he_o and_o though_o the_o discharge_v be_v plain_o show_v to_o have_v be_v in_o common-hall_n where_o the_o common-council_n can_v pretend_v to_o act_v as_o a_o council_n with_o authority_n and_o that_o at_o length_n after_o the_o commons_o as_o well_o as_o the_o common-council_n have_v be_v apply_v to_o by_o the_o recorder_n yet_o they_o must_v fancy_n that_o the_o common-council_n withdraw_v out_o of_o the_o common-hall_n and_o go_v up_o to_o the_o council-chamber_n to_o make_v a_o particular_a order_n for_o his_o discharge_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o mention_n or_o intimation_n in_o relation_n to_o that_o second_o common-hall_n but_o as_o this_o be_v mere_a imagination_n not_o only_o without_o ground_n but_o direct_o contrary_a to_o the_o careful_a and_o solemn_a entry_n of_o the_o proceed_n from_o the_o beginning_n to_o the_o end_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o common-council_n be_v but_o part_n of_o the_o common-counsail_n there_o hold_v consist_v of_o mayor_n aldermen_z common-council_n and_o other_o commoner_n infra_fw-la far_o yet_o if_o it_o shall_v appear_v by_o other_o evidence_n as_o i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o it_o will_v that_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n with_o their_o officer_n and_o council_n assemble_v in_o their_o common-hall_n or_o other_o folk-mote_n in_o their_o own_o person_n or_o by_o representation_n have_v from_o long_a before_o the_o repute_a conquest_n to_o this_o day_n be_v and_o continue_v the_o common-council_n of_o the_o city_n and_o that_o the_o common-hall_n wherein_o richmond_n be_v discharge_v from_o serve_a sheriff_n be_v a_o true_a representative_a of_o all_o the_o commons_o it_o will_v be_v certain_a that_o all_o together_o be_v proper_o call_v a_o common-counsail_n and_o if_o the_o common-hall_n as_o now_o compose_v be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o which_o discharge_v richmond_n it_o will_v also_o follow_v that_o the_o right_n of_o discharge_v belong_v to_o this_o common-hall_n and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o true_a common-counsail_n or_o rather_o council_n of_o the_o city_n take_v all_o the_o precedent_n together_o as_o they_o strengthen_v and_o give_v light_a to_o one_o another_o and_o i_o think_v there_o can_v be_v no_o question_n but_o they_o will_v so_o explain_v and_o govern_v follow_v order_n of_o common-council_n that_o not_o one_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v take_v as_o a_o precedent_n to_o the_o contrary_a unless_o it_o can_v be_v show_v that_o the_o person_n discharge_v by_o the_o common-council_n have_v be_v look_v upon_o in_o law_n as_o due_o discharge_v before_o the_o commons_o have_v allow_v of_o the_o discharge_v by_o proceed_v to_o a_o new_a choice_n and_o even_o though_o they_o absolute_o refuse_v to_o choose_v again_o however_o lest_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v eliz._n that_o all_o the_o entry_n since_o the_o reign_n of_o h._n viii_o to_o 7_o car._n i._o when_o the_o order_n be_v make_v on_o which_o the_o vindicator_n lay_v his_o chief_a stress_n be_v on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o common-council_n i_o shall_v give_v the_o word_n of_o the_o journal_n of_o the_o common-hall_n 1_o eliz._n which_o may_v govern_v all_o the_o entry_n to_o 7_o car._n i._n common_a hall_n in_o congregatione_fw-la majoris_fw-la aldror_n '_o &_o communitatis_fw-la civitatis_fw-la lond_n '_o apud_fw-la cuihalde_fw-es xxi_o die_v sept_n '_o anno_fw-la reg_n '_n dnae_fw-la eliz._n dei_fw-la grat_n '_o angelo_fw-mi '_o francia_fw-la &_o hiberniae_fw-la reg_n '_n fidei_fw-la defensor_fw-la '_o etc._n etc._n primo_fw-la forasmuch_o as_o mr._n walter_n jobson_n citizen_n and_o clothworker_n of_o the_o say_a city_n of_o london_n who_o be_v lawful_o elect_v and_o choose_v the_o 11_o day_n of_o august_n last_o pass_v by_o the_o commons_o of_o this_o city_n one_o of_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o same_o city_n and_o of_o the_o county_n of_o middlesex_n for_o the_o year_n next_o ensue_v after_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n michael_n the_o archangel_n now_o next_o ensue_v have_v since_o that_o time_n signify_v and_o give_v sufficient_a knowledge_n unto_o my_o say_a lord-mayor_n and_o alderman_n that_o he_o by_o reason_n of_o sickness_n and_o debility_n of_o body_n wherewith_o he_o a_o long_a time_n have_v be_v and_o yet_o be_v fore_o vex_v detain_v and_o trouble_v as_o he_o say_v be_v not_o in_o any_o wise_a able_a to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o exercise_v and_o execution_n of_o the_o same_o office_n according_o in_o consideration_n whereof_o the_o say_v commons_o have_v this_o day_n eftsoons_o assemble_v for_o the_o election_n of_o one_o other_o able_a and_o sufficient_a person_n to_o bear_v and_o exercise_v the_o say_a room_n and_o office_n of_o shrievalty_n for_o the_o say_a time_n in_o the_o stead_n aâ—d_v place_v of_o the_o say_a mr._n jobson_n do_v this_o day_n elect_v and_o choose_v mr._n roger_n martin_n alderman_n one_o of_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o say_a city_n and_o county_n of_o middlesex_n to_o have_v occupy_v and_o exercise_v the_o say_a office_n of_o shrievalty_n from_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n michael_n the_o archangel_n now_o next_o come_n unto_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n michael_n the_o archangel_n than_o next_o ensue_v accord_v to_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o this_o city_n in_o that_o behalf_n here_o observe_v 1._o that_o in_o the_o first_o of_o eliz._n the_o common-hall_n be_v a_o court_n which_o keep_v the_o journal_o of_o its_o proceed_n 2._o that_o the_o matter_n of_o which_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n have_v take_v cognizance_n be_v not_o within_o any_o by-law_n so_o that_o they_o can_v not_o pretend_v to_o any_o authority_n to_o discharge_v nor_o be_v it_o say_v that_o the_o party_n be_v discharge_v though_o they_o be_v satisfy_v that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v wherefore_o this_o matter_n represent_v to_o the_o common-hall_n can_v be_v no_o more_o than_o as_o the_o opinion_n and_o advice_n of_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n 3._o according_o the_o common-hall_n take_v the_o matter_n into_o consideration_n for_o they_o be_v assemble_v for_o the_o election_n of_o another_o do_v elect_v in_o consideration_n of_o the_o matter_n represent_v to_o they_o in_o common-hall_n 4._o to_o put_v this_o matter_n beyond_o controversy_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o no_o common-council_n be_v hold_v upon_o this_o occasion_n and_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n of_o authority_n or_o ancient_a usage_n pretend_v for_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n to_o discharge_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o common-council_n therefore_o mr._n jobson_n must_v have_v be_v discharge_v by_o the_o common-hall_n or_o otherwise_o he_o continue_v sheriff_n which_o it_o be_v certain_a he_o do_v not_o 5._o no_o other_o discharge_n of_o the_o party_n be_v mention_v or_o imply_v than_o the_o common-hall_n proceed_v to_o a_o new_a choice_n and_o if_o in_o any_o follow_a instance_n they_o have_v proceed_v to_o new_a election_n upon_o such_o inducement_n as_o they_o have_v at_o the_o respective_a time_n whether_o upon_o take_v fine_n or_o otherwise_o the_o entry_n of_o clerk_n can_v be_v no_o prejudice_n
to_o their_o right_n so_o manifest_a upon_o many_o entry_n in_o the_o common-hall_n journal_o according_a to_o what_o be_v say_v in_o slade_n 93._o case_n the_o return_v of_o sheriff_n or_o entry_n of_o clerk_n without_o challenge_n of_o the_o party_n or_o consideration_n of_o the_o court_n be_v contrary_a to_o common_a law_n and_o reason_n be_v not_o allowable_a and_o therefore_o whatever_o may_v have_v be_v enter_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o common-council_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o common-hall_n ever_o admit_v any_o man_n to_o have_v be_v discharge_v till_o they_o have_v actual_o consent_v to_o it_o or_o do_v it_o virtual_o in_o choose_v another_o in_o his_o stead_n and_o the_o same_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o exemption_n of_o which_o i_o will_v admit_v there_o be_v some_o instance_n to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o common-council_n law_n 4_o the_o that_o no_o man_n be_v ever_o due_o discharge_v or_o exempt_v till_o there_o be_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o common-hall_n may_v sufficient_o appear_v by_o what_o i_o have_v show_v of_o the_o by-law_n and_o custom_n in_o this_o matter_n and_o yet_o if_o both_o favour_v the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common-council_n i_o shall_v make_v it_o evident_a that_o they_o will_v be_v void_a in_o law_n to_o which_o purpose_n i_o shall_v show_v 1._o that_o the_o exempt_n a_o person_n from_o be_v choose_a sheriff_n within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o the_o discharge_n or_o amove_v one_o choose_v be_v contrary_a to_o the_o common-law_n right_o of_o the_o elector_n 2._o that_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o their_o charter_n confirm_v by_o parliament_n 3._o that_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o other_o act_n of_o parliament_n declaratory_a of_o the_o common-law_n have_v so_o vest_v the_o exemption_n and_o discharge_n in_o the_o elector_n that_o if_o their_o free_a consent_n out_o of_o parliament_n may_v divest_v they_o of_o it_o for_o certain_a nothing_o less_o can_v 4._o that_o they_o have_v never_o part_v with_o or_o quit_v it_o yet_o if_o they_o have_v be_v restore_v to_o their_o right_n by_o his_o present_a majesty_n gracious_a act_n of_o restitution_n law-right_a a_o canon_n of_o waltham_n have_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o h._n 6._o be_v arrest_v by_o a_o sergeant_n of_o the_o city_n in_o the_o close_a of_o st._n martin_n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr the_o legality_n of_o it_o come_v in_o question_n because_o of_o the_o pretend_a privilege_n of_o that_o place_n grant_v by_o w._n 1._o there_o call_v conqueror_n the_o mayor_n and_o citizen_n justify_v and_o say_v all_z the_o close_o be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v and_o of_o all_o time_n beyond_o memory_n of_o man_n be_v of_o and_o in_o the_o liberty_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o say_a city_n for_o the_o verify_n which_o they_o say_v and_o show_v divers_a reason_n and_o evidence_n first_o they_o say_v that_o the_o say_a city_n be_v and_o beyond_o memory_n of_o man_n be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o england_n before_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o the_o same_o adorn_v as_o well_o with_o honour_n as_o liberty_n and_o very_o many_o free_a custom_n of_o divers_a kind_n for_o it_o be_v found_v of_o old_a by_o the_o famous_a progenitor_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n that_o now_o be_v after_o the_o likeness_n and_o manner_n and_o in_o memory_n of_o ancient_n troy_n the_o great_a and_o from_o hence_o be_v long_o call_v trinovant_n which_o city_n in_o the_o time_n of_o st._n edward_n king_n and_o confessor_n and_o of_o all_o time_n before_o be_v of_o itself_o and_o in_o itself_o one_o sole_a and_o entire_a county_n and_o one_o sole_a and_o entire_a jurisdiction_n and_o liberty_n hold_v at_o farm_n by_o the_o say_a citizen_n and_o their_o predecessor_n of_o the_o say_a king_n and_o his_o predecessor_n and_o the_o same_o citizen_n then_o and_o from_o all_o the_o time_n aforesaid_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o say_a jurisdiction_n and_o liberty_n have_v among_o other_o such_o liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n to_o wit_n to_o choose_v and_o make_v of_o themselves_o every_o year_n certain_a principal_a officer_n in_o the_o say_v â—â—â—y_v who_o may_v faithful_o answer_v the_o king_n of_o the_o say_a farm_n and_o immediate_o under_o he_o the_o people_n of_o the_o say_a city_n and_o other_o resort_v to_o the_o same_o in_o peace_n and_o justice_n according_a to_o its_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n to_o rule_v and_o also_o they_o can_v ought_v and_o for_o all_o the_o time_n aforesaid_a use_v to_o make_v other_o minister_n under_o they_o in_o aid_n of_o the_o sustain_n and_o 〈◊〉_d â—â—ising_v the_o premise_n so_o that_o all_o the_o say_a time_n no_o summons_n attachment_n distress_n or_o execution_n aught_o or_o use_v to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o say_v close_o now_o be_v nor_o elsewhere_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o city_n unless_o by_o the_o officer_n and_o minister_n aforesaid_a except_o on_o their_o failure_n and_o they_o say_v that_o the_o say_a lord_n william_n the_o conqueror_n before_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o church_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o make_v the_o say_a charter_n of_o which_o before_o be_v mention_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o his_o parliament_n and_o by_o two_o charter_n which_o the_o say_a mayor_n and_o city_n here_o proffer_v to_o wit_n by_o one_o of_o they_o demise_v to_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n the_o whole_a say_a city_n and_o county_n with_o all_o its_o appendence_n thing_n and_o custom_n to_o they_o in_o any_o manner_n appertain_v and_o by_o the_o other_o he_o grant_v and_o by_o the_o authority_n aforesaid_a confirm_v to_o the_o same_o citizen_n and_o their_o successor_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o say_v and_o all_o other_o their_o liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n unhurt_a which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_v holy_a king_n edward_n his_o progenitor_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v peaceable_o use_v and_o enjoy_v they_o etc._n etc._n and_o speak_v of_o other_o king_n his_o successor_n which_o king_n several_o some_o by_o their_o charter_n and_o some_o by_o their_o charter_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o divers_a their_o parliament_n grant_v and_o confirm_v to_o the_o say_a citizen_n and_o their_o successor_n all_o the_o say_a city_n and_o county_n with_o all_o the_o right_n jurisdiction_n liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n beforementioned_a with_o their_o appurtenance_n whatsoever_o in_o fee_n farm_n indeed_o i_o find_v no_o judgement_n upon_o this_o but_o it_o seem_v the_o plea_n quiet_v the_o dispute_n that_o the_o plea_n be_v right_o found_v may_v appear_v from_o two_o considerable_a authority_n not_o to_o name_v more_o 1._o the_o etc._n confessor_n law_n receive_v and_o swear_v to_o by_o wil._n 1._o more_o than_o once_o out_o of_o which_o the_o passage_n concern_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o city_n and_o its_o be_v found_v in_o imitation_n and_o in_o memory_n of_o old_a troy_n be_v transcribe_v that_o law_n derive_v the_o city_n law_n right_n liberty_n and_o royal_a custom_n from_o its_o first_o foundation_n and_o say_v it_o have_v preserve_v they_o with_o a_o entire_a inviolability_n and_o consequent_o affirm_v those_o law_n right_n liberty_n and_o royal_a custom_n to_o have_v be_v at_o common_a law_n before_o any_o charter_n a_o 23._o charter_n pass_v in_o parliament_n 1_o e._n 3._o and_o at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o city_n express_v by_o the_o recorder_n 3._o enroll_v in_o the_o king's-bench_n soon_o after_o this_o charter_n mention_v the_o great_a charter_n confirmation_n of_o all_o the_o city_n ancient_a liberty_n and_o custom_n add_v that_o at_o the_o make_n of_o that_o charter_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n king_n and_o confessor_n and_o of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o other_o e._n 3_o d_n progenitor_n the_o say_a citizen_n have_v divers_a liberty_n and_o custom_n as_o well_o by_o charter_n of_o king_n as_o without_z of_o ancient_a custom_n where_o the_o custom_n be_v lay_v from_o before_o the_o repute_a conquest_n and_o thus_o their_o plea_n above_o which_o i_o find_v likewise_o plead_v or_o prepare_v 8._o 25_o h._n 8._o be_v in_o effect_n warrant_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o charter_n to_o st._n martin_n which_o occasion_v this_o plea_n be_v grant_v 2_o will._n 1._o and_o that_o in_o parliament_n for_o it_o be_v at_o the_o queen_n coronation_n which_o as_o appear_v co_fw-la by_o the_o old_a ritual_n and_o history_n can_v not_o then_o be_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o state_n though_o in_o the_o charter_n to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o tower_n by_o inspeximus_fw-la there_o be_v word_n exempt_n the_o place_n from_o all_o secular_a jurisdiction_n yet_o the_o whole_a county_n of_o london_n be_v the_o city_n farm_n jurisdiction_n in_o every_o part_n of_o it_o be_v such_o a_o incident_a as_o can_v not_o be_v take_v away_o by_o
general_a word_n in_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n according_a to_o a_o case_n rege_fw-la 2_o e._n 3._o wherein_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o though_o the_o stat._n of_o westminster_n give_v a_o attaint_n against_o a_o jury_n for_o a_o false_a verdict_n a_o attaint_n will_v not_o lie_v upon_o a_o verdict_n in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n because_o of_o the_o credit_n the_o oath_n of_o a_o city-jury_n have_v by_o prescription_n before_o the_o statute_n since_o therefore_o the_o county_n of_o london_n be_v the_o city_n farm_n and_o of_o such_o a_o nature_n office_n that_o what_o belong_v to_o the_o farm_n be_v not_o separable_a by_o the_o general_a word_n of_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n neither_o will_v the_o discharge_n the_o sheriff_n otherwise_o than_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o elector_n that_o be_v of_o the_o city_n due_o represent_v at_o least_o for_o that_o purpose_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o elector_n by_o a_o less_o authority_n than_o a_o parliament_n and_o if_o a_o parliament_n can_v do_v it_o by_o general_a or_o doubtful_a word_n much_o less_o can_v any_o other_o but_o to_o evince_v that_o the_o discharge_n or_o amove_v be_v incident_a to_o the_o right_n of_o the_o election_n i_o must_v observe_v that_o in_o other_o county_n which_o be_v not_o of_o fee_n though_o the_o choice_n of_o sheriff_n be_v at_o common_a law_n in_o the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o county_n yet_o the_o sheriff_n have_v their_o commission_n and_o authority_n from_o the_o king_n and_o as_o they_o have_v their_o several_a bailywick_n under_o they_o they_o be_v and_o be_v the_o king_n bailiff_n of_o the_o whole_a county_n which_o in_o many_o record_n be_v style_v their_o etc._n balliva_n or_o bailywick_n and_o though_o ordinary_o the_o king_n constitute_v they_o his_o bailiff_n for_o a_o year_n they_o at_o common_a law_n be_v amoveable_a at_o his_o pleasure_n but_o as_o the_o county_n of_o london_n be_v the_o city_n farm_n it_o be_v the_o sheriff_n bailywick_n under_o the_o city_n who_o election_n and_o confirmation_n constitute_v he_o sheriff_n without_o any_o commission_n from_o the_o king_n and_o because_o the_o city_n be_v answerable_a to_o the_o king_n if_o the_o sheriff_n be_v not_o able_a though_o not_o for_o his_o crime_n which_o several_a charter_n provide_v against_o the_o sheriff_n use_v ancient_o to_o find_v 1._o surety_n to_o indempnify_v the_o city_n the_o sheriff_n therefore_o be_v but_o bailiff_n to_o the_o elector_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v amoveable_a or_o dischargeable_a by_o they_o and_o consequent_o by_o they_o only_o unless_o we_o suppose_v two_o supreme_a power_n within_o the_o city_n which_o according_a to_o christianae_n grotius_n argument_n against_o the_o plurality_n of_o god_n be_v absolute_o inconsistent_a 2._o if_o there_o be_v any_o question_n whether_o the_o discharge_n sheriff_n at_o common_a law_n belong_v to_o the_o elector_n charter_n confirm_v by_o parliament_n put_v it_o beyond_o dispute_n in_o a_o charter_n inspeximus_n 1_o joh._n after_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o sherifwick_n of_o london_n and_o middlesex_n with_o all_o the_o custom_n and_o thing_n to_o the_o sherifwick_n belong_v at_o the_o rent_n of_o 300_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la with_o a_o special_a save_n to_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n of_o all_o their_o liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n it_o add_v moreover_o we_o have_v grant_v to_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n that_o they_o from_o among_o themselves_o may_v make_v sheriff_n who_o they_o will_v and_o amove_v they_o when_o they_o will_n this_o be_v not_o only_o confirm_v in_o general_a by_o that_o king_n be_v great_a charter_n at_o wiseman_n runnymead_n or_o redden-mead_n and_o by_o h._n three_o be_v great_a charter_n under_o the_o city_n liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n but_o by_o the_o express_a word_n of_o a_o charter_n 11_o h._n iii_o and_o by_o two_o act_n of_o parliament_n at_o the_o least_o one_o 1_o the_o other_z 7_o of_o r._n ii_o in_o the_o first_o of_o which_o this_o be_v preserve_v 37._o among_o other_o right_n though_o not_o use_v and_o in_o the_o late_a though_o not_o use_v or_o abuse_v and_o all_o of_o they_o be_v repeat_v and_o confirm_v 23._o 2_o e._n iu_o and_o that_o of_o 7_o r._n ii_o be_v exemplify_v under_o the_o broad-seal_n l._n 8_o j._n i._n it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o manage_n part_n of_o the_o city_n take_v care_n to_o leave_v the_o parliamentary_a confirmation_n of_o this_o and_o other_o clause_n which_o possible_o they_o think_v too_o much_o to_o favour_v the_o commonalty_n out_o of_o the_o confirmation_n of_o their_o charter_n 16_o c._n ii_o however_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n stand_v in_o no_o need_n of_o confirmation_n and_o the_o late_a exemplification_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a of_o they_o confirm_v the_o rest_n removes_z the_o pretence_n of_o their_o be_v antiquate_v or_o lose_v by_o any_o suppose_a disuse_n and_o beside_o what_o i_o have_v mention_v according_a to_o the_o city_n plea_n to_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la in_o michaelmas-term_n 1681._o the_o entire_a benefit_n of_o these_o charter_n in_o this_o point_n be_v confirm_v 5_o h._n viii_o 2_o e._n vi_o 1_o mar._n 4_o eliz._n 6._o j._n i._n 14_o c._n i._n to_o which_o not_o to_o mention_v other_o i_o may_v add_v the_o statute_n 1._o 7_o h._n iu_o which_o after_o provide_v that_o holy_a church_n the_o lords-spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o all_o the_o city_n and_o burgh_n have_v and_o enjoy_v all_o their_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n before_o that_o time_n grant_v add_v and_o that_o the_o great_a charter_n and_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n and_o all_o the_o ordinance_n and_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o progenitor_n not_o repeal_v be_v firm_o hold_v and_o keep_v and_o due_o execute_v in_o all_o point_n it_o may_v be_v material_a here_o to_o show_v how_o the_o law_n as_o to_o the_o city_n liberty_n and_o franchise_n for_o the_o choose_n and_o amove_v sheriff_n be_v take_v in_o the_o next_o reign_n after_o the_o make_v that_o statute_n 5._o in_o the_o 6_o of_o h_n v._o a_o sheriff_n die_v in_o his_o shrievalty_n the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o the_o more_o sufficient_a of_o the_o commons_o that_o be_v as_o will_v afterward_o appear_v the_o livery-man_n be_v summon_v etc._n before_o the_o king_n in_o council_n to_o show_v their_o right_n to_o choose_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o a_o sheriff_n they_o appear_v answer_v by_o the_o recorder_n that_o etc._n among_o other_o the_o libertus_fw-la grant_v to_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n and_o ratify_v in_o divers_a parliament_n it_o be_v conâ—â—iâ—ed_v that_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n may_v make_v sheriff_n of_o themselves_o as_o often_o as_o they_o will_v and_o amove_v they_o when_o they_o will_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o liberty_n they_o say_v that_o often_o hitherto_o after_o they_o have_v choose_v sheriff_n from_o among_o themselves_o who_o have_v behave_v themselves_o ill_o or_o die_v as_o it_o now_o happen_v they_o have_v choose_v other_o in_o their_o stead_n this_o plea_n be_v then_o allow_v by_o the_o counsel_n or_o before_o the_o king_n in_o council_n where_o such_o matter_n use_v to_o be_v determine_v and_o it_o be_v say_v to_o the_o mayor_n and_o commons_o that_o they_o shall_v use_v as_o they_o have_v do_v hitherto_o where_o the_o chooser_n and_o amover_n be_v agree_v to_o be_v the_o same_o and_o that_o these_o be_v the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n with_o the_o more_o sufficient_a of_o the_o commons_o infra_fw-la and_o if_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o these_o be_v the_o livery-man_n here_o be_v a_o judgement_n of_o that_o time_n that_o according_a to_o the_o charter_n confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o choose_n and_o amove_v or_o discharge_v of_o sheriff_n belong_v to_o the_o livery-man_n and_o consequent_o to_o none_o beside_o if_o the_o abovementioned_a charter_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o affirmance_n as_o i_o have_v show_v of_o the_o common-law_n be_v not_o enough_o to_o preserve_v the_o city_n right_o of_o amove_v or_o discharge_v sheriff_n as_o well_o as_o choose_v they_o and_o if_o they_o may_v not_o choose_v person_n exempt_v by_o order_n of_o a_o common-council_n as_o well_o as_o other_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o talk_v of_o such_o a_o thing_n as_o legal_a right_n for_o none_o can_v be_v more_o firm_o and_o plain_o establish_v if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o city_n have_v this_o but_o not_o the_o citizen_n which_o meet_v in_o common-hall_n it_o may_v as_o well_o be_v say_v that_o they_o be_v not_o the_o elector_n in_o any_o case_n for_o whoever_o be_v by_o law_n the_o elector_n have_v right_o to_o disallow_v exemption_n by_o other_o even_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o as_o in_o rowlet_n case_n and_o to_o amove_v or_o discharge_v in_o as_o full_a
liberty_n of_o the_o city_n rest_v in_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o freeman_n and_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o they_o have_v regular_o vote_v in_o make_v law_n for_o the_o benefit_n and_o government_n of_o the_o city_n before_o they_o have_v any_o charter_n and_o since_o 2._o that_o whoever_o be_v legal_o possess_v of_o the_o public_a common-hall_n be_v entitle_v to_o all_o the_o authority_n which_o the_o whole_a body_n ever_o have_v especial_o in_o those_o matter_n wherein_o the_o present_a possessor_n exercise_v authority_n and_o that_o the_o livery-man_n have_v this_o right_n 3._o that_o a_o representation_n of_o the_o commons_o by_o the_o mystery_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o council-chamber_n with_o authority_n to_o make_v by-law_n before_o any_o common-council_n of_o the_o present_a form_n have_v such_o authority_n and_o however_o that_o the_o authority_n of_o that_o council_n be_v soon_o take_v away_o by_o act_n of_o common-hall_n and_o lodge_v for_o some_o time_n in_o the_o representation_n by_o the_o mystery_n 4._o that_o whoever_o be_v entitle_v to_o the_o council-chamber_n that_o council_n be_v a_o mere_a creature_n and_o committee_n of_o the_o common-hall_n by_o it_o entrust_v with_o the_o dispatch_n of_o some_o thing_n and_o for_o prepare_v other_o for_o its_o ease_n and_o whatever_o power_n they_o have_v about_o circumstance_n can_v by_o their_o act_n deprive_v the_o common-hall_n of_o any_o right_n 5._o that_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o common-hall_n as_o now_o compose_v receive_v its_o be_v or_o authority_n from_o such_o common-council_n as_o now_o act_n or_o from_o any_o thing_n but_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o freeman_n express_v in_o some_o act_n of_o common-hall_n before_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 4._o or_o imply_v in_o the_o long_a submission_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o freeman_n before_o that_o time_n or_o since_o freemen_n 1._o as_o i_o before_o observe_v the_o confessor_n law_n derive_v the_o city_n law_n right_n dignity_n and_o royal_a custom_n from_o its_o first_o foundation_n i_o may_v add_v that_o it_o say_v in_o every_o county_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o 148._o folkmote_a on_o the_o first_o of_o the_o kalend_n of_o october_n there_o to_o provide_v who_o shall_v be_v sheriff_n and_o who_o shall_v be_v their_o commander_n heretoch_n and_o there_o to_o hear_v their_o just_a precept_n by_o the_o counsel_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o peer_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o folkmote_a that_o london_n have_v such_o a_o folkmote_a and_o the_o judgement_n of_o that_o folkmote_a extend_v to_o the_o make_v by-law_n before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o confessor_n appear_v by_o the_o follow_a instance_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n 940._o athelstan_n above_o 120_o year_n before_o the_o repute_a conquest_n law_n have_v be_v make_v at_o gratelie_o exeter_n and_o winresfeld_n or_o rather_o the_o law_n make_v at_o gratelie_o be_v ratify_v at_o the_o two_o other_o place_n all_o the_o wise_a man_n not_o be_v able_a to_o meet_v at_o the_o first_o these_o law_n be_v not_o only_o receive_v by_o the_o earl_n or_o rather_o companion_n and_o townsman_n or_o citizen_n of_o london_n but_o they_o make_v considerable_a addition_n to_o they_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o city_n c._n their_o act_n or_o judgement_n be_v call_v the_o constitution_n etc._n which_o the_o bishop_n and_o head-borough_n who_o belong_v to_o the_o court_n of_o london_n have_v make_v or_o publish_v and_o which_o the_o earl_n or_o rather_o companion_n or_o company_n and_o townsman_n have_v confirm_v by_o oath_n in_o their_o free-gild_a there_o among_o other_o thing_n they_o provide_v that_o no_o thief_n above_o 12_o year_n old_a find_v guilty_a by_o inquisition_n or_o upon_o trial_n shall_v be_v spare_v and_o that_o etc._n he_o who_o be_v robe_v have_v receive_v his_o capital_a or_o principal_a the_o king_n shall_v have_v half_a the_o society_n shall_v share_v the_o rest_n with_o the_o lord_n of_o who_o he_o hold_v book-land_n or_o bishops-land_n it_o provide_v etc._n for_o a_o common_a stock_n for_o the_o good_a of_o all_o and_o that_o all_o in_o common_a shall_v inquire_v into_o the_o disposal_n of_o it_o it_o settle_v inquisitionem_fw-la decennary_n or_o tything_n and_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v one_o over_o they_o who_o shall_v summon_v they_o for_o their_o common_a profit_n and_o take_v a_o account_n what_o they_o send_v ten_o when_o they_o be_v to_o contribute_v or_o be_v tax_v and_o what_o debebunt_fw-la when_o they_o receive_v money_n by_o order_n of_o all_o the_o citizen_n upon_o their_o treat_v together_o with_o other_o particular_n which_o i_o need_v not_o mention_v this_o be_v enough_o to_o show_v their_o authority_n at_o common_a law_n before_o the_o repute_a conquest_n locutione_n then_o which_o be_v above_o 750_o year_n since_o they_o have_v their_o guildhall_n and_o as_o the_o time_n confessor_n law_n show_v their_o court_n of_o the_o husting_n which_o in_o that_o law_n be_v speak_v of_o as_o a_o ancient_a court_n and_o all_o thing_n of_o moment_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v transact_v there_o till_o the_o number_n of_o freeman_n so_o increase_v that_o they_o can_v not_o all_o meet_v in_o the_o hall_n but_o be_v force_v to_o keep_v their_o folkmotes_n in_o the_o open_a air_n at_o st._n paul_n cross_n where_o be_v a_o very_a wide_a field_n before_o there_o be_v building_n to_o the_o waterside_n i_o shall_v not_o detain_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o many_o precedent_n of_o their_o assembly_n there_o upon_o all_o emergent_a occasion_n but_o must_v observe_v that_o as_o late_o as_o 22._o 19_o e._n 2._o they_o prescribe_v to_o a_o right_n of_o hold_v assembly_n there_o i_o shall_v give_v but_o one_o instance_n how_o early_o the_o alderman_n with_o those_o who_o call_v themselves_o the_o more_o discreet_a of_o the_o city_n will_v have_v usurp_v upon_o the_o right_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o their_o guildhall_n or_o folkmote_a in_o the_o open_a air._n at_o the_o end_n of_o h._n 3_o be_v reign_n the_o citizen_n 1272_o according_a to_o custom_n have_v meet_v in_o guildhall_n for_o the_o election_n of_o a_o mayor_n the_o alderman_n and_o more_o discreet_a of_o the_o city_n will_v have_v choose_v philip_n the_o tailor_n the_o commonalty_n contradict_v it_o with_o great_a noise_n and_o choose_v one_o hervey_n and_o place_v he_o in_o the_o chair_n upon_o this_o the_o alderman_n and_o their_o party_n complain_v to_o the_o king_n that_o they_o be_v overrun_v by_o the_o commonalty_n the_o people_n follow_v they_o with_o great_a noise_n to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o king_n who_o lie_v upon_o his_o deathbed_n and_o cry_v that_o they_o be_v the_o commons_o and_o to_o they_o belong_v the_o election_n of_o a_o mayor_n the_o other_o say_v they_o be_v the_o head_n and_o the_o people_n but_o the_o member_n the_o king_n council_n put_v they_o off_o till_o next_o day_n and_o bid_v hervey_n not_o to_o come_v to_o court_n with_o more_o than_o ten_o in_o his_o company_n however_o he_o summon_v all_o the_o citizen_n except_o those_o who_o adhere_v to_o the_o alderman_n and_o next_o day_n a_o vast_a number_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n come_v to_o westminster_n the_o king_n council_n find_v they_o can_v not_o agree_v threaten_v to_o amove_v hervey_n and_o put_v a_o custos_fw-la over_o they_o to_o avoid_v which_o they_o agree_v that_o five_o shall_v be_v choose_v of_o each_o side_n to_o settle_v who_o shall_v be_v mayor_n however_o this_o be_v in_o diminution_n of_o the_o right_n of_o the_o commons_o take_v no_o effect_n h._n 3._o die_v the_o archbishop_n the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n come_v into_o the_o city_n where_o they_o cause_v e._n 1._o to_o be_v proclaim_v king_n and_o then_o go_v into_o guildhall_n where_o a_o common_a hall_n be_v then_o assemble_v and_o inquire_v about_o the_o business_n of_o the_o mayor_n the_o alderman_n tell_v they_o the_o matter_n be_v leave_v to_o arbitration_n the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n not_o value_v this_o bid_v they_o hold_v a_o folkmote_a the_o next_o day_n at_o st._n paul_n cross_n and_o he_o shall_v be_v the_o mayor_n to_o who_o election_n the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o city_n shall_v assent_v the_o great_a man_n go_v into_o the_o church_n with_o the_o alderman_n persuade_v they_o to_o yield_v upon_o which_o hervey_n be_v declare_v mayor_n before_o all_o the_o people_n and_o thus_o be_v they_o in_o full_a possession_n of_o their_o right_n 1_o e._n 1._o that_o this_o people_n who_o have_v the_o right_a to_o carry_v election_n and_o other_o matter_n in_o guildhall_n or_o their_o folkmote_n in_o the_o open_a air_n be_v the_o freeman_n appear_v by_o the_o word_n of_o some_o of_o their_o charter_n declaratory_a of_o their_o ancient_a right_n many_o of_o which_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o citizen_n which_o the_o charter_n pass_v in_o parliament_n 1_o e._n 3._o explain_v
the_o common_a seal_n which_o be_v in_o his_o custody_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o alderman_n and_o other_o which_o other_o as_o i_o can_v show_v be_v to_o be_v particular_o choose_v by_o the_o common-hall_n for_o that_o purpose_n for_o these_o offence_n among_o other_o etc._n against_o the_o whole_a commonalty_n of_o the_o city_n and_o contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n he_o be_v judicial_o degrade_v from_o his_o aldermanship_n and_o privatus_fw-la for_o ever_o incapacitate_v to_o be_v of_o the_o council_n of_o the_o citizen_n which_o be_v plain_o a_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o former_a right_n of_o vote_v in_o gildhall_n and_o indeed_o a_o disfranchisement_n as_o it_o turn_v he_o out_o of_o the_o gild._n and_o thus_o i_o 44._o find_v privilege_n in_o canterbury_n grant_v to_o all_o the_o burgess_n of_o the_o gilled_a of_o merchant_n 5._o the_o present_a possession_n of_o the_o common-hall_n be_v or_o must_v be_v agree_v to_o be_v a_o legal_a possession_n and_o therefore_o in_o all_o thing_n which_o they_o have_v not_o part_v with_o the_o possessor_n be_v the_o legal_a successor_n to_o they_o who_o exercise_v power_n in_o great_a number_n 6._o even_o when_o those_o number_n can_v regular_o meet_v they_o be_v conclude_v by_o such_o a_o number_n as_o come_v upon_o general_a notice_n though_o the_o number_n which_o meet_v be_v very_o small_a according_a to_o the_o resolution_n 33_o eliz._n 21._o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o vestry_n of_o st._n saviour_n in_o southwark_n 7._o etc._n though_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v that_o the_o great_a baron_n in_o parliament_n be_v ancient_o only_o those_o who_o hold_v by_o barony_n or_o be_v create_v in_o parliament_n yet_o those_o who_o have_v be_v make_v peer_n by_o patent_n or_o writ_n succeed_v to_o the_o same_o jurisdiction_n as_o they_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o same_o house_n which_o the_o lord_n former_o have_v 8._o a_o corporation_n by_o one_o name_n be_v entitle_v to_o the_o prescriptional_a right_n which_o that_o city_n or_o town_n have_v by_o another_o name_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o though_o the_o 122._o town_n of_o colchester_n be_v incorporate_v by_o the_o name_n of_o bailiff_n and_o commonalty_n the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n may_v prescribe_v to_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o that_o town_n that_o the_o livery-man_n have_v such_o a_o right_n to_o the_o common-hall_n appear_v by_o their_o long_a possession_n for_o which_o according_a to_o the_o resolution_n of_o judge_n beforementioned_a we_o be_v to_o presume_v that_o there_o have_v be_v the_o express_a assent_n of_o the_o body_n of_o freemen_n or_o of_o such_o of_o they_o as_o meet_v upon_o a_o general_a summons_n if_o i_o show_v a_o act_n of_o common-hall_n as_o ancient_a as_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 3._o for_o the_o mystery_n to_o choose_v such_o as_o shall_v represent_v the_o commons_o which_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o show_v under_o the_o next_o head_n if_o we_o find_v that_o they_o have_v be_v represent_v in_o common-hall_n by_o the_o mystery_n before_o that_o time_n and_o downward_o to_o this_o day_n and_o no_o act_n of_o common-council_n or_o common-hall_n will_v appear_v to_o have_v first_o settle_v the_o right_n of_o election_n in_o the_o livery-man_n of_o the_o mystery_n than_o it_o will_v be_v evident_a that_o though_o original_o the_o mystery_n may_v have_v be_v represent_v by_o such_o as_o they_o shall_v choose_v from_o time_n to_o time_n it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v that_o they_o agree_v to_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o livery-man_n as_o a_o stand_a representative_a 8_o e._n 2._o above_o 30_o year_n before_o the_o pretence_n to_o any_o act_n of_o common-council_n or_o common-hall_n which_o may_v be_v think_v to_o restrain_v the_o freeman_n from_o the_o exercise_v of_o the_o power_n original_o vest_v in_o they_o retroactis_fw-la i_o find_v a_o writ_n to_o prohibit_v the_o multitude_n from_o meeting_n to_o choose_v a_o mayor_n and_o sheriff_n allege_v that_o such_o election_n for_o time_n past_a use_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o more_o discreet_a man_n of_o the_o city_n especial_o summon_v but_o then_o lest_o this_o special_a summons_n shall_v seem_v at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n it_o forbid_v all_o to_o meet_v unless_o special_o summon_v or_o at_o the_o time_n bind_v to_o come_v and_o a_o proclamation_n which_o be_v publish_v in_o the_o city_n in_o pursuance_n of_o that_o writ_n etc._n say_v that_o no_o man_n upon_o pain_n of_o imprisonment_n shall_v come_v to_o any_o election_n but_o mayor_n sheriff_z alderman_n and_o other_o good_a people_n of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o city_n who_o by_o the_o mystery_n be_v especial_o summon_v to_o come_v thither_o or_o to_o who_o it_o belong_v to_o be_v there_o these_o representative_n of_o the_o mystery_n according_a to_o what_o i_o have_v before_o observe_v of_o the_o legal_a possession_n of_o the_o common-hall_n be_v to_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v the_o livery-man_n and_o none_o other_o but_o because_o the_o partiality_n of_o the_o master_n and_o warden_n may_v occasion_v the_o not_o summon_v some_o of_o the_o livery-man_n therefore_o there_o be_v liberty_n leave_v for_o they_o who_o have_v right_o to_o come_v though_o not_o summon_v that_o they_o and_o none_o other_o have_v this_o right_n will_v further_o appear_v when_o i_o come_v to_o prove_v that_o no_o act_n can_v be_v find_v from_o whence_o their_o right_n exclusive_a of_o other_o be_v or_o can_v be_v derive_v or_o so_o much_o as_o occasion_v 3._o that_o a_o representation_n of_o the_o commons_o by_o the_o mystery_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o council-chamber_n with_o authority_n to_o make_v by-law_n by-law_n before_o any_o common-council_n of_o the_o present_a form_n have_v any_o such_o authority_n and_o however_o that_o the_o very_o be_v of_o a_o council_n of_o the_o present_a form_n be_v soon_o take_v away_o by_o act_n of_o common-hall_n and_o a_o representation_n by_o the_o mystery_n settle_v in_o their_o place_n with_o great_a authority_n will_v appear_v very_o evident_o i_o must_v agree_v that_o 20_o e._n 3._o it_o be_v order_v by_o the_o common-hall_n 3._o that_o every_o alderman_n at_o the_o hold_n of_o his_o wardmote_a yearly_a shall_v cause_v 8_o 6_o or_o 4_o of_o the_o able_a and_o wise_a of_o his_o ward_n to_o be_v choose_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o affair_n concern_v the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o city_n but_o upon_o this_o it_o be_v observable_a 1._o that_o though_o according_a to_o the_o lord_n coke_n the_o wardmote_a be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o hundred_o court_n that_o be_v in_o relation_n to_o the_o district_n or_o division_n of_o the_o city_n and_o chief_o as_o to_o the_o return_v of_o juries_n but_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o present_a debate_n a._n it_o be_v more_o full_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o court_n leet_n where_o all_o resiant_n be_v oblige_v to_o attend_v and_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o resiancy_n be_v to_o bear_v office_n and_o contribute_v in_o several_a thing_n together_o with_o the_o citizen_n who_o in_o this_o respect_n be_v as_o the_o baron_n or_o free-tenent_n of_o a_o manor_n wherefore_o this_o order_n do_v not_o restrain_v foreigner_n from_o be_v elector_n or_o elect_v 2._o this_o be_v not_o say_v to_o be_v appoint_v for_o the_o common-council_n of_o the_o city_n but_o in_o truth_n the_o common-hall_n as_o they_o be_v before_o then_o continue_v the_o only_a common-council_n nor_o take_v the_o original_a entry_n of_o that_o order_n to_o import_v more_o than_o affair_n do_v the_o treat_v of_o the_o affair_n concern_v the_o commonalty_n in_o this_o place_n imply_v more_o than_o such_o affair_n as_o concern_v they_o according_a to_o their_o division_n by_o ward_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o constable_n or_o the_o like_a or_o the_o assess_n of_o aid_n and_o tallage_n for_o which_o purpose_n i_o find_v certain_a number_n in_o every_o ward_n appoint_v very_o ancient_o before_o there_o be_v the_o least_o pretence_n of_o the_o settlement_n of_o any_o other_o common-council_n beside_o the_o common-hall_n but_o it_o be_v far_o from_o appear_v that_o the_o man_n of_o the_o ward_n appoint_v to_o treat_v of_o affair_n 20_o e._n 3._o be_v to_o treat_v of_o such_o as_o concern_v the_o commonalty_n as_o divide_v or_o act_v by_o mystery_n or_o however_o if_o the_o treat_v of_o affair_n extend_v to_o all_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o city_n it_o can_v here_o imply_v no_o more_o than_o treat_v of_o they_o by_o way_n of_o advice_n to_o that_o supreme_a power_n in_o the_o city_n which_o make_v they_o what_o they_o be_v and_o divest_v itself_o of_o no_o authority_n nor_o indeed_o can_v any_o form_n of_o word_n have_v pass_v away_o the_o authority_n of_o that_o much_o less_o of_o succeed_a common-hall_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o ancient_o whatever_o power_n the_o common-hall_n place_v elsewhere_o they_o never_o think_v
record_n i_o find_v ward_n and_o gilled_a or_o company_n synonymous_a they_o 2._o have_v trace_v this_o common-council_n to_o its_o weak_a and_o infant_n state_n we_o may_v consider_v it_o as_o possess_v of_o a_o power_n of_o make_v by-law_n but_o then_o we_o must_v observe_v that_o this_o will_v bear_v no_o comparison_n to_o the_o possession_n which_o the_o livery-man_n have_v of_o the_o common-hall_n which_o have_v be_v exclusive_a of_o all_o other_o whereas_o all_o the_o possession_n which_o the_o present_a common-council_n have_v have_v of_o the_o common-chamber_n have_v be_v only_o as_o a_o committee_n entrust_v by_o a_o great_a court_n have_v continuance_n and_o act_v with_o supreme_a authority_n beside_o it_o have_v be_v resolve_v by_o the_o judge_n that_o a_o by-law_n to_o make_v a_o monopoly_n 591._o and_o a_o prescription_n of_o such_o a_o nature_n to_o induce_v a_o sole_a trade_n or_o traffic_n to_o a_o company_n or_o person_n and_o to_o exclude_v all_o other_o be_v against_o law_n which_o be_v easy_o applicable_a to_o the_o common-council's_a engross_a the_o power_n of_o the_o common-hall_n it_o will_v be_v endless_a to_o heap_v authority_n which_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o evince_v that_o the_o common-council_n have_v no_o colour_n of_o pretence_n to_o make_v by-law_n of_o such_o a_o nature_n as_o they_o now_o insist_v upon_o but_o i_o can_v pass_v by_o the_o resolution_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o london_n 63._o in_o a_o action_n bring_v by_o he_o for_o a_o penalty_n raise_v by_o a_o by-law_n all_o such_o ordinance_n constitution_n or_o by-law_n be_v allow_v by_o the_o law_n as_o be_v make_v for_o the_o true_a and_o due_a execution_n of_o the_o law_n or_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n or_o for_o the_o good_a government_n and_o order_n of_o the_o body-corporate_a and_o all_o other_o which_o be_v contrary_a or_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n or_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v void_a and_o of_o no_o effect_n to_o apply_v this_o to_o the_o case_n in_o question_n for_o the_o common-council_n to_o vacate_v a_o election_n make_v in_o common-hall_n or_o to_o exempt_v any_o person_n from_o be_v choose_v be_v not_o for_o the_o good_a government_n and_o order_n of_o the_o body-corporate_a and_o beside_o be_v direct_o contrary_a or_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o have_v fix_v the_o election_n of_o any_o sufficient_a citizen_n in_o the_o livery_n common-hall_n and_o have_v provide_v it_o with_o authority_n to_o oblige_v they_o to_o hold_v and_o therefore_o any_o by-law_n make_v in_o the_o common-council_n contrary_a to_o this_o right_n be_v void_a nay_o and_o thus_o they_o themselves_o have_v judge_v but_o late_o in_o the_o like_a case_n in_o the_o mayoralty_n or_o sir_n john_n fleet_n he_o acquaint_v the_o common-council_n 1693._o that_o 40_o or_o 50_o foreign_a merchant_n will_v pay_v 400_o l._n apiece_o to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o orphan_n if_o they_o may_v be_v admit_v to_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n and_o have_v a_o act_n of_o common-council_n to_o exempt_v they_o from_o bear_v chargeable_a office_n after_o several_a long_a debate_n this_o project_n though_o of_o apparent_a advantage_n to_o the_o city_n be_v lay_v aside_o the_o common-council_n declare_v it_o be_v not_o in_o their_o power_n to_o restrain_v the_o right_n of_o the_o common-hall_n to_o choose_v any_o sufficient_a citizen_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o learned_a judge_n bracton_n be_v very_o applicable_a to_o this_o matter_n where_o speak_v of_o the_o english_a law_n he_o say_v which_o since_o they_o be_v approve_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o those_o who_o use_v they_o 3._o and_o confirm_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o king_n can_v be_v change_v or_o destroy_v without_o the_o common_a consent_n and_o counsel_n of_o those_o by_o who_o counsel_n and_o consent_v they_o be_v promulge_v but_o they_o may_v be_v change_v for_o the_o better_a because_o that_o be_v not_o destroy_v which_o be_v make_v better_a with_o such_o a_o limitation_n we_o may_v allow_v the_o common-council_n to_o act_v for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o common_a hall_n in_o relation_n to_o time_n place_n and_o other_o circumstance_n for_o the_o better_a execution_n of_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n but_o that_o the_o power_n of_o make_v by-law_n exercise_v by_o the_o common-council_n be_v controlable_a by_o the_o common-hall_n will_n beside_o what_o i_o have_v already_o observe_v 22._o appear_v by_o the_o charter_n 15_o e._n 3._o which_o be_v the_o only_a charter_n express_o affirm_v the_o city_n power_n of_o make_v by_o law_n moreover_o we_o have_v grant_v that_o if_o any_o custom_n in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n new_o arise_v where_o a_o remedy_n be_v not_o before_o ordain_v want_v amendment_n the_o say_v mayor_n and_o alderman_n and_o their_o heir_n and_o successor_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o same_o city_n remedy_n convenient_a consonant_a to_o good_a faith_n and_o manner_n for_o the_o common_a utility_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o the_o say_a city_n and_o other_o our_o liege_n people_n flock_v to_o the_o same_o may_v apply_v and_o ordain_v as_o often_o and_o when_o it_o shall_v seem_v expedient_a to_o '_o they_o provide_v ☜_o nevertheless_o that_o such_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n be_v of_o utility_n to_o we_o and_o our_o people_n and_o consonant_a to_o good_a faith_n and_o reason_n as_o abovesaid_a according_a to_o this_o charter_n 1._o the_o power_n of_o make_v by-law_n relate_v to_o amendment_n for_o the_o common_a utility_n of_o the_o citizen_n 2._o those_o amendment_n can_v sap_n or_o weaken_v any_o ancient_a constitution_n or_o custom_n 3._o they_o be_v to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o city_n neither_o of_o which_o can_v be_v pretend_v in_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n and_o since_o sup_v as_o be_v say_v in_o the_o chamberlain_n case_n corporation_n can_v make_v ordinance_n or_o constitution_n without_o custom_n or_o the_o king_n charter_n unless_o for_o thing_n which_o concern_v the_o public_a good_a as_o reparation_n of_o church_n or_o highway_n and_o the_o like_a but_o the_o power_n now_o claim_v be_v neither_o of_o that_o kind_a nor_o be_v there_o legal_a custom_n or_o consent_n or_o charter_n for_o it_o i_o need_v raise_v no_o consequence_n upon_o it_o to_o conclude_v this_o point_n if_o this_o common-hall_n legal_o succeed_v the_o common-hall_n which_o appoint_v this_o committee_n and_o the_o committee_n may_v be_v set_v aside_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o common-hall_n if_o since_o the_o raise_n this_o committee_n and_o that_o of_o late_a day_n the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common-council_n have_v act_v together_o as_o one_o court_n if_o far_a as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o rowlet_n beforementioned_a they_o have_v act_v with_o a_o superior_a authority_n in_o those_o very_a thing_n wherein_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common-council_n have_v exercise_v authority_n by_o themselves_o if_o most_o of_o these_o premise_n hold_v especial_o if_o all_o do_v there_o can_v be_v no_o question_n but_o by-law_n and_o other_o act_n of_o the_o common-council_n be_v controlable_a by_o the_o common-hall_n and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v very_o strange_a to_o imagine_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o common-council_n to_o take_v away_o or_o abridge_v any_o right_n of_o its_o superior_a from_o whence_o it_o come_v and_o in_o which_o it_o be_v contain_v i_o shall_v not_o so_o much_o question_v the_o judgement_n or_o memory_n of_o my_o reader_n as_o to_o repeat_v the_o proof_n of_o every_o one_o of_o these_o premise_n but_o i_o will_v desire_v they_o to_o remember_v the_o instance_n of_o disfranchisement_n by_o common-hall_n before_o any_o stand_a rule_n for_o '_o they_o this_o power_n i_o must_v confess_v the_o common-council_n have_v pretend_v to_o and_o as_o if_o they_o not_o only_o have_v it_o but_o have_v it_o without_o delegation_n have_v fancy_v they_o can_v delegate_v it_o to_o other_o 8._o according_o i_o find_v a_o act_n of_o common-council_n impow'r_v the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n to_o disfranchise_v upon_o competent_a proof_n by_o oath_n before_o they_o of_o any_o citizen_n trespass_n act_n disobedience_n or_o offence_n against_o the_o city_n and_o the_o liberty_n franchise_n and_o free_a custom_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o same_o which_o will_v be_v a_o very_a dangerous_a weapon_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o alderman_n who_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n obtain_v by_o surprise_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o city_n declare_v more_o than_o once_o and_o ratify_v by_o former_a parliament_n have_v their_o station_n in_o effect_n for_o their_o life_n 99_o but_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o resolution_n in_o baggs_n case_n the_o abovementioned_a act_n of_o common-council_n be_v void_a in_o law_n no_o such_o power_n have_v be_v derive_v to_o they_o by_o the_o express_a
draw_v to_o themselves_o jurisdiction_n or_o authority_n from_o a_o great_a and_o high_a court_n in_o be_v and_o full_o exercise_v of_o authority_n and_o of_o which_o they_o make_v but_o a_o small_a part_n yet_o what_o be_v call_v argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la be_v never_o to_o be_v neglect_v for_o to_o prove_v that_o those_o very_a argument_n in_o which_o man_n place_v their_o strength_n make_v direct_o against_o they_o be_v to_o disarm_v if_o not_o convince_v they_o to_o this_o end_n it_o may_v be_v of_o service_n to_o show_v what_o provision_n have_v former_o be_v make_v in_o this_o matter_n and_o what_o have_v be_v omit_v by_o the_o vindicator_n out_o of_o the_o order_n 7_o c._n 1._o agree_v with_o those_o former_a provision_n 3._o in_o the_o 24_o the_o of_o e._n 3._o a_o public_a act_n or_o ordinance_n have_v be_v make_v which_o take_v notice_n that_o many_o sufficient_a person_n use_v to_o absent_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o city_n to_o avoid_v the_o office_n of_o sheriff_n by_o mean_n whereof_o person_n less_o sufficient_a be_v choose_v through_o their_o default_n to_o the_o great_a mischief_n of_o they_o and_o to_o the_o desolation_n of_o the_o city_n and_o so_o follow_v to_o the_o great_a jeopardy_n of_o the_o franchise_n of_o the_o same_o disfranchise_n such_o absenter_n and_o allow_v of_o no_o excuce_n unless_o they_o swear_v with_o six_o voucher_n that_o they_o do_v not_o absent_v themselves_o for_o that_o purpose_n this_o be_v manifest_o make_v in_o common-hall_n for_o one_o evidence_n of_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v obseruâ—d_v that_o it_o be_v on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n matthew_n which_o have_v be_v the_o usual_a day_n for_o such_o election_n till_o the_o day_n be_v alter_v 19_o h._n 8._o and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o though_o the_o common-council_n 19_o h._n 8._o as_o some_o will_v think_v to_o colour_v their_o authority_n to_o alter_v the_o day_n and_o penalty_n say_v it_o be_v ordain_v and_o establish_v by_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o in_o their_o common-council_n 24_o e._n 3._o yet_o it_o be_v plain_a it_o be_v the_o common-council_n of_o all_o those_o who_o assemble_v at_o that_o day_n for_o the_o election_n 8._o and_o the_o common-council_n 18_o h._n 8._o vote_v that_o ancient_a act_n to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n in_o the_o case_n of_o one_o hind_n and_o of_o all_o other_o such_o offender_n call_v it_o according_a to_o the_o style_v it_o have_v at_o the_o make_n a_o ordinance_n make_v by_o walter_n turk_n mayor_n simon_n franceys_n and_o other_o with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n it_o will_v further_o appear_v that_o whatever_o council_n may_v before_o the_o time_n of_o that_o old_a act_n have_v be_v summon_v to_o particular_a purpose_n no_o common-council_n separate_v from_o they_o that_o use_v to_o assemble_v in_o the_o common-hall_n be_v ever_o settle_v as_o a_o stand_a council_n of_o any_o considerable_a authority_n before_o that_o time_n this_o public_a act_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n have_v therefore_o absolute_o require_v all_o sufficient_a person_n choose_v sheriff_n to_o serve_v upon_o pain_n of_o disfranchisement_n and_o allow_v of_o no_o excuce_n but_o insufficiency_n in_o estate_n all_o act_n of_o common-council_n allow_v any_o less_o or_o other_o court_n to_o discharge_v sufficient_a person_n choose_v or_o to_o exempt_v they_o from_o be_v choose_v must_v be_v void_a in_o themselves_o and_o according_a to_o what_o the_o city_n have_v declare_v in_o its_o full_a authority_n be_v the_o assume_v a_o power_n not_o only_o to_o injure_v those_o person_n who_o through_o the_o default_n of_o other_o serve_v before_o their_o turn_n which_o be_v a_o stretch_n beyond_o the_o exercise_n of_o a_o dispense_v power_n by_o the_o most_o arbitrary_a of_o our_o king_n but_o as_o it_o tend_v to_o the_o desolation_n of_o the_o city_n and_o hazard_n the_o loss_n of_o its_o franchise_n be_v beyond_o and_o contrary_a to_o any_o power_n that_o they_o can_v pretend_v to_o for_o the_o make_v by-law_n which_o can_v be_v only_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o city_n but_o in_o truth_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o common-council_n after_o this_o solemn_a declaration_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o city_n only_o take_v care_n to_o enforce_v the_o substance_n of_o what_o be_v then_o enact_v express_v what_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v sufficiency_n and_o make_v other_o penalty_n more_o likely_a to_o be_v effectual_a than_o the_o bugbear_n of_o disfranchisement_n can_v be_v with_o a_o wealthy_a citizen_n who_o be_v above_o his_o trade_n or_o any_o need_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o city_n 8._o wherefore_o the_o common-council_n 19_o h._n 8._o have_v alter_v the_o day_n of_o election_n to_o a_o more_o convenient_a day_n than_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n matthew_n which_o be_v too_o near_o the_o day_n on_o which_o sheriff_n be_v to_o be_v present_v at_o the_o exchequer_n make_v almost_o the_o same_o recital_n with_o the_o act_n 24_o e._n 3._o provide_v that_o if_o the_o person_n choose_v shall_v make_v default_n he_o shall_v pay_v 200_o l._n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o city_n 100_o l._n of_o which_o shall_v be_v give_v to_o he_o who_o next_o serve_v through_o his_o default_n but_o express_o declare_v that_o every_o person_n so_o make_v default_n at_o all_o time_n be_v eligible_a unto_o the_o say_a room_n and_o office_n of_o sheriffwick_n the_o say_v former_a act_n or_o any_o ☞_o thing_n therein_o contain_v to_o the_o contrary_a or_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o say_v 200_o l._n for_o such_o default_n notwithstanding_o eliz._n thus_o the_o by-law_n in_o this_o matter_n stand_v till_o 13_o eliz._n when_o a_o order_n of_o common-council_n be_v make_v express_o affirm_v or_o confirm_v all_o former_a act_n of_o common-council_n and_o decree_n of_o court_n herein_o where_o decree_v of_o court_n may_v well_o be_v take_v to_o include_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o common-hall_n pronounce_v on_o the_o husting_n and_o consequent_o that_o 24_o e._n 3._o as_o to_o the_o require_v person_n choose_v to_o hold_v without_o any_o excuce_n but_o insufficiency_n stand_v affirm_v 13_o eliz._n that_o of_o the_o 13_o the_o of_o eliz._n continue_v the_o same_o penalty_n as_o 19_o h._n 8._o but_o make_v nothing_o under_o 2000_o l._n to_o be_v a_o sufficient_a qualification_n yet_o that_o as_o well_o as_o the_o order_n 19_o h._n 8._o stand_v in_o need_n of_o some_o amendment_n wherefore_o 34_o eliz._n it_o be_v prudent_o provide_v eliz._n 1._o that_o the_o day_n of_o election_n be_v within_o too_o few_o day_n of_o the_o time_n for_o present_v the_o sheriff_n at_o the_o exchequer_n shall_v be_v put_v back_o to_o the_o 24_o the_o of_o june_n 2._o there_o be_v no_o sufficient_a mean_n of_o secure_v the_o city_n beforehand_o that_o they_o may_v depend_v on_o a_o person_n be_v stand_v a_o bond_n be_v require_v for_o that_o purpose_n 3._o the_o penalty_n prove_v overmild_a it_o be_v raise_v from_o 200_o l._n to_o 400_o mark_n and_o if_o the_o person_n choose_v be_v a_o alderman_n to_o 600_o mark_n 4._o it_o be_v not_o express_v 19_o h._n 8._o what_o estate_n shall_v qualify_v a_o person_n for_o the_o service_n and_o the_o qualification_n require_v 13_o eliz._n become_v insufficient_a wherefore_o the_o order_n 34_o eliz._n require_v 5000_o l._n upon_o these_o account_n it_o repeal_v all_o former_a order_n about_o this_o matter_n that_o a_o more_o effectual_a one_o may_v take_v place_n but_o than_o it_o must_v be_v agree_v that_o till_o the_o 34_o the_o of_o eliz._n there_o be_v no_o manner_n of_o colour_n to_o imagine_v that_o pay_v a_o fine_a can_v discharge_v any_o man_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o common-hall_n and_o as_o it_o have_v appear_v already_o that_o 7_o car._n 1._o make_v no_o alteration_n herein_o or_o place_v any_o power_n of_o discharge_v or_o exempt_n where_o it_o have_v not_o be_v before_o neither_o do_v that_o 37_o eliz._n which_o that_o 7_o c._n 1._o transcribe_n as_o to_o this_o matter_n but_o notwithstanding_o the_o requisite_a alteration_n make_v 34_o eliz._n the_o expensiveness_n of_o shrievalty_n and_o man_n backwardness_n to_o hold_v occasion_v the_o provision_n 7_o car._n 1._o which_o have_v give_v ground_n though_o no_o true_a colour_n for_o the_o present_a dispute_n that_o act_n repeal_v all_o former_a act_n of_o common-council_n vindicator_n but_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o repeal_v any_o act_n of_o common-hall_n so_o that_o all_o the_o obligation_n which_o lie_v upon_o citizen_n to_o be_v conclude_v by_o their_o own_o consent_n public_o and_o solemn_o declare_v 24_o e._n 3._o still_o remain_v unshaken_a nor_o do_v the_o act_n 7_o c._n 1._o repeal_v former_a act_n of_o common-council_n as_o too_o severe_o keep_v man_n to_o their_o duty_n but_o for_o that_o the_o same_o have_v not_o take_v so_o good_a effect_n as_o may_v be_v wish_v by_o
reason_n that_o the_o penalty_n and_o forfeiture_n therein_o contain_v have_v be_v over-miled_a and_o thereby_o his_o majesty_n service_n have_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o prejudice_n and_o the_o good_a citizen_n of_o this_o city_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o often_o refusal_n of_o the_o say_a office_n of_o shrievalty_n have_v be_v much_o trouble_v and_o disquiet_v the_o better_a to_o secure_v good_a sheriff_n it_o appoint_v the_o day_n of_o election_n to_o be_v the_o 24_o the_o of_o june_n and_o that_o no_o freeman_n of_o the_o say_a city_n so_o to_o be_v choose_v or_o elect_v as_o aforesaid_a shall_v be_v exempt_v from_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o say_a office_n of_o shrievalty_n by_o supposition_n or_o excuce_n of_o defect_n or_o insufficiency_n of_o wealth_n except_o he_o will_v voluntary_o take_v his_o corporal_a oath_n before_o the_o mayor_n and_o great_a part_n of_o the_o alderman_n in_o open_a court_n of_o lord-mayor_n and_o alderman_n for_o the_o time_n be_v that_o he_o than_o be_v not_o of_o the_o value_n of_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n etc._n etc._n now_o consider_v how_o the_o former_a provision_n be_v this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o it_o say_v whereas_o according_a to_o former_a by-law_n no_o sufficient_a person_n be_v to_o be_v discharge_v or_o exempt_v from_o hold_v sheriff_n and_o what_o be_v sufficiency_n then_o be_v not_o so_o now_o but_o the_o penalty_n upon_o sufficient_a person_n be_v over-miled_a therefore_o every_o sufficient_a person_n choose_v shall_v serve_v upoin_v pain_n of_o forfeit_v the_o sum_n of_o 600_o mark_n if_o a_o alderman_n and_o 400_o l._n if_o a_o commoner_n unless_o he_o can_v swear_v as_o be_v hereby_o require_v wherefore_o according_a to_o the_o plain_a scope_n and_o meaning_n of_o this_o order_n and_o which_o indeed_o be_v express_v in_o that_o very_a part_n which_o the_o vindicator_n use_v no_o man_n be_v to_o be_v discharge_v or_o exempt_v but_o for_o insufficiency_n in_o estate_n but_o however_o that_o order_n be_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o act_n of_o common-hall_n 24_o e._n 3._o be_v far_o from_o be_v antiquate_a or_o repeal_v and_o be_v of_o force_n as_o to_o the_o obligation_n which_o the_o body_n of_o the_o city_n lay_v upon_o every_o individual_a person_n of_o the_o city_n and_o upon_o all_o inferior_a court_n or_o council_n and_o if_o the_o penalty_n be_v due_o take_v away_o that_o will_v not_o weaken_v the_o sanction_n of_o such_o a_o declaratory_a law_n and_o sure_o no_o man_n can_v say_v that_o because_o of_o this_o alteration_n the_o exempt_n or_o discharge_v a_o sufficient_a person_n from_o be_v sheriff_n will_v not_o be_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o less_o sufficient_a person_n who_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o serve_v before_o their_o turn_n or_o that_o it_o will_v not_o tend_v to_o the_o desolation_n of_o the_o city_n and_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o its_o franchise_n as_o i_o take_v it_o all_o the_o citizen_n be_v preclude_v by_o this_o act_n from_o say_v otherwise_o than_o themselves_o do_v so_o long_o since_o by_o their_o predecessor_n and_o yet_o speak_v in_o this_o their_o stand_a law_n iii_o i_o come_v now_o to_o consider_v how_o the_o custom_n have_v be_v which_o custom_n by_o what_o have_v already_o appear_v can_v not_o signify_v much_o if_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o these_o by-law_n and_o yet_o as_o i_o shall_v show_v that_o be_v quite_o otherwise_o than_o the_o vindicator_n will_v seem_v to_o believe_v in_o the_o case_n 18_o the_o edw._n ii_o one_o john_n causton_n have_v be_v choose_v sheriff_n at_o the_o usual_a time_n he_o not_o appear_v vocatus_fw-la whether_o upon_o personal_a notice_n by_o order_n of_o the_o common-hall_n or_o upon_o a_o proclamation_n be_v uncertain_a the_o alderman_n and_o commons_o be_v summon_v to_o be_v at_o guildhall_n the_o michaelmas_n day_n next_o follow_v on_o which_o day_n causton_n be_v aldermannia_n disfranchise_v and_o put_v out_o of_o his_o aldermanship_n and_o one_o alan_n gill_n be_v choose_v sheriff_n and_o swear_v afterward_o at_o the_o husting_n hold_v on_o monday_n next_o after_o the_o feast_n of_o simon_n and_o judas_n causton_n come_v and_o put_v communitatis_fw-la himself_o upon_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commonalty_n and_o beg_v to_o be_v restore_v to_o his_o former_a estate_n proffer_v to_o take_v the_o shrievalty_n upon_o he_o the_o etc._n mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o have_v the_o same_o day_n consult_v together_o and_o respect_v be_v have_v to_o the_o impotency_n or_o insufficiency_n of_o gill_n causton_n be_v admit_v to_o his_o former_a state_n and_o swear_v sheriff_n after_o which_o he_o be_v accept_v and_o swear_v at_o westminster_n observe_v 1._o here_o be_v a_o disfranchisement_n by_o common_a hall_n before_o any_o act_n of_o other_o common_a council_n be_v make_v in_o the_o matter_n and_o indeed_o as_o it_o will_v appear_v before_o there_o be_v any_o other_o common_a council_n or_o any_o authority_n to_o make_v by-law_n give_v or_o confirm_v to_o the_o city_n by_o any_o charter_n 2._o the_o common_a hall_n restore_v a_o man_n who_o have_v be_v disfranchise_v 3._o it_o discharge_v a_o man_n who_o have_v be_v actual_o swear_v sheriff_n day_n to_o come_v to_o time_n after_o the_o suppose_a settlement_n of_o the_o present_a common-council_n and_o of_o the_o livery_n common-hall_n in_o the_o 18_o the_o hen._n 8._o one_o thomas_n hind_n be_v choose_v sheriff_n by_o the_o common_a hall_n he_o not_o appear_v his_o default_n be_v record_v and_o the_o mayor_n direct_v the_o person_n that_o be_v of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o city_n to_o resort_v up_o to_o their_o place_n accustom_v there_o to_o hold_v a_o common_a council_n and_o that_o all_o other_o shall_v abide_v within_o the_o hall_n in_o that_o common_a council_n the_o ordinance_n abovementioned_a 24_o edw._n 3._o be_v read_v and_o agree_v to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n hind_n not_o yet_o appear_v it_o be_v show_v to_o the_o commons_o by_o the_o common_a clerk_n in_o the_o recorder_n absence_n that_o inasmuch_o as_o the_o city_n be_v destitute_a of_o a_o sheriff_n and_o also_o in_o consideration_n that_o the_o day_n of_o present_v the_o sheriff_n at_o the_o exchequer_n draw_v near_o they_o shall_v immediate_o proceed_v to_o a_o new_a election_n choice_n then_o the_o commons_o choose_v simon_n rice_n on_o a_o saturday_n the_o day_n for_o present_v the_o sheriff_n be_v the_o next_o monday_n the_o commons_o be_v appoint_v to_o meet_v on_o the_o sunday_n but_o rice_n not_o be_v to_o be_v find_v such_o person_n as_o be_v of_o the_o common-council_n be_v again_o order_v to_o resort_v up_o to_o their_o place_n accustom_v to_o council_n where_o it_o be_v order_v that_o every_o citizen_n who_o have_v depâ—â—â—ed_v out_o of_o the_o city_n since_o the_o friday_n before_o shall_v forfeit_v 20_o l._n choice_n thereupon_o the_o commons_o be_v order_v to_o proceed_v to_o another_o election_n choose_v william_n robin_n who_o appear_v before_o the_o lord_n mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o swear_v before_o they_o all_o that_o he_o be_v not_o worth_a 1000_o mark_n upon_o which_o oath_n he_o be_v immediate_o clear_o dismiss_v the_o commons_o be_v again_o command_v by_o the_o mayor_n to_o proceed_v to_o a_o new_a election_n the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n return_v to_o the_o great_a chamber_n in_o who_o absence_n the_o commons_o choose_v mr._n william_n lok_n choice_n who_o make_v humble_a supplication_n to_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o show_v they_o that_o consider_v his_o youth_n and_o great_a charge_n he_o be_v nothing_o apt_a nor_o liable_a to_o take_v the_o office_n upon_o he_o which_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o have_v pity_n and_o compassion_n of_o the_o say_a mr._n william_n lok_n upon_o his_o say_a declaration_n clear_o discharge_v he_o for_o that_o time_n without_o make_v of_o any_o oath_n choice_n the_o commons_o be_v command_v to_o proceed_v to_o a_o new_a election_n the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n withdraw_v as_o before_o and_o the_o commons_o choose_v mr._n nicholas_n lamberd_v who_o be_v swear_v sheriff_n at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v evident_a beyond_o contradiction_n that_o though_o the_o lord_n mayor_n give_v the_o rule_n as_o chief_a in_o the_o common-hall_n and_o he_o with_o the_o common-council_n in_o the_o council-chamber_n set_v the_o penalty_n upon_o absenter_n the_o discharge_v of_o the_o person_n choose_v be_v in_o the_o common-hall_n and_o the_o act_n of_o the_o common_a hall_n case_n within_o three_o year_n after_o this_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o common-hall_n in_o this_o matter_n exclusive_a of_o all_o other_o power_n be_v assert_v in_o a_o very_a remarkable_a instance_n they_o have_v choose_v sheriff_n one_o mr._n ralph_n rowlet_n a_o officer_n in_o the_o royal_a mint_n the_o king_n write_v to_o the_o mayor_n and_o citizen_n show_v that_o mr._n rowlet_n be_v occupy_v in_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o mint_n and_o therefore_o
will_v they_o have_v knowledge_n of_o his_o privilege_n no_o far_o to_o inquiet_a he_o but_o to_o proceed_v to_o a_o new_a choice_n whereupon_o it_o be_v order_v decree_v and_o determine_v by_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o that_o the_o person_n there_o name_v shall_v repair_v to_o the_o king_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o citizen_n in_o their_o most_o humble_a manner_n to_o beseech_v he_o that_o the_o liberty_n custom_n and_o franchise_n of_o the_o city_n by_o his_o most_o noble_a progenitor_n grant_v to_o the_o same_o and_o by_o his_o highness_n ratify_v and_o confirm_v may_v stand_v and_o be_v in_o their_o strength_n and_o virtue_n concern_v the_o say_a ralph_n rowlet_n that_o he_o may_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o say_a room_n of_o sheriffwick_n according_a to_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o same_o the_o person_n so_o depute_v have_v attend_v the_o king_n return_v with_o a_o second_o letter_n direct_v to_o our_o trusty_a and_o right_a well_o belove_v the_o mayor_n of_o our_o city_n of_o london_n and_o our_o trusty_a and_o well_o belove_v the_o alderman_n citizens_z and_o commons_o of_o the_o same_o wherein_o as_o he_o say_v tender_v the_o entire_a conservation_n and_o maintenance_n of_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o city_n and_o see_v that_o his_o learned_a council_n be_v absent_a for_o which_o cause_n he_o be_v in_o suspense_n and_o doubt_n whether_o his_o letter_n patent_n to_o rowlet_n be_v of_o such_o force_n that_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o same_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v discharge_v he_o desire_v they_o to_o proceed_v to_o the_o election_n of_o some_o other_o person_n so_o to_o discharge_v the_o say_v ralph_n rowlet_n not_o in_o contemplation_n of_o the_o say_a letter_n patent_n but_o of_o those_o present_n be_v only_o of_o request_n whereupon_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o say_a mayor_n and_o alderman_n that_o a_o common-council_n shall_v be_v warn_v against_o the_o vigil_n of_o st._n michael_n the_o archangel_n concern_v the_o same_o and_o to_o their_o advyse_n in_o the_o premise_n the_o common-council_n meeting_n it_o be_v then_o and_o there_o agree_v according_a to_o the_o tenor_n and_o effect_v of_o the_o say_a letter_n it_o must_v be_v own_a that_o in_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o common-council_n there_o be_v these_o word_n it_o be_v agree_v 165._o that_o the_o say_v ralph_n rowlet_n shall_v be_v discharge_v of_o the_o say_a office_n for_o this_o time_n only_o and_o that_o thereupon_o the_o commons_o proceed_v to_o a_o new_a election_n where_o they_o do_v not_o pretend_v actual_o to_o discharge_v he_o but_o agree_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v discharge_v which_o show_v that_o the_o discharge_v be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o place_n where_o another_o be_v to_o be_v choose_v and_o they_o only_o advise_v this_o or_o recommend_v it_o to_o the_o common-hall_n that_o this_o be_v only_o by_o way_n of_o advice_n appear_v far_a not_o only_o by_o the_o declare_a end_n for_o which_o they_o be_v summon_v but_o by_o what_o follow_v the_o former_a part_n of_o the_o journal_n which_o after_o mention_v what_o be_v do_v in_o common-council_n have_v these_o word_n and_o then_o immediate_o the_o say_a letter_n be_v open_o read_v in_o the_o guild-hall_n aforesaid_a to_o all_o the_o commons_o in_o their_o livery_n then_o and_o there_o assemble_v and_o in_o like_a manner_n be_v agree_v in_o manner_n and_o form_n as_o the_o say_a common-council_n have_v agree_v and_o grant_v and_o thereupon_o the_o say_a mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o by_o one_o assent_n and_o consent_v proceed_v to_o the_o election_n of_o a_o new_a sheriff_n in_o the_o stead_n and_o place_n of_o the_o say_a mr._n rowlet_n here_o it_o be_v observable_a 1._o that_o it_o be_v hold_v and_o declare_v whether_o by_o the_o common-hall_n or_o ordinary_a common-council_n it_o matter_n not_o that_o the_o king_n prerogative_n to_o require_v the_o service_n of_o his_o subject_n can_v not_o defeat_v the_o right_n of_o the_o city_n to_o employ_v its_o citizen_n though_o the_o king_n have_v exercise_v his_o prerogative_n before_o the_o city_n have_v apply_v that_o right_n to_o the_o particular_a person_n 2._o that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o think_v it_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n or_o any_o other_o body_n of_o man_n without_o the_o commons_o to_o discharge_v the_o person_n choose_v 3._o that_o he_o suppose_v the_o choice_n of_o another_o person_n to_o amount_v to_o the_o discharge_v of_o the_o first_o 4._o that_o though_o the_o common-council_n among_o themselves_o agree_v that_o the_o person_n shall_v be_v discharge_v they_o do_v not_o insist_v upon_o this_o order_n or_o vote_n as_o conclusive_a to_o the_o common-hall_n but_o cause_v the_o king_n letter_n to_o be_v read_v in_o common-hall_n where_o all_o agree_v in_o manner_n and_o form_n as_o the_o common-council_n have_v do_v before_o that_o be_v they_o agree_v to_o discharge_v the_o party_n so_o that_o the_o agreement_n of_o the_o common-council_n be_v but_o matter_n of_o advice_n or_o a_o probationary_a order_n which_o want_v the_o placet_fw-la or_o fiat_n of_o the_o commons_o the_o next_o case_n which_o i_o find_v to_o this_o point_n be_v that_o of_o richmond_n 33_o h._n viii_o case_n in_o which_o as_o i_o be_o inform_v the_o asserter_n of_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o common-council_n much_o triumph_n and_o yet_o it_o will_v prove_v to_o have_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o strong_a prepossession_n or_o of_o not_o attend_v to_o those_o govern_v passage_n and_o expression_n which_o will_v full_o explain_v what_o may_v seem_v doubtful_a in_o this_o or_o other_o entry_n of_o the_o like_a kind_n richmond_n have_v be_v choose_v by_o the_o common-hall_n and_o his_o election_n certify_v to_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n in_o the_o utter_a chamber_n of_o guild-hall_n the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n be_v there_o say_v love_o to_o have_v confirm_v and_o allow_v the_o same_o after_o this_o the_o lord-mayor_n and_o his_o brethren_n the_o alderman_n returning_z into_o the_o hall_n richmond_n come_v up_o unto_o the_o lord-mayor_n and_o his_o brethren_n the_o alderman_n guild-hall_n and_o then_o and_o there_o make_v right_n humble_a and_o hearty_a suit_n petition_n and_o request_v both_o unto_fw-la they_o and_o unto_o the_o whole_a commons_o there_o present_a that_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o have_v not_o sufficient_a estate_n it_o may_v please_v they_o all_o to_o be_v so_o good_a lord_n and_o master_n unto_o he_o and_o to_o discharge_v he_o thereof_o again_o notwithstanding_o his_o allegation_n and_o reason_n for_o his_o excuse_n and_o discharge_v because_o it_o seem_v unto_o they_o that_o he_o be_v a_o man_n very_o meet_v and_o able_a for_o the_o same_o his_o say_a petition_n and_o request_n will_v not_o nor_o be_v not_o grant_v unto_o he_o he_o proffer_v his_o oath_n that_o he_o be_v not_o worth_a 1000_o mark_n but_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o council_n of_o the_o city_n answer_v that_o such_o oath_n be_v not_o sufficient_a without_o six_o voucher_n according_a to_o the_o late_a act_n of_o common-council_n however_o he_o swear_v to_o his_o insufficiency_n before_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o whereupon_o forasmuch_o as_o his_o own_o oath_n do_v not_o discharge_v he_o according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o say_a city_n of_o and_o from_o the_o say_a office_n but_o that_o he_o stand_v still_o and_o remain_v chargeable_a to_o the_o same_o and_o express_o refuse_v and_o deny_v there_o open_o to_o take_v it_o upon_o he_o and_o to_o meddle_v withal_o he_o be_v send_v to_o ward_n for_o his_o disobedience_n and_o obstinacy_n by_o the_o whole_a court_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o commons_o there_o assemble_v after_o this_o he_o be_v several_a time_n bring_v in_o custody_n before_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n and_o as_o often_o remand_v till_o at_o last_o he_o agree_v to_o pay_v 200_o l._n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o city_n for_o his_o discharge_n and_o give_v bond_n for_o the_o money_n thereupon_o he_o be_v discharge_v from_o his_o imprisonment_n then_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z common-council_n and_o other_o the_o commoner_n assemble_v at_o guild-hall_n for_o the_o discharge_v of_o the_o say_v richmond_n of_o and_o from_o the_o say_a office_n and_o for_o the_o election_n of_o another_o whereupon_o great_a part_n of_o the_o premise_n and_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o same_o by_o mr._n recorder_n first_o to_o the_o common-council_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o commons_o aforesaid_a then_o and_o there_o be_v substantial_o discreet_o and_o prudent_o publish_v and_o declare_v at_o length_n the_o same_o mr._n richmond_n be_v then_o and_o there_o by_o the_o say_a mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common-counsail_n there_o hold_v clear_o discharge_v for_o that_o time_n only_o of_o and_o from_o the_o say_a office_n for_o his_o say_a fine_n here_o they_o will_v take_v no_o notice_n of_o what_o be_v
a_o manner_n as_o they_o have_v the_o choose_n far_o yet_o whatever_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o a_o undoubted_a right_n be_v absolute_o void_a but_o for_o the_o common-council_n to_o discharge_v a_o person_n who_o the_o common-hall_n and_o they_o themselves_o as_o part_n do_v choose_v by_o a_o undoubted_a right_n be_v inconsistent_a as_o it_o make_v the_o right_a useless_a and_o therefore_o such_o a_o discharge_n must_v be_v void_a and_o the_o same_o will_v hold_v against_o exemption_n and_o indeed_o if_o other_o may_v exempt_v they_o can_v choose_v who_o they_o will_n in_o either_o case_n they_o be_v defeat_v of_o what_o the_o common-law_n and_o charter_n confirm_v in_o parliament_n vest_v in_o '_o they_o 3._o since_o therefore_o they_o remain_v the_o elector_n it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a question_n right_n whether_o they_o can_v bar_v themselves_o or_o succeed_a common-hall_n from_o a_o right_a so_o incident_a and_o annex_v to_o the_o election_n as_o the_o amove_n or_o discharge_v a_o person_n choose_a sheriff_n or_o exempt_n person_n be_v choose_v according_a to_o the_o notion_n of_o sir_n robert_n filmer_n and_o other_o of_o supreme_a power_n in_o which_o they_o mistake_v only_o for_o want_n of_o observe_v how_o the_o power_n which_o be_v in_o its_o nature_n indivisible_a be_v seat_v and_o enjoy_v to_o this_o matter_n i_o may_v well_o apply_v what_o that_o great_a man_n the_o late_a earl_n of_o clarendon_n say_v of_o the_o supposition_n that_o our_o ancestor_n have_v absolute_o submit_v to_o the_o will_n of_o a_o conqueror_n if_o it_o leviathan_n can_v be_v suppose_v that_o any_o nation_n can_v concur_v in_o such_o a_o designation_n and_o divest_v themselves_o of_o all_o their_o right_n and_o liberty_n it_o can_v only_o be_v in_o reason_n obligatory_a to_o the_o present_a contractor_n nor_o do_v it_o appear_v to_o we_o that_o their_o posterity_n must_v be_v bind_v by_o so_o unthrifty_a a_o concession_n of_o their_o parent_n to_o which_o i_o may_v add_v that_o of_o 12._o grotius_n no_o man_n can_v oblige_v himself_o by_o way_n of_o law_n that_o be_v as_o a_o superior_a and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o author_n of_o law_n have_v right_o to_o change_v their_o law_n yet_o any_o body_n may_v be_v oblige_v by_o his_o own_o law_n not_o direct_o but_o by_o consequence_n that_o be_v to_o say_v as_o he_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o community_n according_a to_o natural_a equity_n which_o require_v that_o part_n shall_v be_v compose_v with_o respect_n to_o the_o whole_a but_o here_o the_o elector_n stand_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o citizen_n and_o therefore_o may_v at_o any_o time_n reassume_a the_o right_n which_o belong_v to_o they_o as_o elector_n however_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v think_v to_o have_v part_v with_o it_o by_o implication_n custom_n in_o suffer_v a_o common-council_n to_o act_v as_o if_o the_o sole_a authority_n in_o this_o matter_n rest_v in_o they_o though_o for_o a_o long_a time_n than_o can_v be_v pretend_v here_o may_v beside_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o thing_n appear_v 1._o from_o observe_v some_o parallel_a case_n 2._o from_o the_o resolution_n of_o judge_n direct_o in_o this_o point_n first_o i_o may_v observe_v some_o case_n of_o many_o wherein_o a_o great_a length_n of_o time_n than_o be_v suppose_v here_o can_v take_v away_o no_o right_n 1._o discontinuance_n of_o part_n of_o the_o service_n belong_v to_o tenure_n when_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n have_v be_v possess_v of_o other_o part_n or_o at_o least_o of_o the_o principal_a as_o in_o bevil_n case_n rep._n according_a to_o which_o possession_n of_o the_o right_n of_o choose_v carry_v with_o it_o the_o incidental_a right_n of_o exempt_v and_o amove_v or_o discharge_v 2._o where_o a_o custom_n which_o have_v long_o obtain_v be_v contrary_a to_o the_o common-law_n right_o confirm_v by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o a_o considerable_a body_n of_o men._n thus_o from_o the_o precedent_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n 14_o or_o 15_o h._n vii_o a_o custom_n and_o suppose_a prerogative_n have_v obtain_v for_o the_o king_n to_o name_v a_o select_a number_n of_o peer_n to_o try_v any_o one_o of_o they_o for_o his_o life_n and_o this_o be_v support_v not_o only_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o lord_n coke_n but_o by_o the_o year-book_n 1._o 1_o h._n iu._n where_o there_o be_v a_o formal_a account_n of_o the_o trial_n of_o a_o earl_n of_o h._n in_o such_o manner_n at_o that_o time_n when_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o summons_n to_o parliament_n at_o that_o time_n that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o earl_n of_o h._n beside_o the_o earl_n of_o huntingdon_n and_o the_o record_n 30._o of_o 2_o h._n iu_o show_n that_o he_o be_v take_v in_o open_a rebellion_n be_v execute_v by_o the_o people_n without_o any_o legal_a process_n this_o and_o other_o evidence_n of_o the_o right_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o fair_a trial_n 1689._o have_v be_v communicate_v to_o several_a of_o they_o occasion_v their_o resolution_n jan._n 14._o 1689._o that_o it_o be_v the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o peer_n of_o england_n to_o be_v try_v only_o in_o full_a parliament_n for_o capital_a offence_n which_o they_o explain_v three_o day_n after_o except_v appeal_n for_o murder_n or_o other_o felony_n 1689._o which_o resolution_n be_v 189_o year_n since_o the_o precedent_n to_o the_o contrary_a which_o have_v be_v follow_v ever_o since_o to_o that_o day_n 3._o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o right_n here_o in_o question_n discontinuance_n be_v a_o right_o belong_v to_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n by_o prescription_n confirm_v by_o charter_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o a_o right_n which_o as_o have_v appear_v above_o the_o present_a representative_n of_o the_o citizen_n for_o the_o election_n of_o sheriff_n be_v possess_v of_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o h._n viii_o if_o not_o as_o late_o as_o 1_o eliz._n but_o if_o the_o custom_n ever_o since_o or_o for_o a_o much_o long_a time_n have_v place_v the_o exemption_n and_o discharge_v in_o other_o such_o a_o custom_n can_v not_o destroy_v the_o city_n prescriptional_a right_n for_o though_o interruption_n may_v destroy_v the_o prescriptional_a right_n of_o particular_a person_n sup_v it_o shall_v not_o such_o right_n of_o city_n and_o borough_n as_o may_v be_v regular_o exercise_v without_o confusion_n according_o though_o some_o 1176._o borough_n never_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n above_o once_o twice_o or_o thrice_o in_o one_o or_o two_o and_o some_o not_o in_o three_o hundred_o year_n they_o in_o pursuance_n of_o several_a vote_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o from_o the_o 18_o of_o j._n i._n downward_o have_v be_v restore_v and_o remit_v to_o their_o ancient_a right_n as_o day_n agmondesham_n st._n alban_n alverton_n alias_o allerton_n andover_n sâ—pra_fw-la asperton_n beverley_n botolph_n dunster_n fawy_n gatton_n herewich_n honyton_n lancaster_n leychesfeld_n lee_n 〈…〉_z malton_n marlaw_n magna_fw-la okhampton_n oreford_n 1._o pontefract_n preston_n richmond_n seaford_n webâ—eley_n wendover_n wych_n i_o shall_v take_v leave_n to_o observe_v what_o be_v cite_v upon_o this_o occasion_n in_o one_o of_o the_o report_n of_o the_o committee_n of_o privilege_n an._n 1628._o from_o hankford_n 11_o h._n 4._o the_o long_a discontinuance_n may_v come_v from_o poverty_n or_o the_o nescience_n or_o neglect_n of_o the_o sheriff_n though_o for_o certain_a in_o so_o long_a a_o succession_n of_o parliament_n these_o burrough_n have_v sufficient_a opportunity_n of_o free_v themselves_o from_o any_o prejudice_n which_o may_v arise_v from_o such_o â—â—science_n or_o neglect_v and_o by_o so_o long_a a_o sufferance_n seem_v to_o have_v give_v up_o their_o right_n yet_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o right_n of_o such_o a_o nature_n as_o be_v assumable_a whenever_o they_o be_v in_o a_o condition_n to_o exercise_v it_o for_o evidence_n of_o which_o i_o take_v leave_n to_o add_v a_o far_a instance_n that_o no_o discontinuance_n though_o for_o several_a hundred_o of_o year_n shall_v destroy_v such_o a_o right_n which_o be_v the_o case_n of_o st._n edmond_n bury_v in_o suffolk_n this_o by_o king_n 11._o cnute_n charter_n confirm_v by_o â—_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o afterward_o by_o w._n 1._o and_o whatever_o some_o talk_n of_o the_o publish_v his_o law_n in_o french_a according_a to_o the_o usage_n of_o he_o and_o former_a time_n cotton_n publish_v or_o proclaim_v more_o than_o once_o in_o the_o saxâ—n_a tongue_n appear_v to_o have_v be_v a_o burrow_n from_o the_o time_n of_o k._n edmond_n who_o die_v about_o 800_o year_n since_o and_o yet_o but_o one_o precept_n can_v be_v find_v for_o this_o burrow_n to_o send_v member_n to_o parliament_n till_o within_o late_a day_n and_o that_o single_a precept_n be_v as_o early_o as_o 30_o edw._n 1._o nor_o be_v there_o any_o return_n upon_o it_o but_o