and_o king_n of_o arragon_n to_o enter_v into_o a_o confederation_n with_o the_o florentine_n and_o to_o re-inu_a they_o of_o pisa_n infer_v that_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o french_a force_n may_v be_v divert_v which_o otherwise_o with_o the_o help_n of_o this_o state_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o italy_n might_n effect_n matter_n of_o prejudicial_a consequent_a to_o all_o three_o so_o fit_o stand_v it_o either_o to_o dispeople_v the_o enemy_n force_n or_o to_o reinforce_v their_o own_o and_o therefore_o guiccardine_n very_o judicial_o determine_v that_o it_o be_v a_o powerful_a estate_n rather_o per_fw-la l'opportunità _fw-la del_fw-it cito_fw-la che_fw-it per_fw-la la_fw-it grandezza_fw-it del_fw-it dominio_fw-la by_o the_o fitness_n of_o the_o situation_n then_o by_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o dominion_n but_o if_o we_o define_v the_o midst_n of_o italy_n in_o a_o arithmetical_a proportion_n that_o be_v the_o centre_n equal_o distant_a from_o both_o extreme_n it_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v true_a which_o pliny_n and_o varro_n report_n confirm_v also_o by_o leander_n albertâ—_n concern_v lago_n di_fw-fr pâ—e_fw-fr del_fw-it luco_fw-la which_o taciâ—us_o in_o his_o first_o book_n call_v lacus_n velnius_fw-la in_o sabina_n which_o they_o hold_v to_o be_v the_o midst_n of_o italy_n concern_v the_o river_n of_o worth_n there_o be_v few_o river_n of_o name_n many_o for_o the_o italian_a have_v a_o name_n for_o every_o ditch_n whereof_o if_o we_o allow_v they_o not_o tiber_n arno_n be_v their_o chief_n this_o river_n be_v so_o name_v by_o hercule_n lybicus_n who_o surname_n be_v libarno_n that_o be_v the_o lion_n of_o lybia_n and_o musarno_n that_o be_v the_o learned_a and_o valiant_a for_o be_v in_o the_o arabian_a tongue_n signify_v a_o lyon_n he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o osiris_n and_o isis_n call_v jupiter_n and_o juno_n by_o the_o greek_n and_o grandchild_n of_o janus_n call_v by_o the_o greek_n ogyger_n and_o by_o the_o chaldean_n and_o hebrew_n noah_n whereupon_o stand_v the_o city_n of_o florence_n and_o pisa_n serchio_n which_o run_v by_o lucca_n ombrone_n by_o pistoia_n bisentio_fw-la by_o prato_n chiana_n which_o pass_v by_o the_o vale_n of_o arezzo_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o arno_n mognâ—ne_n which_o run_v near_o civita_fw-la vecchia_fw-mi into_o the_o sea_n fiero_n which_o devide_v the_o great_a duke_n state_n and_o the_o pope_n towards_o the_o tuscan_a sea_n &_o paglia_n which_o divide_v those_o two_o state_n towards_o the_o apennine_n over_o which_o we_o pass_v by_o a_o bridge_n build_v by_o gregory_n the_o 13._o in_o our_o journey_n from_o florence_n to_o rome_n between_o rodicofany_n and_o aquapendente_fw-la that_o belong_v to_o the_o great_a duke_n this_o to_o the_o pope_n true_a it_o be_v that_o guicciardini_n in_o the_o 4._o book_n of_o his_o history_n and_o namely_o in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o book_n which_o by_o order_n of_o th'inquisition_n be_v leave_v out_o of_o all_o allow_v copy_n because_o in_o this_o place_n 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castello_n di_fw-it san_n luirico_fw-la nel_fw-it conâ—ado_fw-it di_fw-it sienna_n da_fw-mi una_fw-la banda_fw-la &_o dall_n altra_fw-la dal_n mare_fw-la di_fw-it sotto_fw-it &_o dal_a fuime_n di_fw-mi tevere_a that_o be_v it_o be_v limit_v on_o the_o one_o side_n with_o the_o river_n pescia_n and_o the_o castle_n saint_n luirick_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o sienna_n and_o on_o the_o other_o with_o the_o river_n tiber_n and_o the_o tyrrhene_a sea_n but_o i_o rather_o tie_v myself_o to_o the_o former_a limit_n for_o that_o the_o paglia_n be_v far_o beyond_o saint_n luirick_n whether_o the_o great_a duke_n state_n now_o reach_v there_o be_v also_o câ—cina_n which_o rise_v a_o little_a above_o the_o city_n of_o massa_n and_o so_o pass_v along_o the_o country_n of_o volterra_n full_v into_o the_o sea_n with_o many_o such_o other_o which_o in_o england_n we_o rather_o call_v brook_n or_o riveret_n for_o of_o all_o these_o there_o be_v few_o sit_v either_o for_o burden_n or_o boat_n in_o summer_n except_o the_o arno_n yet_o here_o often_o time_n scarce_o water_n for_o a_o mill_n as_o by_o their_o device_n at_o florence_n to_o pen_n it_o up_o appear_v the_o reason_n that_o the_o water_n of_o this_o state_n be_v so_o small_a be_v two_o the_o former_a be_v the_o violence_n of_o their_o downfall_n from_o the_o hill_n the_o better_a be_v because_o their_o head_n be_v so_o near_o to_o the_o sea_n as_o they_o can_v have_v space_n to_o be_v enlarge_v by_o the_o receipt_n of_o other_o lesser_a brook_n by_o which_o mean_v only_o all_o river_n grow_v great_a as_o namely_o the_o rhine_n and_o danowe_v whereof_o this_o last_o have_v from_o his_o head_n which_o be_v in_o the_o forest_n nera_fw-mi to_o the_o mare_n maggiore_n where_o he_o pay_v his_o tribute_n above_o two_o thousand_o mile_n and_o receive_v into_o his_o bed_n by_o the_o way_n three_o score_n navigable_a river_n the_o lake_n in_o this_o state_n be_v neither_o many_o nor_o great_a nothing_o so_o fair_a or_o fruitful_a as_o those_o of_o lombardy_n namely_o lago_n di_fw-fr garda_n lake_n lago_n d_o iseâ—_n lago_n d_o como_n and_o lago_n maggiore_n the_o chief_a in_o tuscany_n be_v these_o lago_n di_fw-fr trasimenâ—_n under_o the_o pope_n who_o let_v it_o out_o to_o diverse_a farmer_n for_o ten_o thousand_o ducat_n the_o year_n which_o have_v the_o fish_n whereof_o it_o be_v very_o fruitful_a and_o yield_v they_o also_o no_o little_a gain_n the_o profit_n which_o the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n raise_v by_o the_o lake_n of_o comacchiâ—_n who_o they_o say_v in_o venice_n make_v thereof_o yearly_a fourscore_o thousand_o ducat_n make_v this_o more_o probable_a but_o this_o lake_n of_o trasimene_n now_o call_v lago_n di_fw-it perugia_n be_v much_o more_o renown_a for_o the_o notable_a overthrow_n give_v there_o by_o hannibal_n to_o the_o roman_n near_o whereunto_o be_v that_o fair_a plain_a call_v ossaia_n of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o dead_a there_o slay_v by_o the_o rashness_n of_o c._n flaminius_n the_o consul_n as_o polybius_n in_o his_o three_o book_n liny_n in_o his_o two_o and_o twenty_o and_o plutarcke_o in_o the_o life_n of_o hannibal_n avow_v the_o other_o memorable_a blow_n give_v they_o if_o it_o be_v not_o here_o impertinent_a to_o remember_v be_v that_o at_o can_n in_o puglia_n call_v by_o liuâ—e_fw-fr in_o his_o twenty_o and_o one_o book_n caâ—nusium_n where_o be_v slay_v p._n emilius_n the_o consul_n l_o acilius_n and_o l_o furuis_fw-la bibaâ—ulus_n the_o quaestor_n one_o and_o twenty_o tribune_n of_o soldier_n fourscore_o senator_n forty_o thousand_o foot_n two_o thousand_o and_o seven_o hundred_o horse_n all_o roman_n and_o as_o many_o anuiliaries_n as_o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o hannibal_n and_o scipio_n and_o solinus_n italicus_n in_o his_o nine_o book_n confess_v there_o be_v diverse_a lake_n between_o pisa_n and_o livorne_n but_o small_a and_o of_o no_o name_n there_o be_v more_o not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n colle_n laego_fw-it di_fw-it bolsena_n call_v by_o ancient_a writer_n lacus_n vulsiniensium_fw-la lâ—go_fw-la di_fw-it bassanello_n ancient_o call_v lacus_n vadeâ—onius_n where_o the_o roman_n utter_o subdue_v the_o tuscan_n lago_n di_fw-fr bracciane_n call_v former_o lacus_n sabbatinus_fw-la lago_n di_fw-it vicco_fw-it call_v by_o virgil_n in_o his_o seven_o aenead_n and_o siluius_n italicus_n in_o his_o eight_o book_n lâ—cus_n cimini_n of_o the_o mountain_n so_o call_v stand_v between_o this_o lake_n and_o the_o city_n of_o viterbo_n lago_n di_fw-fr montâ—_n rosa_n not_o large_a but_o deep_a near_o rome_n with_o few_o other_o the_o plain_n be_v also_o few_o for_o they_o before_o be_v allow_v but_o one_o four_o part_n the_o chief_a be_v these_o plain_n that_o of_o florence_n wherein_o live_v above_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o person_n that_o near_o arezzo_n call_v vald_z '_o arno_n because_o the_o river_n pass_v by_o it_o the_o most_o fruitful_a that_o of_o pisa_n the_o most_o low_a and_o
salviati_n and_o pazzi_n govern_v the_o state_n of_o florence_n with_o all_o wisdom_n gravity_n and_o moderation_n without_o respect_n of_o any_o particular_a advancement_n of_o his_o house_n but_o only_o of_o the_o weal_n public_a to_o he_o have_v all_o the_o state_n and_o prince_n of_o italy_n recourse_n in_o all_o their_o matter_n of_o controversy_n to_o be_v end_v and_o of_o counsel_n to_o be_v guide_v insomuch_o as_o in_o his_o day_n florence_n seem_v another_o delphos_n and_o he_o another_o oracle_n as_o he_o will_v be_v all_o officer_n choose_v all_o family_n prefer_v and_o all_o common_a action_n of_o the_o state_n carry_v so_o that_o as_o in_o genoa_n the_o adorni_n and_o fregosi_n be_v by_o the_o people_n exalt_v to_o curb_v the_o unbrideled_a insolency_n of_o the_o colore_fw-la nobile_fw-la as_o in_o sienna_n the_o petrucci_n be_v make_v great_a to_o restrain_v the_o disorder_a humour_n of_o some_o aspire_a citizen_n as_o in_o perugia_n the_o baglioni_n be_v advance_v to_o impeach_v the_o proud_a design_n of_o the_o raspanti_n of_o who_o proceed_n the_o city_n grow_v jealous_a and_o as_o in_o bologna_n the_o bentivogli_n be_v prefer_v to_o extraordinary_a honour_n &_o authority_n through_o the_o hate_n they_o bear_v their_o noble_n so_o likewise_o the_o first_o raise_v of_o this_o family_n medici_n be_v their_o plausible_a carriage_n towards_o the_o mean_a and_o baseâ—_n rank_a of_o citizen_n by_o who_o they_o be_v choose_v for_o a_o head_n against_o the_o great_a and_o more_o powerful_a sort_n and_o not_o content_v with_o this_o prehemenencie_n their_o desire_n rest_v not_o until_o as_o in_o the_o person_n of_o alexander_n shall_v appear_v one_o of_o their_o house_n come_v to_o be_v duke_n of_o so_o great_a a_o state_n brother_n to_o a_o king_n of_o france_n and_o son_n in_o law_n to_o a_o emperor_n so_o ordinary_a and_o natural_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n in_o matter_n of_o ambition_n and_o greatness_n to_o keep_v no_o mediocrity_n that_o when_o you_o give_v he_o the_o authority_n and_o command_n over_o few_o and_o in_o small_a matter_n he_o can_v listen_v his_o vast_a thought_n within_o the_o limit_n prescribe_v but_o be_v so_o carry_v beyond_o himself_o with_o a_o desire_n to_o rule_v as_o without_o consideration_n either_o of_o virtue_n by_o which_o or_o of_o friend_n by_o who_o he_o be_v advance_v he_o be_v violent_o drive_v with_o the_o stream_n of_o that_o his_o ambitious_a passion_n to_o oppress_v aswell_o those_o by_o who_o mean_n as_o those_o for_o who_o cause_n he_o be_v at_o first_o advance_v which_o ambitious_a humour_n of_o reign_v though_o it_o reign_v not_o in_o this_o good_a lorenzo_n who_o with_o the_o reputation_n of_o a_o great_a wise_a man_n and_o no_o less_o good_a citizen_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1492._o with_o who_o say_v guicciardine_n die_v the_o glory_n and_o peace_n of_o italy_n yet_o it_o make_v the_o way_n to_o those_o garboil_n and_o trouble_n which_o his_o child_n greatness_n by_o his_o desert_n and_o aspire_v mind_n by_o their_o own_o corruption_n dâ—d_v afterward_o cause_v in_o florence_n for_o leave_v behind_o he_o three_o son_n piero_n giovanni_n and_o guigliano_fw-it the_o first_o succeed_v his_o father_n but_o not_o with_o like_a moderation_n in_o that_o authority_n wherein_o his_o father_n virtue_n leave_v he_o in_o but_o assert_v a_o lordly_a superiority_n and_o sole_a government_n and_o as_o my_o author_n say_v con_n consiglio_fw-it dirittamehie_fw-fr contrario_fw-la à _fw-la consigli_fw-la paterni_fw-la ne_fw-la communicato_fw-la â—o_o cittadini_fw-la principali_fw-la with_o a_o counsel_n quite_o contrary_a to_o that_o of_o his_o father_n and_o keep_v still_o secret_a from_o the_o chief_a citizen_n he_o seek_v to_o carry_v all_o matter_n after_o the_o unbrideled_a sway_n of_o his_o own_o affection_n so_o great_o to_o the_o dislike_n of_o the_o citizen_n and_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o their_o liberty_n as_o â—e_v with_o his_o brother_n be_v worthy_o banish_v who_o after_o many_o attempt_n to_o be_v reimpatriate_a yet_o still_o repulse_v be_v notwithstanding_o at_o the_o last_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o ferdinando_n king_n of_o arragon_n and_o naples_n restore_v i_o mean_v the_o two_o young_a brother_n for_o piero_n be_v now_o dead_a ripigliando_n quell_v antica_fw-la grandezza_fw-mi de_fw-fr medicima_fw-la gowernandola_n puâ—_n imperiosament_v e_fw-it con_fw-mi arbitâ—io_fw-la pui_fw-la assoluto_fw-mi di_fw-it quello_fw-it che'_v soleva_fw-la take_v upon_o they_o again_o the_o former_a greatness_n of_o the_o medici_n &_o carry_v it_o more_o lordly_a and_o with_o a_o more_o peremptory_a swinge_n than_o they_o be_v wont_a guicciard_n lib._n 11._o car_n 318._o this_o restore_n of_o the_o medici_n &_o subjection_n of_o the_o city_n be_v in_o the_o year_n 1512._o after_o they_o have_v be_v eighteen_o year_n banish_v in_o which_o lordly_a course_n of_o carry_v themselves_o they_o continue_v fifteen_o year_n till_o 1527._o when_o clement_n the_o pope_n be_v in_o dangerat_a rome_n &_o flee_v into_o the_o castle_n s_o angelo_n the_o florentine_n take_v advantage_n of_o the_o time_n attempt_v the_o recover_n of_o their_o liberty_n howbeit_o at_o the_o pope_n instance_n the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o make_v alexander_n medici_n prior_n perpetual_a and_o after_o in_o 35._o as_o have_v be_v before_o say_v speak_v of_o his_o style_n have_v match_v in_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n he_o create_v he_o duke_n cause_v a_o emblematical_a statue_n to_o be_v make_v of_o brasle_n in_o the_o chief_a piazza_n of_o the_o town_n with_o this_o inscription_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o emperor_n te_fw-la filsi_fw-la si_fw-la quâ—â—_n leserat_fw-la ultor_fw-la ero_fw-la my_o son_n i_o will_v revenge_v thou_o if_o any_o dare_v to_o hurt_v thou_o as_o a_o threat_n to_o the_o city_n if_o they_o offer_v to_o recover_v their_o liberty_n this_o alexander_n first_o duke_n of_o florence_n be_v murder_v by_o his_o cousin_n lorenzo_n and_o have_v no_o issue_n the_o government_n fall_v to_o cosmo_n son_n to_o giovanni_n de_fw-fr medici_n &_o maria_n salviati_n heir_n in_o the_o next_o line_n &_o father_n to_o this_o great_a duke_n that_o now_o live_v to_o who_o by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o elder_a brother_n francisco_n this_o state_n be_v devolue_v court._n concern_v his_o court_n it_o be_v the_o general_a opinion_n that_o it_o be_v great_a than_o of_o a_o duke_n less_o than_o of_o a_o king_n which_o compare_v with_o other_o duke_n of_o italy_n be_v true_a howbeit_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v either_o what_o number_n of_o person_n be_v therein_o or_o what_o provision_n there_o be_v make_v i_o think_v it_o may_v hardly_o compare_v with_o the_o house_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n comprehend_v in_o this_o number_n none_o but_o such_o as_o live_v and_o have_v their_o diet_n in_o court_n whereof_o there_o be_v very_o few_o for_o this_o court_n do_v yield_v two_o sort_n of_o courtier_n della_fw-it bocca_fw-it &_o della_fw-it casa_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o of_o the_o house_n that_o be_v of_o such_o as_o feed_v there_o and_o of_o such_o as_o retain_v only_o of_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v the_o great_a duke_n himself_o the_o duke_n bracciano_n their_o duchess_n their_o child_n and_o some_o few_o servant_n beside_o to_o the_o number_n as_o i_o have_v creadible_o hear_v not_o above_o four_o and_o twenty_o of_o the_o other_o sort_n be_v other_o officer_n of_o court_n which_o notwithstanding_o live_v at_o their_o own_o private_a table_n as_o monsignior_n puteo_fw-la archbishop_n of_o pisa_n and_o thereto_o his_o highness_n by_o who_o counsel_n he_o be_v especial_o advise_v il_fw-fr signior_n piero_n vsimbaldi_n il_fw-it signor_fw-it cavalliere_n conciâ—o_n il_fw-it signor_fw-it beliario_n vinta_n il_fw-fr signior_n cavalliere_n serguidi_n il_fw-fr signor_fw-it piero_n conti_n his_o secretary_n &_o diverse_a other_o his_o officer_n to_o these_o if_o we_o add_v don_n giovanni_n &_o don_n antonio_n both_o medici_n the_o one_o his_o brother_n the_o other_o his_o nephew_n illegitimate_a il_fw-fr signior_n camillo_n del_fw-it monte_fw-it general_a of_o the_o foot_n il_fw-fr signior_n conte_n gherardesca_n colonel_n of_o the_o horse_n il_fw-fr signior_n francisco_n montauti_fw-la general_a of_o his_o galley_n beside_o the_o lâ—arant_a '_o otto_n &_o diverse_a other_o countess_n and_o noble_n of_o florence_n you_o shall_v see_v a_o very_a honourable_a and_o noble_a presence_n the_o order_n of_o this_o discourse_n require_v that_o in_o this_o place_n i_o brief_o advertise_v of_o the_o order_n of_o san_n stephano_n stephen_n whereof_o his_o highness_n be_v grand-master_n which_o be_v first_o institute_v by_o cosmo_n his_o father_n and_o confirm_v by_o pius_fw-la quintus_fw-la but_o because_o the_o ordinance_n &_o statute_n thereof_o be_v very_o many_o aswell_o concern_v the_o investiture_n as_o degradation_n &_o for_o that_o there_o be_v a_o book_n write_v thereof_o entitle_v della_fw-it religione_fw-la di_fw-it san_fw-it stephano_n i_o
general_a food_n of_o the_o tuscan_a at_o who_o table_n a_o salad_n be_v as_o ordinary_a as_o salt_n at_o we_o for_o be_v eat_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o person_n &_o at_o all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n of_o the_o scotfree_a because_o they_o love_v to_o spare_v of_o the_o poor_a because_o they_o can_v choose_v of_o many_o religious_a because_o of_o their_o vow_n of_o most_o other_o because_o of_o their_o want_n it_o remain_v to_o believe_v that_o which_o themselves_o confess_v namely_o flesh._n that_o for_o every_o horseload_n of_o flesh_n eat_v there_o be_v ten_o cart_n load_v of_o herb_n and_o root_n which_o also_o their_o open_a market_n and_o private_a table_n do_v witness_v and_o whereof_o if_o one_o talk_v with_o they_o fast_v he_o shall_v have_v sensible_a feel_n but_o for_o the_o better_a proof_n of_o the_o little_a flesh_n here_o spend_v it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o remember_v what_o the_o chancellor_n of_o prato_n tell_v i_o concern_v this_o matter_n who_o seem_v by_o 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the_o rule_n of_o three_o we_o may_v reduce_v to_o pound_n english_a of_o sixteen_o ounce_n and_o then_o divide_v by_o fourteen_o know_v how_o many_o stone_n be_v there_o eat_v in_o a_o year_n according_a to_o which_o computation_n we_o shall_v find_v 18000_o stone_n the_o people_n there_o be_v as_o be_v already_o say_v 16000_o person_n so_o that_o there_o be_v little_o more_o than_o a_o stone_n a_o piece_n for_o the_o year_n a_o proportion_n which_o in_o newgate_n market_n and_o s._n nicholas-shamble_n will_v hardly_o be_v believe_v pythagoras_n find_v by_o the_o dimension_n of_o the_o foot_n the_o perfect_a rieratte_n of_o hercules_n &_o phidias_n of_o athens_n find_v by_o the_o paw_n of_o the_o lion_n the_o true_a proportion_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n so_o by_o this_o small_a store_n of_o flesh_n spend_v in_o prato_n may_v well_o be_v conceive_v what_o proportion_n be_v spend_v in_o the_o whole_a state_n of_o tuscany_n it_o may_v here_o not_o impertinent_o be_v remember_v speak_v 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shall_v shill_v they_o suffer_v it_o afterward_o to_o stand_v in_o shock_n â—ill_v it_o be_v well_o wither_v and_o dry_v then_o make_v a_o store_n on_o the_o ground_n where_o it_o grow_v they_o present_o thresh_v it_o &_o stack_n up_o the_o straw_n for_o their_o necessary_a use_n the_o same_o ground_n which_o have_v carry_v this_o crop_n if_o it_o be_v in_o heart_n be_v again_o present_o till_v and_o sow_v with_o miglio_n panico_n sagina_fw-la or_o some_o pulse_n or_o other_o which_o again_o they_o reap_v in_o september_n they_o measure_v their_o corn_n by_o the_o staio_n as_o we_o we_o by_o the_o strike_v or_o bushel_n it_o contain_v in_o weight_n fifty_o five_o pound_n at_o twelve_o ounce_n the_o pound_n and_o as_o we_o measure_v our_o land_n by_o the_o acre_n so_o they_o they_o by_o the_o staioro_n which_o take_v his_o name_n of_o the_o staio_n because_o one_o of_o these_o parcel_n of_o land_n if_o it_o be_v on_o the_o hill_n will_v ask_v a_o staio_n of_o corn_n to_o feed_v it_o otherwise_o in_o the_o valley_n every_o measure_n will_v ordinary_o feed_v four_o straiora_fw-la i_o suppose_v that_o six_o of_o these_o make_v one_o of_o our_o acre_n the_o countryman_n will_v stir_v of_o they_o as_o we_o call_v it_o eighteen_o with_o his_o two_o yoke_n of_o ox_n the_o one_o yoke_n feed_v while_o the_o other_o labour_v in_o one_o day_n he_o have_v for_o his_o labour_n four_o crazy_a a_o piece_n which_o be_v threepence_n starling_n so_o that_o he_o and_o his_o beast_n earn_v some_o four_o shilling_n sixpence_n sterling_a the_o day_n how_o this_o agree_v with_o our_o rate_n in_o england_n i_o can_v say_v i_o go_v not_o out_o so_o good_a a_o husband_n the_o staioro_n do_v ordinary_o yield_v seven_o and_o eight_o staia_v crop_n which_o be_v little_a short_a of_o the_o proportion_n of_o four_o quarter_n a_o acre_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n be_v general_o light_a and_o sandy_a soil_n lay_v in_o small_a ridge_n like_o the_o field_n of_o norfolk_n which_o as_o i_o take_v it_o argue_v the_o lightness_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o city_n &_o great_a town_n near_o and_o the_o number_n of_o people_n it_o be_v much_o force_v and_o make_v more_o fruitful_a for_o there_o be_v those_o who_o all_o their_o life_n time_n do_v nothing_o but_o with_o their_o ass_n go_v up_o and_o down_o the_o city_n gather_v up_o the_o dung_n in_o the_o street_n and_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o land_n of_o those_o with_o who_o they_o have_v bargain_v pay_v out_o of_o every_o ass_n burden_n one_o quattrino_n to_o the_o duke_n before_o they_o pass_v the_o gate_n but_o this_o be_v a_o discourse_n for_o another_o place_n it_o remain_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o salt_n salt_n another_o commodity_n which_o they_o have_v here_o in_o tuscany_n in_o some_o reasonable_a manner_n it_o be_v very_o white_a and_o good_a much_o better_a than_o that_o of_o the_o church_n salt_n which_o have_v almost_o the_o colour_n of_o sawdust_n or_o that_o of_o liguria_n which_o be_v little_o better_a the_o two_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o have_v this_o commodity_n be_v the_o city_n of_o grossetta_n in_o the_o maremma_n and_o the_o pit_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n of_o volterra_n howbeit_o they_o make_v of_o it_o at_o these_o pit_n in_o great_a measure_n where_o it_o be_v report_v be_v daily_o make_v throughout_o the_o year_n twenty_o four_o moggie_a every_o of_o these_o measure_n be_v four_o and_o twenty_o staia_v that_o be_v of_o our_o measure_n some_o sixteen_o strike_v a_o piece_n so_o that_o there_o be_v daily_o make_v 48._o quarter_n they_o know_v when_o it_o be_v sufficient_o boil_v by_o the_o throw_n in_o of_o a_o egg_n for_o if_o it_o sink_v then_o be_v it_o not_o yet_o perfect_a effect_v but_o if_o it_o swim_v ah_o galla_o than_o they_o
di_fw-it bracciano_fw-it that_o now_o with_o the_o duchess_n his_o wife_n sister_n to_o the_o cardinal_n mont_fw-mi '_o alto_n be_v in_o court_n be_v son_n of_o another_o of_o his_o sister_n the_o duke_n of_o montona_n marry_v madama_n leonora_n of_o this_o house_n he_o have_v also_o near_o alliance_n with_o the_o family_n zforza_n and_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o court_n at_o my_o come_n from_o livorno_n that_o rannuio_n farnese_n duke_n of_o parma_n shall_v marry_v maria_n sister_n to_o leonora_n both_o daughter_n to_o francisco_n his_o brother_n howbeit_o it_o be_v afterward_o report_v that_o he_o shall_v marry_v the_o sister_n of_o cardinal_n mont_fw-mi '_o alto_n niece_n to_o sixtus_n quintus_n who_o sinde_v he_o have_v marry_v and_o maria_n be_v wife_n to_o henry_n the_o 4._o king_n of_o france_n his_o arm_n be_v six_o apple_n or_o ball_n of_o gold_n in_o a_o field_n azure_a arm_n unto_o which_o some_o say_v be_v add_v since_o his_o obtain_v the_o sceptre_n the_o arm_n of_o florence_n the_o flower_n de_fw-fr lise_n but_o have_v the_o authority_n of_o one_o so_o approve_v as_o be_v guicciardine_n to_o the_o contrary_a i_o rather_o say_v with_o he_o that_o this_o addition_n be_v give_v of_o special_a favour_n to_o the_o family_n medici_n by_o the_o house_n of_o france_n by_o who_o in_o his_o first_o book_n page_n 16._o it_o be_v plain_a that_o when_o charles_n the_o eight_o intend_v his_o voyage_n for_o naples_n he_o seek_v as_o a_o league_n much_o import_v that_o action_n the_o friendship_n of_o the_o florentine_a state_n and_o that_o as_o he_o there_o say_v if_o they_o will_v not_o join_v with_o he_o in_o the_o service_n yet_o at_o least_o they_o will_v grant_v he_o passage_n for_o his_o army_n and_o victual_n for_o his_o money_n whereto_o he_o labour_v by_o letter_n both_o the_o state_n in_o general_a and_o piero_n medici_n in_o particular_a in_o which_o his_o letter_n to_o medici_n he_o put_v he_o in_o mind_n of_o the_o maâ—ie_a favour_n and_o honour_n do_v by_o lewes_n the_o eleven_o to_o lorenzo_n his_o father_n and_o to_o his_o ancestor_n that_o they_o have_v give_v molte_fw-it dimostrazioni_fw-it per_fw-la conservation_n della_fw-it grandezza_fw-it d'essi_fw-it many_o proof_n of_o willingness_n to_o preserve_v the_o medicies_n greatness_n and_o that_o they_o have_v honour_v in_o testimonio_fw-la de_fw-it benevolenza_fw-it l'insegneâ—ora_fw-it con_fw-mi l'insegne_n proprie_fw-la della_fw-it casa_fw-la di_fw-it francia_n in_o show_n of_o their_o love_n their_o arm_n with_o they_o of_o france_n stile_n concern_v his_o style_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o since_o the_o government_n come_v to_o the_o hand_n of_o this_o family_n it_o have_v alter_v four_o time_n for_o first_o when_o by_o clement_n the_o 7._o his_o mean_n who_o be_v a_o medici_n alexandro_n have_v obtain_v the_o signory_n of_o florence_n he_o be_v entitle_v prior_n perpetual_a after_o that_o match_v in_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n he_o be_v create_v duke_n of_o florence_n the_o title_n yet_o change_v twice_o more_o in_o the_o person_n of_o cosmo_n father_n to_o this_o great_a duke_n now_o live_v for_o have_v unite_v the_o state_n of_o florence_n and_o sienna_n he_o be_v entitle_v dux_n florentiae_fw-la et_fw-la senarum_fw-la and_o after_o by_o pius_fw-la quintus_fw-la he_o be_v create_v magnus_n dux_n hetruriae_fw-la for_o some_o special_a service_n do_v to_o the_o church_n this_o title_n of_o duke_n be_v not_o of_o any_o great_a antiquity_n in_o italy_n for_o although_o titus_n livius_n speak_v of_o deuce_n yet_o he_o mean_v captain_n of_o soldier_n or_o rather_o such_o as_o have_v the_o lead_n of_o a_o army_n by_o the_o senate_n appointment_n and_o not_o such_o as_o have_v absolute_a authority_n over_o city_n and_o country_n the_o first_o bringer_n in_o of_o this_o name_n into_o italy_n be_v longinus_n king_n of_o the_o lombarde_n one_o hundred_o sixty_o six_o year_n after_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n by_o he_o at_o the_o first_o be_v create_v four_o which_o bear_v their_o title_n of_o these_o place_n beneventum_n turine_n fruy_o and_o spoleto_n at_o which_o time_n also_o be_v institute_v the_o two_o marquesart_n of_o ancona_n and_o treviso_n which_o still_o live_v in_o the_o name_n though_o dead_a in_o the_o person_n that_o shall_v have_v they_o and_o it_o shall_v seem_v in_o some_o sort_n this_o title_n of_o marquesse_n be_v better_a than_o that_o of_o duke_n for_o in_o their_o language_n say_v biondo_n it_o signify_v perpetuum_fw-la magistratum_fw-la because_o they_o may_v leave_v their_o title_n and_o signory_n to_o their_o heir_n which_o the_o duke_n can_v not_o do_v but_o by_o the_o leaf_n of_o the_o king_n of_o lombardie_n some_o say_v this_o word_n of_o marquis_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o french_a marque_n which_o signify_v a_o province_n as_o that_o a_o marquis_n shall_v signify_v the_o precedent_n of_o a_o province_n other_o think_v it_o be_v derive_v of_o the_o dutch_a word_n marchk_n among_o who_o this_o title_n be_v in_o great_a honour_n &_o signify_v a_o signior_n over_o a_o country_n to_o some_o limit_n or_o mark_n for_o so_o altimeri_fw-la in_o his_o scholia_fw-la upon_o cornelius_n tacitus_n interprete_v as_o for_o this_o title_n of_o great_a duke_n there_o never_o be_v any_o before_o in_o italy_n nor_o i_o think_v in_o europe_n but_o he_o of_o musconia_n of_o duke_n there_o be_v diverse_a in_o this_o country_n of_o italy_n as_o the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n muntova_n parma_n vrbino_n beside_o four_o and_o twenty_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n concern_v his_o claim_n and_o right_a to_o the_o crown_n title_n it_o be_v beyond_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o bare_a relation_n as_o this_o be_v to_o dispute_v how_o good_a it_o be_v but_o rather_o to_o discourse_v what_o it_o be_v neither_o to_o determine_v how_o just_o his_o predecessor_n get_v it_o but_o how_o lineal_o it_o be_v devolue_v from_o they_o to_o he_o the_o mean_n how_o this_o house_n rise_v to_o such_o superiority_n in_o a_o commonwealth_n where_o be_v always_o maintain_v such_o equallitie_n be_v by_o the_o florence_n history_n easy_o discern_v to_o be_v their_o popularity_n &_o insinuative_n steal_v into_o the_o people_n good_a opinion_n over_o who_o they_o oftentimes_o in_o case_n of_o insolency_n &_o oppression_n by_o the_o noble_a sort_n undertake_v the_o patronage_n &_o become_v as_o it_o be_v the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n in_o rome_n or_o the_o auogadori_fw-es del_fw-it commune_fw-la in_o venice_n who_o as_o i_o take_v it_o be_v advocate_n &_o intercessor_n for_o the_o citizens_n prefer_v their_o suit_n to_o the_o court_n howbeit_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n for_o this_o be_v a_o office_n institute_v that_o be_v a_o favour_n enchroch_v upon_o this_o be_v by_o law_n limit_v that_o be_v by_o man_n nature_n so_o infinite_a as_o it_o stay_v not_o run_v on_o this_o plausible_a race_n till_o the_o wish_a goal_n be_v get_v venice_n have_v be_v wise_a in_o this_o case_n where_o it_o have_v be_v danger_n for_o a_o great_a man_n to_o deserve_v too_o well_o and_o be_v love_v too_o much_o for_o which_o cause_n only_o as_o in_o their_o annal_n appear_v some_o of_o they_o have_v lose_v their_o life_n fear_v what_o this_o popularity_n of_o they_o may_v effect_v if_o it_o be_v put_v to_o the_o trial_n &_o hold_v belike_o that_o principle_n good_a in_o a_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v a_o ground_n in_o matter_n of_o the_o church_n which_o say_v melius_fw-la est_fw-la pevire_n unum_fw-la quam_fw-la unionem_fw-la it_o be_v better_a one_o perish_v then_o unity_n faction_n be_v as_o dangerous_a in_o the_o one_o as_o schism_n in_o the_o other_o to_o which_o purpose_n athens_n and_o rome_n can_v afford_v many_o fit_a example_n &_o indeed_o so_o many_o as_o it_o be_v needless_a to_o recount_v either_o that_o of_o scylla_n and_o marius_n caesar_n and_o pompeius_n octavius_n and_o antonius_n or_o any_o other_o particular_n either_o of_o the_o one_o state_n or_o the_o other_o and_o but_o that_o the_o colour_n noble_a and_o popular_a be_v in_o seventie_o six_o in_o good_a time_n unite_v in_o the_o city_n of_o genoa_n there_o have_v not_o want_v at_o this_o day_n a_o example_n in_o that_o city_n also_o either_o of_o the_o family_n doria_n spinoli_fw-la grimaldi_n or_o fieschi_n as_o by_o oberto_n foglietta_n a_o very_a judicial_a writer_n of_o these_o time_n be_v prove_v but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o history_n of_o the_o family_n medici_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o lorenzo_n grandchild_n to_o the_o first_o cosmo_n who_o for_o his_o well_o deserve_v of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v surnamed_n pater_fw-la patriae_fw-la &_o uncle_n to_o clement_n the_o 7._o who_o for_o desert_n clean_o contrary_a merit_v the_o title_n of_o ruina_fw-la reipub_fw-la he_o i_o say_v after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n guigliano_fw-it who_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o family_n
people_n in_o the_o state_n of_o florence_n and_o sienna_n unite_v together_o be_v about_o eight_o hundred_o thousand_o and_o that_o they_o which_o reckon_v six_o in_o the_o one_o &_o five_o in_o the_o other_o and_o so_o make_v one_o million_o and_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o do_v somewhat_o overshoot_v the_o true_a number_n much_o more_o they_o that_o reckon_v 800000._o in_o the_o state_n of_o florence_n and_o 600000._o in_o that_o of_o sienna_n not_o consider_v that_o the_o people_n of_o sienna_n and_o pisa_n with_o their_o precinct_n be_v much_o decay_v as_o have_v already_o be_v partly_o say_v now_o than_o if_o sixteen_o thousand_o people_n the_o number_n of_o they_o within_o the_o distretto_fw-it the_o precinct_n of_o prato_n do_v allow_v the_o great_a duke_n a_o rassegna_n of_o three_o hundred_o which_o i_o have_v see_v four_o time_n train_v for_o they_o muster_v and_o be_v exercise_v once_o a_o month_n throughout_o his_o state_n then_o eight_o hundred_o thousand_o will_v allow_v fifteen_o thousand_o after_o that_o rate_n but_o if_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o church_n and_o in_o the_o maremma_n there_o be_v a_o great_a rassegna_n than_o in_o other_o place_n and_o so_o the_o proportion_n not_o to_o hold_v i_o reply_v to_o answer_v this_o with_o sufficient_a recompense_n there_o be_v no_o muster_n of_o soldier_n nor_o any_o rassegna_fw-la in_o the_o city_n of_o florence_n which_o be_v a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a so_o that_o of_o this_o i_o be_o sure_a that_o in_o florence_n prato_n pistoia_n pisa_n &_o their_o territory_n there_o be_v not_o in_o all_o above_o two_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o i_o shall_v therefore_o think_v it_o strange_a and_o very_a disproportionate_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v above_o twenty_o thousand_o in_o all_o it_o may_v be_v demand_v why_o they_o of_o florence_n be_v not_o train_v aswell_o as_o the_o rest_n the_o reason_n be_v manet_fw-la alta_fw-la mente_fw-la reposta_fw-la tyrannis_fw-la papae_fw-la &_o consensus_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la pope_n clement_n usurp_a and_o charles_n the_o fift_n consent_n stick_v still_o in_o their_o stomach_n for_o they_o have_v not_o yet_o forget_v that_o their_o father_n be_v free_a &_o commander_n over_o other_o &_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o only_o prevent_v of_o this_o mean_n which_o peradventure_o at_o sometime_o or_o other_o they_o may_v take_v but_o they_o be_v also_o debar_v the_o have_v of_o any_o arm_n in_o their_o house_n or_o of_o wear_v any_o weapon_n by_o their_o side_n except_o he_o be_v a_o knight_n of_o the_o order_n or_o a_o train_a soldier_n or_o a_o officer_n or_o one_o that_o have_v especial_a licence_n for_o the_o same_o whereof_o there_o be_v many_o gentleman_n in_o florence_n according_a to_o the_o favour_n they_o have_v with_o the_o prince_n and_o as_o he_o be_v secure_v of_o they_o the_o like_a be_v through_o the_o whole_a state_n insomuch_o as_o many_o will_v sue_v to_o be_v train_v soldier_n a_o thing_n which_o with_o we_o they_o will_v glad_o avoid_v because_o they_o may_v be_v privilege_v to_o wear_v weapon_n but_o especial_o which_o be_v also_o a_o freedom_n grant_v to_o man_n of_o this_o profession_n because_o they_o may_v not_o be_v arrest_v for_o debt_n his_o force_n at_o sea_n and_o land_n be_v these_o already_o remember_v beside_o one_o hundred_o lance_n which_o he_o keep_v in_o sienna_n &_o some_o fifty_o light_a horse_n in_o his_o own_o stable_n at_o florence_n beside_o four_o hundred_o more_o in_o other_o place_n of_o his_o state_n his_o entrate_n entrate_n be_v by_o diverse_a man_n diverse_o estimate_v some_o say_v one_o million_o and_o a_o half_a other_o one_o million_o and_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o and_o some_o there_o be_v that_o say_v it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o both_o these_o sum_n howsoever_o it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o the_o least_o of_o these_o be_v a_o great_a matter_n for_o so_o small_a a_o state_n whether_o we_o call_v it_o small_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o circuit_n the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n or_o last_o the_o barrenness_n of_o the_o soil_n out_o of_o which_o the_o subject_n wealth_n and_o prince_n tax_n shall_v be_v raise_v this_o may_v well_o be_v prove_v by_o compare_v this_o state_n with_o that_o of_o the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n which_o be_v not_o much_o less_o in_o continent_n then_o this_o of_o the_o great_a duke_n and_o the_o soil_n general_o much_o more_o fruitful_a yet_o be_v the_o revenue_n of_o this_o great_a duke_n almost_o thrice_o as_o much_o as_o that_o other_o a_o apparent_a argument_n of_o the_o overcharging_a of_o his_o people_n by_o taxation_n &_o imposition_n more_o than_o their_o neighbour_n yet_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n less_o charge_v than_o these_o &_o they_o under_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n lest_o of_o all_o only_o they_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n have_v as_o much_o cause_n to_o complain_v as_o the_o tuscans_n or_o any_o other_o subject_n in_o italy_n whatsoever_o as_o for_o the_o truth_n of_o those_o three_o opinion_n which_o of_o they_o have_v best_a interest_n therein_o i_o dare_v not_o determine_v i_o will_v only_o add_v to_o these_o generallity_n such_o particular_n as_o be_v common_o know_v &_o of_o all_o confess_v with_o some_o other_o specialty_n which_o be_v of_o most_o man_n either_o purposely_o because_o uncertain_a omit_v or_o else_o negligent_o relate_v the_o opinion_n of_o they_o that_o rate_v his_o revenue_n at_o 1100._o thousand_o ducat_n be_v direct_v by_o this_o particular_a he_o have_v say_v they_o out_o of_o the_o gabell_n or_o toll_n of_o the_o gate_n of_o florence_n 100_o thousand_o ducat_n dogana_n or_o customhouse_n at_o florence_n 100_o gabel_n upon_o salt_n through_o that_o state_n 120._o upon_o corn_n through_o that_o state_n 120._o upon_o flesh_n through_o that_o state_n 80._o upon_o dower_n and_o bargain_n 70._o upon_o condemnation_n and_o suit_n in_o law_n 65._o pisa_n and_o livorno_n yield_v yearly_a 70._o pistoia_n yield_v yearly_a 60._o arezzo_n yearly_a 20._o volterra_fw-la yearly_a yield_v 15._o cortona_n yield_v 20._o monte_fw-fr pulciano_n yield_v yearly_a 10._o fiesole_n a_o desolate_a city_n yield_v 2._o colle_n a_o city_n of_o five_o year_n old_a yield_v 3._o the_o city_n and_o state_n of_o sienna_n 240._o all_o which_o together_o make_v the_o sum_n of_o 1095000._o which_o within_o five_o thousand_o ducat_n agree_v with_o the_o say_a sum_n this_o account_n â—hall_v appear_v not_o to_o swerve_v much_o if_o we_o examine_v each_o particular_a first_o for_o the_o toll_n of_o the_o gate_n of_o florence_n and_o custom_n out_o of_o the_o dogana_n it_o be_v apparent_o know_v that_o the_o great_a duke_n let_v it_o out_o at_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o ducat_n the_o year_n at_o the_o least_o reckon_v withal_o of_o all_o other_o imposition_n one_o four_o part_n of_o that_o whole_a state_n which_o be_v probable_o suppose_v to_o be_v gather_v hereout_o there_o be_v pay_v also_o throughout_o the_o whole_a state_n eight_o â—n_n the_o hundred_o for_o marriage_n as_o if_o the_o woman_n portion_n be_v a_o thousand_o ducat_n the_o prince_n have_v thereout_o eighty_o the_o like_a proportion_n be_v pay_v for_o buy_v &_o sell_v of_o house_n or_o land_n but_o the_o let_n of_o house_n or_o land_n pay_v the_o ten_o for_o cattle_n buy_v and_o sell_v he_o have_v also_o a_o guiglio_n that_o be_v sixpence_n sterling_a in_o every_o two_o ducat_n and_o though_o the_o beast_n be_v buy_v and_o sell_v twice_o in_o one_o hour_n he_o have_v still_o after_o the_o same_o rate_n furthermore_o beside_o his_o imposition_n upon_o the_o bank_n he_o have_v at_o every_o alienation_n eight_o in_o the_o hundred_o that_o be_v when_o the_o father_n or_o possessor_n die_v the_o son_n or_o next_o heir_n pay_v after_o this_o rate_n for_o his_o patrimony_n leave_v he_o he_o have_v also_o a_o entrate_a out_o of_o the_o bordello_n stew_n bordello_n which_o be_v think_v at_o the_o least_o thirty_o thousand_o 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