Selected quad for the lemma: city_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
city_n	chief_a	great_a	province_n	3,890	4	8.0574	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A28496	Irelands naturall history being a true and ample description of its situation, greatness, shape, and nature, of its hills, woods, heaths, bogs, of its fruitfull parts, and profitable grounds : with the severall ways of manuring and improving the same : with its heads or promontories, harbours, roads, and bays, of its springs, and fountains, brooks, rivers, loghs, of its metalls, mineralls, free-stone, marble, sea-coal, turf, and other things that are taken out of the ground : and lastly of the nature and temperature of its air and season, and what diseases it is free from or subject unto : conducing to the advancement of navigation, husbandry, and other profitable arts and professions / written by Gerald Boate ; and now published by Samuell Hartlib for the common good of Ireland and more especially for the benefit of the adventurers and planters therein.	Boate, Gerard, 1604-1650.; Hartlib, Samuel, d. 1662.	1657 (1657)	Wing B3373; ESTC R27215	105,129	208

north_n to_o the_o south_n &_o then_o from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o west_n it_o run_v altogether_o slope_v from_o the_o north-east_n to_o the_o south-west_n and_o there_o beside_o it_o stretch_v itself_o much_o further_o into_o the_o sea_n with_o its_o western_a shore_n than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o ireland_n on_o the_o same_o westside_n as_o for_o the_o bigness_n thereof_o questionless_a it_o be_v to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o chief_a land_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o of_o europe_n the_o principale_a of_o all_o except_o only_a great-britain_n the_o which_o be_v more_o than_o twice_o as_o big_a for_o be_v as_o long_o again_o as_o it_o be_v broad_a it_o be_v at_o the_o narrow_a which_o be_v just_a in_o the_o middle_n where_o dublin_n be_v situate_v no_o less_o than_o a_o hundred_o mile_n broad_a see_v that_o atlone_a which_o lie_v just_o half_a way_n betwixt_o the_o two_o sea_n be_v fifty_o mile_n distant_a from_o dublin_n and_o in_o ulster_n where_o ireland_n be_v at_o its_o broad_a it_o be_v in_o most_o place_n ten_o or_o twelve_o and_o in_o some_o twenty_o mile_n broad_a in_o the_o length_n if_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o northern_a coast_n one_o do_v go_v direct_o southward_o one_o shall_v find_v it_o to_o be_v about_o two_o hundred_o mile_n but_o if_o you_o shape_v your_o course_n more_o to_o the_o east_n the_o length_n will_v be_v find_v less_o by_o some_o mile_n because_o the_o cost_n of_o munster_n run_v so_o slope_v as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o and_o to_o the_o contrary_a if_o one_o measure_v the_o length_n of_o ireland_n more_o to_o the_o west_n it_o will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o two_o hundred_o mile_n and_o if_o the_o measure_n be_v take_v not_o through_o the_o inland-part_n as_o now_o we_o have_v frame_v it_o but_o all_o along_o the_o seashore_n the_o length_n will_v amount_v to_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o what_o now_o we_o have_v declare_v as_o well_o on_o the_o east_n as_o on_o the_o west_n side_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o inequality_n of_o the_o coast_n and_o of_o the_o great_a bay_n and_o foreland_n which_o make_v it_o in_o most_o place_n very_o much_o run_v out_o to_o the_o seaward_o or_o into_o the_o landward_o for_o which_o same_o reason_n the_o circuit_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n take_v alongst_o the_o shore_n be_v by_o far_o great_a than_o otherwise_o the_o proportion_n of_o its_o length_n and_o breadth_n will_v seem_v to_o require_v the_o mile_n here_o mention_v must_v be_v understand_v not_o of_o the_o common_a english_a one_o three_o whereof_o make_v one_o league_n or_o holland_n mile_n but_o of_o the_o irish_a the_o which_o be_v about_o one_o five_o part_n big_a so_o as_o five_o irish_a mile_n do_v amount_v to_o about_o six_o english_a sect._n 4._o division_n of_o ireland_n into_o province_n and_o county_n this_o island_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o principal_a part_n call_v province_n viz._n ulster_n leinster_n connaught_n and_o munster_n of_o which_o the_o first_o and_o the_o last_o extend_v themselves_o from_o the_o one_o sea_n to_o the_o other_o ulster_n in_o the_o north_n and_o munster_n in_o the_o south_n leinster_n &_o connaught_n lie_v betwixt_o those_o two_o forename_a province_n have_v the_o sea_n only_o on_o one_o side_n connaught_n on_o the_o west_n and_o leinster_n on_o the_o east_n to_o these_o four_o most_o writer_n and_o record_n add_v a_o five_o called_z meath_z but_o that_o be_v real_o a_o part_n of_o leinster_n and_o ordinary_o now_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v such_o each_o of_o these_o province_n be_v again_o divide_v into_o divers_a county_n ulster_n have_v eleven_o whereof_o six_o on_o the_o seaside_n viz._n fermanagh_n doneghall_n alias_o tirconnel_n colraine_n antrim_n down_n lowth_n and_o five_o within_o the_o land_n viz._n cavan_n monaghan_n armahg_n nether-tirone_n &_o upper-tirone_n leinster_n comprehend_v likewise_o eleven_o county_n dublin_n wickloe_n and_o wexford_n on_o the_o seaside_n east-meath_a and_o catherlogh_n or_o carlo_n within_o the_o land_n but_o with_o a_o little_a nook_n reach_v unto_o the_o sea_n west-meath_a kildare_n kilkenny_n kings-county_n queenes-county_n and_o longford_n altogether_o within_o the_o land_n munster_n be_v divide_v into_o six_o county_n two_o within_o the_o land_n viz._n tipperary_n and_o limmerick_n and_o the_o other_o four_o waterford_n cork_n desmond_n and_o kerry_n situate_v on_o the_o seaside_n but_o stretch_v themselves_o a_o great_a way_n into_o the_o land_n in_o connaught_n there_o be_v six_o county_n viz._n clare_n alias_o tomond_n galloway_n majo_n and_o sleigo_fw-es situate_v on_o the_o sea_n and_o roscomen_fw-mi and_o letcim_fw-la within_o the_o land_n sect._n 5._o of_o the_o english_a pale_a there_o be_v yet_o another_o division_n of_o ireland_n whereby_o the_o whole_a land_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o english_a pale_a and_o the_o land_n of_o the_o mere_a irish._n the_o english_a pale_a comprehend_v only_o four_o county_n one_o whereof_o be_v in_o ulster_n viz._n louth_n and_o the_o other_o three_o in_o leinster_n to_o wit_n meath_z dublin_n and_o kildare_n the_o original_a of_o which_o division_n be_v this_o the_o english_a at_o the_o first_o conquest_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o have_v within_o a_o little_a time_n conquer_v great_a part_n of_o ireland_n do_v afterward_o in_o the_o space_n of_o not_o very_o many_o year_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o almost_o all_o the_o rest_n have_v expel_v the_o native_n call_v the_o wild_a irish_a because_o that_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o wildness_n they_o may_v be_v compare_v with_o the_o most_o barbarous_a nation_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o the_o desert_a wood_n and_o mountain_n but_o afterward_o be_v fall_v at_o odds_n among_o themselves_o and_o make_v several_a great_a war_n the_o one_o upon_o the_o other_o the_o irish_a thereby_o get_v the_o opportunity_n to_o recover_v now_o this_o and_o then_o that_o part_n of_o the_o land_n whereby_o and_o through_o the_o degenerate_v of_o a_o great_a many_o from_o time_n to_o time_n who_o join_v themselves_o with_o the_o irish_a take_v upon_o they_o their_o wild_a fashion_n and_o their_o language_n the_o english_a in_o length_n of_o time_n come_v to_o be_v so_o much_o weaken_v that_o at_o last_o nothing_o remain_v to_o they_o of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n worth_a the_o speak_n of_o but_o the_o great_a city_n and_o the_o forename_a four_o county_n to_o who_o the_o name_n of_o pale_a be_v give_v because_o that_o the_o authority_n and_o government_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o english_a colony_n or_o plantation_n which_o before_o have_v be_v spread_v over_o the_o whole_a land_n now_o be_v reduce_v to_o so_o small_a a_o compass_n and_o as_o it_o be_v empale_v within_o the_o same_o and_o although_o since_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o present_a age_n and_o since_o king_n jame_v his_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o whole_a island_n be_v reduce_v under_o the_o obedience_n and_o government_n of_o the_o english_a law_n and_o replenish_v with_o english_a and_o scotch_a colony_n nevertheless_o the_o name_n of_o english_a pale_a which_o in_o the_o old_a signification_n be_v now_o out_o of_o season_n remain_v in_o use_n and_o be_v so_o still_o even_o since_o this_o last_o bloody_a rebellion_n wherein_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o almost_o all_o the_o pale_a although_o all_o of_o they_o of_o english_a descent_n have_v conspire_v with_o the_o native_a irish_a for_o to_o shake_v off_o the_o government_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o utter_o to_o extinguish_v the_o reform_a religion_n with_o all_o the_o professor_n thereof_o and_o quite_o to_o root_v they_o out_o of_o ireland_n sect._n 6._o city_n and_o chief_a town_n of_o ireland_n this_o island_n have_v in_o it_o several_a city_n among_o which_o dublin_n be_v the_o principal_a be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o governor_n the_o counsel_n of_o state_n all_o the_o great_a officer_n the_o exchequer_n judge_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v also_o adorn_v with_o a_o university_n the_o only_a in_o all_o ireland_n it_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o province_n of_o leinster_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o length_n of_o ireland_n as_o already_o have_v be_v mention_v not_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n a_o inlet_n whereof_o make_v a_o harbour_n for_o this_o city_n which_o harbour_n although_o none_o of_o the_o best_a of_o ireland_n whereof_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n but_o one_o shall_v be_v speak_v more_o at_o large_a be_v nevertheless_o frequent_v with_o more_o ship_n and_o have_v great_a importation_n of_o all_o thing_n than_o any_o other_o haven_n in_o the_o kingdom_n by_o reason_n that_o all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n be_v much_o more_o ready_o &_o in_o great_a plenty_n vent_v here_o than_o any_o where_o else_o what_o in_o the_o city_n

itself_o be_v great_a and_o populous_a what_o into_o the_o country_n for_o in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n almost_o all_o leinster_n and_o and_o ulster_n be_v wont_a to_o furnish_v themselves_o from_o dublin_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o provision_n and_o necessary_n such_o as_o be_v bring_v in_o out_o of_o foreign_a country_n next_o to_o dublin_n be_v galloway_n the_o head-citie_n of_o the_o province_n of_o connaught_n to_o be_v reckon_v as_o well_o for_o bigness_n and_o faireness_n as_o for_o riches_n for_o the_o street_n be_v wide_a and_o handsome_o order_v the_o house_n for_o the_o most_o part_n build_v of_o free_a stone_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n much_o addict_v to_o traffic_n do_v great_o trade_v into_o other_o country_n especial_o into_o spain_n from_o whence_o they_o use_v to_o fetch_v great_a store_n of_o wine_n and_o other_o wa●es_v every_o year_n in_o the_o three_o place_n come_v waterford_n situate_v in_o the_o province_n of_o munster_n and_o in_o the_o four_o limmerick_n the_o head-city_n of_o the_o say_a province_n both_o town_n of_o traffic_n situate_v on_o goodly_a haven_n and_o of_o reasonable_a bigness_n and_o handsomeness_n cork_n in_o the_o province_n of_o munster_n and_o london-derrie_a in_o the_o province_n of_o ulster_n be_v less_o than_o any_o of_o the_o formentioned_a but_o otherwise_o handsome_a place_n well_o build_v &_o very_o fit_o situate_v for_o traffic_n and_o navigation_n as_o stand_v upon_o very_o good_a havens_n as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o town_n drogheda_n kilkenny_n and_o bandonbridge_n be_v passable_a and_o worthy_a of_o some_o regard_n both_o for_o bigness_n and_o handsomeness_n but_o colrain_n knockfergus_n belfast_n dundalk_v wexford_n youghall_n and_o kinsale_n be_v of_o small_a moment_n the_o best_a of_o all_o these_o be_v hardly_o comparable_a to_o any_o of_o those_o fair_a market-town_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o almost_o all_o part_n of_o england_n and_o as_o for_o cassel_n rosse_n lismore_n clonmell_n and_o kilmallock_n in_o munster_n sleigo_fw-es and_o atlone_o in_o connaught_n molingar_fw-la trim_v kels_n navan_n aboy_n nace_n carlo_n arklo_n and_o wicklo_n in_o leinster_n carlingford_n ardee_n and_o down_o in_o ulster_n all_o of_o they_o wall_a town_n they_o be_v scarce_o worth_a the_o mention_v because_o there_o be_v few_o market_n town_n in_o england_n even_o of_o the_o mean_a which_o be_v not_o as_o good_a or_o better_a than_o the_o best_a of_o they_o all_o we_o can_v give_v a_o more_o perfect_a relation_n of_o this_o particular_a but_o because_o this_o serve_v little_a to_o our_o purpose_n and_o proper_o do_v not_o concern_v the_o natural_a history_n we_o have_v think_v it_o best_a to_o touch_v it_o but_o brief_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o principal_a havens_n of_o ireland_n sect._n 1_o waterford_n haven_n the_o havens_n of_o ireland_n be_v so_o many_o in_o number_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o fair_a and_o large_a that_o in_o this_o particular_a hardly_o any_o land_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n may_v be_v compare_v with_o this_o as_o will_v easy_o appear_v by_o the_o particular_a rehearsal_n thereof_o which_o we_o be_v now_o to_o make_v first_o of_o the_o best_a and_o chief_a in_o this_o chapter_n and_o of_o the_o other_o in_o the_o next_o we_o shall_v begin_v with_o waterford_n haven_n the_o which_o be_v situate_v on_o the_o confine_n of_o leinster_n and_o munster_n run_v some_o seven_o or_o eight_o mile_n into_o the_o land_n not_o wind_v or_o crooked_a nor_o with_o any_o great_a nook_n or_o inlet_n but_o almost_o in_o a_o straight_a line_n extend_v in_o itself_o north_n and_o north_n by_o west_n and_o in_o most_o part_n of_o a_o equal_a breadth_n all_o the_o way_n deep_a and_o clear_a have_v no_o rok_n or_o sand_n but_o only_o two_o or_o three_o little_a one_o which_o lie_v not_o across_o nor_o in_o the_o midst_n but_o by_o the_o side_n may_v be_v shun_v very_o easy_o without_o the_o harbour_n it_o be_v eleven_o and_o twelve_o fathom_n deep_a in_o the_o mouth_n seven_o and_o more_o inward_o six_o fathom_n within_o the_o easterly_a corner_n be_v a_o good_a road_n in_o four_o or_o five_o fathom_n and_o on_o the_o other_o or_o westerly_a side_n five_o or_o six_o mile_n from_o the_o mouth_n be_v another_o good_a road_n very_o commodious_a as_o well_o for_o they_o who_o go_v forth_o as_o those_o that_o will_v sail_v upward_o to_o waterford_n upon_o the_o east-side_n about_o halfway_n the_o length_n lie_v a_o very_a strong_a castle_n call_v duncannon_n which_o so_o command_v this_o harbour_n as_o no_o ship_n can_v go_v up_o or_o down_o against_o the_o will_n of_o those_o in_o the_o fort_n without_o run_v extreme_a hazard_n this_o haven_n in_o the_o end_n divide_v itself_o into_o two_o arm_n both_o a_o great_a deal_n inferior_a to_o the_o principal_a harbour_n in_o breath_n and_o depth_n but_o yet_o such_o as_o be_v capable_a of_o ship_n of_o a_o good_a big_a port_n especial_o the_o left_a which_o run_v westward_o to_o the_o city_n of_o waterford_n whereof_o this_o whole_a haven_n bear_v the_o name_n be_v situate_v some_o four_o or_o five_o mile_n from_o that_o division_n and_o a_o little_a below_o the_o place_n where_o the_o river_n sure_a fall_v into_o this_o harbour_n the_o right_a arm_n be_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n barrow_n and_o extend_v itself_o straight_o along_o go_v up_o to_o ross_n a_o town_n in_o former_a time_n famous_a for_o trade_n the_o which_o be_v much_o about_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o this_o division_n as_o the_o division_n be_v from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o harbour_n sect._n 2._o carlingford_n haven_n on_o the_o whole_a coast_n of_o leinster_n there_o be_v not_o one_o fair_a large_a harbour_n so_o as_o the_o next_o good_a haven_n from_o waterford_n northwards_o be_v that_o of_o carlingford_n which_o two_o harbour_n in_o sail_v straight_o along_o the_o coast_n be_v above_o a_o hundred_o mill_n distant_a this_o haven_n be_v some_o three_o or_o four_o mile_n long_o and_o nigh_o of_o the_o same_o breath_n be_v every_o where_o very_o deep_a so_o as_o the_o big_a ship_n may_v come_v there_o to_o a_o anchor_n and_o so_o environ_v with_o high_a land_n and_o mountain_n on_o all_o side_n that_o the_o ship_n do_v lie_v defend_v off_o all_o wind_n so_o that_o this_o will_v be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a haven_n of_o the_o world_n if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o the_o difficulty_n and_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o entrance_n the_o mouth_n be_v full_a of_o rock_n both_o blind_a one_o and_o other_o betwixt_o which_o the_o passage_n be_v very_o narrow_a whereby_o it_o come_v that_o this_o harbour_n be_v very_o little_o frequent_v by_o any_o great_a ship_n the_o rather_o because_o there_o be_v no_o traffic_n at_o all_o nor_o any_o good_a town_n seat_v on_o this_o haven_n for_o the_o town_n of_o carlingford_n who_o name_n it_o bear_v be_v a_o very_a poor_a place_n hardly_o worth_a the_o speak_n of_o about_o eight_o mile_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o harbour_n be_v the_o nurie_n a_o fine_a little_a town_n until_o in_o this_o late_a bloody_a rebellion_n it_o be_v for_o the_o great_a part_n destroy_v by_o the_o irish_a by_o which_o town_n pass_v a_o little_a river_n call_v the_o nurie-water_n which_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o harbour_n some_o four_o or_o five_o mile_n below_o the_o nurie_n be_v not_o portable_a but_o of_o very_o little_a bark_n and_o boat_n and_o that_o only_o when_o the_o tide_n be_v in_o sect._n 3_o strangford-haven_n and_o that_o of_o knockfergus_n about_o thirty_o mile_n northwards_o from_o carlingford-haven_n be_v the_o haven_n of_o strangford_n the_o which_o in_o its_o entrance_n be_v almost_o as_o much_o encumber_a with_o rock_n of_o both_o kind_n as_o that_o of_o carlingford_n it_o be_v some_o five_o or_o six_o mile_n long_o and_o bear_v northwestward_a be_v the_o mouth_n of_o a_o great_a lough_n call_v loch_n cone_n the_o which_o be_v but_o two_o or_o three_o mile_n broad_a in_o the_o most_o place_n but_o some_o fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o long_a do_v ebb_n &_o flow_v until_o the_o utmost_a end_n of_o it_o so_o that_o there_o go_v a_o very_a strong_a tide_n in_o this_o harbour_n which_o make_v the_o same_o the_o unsafer_n especial_o in_o great_a storm_n and_o high_a wind_n for_o which_o there_o be_v no_o great_a defence_n here_o on_o this_o haven_n and_o on_o the_o neighbour_a lough_n there_o lie_v never_o a_o good_a town_n strangford_n be_v more_o inconsiderable_a yet_o than_o carlingford_n the_o next_o great_a harbour_n upon_o this_o coast_n and_o about_o twenty_o mile_n more_o to_o the_o north_n be_v that_o of_o knocfergus_fw-la be_v a_o great_a wide_a bay_n the_o which_o in_o its_o mouth_n betwixt_o the_o southern_a &_o the_o northern_a point_n be_v no_o less_o than_o ten_o or_o twelve_o mile_n broad_a grow_v narrow_a by_o degree_n the_o far_a it_o go_v

my_o brother_n and_o other_o be_v this_o the_o lagon_n a_o little_a river_n or_o brook_n which_o pass_v by_o the_o town_n of_o dremore_n upon_o a_o certain_a time_n be_v great_o rise_v through_o a_o great_a and_o last_a rain_n and_o have_v carry_v away_o the_o woodden-bridge_n whereby_o the_o same_o use_v to_o be_v pass_v at_o that_o town_n a_o country_n fellow_n who_o be_v travel_v that_o way_n have_v stay_v three_o day_n in_o hope_n that_o the_o water_n will_v fall_v and_o see_v that_o the_o rain_n continue_v grow_v impatient_a of_o stay_v long_o and_o resolve_v to_o pass_v the_o brook_n whatever_o the_o danger_n be_v but_o to_o do_v it_o with_o the_o less_o peril_n and_o the_o more_o steadiness_n he_o take_v a_o great_a heavy_a stone_n upon_o his_o shoulder_n who_o weight_n give_v he_o some_o firmness_n against_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o water_n he_o pass_v the_o same_o without_o harm_n and_o come_v safe_a to_o the_o other_o side_n to_o the_o wonderment_n of_o many_o people_n who_o have_v be_v look_v on_o and_o give_v he_o all_o for_o a_o lose_a person_n sect._n 7._o of_o the_o brook_n of_o dromconran_n and_o rafernam_fw-la by_o dublin_n of_o these_o dangerous_a brook_n there_o be_v two_o hard_a by_o dublin_n both_o run_v into_o the_o haven_n somewhat_o more_o than_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n the_o one_o at_o the_o north-side_n thereof_o a_o little_a below_o the_o village_n dromconran_n which_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o highway_n from_o dublin_n to_o drogheda_n and_o the_o other_o at_o the_o southside_n close_o by_o the_o rings-end_n this_o call_v rafernam-water_n of_o the_o village_n by_o which_o it_o pass_v two_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o dublin_n be_v far_o the_o worst_a of_o the_o two_o as_o take_v its_o beginning_n out_o of_o those_o great_a mountain_n southward_o from_o dublin_n from_o whence_o after_o any_o great_a rain_n such_o abundance_n of_o water_n be_v descend_v to_o it_o that_o the_o same_o which_o at_o other_o time_n be_v of_o very_o little_a depth_n grow_v thereby_o so_o deep_a and_o exceed_v violent_a that_o many_o person_n have_v lose_v their_o life_n therein_o among_o other_o mr._n john_n usher_n father_n to_o sir_n william_n usher_n that_o now_o be_v who_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o current_n no_o body_n be_v able_a to_o succour_v he_o although_o many_o person_n and_o of_o his_o near_a friend_n both_o afoot_a and_o horseback_n be_v by_o on_o both_o the_o side_n since_o that_o time_n a_o stone_n bridge_n have_v be_v build_v over_o that_o brook_n as_o over_o dromconran-water_n there_o have_v be_v one_o from_o ancient_a time_n upon_o the_o way_n betwixt_o dublin_n and_o rings-end_n which_o be_v hardly_o well_o accomplish_v when_o the_o brook_n in_o one_o of_o those_o furious_a rise_n quite_o alter_v its_o channel_n for_o a_o good_a way_n so_o as_o it_o do_v not_o pass_v under_o the_o bridge_n as_o before_o but_o just_a before_o the_o foot_n of_o it_o let_v the_o same_o stand_v upon_o the_o dry_a land_n and_o consequent_o make_v it_o altogether_o useless_a in_o which_o perverse_a course_n it_o continue_v until_o perforce_o it_o be_v constrain_v to_o return_v to_o its_o old_a channel_n and_o to_o keep_v within_o the_o same_o to_o go_v from_o dublin_n to_o rafernam_fw-la one_o pass_v this_o river_n upon_o a_o woodden-bridge_n the_o which_o although_o it_o be_v high_a and_o strong_a nevertheless_o have_v several_a time_n be_v quite_o break_v and_o carry_v away_o through_o the_o violence_n of_o sudden_a flood_n although_o at_o other_o time_n and_o when_o that_o brook_n do_v only_o carry_v its_o ordinary_a water_n a_o child_n of_o five_o year_n may_v easy_o and_o without_o danger_n wade_v through_o it_o and_o a_o tall_a man_n on_o horseback_n ride_v underneath_o it_o not_o be_v able_a to_o reach_v it_o in_o the_o great_a flood_n the_o water_n many_o time_n rise_v so_o high_a as_o that_o it_o do_v not_o only_o touch_v but_o flow_v quite_o over_o the_o bridge_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o river_n of_o ireland_n sect._n 1_o of_o the_o shanon_n beside_o the_o excessive_a number_n of_o brook_n wherewith_o ireland_n be_v water_v it_o have_v a_o good_a many_o river_n the_o which_o being_n broad_a and_o deep_a than_o the_o brook_n be_v consequent_o navigable_a although_o the_o major_a part_n be_v not_o portable_a of_o any_o great_a ship_n nor_o bark_n but_o only_o of_o small_a vessel_n and_o boat_n the_o princpal_a of_o all_o be_v the_o shanon_n who_o take_v his_o original_n out_o of_o lough-allen_n and_o in_o his_o course_n divide_v the_o province_n of_o connaught_n from_o leinster_n and_o afterward_o also_o from_o munster_n pass_v through_o two_o other_o great_a lough_n to_o wit_n lough-ree_n whereout_o she_o come_v just_a above_o atlone_a a_o mean_a market-town_n but_o adorn_v with_o a_o stately_a and_o strong_a castle_n the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o precedent_n of_o connaught_n and_o lough-dergh_a about_o half_a way_n betwixt_o atlone_a and_o limmerick_n and_o a_o little_a below_o the_o say_a town_n she_o discharge_v herself_o again_o into_o another_o lough_n by_o far_o the_o big_a of_o all_o the_o which_o extend_v itself_o from_o limmerick_n unto_o the_o sea_n and_o above_o fifty_o mile_n long_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o irish_a as_o well_o as_o the_o english_a not_o for_o a_o lough_n but_o for_o the_o shanon_n itself_o and_o consequent_o call_v with_o that_o name_n whereof_o have_v be_v speak_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n this_o river_n be_v wide_a and_o deep_a every_o where_o so_o as_o she_o will_v be_v navigable_a in_o her_o whole_a length_n not_o only_o with_o boat_n of_o all_o sort_n but_o with_o reasonable_a big_a ship_n to_o the_o great_a commodity_n of_o they_o that_o inhabit_v near_o it_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o impediment_n of_o a_o certain_a rock_n some_o six_o mile_n above_o limmerick_n the_o which_o stand_v across_o in_o the_o channel_n and_o the_o river_n with_o great_a violence_n fall_v downward_o over_o it_o all_o communication_n of_o navigation_n betwixt_o the_o upper_a and_o the_o low_a part_n of_o it_o be_v thereby_o absolute_o hinder_v sir_n thomas_n wentworth_n lord_n wentworth_n and_o afterward_o earl_n of_o strafford_n he_o that_o in_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n be_v behead_v have_v be_v governor_n of_o ireland_n many_o year_n first_o in_o the_o quality_n of_o lord_n deputy_n and_o afterward_o of_o lord_n lieutenant_n have_v a_o design_n to_o take_v away_o that_o let_v in_o cause_v of_o a_o new_a channel_n to_o be_v dig_v for_o a_o little_a way_n whereby_o the_o river_n be_v make_v to_o alter_v her_o course_n shall_v have_v avoid_v that_o rock_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n send_v certain_a skilful_a man_n thither_o to_o view_v those_o part_n and_o careful_o to_o examine_v whether_o it_o be_v feasible_a who_o make_v report_n that_o it_o may_v be_v do_v and_o will_v not_o cost_v above_o seven_o or_o eight_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a a_o sum_n not_o very_o considerable_a in_o comparison_n of_o the_o great_a profit_n which_o afterward_o will_v have_v be_v reap_v from_o that_o work_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v never_o take_v in_o hand_n the_o intent_n of_o public_a utility_n have_v be_v divert_v and_o smother_v by_o those_o of_o private_a profit_n as_o common_o it_o fall_v out_o sect._n 2._o the_o river_n suck_v sure_a our_o broad-water_n barrow_n and_o slay_v there_o be_v several_a other_o river_n in_o the_o province_n of_o connaught_n but_o none_o of_o they_o be_v any_o way_n comparable_a with_o the_o shanon_n for_o length_n breadth_n or_o depth_n and_o little_a to_o be_v say_v of_o they_o but_o that_o the_o suck_v the_o which_o fall_v into_o the_o shanon_n a_o little_a way_n below_o atlone_o be_v the_o princpal_a of_o all_o the_o two_o chief_a river_n of_o munster_n be_v sure_a and_o broad-water_n the_o city_n of_o waterford_n be_v situate_v upon_o the_o first_o of_o those_o two_o the_o which_o close_o by_o it_o discharge_v herself_o into_o that_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o waterford-haven_n the_o other_o pass_v by_o lismore_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n by_o youghall_n where_o it_o make_v a_o tide-haven_n next_o to_o those_o two_o be_v the_o river_n of_o cork_n and_o then_o that_o of_o kinsale_n the_o which_o be_v but_o of_o small_a moment_n as_o also_o be_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o river_n of_o this_o province_n in_o leinster_n be_v the_o nure_n or_o our_o the_o barrow_n the_o slay_a the_o liffie_a and_o the_o boine_n beside_o some_o other_o of_o less_o moment_n the_o our_a and_o barrow_n do_v mingle_v their_o water_n at_o the_o town_n of_o ross_n from_o whence_o have_v past_o a_o little_a way_n together_o they_o discharge_v themselves_o into_o the_o right_a arm_n of_o the_o haven_n of_o waterford_n and_o

so_o in_o a_o manner_n do_v meet_v the_o sure_a who_o fall_v into_o the_o other_o arm_n for_o which_o consideration_n these_o three_o river_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v call_v the_o three_o sister_n as_o giraldus_n witness_v both_o the_o our_o and_o the_o barrow_n be_v portable_a many_o mile_n into_o the_o country_n the_o our_o only_o with_o little_a boat_n and_o with_o cot_n they_o call_v in_o ireland_n cot_n thing_n like_o boat_n but_o very_o unshape_o be_v nothing_o but_o square_a piece_n of_o timber_n make_v hollow_a but_o the_o barrow_n with_o good_a big_a bo_n the_o slay_a fall_v into_o the_o haven_n of_o wexford_n be_v like_a unto_o the_o our_o for_o length_n and_o bigness_n sect._n 3_o of_o the_o liffie_a and_o the_o boine_n the_o liffie_a be_v the_o princess_n of_o the_o irish-river_n not_o for_o her_o bigness_n for_o not_o only_o the_o shanon_n but_o the_o boine_n barrow_n and_o several_a other_o do_v far_o surpass_v she_o therein_o but_o because_o dublin_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o all_o ireland_n be_v seat_v upon_o her_o bank_n a_o mile_n below_o which_o city_n at_o a_o place_n call_v rings-end_n she_o lose_v herself_o in_o a_o bay_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v call_v dublin-haven_n with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o flood_n ship_n of_o fifty_o and_o threescore_o tun_n can_v make_v a_o shift_n to_o come_v up_o to_o the_o key_n of_o dublin_n but_o when_o the_o tide_n be_v out_o and_o at_o the_o low_a the_o small_a boat_n find_v hardly_o water_n enough_o to_o go_v between_o dublin_n and_o rings-end_n because_o the_o channel_n be_v very_o broad_a there_o the_o water_n spread_v itself_o too_o much_o and_o by_o reason_n thereof_o grow_v very_o shallow_a but_o in_o the_o city_n itself_o where_o she_o be_v enclose_v betwixt_o the_o key_n on_o both_o side_n and_o from_o the_o bridge_n of_o dublin_n until_o the_o bridge_n of_o kilmanan_n and_o a_o little_a further_o be_v somewhat_o more_o than_o a_o mile_n in_o which_o space_n she_o run_v between_o she_o own_o bank_n great_a boat_n may_v go_v upon_o she_o at_o any_o time_n she_o will_v be_v navigable_a with_o boat_n some_o three_o or_o four_o mile_n further_o but_o the_o wear_v make_v in_o she_o a_o little_a way_n above_o the_o bridge_n of_o kilmanan_n do_v hinder_v that_o this_o river_n take_v her_o beginning_n in_o the_o mountain_n lie_v to_o the_o south_n of_o dublin_n not_o above_o ten_o mile_n from_o it_o but_o fetch_v such_o a_o compass_n bend_v her_o coast_n first_o to_o the_o west_n afterward_o to_o the_o north_n and_o last_o for_o seven_o or_o eight_o mile_n eastward_o that_o from_o her_o original_n to_o her_o mouth_n be_v the_o space_n of_o no_o less_o than_o forty_o or_o fifty_o mile_n the_o boine_n the_o river_n where-on_a tredagh_n be_v seat_v have_v her_o beginning_n in_o king_n county_n close_o by_o the_o original_n of_o the_o barrow_n although_o the_o place_n where_o the_o barrow_n fall_v into_o the_o haven_n of_o waterford_n be_v above_o fourscore_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o boine_n this_o river_n be_v almost_o of_o a_o equal_a bigness_n in_o far_o the_o great_a part_n of_o her_o course_n and_o will_v be_v portable_a of_o good_a big_a boat_n very_o many_o mile_n into_o the_o land_n if_o that_o be_v not_o hinder_v by_o the_o wear_v sect._n 4._o of_o the_o band_n and_o blackwater_n the_o principal_a river_n in_o ulster_n of_o those_o that_o fall_v direct_o into_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o band_n the_o which_o as_o in_o her_o mouth_n she_o be_v encumber_v with_o several_a inconvenient_n as_o we_o have_v declare_v above_o in_o the_o three_o chapter_n so_o she_o be_v portable_a but_o a_o few_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n because_o of_o a_o certain_a rock_n the_o which_o run_v across_o the_o channel_n from_o the_o one_o bank_n to_o the_o other_o stop_v all_o manner_n of_o passage_n not_o only_o of_o big_a vessel_n and_o bark_n but_o of_o the_o small_a boat_n which_o dare_v not_o come_v near_o the_o same_o rock_n because_o it_o be_v somewhat_o high_a and_o the_o water_n from_o it_o fall_v downward_o with_o great_a violence_n it_o go_v for_o some_o space_n with_o a_o mighty_a current_n this_o rock_n or_o cataract_n call_v vulgar_o the_o salmon-leap_a for_o a_o reason_n hereafter_o to_o be_v declare_v and_o the_o fall_v because_o of_o the_o fall_n down_o of_o the_o water_n be_v not_o above_o four_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n hinder_v all_o manner_n of_o communication_n between_o the_o same_o and_o lough_n neaugh_n from_o the_o which_o this_o cataract_n be_v distant_a about_o three_o mile_n whereas_o otherwise_o if_o the_o passage_n of_o this_o river_n from_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o lough_n be_v open_a ship_n may_v by_o that_o mean_n go_v a_o great_a way_n into_o the_o land_n not_o only_o the_o whole_a length_n and_o breadth_n of_o lough_n neaugh_n which_o every_o where_o be_v very_o deep_a and_o navigable_a even_o for_o great_a ship_n but_o even_o a_o good_a many_o mile_n far_o with_o good_a big_a boat_n by_o mean_n of_o some_o river_n that_o fall_v into_o it_o especial_o the_o blackwater_n which_o be_v the_o princpal_a of_o they_o all_o for_o the_o band_n although_o she_o give_v the_o name_n to_o the_o river_n go_v out_o of_o the_o lough_n be_v not_o comparable_a to_o the_o blackwater_n for_o breadth_n nor_o depth_n be_v rather_o a_o brook_n than_o a_o river_n the_o which_o be_v very_o shallow_a at_o other_o time_n do_v rise_v so_o excessive_o upon_o the_o fall_n of_o much_o rain_n that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o dangerous_a and_o terrible_a brook_n of_o all_o ireland_n in_o the_o which_o therefore_o from_o time_n to_o time_n many_o man_n and_o horse_n have_v be_v drown_v at_o the_o pass_n of_o it_o sect._n 5._o of_o the_o lagon_n and_o nury-water_n tide-river_n beside_o the_o band_n and_o the_o blackwater_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o other_o river_n in_o ulster_n but_o that_o which_o pass_v by_o strebane_a and_o london-derrie_a discharge_v itself_o into_o loughfoile_n for_o the_o lagon_n heretofore_o mention_v by_o we_o which_o by_o belfast_n fall_v into_o the_o sea_n the_o nury-water_n whereof_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o description_n of_o carlingford-haven_n and_o some_o other_o of_o that_o nature_n be_v proper_o brook_v and_o not_o portable_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o own_o water_n but_o of_o that_o which_o out_o of_o the_o sea_n flow_v into_o they_o as_o appear_z clear_o when_o the_o tide_n be_v out_o for_o than_o they_o be_v as_o small_a and_o as_o little_a portable_a in_o those_o place_n where_o the_o boat_n and_o big_a vessel_n do_v pass_v at_o high_a water_n as_o be_v they_o at_o all_o time_n in_o those_o place_n unto_o which_o the_o tide_n do_v never_o reach_v which_o kind_n of_o tide-river_n or_o brook_n which_o only_o by_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o tide_n be_v make_v navigable_a for_o a_o little_a way_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o all_o the_o province_n of_o ireland_n sect._n 6._o of_o the_o cataract_n in_o the_o irish_a river_n beside_o that_o the_o navigable_a river_n be_v but_o rare_a in_o ireland_n and_o that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o be_v only_o portable_a of_o very_o small_a vessel_n and_o boat_n not_o of_o any_o big_a ship_n or_o bark_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o former_a relation_n there_o be_v very_o few_o river_n who_o have_v not_o some_o impediment_n or_o other_o in_o they_o whereby_o it_o come_v that_o they_o be_v not_o portable_a so_o far_o as_o otherwise_o they_o will_v be_v these_o impediment_n be_v chief_o three_o in_o number_n cataract_n wear_v and_o foard_n whereof_o the_o last_o two_o do_v only_o concern_v the_o lesser_a river_n the_o first_o to_o wit_v the_o cataract_n be_v incident_a to_o the_o great_a river_n as_o well_o as_o to_o other_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o what_o we_o have_v say_v concern_v they_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o shanon_n and_o the_o band_n whereby_o also_o full_o may_v be_v conceive_v the_o manner_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o say_a cataract_n so_o as_o it_o be_v needless_a here_o again_o to_o delineate_v they_o such_o a_o cataract_n or_o fall_v there_o be_v find_v in_o the_o liffie_a seven_o mile_n from_o dublin_n and_o about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n above_o the_o village_n and_o castle_n of_o leslip_n the_o description_n of_o which_o as_o hold_v it_o not_o improper_a for_o this_o place_n we_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o as_o it_o come_v to_o our_o hand_n from_o those_o who_o have_v observe_v it_o very_o exact_o the_o say_a river_n run_v there_o about_o along_o a_o narrow_a and_o deep_a valley_n be_v hem_v in_o at_o both_o side_n with_o high_a hill_n of_o a_o long_a continuance_n have_v a_o very_a rocky_a channel_n and_o beside_o that_o the_o bottom_n be_v overspread_v in_o several_a part_n with_o