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A64548 An historical and geographical account of the province and country of Pensilvania, and of the West-New-Jersey in America ... with a map of both countries / by Gabriel Thomas ... Thomas, Gabriel.; Thomas, Gabriel. Historical description of the province ... of West-New Jersey. 1698 (1698) Wing T964; ESTC R2921 24,884 114

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An Historical and Geographical Account OF THE PROVINCE and COUNTRY OF PENSILVANIA AND OF West-New-Jersey IN AMERICA The Richness of the Soil the Sweetness of the Situation the Wholesomness of the Air the Navigable Rivers and others the prodigious Encrease of Corn the flourishing Condition of the City of Philadelphia with the stately Buildings and other Improvements there The strange Creatures as Birds Beasts Fishes and Fowls with the several sorts of Minerals Purging Waters and Stones lately discovered The Natives Aborogines their Language Religion Laws and Customs The first Planters the Dutch Sweeds and English with the number of its Inhabitants As also a Touch upon George Keith's New Religion in his second Change since he left the QUAKERS With a Map of both Countries By GABRIEL THOMAS who resided there about Fifteen Years London Printed for and Sold by A. Baldwin at the Oxon Arms in Warwick-Lane 1698. THE DEDICATION Friend William Penn I Here present Thee with a succinct yet compleat Account of the late Improvement and Present State of the Noble Province and Fertile Countrey of Pensilvania with the strange things that have been found there as the Salamander-Stone and several others mentioned in this Treatise discovered since thou camest out of those Parts I desire Thee to excuse me for addressing to Thee such a Plain and Peasant-like Piece yet however homely or coarse it may appear Thou wilt find here a true and genuine Description of that once obscure tho' now glorious Place So considering how generous and candid a Man Thou art I know thou wilt bear with my weak and imperfect Performance and accept of my good Meaning and kind Intention which may encourage me in time to come to add some more Memoirs to this rough Essay of mine Being unwilling to tire Thee with any long or tedious Epistle I take my Leave of Thee Most Noble and Excellent Governor and am Thy hearty Well-wisher ever ready to serve Thee on all Occasions in the way of Truth Gabriel Thomas THE PREFACE Reader THere never having been any fair or full Account given to the World of Pensilvania I thought the Curious wou'd be gratified with an ample Description thereof For tho' this Country has made little Noise in Story or taken up but small room in Maps yet thus much with great Justice may be said of it that notwithstanding the Difficulties and Inconveniencie● the First English Collonies met with before they were well settled there yet the mighty Improvements Additions and Advantages that have been made lately there are well worth Communicating to the Publick and I am sensible they will be well receiv'd The late Tedious Hazardous and Expensive War in which England in Conjunction with the Allies was so deeply engag'd was without doubt no small Bar or Obstacle to the Flourishing of this New Country The great Discouragements the Traders thither lay under together with the frequent Capture of their Ships out and home cou'd not chuse but baulk them in their honest Endeavours which now Peace is restor'd they may pursue with greater Security and Satisfaction Nor is there the least question or doubt to be made but this Noble Spot of Earth will thrive exceedingly and that in a short time too and advance considerably to the mighty Advantage of the Present and Future Propietors who have and are willing to give all due Encouragement to any that shall Transport themselves thither I cou'd say much here in Praise of that sweet Tract of Land but having spoken so largely and particularly thereof in the Book it self I shall forbear the least mention in this place Nor will I Anticipate or forestal thee by presenting thee here with what thou wilt find there with the greater Satisfaction And so I bid thee heartily farewel Gab. Thomas PENNSYLVANIA and WEST JERS●● THE HISTORY OF Pensilvania c. PEnsilvania lies between the Latitude of Forty and Forty five Degrees West-Jersey on the East Virginia on the West Mary-Land South and Canada on the North. In Length three hundred and in Breadth one hundred and eighty Miles The Natives or first Inhabitants of this Country in their Original are suppos'd by most People to have been of the Ten Scattered Tribes for they resemble the Jews very much in the Make of their Persons and Tincture of their Complexions They observe New Moons they offer their first Fruits to a Maneto or suppos'd Deity whereof they have two one as they fansie above good another below bad and have a kind of Feast of Tabernacles laying their Altars upon Twelve Stones observe a sort of Mourning twelve Months Customs of Women and many other Rites to be toucht here rather than dwelt upon because they shall be handled more at large at the latter end of this Treatise They are very Charitable to one another the Lame and the Blind amongst them living as well as the best they are also very kind and obliging to the Christians The next that came there were the Dutch who call'd the Country New Neitherland between Fifty and Sixty Years ago and were the first Planters in those Parts but they made little or no Improvement applying themselves wholly to Trafique in Skins and Furs which the Indians or Natives furnish'd them with and which they Barter'd for Rum Strong Liquors and Sugar with others thereby gaining great Profit till near the time of the Wars between England and Them about Thirty or Forty Years ago Soon after them came the Swedes and Fins who apply'd themselves to Husbandry and were the first Christian People that made any considerable Improvement there There were some Disputes between these two Nations some Years the Dutch looking upon the Swedes as Intruders upon their Purchase and Possession which was absolutely terminated in the Surrender made by John Rizeing the Swedes Governour to Peter Styreant Governour for the Dutch in 1655. In the Holland War about the Year 1665. Sir Robert Carr took the Country from the Dutch for the English and left his Cousin Captain Carr Governor of that place but in a short time after the Dutch re-took the Country from the English and kept it in their Possession till the Peace was concluded between the English and them when the Dutch Surrendered that Country with East and West-Jersey New-York with the whole Countries belonging to that Government to the English again But it remain'd with very little Impovement till the Year 1681. in which William Penn Esq had the Country given him by King Charles the Second in lieu of Money that was due to and signal Service done by his Father Sir William Penn and from him bore the Name of Pensilvania Since that time the Industrious nay Indefatigable Inhabitants have built a Noble and Beautiful City and called it Philadelphia which contains above two thousand Houses all Inhabited and most of them Stately and of Brick generally three Stories high after the Mode in London and as many several Families in each There are very many Lanes and Alleys as first