hampton_n or_o wulver_n hampton_n 581_o e_o wulpet_n 463_o f_o wyre_n forest_n 573_o e_fw-la x_o x._o no_o british_a letter_n 97_o y_o yale_n 676_o e_o yanesbury_n castle_n 245_o e_o yardley_n hasting_n 509_o e_o yare_a 721_o a._n a_o river_n 468_o d_o yarmouth_n 476_o f_z yeoman_n 177_o yeverin_n 815_o d_o y-kil_a what_o it_o signify_v 714_o a_o york_n wood_n 709_o b_o york_n city_n 701_o yorkshire_n ibid._n york_n earl_n and_o duke_n 724_o e_o iron_n mynes_n and_o work_n 306_o d_o ystwith_n 658_o a_o yvo_n ellas_n 675_o c_o yvor_n bach_n 642_o e_o z_o zouches_n 201_o f._n 202_o c._n whence_o descend_v 519_o a_o zouche_n of_o haringworth_n and_o ashby_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr zouch_n 224_o e_o zouch_n mortimer_n 514_o a_o zouch_n kill_v in_o westminster_n hall_n 519_o b_o zythum_fw-la 20_o the_o name_n of_o several_a nation_n city_n and_o great_a town_n rivers_n promontory_n or_o cape_n etc._n etc._n of_o britain_n in_o old_a time_n such_o as_o caesar_n tacitus_n ptolemaeus_n antoninus_n notitia_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la and_o other_o author_n have_v make_v mention_n of_o together_o with_o the_o late_a and_o modern_a name_n  _fw-fr at_fw-fr  _fw-fr aballaba_n appleby_n in_o westmoreland_n 761_o abone_n avington_n or_o aventon_n in_o glocestershire_n 358_o abus_n aestuarium_fw-la humber_n in_o yorkshire_n 710_o aesica_n netherby_n upon_o eske_n in_o cumberland_n 781_o ad_fw-la ansam_fw-la near_o coggeshall_n in_o essex_n 449_o ad_fw-la pontem_n paunton_n in_o lincolnshire_n 537_o adurni_n portus_n ederington_n 313_o agelocum_n little_a borough_n upon_o trent_n 549_o alone_a whitley_n in_o northumberland_n 794_o alannius_fw-la flu_fw-la avon_n in_o wiltshire_n 243_o alaunus_n flu_fw-fr alne_n in_o northumberland_n 813_o amboglanna_n ambleside_n haply_o 760_o ancalites_n the_o hundred_o of_o henly_n 389_o amnitum_fw-la vel_fw-la samnitum_fw-la insulae_fw-la isle_n upon_o the_o west_n coast_v of_o britain_n in_o france_n 221._o p._n 2_o andates_n lucus_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr anderida_n newenden_n in_o kent_n 351_o angli_fw-la sive_fw-la anglo-saxones_n englishman_n or_o english-saxons_a 127_o antona_n sive_fw-la aufona_n aufon_n 507.508_o antivestaeum_n the_o cape_n of_o cornwall_n 187_o aquae_fw-la solis_fw-la bath_n in_o somersetshire_n 233_o arbeia_n jerby_n 769_o ariconium_n kenchester_n near_o hereford_n 618_o atacoti_n or_o attacotti_n  _fw-fr 127_o atrebatii_n or_o attrebatii_n berkshire_n 278_o augusta_n see_v londinum_n  _fw-fr axelodunum_n hexham_n in_o northumberland_n 807_o  _fw-fr b_o  _fw-fr badiza_n bath_n 233_o bannavenna_n or_o bannaventa_n weedon_n on_o the_o street_n 508_o belerium_n the_o same_o that_o antivestaeum_n  _fw-fr belgae_n sommersetshire_n wiltshire_n and_o hantshire_n 219_o bellisama_n flu_fw-fr rhibell_n in_o lancashire_n 749_o bennones_n high-crosse_n 518_o bibroci_n the_o hundred_o of_o bray_n in_o berkshire_n 289_o binovium_n binchester_n 738_o blatum_n bulgium_n bulnesse_n in_o cumberland_n 775_o blestium_fw-la old_a town_n in_o herefordshire_n 787.617_o bonium_n banchor_n in_o flitshire_n 602.681_o bononia_n bollonge_v in_o france_n 349_o borcovicus_n borwick_n in_o northumberland_n 809_o brannodunum_n brancerster_n in_o norfolk_n 488_o bremenium_n brampton_n in_o northumberland_n 803_o brementuracum_n brampton_n in_o cumberland_n 783_o brementonacum_fw-la overborrow_n in_o lancashire_n 753_o brigantes_n yorkshire_n lancashire_n b._n of_o durham_n westmoreland_n cumberland_n 685_o brovonacum_n brougham_n 762_o bullaeum_fw-la buelth_n in_o brecknocshire_n 627_o burrium_n uske_n in_o monmouthshire_n 636_o  _fw-fr c_o  _fw-fr caesarromagus_fw-la near_o brentwood_n in_o essex_n fortè_fw-la 442_o calcaria_n tadcaster_n in_o yorkshire_n 696_o callena_n see_v gallena_n  _fw-fr camboritum_n cambridge_n 486_o camalodunum_n maldon_n 446_o camundolunum_fw-la see_v cambodunum_n  _fw-fr cambodunum_n ruin_n near_o aldmondbury_n in_o yorkshire_n 692_o calagum_n see_v galacum_n  _fw-fr canonium_n chensford_n in_o essex_n 445_o cantum_fw-la kent_n 324_o cantium_n promontorium_n the_o foreland_n of_o kent_n 342_o cangi_n  _fw-fr 231_o castra_n exploratorum_n burgh_n upon_o sands_n 773_o castra_n constantia_n constance_n in_o normandy_n 224_o cassii_n the_o hundred_o of_o caishow_n in_o hertfordshire_n 395_o cassiterides_n the_o isle_n of_o silly_a 227_o caturactonium_n cataricke_n in_o yorkshire_n 730_o cartieuchlani_fw-la buckingham_n bedford_z and_o hertfordshires_n 391_o causennae_fw-la see_v gausennae_n  _fw-fr cenio_n flu_fw-fr the_o river_n by_o tregeny_n in_o cornwall_n 190_o ceni-magni_a see_v iceni_n  _fw-fr cilurnum_n collerford_n in_o northumberland_n 806_o clausentum_n south_n hanton_a 261_o clevum_n gloucester_n 360_o coccium_n riblechester_n in_o lancashire_n 752_o colonia_n colchester_n in_o essex_n 450_o candate_n congleton_n in_o cheshire_n 608_o concangii_n barony_n of_o kendale_n 759_o condercum_n chester_n upon_o the_o street_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n 742_o combretonium_n brettenham_n in_o suffolk_n 463_o conovius_n flu_fw-fr the_o river_n conway_n in_o wales_n 669_o conovium_n vrbs_fw-la caer_fw-mi hean_v upon_o conway_n in_o caernarvonshire_n ibid._n convennos_fw-la insula_fw-la convey_v at_o the_o tamis_n mouth_n 441_o congavata_n a_o place_n upon_o caudbecke_n in_o cumberland_n 778_o corinium_n circester_n or_o cirencester_n in_o glocestershire_n 366_o coritani_n northamptonshire_n leicestershire_n rutlandshire_n lincolnshire_n nottinghamshire_n darbyshire_n 504_o cornavii_n warwickshire_n worcestershire_n staffordshire_n shropshire_n and_o cheshire_n 560_o corstopitum_fw-la morpit_fw-la in_o northumberland_n fortè_fw-la 808_o cossini_n  _fw-fr 833_o crococalana_a ancaster_n in_o lincolnshire_n 537_o cunetio_n marlborow_n or_o kenet_n in_o wiltshire_n 255_o curia_n corebridge_n in_o northumberland_n 808_o  _fw-fr d_o  _fw-fr danmonii_n cornwall_n and_o denshire_n 183_o danmoniorum_fw-la promontorium_n the_o lizard_n in_o cornwall_n 189_o danum_n dancaster_n in_o yorkshire_n 690_o delgovitia_n godmundham_n in_o yorkshire_n 711_o derventio_n auldby_n upon_o derwent_n in_o yorkshire_n 709_o deva_n flu_fw-fr d_o you_o in_o cheshire_n  _fw-fr devana_n sive_fw-la deva_n vrbs_fw-la chester_n or_o west-ch_a 604_o dictum_fw-la diganwey_n 669_o dimetae_n westwales_n caermardinshire_n penbrochshire_n and_o cardiganshire_n 647_o dobuni_n sive_fw-la boduni_n glocestershire_n and_o oxfordshire_n 354_o dorobernia_n see_v dorovernum_fw-la  _fw-fr dubris_n dover_n 344_o dunum_n sinus_fw-la the_o creek_n at_o dunesby_n near_o whitby_n in_o yorkshire_n 718_o ducornovia_n see_v corinium_n  _fw-fr durotriges_n dorsetshire_n 209_o dur-co-brivae_a redborn_n 413_o durnium_fw-la see_v durnovaria_n  _fw-fr durobrivae_n caster_n near_o wandlesworth_n in_o huntingdonshire_n 501_o durnovaria_n dorcester_n 212_o durobrovae_fw-la rochester_n 332_o durolenum_n leneham_n in_o kent_n 331_o durolitum_n old_a ford_n upon_o lee_n in_o essex_n 439_o durosiponte_n gormonchester_n 498_o durovernum_n canterbury_n 336_o  _fw-fr e_o  _fw-fr eboracum_n york_n 701_o epiacum_n papcastle_n in_o cumberland_n 768_o etoletum_fw-la the_o wall_n in_o staffordshire_n 587_o extensio_fw-la promont_n easton_n nesse_n in_o suffolk_n 467_o  _fw-fr f_o  _fw-fr fretum_n britannicum_fw-la the_o straight_a of_o calais_n 345_o  _fw-fr g_o  _fw-fr gabranto_n vicorum_fw-la portuosus_fw-la sinus_fw-la sureby_o in_o yorkshire_n 114_o gabrocentum_fw-la gateshead_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n 743.818_o gallatum_n whealp-castle_n in_o westmoreland_n 762_o gallana_n walle-wic_a 802_o gallena_n wallingford_n 761_o ganganorum_fw-la promont_n lheyn_n in_o caernarvonshire_n 668_o garianonum_n yarmouth_n 477_o garienis_fw-la flu_fw-la you_o be_v river_n in_o norfolk_n 476_o gausennnae_fw-la brig-casterton_n upon_o wash_n 534_o genunia_n north-wales_n 660_o glannoventa_n upon_o wentsbeck_n in_o northumberland_n 812_o glessariae_n  _fw-fr 220_o glevum_n gloucester_n 366_o gobannium_n abergevenny_n 635_o gessoriacum_n see_v bononia_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr h_n  _fw-fr herculis_n promont_n herty_n point_n in_o denshire_n 207_o hunnum_n sevenshale_v in_o northumberland_n 801_o  _fw-fr i_o  _fw-fr jamesa_n see_v tamesis_n  _fw-fr iceni_n suffolk_n norfolk_n cambridgshire_n and_o huntingdonshire_n 456_o icianos_n icborrow_n in_o norfolk_n 482_o idumanus_fw-la flu_fw-la blackewater_v river_n in_o essex_n 448_o isannavaria_n see_v banavenna_n for_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o  _fw-fr isca_n flu_fw-fr exit_fw-la river_n in_o denshire_n 203_o isca_n danmoniorum_n excester_n ibid._n isca_n legio_n augusta_n caer_n lheon_n in_o monmouthshire_n 636_o iscalis_n ivelcester_n 221_o isurium_n aldburge_n in_o yorkshire_n 701_o jugantes_fw-la who_o tacitus_n mention_v i_o wot_v not_o who_o they_o be_v unless_o they_o be_v the_o cantiani_fw-la that_o be_v kentishman_n who_o the_o welsh_a britan_n be_v wont_n in_o their_o language_n to_o call_v y-gant_n and_o yet_o it_o may_v seem_v as_o probable_a to_o read_v brigantes_n for_o jugantes_fw-la 688_o itium_n galliae_fw-la vitsan_n 348_o ituna_n flu_fw-fr eden_n river_n in_o cumberland_n 760.776_o  _fw-fr l_o  _fw-fr lactodurum_n sive_fw-la lactorodum_fw-la stony-stratford_n 397_o lagecium_n vel_fw-la legeolium_n castleford_n near_o pontfreit_n 695_o legio_n 11._o augusta_n see_v isca_n  _fw-fr legio_n 11._o victrix_n see_v eboracum_n  _fw-fr legio_n xx_o victrix_n see_v deva_n  _fw-fr lavatres_fw-la bow_n upon_o stanemore_n 731_o leucarum_n loghor_n in_o southwales_n 646_o littus_n saxonicum_fw-la east_n and_o south_n coast_n 325_o lemanis_n limehill_n or_o lime_n in_o kent_n 349_o lindum_n lincoln_n
as_o it_o be_v of_o fame_n have_v defend_v now_o the_o uttermost_a point_n of_o britanny_n be_v lay_v open_a &_o thing_n the_o less_o they_o have_v be_v within_o knowledge_n the_o great_a be_v the_o glory_n to_o atchive_n they_o but_o no_o nation_n now_o be_v there_o beyond_o we_o nothing_o but_o water_n nothing_o but_o rock_n and_o the_o roman_n even_o among_o they_o more_o infest_a than_o all_o beside_o who_o intolerable_a pride_n in_o vain_a shall_v a_o man_n seek_v to_o avoid_v with_o any_o obsequious_a service_n and_o humble_a behaviour_n robber_n as_o they_o be_v of_o the_o world_n who_o have_v now_o leave_v no_o more_o land_n to_o spoil_v search_v also_o the_o sea_n if_o their_o enemy_n be_v rich_a they_o covet_v their_o wealth_n if_o poor_a they_o seek_v to_o gain_v glory_n who_o neither_o the_o east_n nor_o the_o west_n be_v ever_o able_a to_o satisfy_v the_o only_a man_n of_o all_o memory_n that_o seek_v out_o all_o place_n be_v they_o wealthy_a or_o be_v they_o poor_a with_o like_a affection_n to_o take_v away_o by_o main_a force_n to_o kill_v and_o to_o spoil_v they_o false_o term_v empire_n and_o government_n when_o they_o lie_v all_o waste_n as_o a_o wilderness_n that_o they_o call_v peace_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v hold_v his_o own_o child_n and_o blood_n most_o dear_a nature_n have_v ordain_v and_o even_o those_o be_v press_v for_o soldier_n and_o carry_v away_o to_o serve_v as_o slave_n elsewhere_o our_o wife_n and_o sister_n if_o they_o be_v not_o violent_o force_v as_o in_o open_a hostility_n be_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n under_o the_o colour_n and_o title_n of_o friend_n and_o guest_n often_o abuse_v our_o good_n and_o substance_n they_o draw_v from_o we_o for_o tribute_n our_o corn_n for_o provision_n our_o very_a body_n and_o hand_n they_o wear_v out_o and_o consume_v in_o pave_v of_o bog_n and_o rid_v of_o wood_n with_o a_o thousand_o stripe_n and_o reproachful_a indignity_n beside_o slave_n yet_o which_o be_v bear_v to_o bondage_n be_v buy_v and_o sell_v once_o for_o all_o and_o afterward_o feed_v and_o find_v at_o their_o owner_n expense_n but_o britanny_n daily_o buy_v daily_o feed_v and_o be_v at_o daily_a charge_n with_o she_o own_o bondage_n and_o as_o in_o a_o private_a retinue_n of_o household_n servant_n the_o fresh_a man_n and_o last_o comer_n be_v laugh_v and_o scoff_v at_o by_o his_o very_a fellow_n even_o so_o in_o this_o old_a servitude_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n our_o destruction_n only_o be_v seek_v as_o be_v the_o late_a and_o vile_a in_o account_n of_o all_o other_o for_o field_n we_o have_v none_o to_o manure_v no_o mine_n to_o be_v dig_v no_o port_n to_o trade_n in_o for_o which_o purpose_n and_o employment_n we_o shall_v be_v reserve_v alive_a and_o as_o for_o the_o manhood_n and_o fierce_a courage_n of_o the_o subject_n it_o please_v not_o much_o the_o jealous_a sovereign_n and_o this_o very_a corner_n be_v so_o secret_a and_o far_o out_o of_o the_o way_n the_o more_o security_n it_o yield_v to_o we_o in_o they_o it_o work_v the_o great_a suspicion_n so_o see_v all_o hope_n of_o pardon_n be_v past_a at_o the_o length_n take_v courage_n to_o defend_v and_o maintain_v your_o safety_n as_o well_o as_o your_o honour_n thing_n most_o dear_a and_o precious_a unto_o you_o the_o trinobantes_n lead_v by_o a_o woman_n fire_v a_o colony_n force_a camp_n and_o castle_n and_o if_o such_o a_o lucky_a beginning_n have_v not_o end_v in_o sloth_n and_o security_n they_o may_v with_o ease_n have_v shake_v off_o the_o yoke_n we_o as_o yet_o be_v never_o touch_v never_o foil_v nor_o subdue_v as_o man_n therefore_o that_o mind_n to_o maintain_v their_o freedom_n not_o for_o the_o present_a but_o for_o ever_o let_v we_o show_v straightway_o in_o the_o first_o join_v what_o manner_n of_o man_n caledonia_n reserve_v in_o store_n for_o herself_o or_o do_v you_o think_v the_o roman_n to_o be_v as_o valiant_a in_o war_n as_o they_o be_v wanton_a in_o peace_n no_o it_o be_v not_o by_o their_o own_o virtue_n but_o by_o our_o farring_n and_o discord_n they_o be_v grow_v into_o fanie_n and_o the_o fault_n of_o their_o enemy_n they_o abuse_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o their_o own_o army_n compose_v of_o most_o divers_a nation_n and_o therefore_o as_o by_o present_a prosperity_n hold_v together_o so_o if_o fortune_n once_o frown_v it_o doubtless_o will_v dissolve_v unless_o you_o suppose_v the_o frenchman_n and_o german_n and_o to_o our_o shame_n be_v it_o speak_v many_o of_o our_o own_o nation_n which_o now_o lend_v their_o life_n to_o establish_v a_o foreign_a usurper_n and_o yet_o have_v be_v enemy_n long_o than_o servant_n to_o be_v lead_v and_o induce_v with_o any_o true_a heart_a and_o loyal_a affection_n nay_o it_o be_v fear_n and_o terror_n weak_a link_n and_o bound_n of_o love_n remove_v they_o once_o those_o which_o shall_v cease_v to_o fear_v will_v soon_o begin_v to_o hate_v all_o thing_n to_o incite_v unto_o victory_n be_v on_o our_o side_n no_o wife_n to_o encourage_v the_o roman_n no_o parent_n to_o upbraid_v they_o if_o they_o flee_v most_o have_v either_o no_o country_n at_o all_o or_o else_o some_o other_o a_o few_o fearful_a person_n tremble_v and_o gaze_v all_o about_o at_o the_o strangeness_n of_o heaven_n itself_o of_o sea_n of_o wood_n and_o all_o thing_n else_o the_o trinobantes_n god_n have_v deliver_v mew_v up_o as_o it_o be_v and_o fetter_v into_o our_o hand_n let_v the_o vain_a show_n and_o glitter_a of_o gold_n and_o silver_n terrify_v we_o which_o neither_o defend_v nor_o offend_v and_o even_o among_o our_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n we_o shall_v find_v of_o our_o side_n the_o britain_n will_v agnize_v their_o own_o cause_n the_o french_a will_v call_v to_o remembrance_n their_o freedom_n and_o former_a estate_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o german_n will_v leave_v and_o forsake_v they_o as_o of_o late_a the_o vsipian_o do_v and_o what_o else_o then_o have_v we_o to_o fear_v the_o castle_n be_v empty_a the_o colony_n people_v with_o age_a and_o impotent_a person_n the_o free_a city_n discontent_n and_o in_o faction_n while_o those_o which_o be_v under_o obey_v with_o ill_a will_n and_o they_o that_o do_v govern_v rule_v against_o right_n here_o be_v the_o general_n and_o here_o be_v the_o army_n there_o be_v the_o tribute_n there_o be_v the_o mettle_n mine_n and_o other_o misery_n inseparable_o follow_v they_o that_o live_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o other_o which_o either_o to_o continue_v and_o endure_v forever_o or_o straight_o to_o revenge_v it_o lie_v this_o day_n in_o this_o field_n wherefore_o as_o you_o be_v go_v to_o battle_n bear_v in_o your_o mind_n both_o the_o freedom_n of_o your_o ancestor_n and_o the_o bondage_n of_o your_o posterity_n this_o speech_n they_o cheerful_o receive_v as_o well_o with_o a_o song_n after_o their_o barbarous_a mâ—â—â—ner_n as_o with_o confuse_a acclamation_n and_o dissonant_n noise_n and_o as_o the_o company_n cluster_v together_o and_o glitter_a armour_n appear_v while_o the_o bold_a advance_v forward_a and_o withal_o the_o rank_n be_v put_v themselves_o in_o array_n agricola_n albeit_o his_o soldier_n be_v glad_a of_o that_o day_n and_o scarce_o with_o word_n can_v be_v withheld_a suppose_v it_o best_o to_o say_v somewhat_o encourage_v they_o in_o this_o wise_a fellow_n soldier_n and_o companion_n in_o arm_n your_o faithful_a service_n and_o diligence_n these_o 8._o year_n so_o painful_o show_v by_o the_o virtue_n and_o fortune_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n have_v conquer_v red_a britanny_n in_o so_o many_o journey_n in_o so_o many_o battle_n we_o be_v of_o necessity_n to_o show_v ourselves_o either_o valiant_a against_o the_o enemy_n or_o patient_a and_o laborious_a almost_o above_o and_o against_o nature_n itself_o in_o which_o exploit_n we_o have_v hitherto_o bear_v ourselves_o both_o so_o that_o neither_o desire_v i_o better_a soldier_n nor_o you_o other_o captain_n insomuch_o as_o we_o have_v exceed_v the_o limit_n i_o of_o my_o predecessor_n and_o you_o of_o you_o to_o the_o end_n of_o britanny_n we_o have_v find_v not_o by_o fame_n and_o report_n but_o we_o be_v with_o our_o arm_n and_o pavilion_n real_o invest_v thereof_o britain_n i_o say_v be_v find_v and_o subdue_v in_o march_v when_o the_o passage_n over_o bog_n mountain_n and_o river_n toil_v you_o out_o how_o oft_o have_v i_o hear_v every_o valiant_a soldier_n say_v when_o will_v the_o enemy_n present_v himself_o when_o shall_v we_o fight_v loe_o they_o be_v now_o put_v up_o out_o of_o their_o hole_n and_o hither_o they_o be_v come_v your_o wish_n lo_o be_v here_o and_o place_n for_o your_o virtue_n yea_o and_o all_o thing_n to_o follow_v in_o a_o easy_a and_o expedite_a course_n if_o you_o win_v but_o all_o against_o you_o if_o you_o lose_v for_o as_o
reed_n which_o the_o britain_n call_n hesk_n pliny_n wherewith_o northern_a nation_n and_o such_o be_v the_o britain_n thatch_v and_o cover_v their_o house_n yea_o and_o fasten_v together_o as_o it_o be_v with_o solder_v the_o joint_n of_o their_o ship_n but_o consider_v that_o there_o be_v no_o reed_n here_o find_v i_o be_o not_o hasty_a to_o give_v credit_n thereto_o this_o river_n have_v his_o head_n and_o spring_v first_o in_o a_o wee_o and_o barren_a ground_n name_v exmore_o near_o unto_o severn_n sea_n a_o great_a part_n whereof_o be_v count_v within_o sommersetshire_n stone_n and_o wherein_o there_o be_v see_v certain_a monument_n of_o antic_a work_n to_o wit_n stone_n pitch_v in_o order_n some_o triangle_n wise_a other_o in_o a_o round_a circle_n and_o one_o among_o the_o rest_n with_o a_o inscription_n in_o saxon_a letter_n or_o danish_a rather_o to_o direct_v those_o as_o it_o shall_v seem_v who_o be_v to_o travail_v that_o way_n now_o this_o exit_fw-la or_o isc_n begin_v his_o course_n first_o from_o thence_o southward_o by_o twifordton_n tiverton_n so_o call_v of_o two_o ford_n but_o common_o teverton_n a_o town_n stand_v much_o upon_o clothing_n to_o the_o great_a gain_n and_o credit_v thereof_o pass_v forward_o through_o a_o fair_a country_n of_o good_a and_o fertile_a field_n and_o be_v augment_v with_o two_o especial_a rivulet_n creden_n from_o the_o west_n and_o columb_n from_o the_o east_n upon_o creden_n in_o the_o primitive_a church_n of_o the_o saxon_n there_o flourish_v a_o episcopal_a see_v in_o a_o town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n ancient_o call_v cridiantun_n now_o by_o contraction_n kirton_n where_o that_o winifrid_n or_o boniface_n be_v bear_v who_o convert_v the_o hessian_o thuringer_n and_o frisian_n of_o germany_n unto_o christ_n and_o for_o that_o be_v account_v the_o apostle_n of_o germany_n and_o canonize_v a_o saint_n at_o this_o present_a it_o be_v of_o no_o great_a reckon_n but_o for_o a_o small_a market_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o exeter_n his_o house_n there_o but_o within_o our_o father_n remembrance_n of_o much_o great_a name_n and_o request_v it_o be_v for_o a_o college_n there_o of_o twelve_o prebendary_n who_o now_o be_v all_o vanish_v and_o go_v the_o river_n columb_n that_o come_v from_o the_o east_n pass_v hard_o by_o columbton_n a_o little_a town_n bear_v his_o name_n which_o king_n alfred_n by_o his_o testament_n bequeath_v to_o his_o young_a son_n poltimore_n and_o near_o unto_o poltimore_n the_o seat_n of_o that_o worshipful_a and_o right_a ancient_a family_n of_o bampfield_n ex._n intermingle_v itself_o with_o the_o water_n of_o ex._n and_o now_o by_o this_o time_n isc_n or_o exit_fw-la grow_v big_a and_o sport_v himself_o as_o it_o be_v with_o spread_v into_o many_o stream_n very_o commodious_a for_o mill_n hi_v apace_o and_o come_v close_o to_o the_o city_n of_o excester_n unto_o which_o he_o leave_v his_o name_n whereupon_o alexander_n necham_n write_v thus_o in_o his_o poem_n of_o divine_a sapience_n exoniae_fw-la fama_fw-la celeberimus_fw-la iscianomen_fw-la praebuit_fw-la to_o excester_n exit_fw-la a_o river_n of_o fame_n first_n iscia_n call_v impose_v the_o name_n this_o city_n ptolomee_n call_v isca_n antoninus_n isca_n dunmoniorum_n for_o danmoniorum_n other_o but_o false_o augusta_n as_o if_o the_o second_o legion_n augusta_n have_v there_o be_v resident_a whereas_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o that_o it_o keep_v station_n and_o residence_n in_o excester_n isca_n silurum_fw-la the_o english_a saxon_n term_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o monketon_n of_o the_o monk_n at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v call_v excester_n in_o latin_a exonia_n in_o british_a caerisk_n caeauth_n and_o pencaer_n that_o be_v a_o head_n or_o principal_a city_n for_o caer_n to_o tell_v you_o once_o for_o all_o with_o our_o signify_v britan_n be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o a_o city_n whereupon_o they_o use_v to_o name_n jerusalem_n caer_n salem_n lutetia_n or_o paris_n caer_n paris_n rome_n caer_n ruffaine_n thus_o carthage_n in_o the_o punic_a tongue_n be_v call_v as_o solinus_z witness_v cartheia_n that_o be_v the_o new_a city_n i_o have_v hear_v likewise_o that_o caer_n in_o the_o syriack_n tongue_n signify_v a_o city_n now_o see_v that_o the_o syrian_n as_o all_o man_n confess_v people_v the_o whole_a world_n with_o their_o colony_n it_o may_v seem_v probable_a that_o they_o leave_v their_o tongue_n also_o to_o their_o posterity_n as_o the_o mother_n of_o all_o future_a language_n this_o city_n as_o say_v william_n of_o malmesbury_n albeit_o the_o soil_n adjoin_v be_v wet_a foul_a and_o wealie_a scarce_o able_a to_o bring_v forth_o hungry_a oat_n and_o many_o time_n empty_a husk_n without_o grain_n in_o they_o yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o stateliness_n of_o the_o place_n the_o riches_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o frequent_a concourse_n of_o stranger_n all_o kind_n of_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n of_o merchant_n be_v there_o so_o fresh_a that_o a_o man_n can_v ask_v there_o for_o no_o necessary_a but_o he_o may_v have_v it_o scituate_n it_o be_v on_o the_o eastward_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n exit_fw-la upon_o a_o little_a hill_n gentle_o arise_v with_o a_o easy_a ascent_n to_o a_o pretty_a height_n the_o pendent_a whereof_o lie_v east_n and_o west_n environ_v about_o with_o ditch_n and_o very_o strong_a wall_n have_v many_o turret_n orderly_o interpose_v and_o contain_v in_o circuit_n a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a have_v suburb_n run_v out_o a_o great_a way_n on_o each_o side_n in_o it_o there_o be_v xv_o parish-church_n and_o in_o the_o very_o high_a part_n thereof_o near_o the_o east_n gate_n a_o castle_n call_v rugemont_n sometime_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_a king_n and_o afterward_o of_o the_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n but_o at_o this_o day_n commend_v for_o nothing_o else_o but_o the_o antiquity_n and_o situation_n thereof_o for_o it_o command_v the_o whole_a city_n and_o territory_n about_o it_o and_o have_v a_o very_a pleasant_a prospect_n into_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o east_n quarter_n of_o the_o city_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o cathedral_n church_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o many_o fair_a house_n round_o about_o it_o found_v as_o the_o private_a history_n of_o the_o place_n witness_v by_o king_n athelstan_n in_o the_o honour_n of_o saint_n peter_n and_o replenish_v with_o monk_n which_o church_n at_o length_n edward_n the_o confessor_n after_o he_o have_v remove_v some_o of_o the_o monk_n from_o thence_o to_o westminster_n and_o translate_v thither_o the_o bishop_n see_v of_o cornwall_n and_o kirton_n adorn_v with_o episcopal_a dignity_n and_o make_v leofrike_n the_o britan_n first_o bishop_n there_o who_o successor_n augment_v the_o church_n both_o with_o edifice_n and_o also_o with_o revenue_n and_o william_n bruier_v the_o nine_o bishop_n after_o he_o when_o the_o monk_n be_v displace_v bring_v in_o a_o dean_n and_o twenty_o and_o four_o prebendary_n in_o which_o age_n flourish_v joseph_n iscanus_n bear_v here_o and_o from_o hence_o take_v his_o surname_n a_o poet_n of_o most_o excellent_a wit_n who_o write_n be_v so_o well_o approve_v as_o that_o they_o have_v equal_a commendation_n with_o the_o work_n of_o ancient_a poet_n for_o his_o poem_n of_o the_o trojan_a war_n be_v divulge_v once_o or_o twice_o in_o germany_n under_o the_o name_n of_o cornelius_n nepos_n nepos_n when_o this_o city_n excester_n isca_n come_v under_o the_o roman_a jurisdiction_n it_o appear_v not_o for_o certain_a for_o so_o far_o off_o be_o i_o from_o think_v that_o vespasian_n win_v it_o as_o geffrey_n of_o monmouth_n affirm_v what_o time_n as_o he_o war_a in_o britain_n under_o claudius_n the_o emperor_n be_v show_v by_o the_o destiny_n unto_o the_o world_n that_o i_o think_v it_o be_v then_o scarce_o build_v yet_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o antonine_n it_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v be_v well_o know_v for_o hither_o and_o no_o far_o this_o way_n do_v antonine_n specify_v any_o place_n in_o his_o way-faring_a book_n it_o come_v not_o full_o to_o the_o english-saxons_a hand_n before_o the_o 465._o year_n after_o their_o entrance_n into_o britain_n malmesbury_n for_o at_o that_o time_n athelstane_n expel_v the_o britan_n quite_o out_o of_o the_o city_n who_o before_o have_v inhabit_v it_o in_o equal_a right_n with_o the_o saxon_n yea_o and_o drive_v they_o beyond_o tamar_n and_o then_o fortify_v the_o city_n round_o about_o with_o a_o rampire_n and_o wall_n of_o fouresquare_n stone_n and_o other_o bulwark_n for_o defence_n since_o which_o time_n many_o benefit_n by_o the_o king_n have_v be_v bestow_v upon_o it_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n as_o we_o read_v in_o william_n the_o conqueror_n domesday_n book_n this_o city_n pay_v no_o tribute_n but_o when_o london_n york_n and_o winchester_n pay_v and_o that_o be_v half_o a_o mark_n of_o silver_n for_o a_o soldier_n service_n and_o when_o there_o be_v
elsewhere_o be_v call_v cangton_n but_o of_o these_o matter_n let_v the_o reader_n be_v judge_n myself_o as_o i_o say_v do_v no_o more_o but_o conjecture_n while_o i_o seek_v to_o trace_v out_o these_o their_o footstep_n and_o hope_v to_o find_v they_o out_o some_o where-else_a among_o these_o hill_n stand_v chuton_n which_o be_v the_o habitation_n if_o i_o take_v not_o my_o mark_n amiss_o of_o william_n bonvill_n who_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o call_v by_o his_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o the_o parliament_n bonvill_n by_o the_o name_n william_n de_fw-fr bonvill_n and_o chuton_n among_o other_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n make_v he_o knight_n of_o the_o garter_n and_o rich_o match_v his_o son_n in_o marriage_n with_o the_o sole_a daughter_n of_o lord_n harington_n but_o when_o he_o unthankful_a man_n that_o he_o be_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o civil_a war_n revolt_v and_o take_v part_n with_o the_o house_n of_o york_n as_o if_o vengeance_n have_v pursue_v he_o hard_o at_o heel_n that_o only_a son_n of_o his_o he_o see_v take_v from_o he_o by_o untimely_a death_n and_o his_o nephew_n by_o the_o same_o son_n baron_n of_o harington_n slay_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o wakefield_n and_o immediate_o after_o that_o his_o old_a age_n may_v want_v no_o kind_n of_o misery_n while_o he_o wait_v still_o and_o long_o look_v for_o better_a day_n be_v himself_o take_v prisoner_n in_o the_o second_o battle_n of_o saint_n alban_n and_o have_v now_o run_v through_o his_o full_a time_n by_o course_n of_o nature_n lose_v his_o head_n leave_v behind_o he_o for_o his_o heir_n his_o grand-childs_n daughter_n cecilie_n a_o damsel_n of_o tender_a year_n who_o afterward_o with_o a_o great_a inheritance_n 4._o be_v wed_v to_o thomas_n greie_n marquesse_n dorset_n but_o his_o blood_n after_o his_o death_n be_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n restore_v under_o mendip_n hill_n northward_o there_o be_v a_o little_a village_n call_v congersburie_n so_o name_v of_o one_o congar_n a_o man_n of_o singular_a holiness_n capgrave_n have_v write_v that_o he_o be_v the_o emperor_n son_n of_o constantinople_n who_o live_v there_o a_o eremite_n harpetre_n also_o harpetre_n a_o castle_n by_o right_a of_o inheritance_n fall_v to_o the_o gornaies_n and_o from_o they_o descend_v to_o the_o ab-adams_n who_o as_o i_o have_v read_v restore_v it_o to_o the_o gornaies_n again_o southward_o not_o far_o from_o the_o foresay_a hole_n where_o mendip_n slope_v down_o with_o a_o stony_a descent_n a_o little_a city_n with_o a_o episcopal_a see_v be_v situate_a beneath_o at_o the_o hill_n foot_n sometime_o call_v as_o say_v leland_n but_o whence_o he_o have_v it_o welles_n i_o wot_v not_o theodorodunum_fw-la now_o welles_n so_o name_v of_o the_o spring_n or_o well_n which_o boil_v and_o walm_n up_o there_o like_v as_o susa_n in_o persia_n croia_n in_o dalmatia_n and_o pagase_v in_o macedonia_n be_v name_v of_o the_o like_a fountain_n in_o their_o country_n speech_n barletius_n whereupon_o this_o also_o in_o latin_a be_v call_v fontanensis_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la as_o one_o will_v say_v fountain-church_n fot_o multitude_n of_o inhabitant_n for_o fair_a and_o stately_a building_n it_o may_v well_o and_o true_o challenge_v the_o pre-eminence_n of_o all_o this_o province_n a_o goodly_a church_n it_o have_v and_o a_o college_n found_v by_o king_n ina_n in_o honour_n of_o saint_n andrew_n and_o soon_o after_o endow_v by_o prince_n and_o great_a man_n with_o rich_a live_n and_o revenue_n among_o who_o king_n kinewolph_n by_o name_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 766._o grant_v unto_o it_o very_o many_o place_n lie_v thereabouts_o for_o in_o a_o charter_n of_o his_o we_o read_v thus_o i_o kinewolph_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n for_o the_o love_n of_o god_n and_o that_o which_o be_v not_o open_o to_o be_v speak_v for_o some_o vexation_n of_o our_o enemy_n those_o of_o the_o cornish_a nation_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o my_o bishop_n and_o noble_n will_v most_o humble_o give_v and_o consecrate_v some_o parcel_n of_o land_n to_o saint_n andrew_n the_o apostle_n and_o servant_n of_o god_n that_o be_v to_o say_v as_o much_o as_o come_v to_o xi_o eleven_o hide_n near_o to_o the_o river_n call_v welwe_v for_o the_o augmentation_n of_o that_o monastery_n which_o stand_v near_o the_o great_a fountain_n that_o they_o call_v wiclea_n this_o charter_n have_v i_o set_v down_o both_o for_o the_o antiquity_n and_o because_o some_o have_v suppose_v that_o the_o place_n take_v name_n of_o this_o river_n very_o near_o the_o church_n there_o be_v a_o spring_n call_v saint_n andrew_n well_o the_o fair_a deep_a and_o most_o plentiful_a that_o i_o have_v see_v by_o and_o by_o make_v a_o swift_a brook_n the_o church_n itself_o all_o throughout_o be_v very_o beautiful_a but_o the_o frontispiece_n thereof_o in_o the_o west_n end_n be_v a_o most_o excellent_a and_o goodly_a piece_n of_o work_n indeed_o for_o it_o arise_v up_o still_o from_o the_o foot_n to_o the_o top_n all_o of_o imagery_n in_o curious_a and_o antic_a wise_a wrought_v of_o stone_n carve_v and_o embow_v right_a artificial_o and_o the_o cloister_n adjoin_v very_o fair_a and_o spacious_a a_o gorgeous_a palace_n of_o the_o bishop_n build_v in_o manner_n of_o a_o castle_n fortify_v with_o wall_n and_o a_o moat_n stand_v hard_a by_o southward_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n fair_a house_n of_o the_o prebendary_n comb_n for_o seven_o and_o twenty_o prebend_n with_o nineteen_o other_o petty_a prebend_n beside_o a_o dean_n a_o chaunter_n a_o chancellor_n and_o three_o archdeacon_n belong_v to_o this_o church_n in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n edward_n the_o elder_a a_o bishop_n see_v be_v here_o place_v for_o when_o the_o pope_n have_v suspend_v he_o because_o the_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n and_o jurisdiction_n in_o these_o western_a part_n of_o the_o realm_n begin_v open_o to_o decay_v than_o he_o know_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o maintainer_n and_o nurse-father_n of_o the_o church_n ordain_v three_o new_a bishopric_n to_o wit_n of_o kirton_n cridie_n cornwall_n and_o this_o of_o welles_n where_o he_o make_v eadulph_n the_o first_o bishop_n 905._o but_o many_o year_n after_o when_o giso_n sit_v bishop_n there_o harold_n earl_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n and_o of_o kent_n who_o gape_v so_o greedy_o for_o the_o good_n of_o the_o church_n so_o disquiet_v and_o vex_v he_o bath_n that_o he_o go_v within_o a_o little_a off_o quite_o abolish_n the_o dignity_n thereof_o but_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n after_o he_o have_v overthrow_v harold_n stretch_v out_o his_o help_a hand_n to_o the_o succour_n of_o banish_a giso_n and_o relief_n of_o his_o afflict_a church_n at_o what_o time_n as_o witness_v doomsday_n book_n the_o bishop_n hold_v the_o whole_a town_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n which_o pay_v tribute_n after_o the_o proportion_n of_o fifty_o hide_n afterward_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o johannes_n de_fw-fr villula_fw-la of_o tours_n in_o france_n be_v now_o elect_v bishop_n translate_v his_o see_n to_o bath_n since_o which_o time_n the_o two_o see_v grow_v into_o one_o the_o bishop_n bear_v the_o title_n of_o both_o so_o that_o he_o be_v call_v the_o bishop_n of_o bath_n and_o welles_n whereupon_o the_o monk_n of_o bath_n and_o canon_n of_o welles_n innovetur_fw-la enter_v into_o a_o great_a quarrel_n and_o skuffle_v as_o it_o be_v each_o with_o the_o other_o about_o the_o choose_n of_o their_o bishop_n mean_v while_n savanaricus_fw-la bishop_n of_o bath_n be_v also_o abbot_n of_o glastenbury_n translate_v the_o see_v of_o glastenbury_n and_o be_v call_v bishop_n thereof_o but_o when_o he_o die_v this_o title_n die_v with_o he_o and_o the_o monk_n and_o canon_n aforesaid_a 1193._o be_v at_o length_n bring_v to_o accord_n by_o that_o robert_n who_o divide_v the_o patrimony_n of_o welles_n church_n into_o prebend_n institute_v a_o dean_n subdeane_a etc._n etc._n joceline_n also_o the_o bishop_n about_o the_o same_o time_n repair_v the_o church_n with_o new_a building_n and_o within_o remembrance_n of_o our_o grandfather_n raulph_n of_o shrewsburie_n so_o some_o call_v he_o build_v a_o very_a fine_a college_n for_o the_o vicar_n and_o singing-man_n fast_o by_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o church_n and_o wall_v in_o the_o bishop_n palace_n but_o this_o rich_a church_n be_v despoil_v of_o many_o fair_a possession_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o when_o england_n feel_v all_o misery_n which_o happen_v under_o a_o child-king_n as_o you_o go_v from_o the_o palace_n to_o the_o marketplace_n of_o the_o town_n thomas_n beckington_n the_o bishop_n build_v a_o most_o beautiful_a gate_n who_o also_o adjoin_v thereto_o pass_o fair_a house_n all_o of_o uniform_a height_n near_o the_o marketplace_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o be_v to_o be_v see_v a_o marketplace_n support_v with_o seven_o column_n or_o pillar_n without_o arch_a
overhead_n right_o dainty_o which_o william_n knight_n the_o bishop_n and_o wolman_n the_o deane_n found_v for_o the_o use_n of_o people_n resort_v thither_o to_o the_o market_n thus_o much_o of_o the_o east-part_n of_o the_o town_n in_o the_o westside_n thereof_o i_o have_v see_v the_o parish_n church_n of_o saint_n cuthbert_n next_o unto_o which_o stand_v a_o hospital_n found_v by_o nicolas_n burwith_o bishop_n for_o four_o and_o twenty_o poor_a people_n out_o of_o those_o mendip_n or_o mine-hil_n spring_v the_o river_n frome_n which_o run_v eastward_o by_o coalpit_n before_o it_o have_v hold_v on_o a_o long_a course_n that_o way_n turn_v northward_o norton_n and_o serve_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o bind_v confine_v this_o shire_n and_o gloceste-shire_n and_o pass_v hard_a under_o farley_n a_o castle_n not_o long_o since_o of_o the_o lord_n hungerford_n situate_a upon_o a_o rock_n where_o humphrey_n bohun_n build_v sometime_o a_o monkery_n not_o far_o from_o philip_n norton_n a_o great_a market-town_n which_o take_v the_o name_n of_o a_o church_n consecrate_v to_o saint_n philip._n low_o than_o it_o selwood_n selwood_n whereof_o i_o speak_v erewhile_o spread_v long_o and_o large_a a_o wood_n stand_v well_o and_o thick_a of_o tree_n whereof_o the_o country_n round_o about_o adjoin_v be_v name_v as_o ethelward_o my_o author_n write_v selwoodshire_n and_o a_o town_n steepe_o seat_v thereby_o be_v yet_o call_v frome_n selwood_n which_o gain_v very_o much_o by_o the_o trade_n of_o clothing_n from_o which_o westward_o not_o full_a two_o mile_n there_o show_v itself_o a_o castle_n little_a though_o it_o be_v yet_o fine_a and_o trim_a consist_v of_o four_o round_a turret_n which_o be_v build_v by_o the_o delamares_n and_o name_v thereupon_o monney_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mare_n from_o they_o come_v by_o way_n of_o inheritance_n to_o the_o powlet_n mare_n and_o not_o far_o from_o thence_o be_v witham_n where_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o erect_v a_o nunnery_n which_o afterward_o be_v the_o first_o house_n and_o as_o it_o be_v mother_n to_o the_o carthusian_n or_o charterhouse_n monk_n in_o england_n as_o hinton_n not_o far_o off_o near_o farley_n castle_n be_v the_o second_o and_o now_o by_o this_o time_n frome_n grow_v big_a by_o some_o rivulet_n issue_v out_o of_o this_o wood_n join_v with_o the_o noble_a river_n avon_n soâ—iâ—_n which_o hold_v on_o a_o crooked_a course_n run_v anon_o to_o that_o ancient_a city_n which_o of_o the_o hot_a bath_n ptolomee_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v hight_z water_n antoninus_n aqvae_fw-la solis_fw-la that_o be_v the_o water_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o britain_n your_o ennaint_a twymin_n and_o caer_n badon_n the_o saxon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o of_o the_o concourse_n thither_o of_o disease_a people_n akmanchester_n that_o be_v the_o city_n of_o sickly_a folk_n stephanus_n name_v it_o badiza_n we_o at_o this_o day_n bath_n and_o the_o latinist_n common_o bathonia_n seat_v it_o be_v low_a in_o a_o plain_a and_o the_o same_o not_o great_a environ_v round_o about_o with_o hill_n almost_o all_o of_o one_o height_n out_o of_o which_o certain_a rille_n of_o fresh_a river_n water_n continual_o descend_v into_o the_o city_n to_o the_o great_a commodity_n of_o the_o citizen_n within_o the_o city_n itself_o there_o bubble_n &_o boil_v up_o three_o spring_n of_o hot_a water_n water_n of_o a_o bluish_a or_o sea-colour_n send_v up_o from_o they_o thin_a vapour_n and_o a_o kind_n of_o a_o strong_a send_v withal_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o water_n be_v drill_v and_o strain_v through_o vein_n of_o brimstone_n and_o a_o clammy_a kind_n of_o earth_n call_v bitumen_n which_o spring_n be_v very_o medicinable_a and_o of_o great_a virtue_n to_o cure_v body_n overcharge_v and_o benumb_a as_o it_o be_v with_o corrupt_a humour_n for_o by_o their_o heat_n they_o procure_v sweat_n and_o subdue_v the_o rebellious_a stubbornness_n of_o the_o say_a humour_n yet_o be_v not_o they_o wholesome_a at_o all_o hour_n for_o from_o eight_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o forenoon_n unto_o three_o after_o noon_n they_o be_v in_o manner_n scald_a hot_a and_o do_v work_v and_o be_v thus_o trouble_v cast_v up_o from_o the_o bottom_n certain_a filth_n during_o which_o time_n they_o be_v shut_v neither_o may_v any_o body_n go_v into_o they_o until_o by_o their_o sluice_n they_o cleanse_v themselves_o and_o rid_v away_o that_o filthiness_n of_o these_o three_o the_o cross_a bath_n so_o call_v of_o a_o cross_n stand_v upright_o in_o old_a time_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o be_v of_o a_o very_a mild_a and_o temperate_a warmth_n and_o have_v twelve_o seat_n of_o stone_n about_o the_o brink_n or_o border_n thereof_o and_o be_v enclose_v within_o a_o wall_n the_o second_o distant_a from_o this_o not_o full_o 200._o foot_n be_v much_o hot_a whereupon_o it_o be_v term_v hot_a bath_n adjoin_v to_o these_o be_v a_o hospital_n or_o lazar_n house_n build_v by_o reginald_n bishop_n of_o bath_n for_o the_o relief_n of_o poor_a disease_a person_n and_o those_o two_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o street_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o city_n the_o three_o which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o after_o a_o sort_n in_o the_o very_a bosom_n and_o heart_n of_o the_o city_n be_v call_v the_o king_n bath_n near_o unto_o the_o cathedral_n church_n wall_v also_o round_o about_o and_o fit_v with_o 32._o seat_n of_o arch_a work_n wherein_o man_n and_o woman_n may_v sit_v apart_o who_o when_o they_o enter_v in_o put_v upon_o their_o body_n linen_n garment_n and_o have_v their_o guide_n where_o the_o say_a cathedral_n church_n now_o stand_v there_o be_v in_o ancient_a time_n minerva_n as_o the_o report_n go_v a_o temple_n consecrate_v to_o minerva_n certes_o solinus_n polyhistor_n speak_v no_o doubt_n of_o these_o hot_a bath_n say_v thus_o in_o britain_n there_o be_v hot_a spring_n very_o dainty_o adorn_v and_o keep_v for_o man_n use_n the_o patroness_n of_o which_o fountain_n be_v the_o goddess_n minerva_n in_o who_o temple_n the_o perpetual_a fire_n never_o turn_v ash_n and_o dead_a coal_n but_o when_o the_o fire_n begin_v to_o die_v it_o turn_v into_o round_a mass_n of_o stone_n howbeit_o athenaeus_n write_v that_o all_o hot_a bath_n which_o natural_o break_v out_o of_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v sacred_a to_o hercules_n and_o in_o very_a deed_n there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o wall_n of_o this_o city_n a_o ancient_a image_n such_o as_o it_o be_v of_o hercules_n grasp_a in_o his_o hand_n a_o snake_n among_o other_o old_a monument_n by_o the_o injury_n of_o time_n now_o altogether_o deface_v but_o that_o we_o may_v not_o contend_v about_o this_o matter_n let_v we_o grant_v if_o it_o be_v so_o think_v good_a that_o bath_n be_v consecrate_v to_o hercules_n and_o minerva_n joint_o for_o the_o greek_n do_v write_v that_o pallas_n first_o minister_v water_n unto_o hercules_n for_o to_o bathe_v he_o after_o he_o have_v achieve_v his_o labour_n for_o my_o purpose_n it_o shall_v suffice_v if_o i_o be_v able_a to_o prove_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o solinus_n who_o write_v that_o pallas_n be_v the_o patroness_n of_o these_o bath_n this_o city_n to_o be_v the_o same_o which_o the_o britan_n in_o their_o tongue_n call_v caer_n palladdur_n palladur_n that_o be_v the_o city_n of_o pallas-water_n or_o vrbs_fw-la palladiae_fw-la aquae_fw-la if_o a_o man_n turn_v it_o into_o latin_a for_o the_o matter_n the_o name_n and_o signification_n do_v most_o fit_o agree_v the_o find_v out_o of_o these_o bath_n our_o fable_n attribute_v to_o the_o king_n of_o britan_n bleyden_n cloyth_fw-mi magic_n that_o be_v bleyden_n the_o magician_n but_o with_o what_o probability_n that_o i_o leave_v to_o other_o pliny_n indeed_o affirm_v that_o the_o britan_n in_o old_a time_n use_v the_o practice_n of_o magic_n with_o so_o great_a ceremony_n that_o it_o seem_v they_o teach_v it_o the_o persian_n yet_o dare_v i_o not_o ascribe_v these_o bath_n to_o any_o art_n magical_a some_o of_o our_o writer_n when_o their_o mind_n be_v busy_v in_o other_o matter_n report_n julius_n caesar_n to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o finder_n of_o they_o but_o my_o opinion_n be_v that_o late_a it_o be_v ere_o the_o roman_n have_v knowledge_n of_o they_o seeing_z solinus_z be_v the_o first_o that_o have_v make_v mention_n of_o they_o the_o english-saxons_a about_o the_o 44._o year_n after_o their_o come_n into_o britain_n when_o they_o have_v break_v league_n and_o covenant_n and_o kindle_v again_o the_o coal_n of_o war_n which_o have_v already_o be_v quench_v besiege_v this_o city_n but_o when_o the_o warlike_a arthur_n come_v upon_o they_o they_o take_v the_o hill_n name_v mons_fw-la badâ—nicus_n where_o when_o courageous_o a_o long_a while_o they_o have_v fight_v it_o out_o to_o the_o uttermost_a a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o
be_v slay_v this_o hill_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o very_a same_o which_o now_o be_v call_v bannesdowne_n over_o a_o little_a village_n near_o this_o city_n which_o they_o call_v bathstone_n on_o which_o there_o be_v bank_n and_o a_o rampire_n as_o yet_o to_o be_v see_v yet_o some_o there_o be_v i_o know_v who_o seek_v for_o this_o hill_n in_o yorkshire_n but_o gildas_n may_v bring_v they_o back_o again_o to_o this_o place_n for_o in_o a_o manuscript_n copy_n within_o cambridge-librarie_n where_o he_o write_v of_o the_o victory_n of_o aurelius_n ambrose_n thus_o we_o read_v until_o that_o year_n wherein_o siege_n be_v lay_v to_o the_o hill_n of_o badonicus_n which_o be_v not_o far_o from_o severne_n mouth_n but_o in_o case_n this_o may_v not_o persuade_v they_o know_v they_o that_o the_o vale_n which_o run_v here_o along_o the_o river_n avon_n be_v name_v in_o british_a nant_n badon_n that_o be_v the_o vale_n of_o badon_n and_o where_o we_o shall_v seek_v for_o the_o hill_n badonicus_n but_o by_o the_o vale_fw-la badonica_fw-la i_o can_v hitherto_o see_v neither_o dare_v the_o saxon_n for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o set_v upon_o this_o city_n but_o leave_v it_o for_o a_o great_a while_n to_o the_o britan_n howbeit_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 577._o when_o cowalin_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n have_v defeat_v the_o britan_n at_o deorbam_n in_o glocestershire_n be_v both_o straight_o besiege_v and_o also_o assault_v it_o yield_v at_o first_o and_o within_o few_o year_n recover_v some_o strength_n grow_v up_o to_o great_a dignity_n and_o therewith_o get_v a_o new_a name_n ackmancester_n as_o i_o say_v for_o osbrich_n in_o the_o year_n 676._o found_v a_o nunnery_n there_o and_o immediate_o after_o when_o the_o mercian_n have_v get_v it_o under_o they_o king_n offa_n build_v another_o church_n both_o which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o danish_a broil_n be_v overthrow_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o these_o two_o arise_v afterward_o the_o church_n of_o s._n peter_n in_o which_o eadgar_n surname_v the_o peacemaker_n be_v crown_v and_o sacred_a king_n bestow_v upon_o the_o city_n very_o many_o immunity_n the_o memory_n of_o which_o thing_n the_o citizen_n yearly_a with_o solemn_a play_n do_v yet_o celebrate_v in_o edward_n the_o confessor_n time_n as_o we_o read_v in_o domes-booke_n of_o england_n it_o pay_v tribute_n according_a to_o 20._o hide_n when_o as_o the_o shire_n pay_v there_o the_o king_n have_v 64._o burgher_n and_o 30._o burgher_n of_o other_o but_o this_o prosperity_n of_o they_o endure_v not_o long_o for_o soon_o after_o the_o norman_n come_v in_o robert_z mowbray_z nephew_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o constance_n who_o have_v raise_v no_o small_a sedition_n against_o king_n william_n rufus_n sack_v and_o burn_v it_o yet_o in_o short_a space_n it_o revive_v and_o recover_v itself_o by_o mean_n of_o john_n de_fw-fr villula_fw-la of_o tours_n in_o france_n who_o be_v bishop_n of_o welles_n for_o five_o hundred_o mark_n as_o say_v william_n of_o malmesburie_n purchase_v this_o city_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o and_o translate_v his_o episcopal_a chair_n hither_o retain_v also_o the_o title_n of_o bishop_n of_o welles_n and_o for_o his_o own_o see_v build_v a_o new_a church_n which_o be_v not_o long_o since_o ready_a to_o fall_v olivar_n bishop_n of_o bath_n begin_v to_o found_v another_o hard_a by_o that_o old_a a_o curious_a and_o stately_a piece_n of_o work_n i_o assure_v you_o and_o almost_o finish_v the_o same_o which_o if_o he_o have_v perform_v indeed_o it_o will_v no_o doubt_n have_v surpass_v the_o most_o cathedral_n church_n of_o england_n but_o the_o untimely_a death_n of_o so_o magnificent_a a_o bishop_n the_o iniquity_n and_o trouble_n of_o the_o time_n and_o the_o suppression_n of_o religious_a house_n ensue_v with_o the_o late_a avarice_n of_o some_o who_o have_v crafty_o convey_v the_o money_n collect_v throughout_o england_n for_o that_o use_n another_o way_n if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o be_v report_v have_v envy_v it_o that_o glory_n but_o nevertheless_o this_o city_n have_v flourish_v as_o well_o by_o clothing_n as_o by_o reason_n of_o usual_a concourse_n thither_o for_o health_n twice_o every_o year_n yea_o and_o have_v fortify_v itself_o with_o wall_n wherein_o there_o be_v set_v certain_a antique_a image_n and_o roman_a inscription_n for_o the_o proof_n of_o their_o antiquity_n which_o now_o by_o age_n be_v so_o eat_v into_o and_o wear_v that_o they_o can_v hardly_o be_v read_v and_o that_o nothing_o may_v be_v want_v to_o the_o state_n and_o dignity_n of_o bath_n some_o noble_a man_n it_o have_v honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n for_o we_o read_v that_o philibert_n of_o chandew_n descend_v out_o of_o bretaigne_n in_o france_n be_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o style_v with_o this_o honour_n afterward_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o bath_n in_o the_o 28._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n create_v john_n bourcher_n lord_n fitzwarin_n earl_n of_o bath_n who_o die_v short_o after_o leave_v by_o his_o wife_n the_o sister_n of_o h._n daubeney_n earl_n of_o bridge-water_n 8._o john_n second_o earl_n of_o this_o family_n who_o by_o the_o daughter_n of_o george_n lord_n roos_n have_v john_n lord_n fitzwarin_a who_o decease_v before_o his_o father_n have_v by_o fr._n the_o daughter_n of_o s._n thomas_n kitson_n of_o hengrave_n william_n now_o three_o earl_n of_o bath_n who_o endeavour_v to_o beautify_v and_o adorn_v his_o nobility_n of_o birth_n with_o commendable_a study_n of_o good_a letter_n the_o longitude_n of_o this_o city_n be_v according_a to_o geographer_n measure_v 20._o degree_n and_o 16._o minute_n but_o the_o latitude_n 51._o degree_n and_o 21._o minute_n and_o now_o for_o a_o farewell_n lo_o here_o necham_n verse_n such_o as_o they_o be_v of_o these_o hot_a water_n at_o bath_n who_o live_v 400._o year_n since_o bathoniae_fw-la thermas_fw-la vix_fw-la praefero_fw-la virgilianas_n confecto_fw-la prosunt_fw-la balnea_fw-la nostra_fw-la seni_fw-la prosunt_fw-la attritis_fw-la collisis_fw-la invalidisque_fw-la et_fw-la quorum_fw-la morbis_fw-la frigida_fw-la causa_fw-la subest_fw-la praevenit_fw-la humanum_fw-la stabilis_fw-la natura_fw-la laborem_fw-la seruit_fw-la naturae_fw-la legibus_fw-la artis_fw-la opus_fw-la igne_fw-la svo_fw-la succensa_fw-la quibus_fw-la data_fw-la balnea_fw-la fervent_a aenea_fw-la subter_fw-la aquas_fw-la vasa_fw-la latere_fw-la putant_fw-la errorem_fw-la figmenta_fw-la solent_fw-la inducere_fw-la passim_fw-la sed_fw-la quid_fw-la sulphureum_fw-la novimus_fw-la esse_fw-la locum_fw-la our_o bath_n at_o bath_n with_o virgil_n to_o compare_v for_o their_o effect_n i_o dare_v almost_o be_v bold_a for_o feeble_a folk_n and_o crazy_a good_a they_o be_v for_o bruise_v consume_v far-spent_a and_o very_o old_a for_o those_o likewise_o who_o sickness_n come_v of_o cold_a nature_n prevent_v the_o painful_a skill_n of_o man_n art_n work_v again_o help_v nature_n what_o it_o can_v man_n think_v these_o bath_n of_o we_o be_v make_v thus_o hot_a by_o reason_n of_o some_o secret_a force_n of_o fire_n which_o under_o they_o as_o under_o brazen_a pot_n make_v more_o or_o less_o as_o reason_n do_v require_v the_o water_n boil_v and_o walm_n to_o our_o desire_n such_o fancy_n vain_a use_v error_n forth_o to_o bring_v but_o what_o we_o know_v from_o brimstone_n vein_n they_o spring_v have_v here_o also_o if_o you_o list_v to_o read_v they_o two_o ancient_a inscription_n very_o late_o dig_v up_o near_o the_o city_n in_o waldcot_n field_n hard_o by_o the_o king_n high_a way_n side_n which_o robert_z chambers_z a_o studious_a lover_n of_o antiquity_n have_v translate_v into_o his_o garden_n from_o whence_o i_o copy_v they_o out_o g._n murrius_n c._n f._n arnien_n sis_n foro_fw-la juli._n modestus_n mil._n leg_n ii_o adjutric_n ad._n piae_fw-la p._n foelicis_fw-la f._n juli._n secund_n an._n xxv_o stipend_n situs_fw-la h._n s._n e._n dis_n manibus_n m._n valerius_n m._n pol._n eatinus_n equitum_fw-la c._n eq_n miles_n leg_n aug._n an._n xxx_o stipend_n x._o h._n s._n e._n i_o have_v see_v these_o antiquity_n also_o fasten_v in_o the_o wall_n on_o the_o inside_n between_o the_o north_n and_o west_n gate_n to_o wit_n hercules_n bear_v his_o left_a hand_n aloft_o with_o a_o club_n in_o his_o right_a hand_n in_o the_o fragment_n of_o a_o stone_n in_o great_a and_o fair_a letter_n decurioni_fw-la dec_n coloniae_fw-la gloucester_n gleu._n vixit_fw-la an._n lxxxvi_o then_o leave_v fold_v in_o hercules_n strein_v two_o snake_n and_o in_o a_o grave_n or_o sepulcher-table_n between_o two_o little_a image_n of_o which_o the_o one_o hold_v the_o horn_n of_o amalthaea_n in_o a_o worse_a character_n which_o can_v easy_o be_v read_v d._n m._n ghost_n succ_n petroniae_fw-la vixit_fw-la ann._n four_o month_n m._n four_o day_n d._n xv._n epo_n muluset_fw-la victisirana_n charissâ—maefecerunt_fw-la fil._n kar._n fec_n a_o little_a beneath_o in_o the_o fragment_n of_o a_o stone_n in_o great_a letter_n urn_n jop_n between_o the_o west_n and_o
under_o which_o between_o the_o confluence_n of_o avon_n and_o frome_n there_o be_v a_o plain_a beset_v round_o about_o with_o tree_n yield_v a_o most_o pleasant_a walk_a place_n southeast_n where_o no_o river_n be_v to_o guard_v it_o robert_z the_o base_a son_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o who_o they_o common_o name_v robert_n rufus_n and_o consul_n of_o gloucester_n because_o he_o be_v earl_n of_o gloucester_n build_v a_o large_a and_o strong_a castle_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o this_o city_n and_o of_o a_o pious_a and_o devout_a affection_n appoint_v every_o ten_o stone_n to_o the_o build_n of_o a_o chapel_n near_o unto_o the_o priory_n of_o s._n james_n which_o he_o likewise_o found_v by_o the_o city_n side_n this_o robert_n have_v to_o wife_n mabile_fw-la the_o only_a daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o robert_n fitz-hamon_n who_o hold_v this_o town_n by_o vassalage_n in_o capite_fw-la of_o king_n william_n conqueror_n this_o castle_n be_v scarce_o build_v when_o king_n stephen_n besiege_v it_o but_o with_o lose_a labour_n for_o he_o be_v compel_v to_o raise_v his_o siege_n and_o depart_v and_o a_o few_o year_n after_o be_v imprison_v in_o the_o same_o giving_z thereby_o a_o testimony_n and_o proof_n how_o uncertain_a the_o chance_n of_o war_n be_v beyond_o the_o river_n frome_n which_o have_v a_o bridge_n over_o it_o at_o frome-gate_n there_o rise_v a_o high_a hill_n with_o a_o steep_a and_o crooked_a ascent_n so_o as_o it_o be_v painful_a to_o go_v up_o unto_o it_o from_o whence_o you_o have_v a_o most_o fair_a and_o goodly_a prospect_n to_o the_o city_n and_o haven_n underneath_o this_o hill_n in_o the_o very_a top_n and_o pitch_v thereof_o spread_v present_o into_o a_o large_a green_a and_o even_o plain_a which_o in_o the_o midst_n be_v shadow_v with_o a_o double_a row_n and_o course_n of_o tree_n and_o among_o they_o stand_v a_o pulpit_n of_o stone_n and_o a_o chapel_n wherein_o by_o report_n lie_v inter_v jordan_n the_o companion_n of_o augustine_n the_o englishman_n apostle_n now_o it_o be_v convert_v to_o a_o school_n and_o on_o both_o side_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o neat_a and_o fine_a house_n of_o private_a man_n beautify_v it_o be_v with_o public_a and_o stately_a building_n of_o the_o one_o side_n be_v a_o collegiate_n church_n call_v gaunt_v of_o the_o founder_n one_o henry_n gaunt_n knight_n who_o relinquish_a the_o world_n in_o this_o place_n betake_v himself_o to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n but_o now_o through_o the_o bounty_n of_o thomas_n carr_n a_o wealthy_a citizen_n convert_v to_o the_o keep_n of_o orphan_n on_o the_o other_o side_n direct_o over_o against_o it_o stand_v two_o church_n dedicate_v to_o s._n augustine_n the_o one_o which_o be_v the_o less_o a_o parish-church_n the_o other_o that_o be_v great_a the_o bishop_n cathedral_n church_n endow_v with_o six_o prebendary_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o the_o great_a part_n whereof_o be_v now_o destroy_v where_o the_o colledge-gate_n workmanly_o build_v carry_v in_o the_o front_n this_o inscription_n rex_fw-la henricus_fw-la ii_o et_fw-la dominus_n robertus_n filius_n hardingi_n filii_fw-la regis_fw-la daciae_fw-la hvius_fw-la monasterii_fw-la primi_fw-la fundatores_fw-la extiterunt_fw-la that_o be_v king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o lord_n robert_n the_o son_n of_o harding_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n son_n be_v the_o first_o founder_n of_o of_o this_o monastery_n this_o robert_n barkley_n call_v by_o the_o norman_n fitz-harding_n descend_v of_o the_o blood_n royal_a of_o denmark_n be_v a_o alderman_n of_o bristol_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o so_o entire_o belove_v that_o by_o his_o mean_n maurice_n his_o son_n marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o barkley_n whereby_o his_o posterity_n who_o flourish_v in_o great_a honour_n be_v unto_o this_o day_n call_v baron_n of_o barkley_n and_o some_o of_o they_o have_v be_v bury_v in_o this_o church_n from_o hence_o as_o avon_n hold_v on_o his_o course_n there_o be_v on_o each_o side_n very_o high_a cliff_n by_o nature_n set_v there_o as_o it_o be_v of_o purpose_n the_o one_o of_o they_o which_o on_o the_o east-side_n overlook_v the_o river_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o s._n vincents_n rock_n so_o full_a of_o diamond_n that_o a_o man_n may_v fill_v whole_a strike_v or_o bushel_n of_o they_o these_o be_v not_o so_o much_o set_v by_o because_o they_o be_v so_o plenteous_a for_o in_o bright_a and_o transparent_a colour_n they_o match_v the_o indian_a diamond_n if_o they_o pass_v they_o not_o in_o hardness_n only_o they_o be_v inferior_a to_o they_o but_o in_o that_o nature_n herself_o have_v frame_v they_o point_v with_o six_o corner_a or_o four_o corner_a smooth_a side_n i_o think_v they_o therefore_o worthy_a to_o be_v have_v in_o great_a admiration_n the_o other_o rock_n also_o on_o the_o westside_n be_v likewise_o full_a of_o diamond_n which_o by_o the_o wonderful_a skill_n and_o work_v of_o nature_n be_v enclose_v as_o young_a one_o within_o the_o bowel_n of_o hollow_a and_o red_a flint_n for_o here_o be_v the_o earth_n of_o a_o red_a colour_n when_o avon_n have_v leave_v these_o rock_n behind_o he_o with_o full_a channel_n at_o length_n he_o disengorge_v himself_o into_o the_o severn-sea_n then_o remain_v now_o to_o reckon_v up_o the_o earl_n and_o duke_n of_o this_o county_n somerset_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o somerset_n by_o tradition_n be_v william_n the_o mâ—hun_v or_o moion_n who_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v the_o very_a same_o who_o maude_n the_o empress_n in_o a_o charter_n whereby_o she_o create_v william_n de_fw-fr mandevill_n earl_n of_o essex_n take_v as_o a_o witness_n under_o this_o name_n come_v w._n de_fw-fr moion_n neither_o from_o that_o time_n meet_v we_o with_o any_o express_a and_o apparent_a mention_n of_o earl_n of_o somerset_n tertii_fw-la unless_o it_o be_v in_o these_o letter_n patent_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o unto_o peter_n de_fw-fr lacu_fw-la mawley_n which_o that_o i_o may_v draw_v out_o the_o judgement_n of_o other_o i_o will_v here_o set_v down_o literal_o know_v you_o that_o we_o have_v receive_v the_o homage_n of_o our_o well_o belove_a uncle_n william_n earl_n of_o sarisbury_n for_o all_o the_o land_n that_o he_o hold_v of_o we_o &_o principal_o for_o the_o comitatu_fw-la county_n or_o earledom_n of_o somerset_n which_o we_o have_v give_v unto_o he_o with_o all_o appurtenance_n for_o his_o homage_n and_o service_n save_v the_o royalty_n to_o ourselves_o and_o therefore_o we_o will_v &_o command_v you_o that_o you_o see_v he_o have_v full_a sesine_fw-la of_o the_o foresay_a earldom_n and_o all_o the_o appurtinance_n thereto_o and_o that_o you_o intermeddle_v not_o in_o any_o thing_n from_o henceforth_o as_o touch_v the_o county_n or_o earldom_n aforesaid_a etc._n etc._n and_o commandment_n be_v give_v to_o all_o earl_n baron_n knight_n and_o freeholder_n of_o the_o county_n of_o somerset_n that_o unto_o the_o same_o earl_n they_o do_v fealty_n and_o homage_n save_v their_o faith_n and_o allegiance_n unto_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o that_o from_o henceforth_o they_o be_v intentive_a and_o answerable_a unto_o he_o as_o their_o lord_n whether_o by_o these_o word_n in_o the_o patent_n he_o be_v earl_n of_o somerset_n as_o also_o of_o denshire_n for_o of_o the_o same_o william_n he_o write_v likewise_o in_o the_o very_a same_o word_n unto_o robert_n de_fw-fr courtney_n i_o leave_v for_o other_o man_n to_o judge_v under_o this_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o as_o we_o find_v in_o a_o book_n write_v in_o french_a which_o pertain_v to_o the_o house_n of_o the_o mohun_v knight_n it_o be_v record_v that_o pope_n innocentius_n in_o a_o solemn_a feast_n ordain_v reginald_n mohun_n earl_n the_o est_n that_o be_v as_o the_o author_n do_v interpret_v it_o of_o somerset_n by_o deliver_v unto_o he_o a_o golden_a consecrate_a rose_n and_o a_o yearly_a pension_n to_o be_v pay_v upon_o the_o high_a altar_n of_o s._n paul_n in_o london_n so_o that_o this_o reginald_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v be_v not_o proper_o a_o earl_n but_o a_o apostolical_a earl_n apostlicall_a for_o so_o be_v they_o term_v in_o those_o day_n who_o have_v their_o creation_n from_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n like_a as_o they_o be_v call_v earl_n imperial_a who_o the_o emperor_n invest_v and_o such_o have_v power_n to_o institute_v notary_n and_o scribe_n to_o legitimate_a such_o as_o be_v base_a bear_v etc._n etc._n under_o certain_a condition_n a_o long_a time_n after_o john_n de_fw-fr beaufort_n the_o base_a son_n of_o john_n of_o gaunt_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n by_o katherine_n swineford_n be_v make_v legitimate_a by_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o dorset_n together_o with_o his_o brethren_n and_o sister_n with_o consent_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o earl_n of_o somerset_n and_o afterward_o create_v marquesse_n dorset_n but_o soon_o after_o
in_o the_o north_n side_n to_o the_o river_n tamis_n king_n offa_n usurp_v and_o seize_v into_o his_o own_o hand_n near_o unto_o it_o northwest_o lie_v lee_n which_o by_o the_o daughter_n of_o a_o certain_a worshipful_a knight_n surname_v thereupon_o de_fw-fr lee_n fall_v to_o the_o family_n of_o besiles_n and_o thereof_o it_o come_v to_o be_v call_v besiles_n lee_n and_o from_o that_o house_n in_o right_a of_o marriage_n to_o richard_n fetiplace_n fetiplace_n who_o progenitor_n thomas_n bring_v some_o honour_n to_o his_o posterity_n by_o match_v with_o beatrice_n the_o base_a daughter_n of_o john_n the_o first_o king_n of_o portugal_n and_o widow_n to_o gilbert_n lord_n talbot_n of_o who_o they_o be_v descend_v but_o now_o let_v we_o return_v hard_o by_o abendon_n ocke_v a_o little_a river_n that_o run_v by_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o town_n over_o which_o in_o time_n past_a sir_n john_n of_o saint_n helenes_n knight_n build_v a_o bridge_n gentle_o fall_v into_o ouse_n isis_n this_o ocke_n spring_v in_o that_o vale_n of_o whitehorse_n scarce_o a_o mile_n or_o two_o from_o kingston-lisle_n in_o old_a time_n the_o possession_n of_o warin_n de_fw-fr insulâ_fw-la or_o lisle_n a_o noble_a baron_n lisle_n from_o who_o when_o as_o sir_n john_n talbot_n the_o young_a son_n of_o that_o renown_a warrior_n john_n earl_n of_o shrewsburie_n be_v descend_v by_o his_o mother_n he_o be_v create_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o lord_n lisle_n like_a as_o warin_fw-mi de_fw-fr insula_fw-la in_o time_n pass_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o possession_n of_o this_o place_n as_o if_o that_o dignity_n be_v annex_v thereto_o and_o afterward_o viscount_n lisle_n by_o a_o patent_n without_o any_o such_o regard_n this_o title_n through_o the_o gracious_a favour_n of_o king_n flourish_v still_o in_o his_o posterity_n one_o after_o another_o successive_o shrewsbury_n for_o brief_o to_o knit_v up_o their_o succession_n when_o sir_n thomas_n talbot_n son_n of_o the_o say_v john_n depart_v this_o life_n without_o issue_n be_v deadly_o shoot_v into_o the_o mouth_n with_o a_o arrow_n in_o a_o skirmish_n defend_v his_o possession_n against_o the_o lord_n barkley_n sir_n edward_z grey_z who_o have_v marry_v his_o sister_n receive_v the_o same_o at_o the_o hand_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o three_o and_o leave_v it_o to_o john_n his_o son_n and_o successor_n who_o only_a daughter_n and_o heir_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o assure_v to_o sir_n charles_n brandon_n and_o thereupon_o create_v he_o viscount_n lisle_n but_o when_o as_o she_o die_v in_o tender_a year_n before_o the_o marriage_n be_v solemnize_v he_o also_o relinquish_v that_o title_n which_o king_n henry_n afterward_o bestow_v upon_o sir_n arthur_n plantagenet_n base_a son_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o who_o have_v wed_v elizabeth_n sister_n to_o sir_n john_n grey_n viscount_n lisle_n and_o widow_n of_o edmund_n dudley_n and_o when_o he_o decease_v without_o heir_n male_a the_o say_a king_n honour_v therewith_o sir_n john_n dudley_n son_n of_o edmund_n by_o the_o same_o elizabeth_n grey_n who_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o be_v create_v duke_n of_o northumberland_n and_o afterward_o attaint_v by_o queen_n marie_n his_o son_n sir_n ambrose_n dudley_n be_v restore_v in_o blood_n be_v by_o queen_n elizabeth_n on_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o day_n create_v lord_n lisle_n and_o earl_n of_o warwick_n who_o end_v his_o life_n issueless_a and_o now_o late_o sir_n robert_n sidney_n his_o sister_n son_n be_v honour_v with_o the_o stile_n of_o vicoun_n lisle_n by_o king_n james_n who_o have_v before_o create_v he_o be_v chamberlain_n to_o the_o queen_n his_o wife_n baron_n sidney_n of_o pensherst_n then_o run_v the_o river_n ocke_v aforesaid_a between_o pusey_n which_o they_o that_o be_v name_v the_o pusey_n hold_v it_o yet_o by_o the_o horn_n from_o their_o ancestor_n as_o give_v unto_o they_o in_o ancient_a time_n by_o k._n canutus_n the_o dane_n denchworth_n and_o the_o two_o dencheworth_n the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o where_o flourish_v for_o a_o long_a time_n two_o noble_a and_o ancient_a house_n to_o wit_n the_o hide_n at_o the_o one_o and_o fetiplace_v at_o the_o other_o which_o family_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v spring_v out_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o stock_n consider_v they_o both_o bear_v one_o and_o the_o same_o coat_n of_o arm_n then_o entertain_v ock_v a_o nameless_a river_n which_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o same_o vale_n at_o wantage_n call_v in_o the_o english_a saxon_a tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d where_o some_o time_n there_o be_v a_o manor_n house_n of_o the_o king_n wantage_n and_o the_o place_n wherein_o aelfred_n that_o most_o noble_a and_o renown_a king_n be_v bear_v and_o breed_v which_o at_o his_o death_n he_o bequeath_v to_o alfrith_n long_o time_n after_o it_o become_v a_o mercate_z town_n by_o the_o mean_n and_o help_n of_o sir_n fulke_n fitzwarin_n that_o most_o warlike_a knight_n fitzwarin_n upon_o who_o roger_n bigod_n mareschall_n of_o england_n have_v bestow_v it_o for_o his_o martial_a prowess_n and_o at_o this_o day_n it_o acknowledge_v for_o lord_n thereof_o the_o bourchier_n earl_n of_o bath_n descend_v from_o the_o race_n of_o the_o fitzwarin_n of_o who_o family_n some_o be_v here_o bury_v isis_n be_v depart_v once_o from_o abbendon_n straight_o way_n receive_v into_o it_o out_o of_o oxfordshire_n the_o river_n tame_n of_o which_o elsewhere_o and_o now_o by_o a_o compound_n word_n be_v call_v tamisis_n sinodum_fw-la first_o direct_v his_o course_n to_o sinodun_fw-la a_o high_a hill_n and_o fence_v with_o a_o deep_a trench_n be_v stand_v for_o certain_a in_o old_a time_n a_o fortress_n of_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o ground_n be_v now_o break_v up_o with_o the_o plough_n yield_v otherwhiles_o to_o the_o ploughman_n store_n of_o roman_a piece_n of_o coin_n as_o token_n of_o antiquity_n under_o it_o at_o bretwell_n there_o be_v a_o castle_n if_o it_o be_v not_o that_o upon_o this_o hill_n which_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o win_v by_o force_n montensis_fw-la a_o little_a before_o that_o he_o make_v peace_n with_o king_n stephen_n from_o hence_o tamis_n hold_v on_o his_o way_n to_o the_o chief_a city_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o the_o attrebatian_o which_o antonius_n term_v galleva_n of_o attrebat_n ptolomee_o galeva_n but_o both_o of_o they_o through_o the_o carelessnesse_n of_o the_o scrivener_n name_n it_o wrong_n for_o gallena_n and_o they_o likewise_o in_o their_o greek_a copy_n have_v thrust_v upon_o we_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o gallena_n by_o transposition_n of_o letter_n gallena_n i_o have_v think_v it_o be_v so_o name_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n as_o it_o be_v guall_a hen_n that_o be_v the_o old_a rampire_n or_o fort_n which_o name_n be_v still_o keep_v and_o ford_n add_v thereto_o wallengfor_n which_o be_v a_o shallow_a place_n in_o the_o river_n the_o englishman_n in_o old_a time_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o we_o at_o this_o day_n short_a wallengford_n in_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n time_n it_o be_v count_v a_o burgh_n and_o contain_v as_o we_o find_v in_o that_o book_n wherein_o k._n william_n the_o first_a book_n take_v the_o survey_n of_o all_o england_n two_o hundred_o threescore_o and_o sixteen_o hages_n that_o be_v to_o say_v house_n yield_v nine_o pound_n de_fw-fr gablo_fw-mi and_o those_o that_o dwell_v there_o do_v the_o king_n service_n on_o horseback_n or_o by_o water_n of_o those_o hages_n eight_o be_v destroy_v for_o the_o castle_n in_o old_a time_n it_o be_v compass_v about_o with_o wall_n which_o as_o man_n may_v see_v by_o their_o tract_n take_v up_o a_o mile_n in_o circuit_n it_o have_v a_o castle_n situate_a upon_o the_o river_n very_o large_a i_o assure_v you_o and_o stately_a so_o fortitify_v in_o time_n past_a that_o the_o hope_n in_o it_o as_o impregnable_a and_o invincible_a make_v divers_a overbold_a and_o stout_a for_o when_o england_n burn_v as_o a_o man_n may_v say_v in_o a_o general_a flame_n of_o war_n we_o read_v that_o it_o be_v by_o king_n stephen_n belay_v once_o or_o twice_o with_o siege_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a the_o greatness_n and_o magnificence_n thereof_o i_o much_o wonder_v at_o when_o i_o be_v young_a and_o remove_v thither_o from_o oxford_n for_o a_o place_n it_o be_v now_o for_o the_o student_n there_o of_o christ_n church_n to_o retire_v unto_o as_o have_v a_o double_a range_n of_o wall_n about_o it_o and_o be_v compass_v round_o likewise_o with_o a_o duple_n rampire_n and_o ditch_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o there_o stand_v a_o tower_n to_o keep_v raise_v upon_o a_o mighty_a high_a mount_n in_o the_o steep_a ascent_n whereof_o by_o step_n we_o see_v a_o well_o of_o a_o exceed_a depth_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v very_o persuade_v that_o it_o
be_v build_v by_o the_o dane_n but_o i_o shall_v rather_o judge_v that_o something_o be_v here_o erect_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o afterward_o raze_v by_o saxon_n and_o dane_n what_o time_n as_o sueno_n the_o dane_n range_v and_o rove_a this_o way_n spoil_v and_o harry_v the_o country_n that_o it_o be_v at_o length_n re-edify_v under_o king_n william_n the_o first_o we_o know_v assure_o by_o domesday_n book_n see_v that_o it_o yield_v record_v as_o even_o now_o i_o note_v of_o eight_o hages_n or_o house_n destroy_v for_o the_o castle_n yet_o william_n gemeticensis_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o this_o castle_n when_o he_o write_v that_o william_n of_o normandy_n have_v defeat_v harold_n lead_v his_o army_n forthwith_o to_o this_o city_n so_o he_o term_v it_o and_o after_o he_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o tamis_n at_o the_o ford_n pitch_v his_o tent_n here_o before_o he_o come_v to_o london_n at_o which_o time_n wigod_n a_o englishman_n be_v lord_n of_o wallengford_n who_o have_v one_o only_a daughter_n give_v in_o marriage_n to_o robert_n d'oyley_n wallengford_n of_o who_o he_o beget_v maud_n his_o sole_a heir_n first_o wed_v to_o miles_n crispin_n and_o after_o his_o death_n through_o the_o goodness_n and_o favour_n of_o k._n henry_n the_o first_o marry_v unto_o brient_n call_v fitz_n count_n who_o be_v bring_v up_o in_o warlike_a feat_n coâ—itis_fw-la and_o take_v part_n with_o mawde_z the_o empress_n most_o manful_o defend_v this_o castle_n against_o king_n stephen_n who_o have_v raise_v a_o fort_n just_o over_o against_o it_o at_o craumesh_n and_o he_o make_v it_o good_a until_o that_o peace_n so_o much_o wish_v of_o all_o england_n be_v conclude_v in_o this_o place_n and_o that_o most_o grievous_a dissension_n about_o the_o crown_n between_o k._n stephen_n and_o henry_n the_o second_o end_v for_o then_o the_o love_n of_o god_n take_v such_o place_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o say_v brient_n and_o his_o wife_n that_o they_o cast_v of_o this_o frail_a and_o transitory_a world_n and_o devote_a themselves_o in_o religious_a life_n unto_o christ_n so_o be_v this_o honour_n of_o wallengford_n escheat_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n which_o appear_v out_o of_o a_o old_a inquisition_n in_o the_o exchequer_n by_o these_o word_n to_o his_o most_o belove_a lord_n exchequer_n the_o king_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n his_o justice_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n the_o constable_n of_o wallengford_n send_v greeting_n know_v you_o that_o i_o have_v make_v diligent_a enquiry_n by_o the_o knight_n of_o my_o bayliwicke_n according_a to_o a_o commandment_n of_o my_o lord_n the_o king_n direct_v unto_o i_o by_o the_o sheriff_n and_o of_o the_o inquisition_n thus_o make_v this_o be_v the_o sum_n wigod_n of_o wallengford_n hold_v the_o honour_n of_o wallengford_n in_o king_n harold_n time_n and_o afterward_o in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n william_n the_o first_o he_o have_v by_o his_o wife_n a_o certain_a daughter_n who_o he_o give_v in_o marriage_n to_o robert_n d'oy_o this_o robert_n beget_v of_o she_o a_o daughter_n name_v maud_n who_o be_v his_o heir_n miles_n crispin_n espouse_v she_o and_o have_v with_o she_o the_o honour_n aforesaid_a of_o wallengford_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o miles_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n henry_n the_o first_o bestow_v the_o aforesaid_a maud_n upon_o brient_n fitz_n count_n who_o both_o take_v themselves_o to_o a_o religious_a life_n and_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o seize_v the_o honour_n into_o his_o hand_n etc._n etc._n yet_o afterward_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o then_o to_o richard_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n who_o repair_v it_o and_o unto_o his_o son_n edmond_n who_o within_o the_o inner_a court_n found_v a_o collegiate_n chapel_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n it_o fall_v again_o to_o the_o crown_n and_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o cornwall_n since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v by_o little_a and_o little_o decay_v and_o very_o about_o the_o time_n when_o that_o most_o mortal_a plague_n which_o follow_v the_o conjunction_n of_o saturn_n and_o mars_n in_o capricorn_n reign_v hot_o throughout_o all_o europe_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1348._o this_o town_n be_v so_o dispeople_v by_o reason_n of_o continual_a mortality_n there_o pestilence_n that_o whereas_o before_o time_n it_o be_v pass_v well_o inhabit_a and_o have_v twelve_o church_n in_o it_o it_o can_v show_v now_o no_o more_o than_o one_o or_o two_o but_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o desolation_n the_o inhabitant_n lay_v rather_o upon_o the_o bridge_n of_o abbindon_n and_o dorchester_n whereby_o london_n portway_o be_v turn_v from_o thence_o moulesford_n from_o hence_o southward_o the_o tamis_n pass_v most_o mild_o between_o very_o rich_a and_o fertile_a field_n on_o both_o side_n by_o moulesford_n which_o k._n henry_n the_o first_o give_v unto_o girald_n fitz-walter_n carew_n from_o whence_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o carewe_n be_v descend_v to_o this_o house_n much_o land_n honour_n and_o reputation_n accrue_v in_o ireland_n by_o descent_n and_o in_o england_n by_o match_v in_o marriage_n with_o right_a noble_a family_n of_o the_o mohun_v dinhams_n and_o other_o aldworth_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o be_v aldworth_n where_o be_v certain_a tomb_n and_o portraiture_n big_a than_o the_o ordinary_a proportion_n of_o man_n which_o thereupon_o the_o unlearned_a multitude_n keep_v a_o wonder_v at_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v giant_n whereas_o indeed_o they_o be_v but_o of_o certain_a knight_n of_o the_o family_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr beche_n which_o here_o have_v a_o castle_n and_o be_v think_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o to_o have_v be_v extinguish_v for_o default_n of_o issue_n male_a and_o now_o at_o length_n tamis_n meet_v with_o kenet_n which_o river_n hungerford_n as_o i_o say_v erewhile_o water_v the_o south_n part_n of_o this_o shire_n at_o his_o first_o entry_n when_o he_o have_v leave_v wiltshire_n behind_o he_o run_v under_o hungerford_n name_v in_o old_a time_n ingleford_n charnam-street_n hungerford_n a_o very_a small_a town_n and_o seat_v in_o a_o moist_a place_n howbeit_o it_o have_v give_v name_n and_o title_n to_o the_o honourable_a family_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o hungerford_n which_o be_v first_o raise_v to_o greatness_n by_o walter_n hungerford_n who_o under_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o be_v seneschal_n or_o steward_n of_o the_o king_n house_n be_v for_o his_o warlike_a prowess_n liberal_o reward_v by_o the_o say_a king_n and_o enfeoff_v in_o the_o castle_n and_o barony_n of_o homet_n in_o normandy_n to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v unto_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n male_n by_o homage_n and_o service_n to_o find_v the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n at_o the_o castle_n of_o rouen_n one_o lance_n with_o a_o fox_n tail_n hang_v down_o thereat_o which_o pleasant_a conceit_n i_o think_v not_o a_o miss_n to_o insert_v here_o among_o serious_a matter_n the_o same_o walter_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o be_v high_a treasurer_n of_o england_n and_o create_v withal_o baron_n hungerford_n as_o well_o by_o his_o singular_a wisdom_n as_o his_o marriage_n mith_o katherine_n peverell_n descend_v from_o the_o moel_n and_o courtney_n mighty_o augment_v his_o state_n his_o son_n robert_n who_o wed_v the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o lord_n botereaux_n enrich_v the_o same_o house_n very_o much_o sir_n robert_z likewise_o his_o son_n who_o match_v with_o eleanor_n the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o william_n molines_n whereupon_o he_o be_v summon_v among_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o the_o name_n of_o lord_n molines_n and_o during_o the_o civil_a war_n between_o the_o two_o house_n of_o lancaster_n and_o york_n be_v behead_v at_o newcastle_n advance_v the_o name_n not_o a_o little_a his_o son_n thomas_n slay_v at_o salisbury_n while_o his_o father_n be_v live_v leave_v his_o only_a daughter_n name_v marie_n who_o edward_n lord_n hastings_n take_v to_o wife_n with_o a_o great_a and_o rich_a inheritance_n but_o walter_n brother_n to_o the_o say_v thomas_n beget_v edward_n hungerford_n father_n of_o that_o walter_n who_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o create_v baron_n hungerford_n of_o heitesbury_n and_o condemn_v he_o afterward_o for_o a_o crime_n not_o to_o be_v speak_v of_o widehay_n howbeit_o queen_n marie_n restore_v his_o child_n unto_o all_o his_o estate_n save_v only_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o baron_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o southward_o be_v widehay_n the_o seat_n for_o a_o long_a time_n of_o the_o baron_n amand._n saint_n amand_n who_o inheritance_n gerard_n braybrooke_n enter_v upon_o in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n who_o elder_a niece_n by_o his_o son_n gerard_n name_v elizabeth_n by_o her_o marriage_n bring_v the_o same_o unto_o william_n de_fw-fr beauchamp_n who_o be_v summon_v to_o
form_n of_o word_n make_v a_o grant_n unto_o the_o monk_n of_o westminster_n to_o the_o praise_n of_o almighty_a god_n i_o have_v grant_v as_o a_o endowment_n and_o a_o perpetual_a inheritance_n to_o the_o use_n and_o behoof_n of_o those_o that_o serve_v the_o lord_n windle-shore_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n and_o i_o have_v read_v nothing_o more_o ancient_a concern_v windsor_n but_o the_o monk_n have_v not_o long_o hold_v it_o in_o possession_n when_o william_n of_o normandy_n by_o make_v a_o exchange_n draw_v it_o back_o to_o himself_o for_o in_o this_o tenure_n go_v his_o charter_n with_o the_o consent_n and_o favour_n of_o the_o venerable_a abbot_n of_o westminster_n i_o have_v make_v a_o composition_n for_o windlesor_n to_o be_v the_o king_n possession_n because_o that_o place_n seem_v profitable_a and_o commodious_a by_o reason_n of_o water_n hard_o adjoin_v to_o it_o and_o the_o wood_n fit_a for_o game_n &_o many_o other_o particular_n lie_v there_o meet_v &_o necessary_a for_o king_n yea_o and_o a_o place_n very_o convenient_a to_o receive_v and_o entertain_v the_o king_n in_o lieu_n whereof_o i_o have_v grant_v to_o the_o monk_n wokendune_n and_o fering_n sure_o a_o prince_n seat_n can_v light_o have_v a_o more_o pleasant_a site_n for_o from_o a_o high_a hill_n that_o rise_v with_o a_o gentle_a ascent_n it_o enjoy_v a_o most_o delightful_a prospect_n round_o about_o foreright_a in_o the_o front_n it_o overlook_v a_o vale_n lie_v out_o far_o and_o wide_a garnish_v with_o corne-field_n flourish_v green_a with_o meadow_n deck_v with_o grove_n on_o either_o side_n and_o water_v with_o the_o most_o mild_a and_o calm_a river_n tamis_n behind_o it_o arise_v hill_n every_o where_o neither_o rough_a nor_o over-high_a attire_v as_o it_o be_v with_o wood_n and_o even_o dedicate_v as_o one_o will_v say_v by_o nature_n to_o hunt_a game_n with_o the_o pleasantness_n of_o this_o place_n prince_n be_v allure_v very_o often_o to_o retire_v themselves_o hither_o and_o here_o be_v edward_n the_o three_o that_o most_o puissant_a king_n bear_v to_o conquer_v france_n garter_n who_o here_o build_v new_a out_o of_o the_o ground_n a_o most_o strong_a castle_n in_o bigness_n equal_a to_o a_o pretty_a city_n fortify_v with_o ditch_n and_o bulwark_n make_v of_o stone_n and_o forthwith_o after_o he_o have_v subdue_v the_o french_a and_o scot_n hold_v at_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o time_n john_n king_n of_o france_n and_o david_n king_n of_o scotland_n prisoner_n together_o in_o the_o same_o this_o castle_n be_v divide_v into_o court_n the_o inner_a more_o towards_o the_o east_n contain_v in_o it_o the_o king_n palace_n than_o which_o for_o the_o order_n and_o contrive_v there_o can_v be_v no_o building_n more_o lightsome_a nor_o more_o magnificent_a on_o the_o north_n side_n where_o it_o look_v down_o to_o the_o river_n q._n elizabeth_n adjoin_v a_o most_o pleasant_a terrace_n or_o open_a walk_a place_n the_o utter_a base_a court_n have_v at_o the_o very_a first_o entrance_n a_o most_o stately_a church_n consecrate_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o unto_o the_o bless_a virgin_n marie_n and_o to_o saint_n george_n of_o cappadocia_n but_o bring_v unto_o that_o sumptuous_a magnificence_n which_o now_o we_o see_v it_o carry_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o and_o sir_n reginald_n bray_n in_o this_o place_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o for_o to_o adorn_v martial_a prowess_n with_o honour_n the_o guerdon_n of_o virtue_n ordain_v that_o most_o noble_a order_n and_o society_n of_o knight_n who_o as_o some_o report_n for_o his_o own_o garter_n give_v forth_o as_o signal_n of_o a_o battle_n that_o speed_v fortunate_o he_o call_v knight_n of_o the_o garter_n who_o wear_v on_o their_o left_a leg_n somewhat_o under_o the_o knee_n a_o blue_a garter_n carry_v this_o impress_n wrought_v with_o golden_a letter_n in_o french_a honey_n soit_fw-fr qvi_fw-fr malypense_n and_o fasten_v the_o same_o with_o a_o buckle_v of_o gold_n as_o with_o the_o bond_n of_o a_o most_o inward_a society_n in_o token_n of_o concord_n and_o unity_n that_o there_o may_v be_v among_o they_o a_o certain_a consociation_n and_o communion_n of_o virtue_n think_v but_o other_o there_o be_v that_o do_v attribute_v it_o unto_o the_o garter_n of_o the_o queen_n or_o rather_o of_o joan_n countess_n of_o salisbury_n a_o lady_n of_o incomparable_a beauty_n which_o fall_v from_o she_o as_o she_o dance_v and_o the_o king_n take_v up_o from_o the_o floor_n for_o when_o a_o number_n of_o noble_n and_o gentle_a man_n stand_v by_o laugh_v thereat_o he_o make_v answer_v again_o that_o short_o it_o will_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o garter_n shall_v be_v in_o high_a honour_n and_o estimation_n this_o be_v the_o common_a and_o most_o receive_a report_n neither_o need_v this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o base_a original_n thereof_o consider_v how_o as_o one_o say_v nobilitas_fw-la sub_fw-la amore_fw-la iaceo_fw-la nobility_n lie_v under_o love_n there_o be_v also_o that_o will_v have_v the_o invention_n of_o this_o order_n to_o be_v much_o more_o ancient_a father_v it_o upon_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o and_o be_v very_o persuade_v that_o king_n edward_n at_o length_n bring_v it_o into_o use_n again_o but_o how_o true_o i_o know_v not_o yet_o in_o the_o very_a book_n of_o the_o first_o institution_n which_o william_n dethicke_n garter_n principal_a king_n of_o arm_n a_o gentleman_n most_o studious_a in_o all_o such_o thing_n as_o concern_v honour_n show_v unto_o i_o thus_o we_o read_v richardo_n cum_fw-la contra_fw-la turcas_fw-la &_o agarenos_n etc._n etc._n that_o be_v when_o k._n richard_n war_v upon_o the_o turk_n and_o saracen_n cypress_n and_o acon_n and_o be_v weary_a of_o so_o linger_a delay_n while_o the_o siege_n continue_v long_o in_o wonderful_a care_n &_o anxiety_n at_o length_n upon_o a_o divine_a inspiration_n by_o the_o come_n in_o &_o apparition_n as_o it_o be_v think_v of_o s._n george_n it_o come_v into_o his_o mind_n to_o draw_v upon_o the_o leg_n of_o certain_a choice_n knight_n of_o his_o a_o certain_a garter_n or_o tach_v of_o leather_n such_o only_a as_o he_o have_v then_o ready_a at_o hand_n whereby_o they_o be_v distinguish_v and_o put_v in_o mind_n of_o future_a glory_n promise_v unto_o they_o if_o they_o win_v the_o victory_n they_o may_v be_v stir_v up_o and_o provoke_v to_o perform_v their_o service_n brave_o and_o fight_v more_o valiant_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o have_v such_o variety_n of_o coronet_n wherewith_o military_a man_n for_o divers_a and_o sundry_a cause_n be_v reward_v according_o to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o these_o instigation_n as_o it_o be_v cowardice_n be_v shake_v of_o the_o valour_n of_o mind_n and_o courage_n of_o heart_n may_v arise_v and_o show_v itself_o more_o resolute_a but_o upon_o what_o occasion_n soever_o it_o begin_v the_o mighty_a prince_n of_o christendom_n repute_v it_o among_o their_o great_a honour_n to_o be_v choose_v and_o admit_v into_o this_o company_n and_o since_o the_o first_o institution_n thereof_o there_o have_v be_v already_o receive_v sovereign_n and_o enroll_v into_o this_o order_n which_o consist_v of_o six_o and_o twenty_o knight_n two_o and_o twenty_o king_n or_o thereabouts_o beside_o our_o king_n of_o england_n who_o be_v name_v sovereign_n thereof_o to_o speak_v nothing_o of_o duke_n and_o other_o of_o most_o high_a call_n very_o many_o and_o here_o i_o be_o willing_a to_o set_v down_o their_o name_n that_o be_v first_o choose_v into_o this_o order_n order_n and_o be_v common_o call_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o order_n for_o their_o renown_n be_v not_o to_o be_v abolish_v who_o in_o those_o day_n for_o stout_a courage_n and_o warlike_a prowess_n have_v few_o or_o no_o peer_n and_o be_v in_o that_o regard_n advance_v to_o this_o honour_n edward_n the_o three_o king_n of_o england_n edward_n his_o elder_a son_n prince_n of_o wales_n henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n thomas_n earl_n of_o warwick_n the_o capdall_n de_fw-fr buch._n ralph_n earl_n of_o stafford_n william_n de_fw-fr monteacute_n earl_n of_o sarisburie_n roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n sir_n john_n lisle_n sir_n bartholomew_n burgwash_n sir_n john_n beauchampe_n sir_n john_n mohun_n sir_n hugh_n courtney_n sir_n thomas_n holland_n sir_n john_n grey_n sir_n richard_n fitz_n simon_n sir_n miles_n stapleton_n sir_n thomas_n walle_n sir_n hugh_n wrothesley_n sir_n neel_n loring_n sir_n john_n chandos_n sir_n james_n awdeley_n sir_n oat_n holland_n sir_n henry_n eme._n sir_n zanchet_n d'brigecourt_n sir_n walter_n pave_o on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o church_n be_v the_o house_n of_o the_o custos_fw-la or_o deane_n and_o twelve_o prebendary_n on_o the_o right_a side_n stand_v a_o house_n not_o unlike_a to_o the_o grecian_n prytaneum_n wherein_o twelve_o aged_a military_a man_n gentleman_n bear_v be_v maintain_v who_o wear_v every_o day_n a_o red_a or_o scarlet_a
small_a trouble_n and_o labour_n about_o it_o and_o when_o he_o have_v hang_v all_o the_o rest_n that_o he_o find_v therein_o he_o send_v the_o wife_n and_o son_n of_o bartholomew_n aforesaid_a to_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n *_o thus_o medway_n have_v receive_v this_o rivelet_n from_o leeds_n fetch_v about_o through_o good_a ground_n run_v by_o allington_n sometime_o a_o castle_n now_o less_o than_o a_o castellet_n where_o sir_n t._n wyatt_n the_o elder_a a_o worthy_a learned_a knight_n re-edify_v a_o fair_a house_n now_o decay_v who_o son_n sr._n thomas_n enrich_v by_o a_o heir_n of_o sir_n t._n haut_fw-fr propose_v to_o himself_o great_a hope_n upon_o fair_a pretence_n pitiful_o overthrow_v himself_o &_o his_o state_n ailesford_n hence_o come_v medway_n to_o ailsford_n in_o the_o old_a english_a saxon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o h._n of_o huntingdon_n call_v elstre_n ninnius_n episford_n who_o have_v write_v that_o it_o be_v name_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n saissenaeg_n haibail_v of_o the_o saxon_n there_o vanquish_v like_a as_o other_o in_o the_o very_a same_o sense_n term_v it_o anglesford_n for_o guortemere_n the_o britain_n guortigern_v son_n do_v here_o set_v upon_o hengist_n and_o the_o english_a saxon_n who_o be_v disray_v and_o not_o able_a to_o abide_v a_o second_o charge_n he_o put_v all_o to_o flight_n so_o as_o they_o have_v be_v utter_o defeat_v for_o ever_o but_o that_o hengist_n skilful_a and_o provident_a to_o prevent_v and_o divert_v danger_n withdraw_v himself_o into_o the_o isle_n of_o tenet_n until_o that_o invincible_a vigour_n and_o heat_n of_o the_o britane_n be_v allay_v horsted_n and_o fresh_a supply_n come_v to_o his_o succour_n out_o of_o germany_n in_o this_o battle_n be_v slay_v the_o general_n of_o both_o side_n catigern_n the_o britain_n sepulchre_n and_o horsa_n the_o saxon_a of_o who_o the_o one_o bury_v at_o horsted_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o give_v name_n to_o the_o place_n and_o catigern_n honour_v with_o a_o stately_a and_o solemn_a funeral_n be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v inter_v near_o unto_o ailesford_n where_o under_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n i_o see_v four_o huge_a rude_a hard_a stone_n erect_v two_o for_o the_o side_n one_o transversall_a in_o the_o midst_n between_o they_o and_o the_o huge_a of_o all_o pile_v and_o lay_v over_o they_o in_o manner_n of_o the_o british_a monument_n which_o be_v call_v stone_n heng_v but_o not_o so_o artificial_o with_o mortis_fw-la and_o tenant_n very_o the_o unskilful_a common_a people_n term_v it_o at_o this_o day_n of_o the_o same_o catigern_n keith_n or_o kit_n coty_n house_n in_o ailsford_n itself_o for_o the_o religious_a house_n of_o the_o carmelites_n found_v by_o richard_n lord_n grey_n of_o codnor_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o be_v now_o see_v a_o fair_a habitation_n of_o sir_n william_n siddey_n a_o learned_a knight_n painful_o and_o expensful_o studious_a of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o his_o country_n as_o both_o his_o endow_v house_n for_o the_o poor_a and_o the_o bridge_n here_o with_o the_o common_a voice_n do_v plentiful_o testify_v boxley_n neither_o be_v boxley_n near_o adjoin_v to_o be_v pass_v over_o in_o silence_n where_o william_n de_fw-fr ipres_fw-fr in_o flaunders_n earl_n of_o kent_n found_v a_o abbey_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1145._o wrotham_n and_o translate_v thither_o the_o monk_n from_o clarevalle_n in_o burgundy_n medway_n have_v wind_v himself_o high_a from_o the_o east_n receive_v a_o brook_n spring_v near_o wrotham_n or_o wirtham_n malling_n so_o name_v for_o plenty_n of_o worte_n where_o the_o archbishop_n have_v a_o place_n until_o simon_n islep_n pull_v it_o down_o leave_v malling_n which_o grow_v to_o be_v a_o town_n after_o gundulph_n bishop_n of_o rochester_n have_v there_o found_v a_o abbey_n of_o nun_n leibourn_n and_o water_v leibourn_n which_o have_v a_o castle_n sometime_o the_o seat_n of_o a_o family_n thereof_o surname_v out_o of_o which_o sir_n roger_n leibourn_n be_v a_o great_a agent_n in_o the_o baron_n war_n say_n and_o william_n be_v a_o parliamentary_a baron_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o near_a neighbour_n to_o leibourn_n be_v bril_v now_o the_o habitation_n of_o the_o lord_n abergeveny_n in_o time_n past_a parcel_n of_o the_o barony_n of_o the_o maminot_n then_o of_o the_o say_v who_o inheritance_n at_o length_n by_o heir_n general_a come_v to_o the_o family_n of_o clinton_n fienes_n and_o aulton_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o medway_n eastward_o somewhat_o high_o after_o it_o have_v pass_v by_o halling_n where_o hamo_fw-la heath_n bishop_n of_o rochester_n build_v a_o house_n for_o his_o successor_n there_o stand_v a_o ancient_a city_n durobrevis_fw-la which_o antonine_n call_v duro_n brus_n duro-brivae_a and_o in_o another_o place_n more_o true_o duro_n provae_fw-la and_o duro_fw-la brovae_fw-la bede_n duro_fw-la brevis_fw-la roibis_fw-la and_o in_o the_o decline_a state_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n process_n of_o time_n contract_v his_o name_n so_o that_o it_o come_v to_o be_v name_v roibis_n and_o so_o by_o addition_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o come_v of_o the_o latin_a word_n castrum_n betoken_v among_o our_o ancestor_n a_o city_n or_o castle_n rochester_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o now_o with_o we_o more_o short_a rochester_n and_o in_o latin_a roffa_n of_o one_o rhufus_fw-la as_o bede_n guess_v but_o it_o seem_v unto_o i_o to_o retain_v in_o it_o somewhat_o still_o of_o that_o old_a name_n durobrevis_fw-la neither_o be_v there_o cause_n why_o any_o man_n shall_v doubt_v of_o the_o name_n see_v that_o by_o the_o account_n of_o journey_n or_o distance_n between_o place_n and_o bede_n authority_n it_o be_v name_v express_o in_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o cathedral_n church_n there_o durobrovis_n yet_o thus_o much_o i_o will_v advertise_v the_o reader_n that_o in_o the_o print_a book_n of_o bede_n it_o be_v read_v darueruum_fw-la whereas_o in_o the_o manuscript_n copy_n it_o be_v term_v durobrevis_fw-la seat_v it_o be_v in_o a_o bottom_n fortify_v on_o the_o one_o side_n with_o a_o marsh_n the_o river_n the_o weak_a wall_n and_o as_o william_n of_o malmesburie_n say_v pen_v within_o too_o straight_o a_o room_n whereupon_o in_o time_n past_o it_o be_v count_v a_o castle_n rather_o than_o a_o city_n for_o bede_n call_v it_o castellum_n cantuariorum_n that_o be_v the_o kentishman_n castle_n but_o now_o it_o stretch_v forth_o with_o large_a suburb_n on_o the_o west_n east_n and_o south_n side_n it_o have_v pass_v through_o no_o few_o danger_n and_o mischance_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 676._o it_o be_v overthrow_v and_o lay_v along_o by_o king_n aetheldred_n the_o mercian_n and_o many_o a_o time_n afterward_o sack_v by_o the_o dane_n aethelbert_n king_n of_o kent_n erect_v there_o a_o sumptuous_a church_n which_o also_o he_o make_v more_o famous_a with_o the_o dignity_n of_o bishopric_n ordain_v justus_n to_o be_v the_o first_o bishop_n of_o that_o see_n but_o when_o it_o fall_v to_o decay_v for_o very_a age_n bishop_n gundulph_n a_o norman_a about_o the_o year_n 1080._o re-edify_v it_o and_o thrust_v out_o the_o priest_n bring_v in_o monk_n in_o their_o room_n and_o when_o they_o be_v cast_v out_o a_o dean_n six_o prebendary_n and_o scholar_n be_v substitute_v in_o their_o place_n near_o unto_o the_o church_n there_o stand_v over_o the_o river_n a_o old_a castle_n fortify_v both_o by_o art_n and_o situation_n which_o as_o the_o report_n go_v odo_n bishop_n of_o bayeux_n and_o earl_n of_o kent_n build_v but_o it_o be_v no_o doubt_n king_n william_n the_o first_o that_o build_v it_o for_o in_o domesday_n book_n we_o read_v thus_o the_o bishop_n of_o rovecester_n hold_v in_o elesford_n for_o exchange_n of_o the_o land_n on_o which_o the_o castle_n be_v seat_v yet_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o bishop_n odo_n when_o his_o hope_n depend_v of_o a_o doubtful_a change_n of_o the_o state_n hold_v this_o against_o king_n william_n rufus_n at_o which_o time_n there_o pass_v proclamation_n through_o england_n that_o whosoever_o will_v not_o be_v repute_v a_o nide_n shall_v repair_v to_o recover_v rochester_n castle_n whereupon_o the_o youth_n fear_v that_o name_n *_o and_o most_o reproachful_a and_o opprobrious_a in_o that_o age_n malmesbury_n swarm_v thither_o in_o such_o number_n that_o odo_n be_v enforce_v to_o yield_v the_o place_n lose_v his_o dignity_n and_o abjure_v the_o realm_n but_o concern_v the_o reedification_n of_o this_o castle_n about_o this_o time_n listen_v what_o the_o church_n text_n of_o rocester_n say_v when_o king_n william_n the_o second_o will_v not_o confirm_v the_o gift_n of_o lanfrank_n as_o touch_v the_o manor_n of_o hedenham_n in_o the_o county_n of_o buckingham_n make_v unto_o rochester_n church_n unless_o lanfranck_n and_o gundulph_n bishop_n of_o
pontifice_fw-la directus_fw-la et_fw-la a_fw-la deo_fw-la operatione_n miraculorum_n suffultus_n et_fw-la ethelberthum_n regem_fw-la ac_fw-la gentem_fw-la illius_n ab_fw-la idolorum_n cultv_n ad_fw-la fidem_fw-la christi_fw-la perduxit_fw-la et_fw-la completis_fw-la in_o pace_fw-la diebus_n officii_fw-la svi_fw-la defunctus_fw-la est_fw-la septimo_fw-la kalendas_fw-la junias_fw-la eodem_fw-la rege_fw-la regnante_fw-la here_o rest_v dan_n augustine_n the_o first_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_z who_o be_v in_o time_n past_o direct_v hither_o from_o bless_v gregory_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n and_o through_o the_o work_v of_o miracle_n support_v by_o god_n both_o bring_v king_n ethelbert_n and_o his_o people_z from_o idolatry_n to_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n and_o also_o after_o the_o day_n of_o his_o function_n accomplish_v in_o peace_n die_v the_o seven_o day_n before_o the_o kalend_n of_o june_n in_o the_o same_o king_n reign_n together_o with_o he_o in_o the_o same_o porch_n be_v bury_v six_o archbishop_n next_o succeed_v and_o in_o memorial_n of_o these_o seven_o namely_o austen_n laurence_n mellitus_n justus_n honorius_n deusdedit_a and_o theodosius_n be_v these_o verse_n such_o as_o they_o be_v engrave_v there_o in_o marble_n septem_fw-la sunt_fw-la anglis_n primate_fw-la et_fw-la proto_n patres_fw-la septem_fw-la rectores_fw-la septem_fw-la coeloqve_fw-la triones_fw-la septem_fw-la cisternae_fw-la vitæ_fw-la septemqve_fw-la lucernae_fw-la et_fw-la septem_fw-la palmae_fw-la regni_fw-la septemqve_fw-la coronae_fw-la septem_fw-la sunt_fw-la stellae_fw-la quas_fw-la haec_fw-la tenet_n area_n cellae_n seven_o patriarch_n of_o england_n primate_fw-la seven_o seven_o rector_n and_o seven_o labourer_n in_o heaven_n seven_o cistern_n pure_a of_o life_n seven_o lamp_n of_o light_n seven_o palm_n and_o of_o this_o realm_n seven_o crown_n full_a bright_a seven_o star_n be_v here_o bestow_v in_o vault_n below_o i_o may_v not_o forget_v another_o church_n near_o unto_o this_o build_v as_o bede_n say_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o consecrate_a to_o saint_n martin_n wherein_o before_o austin_n come_n bertha_n wife_n to_o king_n ethelbert_n descend_v from_o the_o blood_n royal_a of_o france_n be_v wont_a to_o frequent_v divine_a christian_a service_n concern_v the_o castle_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o city_n the_o bulwark_n whereof_o now_o be_v decay_v it_o make_v no_o show_n of_o any_o great_a antiquity_n and_o there_o be_v no_o memorable_a thing_n thereof_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n but_o only_o that_o it_o be_v build_v by_o the_o norman_n as_o touch_v the_o dignity_n of_o the_o see_v of_o canterbury_n which_o in_o time_n past_o carry_v a_o great_a state_n i_o will_v say_v nothing_o but_o this_o that_o as_o in_o former_a age_n during_o the_o roman_a hierarchy_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v primate_fw-la of_o all_o britain_n legate_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o as_o vrbane_n the_o second_o say_v the_o patriarch_n as_o it_o be_v of_o another_o world_n so_o when_o the_o pope_n authority_n be_v abrogate_a a_o decree_n pass_v in_o the_o synod_n anno_fw-la 1534._o that_o lay_v aside_o the_o say_a title_n they_o shall_v be_v style_v primate_fw-la and_o metropolitane_n of_o all_o england_n which_o dignity_n the_o right_a reverend_a father_n in_o christ_n d._n john_n whitgift_n late_o hold_v who_o devout_o consecrate_v both_o his_o whole_a life_n to_o god_n &_o all_o his_o painful_a labour_n to_o the_o church_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1604._o sleep_v in_o the_o lord_n a_o prelate_n much_o miss_v of_o all_o good_a man_n after_o who_o succeed_v doctor_n richard_n bancroft_n a_o man_n of_o singular_a courage_n and_o counsel_n in_o establish_v and_o support_v the_o state_n ecclesiastical_a for_o the_o latitude_n of_o canterbury_n the_o pole_n arctic_a be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n there_o fifty_o one_o degree_n and_o sixteen_o minute_n and_o the_o longitude_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v four_o and_o twenty_o degree_n and_o fifty_o one_o minute_n stour_n by_o this_o time_n have_v gather_v his_o water_n all_o into_o one_o stream_n run_v beside_o hackington_n hackington_n where_o dame_n lora_n countess_n of_o leicester_n a_o most_o honourable_a lady_n in_o those_o day_n have_v abandon_v all_o worldly_a pleasure_n sequester_v herself_o from_o the_o world_n devout_o to_o serve_v god_n whole_o afore_o which_o time_n baldwin_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n begin_v a_o church_n there_o in_o the_o honour_n of_o saint_n stephen_n and_o thomas_n of_o canterbury_n but_o be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n his_o authority_n for_o fear_v the_o same_o may_v prejudice_v the_o monk_n of_o canterbury_n he_o give_v over_o the_o work_n stephens_n howbeit_o ever_o since_o the_o name_n remain_v and_o the_o place_n be_v call_v saint_n stephens_n of_o which_o sir_n roger_n manwood_n knight_n l._n chief_a baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n a_o man_n of_o exquisite_a knowledge_n in_o our_o common_a law_n fordich_n unto_o who_o for_o his_o bounteous_a liberality_n the_o poor_a inhabitant_n be_v much_o behold_v be_v of_o late_a time_n a_o right_a great_a ornament_n *_o and_o even_o so_o be_v his_o son_n at_o this_o day_n sir_n peter_n manwood_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n who_o i_o can_v but_o mention_v when_o as_o he_o be_v a_o favourer_n of_o virtue_n and_o learning_n from_o thence_o stour_n pass_v by_o fordich_n call_v the_o little_a burough_n of_o forewich_n in_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n book_n a_o place_n of_o note_n for_o excellent_a good_a trout_n nun_n and_o so_o in_o former_a time_n to_o stoure-mouth_n which_o it_o have_v now_o forsake_v a_o mile_n and_o more_o yet_o leave_v and_o bequeath_v his_o name_n to_o it_o but_o now_o by_o stoure-mouth_n run_v a_o brook_n which_o issue_v our_o of_o saint_n eadburghs_n well_o at_o liming_n where_o the_o daughter_n to_o king_n ethelbert_n first_o of_o our_o nation_n take_v the_o veil_n while_o it_o seek_v the_o sea_n elham_n see_v elham_n a_o mercate_z town_n of_o which_o i_o have_v read_v nothing_o but_o that_o the_o manor_n be_v the_o inheritance_n of_o julian_n leibourn_n a_o lady_n of_o great_a honour_n in_o her_o time_n 3._o who_o be_v mother_n of_o laurence_n hastings_n first_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n of_o that_o surname_n and_o after_o wife_n to_o william_n clinton_n earl_n of_o huntingdon_n then_o it_o hold_v his_o course_n by_o divers_a village_n which_o thereof_o receive_v the_o addition_n of_o bourn_n as_o bishops-bourn_n hawles-bourn_n patricks-bourn_n and_o beakes-bourn_n this_o bourn_n be_v that_o river_n stour_n as_o caesar_n call_v it_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v travail_v late_o in_o these_o part_n which_o caesar_n come_v unto_o when_o he_o have_v march_v by_o night_n almost_o twelve_o italian_a mile_n from_o the_o sea-coast_n and_o where_o he_o have_v the_o first_o encounter_n in_o his_o second_o expedition_n into_o britain_n with_o the_o britain_n who_o he_o drive_v into_o the_o wood_n where_o they_o have_v a_o place_n fortify_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o man_n labour_n with_o a_o number_n of_o tree_n hew_v down_o and_o plash_v to_o fore-close_a the_o entry_n but_o yet_o the_o roman_n force_v a_o entry_n herd_n drive_v they_o out_o and_o there_o about_o encamp_v the_o place_n of_o camp_n as_o i_o hear_v be_v near_a hâ—rdes_n a_o place_n of_o ancien_fw-fr gentleman_n of_o that_o surname_n descend_v from_o esten_n grave_n herengod_o and_o the_o fitz-bernards_n below_o stoure-mouth_n stour_n divide_v his_o stream_n take_v two_o several_a way_n and_o leave_v that_o name_n be_v call_v inlade_a and_o wantsume_v make_v the_o isle_n of_o tenet_n on_o the_o west_n and_o south_n side_n for_o on_o all_o other_o side_n it_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o main_a sea_n this_o island_n solinus_n name_v athanaton_n and_o in_o other_o copy_n thanaton_n the_o britain_n juis_fw-la ruhin_n as_o witness_v asserius_fw-la happy_o for_o rhutupin_n of_o rhutupinae_fw-la a_o city_n adjoin_v the_o english_a saxon_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o we_o tenet_n all_o the_o isle_n stand_v upon_o a_o whitish_a mail_n full_a of_o goodly_a corn_n field_n and_o be_v a_o right_a fertile_a soil_n carry_v in_o length_n eight_o mile_n and_o four_o in_o breadth_n reckon_v in_o old_a time_n to_o contain_v 600._o tituli_fw-la family_n in_o stead_n whereof_o it_o be_v corrupt_o read_v in_o bede_n milliarium_fw-la sexcentarum_fw-la for_o familiarum_fw-la sexcentarum_fw-la but_o whereas_o solinus_n write_v that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o snake_n creep_v in_o this_o isle_n and_o that_o the_o mould_n or_o earth_n carry_v from_o hence_o kill_v snake_n it_o be_v now_o prove_v to_o be_v untrue_a that_o etymology_n therefore_o derive_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v from_o the_o death_n of_o snake_n fall_v quite_o to_o the_o ground_n here_o the_o english_a saxon_n land_v first_o here_o by_o the_o permission_n of_o guortigern_n they_o first_o seat_v themselves_o here_o be_v their_o place_n of_o refuge_n and_o here_o guortimor_n the_o britain_n make_v a_o great_a
slaughter_n of_o they_o when_o at_o lapis_fw-la tituli_fw-la for_o so_o be_v that_o place_n name_v in_o ninnius_n which_o we_o now_o call_v stovar_n almost_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n and_o haven_n certain_o it_o be_v he_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n and_o force_v they_o with_o all_o the_o speed_n they_o may_v to_o take_v their_o pinnace_n in_o which_o place_n also_o he_o give_v commandment_n say_v he_o that_o himself_o shall_v be_v bury_v to_o repress_v thereby_o as_o he_o think_v the_o furious_a outrage_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n in_o like_a sort_n as_o scipio_n africanus_n do_v who_o command_v that_o his_o tomb_n shall_v be_v so_o set_v elflet_n as_o that_o it_o may_v look_v towards_o africa_n suppose_v that_o his_o very_a tomb_n will_v be_v a_o terror_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n here_o also_o at_o wipped_a fleet_n so_o call_v of_o wip_v the_o saxon_a there_o slay_v heng_a discomfit_v the_o britain_n and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n after_o he_o have_v sore_o tire_v they_o with_o sundry_a conflict_n s._n austin_n our_o apostle_n as_o they_o call_v he_o many_o year_n after_o land_v in_o this_o isle_n unto_o who_o blessing_n the_o credulous_a clergy_n ascribe_v the_o plentiful_a fertility_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o monk_n gotceline_n cry_v out_o in_o this_o manner_n minster_n o_o the_o land_n of_o tenet_n happy_a by_o reason_n of_o her_o fertility_n but_o most_o happy_a for_o receive_v and_o entertain_v so_o many_o divine_a incommer_n bring_v god_n with_o they_o or_o rather_o so_o many_o heavenly_a citizen_n egbert_n the_o three_o king_n of_o the_o kentishman_n to_o pacify_v dame_n domneva_n a_o devout_a lady_n who_o before_o time_n he_o have_v exceed_o much_a wrong_v grant_v here_o a_o fair_a piece_n of_o land_n wherein_o she_o errect_v a_o monastery_n for_o 70._o veil_a virgin_n the_o prioress_n whereof_o be_v mildred_n for_o her_o holiness_n canonize_v a_o saint_n and_o the_o king_n of_o kent_n bestow_v many_o fair_a possession_n upon_o it_o but_o wither_a especial_o who_o that_o i_o may_v note_v the_o antiquity_n and_o manner_n of_o livery_n of_o seisin_n in_o that_o age_n out_o of_o the_o very_a form_n of_o his_o own_o donation_n for_o the_o full_a compliment_n of_o his_o confirmation_n thereof_o lay_v upon_o the_o holy_a altar_n a_o turf_n of_o that_o ground_n which_o he_o give_v at_o humantun_n here_o afterward_o sundry_a time_n arrive_v the_o dane_n who_o piteous_o empoverish_v this_o island_n by_o robbing_n and_o pillage_n 1217._o and_o also_o pollute_v this_o monastery_n of_o domneva_n with_o all_o kind_n of_o cruelty_n france_n that_o it_o flourish_v not_o again_o before_o the_o norman_n government_n here_o also_o land_v lewis_n of_o france_n who_o call_v in_o by_o the_o tumultuous_a baron_n of_o england_n against_o king_n john_n publish_v by_o their_o instigation_n a_o pretend_a right_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n for_o that_o whereas_o king_n john_n for_o his_o notorious_a treason_n against_o king_n richard_n his_o brother_n absent_a in_o the_o holy-land_n be_v by_o his_o peer_n lawful_o condemn_v and_o therefore_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o right_a of_o the_o crown_n be_v devolve_v to_o the_o queen_n of_o castille_n sister_n to_o the_o say_a king_n richard_n thorn_n and_o that_o she_o and_o her_o heir_n have_v convey_v over_o their_o right_n to_o the_o say_v lewis_n and_o his_o wife_n her_o daughter_n also_o that_o king_n john_n have_v forfeit_v his_o kingdom_n both_o by_o the_o murder_n of_o his_o nephew_n arthur_n whereof_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a by_o his_o peer_n in_o france_n and_o also_o by_o subject_v his_o kingdom_n which_o be_v always_o free_a to_o the_o pope_n as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lay_v contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n at_o his_o coronation_n and_o that_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n etc._n etc._n which_o i_o leave_v to_o historian_n with_o the_o success_n of_o his_o expedition_n lest_o i_o may_v seem_v to_o digress_v extraordinary_o neither_o must_v i_o pass_v over_o here_o in_o silence_n that_o which_o make_v for_o the_o singular_a praise_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o tenet_n those_o especial_o which_o dwell_v by_o the_o road_n or_o harbour_n of_o margate_n ramsgate_n and_o brodstear_n for_o they_o be_v pass_v industrious_a and_o as_o if_o they_o be_v amphibii_n that_o be_v both_o land_n creature_n and_o sea_n creature_n get_v their_o live_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n as_o one_o will_v say_v with_o both_o these_o element_n they_o be_v fisherman_n and_o ploughman_n as_o well_o husbandman_n as_o mariner_n and_o they_o that_o hold_v the_o plough-taile_n in_o ear_n the_o ground_n the_o same_o hold_v the_o helm_n in_o steer_v the_o ship_n according_a to_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n they_o knit_v net_n they_o fish_n for_o cod_n herring_n mackarel_n etc._n etc._n they_o sail_v and_o carry_v forth_o merchandise_n the_o same_o again_o dung_n and_o manure_v their_o ground_n plough_n sow_n harrow_n reap_v their_o corn_n and_o they_o inn_n it_o man_n most_o ready_a and_o well_o appoint_v both_o for_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o thus_o go_v they_o round_o and_o keep_v a_o circle_n in_o these_o their_o labour_n futhermore_o whereas_o that_o otherwhiles_o there_o happen_v shipwrack_n here_o for_o there_o lie_v full_a against_o the_o shore_n those_o dangerous_a flat_n shallows_n shelf_n and_o sand_n so_o much_o fear_v of_o sailor_n which_o they_o use_v to_o call_v the_o goodwinsand_n the_o brake_n trutuâ—ensiâ—_n the_o four-foot_n the_o whitdick_n etc._n etc._n these_o man_n be_v wont_a to_o bestir_v themselves_o lusty_o in_o recover_v both_o ship_n man_n and_o merchandise_n endanger_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o wantsum_n southward_o which_o man_n think_v have_v change_v his_o channel_n over_o against_o the_o isle_n stand_v a_o city_n which_o ptolomee_n call_v rhutupian_n tacitus_n portus_fw-la trutulensis_n for_o rhutupensis_fw-la if_o beatus_fw-la renanus_n conjecture_v true_o antonine_n rhitupis_fw-la portus_fw-la ammianus_n marcellinus_n rhutupiah_n statio_fw-la that_o be_v the_o road_n of_o rhutupiae_n orosius_n the_o haven_n and_o city_n of_o rhutubus_fw-la the_o old_a english-saxons_a as_o beda_n witness_v reptacesler_n other_o ruptimuth_n alfred_n of_o beverly_n name_v it_o richberge_n we_o at_o this_o day_n richborow_n thus_o have_v time_n sport_v in_o vary_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o name_n whence_o this_o name_n shall_v arise_v it_o be_v not_o for_o certain_a know_v but_o see_v the_o place_n near_o unto_o it_o as_o sandwich_n and_o sandiby_n have_v their_o denomination_n of_o sandi_n i_o consider_v also_o that_o rhyd_n tufith_n in_o the_o british-tongue_n betoken_v a_o sandy_a fourd_v i_o will_v willing_o if_o i_o dare_v derive_v it_o from_o thence_o this_o city_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v seat_v on_o the_o descent_n of_o a_o hill_n the_o castle_n there_o stand_v overlook_v from_o a_o high_a place_n the_o ocean_n which_o be_v now_o so_o far_o exclude_v by_o reason_n of_o sandy_a residence_n inbealch_v with_o the_o tide_n that_o it_o come_v hardly_o within_o a_o mile_n of_o it_o right_o famous_a and_o of_o great_a name_n be_v this_o city_n while_o the_o roman_n rule_v here_o from_o hence_o be_v the_o usual_a pass_v out_o of_o britan_n to_o france_n and_o the_o netherlands_n at_o it_o the_o roman_a fleet_n arrive_v here_o it_o be_v that_o lupicinus_n send_v by_o young_a constantius_n the_o emperor_n into_o britain_n for_o to_o repress_v the_o road_n and_o invasion_n of_o scot_n and_o pict_n both_o land_v the_o heruli_n and_o batavian_o and_o maesian_a regiment_n here_o also_o theodosius_n the_o father_n of_o theodosius_n the_o emperor_n to_o who_o as_o symmachus_n witness_v the_o senate_n decree_v for_o pacify_v britan_n arm_a statue_n on_o horseback_n arrive_v with_o his_o herculij_n jovij_fw-la victores_fw-la &_o fidentes_fw-la for_o these_o be_v name_n of_o roman_a regiment_n afterward_o when_o the_o saxon_a pirate_n impeach_v intercourse_n of_o merchant_n and_o infest_a our_o coast_n with_o continual_a piracy_n the_o second_o legion_n augusta_n which_o be_v remove_v by_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n out_o of_o germany_n have_v remain_v many_o year_n in_o garrison_n at_o leon_n isea_n silurum_n in_o wales_n be_v translattd_a hither_o and_o have_v a_o provost_n of_o their_o own_o here_o under_o the_o great_a lieutenant_n and_o count_n of_o the_o saxon_a shore_n maximus_n which_o provostship_n happy_o that_o clemens_n maximus_n bare_a who_o be_v here_o in_o britan_n by_o the_o soldier_n salute_v emperor_n slay_v gratian_n the_o lawful_a emperor_n and_o be_v afterward_o himself_o slay_v by_o theodosius_n at_o aquileia_n for_o this_o maximus_n it_o be_v who_o ausonius_n in_o the_o verse_n of_o aquileia_n call_v the_o rhutupine_n robber_n 83._o maximus_fw-la armigeri_fw-la quondam_a sub_fw-la nomine_fw-la lixae_fw-la faelix_fw-la quae_fw-la tanti_fw-la spectatrix_fw-la laeta_fw-la triumphi_fw-la fudisti_fw-la ausonio_n rhutupinum_fw-la marte_fw-la latronem_fw-la
cotas_n either_o to_o be_v revenge_v of_o the_o britain_n who_o aid_v the_o gaul_n as_o strabo_n say_v or_o in_o hope_n of_o british_a pearl_n as_o suctonius_n report_v or_o inflame_v with_o a_o ambitious_a desire_n of_o glory_n as_o other_o do_v record_n in_o the_o year_n before_o christ_n nativity_n fifty_o four_o and_o once_o again_o in_o the_o year_n ensue_v enter_v into_o britain_n have_v before_o hand_n sound_v the_o haven_n by_o his_o espial_n natuâ—_n as_o suâ—tonius_n and_o himself_o do_v testify_v and_o not_o as_o roger_n bachon_n fable_v by_o set_v certain_a look_v glass_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o gaul_n and_o by_o art_n perspective_n which_o by_o reflection_n multiply_v hide_a form_n what_o he_o exploit_v here_o himself_o have_v at_o large_a deliver_v in_o his_o commentary_n and_o i_o likewise_o before_o have_v summary_o abridge_v out_o of_o he_o and_o the_o write_n of_o suetonius_n concern_v scaeva_n who_o valorous_a service_n during_o the_o civil_a war_n be_v notable_o see_v above_o other_o at_o dyrrachium_fw-la and_o who_o our_o poet_n joseph_n of_o excester_n in_o his_o antiocheis_n and_o namely_o in_o these_o his_o verse_n touch_v britain_n report_v i_o know_v not_o how_o true_o to_o have_v be_v a_o britain_n bear_v hinc_fw-la et_fw-la scaeva_n satus_fw-la pars_fw-la non_fw-la obscura_fw-la tumulius_fw-la civilis_fw-la magnum_fw-la solus_fw-la qui_fw-la mole_n solutâ_fw-la obsedit_fw-la meliorque_fw-la stetit_fw-la pro_fw-la caesar_fw-la murus_fw-la here_o bear_v also_o be_v scaeva_n he_o that_o bear_v no_o little_a sway_n in_o all_o these_o civil_a broil_n the_o fort_n that_o stand_v full_a in_o his_o way_n alone_o he_o break_v pompey_n besiege_v be_v caesar_n strong_a stay_n but_o what_o be_v the_o exploit_n of_o caesar_n in_o this_o our_o country_n etc._n learn_v you_o may_v of_o himself_o and_o out_o of_o that_o which_o have_v before_o be_v write_v for_o neither_o as_o yet_o have_v i_o meet_v with_o that_o old_a father_n a_o britain_n who_o marcus_n aper_n as_o we_o read_v in_o quintilian_n see_v in_o this_o island_n who_o avow_v that_o he_o be_v present_a at_o the_o battle_n in_o which_o they_o assay_v to_o keep_v caesar_n from_o land_v when_o he_o come_v to_o war_n upon_o they_o neither_o be_v it_o any_o part_n of_o my_o meaning_n now_o to_o write_v a_o history_n but_o a_o topographie_n upon_o this_o shore_n lie_v out_o with_o a_o long_a train_n certain_a heap_n in_o manner_n of_o bank_n or_o rampier_n which_o some_o imagine_v that_o the_o wind_n sweep_v up_o together_o but_o i_o suppose_v they_o to_o have_v be_v a_o fence_n and_o countermure_n ship-campe_n or_o rather_o the_o ship-campe_n which_o caesar_n raise_v with_o ten_o day_n and_o as_o many_o night_n labour_n to_o hail_v up_o thereto_o his_o sea-beaten_a and_o shake_a navy_n and_o to_o defend_v it_o both_o against_o tempest_n and_o also_o the_o britain_n who_o in_o vain_a do_v assail_v it_o for_o i_o understand_v by_o relation_n of_o the_o dweller_n thereby_o that_o this_o rampire_n be_v call_v romes-worke_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o work_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o believe_v i_o that_o caesar_n arrive_v here_o because_o he_o write_v that_o seven_o mile_n from_o hence_o for_o so_o we_o read_v in_o the_o ancient_a book_n correct_v by_o flavius_n constantinus_n a_o man_n of_o consul_n degree_n the_o sea_n be_v keep_v in_o and_o compass_v with_o such_o straight_a mountain_n that_o for_o the_o high_a place_n a_o dart_n may_v be_v fling_v to_o the_o very_a shore_n very_o as_o soon_o as_o we_o be_v past_a deal_n a_o mighty_a ridge_n of_o steep_a high_a cliff_n cicero_n term_v they_o mole_n magnificas_fw-la that_o be_v stately_a cliff_n bring_v forth_o samphyre_n in_o great_a plenty_n run_v for_o seven_o mile_n or_o there_o about_o as_o far_o as_o to_o dover_n where_o it_o open_v itself_o and_o of_o that_o nature_n be_v the_o place_n that_o right_o as_o caesar_n write_v between_o two_o hill_n it_o let_v in_o and_o enclose_v the_o sea_n within_o this_o partition_n and_o separation_n of_o the_o cliff_n lie_v dubris_n darell_n which_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n mention_v the_o saxon_n name_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o we_o dover_n this_o name_n be_v give_v unto_o it_o as_o darell_n out_o of_o eadmer_n write_v because_o the_o place_n be_v shut_v up_o and_o hard_o to_o come_v unto_o for_o when_o as_o say_v he_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o sea_n there_o barbarous_a spread_a itself_o upon_o urgent_a necessity_n to_o make_v it_o a_o more_o commodious_a haven_n they_o keep_v it_o in_o with_o more_o straight_a bound_n howbeit_o william_n lambard_n with_o more_o probability_n fetch_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o name_n from_o the_o word_n dufyrrha_fw-mi which_o in_o the_o british_a language_n betoken_v a_o place_n steep_a and_o upright_a the_o town_n which_o be_v seat_v between_o high_a cliff_n whereas_o sometime_n the_o haven_n be_v when_o the_o sea_n more_o insinuate_v itself_o as_o we_o collect_v by_o the_o anchor_n and_o ship_n plank_n that_o be_v dig_v there_o up_o be_v more_o famous_a for_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o haven_n such_o as_o it_o be_v and_o for_o ready_a passage_n into_o france_n than_o for_o any_o elegancy_n or_o great_a trade_n for_o it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o passage_n of_o all_o other_o most_o haunt_v and_o it_o be_v provide_v in_o old_a time_n by_o a_o special_a statute_n that_o no_o man_n go_v forth_o of_o the_o realm_n in_o pilgrimage_n shall_v else_o where_o embark_v and_o take_v sea_n moreov_a it_o be_v reckon_v one_o of_o the_o cinque-port_n and_o in_o time_n past_o it_o be_v charge_v to_o furnish_v and_o set_v out_o one_o and_o twenty_o ship_n unto_o the_o war_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o form_n as_o hastings_n do_v whereof_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v sussex_n towards_o the_o sea_n now_o somewhat_o exclude_v by_o beach_n it_o be_v fence_v with_o a_o wall_n whereof_o some_o part_n as_o yet_o stand_v it_o have_v a_o fair_a church_n consecrate_v unto_o saint_n martin_n found_v by_o whitred_a king_n of_o kent_n a_o house_n also_o of_o the_o knights-templar_n which_o now_o be_v quite_o go_v and_o nothing_o to_o be_v see_v of_o they_o it_o yield_v likewise_o a_o seat_n for_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n suffragans_fw-la who_o when_o the_o archbishop_n be_v busy_v in_o weighty_a affair_n mannage_v for_o he_o matter_n that_o pertain_v to_o order_n only_o canterbury_n and_o not_o to_o the_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n from_o the_o top_n of_o a_o rough_a and_o craggy_a cliff_n which_o mount_v up_o to_o a_o wonderful_a height_n where_o it_o look_v down_o to_o the_o sea_n a_o most_o statey_n castle_n like_o unto_o a_o pretty_a city_n fortify_v right_o strong_o with_o bulwarks_a and_o many_o a_o tower_n overlook_v and_o threaten_v after_o a_o sort_n the_o sea_n under_o it_o matthew_n of_o paris_n call_v it_o the_o key_n and_o locke_n the_o bar_n and_o sparre_n of_o england_n the_o common_a sort_n of_o people_n dream_v that_o it_o be_v build_v by_o julius_n caesar_n and_o very_o i_o suppose_v by_o the_o british_a brick_n in_o the_o chapel_n there_o that_o it_o be_v build_v by_o the_o roman_n who_o use_v such_o in_o their_o great_a building_n what_o time_n as_o the_o roman_a empire_n decline_v they_o place_v here_o a_o band_n or_o company_n of_o the_o tungricane_n tungricane_n who_o be_v account_v among_o the_o aides-palatine_a out_o of_o who_o armoury_n and_o munition_n happy_o be_v those_o big_a arrow_n which_o the_o castellane_n do_v now_o show_v for_o wonder_n and_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v discharge_v then_o and_o many_o year_n after_o before_o the_o invention_n of_o great_a ordnance_n out_o of_o engine_n call_v balistae_fw-la like_o huge_a crossbow_n bend_v by_o force_n of_o two_o or_o four_o man_n from_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n into_o this_o land_n unto_o the_o expiation_n of_o their_o kingdom_n no_o where_o can_v i_o as_o yet_o read_v so_o much_o as_o one_o bare_a word_n of_o this_o castle_n or_o the_o town_n save_v only_o in_o certain_a by-note_n out_o of_o a_o table_n that_o be_v here_o hang_v upon_o a_o wall_n which_o report_v that_o caesar_n have_v arrive_v at_o deale_n and_o discomfit_v the_o britain_n at_o baramdowne_n which_o be_v a_o plain_a adjoin_v fit_a for_o horse_n fight_v and_o meet_v to_o embattle_n a_o army_n in_o begin_v the_o castle_n of_o dover_n and_o that_o arviragus_n afterward_o fortify_v it_o against_o the_o roman_n and_o stop_v up_o the_o haven_n also_o that_o after_o he_o king_n arthur_n and_o his_o knight_n vanquish_v i_o wot_v not_o what_o rebel_v here_o howbeit_o a_o little_a before_o the_o norman_n come_v in_o it_o be_v repute_v the_o only_a defence_n and_o strength_n of_o england_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n bind_v harold_n by_o on_o oath_n to_o
deliver_v up_o into_o his_o hand_n this_o castle_n together_o with_o the_o well_o what_o time_n as_o he_o aspire_v to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o after_o he_o have_v settle_v his_o estate_n and_o affair_n at_o london_n think_v it_o good_a before_o all_o other_o thing_n to_o fortify_v this_o piece_n and_o to_o assign_v fair_a land_n in_o kent_n unto_o gentleman_n to_o be_v hold_v in_o castleguard_n with_o this_o condition_n to_o be_v in_o readiness_n with_o certain_a number_n of_o man_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o same_o which_o service_n notwithstanding_o at_o this_o day_n be_v redeem_v with_o a_o yearly_a payment_n of_o money_n change_v for_o when_o sir_n hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n be_v constable_n of_o this_o castle_n to_o use_v the_o word_n of_o a_o old_a writer_n he_o weigh_v with_o himself_o that_o it_o be_v not_o safe_a for_o the_o castle_n to_o have_v every_o month_n new_a warder_n for_o the_o castle_n guard_n procure_v by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o king_n and_o all_o that_o hold_v of_o that_o castle_n that_o every_o one_o shall_v send_v for_o the_o ward_n of_o one_o month_n ten_o shilling_n and_o that_o therewith_o certain_a man_n elect_v and_o swear_v as_o well_o horse_n as_o foot_n shall_v be_v wage_v for_o to_o guard_v the_o castle_n it_o be_v write_v that_o philip_n surname_v augustus_n king_n of_o france_n when_o lewis_n his_o son_n go_v about_o to_o gain_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n have_v win_v certain_a city_n and_o fort_n and_o can_v not_o get_v this_o be_v manful_o defend_v by_o the_o say_a sir_n hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n say_v thus_o very_o my_o son_n have_v not_o one_o foot_n of_o land_n in_o england_n until_o he_o be_v master_n of_o dover_n castle_n as_o be_v in_o very_a deed_n the_o strong_a hold_n of_o all_o england_n and_o most_o commodious_a for_o the_o french_a upon_o the_o other_o cliff_n which_o stand_v over_o against_o it_o and_o bear_v up_o his_o head_n in_o manner_n even_o with_o it_o be_v extant_a the_o remain_v of_o a_o very_a ancient_a building_n one_o i_o know_v not_o upon_o what_o reason_n induce_v say_v it_o be_v caesar_n altar_n but_o john_n twin_n of_o canterbury_n a_o learned_a old_a man_n who_o in_o his_o youth_n see_v a_o great_a part_n thereof_o stand_v whole_a and_o entire_a assure_v i_o that_o it_o have_v be_v a_o watch-towre_n to_o give_v night_n light_a and_o direction_n to_o ship_n like_a as_o there_o stand_v another_o opposite_a unto_o it_o at_o bologne_n in_o france_n erect_v thereby_o the_o roman_n and_o long_o after_o re-edify_v by_o charles_n the_o great_a as_o regino_n witness_v in_o who_o phanum_fw-la for_o pharum_n be_v false_o read_v which_o at_o this_o day_n the_o french_a term_n tour_n de_fw-fr order_n and_o the_o english_a the_o old_a man_n of_o bullen_n under_o this_o cliff_n henry_n the_o eight_o in_o our_o father_n day_n with_o exceed_a labour_n and_o 63000._o pound_n charge_n by_o pitch_v huge_a post_n fast_o within_o the_o very_a sea_n and_o the_o same_o bind_v together_o with_o iron_n work_n and_o heap_v thereupon_o a_o deal_n of_o timber_n and_o stone_n bring_v up_o a_o mighty_a pile_n which_o we_o call_v the_o peer_n wherein_o the_o ship_n may_v more_o safe_o ride_v but_o the_o furious_a violence_n of_o the_o rage_a ocean_n soon_o overcome_v the_o laudable_a endeavour_n of_o that_o puissant_a prince_n and_o so_o the_o frame_n of_o this_o work_n beat_v continual_o upon_o with_o the_o wave_n become_v disjoined_n for_o the_o repair_n whereof_o queen_n elizabeth_n lay_v out_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n impose_v upon_o every_o english_a ship_n that_o carry_v forth_o or_o bring_v in_o merchandise_n a_o certain_a toll_n upon_o tonneage_n for_o certain_a year_n this_o sea_n coast_n of_o britain_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o continent_n of_o europe_n by_o a_o frete_z or_o straight_o where_o as_o some_o suppose_v the_o sea_n break_v in_o and_o make_v way_n between_o the_o land_n solinus_n call_v it_o fretum_n gallicum_n tacitus_n and_o ammianus_n macellinus_n fretum_n oceani_fw-la and_o oceanum_n fretalem_fw-la gratius_n the_o poet_n freta_fw-la morinum_fw-la dubio_fw-la refluentia_fw-la ponto_fw-la the_o narrow_a sea_n on_o bollen-coast_n that_o keep_v uncertain_a tide_n they_o of_o the_o netherlands_o call_v it_o dehofden_a sea_n of_o the_o two_o head_n or_o promontory_n we_o the_o narrow-sea_n and_o the_o strait_a of_o calais_n as_o the_o frenchman_n pas_n de_fw-fr callais_n for_o this_o be_v the_o place_n as_o say_v a_o poet_n of_o our_o time_n geminy_n quà _fw-la janua_fw-la ponti_fw-la faucibus_fw-la angustis_fw-la latèque_fw-la frementibus_fw-la undis_fw-la gallorum_n anglorumque_fw-la vetat_fw-la concurrere_fw-la terras_fw-la where_o current_n of_o two_o sea_n in_o gullet_n straight_o wherein_o throughout_o their_o billow_n rage_n and_o fret_v keepes_n france_n and_o england_n so_o a_o part_n as_o though_o they_o never_o meet_v the_o narrow_a sea_n as_o marcellinus_n true_o write_v swell_v at_o every_o tide_n with_o terrible_a high_a flood_n and_o again_o at_o the_o ebb_n become_v as_o flat_a as_o a_o plain_a field_n if_o it_o be_v not_o raise_v with_o wind_n and_o counter_a sea_n between_o two_o rise_n of_o the_o moon_n it_o flow_v twice_o and_o eb_v as_o oft_o for_o as_o the_o moon_n ascend_v towards_o the_o meridian_n and_o be_v set_v again_o under_o the_o horizon_n in_o the_o just_a opposite_a point_n the_o ocean_n here_o swell_v mighty_o and_o the_o huge_a billow_n rush_v upon_o the_o shore_n with_o so_o great_a a_o noise_n that_o the_o poet_n may_v well_o say_v rhutupináque_fw-la littora_fw-la fervent_a and_o rhutup_n shore_n do_v boil_v and_o billow_n and_o d._n paulinus_n where_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o county_n of_o boulogne_n which_o he_o term_v the_o utmost_a skirt_n of_o the_o world_n not_o without_o cause_n use_v these_o word_n oceanum_n barbaris_fw-la fluctibus_fw-la frementem_fw-la that_o be_v the_o ocean_n rage_v and_o roar_v with_o barbarous_a billow_n here_o may_v arise_v a_o question_n beseem_v a_o learned_a man_n that_o have_v wit_n and_o time_n at_o will_n france_n whether_o where_o this_o narrow_a sea_n run_v between_o france_n and_o britain_n now_o there_o be_v a_o narrow_a bank_n or_o neck_n of_o land_n that_o in_o time_n past_o conjoin_v these_o region_n and_o afterward_o be_v break_v either_o by_o the_o general_a deluge_n or_o by_o rush_v in_o of_o the_o wave_n or_o else_o by_o occasion_n of_o some_o earthquake_n do_v let_v in_o the_o water_n to_o make_v a_o through_o passage_n very_o as_o no_o man_n make_v doubt_v that_o the_o face_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n have_v be_v alter_v partly_o by_o the_o say_a deluge_n and_o partly_o by_o long_a continuance_n of_o time_n and_o other_o cause_n as_o also_o that_o land_n by_o earthquake_n or_o the_o shrink_a back_n of_o water_n be_v lay_v and_o join_v unto_o firm_a land_n so_o most_o certain_o it_o appear_v by_o author_n of_o best_a credit_n that_o land_n by_o reason_n of_o earthquake_n and_o the_o break_n in_o of_o water_n be_v sever_v disjoin_v and_o rend_v from_o the_o continent_n whereupon_o pythagoras_n in_o ovid_n say_v thus_o vidi_n ego_fw-la quod_fw-la quondam_a fuerat_fw-la solidissima_fw-la tellus_fw-la esse_fw-la fretum_fw-la vidi_fw-la factas_fw-la ex_fw-la aequore_fw-la terras_fw-la myself_o have_v see_v main_a ground_n sometime_o turn_v into_o sea_n and_o sand_n and_o see_v i_o have_v again_o the_o sea_n become_v main_a settle_a land_n strabo_n gather_v of_o thing_n to_o come_v by_o those_o that_o be_v past_a conclude_v that_o such_o isthmi_n neck_n or_o narrow_a bank_n of_o land_n both_o have_v be_v and_o shall_v be_v wrought_v and_o pierce_v through_o you_o see_v say_v seneca_n whole_a region_n violent_o remove_v from_o their_o place_n and_o now_o to_o lie_v beyond_o the_o sea_n which_o lie_v before_o bound_v upon_o it_o and_o hard_a by_o you_o see_v there_o be_v separation_n make_v both_o of_o country_n and_o nation_n when_o as_o some_o part_n of_o nature_n be_v provoke_v of_o itself_o or_o when_o the_o mighty_a wind_n beat_v strong_o upon_o some_o sea_n the_o force_n whereof_o as_o in_o general_a be_v wonderful_a for_o although_o it_o rage_v but_o in_o part_n yet_o it_o be_v of_o the_o universal_a power_n that_o so_o it_o rage_v thus_o have_v the_o sea_n rend_v spain_n from_o the_o continent_n of_o africa_n thus_o by_o deucalion_n flood_n so_o much_o speak_v of_o by_o the_o great_a poet_n be_v sicily_n out_o from_o italy_n and_o hereupon_o virgil_n write_v thus_o haec_fw-la loca_fw-la vi_fw-la quondam_a &_o vasta_fw-la convulsa_fw-la ruinâ_fw-la tantum_n aevi_fw-la longinqua_fw-la valet_fw-la mutare_fw-la vetustas_fw-la dissiluisse_fw-la ferunt_fw-la cum_fw-la protinùs_fw-la utraque_fw-la tellus_fw-la una_fw-la foret_fw-la venit_fw-la medio_fw-la vi_fw-la pontus_fw-la &_o undis_fw-la hesperium_n siculo_fw-la latus_fw-la abscidit_fw-la arvaque_fw-la &_o urbes_fw-la littore_fw-la diductas_fw-la angusto_fw-la interluit_fw-la aestu_fw-la
give_v my_o voice_n and_o accord_n with_o ninnius_n who_o write_v that_o it_o take_v the_o name_n from_o glovus_fw-la the_o great_a grandfather_n father_n of_o king_n vortigern_n but_o that_o long_a before_o it_o antonine_n have_v name_v it_o glevum_n which_o both_o the_o distance_n from_o corinium_n and_o the_o name_n also_o may_v prove_v but_o as_o the_o saxon_a name_n gleavecester_n come_v from_o glevum_n so_o glevum_n proportionable_o from_o the_o british_a caer_fw-mi glow_n which_o i_o suppose_v spring_v from_o the_o word_n glow_n that_o in_o the_o british_a tongue_n signify_v fair_a and_o goodly_a so_o that_o caer_fw-mi glow_n may_v be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v a_o fair_a city_n in_o which_o signification_n also_o the_o greek_n have_v their_o callipolis_n callidromos_n callistratia_n the_o english_a man_n their_o brightstow_n and_o shirley_n and_o in_o this_o very_a county_n faireford_n faire-ley_a etc._n etc._n this_o city_n be_v build_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o set_v as_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o silures_n to_o yoke_v they_o and_o there_o also_o be_v a_o colony_n plant_v to_o people_n it_o which_o they_o call_v colonia_n glewm_n for_o i_o have_v see_v a_o fragment_n of_o antique_a stone_n in_o the_o wall_n of_o bath_n near_o unto_o the_o north-gate_n with_o this_o inscription_n decurio_fw-la dec_n coloniae_fw-la glev_n vixit_fw-la ann._n lxxxvi_o it_o lie_v stretch_v out_o in_o length_n over_o severne_n on_o that_o side_n where_o it_o be_v not_o water_v with_o the_o river_n it_o have_v in_o some_o place_n a_o very_a strong_a wall_n for_o defence_n a_o proper_a and_o fine_a city_n i_o assure_v you_o it_o be_v both_o for_o number_n of_o church_n and_o for_o the_o building_n on_o the_o south_n part_v there_o be_v a_o lofty_a castle_n of_o square_a ashler_n stone_n which_o now_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o ruin_n it_o be_v build_v in_o king_n william_n the_o first_o his_o time_n and_o sixteen_o house_n there_o about_o as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o book_n of_o england_n survey_n be_v pluck_v down_o for_o the_o rear_n of_o this_o castle_n about_o which_o roger_n the_o son_n of_o miles_n constable_n of_o gloucester_n go_v to_o law_n with_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o his_o brother_n walter_n lose_v all_o the_o right_a and_o interest_n he_o have_v in_o this_o city_n and_o castle_n as_o robert_z de_fw-fr mont_fw-fr have_v write_v ceaulin_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n be_v the_o first_o that_o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 570._o by_o force_n and_o arm_n wrest_v gloucester_n out_o of_o the_o britan_n hand_n after_o this_o the_o mercian_n win_v it_o under_o who_o it_o flourish_v in_o great_a honour_n and_o osric_n king_n of_o northumberland_n by_o permission_n of_o etheldred_n the_o mercian_n found_v there_o a_o very_a great_a and_o stately_a monastery_n for_o nun_n over_o who_o kineburg_n eadburg_n and_o eve_n queen_n of_o the_o mercian_n be_v prioresses_n successive_o one_o after_o another_o edelfle_v also_o that_o most_o noble_a lady_n of_o the_o mercian_n adorn_v this_o city_n with_o a_o church_n wherein_o she_o herself_o be_v bury_v and_o not_o long_o after_o when_o the_o dane_n have_v spoil_v and_o waste_v the_o whole_a country_n 878._o those_o sacred_a virgin_n be_v throw_v out_o and_o the_o dane_n as_o aethelward_o that_o ancient_a author_n write_v with_o many_o a_o stroke_n pitch_v poor_a cottage_n into_o the_o city_n of_o glenucester_n at_o which_o time_n when_o those_o more_o ancient_a church_n be_v subvert_v aldred_n archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o bishop_n of_o worcester_n erect_v another_o for_o monk_n which_o be_v now_o the_o chief_a church_n in_o the_o city_n and_o have_v a_o dean_n and_o six_o prebendary_n but_o the_o same_o in_o these_o late_a precedent_a age_n be_v new_o beautify_v for_o john_n hanley_n and_o thomas_n farley_n two_o abbat_n add_v unto_o it_o the_o chapel_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n mary_n n._n morwent_n raise_v from_o the_o very_a foundation_n the_o forefront_n which_o be_v a_o excellent_a piece_n of_o work_n g._n horton_n a_o abbot_n adjoin_v to_o it_o the_o cross_a north-part_n abbot_n trowcester_n a_o most_o dainty_a and_o fine_a cloister_n and_o abbot_n sebrok_n a_o exceed_a high_a fair_a steeple_n as_o for_o the_o south_n side_n it_o be_v also_o repair_v with_o the_o people_n offering_n at_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o the_o unhappy_a king_n edward_n the_o second_o who_o lie_v here_o inter_v under_o a_o monument_n of_o alabaster_n and_o not_o far_o from_o he_o another_o prince_n as_o unfortunate_a as_o he_o robert_n curthose_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n duke_n of_o normandy_n within_o a_o wooden_a paint_a tomb_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o choir_n curthose_n who_o be_v bereave_v of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n for_o that_o he_o be_v bear_v before_o his_o father_n be_v king_n deprive_v of_o his_o two_o son_n the_o one_o by_o strange_a death_n in_o the_o new-forrest_n the_o other_o despoil_v of_o the_o earldom_n of_o flanders_n his_o inheritance_n and_o slay_v he_o himself_o dispossess_v of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o normandy_n by_o his_o brother_n king_n henry_n the_o first_o his_o eye_n pluck_v out_o and_o keep_v close_a prisoner_n 26._o year_n with_o all_o contumelious_a indignity_n until_o through_o extreme_a anguish_n he_o end_v his_o life_n above_o the_o choir_n in_o a_o arch_n of_o this_o church_n there_o be_v a_o wall_n build_v in_o form_n of_o a_o semicircle_n full_a of_o corner_n with_o such_o a_o artificial_a device_n that_o if_o a_o man_n speak_v with_o never_o so_o low_a a_o voice_n at_o the_o one_o part_n thereof_o and_o another_o lay_v his_o ear_n to_o the_o other_o be_v a_o good_a way_n distant_a he_o may_v most_o easy_o hear_v every_o syllable_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o before_o it_o may_v seem_v that_o the_o chief_a trade_n of_o the_o citizen_n be_v to_o make_v iron_n for_o as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o domes-day-booke_n survey_n book_n of_o england_n the_o king_n demand_v in_o manner_n no_o other_o tribute_n than_o certain_a icre_n of_o iron_n and_o iron_n bar_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o king_n navy_n and_o some_o few_o sextarios_fw-la quart_n of_o honey_n after_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n it_o suffer_v divers_a calamity_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o edward_n king_n henry_n the_o three_o his_o son_n while_o england_n be_v all_o on_o a_o smoke_n and_o combustion_n by_o the_o baron_n war_n it_o be_v spoil_v and_o afterward_o by_o casualty_n of_o fire_n almost_o whole_o consume_v to_o ash_n but_o now_o cherish_v with_o continuance_n of_o long_a peace_n it_o flourish_v again_o as_o fresh_a as_o ever_o it_o be_v and_o by_o lay_v unto_o it_o two_o hundred_o it_o be_v make_v a_o county_n and_o call_v the_o county_n of_o the_o city_n of_o gloucester_n also_o within_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o father_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o augment_v the_o state_n thereof_o with_o a_o episcopal_a see_v with_o which_o dignity_n in_o old_a time_n it_o have_v be_v high_o endow_v as_o geoffrey_n of_o monmouth_n avouch_v and_o i_o will_v not_o derogate_v aught_o from_o the_o credit_n of_o his_o assertion_n consider_v that_o among_o the_o prelate_n of_o britain_n the_o bishop_n cluviensis_fw-la be_v reckon_v which_o name_n derive_v from_o clevum_n or_o glow_n do_v after_o a_o sort_n confirm_v and_o strengthen_v my_o conjecture_n that_o this_o be_v that_o glevum_n whereof_o antonine_n make_v mention_v severne_n have_v now_o leave_v gloucester_n behind_o it_o and_o gather_v his_o water_n unto_o one_o stream_n again_o *_o wind_v itself_o by_o elmore_n a_o mansion_n house_n of_o the_o gise_n ancient_a by_o their_o own_o lineal_a descent_n elmore_n be_v in_o elder_a time_n owner_n of_o apsely-gise_n near_o brickhill_n and_o from_o the_o beauchamp_v of_o holt_n who_o acknowledge_v huber_n de_fw-fr burgo_n earl_n of_o kent_n who_o i_o late_o mention_v beneficious_a to_o they_o and_o testify_v the_o same_o by_o their_o armoury_n low_a upon_o the_o same_o side_n stroud_n a_o pretty_a river_n slide_v into_o severne_n out_o of_o coteswold_n by_o stroud_n a_o mercat_n town_n sometime_o better_o people_v with_o clothier_n and_o not_o far_o from_o minching-hampton_n which_o ancient_o have_v a_o nunnery_n minch_v or_o belong_v to_o nun_n who_o our_o ancestor_n name_v minching_n now_o severn_n wax_v broad_a and_o deep_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o alternative_a flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o sea_n rise_v and_o swell_v in_o manner_n of_o a_o rough_a and_o troublous_a sea_n indeed_o and_o so_o with_o many_o wind_n and_o turn_n in_o and_o out_o speed_v he_o unto_o the_o ocean_n but_o nothing_o offer_v itself_o unto_o his_o sight_n to_o count_v of_o as_o he_o pass_v along_o but_o cam-bridge_n a_o little_a country_n town_n where_o it_o receive_v cam_n a_o small_a
cruelty_n for_o that_o some_o of_o his_o follower_n be_v slay_v there_o in_o a_o fray_n that_o there_o follow_v thereupon_o a_o most_o heavy_a banishment_n of_o the_o student_n and_o the_o university_n a_o sorrowful_a spectacle_n lie_v as_o it_o be_v half_o dead_a and_o past_a all_o recovery_n until_o the_o day_n of_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n who_o some_o write_v false_o to_o have_v win_v it_o by_o assault_n but_o oxonia_n write_v amiss_o in_o the_o copy_n for_o exonia_n that_o be_v excester_n deceive_v they_o and_o that_o it_o be_v at_o that_o time_n a_o place_n of_o study_n and_o student_n may_v be_v understand_v out_o of_o these_o word_n of_o ingulph_n who_o in_o that_o age_n flourish_v ay_o ingulph_n say_v he_o being_n first_o place_v in_o westminster_n and_o afterward_o send_v to_o the_o university_n study_n of_o oxford_n when_o as_o in_o learning_n of_o aristotle_n i_o have_v profit_v above_o my_o fellow_n of_o the_o same_o time_n etc._n etc._n for_o those_o school_n of_o learning_n which_o we_o call_v academy_n or_o university_n that_o age_n term_v studia_fw-la that_o be_v study_n as_o i_o will_v show_v anon_o but_o at_o this_o very_a time_n it_o be_v so_o empoverish_v that_o whereas_o within_o the_o wall_n and_o without_o i_o speak_v out_o of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n his_o domesday_n book_n there_o be_v about_o seven_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o house_n beside_o four_o and_o twenty_o mansion_n upon_o the_o wall_n five_o hundred_o of_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o pay_v their_o subsidy_n or_o imposition_n and_o to_o use_v the_o very_a word_n of_o that_o book_n this_o city_n pay_v pro_fw-la tribute_n theloneo_fw-la et_fw-la gablo_fw-mi and_o for_o other_o custom_n by_o the_o year_n to_o the_o king_n twenty_o pound_n and_o six_o quart_n of_o honey_n and_o unto_o earl_n algar_n ten_o pound_n about_o this_o time_n robert_n d'oy_o a_o noble_a man_n of_o normandy_n of_o who_o i_o have_v before_o speak_v when_o he_o have_v receive_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n in_o reward_n of_o his_o service_n in_o the_o war_n large_a possession_n in_o this_o shire_n build_v a_o spacious_a castle_n in_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o city_n with_o deep_a ditch_n rampire_n a_o high_a raise_v mount_n and_o therein_o a_o parish_n church_n to_o saint_n george_n unto_o which_o when_o as_o the_o parishioner_n can_v not_o have_v access_n by_o reason_n that_o king_n stephen_n most_o straight_o besiege_v maude_n the_o empress_n within_o this_o castle_n 1074._o saint_n thomas_n chapel_n in_o the_o street_n hard_o by_o be_v build_v he_o also_o abbey_n as_o it_o be_v think_v fortify_v the_o whole_a city_n with_o new_a wall_n which_o by_o little_a and_o little_a time_n do_v force_n and_o as_o it_o be_v embreach_n with_o his_o assault_n robert_n likewise_o nephew_n unto_o he_o by_o his_o brother_n neale_n and_o chamberlain_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o found_v ousney_n or_o osney_n osney_n a_o most_o stately_a abbey_n as_o the_o ruin_n do_v yet_o show_v amid_o the_o divide_a water_n 1129._o not_o far_o from_o the_o castle_n persuade_v thereto_o by_o edith_n his_o wife_n the_o daughter_n of_o forne_o who_o before_o time_n have_v be_v one_o of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o his_o sweet_a heart_n and_o lig-bies_a about_o those_o time_n as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o chronicle_n of_o the_o say_v osney_n abbey_n robert_n pulein_n begin_v to_o read_v in_o oxford_n the_o holy_a scripture_n in_o england_n now_o grow_v out_o of_o request_n who_o afterward_o when_o as_o by_o his_o doctrine_n the_o english_a and_o frenchman_n both_o have_v much_o profit_v be_v call_v by_o pope_n lucius_n the_o second_o and_o promote_v to_o be_v chancellor_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n also_o write_v john_n rosse_n of_o warwick_n by_o the_o procurement_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o the_o divinity_z lecture_n which_o have_v discontinue_v a_o long_a time_n in_o oxford_n begin_v again_o to_o flourish_v and_o there_o he_o build_v a_o palace_n which_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o at_o length_n convert_v into_o a_o covent_n of_o carmelits_n but_o long_o before_o this_o time_n in_o this_o palace_n be_v bear_v into_o the_o world_n that_o lion-hearted_n knight_n lion_n richard_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n common_o call_v ceeur_fw-fr de_fw-fr lion_n a_o prince_n of_o a_o most_o haughty_a mind_n and_o full_a of_o resolution_n bear_v for_o the_o weal_n of_o christendom_n the_o honour_n of_o england_n and_o the_o terror_n of_o infidel_n upon_o who_o death_n a_o poet_n in_o that_o age_n of_o no_o mean_a conceit_n versify_v thus_o for_o that_o his_o remain_v be_v inter_v in_o diverse_a place_n viscera_n carcelorum_fw-la corpus_fw-la fons_n seruat_fw-la ebrardi_n et_fw-la cor_fw-la rhothomagum_fw-la magne_n richard_n tuum_fw-la in_o tria_fw-la dividitur_fw-la unus_fw-la qui_fw-la plus_fw-la fuit_fw-la uno_fw-la nec_fw-la superest_fw-la uno_fw-la gloria_fw-la tanta_fw-la viro_fw-la hîc_fw-la richard_n jaces_fw-la sed_fw-la mors_fw-la si_fw-la cederet_fw-la armis_fw-la victa_fw-la timore_fw-la tui_fw-la cederet_fw-la ipsa_fw-la tuis_fw-la thy_o bowel_n keep_v his_o carceolum_n thy_o corpse_n font_n everard_n and_o rouen_n thy_o valiant_a lion_n heart_n o_o noble_a great_a richard_n thus_o one_o three_o fold_v divide_v be_v for_o more_o he_o be_v then_o one_o and_o for_o that_o one_o so_o great_a he_o be_v such_o glory_n be_v in_o none_o here_o lie_v thou_o richard_n but_o if_o death_n to_o force_v of_o arm_n can_v yield_v for_o fear_v of_o thou_o he_o will_v to_o thou_o have_v give_v as_o lose_v the_o field_n thus_o after_o the_o city_n be_v refresh_v again_o with_o these_o building_n many_o begin_v to_o flock_v hither_o as_o it_o be_v to_o a_o mart_n of_o learning_n and_o virtue_n and_o by_o the_o industrious_a mean_n especial_o of_o that_o robert_n pulein_n a_o man_n bear_v to_o promote_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o learning_n who_o refuse_v no_o pain_n but_o labour_v all_o that_o he_o can_v to_o set_v open_a again_o those_o well_o spring_v of_o good_a literature_n which_o have_v be_v stop_v up_o through_o the_o favour_n especial_o of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o king_n richard_n his_o son_n of_o who_o i_o speak_v ere_o while_n and_o these_o endeavour_n of_o pulein_n speed_v so_o well_o and_o take_v so_o good_a effect_n that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n there_o be_v here_o three_o thousand_o student_n who_o all_o at_o once_o every_o one_o change_v their_o habitation_n to_o reding_n and_o partly_o to_o cambridge_n because_o the_o citizen_n seem_v to_o wrong_v and_o abuse_v overmuch_o these_o student_n and_o professor_n of_o learning_n but_o after_o this_o tumult_n be_v appease_v they_o return_v within_o a_o short_a time_n then_o and_o in_o the_o age_n present_o ensue_v as_o god_n provide_v this_o city_n for_o good_a learning_n so_o he_o raise_v up_o a_o number_n of_o very_o good_a prince_n and_o prelate_n to_o the_o good_a thereof_o who_o for_o the_o adorn_v and_o maintenance_n of_o learning_n extend_v their_o liberality_n in_o the_o high_a degree_n for_o when_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o have_v by_o way_n of_o pilgrimage_n visit_v saint_n frideswide_a a_o thing_n beforetime_n think_v to_o be_v a_o heinous_a offence_n in_o a_o prince_n for_o the_o dishonour_n offer_v to_o she_o by_o algar_n a_o prince_n and_o so_o remove_v that_o superstitious_a fear_n wherewith_o some_o superstitious_a priest_n have_v for_o a_o time_n fright_a prince_n from_o once_o come_v to_o oxford_n and_o have_v assemble_v here_o a_o very_a great_a parliament_n for_o the_o compose_n of_o certain_a controversy_n between_o he_o and_o the_o baron_n he_o confirm_v the_o privilege_n grant_v by_o the_o former_a king_n and_o confer_v also_o some_o other_o himself_o so_o that_o by_o this_o time_n there_o be_v so_o great_a store_n of_o learned_a man_n that_o divers_a most_o skilful_a in_o divinity_n as_o well_o as_o in_o humanity_n be_v in_o great_a number_n spread_v from_o thence_o both_o into_o the_o church_n and_o commonwealth_n and_o matthew_n paris_n in_o plain_a term_n call_v the_o university_n of_o oxford_n the_o second_o school_n of_o the_o church_n nay_o rather_o a_o ground_n work_n of_o the_o church_n next_o after_o paris_n for_o with_o the_o name_n of_o university_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v before_o time_n honour_v oxford_n which_o title_n at_o that_o time_n by_o their_o decree_n they_o vouchsafe_v to_o none_o but_o unto_o that_o of_o paris_n this_o of_o oxford_n unto_o bononia_n in_o italy_n and_o salamanca_n in_o spain_n and_o in_o the_o council_n of_o vienna_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v erect_v school_n for_o the_o hebrew_n greek_a arabic_a and_o chaldaean_a tongue_n in_o the_o study_n of_o paris_n oxford_n bononie_n and_o quinto_fw-la salamanca_n as_o the_o most_o famous_a of_o all_o other_o to_o the_o end_n
and_o a_o man_n may_v true_o suppose_v that_o those_o two_o castle_n which_o fitz-stephen_n record_v to_o have_v be_v at_o the_o east_n side_n of_o this_o city_n go_v both_o to_o the_o make_n of_o this_o one_o the_o other_o fort_n be_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o city_n where_o fleet_n a_o little_a riveret_n whence_o fleetstreet_n take_v name_n now_o of_o no_o account_n but_o in_o time_n past_o able_a to_o bear_v vessel_n as_o i_o have_v read_v in_o the_o parliament_n roll_n shed_v itself_o into_o the_o tamis_n fitz-stephen_n call_v this_o the_o palatine_a tower_n or_o castle_n and_o they_o write_v that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n it_o be_v consume_v by_o fire_n out_o of_o the_o ruin_n whereof_o both_o a_o great_a part_n of_o paul_n church_n be_v new_o build_v and_o also_o in_o the_o very_a plot_n of_o ground_n where_o it_o stand_v robert_n kilwarby_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n found_v a_o religious_a house_n for_o dominican_n friar_n whereupon_o we_o call_v the_o place_n black_a friar_n whereby_o a_o man_n may_v easy_o guess_v of_o what_o bigness_n it_o be_v howbeit_o there_o stand_v in_o that_o place_n in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o gervase_n of_o tilbury_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v otia_fw-la imperiatia_n be_v my_o author_n two_o fort_n or_o castle_n build_v with_o wall_n and_o rampire_n the_o one_o whereof_o belong_v to_o bainard_n the_o other_o to_o the_o baron_n of_o montfichet_n by_o right_n of_o succession_n but_o nothing_o remain_v of_o they_o at_o this_o day_n yet_o some_o think_v that_o pembroch_o house_n be_v a_o piece_n of_o they_o which_o we_o term_v bainard_n castle_n of_o william_n bainard_n a_o noble_a man_n lord_n of_o dunmow_n 21._o who_o possession_n sometime_o it_o be_v who_o successor_n the_o fitz-walters_a be_v in_o right_a of_o inheritance_n the_o ensign_n bearer_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o among_o they_o robert_n fitz-walter_n have_v licence_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o to_o sell_v the_o site_n of_o bainard_n castle_n to_o the_o say_a archbishop_n robert_n neither_o be_v this_o city_n at_o that_o time_n wall_v only_o but_o also_o when_o the_o flamen_n or_o pagan_a priest_n be_v take_v away_o and_o christian_a religion_n establish_v under_o that_o good_a emperor_n a_o bishop_n be_v install_v in_o his_o room_n for_o it_o appear_v that_o at_o the_o council_n of_o arles_n which_o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 314._o be_v hold_v under_o constantine_n the_o great_a the_o bishop_n of_o london_n be_v present_a for_o he_o subscribe_v as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o first_o tome_n of_o the_o counsel_n in_o this_o manner_n restitutus_n bishop_n in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o britain_n which_o restitutus_n and_o his_o successor_n have_v their_o seat_n and_o resiance_n as_o some_o affirm_v at_o saint_n peter_n in_o cornhill_n hereafter_o london_n flourish_v in_o such_o honour_n that_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v call_v augusta_n and_o by_o that_o name_n be_v famous_a under_o the_o emperor_n valentinian_n for_o amianus_n marcellinus_n in_o his_o 27._o book_n write_v thus_o augusta_n and_o go_v forward_o to_o london_n a_o ancient_a town_n which_o the_o posterity_n call_v augusta_n and_o in_o the_o 28._o book_n he_o go_v from_o augusta_n which_o man_n of_o old_a time_n call_v lundi_n whence_o it_o come_v that_o when_o after_o constantine_n time_n there_o be_v a_o mint_n appoint_v therein_o for_o we_o read_v in_o his_o piece_n of_o money_n mint_n which_o he_o stamp_v in_o honour_n of_o his_o father_n constantius_n and_o in_o other_o this_o inscription_n p._n lon._n s._n that_o be_v pecunia_fw-la londini_fw-la signata_fw-la that_o be_v money_n stamp_v at_o london_n he_o that_o have_v the_o charge_n and_o oversee_n thereof_o under_o the_o treasurer_n comes_fw-la sacrarum_fw-la largitionum_fw-la be_v in_o the_o book_n of_o notice_n term_v praepositus_fw-la thesaurorum_fw-la augustensiam_fw-la in_o britannia_fw-la that_o be_v provost_z of_o the_o treasury_n of_o augusta_n or_o london_n in_o britain_n for_o this_o name_n augusta_n be_v a_o name_n full_a of_o much_o dignity_n full_a of_o majesty_n and_o both_o founder_n and_o repairer_n of_o city_n when_o they_o either_o hope_v or_o wish_v that_o such_o city_n will_v become_v flourish_v and_o powerful_a give_v they_o significative_a name_n of_o good_a fortune_n but_o among_o the_o most_o auspicious_a name_n that_o be_v none_o be_v more_o magnificent_a none_o more_o auspicate_v than_o augusta_n for_o this_o of_o augustus_n that_o most_o gracious_a and_o mighty_a emperor_n octavianus_n take_v unto_o himself_o not_o without_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o best_a learned_a surname_v he_o be_v say_v dio_n augustus_n as_o one_o of_o great_a majesty_n above_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n for_o what_o thing_n be_v most_o honourable_a and_o sacred_a be_v call_v augusta_n neither_o have_v london_n this_o name_n for_o so_o high_a a_o honour_n without_o the_o licence_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n for_o that_o name_n can_v not_o be_v impose_v to_o city_n without_o licence_n virgil_n note_v in_o that_o verse_n of_o he_o urbem_fw-la appellabant_fw-la permisso_fw-la nomine_fw-la acestam_fw-la the_o city_n by_o permission_n acesta_n they_o do_v name_n but_o as_o continuance_n of_o time_n have_v outwear_v this_o so_o honourable_a a_o name_n of_o augusta_n so_o it_o have_v confirm_v that_o other_o more_o ancient_a name_n londinum_n while_o it_o enjoy_v the_o foresay_a name_n augusta_n it_o escape_v fair_a from_o destruction_n by_o a_o rebellious_a rout_n of_o ransacker_n but_o theodosius_n the_o father_n of_o theodosius_n the_o emperor_n do_v cut_v they_o in_o piece_n while_o they_o be_v encumber_v with_o their_o spoil_n and_o enter_v as_o marcianus_n say_v with_o exceed_v great_a joy_n in_o triumphant_a manner_n into_o the_o city_n distress_v before_o and_o overwhelm_v with_o grievous_a calamity_n and_o march_v with_o his_o army_n from_o thence_o he_o by_o his_o valiant_a prowess_n so_o free_v britain_n from_o those_o intolerable_a misery_n and_o danger_n wherewith_o it_o be_v beset_v that_o the_o roman_n as_o witness_v symmachus_n honour_v he_o among_o other_o ancient_a worthy_n and_o man_n of_o honourable_a renown_n with_o the_o statue_n of_o a_o man_n of_o arm_n not_o long_o after_o when_o the_o roman_n empire_n in_o britain_n be_v come_v to_o a_o end_n in_o that_o public_a destiny_n and_o fatal_a fall_n of_o the_o whole_a state_n it_o fall_v into_o the_o english-saxons_a hand_n but_o in_o what_o sort_n it_o be_v not_o agree_v upon_o among_o writer_n for_o i_o own_o part_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o vortigern_n to_o redeem_v himself_o be_v take_v prisoner_n deliver_v it_o for_o his_o ransom_n unto_o heng_a the_o saxon_a consider_v that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o east-saxons_a who_o country_n as_o writer_n do_v record_n vortigerne_v upon_o that_o condition_n make_v over_o unto_o heng_a at_o which_o time_n the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n go_v to_o wrack_n and_o endure_v sore_a affliction_n the_o pastor_n be_v either_o slay_v or_o force_v to_o fly_v their_o flock_n drive_v away_o and_o after_o havoc_n make_v of_o all_o as_o well_o church_n good_n as_o other_o theon_n the_o last_o bishop_n of_o london_n of_o british_a blood_n be_v fain_o to_o hide_v the_o holy_a relic_n of_o saint_n for_o a_o memorial_n as_o my_o author_n say_v and_o not_o for_o any_o superstition_n remembrance_n but_o although_o those_o day_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a be_v such_o as_o that_o a_o man_n may_v true_o say_v mars_n then_o brandish_v and_o shake_v his_o weapon_n yet_o be_v london_n never_o the_o less_o as_o bede_n testify_v a_o town_n of_o trade_n and_o traffic_n frequent_v with_o many_o nation_n resort_v thither_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n but_o afterward_o when_o a_o more_o gracious_a gale_n of_o peace_n breathe_v favourable_o upon_o this_o weary_a island_n and_o the_o english-saxons_a begin_v to_o profess_v christianity_n church_n it_o also_o begin_v a_o fresh_a to_o flourish_v again_o for_o aethelbert_n king_n of_o kent_n under_o who_o sebert_n reign_v in_o this_o tract_n as_o it_o be_v his_o vassal_n and_o by_o courtesy_n found_v here_o a_o church_n and_o consecrate_v it_o to_o saint_n paul_n which_o be_v eftsoon_o re-edify_v and_o repair_v become_v at_o length_n most_o stately_a and_o magnificent_a endow_v also_o with_o fair_a live_n and_o revenue_n wherewith_o be_v maintain_v a_o bishop_n a_o dean_n and_o chaunt_a a_o chancellor_n and_o a_o treasurer_n five_o archdeacon_n thirty_o prebendary_n and_o divers_a other_o the_o east_n part_n of_o this_o church_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o new_a and_o curious_o wrought_v have_v under_o it_o a_o very_a fair_a arch_a vault_n which_o also_o be_v saint_n faith_n church_n be_v begin_v of_o the_o ruin_n of_o that_o palatine_a castle_n which_o i_o speak_v of_o by_o maurice_n the_o bishop_n about_o the_o
people_n caster_n but_o now_o have_v lose_v the_o old_a name_n it_o be_v call_v caster_n and_o no_o marvel_n that_o of_o the_o three_o ventae_fw-la city_n of_o britain_n this_o only_o lose_v the_o name_n see_v it_o have_v quite_o lose_v itself_o for_o beside_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o wall_n which_o contain_v within_o a_o square_a plot_n or_o quadrant_a about_o thirty_o acre_n and_o token_n appear_v upon_o the_o ground_n where_o sometime_o house_n stand_v and_o some_o few_o piece_n of_o roman_a money_n which_o be_v now_o and_o then_o there_o dig_v up_o there_o be_v nothing_o at_o all_o remain_v but_o out_o of_o this_o ancient_a venta_n in_o the_o succeed_a age_n norwich_n have_v her_o beginning_n about_o three_o mile_n from_o hence_o near_o unto_o the_o confluent_o of_o yare_a and_o another_o nameless_a river_n some_o call_v it_o bariden_n where_o they_o meet_v in_o one_o which_o river_n with_o a_o long_a course_n run_v in_o and_o out_o by_o fakenham_n which_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o give_v to_o hugh_n capell_n and_o king_n john_n afterward_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o make_v many_o crooked_a reach_n speed_v itself_o this_o way_n by_o attilbridge_n to_o yare_a horsford_n and_o leave_v horsford_n north_n from_o it_o where_o a_o castle_n of_o william_n casineto_fw-la cheney_n who_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o chief_a peer_n of_o england_n lie_v overgrow_v with_o bush_n and_o bramble_n signify_v this_o norwich_n be_v a_o famous_a city_n call_v in_o the_o english_a saxon_a tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o northerly_a creek_n if_o wic_n among_o the_o saxon_n signify_v the_o creek_n or_o cove_n of_o a_o river_n as_o rhenanus_fw-la show_v unto_o we_o for_o in_o this_o very_a place_n the_o river_n run_v down_o amain_o with_o a_o crooked_a and_o wind_a compass_n or_o a_o northern_a station_n if_o wic_n as_o hadrianus_n junius_n will_v have_v it_o betoken_v a_o sure_a and_o secure_a station_n or_o place_n of_o abode_n where_o dwell_v house_n stand_v joint_o and_o close_o together_o or_o a_o northerly_a castle_n if_o wic_n sound_v as_o much_o as_o castle_n as_o our_o grammar_n archbishop_n alfrick_n the_o saxon_a have_v interpret_v it_o but_o if_o i_o shall_v with_o some_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o norwich_n by_o a_o little_a turn_n be_v derive_v from_o venta_n what_o shall_v i_o do_v but_o turn_v awry_o from_o the_o very_a truth_n for_o by_o no_o better_a right_n may_v it_o challenge_v unto_o itself_o the_o name_n of_o venta_n than_o either_o basil_n in_o germany_n the_o name_n of_o augusta_n or_o baldach_n of_o babylon_n for_o like_a as_o baldach_n have_v the_o beginning_n of_o babylon_n fall_n raâ—racorum_n and_o basil_n spring_v from_o the_o ruin_n of_o augusta_n even_o so_o our_o norwich_n appear_v and_o show_v itself_o though_o it_o be_v late_o out_o of_o that_o ancient_a venta_n which_o the_o british_a name_n thereof_o caer_fw-mi guntum_fw-la in_o author_n do_v prove_v wherein_o like_v as_o in_o the_o river_n wentsum_n or_o wentfar_o the_o name_n of_o venta_n do_v most_o plain_o discover_v itself_o for_o this_o name_n norwich_n we_o can_v read_v of_o any_o where_o in_o our_o chronicle_n before_o the_o danish_a war_n so_o far_o be_v it_o off_o that_o either_o caesar_n or_o guiteline_n the_o britain_n build_v it_o as_o they_o write_v who_o be_v more_o hasty_a to_o believe_v all_o than_o to_o weigh_v matter_n with_o sound_a judgement_n but_o now_o very_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o wealth_n the_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n and_o resort_v of_o people_n the_o fair_a building_n and_o fair_a church_n and_o those_o so_o many_o for_o it_o contain_v about_o thirty_o parish_n the_o painful_a industry_n of_o the_o citizen_n their_o loyalty_n towards_o their_o prince_n and_o their_o courtesy_n unto_o stranger_n it_o be_v worthy_o to_o be_v range_v with_o the_o most_o celebrate_v city_n of_o britain_n it_o be_v right_o pleasant_o situate_a on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n two_o and_o fifty_o degree_n and_o forty_o scrupuls_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o four_o and_o twenty_o degree_n and_o five_o and_o fifty_o scrupuls_n in_o longitude_n the_o form_n be_v somewhat_o long_o lie_v out_o in_o length_n from_o south_n to_o north_n a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a but_o carry_v in_o breadth_n about_o half_a so_o much_o draw_v itself_o in_o by_o little_a and_o little_a at_o the_o south_n end_n in_o manner_n as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o cone_n or_o sharp_a point_n compass_a it_o be_v about_o with_o strong_a wall_n in_o which_o be_v orderly_o place_v many_o turret_n and_o twelve_o gate_n unless_o it_o be_v on_o the_o east-side_n where_o the_o river_n after_o it_o have_v with_o many_o wind_n in_o and_o out_o water_v the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o city_n have_v four_o bridge_n for_o man_n to_o pass_v to_o and_o fro_o over_o it_o be_v a_o fence_n thereto_o with_o his_o deep_a channel_n there_o and_o high_a steep_a bank_n in_o the_o very_a infancy_n as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v of_o this_o city_n when_o etheldred_n a_o witless_a and_o unadvised_a prince_n reign_v sueno_n or_o swan_n the_o dane_n who_o range_v at_o his_o pleasure_n through_o england_n with_o a_o great_a rabble_n of_o spoil_v ravenour_n first_o put_v it_o to_o the_o sack_n and_o afterward_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n yet_o it_o revive_v again_o and_o as_o we_o read_v in_o that_o domesday_n book_n wherein_o william_n the_o conqueror_n take_v the_o review_n of_o all_o england_n there_o be_v by_o account_n in_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n time_n no_o few_o than_o one_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o burgess_n in_o it_o at_o which_o time_n that_o i_o may_v speak_v out_o of_o the_o same_o book_n it_o pay_v unto_o the_o king_n twenty_o pound_n and_o to_o the_o earl_n ten_o pound_n and_o beside_o all_o this_o twenty_o shilling_n and_o four_o prebendary_n and_o six_o sextar_n of_o honey_n also_o a_o bear_n and_o six_o dog_n for_o to_o bait_v the_o bear_n but_o now_o it_o pai_v seventy_o pound_n by_o weight_n to_o the_o king_n and_o a_o hundred_o shilling_n for_o a_o it_o gersume_v to_o the_o queen_n and_o a_o amble_a palfrey_n also_o twenty_o pound_n blanc_n to_o the_o earl_n and_o twenty_o shilling_n for_o a_o gersume_v by_o tale_n but_o while_o the_o say_a king_n william_n reign_v that_o flame_a fire_n of_o fatal_a sedition_n which_o raulph_n earl_n of_o east_n england_n have_v kindle_v against_o the_o king_n settle_a itself_o here_o for_o when_o he_o have_v save_v himself_o by_o flight_n his_o wife_n together_o with_o the_o french_a briton_n endure_v in_o this_o place_n a_o most_o grievous_a siege_n even_o to_o extreme_a famine_n yet_o at_o length_n drive_v she_o be_v to_o this_o hard_a pinch_n that_o she_o flee_v the_o land_n and_o this_o city_n be_v so_o impair_v that_o scarce_o 560._o burgess_n be_v leave_v in_o it_o as_o we_o read_v in_o that_o domesday_n book_n of_o this_o yield_a up_o of_o the_o city_n lanfrank_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n make_v mention_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o king_n william_n in_o these_o word_n your_o kingdom_n be_v purge_v of_o these_o villainous_a and_o filthy_a briton_n the_o castle_n of_o norwich_n be_v render_v up_o into_o your_o hand_n and_o the_o briton_n who_o be_v therein_o and_o have_v land_n in_o england_n have_v life_n and_o limb_n grant_v unto_o they_o be_v swear_v within_o forty_o day_n to_o depart_v out_o of_o your_o realm_n and_o not_o enter_v any_o more_o into_o it_o without_o your_o leave_n and_o licence_n from_o that_o time_n begin_v it_o again_o to_o recover_v itself_o by_o little_a and_o little_a out_o of_o this_o deluge_n of_o calamity_n and_o bishop_n herbert_n who_o good_a name_n be_v crack_v for_o his_o foul_a simony_n translate_v the_o episcopal_a see_v from_o thetford_n hither_o and_o build_v up_o a_o very_a fair_a cathedral_n church_n on_o the_o east_n side_n and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o city_n in_o a_o certain_a place_n then_o call_v cow-holme_a near_o unto_o the_o castle_n the_o first_o stone_n whereof_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n william_n rufus_n and_o in_o the_o year_n after_o christ_n nativity_n 1096._o himself_n lay_v with_o this_o inscription_n dominus_fw-la herbertus_n posuit_fw-la primum_fw-la lapidem_fw-la in_o nomine_fw-la patris_fw-la filii_fw-la et_fw-la spiritus_fw-la sancti_fw-la amen_o that_o be_v lord_n bishop_n herbert_n lay_v the_o first_o stone_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n the_o son_n and_o holy_a ghost_n amen_o afterward_o he_o procure_v of_o pope_n paschal_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v establish_v and_o confirm_v for_o the_o mother_n church_n of_o norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n he_o endow_v it_o bountiful_o with_o as_o much_o land_n as_o may_v sufficient_o maintain_v threescore_o monk_n who_o have_v there_o fair_a and_o spacious_a cloister_n
but_o after_o that_o they_o be_v thrust_v out_o by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o there_o be_v substitute_v for_o they_o a_o dean_n six_o prebendary_n and_o other_o the_o church_n be_v thus_o build_v and_o a_o episcopal_a see_v there_o place_v the_o town_n now_o as_o say_v william_n of_o malmesbury_n become_v of_o great_a name_n for_o frequent_a trade_n of_o merchant_n and_o resort_n of_o people_n and_o in_o the_o 17._o year_n of_o king_n stephen_n as_o we_o read_v in_o old_a annal_n norwich_n be_v found_v a_o new_a become_v a_o well_o people_a city_n and_o be_v make_v a_o corporation_n and_o most_o certain_a it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o king_n record_n that_o king_n stephen_n grant_v it_o unto_o his_o son_n william_n for_o his_o appennage_n as_o they_o term_v it_o or_o inheritance_n out_o of_o who_o hand_n king_n henry_n the_o second_o short_o after_o wrest_v it_o by_o composition_n and_o keep_v it_o for_o himself_o and_o albeit_o his_o son_n henry_n call_v the_o young_a king_n when_o he_o aspire_v ambitious_o to_o the_o kingdom_n have_v make_v a_o large_a promise_n thereof_o unto_o hugh_n bigod_n earl_n of_o norfolk_n who_o he_o have_v draw_v to_o side_n with_o he_o at_o which_o time_n bigod_n take_v part_n with_o the_o young_a king_n who_o can_v not_o contain_v his_o hope_n of_o the_o kingdom_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o duty_n and_o equity_n most_o grievous_o afflict_v and_o oppress_v this_o city_n and_o then_o as_o it_o be_v think_v re-edify_v that_o castle_n stand_v within_o the_o very_a city_n upon_o a_o high_a hill_n near_o unto_o the_o cathedral_n church_n which_o be_v compass_v with_o a_o ditch_n of_o a_o wonderful_a depth_n seem_v in_o those_o day_n impregnable_a which_o notwithstanding_o lewis_n the_o frenchman_n with_o who_o the_o seditious_a baron_n of_o england_n combine_v against_o king_n john_n win_v it_o easy_o by_o siege_n now_o that_o bigod_n re-edify_v this_o castle_n i_o very_o believe_v because_o i_o have_v see_v lion_n salient_a engrave_v there_o in_o a_o stone_n after_o the_o same_o form_n that_o the_o bigod_n use_v in_o time_n pass_v in_o their_o seal_n of_o who_o also_o there_o be_v one_o that_o in_o his_o seal_n use_v a_o crosse._n these_o thing_n fall_v out_o in_o the_o first_o age_n we_o may_v say_v of_o norwich_n but_o in_o the_o age_n next_o ensue_v it_o increase_v mighty_o and_o flourish_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o citizen_n grow_v to_o be_v pass_o wealthy_a who_o exhibit_v a_o supplication_n in_o the_o parliament_n house_n unto_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o that_o they_o may_v be_v permit_v to_o wall_n their_o city_n about_o which_o they_o afterward_o perform_v to_o the_o exceed_a great_a strengthen_v and_o honour_n thereof_o they_o obtain_v moreover_o of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o that_o the_o worsted_n make_v there_o may_v be_v transport_v and_o in_o the_o year_n 1403._o king_n henry_n the_o four_o grant_v that_o they_o may_v choose_v every_o year_n a_o major_a in_o stead_n of_o their_o bailiff_n which_o before_o be_v the_o principal_a magistrate_n they_o build_v likewise_o a_o pass_a fair_a town-house_n in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o city_n near_o unto_o the_o mercat-place_n which_o on_o certain_a set_a day_n be_v furnish_v exceed_v well_o with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o man_n life_n and_o very_o much_o behold_v it_o be_v unto_o the_o country_n netherlander_n that_o be_v weary_a of_o duke_n de_fw-fr alba_n his_o cruelty_n and_o hate_v the_o bloody_a inquisition_n repair_v hither_o in_o great_a number_n and_o first_o bring_v in_o the_o make_n and_o trade_n of_o say_v bay_n and_o other_o stuff_n now_o much_o in_o use_n but_o why_o shall_v i_o stand_v long_o upon_o these_o thing_n when_o as_o alexander_n nevil_n a_o gentleman_n well_o bear_v and_o very_o learned_a have_v notable_o describe_v all_o these_o matter_n together_o with_o the_o story_n of_o their_o bishop_n the_o orderly_a succession_n of_o their_o magistrate_n and_o the_o furious_a outrage_n of_o that_o most_o villainous_a rebel_n keâ—_n against_o this_o city_n this_o only_o will_v i_o add_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1583._o the_o citizen_n convey_v water_n out_o of_o the_o river_n through_o pipe_n by_o a_o artificial_a instrument_n or_o water-force_a up_o into_o the_o high_a place_n of_o the_o city_n here_o i_o may_v just_o commence_v a_o action_n both_o against_o polydore_n virgil_n a_o italian_a and_o also_o against_o angelus_n capellus_n a_o frenchman_n and_o put_v they_o to_o their_o answer_n before_o the_o tribunal_n of_o venerable_a antiquity_n why_o they_o have_v avouch_v that_o the_o ancient_a ordovices_n who_o be_v seat_v as_o it_o be_v in_o another_o world_n inhabit_v this_o norwich_n i_o will_v have_v the_o same_o merry_a action_n also_o against_o our_o country_n man_n d._n caius_n but_o that_o i_o know_v for_o certain_a that_o the_o good_a old_a man_n right_o learn_v though_o he_o be_v be_v blind_v in_o this_o point_n with_o the_o natural_a love_n of_o this_o his_o own_o native_a country_n neither_o have_v i_o more_o to_o say_v of_o norwich_n unless_o it_o may_v please_v you_o to_o run_v over_o these_o verse_n of_o master_n john_n jonston_n a_o scottish-britan_n write_v of_o the_o same_o vrbs_fw-la speciosa_fw-la situ_fw-la nitidis_fw-la pulcherrima_fw-la tectis_fw-la grata_n peregrinis_fw-la delitiosa_fw-la suis._n bellorum_fw-la sedes_fw-la trepido_fw-la turbante_fw-la tumultu_fw-la tristia_fw-la neustriaco_fw-it sub_fw-la deuce_fw-la damna_fw-la tulit_fw-la victis_fw-la dissidijs_fw-la postquam_fw-la caput_fw-la ardua_fw-la coelo_fw-la extulit_fw-la immensis_fw-la crevit_fw-la opima_fw-la opibus_fw-la cultus_fw-la vincit_fw-la opes_fw-la &_o cultum_fw-la gratia_fw-la rerum_fw-la quam_fw-la benè_fw-la si_fw-mi luxus_fw-la non_fw-la comitetur_fw-la opes_fw-la omnia_fw-la sic_fw-la adeò_fw-la sola_fw-la haec_fw-la sibi_fw-la sufficit_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la for_o his_o regno_fw-la desit_fw-la haec_fw-la caput_fw-la esse_fw-la queat_fw-la a_o city_n seat_v dainty_o most_o fair_a build_v she_o be_v know_v please_a and_o kind_a to_o stranger_n all_o delightful_a to_o her_o own_o the_o seat_n of_o war_n while_o civil_a stir_n and_o tumult_n yet_o remain_v in_o william_n the_o norman_n day_n she_o grievous_a loss_n sustain_v these_o broil_n and_o jar_n once_o past_a when_o as_o her_o head_n aloft_o again_o she_o bear_v in_o richness_n infinite_a and_o wealth_n she_o grow_v amain_o her_o port_n exceed_v that_o wealth_n and_o thing_n all_o superfine_n this_o port_n how_o happy_a be_v it_o if_o excess_n with_o such_o wealth_n do_v not_o sort_n so_o all_o sufficient_a in_o herself_o and_o so_o complete_a be_v she_o that_o if_o need_n be_v of_o all_o the_o realm_n the_o mistress_n she_o may_v be_v from_o norwich_n the_o river_n yare_a have_v entertain_v other_o beacke_n and_o brook_n as_o guest_n yet_o all_o under_o his_o own_o name_n pass_v on_o still_o with_o many_o wind_a crook_n very_o full_a of_o the_o fish_n call_v ruff_n historia_fw-la which_o name_n because_o in_o english_a it_o sound_v like_a to_o rough_a d._n caius_n name_v it_o apt_o in_o latin_a aspredo_n that_o be_v rough._n for_o it_o be_v all_o the_o body_n over_o rough_a and_o have_v very_o sharp_a and_o pricky_a fin_n it_o delight_v in_o sandy_a place_n for_o shape_n and_o bigness_n like_v unto_o a_o perch_n in_o colour_n brown_a and_o duskish_a above_o but_o palish_a yellow_a beneath_o mark_v by_o the_o chaw_v with_o a_o double_a course_n of_o half-circle_n the_o eye_n for_o the_o upper_a half_n of_o it_o of_o a_o dark_a brown_a for_o the_o nether_a somewhat_o yellowish_a like_o delay_a gold_n the_o ball_n and_o sight_n thereof_o black_a this_o special_a mark_n by_o it_o self_n it_o have_v that_o there_o be_v a_o line_n go_v along_o the_o back_n and_o fasten_v to_o the_o body_n as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o overthwart_a thread_n all_o to_o bespot_v over_o the_o tail_n and_o fin_n with_o black_a specke_n which_o fin_n when_o the_o fish_n be_v angry_a stand_v up_o and_o bristle_v stiff_a and_o strong_a but_o when_o the_o anger_n be_v allay_v they_o fall_v flat_a again_o the_o meat_n of_o this_o ruff_n resemble_v that_o of_o the_o perch_n much_o commend_v for_o holsomnesse_n and_o for_o eat_v tender_a and_o short_a *_o when_o yâ—re_o be_v go_v past_o claxton_n where_o there_o stand_v a_o castlet_n build_v round_o which_o sir_n thomas_n gawdy_n knight_n justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n of_o late_o repair_v it_o receive_v a_o brook_n which_o pass_v by_o nothing_o memorable_a but_o halles-hall_n halles-hall_n and_o that_o only_a memorable_a for_o his_o ancient_a owner_n sir_n james_n hobart_n attorney_n general_n and_o of_o the_o privy_a counsel_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o by_o he_o dub_v knight_n at_o such_o time_n as_o he_o create_v henry_n his_o son_n prince_n of_o wales_n who_o by_o building_n from_o the_o ground_n the_o fair_a church_n at_o loddon_n be_v his_o parish_n church_n hobart_n saint_n olave_n bridge_n over_o
picot_n sheriff_n of_o this_o shire_n and_o of_o the_o peverels_n from_o who_o by_o one_o of_o the_o daughter_n this_o and_o other_o possession_n come_v unto_o sir_n gilbert_n pech_n the_o last_o of_o who_o house_n after_o he_o have_v otherwise_o advance_v his_o child_n by_o his_o second_o wife_n person_n ordain_v king_n edward_n the_o first_o to_o be_v his_o heir_n for_o in_o those_o day_n the_o noble_a man_n of_o england_n bring_v into_o use_n again_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n under_o their_o emperor_n which_o be_v to_o nominate_v they_o their_o heir_n if_o they_o be_v in_o any_o disfavour_n with_o their_o sovereign_n but_o in_o the_o baron_n war_n in_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o his_o day_n this_o castle_n be_v burn_v down_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o ribald_a l'_fw-mi isle_n at_o which_o time_n walter_n de_fw-fr cottenham_n a_o respective_a person_n be_v hang_v for_o rebellion_n by_o what_o name_n writer_n term_v this_o river_n it_o be_v a_o question_n some_o call_v it_o granta_n other_o camus_n and_o unto_o these_o i_o rather_o incline_v both_o for_o that_o the_o course_n thereof_o be_v somewhat_o crooked_a for_o so_o much_o do_v cam_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n signify_v whence_o a_o certain_a crooked_a river_n in_o cornwall_n be_v name_v camel_n and_o also_o because_o that_o ancient_a town_n camboritum_n camboritum_n which_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n mention_v in_o his_o three_o journey_n of_o britain_n stand_v upon_o this_o river_n as_o i_o be_o well_o near_o induce_v to_o believe_v by_o the_o distance_n by_o the_o name_n and_o also_o by_o the_o piece_n of_o roman_a money_n find_v here_o nigh_o unto_o the_o bridge_n in_o great_a store_n for_o camboritum_n signify_v a_o fourd_v at_o camus_n or_o a_o fourd_v with_o crooked_a wind_n french_a for_o rith_n in_o our_o british_a or_o welsh_a tongue_n betoken_v a_o fourd_v which_o i_o note_v to_o this_o end_n that_o the_o frenchman_n may_v more_o easy_o perceive_v and_o see_v what_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o augustoritum_n darioritum_fw-la rithomagus_fw-la and_o other_o such_o like_a in_o france_n howbeit_o the_o saxon_n choose_v rather_o to_o call_v our_o camboritum_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d grantcester_n which_o name_n it_o keep_v still_o but_o whence_o it_o be_v derive_v i_o can_v yet_o see_v if_o i_o shall_v fetch_v it_o from_o gron_n a_o saxon_a word_n that_o signify_v a_o fenny_a place_n i_o may_v perhaps_o go_v wide_a and_o yet_o asserius_fw-la term_v once_o or_o twice_o certain_a fennish_a and_o marish_a ground_n in_o somersetshire_n by_o a_o mongrel_n name_n half_a saxon_a and_o half_a latin_a gronna_n paludosissimas_fw-la and_o very_o well_o know_v it_o be_v that_o a_o city_n in_o west_n friesland_n which_o be_v situate_a in_o such_o a_o ground_n be_v name_v groningen_n but_o let_v other_o hunt_v after_o the_o derivation_n of_o this_o name_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 700._o this_o be_v a_o little_a desolate_a city_n as_o say_v bede_n while_o he_o report_v that_o near_a unto_o the_o wall_n there_o be_v find_v a_o little_a trough_n or_o coffin_n very_o cunning_o and_o fine_o wrought_v of_o marble_n and_o cover_v most_o fit_o with_o a_o lid_n of_o the_o like_a stone_n but_o now_o a_o small_a village_n it_o be_v one_o part_n whereof_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n give_v unto_o his_o base_a son_n henry_n with_o this_o condition_n that_o his_o son_n and_o their_o posterity_n which_o a_o good_a while_n since_o be_v clean_o wear_v out_o shall_v have_v no_o other_o christian_a name_n but_o henry_n the_o other_o part_n henry_n the_o six_z king_n of_o england_n come_v out_o of_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n into_o who_o hand_n the_o patrimony_n of_o earl_n lacie_n fall_v grant_v unto_o the_o king_n college_n in_o cambridge_n cambridge_n which_o be_v either_o a_o part_n or_o else_o a_o plant_n of_o that_o ancient_a camboritum_n so_o near_o it_o come_v unto_o it_o both_o in_o situation_n and_o name_n neither_o can_v i_o easy_o believe_v that_o grant_v be_v turn_v into_o cam_n for_o this_o may_v seem_v a_o deflexion_n some_o what_o too_o hardly_o strain_v wherein_o all_o the_o letter_n but_o one_o be_v quite_o swallow_v up_o i_o will_v rather_o think_v that_o the_o common_a people_n retain_v the_o term_n of_o the_o ancient_a name_n of_o camboritum_n or_o of_o the_o river_n cam_n although_o writer_n use_v more_o often_o the_o saxon_a name_n grantbridge_n this_o city_n which_o be_v the_o other_o university_n of_o england_n the_o other_o eye_n the_o other_o strong-stay_a as_o it_o be_v thereof_o and_o a_o most_o famous_a mart_n and_o store-house_n of_o good_a literature_n and_o godliness_n stand_v upon_o the_o river_n cam_n which_o after_o it_o have_v in_o sport_v wise_a besprinkle_v the_o west_n side_n thereof_o with_o many_o islet_n turn_v into_o the_o east_n divide_v it_o into_o two_o part_n and_o have_v a_o bridge_n over_o it_o whence_o arise_v this_o latter_a name_n cambridge_n beyond_o the_o bridge_n be_v see_v a_o large_a and_o ancient_a castle_n which_o seem_v now_o to_o have_v live_v out_o his_o full_a time_n nigh_o maudlin_a college_n on_o this_o side_n the_o bridge_n where_o stand_v the_o great_a part_n by_o far_o of_o the_o city_n you_o have_v a_o pleasant_a sight_n every_o where_o to_o the_o eye_n what_o of_o fair_a street_n orderly_o range_v what_o of_o a_o number_n of_o church_n and_o of_o sixteen_o college_n sacred_a mansion_n of_o the_o muse_n wherein_o a_o number_n of_o great_a learned_a man_n be_v maintain_v and_o wherein_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o best_a art_n and_o the_o skill_n in_o tongue_n so_o flourish_v that_o they_o may_v be_v right_o count_v the_o fountain_n of_o literature_n religion_n and_o all_o knowledge_n whatsoever_o who_o right_a sweet_o bedew_v and_o sprinkle_v with_o most_o wholesome_a water_n the_o garden_n of_o the_o church_n and_o commonwealth_n through_o england_n neither_o be_v there_o want_v any_o thing_n here_o that_o a_o man_n may_v require_v in_o a_o most_o flourish_a university_n be_v it_o not_o that_o the_o air_n be_v somewhat_o unhealthful_a arise_v as_o it_o do_v out_o of_o a_o fenny_a ground_n hard_o by_o and_o yet_o peradventure_o they_o that_o first_o found_v a_o university_n in_o that_o place_n allow_v of_o plato_n judgement_n for_o he_o be_v of_o a_o very_a excellent_a and_o strong_a constitution_n of_o body_n choose_v out_o the_o academia_n a_o unwholesome_a place_n of_o attica_n for_o to_o study_v in_o that_o so_o the_o superfluous_a rankness_n of_o body_n which_o may_v overlie_v the_o mind_n may_v be_v keep_v under_o by_o the_o distemperature_n of_o the_o place_n nevertheless_o for_o all_o this_o our_o forefather_n man_n of_o singular_a wisdom_n dedicate_v this_o place_n and_o not_o without_o divine_a direction_n unto_o learned_a study_n and_o beautify_v it_o with_o notable_a work_n and_o building_n and_o lest_o we_o shall_v seem_v in_o the_o worst-kinde_n unthankful_a to_o those_o singular_a patron_n of_o learning_n or_o rather_o that_o i_o may_v use_v the_o word_n of_o eumenius_n towards_o the_o parent_n of_o our_o child_n college_n let_v we_o summary_o rehearse_v both_o themselves_o and_o the_o college_n also_o which_o they_o found_v and_o consecrate_v to_o good_a literature_n to_o their_o honourable_a memory_n and_o that_o out_o of_o the_o cambridge_n story_n the_o report_n go_v that_o cantaber_n a_o spaniard_n 375._o year_n before_o the_o nativity_n of_o christ_n first_o begin_v and_o found_v this_o university_n also_o that_o sebert_n king_n of_o the_o east-angle_n restore_v it_o again_o in_o the_o year_n after_o christ_n birth_n 630._o afterward_o be_v other_o while_n overthrow_v and_o destroy_v with_o the_o danish_a storm_n caius_z it_o lay_v a_o long_a time_n forlorn_a and_o of_o no_o account_n until_o all_o begin_v to_o revive_v under_o the_o norman_n government_n and_o not_o long_o after_o inn_n hostel_n and_o halles_n be_v build_v for_o scholar_n howbeit_o endow_v with_o no_o possession_n but_o hugh_n balsham_n bishop_n of_o ely_n in_o the_o year_n 1284._o build_v the_o first_o college_n call_v peter-house_n and_o endow_v it_o with_o land_n who_o example_n these_o ensue_a do_v imitate_v and_o follow_v richard_n badew_o with_o the_o good_a help_n and_o furtherance_n of_o lady_n elizabeth_n clare_n countess_n of_o ulster_n in_o the_o year_n 1340._o found_v clare_n hall_n lady_n mary_n s._n paul_n countess_n of_o pembroch_o in_o the_o year_n 1347._o pembroch_o hall_n the_o guild_n or_o society_n of_o corpus_fw-la christi_fw-la brethren_n corpus_fw-la christi_fw-la college_n which_o be_v call_v also_o s._n bennet_n college_n william_n bateman_n bishop_n of_o norwich_n about_o the_o year_n 1353._o trinity_n hall_n edmund_n gonevil_n in_o the_o year_n 1348._o and_o john_n caius_n doctor_n of_o physic_n in_o our_o time_n gonevil_n and_o caius_n college_n henry_n the_o six_o king_n
thereof_o for_o in_o this_o tenor_n run_v the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o charter_n she_o likewise_o bestow_v it_o upon_o john_n de_fw-fr lacie_n constable_n of_o chester_n and_o the_o heir_n who_o he_o shall_v beget_v of_o the_o body_n of_o margaret_n her_o daughter_n this_o john_n have_v issue_n edmund_n who_o die_v before_o his_o mother_n leave_v this_o honour_n for_o henry_n his_o son_n to_o enjoy_v who_o be_v the_o last_o earl_n of_o that_o line_n for_o when_o his_o son_n be_v take_v away_o by_o untimely_a death_n and_o he_o have_v but_o one_o little_a daughter_n only_o remain_v alive_a name_v alice_n he_o affiance_v she_o be_v but_o nine_o year_n old_a to_o thomas_n the_o son_n of_o edmund_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n stanlow_n with_o this_o condition_n that_o if_o he_o shall_v fortune_n to_o die_v without_o heir_n of_o her_o body_n or_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o die_v without_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n his_o castle_n lordship_n etc._n etc._n shall_v in_o remainder_n come_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o edmund_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n for_o ever_o but_o the_o say_v alice_n have_v no_o child_n at_o all_o by_o her_o husband_n thomas_n but_o when_o thomas_n her_o husband_n be_v behead_v she_o that_o by_o her_o light_a behaviour_n have_v not_o a_o little_a stein_v her_o good_a name_n take_v sir_n eubul_n le_fw-fr strange_n with_o who_o she_o have_v live_v before_o time_n too_o familiar_o for_o her_o husband_n â—_o without_o the_o assent_n and_o privity_n of_o her_o sovereign_n who_o be_v hereat_o high_o offend_v seize_v her_o possession_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n yet_o both_o sir_n eubul_n strange_a and_o sir_n hugh_z frene_z her_o three_o husband_n be_v in_o some_o record_n name_v earl_n of_o lincoln_n after_o alice_n now_o very_o age_v be_v depart_v this_o life_n without_o issue_n henry_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n nephew_n to_o edmund_n aforesaid_a by_o his_o second_o son_n enter_v upon_o her_o large_a and_o fair_a patrimony_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o conveyance_n which_o i_o speak_v of_o before_o and_o from_o that_o time_n it_o accrue_v to_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n 134._o howbeit_o the_o king_n of_o england_n at_o their_o pleasure_n have_v bestow_v the_o name_n and_o honour_n of_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n as_o suffolk_n king_n edward_z the_o four_o give_v it_o to_o sir_n john_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pole_n and_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o to_o henry_n brandon_n both_o the_o son_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o suffolk_n who_o both_o end_v this_o life_n without_o issue_n the_o first_o slay_v in_o the_o battle_n at_o stoke_n and_o the_o other_o take_v away_o by_o the_o sweat_a sickness_n elizabethae_fw-la afterwards_o queen_n elizabeth_n promote_v edward_n baron_n clinton_n lord_n high_a admiral_n of_o england_n to_o the_o say_a honour_n which_o his_o son_n henry_n enjoy_v at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v in_o this_o shire_n parish_n much_o about_o 630._o notingamiae_n comitatus_fw-la olim_fw-la pars_fw-la coritanorum_n nottinghamshire_n upon_o the_o west_n side_n of_o lincolnshire_n confine_v the_o county_n of_o nottingham_n in_o the_o english_a saxon_a tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o english_a nottinghamshire_n be_v far_o less_o in_o quantity_n limit_v northward_o with_o yorkshire_n westward_o with_o derbyshire_n and_o in_o some_o part_n with_o yorkshire_n and_o on_o the_o south_n side_n with_o leicester-shire_n the_o south_n and_o east_n part_v thereof_o be_v make_v more_o fruitful_a by_o the_o noble_a and_o famous_a river_n trent_n with_o other_o riveret_n resort_v unto_o it_o the_o west_n part_n be_v take_v up_o with_o the_o forest_n of_o shirewood_n which_o stretch_v out_o a_o great_a way_n this_o part_n because_o it_o be_v sandy_a the_o inhabitant_n term_v the_o sand_n the_o other_o for_o that_o it_o be_v clayish_a they_o call_v the_o clay_n and_o so_o have_v divide_v their_o country_n into_o these_o two_o part_n the_o river_n trent_n trent_n in_o the_o old_a english_a saxon_n tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o some_o antiquary_n of_o small_a note_n and_o account_n have_v call_v triginta_fw-la in_o latin_a for_o the_o affinity_n of_o the_o french_a word_n trent_n that_o signify_v that_o number_n triginta_fw-la that_o be_v thirty_o have_v go_v a_o long_a journey_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v enter_v into_o this_o shire_n and_o have_v recepto_fw-la souro_n flumine_fw-la ex_fw-la agro_fw-la leicestrensi_fw-la take_v in_o the_o river_n sour_a from_o the_o field_n of_o leicester_n run_v by_o steanford_n where_o i_o have_v learn_v there_o be_v many_o token_n remain_v of_o old_a antiquity_n and_o piece_n of_o roman_a money_n oftentimes_o find_v and_o then_o by_o clifton_n which_o have_v give_v both_o habitation_n and_o surname_n also_o to_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o clifton_n much_o enrich_v by_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o cressy_n riveret_n take_v in_o from_o the_o west_n the_o little_a river_n lin_n which_o rise_v near_o unto_o newsted_n that_o be_v new_a place_n where_o sometime_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o found_v a_o small_a abbey_n and_o which_o be_v now_o the_o dwell_a house_n of_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o buron_n byron_n descend_v from_o ralph_n de_fw-fr buron_n who_o at_o the_o first_o come_v in_o of_o the_o norman_n flourish_v in_o great_a state_n *_o both_o in_o this_o country_n and_o also_o in_o lancashire_n run_v hard_o by_o wallaton_n rich_a in_o vein_n of_o coal_n wollaton_n where_o sir_n francis_n willoughby_n a_o knight_n noble_o descend_v from_o the_o greis_n marquesse_n dorset_n in_o our_o day_n build_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n with_o great_a charge_n upon_o a_o vain_a ostentation_n of_o his_o wealth_n a_o stately_a house_n with_o artificial_a workmanship_n stand_v bleake_o but_o offer_v a_o very_a goodly_a prospect_n to_o the_o beholder_n far_o and_o near_o then_o run_v it_o by_o linton_n or_o lenton_n lenton_n much_o frequent_v and_o famous_a in_o old_a time_n for_o the_o abbey_n there_o of_o the_o holy_a trinity_n found_v by_o william_n peverell_n the_o base_a son_n of_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n but_o now_o all_o the_o fame_n be_v only_o for_o a_o fair_a there_o keep_v where_o on_o the_o other_o bank_n at_o the_o very_a meeting_n well_o near_o of_o lin_n and_o trent_n the_o principal_a town_n that_o have_v give_v name_n unto_o the_o shire_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n now_o call_v nottingham_n nottingham_n by_o soften_a the_o old_a name_n a_o little_a for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o so_o the_o english_a saxon_n name_v it_o of_o certain_a cave_n and_o passage_n under_o the_o ground_n which_o in_o old_a time_n they_o hew_v and_o wrought_v hollow_a under_o those_o huge_a and_o steep_a cliff_n which_o be_v on_o the_o south_n side_n hang_v over_o the_o little_a river_n lin_n for_o place_n of_o receipt_n and_o refuge_n yea_o and_o for_o habitation_n and_o thereupon_o asserius_fw-la interprete_v this_o saxon_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a speluncarum_fw-la domum_fw-la that_o be_v a_o house_n of_o den_n or_o cave_n and_o in_o the_o british_a tui_fw-la ogo_fw-la bauc_v which_o signify_v the_o very_a self_n same_o the_o town_n for_o the_o natural_a site_n thereof_o be_v right_a pleasant_a as_o where_o on_o the_o one_o hand_n lie_v fair_a and_o large_a meadow_n by_o the_o river_n side_n on_o the_o other_o rise_v hill_n with_o a_o gentle_a and_o easy_a ascent_n and_o be_v plentiful_o provide_v of_o all_o thing_n beside_o necessary_a for_o man_n life_n on_o the_o one_o side_n shirewood_n yield_v store_n of_o wood_n to_o maintain_v fire_n although_o many_o use_n for_o that_o purpose_n stink_a pit_n coal_n dig_v forth_o of_o the_o ground_n on_o the_o other_o trent_n serve_v it_o abundant_o with_o fish_n and_o hence_o have_v be_v take_v up_o this_o odd_a barbarous_a verse_n limpida_n sylva_fw-la focum_fw-la trent_n triginta_fw-la that_fw-mi mihi_fw-la piscem_fw-la shirewood_n yield_v i_o fuel_n for_o fire_n as_o trent_n yield_v fish_n what_o i_o require_v at_o a_o word_n for_o largeness_n for_o building_n for_o three_o fair_a church_n a_o pass_a spacious_a and_o beautiful_a mercat_n place_n and_o a_o most_o strong_a castle_n it_o make_v a_o goodly_a show_n the_o say_a castle_n be_v mount_v upon_o a_o huge_a and_o steep_a work_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o city_n in_o which_o place_n it_o be_v think_v that_o castle_n stand_v in_o time_n pass_v upon_o who_o strength_n the_o dane_n presume_v hold_v out_o against_o the_o siege_n of_o aethered_n and_o aelfrid_n so_o long_o until_o they_o frustrate_v of_o their_o purpose_n break_v up_o their_o siege_n truss_v up_o bag_n and_o baggage_n and_o dislodge_v for_o when_o the_o dane_n have_v take_v this_o castle_n burthred_a king_n of_o the_o mercian_n as_o my_o author_n asserius_fw-la write_v and_o the_o mercian_n address_v their_o messenger_n to_o aethered_a king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n and_o to_o
single_a life_n for_o than_o oswald_z bishop_n of_o this_o city_n who_o promote_v the_o monastical_a life_n as_o busy_o as_o any_o whosoever_o remoove_v the_o priest_n and_o bring_v in_o monk_n which_o king_n eadgar_n testify_v in_o these_o word_n the_o monastery_n as_o well_o of_o monk_n as_o of_o virgin_n have_v be_v destroy_v and_o quite_o neglect_v throughout_o england_n which_o i_o have_v now_o determine_v to_o repair_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n for_o my_o soul_n health_n and_o so_o to_o multiply_v the_o number_n of_o god_n servant_n and_o handmaiden_n and_o now_o already_o i_o have_v set_v up_o seven_o and_o forty_o monastery_n with_o monk_n and_o nun_n in_o they_o and_o if_o christ_n spare_v i_o life_n so_o long_o i_o be_o determine_v in_o offer_v my_o devout_a munificence_n to_o god_n for_o to_o proceed_v to_o fifty_o even_o the_o just_a number_n of_o a_o jubilee_n whereupon_o at_o this_o present_a that_o monastery_n which_o the_o reverend_a bishop_n oswald_n in_o the_o episcopal_a see_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ample_o enlarge_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o mary_n the_o holy_a mother_n of_o god_n and_o by_o cast_v out_o those_o clerk_n etc._n etc._n have_v with_o my_o assent_n and_o favour_n appoint_v there_o monk_n the_o religious_a servant_n of_o god_n i_o myself_o do_v by_o my_o royal_a authority_n confirm_v and_o by_o the_o counsel_n and_o consent_n of_o my_o peer_n and_o noble_n corroborate_v and_o consign_v to_o those_o religious_a man_n live_v a_o sole_a and_o single_a life_n etc._n etc._n long_o time_n after_o when_o the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n and_o clergy_n here_o partly_o by_o the_o dane_n incursion_n and_o in_o part_n by_o civil_a dissension_n be_v so_o great_o weaken_v and_o bring_v upon_o the_o very_a knee_n that_o in_o lieu_n of_o that_o multitude_n of_o religious_a person_n who_o oswald_n have_v here_o place_v scarce_o twelve_o remain_v wolstan_n bishop_n of_o this_o church_n about_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n redemption_n 1090._o wolstan_n put_v to_o his_o help_a hand_n raise_v it_o up_o again_o and_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o number_n of_o 50._o yea_o and_o build_v a_o new_a church_n for_o they_o wolstan_n i_o say_v a_o man_n not_o so_o learned_a the_o time_n than_o be_v such_o but_o of_o that_o simple_a sincerity_n without_o all_o hypocrisy_n so_o severe_a also_o and_o austere_a of_o life_n that_o as_o he_o be_v terrible_a to_o the_o wicked_a so_o he_o be_v venerable_a to_o the_o good_a and_o after_o his_o death_n the_o church_n register_v he_o in_o the_o number_n of_o saint_n but_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o suppress_v and_o expel_v the_o monk_n after_o they_o have_v in_o all_o plenty_n and_o fullness_n live_v more_o than_o 500_o year_n and_o in_o their_o room_n he_o substitute_v a_o dean_n and_o prebendary_n and_o withal_o erect_v a_o grammar-schoole_n for_o the_o train_n up_o of_o youth_n hard_o by_o this_o church_n the_o bare_a name_n and_o plot_n of_o a_o castle_n remain_v which_o as_o we_o read_v in_o william_n of_o malmesburies_n book_n of_o bishop_n ursus_n appoint_v sheriff_n of_o worcestershire_n by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n build_v under_o the_o very_a nose_n and_o in_o the_o mouth_n well_o near_o of_o the_o monk_n in_o so_o much_o as_o he_o cut_v away_o from_o they_o a_o part_n of_o their_o churchyard_n but_o this_o castle_n through_o the_o iniquity_n of_o time_n and_o casuality_n of_o fire_n be_v consume_v many_o year_n ago_o the_o city_n itself_o also_o have_v be_v burn_v more_o than_o once_o as_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1041._o huscarles_n by_o hardy-cnute_a who_o exceed_o incense_a against_o the_o citizen_n because_o they_o have_v slay_v his_o huscarles_n for_o so_o they_o term_v those_o domestical_a gatherer_n of_o the_o dane_n tribute_n do_v not_o only_o set_v fire_n on_o the_o city_n but_o slay_v the_o citizen_n every_o mother_n son_n unless_o it_o be_v those_o that_o save_v themselves_o in_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o island_n compass_v in_o with_o the_o river_n howbeit_o as_o we_o find_v write_v in_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n book_n in_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n time_n it_o have_v many_o burgess_n and_o for_o fifteen_o hide_n discharge_v itself_o when_o the_o mint_n go_v every_o minter_n give_v twenty_o shilling_n at_o london_n for_o to_o receive_v coin_v stamp_n of_o money_n in_o the_o year_n 1113._o a_o skarfire_n that_o come_v no_o man_n know_v how_o burn_v the_o castle_n catch_v also_o with_o the_o flame_n to_o the_o roof_n of_o the_o church_n likewise_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o stephen_n in_o the_o time_n of_o civil_a war_n it_o be_v twice_o on_o fire_n r._n but_o most_o dangerous_o when_o king_n stephen_n who_o have_v to_o his_o own_o damage_n give_v this_o city_n unto_o wallerand_n earl_n of_o mellent_a seize_v it_o into_o his_o own_o hand_n howbeit_o he_o be_v not_o able_a at_o that_o time_n to_o win_v the_o castle_n nevertheless_o it_o raise_v itself_o up_o again_o out_o of_o the_o ash_n in_o a_o goodly_a form_n always_o than_o it_o have_v before_o and_o flourish_v in_o a_o right_n good_a state_n of_o civil_a government_n govern_v by_o two_o bailiff_n choose_v out_o of_o 24._o citizen_n two_o alderman_n and_o two_o chamberlain_n with_o a_o common_a counsel_n consist_v of_o 48._o citizen_n as_o touch_v the_o geographical_a position_n of_o this_o city_n it_o be_v distant_a in_o longitude_n from_o the_o west_n meridian_n 21._o degree_n and_o 52._o minute_n and_o the_o north_n pole_n be_v elevate_v 52._o degree_n and_o 12._o minute_n from_o worcester_n the_o river_n severn_n run_v on_o still_o southward_o powicke_n pass_v beside_o powicke_n the_o seat_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o sir_n john_n beauchamp_n who_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o raise_v up_o to_o the_o state_n of_o a_o baron_n and_o within_o a_o small_a time_n the_o female_a heir_n bring_v the_o inheritance_n to_o the_o willoughbey_v of_o broke_n the_o read_v and_o the_o lygon_n then_o run_v it_o through_o most_o rich_a and_o redolent_a meadow_n by_o hanley_n castle_n hanley_n belong_v sometime_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n upton_n and_o by_o upton_n a_o mercate_z town_n of_o great_a name_n where_o piece_n of_o roman_a money_n be_v oftentimes_o find_v not_o far_o from_o hence_o upon_o the_o bank_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n hill_n the_o severn_n behold_v malvern-hill_n hill_n in_o deed_n or_o rather_o great_a and_o high_a mountain_n which_o for_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o mile_n or_o thereabouts_o do_v as_o it_o be_v by_o degree_n rise_v high_a and_o high_o divide_v this_o shire_n from_o the_o county_n of_o hereford_n on_o the_o brow_n of_o which_o hill_n gilbert_n clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n do_v cast_v a_o ditch_n in_o time_n past_a to_o make_v a_o partition_n between_o his_o possession_n and_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n of_o worcester_n a_o piece_n of_o work_n which_o be_v at_o this_o day_n see_v not_o without_o wonder_n over_o against_o those_o hill_n hill_n and_o in_o like_a distance_n almost_o from_o the_o other_o bank_n bredon_n hill_n be_v far_o less_o yet_o in_o emulation_n as_o it_o be_v to_o match_v they_o mount_v aloft_o among_o which_o elmsley_n castle_n belong_v sometime_o to_o ursus_n or_o urso_n de_fw-fr abtot_n make_v a_o goodly_a show_n castle_n by_o who_o daughter_n and_o heir_n emeline_n it_o come_v hereditary_o to_o the_o beauchamp_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o these_o hill_n lie_v bredon_n a_o village_n worcester_n concern_v the_o monastery_n whereof_o offa_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n say_v thus_o i_o offa_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n will_v give_v land_n contain_v seven_o time_n five_o acre_n of_o tributary_n unto_o the_o monastery_n that_o be_v name_v breodun_fw-la in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o wiccij_n and_o to_o the_o church_n of_o bless_a saint_n peter_n prince_n of_o the_o apostle_n there_o and_o in_o that_o place_n stand_v which_o church_n eanwulph_n my_o grandfather_n erect_v to_o the_o praise_n and_o glory_n of_o the_o everliving_a god_n under_o these_o bredon_n hill_n southward_o you_o see_v two_o village_n name_v washborne_n whence_o washborne_n come_v the_o surname_n to_o a_o very_a ancient_a and_o worshipful_a family_n in_o this_o tract_n stand_v in_o a_o parcel_n of_o this_o province_n dismember_v as_o it_o be_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n body_n of_o which_o kind_n there_o be_v other_o parcel_n here_o and_o there_o scatter_v all_o about_o but_o what_o shall_v be_v the_o cause_n i_o be_o not_o able_a to_o resolve_v unless_o haply_o those_o that_o in_o old_a time_n be_v governor_n adjoin_v to_o their_o government_n their_o own_o land_n that_o lay_v near_o unto_o the_o region_n which_o they_o then_o govern_v now_o avon_n from_o above_o run_v down_o and_o speed_v himself_o to_o severn_n eovesham_n who_o in_o this_o shire_n
justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o a_o very_a great_a lover_n of_o learning_n but_o he_o have_v now_o take_v his_o quiet_a sleep_n in_o christ_n and_o leave_v his_o son_n sir_n roger_n owen_n for_o his_o manifold_a learning_n a_o right_a worthy_a son_n of_o so_o good_a a_o father_n this_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o record_n in_o chief_a to_o find_v two_o footman_n one_o day_n in_o the_o army_n of_o wales_n in_o time_n of_o war_n which_o i_o note_v here_o once_o for_o all_o to_o this_o end_n that_o i_o may_v give_v to_o understand_v that_o gentleman_n and_o nobleman_n hereabout_o hold_v their_o inheritance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o this_o tenure_n to_o be_v ready_a in_o service_n with_o soldier_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o march_n whensoever_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o war_n between_o england_n and_o wales_n pichford_n near_o unto_o this_o there_o be_v a_o little_a village_n name_v pichford_n that_o impart_v the_o name_n in_o time_n pass_v to_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o pichford_n birumen_n now_o the_o possession_n of_o r._n oteley_n which_o our_o ancestor_n for_o that_o they_o know_v not_o pitch_v from_o bitumen_n so_o call_v of_o a_o fountain_n of_o bitumen_n there_o in_o a_o private_a man_n yard_n upon_o which_o there_o rise_v and_o swim_v a_o kind_n of_o liquid_a bitumen_n daily_o scum_n it_o off_o never_o so_o diligent_o even_o as_o it_o do_v in_o the_o lake_n asphaltites_n in_o jewry_n in_o a_o stand_a water_n about_o samosata_n and_o in_o a_o spring_n by_o agrigentum_n in_o sicily_n but_o whether_o this_o be_v good_a against_o the_o fall_a sickness_n and_o have_v a_o powerful_a property_n to_o draw_v to_o close_v up_o wound_n etc._n etc._n as_o that_o in_o jewry_n none_o that_o i_o know_v as_o yet_o have_v make_v experiment_n more_o westward_n you_o may_v see_v pouderbach_n castle_n pouderbach_n now_o decay_v and_o ruinous_a call_v in_o time_n past_o pulrebach_n the_o seat_n of_o sir_n raulph_n butler_n a_o young_a son_n of_o raulph_n butler_n lord_n wem_n from_o who_o the_o butler_n of_o woodhall_n in_o hertford-shire_n be_v lineal_o descend_v beneath_o this_o huckstow_n forest_n spread_v a_o great_a way_n among_o the_o mountain_n where_o at_o stipperstons_n bill_n there_o be_v great_a heap_n of_o stone_n stipperstons_n and_o little_a rock_n as_o it_o be_v that_o rise_v thick_a together_o the_o welshmen_n britan_n call_v they_o carneddau_n tewion_n but_o whereas_o as_o these_o seem_v natural_a i_o dare_v not_o with_o other_o so_o much_o as_o conjecture_v that_o these_o be_v any_o of_o those_o stone_n which_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la seem_v to_o note_n in_o these_o word_n harald_n in_o person_n be_v himself_o the_o last_o footman_n in_o march_v with_o footman_n and_o light_a armour_n and_o victual_n answerable_a for_o service_n in_o wales_n valiant_o go_v round_o about_o and_o pass_v through_o all_o wales_n so_o as_o that_o he_o leave_v but_o few_o or_o none_o alive_a and_o for_o a_o perpetual_a memory_n of_o this_o victory_n you_o may_v find_v very_o many_o stone_n in_o wales_n erect_v after_o the_o antique_a manner_n upon_o hillock_n in_o those_o place_n wherein_o he_o have_v be_v conqueror_n have_v these_o word_n engrave_v hic_fw-la fvit_fw-la victor_n haraldus_n here_o be_v harald_n conqueror_n routon_n more_o northward_o course_n castle_n stand_v which_o be_v the_o barony_n of_o sir_n peter_n corbet_n from_o who_o it_o come_v to_o the_o baron_n of_o stafford_n and_o routon_n castle_n near_o unto_o it_o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n towards_o the_o west_n border_n of_o the_o shire_n not_o far_o from_o severn_n which_o castle_n sometime_o belong_v to_o the_o corbet_n and_o now_o to_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o lister_n before_o time_n it_o be_v the_o possession_n of_o john_n le_fw-fr strange_n of_o knock_v in_o despite_n of_o who_o lhewellin_n prince_n of_o wales_n lay_v it_o even_o with_o the_o ground_n as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o life_n of_o sir_n foulque_fw-fr fitzwarin_a it_o flourish_v also_o in_o the_o roman_n time_n under_o the_o same_o name_n rutunium_n term_v by_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n rutunium_n neither_o can_v we_o mistake_v herein_o see_v both_o the_o name_n and_o that_o distance_n from_o uriconium_n a_o town_n full_a well_o know_v which_o he_o put_v down_o do_v most_o exact_o agree_v near_o unto_o this_o be_v abberbury_n castle_n and_o watlesbury_n which_o be_v come_v from_o the_o corbet_n to_o the_o notable_a family_n of_o the_o leighton_n knight_n as_o for_o the_o name_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v take_v it_o from_o that_o high_a port-way_n call_v watling_n street_n which_o go_v this_o way_n into_o the_o far_a part_n of_o wales_n as_o ranulph_n of_o chester_n write_v by_o two_o little_a town_n of_o that_o street_n call_v stretton_n between_o which_o in_o a_o valley_n be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v the_o rubbish_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n call_v brocard_n castle_n castle_n and_o the_o same_o set_v amidst_o green_a meadow_n that_o before_o time_n be_v fishpool_n but_o these_o castle_n with_o other_o which_o i_o be_o scarce_o able_a to_o number_n and_o reckon_v up_o for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o be_v now_o ruinate_v not_o by_o the_o fury_n of_o war_n but_o now_o at_o length_n conquer_v even_o with_o secure_a peace_n and_o process_n of_o time_n now_o cross_v over_o severne_n unto_o that_o part_n of_o the_o shire_n on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n which_o i_o say_v do_v proper_o belong_v to_o the_o ancient_a cornavii_n this_o again_o be_v divide_v after_o a_o sort_n into_o two_o part_n by_o the_o river_n terne_n run_v from_o the_o north_n southward_o so_o call_v for_o that_o it_o issue_v out_o of_o a_o very_a large_a pool_n in_o stafford-shire_n such_o as_o they_o of_o the_o north_n part_n call_v tearnes_n in_o the_o hither_o part_n of_o these_o twain_o which_o lie_v east_n near_o to_o the_o place_n where_o terne_a discharge_v his_o water_n into_o severn_n stand_v the_o ancient_a uriconium_n for_o so_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n term_v it_o which_o ptolomee_n call_v viroconium_n uriconium_n ninnius_n wroxcester_n caer_n vruach_n the_o old_a english_a saxon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o wreckceter_n and_o wroxcester_n this_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o cornavii_n build_v as_o it_o seem_v by_o the_o roman_n what_o time_n as_o they_o fortify_v this_o bank_n of_o severn_n in_o this_o place_n where_o the_o river_n be_v full_a of_o fourd_v as_o it_o be_v not_o elsewhere_o lower_v towards_o the_o mouth_n thereof_o but_o this_o be_v sore_o shake_v in_o the_o saxon_n war_n fall_v to_o utter_v decay_n in_o the_o danish_a broil_n and_o now_o it_o be_v a_o very_a small_a country_n town_n of_o poor_a husbandman_n and_o present_v often_o time_n to_o those_o that_o air_n the_o ground_n roman_a coin_n to_o testify_v in_o some_o sort_n the_o antiquity_n thereof_o beside_o they_o i_o see_v nothing_o of_o antiquity_n but_o in_o one_o place_n some_o few_o parcel_n of_o break_a wall_n which_o the_o common_a people_n call_v the_o old_a work_n of_o wroxceter_n this_o wall_n be_v build_v of_o rough_a stone_n distinguish_v outward_o with_o seven_o row_n of_o british_a brick_n in_o equal_a distance_n and_o bring_v up_o with_o arch_a work_n inward_o i_o conjecture_v by_o the_o uneven_a ground_n by_o the_o rampire_n and_o the_o rubbish_n of_o the_o wall_n here_o and_o there_o on_o either_o side_n that_o the_o castle_n stand_v in_o that_o very_a place_n where_o these_o ruin_n remain_v but_o where_o the_o plot_n of_o the_o city_n lie_v and_o that_o be_v of_o a_o great_a compass_n the_o soil_n be_v more_o blackish_a than_o elsewhere_o and_o plentiful_o yield_v the_o best_a barley_n in_o all_o this_o quarter_n beneath_o this_o city_n that_o port-way_n of_o those_o roman_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o watling_n street_n go_v as_o i_o have_v hear_v say_v direct_o albeit_o the_o ridge_n thereof_o now_o appear_v not_o either_o through_o a_o fourd_v or_o over_o a_o bridge_n the_o foundation_n whereof_o be_v of_o late_a a_o little_a high_o discover_v when_o they_o do_v set_v a_o wear_n in_o the_o river_n unto_o the_o stratton_n stratton_n that_o be_v to_o say_v town_n upon_o the_o street_n whereof_o i_o speak_v even_o now_o the_o ancient_a name_n of_o this_o decay_a uriconium_n show_v itself_o very_o apparent_o in_o a_o hill_n lofty_o mount_v near_o thereunto_o wreken-hill_n call_v wreken_fw-mi hill_n some_o writer_n term_v it_o gilbert_n hill_n from_o the_o top_n whereof_o which_o lie_v in_o a_o plain_a pleasant_a level_n there_o be_v a_o very_a delightful_a prospect_n into_o the_o country_n beneath_o on_o every_o side_n this_o hill_n run_v out_o in_o length_n a_o good_a space_n as_o it_o be_v attire_v on_o the_o side_n with_o fair_a spread_v tree_n but_o under_o it_o where_o severn_n roll_v down_o
with_o his_o stream_n at_o buldewas_n bildas_n common_o bildas_n there_o flourish_v a_o fair_a abbey_n the_o sepulture_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o burnel_n patron_n thereof_o high_a into_o the_o country_n there_o be_v a_o mansion_n or_o bait_v town_n name_v watling_n street_n of_o the_o situation_n upon_o the_o foresay_a ride_v way_n or_o street_n dalaley_n and_o hard_o by_o it_o be_v see_v the_o relic_n of_o castle_n dalaley_n which_o after_o that_o richard_n earl_n of_o arundel_n be_v attaint_v king_n richard_n the_o second_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o parliament_n annex_v to_o the_o principality_n of_o chester_n which_o he_o have_v then_o erect_v and_o not_o far_o from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a wreken_fw-mi in_o a_o hollow_a valley_n by_o that_o high_a street_n before_o mention_v okenyate_a a_o little_a village_n well_o know_v for_o the_o plentiful_a delfe_n there_o of_o pit-cole_n lie_v so_o beneath_o and_o just_a at_o the_o same_o distance_n as_o antonine_n place_v vsocona_n both_o from_o uriconium_n and_o also_o from_o pennocrucium_n that_o no_o man_n need_v to_o doubt_v okenyate_a but_o that_o this_o okenyate_a be_v that_o usocona_n neither_o do_v the_o name_n itself_o gainsay_v it_o for_o this_o word_n be_v which_o in_o the_o british_a tongue_n signify_v low_a may_v seem_v add_v for_o to_o note_v the_o low_a situation_n thereof_o on_o the_o other_o side_n charleton_n beneath_o this_o hill_n appear_v charleton_n castle_n in_o ancient_a time_n belong_v to_o the_o charletons_n lord_n of_o powis_n and_o more_o eastward_o next_o of_o all_o unto_o staffordshire_n tong-castle_n call_v in_o old_a time_n toang_v tong._n which_o the_o vernons_n not_o long_o since_o repair_v as_o also_o the_o college_n within_o the_o town_n which_o the_o pembridge_n as_o i_o have_v read_v first_o found_v neither_o have_v the_o inhabitant_n any_o thing_n here_o more_o worth_a show_v than_o a_o bell_n for_o the_o bigness_n thereof_o very_o famous_a in_o all_o those_o part_n adjoin_v hard_o to_o this_o lie_v albrighton_n which_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o sir_n raulph_n de_fw-fr pichford_n but_o now_o of_o the_o talbotts_n branch_v from_o the_o family_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o shrewesbury_n but_o above_o tong_n be_v lilleshul_n abbey_n in_o a_o woodland_n country_n found_v by_o the_o family_n of_o beaumeis_n who_o heir_n be_v marry_v into_o the_o house_n of_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr zouch_n but_o see_v there_o be_v little_o leave_v but_o ruin_n i_o will_v leave_v it_o and_o proceed_v forward_o beyond_o the_o river_n terne_a draiton_n on_o the_o brink_n thereof_o stand_v draiton_n where_o in_o the_o civil_a war_n between_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n and_o york_n a_o field_n be_v fight_v that_o cost_v many_o a_o gentleman_n of_o cheshire_n his_o life_n 1459._o for_o they_o although_o the_o battle_n be_v give_v up_o almost_o on_o even_a hand_n when_o they_o can_v not_o agree_v among_o themselves_o but_o take_v part_n with_o both_o side_n be_v slay_v by_o heap_n and_o number_n on_o either_o side_n beneath_o this_o draiton_n and_o never_o enough_o to_o terne_a lie_v hodnet_n wherein_o dwell_v sometime_o gentleman_n of_o the_o same_o name_n 2._o from_o who_o hereditary_o it_o be_v come_v by_o the_o ludlow_n unto_o the_o vernons_n it_o be_v hold_v in_o time_n past_a of_o the_o honour_n of_o mont-gomery_a by_o service_n to_o be_v seneschal_n or_o steward_n of_o the_o same_o honour_n after_o this_o terne_a have_v pass_v haâ—d_a by_o certain_a little_a rural_a town_n take_v in_o unto_o he_o the_o riveret_n roden_n and_o when_o he_o have_v go_v a_o few_o mile_n further_o near_o unto_o uriconium_n of_o which_o i_o speak_v even_o now_o fall_v into_o the_o severn_n upon_o this_o roden_n while_o he_o be_v but_o new_a come_v from_o his_o spring_n head_n stand_v wem_n wem_n where_o be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o token_n of_o a_o castle_n long_o since_o begin_v there_o to_o be_v build_v this_o be_v the_o barony_n after_o the_o first_o entry_n of_o the_o norman_n of_o william_n pantulph_n from_o who_o posterity_n it_o come_v at_o length_n to_o the_o butler_n and_o from_o they_o by_o the_o ferrars_n of_o ousley_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o greystock_n unto_o the_o baron_n d'acre_n of_o gillesland_n within_o a_o little_a of_o this_o upon_o a_o high_a hill_n well_o wooded_a or_o upon_o a_o cliff_n rather_o which_o sometime_o be_v call_v radcliffe_n stand_v a_o castle_n mount_v aloft_o call_v of_o the_o red_a stone_n red-castle_n red-castle_n and_o in_o the_o norman_n language_n castle_n rous_n the_o seat_n in_o old_a time_n of_o the_o audley_n through_o the_o liberal_a bounty_n of_o lady_n maude_n le_fw-fr strange_n but_o now_o there_o remain_v no_o more_o but_o desolate_a wall_n which_o yet_o make_v a_o fair_a show_n scarce_o a_o mile_n from_o hence_o lie_v all_o along_o the_o dead_a carcase_n as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o small_a city_n now_o well_o near_o consume_v but_o the_o piece_n of_o roman_a money_n and_o those_o brick_n which_o the_o roman_n use_v in_o build_v there_o find_v do_v testify_v the_o antiquity_n and_o founder_n thereof_o the_o neighbour_n inhabitant_n use_v to_o call_v it_o bery_n as_o one_o will_v say_v burgh_n and_o they_o report_v that_o it_o be_v a_o most_o famous_a place_n in_o king_n arthur_n day_n as_o the_o common_a sort_n ascribe_v whatsoever_o be_v ancient_a and_o strange_a to_o king_n arthur_n glory_n corbet_n then_o upon_o the_o same_o river_n morton_n corbet_n ancient_o a_o house_n of_o the_o family_n of_o turet_n afterward_o a_o castle_n of_o the_o corbet_n show_v itself_o where_o within_o our_o remembrance_n robert_n corbet_n carry_v away_o with_o the_o affectionate_a delight_n of_o architecture_n begin_v to_o build_v in_o a_o barren_a place_n a_o most_o gorgeous_a and_o stately_a house_n after_o the_o italian_n model_n but_o death_n prevent_v he_o so_o that_o he_o leave_v the_o new_a work_n unfinished_a and_o the_o old_a castle_n deface_v these_o corbet_n be_v of_o ancient_a nobility_n in_o this_o shire_n and_o hold_v lordship_n by_o service_n of_o roger_n montgomery_n earl_n of_o this_o county_n about_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n for_o roger_n the_o son_n of_o corbet_n hold_v huelebec_n hundeslit_n acton_n fern-leg_n etc._n etc._n robert_n forename_n the_o son_n of_o corbet_n hold_v land_n in_o ulestanton_n rotlinghop_n branten_n and_o udecot_n and_o in_o late_a age_n this_o family_n far_o and_o fair_o propagate_v receive_v increase_n both_o of_o revenue_n and_o great_a alliance_n by_o the_o marriage_n of_o a_o heir_n of_o hopton_n *_o more_o southward_o stand_v arcoll_n the_o habitation_n of_o the_o newport_n knight_n of_o great_a worship_n descend_v from_o the_o baron_n grey_a of_o codnor_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o mothwy_a and_o near_o unto_o it_o be_v hagmond_n abbey_n which_o the_o lord_n fitz_n alane_n if_o they_o do_v not_o find_v yet_o they_o most_o especial_o endow_v not_o much_o low_a upon_o severn_n stand_v most_o pleasant_o the_o famous_a city_n for_o so_o it_o be_v call_v in_o domesday_n book_n of_o this_o shire_n rise_v by_o the_o ruin_n of_o old_a uriconium_n which_o we_o at_o this_o day_n call_v shrewsbury_n and_o shrowsbury_n have_v mollify_v the_o name_n shrewsbury_n whereas_o our_o ancestor_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o that_o it_o be_v ancient_o a_o very_a thicket_n of_o shrob_n upon_o a_o hill_n in_o which_o sense_n both_o the_o greek_n term_v their_o bessa_n and_o our_o welsh_a britan_n name_v this_o also_o pengwerne_n that_o be_v the_o high_a plot_n plant_v with_o alder_n and_o a_o palace_n so_o name_v continue_v here_o a_o long_a time_n but_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o it_o be_v call_v now_o in_o the_o british_a tongue_n ymwithig_n and_o by_o the_o norman_n scropesbery_n sloppesbery_n and_o salop_n and_o in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n salopia_n i_o be_o altogether_o ignorant_a unless_o it_o shall_v be_v the_o ancient_a name_n scobbes-beng_a diverse_o distort_v and_o dis-jointed_n yet_o some_o skilful_a in_o the_o british_a tongue_n think_v very_o it_o be_v call_v ymwithig_n as_o one_o will_v say_v placentia_n or_o plaisance_n of_o a_o british_a word_n mewithau_n and_o that_o their_o poet_n the_o bardi_n so_o name_v it_o because_o of_o all_o other_o it_o best_o please_v the_o prince_n of_o wales_n in_o time_n past_a it_o be_v seat_v upon_o a_o hill_n of_o a_o red_a earth_n and_o severn_n have_v two_o very_a fair_a bridge_n upon_o it_o gather_v himself_o in_o manner_n round_o in_o form_n of_o a_o circle_n so_o compass_v it_o that_o be_v it_o not_o for_o a_o small_a bank_n of_o firm_a land_n it_o may_v go_v for_o a_o island_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o leland_n the_o antiquarian_a poet_n write_v thus_o edita_fw-la penguerni_fw-la latè_fw-la fastigia_fw-la splendent_a urbs_fw-la sita_fw-la lunatâ—_fw-la veluti_fw-la
more_o misery_n because_o they_o will_v not_o be_v in_o misery_n where_o they_o scatter_v themselves_o among_o mountain_n and_o desert_n live_v in_o cave_n and_o little_a cell_n here_o and_o there_o in_o holy_a meditation_n at_o first_o solitary_a and_o alone_a whereupon_o in_o greek_a they_o be_v call_v monachi_fw-la that_o be_v monk_n but_o after_o they_o think_v it_o better_o as_o the_o sociable_a nature_n of_o mankind_n require_v to_o meet_v together_o at_o certain_a time_n to_o serve_v god_n and_o at_o length_n they_o begin_v to_o cohabite_v and_o live_v together_o for_o mutual_a comfort_n rather_o than_o like_o wild_a beast_n to_o walk_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o desert_n their_o profession_n be_v to_o pray_v and_o by_o the_o labour_n of_o their_o own_o hand_n to_o get_v live_v for_o themselves_o and_o maintenance_n for_o the_o poor_a and_o withal_o they_o vow_v poverty_n obedience_n and_o chastity_n athanasius_n first_o bring_v this_o kind_n of_o monk_n consist_v of_o layman_n into_o the_o west_n church_n whereunto_o after_o that_o saint_n austen_n in_o africa_n saint_n martin_n in_o france_n and_o congell_n in_o britain_n and_o ireland_n have_v adjoin_v the_o function_n of_o regular_a clergy_n it_o be_v incredible_a how_o far_o and_o wide_o they_o spread_v how_o many_o and_o how_o great_a coenoby_n be_v build_v for_o they_o so_o call_v of_o their_o communion_n of_o life_n as_o also_o monastery_n for_o that_o they_o keep_v still_o a_o certain_a show_n of_o solitary_a live_n and_o in_o those_o day_n none_o be_v more_o sacred_a and_o holy_a than_o they_o and_o according_o they_o be_v repute_v consider_v how_o by_o their_o prayer_n to_o god_n by_o their_o example_n doctrine_n labour_n and_o industry_n they_o do_v exceed_v much_o good_a not_o only_o to_o themselves_o but_o also_o to_o all_o mankind_n but_o as_o the_o world_n grow_v worse_a and_o worse_o so_o those_o their_o holy_a manner_n as_o one_o say_v rebus_fw-la cessere_fw-la secundis_fw-la that_o be_v give_v backward_o in_o time_n of_o prosperity_n now_o let_v i_o return_v unto_o my_o matter_n crave_v your_o pardon_n for_o this_o short_a digression_n after_o these_o day_n this_o monastery_n fall_v utter_o to_o ruin_v ireland_n for_o in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n who_o live_v present_o after_o the_o norman_n come_v in_o there_o remain_v here_o as_o he_o say_v so_o many_o token_n of_o antiquity_n so_o many_o wall_n of_o church_n half_o down_o so_o many_o wind_n and_o turn_n of_o gate_n such_o heap_n of_o rubbish_n and_o rammell_n as_o hardly_o a_o man_n shall_v have_v find_v elsewhere_o but_o now_o be_v leave_v to_o be_v see_v scarce_o the_o face_n and_o outward_a show_n of_o a_o dead_a city_n or_o monastery_n and_o the_o name_n only_o remain_v of_o two_o gate_n port_n hoghan_n and_o port_n cleis_n which_o stand_v a_o mile_n asunder_o between_o which_o be_v find_v very_o oft_o piece_n of_o the_o roman_n money_n flintshire_n but_o that_o i_o may_v tell_v you_o of_o one_o thing_n this_o bonium_n or_o banchor_n be_v not_o reckon_v within_o this_o county_n but_o in_o flintshire_n a_o piece_n whereof_o sever_v as_o it_o be_v from_o the_o rest_n lie_v here_o between_o cheshire_n and_o shropp-shire_n d_o you_o where_o he_o enter_v first_o into_o this_o shire_n see_v above_o he_o not_o far_o from_o his_o bank_n malpas_n upon_o a_o high_a hill_n which_o have_v in_o it_o a_o castle_n and_o for_o the_o bad_a narrow_a and_o cumbrous_a way_n be_v term_v in_o latin_a mala_fw-la platea_fw-la that_o be_v ilstreet_n and_o thence_o also_o take_v this_o late_a name_n mal-pas_a from_o the_o norman_n mal-pas_a whereas_o in_o time_n past_o the_o englishman_n almost_o in_o the_o very_a same_o sense_n call_v it_o depenbach_n the_o barony_n hereof_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n give_v to_o robert_n fitz-hugh_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o william_n patrick_n the_o son_n of_o william_n patrick_n hold_v the_o same_o of_o who_o line_n robert_n patrick_n stand_v outlaw_v lose_v it_o after_o some_o few_o year_n david_n of_o mal-pas_a by_o recognitionis_fw-la a_o writ_n of_o recognisance_n get_v the_o one_o half_a of_o that_o town_n which_o be_v gilbert_n clerk_n but_o a_o great_a part_n of_o this_o barony_n go_v afterward_o hereditary_o to_o those_o sutton_n that_o be_v baron_n of_o dudley_n and_o a_o part_n also_o thereof_o come_v to_o urian_n sampire_n and_o from_o philip_n a_o young_a son_n of_o david_n of_o mal-pas_a be_v descend_v that_o worshipful_a family_n of_o the_o egerton_n who_o take_v this_o name_n from_o the_o place_n of_o their_o habitation_n like_v as_o from_o other_o place_n diverse_a gentleman_n of_o this_o race_n receive_v their_o surname_n cotgrave_n overton_n codington_n and_o golborn_n as_o touch_v the_o name_n of_o this_o place_n give_v i_o leave_v before_o i_o depart_v hence_o in_o this_o serious_a work_n to_o insert_v a_o pretty_a jest_n out_o of_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la it_o happen_v say_v he_o in_o our_o date_n that_o a_o certain_a jew_n travail_v towards_o shrewsbury_n with_o the_o archdeacon_n of_o this_o place_n 13._o who_o surname_n be_v peche_n that_o be_v sin_n and_o a_o deane_n name_v devil_n when_o he_o hear_v by_o chance_n the_o archdeacon_n tell_v that_o his_o archdeaconry_n begin_v at_o a_o place_n call_v ilstreet_n and_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o to_o mal-pas_a towards_o chester_n he_o consider_v and_o understand_v withal_o as_o well_o the_o archdeacon_n surname_n as_o the_o dean_n come_v out_o with_o this_o pleasant_a and_o merry_a conceit_n will_v it_o not_o be_v a_o wonder_n quoth_v he_o and_o my_o fortune_n very_o good_a if_o ever_o i_o get_v safe_a again_o out_o of_o this_o country_n where_o sin_n be_v the_o archdeacon_n and_o the_o devil_n the_o dean_n where_o the_o entry_n into_o the_o archdeaconry_n be_v ilstreet_n and_o the_o go_v forth_o of_o it_o mal-pas_a shoclach_n from_o hence_o dee_n run_v down_o amain_o by_o shoclach_n where_o sometime_o be_v a_o castle_n by_o aldford_n belong_v in_o time_n pass_v to_o the_o arderns_n by_o poulefourd_n where_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o sir_n raulph_n of_o ormesby_n have_v his_o castle_n and_o by_o eton_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o famous_a family_n of_o gros-venour_a gros-venour_a that_o be_v the_o great_a hunter_n who_o posterity_n now_o corrupt_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o gravenor_n somewhat_o high_o upon_o the_o same_o river_n near_o unto_o deemouth_n which_o ptolomee_n call_v seteia_n for_o deia_n stand_v the_o noble_a city_n which_o the_o say_a ptolomee_n name_v deunana_n deva_n antonine_n the_o emperor_n deva_n of_o the_o river_n the_o britan_n caerlegion_n caer-leon_n vaur_n caer-leon_n be_v dufyr_n dwy_n and_o by_o way_n of_o excellency_n caer_n like_a as_o our_o ancestor_n the_o english_a saxon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o legion_n camp_n and_o we_o more_o short_a chester_n west-chester_n of_o the_o west_n situation_n and_o simple_o chester_n according_a to_o the_o verse_n cestria_fw-la de_fw-la castris_fw-la nomen_fw-la quasi_fw-la castria_n sumpsit_fw-la chester_n of_o castria_n take_v the_o name_n as_o if_o that_o castria_n be_v the_o same_o for_o these_o british_a name_n without_o all_o doubt_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o twenty_o legion_n name_v victrix_n this_o legion_n in_o the_o year_n that_o galba_n the_o emperor_n be_v the_o second_o time_n consul_n together_o with_o titus_n vinius_n be_v transport_v over_o into_o britain_n which_o be_v out_o of_o awe_n and_o therefore_o dread_v of_o the_o lieutenant_n as_o well_o those_o which_o have_v be_v consul_n as_o pretour_n have_v julius_n agricola_n appoint_v lieutenant_n over_o it_o by_o vespasian_n the_o emperor_n be_v at_o length_n place_v and_o seat_v in_o this_o city_n which_o i_o suppose_v be_v not_o build_v many_o year_n before_o and_o set_v as_o one_o will_v say_v at_o the_o back_n of_o the_o ordovices_n to_o restrain_v they_o although_o there_o be_v some_o who_o avouch_v it_o to_o be_v of_o great_a antiquity_n as_o they_o say_v than_o the_o moon_n as_o found_v forsooth_o by_o leon-vaur_a the_o giant_n i_o know_v not_o how_o many_o hundred_o year_n before_o but_o the_o very_a name_n itself_o may_v give_v the_o check_n unto_o these_o trivial_a antiquary_n and_o withhold_v they_o from_o so_o gross_a a_o error_n for_o they_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o leon-vaur_a in_o british_a signify_v a_o great_a legion_n now_o whether_o it_o stand_v more_o with_o reason_n and_o equity_n that_o a_o city_n shall_v take_v name_n of_o a_o great_a legion_n than_o of_o leon_n a_o giant_n let_v the_o learned_a judge_n see_v that_o in_o the_o part_n of_o spain_n call_v tarraconensis_n there_o be_v a_o realm_n now_o call_v leon_n of_o the_o seven_o legion_n germanica_n consider_v also_o that_o the_o twenty_o legion_n which_o they_o term_v britannica_fw-la valens_n victrix_n and_o some_o false_o valeria_z victrix_n abode_n in_o
this_o city_n as_o ptolomee_o antonine_n and_o the_o ancient_a coin_n of_o septimius_n geta_n do_v prove_v by_o which_o it_o appear_v for_o certain_a that_o this_o city_n also_o be_v a_o colony_n for_o in_o the_o reverse_n or_o backside_n thereof_o stand_v this_o inscription_n col_n divana_n leg_n xx._n victrix_n roman_n but_o to_o testify_v the_o roman_n magnificence_n there_o be_v remain_v indeed_o at_o this_o day_n very_o few_o token_n beside_o pavement_n of_o four_o square_a chequer_n work_v howbeit_o in_o the_o former_a age_n it_o present_v many_o which_o ranulph_n a_o monk_n of_o this_o city_n shall_v tell_v you_o out_o of_o his_o polychronicon_n in_o these_o his_o own_o word_n there_o be_v way_n here_o under_o the_o ground_n vault_v marveilous_o with_o stone_n work_n chamber_n have_v arch_a roof_n over_o head_n huge_a stone_n engrave_v with_o the_o name_n of_o ancient_a man_n here_o also_o be_v sometime_o dig_v up_o piece_n of_o money_n coin_v by_o julius_n caesar_n and_o other_o famous_a person_n and_o stump_a with_o their_o inscription_n likewise_o roger_n of_o chester_n in_o his_o policraticon_n when_o i_o behold_v say_v he_o the_o ground_n work_n of_o building_n in_o the_o street_n lay_v with_o monstrous_a big_a stone_n it_o seem_v that_o it_o have_v be_v found_v by_o the_o painful_a labour_n of_o roman_n or_o giant_n rather_o than_o by_o the_o sweat_n of_o britan_n this_o city_n build_v in_o form_n of_o a_o quadrant_a four_o square_a be_v enclose_v with_o a_o wall_n that_o take_v up_o more_o than_o two_o mile_n in_o compass_n *_o and_o have_v eleven_o parish_n but_o that_o of_o s._n john_n without_o the_o northgate_n be_v the_o fair_a be_v a_o stately_a and_o solemn_a building_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o remain_v wherein_o be_v ancient_o prebendary_n and_o as_o some_o write_v the_o bishop_n see_n near_o unto_o the_o river_n stand_v the_o castle_n upon_o a_o rocky_a hill_n build_v by_o the_o earl_n where_o the_o court_v palatine_n and_o the_o assize_n as_o they_o call_v they_o be_v keep_v twice_o a_o year_n the_o house_n be_v very_o fair_a build_v and_o along_o the_o chief_a street_n be_v gallery_n or_o walk_a place_n row_v they_o call_v they_o row_v have_v shop_n on_o both_o side_n through_o which_o a_o man_n may_v walk_v dry_a from_o one_o end_n unto_o the_o other_o but_o it_o have_v not_o continue_v evermore_o in_o one_o tenor_n of_o prosperity_n first_o it_o be_v raze_v by_o egfrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n then_o by_o the_o dane_n yet_o re-edify_v again_o by_o aedelfled_a lady_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o soon_o after_o it_o see_v king_n eadgar_n in_o magnificent_a manner_n triumph_v over_o the_o british_a prince_n for_o scotus_n sit_v himself_o in_o a_o barge_n at_o the_o foredeck_a kennadie_n king_n of_o the_o scot_n malcoline_n king_n of_o cumberland_n year_n macon_n king_n of_o mann_n and_o of_o the_o island_n with_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n bring_v to_o do_v homage_n 960._o and_o like_a waterman_n work_v at_o the_o ore_n row_v he_o along_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi in_o a_o triumphant_a show_n to_o his_o great_a glory_n and_o joy_n of_o the_o beholder_n certain_a year_n after_o and_o namely_o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 1094._o when_o as_o in_o a_o devour_n and_o religious_a emulation_n as_o one_o say_v prince_n strive_v avie_a that_o cathedral_n church_n and_o minister_n shall_v be_v erect_v in_o a_o more_o decent_a and_o seemly_a form_n glaber_n and_o when_o as_o christendom_n rouse_v as_o it_o be_v herself_o and_o cast_v away_o her_o old_a habiliment_n do_v put_v on_o every_o where_o the_o bright_a and_o white_a robe_n of_o church_n hugh_n the_o first_o of_o the_o norman_a blood_n that_o be_v earl_n of_o chester_n repair_v the_o church_n which_o earl_n loefrick_n have_v former_o found_v in_o honour_n of_o the_o virgin_n saint_n werburga_n and_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o anselm_n who_o he_o have_v procure_v to_o come_v out_o of_o normandy_n grant_v the_o same_o unto_o monk_n and_o now_o it_o be_v notorious_a for_o the_o tomb_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o emperor_n of_o almain_n who_o as_o they_o say_v give_v over_o his_o empire_n and_o live_v here_o a_o eremit_v life_n and_o for_o the_o bishop_n see_v therein_o establish_v which_o see_v immediate_o after_o the_o norman_n conquest_n peter_n bishop_n of_o lichfield_n translate_v from_o lichfield_n hither_o but_o when_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o coventry_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o the_o ancient_a seat_n again_o west-chester_n lie_v a_o long_a time_n bere_v of_o this_o episcopal_a dignity_n until_o in_o our_o father_n day_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o have_v thrust_v out_o the_o monk_n ordain_v prebendary_n and_o restore_v a_o bishopagaine_n under_o who_o for_o his_o dioecesse_n he_o appoint_v this_o county_n lancashire_n richmond_n etc._n etc._n and_o appoint_v the_o same_o to_o be_v within_o the_o province_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n but_o return_v we_o now_o to_o matter_n of_o great_a antiquity_n when_o as_o now_o the_o say_a cathedral_n church_n be_v build_v the_o earl_n that_o be_v of_o the_o norman_n line_n fortify_v the_o city_n both_o with_o wall_n and_o castle_n for_o as_o the_o bishop_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n that_o which_o belong_v to_o his_o bishopric_n these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o domesday_n book_n make_v by_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n so_o the_o earl_n with_o their_o man_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n whole_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n it_o pay_v geld_v or_o tribute_n for_o fifty_o hide_n and_o four_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o and_o one_o house_n be_v thus_o geldable_a and_o seven_o mint-master_n when_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o person_n come_v thither_o every_o carrucata_n yield_v unto_o he_o two_o hundred_o hestas_n and_o one_o turn_v full_a of_o ale_n and_o one_o rusca_n of_o butyr_n and_o in_o the_o same_o place_n for_o the_o reedification_n of_o the_o city_n wall_n and_o the_o bridge_n the_o provost_n give_v warning_n by_o a_o edict_n that_o out_o of_o every_o hide_n in_o the_o county_n one_o man_n shall_v come_v and_o look_v who_o man_n come_v not_o his_o lord_n or_o master_n be_v sin_v in_o forty_o shilling_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o earl_n if_o i_o shall_v particulate_v the_o scuffling_n and_o skirmish_n here_o about_o between_o the_o welsh_a and_o the_o english_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o norman_n time_n their_o inroad_n and_o outrode_n the_o often_o scarfire_n of_o the_o suburb_n of_o hanbrid_n beyond_o the_o bridge_n whereupon_o the_o welshman_n call_v it_o treboeth_n that_o be_v the_o burn_a town_n as_o also_o the_o wall_n make_v there_o of_o welshman_n skull_n that_o go_v a_o great_a length_n i_o shall_v seem_v to_o forget_v myself_o and_o thrust_v my_o sickle_n into_o the_o historian_n harvest_n but_o ever_o since_o the_o say_a time_n have_v chester_n notable_o flourish_v and_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o make_v it_o a_o county_n by_o itself_o incorporate_a neither_o want_v any_o thing_n there_o that_o may_v be_v require_v in_o a_o most_o flourish_a city_n but_o that_o the_o ocean_n be_v offend_v and_o angry_a as_o it_o be_v at_o certain_a mill_n in_o the_o very_a channel_n of_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi have_v by_o little_a withdraw_v himself_o back_o and_o afford_v not_o unto_o the_o city_n the_o commodity_n of_o a_o haven_n as_o heretofore_o the_o longitude_n of_o this_o place_n be_v twenty_o degree_n and_o three_o and_o twenty_o scruple_n the_o latitude_n three_o and_o fifty_o degree_n and_o eleven_o scruple_n if_o you_o desire_v to_o know_v more_o touch_v this_o city_n have_v here_o these_o report_n out_o of_o lucian_n that_o monk_n abovesaid_a who_o live_v almost_o five_o hundred_o year_n ago_o first_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o chester_n be_v build_v as_o a_o city_n the_o site_n whereof_o invit_v and_o allure_v the_o eye_n which_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o britain_n be_v in_o time_n past_o a_o place_n of_o receipt_n to_o the_o legion_n come_v a_o far_o off_o to_o repose_v themselves_o and_o serve_v sufficient_o to_o keep_v the_o key_n as_o i_o may_v say_v of_o ireland_n for_o the_o roman_n to_o preserve_v the_o limit_n of_o their_o empire_n for_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o north-east_n part_n of_o ireland_n it_o open_v way_n for_o passage_n of_o ship_n and_o mariner_n with_o spread_a sail_n pass_v not_o often_o but_o continual_o to_o and_o fro_o as_o also_o for_o the_o commodity_n of_o sundry_a sort_n of_o merchandise_n and_o while_o it_o cast_v a_o eye_n forward_o into_o the_o east_n it_o look_v towards_o not_o only_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n and_o the_o emperor_n thereof_o but_o the_o whole_a world_n also_o so_o that_o it_o stand_v forth_o as_o a_o ken_n place_n to_o the_o view_n of_o eye_n that_o there_o may_v be_v know_v valiant_a exploit_n and_o
in_o british_a call_v castle_n hean_n that_o be_v the_o old_a castle_n town_n and_o in_o english_a the_o old_a town_n a_o poor_a small_a village_n now_o but_o this_o new_a name_n be_v a_o good_a proof_n for_o the_o antiquity_n thereof_o for_o in_o both_o tongue_n it_o sound_v as_o much_o as_o a_o old_a castle_n or_o town_n alterynnis_n next_o unto_o this_o old_a town_n alterynnis_n lie_v in_o manner_n of_o a_o river-island_n insulate_v within_o water_n the_o seat_n in_o old_a time_n of_o that_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o sitsilt_n or_o cecil_n knight_n whence_o my_o right_a honourable_a patron_n cecil_n accomplish_v with_o all_o the_o ornament_n of_o virtue_n wisdom_n and_o nobility_n sir_n william_n cecil_n baron_n of_o burghley_n and_o lord_n high_a treasurer_n of_o england_n derive_v his_o descent_n from_o hence_o munow_v turn_v eastward_o for_o a_o good_a space_n separate_v this_o country_n from_o monmouth-shire_n and_o at_o castle_n map-harald_n arm_n or_o harold_n ewias_n be_v increase_v with_o the_o river_n dor._n this_o ewias_n castle_n that_o i_o may_v speak_v out_o of_o k._n william_n the_o first_o his_o book_n be_v repair_v by_o alured_n of_o marleberg_n afterward_o it_o pertain_v to_o one_o harold_n a_o gentleman_n who_o in_o a_o shield_n argent_fw-fr bare_a a_o fez_n geules_n between_o three_o estoile_n sable_a for_o his_o arm_n of_o who_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v call_v harold_n ewias_n but_o sibyl_n his_o niece_n in_o the_o second_o degree_n and_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n hill_n by_o her_o marriage_n transfer_v it_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o tregoz_n from_o who_o it_o come_v at_o length_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o grandison_n descend_v out_o of_o burgundy_n but_o of_o they_o elsewhere_o now_o the_o say_a dor_n which_o run_v down_o from_o the_o north_n by_o snodhill_n a_o castle_n and_o the_o barony_n sometime_o of_o robert_n chandos_n where_o be_v a_o quary_n of_o excellent_a marble_n cut_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o vale_n marble_n which_o of_o the_o river_n the_o britan_n call_n diffrin_n door_n but_o the_o englishman_n that_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o express_v the_o force_n of_o that_o word_n term_v it_o the_o gild_a vale_n vale._n which_o name_n it_o may_v by_o good_a right_n and_o just_o have_v for_o the_o golden_a wealthy_a and_o pleasant_a fertility_n thereof_o for_o the_o hill_n that_o compass_v it_o in_o on_o both_o side_n be_v clad_v with_o wood_n under_o the_o wood_n lie_v corn_n field_n on_o either_o hand_n and_o under_o those_o field_n most_o gay_a and_o gallant_a meadow_n then_o run_v in_o the_o midst_n between_o they_o a_o most_o clear_a and_o crystal_n river_n on_o which_o robert_n lord_n of_o ewias_n place_v a_o fair_a monastery_n wherein_o most_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o these_o part_n be_v inter_v part_v of_o this_o shire_n which_o from_o this_o vale_n decline_v and_o bend_v eastward_o be_v now_o call_v irchenfeld_n irchenfeld_n in_o domesday_n book_n archenfeld_n which_o as_o our_o historian_n write_v be_v lay_v waist_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n by_o the_o dane_n in_o the_o year_n 715._o at_o what_o time_n camalac_n also_o a_o britain_n bishop_n be_v carry_v away_o prisoner_n kilpect_n in_o this_o part_n stand_v kilpeck_n a_o castle_n of_o great_a name_n and_o the_o seat_n it_o be_v of_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o kilpeck_n who_o be_v as_o some_o say_v the_o champion_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o norman_n and_o i_o myself_o also_o will_v easy_o assent_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o there_o dwell_v here_o sir_n robert_n wallerond_n who_o nephew_n alane_n plugenet_n live_v in_o the_o honourable_a state_n of_o a_o baron_n in_o this_o archenfeld_n likewise_o as_o we_o read_v in_o domesday_n book_n certain_a revenue_n by_o a_o old_a custom_n be_v assign_v to_o one_o or_o two_o priest_n on_o this_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v go_v in_o embassage_n for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n into_o wales_n and_o to_o use_v the_o word_n out_o of_o the_o same_o book_n the_o man_n of_o archenfeld_n whensoever_o the_o army_n march_v forward_o against_o the_o enemy_n by_o a_o custom_n make_v the_o avantgard_n and_o in_o the_o return_n homeward_o the_o rearward_n castle_n as_o munow_v run_v along_o the_o low_a part_n of_o this_o shire_n so_o why_o with_o a_o bend_a course_n cut_v over_o the_o midst_n upon_o which_o river_n in_o the_o very_a west_n limit_n clifford_n castle_n stand_v which_o william_n fitz_n osborn_n earl_n of_o hereford_n build_v upon_o his_o own_o west_n as_o it_o be_v in_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n book_n but_o raulph_n de_fw-fr todenay_n hold_v it_o afterwards_o it_o seem_v to_o have_v come_v unto_o walter_n the_o son_n of_o richard_n fitz_n punt_n a_o norman_a for_o he_o be_v surname_v de_n clifford_n 1._o and_o from_o he_o the_o right_a honourable_a family_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o cumberland_n do_v true_o deduce_v their_o descent_n but_o in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o john_n giffard_n who_o marry_v the_o heir_n of_o walter_n l._n clifford_n have_v it_o in_o his_o hand_n then_o why_o with_o a_o crooked_a and_o wind_a stream_n roll_v down_o by_o whitney_n which_o have_v give_v name_n to_o a_o worshipful_a family_n and_o by_o bradwardin_n castle_n which_o give_v both_o original_a and_o name_n to_o that_o famous_a thomas_n bradwardin_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n who_o for_o his_o variety_n of_o knowledge_n and_o profound_a learning_n be_v in_o that_o age_n term_v the_o profound_a doctor_n doctor_n and_o so_o at_o length_n come_v to_o hereford_n the_o head_n city_n of_o this_o country_n how_o far_o that_o little_a region_n archenfeld_n reach_v i_o know_v not_o but_o the_o affinity_n between_o these_o name_n ereinuc_fw-la archenfeld_n the_o town_n ariconium_n of_o which_o antonine_n in_o the_o description_n of_o this_o tract_n make_v mention_v hereford_n and_o hareford_n or_o hereford_n which_o now_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o shire_n have_v by_o little_a and_o little_o induce_v i_o to_o this_o opinion_n that_o i_o think_v every_o one_o of_o these_o be_v derive_v from_o ariconium_n yet_o do_v i_o not_o think_v that_o ariconium_n and_o hereford_n be_v both_o one_o and_o the_o same_o but_o like_a as_o basil_n in_o germany_n challenge_v unto_o it_o the_o name_n of_o augusta_n rauracorum_n and_o baldach_n in_o assyria_n the_o name_n of_o babylon_n â—or_a that_o as_o one_o have_v original_n from_o the_o ruin_n of_o babylon_n so_o the_o other_o from_o the_o ruin_n of_o augusta_n even_o so_o this_o hariford_n of_o we_o for_o so_o the_o common_a people_n call_v it_o derive_v both_o name_n and_o beginning_n in_o my_o opinion_n from_o his_o neighbour_n old_a ariconium_n which_o have_v at_o this_o day_n no_o shape_n or_o show_v at_o all_o of_o a_o town_n as_o have_v be_v by_o report_n shake_v to_o piece_n with_o earthquake_n only_o it_o retain_v still_o a_o shadow_n of_o the_o name_n kenchester_n be_v call_v kenchester_n and_o show_v to_o the_o beholder_n some_o ruin_n of_o wall_n which_o they_o term_n kenchester_n wall_n about_o which_o be_v often_o dig_v up_o four_o square_a pave_v stone_n of_o chequer_n work_n british-bricke_n piece_n of_o roman_a money_n and_o other_o such_o like_a remain_v of_o antiquity_n but_o hereford_n her_o daughter_n which_o more_o express_o resemble_v the_o name_n thereof_o stand_v eastward_o scarce_o three_o italian_a mile_n from_o it_o seat_v among_o most_o pleasant_a meadow_n and_o as_o plentiful_a corn_n field_n compass_v almost_o round_o about_o with_o river_n on_o the_o north_n side_n and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o one_o that_o have_v no_o name_n on_o the_o south_n side_n with_o why_o thath_fw-mi hasten_v hither_o out_o of_o wales_n it_o be_v think_v to_o have_v show_v her_o head_n first_o what_o time_n as_o the_o saxon_n heptarchy_n be_v in_o the_o flower_n and_o prime_n build_v as_o some_o write_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a neither_o be_v there_o as_o far_o as_o i_o have_v read_v any_o memory_n thereof_o more_o ancient_a for_o the_o britan_n before_o the_o name_n of_o hereford_n be_v know_v call_v the_o place_n tresawith_n of_o beech_n tree_n and_o hereford_n of_o a_o old_a way_n and_o the_o saxon_n themselves_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o fern_n 793._o the_o great_a increase_n if_o i_o be_v not_o deceive_v that_o it_o have_v come_v by_o religion_n and_o by_o the_o martyrdom_n of_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o the_o east_n england_n martyr_n who_o when_o he_o woo_v himself_o the_o daughter_n of_o offa_n k._n of_o the_o mercian_n be_v villainous_o forlay_v and_o murder_v by_o the_o procurement_n of_o quendr_v offaes_n wife_n respect_v more_o the_o country_n of_o the_o east_n england_n than_o the_o honest_a and_o honourable_a match_n of_o her_o daughter_n which_o ethelbert_n be_v register_v in_o
the_o catalogue_n of_o martyr_n have_v a_o church_n here_o build_v and_o dedicate_v unto_o he_o by_o milfrid_n a_o petty_a k._n of_o the_o country_n wherein_o when_o a_o bishop_n see_v be_v establish_v it_o grow_v to_o great_a wealth_n first_o through_o the_o devout_a liberality_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o then_o of_o the_o west_n saxon_n king_n for_o they_o at_o length_n be_v possess_v of_o this_o city_n as_o may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n where_o he_o write_v that_o athelistan_n the_o west_n saxon_n bring_v the_o lord_n of_o wales_n in_o this_o city_n of_o so_o hard_o pass_v that_o by_o way_n of_o tribute_n they_o be_v to_o pay_v every_o year_n beside_o hound_n and_o hawk_n twenty_o pound_n of_o gold_n and_o three_o hundred_o pound_n of_o silver_n by_o weight_n this_o city_n as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v read_v have_v never_o any_o misfortune_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1055._o wherein_o gruffith_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n and_o algar_n a_o english_a man_n rebel_a against_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n after_o they_o have_v put_v to_o flight_n earl_n ralph_n sack_v the_o city_n destroy_v the_o cathedral_n church_n and_o lead_v away_o captive_a leofgar_n the_o bishop_n but_o harold_n straightway_o after_o that_o he_o and_o daunt_v their_o audacious_a courage_n fence_a it_o as_o floriacensis_fw-la say_v with_o a_o broad_a and_o high_a rampire_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o malmesbury_n write_v thus_o in_o his_o treatise_n of_o bishop_n hereford_n be_v no_o great_a city_n and_o yet_o by_o the_o height_n of_o those_o steep_a and_o upright_a bank_n cast_v up_o it_o show_v that_o it_o have_v be_v some_o great_a thing_n and_o as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o domesday_n book_n of_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n there_o be_v in_o all_o but_o a_o hundred_o and_o three_o man_n within_o the_o wall_n and_o without_o the_o norman_n afterward_o near_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o church_n along_o the_o side_n of_o why_o build_v a_o mighty_a great_a and_o strong_a castle_n the_o work_n as_o some_o report_n of_o earl_n miles_n which_o now_o yield_v to_o time_n and_o run_v to_o ruin_v after_o this_o they_o wall_v the_o city_n about_o bishop_n reinelm_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o found_v that_o beautiful_a cathedral_n church_n which_o now_o we_o see_v there_o who_o successor_n enlarge_v it_o by_o adjoin_v thereto_o a_o proper_a college_n for_o priest_n and_o fair_a house_n for_o the_o prebendary_n for_o beside_o the_o bishop_n who_o have_v 302._o church_n in_o his_o dioecese_n there_o be_v in_o this_o church_n a_o dean_n two_o archdeacon_n a_o chaunter_n a_o chancellor_n 2_o treasurer_n and_o eight_o and_o twenty_o prebendary_n in_o the_o church_n i_o see_v in_o manner_n no_o monument_n but_o the_o bishop_n tomb_n and_o i_o have_v hear_v that_o thomas_n cantlow_n the_o bishop_n a_o man_n of_o noble_a birth_n have_v here_o a_o very_a stately_a and_o sumptuous_a sepulchre_n who_o for_o his_o holiness_n be_v canonize_v a_o saint_n go_v within_o a_o little_a of_o surmount_v that_o princely_a martyr_n king_n ethelbert_n such_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o singular_a piety_n and_o devotion_n geographer_n measure_v the_o position_n or_o site_n of_o this_o city_n by_o the_o longitude_n of_o twenty_o degree_n and_o four_o and_o twenty_o scruple_n and_o by_o the_o latitude_n of_o two_o and_o fifty_o degree_n and_o six_o scruple_n why_o be_v not_o go_v full_o three_o mile_n from_o hence_o but_o he_o intercept_v by_o the_o way_n the_o river_n lugier_n who_o run_v down_o a_o main_a out_o of_o radnor_n hill_n with_o a_o still_a course_n pass_v through_o the_o mid_n of_o this_o country_n from_o the_o northwest_n of_o the_o southeast_n at_o the_o first_o entrance_n brian_n it_o see_v a_o far_o off_o brampton_n brian_n castle_n which_o a_o famous_a family_n name_v hereof_o de_fw-fr brampton_n wherein_o the_o forname_n be_v usual_o brian_n hold_v by_o continual_a succession_n unto_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o but_o now_o by_o the_o female_a heir_n it_o be_v come_v to_o r._n harleie_fw-la wigmore_n near_o at_o hand_n it_o behold_v wigmore_n in_o the_o english_a saxon_n tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d repair_v in_o elder_a time_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a afterward_o fortify_v by_o william_n earl_n of_o hereford_n with_o a_o castle_n in_o the_o waist_n of_o a_o ground_n for_o so_o read_v we_o in_o domesday_n book_n which_o be_v call_v marestun_n in_o the_o tenure_n of_o radulph_n de_fw-fr mortimer_n mortimer_n from_o who_o those_o mortimer_n that_o be_v afterward_o earl_n of_o march_n lineal_o descend_v of_o who_o you_o may_v read_v more_o in_o radnor-shire_n three_o mile_n off_o there_o be_v another_o neighbour_n castle_n castle_n call_v richard_n castle_n the_o possession_n first_o of_o the_o say_v then_o of_o the_o mortimer_n and_o afterward_o of_o the_o talbot_n by_o hereditary_a succession_n at_o length_n by_o the_o heir_n of_o sir_n john_n talbot_n the_o inheritance_n be_v divide_v between_o sir_n guarin_n archdeacon_n and_o sir_n matthew_n gurnay_n beneath_o this_o castle_n nature_n who_o no_o where_o disport_v herself_o more_o in_o show_v wonder_n then_o in_o water_n have_v bring_v forth_o a_o pretty_a well_o which_o be_v always_o full_a of_o little_a bone_n or_o as_o some_o think_v of_o small_a frog-bone_n although_o they_o be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n draw_v quite_o out_o of_o it_o whence_o it_o be_v common_o call_v bone_n well_o well_o and_o not_o far_o off_o be_v place_v croft_n castle_n the_o possession_n of_o that_o very_a ancient_a family_n of_o the_o crofts_n knight_n who_o have_v there_o now_o a_o long_a time_n flourish_v in_o great_a and_o good_a esteem_n thence_o pass_v why_o too_o lemster_n lemster_n which_o also_o be_v call_v leon_n minister_n and_o lion_n monastery_n of_o a_o lion_n that_o appear_v to_o a_o religious_a man_n in_o a_o vision_n as_o some_o have_v dream_v but_o whereas_o the_o britan_n call_v it_o lhan_n lieni_n which_o signify_v a_o church_n of_o nun_n and_o that_o it_o be_v certain_o know_v that_o merewalc_n a_o king_n of_o the_o mercian_n build_v here_o a_o church_n for_o nun_n that_o afterward_o become_v a_o cell_n belong_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o read_v to_o seek_v any_o other_o original_n of_o the_o name_n than_o from_o those_o nun_n what_o be_v it_o else_o but_o to_o hunt_v after_o the_o wind_n yet_o there_o want_v not_o some_o who_o derive_v it_o from_o line_n whereof_o the_o best_a kind_n grow_v here_o the_o great_a name_n and_o same_o that_o it_o have_v at_o this_o day_n be_v of_o the_o wool_n in_o the_o territory_n round_o about_o ale_n lemister_n over_o they_o call_v it_o which_o set_v aside_o that_o of_o apulia_n and_o tarentum_n all_o europe_n count_v to_o be_v the_o very_o best_a so_o renown_v also_o it_o be_v for_o wheat_n and_o bread_n of_o the_o fine_a flower_n that_o lemster_n bread_n and_o weabley_n ale_n a_o town_n belong_v to_o the_o noble_a family_n d'eureux_fw-fr be_v grow_v unto_o a_o common_a proverb_n by_o reason_n of_o these_o commodity_n the_o mercates_n at_o lemster_n be_v so_o frequent_v that_o they_o of_o hereford_n and_o worcester_n complain_v that_o the_o confluence_n of_o people_n thither_o impair_v their_o mercate_n procure_v that_o by_o royal_a authority_n the_o mercat_n day_n be_v change_v now_o have_v i_o nothing_o more_o concern_v lemster_n but_o that_o william_n breosa_n lord_n of_o brecknock_n when_o he_o revolt_v from_o king_n john_n webley_n do_v set_v it_o on_o fire_n and_o deface_v it_o as_o for_o that_o webley_n aforesaid_a it_o be_v situate_a more_o within_o the_o country_n verdon_n and_o be_v the_o barony_n of_o the_o verdon_n the_o first_o of_o which_o house_n name_v bertram_z de_fw-fr verdon_n come_v into_o england_n with_o the_o norman_n who_o posterity_n by_o marriage_n with_o a_o inheretrice_n of_o lacey_n of_o trim_a in_o ireland_n be_v for_o a_o good_a while_n hereditary_a constable_n of_o ireland_n and_o at_o last_o the_o possession_n be_v by_o the_o daughter_n devolve_v to_o the_o furnivall_n burghersh_n ferrars_n of_o groby_n crop-hulls_a and_o from_o the_o crop-hulls_a by_o the_o ferrars_n of_o chartly_n unto_o d'eureux_fw-fr earl_n of_o essex_n near_o neighbour_n unto_o webley_n more_o westward_o be_v these_o place_n huntingdon_n castle_n the_o possession_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o the_o bohun_v earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o of_o essex_n kinnersley_n belong_v to_o the_o ancient_a family_n de_fw-fr la-bere_a and_o erdsley_n where_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o baskervill_n ult_n have_v long_o inhabit_v which_o breed_v in_o old_a time_n so_o many_o worthy_a knight_n who_o deduce_v their_o pedigree_n from_o a_o niece_n of_o dame_n gunora_n that_o most_o famous_a lady_n in_o normandy_n and_o long_o ago_o flourish_v in_o this_o country_n and_o
of_o the_o land_n be_v fall_v there_o be_v great_a competition_n for_o the_o title_n of_o abergevenny_n argue_v in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o king_n james_n and_o their_o several_a claim_v debate_v seven_o several_a day_n by_o the_o learned_a counsel_n of_o both_o part_n before_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n yet_o when_o as_o the_o question_n of_o precise_a right_n in_o law_n be_v not_o sufficient_o clear_v but_o both_o of_o they_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o honour_n of_o their_o family_n be_v think_v of_o every_o one_o right_a worthy_a of_o honourable_a title_n and_o whereas_o it_o appear_v evident_o by_o most_o certain_a proof_n that_o the_o title_n as_o well_o of_o the_o barony_n of_o abergevenny_n as_o of_o le_fw-fr despenser_n appertain_v hereditary_o to_o this_o family_n the_o lord_n humble_o and_o earnest_o beseech_v the_o king_n that_o both_o party_n may_v be_v ennoble_v by_o way_n of_o restitution_n who_o gracious_o assent_v thereunto_o hereupon_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n propose_v unto_o the_o lord_n first_o whether_o the_o heir_n male_a shall_v have_v the_o title_n of_o abergevenny_n or_o the_o heir_n female_a and_o the_o most_o voice_n carry_v it_o that_o the_o title_n of_o the_o barony_n of_o abergevenny_n shall_v be_v restore_v unto_o the_o heir_n male_a and_o when_o he_o propound_v second_o whether_o the_o title_n of_o the_o barony_n le_fw-fr despenser_n shall_v be_v restore_v unto_o the_o female_a they_o all_o with_o one_o accord_n give_v their_o full_a consent_n which_o be_v declare_v unto_o the_o king_n he_o confirm_v their_o determination_n with_o his_o gracious_a approbation_n and_o royal_a assent_n then_o be_v edward_n nevil_n by_o the_o king_n write_v call_v unto_o the_o parliament_n by_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n abergavenney_n and_o in_o his_o parliament_n robe_n between_o two_o baron_n as_o the_o manner_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o house_n and_o place_v in_o his_o seat_n above_o the_o baron_n audley_n and_o at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n be_v the_o letter_n patent_n read_v whereby_o the_o king_n restore_v erect_v prefer_v etc._n etc._n marry_o fane_n despenser_n to_o the_o state_n degree_n title_n stile_n name_n honour_n and_o dignity_n of_o baronesse_n le-despens_a to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o foresay_a state_n and_o unto_o the_o above_o name_v mary_n and_o her_o heir_n and_o that_o her_o heir_n successive_o shall_v be_v baron_n le-despens_a etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o a_o new_a question_n move_v unto_o whether_o the_o barony_n of_o abergavenney_n or_o the_o barony_n le-despens_a the_o priority_n of_o place_n be_v due_a the_o lord_n refer_v this_o point_n to_o the_o commissioner_n for_o the_o office_n of_o the_o earl_n mareschall_n of_o england_n who_o after_o mature_a deliberation_n and_o weigh_v of_o the_o matter_n give_v definitive_a sentence_n for_o the_o barony_n le-despens_a set_v down_o under_o their_o hand_n and_o sign_v with_o their_o seal_n which_o be_v read_v before_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o by_o order_n from_o they_o enter_v into_o the_o journal_n book_n out_o of_o which_o i_o have_v summary_o thus_o much_o exemplify_v john_n hastings_n for_o i_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o pass_v it_o over_o in_o silence_n hold_v this_o castle_n by_o homage_n wardship_n and_o marriage_n when_o it_o happen_v as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o inquisition_n and_o if_o there_o shall_v chance_v any_o war_n between_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n 2._o he_o be_v to_o keep_v the_o country_n of_o over-went_a at_o his_o own_o charge_n in_o the_o best_a manner_n he_o can_v for_o his_o own_o commodity_n the_o king_n behoof_n and_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n defence_n burrium_n the_o second_o little_a city_n which_o antonine_n name_v burrium_n and_o set_v down_o twelve_o mile_n from_o gobannium_n stand_v where_o the_o river_n birthin_n and_o uske_n meet_v in_o one_o stream_n the_o britan_n at_o this_o day_n by_o transpose_v of_o the_o letter_n call_v it_o brunebegy_n for_o burenbegy_n and_o caer_n uske_n giraldus_n term_v it_o castrum_n oscae_fw-la that_o be_v the_o castle_n of_o uske_n uske_n and_o we_o englishman_n uske_n at_o this_o day_n it_o can_v show_v nothing_o but_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o large_a and_o strong_a castle_n situate_v most_o pleasant_o between_o the_o river_n uske_n and_o oilwy_a a_o riveret_n which_o beneath_o it_o run_v from_o the_o east_n by_o ragland_n a_o fair_a house_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o worcester_n build_v castle-like_a the_o three_o city_n which_o antonine_n name_v isca_n and_o legio_n secunda_fw-la be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o uske_n twelve_o italian_a mile_n just_o distant_a from_o burrium_n uske_n as_o he_o have_v put_v it_o down_o the_o britan_n call_v it_o caer_fw-mi leon_n and_o caer_n leon_n be_v uske_n that_o be_v the_o city_n of_o the_o legion_n upon_o uske_n of_o the_o second_o legion_n augusta_n which_o also_o be_v call_v britannica_fw-la secunda_fw-la this_o legion_n be_v ordain_v by_o the_o emperor_n augustus_n and_o translate_v by_o claudius_n out_o of_o germany_n into_o britain_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o vespasian_n be_v ready_a at_o his_o command_n when_o he_o aspire_v to_o be_v emperor_n and_o which_o procure_v the_o legion_n in_o britain_n to_o take_v his_o part_n be_v here_o at_o last_o place_v in_o garrison_n by_o julius_n frontinus_n as_o it_o seem_v against_o the_o silures_n how_o great_a this_o isca_n be_v in_o those_o day_n listen_v unto_o our_o girald_n out_o of_o his_o book_n call_v itinerarium_fw-la cambriae_fw-la who_o thus_o describe_v it_o out_o of_o the_o ruin_n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a and_o authentic_a city_n excellent_o well_o build_v in_o old_a time_n by_o the_o roman_n with_o brick_n wall_n here_o may_v a_o man_n see_v many_o footing_n of_o the_o antique_a nobility_n and_o dignity_n it_o have_v mighty_a and_o huge_a palace_n with_o golden_a pinnacle_n in_o time_n past_a resemble_v the_o proud_a stateliness_n of_o the_o roman_n for_o that_o it_o have_v be_v find_v first_o by_o roman_a prince_n and_o beautify_v with_o goodly_a building_n there_o may_v you_o behold_v a_o giantlike_a tower_n notable_a and_o brave_a banns_n the_o remain_v of_o temple_n and_o theatre_n all_o compass_v in_o with_o fair_a wall_n which_o be_v partly_o yet_o stand_v there_o may_v one_o find_v in_o every_o place_n as_o well_o within_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o wall_n as_o without_z house_n under_o ground_n water_n pipe_n and_o vault_n within_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o which_o you_o will_v count_v among_o all_o the_o rest_n worth_a observation_n you_o may_v see_v every_o where_o hoâ—e_a house_n make_v wondrous_a artificial_o breathe_v forth_o heat_n very_o close_o at_o certain_a narrow_a tunnel_n in_o the_o side_n here_o lie_v inter_v two_o noble_a protomartyr_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o next_o after_o alban_n and_o amphibalus_fw-la the_o very_a principal_n here_o crown_v with_o martyrdom_n namely_o julius_n and_o aaron_n and_o both_o of_o they_o have_v in_o this_o city_n a_o goodly_a church_n dedicate_v unto_o they_o for_o in_o ancient_a time_n there_o have_v be_v three_o pass_v fair_a church_n in_o this_o city_n one_o of_o julius_n the_o martyr_n beautify_v with_o a_o chair_n of_o nun_n devote_v to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n a_o second_o found_v in_o the_o name_n of_o bless_a aaron_n his_o companion_n and_o ennoble_v with_o a_o excellent_a order_n of_o canon_n amphibalus_fw-la also_o the_o teacher_n of_o saint_n alban_n and_o a_o faithful_a informer_n of_o he_o unto_o faith_n be_v bear_v here_o the_o site_n of_o the_o city_n be_v excellent_a upon_o the_o river_n oske_n able_a to_o bear_v a_o pretty_a vessel_n at_o a_o high_a water_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o city_n be_v fair_o furnish_v with_o wood_n and_o meadow_n here_o it_o be_v that_o the_o roman_a ambassador_n repair_v unto_o the_o famous_a court_n of_o that_o great_a king_n arthur_n where_o dubritius_fw-la also_o resign_v the_o archiepiscopall_a honour_n unto_o david_n of_o menevia_n when_o the_o metropolitan_a see_v be_v translate_v from_o hence_o to_o menevia_n thus_o much_o out_o of_o giraldus_n but_o for_o the_o avouch_v and_o confirm_v of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o place_n i_o think_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o adjoyne_v here_o those_o antique_a inscription_n late_o dig_v forth_o of_o the_o ground_n which_o the_o right_a reverend_a father_n in_o god_n francis_n godwin_n bishop_n of_o landaffe_n a_o pass_a great_a lover_n of_o venerable_a antiquity_n and_o of_o all_o good_a literature_n have_v of_o his_o courtesy_n impart_v unto_o i_o in_o the_o year_n 1602._o in_o a_o meadow_n adjoin_v there_o be_v find_v by_o ditcher_n a_o certain_a image_n of_o a_o personage_n gird_v and_o short_a truss_v bear_v a_o quiver_n but_o head_n hand_n and_o foot_n be_v break_v off_o upon_o a_o pavement_n of_o square_a tile_n in_o chequer_n
part_n of_o the_o shire_n nature_n have_v lofty_o arear_v it_o up_o far_o and_o near_o with_o mountain_n stand_v thick_a one_o by_o another_o as_o if_o she_o will_v here_o have_v compact_v the_o joint_n of_o this_o island_n within_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o make_v this_o part_n thereof_o a_o most_o sure_a place_n of_o refuge_n for_o the_o britan_n in_o time_n of_o adversity_n for_o there_o be_v so_o many_o roughe_n and_o rock_n so_o many_o vale_n full_a of_o wood_n with_o pool_n here_o and_o there_o cross_v over_o they_o lie_v in_o the_o way_n between_o that_o no_o army_n nay_o not_o so_o much_o as_o those_o that_o be_v light_o appoint_v can_v find_v passage_n a_o man_n may_v true_o brittany_n if_o he_o please_v term_v these_o mountain_n the_o british_a alps_n for_o beside_o that_o they_o be_v the_o great_a of_o the_o whole_a island_n they_o be_v no_o less_o steep_a also_o with_o cragged_a and_o rend_v rock_n on_o every_o side_n than_o the_o alps_n of_o italy_n yea_o and_o all_o of_o they_o compass_v one_o mountain_n round_o about_o which_o over-topping_a the_o rest_n so_o tower_v up_o with_o his_o head_n aloft_o in_o the_o air_n as_o he_o may_v seem_v not_o to_o threaten_v the_o sky_n but_o to_o thrust_v his_o head_n up_o into_o heaven_n and_o yet_o harbour_v they_o the_o snow_n for_o all_o the_o year_n long_o they_o be_v hoary_a with_o snow_n or_o rather_o with_o a_o harden_a crust_n of_o many_o snow_n felt_v together_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o all_o these_o hill_n be_v in_o british_a by_o one_o name_n term_v craig_n eriry_a in_o english_a snow-don_a hill_n which_o in_o both_o language_n sound_a as_o much_o as_o snowy_a mountain_n like_v as_o niphates_n in_o armenia_n and_o imaus_n in_o scythia_n take_v their_o name_n as_o pliny_n witness_v of_o snow_n nevertheless_o so_o rank_n be_v they_o with_o grass_n that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a common_a speech_n among_o the_o welsh_a that_o the_o mountain_n eriry_n will_v yield_v sufficient_a pasture_n for_o all_o the_o cat-tail_n in_o wales_n if_o they_o be_v put_v upon_o they_o together_o concern_v the_o two_o mere_n on_o the_o top_n of_o these_o in_o the_o one_o of_o which_o flore_v a_o wander_a island_n and_o in_o the_o other_o be_v find_v great_a store_n of_o fish_n but_o have_v all_o of_o they_o but_o one_o eye_n a_o piece_n i_o will_v say_v nothing_o leave_v i_o may_v seem_v to_o foster_v fable_n although_o some_o confident_a upon_o the_o authority_n of_o giraldus_n have_v believe_v it_o for_o a_o verity_n yet_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o very_a top_n of_o these_o mountain_n pool_n in_o deed_n and_o stand_a water_n whereupon_o gervase_n of_o tilbury_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v otia_fw-la imperialia_fw-la write_v thus_o in_o the_o land_n of_o wales_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o great_a britain_n there_o be_v high_a hill_n that_o have_v lay_v their_o foundation_n upon_o most_o hard_a rock_n and_o in_o the_o top_n thereof_o the_o earth_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o such_o a_o coat_n of_o waterish_a moisture_n that_o wheresoever_o a_o man_n do_v but_o light_o set_v his_o foot_n he_o shall_v perceive_v the_o ground_n to_o stir_v the_o length_n of_o a_o stone_n cast_v from_o he_o whereupon_o when_o the_o enemy_n come_v the_o welsh_z with_o their_o agility_n and_o nimbleness_n light_o leap_v over_o the_o boggy_a ground_n either_o avoid_v the_o enemy_n assault_n or_o to_o their_o loss_n resolute_o expect_v their_o force_n these_o mountainer_n john_n salisbury_n in_o his_o polycraticon_n by_o a_o new_a forge_a latin_a name_n term_v nivicollinos_n nivicollini_fw-la that_o be_v snow-down_a inhabitant_n of_o who_o in_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o his_o day_n he_o write_v thus_o the_o snow-downe_a britan_n make_v inroad_n and_o be_v now_o come_v out_o of_o their_o cave_n and_o lurk_a hole_n of_o the_o wood_n enlarge_v their_o border_n possess_v the_o plain_n of_o the_o noble_a man_n and_o while_o themselves_o look_v on_o they_o assault_v they_o win_v and_o overthrow_v they_o or_o else_o keep_v the_o same_o to_o their_o own_o behoof_n because_o our_o youth_n which_o be_v so_o dainty_o bring_v up_o and_o love_v to_o be_v house-bird_n and_o to_o live_v lazy_a in_o the_o shade_n be_v bear_v only_o to_o devour_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o to_o fill_v the_o belly_n sleep_v until_o it_o be_v broad_a day_n light_n etc._n etc._n but_o come_v we_o down_o now_o from_o the_o mountain_n into_o the_o champion_n plain_n which_o because_o we_o find_v no_o where_o else_o but_o by_o the_o sea_n side_n it_o may_v suffice_v to_o coast_n only_o along_o the_o shore_n the_o promontory_n which_o i_o say_v before_o shoot_v out_o towards_o the_o south-west_n canganum_fw-la be_v in_o ptolomee_n call_v according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o copy_n canganum_n janganum_fw-la and_o langanum_n which_o be_v the_o true_a name_n i_o know_v not_o but_o langanum_n it_o may_v seem_v consider_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n name_v it_o at_o this_o day_n lhein_n lhein_n which_o run_v forth_o with_o a_o narrow_a and_o even_a by-land_n have_v large_a and_o more_o open_a field_n than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o same_o yield_a barley_n most_o plenteous_o two_o little_a town_n it_o show_v and_o no_o more_o that_o be_v memorable_a far_o within_o upon_o the_o creek_n nevin_n be_v pullhe_o that_o be_v that_o salt_n meare_n or_o poole_n more_o outward_a by_o the_o irish_a sea_n hat_n beat_v upon_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o bi-land_n be_v nevin_n a_o village_n have_v a_o merket_n keep_v in_o it_o wherein_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1284._o in_o a_o triumph_n over_o the_o welsh_a do_v celebrate_v the_o memory_n of_o arthur_n the_o great_a as_o florilegus_n write_v with_o juste_n tournament_n and_o festival_n pomp_n if_o any_o other_o town_n flourish_v here_o then_o be_v they_o destroy_v when_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n gruffin_n robert_n of_o rudland_n and_o guarin_n of_o salop_n enter_v into_o this_o country_n first_o of_o all_o the_o norman_n so_o waste_v this_o promontory_n that_o for_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o whole_a year_n it_o lay_v dispeople_v and_o desolate_a from_o nevin_n the_o shore_n point_v and_o endent_v with_o one_o or_o two_o elbow_n lie_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n tend_v northward_o and_o then_o turn_v afront_o north-east_n by_o a_o narrow_a sea_n or_o frith_n they_o call_v it_o menai_n it_o serve_v the_o isle_n anglesey_n from_o the_o firm_a land_n menai_n upon_o this_o straight_a or_o narrow_a sea_n stand_v segontium_n segontium_n a_o city_n which_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n make_v mention_n of_o some_o relic_n of_o the_o wall_n i_o see_v near_o unto_o a_o little_a church_n build_v in_o honour_n of_o saint_n pulblicius_fw-la beblin_n it_o take_v the_o name_n of_o a_o river_n run_v by_o the_o side_n of_o it_o which_o yet_o at_o this_o day_n be_v call_v seiont_n and_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o pool_n lin-peru_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o fish_n peculiar_a to_o that_o water_n and_o see_v no_o where_o else_o call_v by_o the_o dweller_n there_o tor-coch_n fish_n of_o the_o belly_n that_o be_v somewhat_o red_a now_o see_v that_o in_o a_o ancient_a copy_n of_o ptolomee_n setantiorum_n portus_n be_v here_o place_v which_o according_a to_o other_o copy_n be_v set_v far_o off_o if_o i_o shall_v read_v in_o stead_n of_o it_o segontiorum_fw-la portus_n that_o be_v the_o haven_n of_o the_o segontian_o and_o say_v it_o stand_v upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o this_o river_n i_o shall_v perhaps_o aim_v at_o the_o truth_n if_o not_o yet_o shall_v i_o obtain_v pardon_n for_o my_o conjecture_n of_o a_o courteous_a reader_n this_o city_n ninnius_n call_v caer_fw-mi custenith_n and_o he_o that_o write_v the_o life_n of_o gruffin_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n record_v that_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n build_v a_o castle_n in_o hean_n caer_fw-mi custenith_n that_o be_v as_o the_o latin_a interpreter_n translate_v it_o in_o the_o ancient_a city_n of_o constantine_n the_o emperor_n and_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n write_v but_o let_v he_o make_v it_o good_a if_o he_o can_v that_o the_o body_n of_o constantius_n father_n to_o constantine_n the_o great_a be_v here_o find_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1283._o and_o honourable_o bestow_v in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o new_a city_n by_o the_o commandment_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o who_o out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o this_o town_n at_o the_o same_o time_n raise_v the_o city_n caer-narvon_a somewhat_o high_o upon_o the_o river_n mouth_n so_o as_o that_o on_o the_o west_n and_o north-side_n it_o be_v water_v therewith_o which_o caer-narvon_a as_o it_o be_v call_v caer-narvon_a because_o it_o stand_v right_o over_o against_o the_o island_n mona_n for_o so_o much_o
do_v the_o word_n import_n so_o it_o have_v communicate_v that_o name_n unto_o the_o whole_a country_n for_o hereupon_o the_o english_a man_n call_v it_o caernarvonshire_n this_o be_v encompass_v with_o a_o very_a small_a circuit_n of_o wall_n about_o it_o and_o in_o manner_n round_o but_o the_o same_o exceed_a strong_a and_o to_o set_v it_o the_o better_a out_o sheweth_z a_o pass_v fair_a castle_n which_o take_v up_o the_o whole_a west_n side_n of_o it_o the_o private_a building_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o country_n be_v sightly_o enough_o and_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o their_o courtesy_n much_o commend_v who_o think_v it_o a_o point_n of_o their_o glory_n that_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o found_v their_o city_n that_o his_o son_n king_n edward_n the_o second_o be_v here_o bear_v and_o surname_v of_o caer-narvon_a who_o also_o be_v of_o the_o english_a line_n the_o first_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o also_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n have_v here_o their_o chancery_n their_o exchequer_n and_o their_o justice_n for_o north-wales_n about_o seven_o mile_n hence_o by_o the_o same_o narrow_a sea_n stand_v bangor_n or_o banchor_n low_o seat_v thin_a enclose_v on_o the_o south_n side_n with_o a_o mountain_n of_o great_a height_n on_o the_o north_n with_o a_o little_a hill_n so_o call_v a_o choro_fw-la pulchro_fw-la that_o be_v of_o a_o fair_a choir_n or_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o quasi_fw-la locus_fw-la chori_fw-la that_o be_v as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o place_n of_o a_o choir_n which_o be_v a_o bishop_n see_v have_v within_o the_o diocese_n thereof_o 96._o parish_n the_o church_n be_v consecrate_v unto_o daniel_n sometime_o bishop_n thereof_o but_o that_o which_o now_o stand_v be_v of_o no_o especial_a fair_a building_n for_o owen_n glendoverdwy_n that_o most_o notorious_a rebel_n who_o have_v purpose_v utter_o to_o destroy_v all_o the_o city_n of_o wales_n set_v it_o on_o fire_n for_o that_o they_o stand_v for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o deface_v the_o ancient_a church_n which_o albeit_o henry_n deny_v bishop_n of_o the_o same_o repair_v about_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o yet_o it_o scarce_o recover_v the_o former_a dignity_n now_o the_o town_n be_v small_a gruffin_n but_o in_o time_n pass_v so_o large_a that_o for_o the_o greatness_n thereof_o it_o be_v call_v banchor_n vaur_n that_o be_v great_a banchor_n and_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n fortify_v it_o with_o a_o castle_n whereof_o i_o can_v find_v no_o footing_n at_o all_o though_o i_o seek_v they_o with_o all_o diligent_a inquiry_n but_o that_o castle_n be_v situate_a upon_o the_o very_a entry_n of_o the_o say_v narrow_a sea_n over_o the_o menay_n or_o straight_o hereby_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o that_o he_o may_v transport_v his_o army_n into_o mona_n or_o anglesey_n whereof_o i_o must_v treat_v anon_o in_o due_a order_n go_v about_o with_o great_a labour_n to_o make_v a_o bridge_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a albeit_o suctonius_n paulinus_n convey_v over_o his_o roman_a soldier_n long_o before_o into_o mona_n his_o horseman_n at_o a_o fourd_v and_o the_o footman_n in_o little_a flat_a botomed_a boat_n as_o we_o read_v in_o tacitus_n from_o hence_o the_o shore_n raise_v itself_o with_o a_o bend_a ascent_n run_v on_o by_o penmaen-maur_a pen-maen-maur_a that_o be_v the_o great_a stony_a head_n a_o very_a exceed_a high_a and_o steep_a rock_n which_o hang_v over_o the_o sea_n when_o it_o be_v flood_n affourd_v a_o very_a narrow_a path_n way_n for_o passenger_n have_v on_o the_o one_o side_n huge_a stone_n over_o their_o head_n as_o if_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o fall_v upon_o they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o rage_a ocean_n lie_v of_o a_o wonderful_a steep_a depth_n under_o it_o but_o after_o a_o man_n have_v pass_v over_o this_o together_o with_o pen-maen_a bychan_n that_o be_v the_o lesser_a stony_a head_n he_o shall_v come_v to_o a_o open_a broad_a plain_a that_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o river_n conwey_n riveâ—_n which_o limit_v this_o shire_n on_o the_o east_n side_n this_o river_n in_o ptolomee_n after_o a_o corrupt_a manner_n of_o writing_n greek_n be_v call_v toisovius_n for_o conovius_n it_o issue_v out_o of_o a_o pool_n of_o the_o same_o name_n in_o the_o south_n border_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o be_v pen_v in_o and_o as_o it_o be_v strangle_v run_v apace_o within_o a_o very_a narrow_a channel_n as_o far_o almost_o as_o to_o the_o mouth_n thereof_o breed_v certain_a shell-fish_n which_o be_v conceive_v of_o a_o heavenly_a dew_n town_n bring_v forth_o pearl_n and_o there_o giveth_z he_o name_n unto_o the_o town_n conovium_n which_o antonine_n mention_v and_o although_o it_o now_o lie_v all_o along_o and_o that_o name_n there_o be_v utter_o extinct_a yet_o by_o a_o new_a name_n it_o do_v covert_o imply_v the_o antiquity_n for_o a_o very_a small_a and_o poor_a village_n stand_v among_o the_o rubbish_n thereof_o be_v call_v caer_n hean_a that_o be_v the_o ancient_a city_n out_o of_o the_o spoil_n and_o ruin_n whereof_o king_n edward_z the_o first_o build_v a_o new_a town_n at_o the_o very_a mouth_n of_o the_o river_n which_o thereupon_o they_o call_v aber-conwey_a that_o be_v the_o mouth_n of_o conwey_n which_o place_n hugh_n of_o chester_n have_v beforetime_n fortify_v but_o this_o new_a conovium_n or_o aber-conwey_a be_v strong_o situate_v and_o fence_a both_o with_o wall_n and_o also_o with_o a_o very_a proper_a castle_n by_o the_o river_n side_n deserve_v the_o name_n rather_o of_o a_o pretty_a city_n than_o of_o a_o town_n but_o that_o it_o be_v not_o replenish_v with_o inhabitant_n opposite_a unto_o this_o town_n and_o yet_o on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o river_n which_o be_v pass_v by_o ferry_n and_o not_o by_o bridge_n reach_v out_o a_o huge_a promontory_n with_o a_o bend_a elbow_n as_o if_o nature_n purpose_v to_o make_v there_o a_o road_n and_o harbour_n for_o ship_n which_o be_v also_o count_v part_n of_o this_o shire_n gogarth_n and_o be_v name_v gogarth_n wherein_o stand_v diganwy_n a_o ancient_a city_n just_a over_o the_o river_n conwey_n where_o it_o issue_v into_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v burn_v many_o year_n ago_o with_o lightning_n dictum_fw-la and_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v the_o city_n dictum_fw-la where_o under_o the_o late_a emperor_n the_o captain_n over_o the_o band_n of_o the_o nervian_o dictense_n keep_v their_o guard_n ganoc_n and_o for_o that_o afterward_o it_o be_v call_v diganwy_n who_o see_v not_o that_o the_o say_v canwey_n come_v of_o conwey_n and_o from_o thence_o the_o english_a name_n ganoc_n for_o so_o be_v that_o castle_n call_v which_o afterward_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o build_v in_o that_o place_n to_o bridle_v the_o welsh_a straight_o after_o the_o norman_n come_v into_o this_o island_n gruffin_n ap_fw-mi conan_n govern_v this_o country_n who_o be_v not_o able_a to_o repress_v the_o english_a troop_n who_o swarm_v into_o wales_n yield_v otherwhiles_o unto_o the_o tempest_n and_o at_o length_n when_o with_o his_o integrity_n and_o uprightness_n he_o have_v regain_v the_o favour_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o he_o easy_o also_o recover_v his_o own_o land_n of_o the_o english_a and_o leave_v they_o to_o his_o heir_n successive_o until_o the_o time_n of_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n who_o when_o he_o have_v provoke_v his_o own_o brethren_n with_o wrong_n and_o the_o english_a man_n with_o inroad_n be_v bring_v to_o this_o pass_n that_o he_o hold_v this_o hilly_a country_n together_o with_o the_o isle_n anglesey_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o as_o tenant_n in_o fee_n and_o pay_v for_o it_o yearly_o a_o thousand_o mark_n which_o condition_n afterward_o when_o he_o will_v not_o stand_v unto_o and_o follow_v rather_o his_o own_o and_o his_o brother_n stubborn_a wilfulness_n than_o any_o good_a hope_n to_o prevail_v will_v needs_o put_v all_o once_o again_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o war_n he_o be_v slay_v and_o so_o both_o end_v his_o own_o life_n and_o withal_o the_o british_a government_n in_o wales_n it_o have_v in_o it_o parish_n churches_n 68_o anglesey_n conitatus_fw-la olim_fw-la mona_n insula_fw-la druidum_fw-la sedes_fw-la britannice_n tir_fw-fr mon_fw-fr the_o isle_n mona_n or_o of_o anglesey_n the_o county_n of_o caer-nar-von_a which_o i_o last_o run_v through_o take_v name_n as_o i_o say_v erewhile_o of_o the_o chief_a town_n therein_o and_o the_o say_a town_n of_o the_o isle_n mona_n which_o lie_v over_o against_o it_o and_o require_v as_o it_o be_v of_o right_a that_o i_o shall_v treat_v of_o it_o in_o his_o due_a place_n which_o unwilling_o heretofore_o i_o confess_v i_o refer_v to_o the_o out_o island_n whereas_o by_o right_n it_o be_v to_o be_v place_v among_o the_o shire_n this_o isle_n call_v of_o the_o roman_n mona_n anglesey_n of_o the_o britan_n mon_n and_o tir-mon_a that_o be_v the_o
they_o who_o deserve_v for_o their_o virtue_n and_o piety_n to_o be_v renown_v let_v it_o suffice_v to_o note_v in_o a_o word_n that_o from_o paulinus_n the_o first_o archbishop_n consecrate_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 625._o there_o have_v sit_v in_o that_o see_v threescore_o and_o five_o archbishop_n unto_o the_o year_n 1606._o in_o which_o d._n toby_n matthew_n a_o most_o reverend_a prelate_n archbishop_n for_o the_o ornament_n of_o virtue_n and_o piety_n for_o learned_a eloquence_n and_o continual_a exercise_n of_o teach_v be_v translate_v hither_o from_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durrham_n this_o city_n for_o a_o time_n flourish_v very_o notable_o under_o the_o english_a saxon_n dominion_n until_o the_o dane_n like_o a_o mighty_a storm_n thunder_v from_o out_o of_o the_o north-east_n deface_v it_o again_o with_o merveilous_a great_a ruin_n and_o by_o kill_v and_o slay_v distain_v it_o with_o blood_n which_o that_o alcuine_a aforesaid_a in_o his_o epistle_n to_o egelred_n king_n of_o northumberland_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v presage_v before_o what_o signify_v say_v he_o that_o rain_v of_o blood_n which_o in_o lent_n we_o see_v at_o york_n the_o head_n city_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n in_o saint_n peter_n church_n to_o fall_v down_o violent_o in_o threaten_v wise_a from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o roof_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o house_n and_o that_o in_o a_o fair_a day_n may_v it_o not_o be_v think_v that_o blood_n be_v come_v upon_o the_o land_n from_o the_o north_n part_n very_o soon_o after_o it_o be_v imbrue_v with_o blood_n and_o do_v pine_v away_o with_o most_o miserable_a calamity_n when_o the_o dane_n spoil_v waste_a and_o murrher_v all_o where_o ever_o they_o come_v and_o very_o in_o the_o year_n 867._o the_o wall_n be_v so_o batter_v and_o shake_v by_o reason_n of_o continual_a war_n that_o osbright_n and_o ella_n king_n of_o northumberland_n while_o they_o pursew_v the_o dane_n easy_o break_v into_o the_o city_n who_o be_v both_o of_o they_o slay_v in_o a_o most_o bloody_a battle_n in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o city_n leave_v the_o victory_n unto_o the_o dane_n whereupon_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n write_v in_o this_o manner_n york_n always_o expose_v first_o to_o the_o rage_n of_o the_o northern_a nation_n sustain_v the_o barbarous_a assault_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o groan_v be_v piteous_o shake_v with_o manifold_a ruin_n but_o as_o the_o very_a same_o author_n witness_v king_n athelstone_n win_v it_o perforce_o out_o of_o the_o dane_n hand_n and_o overthrow_v the_o castle_n quite_o which_o they_o have_v here_o fortify_v neither_o for_o all_o this_o be_v it_o altogether_o free_a from_o war_n in_o the_o time_n next_o ensue_v while_o that_o age_n run_v fatal_a for_o the_o destruction_n of_o city_n but_o the_o norman_n as_o they_o end_v these_o misery_n so_o they_o make_v almost_o a_o final_a hand_n of_o york_n also_o for_o when_o the_o son_n of_o sueno_n the_o dane_n have_v land_v in_o these_o part_n with_o a_o danish_a fleet_n of_o 240._o england_n sail_n the_o norman_n lie_v in_o garrison_n who_o keep_v two_o fort_n within_o the_o city_n fear_v lest_o the_o house_n in_o the_o suburb_n may_v stand_v the_o enemy_n in_o stead_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n withal_o set_v they_o on_o fire_n but_o by_o reason_n the_o wind_n rise_v high_o the_o fire_n be_v so_o carry_v and_o spread_v throughout_o that_o city_n that_o now_o it_o be_v set_v a_o burn_a when_o the_o dane_n break_v in_o upon_o they_o make_v pitiful_a slaughter_n in_o every_o place_n have_v put_v the_o norman_n to_o the_o sword_n and_o keep_v alive_a william_n mallet_n and_o gilbert_n gant_n two_o principal_a person_n that_o they_o may_v be_v tithe_v with_o the_o soldier_n for_o 〈◊〉_d every_o ten_o man_n of_o the_o norman_n they_o choose_v out_o by_o lot_n to_o be_v execute_v whereupon_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n be_v so_o incense_v with_o desire_n of_o revenge_n that_o he_o show_v his_o cruelty_n upon_o the_o citizen_n by_o put_v they_o all_o to_o death_n as_o if_o they_o have_v take_v part_n with_o the_o dane_n and_o upon_o the_o city_n itself_o by_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n afresh_o and_o as_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n say_v he_o so_o depopulate_v and_o deface_v the_o village_n adjoin_v and_o the_o sinew_n of_o that_o fertile_a region_n be_v so_o cut_v by_o the_o spoil_v there_o commit_v and_o booty_n raise_v and_o the_o ground_n for_o the_o space_n of_o threescore_o mile_n lay_v so_o untilled_a that_o if_o a_o stranger_n have_v then_o see_v the_o city_n that_o in_o time_n be_v of_o high_a account_n the_o tower_n which_o with_o their_o lofty_a top_n threaten_v the_o sky_n and_o the_o field_n that_o be_v rich_a in_o pasture_n he_o can_v not_o but_o sigh_n and_o lament_v yea_o and_o if_o a_o ancient_a inhabitant_n have_v behold_v the_o same_o he_o can_v not_o have_v know_v they_o how_o great_a york_n have_v be_v aforetime_o domesday_n book_n shall_v tell_v you_o in_o these_o word_n in_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n time_n there_o be_v in_o york_n city_n six_o division_n or_o shire_n beside_o that_o of_o the_o archbishop_n one_o be_v lay_v waste_n for_o the_o castle_n or_o fort_n in_o the_o five_o division_n be_v 1428._o dwell_a mansion_n to_o give_v entertainment_n and_o in_o the_o archbishop_n shire_n or_o division_n 200._o dwell_a mansion_n likewise_o after_o these_o woeful_a overthrow_v our_o countryman_n necham_n thus_o versify_v of_o it_o visito_fw-la quam_fw-la foelix_fw-la ebrancus_n condidit_fw-la urbem_fw-la petro_n se_fw-la debet_fw-la pontificalis_fw-la apex_n civibus_fw-la hac_fw-la toties_fw-la viduata_fw-la nouÃsque_fw-la repleta_fw-la diruta_fw-la prospexit_fw-la moenia_fw-la saepe_fw-la sua_fw-la quid_fw-la manus_fw-la hostilis_fw-la queat_fw-la est_fw-la experta_fw-la frequent_a sed_fw-la quid_fw-la nunc_fw-la pacis_fw-la otia_fw-la long_fw-mi fovent_fw-la the_o city_n that_o great_a ebrauk_n build_v i_o come_v now_o for_o to_o view_v whereof_o the_o see_v pontifical_a be_v to_o saint_n peter_n due_a this_o many_o time_n lay_v desolate_a and_o people_v new_a have_v be_v her_o wall_n cast_v down_o and_o ruinate_v full_a often_o have_v it_o see_v what_o mischief_n hostile_a hand_n can_v work_v not_o once_o nor_o twice_o it_o find_v what_o then_o since_o now_o long_a time_n of_o peace_n do_v keep_v it_o safe_a and_o sound_a for_o in_o his_o time_n when_o after_o these_o troublesome_a storm_n a_o most_o pleasant_a calm_n of_o peace_n present_o ensue_v it_o rise_v of_o itself_o again_o and_o flourish_v afresh_o although_o the_o scot_n and_o rebel_n both_o do_v oftentimes_o make_v full_a account_n to_o destroy_v it_o but_o under_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n stephen_n it_o catch_v exceed_v great_a harm_n by_o casualty_n of_o fire_n wherein_o be_v consume_v the_o cathedral_n church_n the_o abbey_n of_o saint_n mary_n and_o other_o religious_a house_n yea_o and_o that_o noble_a and_o most_o furnish_v library_n as_o it_o be_v think_v which_o alcuin_n have_v record_v to_o have_v be_v found_v by_o archbishop_n egeldred_n his_o praeceptour_n as_o for_o the_o abbey_n of_o saint_n mary_n it_o quick_o recover_v the_o former_a dignity_n by_o new_a building_n but_o the_o cathedral_n church_n lie_v long_o ere_o it_o hold_v up_o head_n again_o and_o not_o before_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o his_o time_n for_o then_o john_n roman_z treasurer_n of_o the_o church_n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o new_a work_n which_o his_o son_n john_n william_n melton_n and_o john_n thoresby_n all_o of_o they_o archbishop_n bring_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o that_o perfection_n and_o beauty_n which_o now_o it_o show_v yet_o not_o without_o the_o help_a hand_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n thereabouts_o especial_o of_o the_o percy_n and_o the_o vavasour_n which_o the_o arm_n of_o their_o house_n stand_v in_o the_o very_a church_n and_o their_o image_n at_o the_o west_n gate_n of_o the_o church_n do_v show_v percy_n portray_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o timber_n and_o vavasour_n with_o a_o stone_n in_o their_o hand_n for_o that_o the_o one_o supply_v the_o stone_n the_o other_o the_o timber_n for_o this_o new_a building_n this_o church_n as_o he_o report_v who_o write_v the_o life_n of_o aeneas_n silvius_n prim_fw-la who_o be_v pope_n pius_n the_o second_o and_o that_o upon_o the_o pope_n own_o relation_n for_o workmanship_n and_o greatness_n be_v memorable_a over_o all_o the_o world_n and_o the_o chapel_n most_o lightsome_a the_o glass-window_n whereof_o be_v fast_o bind_v between_o pillar_n that_o be_v most_o slender_a in_o the_o mid_n this_o chapel_n be_v that_o most_o dainty_a and_o beautiful_a chapter-house_n in_o which_o this_o verse_n stand_v paint_v in_o golden_a letter_n ut_fw-la rosa_fw-la flos_fw-la florum_fw-la sic_fw-la est_fw-la domus_fw-la ista_fw-la domorum_fw-la the_o flower_n of_o flower_n a_o rose_n man_n call_v so_o be_v
the_o people_n dwell_v thereby_o gather_v from_o hence_o salt_n sufficient_o for_o their_o use_n and_o now_o the_o river_n as_o though_o it_o purpose_v to_o make_v a_o island_n compass_v almost_o on_o every_o side_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o province_n stand_v on_o a_o hill_n whence_o the_o saxon_n give_v it_o the_o name_n dunholm_n for_o as_o you_o may_v gather_v out_o of_o bede_n they_o call_v a_o hill_n dun_n and_o a_o river_n island_n holme_n duresme_fw-fr hereof_o the_o latin_a writer_n have_v make_v dunelmum_fw-la the_o norman_n duresme_fw-fr but_o the_o common_a people_n most_o corrupt_o name_v it_o durham_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o high_a and_o pass_v strong_o withal_o yet_o take_v it_o up_o no_o great_a circuit_n of_o ground_n shape_v in_o form_n as_o one_o will_v say_v of_o a_o egg_n environ_v on_o every_o side_n save_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o river_n and_o fortify_v with_o a_o wall_n towards_o the_o south_n side_n almost_o whereas_o the_o river_n fetch_v itself_o about_o stand_v the_o cathedral_n church_n aloft_o make_v a_o solemn_a and_o a_o sightly_o show_v with_o a_o high_a tower_n in_o the_o midst_n and_o two_o spire_n at_o the_o west_n end_n in_o the_o midst_n there_o be_v a_o castle_n place_v as_o it_o be_v between_o two_o stone_n bridge_n over_o the_o river_n the_o one_o eastward_o the_o other_o westward_o from_o the_o castle_n northward_o be_v see_v a_o spacious_a mercate-place_n and_o saint_n nicholas_n church_n from_o whence_o there_o run_v out_o a_o great_a length_n north-east_n a_o suburb_n compass_v on_o two_o side_n the_o river_n like_a as_o other_o on_o both_o side_n beyond_o the_o river_n which_o lead_v unto_o the_o bridge_n and_o every_o of_o they_o have_v their_o several_a church_n the_o original_n of_o this_o city_n be_v of_o no_o great_a antiquity_n for_o when_o the_o distress_a monk_n of_o lindisfarn_v drive_v hither_o and_o thither_o by_o the_o dane_n war_n wander_v up_o and_o down_o without_o any_o certain_a place_n of_o abode_n with_o the_o corpse_n of_o saint_n cuthbert_n at_o length_n here_o they_o settle_v themselves_o by_o divine_a direction_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o salvation_n 995._o but_o hear_v the_o whole_a matter_n out_o of_o my_o author_n of_o durham_n all_o the_o people_n accompany_v the_o corpse_n of_o that_o most_o holy_a father_n cuthbert_n come_v into_o dunholme_n a_o place_n very_o strong_a of_o itself_o by_o nature_n but_o not_o easy_o to_o be_v inhabit_v as_o be_v whole_o beset_v on_o every_o side_n with_o a_o most_o thick_a wood_n only_o in_o the_o midst_n be_v a_o little_a plain_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v till_v and_o sow_v with_o corn_n where_o bishop_n aldwin_n build_v afterward_o a_o fair_a church_n of_o stone_n the_o foresay_a prelate_n therefore_o through_o the_o help_n of_o all_o the_o people_n and_o the_o assistance_n of_o uthred_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n stock_v up_o all_o the_o wood_n and_o in_o short_a time_n make_v the_o whole_a place_n habitable_a to_o conclude_v the_o people_n general_o from_o the_o river_n coque_v as_o far_o as_o to_o tees_n come_v right_o willing_o as_o well_o to_o this_o work_n as_o after_o that_o to_o build_v a_o church_n and_o until_o it_o be_v finish_v cease_v not_o to_o follow_v that_o business_n devout_o wherefore_o after_o the_o wood_n be_v quite_o grub_v up_o and_o every_o one_o have_v their_o mansion_n place_v assign_v out_o by_o lot_n the_o say_a bishop_n in_o a_o fervent_a love_n to_o christ_n and_o saint_n cuthbert_n upon_o a_o honest_a and_o godly_a intent_n begin_v no_o small_a piece_n of_o work_n to_o build_v a_o church_n and_o endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o finish_v the_o same_o thus_o far_o my_o author_n not_o many_o year_n after_o those_o englishman_n who_o can_v not_o endure_v the_o insolent_a command_n of_o the_o norman_n presume_v upon_o the_o natural_a strength_n of_o the_o place_n choose_v it_o for_o their_o chief_a hold_n and_o seat_n of_o resistance_n yea_o and_o from_o thence_o trouble_v the_o conqueror_n not_o a_o little_a for_o william_n gemeticensis_n write_v thus_o they_o go_v into_o a_o part_n of_o the_o country_n which_o for_o water_n and_o wood_n be_v inaccessible_a raise_v a_o castle_n with_o a_o most_o strong_a trench_n and_o rampire_n which_o they_o call_v dunholme_n out_o of_o which_o make_v many_o road_n sundry_a way_n for_o a_o certain_a space_n they_o keep_v themselves_o close_o there_o wait_v for_o the_o come_n of_o swene_a king_n of_o the_o dane_n but_o when_o that_o fall_v not_o out_o according_a to_o their_o expectation_n they_o provide_v for_o themselves_o by_o flight_n and_o king_n william_n come_v to_o durham_n grant_v many_o privilege_n for_o establish_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n and_o build_v the_o castle_n whereof_o i_o speak_v on_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o hill_n which_o afterward_o become_v the_o bishop_n house_n and_o the_o key_n thereof_o when_o the_o bishopric_n be_v void_a be_v wont_n by_o a_o ancient_a custom_n to_o be_v hang_v upon_o saint_n cuthberts_n shrine_n when_o this_o castle_n be_v once_o build_v william_n of_o malmesbury_n who_o live_v about_o that_o time_n describe_v this_o city_n in_o these_o word_n durham_n be_v a_o pretty_a hill_n rise_v by_o little_a and_o little_a from_o one_o plain_a of_o the_o valley_n with_o a_o gentle_a ascent_n until_o it_o come_v to_o be_v a_o mount_n and_o although_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o rough_a and_o steep_a situation_n of_o the_o rock_n there_o be_v no_o way_n for_o the_o enemy_n to_o enter_v it_o yet_o they_o of_o these_o day_n have_v erect_v a_o castle_n upon_o the_o hill_n at_o the_o very_a foot_n and_o bottom_n of_o the_o castle_n run_v a_o river_n wherein_o be_v great_a store_n of_o fish_n but_o of_o salmon_n especial_o at_o the_o same_o time_n well_o near_o as_o that_o ancient_a book_n report_v william_n the_o careleph_n the_o bishop_n who_o gather_v again_o the_o disperse_a monk_n hither_o for_o the_o dane_n in_o every_o place_n have_v overthrow_v their_o cloisture_n pull_v down_o that_o church_n which_o aldwin_n have_v former_o build_v and_o begin_v the_o foundation_n of_o another_o of_o a_o fair_a work_n which_o his_o successor_n ralph_n finish_v and_o after_o that_o nicholas_n feruham_n bishop_n and_o thomas_n mescomb_n prior_n adjoin_v a_o new_a fabric_n or_o frame_n unto_o it_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1242._o and_o a_o good_a while_n after_o w._n skirlaw_n the_o bishop_n build_v at_o the_o west_n end_n of_o the_o church_n a_o fair_a piece_n of_o work_n which_o they_o call_v gallilee_n gallilee_n whereinto_o he_o translate_v the_o marble_n tomb_n of_o venerable_n bede_n in_o which_o place_n hugh_n pudsey_n begin_v in_o time_n past_o a_o house_n wherein_o i_o use_v the_o word_n of_o a_o ancient_a book_n woman_n may_v lawful_o enter_v church_n that_o whereas_o they_o have_v not_o corporal_a access_n unto_o the_o more_o secret_a holy_a place_n yet_o they_o may_v have_v some_o comfort_n by_o the_o behold_n of_o the_o holy_a mystery_n but_o that_o ralph_n the_o bishop_n aforesaid_a as_o our_o historian_n write_v reduce_v the_o place_n between_o the_o church_n and_o the_o castle_n which_o have_v be_v take_v up_o with_o many_o dwell_a house_n into_o a_o plain_a and_o open_a ground_n for_o fear_v least_o either_o any_o annoyance_n by_o filth_n or_o danger_n by_o fire_n may_v come_v near_o unto_o the_o church_n and_o all_o be_v it_o the_o city_n be_v strong_a enough_o by_o the_o natural_a site_n yet_o he_o make_v it_o more_o strong_a and_o stately_a with_o a_o wall_n reach_v in_o length_n from_o the_o chancel_n of_o the_o church_n unto_o the_o keep_v and_o tower_n of_o the_o castle_n which_o wall_n now_o by_o little_a and_o little_o give_v place_n unto_o time_n and_o never_o that_o i_o can_v hear_v suffer_v any_o assault_n of_o enemy_n for_o when_o david_n brus_n king_n of_o scot_n have_v forray_v the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n 1346._o as_o far_o as_o to_o beanparke_n or_o beereparke_n which_o be_v a_o park_n near_o unto_o the_o city_n while_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o besiege_v calais_n henry_n percy_n and_o william_n zouch_v archbishop_n of_o york_n with_o their_o company_n of_o man_n muster_v up_o in_o haste_n encounter_v the_o scot_n and_o so_o courageous_o charge_v they_o that_o have_v take_v the_o king_n prisoner_n they_o slay_v the_o most_o of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o battle_n and_o put_v the_o three_o to_o a_o fearful_a flight_n neither_o stay_v they_o at_o most_o steep_a and_o cumbersome_a place_n until_o they_o recover_v their_o own_o hold_n this_o be_v that_o famous_a battle_n which_o our_o people_n call_v the_o battle_n at_o nevil_n crosse._n cross_n for_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o scottish_a nobility_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o king_n take_v prisoner_n at_o this_o field_n they_o be_v enforce_v
to_o yield_v much_o ground_n within_o their_o confine_n yea_o and_o to_o render_v many_o castle_n but_o this_o may_v suffice_v as_o touch_v durham_n which_o i_o will_v take_v my_o leave_n of_o if_o you_o think_v good_a with_o a_o distichon_fw-la of_o necham_n and_o a_o hexastichon_n of_o john_n jonston_n art_n sitúque_fw-la loci_fw-la munita_fw-la dunelmia_fw-la salve_n qua_fw-la floret_fw-la sancta_fw-la religionis_fw-la apex_n vedra_n ruens_fw-la rapidis_fw-la modò_fw-la cursibus_fw-la agmine_fw-la leni_fw-la séque_fw-la minor_fw-la celebres_fw-la suspicit_fw-la urbe_fw-la viros_fw-la quos_fw-la dedit_fw-la ipsa_fw-la olim_fw-la quorum_fw-la &_o tegit_fw-la ossa_fw-la sepulta_fw-la magnus_fw-la ubi_fw-la sacro_fw-la marmore_fw-la beda_n cubat_fw-la se_fw-la jactant_fw-la aliae_fw-la vel_fw-la religione_fw-la vel_fw-la armis_fw-la haec_fw-la armis_fw-la cluit_fw-la haec_fw-la religione_fw-la potens_fw-la durham_n by_o art_n and_o site_n of_o place_n well_o fence_a now_o farewell_n where_o for_o devout_a religion_n the_o mitre_n do_v excel_v the_o river_n be_v that_o run_v most_o swift_a ere_o while_n with_o stream_n now_o soft_a and_o channel_n less_o to_o famous_a man_n in_o town_n look_v up_o aloft_o who_o once_o it_o breed_v and_o of_o who_o bone_n in_o grave_n it_o be_v possess_v where_o under_o sacred_a marble_n stone_n great_a beda_n now_o do_v rest_n of_o arm_n or_o of_o religion_n may_v other_o boast_v i_o grant_v for_o arm_n and_o for_o religion_n both_o this_o city_n make_v her_o vaunt_n concern_v the_o monk_n that_o be_v cast_v out_o at_o the_o suppression_n of_o the_o abbay_n the_o twelve_o prebendary_n and_o two_o arch-deacon_n place_v in_o this_o church_n and_o the_o priour_o name_v change_v into_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o dean_n i_o need_v not_o to_o say_v any_o thing_n for_o they_o be_v yet_o in_o fresh_a memory_n and_o unwilling_a i_o be_o to_o remember_v how_o this_o bishopric_n be_v dissolve_v by_o a_o private_a statute_n and_o all_o the_o possession_n thereof_o give_v to_o edward_n the_o six_o when_o private_a greediness_n edge_v by_o churchman_n do_v grind_v the_o church_n and_o withdraw_v much_o from_o god_n wherewith_o christian_a piety_n have_v former_o honour_v god_n but_o queen_n mary_n repeal_v that_o statute_n and_o restore_v the_o say_a bishopric_n with_o all_o the_o possession_n and_o franchise_n thereof_o that_o god_n may_v enjoy_v his_o own_o the_o longitude_n of_o this_o city_n be_v 22._o degree_n the_o latitude_n 54._o degree_n and_o 57_o minute_n beneath_o durham_n that_o i_o many_o not_o overpasse_v it_o hospital_n stand_v eastward_o a_o very_a fair_a hospital_n which_o hugh_n pudsey_n that_o most_o wealthy_a bishop_n and_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n so_o long_o as_o it_o be_v be_v very_o indulgent_o compassionate_a to_o lepre_v as_o neubrigensis_n write_v build_v with_o cost_n i_o must_v needs_o say_v profuse_a enough_o but_o in_o some_o sort_n not_o so_o honest_a as_o who_o lay_v no_o small_a deal_n of_o other_o man_n right_v so_o great_a be_v his_o power_n upon_o this_o devotion_n while_o he_o think_v much_o to_o disburse_v sufficient_a of_o his_o own_o howbeit_o he_o assign_v unto_o it_o revenue_n to_o maintain_v threescore_o and_o five_o lepres_n beside_o mass_n priest_n from_o durham_n be_v carry_v his_o stream_n northward_o with_o a_o more_o direct_a course_n by_o finchdale_n finchdale_n where_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o goodrick_n a_o man_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_a simplicity_n and_o austerity_n whole_o devote_v to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n lead_v a_o solitary_a life_n and_o end_v his_o day_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o same_o place_n wherein_o as_o that_o william_n of_o neuborrow_n say_v he_o be_v wont_a either_o to_o lie_v prostrate_a while_o he_o pray_v or_o to_o lay_v he_o down_o when_o he_o be_v sick_a who_o with_o this_o his_o devout_a simplicity_n draw_v man_n into_o so_o great_a a_o admiration_n of_o he_o that_o r._n brother_n unto_o that_o rich_a bishop_n hugh_n pudsey_n build_v a_o chapel_n in_o memorial_n of_o he_o lumley_n from_o thence_o be_v pass_v by_o lumley_n castle_n stand_v within_o a_o park_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o lumley_n who_o descend_v from_o liulph_n a_o man_n in_o this_o tract_n of_o right_n great_a nobility_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n who_o marry_v aldgitha_n the_o daughter_n of_o aldred_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n of_o these_o lumley_n marmaduke_n assume_v unto_o he_o his_o mother_n coat_n of_o arm_n in_o who_o right_a he_o be_v seize_v of_o a_o goodly_a inheritance_n of_o the_o thweng_n namely_o argent_fw-fr of_o fez_n gueles_a between_o three_o poppinjaes_n vert_fw-fr whereas_o the_o lumley_n before_o time_n have_v bear_v for_o their_o arm_n six_o poppinjae_n argent_fw-fr in_o gueles_a for_o she_o be_v the_o elder_a daughter_n of_o sir_n marmaduke_n thweng_n lord_n of_o kilton_n and_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o thomas_n thweng_n her_o brother_n but_o ralph_n son_n to_o the_o say_v marmaduke_n be_v the_o first_o baron_n lumley_n create_v by_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o which_o honour_n john_n the_o nine_o from_o he_o enjoy_v in_o our_o day_n a_o man_n most_o honourable_a for_o all_o the_o ornament_n of_o true_a nobility_n just_o over_o against_o this_o place_n not_o far_o from_o the_o other_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n stand_v chester_n upon_o the_o street_n condercum_n as_o one_o will_v say_v the_o castle_n or_o little_a city_n by_o the_o port_n way_n side_n the_o saxon_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d whereupon_o i_o will_v deem_v it_o to_o be_v condercum_n in_o which_o as_o the_o book_n of_o notice_n record_v the_o first_o wing_n of_o the_o astures_n in_o the_o roman_n time_n keep_v station_n and_o lay_v in_o garrison_n within_o the_o line_n or_o precinct_n as_o that_o book_n say_v of_o the_o wall_n for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o few_o mile_n distant_a from_o that_o famous_a wall_n whereof_o i_o be_o to_o speak_v hereafter_o the_o bishop_n of_o lindifarre_o live_v obscure_o here_o with_o the_o corpse_n of_o saint_n cuthbert_n while_o the_o rage_a storm_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v up_o for_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirteen_o year_n in_o memory_n whereof_o when_o egelricke_n bishop_n of_o durham_n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o new_a church_n in_o that_o place_n he_o find_v such_o a_o mighty_a mass_n of_o money_n bury_v within_o the_o ground_n as_o be_v think_v by_o the_o roman_n that_o wallow_v now_o in_o wealth_n he_o give_v over_o his_o bishopric_n and_o be_v return_v to_o peterborrow_n whereof_o he_o have_v be_v abbot_n before_o make_v causey_n through_o the_o fen_n and_o raise_v other_o work_n not_o without_o exceed_v great_a charge_n and_o a_o long_a time_n after_o anthony_n bec_n bishop_n of_o durham_n and_o patriarch_n of_o jerusalem_n erect_v here_o a_o collegiate_n church_n a_o dean_n and_o seven_o prebend_n in_o which_o church_n the_o lord_n lumley_n abovesaid_a place_v and_o range_v in_o goodly_a order_n the_o monument_n of_o his_o ancestor_n in_o a_o continue_a line_n of_o succession_n even_o from_o liulph_n unto_o these_o our_o day_n which_o he_o have_v either_o get_v together_o out_o of_o monastery_n that_o be_v subvert_v or_o cause_v to_o be_v make_v a_o new_a and_o further_o within_o almost_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o triangle_n there_o be_v another_o little_a village_n also_o know_v of_o late_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o college_n of_o a_o dean_n and_o prebendary_n found_v by_o that_o antony_n bec_n at_o lanchester_n which_o i_o once_o think_v to_o have_v be_v longovicum_n a_o station_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o let_v we_o return_v unto_o be_v which_o now_o at_o length_n turn_v his_o course_n eastward_o and_o run_v beside_o hilton_n a_o castle_n of_o the_o hiltons_n castle_n a_o family_n of_o ancient_a gentry_n vent_v his_o water_n with_o a_o vast_a mouth_n into_o the_o sea_n at_o wiran-muth_a as_o bede_n term_v it_o now_o name_v monk_n weremouth_n because_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o monk_n touch_v which_o mouth_n or_o outlet_a thus_o write_v william_n of_o malmesbury_n this_o be_v where_o he_o enter_v into_o the_o sea_n entertain_v ship_n bring_v in_o with_o a_o fair_a gale_n of_o wind_n within_o the_o gentle_a and_o quiet_a bosom_n of_o his_o outlet_a both_o the_o bank_n whereof_o benedict_n bishop_n beautify_v with_o church_n and_o build_v abbay_n there_o one_o in_o the_o name_n of_o saint_n peter_n and_o the_o other_o of_o saint_n paul_n the_o painful_a industry_n of_o this_o man_n he_o will_v wonder_v at_o who_o shall_v read_v his_o life_n for_o that_o he_o bring_v hither_o great_a store_n of_o book_n and_o be_v the_o first_o man_n that_o ever_o procure_v mason_n and_o glasier_n for_o window_n to_o come_v into_o england_n england_n five_o mile_n high_o the_o river_n tine_n do_v also_o unlade_v itself_o which_o together_o with_o derwent_n for_o a_o good_a way_n line_v out_o as_o it_o
congavata_n be_v hereabout_o in_o which_o the_o second_o band_n of_o the_o lergi_fw-la serve_v in_o garrison_n for_o congavata_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n signify_v the_o valley_n by_o gavata_n which_o now_o be_v call_v short_a caud_n but_o the_o very_a place_n where_o this_o town_n stand_v i_o can_v precise_o point_v out_o betwixt_o the_o meeting_n of_o these_o river_n carlisle_n the_o ancient_a city_n carlisle_n be_v pass_v commodious_o and_o pleasant_o seat_v guard_v on_o the_o north_n side_n with_o the_o channel_n of_o eden_n on_o the_o east_n with_o peterill_a on_o the_o west_n with_o caud_n and_o beside_o these_o natural_a fence_n it_o be_v fortify_v with_o strong_a wall_n of_o stone_n with_o a_o castle_n and_o a_o citadel_n as_o they_o term_v it_o in_o fashion_n it_o lie_v somewhat_o long_o run_v out_o from_o west_n to_o east_n on_o the_o west_n side_n be_v the_o castle_n of_o a_o good_a large_a compass_n which_o king_n richard_n the_o three_o as_o appear_z by_o his_o arm_n repair_v in_o the_o midst_n almost_o of_o the_o city_n rise_v on_o high_a the_o cathedral_n church_n the_o upper_a part_n whereof_o be_v the_o new_a be_v very_o artificial_o and_o curious_o wrought_v yet_o the_o nether_a part_n be_v much_o more_o ancient_a but_o on_o the_o east_n side_n it_o be_v defend_v with_o the_o citadel_n that_o k._n henry_n the_o eight_o build_v strong_o with_o sundry_a bulwark_n the_o roman_n and_o britan_n call_v this_o city_n lugu-vallum_a luguvallum_n and_o lugu-ballium_a or_o lugubalia_a the_o english_a saxon_n luell_n as_o bede_n witness_v ptolomee_o as_o some_o think_v leucopibia_n ninnius_n caer_n lualid_a the_o ridiculous_a prophecy_n of_o the_o britan_n term_v it_o the_o city_n of_o duball_n we_o carlisle_n and_o latin_a writer_n by_o a_o new_a name_n carleolum_fw-la for_o our_o historiographer_n accord_v with_o common_a consent_n that_o luguballia_n and_o carleolum_fw-la be_v the_o same_o but_o in_o search_v out_o the_o etymology_n thereof_o good_a god_n how_o have_v leland_n bestir_v he_o be_v in_o the_o end_n drive_v to_o this_o point_n that_o he_o think_v very_o eden_n be_v call_v lugus_n and_o ballum_n come_v from_o vallis_n that_o be_v a_o vale_n so_o that_o lugu-ballum_a sound_v as_o much_o as_o the_o vale_n by_o lugus_n but_o i_o if_o so_o be_v i_o may_v also_o hatch_v a_o conjecture_n will_v rather_o suppose_v but_o without_o prejudice_n that_o the_o say_a termination_n vallum_n and_o vallia_n be_v derive_v from_o that_o most_o famous_a military_a vallum_n or_o trench_n that_o stand_v apparent_a a_o little_a from_o the_o city_n for_o that_o pict_n wall_n which_o be_v afterward_o set_v upon_o the_o trench_n or_o rampire_n of_o severus_n appear_v somewhat_o beyond_o the_o river_n eden_n which_o now_o have_v a_o wooden_a bridge_n over_o it_o near_o unto_o a_o little_a village_n call_v stanwicke_n and_o go_v over_o the_o very_a river_n just_a against_o the_o castle_n where_o within_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o river_n mighty_a stone_n the_o remain_v thereof_o be_v yet_o extant_a also_o lugus_n or_o lucus_n among_o the_o ancient_a celis_n or_o gaul_n who_o speak_v the_o same_o language_n that_o once_o the_o britan_n do_v gaul_n signify_v a_o tower_n as_o we_o may_v learn_v by_o pomponius_n mela._n for_o that_o which_o in_o antonine_n be_v name_v lugo-augusti_a he_o call_v turrim_n augusti_n that_o be_v the_o tower_n of_o augustus_n so_o that_o luga-vallum_n be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o the_o tower_n or_o fort_n by_o the_o wall_n from_o this_o original_n if_o the_o frenchman_n have_v derive_v lugudunum_fw-la as_o it_o be_v the_o tower_n on_o a_o hill_n and_o lucotecia_fw-la for_o so_o in_o old_a time_n they_o call_v that_o city_n which_o we_o doâ—_n lutetia_n that_o be_v paris_n hill_n as_o it_o be_v the_o fair_a tower_n for_o so_o those_o word_n signify_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n peradventure_o they_o have_v aim_v near_o unto_o the_o mark_n than_o in_o fetch_v the_o one_o from_o lutum_fw-la that_o be_v dirt_n and_o that_o other_o from_o lugdus_n a_o imagine_a king_n that_o this_o carlisle_n flourish_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n divers_a token_n of_o antiquity_n now_o and_o then_o dig_v up_o there_o and_o the_o famous_a mention_n of_o it_o in_o those_o day_n do_v sufficient_o prove_v after_o the_o furious_a outrage_n also_o of_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n be_v allay_v it_o retain_v some_o part_n still_o of_o the_o ancient_a dignity_n and_o be_v count_v a_o city_n for_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 619._o egfrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n pass_v a_o gift_n unto_o that_o holy_a saint_n cuthbert_n in_o this_o form_n i_o have_v give_v unto_o he_o also_o the_o city_n call_v luguballia_n andâ—5_n â—5_z mile_n round_o about_o it_o at_o which_o time_n also_o it_o be_v wall_v strong_a the_o citizen_n say_v bede_n bring_v cuthbert_n to_o see_v the_o wall_n of_o their_o city_n and_o a_o fountain_n or_o well_o in_o it_o build_v in_o time_n past_o according_a to_o the_o wonderful_a workmanship_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n as_o say_v the_o book_n of_o durham_n ordain_v there_o a_o covent_n of_o nun_n with_o a_o abbess_n and_o school_n afterward_o be_v deface_v and_o bring_v to_o exceed_a ruin_n by_o the_o dane_n it_o lay_v about_o 200._o year_n bury_v under_o his_o own_o ash_n until_o it_o begin_v again_o to_o flourish_v under_o the_o government_n and_o favour_n of_o king_n william_n rufus_n who_o repair_v it_o with_o new_a edifice_n build_v the_o castle_n and_o place_v a_o colony_n there_o first_o of_o fleming_n who_o streightwaies_o upon_o better_a advice_n he_o remove_v into_o wales_n but_o afterward_o of_o southern_a englishman_n then_o be_v there_o see_v as_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n write_v a_o dine_a chamber_n after_o the_o roman_a fashion_n build_v of_o stone_n &_o arch_v with_o vault_n so_o that_o no_o spiteful_a force_n of_o tempest_n nor_o furious_a flame_n of_o fire_n can_v ever_o shake_v or_o hurt_v it_o in_o the_o forefront_n whereof_o be_v this_o inscription_n marii_n victoriae_n that_o be_v â—o_z the_o victory_n of_o marius_n this_o marius_n some_o will_n needs_o have_v to_o be_v arviragus_z the_o britain_n other_o that_o marius_n who_o be_v proclaim_v emperor_n against_o gallienus_n be_v name_v to_o be_v of_o wonderful_a strength_n that_o as_o writer_n report_v of_o he_o he_o have_v in_o his_o finger_n no_o vein_n but_o all_o sinew_n yet_o have_v i_o learn_v that_o another_o make_v mention_n of_o this_o stone_n say_v it_o be_v not_o inscribe_v marii_n victoriae_n but_o marti_fw-la victori_fw-la that_o be_v to_o victorious_a mars_n which_o perhaps_o may_v better_o content_v some_o and_o seem_v to_o come_v near_o unto_o the_o truth_n micenis_fw-la carlisle_n be_v now_o better_o people_v and_o of_o great_a resort_n have_v as_o they_o write_v for_o earl_n or_o more_o true_o for_o lord_n thereof_o ralph_n micenis_fw-la meschines_n from_o who_o come_v the_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v raise_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o to_o a_o episcopal_a dignity_n have_v artalph_n for_o the_o first_o bishop_n which_o the_o monk_n of_o durham_n have_v write_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o their_o church_n when_o ranulph_n say_v they_o bishop_n of_o durham_n be_v banish_v and_o the_o church_n have_v none_o to_o defend_v she_o certain_z bishop_n lay_v carlisle_n and_o tividale_n to_o their_o diocese_n but_o how_o the_o scotish_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o stephen_n win_v this_o city_n and_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o recover_v it_o how_o also_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o commit_v the_o castle_n of_o carlisle_n and_o the_o county_n to_o robert_n vipont_n how_o likewise_o in_o the_o year_n 1292._o it_o be_v burn_v together_o with_o the_o cathedral_n church_n and_o the_o suburb_n and_o how_o robert_n briâ—_n king_n of_o scot_n in_o the_o year_n 1315._o land_n siege_n unto_o it_o in_o vain_a you_o may_v find_v in_o the_o common_a chronicle_n and_o yet_o it_o seem_v it_o will_v quit_v my_o pain_n to_o adjoyne_v here_o two_o inscription_n that_o i_o see_v here_o the_o one_o in_o thomas_n aglion_n by_o his_o house_n near_o unto_o the_o citadel_n but_o make_v in_o the_o worse_a age_n diis_fw-la manibu_n smarci_n trojani_n augustinani_fw-la tumulum_fw-la tum_o fa_fw-it ciendum_fw-la cur_n a_o vit_n afel_n ammillusima_fw-la conjux_fw-la carissima_fw-la kariss_n whereunto_o be_v adjoin_v the_o image_n of_o a_o man_n of_o arm_n on_o horseback_n arm_v at_o all_o piece_n with_o a_o lance_n in_o his_o hand_n as_o for_o the_o other_o it_o stand_v in_o the_o garden_n of_o thomas_n middleton_n in_o a_o very_a large_a and_o fair_a letter_n thus_o leg_n vi_o vic_n p._n f._n g._n p._n r._n f._n which_o be_v as_o i_o guess_v legio_n sexta._fw-la victrix_n pia_n fellix_fw-la the_o rest_n let_v some_o other_o decipher_v carlisle_n the_o only_a earl_n that_o
and_o westward_o with_o one_o and_o a_o half_a the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n be_v now_o whiteley_n castle_n and_o for_o to_o testify_v the_o antiquity_n thereof_o there_o remain_v this_o imperfect_a inscription_n with_o letter_n insert_v one_o in_o another_o after_o a_o short_a and_o compendious_a manner_n of_o writing_n whereby_o we_o learn_v that_o the_o three_o cohort_n of_o the_o nervian_o erect_v there_o a_o temple_n unto_o the_o emperor_n antonine_n son_n of_o severus_n imp._n caes._n lucii_n septimi_fw-la severi_n arabici_fw-la adiabenici_fw-la parthici_n max._n fil._n divi_z antonini_n pii_fw-la germanici_fw-la sarma_fw-la nep._n diviantonini_n pii_fw-la pron._n divi_z hadriani_n abn_n divi_z traiani_n parth_n et_fw-fr divi_z nervae_fw-la adnepoti_fw-la m._n aurelio_n antonino_n pio_n fel_n aug_n germanico_fw-la pont_n max._n tr._n pot_n x_o imp._n cos._n four_o p._n p._n pro_fw-la pielate_fw-la aede_fw-la voto_fw-la communi_fw-la curante_fw-la legato_n aug_n pr._n coh_o iii_o nervio_fw-la rum_fw-la g._n r.pos_n whereas_o therefore_o the_o three_o cohort_n of_o the_o nervii_n serve_v in_o this_o place_n which_o cohort_n the_o book_n of_o notice_n in_o a_o latter_a time_n place_v at_o alione_n alone_a or_o as_o antonine_n name_v it_o alone_o and_o the_o little_a river_n run_v underneath_o be_v name_v alne_n if_o i_o shall_v think_v this_o be_v alone_o it_o may_v seem_v rather_o probable_a than_o true_a consider_v the_o injury_n of_o devour_a time_n and_o the_o fury_n of_o enemy_n have_v long_o ago_o outwear_v these_o matter_n out_o of_o all_o remembrance_n albeit_o when_o the_o state_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n decay_v most_o in_o britain_n this_o country_n have_v be_v most_o grievous_o harry_v and_o spoil_v by_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n yet_o it_o preserve_v and_o keep_v long_o the_o ancient_a and_o natural_a inhabitant_n the_o britan_n and_o late_o it_o be_v ere_o it_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o english_a saxon_n but_o when_o again_o the_o english_a saxon_n state_n sore_o shake_v by_o danish_a war_n cumberland_n run_v to_o ruin_v it_o have_v peculiar_a governor_n call_v king_n of_o cumberland_n unto_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 946._o at_o what_o time_n as_o the_o florilegus_n floure-gatherer_n of_o westminster_n say_v king_n edmund_n by_o the_o help_n of_o leoline_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n waste_v and_o spoil_v all_o cumberland_n and_o have_v put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o both_o the_o son_n of_o dunmail_n king_n of_o the_o same_o province_n he_o grant_v that_o kingdom_n unto_o malcolm_n king_n of_o scot_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o that_o he_o may_v defend_v the_o north_n part_n of_o england_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n from_o the_o inroad_n and_o invasion_n of_o the_o common_a enemy_n cumberland_n whereupon_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v for_o a_o while_n under_o the_o english_a saxon_n and_o dane_n both_o call_v the_o prefect_n or_o deputy_n ruler_n of_o cumberland_n but_o when_o england_n have_v yield_v itself_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o norman_n this_o part_n also_o become_v subject_a unto_o they_o and_o fall_v unto_o the_o lot_n of_o ralph_n de_fw-fr meschines_n who_o elder_a son_n ranulph_n be_v lord_n of_o cumberland_n and_o partly_o in_o his_o mother_n right_a and_o partly_o by_o his_o prince_n favour_n together_o earl_n also_o of_o chester_n but_o king_n stephen_n to_o purchase_v favour_n with_o the_o scot_n restore_v it_o unto_o they_o again_o that_o they_o shall_v hold_v it_o of_o he_o and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n howbeit_o k._n henry_n the_o second_o who_o succeed_v after_o he_o perceive_v that_o this_o over_o great_a liberality_n of_o stephen_n be_v prejudicial_a both_o to_o himself_o and_o his_o realm_n demand_v again_o of_o the_o scot_n northumberland_n cumberland_n and_o westmoreland_n and_o the_o k._n of_o scot_n as_o newbrigensis_n write_v wise_o consider_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v in_o those_o part_v both_o the_o better_a right_n and_o also_o great_a power_n although_o he_o may_v have_v pretend_v the_o oath_n which_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v make_v unto_o his_o grandfather_n david_n what_o time_n he_o be_v knight_v by_o he_o yet_o restore_v he_o the_o foresay_a march_n according_a to_o his_o demand_n full_o and_o whole_o and_o receive_v of_o he_o again_o the_o earldom_n of_o huntingdon_n which_o by_o ancient_a right_n appertain_v to_o he_o cumberland_n as_o for_o earl_n of_o cumberland_n there_o be_v none_o before_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o who_o create_v henry_n lord_n clifford_n who_o derive_v his_o pedigree_n from_o the_o lord_n vipont_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o cumberland_n who_o of_o margaret_n the_o daughter_n of_o henry_n percy_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n beget_v henry_n the_o second_o earl_n he_o by_o his_o first_o wife_n daughter_z to_z charles_n brandon_z duke_z of_o suffolk_z have_v issue_n margaret_n countess_n of_o derby_n and_o by_o a_o second_o wife_n the_o daughter_n of_o lord_n dacre_n of_o gillesland_n two_o son_n george_n and_o francis_n george_n the_o three_o earl_n renown_v for_o sea-service_n arm_v with_o a_o able_a body_n to_o endure_v travail_n and_o a_o valorous_a mind_n to_o undertake_v danger_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1605._o leave_v one_o only_a daughter_n the_o lady_n anne_n now_o countess_n of_o dorset_n but_o his_o brother_n sir_n francis_n clifford_n succeed_v in_o the_o earldom_n a_o man_n who_o ardent_a and_o honourable_a affection_n to_o virtue_n be_v answerable_a in_o all_o point_n to_o his_o honourable_a parentage_n as_o for_o the_o warden_n of_o the_o west-marche_n against_o scotland_n in_o this_o county_n which_o be_v nobleman_n of_o especial_a trust_n i_o need_v to_o say_v nothing_o when_o as_o by_o the_o union_n of_o both_o kingdom_n under_o one_o head_n that_o office_n be_v now_o determine_v this_o shire_n reckon_v beside_o chapel_n 58._o parish_n churches_n vallum_n sieve_n murus_n picticus_n that_o be_v the_o pict_n wall_n through_o the_o high_a part_n of_o cumberland_n shoot_v that_o most_o famous_a wall_n in_o no_o case_n to_o be_v pass_v over_o in_o silence_n the_o limit_n of_o the_o roman_a province_n enemy_n the_o barbarian_a rampire_n the_o forefence_n and_o enclosure_n for_o so_o the_o ancient_a writer_n term_v it_o be_v call_v in_o dion_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o cross_a wall_n in_o herodian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o trench_n or_o fosse_n cast_v up_o by_o antonine_n cassiodore_n and_o other_o vallum_n that_o be_v the_o rampire_n by_o bede_n murus_n that_o be_v the_o wall_n by_o the_o britan_n gual-seve_a gal-seve_a bal_n val_n and_o mur-seve_a by_o the_o scottish_a scottishwaith_n by_o the_o english_a and_o those_o that_o dwell_v thereabouts_o 14._o the_o pict_n wall_n or_o the_o pehits_n wall_n the_o keep_v wall_n and_o simple_o by_o way_n of_o excellency_n the_o wall_n when_o the_o ambitious_a and_o valiant_a roman_n empire_n find_v by_o the_o guidance_n of_o god_n and_o assistance_n of_o virtue_n their_o success_n in_o all_o their_o affair_n above_o their_o wish_n have_v enlarge_v their_o empire_n every_o way_n so_o as_o that_o the_o very_a unwealdinesse_n thereof_o begin_v now_o to_o be_v of_o itself_o fearful_o suspect_v their_o emperor_n think_v it_o their_o best_a and_o safe_a policy_n to_o limit_n and_o contain_v the_o same_o within_o certain_a bound_n for_o in_o wisdom_n they_o see_v that_o in_o all_o greatness_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o mean_a like_a as_o the_o heaven_n in_o self_n reach_v not_o beyond_o the_o limit_a compass_n and_o the_o sea_n be_v toss_v to_o and_o fro_o within_o their_o own_o precinct_n now_o those_o limit_n or_o bound_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n be_v either_o natural_a as_o the_o sea_n great_a river_n mountain_n waste_n and_o desert_a ground_n or_o artificial_a as_o frontier-fenses_a namely_o trench_n or_o dike_n castle_n keep_v or_o fortress_n ward_n mound_n and_o baricadoe_n by_o tree_n cut_v down_o and_o plash_v bank_n rampier_n and_o wall_n along_o which_o be_v plant_v garrison_n of_o soldier_n against_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n confine_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o read_v thus_o in_o the_o novellae_fw-la of_o theodosius_n the_o emperor_n 43._o whatsoever_o lie_v include_v within_o the_o power_n and_o regiment_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v by_o the_o appointment_n and_o dispose_n of_o our_o ancestor_n defend_v from_o the_o incursion_n of_o barbarian_n with_o the_o rampire_n of_o a_o limit_v limitis_fw-la along_o these_o limit_n or_o border_n soldier_n lay_v garrison_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n within_o frontier-castle_n and_o city_n but_o when_o there_o be_v any_o fear_n of_o waste_n and_o spoil_v from_o border_a nation_n vegetius_n some_o of_o they_o have_v their_o field-station_n within_o the_o barbarian_a ground_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o land_n other_o make_v outrode_n into_o the_o enemy_n march_n to_o discover_v how_o the_o enemy_n stir_v yea_o and_o
of_o anguish_n in_o scotland_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n edward_n the_o first_o and_o leave_v that_o honour_n to_o his_o posterity_n but_o eleanor_n daughter_n to_o the_o sister_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o last_o earl_n be_v marry_v at_o length_n into_o the_o family_n of_o talebois_n and_o afterward_o this_o castle_n by_o the_o prince_n bountiful_a gift_n come_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o bedford_n but_o to_o retire_v to_o the_o wall_n beyond_o saint_n oswald'_v there_o be_v see_v in_o the_o wall_n the_o foundation_n of_o two_o sort_n which_o they_o call_v castle-steed_n then_o a_o place_n name_v portgate_n where_o there_o stand_v a_o gate_n in_o the_o wall_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o word_n that_o in_o both_o language_n import_v as_o much_o beneath_o this_o more_o within_o the_o country_n be_v halton-hall_n where_o flourish_v the_o family_n of_o the_o carnaby_n in_o great_a name_n for_o their_o antiquity_n and_o military_a prowess_n near_o unto_o which_o be_v seat_v aidon_n castle_n sometime_o part_n of_o the_o barony_n of_o that_o hugh_n balliol_n before_o name_v but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o many_o place_n about_o the_o wall_n carry_v this_o name_n aidon_n and_o the_o very_a same_o signify_v a_o militare_fw-la wing_n or_o a_o troop_n of_o horseman_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n of_o which_o sort_n there_o be_v many_o wing_n place_v along_o the_o wall_n as_o plain_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n of_o notice_n in_o their_o station_n i_o will_v have_v the_o reader_n thorough_o to_o consider_v whether_o this_o name_n be_v not_o thereupon_o impose_v upon_o these_o place_n like_v as_o leon_n upon_o those_o town_n where_o the_o legion_n have_v their_o stand_a camp_n well_o hard_a by_o there_o be_v dig_v up_o the_o fragment_n of_o a_o antique_a stone_n wherein_o be_v the_o express_a portrait_n or_o image_n of_o a_o man_n lie_v in_o bed_n lean_v upon_o his_o left_a hand_n and_o with_o the_o right_n touch_v his_o right_a knee_n with_o these_o inscription_n norici_n an._n xxx_o essoirus_fw-la magnus_fw-la frater_fw-la ejus_fw-la dupl._n alae_fw-la sabinianae_n m._n mari_n Ê‹s_o velli_fw-la along_o we_o at_fw-fr qui_fw-fr shanc_n posuit_fw-la v._n s._n l._n m._n then_o the_o river_n pont_n have_v his_o spring_n head_n more_o outward_o and_o run_v down_o near_o to_o fenwick-hall_n fenwick_n the_o dwell_a house_n of_o the_o worthy_a and_o martial_a family_n of_o the_o fenwickes_n for_o certain_a mile_n together_o guard_v the_o wall_n and_o upon_o his_o bank_n have_v for_o a_o defence_n in_o garrison_n the_o first_o cohort_n of_o the_o cornavii_n aelii-pont-eland_n at_o a_o place_n call_v pons_n aelii_n build_v as_o it_o seem_v by_o aelius_n hadrianus_n the_o emperor_n now_o call_v pont-eland_a at_o which_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o in_o the_o year_n 1244._o conclude_v a_o peace_n and_o near_o unto_o this_o the_o first_o cohort_n of_o the_o tungri_n have_v their_o abode_n at_o borwick_n borwic_n which_o in_o the_o notice_n of_o province_n be_v call_v borcovicus_n from_o port-gate_n the_o wall_n run_v along_o to_o waltowne_n which_o see_v the_o signification_n accord_v so_o well_o with_o the_o name_n admurum_a and_o that_o it_o stand_v twelve_o mile_n from_o the_o east_n sea_n i_o believe_v very_o it_o be_v the_o same_o royal_a town_n which_o bede_n call_v admurum_n wherein_o segbert_n king_n of_o the_o east_n saxon_n be_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o finanus_fw-la baptize_v and_o receive_v into_o the_o church_n of_o christ._n near_o unto_o this_o be_v a_o fortification_n winchester_n call_v old_a winchester_n i_o will_v glad_o take_v it_o to_o be_v that_o vindolana_n which_o that_o book_n of_o notice_n so_o often_o cite_v record_v to_o have_v be_v the_o frontier-station_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o the_o four_o cohort_n of_o the_o gaul_n and_o then_o have_v you_o rouchester_n where_o we_o behold_v very_o plain_o the_o express_a footing_n in_o form_n four_o square_v of_o a_o garrison_n castle_n that_o join_v hard_o to_o the_o wall_n near_o unto_o it_o headon_n show_v itself_o which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o barony_n of_o sir_n hugh_n de_fw-fr bolebec_n bolebec_n who_o fetch_v his_o descent_n by_o his_o mother_n from_o the_o noble_a baron_n of_o montfichet_a and_o have_v issue_v none_o but_o daughter_n match_v in_o wedlock_n with_o ralph_n lord_n greistock_n i._o lovel_n huntercomb_n and_o corbet_n now_o where_o the_o wall_n and_o tine_n almost_o meet_v together_o tine_n newcastle_n show_v itself_o glorious_o the_o very_a eye_n of_o all_o the_o town_n in_o these_o part_n ennoble_v by_o a_o notable_a haven_n which_o tine_n make_v be_v of_o that_o depth_n that_o it_o bear_v very_o tall_a ship_n and_o so_o defendenth_fw-mi they_o that_o they_o can_v neither_o easy_o be_v toss_v with_o tempest_n nor_o drive_v upon_o shallows_n and_o shelf_n it_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o rise_n of_o a_o hill_n very_o uneven_a upon_o the_o north-banke_n of_o the_o river_n which_o have_v a_o pass_a fair_a bridge_n over_o it_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n whereof_o stand_v the_o castle_n after_o that_o a_o steep_a and_o upright_a pitch_n of_o a_o hill_n rise_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n you_o have_v the_o mercat_n place_n and_o the_o better_a part_n of_o the_o city_n in_o regard_n of_o fair_a building_n from_o whence_o the_o ascent_n be_v not_o easy_a to_o the_o upper_a part_n which_o be_v large_a by_o far_a it_o be_v adorn_v with_o sour_a church_n and_o fortify_v with_o most_o strong_a wall_n that_o have_v eight_o gate_n in_o they_o with_o many_o tower_n what_o it_o be_v in_o old_a time_n it_o be_v not_o know_v i_o will_v soon_o deem_v it_o to_o have_v be_v gabrosentum_n gabrosentum_n consider_v that_o gates-head_n the_o suburb_n as_o it_o be_v thereof_o do_v in_o the_o own_o proper_a signification_n express_v that_o british_a name_n gabrosentum_n derive_v from_o goat_n as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o the_o notice_n also_o of_o province_n place_v gabrosentum_n and_o the_o second_o cohort_n of_o the_o thracian_n in_o it_o within_o the_o range_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o both_o the_o rampire_n and_o the_o wall_n go_v through_o this_o city_n and_o at_o pandon_n gate_n there_o remain_v as_o it_o be_v think_v one_o of_o the_o turret_n of_o that_o wall_n sure_o for_o workmanship_n and_o fashion_n it_o be_v different_a from_o the_o other_o moreover_o whereas_o it_o be_v name_v before_o the_o conquest_n monkch_a because_o it_o be_v as_o it_o seem_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o monk_n this_o addition_n chester_n which_o signify_v a_o place_n fortify_v imply_v that_o it_o be_v ancient_o a_o place_n of_o strength_n but_o after_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o new_a castle_n which_o robert_n the_o son_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n build_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n it_o get_v this_o new_a name_n newcastle_n and_o by_o little_a and_o little_o increase_v marveilous_o in_o wealth_n partly_o by_o intercourse_n of_o traffic_n with_o the_o german_n and_o partly_o by_o carry_v out_o sea-coal_n wherewith_o this_o country_n abound_v both_o into_o foreign_a country_n and_o also_o into_o other_o part_n of_o england_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o a_o rich_a man_n chance_v to_o be_v hale_v way_n prisoner_n by_o the_o scottish_a out_o of_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o town_n who_o after_o he_o have_v ransom_v himself_o with_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n begin_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o fortify_v the_o same_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n move_v by_o his_o example_n finish_v the_o work_n and_o compass_v it_o with_o fair_a strong_a wall_n since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v with_o security_n avoid_v the_o force_n and_o threat_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o robber_n which_o swarm_v all_o over_o the_o country_n and_o withal_o fall_v to_o trade_n &_o merchandise_n so_o fresh_o that_o for_o quick_a commerce_n &_o wealth_n it_o become_v in_o very_a flourish_a estate_n in_o which_o regard_n king_n richard_n the_o second_o grant_v that_o a_o sword_n shall_v be_v carry_v before_o the_o mayor_n and_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o make_v it_o a_o county_n incorporate_v by_o itself_o it_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o first_o meridian_n or_o west_n line_n 21._o degree_n and_o 30._o minute_n and_o from_o the_o aequinoctial_a line_n towards_o the_o north_n pole_n 34._o degree_n and_o 57_o minute_n as_o touch_v the_o suburb_n of_o gateshead_n which_o be_v conjoin_v to_o newcastle_n with_o a_o fair_a bridge_n over_o the_o river_n and_o appertain_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n i_o have_v already_o write_v now_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o site_n of_o newcastle_n and_o the_o abundance_n of_o sea-coal_n vent_v thence_o unto_o which_o a_o great_a part_n of_o england_n and_o the_o low_a country_n of_o germany_n be_v behold_v for_o their_o good_a fire_n read_v these_o verse_n of_o master_n john_n jonston_n out_o of_o his_o poem_n of_o the_o city_n of_o
to_o the_o baron_n dacre_n of_o gillesland_n nothing_o i_o have_v of_o any_o antiquity_n to_o say_v of_o this_o town_n but_o that_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1215._o it_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o in_o spiteful_a malice_n to_o king_n john_n from_o hence_o the_o river_n wentsbeck_n pass_v by_o bothall_n castle_n malrosse_n and_o the_o barony_n sometime_o of_o richard_n berthram_n from_o who_o posterity_n it_o be_v devolve_v unto_o the_o baron_n of_o ogle_n upon_o the_o bank_n whereof_o i_o have_v think_v this_o great_a while_n whether_o true_o or_o upon_o a_o bare_a supposal_n i_o know_v not_o that_o in_o old_a time_n glanoventa_n stand_v glanoventa_n which_o be_v fortify_v by_o the_o roman_n with_o a_o garrison_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n of_o the_o morini_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o march_n which_o the_o very_a situation_n do_v as_o it_o be_v persuade_v and_o the_o river_n name_n together_o with_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o same_o induce_v i_o to_o think_v for_o it_o be_v seat_v within_o the_o range_v of_o the_o rampire_n or_o wall_n even_o where_o the_o book_n of_o notice_n place_v it_o the_o river_n name_n be_v wants-beck_n and_o glanoventa_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n signify_v the_o shore_n or_o bank_n of_o venta_n whence_o also_o glanon_n a_o city_n in_o france_n upon_o the_o seashore_n whereof_o pomponius_n mela_n have_v make_v mention_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v draw_v that_o appellation_n not_o far_o hence_o to_o let_v pass_v little_a pile_n and_o tower_n of_o less_o account_n be_v to_o be_v see_v near_o unto_o the_o shore_n withrington_n or_o woderington_n withrington_n in_o the_o english_a saxon_a tongue_n of_o old_a time_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o ancient_a castle_n which_o give_v the_o name_n unto_o the_o withringtons_n gentleman_n of_o good_a birth_n and_o knight_n who_o valour_n in_o the_o war_n have_v be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n remarkable_a river_n then_o the_o river_n coquet_n fall_v into_o the_o sea_n which_o spring_v among_o the_o rough_a and_o stony_a mountain_n of_o cheviot_n not_o far_o from_o his_o head_n have_v billesdun_v upon_o it_o from_o whence_o spring_v the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o selby_n and_o somewhat_o low_o southward_o harbottle_n harbottle_n in_o the_o english_a saxon_n tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o station_n of_o the_o army_n whence_o the_o family_n of_o the_o harbottle_n descend_v that_o in_o the_o age_n aforego_v flourish_v a_o castle_n it_o have_v in_o time_n past_a but_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o salvation_n 1314._o the_o scot_n raze_v it_o haliston_n close_o unto_o this_o stand_v halyston_n as_o one_o will_v say_v holy_a stone_n where_o the_o report_n go_v that_o paulinus_n in_o the_o primitive_a church_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n baptize_v many_o thousand_o warkworth_n and_o at_o the_o very_a mouth_n of_o coquet_n warkworth_n a_o proper_a fair_a castle_n of_o the_o percy_n stand_v and_o defend_v the_o shore_n where_o there_o be_v a_o chapel_n wonderful_o build_v out_o of_o a_o rock_n hew_v hollow_a and_o wrought_v without_o beam_n rafter_n or_o any_o piece_n of_o timber_n this_o castle_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o give_v unto_o henry_n percy_n together_o with_o the_o manor_n of_o rochburie_n afore_o time_n it_o have_v be_v the_o barony_n of_o roger_n fitz-richard_n clavering_n by_o the_o gift_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n who_o give_v also_o unto_o his_o son_n clavering_n in_o essex_n whereof_o at_o the_o commandment_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o they_o assume_v unto_o they_o the_o surname_n of_o clavering_n leave_v the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o take_v their_o name_n from_o the_o forename_n or_o christian_a name_n of_o the_o father_n for_o before_o that_o time_n they_o be_v surname_v according_a to_o the_o forename_n of_o the_o father_n as_o robert_z fitz_n roger_n roger_n fitz_n john_n etc._n etc._n part_v of_o this_o inheritance_n the_o nevil_n enter_v upon_o by_o fine_a and_o covenant_n who_o afterward_o be_v earl_n of_o westmoreland_n and_o part_n of_o it_o a_o daughter_n name_v eve_n inherit_v who_o be_v wed_v to_o sir_n th._n ufford_n from_o who_o posterity_n it_o come_v hereditary_o unto_o the_o fienes_n baron_n of_o dacres_n but_o from_o the_o young_a son_n branch_v the_o baron_n of_o evers_n the_o evers_n of_o axholme_n and_o the_o claverings_n of_o kalaly_n in_o this_o county_n and_o other_o hard_o unto_o this_o also_o lie_v morwick_n morwick_n which_o may_v likewise_o boast_v of_o the_o lord_n it_o have_v who_o issue_n male_a have_v a_o end_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1258._o and_o so_o the_o inheritance_n pass_v over_o by_o the_o daughter_n unto_o the_o lumley_v seimors_n bulmers_n and_o roscell_n the_o shore_n after_o this_o open_v itself_o to_o give_v passage_n unto_o the_o river_n alaunus_n river_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o bereave_v of_o that_o name_n whereby_o it_o be_v know_v unto_o ptolomee_n be_v call_v short_a alne_n upon_o the_o bank_n whereof_o beside_o twifford_n that_o be_v a_o double_a fourd_v where_o be_v hold_v a_o solemn_a synod_n under_o king_n egfrid_n and_o eslington_n the_o habitation_n of_o the_o collingwoods_n man_n renown_v for_o their_o warlike_a exploit_n there_o show_v also_o itself_o alan-wic_a alnewick_n in_o the_o english_a saxon_a tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d now_o common_o call_v anwick_n 1174._o a_o town_n ennoble_v by_o the_o victory_n of_o englishman_n wherein_o our_o ancestor_n show_v such_o valour_n and_o prowess_n that_o they_o take_v william_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o present_v he_o prisoner_n unto_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o fortify_v beside_o with_o a_o goodly_a castle_n 1097._o which_o when_o malcome_n the_o three_o king_n of_o the_o scot_n have_v by_o long_a siege_n enforce_v to_o such_o extremity_n that_o it_o be_v at_o the_o point_n now_o to_o be_v yield_v up_o he_o be_v slay_v by_o a_o soldier_n that_o make_v semblance_n to_o deliver_v unto_o he_o the_o key_n of_o the_o castle_n hang_v at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o spear_n run_v he_o into_o the_o body_n with_o it_o and_o withal_o his_o son_n edward_n while_o to_o revenge_v his_o father_n death_n he_o charge_v unadvised_o upon_o the_o enemy_n be_v so_o wound_v that_o he_o die_v thereof_o short_o after_o this_o be_v a_o barony_n sometime_o belong_v to_o the_o vescy_n nevilli_n for_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o give_v it_o unto_o eustach_n fitz-iohn_n father_n to_o william_n vesci_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o service_n of_o twelve_o knight_n sir_n john_n vescy_n of_o this_o race_n return_v out_o of_o the_o sacred_a war_n in_o the_o holy-land_n be_v the_o first_o that_o bring_v with_o he_o into_o england_n the_o friar_n carmelites_n carmelites_n and_o build_v for_o they_o a_o covent_n here_o in_o holme_n a_o desert_a place_n not_o unlike_a to_o mount_n carmel_n in_o syria_n william_n the_o last_o of_o the_o vescy_n make_v antonine_n bec_n bishop_n of_o durham_n his_o feofie_n upon_o trust_n that_o he_o shall_v deliver_v this_o castle_n with_o all_o the_o land_n lie_v thereto_o unto_o his_o base_a son_n durham_n the_o only_a child_n that_o he_o leave_v behind_o he_o but_o the_o bishop_n false_o convey_v away_o from_o he_o the_o inheritance_n and_o for_o ready_a money_n sell_v it_o unto_o william_n lord_n percy_n since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v evermore_o belong_v to_o the_o percy_n from_o hence_o the_o shore_n make_v divers_a angle_n and_o point_n bebban_n pass_v by_o dunstaburge_n a_o castle_n belong_v to_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n which_o some_o have_v untrue_o suppose_v to_o be_v bebhan_n for_o bebhane_n stand_v high_a and_o in_o stead_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v now_o call_v bamborrow_n bamborrow_n our_o bede_n where_o he_o report_v that_o this_o castle_n be_v besiege_v and_o burn_v by_o penda_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n write_v that_o queen_n bebba_n give_v it_o this_o name_n but_o the_o floure-gatherer_n record_v that_o ida_n the_o first_o king_n of_o northumberland_n build_v it_o which_o he_o sense_v first_o with_o great_a stake_n or_o pile_n of_o timber_n and_o afterward_o with_o a_o wall_n but_o take_v here_o with_o you_o the_o description_n thereof_o out_o of_o roger_n hoveden_n bebba_n say_v he_o be_v a_o most_o strong_a city_n not_o very_o great_a but_o contain_v the_o space_n of_o two_o or_o three_o field_n have_v into_o it_o one_o hollow_a entrance_n and_o the_o same_o raise_v on_o high_a with_o stair_n after_o a_o wonderful_a manner_n and_o on_o the_o pitch_n of_o a_o hill_n a_o very_a fair_a church_n and_o westward_o on_o the_o top_n thereof_o there_o be_v a_o well_o set_v out_o with_o marvelous_a workmanship_n sweet_a to_o drink_v of_o and_o most_o pure_a to_o see_v to_o but_o in_o our_o age_n it_o be_v count_v a_o castle_n rather_o than_o a_o city_n yet_o so_o
it_o become_v whole_o under_o the_o scot_n dominion_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o salvation_n 960._o what_o time_n the_o english_a empire_n sore_o shake_v with_o the_o danish_a war_n lay_v as_o it_o be_v gasp_v and_o die_v how_o also_o as_o a_o old_a book_n of_o the_o division_n of_o scotland_n in_o the_o library_n of_o the_o right_n honourable_a lord_n burghley_n late_o high_a treasurer_n of_o england_n eden_n show_v while_o indulph_n reign_v the_o town_n of_o eden_n be_v void_v and_o abandon_v to_o the_o scot_n unto_o this_o present_a day_n as_o what_o variable_a change_n of_o reciprocal_a fortune_n it_o have_v feel_v from_o time_n to_o time_n the_o historiographer_n do_v relate_v and_o out_o of_o they_o you_o be_v to_o be_v inform_v mean_a while_n read_v if_o you_o please_v these_o verse_n of_o that_o most_o worthy_a man_n master_n i._o jonston_n in_o praise_n of_o edenborrow_n monte_fw-fr sub_fw-la acclivi_fw-la zephyri_fw-la procurrit_fw-la in_o auras_fw-la hinc_fw-la arx_fw-la celsus_fw-la illinc_fw-la regius_fw-la clara_fw-la nitet_fw-la inter_fw-la utramque_fw-la patet_fw-la sublimibus_fw-la ardua_fw-la tectis_fw-la urbs_fw-la armis_fw-la animus_fw-la clara_fw-la frequensque_fw-la viris_fw-la nobile_fw-la scotorum_fw-la caput_fw-la &_o pars_fw-la maxima_fw-la regni_fw-la penè_fw-la etiam_fw-la gentis_fw-la integra_fw-la regna_fw-la suae_fw-la rarae_n art_n &_o open_v quod_fw-la mens_fw-la optaverit_fw-la aut_fw-la hîc_fw-la invenias_fw-la aut_fw-la non_fw-la scotia_n tota_fw-la dabit_fw-la compositum_fw-la hîc_fw-la populum_fw-la videas_fw-la sanctum_fw-la que_fw-la senatum_fw-la sanctáque_fw-la cum_fw-la puro_fw-la lumine_fw-la jura_fw-la dei_fw-la a_o quisquam_fw-la arctoi_fw-la extremo_fw-la in_o limit_fw-la mundi_fw-la aut_fw-la haec_fw-la aut_fw-la paria_fw-la his_fw-la cernere_fw-la posse_fw-la putet_fw-la dic_fw-la hospes_fw-la postquà m_fw-la externas_fw-la lustraveris_fw-la urbes_fw-la haec_fw-la cernens_fw-la oculis_fw-la credis_fw-la a_o ipse_fw-la tuis_fw-la under_o the_o rise_n of_o a_o hill_n westward_o there_o shoot_v one_o way_n a_o castle_n high_a on_o the_o other_a side_n the_o king_n house_n gorgeous_a gay_a between_o they_o both_o the_o city_n stand_v tall_a building_n show_v it_o well_o for_o arm_n for_o courage_n much_o renown_v much_o people_n therein_o dwell_v the_o scot_n head_n city_n large_a and_o fair_a the_o kingdom_n great_a part_n nay_o even_o the_o nation_n kingdom_n whole_a well_o near_o by_o just_a desert_n rare_a art_n and_o riches_n what_o one_o mind_n can_v wish_v be_v therein_o find_v or_o else_o it_o will_v not_o get_v be_v throughout_o all_o scottish_a ground_n a_o civil_a people_n here_o a_o man_n may_v see_v a_o senate_n grave_n god_n holy_a law_n with_o pure_a light_n of_o preacher_n here_o you_o have_v in_o part_n remote_a of_o northern_a clime_n will_v any_o person_n ween_v that_o ever_o these_o or_o such_o like_a thing_n may_v possible_o be_v see_v say_v traveller_n now_o after_o that_o thou_o foreign_a town_n have_v know_v behold_v this_o believe_v thou_o these_o eye_n that_o be_v thy_o own_o a_o mile_n from_o hence_o lie_v leth_n lyth_n a_o most_o commodious_a haven_n hard_o upon_o the_o river_n leth_n which_o when_o dessey_n the_o frenchman_n for_o the_o security_n of_o edenborrow_n have_v fortify_v by_o reason_n of_o many_o man_n repair_v thither_o within_o a_o short_a time_n from_o a_o mean_a village_n it_o grow_v to_o be_v a_o big_a town_n again_o when_o francis_n the_o second_o king_n of_o france_n have_v take_v to_o wife_n marie_n the_o queen_n of_o scot_n the_o frenchman_n who_o in_o hope_n and_o conceit_n have_v already_o devour_v scotland_n and_o begin_v now_o to_o gape_v for_o england_n in_o the_o year_n 1560._o strengthen_v it_o with_o more_o fortification_n but_o elizabeth_n queen_n of_o england_n solicit_v by_o the_o noble_n of_o scotland_n that_o embrace_v the_o reform_a religion_n to_o side_n with_o they_o by_o her_o puissance_n and_o wisdom_n effect_v that_o both_o they_o return_v into_o france_n and_o these_o their_o fortification_n be_v lay_v level_v with_o the_o ground_n and_o scotland_n ever_o since_o have_v be_v free_v from_o the_o french_a where_o this_o forth_o grow_v more_o and_o more_o narrow_a guidi_n it_o have_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o the_o city_n caer-guidi_a as_o bede_n note_v which_o now_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v the_o island_n name_v inch-keith_n whether_o this_o be_v that_o victoria_n which_o ptolomee_n mention_v i_o will_v not_o stand_v to_o prove_v although_o a_o man_n may_v believe_v that_o the_o roman_n turn_v this_o guidh_n into_o victoria_n as_o well_o as_o the_o isle_n guith_n or_o wight_n into_o victesis_n or_o vecta_n certes_o see_v both_o these_o island_n be_v dissever_v from_o the_o shore_n the_o same_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n will_v hold_v well_o in_o both_o language_n for_o ninius_n have_v teach_v we_o that_o guith_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n betoken_v a_o separation_n more_o within_o upon_o the_o same_o forth_o be_v situate_a abercorn_n in_o bede_n time_n a_o famous_a monastery_n which_o now_o by_o the_o gracious_a favour_n of_o king_n james_n the_o six_o blackness_a give_v unto_o james_n hamilton_n the_o title_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o abercorn_n and_o fast_o beside_o it_o stand_v blackness_n castle_n and_o beneath_o it_o southward_o the_o ancient_a city_n lindum_n whereof_o ptolomee_n make_v mention_v which_o the_o better_a learned_a as_o yet_o call_v linlithquo_n linlithquo_n common_o lithquo_n beautify_v and_o set_v out_o with_o a_o very_a fair_a house_n of_o the_o king_n a_o goodly_a church_n and_o a_o fishfull_a lake_n of_o which_o lake_n it_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v assume_v that_o name_n for_o lin_n as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n sound_v as_o much_o as_o a_o lake_n a_o sheriff_n it_o have_v in_o time_n pass_v by_o inheritance_n out_o of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o hamilton_n of_o peyle_n linlithquo_n and_o now_o in_o our_o day_n it_o have_v for_o the_o first_o earl_n sir_n alexander_n levingston_n who_o king_n james_n the_o six_o raise_v from_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o baron_n wherein_o his_o ancestor_n have_v flourish_v a_o long_a time_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o earl_n like_v as_o within_o a_o while_n after_o he_o promote_v mark_n ker_n lothien_n baron_n of_o newbottle_n aforesaid_a to_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o lothien_n selgovae_n beneath_o the_o gadeni_n towards_o the_o south_n and_o west_n where_o now_o be_v the_o small_a territory_n of_o lidesdale_n eusdale_n eskdale_n annandale_n and_o nidesdale_n so_o call_v of_o little_a river_n run_v through_o they_o which_o all_o lose_v themselves_o in_o solway_n frith_n dwell_v in_o ancient_a time_n the_o selgovae_n the_o relic_n of_o who_o name_n seem_v unto_o i_o whether_o unto_o other_o i_o know_v not_o to_o remain_v in_o that_o name_n solway_n liddesdale_n in_o lidesdale_n there_o rise_v aloft_o armitage_n so_o call_v because_o it_o be_v in_o time_n past_o dedicate_v to_o a_o solitary_a life_n now_o it_o be_v a_o very_a strong_a castle_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o hepburns_n bothwell_n who_o draw_v their_o original_n from_o a_o certain_a englishman_n a_o prisoner_n who_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n for_o deliver_v he_o out_o of_o a_o danger_n great_o enrich_v these_o be_v earl_n of_o bothwell_n and_o a_o long_a time_n by_o the_o right_n of_o inheritance_n admiral_n of_o scotland_n but_o by_o a_o filter_n of_o james_n earl_n of_o bothwel_n the_o last_o of_o the_o hepburns_n marry_v unto_o john_n prior_n of_o coldingham_n base_a son_n to_o king_n james_n the_o five_o who_o beget_v too_o too_o many_o bastard_n the_o title_n and_o inheritance_n both_o come_v unto_o his_o son_n brakensey_n hard_o by_o be_v brakensey_n the_o habitation_n of_o the_o warlike_a family_n of_o baclugh_n backlugh_n surname_v scot_n beside_o many_o little_a pile_n or_o sort_n of_o military_a man_n every_o where_o uzbllhum_fw-la in_o eusdale_n i_o will_v deem_v by_o the_o affinite_a of_o the_o name_n that_o old_a uzbllum_fw-mi mention_v by_o ptolomee_n stand_v by_o the_o river_n euse._n in_o eskdale_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o horesti_n dwell_v into_o who_o border_n julius_n agricola_n when_o he_o have_v subdue_v the_o britan_n inhabit_v this_o tract_n bring_v the_o roman_a army_n especial_o if_o we_o read_v horesci_n in_o stead_n of_o horesti_n for_o ar-esc_a in_o the_o british_a tongue_n betoken_v a_o place_n by_o the_o river_n eske_n horesci_n as_o for_o aesica_n in_o eskdale_n i_o have_v speak_v of_o it_o before_o in_o england_n and_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n wherefore_o i_o shall_v iterate_v the_o same_o annandale_n annandale_n unto_o this_o on_o the_o west_n side_n adjoin_v annandale_n that_o be_v the_o vale_n by_o the_o river_n annan_n into_o which_o the_o access_n by_o land_n be_v very_o difficult_a the_o place_n of_o great_a note_n herein_o be_v these_o maban_n a_o castle_n by_o lough-mahan_n three_o part_n whereof_o be_v environ_v with_o water_n and_o strong_o wall_v and_o the_o town_n annandale_n at_o the_o very_a mouth_n almost_o
make_v a_o turf_n wall_n rear_v it_o not_o so_o much_o with_o stone_n as_o with_o turf_n as_o have_v no_o can_v artificer_n for_o so_o great_a a_o piece_n of_o work_n and_o the_o same_o to_o no_o use_n between_o two_o frith_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o many_o mile_n in_o length_n that_o where_o the_o fence_n of_o water_n be_v want_v there_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o wall_n they_o may_v defend_v their_o border_n from_o the_o invasion_n of_o enemy_n of_o which_o work_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o very_a broad_a and_o high_a wall_n a_o man_n may_v see_v to_o this_o day_n most_o certain_a and_o evident_a remain_v this_o wall_n begin_v as_o the_o scot_n in_o these_o day_n give_v out_o at_o the_o river_n aven_n that_o go_v into_o edenborrough_n forth_o ninius_n and_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o riveret_n carron_n reach_v unto_o dunbritton_n but_o bede_n as_o i_o say_v erewhile_o affirm_v that_o it_o begin_v in_o a_o place_n call_v pen_n vaell_o that_o be_v in_o the_o pict_n language_n as_o much_o as_o the_o head_n of_o the_o wall_n in_o the_o britan_n tongue_n pen-gual_a in_o english_a penwalton_n in_o scottish_a cevall_n all_o which_o name_v no_o doubt_n be_v derive_v from_o vallum_n in_o latin_a and_o he_o say_v that_o place_n be_v almost_o two_o mile_n from_o abereurvig_n or_o abercurve_v abercorn_n and_o it_o end_v as_o the_o common_a sort_n think_v at_o kirk-patricke_n the_o native_a soil_n as_o some_o write_v of_o saint_n patrick_n the_o irishman_n apostle_n near_o unto_o cluyd_v according_a to_o bede_n at_o alcluid_n after_o ninius_n at_o the_o city_n pen_n alcloyt_n which_o may_v seem_v all_o one_o dyke_n now_o this_o wall_n be_v common_o call_v graham_n dyke_n either_o of_o graham_n a_o warlike_a scot_n who_o valour_n be_v especial_o see_v when_o the_o breach_n be_v make_v through_o it_o or_o else_o of_o the_o hill_n grampie_a at_o the_o foot_n whereof_o it_o stand_v the_o author_n of_o rota_n temporum_fw-la call_v it_o the_o wall_n of_o aber-corneth_a that_o be_v of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n corn_v where_o in_o bede_n time_n there_o be_v a_o famous_a monastery_n stand_v as_o he_o have_v record_v upon_o english_a ground_n but_o near_o unto_o that_o frith_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o in_o those_o day_n sever_v the_o land_n of_o the_o english_a and_o the_o pict_n hard_o by_o this_o wall_n of_o turf_n what_o way_n as_o the_o river_n carron_n cross_v this_o sheriffdome_n of_o sterling_n towards_o the_o left_a hand_n be_v see_v two_o mount_n cast_v up_o by_o man_n hand_n which_o they_o call_v duni_n pacis_fw-la pacis_fw-la that_o be_v knolles_n of_o peace_n and_o almost_o two_o mile_n low_a there_o be_v a_o ancient_a round_a building_n four_o and_o twenty_o cubit_n high_a and_o thirteen_o broad_a open_a in_o the_o top_n frame_v of_o rough_a stone_n without_o lime_n have_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o every_o stone_n so_o tenant_v into_o the_o nether_a as_o that_o the_o whole_a work_n still_o rise_v narrow_a by_o a_o mutual_a interlace_n and_o clasp_v uphold_v itself_o some_o call_v this_o the_o temple_n of_o god_n terminus_n oven_n other_o arthurs-oven_n who_o father_n every_o stately_a and_o sumptuous_a thing_n upon_o arthur_n other_o again_o julius_n hoff_n and_o suppose_v it_o to_o have_v be_v build_v by_o julius_n caesar._n but_o i_o will_v think_v rather_o that_o julius_n agricola_n build_v it_o who_o fortify_v this_o frontier_n part_n be_v it_o not_o that_o ninius_n have_v already_o inform_v we_o that_o it_o be_v erect_v by_o carausius_n for_o a_o triumphal_a archippus_n for_o he_o as_o ninius_n write_v build_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o charon_n a_o round_a house_n of_o polish_a stone_n erect_v a_o triumphal_a arch_n in_o memorial_n of_o a_o victory_n he_o re-edified_n also_o the_o wall_n and_o strengthen_v it_o with_o seven_o castle_n in_o the_o midst_n space_n between_o duni_n pacis_fw-la and_o this_o building_n on_o the_o righthand-banke_n of_o carron_n there_o be_v yet_o to_o be_v discern_v a_o confuse_a face_n of_o a_o little_a ancient_a city_n where_o the_o vulgar_a people_n believe_v there_o be_v sometime_o a_o road_n for_o ship_n who_o call_v it_o camelot_n by_o a_o name_n that_o be_v rife_o in_o king_n arthur_n book_n and_o they_o contend_v but_o all_o in_o vain_a to_o have_v it_o that_o camalodunum_n which_o tacitus_n mention_v but_o it_o will_v seem_v rather_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o river_n carron_n run_v underneath_o to_o have_v be_v corta_fw-la damniorum_fw-la damniorum_fw-la which_o ptolomee_n mention_v in_o this_o tract_n and_o now_o take_v with_o you_o that_o which_o george_n buchanan_n that_o excellent_a poet_n write_v of_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n at_o carron_n roma_fw-it securigeris_fw-la praetendit_fw-la maenia_fw-la scotis_n hîc_fw-la spe_fw-la progressus_fw-la positâ_fw-la carronis_fw-la ad_fw-la undam_fw-la terminus_n ausonii_fw-la signat_fw-la divertia_fw-la regni_fw-la against_o warlike_a scot_n with_o axe_n arm_v a_o mighty_a frontier_n wall_n the_o roman_n raise_v and_o limit_v there_o which_o terminus_n they_o call_v near_o carron_n stream_n now_o past_o all_o hope_n more_o british_a ground_n to_o gain_v mark_v out_o the_o roman_a empire_n end_n whence_o they_o to_o turn_n be_v fain_o in_o this_o territory_n of_o sterling_n on_o the_o east_n side_n levingston_n there_o show_v itself_o castle_n callendar_n belong_v to_o the_o baron_n of_o levingston_n and_o the_o family_n of_o the_o baron_n fleming_n dwell_v hard_a by_o at_o cumbernald_n which_o they_o receive_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o king_n robert_n brus_n for_o their_o service_n valiant_o &_o faithful_o perform_v in_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n whereby_o also_o they_o attain_v unto_o the_o hereditary_a honour_n to_o be_v chamberlain_n of_o scotland_n and_o even_o very_o late_o the_o favour_n of_o king_n james_n the_o six_o have_v honour_v this_o house_n with_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n wigton_n what_o time_n as_o he_o create_v i._o baron_n fleming_n earl_n of_o wigton_n in_o a_o place_n near_o adjoin_v stand_v elpheingston_n which_o likewise_o have_v his_o baron_n advance_v to_o that_o dignity_n by_o king_n james_n the_o four_o and_o where_o forth_o full_a of_o his_o wind_n and_o crooked_a crank_n run_v down_o with_o a_o roll_a pace_n and_o have_v a_o bridge_n over_o he_o stand_v sterlin_n common_o call_v strivelin_n and_o sterlin_n burrough_n where_o on_o the_o very_a brow_n of_o a_o steep_a rock_n there_o be_v mount_v on_o high_a a_o pass_v strong_a castle_n of_o the_o king_n which_o king_n james_n the_o six_o have_v beautify_v with_o new_a building_n and_o whereof_o this_o long_a time_n the_o lord_n of_o ereskin_n have_v be_v captain_n unto_o who_o the_o charge_n and_o tuition_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o scotland_n during_o their_o minority_n have_v be_v otherwhiles_o commit_v whereas_o some_o there_o be_v that_o will_v have_v the_o good_a and_o lawful_a money_n of_o england_n money_n which_o be_v call_v sterling_a money_n to_o take_v the_o name_n from_o hence_o they_o be_v much_o deceive_v for_o that_o denomination_n come_v from_o the_o german_n of_o their_o easterly_a dwell_v term_v by_o englishman_n esterling_n who_o king_n john_n of_o england_n first_o send_v for_o to_o reduce_v the_o silver_n to_o the_o due_a fineness_n and_o purity_n and_o such_o money_n in_o ancient_a writing_n be_v ever_o more_o find_v by_o the_o name_n of_o esterling_n but_o concern_v sterlin_n town_n the_o verse_n that_o i._o jonston_n have_v make_v shall_v supply_v all_o the_o rest_n regius_fw-la sublimis_fw-la celsus_fw-la despectat_fw-la ab_fw-la arce_fw-la pendula_fw-la sub_fw-la biferis_fw-la maenia_fw-la structa_fw-la jugis_fw-la regum_fw-la augusta_fw-la parens_fw-la regum_fw-la nutricula_fw-la natis_fw-la hinc_fw-la sibi_fw-la regifico_fw-la nomine_fw-la tota_fw-la placet_fw-la hospita_fw-la sed_fw-la cuivis_fw-la quovis_fw-la sub_fw-la nomine_fw-la amicus_fw-la sive_fw-la es_fw-la seu_fw-la non_fw-la es_fw-la hospes_fw-la a_o hostess_fw-la item_n pro_fw-la lucro_fw-la cedit_fw-la damnum_fw-la discordia_fw-la tristis_fw-la heu_fw-la quoties_fw-la procerum_fw-la sanguine_fw-la tinxit_fw-la humum_fw-la hoc_fw-la uno_fw-la infelix_fw-la at_o felix_fw-la coetera_fw-la nusquam_fw-la laetior_fw-la aut_fw-la caelifron_n geniusve_fw-la soli_fw-la a_o regal_a palace_n stately_a set_v behold_v from_o mount_n aloft_o town_n wall_n build_v hang_v on_o the_o side_n of_o hill_n with_o double_a cost_n the_o sacred_a mother_n unto_o king_n of_o king_n babe_n eke_o the_o nurse_n hence_o be_v it_o that_o she_o pride_n herself_o in_o king_n name_n and_o no_o worse_o but_o entertain_v every_o one_o by_o name_n it_o skill_v not_o what_o a_o friend_n or_o foe_n friend_n guest_n or_o no_o she_o reckon_v nought_o of_o that_o in_o steed_n of_o gain_n this_o turn_n to_o loss_n beside_o how_o oft_o alas_o have_v discord_n foul_a with_o noble_n blood_n stain_v hence_o both_o ground_n and_o grass_n in_o this_o alone_a unhappy_a she_o else_o not_o nor_o shall_v you_o find_v
therein_o be_v with_o the_o narrow_a thrust_v close_o and_o pen_v together_o yet_o such_o be_v the_o convenience_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o haven_n that_o for_o wealth_n fresh_a trade_n and_o frequent_a resort_n it_o be_v the_o second_o city_n in_o all_o ireland_n and_o have_v always_o show_v a_o singular_a loialty_n fidelity_n and_o obedience_n to_o the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n for_o ever_o since_o that_o richard_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n win_v it_o it_o have_v continue_v so_o faithful_a and_o quiet_o dispose_v that_o it_o perform_v at_o all_o time_n safe_a and_o secure_a peace_n unto_o the_o english_a on_o their_o back_n while_o they_o go_v on_o in_o the_o conquer_a of_o ireland_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v grant_v unto_o it_o very_o many_o and_o those_o right_n large_a franchise_n which_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o augment_v and_o confirm_v because_o the_o citizen_n have_v demean_v themselves_o most_o valiant_o and_o wise_o against_o that_o mock-prince_n perkin_n warbeck_n who_o be_v a_o young_a man_n of_o base_a condition_n by_o hoise_v up_o the_o full_a sail_n of_o impudence_n go_v about_o to_o mount_v up_o aloft_o unto_o the_o imperial_a diadem_n while_o he_o a_o mere_a suborn_a counterfeit_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o be_v richard_n duke_n of_o york_n the_o second_o son_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o waterford_n this_o county_n of_o waterford_n together_o with_o the_o city_n king_n henry_n the_o six_o give_v unto_o john_n talbot_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n aforesaid_a by_o these_o word_n which_o because_o they_o testify_v the_o valorous_a virtue_n of_o that_o most_o martial_a knight_n to_o the_o end_n that_o virtue_n may_v have_v the_o due_a honour_n thereto_o belong_v i_o think_v it_o worth_a my_o labour_n and_o haply_o any_o man_n else_o will_v deem_v no_o less_o to_o put_v down_o out_o of_o the_o record_n which_o may_v be_v english_v thus_o we_o therefore_o say_v the_o king_n after_o other_o eloquent_a term_n pen_v by_o the_o secretary_n of_o that_o age_n when_o there_o be_v but_o simple_a latin_a weigh_v with_o due_a consideration_n the_o valiant_a prowess_n of_o our_o most_o dear_a and_o faithful_a cousin_n john_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n and_o of_o weisford_n lord_n talbot_n furnivall_n and_o le_fw-fr strange_a sufficient_o try_v and_o approve_v even_o unto_o his_o old_a age_n in_o the_o war_n aforesaid_a upon_o his_o body_n no_o less_o bedew_v with_o sweat_n many_o a_o time_n than_o imbrue_v with_o blood_n and_o consider_v in_o what_o sort_n our_o county_n and_o city_n of_o waterford_n in_o our_o land_n of_o ireland_n the_o castle_n seignory_n honour_n land_n and_o barony_n of_o dungarvan_n and_o all_o the_o lordship_n land_n honour_n and_o barony_n with_o the_o pertinence_n within_o the_o same_o county_n which_o by_o forfeiture_n of_o rebel_n by_o reversion_n or_o decease_n of_o any_o person_n or_o person_n by_o escheat_n or_o any_o other_o title_n of_o law_n ought_v to_o come_v into_o our_o hand_n or_o our_o progenitor_n or_o in_o the_o same_o to_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o hostile_a invasion_n of_o our_o enemy_n and_o rebel_n in_o those_o part_n be_v become_v so_o desolate_a and_o lie_v so_o much_o expose_v to_o the_o spoil_n of_o war_n whole_o as_o it_o be_v waste_v that_o they_o turn_v we_o to_o no_o profit_n but_o have_v and_o do_v redound_v oftentimes_o to_o our_o detriment_n in_o this_o regard_n also_o that_o by_o the_o same_o our_o cousin_n our_o foresay_a land_n of_o ireland_n may_v the_o more_o valiant_o be_v defend_v in_o those_o part_n against_o such_o attempt_n and_o invasion_n of_o our_o enemy_n and_o rebel_n do_v ordain_v promote_v and_o create_v he_o earl_n of_o waterford_n together_o with_o the_o stile_n title_n name_n and_o honour_n thereto_o belong_v and_o because_o as_o the_o highness_n of_o his_o state_n and_o degree_n grow_v all_o thing_n consequent_o of_o necessity_n grow_v withal_o upon_o our_o special_a grace_n certain_a knowledge_n and_o mere_a motion_n and_o for_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o earl_n himself_o our_o cousin_n to_o be_v maintain_v in_o more_o decent_a manner_n we_o have_v give_v grant_v and_o by_o these_o our_o letter_n confirm_v unto_o the_o same_o earl_n the_o county_n aforesaid_a together_o with_o the_o foresay_a stile_n title_n name_n and_o honour_n of_o earl_n of_o waterford_n yea_o and_o the_o foresay_a city_n with_o the_o fee_n ferme_fw-fr of_o the_o same_o the_o castle_n lordship_n honour_n land_n and_o barony_n with_o the_o pertinence_n within_o the_o county_n likewise_o all_o and_o every_o sort_n the_o manor_n hundred_o wapentake_n etc._n etc._n all_o along_o the_o sea_n coast_n from_o the_o town_n of_o yoghall_n unto_o waterford_n city_n aforesaid_a to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o foresay_a county_n of_o waterford_n the_o stile_n title_n name_n and_o honour_n of_o earl_n of_o waterford_n and_o the_o city_n waterford_n aforesaid_a the_o castle_n seignory_n honour_n land_n and_o barony_n of_o dungarvan_n and_o all_o other_o lordship_n honour_n land_n and_o barony_n within_o the_o say_a county_n as_o also_o all_o and_o every_o the_o foresay_a manor_n hundred_o etc._n etc._n unto_o the_o above_o name_v earl_n and_o the_o heir_n male_n issue_v out_o of_o his_o body_n to_o have_v i_o say_v and_o to_o hold_v of_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n by_o homage_n fealty_n ireland_n and_o the_o service_n of_o be_v and_o to_o be_v our_o seneschal_n or_o steward_n and_o that_o his_o heir_n be_v the_o seneschal_n of_o ireland_n to_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n throughout_o our_o whole_a land_n of_o ireland_n to_o do_v and_o that_o he_o do_v and_o ought_v himself_o to_o do_v in_o the_o same_o his_o office_n that_o which_o his_o predecessor_n seneschal_n of_o england_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v hitherto_o in_o that_o office_n for_o ever_o in_o witness_v whereof_o etc._n etc._n but_o when_o as_o while_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o noble_n who_o have_v large_a and_o goodly_a possession_n in_o ireland_n be_v much_o busy_v and_o trouble_v a_o long_a time_n first_o with_o the_o war_n of_o france_n and_o afterward_o with_o civil_a war_n at_o home_n ireland_n lie_v in_o manner_n neglect_v and_o the_o state_n of_o english_a there_o fall_v still_o to_o decay_v be_v now_o in_o manner_n come_v to_o nothing_o but_o the_o irishry_n by_o occasion_n of_o the_o other_o absence_n grow_v exceed_v mighty_a for_o to_o recover_v these_o loss_n and_o to_o abate_v the_o power_n of_o the_o irish_a it_o be_v ordain_v and_o enact_v by_o the_o state_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o parliament_n 8._o that_o the_o earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n for_o his_o absence_n and_o carelessness_n in_o maintain_v of_o his_o own_o shall_v surrender_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n the_o earldom_n and_o town_n of_o waterford_n the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n likewise_o the_o baron_n barkley_n the_o heir_n general_a of_o the_o earl_n of_o ormond_n and_o all_o the_o abbat_n prior_n etc._n etc._n of_o england_n who_o have_v any_o land_n shall_v surrender_v up_o all_o their_o possession_n unto_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n for_o the_o same_o absence_n and_o neglect_n the_o county_n of_o limerick_n hitherto_o have_v we_o go_v over_o the_o maritime_a county_n of_o monster_n two_o there_o remain_v yet_o behind_o that_o be_v in-land_n limericke_n and_o tipperary_n which_o we_o be_v now_o to_o go_v unto_o the_o county_n of_o limerick_n lie_v behind_o that_o of_o cork_n northward_o between_o kerry_n the_o river_n shanon_n and_o the_o county_n of_o tipperary_n a_o fertile_a country_n and_o well_o people_v but_o able_a to_o show_v very_o few_o place_n of_o any_o good_a account_n and_o importance_n the_o more_o western_a part_n of_o it_o be_v call_v conilagh_n knoc-patric_n wherein_o among_o the_o hill_n knock-patric_n that_o be_v patrick_n hill_n mount_v up_o of_o a_o mighty_a height_n and_o yield_v a_o pleasant_a prospect_n into_o the_o sea_n behold_v afar_o off_o the_o river_n shanon_n fall_v with_o a_o wide_a and_o waste_a mouth_n into_o the_o vergivian_n or_o ocean_n under_o which_o hill_n a_o sept_n of_o fitz-giralds_a or_o giraldines_n live_v honourable_o a_o long_a time_n eliz._n until_o that_o thomas_n call_v the_o knight_n of_o the_o valley_n or_o of_o the_o glin_n when_o his_o graceless_a son_n that_o wicked_a firebrand_n suffer_v death_n for_o to_o set_v village_n and_o house_n a_o fire_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o ireland_n high_a treason_n because_o himself_o advise_v his_o son_n and_o set_v he_o on_o to_o enter_v into_o these_o lewd_a action_n by_o authority_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v disseize_v of_o his_o goodly_a and_o large_a possession_n the_o head_n city_n of_o this_o county_n be_v limerick_n which_o shanon_n a_o most_o famous_a river_n by_o part_v his_o channel_n compass_v round_o about_o the_o irish_a call_v it_o loumeag_n limirick_n and_o
with_o their_o fellow_n of_o the_o counsel_n treat_v upon_o this_o point_n in_o the_o same_o year_n before_o lent_n the_o irish_a of_o leinster_n gather_v themselves_o together_o and_o set_v up_o a_o certain_a king_n namely_o donald_n the_o son_n of_o art_n mac-murgh_a who_o be_v make_v king_n determine_v to_o set_v up_o his_o banner_n two_o mile_n from_o dublin_n and_o afterward_o to_o pass_v through_o all_o the_o land_n of_o ireland_n who_o pride_n and_o malice_n god_n see_v suffer_v he_o to_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o lord_n henry_n traharn_n who_o bring_v he_o to_o the_o salmon_n leap_n &_o have_v of_o he_o 200._o pound_n for_o his_o life_n ransom_n &_o then_o lead_v he_o to_o dublin_n to_o wait_v there_o until_o the_o king_n counsel_n can_v provide_v and_o take_v order_n what_o to_o do_v with_o he_o and_o after_o his_o take_v many_o infortunity_n light_v upon_o the_o irish_a of_o leinster_n to_o wit_n the_o lord_n john_n wellesley_n take_v david_n o-thothiel_a prisoner_n and_o many_o of_o the_o irish_a be_v slay_v the_o same_o year_n adam_n duff_n the_o son_n of_o walter_n duff_n of_o leinster_n and_o of_o the_o kindred_n of_o the_o o-tothiles_a be_v convict_v for_o that_o against_o the_o catholic_a faith_n he_o deny_v the_o incarnation_n of_o jesus_n christ_n and_o hold_v that_o there_o can_v not_o be_v three_o person_n and_o one_o god_n and_o he_o affirm_v that_o the_o most_o bless_a virgin_n mary_n mother_n of_o our_o lord_n be_v a_o harlot_n he_o deny_v also_o the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o dead_a and_o avouch_v that_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n be_v fable_n and_o nothing_o else_o and_o he_o impute_v falsity_n upon_o the_o sacred_a apostolical_a see_n for_o which_o and_o for_o every_o of_o these_o article_n the_o same_o adam_n duff_n be_v pronounce_v a_o heretic_n and_o blasphemer_n whereupon_o the_o same_o adam_n by_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o church_n be_v on_o the_o monday_n after_o the_o outas_n of_o easter_n the_o year_n 1328._o burn_v at_o hoggis_n greene_n by_o dublin_n mcccxxviii_o on_o tuesday_n in_o easter_n week_n thomas_n fitz-john_n earl_n of_o kildare_n and_o justice_n of_o ireland_n die_v after_o who_o succeed_v in_o the_o office_n of_o justice_n friar_n roger_n outlaw_n prior_n of_o kilmaynok_n the_o same_o year_n david_n o-tothil_a a_o strong_a thief_n and_o enemy_n to_o the_o king_n a_o burner_n of_o church_n and_o destroyer_n of_o people_n be_v bring_v forth_o of_o the_o castle_n of_o dublin_n to_o the_o tolstale_a of_o the_o city_n before_o nicolas_n fastoll_n and_o elias_n ashbourne_n justice_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n which_o justice_n give_v he_o his_o judgement_n that_o he_o shall_v first_o be_v draw_v at_o horse_n tail_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n unto_o the_o gallows_n and_o afterward_o be_v hang_v upon_o a_o jebbit_n which_o be_v do_v according_o item_n in_o the_o same_o year_n the_o lord_n moris_n fitz-thomas_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n to_o destroy_v the_o bourkein_n and_o the_o poer_n the_o same_o year_n also_o the_o lord_n william_n bourk_n be_v knight_v at_o london_n on_o whitsunday_n and_o the_o king_n give_v unto_o he_o his_o seignory_n also_o in_o the_o same_o year_n james_n botiller_n in_o england_n espouse_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o be_v create_v earl_n of_o ormund_n who_o before_o be_v call_v earl_n of_o tiperary_n the_o same_o year_n a_o parliament_n be_v hold_v at_o northampton_n where_o many_o of_o the_o lord_n and_o noble_n of_o england_n assemble_v and_o a_o peace_n be_v renew_v between_o scotland_n england_n and_o ireland_n by_o marriage_n between_o they_o and_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n with_o many_o noble_n of_o england_n shall_v go_v to_o barwick_n upon_o tweed_n to_o the_o espousal_n and_o assurance_n make_v the_o same_o year_n after_o the_o say_a espousal_n and_o contract_n make_v at_o berwick_n the_o lord_n robert_n brus_n king_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o lord_n william_n burk_n earl_n of_o ulster_n the_o earl_n of_o menete_v and_o many_o of_o the_o scottish_a nobility_n arrive_v at_o cragfergus_n peaceable_o and_o send_v unto_o the_o justice_n of_o ireland_n and_o to_o the_o counsel_n that_o they_o will_v come_v to_o green_a castle_n to_o treat_v about_o a_o peace_n of_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n now_o because_o the_o say_a justice_n of_o counsel_n fail_v to_o come_v as_o the_o say_a king_n desire_v he_o take_v his_o leave_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o return_v into_o his_o own_o country_n after_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o assumption_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n mary_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n come_v to_o dublin_n unto_o the_o parliament_n and_o there_o stay_v six_o day_n and_o make_v a_o great_a feast_n and_o after_o this_o go_v into_o connaght_n the_o same_o year_n about_o the_o feast_n of_o saint_n katherine_n virgin_n the_o bishop_n of_o osserie_n certify_v the_o king_n counsel_n there_o that_o sir_n arnald_n power_n be_v convict_v before_o he_o upon_o divers_a article_n of_o perverse_a heresy_n whereupon_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o say_a bishop_n the_o say_a sir_n arnald_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o king_n writ_n be_v arrest_v and_o lay_v up_o in_o the_o castle_n of_o dublin_n and_o a_o day_n be_v give_v unto_o the_o bishop_n for_o to_o come_v unto_o dublin_n to_o follow_v the_o foresay_a suit_n and_o action_n against_o the_o foresay_a lord_n arnald_n who_o make_v his_o excuse_n that_o he_o can_v not_o then_o come_v because_o his_o enemy_n lay_v in_o wait_n for_o his_o life_n in_o the_o way_n whereupon_o the_o king_n counsel_n know_v not_o how_o to_o make_v a_o end_n of_o this_o business_n and_o so_o the_o lord_n arnald_n be_v keep_v in_o duresse_n within_o the_o castle_n of_o dublin_n until_o the_o parliament_n follow_v which_o be_v in_o midlent_a where_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o ireland_n be_v present_a in_o the_o same_o year_n friar_n roger_n utlaw_n prior_n of_o the_o hospital_n of_o st._n john_n of_o jerusalem_n in_o ireland_n lord_n justice_n and_o chancellor_n of_o ireland_n be_v disfame_v by_o the_o say_a bishop_n and_o slander_v to_o be_v a_o favourer_n of_o heresy_n a_o counsellor_n also_o and_o a_o better_a of_o the_o say_a lord_n arnold_n in_o his_o heretical_a naughtiness_n and_o because_o his_o person_n be_v thus_o villainous_o delame_v the_o say_a prior_n go_v to_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o king_n and_o put_v up_o a_o petition_n that_o he_o may_v purge_v himself_o whereupon_o they_o of_o the_o king_n counsel_n take_v advice_n and_o upon_o consultation_n have_v grant_v unto_o he_o that_o he_o may_v make_v his_o purgation_n and_o they_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v proclaim_v for_o three_o day_n that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o person_n who_o will_v follow_v suit_n and_o give_v information_n against_o the_o say_a friar_n roger_n he_o may_v come_v in_o and_o put_v in_o his_o pursuit_n but_o no_o man_n be_v find_v to_o follow_v the_o matter_n whereupon_o at_o the_o procurement_n of_o sir_n roger_n the_o friar_n there_o go_v out_o the_o king_n write_v to_o summon_v the_o elder_n of_o ireland_n to_o wit_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n and_o four_o major_n of_o four_o city_n namely_o dublin_n cork_n limerick_n and_o waterford_n and_o of_o tredagh_o also_o the_o sheriff_n and_o seneschal_n yea_o and_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n with_o the_o freeholders_n of_o the_o county_n that_o be_v of_o the_o better_a sort_n for_o to_o repair_v unto_o dublin_n and_o there_o be_v choose_v six_o examiner_n in_o the_o say_a cause_n to_o wit_n m._n william_n rodyard_n deane_n of_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o st._n patrick_n in_o dublin_n the_o abbot_n of_o saint_n thomas_n the_o abbot_n of_o st._n mary_n the_o prior_n of_o holy_a trinity_n church_n in_o dublin_n m._n elias_n lawles_n and_o m._n peter_n willebey_v these_o inquisitour_n convent_v those_o that_o be_v cite_v and_o they_o examine_v every_o one_o several_o by_o himself_o which_o examinat_n all_o upon_o their_o oath_n depose_v that_o he_o be_v honest_a and_o faithful_a a_o zealous_a embracer_n of_o the_o faith_n and_o ready_a to_o die_v for_o the_o faith_n and_o in_o regard_n of_o this_o great_a solemnity_n of_o his_o purgation_n the_o say_a friar_n roger_n make_v a_o royal_a feast_n to_o all_o that_o will_v come_v also_o the_o same_o year_n in_o lent_n die_v the_o say_v l._n arnald_n power_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o dublin_n and_o lay_v a_o long_a time_n unbury_v in_o the_o house_n of_o the_o preach_a friar_n mcccxxix_o after_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o annunciation_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n mary_n the_o noble_n of_o ireland_n come_v unto_o the_o parliament_n at_o dublin_n to_o wit_n the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n the_o lord_n thomas_n fitz-moris_n the_o earl_n of_o louth_n william_n bermingham_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o
be_v fierce_o set_v upon_o by_o mac-carton_n the_o which_o mac-carton_n very_o have_v encounter_v with_o the_o say_a justice_n spoil_v he_o of_o his_o clothes_n money_n utensil_n silver_n plate_n and_o horse_n yea_o and_o slay_v some_o of_o his_o man_n but_o in_o the_o end_n the_o foresay_a justice_n with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o man_n of_o ergale_n get_v the_o victory_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o part_n of_o ulster_n mcccxlv_o the_o seven_o of_o june_n a_o common_a parliament_n be_v hold_v at_o dublin_n unto_o which_o the_o lord_n moris_n fitz_n thomas_n come_v not_o item_n the_o lord_n ralph_n ufford_n justice_n of_o ireland_n after_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n john_n baptist_n with_o the_o king_n standard_n raise_v yet_o without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o elder_n of_o the_o land_n against_o the_o lord_n moris_n fitz-thomas_n earl_n of_o desmond_n march_v forthwith_o into_o monster_n and_o there_o seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n the_o earl_n land_n and_o these_o land_n so_o seize_v let_v out_o to_o farm_n unto_o other_o for_o a_o certain_a yearly_a rent_n to_o be_v carry_v unto_o the_o king_n item_n the_o say_a justice_n be_v in_o the_o part_n of_o monster_n deliver_v unto_o sir_n william_n burton_n knight_n two_o writ_n the_o one_o whereof_o the_o say_v william_n shall_v deliver_v unto_o the_o lord_n moris_n fitz-thomas_n earl_n of_o kildare_n the_o content_n of_o which_o be_v this_o that_o upon_o pain_n of_o forfeit_v all_o his_o land_n he_o shall_v with_o all_o speed_n repair_v unto_o he_o to_o aid_v the_o king_n and_o he_o with_o a_o strong_a power_n now_o in_o the_o other_o write_v contain_v it_o be_v that_o the_o say_a sir_n william_n shall_v apprehend_v the_o say_a earl_n of_o kildare_n and_o so_o apprehend_v commit_v he_o to_o prison_n but_o sir_n william_n see_v that_o this_o can_v not_o possible_o be_v bring_v about_o and_o effect_v according_o by_o himself_o with_o colourable_a word_n frame_v for_o the_o nonce_n persuade_v the_o say_a earl_n while_o he_o be_v prepare_v himself_o with_o his_o army_n and_o levy_v a_o power_n unto_o the_o foresay_a justice_n that_o before_o his_o departure_n out_o of_o the_o country_n he_o shall_v repair_v unto_o the_o king_n counsel_n at_o dublin_n and_o that_o by_o the_o unanimity_n and_o joint_a counsel_n of_o the_o same_o so_o deal_v as_o to_o provide_v for_o the_o safe_a keep_n of_o his_o own_o land_n in_o his_o absence_n and_o if_o after_o that_o any_o hurt_n shall_v befall_v unto_o his_o land_n while_o he_o be_v absent_a it_o shall_v be_v impute_v unto_o the_o king_n counsel_n and_o not_o to_o he_o the_o earl_n therefore_o give_v credit_n unto_o the_o knight_n word_n and_o think_v of_o no_o treacherous_a practice_n in_o this_o behalf_n dispose_v and_o address_v himself_o to_o come_v unto_o dublin_n when_o he_o be_v come_v altogether_o ignorant_a of_o any_o treachery_n towards_o while_o himself_o sit_v in_o consultation_n with_o other_o of_o the_o king_n council_n in_o the_o exchequer-court_n sudden_o he_o be_v by_o the_o say_a sir_n william_n betray_v attach_v or_o arrest_v and_o apprehend_v and_o bring_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o the_o say_a city_n and_o there_o clap_v up_o in_o prison_n item_n the_o say_a justice_n enter_v with_o his_o army_n the_o part_n of_o o._n comill_n in_o monster_n and_o by_o a_o treacherous_a device_n take_v two_o castle_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o desmonds_n to_o wit_n the_o castle_n of_o yniskisty_a and_o the_o castle_n of_o the_o island_n in_o which_o castle_n of_o the_o island_n thus_o take_v the_o knight_n be_v within_o the_o say_a castle_n namely_o sir_n eustacele_n bâ—re_v sir_n william_n grant_v and_o sir_n john_n cotterell_n be_v first_o draw_v and_o afterward_o in_o october_n open_o hang_v until_o they_o be_v dead_a also_o the_o say_a earl_n of_o desmond_n with_o some_o other_o of_o his_o knight_n be_v by_o the_o say_a justice_n banish_v the_o foresay_a justice_n have_v attchieve_v these_o exploit_n in_o monster_n return_v in_o the_o month_n of_o november_n with_o his_o company_n unto_o his_o wife_n then_o great_a with_o child_n remain_v at_o kilmaynon_n which_o be_v near_o to_o dublin_n over_o and_o beside_o those_o thing_n which_o have_v be_v do_v against_o the_o laity_n by_o indite_v and_o emprison_v some_o of_o they_o and_o turn_v they_o out_o of_o their_o good_n he_o also_o cause_v the_o ecclesiastical_a person_n as_o well_o priest_n as_o clerk_n to_o be_v indict_v and_o stand_v indict_v attach_v and_o imprison_v they_o and_o fetch_v no_o small_a sum_n of_o money_n out_o of_o their_o purse_n item_n as_o touch_v the_o grant_n and_o demise_n of_o their_o land_n to_o wit_n who_o before_o he_o have_v deprive_v of_o their_o land_n he_o bestow_v the_o same_o upon_o divers_a tenant_n as_o have_v be_v say_v as_o also_o the_o very_a write_n concern_v those_o grant_n so_o seal_v as_o they_o be_v by_o he_o and_o with_o the_o king_n seal_n he_o revoke_v take_v the_o same_o from_o they_o cancel_v deface_v and_o whole_o annul_v they_o item_n all_o the_o mainpernour_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n of_o desmond_n in_o number_n twenty_o six_o as_o well_o earl_n as_o baron_n knight_n and_o other_o of_o the_o country_n who_o name_n be_v these_o to_o wit_n lord_n william_n burke_n earl_n of_o ulster_n lord_n james_n botiller_n earl_n of_o ormond_n sir_n richard_n tuit_fw-la knight_n sir_n eustace_n le_fw-fr poer_n knight_n sir_n gerald_n de_fw-fr rochfort_n knight_n sir_n john_n fitz-robert_n poer_n knight_n sir_n robert_n barry_n knight_n sir_n moris_n fitz-gerald_n knight_n sir_n john_n wellesley_n knight_n sir_n walter_z lenfaunt_o knight_n sir_n roger_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr rokell_n knight_n sir_n henry_n traharn_n knight_n sir_n roger_n power_n knight_n sir_n john_n lenfaunt_v knight_n sir_n roger_n power_n knight_n sir_n matthew_n fitz-henry_n knight_n sir_n richard_n wallis_n knight_n sir_n edward_n burk_n knight_n the_o son_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n david_n barry_n william_n fitz-gerald_n fulke_n ash_n robert_n fitz-moris_n henry_n barkley_n john_n fitz-george_n roch_n and_o thomas_n de_fw-fr lees_n de_fw-fr burgh_n their_o own_o travel_n and_o proper_a expense_n which_o some_o of_o they_o with_o the_o say_a justice_n in_o his_o war_n have_v be_v at_o and_o in_o pursue_v the_o say_a earl_n of_o desmond_n notwithstanding_o he_o by_o definitive_a sentence_n deprive_v of_o their_o land_n and_o disinherited_a and_o award_v their_o body_n to_o the_o king_n pleasure_n except_v four_o person_n only_o of_o all_o the_o foresay_a surety_n who_o name_n be_v these_o william_n burk_n earl_n of_o ulster_n james_n botiller_n earl_n of_o ormond_n etc._n etc._n mcccxlvi_o upon_o palme-sunday_n which_o fall_v out_o to_o be_v the_o nine_o day_n of_o april_n the_o above_o name_v lord_n ralph_n ufford_n justice_n of_o ireland_n go_v the_o way_n of_o all_o flesh_n for_o who_o death_n his_o own_o dependent_n together_o with_o his_o wife_n sorrow_v not_o a_o little_a for_o who_o death_n also_o the_o loyal_a subject_n of_o ireland_n rejoice_v no_o less_o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n both_o of_o the_o land_n for_o joy_n of_o his_o departure_n out_o of_o this_o life_n with_o merry_a heart_n do_v leap_v and_o celebrate_v a_o solemn_a feast_n of_o easter_n at_o who_o death_n the_o flood_n cease_v and_o the_o distemperature_n of_o the_o air_n have_v a_o end_n and_o in_o one_o word_n the_o common_a sort_n true_o and_o hearty_o praise_v the_o only_a son_n of_o god_n well_o when_o this_o justice_n now_o dead_a be_v once_o fast_o fold_v within_o a_o sheet_n and_o a_o coffin_n of_o lead_n the_o foresay_a countess_n with_o his_o treasure_n not_o worthy_a to_o be_v bestow_v among_o such_o holy_a relic_n in_o horrible_a grief_n of_o heart_n convey_v his_o bowel_n over_o into_o england_n there_o to_o be_v inter_v and_o again_o in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n and_o on_o the_o second_o day_n of_o the_o same_o month_n behold_v a_o prodigious_a wonder_n send_v no_o doubt_n miraculous_o from_o god_n above_o for_o lo_o she_o that_o before_o at_o her_o come_n enter_v the_o city_n of_o dublin_n so_o glorious_o with_o the_o king_n arm_n and_o ensign_n attend_v upon_o with_o a_o number_n of_o soldier_n in_o her_o guard_n and_o train_n along_o the_o street_n of_o the_o say_a city_n and_o so_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o a_o small_a while_n though_o it_o be_v live_v royal_o with_o her_o friend_n about_o she_o like_o a_o queen_n in_o the_o island_n of_o ireland_n now_o at_o her_o go_v forth_o of_o the_o same_o city_n privy_o by_o a_o posternegate_n of_o the_o castle_n to_o avoid_v the_o clamour_n of_o the_o common_a people_n call_v upon_o she_o for_o debt_n in_o she_o retire_v homeward_o to_o her_o own_o country_n depart_v in_o disgrace_n sad_a and_o mournful_a with_o the_o doleful_a badge_n of_o death_n sorrow_n and_o heaviness_n item_n after_o the_o
20_o ratcliff_n earl_n of_o sussex_n 321_o a_o ravenglasse_n 765_o ravensburne_a river_n 326_o ravenswath_n castle_n 730_o b_o read_v a_o family_n 577_o b_o reading_n 284_o readsquire_n a_o mountain_n 802_o a_o reafan_n the_o dane_n banner_n 195_o reach_v a_o town_n 490_o c_o recall_v a_o river_n 722_o d_o reach_z dike_v ib._n reculver_n 335_o b_o redcastle_n or_o castle_n rous_n 594_o d_o redin_n 20_o redhorse_n vale_n 561_o c_o red_n colour_n give_v name_n to_o many_o place_n 525_o d_o redbourne_n 413_o d_o redbridge_n 262_o d_o red_a rose_n and_o white_a for_o lancaster_n and_o york_n 725_o e_o redshankes_o 126_o redvers_fw-la or_o rivers_n earl_n of_o denshire_n 207_o d_o redverses_n or_o de_fw-la ripariis_fw-la 201_o c_o redwald_n king_n of_o the_o east_n saxon_n 465_o c_o reforming_a error_n a_o court_n 180_o reginald_n pole_n his_o commendation_n 216_o b_o religious_a house_n dissolve_v 163_o remney_n ariver_n 631_o b._n 642_o a_o remni_n what_o it_o signify_v 642_o a_o remigius_n bishop_n of_o dorchester_n 539_o c_o rendlesham_n 465_o c_o renimed_n 419_o e_o reptacester_n or_o richborow_n 341_o a_o repton_n 553_o f_o request_n court_n 181_o rerecrosse_n 732_o f_o reuda_n 126_o rheda_n 18_o rhede_a ibid._n rhedec_n ibid._n rhedecfa_n ibid._n rhead_n a_o river_n 802_o a_o rheadsdale_n ibid._n c_o rhediad_n 18_o rhegium_n why_o so_o call_v 347_o d_o rhese_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gruffin_n 623_o a_o rhese_fw-mi ap_fw-mi thomas_n a_o valiant_a knight_n 650_o e_o rhie_n a_o river_n 722_o d_o rhidale_n ibid._n rhia_n baron_n 472_o rhre_n whereof_o so_o call_v 319_o d_o rhodanus_n 21_o rutupina_n littora_fw-la wat_fw-mi they_o be_v 342_o ribel_n a_o river_n 749_o d_o ribelchester_n 750_o b_o ribald_a l'isle_n 485_o f_z ricall_fw-mi 707_o d_o richard_n the_o second_o renounce_v the_o crown_n 680_o d_o richard_n duke_n of_o york_n claim_v the_o crown_n 725_o b_o richard_n a_o renown_a earl_n of_o cornwall_n 197_o d._n his_o death_n and_o sepulchre_n his_o son_n henry_n murder_v 197_o f_o richard_n coeur_fw-fr de_fw-fr lion_n 380_o a_o richard_n the_o three_o a_o bad_a man_n and_o a_o good_a prince_n 212_o a_o richard_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n a_o usurper_n 369_o f._n his_o practice_n to_o win_v the_o crown_n 370_o richard_n the_o first_o his_o praise_n 285_o richard_n the_o second_o his_o relic_n translate_v to_o westminster_n 414_o f_o richard_n king_n of_o roman_n etc._n etc._n 414_o richborow_n 341_o a_o richborow_a decay_a ibid._n f_o riches_n baron_n 441_o d_o richard_n lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n 445_o richards_n castle_n 619_o e_o richmond_n shire_n 727_o richmond_n town_n 729_o f_o richmond_n earles_n 733_o richmond_n the_o king_n house_n 297_o richmond_n a_o family_n 778_o a_o rickmansworth_n 415_o c_o rising_n castle_n 481_o c_o risingham_n 803_o d_o rith_n what_o it_o signify_v 486_o a_o river_n have_v divine_a honour_n 602_o heap_v upon_o they_o 698_o a_o robert_n bridge_n 320_o c_o robert_n earl_n of_o leicester_n 466_o c_o robert_n crouchbacke_n earl_n of_o leicester_n 519_o f_o robert_n consul_n or_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n 368_o d_o robert_n fitz_n haimon_n 359_o d_o robin_n hood_n 693_o a_o robin_n hood_n bay_n 718_o c_o roch_n a_o river_n 745_o f_o roch_n dale_n a_o town_n ibid._n rochester_n a_o castle_n 802_o c_o rochester_n city_n 332_o c_o rochester_n or_o roffe_n a_o family_n 405_o d_o rochfort_n town_n and_o hundred_o rochfort_n baron_n ibid._n rochfort_n viscount_n ibid._n rockingham_n castle_n and_o forest_n 513_o rock-savage_a 610_o a_o roden_n a_o river_n 594_o c_o rode_a a_o river_n 440_o b_o roger_n the_o magnificent_a bishop_n of_o salisbury_n 243_o a_o rogerse_n knight_n 215._o ibid._n roise_n a_o lady_n 405_o b_o roiston_n ibid._n roise_n cross_a ibid._n rolrich_n stone_n 374_o c_o rollo_n the_o norman_a 144_o his_o dream_n and_o conversion_n 144_o the_o roll_n of_o winchester_n 153_o rome_n call_v constantina_n 85_o romania_n 24_o romeswork_n 343_o f_o roman_n foil_v and_o massacre_v in_o britain_n 51_o roman_a empire_n in_o britain_n at_o a_o end_n 87_o roman_n in_o britain_n 34_o romescot_n 411_o a_o romara_n a_o norman_a earl_n of_o lincoln_n 544_o e_o roos_n baron_n 532_o f_o rosamund_n clifford_n king_n henry_n the_o second_o his_o paramor_n 375_o rosamunds_n bone_n translate_v and_o afterward_o reduce_v again_o 376_o c_o rose_n red_a and_o white_a for_o lancaster_n and_o york_z 725_o e_o rosse_n 190.714_o a_o rosseland_n 190_o rosse_n in_o penbrochshire_n 652_o d_o rosse_n in_o cardiganshire_n 657_o c_o rosse_o baron_n 714_o a_o rosebery_n topping_n 721_o d_o rose_n castle_n 778_o c_o rota_n temporum_fw-la that_o be_v the_o wheel_n of_o time_n a_o history_n 790_o b_o rother_n a_o river_n 320_o a_o rotherfield_n ibid._n rotherham_n 689_o e_o rotherham_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 689_o e_o rowcliff_n castle_n 781_o c_o rouchester_n 809_o e_o round_n table_n 265_o b_o rowles_n in_o london_n 428_o c_o rousses_n a_o family_n 467_o c_o routon_n castle_n 592_o e._n 662_o rugby_n 562_o rudheath_n sanctuary_n 609_o a_o ruff_n fish_n 476_o c_o rugemond_n or_o richmont_n grey_n in_o bedfordshire_n 734_o d_o rugemont_n 204_o c_o rumalds_n shrine_n 396_o d_o rumford_n 441_o f_o rumon_n 199_o e_o rumney_n marsh_n 350_o b_o rumney_n town_n ibid._n runkhorne_n 510_o d_o rushbrooke_n 461_o d_o rushton_n 509_o f_o russel_n lord_n russel_n of_o thornaugh_n 514_o c_o russel_n knight_n 578_o e_o russel_n earles_n of_o bedford_n 394_o e_fw-la 403_o ruthin_n 676._o ruthlan_n 679_o f_o rutlandshire_n 525._o why_o so_o call_v 525_o b_o c_o d_o rutland_n earles_n 426_o f_z rutter_n what_o they_o be_v 812_o b_o s_o sabridgeworth_n 408_o c_o sacae_n 129._o sacasone_n ibid._n sadlier_n 408_o a_o sacvil_a earl_n of_o dorset_n and_o chancellor_n of_o oxford_n 382_o saer_n de_fw-fr quincy_n earl_n of_o winchester_n 521_o a_o salisbury_n church_n 248_o a_o b_o saffron_n 453_o a_o salisbury_n earles_n 249_o c_o salarin_n a_o custom_n or_o impost_n for_o salt_n 608_o a_o salisbury_n for_o sarisbury_n 246_o f_o salisbury_n hall_n 750_o c_o salkeld_n town_n 777_o e._n and_o a_o family_n 778_o a_o salmon_n the_o best_a call_v umbrae_n 627_o salmon_n leap_v in_o penbrochshire_n 6â—4_n e_o salndie_n or_o sandie_n 401_o b_o salston_n 48_o e_o salt_n make_v 268_o b_o e_o salt_n esse_fw-la 196_o salt_n hill_n 529_o e_o salt_n artificial_o make_v 753_o b_o salt_n stone_n 739_o d_o saltpits_n 573_o b_o c_o saltry_n abbey_n 500_o b_o salt_n pit_n in_o cheshire_n 608_o a_o b_o salustius_n lucullus_n in_o britain_n 62_o saltwood_n castle_n 349_o c_o salwarp_n a_o river_n 574_o d_o salmond_n or_o s._n amands_n 283_o c_o samond_n or_o s._n amands_n baron_n 244_o a._n 366_o e_o samothea_n 24_o sampire_n grow_v abundant_o 434_o a_o sandal_n castle_n 693_o d_o the_o sand_n part_n of_o notinghamshire_n 550_o a_o sandalum_fw-la 19_o sandgate_n castle_n 349_o e_o sandiacre_n or_o s._n diacre_n 555_o d_o sands_n baron_n 269_o b_o &_o e_fw-la sandon_n 343_o a_o sandy_a see_v saludica_fw-la sanctuary_n 260_o sandwich_n 342_o sanguelac_n 317_o e_o sapcots_n a_o family_n 501_o e_fw-la sarasins-head_n 695_o a_o sarmatian_n be_v scythian_n 121_o sarn_n helen_n a_o portway_n in_o wales_n 666_o a_o sasson_n 23_o saxon_a language_n maintain_v by_o lecture_n 200_o a_o english-saxons_a call_v into_o britain_n 100.127_o saxon_n 119._o their_o valour_n and_o cruelty_n 134_o saturn_n well_o affect_v to_o britain_n 556_o e_o savages_n a_o great_a family_n 610_o a_o saulden_n 396_o c_o scarborough_n castle_n 717_o scardale_n 556_o a_o schilpor_n see_v esquire_n 176_o scaeva_n his_o valour_n and_o advancement_n 37_o scalbie_n castle_n 782_o e_o scilicester_n in_o the_o wall_n 806_o b_o scipio_n africanus_n where_o bury_v 340_o a_o sclate-stone_n dig_v 514_o d_o scorby_n or_o scurvie-grasse_n 328_o b_o scordium_n a_o herb_n grow_v plenteous_o 491_o f_o scoteney_n a_o barony_n 542_o c_o scottishman_n of_o east-scotland_n right_a english-saxons_a 129_o their_o fashion_n 133_o scot_n will_v or_o highlandmens_n habit_n sort_n well_o with_o the_o goth_n 123_o scot_n whence_o they_o take_v name_n 119_o scot_n of_o west_n scotland_n be_v highland_n man_n ibid._n scot_n come_v first_o out_o of_o ireland_n 120_o scot_n when_o they_o come_v to_o be_v of_o name_n 125_o scot_n what_o it_o signify_v 124_o scot_n a_o family_n 349_o scotus_n aliâs_fw-la duns_n 814_o b_o his_o pitiful_a death_n ibid._n scovy_n 20_o screke_v ham_n 535_o c_o screven_n a_o place_n and_o family_n 700_o scroby_n 551_o b_o scropes_n baron_n 729_o b_o scruffel_n hill_n 767_o e_fw-la scudamore_n a_o family_n 621_o a_o sculton_n 473_o a_o scutary_n 176_o scythica_n vallis_fw-la 120_o scythian_n in_o spain_n 121_o scythicum_n a_o promontory_n in_o spain_n 121_o seaton_n 206_o e_o sea_n holly_n see_v eryngium_n sea_n hear_v to_o groan_v 720_o c_o sea_n sand_n good_a for_o ground_n 199_o c_o
river_n or_o guash_n 525_o e_o wash_v a_o dangerous_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n 480_o d_o washburnes_n village_n and_o family_n 577_o d_o waste_v 806_o a_o waterfall_n 730_o c_o water_n divide_v 399_o c_o water_n germander_n see_v scordium_n watford_n 415_o a_o watchtower_n erect_v by_o c._n caligula_n 40_o watlesbury_n 592_o f_o watling-street_n highway_n 64_o watling-street_n a_o town_n 593_o waveney_n a_o river_n 467_o d_o waver_v a_o river_n 773_o b_o wauburn_n 479_o a_o wauburnham_n ibid._n weable_o 620_o b_o weable_o ale_n ibid._n weald_n in_o kent_n 329_o d_o weare_n a_o town_n 205_o c_o wear_v the_o decay_n of_o excester_n haven_n 205_o c_o weddesborrow_n 581_o f_o wedensday_n 135_o weedon_n in_o the_o street_n 508_o c_o weimouth_n 211_o b_o will_n ebb_v and_o flow_v 558_o c_o welles_n medicinable_a 497_o d_o welch_n poole_n a_o town_n 662_o b_o welles_n baron_n 541_o e._n 542_o b_o welles_n viscount_n 542_o welles_n the_o city_n 223_o d_o welland_n river_n 505_o b_o welledon_n 514_o d_o welhop_n a_o riveret_n 738_o c_o wellingborow_n 509_o f_o wenlock_n 591_o e_o wemme_n 594_o c_o wenman_v a_o family_n 384_o a_o go_v a_o river_n 690_o f_o wentsbeck_n a_o river_n 812_o b_o wentsdale_n 727_o e_o wentworth_n a_o place_n and_o family_n 689_o e_o wentworth_v baron_n 463_o c_o weorth_o what_o it_o signify_v 582_o be_v a_o river_n 738_o werburga_n or_o warburga_n a_o holy_a virgin_n 508_o c._n 583_o werburgs_n church_n in_o chester_n 605_o werith_n what_o colour_n 26_o werke_n castle_n 815_o a_o werlam_n or_o verlam_n city_n in_o great_a distress_n 51_o werlam-street_n 64_o werminster_n 245_o c_o werywall_n 754_o d_o west_n baron_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr ware_n 312_o d_o 746_o b_o westminster_n sometime_o thorney_n 428_o e_o westminster_n church_n 428_o f_o monument_n therein_o 429_o f_o westminster_n hall_n 431_o e_o westmoreland_n 759_o westmoreland_n earl_n 763_o d_o westride_v 489_o d_o west_n saxon_n bring_v the_o heptarchy_n to_o a_o monarchy_n 138_o westâ—_n sexenlage_n 153._o 159_o west_n saxon_n kingdom_n 294_o c_o west_n wales_n 647_o b_o west_n weal_n 184_o wetherby_n 699_o a_o wetherill_n 778_o a_o wever_n a_o river_n 601_o e_o wever_n a_o hill_n 586_o f_o wey_n river_n 294_o e_o whaddon_n 396_o d_o wiatts_n a_o family_n 331_o e_o wyatt_n his_o unfortunate_a end_n ibid._n e_o wic_n what_o it_o signify_v 326.355_o wiceii_fw-la 354_o f._n 573_o d_o wiche_n that_o be_v salt_n pit_n 573_o b_o which_o a_o town_n 575_o b_o which_o wood_n forest_n 374_o b_o which_o a_o learned_a canonist_n 575_o a_o wichliff_n die_v 517_o f_o wickham_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n 265_o e._n his_o praise_n 266_o c._n d_o his_o equivocant_fw-la mot_fw-fr 288_o d_o wicombe_n or_o wickham_n a_o town_n 393_o d_o widdevile_n or_o woodvill_n a_o family_n 506_o c_o widdevill_n lord_n rivers_n ibid._n d_o earl_n rivers_n ibid._n high_a constable_n of_o england_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n behead_v ibid._n e_o widdevill_n earl_n river_n 405_o e_o wie_z river_n 358_o e._n 618_o a_o a_o wife_n demise_v to_o another_o 312_o f_o wigenhall_n 481_o b_o wight_n isle_n 273_o c._n etc._n etc._n why_o so_o call_v ibid._n the_o lord_n thereof_o 276_o c._n d_o wiggin_n 749_o c_o wigmore_n 619_o c_o wigton_n 774_o b_o wilberhams_n or_o wilburhams_n a_o family_n 607_o d_o wilberham_n 490_o b_o a_o wild_a man_n catch_v in_o the_o sea_n 466_o a_o wilfride_n bishop_n 275_o d._n 308_o c_o wilfride_n archbishop_n of_o york_n 700_o c_o wilfreed_n needle_n ibid._n c_o willebrode_o ah_o learned_a englishman_n 137_o willey_n or_o willeley_n 591_o d_o a_o river_n and_o village_n 245_o e._n 246_o wharton_n castle_n 701_o d_o wheallep_n castle_n 701_o d_o wheathamsted_n 406_o e_o john_n of_o wheathamsted_n ibid._n f_o wherfe_n the_o river_n 696_o d._n why_o so_o call_v ibid._n f_o whetston_n 339_o c_o whitehart_n forest_n 213_o f_o whereupon_o so_o call_v 214_o a_o whitehart_n silver_n ibid._n whitchurch_n in_o shropshire_n 598_o whitgaraburge_n 275_o c_o whitgift_n archbishop_n of_o caterbury_n 542_o d._n his_o good_a deed_n 302_o b_o whitby_n 718_o b_o white_n hall_n the_o king_n house_n 432_o whitham_n 446_o b_o whitehorse_n vale_n 279_o c_o whitney_n a_o place_n and_o family_n 618_o whitsan_n 348_o b_o white_n spur_n 176_o whittington_n 598_o b_o whorwel_n 262_o a_o william_n of_o newborough_n 8_o william_n or_o wilcock_n of_o mouthwy_a 665_o william_n of_o york_n 695_o c_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n 242_o f_o william_n long-espee_a 145_o 249_o d_o slay_v near_o damiata_n 249_o e_o william_n the_o bastard_n or_o conqueror_n 145._o his_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n ibid._n where_o he_o land_v 316_o e._n invade_v england_n 145_o he_o fight_v with_o king_n harald_n ibid._n f._n swear_v to_o keep_v all_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o england_n 414_o c._n be_v inaugurate_v king_n 152_o disavow_v his_o title_n and_o conquest_n 152._o his_o behaviour_n present_o upon_o victory_n 152._o his_o seal_n ibid._n he_o enact_v excellent_a law_n 153_o his_o policy_n to_o root_v out_o and_o weaken_v the_o english_a 152_o williams_n of_o tame_a 384_o a_o willibourne_n a_o river_n 245_o d_o willimot_n wick_n 801_o e_o willoford_n 785_o c_o willoughby_n freeze_v to_o death_n in_o a_o voyage_n 555_o d_o willoughbye_n baron_n of_o brook_n 244_o c._n 577_o b_o willoughbies_n baron_n 465.541_o e_o willoughby_n of_o parrham_n 543_o d_o willoughby_n earl_n of_o vandosme_n 54r_n willoughby_n knight_n 547_o c_o wiltshire_n 241_o wiltshire_n earl_n 256_o d._n e_o wilton_n a_o town_n 246_o c_o wilton_n castle_n 621_o a._n 721_o a_o wimundham_n or_o windham_n 473_o d_o wimundham_n in_o leicestersh_fw-mi 522_o wimondly_n 406_o c_o winander_fw-ge mere_n 755_o b_o winburne_n what_o it_o signify_v 216_o a_o winburne_n minster_n 215_o e_o wincaunton_n 221_o d_o winchelcombe_n town_n &_o abbey_n 365_o d_o winchelsey_n 319_o b_o winchel_n see_v over_o old_a winchester_n 809_o e._n 269_o a_o winchester_n 262_o winchester_n bishop_n 265_o e_o winchester_n tower_n in_o windsor_n castle_n 288_o d_o winchester_n earles_n and_o marquess_n 267_o b._n d_o winchindon_n 395_o f_o windesor_n baron_n 289_o a._n 320â—_n â—_z windesor_n a_o family_n 419_o c_o windesor_n town_n 286_o d._n e_o windsor_n castle_n 288_o d_o windlesor_n forest_n 293_o b_o windrush_n river_n 374_o a_o wingfeld_v in_o darbyshire_n 555_o e_o winfeilds_n knight_n 512_o a_o winifrid_n a_o learned_a englishman_n 137._o the_o apostle_n of_o germany_n 203._o d_o winkles_n or_o cockle_n on_o hil-top_n 727_o c_o winster_n a_o river_n 760_o a_o winterton_n a_o cape_n 478_o d_o winwidfield_n 694_o e_o winwicke_n 748_o b_o wip_v fleet_n 340_o a_o wire_n a_o river_n 753_o a_o wire-dale_n ibid._n wirkington_n 769_o wirral_n 601_o e._n 606_o d_o wiske_n a_o river_n 723_o e_o withburga_n a_o saint_n 482_o a_o witherington_n or_o woderington_n a_o castle_n and_o name_n of_o a_o martial_a family_n 812_o e_o wittlesmere_n 500_o d_o witton_n a_o castle_n 738_o c_o wiza_n a_o riveret_n 773_o b_o wye_n a_o town_n in_o kent_n 335_o d_o woad_n 19_o woburn_n 401_o e_o woden_n 241_o d_o woden_n a_o saxon_n god_n 135_o woderington_n see_v witherington_n wold_n in_o leicestershire_n 523._o a_o wollaton_n 547_o woodvil_n see_v widvil_n wolpher_n a_o pagan_a king_n kill_v his_o two_o son_n 583._o become_v a_o christian_a 512._o d_o wolsey_n cardinal_n a_o butcher_n son_n 469_o c_o wollover_n 815_o c_o wolstane_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n canonize_v a_o saint_n 576_o d_o wolvehunt_n a_o family_n 556_o d_o wolverton_n a_o town_n and_o family_n 397_o wolf_n destroy_v 665_o wondy_n 634_o c_o woodbridge_n 465_o d_o wooden_a how_o portray_v 135_o woodhall_n 407_o woodham_n walter_n 446_o b_o woodland_n a_o part_n of_o warwickshire_n 561_o b_o woodnoths_n 607_o e_o woodstock_n 375_o d_o wooton_n basset_n 242_o a_o woodrising_n 473_o a_o worcestershire_n 573_o worcester_n 575_o c_o worcester_n earles_n 578_o f_o workensopl_n 550_o f_o workesworth_n 556_o e_o world_n how_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v people_v 11_o wormhill_n 556_o d_o wormleighton_n 561_o d_o wormgay_n or_o wrongey_n 481_o e_o worsted_n a_o town_n 478_o c_o worsted_n stuff_n whence_o so_o call_v 478_o c_o wortley_n a_o place_n and_o family_n 689_o wotton_n under_o wever_n 586_o wotton_n a_o family_n and_o baron_n wotton_n of_o merlay_v 331_o a_o wotton_n under_o edge_n 364_o c_o will_v what_o they_o be_v 364â—_n â—_z wragby_n 540_o e_o wreak_n a_o river_n 517_o b_o wreken_fw-mi a_o river_n in_o leicestershire_n 522_o c_o wreken_fw-mi a_o hill_n 593_o d_o wreshill_n castle_n 710_o a_o wrexham_n 677_o b_o wriothesleys_n or_o writhosley_n earl_n of_o southamton_n 273_o a_o wringcheese_n 19â—_n writtle_n a_o large_a parish_n 445_o e_o wrotesley_n or_o wrothesley_n a_o place_n and_o family_n 581_o d_o wroxcester_n 593_o b_o wroxhall_n 566_o d_o wulfrune_n a_o devout_a woman_n 581_o wulfrune_n