Selected quad for the lemma: city_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
city_n	castle_n	great_a	town_n	4,680	4	6.5133	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A60373	Theatrum Scotiæ containing the prospects of Their Majesties castles and palaces : together with those of the most considerable towns and colleges, the ruins of many ancient abbeys, churches, monasteries and convents, within the said kingdom : all curiously engraven on copper plates, with a short description of each place / by John Slezer ...	Slezer, John, d. 1714.; Sibbald, Robert, Sir, 1641-1722.; Trenchard, John, Sir, 1640-1695.	1693 (1693)	Wing S3993; ESTC R19602	30,193	141

Largeness of its Precincts the Number and Opulency of its Inhabitants and Dignity of its Rulers By the most ancient Inhabitants it was called Dun Eden by the Latins Edinodunum and by the Germans Edinburghen all which signifie the same thing Dun Eden signifies a Town upon a Hill or rather a City of the Edeni situated on a Hill The Edeni are those who by Ptolemy are termed Ottodeni which Word as some Learned Men think was mistaken for Scottodeni the two first Letters Sc being worn out with Time For near to this City is Curia Ottodenorum whose Name remains to this Day in a Village Four Miles West from the City called Currie And two Miles West from the Town is Corstopitum which also was among the Ottodeni which is a Village commonly called Corstorfin Ptolomy calls this Place 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Castrum alatum the Winged Castle which is not so called from that kind of Wings which the Greek Builders as says Vitruvius call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which are double Walls so rising to the Height that they resemble Wings For it is likely there was no regular building in that Place at that time but that they were such as by the Poet Juvenal are called Castella Brigantum which sort of Castles we may see described by Tacitus Annal. Lib. XII where he says That upon high Mountains and other Places of difficult Access he built up Stones in Form of a Fence where the River did run on a slippery Ford. Now these Fences of Stone were nothing else but Stones cast together without Mortar which is also clear from the same Author in the fore-cited Place where he says The Souldiers holding their Bucklers over their Heads for a Defence pulled down the unwrought and ill-built Stones which could not have been so easily done if they had not been cast together without Mortar And certainly our Ancestors chose out this as a very fit Place for a Fort of that Nature For the Hill where the Castle stands is exceeding steep and craggy and the Ascent very difficult except where it looks to the East which Part they fortified with Stones cast together as before The Ascent on which the City now stands had and yet hath upon the North-side a standing Pool which is commonly called the North-Loch Upon the South-side of the Hill there was likewise another standing-Pool called the South-Loch The Verity of which the Rights and Leases of some Houses of St. Ninian's Row do testifie which are let with the Privilege of a Boat annexed and these two Lochs or Lakes bounded the City upon these two Sides as the North-Loch does it at this Day upon the North-side but the South-Loch was drained a Hundred Years ago and upon the Banks thereof are built two several Tracts of Houses between which in the Place where the Loch it self stood is a Street called the Cowgate And so the Breadth of the City toward the South is far extended beyond its former Limits as likewise the Length thereof toward the West is much enlarged for the Grass Market and Horse Market are now within the City-Wall The Reason why this Place is called Castrum Alatum or The winged Castle is to be taken from the very Nature of the Place For besides the Lakes on both sides there are two Hills near the Rock on which the Castle stands viz. Sarisbury and Neils Craigs so named from the sometime Owners thereof which in a manner resemble Wings as is easily perceived Coming to the City from the South-East by the Sea Side for then these Rocks appear like Wings stretched forth and the Rock on which the Castle stands like the Head of a Bird with a Tuft And this is the genuine Derivation of the Word I know there are some learned Persons who will have Ptolomy's Castrum Alatum to be in another part of the Country and not to be Edinodunum seeing he makes his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to be amongst the Vacomagi but Ptolomy must be born with in all his Mistakes of the Situation of Places here for being an Egyptian living in Alexandria and forced to take things upon Trust and follow the Relation of others it is no Wonder if he be sometimes mistaken The greater Part of the City is built upon the Ascent and it is very probable that the Castle has been the Cause of Building the City For first the Neighbours have built a few Houses near the Castle that under the Reach thereof they might be defended from the Injuries of their Enemies The Number of the People growing apace the Number of the Houses likewise encreased and stretched forth to the very Foot of the Ascent toward the East by which the City together with the Suburbs of the Canon-gate and King's Palace is become one entire Scotch Mile in length but in breadth it is less by the half notwithstanding the Suburbs be included The High Street from the Castle to the Abbey is adorned with stately Buildings which are of late made of hewen Stone since that by an Act of the Town-Council it hath been prohibited for the frequent burnings which happened to build any more Timber-Houses either in the City or Suburbs The great Breadth of the High Street and of the many Lanes which lie on each side the same from the North to the South which send up the Air as it were in Pipes into the High Street and the Nearness of the two Hills called Neils Craigs on the North and Sarisbury Craigs on the South do always refresh the Town with Air which conduces not a little to the Wholesomeness hereof and it was never heard that the Plague raged in it except brought in thither by infected Wares Which Purity of the Air is daily encreased since the Time that excellent fresh Water was brought into the City from a Fountain three Miles distant from the same and that by a most wise Act of the Council all Nastiness is removed The City is enclosed with a kind of an Old Roman Wall on every side except towards the North where the North-Loch does secure it instead of a Wall The City is entered by six Gates or Ports Two of which are to the East two to the South one to the West and one lately made to the North. One of the Gates to the East is called the Netherbow which in the Year 1616 was magnificently rebuilt being the chief Gate of the City adorned with Towers on both sides The other Gate to the East is called the Cowgate Port through which there is an Entry into the Nether Street of the length of the whole City and is called the Cowgate The Eastmost of these Gates to the South through which is an Entry into the City is called the Potter-Row Port from the Suburb called the Potter-Row The Westmost of these is called the Society Port properly the Brewer's Port. They have a great square Court in that Place with Buildings and brave Houses round about it to the very Walls of the

for the Town stands upon the Descent of a steep Rock at the Foot of which there runs a deep River call'd Boderia or Forth It takes its Name from the Saxon Word Ster which signifies a Hill and Lin a Water It was of old called Binobara which by some is judged to be Ptolomy's Vindovara For Bin in our old Language signifies a Hill and Vara a River So that the Name which the Town now retains is the Signification of the old Name thereof At the Head of the Town stands a well fortified Castle adorned with stately Buildings in the former Age by King James the V. This is the Place as Tacitus observes where Clyde and Forth being carried back divide from one another For a great way they are separated by a small Neck of Land which was then strengthned by a Garrison and all that Isthmus was possessed by Soldiers the Enemies being removed as it were into another Island the Inscription on a Stone below the Castle toward the Bridge which makes mention of a Wing of the Army that kept Watch there seeming to intimate as much And although the Romans did several times infest some Places beyond it by their Inroads yet the Strength and Glory of the Roman Name had its Bound in this Place The King's Park lies at the very Foot of the Castle and the City stands on the Back of a Hill toward the South It is enclosed with a Wall and toward the North it is bounded with the River Forth which crossed by a Bridge in that Place The Bridge is of hewen Stone and fortified with an Iron-Gate It consists of four stately Arches and lies South and North. The Ships at full Tide come up to the Bridge and the Haven is a little below the same The Church which is of hewen Stone built very artificially stands in the Upper Part of the Town toward the East adorned with a very high Tower Not far from the Church may be seen the Mansions of the Earls of Argyle and Marr notable both for their Bigness and Artifice of their Structure The Earl of Marr is Governour of this Castle by Heritage It hath a competent Number of Great Ordnance for defending the Passage of the Bridge and a sufficient Garrison established for its Security In times of Trouble the Chief Magazine of the Nation is usually transported to this Place it lying upon a considerable Pass and almost in the Center of the Kingdom As this City stands in a most commodious Place for Commerce so it hath a most delectable and pleasant Prospect by the great and various Windings of the River Forth which are so extraordinary that from the Bridge of Stirling to the Town of Allowa it is 24 Miles by Water and but 4 by Land ALLOWA a Town in Clackmannon-shire and seems to be the same Ptolomy calls Allauna is situated on a pleasant Plain to the North of Forth and hath a convenient Harbour for Ships of Burthen many of which come thither for Salt and Coals Here the Earl of Marr Chief of the Areskins hath a pleasant Dwelling with a Wood adjacent ARCTURI JONSTONI de STERLINO Carmen STERLINO quis digna canat Cunabula Reges Hic sua securis imposuere jugis Aura salutifera est facit hoc vicinia coeli Nec datur à saevo tutior hoste locus Adspicis hic geminis structas in rupibus arces Tectaque Tarpeii turribus aequa Jovis Fortha triumphales hic dum fugit excipit arcus Cogitur curvo subdere colla jugo Haud aliter Phrygiis ludit Maeander in oris Saepe fluit trepida saepe recursat aqua Orbe pererrato levis huc vestigia flectens Advena miratur ruris urbis opes Admiranda quidem sunt haec carmine digna Plus tamen hic virtus martia laudis habet Non semel Ausonios Sterlinum reppulit enses Limes imperii quem bibit amnis erat De STERLINO J. JONSTONI Carmen REgia sublimis celsa despectat ab arce Pendula sub biferis maenia structa jugis Regum augusta Parens Regum nutricula natis Hinc sibi Regifico nomine tota placet Hospita sed cuivis quovis sub nomine amicus Sive es seu non es Hospes an Hostis item Pro lucro cedit damnum disordia tristis Heu quoties procerum sanguine tinxit humum Hoc uno infaelix at faelix caetera nusquam Laetior aut coeli frons geniusve soli To the Right Honourable GEORGE Earl of Linlithgow Lord Levingston and Callander c. One of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury and One of their Majesties Most Honourable Privy Council LINLITHGOW IS the same which Ptolomy calls Lindum so named for its being situated on the side of a Lake The King's Palace stands on a little Hill towards the middle of the said Lake in which there lies an Island which ascends with several Stairs in the Form of an Amphitheater This Palace is Magnificently built of hewen Stone begun by the former Kings and perfected by King James the VI. It consists of Four Towers between which the Court the Chapel and the rest of the Buildings are extended The Porch bears the Name and Arms of King James the V. In the Inner Court there is a very artificial Fountain adorned with several Statues and Water-Works Close by the Palace is a Church commonly called St. Michael's of a most excellent Structure with a very high Steeple to which the late Earl of Linlithgow added an extraordinary neat Chapel There is a small and easie Descent from the Palace to the Town where is to be seen a large Four-square Court in the middle of which there is another curious Fountain exceeding in all Respects that which is in the Inner Court of the Palace On the South side of this Court is the Tolbooth which is very neatly built of hewen Stone having a very high Steeple with Bells and a very fine Clock In this Tolbooth the Sheriff and Town-Magistrates keep their Courts There is a large Street reaches from the one end of the Town to the other which is adorned on every Side with fair Buildings from each side of which Street divers Lanes do break out which open a Passage into several pleasant Gardens The Lake it self is a Mile in length and a quarter of a Mile over and abounds with Perch and other sorts of Fish On the North side hereof lies the King's Park This Town hath a Harbour for all sorts of Ships near the Castle of Blackness where there is a large Custom-House built with other Houses for the Use of Merchants The Earl of Linlithgow is Hereditary Keeper of the Palace and the King's Baily in that Place De LIMNUCHO Carmen ARCTURI JONSTONI NObile Limnuchum est Pario de marmore templum Hic nitet impensae non mediocris opus Aemula sunt templi turrita palatia Regis Et Praetio superant Solis utramque domum Proximus est urbi nullo lacus aggere

City The West-Gate at the other End of the City lying beneath the Castle affords an Entry from the Suburb of the same Name The North-Gate which was last made at the Lower End of the North-Loch is twofold the Inner and the Outer Port through which there is an Entry into the City from the Suburb called the Mutter's Hill There are two Streets extending the whole length of the Town The chief Street which is also called the Higher is one of the broadest in Europe From it there run many Lanes on both sides The Nether or Lower Street hath also many Lanes running to the South In the very middle of the City there is a Cathedral Church which is called St. Giles's Church of such Largeness that it is divided into three Churches every one of which has its own Parish It is built of hewen Stone adorned with Pillars and Vaultings of Stone In the middle it forms a perfect Cross by four Parts of this Church meeting together and they support a stately high Tower with a Top of curious Workman-ship representing an Imperial Crown Beside this Cathedral Church there are in the City The South-Church called the Gray-Friars Church which stands in the middle of the common Burial-place Many Tombs and Monuments do surround the Church-Yard amongst which that of Sir George Mackenzy does appear like a Mausolaeum There is also a Church of square hewen Stone with a Tower built in the Year 1641 which is called the Trone-Church The Collegiate-Church of the Sacred Trinity was built by Mary of Gueldres King James the second 's Queen where also she lies interred Near to this Church is the Hospital of St. Thomas in which the poorer sort of Inhabitants both Men and Women are maintained splendidly enough and have their own proper Chaplain Over-against this Church is the Correction-House commonly called Paul's Work in which there are divers Manufacturies of Linen Wooll and Silk where dissolute Persons are forced to earn their Living with their Labour The Lady Yester's Church was built by one of the Lady Yesters who also left a Summ of Money for maintaining a good and able Man to preach and perform Divine Service therein Besides these Churches there are two Chapels in the City that of St. Magdalen's in the Cowgate and St. Mary's in Nedries Wind. There is another Chapel of the same Name at the Foot of the Cannon-Gate as likewise several Meeting-Houses lately built both in the City and Suburbs About the middle of the Cannon-Gate upon the North-side of it there is built within these Five Years a very beautiful Church and a considerable Piece of Ground inclosed for a Church-Yard by a Mortification made by Sir Thomas Moodie of Sachten-Hall for that Purpose Near unto the Cathedral Church is the Parliament-House where the three Estates of the Kingdom do convene It stands in a great Court the North-side whereof is bounded by the Church it self the West-side is inclosed by the Council-House where the Town-Council assembles the South-side is inclosed by the Sessions-House where the Judges and Lords of Session sit to give Justice to the People In the upper Part of this Building are the Privy-Council and Exchequer-Chambers The rest of the South and East-side of this Court is inclosed with the Upper and Lower Exchange and with a Tract of most stately Buildings Here is one of the highest Houses in the World mounting seven Stories above the Parliament-Court and being built upon a great Descent of the Hill the back Part of it is as far below it so that from the Bottom to the Top One Stair-Case ascends 14 Stories high In the middle of the Court is the Statue of King Charles the II. in Brass erected upon a stately Pedestal at the Charge of the City of Edinburgh About Twenty Years ago the said Magistrates were at a vast Expence also to bring one of the best Springs in Scotland into the City by Leaden Pipes from a Hill above Three Miles distant from it and they have erected several stately Fountains in the middle of the High Street to serve the Town with Water In Gray's Close near the Netherbow is the Mint-House with a large Court adorned with most neat and convenient Buildings for Accommodation of the Over-seers and Work-men thereunto belonging Upon the South-side is the College of King James the VI. founded in the Year 1580 endowed with all the Privileges of an University It hath most large Precincts inclosed with Walls and divided into Three Courts Two Lower and One Higher which is equal to both the other in Largeness These Courts or Area's are adorned on all sides with excellent Buildings There is also a high Tower built over the great Entry The publick Schools are large There is likewise a very large Common-Hall in which Theology and the Hebrew Tongue is taught and publick Orations made There is a Library with all Sorts of Books and some Manuscripts Under the Library is the King's Printing-House There is very good Accommodation for the Students and neat and handsome Dwellings for the Professors with very fine Gardens for their Recreation The Castle is situated at the Head of the Town to the West where the Hill doth rise into a large Top. It is a very 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for it both hangs over and commands the Town The Rock on which the Castle is situated is upon the South West and North inaccessible The Entry to the Castle is from the Town The chief Defence on this side is of the round Battery at the Foot of which there is a designed Out-work which is not yet brought to a Condition of Defence and will add very much to the Strength of it when finished In the Castle also is a Royal Palace of hewen Stone where the Regalia of the Kingdom are kept This Castle is the Chief Magazine for the Arms and Ammunition of the Nation and hath a most pleasant Prospect to the neighbouring Fields and to the River of Forth from whence it is saluted by such Ships of War as come to an Anchor in Leith Road. The Governours of this Fortress since King Charles the II's Restauration have been the Earl of Middleton the Dukes of Lauderdale Queensbury and Gordon and since their Sacred Majesties Accession to the Throne of Scotland the Earl of Levin hath the Chief Command of it Heriot's Hospital is likewise within the City Situated to the West of the publick Burial-Place It is a Nursery for Boys in which the Citizens Children who are poor are brought up under the Tutelage of a Governour who according to the Constitution of the Founder is to live Single They have likewise a Chaplain to instruct them in the Grounds of Learning till they be fitted for the publick Schools and Colleges This Hospital was founded by George Heriot Jeweller to King James the VI. who was descended of the Family of Trebroun and after he had lost two Sons by Shipwrack going from Scotland for London where dying without Issue February the

Hic nemus umbriferum Phoebi Nymphaeque sorores Candida quas inter praenitet Vrania Quae me longinquis redeuntem Teutonis oris Suscipit excelso collocat inque gradu Vrbs nimium faelix Musarum si bona nosset Munera aetherei regna beata Dei. Pelle malas pestes Vrbe quae noxia Musis Alme Deus coeant pax pietasque simul To the Right Honourable JAMES Viscount of Stairs Lord Dalrimple Glenluce and Strenrare President of the College of Justice and One of the Lords of their Majesties Most Honourable Privy Council GLASGOW GLASGOW is the most famous Empory of all the West of Scotland Nothwithstanding that it is inferiour to many in Antiquity yet if we respect the Largeness of the City the Number and Stateliness of its publick and private Buildings its Commerce with Foreign Nations and the Opulency of its Inhabitants it is the Chief of all the Cities in the Kingdom next to Edinburgh The City stands most pleasantly upon the East Bank of Clyde which is navigable up to the very Tower by Ships of small Burden but New Glasgow which stands on the Mouth of Clyde is a Haven for Vessels of the greatest Size The City it self is joined to the Suburbs which stand on the West Brink by a beautiful Bridge of Eight Arches built of square hewen Stone The most part of the City stands on a Plain and is in a Manner four-square In the very middle of the City is the Tolbooth magnificently built of hewen Stone with a very high Tower and Bells which sound melodiously at every Hour's end At the Tolbooth Four principal Streets crossing each other do divide the City as it were into Four equal Parts every one of which is adorned with several publick Buildings In the higher Part of the City the Cathedral Church stands commonly called St. Mungo's It amazes the Eyes of the Beholders for its stupendious Bigness and Artifice of its Structure It consists of two Churches of which the one is over the other The several Rows of Pillars and exceeding high Towers do show a wonderful piece of Architecture Near to the Church is the Archbishop's Castle fenced with an exceeding high Wall of hewen Stone and looks down to the City but the chief Ornament of the City is the College which was founded by King James the II. Pope Nicholas the V. granting an Indulgence and confirming it by his Bull to have the Rights and Liberties of a College where general Learning should be taught It was erected by the great Labour and Expences of that Reverend Prelate William Turnbull Archbishop of Glasgow The Words of the Bull for the founding of it are That general Study should flourish in the same as well in Theology and the Canon and Civil Law as in all other Arts and Faculties and that the Masters and Teachers there should enjoy all and sundry the Privileges Liberties Honours Immunities and Exemptions which have been granted by the Apostolick See or others any other way to the Masters Teachers or Students of our College at Bononia The Fabrick of the College is remarkable consisting of divers Courts The fore-part of it towards the City is of an excellent Structure being of hewen Stone The Precincts of the College are enlarged by some Acres of Ground purchased by some Money granted to it of late by the King and Estates of the Kingdom It is separated from the rest of the Town by an exceeding high Wall De GLASGUA Carmen ARCTURI JONSTONI GLASGUA tu socias inter caput exeris urbes Et te nil ingens pulchrius Orbis habet Sole sub occiduo Zephyri te temperat aura Frigora nec brumae nec canis ora times Glotta latus cingens electro purior omni est Hic regis imperio lintea mille tuo Pons jugat adversas operoso marmore ripas Et tibi securum per vada praebet iter Aemula Phoeacum tua sunt pomaria Sylvae Ruraque Poestanis sunt tibi plena rosis Farra Ceres armenta Pales Thetis agmina gentis Squammigerae Nemorum dat tibi diva feras Tecta nitent ipsas tangunt vertice nubes Quo commendentur plus tamen intus habent Templa domos superant radiant haec marmore puro Marmoris praetium nobile vincit opus Non procul hinc Themidos se tollunt atria patres Hic ubi purpureos dicere jura vides In medio residens sua pandit limina Phoebus Hic cum Parnass o Pegasis unda fluit Civibus ingentes animos deus armiger artes Nata Jovis stabiles Juno ministrat opes Moenia Dardanidum posuit Grynaeus Apollo Et deus aequoreis qui dominatur aquis Glasgua te fausto struxerunt sydere divi Quot mare Quot tellus Quotquot aequor habet ROBERTI MAGNI M.D. Carmen in insignia Civitatis GLASGUAE SAlmo Quercus cui insidet Rubecula avis Campana Annulus aureus salmonis ore exertus Salmo maris terraeque arbor avis aeris urbi Promittunt quicquid trina elementa ferunt Et campana frequens celebret quod numinis aras Vrbs superesse polo non peritura docet Neve quis indubitet sociari aeterna caducis Annulus id pignus conjugiale notat De GLASGUA Carmen JO ANNIS JONSTONI NON te pontificum luxus non infula tantum Ornavit diri quae tibi causa mali Glottiadae quantum decorant te Glasgua musae Quae celsum attollunt clara sub astra caput Glotta decus rerum piscosis nobilis undis Finitimis recreat jugera laeta soli Ast Glottae decus vicinis gloria terris Glasgua foecundat flumine cuncta suo To the Right Honourable GEORGE Earl of Aberdeen Viscount of Trumartin Lord Haddo Mechlick Tarvis and Kellie c. Old ABERDEEN ABERDEEN the Old is situated a Mile to the North of the New Town commonly called Bon-accord it hath its Name from its Situation being placed at the Mouth of the Water of Don. The Name of the River sufficiently shews that the Picts who inhabited this part of the Country were of a Scythian Descent for the River which by the Latins is called Danubius by the Germans is called Dunave by the Polonians Dunaum by the Turks Tuna being of the very same Name with our Don. The River is remarkable for the Multitude of Salmon and Perches which are taken in it About half a Mile from Old Aberdeen it hath a Bridge of one single Arch which is both large and stately it is made up for the most part of square hewen Stone both the Ends of it being fixed on Rocks By its crooked winding it breaks the force of the Stream so that Nature it self seems to have made way for its Situation A little below it Don enters into the Sea Above the Bridge two Miles is a heap of Stone artificially cast in the Mouth of the Chanal for the easier catching of the Salmon It is the Bishops Seat and hath a Cathedral Church commonly called St. Machars