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A37736 Flanders, or the Spanish Netherlands, most accurately described shewing the several provinces, their bounds, dimensions, rivers ... and a large and exact description of the cities and who they are at present subject to : with a large and useful index of the cities ... rivers &c. in such a manner as may serve for a geographical dictionary for these parts : extraordinary necessary for the right understanding of these parts, the present wars and encampment of the Confederate and French armies. Echard, Laurence, 1670?-1730. 1691 (1691) Wing E143; ESTC R43139 31,727 120

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Maeseyck 11 Miles East of Brey on the Maes bordering on Juliers 5. Stochem five Miles South of Maeseck on the Maes 6. Herk 25 Miles nigh West of Stochem on the Herk 7. Haffelt five Miles East of Herk on the Demer 8. St. Truyen eight Miles South-West of Haffelt 9. Tongeren 10 Miles East of St. Truyen 10. Bilsen five Miles North-East of Tongeren 11. Maestricht six Miles East of Bilsen on the Maes by Limburg This is under the Hollanders 12. Liege or Luyck the Metropolis 13 Miles South of Maestricht on the Maes 13. Hoey on the same River 14 Miles South-West of Liege 14. Chiney 17 Miles nigh South-West of Hoey These are all except Maestricht under the Bishop of Liege 15. Dinant 10 Miles South-West of Chiney on the Maes 16. Florennes 10 Miles West of Dinant 17. Walcourt or Valencourt seven Miles West of Florennes 18. Thuin 10 Miles nigh West of Walcourt These are all under the French Liege LIege or Luyck Description of the Chief Towns is the Principal City in this Province situated in a pleasant Valley environed with Hills the River Maes entring it in two Branches accompanied with lesser Streams which make many delightful Islands It is above four Miles in Circuit but inferiour to several others in these parts for Beauty or Riches the Houses being for the most part built of Timber some of them being covered with Boards and some with Slates and the Streets are neither broad nor cleanly kept On the Brow of a Hill which hangs over it stands the Citadel or Castle of great strength built to Command the Town without which it would be but of small Consequence It is a famous University Endowed with large Ecclesiastical Revenues Here are eight Collegiate and 32 Parochial Churches of these most are fair and stately The whole Town is made up of Thirty Two Companies of Freemen among whom the Goldsmiths have the Preheminence Maestricht MAestricht is the second City in this Province subject to the Hollanders It is situated upon the River Maes by which it is cut thorow not in the midst but on one side by the said River and the lesser part which lies towards Germany is called the Wick It is fortified with good Works besides a strong Wall and Trench and the Wick is said to be stronger than the Town Towards the South-East lies a Hill which rises gently and overlooks part of the Town under which is one of the Noblest Quarries of Stone in the World To prevent this Disadvantage the Bastion answering to it is built very high One Advantage to the Besieger is the Nature of the Earth which is very Minable and Commodious for Intrenching The private Houses are generally covered with black Slate otherwise not very beautiful The Town-House is a very fair Structure and the Stone-Bridge which joyns both parts of the City has nine Arches and is ve-beautiful Here are nigh Twenty Monasteries and three Dutch Churches and one common to the English and French Dinant DInant is a Frontier Town of the French in this Province on the Borders of Namur It stands on the East-Bank of the River Maes scarce two Miles from Bovines on the other side over which it has a Stone-Bridge It is but a small place but yet of account and was formerly of vast Trade but it has been so often destroyed that the Trade have been extreamly hindred but however the Inhabitants have a considerable Revenue from Black Marble Iron and Brass This Town stands 38 Miles South-West of Liege and 14 South of Namur 9. Dukedom of LIMBURG LImburg has on the East Bounds Juliers in Germany on the West the Bishoprick of Liege and the North part of Liege and Juliers and on the South Luxemburgh This is also accounted a part of the Circle of Westphalia in Germany being in length about Thirty eight Miles and in breadth Thirty This Province produces all necessary Commodities Quality except Wine which defect is Recompensed with excellent Wheat great store of Fewel and plenty of the best Iron Mines in all these Countries It has in it five Cities or Walled Towns and 123 Villages The Chief City in Limburg Chief Rivers are Rivers 1. Maes which runs but through a little part of this Province 2. Geul which washes Valkenburg and falls into the Maes 3. Wesdret which watereth Limburg and runs into Liege 4. Bervine which washes Dalem and falls into the Maes The Towns of these Province are thus Situated 1. Remborch the most North Eastern Town on the Borders of Juliers 2. Rolduck four Miles South ot Remborch on the Borders of Juliers 3. Falkenburg or Fauquemont thirteen Miles West of Rolduck on the Geul 4. Dalem ten Miles nigh South West of Valkenburg on the Bermine these are all under the Hollanders 5. Limburg the Metropolis 15 Miles nigh South East of Dalem on the Wesdret and 70 nigh East of Brussels This is under the Spaniards and is the only place of Note that they now have here Limburg LImburg is the Chief City in this Province Description of the Chief Towns which is Situated upon a Rock which overlooks all the Country round about at the bottom thereof runs the River Wesdrit almost round it among several shady Woods It is but a small City for it chiefly consists of one broad short Street neither is it considerable for its Beauty for the Building are for the most part of Wood but it is of no small Consideration for its Strength for it is encompassed with a strong Wall and a Trench and the access to it which is on the North side is extreamly difficult lying all along upon the edge of the Rock from one side thereof to the other the Gate of the Town over which are the Governors Lodgings spreeds it self and quite Locks up and Commands the whole Passage Ualkenburg VAlkenburg or Vauquemont is reckoned the Second City in Limburg said to belong to the Bishop of Liege though now under the Hollanders It is situated upon the River Geul and is large and indifferent neatly Built as well as tollerably Fortifi'd but the Castle which stands above it upon a steep Rock is a place of more than ordinary Strength being inaccessible and impregnable to an Enemy that brings not Cannon along with him In it are said to be certain Caves of so prodigious a Bigness that a whole Army may be well hid in them Yet in the year 1672 upon the News of the French coming it was immediately quitted It stands 20 Miles North of Limburg 10. Dukedom of LUXEMBURG LVxemburg or Lutzenburg has on the East Bounds the Archbishoprick of Triers in Germany on the West some of the Bishoprick of Liege and Champagne in France on the North Liege and Limburg and on the South Lorrain in France It is in length about Eighty two Miles and in breadth Seventy two It is for the most part fruitful of Corn Quality yielding also some Wines some Mines and many excellent
Bishoprick of Liege Limburg and part of Gelderland on Germany Luxemburg on France and Germany Namur the Marquisate and Mechlin are Midland Provinces The Government of these Provinces should be all under the Spaniards Government but at present they have only Namur the Marquisate nigh three quarters of Brabant nigh half of Limburg and Flanders and a quarter of Hainault with some of Gelderland The French have Artois Luxemburg Cambray three quarters of Hainault a third part of Flanders and a quarter of the Bishoprick of Liege The Hollanders have above half of Limburg above a quarter of Brabant a sixth part of Flanders and a small part of the Bishoprick of Liege The Bishop of Liege has nigh three quarters of that Provice 1. Earldom of FLANDERS FLanders has on the East Bounds Brabant on the West or North-west the Ocean on the North Zealand and on the South and South-East Artois and Hainault It is in length about 90 miles and in breadth 60. It is a very fine and rich Country Quality and accounted the Noblest Earldom in all Christendom and is in most places exceeding fertile and withal so populous that the whole may be reckoned but as one City It has in it 35 Cities or Walled Towns and 1178 Villages The chief City of the whole is Ghent The chief Rivers are 1. Scheld Rivers which here washes Tournay Oudenard Ghent and Antwerp and soon after falls into the Sea 2. Lys which here washes Armentiers and Courtray and falls into the Scheld at Ghent 3. Dender which washes Geersberg Nienove and Aelst falls into the Scheld at Dendermond 4. Scharp which washes Doway and St. Amand and falls into the Scheld The Towns in this Province are thus situated Scituation of the Towns viz. 1. Hulst the most N. Western Town of Note nigh Brabant 2. Axel five miles West of Hu●st 3. Sas van Ghent six miles nigh West of Axel 4. Ysendick nine miles N. West of the Sas. 5. Ardenburg seven miles S. West of Ysendick 6. Sluys four miles nigh West of Ardenburg These are all under the Hollanders 7. Bruges 10 miles South West of Sluys 8. Ostend on the Sea 11 miles West of Bruges 9. Nieuport or Newport by the Sea nine miles S. West of Ostend 10. Dixmude nine miles S. East of Nieuport 11. Ghent the Metropolis 34 miles East of Dixmude on the Scheld and 28 N. West of Brussels 12. Dendermond 12 miles East of Ghent on the Scheld 13. Aelst or Alost six miles South of Dendermond nigh Brabant 14. Nienove six miles South of Aelst 15. Geersberg four miles S. West of Nienove 16. Oudenard 11 miles West of Geersberg on the Scheld 17. Courtray or Cortryck 17 miles West of Oudenard These are all under the Spaniards 18. Ypres 15 miles West of Courtray 19. Dunkirk 23 miles nigh West of Ypres on the Sea 20. Graveling 10 miles S. West of Dunkirk nigh France and the Sea 21. Wynoxberg 12 miles East of Graveling 22. Cassel 10 miles S. East of Wynoxberg 23. Armentiers 18 miles nigh East of Cassel on the Leye 24. Lille or Rissell six miles nigh East of Armentiers 25. Tournay or Dornick 14 miles East of Lille on the Scheld 26. St. Amand 11 miles South of Tournay on the Scharp 27. Doway 15 miles S. West of St. Amand on the Scharp These are all under the French Ghent GHent Description of the chief Towns or Gaunt the chief City of this Province commodiously seated on the Banks of the Rivers Scheld and Leye which run through it and divide it into 26 Islands which are joyned together with 98 Bridges It is accounted one of the largest Cities in the Low-Countrys being seven miles in Compass within the Walls but now rather decays than encreases It is well Walled and Trenched about and the private Buildings are for the most part fair and stately and the Streets handsome and clean kept It has seven Churches and 55 Religious Houses The Cathedral is a most stately Structure and the Tower Bellefort is above 400 Steps high The Castle which is the Princes Palace contains three hundred Chambers The Cittadel consists of four Bastions which are but little and look on one side upon the City and on the other towards the Fields and tho' this Fortress be of a regular form yet it is not so convenient as many others in these parts The Trade of this place consists besides Corn in Cloths Stuffs and Silks of which there are so great quantity made that among the Fifty Companies of Tradesmen those relating to Commodities of this nature make one third Bruges BRuges or Brugge the Second City in Flanders so called from the multitude of Bridges It is situated in a large Plain about Eight miles from Sea and the Walls on the inside are somewhat above four miles in Compass the City being of a round form and well Walled and Fortified with Works of Earth and deep Ditches The River Rey runs through it with a muddy and heavy stream The City it self is exceeding neat tolerably populous and very well built many of the Houses being four or five and some six Stories high It is one of the most considerable places that the Spaniards have left and notwithstanding it comes vastly short of its former Trade it may well challenge place among the Cities of the Second rate in Europe The Market place has a Commodious and Pleasant Situation being the Centre where six of the principal Streets running from as many of the chief Gates of the City are terminated Here are Seven Parish Churches that of St. Johns is Cathedral 60 Religious Houses and three Colleges of Canons and also a fine College for the Jesuites The Chief Trade of this place is now in Spanish-Wool It stands 24 miles nigh West of Ghent Doway DOway or Dovay is a remarkable place under the French on the Borders of Artois and Hainault It is situated upon the River Scharpe and is of considerable Strength and has a fine Magazine very well furnished It is likewise considerable for its extent ancient Buildings September Fair and Traffick upon the Scheld but more especially for being an University and a Seminary for the English Roman Catholicks The Fort stands about a Cannon-shot below the Town upon the Scharpe and judged by its situation among Marshes by means of its Sluces whereby it can drown all the Country about to be impregnable The chief Trade of this Place consists in fine Woolen-Camlets sent into many Parts It stands 56 miles almost South of Ghent and 34 West of Mons. The next places here discribed are the Five Ports Five Ports of Flanders viz. Dunkirk Ostend Nieuport Sluys and Graveling Dunkirk DVnkirk or Duynskerke is a very considerable Place of the French seated on the Sea and judged to be about the bigness of Cambridge Beyond the Old Town there have been since it came into the Hands of the French great Works drawn which augment the Town above one half There is
17. Beaumont nine Miles East of Maubeuge 18. Ameries fifteen Miles South West of Beaumont on the Sambre 19. Landrechies seven Miles South West of Ameries on the same River 20. Avesnes seven Miles East of Landrechies 21. Lyesses six Miles East of Avesnes 22. Chimay ten Miles East of Lyesses 23. Marienburg ten Miles nigh East of Chimay 24. Phillipville seven Miles North of Marienhurg These are all under the French Mons. MOns Description of the Chief Towns Monts or Berghen is the Chief City in this Province and one of the principal throughout the Low-Countries It stands upon a higher Ground but with a gentle Ascent except one corner of it which is very high upon which lies a spacious Plain a place used for Games and Pastimes affording a most delicate prospect This place is wonderfully strong by its very Situation the Country round about being easily overflown for a great space by the Waters of the Haisne and Trulle nigh the confluence of which two Rivers the City stands the latter of these two cutting it through on the lower side It is surrounded by a very good Stone Wall with a threefold broad Ditch and is defended by a strong Castle The Buildings of the Town are both Stately and Beautiful the Streets being large and the Market-place spacious and scarce any place is better provided of Conduits which continually supply the Inhabitants with Water Here is a famous College of Cannonesses who have free leave to depart and Marry when they shall think fit This is also a place of good Trade which consists in divers Commodities and Manufactures especially in Sayes Grograms and such like Ualenciennes VAlenciennes is a French Frontier the second in this Province It stands on the River Scheld over which are Ten Bridges upon them stand Stately and Commodious Houses incompassed and divided by so many interspersed Channels that the place is rendered exceeding Defensible by Reason of the great quantity of Water which can soon drown the Country round about Besides this it is Fortified strongly with excellent Walls and Rampiers incompassed with extraordinary broad and deep Ditches and by Reason of the great difference of Situation in several parts of the City it cannot well be Besieg'd with less than three Armies at once Here are several fine Buildings in it as the great Church of our Lady the large Convent of the Franciscans and another for the Dominicans the Town House with many Building for Publick Use. This Place has the Staple of French Wines and here is also made fine Linnen Cloth equalling that of Cambray with Water-Tabbies and such like Commodities This Town stands seventeen Miles almost West of Mons. Marienburg MArienburg Built by Mary Queen of Hungary Sister to Charles the Fifth in the year 1542. It is a French Frontier situated on the River Blanche It was besides the Situation so advantagious so excellently well Fortifi'd at first with a very strong Wall and four good Bulwarks that it was looked upon as impregnable if provided of a sufficent Garison of Couragious Men the loss of it to the incredible prejudice of these Countries being imputed to the base and unworthy Behaviour of the Defendents This Town stands Twenty eight Miles South East of Mons and as I take it is now Dismantled Phillipville PHillipville is another French Frontier Town Bordring on Liege built by Phillip the Second King of Spain for a Bulwark against the French and Honoured with his own Name It is but a small place but is a very strong Fortress strengthned with five Royal Bastions besides Walls and other good Works fit for Defence This Town stands about Twenty eight Miles South East of Mons. 4. Earldom of NAMUR NAmur has on the East Bounds the Bishoprick of Liege on the West Hainault on the North Brabant and on the South part of Luxemburg and the Bishoprick of Liege It is in length about 34 Miles and in breadth 30. It is plentifully stored with all Commodities Quality the Hills cloathed with Woods full of Fowl and Venison and the Vallies full of Corn rich in Mines and Quarries of Marble of all sorts It has in it Four Cities or Walled Towns and 184 Villages The Chief City is Namur The Chief Rivers are Rivers 1. Maes which runs through the midst of this Province into the Bishoprick of Liege and washes Charlemont Dinant Bovines and Namur 2. Sambre which here washes Charleroy and falls into the M●es at Namur The Towns in this Province are thus situated Situation of the Town 1. Charleroy the most Western Town on the Sambre by the Borders of Hainault 2. Namur the Metropolis 17 Miles East of Charleroy on the Maes and Sambre and 30 nigh South-East of Brussels 3. Bovines or Bovigne 12 Miles South of Namur on the Maes by the Borders of Liege 4. Charlemont seven Miles South of Bovines on the Maes by the Borders of Liege and Luxemburg In this Province is also that remarkable Village of Flerus six Miles North-East of Charleroy standing on the Borders of Brabant 22 Miles nigh South of Brussels These Towns are all under the Spaniards Namur NAmur is the Chief City of this Province Description of the Chief Towns situated in a flat Bottom between two Hills upon the Confluence of the Maes and Sambre which divides the Town into two unequal parts the passage over both of them being by two Stone-Bridges which make the place both more commodious and more beautiful The City is adorned with a fair Market-place a Guild-Hall divers Churches a great Number of very good Stone-Buildings Here is also a stately and strong Castle standing upon a very high Hill the Situation of which renders it very defensible and much conduces to the strength of the Town Here are several Religious Houses of which that of the Franciscans is Chief This City is rich and inhabited for the most part by Nobility well trained and of a Martial Discipline having but few Merchants and Artificers among them Charleroy CHarleroy is a Frontier Town in this this Province which was built by the Spaniards in the year 1666. in Honour of the present King of Spain seated upon a rising Ground in the exterior and Western Angle made by the meeting of the Rivers Pieton and Sambre Soon after it was built it was quitted by the Spaniards and by the French soon after so fortified that it became one of the most considerable Holds in all these Countries as it is still It was restored to the Spaniards in the year 1679. This Town stands 14 Miles West of Namur and 21 East of Mons. Charlemont CHarlemont is also a Frontier Town of the Spaniards in the Bounds of this Province which was built in the year 1555. by Charles the Fifth from whom it took its Name It is very conveniently seated upon a Hill near the left Bank of the River Maes which affords it a good Trade and is a very strong Fortress though but a small Town and of very
part of this Province and runs into Hainalt The Cities or Walled Towns are here but three in Number and are thus situated 1. Cambray 58 Miles South-East of Brussels on the Scheld 2. Crevecoer five Miles South of Cambray on the Scheld 3. Chateau Cambreses 12 Miles East of Crevecoer on the Selle These are all under the French Cambray CAmbray Description of the Town or Camerick is the Chief City in this Province by the Borders of Hainault It is situated upon the River Scheld which runs through it and fills all its Ditches It is said to be of greater Importance than almost any other in the Low-Countries being regularly fortified with Ramparts Bastions Half-Moons and two good Forts and is commanded by a Citadel of Square Figure and is moreover placed in a most advantagious Situation having on the West-side and in a low bottom exceeding large Suburbs with delicate Meadows and Gardens lying all along the River The private Buildings are very fair and the publick much fairer It contains nine Parishes and has three Abbies with a great Number of Religious Houses besides Hospitals and other publick Buildings Here are many Rich Merchants and the principal Trade consists in making that fine Linnen called Cambrick It stands 32 Miles South-West of Mons and 94 North of Paris BEcause Calais is a Frontier Town and a place of great Importance I think it will be convenient to give a Description of it though it be in no part of Flanders Calais CAlais or Calis a very strong Town in the Province of Picardy in France once belonging to the English and held by them 210 years but regained by the French in the Reign of Queen Mary the loss of which grieved her so much as it was thought the cause of her death It is very advantagiously situated for Defence nigh the Sea now very strongly fortified after the Modern Fashion with an impenitrable Wall and Bastions of Earth a deep Trench full of Water to the Landward and a large Cittadel The Wall and Cittadel were built about 65 years since The old Stone-Wall and Ditch are still remaining but enclosed with the new The Town is somewhat bigger than Dover in England from which it stands opposite and is very populous and well frequented by reason of its being the immediate Port from England and for that Reason called the Key of France It hath a large square Piazza or Market-Place wherein are two great Markets weekly kept the one on Tuesdays the other on Saturdays The Government is by a Mayor and four Eschevins chosen annually by the Burgesses or Freemen An INDEX of all the Provinces Cities Towns Forts Rivers c. in Flanders or the Spanish Netherlands Shewing the Cities Forts c. in what Province they are to what Prince they are subject the Page and Figure that refer to them in the Book their Longitude and Latitude according to T. de Wets Maps the first Meridian beginning at Teneriff And also all the several ways of spelling of them to avoid mistakes Designed for the speedy finding of any place and may serve for a Geographical Dictionary for these Parts A. AA a River in the Province of Brabant mentioned Pag. 39. Fig. 4. Aa another River in the Provinces of Artois and Flanders mentioned pag. 22. and fig. 3. Aalst or Alost See Aelst Aath. See Ath. Aelst Aalst or Alost a Town in the Province of Flanders belonging to the Spaniards mentioned pag. 18. fig. 13. Lon. 23. 19. Lat. 51. 1. Aerdenburg See Ardenburg Aerschot or Aschot a Town in the Province of Brabant here joyned to Mechlin under the Spaniards mentioned pag. 51. Lon. 24. 10. Lat. 51. 4. Aire or Arien a Town in the Province of Artois subject to the French mentioned pag. 23. fig. 4. and described pag. 25. Lon. 21. 30. Lat. 50. 43. Alost or Aalst See Aelst St. Amand a Town in the Province of Flanders belonging to the French mentioned pag. 9. fig. 26. Lon. 22. 38. Lat. 50. 29. Antwerpe Antwerpen or Anvers the Metropolis of the Marquisate and of all these Provinces under the Spaniards mentioned and described pag. 48. Lon. 23. 36. Lat. 51. 16. Ardenburg or Aerdenburg a Town in the Province of Flanders under the Hollanders mentioned pag. 8. fig. 5. Lon. 22. 36. Lat. 51. 22. Arleux a Town in the Province of Hainault under the French not here mentioned Lon. 22. 32. Lat. 50. 20. Arien See Aire Arlon a Town in the Province of Luxemburg under the French mentioned pag. 64. fig. 5. Lon. 25. 12. Lat. 49. 45. Armentiers a Town in the Province of Flanders belonging to the French mentioned pag. 9. fig. 23. Lon. 22. 6. Lat. 50. 46. Armiers a Town in the Province of Hainault under the French mentioned pag. 28. fig. 18. Lon. 23. 6. Lat. 50. 15. Atras or Atrecht the Metropolis of Artois a B. under the French mentioned pag. 23. fig. 10. Lon. 21. 58. Lat. 50. 19. described pag. 23. and 24. ARTOIS one of the Ten Provinces under the French described pag. 22. c. Ascot See Aerschot Astenay See Stenay At h or Aath a Town in the Province of Hainault belonging to the Spaniards mentioned pag. 27. Fig. 2. Lon. 23. 3. Lat. 50. 47. Atrecht See Arras Avesnes a Town in Hainault under the French mentioned pag. 28. fig. 20. Lon. 23. 12. Lat. 50. 10. Axel a Town in the Province of Flanders belonging to the Hollanders mentioned pag. 8. fig. 2. Lon. 23. 6. Lat. 51. 21. B. BApaume a Town in the Province of Artois under the French mentioned pag. 23. fig. 12. Lon. 22. 5. Lat. 50. 8. Bastoigne or Bastonach a Town in the Province of Luxemburg mentioned pag. 64. fig. 2. Lon. 25. 12. Lat. 50. 5. Bavay a Town in the Province of Hainault under the French mentioned pag. 28. fig. 15. Lon. 34. 4. Lat. 50. 24. Beaumont a Town in the Province of Hainault subject to the French mentioned pag. 28. fig. 17. Lon. 23. 28. Lat. 50. 17. Beer or Peer a Town in the Bishoprick of Liege under that Bishop mentioned pag. 54. fig. 2. Lon. 24. 42 Lat. 51. 12. Bergen See Mons. Bergen op Zome a Town on Province of Brabant under the Hollanders mentioned pag. 39. fig. 6. Lon. 23. 32. Lat. 51. 32. Bervine a River in the Province of Limburg mentioned pag. 60. Bethune a Town in the Province of Artois under the French mentioned pag. 23. fig. 6. Lon. 21. 42. Lat. 50. 37. Bilsen a Town in the Bishoprick of Liege subject to that Bishop mentioned pag. 54. fig. 10. Lon. 24. 41. Lat. 50. 54. Binch a Town in the Province of Hainault under the French mentioned pag. 28. fig. 9. Lon. 23. 26. Lat. 50. 27. Boilleduc Bolduc Bosch St. Hertogen Bosch or Shertogen Bosch a Town in the Province of Brabant under the Hollanders mentioned pag. 39. fig. 4. and described pag. 43. Lon. 24. 29. Lat. 51. 42. Bouchain a Town in the Province of Hainault under the French mentioned pag. 28. fig. 13. Lon. 22. 33.