ancient City of Aegypt built as some say by Bacchus as others affirm by Busyris and once so called Diodor. Cic. and Herodot that sayes it was in compass a hundred and fourty furlongs and therefore named Hecatompylos Verse 7. Long-tail'd Monkey A kind of Monkey which the Aegyptians worshipped for a God This Monkey the Cercopithecus had a black head and hair upon all the rest of the body like Asses hair Plin. lib. 8. cap. 21. Verse 9. The Hound Anubis Son to Isis and Osiris He gave the Hound for his Armes or the impress of his Shield and therefore was adored in the shape of a Hound This made Aegypt so superstitious that if a Dog dyed in any house the whole family shaved themselves which was their greatest expression of mourning But Juvenal derides them that worship the Hound and not the Goddess of hunting Diana Of terrestriall creatures the Aegyptians in generall only worshipped three the Bull or Cow the Dog and Cat. Of water-animals two the Lepidot and Oxyrinth Strab. Some particular places as the Saitae and Thebans adored Sheep the Latopolitanes the broad Fish the Lycopolitanes the Wolf Kid and Goat the Mendesians the Mouse and the Athribites the Spider Strab. lib. 17. Verse 11. A Leek or Onion Wherein they conceived there must needs be a Divinity because they crost the influences of the Moon decreasing when she increased and growing when she wained Plin. Verse 15. Sheep The Aegyptian Priests eat only Veal and Goose but altogether abstained from Lamb and Mutton Diodor. lib. 2. Verse 18. Alcinous King of the Phaeacks whose Daughter Nausicae found Vlysses amongst the bushes as in the end of the Comment upon Sat. 9. and brought him to her father where at Supper he discoursed his voyage and told how Polyphemus and Antiphates eat up his Mates which inhumane crueltie in my Author's opinion must needs be thought so incredible and ridiculous a lie to the soberer sort of Phaeacks that he wonders some of them killed him not for abusing them with impossibilities viz. that men should eat men all the rest of his Mandevilian adventures as that Scylla and Carybdis set their Dogs at him That the Cyan rocks on either side of the Thracian Bosphorus met and joyned together That Neptune gave him bladders filled with wind that Circe turned his men into Hogs he thinks might be easier believed or past by as pardonable fictions But that one man should kill and eat another what sober man can credit Verse 30. Corcyraean wine The excellent strong wine of Corcyra anciently Phaeacia Plin. now Corfu and so called by Cicero Famil Epist. 9. Verse 33. Junius To prove the matter of fact in this sad relation as if he were to prove a Law he names the Consul Junius Sabinus Collegue with Domitian Caesar at the time when his Minion Paris the Player got a Commission for Juvenal to have a Regiment of Foot at Pentapolis in Aegypt where that barbarous crueltie was acted Verse 34. Coptus A Metropolitan City of Aegypt Ptol. Plut. Strab. a Haven common to the Aegyptians and Arabians inclining towards the red Sea neer to the Emerald-Mines Over this Town the Sun at noon day is almost in his verticall point Verse 37. Pyrrha Wife to Deucalion See the Comment upon Sat. 1. From her time Juvenal bids us summe up all Tragick Examples as that of Atreus feasting his brother Thyestes with his own Sons Medea killing her Children Orestes his Mother as aforesaid and we shall finde no parallel to this bloody banquet For those horrid crimes were only committed by single persons this by the joynt consent of a multitude Verse 39. Immortal hatred Religion is a religando from binding the minds of men in the strictest of all bonds and undoubtedly diversity of Religion makes the saddest difference between man and man Upon this maxim the wisest of the Kings of Aegypt grounded his policy for assigning severall Gods to the severall People of his Kingdome that so they might never agree amongst themselves to rebell against their Prince Diodor. Verse 40. Tentyrites The Inhabitants of the City of Tentyris or Tentyra in Aegypt Plin. Ptol. Strab. Steph. They hate the Crocodile and are terrible to him as in his precedent description The Deity they worship is the Ibis a bird that kills the Crocodile as aforesaid Verse 40. Ombites Ombus or Ombri a Town in Aegypt Ptol. that adored the Crocodile By the description of John Leo. it seems to be that which is now Chana Undoubtedly the Transcriber of Juvenal when he should have writ adhuc Ombos writ the c twice over and made it adhuc Combos Abra. Ortel which mistake together with an infinite number of grosser errours is rectified in the Louvre-copie followed by me in this Edition Verse 51. Know I. This knowledge of the Author makes very much for the Argument of his next and last Satyr writ when he was banished into Aegypt under the name of an honourable Commander a Colonel of Foot Verse 52. Lew'd Canopus Of the infinite Lewdness of this Town See the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 55. Poor unguents So their wine were generous the Ombites cared not what poor unguents they made use of which in other parts of Aegypt were most pretious Plin. Verse 56. Negro-Pipers The Towns of Ombus and Tentyris were upon the borders of Arabia and common to the Arabian Aethiops some of which were the Pipers at this lamentable feast of the Ombites Verse 73. Ajax or Turnus Men of more strength then any were in Juvenal's time as appears by the weight of the stones which they lifted and threw at their enemies Ajax in his combat with Hector Iliad 6. 7. Diomedes in his combat with Aeneas Iliad lib. 6. that had the luck on 't for Turnus likewise struck him down with a stone Aeneid lib. 12. Nec plura effatus saxum circumspicit ingens Without more words he spies a mighty stone Hom. ibid. sayes that Diomedes took up such a weight as in his time fourteen young men could hardly wag Verse 77. Homer The most incomparable Greek Poet. He flourished eightscore years before Rome was built Cor. Nep. He was blind and therefore surnamed Homer for so the Ionians call a blind man that wants a guide being formerly known by the name of Melesigenes as born neer to the River Meles which runs by the walls of Smyrna Philost and Strab. The place of his nativity is made doubtfull by many Cities every one of them claiming him for a Native after his death whereas in his life time none of all these Towns would relieve his wants or own him The Colophonians say he was a Citizen of theirs the Chians challenge him the Salaminians will have him the Smyrnians so far avow him that in their City they have dedicated a Temple to him many other Cities clash and contend about him Cic. in his Orat. pro Poet. Archia He writ two Works one of the Trojan war which he calls his Ilias the other
injoyned silence and therefore Wine was forbidden at that time which was upon the 27. of March being the fifth of the Calends of Aprill For this reason the Romans called a Feast without Wine Cereris sacrificium a Sacrifice to Ceres Plaut in Aulular Into the Temple of Ceres no person durst presume to come that knew him or her self guilty of the least crime much less they that had to answer for so great a sinne as lasciviousness which is the sense of Juvenal in this place Verse 53. Crown thy dores On wedding dayes the common sort of people crowned their dores and dore-posts with Ivie the leaves branches and berries covering their very thresholds but persons of honour instead of Ivie had Laurel and builded Scaffolds in the streets for the people to behold the Nuptiall Solemnity as you will see in the following Verses when Lentulus is named Verse 55. Iberina Vrsidius Posthumus his Bride that was to be Verse 65. Bathyllus A Pantomime that acted with his hands the wanton Mien of the Dancing-Mistress Laena with whose postures imitated by a man the Country Ladies Thuscia Appula and Thymele were much taken Verse 70. The Courts of Law That sate in the Forum Romanum Verse 71. In Cybel's Games The Megalesian Games were Showes made in honour of the Goddess Cybele the magna Mater they began upon the fourth day of Aprill and were continued for six dayes after during which time the common Play-houses were shut up M. Junius Brutus dedicated those sports to the Mother of the Gods Verse 72. Thyrse The Thyrsus was a Spear wreathed about with Vine-leaves and grapes proper to Bacchus which his Priests the Bacchanals carryed in their hands when they were possessed with their God therefore in the seventh Satyr Juvenal sayes soft aires to chant Or reach a Thyrsus suits not with sad want that is a poor man can never come to be possessed with a Poeticall furie as high as a Bacchanalian rage because he wants money to buy wine Verse 73. Autonoe's loose Jig Autonoe Daughter to Cadmus King of Thebes by his Wife Hermione she was married to Aristaeus and by him had Actaeon called the Autonoeian Heros Ovid Metam l. 3. Hesiod in Theog It seems that some Attelan or ridiculous jeering rimes were made upon Autonoe that used to be sung on the Stage after the acting of a Tragedy to make the Spectators merry again For rehearsing of this Jigge the poor beggerly Aelia fals in love with Vrbicus the Fool in the Play Verse 78. Quintilian The grave Rhetorician born at Calaguris in Spain he therefore called the Spaniards his Country-men He came to Rome with Galba and was Governor to Domitian's Nephews He first taught Rhetorick in Rome was Tutor to Juvenal had a Pension out of the Exchequer and writ Rhetoricall Institutions and Declamations Verse 87. Hippia The unworthy Wife to the great Lord of the Senate Frabricius Veiento Verse 89. Pharian Isle Pharos was a little oblong Isle of Aegypt a dayes sail from the Continent if we believe the authority of Homer but now it is joyned by a Bridge to Alexandria the change is ascribed to the River Nilus whose seven channels cast up an infinite quantity of mud upon the Foards adjoyning Ovid Metam lib. 15. Fluctibus ambitae fuerant Antissa Pharósque Et Phoenissa Tyros quarum nunc insula nulla est Antissa Tyre and Pharos lay erewhile Within the Sea now none of them 's an Isle See Plin. lib. 2. cap. 85. This Isle had a Tower of white Marble built upon a Rock which cost Ptolomey Philadelphus eight hundred talents Sostratus Gnidius being his Architect The Tower bore the name of Pharos and in the night hung forth a Lantern by which the Ships at Sea sailed into the Haven In this Isle Alexander the great resolved to build a City but finding the place too narrow for his Modell right against it he built the City of Alexandria not far from the Canopian mouth of Nilus the ground was laid out by the rare Architect Dinocrates fifteen miles in compass cast into the fashion of a Macedonian Cloak Here Lagus lived that was Father of Ptolomey successor to Alexander in the Kingdome of Aegypt therefore Juvenal calls Alexandria the lewd walls of Lagus Verse 90. Nile A great Aegyptian River some say the name of it was derived from King Nilus others from the new slime or mud which it works up continually It springs from a Mountain in the lower Mauritania not far from the Ocean in a Lake which is called Nilis then for some dayes journeys it runs underground and again bursts forth within a greater Lake in Caesarian Mauritania and again swallowed up in the sands for twenty dayes journeys it passeth through the Deserts to the Aethiopians at last spouts out of a Fountain called Nigris then dividing Africa from Aethiopia it makes diverse Islands the noblest whereof is Meroe After it hath received all recruits from confederate Rivers it takes the name of Nilus and dischargeth it self into the Sea by seaven mouths viz. the Canopian Bolbitic Sebennitic Pharmitic Mendesic Tanic and Pelusiac Nile embraceth the lower parts of Aegypt divided by her right and left armes by the Canopian from Africa from Asia by the Pelusiac Plin. lib. 5. cap. 9. so that some have set down Aegypt in the list of Islands the River Nilus cutting it into a Triangle and from that figure many have called Aegypt by the name of the Greek letter Δ Delta Verse 91 Dissolute Canopus Another City of Aegypt distant from Alexandria 120 furlongs so named from Canobus Amyclaeus Master of Menelaus his Ship that carried Hellen from Sparta and by a storm was driven upon that coast where the Master dyed bit by the Serpent Haemorrhoida In memory of him Menelaus built the City wherein he left all his men that were unfit for any further Sea-service Who can enumerate the superstitious wickednesses of the City of Canopus Ruff. lib. 11. cap. 26. this of all Aegyptian Towns was the lewdest as you may see here and Sat. 15. Verse 96. Paris A handsome young Player Favourite both to the Emperor Domitian and to his Empress but his Imperial Mistress lost him his Master and his life for upon that account Domitian put him to death So long as he was in favour he did many gallant things Sat. 7. Many to honour in the warres he brings With Summer-annulets and Winter-rings He bindes the Poets fingers what there lives No Lord that will bestow a Player gives Why dost thou court the Camerini then And Bareae a fig for Noble-men Write Tragedies 't is Pelopea takes She Praefects Philomela Tribunes makes Though Paris was highly commended in these verses yet the Satyr of them that touched his quality of a Player so stung him that he procured a command of foot for the Author and sent him with his Regiment as far as Aegypt See the life of Juvenal and the Designe before Sat. 16. Verse 101. Tyrrhene waves The Tyrrhene Sea is
lib. 21. cap. 8. This Ceremony the Romans used to put the Woman in remembrance that she ought to preserve what she then covered the blushes of a Bride Verse 251. Manilia A subtle Curtesan that being accused to the Senate by Hostilius Mancinus then the Aediles Curulis for having by night wounded him with a stone appealed to the Tribunes and pleaded that Mancinus would violently have entred her house at an unseasonable hour but was beat back with stones no marvail my Author uses her name for a she-wrangler in the Law A. Gel. lib. 4. cap. 4. Verse 254. Celsus Junius Celsus a great Orator that writ seven Books of Rhetoricall institutions Verse 255. Tyrian Cassocks The Roman Fencers alwayes played their Prizes in their Endromides or short Coats this was the reason why the Retiarii were called Tunicati and no doubt but the Retiarius described Sat. 2. and 8. fought in a purple Cassock of the right Tyrian die he being a Noble-man descended from the Gracchi and Africani This fashion was followed by the wanton Roman Dames that likewise imitated the poorer sort of Fencers nointing themselves with their Ceromatick composition of oile and clay being exercised and trained as Tyrones or young Souldiers in the Campus Martius Verse 259. Florall Trumpets The Florall Games were celebrated in honour of Flora Goddess of Gardens and Medows upon the four last dayes of Aprill and the first of May Ovid. Fast. 5. Incipis Aprili transis in tempora Maii Alter te fugiens cum venit alter abit In Aprill thou begin'st and end'st in May As one comes tow'rds thee th' other runs away The Institution of this Feast was to pray that the earth might seasonably bring forth flowers and fruits but the Shew was of impudent Strumpets dancing naked through the streets to the sound of the Trumpet The Beasts hunted in these Games were Goats Hares and such milde creatures Hosp. de Orig. Fest. There also were shewed tame Elephants taught to walk upon the ropes Suet. in Gal. Verse 275. Great Lepidus M. Aemilius Lepidus the Censor that upon his death-bed enjoyned his Sons to cast a linnen Cloth over his body and so to carry it upon the Bed he died in to the Pile to be burned without imbalming Purples Trumpets waxen Images common Mourners or any other Funeral pomp at all Verse 276. Blind Metellus The Censor and Pontifex Maximus that lost his eyes with saving the Image of Minerva when her Temple was on fire See the Comment upon Sat. 13. Verse 276. Spend-thrift Fabius Sonne to Fabius Maximus in his youth he had consumed his Estate which surnamed him the Gulf or Spend-thrift but afterwards he grew to be a staid man and a great example of virtue in particular of Frugality and Abstinence Verse 279. Assylus A Gladiator or common Fencer Verse 292. We are dumb Juvenal would have his Tutor that incomparable Rhetorician Quintilian out of all the colours flowers or fallacies of his art to say something in excuse of a woman taken in the manner but all he can answer is for himself That he is dumb and his Oratory nonplust he cannot for shame be of Counsell or open his mouth in so plain a Case Then the Judge of manners the Censor Juvenal turns to the Woman and bids her speak in her own Cause She no sooner looks upon her Apron-strings but she justifies the act as grounded upon a Contract parole or Articles of Agreement before marriage wherein it was mutually covenanted consented and agreed by and between her and her Servant now her Husband that after the subsequent solemnization of their marriage it should be lawfull for them or either of them as if no such marriage had been solemnized severally and respectively to doe or act whatsoever should best please them or either of them and this whereof she is accused is her several and respective pleasure Can a Judge then have power to call her to an account for doing what she had liberty and right to doe Verse 299. Lerna Lerna or Lernes is a Lake neer Argos where Hercules ended one of his twelve labours by killing the Serpent Hydra whose heads still as he cut them off were multiplied This many-headed Monster had laid waste the whole Country of the Argives insomuch as it grew to a Proverb with the Greeks when one mischief came upon the neck of another to call their present condition 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Lerna of evils Verse 309. Rhodes An Island in the Carpathian Sea where Homer was born so named from Rhodia one of Apollo's Mistresses Diodor. lib. 5. In this Isle was a Gymnasium or School of Asiatick eloquence and the Mathematicks so that when Aristippus the great Socratick Philosopher was shipwrackt upon the coast of Rhodes and found there some Geometricall Schemes he cried Cheerly my Mates I see the foot-steps of men Vitru lib. 7. Here stood one of the Wonders of the World that huge Collossus 70 cubits high built by the famous Statuary Cares from which some think the Inhabitants to have been called Colossians This Island held by the Knights of Rhodes was taken by Solyman the Magnificent in the year 1522. Verse 309. Malta Malta or Melita is an Isle lying neer to that part of Sicily which looks towards Africa Plin. lib. 3. cap 8. From hence came the breed of fine little Dogs that so please the great Ladies Strab. lib 6. This Island afforded very precious Roses and delicate soft Vests Cicer. and is now inhabited by the Knights of Rhodes called Knights of Malta Verse 309. Sybaris A Town of Magna Graecia seated between the Rivers Crathis and Sybaris Steph. It was built by the Trojans that after the sack of their City were driven upon the place by extremity of weather This Town was once so potent that it governed four great Countries subdued 25. Cities and armed 300000. men in their war against the Crotonians Strab. lib 6. But prosperity made them wanton no such Gluttons in the world witness the Proverb A Sybaritick Sow Verse 309. Tarentum A great City of Magna Graecia the founder of it was Tarentes Son to Neptune after whose time it was enlarged by the Lacedemonians that led by their General Phalantus took the place almost impregnable as lying between two Seas in the form of an oblong Isle and outed the Inhabitants Justin lib. 3. From this Spartan Colony descended those Tarentines that for a long time maintained a War with the Romans at last finding themselves over-matcht called in Pyrrhus K. of Epire to assist them Some say that Tarentum had the name from the Sabine word Tarentum signifying soft and the Tarentines were a very soft and effeminate People madly debauched and jeering all other Nations but a sad just Judgement fell upon them for when without any ground of quarrel they had surprized a City from their Neighbours the Japygians now Calabrians and for a whole day exposed the young men and Maids their Prisoners to the libidinous fury
had for his story mentions no vinegar made in the Isle of Pharos which is the sharpest in the world Verse 101. All things by chance were made An opinion detested by Seneca that sayes Nature Fate Fortune Chance are all names of one and the same God Verse 102. No first Mover A Villain would gladly make himself believe there is no God if he could but as my Lord of St. Albons observed though the fool in his heart hath said there is no God yet he hath not thought so A vicen affirms He that sees not God in nature wants not only reason but even sense Verse 104. Touch any Altars When a man would put a Trustee to his oath he brought him into the Temple and there made him swear laying his hand upon the Altar A great example of this custome with the punishment of the perjured Rogue we have in the history of Herodotus One Archetimus in his journey deposited a great summe of gold in the hands of his Host Cydias When he returned he asked for his gold Cydias absolutely denyed it After a long contest the Plaintiff referred himself to the Oath of the Defendant Cydias scrupling at Perjury resolved to swear by Equivocation and for that purpose put all the Gold into a great Cane Upon his day he appears in a sickly posture leaning upon this Cane walks with it to the Temple and when he kneeled down at the Altar gave it Archetimus to hold till the ceremony should be ended Then lifting up his hands he confessed upon Oath that he had received the Gold wherewith he was charged but withall he swore that he had again delivered the same individuall Gold to the Defendant Archetimus hearing this in a fury threw upon the Marble floor the Cane which with the outward violence and weight within it broke to pieces and out came all the Gold Thus providence righted him and Cydias by report dyed miserably Verse 109. Timbrels Gold Silver or Brass Timbrells used in their ceremonies by the Priests of Isis in whose Temple was the Image of Harpocrates with his finger cross his lips and that Goddess together with this God of Silence were believed to send diseases into humane bodies Verse 113. Archigenes The greatest Physitian of Rome the Roman Mayhern Verse 114. Anticira An Island neer to the Maliack Gulfe and the Mountain Oeta mentioned as part of Thessaly by Strab. lib. 9. In this Isle grows the black Hellebore which cures an old Gout Plin. Verse 116. Nimble Ladas Foot-man to Alexander the great He ran so nimbly that the print of his foot was not seen upon the gravell His Statue was set up at Argos in the Temple of Venus after he had won the foot-race in the Olympick Games These sacred Games were instituted by Hercules in honour of his Father Jove neer to the City of Olympia in Elis. These consisted of five Exercises casting the Javelin flinging the Iron-ball leaping wrestling and running foot-matches and Chariot-races they began every five years and ended in five dayes The Conqueror was crowned with an Olive-wreath got in a Grove of Olives neer the City of Pisa in Elis and therefore by Juvenal called Pisaean Olive boughs and such honour was done him that his Chariot came not in by the City gates but the walls were pulled down for him to enter at the breach From these Games the Grecians had their Aera or account of years beginning with the first Olympiad in the year of the Julian Period 3938. Verse 119. Say the wrath of Heaven be great 't is slow Yet as slow as it is sure it will be Divine wrath by slow degrees proceeds to vengeance but the long sufferance is payed for by the greatness of the punishment Val. Max. Caesar sayes gravely The Gods are accustomed that men may be more afflicted with the change of their condition sometimes to give wicked men prosperous success and longer impunity Verse 131. Catullus The Author of the Comedy called Phasma or the Phantasm mentioned Sat. 8. wherein it should seem there was a spirit or eccho that answered and mockt some poor man till it made him call as loud as Calvin cryed out upon his perjured Trustee that is saies my Author as loud as Homer's Stentor that was able to drown the cryes of fifty shouting together or indeed as loud as Homer's Mars that when he was wounded by Pallas or Diomedes roared louder then the cryes of an Army when ten thousand men joyn battail Hom. Iliad lib. 5. Verse 142. Bathyllus A rare Lutenist and an excellent Mimick to whom a Statue was set up at Samos in Juno's Temple by the Tyrant Polycrates Verse 143. He That is Juvenal himself Verse 145. A Cloak The Cynicks wore two upper garments the Stoicks only a thin Cloak This is all the difference Juvenal puts between them for their Doctrine was the same They both contemned riches and agreed in this Maxim That Virtue needs no addition but of it self is sufficient to make life happy Verse 146. Epicurus Father of the Epicurean Sect. He placed the Summum bonum or felicity of Man in Pleasure not as Aristippus did in the pleasure of the Body but of the Mind and in the absence of Pain He condemned the Dialecticks because he affirmed that Philosophy might be taught in plain and easie words He denyed the providence of the Gods in humane affaires So much is ascribed to him by Lucretius that he confidently avouches Epicurus obscured the light of all the other Philosophers no less then all other heavenly bodies are darkned by the Sun And though from his opinion that felicity consists in pleasure all Voluptuaries by a common mistake are called Epicureans yet we have besides this place of Juvenal good authority that Epicurus was a most temperate man contenting himself with a little Garden and feeding upon Herbs not to provoke hunger but to satisfie it Senec. Verse 148. Philip A Country Chirurgion yet his Apprentice had skill enough to bleed Calvin therefore Juvenal as somewhat a better Artist undertakes his cure Verse 152. Thy dores may well be shut It was the Roman custome and is ours at Funerals and in the time of mouring to shut up the dores and darken the Rooms Which the Satyrist wishes men would doe that have lost their money because they look upon it as a sadder calamity then the loss of friends or neerest relations therefore the grief being greater why should the signes of grief be less Verse 162. Sardonix Seal A coat of Armes cut in a Sardonix which pretious stone being laid up in a Lord's Cabinet whereof he himself kept the key there could be little probability that the impression should be counterfeited Verse 167. A white Hen. Albae Gallinae filius Son of a white Hen was a Proverb with the Romans amounting to as much in point of good luck as our English Proverb Wrapt in 's Mothers Smock Verse 180. Castor Castor and Pollux Sons to Jupiter by Laeda Tyndarus the King of Sparta's Wife
deceiv'd by Jupiter in the shape of a Swan by whom she had two egges and Twins in both in the first Helen and Pollux in the other Castor and Clytemnestra These Brothers cleered the Laconick Sea of Pyrates and for that action were accounted Gods of the Sea and prayed unto by Marriners in a Tempest They went with the Argonauts to Colchos in which voyage Pollux killed Amycus King of the Bebrycians that would have intercepted him At their return to their Country they recovered their Sister Helen stoln by Theseus and in his absence took a City from him VVhen Castor died the Grecians as true historians as Lucian say that Pollux who as aforesaid was hatcht out of the same immortall Egge with Helen prayed to his Father Jupiter that he might divide his immortality with his Brother which suit being granted they both died and both revived This Fable was invented from those Stars the celestiall Twins called Castor and Pollux by the Greeks both rising and setting together Castor had a Temple in Rome where the great money-Masters kept their iron-barred Trunks when they durst no longer trust Mars with them Sat. 14. And what Chests lin'd with gold with iron bound Castor now watches some of this gold Castor had for guarding it though not very much as may be gathered by his coat of Plate beaten very thin Verse 185. In an Oxe-hide For many hundreds of years from the foundation of Rome there was no Law made against a Child for killing of his Father or Mother nor on the other part against Fathers and Mothers for murdering their Children Both Romulus and Solon forbore to make any such Law because they thought it impossible that such impiety should be committed and likewise because the prohibition might prove a provocation to the crime Cic. pro Sext. Rosc. The wickedness of after Ages inforced the legislative power to punish those unnatural Offenders in this manner The Murderer was sowed up in a leathern Sack with a Viper and so cast into the Sea Senec. lib. 5. Controv. 4. in fine But in Juvenal's time the Viper had the company of an Ape Sat. 8. For whom we should not as one Parracide One Ape One Serpent and One Sack provide Afterwards the circumstances of the punishment are thus described The Parricide having been whipt till he was cased in blood was sowed up in the Sack called Culeus together with a Dog a Cock a Serpent and an Ape Hern. Modest. Digest lib. 48. ad leg Pomp. de parric See Coel. Rhod. lib. 11. cap. 21. Verse 189. Gallicus Rutilius Gallicus the Praetor Vrbanus so favoured by Domitian Caesar that no Judge but he had any power at Court and all the business of the Forum and the Town was brought before him in his private house Verse 196. Meroe You may add to the description of Meroe in the Comment upon Sat. 6. That the Island-Nurses had breasts bigger then the Children that suckt them for which you have Juvenal's authority that lived in Aegypt Verse 102. The valiant Pygmey The Pygmeys are a People in the farthest parts of India Plin. l. 7. living in a healthfull aire and a Country where the whole Year is Spring time The tallest Pygmey is but three spans in height the ordinary sort only a cubit high from whence they derive their name of Pygmey 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifying a cubit Their Wives child every fifth year and at eight are old women Some say they ride upon Goats with darts in their hands In the Spring of the year the whole Nation marches to the Sea shore where in three moneths time they destroy the Egges and Chickens of their enemies the Cranes which otherwise would oppress them with multitude They build their houses of clay birds dung and feathers In Thrace they held the City of Getania till the Cranes took it and forced them to seek out a new Plantation Plin. lib. 4. cap. 11. So Stephan that sayes the Pygmeys had their name from Pygmaeus the Son of Dorus Nephew to Epaphus Olaus Magnus tells us they are found in the Northern parts of the world and by the Germans called Serelinger that is a pace long They are properly called Pumiliones or Dwarfs by Stat. lib. 1. Sylv. I should hardly have believed there could be such a People but that my Author sets not his mark upon them as part of an old Nurses tale which neither he would nor any learned or rationall man will doe when he finds them cleered from that scruple by Aristotle lib. 8. Animal where he calls them Troglodytes because they live in Caverns under ground placing them in Aethiopia Upon the River Ganges in the East Indies they have the City Catuzza Philost See Homer Pompon Gell. Their ridiculous shape you may find in Ctes. Verse 219. Chrysippus The Stoick whose Sect would not allow a man to have any passion as not agreeable to his rationality See the beginning of the Comment upon Sat. 2. Verse 220. Thales One of the seven Sages of Greece He was the first that taught his Country-men Geometrie Apulei By his constant study of nature he is said to have found out the distinctions of time the quarters of the wind the diameter of the Sun to be the 720 th part of his Circle the motions of the Stars the cause of Eclipses and of the dreadfull sound of Thunder the obliquity of the Zodiack the five Circles or Zones of the Celestial Sphear and the Suns annuall return His profession was Merchandize Plut. He departed this life in the first year of the 58 Olympiad Pausanias Erxyclides being Archon dying as he sate at the Olympick Games quite spent with heat and thirst which at 87 or 90 years of age might easily overcome his weak spirits Verse 221. The good old man Socrates Neighbour to sweet Hymettus a Mountain in Attica abounding with Bees and excellent sweet honey Stephan Suid. He being falsely condemned as in the beginning of the Comment upon Sat. 2. was so far from desiring to be revenged of his Accusers or Judges that he would not suffer Lysias the Orator to plead in his defence Cic. in Cat. Major Socrates professed no man could hurt him because no man can be hurt by any but himself and in Plato he proves the doer of an injury to be more miserable then the sufferer No change of fortune could make him change his contenance which was the same even when he drank his poyson Verse 225. Happy Philosophy Which armed Chrysippus Thales and Socrates against the injury of man and power of fortune Verse 233. Caeditius A Judge under the Emperor Vitellius so cruel that he is compared to Rhadamanth one of the Judges of Hell Verse 237. A Spartan Glaucus Son to Epicidides of Lacedaemon He had so great a name for a just dealer that a Milesian told him he was desirous to enjoy the benefit of his justice and therefore having sold half his Estate he came to deposite the money in his hands After the
Frozen Sea which was then believed to be innavigable but the Hollanders have lately sailed so far in the North-east passage that they have discovered Nova Zembla within the Artick Circle but twelve degrees from the Pole Verse 3. Curian Temperance The Curian Family was enobled by the Temperance and Valour of Marcus Curius that triumphed over the Sabines Samnites and Leucanians and beat King Pyrrhus out of Italy but his greatest triumph was over himself and his affections as appears by his answer to the Samnite Ambassadors that finding his Table covered by the fire-side furnished only with earthen dishes and Curius himself roasting of roots for his supper beseeched him to better his poor condition by accepting a great sum of money from their hands to which he answered that he had rather still eat in earth and command the Samnites that were served in gold Being accused for plundering he produced a wooden vessell which upon proof appeared to be all he had of the spoil Liv. Verse 4. Bacchanals The Celebraters of the Bacchanalia or Dionysia the libidinous Feasts of Bacchus where virtue was death for they that refused to sacrifice to Lust were sacrificed by the fury of the Bacchanals Of the abominable Ceremonies used at these Feasts see Liv. St. Augustine They were at last as a Seminary of wickedness interdicted by the Senate Verse 5. Chrysippus The Philosopher Chrysippus the most ingenious Scholar to Zeno the first Stoick and to his Successor Cleanthes from both which Masters he only desired to know Doctrines and bid them leave the Proofs to him indeed he was so incomparable a Logician that it grew to a Proverb If the Gods would study Logick they would read Chrysippus He was Son to Apollonides by some called Apollonius of Tarsis but he was born at Soli a City of Cilicia Having spent what his father left him in following a Kings Court he was compelled to study Philosophy as being capable of no other course that might buoy up his fortunes but after he was an eminent Philosopher he never dedicated any of his books as others did theirs to Kings and therefore was thought to be a great despiser of Honours Laertius But it is more probable that he following his studies to inrich himself would neglect no good Medium to a fortune and I rather believe that he having smarted so much by attendance at Court would never apply himself to Princes any more He died of a violent laughter with seeing an Asse eat figs as some say but of a Vertigo according to Hermippus in the 143 Olympiad having lived seventy three years Verse 7. Aristotle Was born at Stagyra a City of Thrace seated upon the river Strymon his Father was Nicomachus the Physician the Son of Macaon famed by Homer for his skill in Physick which it seems came to him extraduce for Micaon was the Son of Aesculapius Phaestias Mother to Aristotle was descended likewise from Aesculapius as some affirm but others say she was Daughter to one of the Planters sent from Chalcis to Stagyra He was a slender man crump-shouldered and stuttered naturally very much but for his incomparable erudition Philip of Macedon sought to him to be his Son Alexander's Tutor and Alexander made him his Secretary He was 18 years old when he came to Athens and there for 20 years he heard Plato The City of Stagyra from its ruines was for his sake reedified by his Pupill Alexander the great When Alexander marched into Asia Aristotle returned to Athens and read Philosophy in the Lyceum thirteen years from whence his Scholars were properly called Peripateticks of the Lyceum to distinguish them from the Peripateticks of the Academy the Platonists yet afterwards they were known by the name of Peripateticks only whereof he himself is deservedly styled the Prince After all the benefits received from him by Athens the return made was an impeachment drawn up against him that he was no true worshiper of the Gods But this as you shall presently see had formerly been the case of Socrates by the sad example of whose death Aristotle learned to decline the envy and fury of that unthankfull City from whence he went to Chalcis in Eubaea and there died in the sixtie third year of his age and the 114 Olympiad when Philocles was Archon the very same year Demosthenes also died in Calauria both being forced to fly their Countries Aristotle was the first that made a Library Strabo lib. 3. which together with his School he left to Theophrastus that taught the Kings of Aegypt how to order their Library by disposing of their Books into severall Classes Verse 8. Pittacus Pittacus one of the seven Sages of Greece assisted by the Bretheren of Alcaeus the Poet slew Melancrus Tyrant of Lesbos in the chief City whereof viz. Mytelene Pittacus was born A war breaking out between the Athenians and Mytelenians about the Achilleian fields he was chosen General for his Country and finding his Army too weak to dispute that Title in the field he challenged Phryno Generall of the Athenians to a single combat and met him like a Fisher-man his visible armes being a Trident Dagger and Shield but under it was a Net which in the Duel he cast over the head of Phryno and so conquered him by stratagem that had been Victor by his Giantly strength in the Olympick Games Strabo Laert. This Duel Lyps saith was the original of those kind of prizes played by the Roman Gladiators called the Retiarius and Secutor or Mirmillo described in this Satyr to the shame of so noble a person as one of the Gracchi was that for a poor salary was hired by the Praetor to venture his life as a Retiarius or Net-bearer against the Secutor's Fauchion You may see their figures as they acted in the Circus in the Designe before this Satyr So long as his Country needed him to manage the warres so long Pittacus held the Sovereign power as an absolute Prince But when the warre was ended he like an absolute Philosopher put an end to his own authority and after a voluntary resignation of his power continued for ten years he lived ten years more a private person Laert. Val Max. being about fourscore he dyed in the third year of the 52 Olympiad Aristomenes being Archon Verse 9. Cleanthes Cleanthes the Stoick was Scholar to Crates and Successor to Zeno Founder of the Stoicks his Father was Phanius of Assus by his first profession he was a VVrastler but it brought him in no great revenue for all he had was but four Drachma's when he came to hear Crates and to get a lively-hood under him and Zeno he was forced to work by night to keep himself from hunger and scorn in the day time The Court of Areopagus citing him to clear the suspicion of Fellony and give an account how he lived he produced a Woman for whom he ground meal and a Gardiner that payed him for drawing of water and shewed Zeno's Dictates writ in shells and
Statues th' other comes EUPHRANOR'S work or POLYCLET'S rare piece This gives old buskins of the Gods of Greece Books Shelfs MINERVA to the waste he brings A bushell full of silver he more things And better then he his could ever call This Persian now receives more rich then all Rome's childless men suspected to conspire Good cause the setting his own house on fire Could you be from the Circus wean'd you may Buy a neat house at Fabrateria At Sora or Frusino for what here You sit at to hire darkness by the year There your short Well no bucket needs but wets With ease your little Garden 's tender Sets Live love thy rake and sallets neatly drest Which may a hundred Pythagoreans feast 'T is somewhat be where 't wil to be decreed Lord of so much as may one Lizard feed Most sick men here with over-watching die Such crudities breed meats that baking lie Upon the burning stomack What ease get Poor Ttadesmen next the street sleep's for the great Hence spring diseases when the waggons meet At th' oblique turning of some narrow street The Car-men there that stand and scold would keep Dull DRUSUS or the Sea-calf from his sleep When business calls the crow'd a rich man shun Lest over them his huge Sedan should run Which he Reads writes or sleeps in as he goes For sleep will come if he the curtains close Yet he 's there first for as we haste we finde A stream before us and a tide behinde He shoves with 's elbows he with harder blocks Our heads this cowl-staffe and that barrell knocks Dirt noints our thighs and then the great foot kicks And in our fingers th' horsemans rowell sticks Seest thou what smoak the Sportula breaths out A hundred Guests their Kitchin 's lug'd about Scarce CORBULO could such huge Chargers lift And Chafingdishes as one Groom makes shift To bear on 's steady head and runs so fast He fans the coals and tears his cloaths with haste Now meets he Carts wherein tall Fir-trees quake Now some that Pine-trees at the people shake Then breaks the Axletree whose Carriage bears Ligurian stones and pour'd about his ears That mountain thy unlucky Slave intombes Of his beshatter'd Carkas what becomes Where limbs or bones lie who can finde the holes Poor men's whole bodies vanish like their souls His Fellowes safe at home the dishes wash Blow with their mouths the fire the Nointers clash And Boyes doe in their several places toyl To fold up napkins full of sweat and oyle Whil'st Novice-Ghost he sits upon the shoar Afraid of CHARON hopeless to get o're Foul Styx from 's mouth not able to defray Poor soul that token should his waftage pay Note more dangers that attend the night To batter out our brains from what a height Pots are pour'd out which crackt or slipping print The pavement with their weight and hurt the flint Thou 'lt be thought dull senseless of casual ill To sup abroad and first not make thy Will For with so many fates thou art to meet As waking windowes open to the street Wish therefore wretch and pray they may but crown Thy head with that foul sullage they cast down The wild and drunken youth unless he fight And kill his man can take no rest that night But like ACHILLES when for 's friend he mourns Now on his face then on his back he turns His own he looses if Rom's peace he keep A Quarrell still is prologue to his sleep Yet though rash years and hotter wine provoke He 's subtle and avoids the purple cloak And his long train of Friends and Grooms that passe With burning torches and with lamps of brasse But I that have the Moon before me born Or husband a short candle am his scorn Hear how we quarrel'd if a Quarrell 't were where he layes on the blows I only bear He stands before me and commands me stand And I must be obedient to 's command Alas what would you have a man to doe In hands of one that 's mad and stronger too Whence com'st he cries whose beans have swell'd thy gut Whose vinegar hast drunk what Cobler put His purse to thine some rare chopt leeks to buy To eat with a fry'd Sheeps-head thou'lt reply Speak or I 'll kick thee say where dwel'st thou what Proseucha shall I finde thee begging at Make answers or say nothing all 's alike He 'll beat thee and make oath that thou didst strike A poor mans liberty is only this He must the hand that bastinads him kiss And give the beater thanks withall his heart He 'll let him with some few of 's teeth depart Nor is this all thy danger he 's not farre Will rob thee when their dores Shop-keepers barre When every hinge is silent Theevs then creep To cut thy throat for when our Souldiers keep The Pontine Fenns and guard the Galline Wood Rogues thence run hither for their livelyhood What forge what anvill but where chains are wrought Such store of iron to make fetters bought That shortly to want plough-shares we may fear That pruning-hooks and mattocks will be dear Our Great-grand-fathers Grand-fathers were blest They under Kings and Tribunes liv'd the best When throughout Rome one Prison serv'd for all I could say more But see the Cattel call The Sun too is declining I must go The Carter cracks his whip and tells me so Farewell think on me and when Rome signes thee A Pass to thy sweet AQUINE call on me From Cumae we 'll to Elvine CERES ride To thy DIANA thou shalt be my guide If us this shame not booted I 'll assist In your moist grounds my fellow-Satyrist The Comment UPON THE THIRD SATYR· VErse 2. Cumae A City in Campania upon the Sea-coast neer to Puteoli built by the Cumaeans a people of Asia whose Generall Hippocles joyning with Megasthenes Generall for the Chalcidians the Articles between them were so drawn that Hippocles was to have the naming of the City and Megasthenes the right of colony or plantation Strabo lib. 5. Thus the Cumaeans of Aeolia gave the name to that Town from which the Sibyll called Cumaea received hers Verse 4. Baiae Another City of Campania so named from Baius one of Vlysses his Mates there buried Neer to this City were the Baths or that confluence of warm Springs whereunto the noblest Romans resorted both for pleasure and health which made it flourish with many fair and Princely Buildings Martial to Valerius Flaccus Vt mille laudem Flacce versibus Baias Laudabo dignè non satis tamen Baias Should I with thousand verses Baiae praise Her praises to her worth I could not raise As much in commendations of the place is said by Horace in his Epistles Nullus in orbe locus Baiis praelucet amoenis Sweet Baiae no place in the world excells Verse 5. Prochyta A little desolate Island in the Tyrrhene Sea one of those called the Aeolian Isles some say it was a Mountain in the Isle of Enarime
and Atropos the Daughters of Erebus and Night The first bore the Distaffe the second spun the Thread and the third when it came to the determined end cut it off Apuleius thinks the ternary number of the Destinies or Parcae to be derived from the number of three points of time that the Flax wound about the Distaffe signifies the time past the Thread in spinning the time present and that which is not twisted the time to come The old Latins called these three Sisters Nona Decima and Morta Verse 36. Arturius and Catulus These two from poor beginnings had raised themselves to great Estates and Offices and made use of their wealth and authority to ingross all good Bargains and to monopolize all beneficiall places and employments even to those of the Scavenger and Gold-finder Verse 40. Spear At Auctions or publick sales of mens goods part whereof was their Slaves the Romans ever stuck up a Spear to give notice to the Town Cic. Phil. and when they came in there was upon the place an Affix posted up which contained a Particular of the parcels to be sold with their several prices Sig. de Jud. Under the Spear sate the Cryer asking who giveth most and by him an Officer some Arturius or Catulus for Voucher Verse 43. Revers'd Thumbs At any Sword-play either in the Circus or upon Theaters it was in the power of the People to make the Gladiators or Fencers fight it out and die upon the place or to discharge them and likewise to restore them to their liberty lost by the baseness of their calling for the present and if they pleased for ever The first was done by bowing down their Thumbs the second as by these words appears with turning up their Thumbs the third by giving them a Rod or Wand called Rudis the last by bestowing Caps upon them Qui insigniori cuique homicidae Leonem poscit idem Gladiatori atroci petat Rudem Pileum praemium conferat He that will have a notorious Murderer exposed to the Lyons even he will give to the bloody Gladiator a Rudis and reward him with a Cap Tertul. de Spect. cap. 21. Verse 54. Toads Entrails The skilfullest Aruspex that ever divined by Toads Entrails was Locusta much imployed in that service by Agrippina and by the Son of her vitious Nature Nero. Verse 65. Dark Tagus Tagus is a River of Lusitania rolling golden sands Plin. by which my Author conceives the stream to be darkned Neer to this Spanish River if we credit Pliny Mares are hors'd by the West-winde and foale Ginnets infinite Fleet but their time of life is swifter for they never live to above three years old Verse 71. Greek Town Rome where Graecians that were Johns of all Trades and could do every thing to please the humour of a Roman carried away the men like ships with a breath and where the very women affected and spake the Greek tongue Sat. 6. old Woman fie let Girls doe so Wilt thou fourscore and six be Greekish chast Greek is not when 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 thou say'st Life soul and fool'st thy husband in a crowd With words for which thy Sheets were late a shrowd Verse 73. Orontes A River of Caelesyria that springs up not farre from Mount Lebanon and the City of Seleucia Pieria where it sinks under ground and riseth again in the Apemene Territorie running by Antioch and falling into the Sea neer Seleucia It was called Orontes by his name that first made a Bridge over it for before they called it Tryphon Strab. Verse 76. Circus The great Shew-place at Rome neer to that part of Mount Aventine where the Temple of Diana stood Tarquinius Priscus built Galleries about it where the Senators and People of Rome to the number of a hundred and fifty thousand might see the running of great Horses at Lists Fireworks Tumbling and baiting or chasing of wilde Beasts In after Ages there was likewise to be seen Prizes played by the Fencers or Gladiators and in Vaults underneath it stood women that would prostitute their bodies for money Rosin Antiq. and as you may see in this Satyr And hackney-Sluts that in the Circus stand Verse 79 Our nointed Clown The meanest sort of Roman Fencers had their necks nointed with an artificiall Clay made of oyle and earth and so that they were able to compass such a nointing with a Trechedipna or a poor Poste-Gown in which they might runne to the Sportula either to get a share in the hundred farthings or in the Clients plain Supper their ambition was satisfied But the Greek Peasants though farre meaner as subject to these scorned such low thoughts aiming to recover that by cozenage which they had lost by fighting with the Romans Verse 81. Andros An Island in the Aegaean Sea being the principall of the Cyclades where there is a Spring whose water every year upon the fifth day of January tastes like wine Plin. lib. 2. Samos is an Island in the Icarian Sea right against Ionia Ptolomy Amydon a City of Paeonia or Macedonia that gave assistance to the Trojans Alaband a City in Caria Plin. Ptol. infamous for effeminate men and impudent singing women only famous for the birth of Appolonius the Rhetor. Trallis a Town of Caria in the Lesser Asia Plin. lib. 5. Sicyon an Island in the Aegean Sea opposite to Epidaurum very high and eminent Plin. From this Isle Minerva was called Sicyonia because Epopaeus there built a Temple to her for his victory against the Boeotians Verse 83. Mount Esquiline The seven hills that Rome stood upon were the Palatine the Quirinal the Aventine the Caelian the Esquiline the Tarpeian or Capitoline and the Viminall the last being so called from the VVickers or Oziers growing upon it Verse 88. Isaeus The fluent Orator whose Scholar Demosthenes was Verse 96. At Athens born Daedalus that put off his VVings at Cumae as before Verse 100. Syrian Figs Syrian Figs Sea-coal and the Grecians came in with one wind and for one purpose viz. to be sold in the Market at Rome Verse 102. Sabine Olives Olives growing in the narrow but long Country of the ancient Sabines which reached from Tyber as farre as the Vestines and was bulwarkt on both sides by the Apennine Mountains Plin. Verse 106. Antaeus A Giant begot by Neptune upon the Earth sixty four cubits high He spent his youth in Libya at the Town of Lixus afterwards called the Palace of Antaeus Ever when he found himself weary or over-toyled he recovered his strength and spirits by touching of the Earth his Mother and therefore Hercules when they two wrastled together held him up in the aire that the earth should not refresh him The great Roman Souldier Sertorius at Tygaena a town of Libya digged up the Sepulcher of Antaeus and found his body Plutarch Verse 111. Doris A Sea Nymph Daughter to Oceanus and Thetis and VVife to her Brother Nereus by whom she had an infinite number of Children Sea-Nymphs
that from their Fathers name were called Nereides Her Picture was alwayes drawn naked and so it seems the Greek Players acted her Verse 112. Thais A famous Curtesan born in Alexandria that setting up for her self at Athens drew the custome of all the noble Youth of that learned City She was rarely charactered by Menander the Poet in a Comedy which probably was acted in Rome by the rare Greek Comedians Demetrius Antiochus Stratocles and Haemus Verse 137. Gymnasium is here taken for any Room wherein the Greek Philosophers read to their Roman Pupills Verse 139. Bareas Bareas Soranus was impeached of high Treason by his Friend and Tutor P. Egnatius that took upon him the gravity of the Stoicks in his habit and discourse to express the Image of an honest Exercise Tacit. but the Informer was paid in his own coyn for he that impiously and basely had murdered his Scholar in Nero's time was himself in the reign of Vespasian condemned and executed upon the information of Musonius Rufus Dio Tacit. Verse 142. A feather fell In Cilicia P. Egnatius was born at a Town as lying as himself for there as their History sayes Bellerophon's Horse Pegasus having stumbled in the aire and sprained his Fetlock dropt a feather from his heel and ever since the Town was called Tarsus Verse 144. Erimantus Erimantus Protogenes and Diphilus were Greeks which the Great men of Rome trusted with the government of their Children Verse 158. Lictor See Praetor Sat. 1. whose Officer the Lictor was Verse 156. Modia Modia and Albina were rich Ladies that had not any Children of their own and therefore the Roman Lords courted them in as servil a manner as the Lords were attended by their Clients Sat. 5. Trebius oblig'd has that for which he must Break 's sleep and run ungarter'd and untrust For fear lest his saluting rivals may Have fill'd the Ring by dawning of the day Or at the time when the Seven-stars doe roll Their cold and sluggish Wain about the Pole Verse 160. The Tribune I conceive this Tribune to be the Militarie Tribune that commanded in chief with Consular power not one of those six that had every of them a thousand men in a Legion consisting of six thousand Verse 161. Catiena Catiena Calvina and Chio were rich Curtezans too dear for the Common sort of Romans for mean people were hardly able to pay their Sedan-men or Chair-bearers Verse 166. Cybel's Host. Scipio Nasica whom the Senate judged to be the best man and therefore when Cybele Mother of the Gods was first brought to Rome with advice from the Oracle that she should be entertained by the best man they voted her to be lodged in his House When he found himself inauspiciously named for Consull by Gracchus he resigned his Authority When he was Censor he made the Consulls Statues be pulled down which had been set up in the Forum by every mans ambition When he discharged the Office of Consull he took the City of Deiminium in Dalmatia His Army put upon him the name of Imperator and the Senate decreed him a Triumph but he refused both He was very eloquent very learned in the Law and with an excellent wit a most wise man and in the esteem of all Rome worthy his noble Ancestors the two Africani He left not money enough to pay for his Funerall expenses therefore they were defraied by the People and in every street through which the body past they strewed flowers Plin. lib. 22. cap. 3. Verse 166. Numa See the beginning of the Comment upon this Satyr Verse 167. He that sav'd our Pallas L. Metellus the Pontifex Maximus before mentioned that when the Temple of Vesta was burned down rescued from the flame the Palladium or wooden Image of Pallas brought from Troy But his piety had a very sad success for venturing too desperately into the fire he lost both his eyes Plin. lib. 7. cap. 44. This Metellus in the first Punick VVarre for his victories over the Carthaginians had a most glorious triumph for he led through Rome thirteen great Commanders of the Enemie and sixscore Elephants Verse 174. Samothracians Samothracia or Samothrace is an Island in the Aegaean Sea neer to that part of Thrace where the River Hebrus falls into the Sea Stephan It was anciently called Dardania from Dardanus the Trojan that is reported to have fled thither with the Palladium but the first name of this Island was Leucosia Aristot. in his Republick of Samothracia The Gods worshiped by these Islanders were Jupiter Juno Pallas c. from the Samothracians brought to the Romans whose peculiar Deities were Mars and Romulus Verse 188. Vain Otho L. Roscius Otho when he was Tribune passed a Theatrall Law wherein he distinguished the Roman Knights from the Common people assigning fourteen Benches in the Theater only for the Knights that is for such as had an Estate worth four hundred Sestertia being about three thousand one hundred twenty five pound of our money by which Law they that were not worth so much incurred a penalty if they presumed to sit upon any of those Benches Cic. Philip. 2. See likewise his Orat. for Muraen Verse 191. Aediles The Romans had three sorts of Aediles The first they called Aediles Curules from the Chariot they rid in these were chosen out of the Senate Pilet in lib. 2. Cic. epist. fam 10. and had in charge the repairing both of Temples and private Houses The second sort were Aediles Plebeii chosen out of the People and these came into Office when the Curules went out they ruling several years by turns Alex. Gen. Dier lib. 4. c. 4. these were impowred together with their charge of Temples and private Dwellings to punish the falsifying of Weights and Measures to look to the publick Conduits and to make provision for Festivall Playes The third sort were Clerks of the Market looking to the Corn and Victuals sold in publick Alex. ibid. these were the Aediles Cerealis in ordinary the extraordinaries were the Annonae praefecti Rosin Antiq. l. 7. c. 38. Verse 198. Marsians The Marsians were a poor but stout People of Italy Neighbours to the Samnits descended from Marsus Sonne to the Witch Circe Men that with their spittle cured such as were bitten by Vipers Plin. Verse 199. Sabellian Food Such pitifull poor meat as served the Sabellians which inhabited that part of Italy lying upon the Mountains betwixt the Marsians and the Sabines They were conquered by M. Curius the Dictator Their ancient name was Samnites Stephan lib. 3. cap. 12. Verse 206. The pale gaping thing The vizarded Fool in the Play Verse 215. What giv'st thou To the Lord Cossus his Chamber-keepers to let thee in Verse 216. Veiento Fabricius Veiento a Lord of the Senate how proud he was of his honour and excessive wealth may be gathered from hence poor men not being able to get so much as the favour of a look from him unless they bought it of his Servants how politick a Courtier
they sung the subject-mattter was still fained and therefore Juvenal sayes they must speak because the storie is true Verse 45. Our last Flavius The Flavian Family as it was Imperial began in Vespasian and ended in Domitian that by way of jeer was called bald Nero for that he had all the ill qualities of his Predecessor Nero and would have looked like him if he had not wanted his head of hair Verse 47. Adriatick The Sea that parts Italy from Dalmatia and is now called the Gulf of Venice Verse 48. Greek Ancona The chief City of the Pisans built by the Sicilians upon the Adriatick shoar where the Emperor Trajan was at the charge of making a commodious Haven a work of great magnificence Plin. lib. 3. cap. 13. The name of the City is Greek shewing the figure of the place to be like a bended Elbow which the Greeks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Verse 50. Maeotis A Scythian Lake or Sea freezing in Winter that in Summer dischargeth it self into the Euxine Sea by the Cimmerian Bosphorus The fish there bred as of a greater size then any other is called Maeotick fish Stephan These straits of Bosphorus are to the South at the North is another Bosphorus or Straits where Cattel have adventured to swim over called Thracius which openeth into the Propontis the South end whereof is called Hellespont from whence to the Mediterranean it bears the name of the Aegaean Sea Verse 54. Chiefe Bishop There was in Rome a Colledge of Pontifices or Bishops consisting of four the number appointed by Numa chosen out of the Nobility whereunto were added four more out of the Commons Fenest de Sacerd. These eight were the Major Bishops to which Sylla added seven Minor Bishops Rosin Ant. lib. 3. cap. 22. This College of fifteen was exempted from all temporall Jurisdiction and commissioned in their own Court of Judicature to hear and determine the Causes of Priests and private Persons the President of this Colledge was stiled Chief Bishop or Pontifex Maximus a title that after the Inauguration of the Roman Emperors devolved to the Crown Verse 60. Caesar's Vivaries The Emperor's Fish-ponds where the great Turbot had been formerly inclosed and from thence made an escape into the Adriatick Sea as the Informers Palfurius and Armillatus would pretend to avoid the Law knowing very well that by the Civill Law any man to his own use may take fishes which never belonged to any Pond as ferae naturae the wild creatures of nature Verse 71. Lake Albane Lake Verse 71. Robb'd Alba A City in Latium built by Ascanius Son to Aeneas and by King Tullus Hostilius taken sleighted and robbed of all the Treasure and Reliques which the Trojans had there placed in the Temple of Vesta only her fire was left out of a superstitious fear that it boaded ill luck to have the Vestall fire extinguished in any place Alba took its name from the white Sow with thirty Pigs sucking her being the first living thing the Trojans saw at their landing in Italy Sat. 12. Our white Land-mark then The Albane Mountain came within their ken That seat where young Julus pleas'd his minde Lavinium to his Step-mother assign'd By th' o're-joy'd Trojans from the white Sow nam'd That from her thirty ne're-seen paps was fam'd Verse 77. Caesar. The word Caesar is put in upon my own account for that used by my Author is Atrides Agamemnon So Juvenal here calls Domitian scoptically as in the end of this Satyr he calls him our mighty General and in the beginning of this Satyr Chief Bishop Pontifex Maximus because in his Feasts he exceeded the Pontifices from whom a great Supper was called Caena Pontifica by the Italians that have now varied the phrase to buccone per Cardinale a Morsel for a Cardinal Verse 80. Genius The ancient Heathens called God Genius afterwards they took Genius for a subordinate Spirit and thought every man at his nativity to have a good and a bad Genius assigned him but some conceived a Genius to be the Spirit that stirs up men to pleasure therefore amongst the Romans the time of feasting were called Genial dayes and when they made great treatments it was grown into a Proverb among them that they met to indulge the Genius Verse 92. Bayliffe Pegasus a great Civil Lawyer born in Alba where the great Turbot was brought to Domitian now Praefectus Vrbis or Chancellor of Rome all Causes of what nature soever within a hundred miles of Rome being heard in his Court Fenestell Alexand. Neopl Sigon But in the reign of the Tyrant Domitian this great Judge stood only for a Cypher and to be Praefect of Rome was no more then to be Bayliffe of a Village Verse 97. Crispus Vibius Crispus a rich subtle and smooth-tongu'd Orator but his abilities were more in private causes then in publick business Quintil. He was born at Placentia Tacit. and lived to be fourescore years old in the several Courts of evill Emperors yet he still kept in favour by being as the Marquess of Winchester in the like case said of himself a Willow and not an Oak In a Progress-time he followed Caesars Chariot on foot When he was a Youth Nero whispered him in the ear and asked him Crispus hast thou ever enjoyed thy own Sister he answered not yet Sir a cautious and a handsome return from one that would not own a crime he never committed and yet durst not finde fault with any that should offend in the same kinde it being Nero's Case In Domitians time being asked if any one were with the Emperor Crispus answered not a flie Sir Sueton. This was a pleasant but a sharp reply for Domitian in the beginning of his Empire used every day to withdraw for an hour only to kill flies Crispus was twice Consull twice married and left an Estate of 00 H. S. Verse 113. Acilius Acilius Glabrio a Man of singular prudence and fidelity Plin. He was Consul with Vlp. Trajan eight hundred fourty five years after Rome was built at the very time when Domitian commanded himself to be called Lord and God Eutrop. lib. 9. Sueton in Domit. That Acilius lived to be fourscore years old and then sate in Councel about the Turbot we have Juvenal's authority but after this he was charged with designs of innovation so was the Youth that came to the Councell with him his Son Domitius and both of them were condemned yet was the old man's Sentence changed into Banishment not out of the Emperors mercy but cruelty that he might afflict himself with remembrance of the untimely death of his Son who knowing his life was sought by Domitian at this time soon after counterfeited madness in hope that would take off the Tyrant in whose sight he fought naked with Lions in the Albane Theater where Domitian at his own charge brought wilde beasts to be slain and killed a hundred with his own hands Sueton. This Impeachment against the Father and Sonne pretended to be
consumed by the protracting policy of Fabius Maximus that would not come to a battel Liv. lib. 4. Eutr lib. 3. after this he recruited and fought the Consuls Paulus Aemilius and Terentius Varro at Cannae where the Romans lost fourty thousand foot and two thousand seven hundred horse in which number were so many men of quality that Hannibal sent to Carthage three bushels and a half of gold-Rings worn upon their fingers by noble Romans to distinguish them from the Common People All these Rings were revenged by a poor Annulet worn upon the finger of Hannibal which in the Collet had a private box a very small one but yet large enough to hold preventive poyson Sat. 10. But the revenge of Cannae for that spring Of Roman blood was a poor little Ring From Cannae Hannibal marched within three miles of the City but the weather proved tempestuous lightning and thundering as if the Artillery of Heaven had been planted in defence of Rome This suspended the resolution of Hannibal Many great Officers of his Army congratulated his victory and wished him for a day or two to rest himself and his forces Maharbal General of his horse gave his vote for a present march to Rome You will said he see the consequence of this battel five dayes hence when you feast your victorious Commanders in the Capitol let the horse follow them let them behold Hannibal himself before they hear of his comming No sayes Hannibal let the Enemy goe before us the designe is glorious but the way more difficult then can be suddenly imagined He therefore commended the good intentions of Maharbal but to act what he advised time must be taken Then said Maharbal The Gods have not made one man capable of all things Hannibal you know how to conquer but you know not how to use your Conquest Liv. lib. 22. After his Army had rested in Campania and feasted at Capua Marcellus at Nola routed him Liv. Eutr 3. Flo. 3. At Cannae he lost the honour which he had formerly won upon the place where he was overthrown by Sempronius Gracchus Now Hannibal in the declination of his fortune having no better luck at Sea then at Land was called home again to Carthage besieged by Scipio Africanus Scipio hearing that Hannibal was landed met him at Zama there fought him slew twenty thousand Carthaginians and took very neer as many Prisoners Hannibal fled first to King Antiochus then to Prusias King of Bithynia But the Romans demanded him of both these Kings as Author of the breach of peace between Cartharge and Rome so that Hannibal seeing no hope of safety for himself put an end to all his own and the Romans fears and jealousies by taking the poyson which he alwayes carried about him in his Ring Verse 217. Hellen's Rape Hellen's Rape Medea's Charms and the Ingratitude of Jason that married Creusa putting away Medea the preserver of his life and his Father Aeson's Cure these and the like were Cases argued in the Schools by Rhetoricians to prepare them for Moot-Cases of the Law and disputes at the Barre Verse 230. Theodorus Chrysogonus and Pollio were Theodorians for so they called those Rhetorick-Masters that read to their Pupils the works of Theodorus Gadareus He was an excellent Orator born at Gadara a Syrian City not farre from Ascalon yet he chose to write himself of Rhodes Strab. Hermagorus that writ the Art of Rhetorick was his Scholar and Tiberius afterward Caesar when he retired himself to Rhodes was one of his studious Auditors Verse 235. Numidian In Rome the richest pillars were of Numidian Marble and it seems that some wealthy Voluptuaries had Dining-rooms which turned round upon those Pillars that they might command the Sun have as much or as little of his light and heat as they would or if they pleased none at all Verse 241. Poor two Two Sestertia came but to five pound at most by Lubins account but sure the place is false printed it should be fifteen pound at least which Juvenal thinks to be a mean annuall Stipend for a Rhetorick-Master to receive from his Pupil's Father but he tells you Nothing costs Fathers less then Sons A Sentence that holds as true in our times as it did when my Author was living or when Crates cryed out of a Window to his fellow Citizens the Thebans O Country-men what madness hath possessed you you have a great care of the goods you will leave to your Children and no care at all of the Children to whom you will leave those goods Verse 242. Quintilian See the Comment upon Sat. 6. He is often named never without honour by his Scholar Juvenal that in this Satyr prayes Grant Heav'n that gentle weightless Earth may lie On our Forefathers bones and sprout on high In flowr's which to the aire perfumes may bring Clothing their Urns in a perpetual Spring Because a Tutor they did still repute To be the sacred Parents Substitute This Prayer was made by Juvenal out of the Principles of his Tutor Quintilian that writes thus In the mean time of one thing I admonish Scholars That they love their Tutors no less then their Studies and believe them to be the Parents not of their boates but of their mindes lib. de Discip. Officio Verse 257. Ventidius Ventidius Bassus Son to an Ascalon Bond-woman He was taken and led through Rome by Cn. Pompeius Strabo Father to Pompey the great when he triumphed for his victory over the Picenians He was first a Car-man then a Muliteer afterwards he was in one year created Praetor and Consul He was made General against the Parthians and returned to Rome triumphant So that he who at first was Prisoner to a Roman General and lay in a Dungeon at last as General of the Roman forces filled the Capitol with Parthian spoils See Val. Max. lib. 6. c. 10. A. Gell. lib. 15. c. 4. Verse 257. Tully M. Tullius Cicero was born among the Volscians at Arpinum now Abruzzo He was Son to Helvia a poor but a marvelous good woman Who his Father was we know not some think him a parallel to our good-man Plantagenet for they say he derived himself from Tullius Attius one of the old Volscian Kings but others report him to be a Fuller of Cloth Plutarch in Cic. It seems Cicero was of very mean Parentage Sat 8. This new man Tully this poor Arpinate Late made at Rome a Country-Gentleman Nor was he ashamed of the meanness of his birth for when some friends moved him to change his Plebeian name of Cicero that smelt of pease he told them he would keep it and make it as noble as the Scauran or Catulan name Plutarch And he was as good as his word for besides his first place in the Catalogue of all the Roman Orators and Philosophers he obliged his Country by making many wholsome Lawes and by abrogating the Lex Agraria the Law for division of Lands which had cost so much blood since it was passed by
that drew with perfect lines the aire of the face sweetning it with the hair and by the confession of Artists no Picture-drawer ever came neer him for giving of the last hand to a Piece Yet Timentes put him down in the drawing of Ajax but he had the better of Zeuxes For when Zeuxes had drawn a bunch of grapes so to the life that Birds flew to peck them Parrhasius painted a linnen Cloth so artificially that Zeuxes presuming no man could match his grapes proudly bid him take away the Cloth and shew him his Picture but when he found his errour he ingeniously gave Parrhasius the honour of the day for that he himself had only cozened the Birds but Parrasius had deceived an Artist Plin. lib. 35. cap. 10. Fab. lib. 12. Verse 130. Phidias A Statuary never equalled for carving in Ivory yet he was far better at making of Gods then Men Quintil. His Master-piece was the Ivory Statue of Minerva at Athens 39 cubits high in her Shield was the Battail of the Amazons and the Giants War in her Sandals the Fight between the Centaurs and the Lapiths The next to this was his Jupiter Olympius carved in one intire piece of Ivory then his Venus that stood at Rome in the Portico of Octavia Plin. l. 35. cap. 8. He made a Statue ten cubits high of Nemesis the Goddess of reward and punishment at Rhamnus a Town in Attica This Minerva as Antigonus describes her occasioned the Proverb Rhamnusia Nemesis she held in her hand the bough of an Applle-tree and in one of the folds Phidias ingraved the name of his beloved Schollar Agoracritus Parius Phidias was first a Painter and drew the Shield of Minerva at Athens Verse 130. Myron A famous Statuary especially for his Heifer a piece so carved to life that Poets have made it immortall See the Greek Epigrams and Ausonius and Propert. Verse 131. Polyclet A most incomparable Statuary See the Comment upon Sat. 3. Verse 132. Mentor An excellent Graver of Plate Plin. l. 12. c. 11. Mart. Vasaque Mentorea nobilitata manu And Vessels grav'd by Mentor's noble hand Crassus the Orator had two Goblets of Mentor's workmanship which cost him about 2500 French Crowns Plin. lib. 33. cap. 13. Verse 133. Antonius My Author having described the riches of the East before those parts were made Roman Provinces now names the Governors that inriched themselves with the spoil of those Countries wherewith they were intrusted by the State of Rome C. Antonius was banished for six years by the Censors the reason upon record was for that he had polled the Associates of Rome See Pedian and Strab. Verse 134. Dolabella Proconsul of Asia accused by M. Scaurus and condemned upon the Law de Repetundis Tacit. Verse 135. Verres Governour of Sicily accused by Cicero part of his charge was Dico te maximum pondus auri argenti c. I say thou hast exported an infinite of Gold Silver Ivory and Purple great store of Malta Vests great store of Bedding much Furniture of Delos many Corinthian Vessels a great quantity of Corn Wine and Hony Cicero presses this against him as theft but Juvenal calls it sacrilege because Verres in robbing the Associates of Rome robbed the Gods to whom the Romans ingaged for protection of their Friends and Allies See the Comment upon Sat. 2. Verse 141. Lares Houshold Gods Vid. the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 146. Oild Corinth A City of Achaia in the middle of the Peloponnesian Istthmus first called Ephire It was the noblest Town of Greece and standing commodiously between the Ionian and Aegaean Seas grew so potent as to hold competition with the City of Rome and so proud as to affront the Roman Embassadours and cast dirt upon them Strab. Hereupon the Senate decreed a war against the Corinthians as Violaters of the Law of Nations and sent an Army thither under the command of L. Mummius that besieged Corinth which could not prove a work of much difficulty the Inhabitants being strangely effeminate Venus was their Patroness in whose Temple two hundred Ladies of pleasure daily stood at Livery What men was this Town likely to train up but such as Juvenal describes that perfumed themselves with rich Oiles and Essences fitter to wear garlands then armes and to meet a Mistress in a bed then an Enemy in the field When Corinth was burnt by Mummius there was a confusion of rich mettals in the fire to the high advance of the Brass which ever after by way of excellence was called Corinthian Brasse Verse 146. Rhodes See the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 150. Illyrian Sea-men All the coast of the Adriatick Sea from Tergestum to the Ceraunian Mountains in the Confines of Epire are inhabited by the Illyrians Pomp. Mel. Dion Alex. These had a fair opportunity to make themselves good Sea-men Verse 150. Reapers The Aegyptians a description of whose fruitfull soil and vain People I have given you at large in Pliny's Panegyrick Verse 153. Marius Marius Priscus Proconsul of Africa how he rifled the wealth of that Province and his Accusation and mock-Sentence you read in the Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 160. Sibyl's Leaf I know not whether Juvenal means the ordinary leaves of the Sibyl's Books or the extraordinary Palme-tree leaves wherein Sibylla Cumaea writ down her predictions but this I am sure of he prophecies as truly as any of the Sibyls of the revolt of the Africans from the Roman Empire for the Pressures and Taxes laid upon them by their covetous Governours Verse 166. Harpy The Harpyes were Daughters to the Earth and Sea Serv. That they may enjoy their Father and Mother they dwell in Islands These winged creatures have the eares of a Bear the body of a Vulture the face of a Woman and hands with crooked tallons instead of fingers Virgil names but three of them Aello Ocypete and Caeleno which last Homer calls Podarge and sayes that of her Zephyrus begat Achilles his horses Balius and Zanthus Hesiod takes notice only of two Aello and Ocypete Appollonius numbers them like Hesiod Erythraeus observes that no more but two Harpyes are carved in an ancient Basis at Venice and there at this day to be seen in Saint Martins Church Yet others reckon three and Homer a fourth viz. Thyella In hell they were called Dogs in heaven Furies and Birds in earth Harpyes When Phineus King of Arcadia perswaded by his Wife Harpalice had put out the eyes of his Sons he himself by a judgement from heaven was struck blind and haunted by the Harpyes that with their dung spoiled all the rich dishes at his Table In the passage of the Argonauts to Colchos Phineus treated Jason that moved with indignation at the horrid sight bestowed upon the King Zethus and Calais Sons to Boreas which having wings like the Harpyes should beat them out of his Dominions They did so and chased them into the Isles of Plotae not far from Zacynthus where they were admonished by Iris in Hesiod
called Sister to the Harpyes to leave their pursuite of Joves Dogs this very word frighted the Borean Brothers and from their retreat the Isles of Plotae were afterwards called Strophades Virg. The Harpyes were bloody Plunderers and Extorters of money Sidon lib. 5. Epist. 7. They were evil women Apulei See their mythology in Coel. lib. 27. Verse 199. Bring thy birth from Picus He would be of a very ancient House that could bring down his Pedegree from Picus King of Latium Son to Saturn Father to Faunus and Grand-father to King Latinus He was a mighty skilfull Augur Circe fell in love with him but he refused her marriage and took to wife the Nymph Carmentis which so vexed the Goddess-witch that she struck him with her magicall Rod and turned him into a bird of his own name a Magpie Some think this Fiction invented from his Augury because he was the first that divining by the flight of birds made use of the Magpie Ovid. Metam 14. Verse 168. Giants The Sons of Titan that fought and beat Saturn and were defeated by Jove See the beginning of the Comment upon Sat. 6 Verse 161. Prometheus See the Comment upon Sat. 4. Verse 184. French Fools-hood The Santons of Aquitane neer Tholouse in France wore hoods that are by Martial called Bardocuculli Fools-hoods It seems that which in the day time was the French Fashion proved the Roman Mode at night when the young Lords ashamed to be known went to their first Debauches Verse 186. Damasippus A profuse young Nobleman that as my Author tells us was first Consul of Rome then a Chariot-Jocky afterwards a common Drunkard and at last a Stage-player Verse 199. Epona Goddess of Stables Damasippus swore by her as long as he was able to keep Race-horses and so did the Grooms of his Stable it being the Roman Custome for Servants to swear by their Masters darling-Deity Sat. 2. And by his Master 's Juno his man swears Verse 201. Tavern-Revels Or Cook-shop Revels for in Juvenal's time Cooks Shops were the Roman Taverns Verse 202. Syrophoenix A Vintner or Cook a Mungrel born betwixt Syria and Phoenicia from whence he transports the Oyles and Essences that serve his Guests when they noint after bathing and perfume their Wines Sat. 6. When Falern Wine with foamy Essence sweats Verse 207. Cyane Wife to Syrophoenix Verse 216. Painted Tavern-linnen Stained Table-clothes brought out of Syrophoenix his Country Verse 217. Armenian War Nero made war in Armenia that rebelled against him by his Lievtenant Domitius Corbulo Tacit. Verse 218. Rhene Damasippus had youth and strength but that he wanted honour to have fought for defence of the Roman Empire which extended to the River Rhene and the Istrian Flood now called the Rhiine and the Danow Verse 220. Ostium Now Hostia the next Sea-port to Rome where the Roman Fleet lay at Anchor Verse 220. Cybel's Priest You cannot wonder that he should lie dead drunk when you read the Comment upon Sat. 2. Verse 231. Thy Land neer Luca. Luca is a City of Tuscia so named from Lucumo King of Hetruria Strab. lib. 5. This City flourished anciently with men of great worth and valour from whom the Romans had their military Orders Verse 240. Swift Lentulus Celer or Swift was a surname of the noble house of Lentulus Verse 240. Laureol A Slave condemned to be hanged for running away from his Master This Slave was personated or acted upon the Theater by a Lord one of the Lentuli fellow-Actor to the Lord Damasippus that played a part in Catullus his Comedy called the Phantasm another of the Company was a Mamercus one of the Aemylian Family descended as aforesaid from Mamercus Son to Pythagoras My Author observes that it was the more base in these Noblemen to be Stage-players because they were Volunteers not prest men as in Nero's time for then Lords durst not refuse to act upon a Stage when the example was shewed them by their Emperor but these young Noblemen by their Prodigality brought to Want for a poor Salary offered themselves to act upon Theaters both as Players to spend their lungs and as Fencers to put their lives in the power of the People Verse 255. Thymele Latinus his pretty Wife but though her Husband presented her to Heliodorus the grand Informer that old block of which Latinus himself was a chip yet when she was courted upon the Stage by the young Mamercan Lord that acted a Love-passion some thing too naturally Latinus was so bold as to give him a sound box of the ear which would make the common people laugh more then any jeast made by Corynth the Clown that is here called Corynth the dull Fool. Verse 260. Gracchus The Gladiator mentioned Sat. 2. In the Designe before which Satyr you see him in the Circus as a Retiarius or Net-bearer flying from the Secutor or Pursuer just as Juvenal describes them here Verse 274. Seneca See the Comment upon Sat. 5. Verse 274. Nero. The Emperor Nero Schollar to Seneca but no follower of his precepts For by his wicked actions Nero changed his gallant Proper name into a base Appellative so that we call every cruel Tyrant Nero but it seems he fell back from his first course as in his time the Rivers did from theirs Plin. lib. 2. cap. 203. He grew to such a height of villany that he spared not his own family but was to his Mother brother Wife and all his neerest relations a bloody Parracide Euseb. lib. 2. cap. 24. Hist. Eccl. For which my Author intimates that Nero deserves a thousand deaths and therefore it would be too milde a Sentence that should condemn him as a single Parracide to be sowed up in a Sack with a Dog Cock Viper and Ape and cast into the Sea perhaps lest his naked body should defile the Element of water that washes out the filth from other things read Senec. lib. 5. Controv. Digest lib. 48. ad Leg. Pomp. de Parracid Coel. Rhod. lib. 21 cap. 21. Cic. pro Sext. Rosc. In the next place my Author aggravates Nero's murder of his Mother comparing it with the very same Crime committed by Orestes but not with the same intention nor seconded with the like cruelties For first Orestes took himself to have a Commission from the Gods to kill his Mother in revenge of his Father murdered by her when he had drunk hard at the Feast she made to welcome him home after his ten years absence at the siege of Troy Homer agrees with Juvenal that of the Matricide committed by Orestes Jove was Author and sent Mercury to bid Aegysthus take heed of imbruing his hands in Agamemnon's blood for if he did Orestes should revenge it upon his Mother and Aegysthus Hom. Odyss Then Nero slew his Sister in Law Antonia but Orestes did not kill his Sister Electra nor his Wife Hermione as Nero killed his VVife Poppaea nor poysoned he his neerest relations as Nero poysoned his Brother Britannicus Nor did Orestes in his
Crown th' old trembling Souldier took A helmet and at great JOVE'S Altar strook Fell like an Oxe in his old age despis'd And by th' ingratefull Plough-man sacrific'd Yet PRIAM dy'd a Man but his old Wife Surviv'd a Bitch and bark't away her life I come to our own stories passing by The Pontick King and SOLON'S wise reply That would not CRAESUS should his fortune praise Untill the close and evening of his dayes This caus'd the exile and imprisonment Of MARIUS made him in old age content In the Minturnian Fens to hide his head And ev'n in conquer'd Carthage to beg bread What parallel in nature had there been What happier Roman had Rome ever seen If when in all the pomp of war he past Our streets with crouds of Captives and at last Came from 's Teutonick Chariot to alight Then his triumphant soul had took her flight To POMPEY provident Campania gave A timely fever but his life to save In many Cities publique Pray'rs were made The Conquerour preserv'd to be betray'd When conquer'd by ROMES fortune and his own His Head cut off a punishment unknown To our most dangerous Delinquents thus CETHEGUS suff'red not nor LENTULUS Ev'n CATILIN that to her fun'rall fire Had destin'd Rome came to his own intire To VENUS in her Temple for fine Boyes The zealous Mother prayes with lesser noyse But prayes aloud for Girls exactly fair Each nicetie remember'd in her pray'r Why laugh'st thou at her zeal the Deifi'd And fair DIANA was LATONA'S pride But the fair LUCRECE and her fatall rape Incourages no one to wish her shape VIRGINIA RUTILA'S buncht back would show And her sweet Eyes on RUTILA bestow Fair Creatures are by trembling Parents watch't So seldome beauty is with virtue matcht But if mean houses virtuous breeding give Where like th' old Sabines poore and chast they live If o're rebelling blood a grave command Be given to youth by nature's lib'rall hand And nature can do more then breeding can Or Tutors the boy ne're shall be a man For ev'n to tempt the Parents some are bold Such is their courage that come arm'd with gold The Tyrant NERO to an Evnuch's place Advanc'd no club-foot nor ill favour'd face Nor worthy of that sad preferment held Those that had necks or backs or bellyes sweld Now in thy handsome sons and daughters joy Which because handsome greater woes annoy He shall be the Town-prostitute and fear What wives expect from husbands most severe Nor can his Starres for so good fortune look That he should ne're in MARS his nets be took Where VULCAN'S rage will reason more controll Then any passion that invades the soul. Some GANYMEDS are stab'd some whipt to death And the live-Mullet enters some beneath But thy ENDYMION shall have her he loves Straight when with pow'rfull gold SERVILIA moves He shall have her he hates her gowns shall fly To sale shee 'll nothing to her lust deny Rich OPPIA and poor CATULLA too When they do long for 't will like women doe But how can beauty hurt the Chast What good Came to BELLEROPHON by 's govern'd blood HIPPOLITUS by 's Mistresse was perplext PHAEDRA no lesse then STENOBAEA vext The edge of womans wrath is then most keen When a repulse adds blushes to her spleen Would'st thou have him whom CAESAR'S wife will chuse Co-husband to accept or to refuse This great Patrician young and handsome dies For being such in MESSALINA'S eyes She long hath sate in her bright veile her bed With nuptiall purple in a garden spread Ten thousands told the customary summe The publique Notaries and th' Auspex come She thinks this secret witness'd by too few Shee 'l marry publickly Sir what say you Deny to do 't and HYMEN'S tapers burn That from her bed shall light thee to thy urne Consent and thou shalt gain a little time Till the news fill the City till the crime Arrive the People and the Princ's ear Who last the blemish of his house shall hear If then a few dayes life thou so approv'st Obey but whether thy own youth thou lov'st Or on her beauty doat'st not only thou But she her fair neck to the Axe must bow Shall man then pray for nothing If I may Advise thee let the Gods thy wishes weigh Unto their Providence thy Will submit And for what 's sweet they 'l give thee what is fit And that which thy condition most behoves The Gods love Man more then himself he loves Transported with a blind self-love we crave That all of us may Wives and Children have But to th' Omniscient Deity alone What Wives what Children we shall have is known Yet that for Sacrifice thou maist prepare Thy white hog and for somthing make thy prayer Pray that the Gods be graciously inclin'd To grant thee health of body and of mind Ask a strong soul that may death's terror scorn And think to die as good as to be born As great a gift of nature That no cross Can daunt that knows no passion fears no loss That HERCULES his labours can digest Far better then SARDANAPALUS feast His Wenches or his Feather-beds I show What thou thy self maist on thy self bestow Virtue 's the path to Peace If Prudence be There can be no Divinity in thee Fortune 't is we we to thy Pow'r have giv'n The name of Goddess and plac'd thee in heav'n The Comment UPON THE TENTH SATYR VErse 1. Cales Anciently Erythia afterwards Gades two Islands beyond the Confines of the Boetick Province the farthest West of any part of the World discovered to the Romans These lay without the Sraits of Gibraltar that divide Europe from Africa Plin. lib. 4. cap. 22. They were called Erythia from the Tyrians bordering upon the Erythraean Sea that built a City in these Isles The Romans named them Gades both are now one Island called Caliz by the Spaniards and Cales by the English that had power within the memory of man to have given it what name they pleased for in the year 1596 this Isle was taken and the City sackt by the Earles of Essex and Nottingham and Sir Walter Rawleigh Knight sent thither with a Fleet to revenge the Spaniards invasion of England in 88. In this Isle the grass is so rank that Cows milk will make no Cheese nor come to curds unless it be diluted with a great deal of water It is likewise credibly reported that Cattle which Graziers feed there if they bleed them not within 30 dayes will be sure to die of fat This was the reason why the Poets invented their Fables of Geryon's Droves taken by Hercules that once had a Temple in this Isle wherein are now two old Castles called Torres de Hercules See Strab. lib. 3. Verse 2. Ganges The greatest River in the East it cuts through the Indies The Greeks by another name call it Phison The holy Scripture numbers it amongst the Rivers that issue out of Paradise The Springs that contribute to Ganges are not known but 30
flames of fire like his Father ibid. The 18. He slew another Out-law one Lacinius that plundered the borders of Italy and upon the place built a Temple to Juno called Juno Lacinia Virg. Aeneid 5. The 19. Albion and Bergion Giants that stopt his passage not farre from the mouth of the River Rhosne he overcame by the help of his Father Jove that assisted him with a showre of stones The 20. He conquered and took prisoner Tyrrhenus King of Eubaea that made war upon the Baeotians and tyed him to four wild Colts that tore him into quarters The 21. He tamed the Centaurs The 22. He clensed the Ox-house of Augeas King of Elis which held 3000 Oxen and was never toucht before The 23 He delivered Hesione from the Sea-monster her Father King Laomedon engaging to remunerate him with his best horses which promise being broken Hercules in a fury stormed Troy slew the King took Hesione prisoner and bestowed her upon Telamon that first scaled the walls The 24. He plundered the Isle of Cos and put the King and Queen to the sword as in the Comment upon Sat. 10. The 25. He conquered the Amazons and gave their Queen Hippolyte to his friend and fellow Souldier Theseus The 26. He went down to Hell and brought up their Porter three-headed Cerberus in a tripple chain The 27. He brought back with him into the world Queen Alcestis that died for her Husband as in the end of the Comment upon Sat. 6. The 28. After his return from hell he slew Lycus King of Thebes that in his absence would have ravished his wife Megara The 29. with his arrows he shot the Eagle which upon the top of the Mountain Caucasus fed upon the still growing liver of Prometheus The 30. He killed Cygnus Son to Mars in a duell on horseback The 31. For denying to give him food he slew Theodamas Father to his Favorite Hylas as in the end of the Comment upon Sat. 1. The 32. He conquered the Cercopes when he served Omphale Queen of Lydia The 33. He sackt Pilos and put to the sword King Neleus with all his Family but Nestor wounding Juno her self that came to assist Neleus with a three-forked Dart. The 34. In the Isle of Tenos he slew Zetes and Calais the winged Sons of Boreas and upon their Tombe erected two Pillars The 35. He passed the torrid Zone and the burning Sands of Libya not troubled with their scorching heat and having lost his Ship waded through the quick-sands of the Syrtes The 36. He set up the Pillars in the West called Hercules Pillars The 37. He slew Eurytus King of Oechalia and plundered the City carrying into Eubaea the fair Princess Iole promised to him and afterwards denyed by her Father When Deianira heard of his love to Iole she remembred the message delivered to her from the Centaur Nessus together with the Vest dipped in his blood viz. That if ever she found her Husband loved another she should give him that Vest and when he had it on he should be only hers She therefore sent it to him by her servant Lychas which he puting on as he went to sacrifice it set him in such a frenzy that he made himself the burnt-Offering After his death he was held a God and believed to be the same with the Sun Macrob. lib. 1. Saturn cap. 2. In his return from Spain some think he brought the use of Letters into Italy and was therefore worshipped both in a Temple apart and also with the Muses Verse 428. Sardanapalus The last King of Syria from Ninus the thirtith His Lievtenant General Arbactus being ambitious after some great service to see his Master a favour never before granted to any but meniall Servants after long suit was admitted and in the first Modell of a Seraglio he found the King not distinguishable from the Concubines either in his habit or imployment for he was spinning purple-silk only his body seemed to be the tenderest his eyes and his garb the most lascivious At sight hereof Arbactus with horrid indignation stomacked that so many men should be governed by a VVoman that so many men which knew the use of armes should be subject to a Distaffe At his return to the Armie Arbactus reported the strange spectacle professing he would never serve a Prince that had rather be a Woman then a Man All are of his mind They march against Sardanapalus that in his last scene was still the same for he stood not upon his defence like a man but hid himself like a woman not having in his thoughts the hope of keeping his Kingdome but the fear of loosing his life At last with some few disorderly Servants he takes the field is beaten retreats to his Palace layes himself and all his treasure upon a pile of wood and made it be fired doing only this act like a man Justin lib. 1. Figura Undecima AD coenam vocat indigenam 1 Juvenalis 2 AmicuÌ„ Aemulus Evandri qui frugi erat Herculis hospes Non mare non pelagus lustrat patrimonia mergi In ventrem nolit tener hîc tibi ponitur hoedus 3 Persice nec minùs est gratus quia traxerit auram Vulgarem Ausoniae salicÃsque ignarus herbae Solo lacte satur placet arridétque palato Quam cernis 4 gallinam ante horrea pinguis avenâ Haec ova 5 exclusit foeno modò sumpta calenti Hos tulit 6 asparagos quae carpit villica lanam Fuso quos posito legit de vertice montis Nativum retinet quo fulgeat 7 uva colorem Autumnum ut dicas gemmis mutâsse racemos Arte pari 8 pyra cum 9 pomis servata furorem Effugêre hyemis tutâque recondita cellâ Cruda emendato posuêre pericula succo Et jam cardiacis prosunt quibus antè venenum Nunc epulas coenae caput aspice nempe legentes Autorem Iliados pueros 10 nostrúmque Maronem Vindicat haec famâ violatos mensa poetas Prodiga enim licèt his sit mens his curta supellex Non omnes Iros non omnes crede Nepotes The eleventh Designe LIke an old Roman 1 Juvenal here treats His 2 friend invites him to no forrein meates No costly sawces empties not his purse To fill his Board nor eats his 3 Kid the worse Nor is esteem'd by Persicus lesse rare Because it only breath'd Italian ayre Bred in rich grounds it eat nor grasse nor wood But suckt which makes it such delicious food These Barn-doore 4 hens an houre ere they were drest Lay'd those great 5 Eggs took warme out of the Nest. This dish of 6 Sparagus the maid that spun The Napkins left her housewifes work undone To gather from the hills where they grew wilde The 7 grapes that look as Autumne were with child Of cluster'd Pearls and rubies are preserv'd The 8 Pears and 9 Apples when old winter sterv'd Il-order'd fruit so carefully were laid They from crude poisons are rich cordialls made And for
barb'rous Baskets came But now Rome would gladly th' invention claim Verse 55. Royall Merchant Philip King of Macedon that in the above mentioned words of Horace beat down City gates And foil'd with gifts his rival-States The particular here instanced by my Author is the bargain which King Philip made with Lasthenes and Eurycrates for the rendition of Olynth a City of Thrace neer to Athos then under the Command of the Athenians not to be taken either by a storm or siege but only by that which K. Philip said would enter the strongest Fortification an Asse loaded with Gold At this time his Gold was laid out upon Merchandize for it brought him in thrice as much in Plate Verse 73. Three Sisters Clotho Lachesis and Atropos of which in Sat. 3. Juvenal here calls them Spinsters that according to the belief of the Romans in times of safty and prosperity spun white thread and black in times of adversity and mortall danger Verse 82. Alban Mountain Where Ascanius built the City of Alba Longa leaving the Town of Lavinium to his Step-mother Lavinia That Alba was so named from the white Sow with thirty Pigs sucking her vid. Sat. 4. and the Prophecy in Virgil. Aeneid Verse 88. Tyrrhene Pharos The Port of Hostia anciently Ostia where Tiber disburdens it self into the Tyrrhene Sea Claudius Caesar in imitation of Pharos in Aegypt built the stony Armes of this Port and for eleven years together kept 30000 men at work upon it Sueton. It was designed by Augustus and repaired by Trajan See Pliny's Panegyrick Verse 94. Baian Lighters Boats that came from Baiae described in the beginning of Sat. 3. Verse 95. Shav'd Saylors It was the custome for Roman Slaves when they received their freedom to shave their heads before they put on their Hats those which at the triall for their lives were acquitted did the like shewing themselves to Jupiter with their crowns shav'd and it is probable that Saylors after they had escaped a shipwrack used the same ceremony Verse 97. Speak and think The Romans thought that any man's good Omen consisted in other mens words and wishes Omen being only the conjunction of Os and Mens tongue and heart Of the solemn form of Sacrifices used for good Omens sake See Brisson Verse 104. My Jove Juvenal's domestick Jove moulded in wax as his Lars were to both which he sacrificed abroad and at home for though the Lar was the houshold God yet King Servius Tullius appointed him publick as well as private worship and good reason he had if the Lar begot him as his Subjects believed by the apparition which his Mother sitting by the fire side saw upon the hearth Plut. Verse 108. Hallowed tapers As well in domestick as publick Thanksgivings the Sacrificers dores were stuck full of waxen tapers bayes and flowers Verse 115. Paccius A rich childless man presented by all the Roman Heredipetae or Legacy-mongers He is named by Tacitus that calls him African lib. 20. Verse 116. Gallita Cruspilina made great by wealth and barrennesse which both in good and bad times are alike powerfull Tacit. lib. 17. Verse 118. Promise Hecatombes For the recovery of sick men provided they were rich and childless flattering knaves that hoped for great Legacies would not stick to vow to the Gods Hecatombes of Elephants if they were to be had which was impossible for they were beasts never seen by the Romans till invaded by those dreadfull enemies Pyrrhus King of the Molossian Epirots whose Souldiers rid upon their backs in wooden Towers and Hannibal Generall of the Carthaginians here called Tyrian because Queen Dido the Foundress of Carthage came from Tyre Nor in my Author's time were any Elephants fed or kept in Italy but only in the Meadows about Lavinium conquered from Turnus by Aeneas both the Meads and Elephants now belonging to his successors the Caesars Verse 129. Novius and Pacuvius Visiters of the sick Gallita or Paccius both which they plyed with warm gifts in hope of large returns when their Wills were proved Verse 138. Iphiginia In the beginning of Sat. 1. tit Orestes you have the story of Iphiginia brought to be sacrificed for releasing the Trojan Fleet that lay wind-bound at Aulis and how Diana left a Hinde in her place carried the Princess into Taurica Now the bitter Satyrist sayes that if his fellow-Citizen Pacuvius should sacrifice an only Daughter for the recovery of Gallita he should not think the act of Agamemnon to be so commendable for alas what is the freedom of 1000 Ships to the glorious expectation of a Legacie Verse 143. Death Libitina so Juvenal was the Goddess in whose Temple all things appertaining to funerall pomp and ceremony were bought and sold. Some think the Romans by Libitina meant Proserpine Queen of the Infernal Regions Others think her to be Venus and give this reason why all things belonging to Funeralls should be kept in her Temple thereby to admonish us of humane frailty how neer our End is to our Beginning since the same Goddess is Patroness both of life and death Plut. Verse 150. Nero by his rage That spared neither private persons nor publick nor the very Temples and gave no office without this charge Thou knowest what I want let us make it our business that no body may have any thing Sueton. The thirteenth Designe FJe 1 Calvin wilt thou shame thy self a man Of years and sense take on for a Trepan Because a seeming Friend * forswears a Trust The Gods whose Altars he prophanes are just And at this instant pour upon him all The plagues that on his head he wisht might fall Were but his breast transparent thou wouldst see His face is counterfeit as false as he He smiles when thousand Furies tear his heart And ev'n divinest objects make him start The God that shewes like 2 Jupiter to us To 3 him looks like three-headed 3 Cerberus He hears his sentence from the 4 Flamen's breath Takes him to be a 5 Judge of life and death He thinks thy hand is heav'd at whips and racks And that 6 rods circle-in the Popa's 7 axe If thou should'st study Ages for a curse Thou couldst not render his condition worse Yet lest Knaves should presume upon his score To slight the Gods which honest men adore He shall run on in mischief till he meet Deserved death and thou shalt live to see 't Figura Decima Tertia NOnnè pudet Te ridiculi Calvine 1 doloris Nullus hebescenti seris venit usus ab annis Vsqueadeò mirum est quod non Tibi reddat * Amicus Depositum justi quorum violaverit aras Perjurus Dii sunt ad dignas numina poenas Deposcunt sentit toties quas vovit Erinnys Ficta fenestrato simulatam pectore culpam Frons malè celaret facies non consona menti Occultum quatiente animo tortore flagellum Tu ridere putas trepidat simulacra Deorum Conscius inspiciens nostérque est Jupiter 2 illi Cerberus 3
it Verse 118. Moses Qui docebat c. That taught how the Aegyptians were not in the right that worshipped God in the Images of beasts nor the Graecians that gave to their Gods the figures of men and that Power only to be God which comprehends us the Earth and Sea which Power we call the Heaven the World and universall Nature To make whose Image like to one of us really none but a mad-man would presume Strab. lib. 16. Verse 120. Vnless to one of his Religion To this very day the Jewes will doe no reall civility unto any but of their own Nation and Religion which they love so much as to lend them money gratis all others must pay interest Verse 123. His Father caus'd all this Whose Jewish Tenets are hereditary to the Son Aegyptii c. The Aegyptians worship many Animals and Images made by hands The Jewes worship only in spirit and conceive one God holding them to be profane that make Images of perishing matter in the form of Men for God the supreme and eternall Power neither mutable nor mortall Therefore they have no Images in their Cities nor in their Temples Tacit. Hist. lib. 5. Verse 132. Hesperian Dragon See the Comment upon Sat. 5. Verse 154. The Bridge Where Beggars waited for the charity of Passengers Sat. 5. Is there no Hole no Bridge Verse 184. Tatius Generall of the Sabines that by the treachery of the Vestall Virgin Tarpeia as in the Comment upon Sat 6. took the Capitol After he had got that advantage of the Romans and often fought them with various successes upon the intercession of the Sabine women as aforesaid he made a Peace and put it in his Conditions That the Sabines should be free of the City and he himself Partner with Romulus in the government of Rome whose Territory extended not then to any great quantity of Acres as appears Sat. 8. by the adventure of Claelia the Maid that courage found To swim o're Tiber then our Empire 's bound But the Kinsmen of Tatius having affronted the Laurentine Embassadors and Tatius not righting them according to the Law of Nations the punishment due to his Kinsmen fell upon himself For he Sacrificing at Lavinium the whole City were insurrectors and killed him Liv. Verse 187. Pyrrhus King of Epire descended by the Mother from Achilles by the Father from Hercules He was strangely preserved in his infancy and bred in Macedon by Glaucias of Megara by him restored to his Fathers Kingdome at seventeen years of age Whilst he returned from Epire into Macedon to marry his beloved Mistress Daughter to Glaucias his Subjects the Molossians again rebelled and set up another Family in his Throne Having lost his Crown and with it his Friends he fled to his Sister Deidamia's Husband Demetrius Son to Antigonus and commanded under him at the great battail where all the Kings that divided Alexander's conquests were ingaged There he though a young man had the honor where he fought to worst the Enemy In Aegypt he grew so great a Courtier that Queen Berenice's Daughter Antigona loved and married him and won her Mother to move the King her Step-father for money and forces to reestablish her Husband in his Kingdome Entring Epire with an Army he found his People weary of their present Governor Neoptolemus all came in to their King But Pyrrhus fearing that Neoptolemus would follow his example and get some forrein Prince to espouse his quarrell divided the Crown with him Soon after discovering that his Brother-King had a plot upon his life Pyrrhus invited him to Supper and there killed him In memory of his Patron and Patroness the King and Queen of Aegypt he called his Son by Antigona Ptolemey and the City he built in Epire Berenice Lysimachus hearing of this signall Gratitude made use of Ptolemey's name to cajoll or put a trick upon Pyrrhus having then undertaken the quarrell of Alexander Brother to Antipater both Sons to Cassander The contents of the Letter were That Antipater desired Pyrrhus to receive therewith three hundred talents to forbear all acts of hostility against him But the direction was King Ptolemey to King Pyrrhus whereas he ever used to write The Father to his Son greeting By this means the cheat of the counterfeit Letter and Token was found out He was ready not only to intress himself in this difference between the Sons of Cassander but imbraced any opportunity of warre being ambitious to make himself the universall Monarch The Successors of Alexander used him to ballance the power of Demetrius whom he beat out of Macedon The Tarentines called him into Italy where he turned the effeminate Tarentines into good Souldiers and almost brought the warlike Romans upon their knees for twice he fought the Consul Dentatus and at those two battails slew threescore thousand Romans After his restless ambition had carried him from the East to the West and back again by Sicily to Macedon from thence to Sparta and at last to Argos A poor Argive woman seeing her Son's life at the mercy of his sword with both her hands flung a tyle at him which hitting between the helmet and the head broke his skull and killed him He was in the opinion of great Souldiers the greatest next to Alexander that ever the world had Antigonus being asked whom he held to be the best Generall answered Pyrrhus if he had lived to be old But for conduct and policy Hannibal gave the first place to Pyrrhus the second to Scipio the third to himself The Officers of his Army when he fought a battail observing his looks celerity and motion said Other Kings were like Alexander in their State and Courts but Pyrrhus in his armes and in the field And when they gave him the surname of the Eagle he said that I am so I owe you for it how can I be less then an Eagle that have your Swords for Wings He was bountifull to his friends moderate in his anger towards his enemies and when obligations were laid upon him extremely gratefull Calumny he sleighted for when some moved him to banish from Ambracia one that had railed against him no said he It is better that he should tarry here and slander me in one Town then all the world over Upon the same account another being under examination he asked him Were these your words the Examinant said Yes Sir and I should have spoke more bitterly if we had drank more wine Pyrrhus was satisfied with this answer and discharged the man Indeed he held himself concerned in nothing but warre and victory for even when he had taken a cup or two extraordinary a friend asking whether he thought Pytho or Caphisias the best Musitian he answered Polysperchon is a good General Plut in Pyrrh Verse 189. For many wounds two Acres The Consull Dentatus himself after Pyrrhus was beaten out of Italy accepted seaven Acres given him by the State Columel Verse 203. Wealth 's cruel thirst That like Death spares no
of the voyage of Vlysses which he calls his Odysses as likewise many other little Pieces From him came the illustrious Family of the Homerides in Chios Hellan Ingeniorum gloriae c. Amongst so many kindes of learning and such variety of matter and form who can fix the glory of wit upon any one particular person unless it be agreed by generall consent that no man went beyond the Greek Poet Homer whether the fortune of his work or the subject be considered Therefore Alexander the great and in the best judgements such a censure raises him above envy to the highest pitch amongst the spoils of Darius King of Persia having taken his Cabinet of unguents or essences whose outside was all pretious stones His friends shewing him to what use he might put it rich unguents and perfumes being improper for a rough Souldier No I profess to Hercules said Alexander Homers works shall be kept in it the most pretious Book for the mind of man shall have the richest Cover Plin. lib. 7. cap. 29. The Greek letters invented at severall times by others he reduced to that form wherein we now have them vid. Herodot Plutar. Plin. lib. 3. cap. 2. where he tells of the conjuring up the Ghost of Homer from the mouth of Appian the Grammarian an eye witness of the fact Verse 80. Must laugh The Gods that once assisted Hector and Aeneas in their Combats because they had great courages and were goodly persons now cannot chuse but laugh saith the Satyrist to see the Pygmeys of his time Dwarfs both in mind and body fight and kill one another Very Pygmeys they would have been if their stature and strength had lessened proportionable to their decrease between the time of the Trojan warr and the age of Homer as appears by the weight lifted by Diomedes if we credit Homer's testimony in the last note but one Verse 84. Palme-trees The Palme-tree Grove neer to the City of Tentyris Verse 94. Prometheus See the manner of his stealing fire from Heaven in the Comment upon Sat. 8. Verse 103. The Biscainers The Vascones a People of Spain Ptol. Plin. Tacit. They were besieged by Metellus and Pompey and reduced to such extreme necessity that the living were inforced to eat the dead Flor. lib. 30. cap. 22. Val Max. lib. 7. cap. 6. Oros. lib. 5. cap. 23. The Vascones sent a Plantation into France which are now called Gascons Verse 119. Zeno Father of the Stoicks Son to Mnaseas of Cittium in the Isle of Cyprus The Oracle told him if he would be a good man he must converse with the dead whereupon he presently fell to the reading of old Authors Laert. He first came to Athens as a Merchant yet with some inclination to the study of Philosophy for hearing his Ship was cast away he said Fortune commands me to study Philosophy more intentively Senec. Or as Plutarch hath it I thank thee Fortune thou wilt thrust me into a Gown He was Scholar to Crates Stilpo and Xenocrates and so well satisfied with his two last Masters that he said his best Voyage was his Shipwrack His Hearers were at first called Zenonians from their Reader afterwards from the place where he taught they had the name of Stoicks He was so honoured by the Athenians that they intrusted him with the keys of the City After he had been a Reader eight and fifty years and had lived ninty and eight he broke his finger and as it seems to prevent the sense of further pain strangled himself King Antigonus that eighteen years before had writ for Zeno to come to him into Macedon and still had a hope to get him thither when he heard of his death said What a sight have I lost one asking him why he was so great an admirer of Zeno he answered because in all my intercourse with and favours to him I never knew Zeno either exalted or dejected The King's respects to Zeno died not with him For he sent his Embassador to Athens that moved in his Master's name for the erecting of a Monument to Zeno in the Ceramick It was done by Decree of the People attested by Arrhenides then Archon and writ upon two Pillars one erected in the Academy the other in the Lyceum The Statue they set up for him was of brass crowned with a crown of gold The reason of the Decree was That the world might know how much the people of Athens honoured good men alive and dead The Sect of the Stoicks sprung out of the Cynicks and their principles as in the Comment upon Sat. 13. were the same viz. That virtue wants nothing but comprehends within it what is sufficient for the happiness of life which they held to be governed by fatall necessity Verse 121. Biscain Stoicks My Author sayes It would have been no great wonder if the Biscainers had eat mans flesh without necessity when they were besieged by Metellus because in his dayes Spain never heard of Zeno's Precept that enjoyned his Sect Vpon no termes whatsoever to violate the Law of Nature But in Juvenal's time so long after Metellus when the Greek and Roman Philosophy was dispersed through the world even the Britains being taught by the French to argue the Law and Thule or Tilemarck in Norwey talking of a Salary for Rhetors to initiate their Nation in moot Cases that now the Aegyptians from whom all learning was derived should be so barbarously inhumane as to eat one another is an amazement to my Author and may be so to all that know not Quantum Relligio poterit suadere malorum Verse 127. Saguntine The people of Saguntum now Morvedre in Spain besieged by Hannibal against the Articles of peace between Rome and Carthage Their fidelity to the Romans incouraged them to hold out till hunger forced them to eat the bodies of the Dead When they had no more Dead men to preserve the Living they raised a pile of wood in the Market-place where they burned themselves and all they had This siege against the conditions of peace brought in the second Punick warre and consequently the ruine of perfidious Carthage Verse 131 Moeotis Where every tenth stranger was sacrificed to Diana the bloody Ceremony continuing till the coming of Orestes and Pylades See the Comment upon Sat. 1. tit Orestes Verse 139. Nile This River of which in the Comment upon Sat. 6. was the Aegyptians heaven Read my Translation of Pliny's Panegyrick p. 19. Aegypt so gloried in cherishing and multiplying seed as if it were not at all indebted to the Rain and heaven being alwayes watered with her own River nor fatned with any other kind of water but what was poured forth by the Earth it self yet was it cloathed with so much corn that it might as it were eternally vie harvests with the fruitfullest parts of the whole world Verse 141. The horrid Cimbrian The Danes and Holsatians horrid indeed and terrible to the Romans overthrown in three battails by these German Outlawes for so
Memphi proscribent Libertas est rata Campo Immotusque metu Miles succumbit amori Nunc palpans Genitor scribetur languidus haeres At si non captet Ceras Paris impleat unus Qui mihi militiae sub Caesare donat honorem Vndè Clientis opes queîs nam venalia Romae Omnia ab officio moveatur fortè Patronus The sixteenth Designe NOt know me friends 1 look better 't is th' old face Of 2 Juvenal but in a rich new case More glorious then the Sun I may be well The Sun I take it is no Colonel Six hundred of these 3 Fellows I command You look a Pen should still be in my hand Mine was no soft Pen you have heard so much But where this falls it gives a harder touch This Neighbours is the 4 Vine with this I do Battoon my Raskalls should I beat you too Your best were to put finger in the eye Or shake your empty heads yet if you cry For Justice to the Tribune you may trust To your good Cause our Officers are just But ' ware my Regiment of foot you 'le be Kickt out of Aegypt Souldiers and not Free Our Charter barrs For love not fear we bow My bed-rid Father if he please me now Shall be my heir but if he please me not The Favourite that my Commission got Which brings me in you may at Rome report Money enough to buy his Place at Court The Manners of Men. THE SIXTEENTH SATYR OF JUVENAL The ARGUMENT The great Court-Minion Paris sells The Major's place and Colonel's Whose parts upon the Stage He play'd For touching this the Author 's made A Colonel in spight and sent To Aegypt with his Regiment Where he the difference records Of People wearing Gowns and Swords A Souldier's priviledges who can tell For GALLUS in the Camp if all goe well Young valour 's enterd by a happy Star There is an hour in fate more pow'rfull far Then if to MARS her letter VENUS write Or 's Mother pleas'd to see her SAMIANS fight The common-benefits let 's first repeat 'T is something that no Gown-man dare thee beat Nay if thou beat'st him he puts up the blow Nor struck out Teeth dare to the Praetor show Nor that black lump in his swoln face reveal Or 's one eye which no Surgeon hopes to heale The armed Judge that must thy wrongs repaire With shoes and great boots hanging at his chaire Observes CAMILLUS his old martiall Lawes And lets no Souldier to defend his Cause Passe or'e the trenches or his colours leave A Souldiers wrong the Captaines soon perceive And give me satisfaction too he must In case the ground of my Complaint be just But the whole Regiment will malice me My foes each private company will be The right they do me they are sure to make More grievous then the wrong I would not take It were to be as desperate an asse As th' Orator VAGELLUS ever was Against two thighs thousands to move to wrath With Boots and spurrs who so ill breeding hath Then who so much a PYLADES to lend Assistance in an army to his friend Let 's wipe our eyes nor go about to use Men that we know will but themselves excuse The Judge interrogating who was by When thou wer 't hurt the Witnesse that sayes I Be what he will his haire in my esteem And beard might our great Ancestors beseem A Souldier'gainst no souldier if he please May a false witnesse bring with much more ease Then a poore Country-man if he pursue A guilty Souldier can produce a true The grand Prerogatives observe we now Appendent to the Military vow If shamlesly my neighbour-Souldier claime A piece of ground that bears my Fathers name Or shall the sacred Bounder-stone dig out To which all my Forefathers were devout I likewise yearly off'ring to the Soile My first fruits of Puls Hony Meale and Oyle If being my debtor he not only stand Dallying to pay me but forswear his hand We wait till all the people be call'd in 'T is a whole year before our Suit begin And then a thousand stops a thousand stayes Sometimes the Usher but the cushion layes His cloak off smooth CAEDITIUS having got And old Judge FUSCUS us'd the Chamber-pot The Court 's up when we should to pleading goe Within the Lawyers lists the fight is slow But he that wears a sword and belt may use His pleasure and his day of hearing chuse Nor is his Suit in danger to be stopt Or with demurrers as with triggers propt Then Law the freedom to a Souldier gives To make his Will whilst yet his Father lives For what his service in the Wars hath got Unto the Stock of wealth belongeth not Of which his Father wholly may dispose CORANUS therefore that so wealthy grows By husbanding his pay his dying Father Sends presents to just industry did gather His wealth and that 's his own which he hath earn'd A Generall in honour is concern'd That he that wants not worth no gold should want That all may march out trapt and all clinquant The Comment UPON THE SIXTEENTH SATYR VErse 1 Gallus The person honored with this Satyr Verse 6. Or 's Mother Juno whose principall Temple stood in the Ionian-Isle of Samos Verse 10. Praetor That would heare no complaint against a Souldier whose proper Judges were the great-Officers of the Army See the Comment upon Sat. 1. tit Praetor Verse 15. Camillus The Dictator formerly mentioned He made a Law at the Siege of Veiae That a Souldier should not be compelled to leave his Colours for any suit in Law the reason of the Law was That no Souldier might be absent from the publique service upon a private man's Complaint Verse 26. Vagellus An Orator that without any consideration of other mens interest or his own danger would undertake any Cause though he were bastinadoed for it by some concerned great person Therefore I call him an Asse according to our dialect but my Author stiles him A Man with the heart of a Mule Mulino corde which his old transcribers mistaking changed mulino into Mutinensi and so made him a foolish Orator of Mutina now Modena in Italy but that City is vindicated by the noble French-copy from being Mother to such a Dunce Verse 21. Cohort The Roman Cohort or Regiment of Foote was the tenth part of their ordinary Legion or the Legio justa A Cohort contained three Maniples every Maniple two Centuries every Century a hundred Souldiers Alex. Gen. Dier lib. 1. So you see that Juvenal in his Cohort commanded six hundred Men. Verse 29. Pylades See the Comment upon Sat. 1. tit Orestes Verse 36. Great Ancestors The old Romans that feared not death in their Countrie 's their own or their friend's just-Cause Verse 42. Vow The military sacrament or Oath the form whereof was this Obtemperaturus sum c. I am to obey and doe whatsoever is commanded me by my Generals to my power Polyb. See Lyps de milit Rom. lib. 1. dial 6
not to desert the City ib. his second Victory against the Gauls ib. his Law at the Siege of Veiae 521. his death 68 Campania 379. why called Terradi Lavoro ib. there Pompey the Great falls sick 380 Campus Martius 212. why called Tarquin's fields ib. described ib. how the men were there exercised ib. how the women 201 Camurius murderer of Galba 61 Canopus 195 Canusium 197 Capito Cossutianus accused by his Province 294 Capito vid. L. Fonteius Capito Capitol named from a man's head digged out of its foundation 308. an Augury from thence taken that Rome should be the head of the World ib. Capitoline surname to the Family of Manlius 67 Capreae 359 Cares builds the Colossus at Rhodes 203 Carfinia a Strumpet 59 Carus Intelligencer to Domitian 25. informes gainst Pliny ib. Cassandra Daughter to K. Priam 375. a Prophetess never believed 376. the ground of the Fable that Apollo made love to her ib. her Ravisher thunder-struck ibid. Castanetta's 409 Castor and Pollux 449. their fabulous hatching ib. why esteemed Gods by Marriners ib. their actions ib. the Fable of their death and revivall derived from the Stars that bear their names ib. Castor's Temple in Rome ibid. Castor Inventer of Coaches 383 Catiena 100 Catiline a Conspirator made famous by the Pen of Cicero 57 Catillus 103 Catti 128 Catulus a Monopolizer 95 Catullus Author of the Comedie called the Phantasm 447 Catullus Messalinus a blind Begger 125. raised to be one of the Lords of the Councel ib. Catuzza 451 Cecrops K. of Athens before Deucalion's Flood 292. why pictured Male and Female ib. his Olive-tree names the City ib. what he taught the Grecians ibid. Celsus vid. Junius Celsus Censor 63. the manner of his election ibid. his Office ibid. Ceparius fellow-Traitor with Catiline 57 Cercopithecus described 503 Ceres Goddess of Husbandry 191. how represented ib. her Fable ib. her sacrifices 192. why so little frequented ib. her Pageants described 484. why an Egge was presented in her Pomp ibid. Cethegus ingaged with Catiline 57 Chaldaeans 214. their imployment in the Babilonian State ib. their study ib. why greater Philosophers then the Grecians 215 Chalky-feet the mark of a Slave sold in open Market 30. Character of a Greek Mountebanck 76.77.78.79 Charon 105 Chief Bishop vid. Pontifex Maximus Chio 100 Chiron 262 Chorax 10â— Christians inhumanely martyred by Nero 33. Their torture described 11. vers 188 Chrysippus the Stoick 48. an incomparable Logician ibid. Cilicians 125 Cimbâ—ians 306. why they rejoyced at a battail and lamented in a sickness ib. Cinna calls-in Marius 306 Circe's Rocks 127 Circus the great Shew-place described 97. why a Towell was there hung out for a Flag 409 Claelia 309 Claudius Caesar marries his own Brother's Daughter 57. a sottish Prince 149. puts his Empress to death in obedience to his Freed-man Narcissus and marries again by appointment ib. adopts Nero Son to his his second Wife ib. is poysoned by her ib. Cleanthes the Stoick 51. his poverty when he studied Philosophy ib. the manner of his death ib. Cleopatra Daughter to Ptolemey Auletes 62. she puts Marc. Antony upon a battail at Sea ib. why and how she poysoned her self ib. Clients what they were in their first institution ib. Clio 242 Clitumnus 421 Clodius Cicero's Enemy 56. why he degraded himself of his nobility ib. his prophanation of the Good Goddesse's Ceremonies occasions the Julian Law ib. his incest and debauchery ib. his discovery by Caesar's Mother 206 Closter Son to Arachne 59. he invents wheels and spindles for wool ib. Clotho the Destiny that holds the Distaffe 94 Cluvienus a pittifull Poet 28 Clytemnestra 15. why she murdered her Husband ib. she marries Aegisthus ib. is slain by her Son ib. her ghost haunts him ib. Cneius Pompey his rise 361. why surnamed the Great ib. the success of his armes ib. his Wives ib. the Inscriptions upon his spoils and triumphs 362. his folly of loosing all at one battail ib. his sad end 363. his Sons defeated ib. Cocks offered to Aesculapius for recovery of sick Persons 453 Codâ—us 2. Author of the Poem titled Theseis 12. the Inventory of his Goods ib. his miserable poverty ib Coena Pontificia 122 Cohort 522 Collatinus Tarquinius Husband to Lucretia 380 his Inscription upon her Monument ib. Columna Bellica 125 Concord's Temple where the Stork built her nest 30 Consul by Juvenal called Praetor as he was first named by the People 355 his mock-state described 356 Coptus 504 Corbulo 105 Corcyra 504 Corinth first called Ephyre 297. how situated ib. the Citizens affront the Roman Embassadors ib. a War decreed against them ib the Town easily stormed ib. how Corinthian brass came to be the best ib. Cornelia 198. her Jewels ib. Cornelius Fuscus Student in Armes 125. Generall against the Dacians ib. he and his Army lost ib. his Wifes draught ib. he himself noted for a Tipler 522 Corsica described 146 Corvinus Juvenal's friend 420. Corvinus a Roman Knight 30. glad to be a Shepherd's man ib. Corvinus vid. Val. Corvinus Cos an Island 295 Cosmus Inventer of the Vnguentum Cosmianum 294 Cossus a Lord 103 Cossus a Legacy-monger 371 Cossus his Spolia Opima 291 Cotta vid. Aurelius Cotta Cotyto Goddess of the Baptists or Dippers 60 Crassus vid. M. P. Crassus Crates cryes out upon his Countrymen 259 Crepereius Pollio 321 Creticus surname to the house of Metellus 292 Crispinus Freedman to Nero 23. born at Canopus in Aegypt ib. Martial's Epigram upon his Cloak ib. his pride 4. his character 108.109 what he paid for a Mullet ib. the summe reduced to our money 119. Master of the Horse and Councellor to the Emperor 117 Crispus vid. Vibius Crispus Crocodile described 501 Craesus King of Lydia 378. his questions answered by Solon ib. condemned to be burned ib. his life pardoned 379. made a Privy-Councellor to K. Cyrus ib. Crowns given to Poets 245 Cumae a City built by a People of Asia 90. it gave the denomination to a Sibyl ib. Cupping-glasses 476 Curian Temperance 47 Curtius Montanus a huge fat Glutton 124 Cyane 300 Cybele why so called 53. her invention of the Taber Pipe and Cymball ib. stiled Mother of the Gods Rhea Pessinuntia ib. Magna Mater 193. Berecynthia ib. her love to Atis ib. Cydias a Trustee 445. put to his oath ib. equivocates but gains nothing by it ib. dyes miserably ib. Cynnamus the Barber 22. Martial's Epigram upon him ib. Barber to Juvenal 4.343 Cynthia Mistresse to Propertius 186 Cyrus K. of Persia takes Croesus prisoner 378. comes to see his execution ib. why he saved him 379. how he preferred him ib. Sentences in C. Fol. 12. vers 204. The plumed Combatant repents too late Fol. 41. verse 74. Censure acquits the Crow condemns the Dove Fol. 79. verse 150 A Client 's the least Losse in all the World Fol. 230. verse 75. 't is in vain To think one bosome can to Cares contain Fol. 279. verse 177. Each Crime is so conspicuously base As he that sins is great
can share Fol. 270. ver 96. He 's wretched that on others Fame relies Fol. 313. verse 38. Fates govern Men. Fol. 415. verse 59. Some doe not get a Fortune for life's sake But blind live that they may a Fortune make Fol. 439. v. 249. Th' intent of fraud is taken for the Act What is it then if one commit the fact Fol. 5. verse 4. There is an hour in Fate more powerfull far Then if to Mars her Letter Venus write Fol. 238. verse 231. If Fortune will poor Rhetorician she Can raise thee and thou shalt a Consul be And from a Consul if she will she can Make thee again a Rhetorician Fol. 433. verse 123. Men's Fates are divers though their crimes be one A Crosse exalts that Villain this a Throne G. GAbii 241. betrayed by Sext. Tarquin 360 Gabinius an Insurrector with Catiline 57 Galba vid. Apicius Galba Galba vid. Servius Sulpitius Galba Gallicus the Praetor Vrb. 450 Galline Wood 105 Gallita Cruspilina 424 Gallograecia 245 Gauls conquer Italy 245. beat by Camillus ib. run away into Greece ib. planted in Gallograecia ibid. Gallus 521 Games Olympick instituted 446. consisting of five exercises ib. ending in five dayes ib. the Victor crowned with an Olive-wreath ib. why called Pisaean Olive ib. Ganges described 352 Ganymed Son to the K. of Troy 145. his Fable ib. the mythologicall sense of it ibid. Genius taken for God 122. for a Tutelar Spirit ib. for a Spirit within us ibid. Getania 451 Getulian Boore 143 Gillo a weak Gallant 4 Glaucus 453. money deposited in his hand ib. he denyes the receipt of it ib. puts his case to the Oracle ib. the severall answers made him ib. the money restored ib. he and his whole Family extirpated ibid. Glaucus Father to Bellerophon 382 Golden Fleece 18. hung up in the Temple ib. stolne from thence ibid. Golden Ram 18. carryes Phryxus and Helle ib. is made a Star ibid. Good Goddess why thought to be Ceres 60. vid. Fauna Gorgons conquered 420 Gracchi Caius and Tiberius Gracchus Sons to Cornelia 55. too popular ib why they passed the Lex Agraria and with what success ib. how they were slain ibid. Gracchus a Fencer 66 Gracchus a Salian Priest 63. married to a Trumpeter with a Portion of 3125 l. sterling ib. Green-coats 409 Grief ends in stupidity 200 Grotto of Vulcan 16 Grove of Mars 16 Gyarus the least Isle of the Cyclades 28. Malefactors banished thither ibid. Gymnasium 99 Gymnosophists why so called 216. insensible of heat or cold ib. their reply to Alexander the Great ibid. Sentences in G. Fol. 331. verse 3. To few men good and ill unmask't appear For what with reason doe we hope or fear Fol. 337. verse 115. Is there in Greatness so much Good as will But only serve to counterpoise the ill Fol. 348. verse 361. ev'n to tempt the Parents some are bold Such is their courage that come arm'd with Gold Fol. 350. verse 421. Pray that the Gods be graciously inclin'd to grant thee health of body and of mind Fol. 400. ver 161. Proud Guests I shun that will compare Me to themselves and scorn my meaner fare Fol. 429. verse 29. good men are grown scarce the number small If 't be summ'd up you will not find in all So many true deservers of that stile As there are gates to Thebes or mouths to Nile Fol. 431. verse 88. easily men with the Gods make bold When they alone behold the sinne we act No mortal being Witness to the fact Fol. 440. verse 283. Who bounds his vices when did banish't Grace Return if once but wip'd out of the face Fol. 467. ver 238. From whence soe're it rises Gain smels well Fol. 350. ver 410. let the Gods thy wishes weigh Vnto their providence thy will submit And for what 's sweet they 'l give thee what is fit And that which thy condition most behoves The Gods love Man more then himselfe he loves Fol. 429. verse 40. Know'st not how many Venus'es appear In others Gold Fol. 52. verse 72. That he that wants not worth no Gold should want A General in honour is concernd Fol. 395. verse 53. Vntimely fun'rals Gluttons cannot have Old age is more their terrour then the grave H. HAemus 200 Halcyone 242 Hamillus 372 Hannibal lands in Spain 257. passes the Pyrenaean Mountains ib. marches over the Alps ib. gives overthrows to four Consuls ib. Maharbal's judgement of him 258. he is beaten by Scipio ib. poysons himself ibid. Harpocrates God of silence 446. the posture of his Image ib. believed to be a concurrent cause of mens diseases ibid. Harpyes 298. why said to dwell in Islands ib. what they were in Fable ib. and 299. what in reality ibid. Harts live nine hundred years 483. Alexanders Gold-Collar ibid. Hebe 444. why removed from her Cup-bearers place ibid. Hecuba 377. why the Greeks said she was turned into a Bitch ibid. Hedge-Priest or House-Priest contradistinct from Temple-Priest 6 Heliodorus Nero's Informer-General 24. how courted by the petty Intelligencers 4 Hellebore cures the Gout 446 Helvidius Priscus banished 143. repealed ib. Heraclêa writen by Panyasis 26 Heraclitus the Ephesian 354. why he still wept ib. his scorn of Physitians 355. his sad end occasioned by his own experiment ibid. Herculean language to what it referres 55 Hercules Son to Jupiter and Alâ—mena 26 his seven and thirty labours 385.386.387.388.389 he burns himself ib. deified ibid. Hermes Mercury's Statue 293 Hernia 206 Hernick 481 Hesione carried prisoner into Greece 374 Hesperides 149. the Fable of their Golden-Apples and their Dragon 150. the mythology of both ibid. Hetrurian Bubbles 150 Hippia 194 Hippocles Generall of the Asiatick Cumaeans 90 Hippodame Wife to Pirithous 18 Hippolytus a great Huntsman 383. beloved by his wanton Step-mother ib. gives her a repulse ib. his life endangered by his virtue ib. lost by misfortune ib. his torn limbs peeced again 384. he comes into Italy where he calls himself Virbius ib. marries Aricia ib. is buried in the Aricine Grove 383 Hippomanes 219 Hirpin and Corytha 293 Hirrus 372 Homer 506. when he flourished ibid. his own name ib. why surnamed Homer ib. owned and deified after his death by Cities that slighted him in his life time ib. 507. his works ib. his noble posterity ib. esteemed the Prince of Poets by Pliny from the judgment of Alexander the Great ibid. composer of the present Greek Alphabet ib. Horatius Cocles his Heroicall valour 308. his handsome Answer ibid. Hortensius the Augur or Diviner by Birds 23. what Birds he loved best ib. Hyacinthus 196. his Fable 197 Hylas a delicate Boy Favourite to Hercules 35. drowned in his service ibid. Hymettus 452 Sentences in H. Fol. 267. verse 57. who will honour him that 's Honour's shame Noble in nothing but a noble name Fol. 270. ver 104. think it the foulest sin Shouldst thou to save thy breath thy honour spend And forfeit for thy life life's chiefest end Fol. 498. v. 147. The softest hearts kind Nature
it appears Gave to us Men because she gave us tears I. JAnus 207. why he shared the Government with Saturn ib. he builds Janiculum ib. coins money ib. why his Figure had two faces 208. a Temple dedicated to him ib. why called Patuleius and Clusius ib. Janus Ogyges and Chaos are the same ib. Jasius K. of Argos 147 Jason steals the Golden-Fleece 18 Jasper 143 Iberina 193 Ibis described 502 Icarus Son to Daedalus 26. his imprisonment ib. drowned in the Sea 27. which was a Sea of Astrologicall Notions 94 Ida a Mountain 444. memorable for Jove's concealment ib. for the Golden Ball ib. for the taking up of Ganymede to Heaven ibid. Illyrians good Seamen 298 Inclusam Danaen an Ode of Horace 188.250.251 Ingenuus 141 Ino Wife to Athamas 18 Io vid. Isis. Iobates Father to Sthenoboea 382 Iphigenia Sister to Orestes 16. why she was brought to be sacrificed ib. how she escaped ib. Priestess of Diana's bloody Rites in Taurica ib. knows her Brother at the Altar and saves his life ibid. Isaeus a smooth-tongued Orator 98 Tutor to Demosthenes ibid. Isis conceived to be a cause of diseases 446. her Fable 211. her marriage to Osiris and the change of her name from Io ib. her deification and the reason of it ib. where her Temple stood in Rome ib. what use it was put to ib. why it maintained a Company of Picture-drawers 421 Istrian-Flood vid. Danow Julian Law vid. Law Julius Caesar's Wife met by Clodius habited like a Singing-woman 57 Julius Caesar vid. C. Julius Caesar. Julius Tutor robs the Cilicians 294 Junius Celsus 20◠Junius Sabinus 504 Juno 190. what her intermarriage with her brother signifies ib. why her Sacrifices were milk-white 420 Jupiter 187. his fable ib. moralized ib. the power of his Gold 188. why Jove was called Tarpeian 190 Ivy used at common weddings 192 Ixion Father to Pirithous by his Wife 18. Father to the Centaurs by the Cloud ibid. Sentences in I. Fol. 5. verse 60. What 's the hurt rich Infamy can doe Fol. 11. verse 194. Th' Informer catches the least word that slips K. KNight a Romane dignitie 30. how made ibid. Sentences in K. Fol. 394. verse 33. From Heaven came Know thy self Fol. 236. ver 203. All men would know none for their Knowledge pay L LAbyrinth contrived by Daedalus 26 Lacerta Domitian Caesar's Coachman 253 Lachesis the Destiny that spinns the thread of life 94 Ladas foot-man to Alexander the Great 440 how nimble ibid. his Statue erected for his victorie in the Olympick games ib. Lake Velabrian 217 Lamus 207 Lar the houshold God 185 his Temple Incense and Altar ib. paralleld with the Dog by Ovid ib. Larga 475 Laronia a witty wanton 58 Lateranus vid. Plautius Lateranus Latine way full of dead men's monuments 35. why so called and how formerly ib. Latinus an informing Player 24. presents his wife to the grand-Informer 4. put to death for a Pander 25. his Chest 190 Latona 380 Laurell used at marriages of great persons 193 Laureol 301 Law against Adulteresses 27 Law Julian 57 Law against Parricide how executed 450 Law Scantinian 59 Law Theatrall 101 Law of three Children 324 Leeks and Onions worshipped by the Aegyptians 503. the reason ibid. Lenas a Legacy-monger 146 Lentulus one of Catiline's conspiracy 57. his Family surnamed the Swift 301 Lepida perswades her Daughter Messalina to kill herself 385 Lepidus vid. M. Aemilius Lepidus Lerna 203. why the Greek Proverb A Lerna of evils ibid. Lesbia Mistress to Catullus 186 Libertine 181 Libitina the funerall Goddess 425. why some think her to be Venus ib. Licinus a Freedman 30. Governour of Gaule ib. where he gets a mass of treasure ib. Lictor the Officer of death attending the Consul Praetor 29. his rods and axe ib. Ligurian Stones 105 Liparen Islands seaven 17. their names ib. called Ephesian and Vulcanian Isles 444 Locusta poisons Britanicus 28 Longinus vid. C. Cassius Longinus Luca 301 Lucan 248 Lucilius the first Latin Satyrist 21. his Country ib. where he dyed and who was at the charge of his funerall ib. L. Appius 207 L. Fonteius Capito Consul with C. Vipsanius 442. the time when the thirteenth Satyr was writ ib. L. Metellus Pontifex Max. 101. how he lost his eyes ib. his triumph ib. L. Roscius Otho 101 L. Virginus Father to Virginia 381. his expression when he slew his Daughter ib. Lucrece 380. the manner of her Rape ib. she kills her self ib. her revenge ib. her Husbands Inscription upon her Monument ib. 381. her Epitaph ib. Lucrine Rocks 127 Lupercalia Games in honour of God Pan 65. why so called ib. the time and manner of the solemnity ib. Luperci 65 Lura Rutila an ugly old woman 382 Lycisca 197 Lyde's salve-box 64 Lysias the Orator 452 Sentences in L. Fol. 40. verse 56. Loose livers are fast friends Fol. 163. ver 232. On man's life never was too long delay Fol. 234. ver 174. Purple and Violet Robes a Lawyer sell. Fol. 318. ver 157. this fair flow'r goes swiftly to decay Poor wretched short Life's short portion hasts away Whil'st we drink noint wench and put Garlands on Old age steals on us never thought upon Fol. 333. verse 37. laughter's easie any may deride Fol. 519. verse 58. Within the Lawyers lists the fight is slow Fol. 166. ver 305. Long peace undoes us lust then warre more fierce Revenges now the conquer'd Vniverse M. MAcedo adored in the figure of a Wolfe 214 Machaera 242 Moecenas a great Patron to Poets 28. a Voluptuary ib. his bounty to Horace 250.251.252.253 Maenades the Priestesses of Bacchus 205. the time place and manner of their Sacrifice ib. Bacchus named Evoeus from their cries ibid. Maenades Priapêan the Ladies that sacrificed to the Good-Goddess when Clodius met Caesar's Wife 205 Maeotis 120. sacrificeth every tenth stranger 510 Maevia a Gladiatress fights with a wilde Boar 21 Maculonus 246 Malta 203. what commodities it affords ib. held by the expulsed Knights of Rhodes now called Knights of Malta ibid. Mamurius the Workman that made the eleven Shields 64 Mango 409 Manilia 200. her Plea to her Accusation 201 Marcellus kills the Generall of the Gauls 67. takes the City of Syracusa ib. his honours ib. why he built the Temple of Jupiter Capitoline 408. his death 67 M. Crassus proud of his wealth 360. his victory over the servile Army ib. For which he weares Laurell instead of Myrtle ib. his third part in the triumvirate 361. why he made warre upon the Parthians ib. his miserable death with the losse of his whole Army ibid. M. Aemilius Lepidus forbids his funerall pomp 202 M. Fabius Quintilian a Spaniard 194. Governour to Domitian's Nephews ib. Tutor to Juvenal ib. his judgment of M. Varro 210 M. Tullius Cicero meanly born 261. his high merits ib. his unworthy end ib. stiled Father of his Country 305. his fame and his murderer's infamy recorded 365 Marius Priscus Proconsul of Africa 25. fined and banished ibid. Mars how he roared 447. his
by his Mother 249 Peribonius a professed Rogue Chief Priest of Cybele 53 Persicus 406 Petosiris 215 Phalaris the Tyrant 293. his brazen Bull ib. he tortures the Artist that made it to torment others ib. he himself is roasted alive in it 294 Pharos 194 Phericydes Tutor to Pythagoras 512 Phiale 373 Phidias the greatest Master for carving in Ivory 295. his stupendious Statue of Minerva 296. his Jupiter Olympius ib. his Venus ib. his Nemesis ib. Philip a Chirurgion 448 Philip King of Macedon 422. why called the royall Merchant ibid. Philters 217 Phoenicopterus 408 Pholus 422. how he treated Hercules ib. Phrygian Razor 62 Phrygian talk 62 Phryxus a Prince of Thebes 18 Picus King of Latium 299. Diviner by the flight of Birds ib. turned into a Magpie ibid. why that Fable was put upon him ibid. Pierian Girles the Nine Muses 120 Pirithous Prince of the Lapiths 18 Piso vid. C. Piso Calphurnius Pittacus one of the seaven Sages 50. kills the Tyrant Melancrus ib. chosen Generall for his Country ib. challenges and kills the Generall of the Enemy ib. this Duell the originall of the Retiarius and Secutor ib. he resignes his Principality ib. the time of his death ib. Plautius Lateranus 353. why and how put to death ibid. Plebeians 216 Plexippus 147 Pluto first Agesilaus 364. why called Lord of the infernall Region 365. why Pluto and Dis ib. he steals away Proserpine ibid. Pollinea a Wench 59 Pollio 406 Pollux vid. Castor Polycletus a Statuary 104 Polyphemus the Cyclop described 322. his love and jealousie 323. his meat man's flesh his one eye put out by Vlysses ib. his Fable interpreted ibid. Polyxena Daughter to K. Priam a great beauty 376. Achilles taken with her ibid. the match concluded ib. her Bridegroome slain 377. why she was murdered at his Tombe ib. her modesty in dying ibid. Pompeius Ruffus a Whisperer of Accusations 125 Pompey vid. Cneius Pompey Pontia 218. why she poysons her two Sons 219. her impudent confession ibid. she dyes like a Ranter ibid. Ponticus 287 Pontifex Maximus an Imperiall Title 121. the Colledge of Pontifices or Bishops id Pontine Fenns drained 105 Popa 421 Poppaea 211. invents Pomatum ib. washes with Asses milk ib. the manner of her death ibid. Port of Ostia 423. why called the Tyrrhene Pharos ibid. Porta Trigemina 290 Porticoes 117 Posides Spado 476.477 Praeneste a City built by the Grecians 103. the Praenestine Temple of Fortune ib. Praetexta a Gown worn by Noblemens Sons 28. originally it was the Priests habit ib. Praetextati the young Noblemen of Rome 28 Praetor Vrbanus the Lord Chief Justice of Rome 29. why called the grand horse-stealer 409 Praetors eighteen 29. at first the Consuls Deputies 441 Praetus Husband to Sthenoboeâ— 382 Priam taken prisoner when Troy was sackt by Hercules 374. carried into Greece ibid. ransomed ib. rebuilds the City of Troy ib. makes himself Lord of almost all Asia ib. marries Hecuba by whom he had seventeen Sons which made up the number of his male issue fifty for he had thirty three Sons by the by ib. slain at Jove's Altar ibid. Prochyta a little Island 90. why so called 91 Procue 221. her Fable ibid. Procula a Roman Courtezan 59 Proculeius an old Ladies Favourite 4 Proculeius a man of Honour 250 Proculus compelled by the Emperor to fight upon a Theater 405 Prometheus 126. his Fable ib. the mythologie of it 127 Proseuca the Jewes Place of Prayer 88 Protogenes 99 Provinces 119 Psecas 212 P. Aemilius Macedonicus puts on his triumphal Robe in the Senate-house 287 P. Crassus commands his Slave to kill him 361 P. Egnatius informes against his Pupill 49. condemned and executed ibid. Pygarg 408 Pygmeys in India 451. their healthfull Country ib. their height ib. the derivation of their name ibid. the intervalls of their Wives childing ib. they destroy the breed of Cranes ib. how they build ib. called Troglodytes by Aristotle ib. Pylades Son to Strophius Prince of the Phocians 15. his friendship to Orestes 16 Pyrrha Wife to Deucalion 28 Pyrrhus King of Epire 478. his parentage ib. his life 479.480 his Character ibid. Pythagoras 512. travells to Aegypt ib. to Babylon ib. his Scholars ib. his opinion of transmigration of souls ib. Ovid's Metamorphosis probably conceived to be a Pythagorean History ib. Pythag. avouches his own metamorphosis ib. 513. Lucian in his Satyr upon Pythag. gives true reason of that strange but well-meant imposture ib. he dyes at Metapontus where his house was made his Temple ib. why he called himself Philosopher 105. the rest of his opinions 14. his Treatices of a Common-wealth and a Kingdome ibid. Pythia 453 Sentences in P. Fol. 112. verse 85. Nothing so grosse but will belief incline When that Pow'rs prais'd equalls the pow'rs divine Fol. 278. ver 158. the plunder'd will find armes Fol. 337. ver 127. What o'rethrew Crassus conquer'd Pompey caught And bim that to his whips slav'd Romans brought Ev'n supreme Power Fol. 351. ver 431. If Prudence be There can be no Divinity in thee Fortune 't is we we to thy pow'r have giv'n The name of Goddesse and plac'd thee in Heaven Fol. 404. ver 256. Lesse frequent use gives Pleasures their esteem Fol. 427. verse 1. The crime committed presently torments The Author 't is the first of Punishments That no Offender can himself acquit Fol. 428. verse 12. Man's Pain should be no greater then his Wound Fol. 438. ver 225. Happy Philosophy that by degrees Kills vices first then souls from errour frees Fol. 466. ver 219. All th' evill all the wickedness we doe The forrein unknown Purple brings us to Fol. 137. ver 156. many words may not be spoke By a poor fellow in a tatter'd Cloak Fol. 159. verse 148. the Portion casts the Dart Her freedom's bought Fol. 231. verse 97. Poor man what to thee Is any glory if 't bare glory be Fol. 332. verse 5. What hast thou by thy happy'st Project gain'd But thou repent'st thy pains and wish obtain'd Fol. 166. ver 307. When Poverty left Rome no horrid sin But enter'd Fol. 333. verse 32. out of earthen pots no poison's drunk Fear that when thou rich Setine Wine dost hold Sparkling ' midst Diamonds in a Boll of Gold Q. QVinquatrua 365 Quintilian vid. M. Fabius Quintilian Q. Luctatius Catulus puts an end to the first Punick warre 67. his articles of peace with the Carthaginians ibid. Q. Metellus Macedonicus 375. the noble bearers of his Corps ibid. Quirinus Mars 64. why so called ibid. R. REgisters of births and burialls how ancient 323 Religion from whence derived as to the word 505. why severall Religions were invented in Aegypt ibid. Remmius Palaemon 210. Tutor to Quintilian ib. how he called Varro ib. his brag ib. his poverty and the cause of it 211 Retiarius the Net-bearer a Gladiator 66. his manner of fight ib. Rhadamanthus a Judge of Souls 17. his commission ibid. Rhea Sylvia forced to be a Vestall Virgin 248. got with child ib. buried
Mother to Diana and Apollo And to have two Deities by Jupiter might well make her a proud Woman and a joyfull Mother as she is said to be both in Homer and Virgil. Verse 349. Lucrece Daughter to Tricipicinus Praefect of Rome Wife to Tarquinius Collatinus the great Example of Roman Chastity When Sextus Tarquin could not prevail with her by Courtship he resolved to force her and entring her Bedchamber with his sword drawn threatned more then to kill her if she yielded not for he said that when he had murdered her he would lay the dead body of a Slave in her armes to the end they might think her slain for an Adultress Terrified with these menaces to avoid infamy she suffered a Rape In the morning she sent for her Father her Husband and the rest of her Friends and breaking forth into tears acquainted them with the Tyrant's Act and immediately pulling out a knife which privately she carried for that purpose she stabbed her self Her Father Husband and Friends moved with this sad spectacle opened the business to the People which took armes against the Tyrants drive them out of Rome and banished both their King and Kingship T. Collatine upon his VVife's Monument is said to have placed this Inscription yet extant at Rome in the Bishop of Viterbo's Palace Collatinus Tarquinius dulcissimae Conjugi incomparabili pudicitiae decori mulierum gloriae Vixit annis XXII mensibus II. diebus VI. proh dolor quae fuit charissima Collatinus Tarquinius to his sweetest Wife the most incomparable pattern of Chastity the glory of her Sex she lived 22 years 2 moneths and 6 dayes Woe is me she that was my dearest This Epitaph is likewise to be seen amongst the Fabrician Antiquities Quum foderet ferro castum Lucretia pectus Sanguinis torrens egrederetur ait Procedant testes me non placuisse Tyranno Ante virum Sanguis Spiritus ante deos The wound in her chaste breast when Lucrece made The crimson torrent bursting out she said Come forth you Witnesses that Tarquin stole No love Blood to my lord to heav'n my Soul See Liv. in the end of lib. 1. Verse 351 Virginia A great Beauty Daughter to L. Virginius a Plebeian The Decemvir Appius Claudius laid a plot to ravish her and that he might doe it without danger of the Law he suborned one of his Clients to take her for a Slave as being a supposititious Child to Virginius his Wife and the reall Issue of a Slave to the said Client for whom his Patron Appius gave Judgement that so he might have free access to her Her Father not knowing any other way to preserve his Daughter unstained slew her with his own hands and bid her Goe Daughter I send thee to the shades of our fore-fathers free and honest two titles which tyranny would not let thee enjoy living Then with his hands reeking in his Daughter's blood he fled to his fellow souldiers and told them what inforced him to murder her For this Claudius first suffered imprisonment and then death Liv. Verse 351. Rutila Lura Rutila an ugly bunch-backt woman that lived to be above threescore and seventeen years old Plin. lib. 7. Verse 356. Sabines If they had not been chaste and loving VVives they would hardly have come to make a Peace between their Husbands and their Fathers ready to joyn battail as you may see in the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 378. Servilia A Lady very deformed both in body and mind that still made her Gallants her Pentioners Verse 384. Bellerophon A Person infinitely handsome Son to Glaucus King of Ephyre He being in the Argive Court was looked upon with an eye of pleasure by Sthenoboea Wife to Praetus King of Argos and she stuck not to invite him to her imbraces but beyond her expectation suffering a flat denyall She was so much inraged at this affront to her beauty that she accused the innocent stranger for attempting to ravish her The King credited her testimony but when she pressed him to doe her justice he would not violate the Lawes of hospitality so as to kill him in his own Palace but desired the favour that Bellerophon in his journey through Lycia would deliver his and the Queen's Letters which you may be sure moved for his present execution to her Father Jobates that being though not less cruel then his Daughter yet more carefull of his honor would not put him to death publickly but imployed him in a desperate service against his enemies the Solymi a barbarous and warlike people to which he with a small force gave a totall rout After this and many other dangers conquered by his valour he was sent to kill that hidious Monster the Chimaera which he did by the favour of Neptune that accommodated him with the winged horse Pegasus Jobates admiring the courage and fortune of the Youth gave him part of his Kingdome with one of his Daughters by whom he had Isander Hippolochus and Laodamia Hom. Iliad VVhen Sthenoboea heard of his marriage with her Sister she killed her self Bellerophon proud of his successes attempted to flie up to heaven but Jove sent a gad-flie that made his horse cast him and break his neck the place where he fell being afterwards called the Alleian Field But Pegasus performed his journey and was made a Star by Jupiter Some say that as Castor invented a Coach and Erichton a Chariot so Bellerophon found out the use of Gallies wherewith in a Sea-fight he conquered that valiant people the Solymi and sailing he was said to flye upon the back of a winged horse Vid. Pindar Interpr Verse 385. Hippolytus Son to Theseus by Hippolyta the Amazon others say by Antiope His whole delight was to be on horse-back in the field a hunting When he returned to Court he regarded not the Ladies that were much taken with his person and in the first place the Queen his Step-mother Phoedra She found an opportunity in her Husband's absence to intice him to her Bed but he gave her a flat denyall with much indignation which so incensed her that she told his Father he intended to ravish her and murder him Hippolytus understanding his Step-mother's designe upon his life took Coach and fled But the Sea-calves lying then upon the shore frighted with the rattling of his wheels and the neighing of his horses tumbled into the Sea with such a hideous noise that the horses started and ran away with Hippolytus drawing the poor Youth tangled in the rains through the craggy rocks till they pulled him to pieces He was buried in the Aricine Grove consecrated to Diana Ovid Fast. lib. 3. Diana pittying her fellow-Huntsman desired the great Physitian Aesculapius to use all his skill for recovery of the dead Prince whose torn limbs he set together and by his Hermetick art brought him to life again Hippolytus revived left Attica and came into Italy where he called himself Virbius twice a man there he married a Lady whose name was
Aricia and built a City to which he gave her name Verse 390. Co-husband C. Silius the loveliest young Lord of Rome married to the noble Lady Junia Syllana but Messalina the insatiable Empress of whom in Sat. 6. chose him for her Servant and made him put away his Wife Silius very well knew the danger of having such a Mistress but if he refused his destruction would be immediate therefore he thought it best to expect the future and enjoy the present With a great train she frequented his house could not endure to have him out of her sight but the infamy thereof was so great that she sought to cover it with the name of Matrimony Her Husband Claudius Caesar being gone to sacrifice at Ostia with all the Rites and Solemnities of Marriage she took Silius for her Co-husband This news made all the Emperor's Court tremble especially those of his Bed-chamber Calistus Pallas and the great Favorite Narcissus that when the other two would have gone to diswade her stopt their journey For Narcissus feared nothing but that she should know he knew it before he had made sure of the Emperor one of whose Mistresses he got to begin the story which he so well seconded that Claudius gave him a Commission to execute Messalina and for that day to be Captain of his Praetorian Life-guard Silius had his triall but refused to plead only desired that he might be speedily dispatched Messalina not suffered to come to Claudius his presence and prevented in her designe of sending her Children Britannicus and Octavia to beg for her was perswaded by her Mother Lepida to kill her self which she offered at yet had not a heart to perform but the Tribune sent by Narcissus did it for her in the Lucilian Garden Tacit. lib. 11. cap. 9.10.11 Tacitus makes this Preface to the History of their strange marriage I am not ignorant it will sound like a fable that any man should be such a Sot especially a Consul elect in a City where nothing can be secret The day appointed an Assembly of Witnesses at sealing of the Deeds of Contract with and provision for Issue by the Prince's Wife that he should hear the words of the Auspex and she in the Accoutrements of a Bride sit down among the Guests kiss and imbrace and lie all night with her other Husband But this is no fictitious relation all the circumstances being delivered by ancient Writers Vide Suet. in Claud. Verse 393. Bright Veil See the punctuality of Messalina that omits no Hymenaeal ceremony She wears the Flammeum or the Bride 's flame-coloured Veil The purple Counterpoint is cast upon her Bed a sum of money tendred for her Portion a publick Notary draws the Deeds of Joynture for the VVife and Settlement for the Children the Town is called in for witnesses And lest they should come together inauspicatò without some happy promise from the Auspex he by the flight of Birds divines of the future felicity of the marriage but the best Sooth-sayer at the VVedding was Vectius Valens that to shew tricks got to the top of a tree and being asked what he saw from thence answered A Storme coming from Ostia Tacit. lib. 11. cap. 10. Verse 427. Hercules Son to Jupiter and Alcmena for his valour and the glory of his actions deified Cic. de Nat. Deor. lib. 3. But he mentions many of that name First he that contended with Apollo for the Tripos The second an Aegyptian who they say invented Phrygian Letters The third one of the Corybantes or Priests of Cybele The fourth Son to Jove by Asteria the Sister of Latona he is worshipped at Tyre and had a Daughter called Carthage The fift in the Indies being likewise known by the name of Belus The sixt a Theban Son to Jupiter as aforesaid by 〈◊〉 wife Alcmena to him they ascribe the Achievments of all the â—est That Hercules was one of the twelve Gods of Aegypt and that the Greeks borrowed this Deity of the Aegyptians and conferred it upon the supposed Son of Amphitryo we have the authority of Herodot Fourty three which bore the name of Hercules are enumerated by Varro that sayes all that excelled in strength had this name as a title of honour from Hercules begot by Jupiter upon Alcmena He had the fame of conquering almost invincible Labours put upon him by Juno that sought to destroy all Jove's Bastards but he still came off victorious which immortalised his name In regard that Juvenal here mentions his Labours I shall give you an account of them The 1. in his Cradle where he crusht the heads of two Serpents sent by Juno to strangle him The 2. when he was a Youth in getting with child the fifty Daughters of Thespius in one night which brought him fifty Boyes The 3. when he came to his full growth was the destruction of the many-headed Monster Hydra in the Lernean Fens as aforesaid The 4. his foot-race upon the Mountain Maenalus in Arcadia with a Hind that had brasen Feet and golden antlers which he caught and killed The 5. in the Nemaean Forrest between Cleonae and Phlius in Greece he slew a huge Lion that was shot-free neither to be hurt by Iron Wood or Stone The 6. he vanquished Diomedes King of Thrace that fed his Horses with mans flesh and made them eat their Master The 7. A dreadfull wild Boar that was lodged in Erymanthus an Arcadian Mountain and destroyed the Country he took and carried him alive to Juno's Officer his Task-master Euristheus The 8. He killed the Stymphalick Birds with his arrows or as some say made them flye cleer away with the sound of a brass rattle The 9. A wild Bull that had almost laid waste all the Isle of Creet he tamed and brought him in a halter to Euristheus that let him loose again in Attica where he did a world of hurt but was slain by Theseus at Marathon Ovid. Met. lib. 7. The 10. He vanquished his rivall Achelous in a combat for their Mistress Deianira though he turned himself first into a Serpent then into a Bull but Hercules cut off one of his horns and got the Cornucopia the horn of plenty which he exchanged with him for the Amalthaean or wishing horn The 11. He slew Busiris King of Aegypt that used to kill all the strangers in his Court The 12. In Lybia he strangled the Giant Antaeus that wrestled with him as in the Comment upon Sat 3. The 13. Calpe and Abyla when they were one Mountain he pulled asunder The 14. He slew the never sleeping Dragon Orchard-Keeper to the Hesperides and carryed away the golden Apples The 15. When Atlas was wearied with his burden he eased him and in his stead supported Heaven The 16. He conquered Geryon King of Spain that had three bodies and carried off his herds of fat Cattel as in the Comment upon Sat. 5. The 17. He beat out the brains of that half-man Cacus the grand Thiefe Son to Vulcan and vomiting
Pyrrhus ibid. is married to Helenus ibid. Andros an Aegaean Isle 97 Antaeus 98. why Hercules held him from touching the earth ibid. his Sepulcre and body found ibid. Anti-Catoes writ by Caesar 206 Anticyra an Isle 446 Antigonus 508. his love to Zeno and the reason of it 509 Antilochus eldest Son to Nesor 374. slain by Memnon ibid. Antonius vid. C. Antonius Anubis 213. worshipped in the Form of a Dog 214. the reason 503 Apicius the most memorâ—le Glutton 119. writes the Art of Cokery ibid. upon what account he hangâ— himself ibid. Apicius Galba a Droll 140 Apollo's Temple-Statue 31 why he is called the learned in the Law ibid. Appion affirmes that he sa Homer's spirit raised 507 Appius vid. L. Appius Appius Claudius 381. his ot upon Virginia ib. he dyes for it 382 Aquinum now Aquino 5. famous for the birth of Juvenal and â—omas Aquinas 106 Arabarch inscribed in e Pedestall of Crispinus his Statue 31. wâ—t it signifies ibid. Arachne Idmon's Daughâ— 59. her Fable ibid. Inventress of Lines and Nets ibid. Arc a triumphall Monument 91 Archetimus intrusts his Gold 445. is trepand ibid. how he came by his own 446 Archigallus the Title of Cybel's Chief Priest 53. why no Roman could be of that Order ib. how they came to be castrated 54. the manner of their procession ibid. Archigenes a great Physitian 446. censured by Galen 483 Areopagus 324. how the Judges there sitting gave sentence ibid. to divulge the secrets of the Court was death ib. why called the Court of Mars ib. Arete Queen of Corcyra 328 Aristotle a Stagyrite 49. his parentage and description ibid. Tutor and Secretary to Alexander the Great ibid. his Scholars named Peripateticks ibid. he made the first Library ibid. Armenia rebells against Nero 300 Arpinum 305. there Tully and Marius were born ibid. Artaxata a City built by K. Hannibal 70 Arturius an Ingrosser of beneficiall Places 95 Arviragus K. of South-Wales 126. said to marry Claudius Caesar's Daughter ibid. Aruspex 63. how he made his presage ibid. his purifying Ceremony 70 Asius 144 Astraea Justice 189 Assaracus 374 Asylum 309 Asylus the Fencer 202 Atalanta Princess of Argos 147 Atellan Jigge 193 Athamas K. of Thebes 18 Atlas the Mountain 405. why called the pillar of Heaven ibid. why K. Atlas was said to be transformed into that Mountain ib. Atreus 248 Atropos the Destiny that cuts off the Thread of life 95 Atticus 404 Auction publick sale of Goods 95. the manner of it ibid. Aufidius 321 Auge Daughter of Alaeus 13 Augurs 216 Augustus Caesar 305. his Victories over Brutus and Cassius at Philippi over M. Antony at Actium ibid. Aurelia 146 Aurelius Cotta 147 Automedon Coachman to Achilles 27 Autonoe 193 Sentences in A. Fol. 153. verse 23. The Iron Age brought forth all other Crimes Adultery was in the Silver times Fol. 73. verse 25. for our pains In honest Arts the City yeelds no gains B. BAcchanals Celebraters of the libidinous Feasts of Bacchus 48 Bacchae vid. Maenades Baetick Spain now Granada 421. famous for rare-coloured wool ibid. Baiae why so named 9. what a sweet and Princely Town it was ibid. Baius Mate to Vlysses 90 Balneatick the Bath-farthing 68 Baptists Dippers of Athens 60 Barbers came first to Rome from Sicily 124 Bardocuculli 300 Bareas Soâ—anus impeached 99 Basil. 3â—2 Baskets first made in Great Britain 422. their invention falsly boasted by the Romans ib. Bathyllus a Lutenist 447 his Statue consecrated ibid. Beccafico 474 Bedriack-field where Otho lost the Empire 61 Belides 221. their Story 222. the Sentence pronounced against them in Hell ibid. what it is thought to signifie ibid. 224. Bellerophon 382. courted by Q. Sthenoboea ibid. denyes her ibid. is accused for an attempt upon her Honour ibid. carries Letters writ against himself ibid. his fortunate Valour ibid. he marries Sthenoboea's Sister 383. his flying up to Heaven interpeted to be his invention of Gallies ibid. Bellona Goddess of Warre 125. her Priests sacrifice their own blood and then prophesie ibid. Beneventine Cobler an ill favoured drinking-Glasse 143 Berenice 198 Beryll 143 Biscainers the Cantabri in Spain anciently Vascones 508. besieged by Metellus ibid. Planters of Gascony ibid. Bithynia 245 Bithynicus vid. Volusius Bithynicus Boars served up whole to the Table 32. who first did it ibid. Boccar K. of Numidia 145 Bounder-stone the Altar of God Terminus 522. not to be blodied ibid. Bridge Aemilian 189 Britannicus 197. poysoned ibid. Brutidius 360 Sencences in B. Fol. 80. verse 181. In wretched Beggery nothing's harder then To see what laughing Stocks it makes of Men. Fol. 82. verse 213. Our Common Crimes proud Beggery Fol. 109. verse 9. No bad Man is bless'd Fol. 114. verse 117. Let me be rather then a Man of Birth The Gyants Brother th' Offspring of th' earth Fol. 331. verse 7. The Belly 's cheaply fed Fol. 347. verse 354. Seldome Beauty is with Virtue matcht Fol. 470. verse 304. No Playes no Shows like Businesses of Men. Fol. 317. verse 134. What thou shalt in thy Bed-chamber commit Ev'n when the Cock the second time shall crow E're it be day shall the next Tavern know C. CAcus the Outlaw 148. robbes Hercules ib. how he was caught and killed ibid. Caducum a term of the Civil Law explaned 323 324 Caeditius a Judge 452. a Pleader ibid. Caesonia 218 Cajeta 476 C. Antonius banished by the Censors 296. the reason 297 C. Caesar Caligula 218. how he had his surname ibid. his dotage on his Wife ibid. what he said when he kissed her neck ib. why she philtered him into madness ibid. C. Cassius Longinus 353. his eyes put out ib. the colour for his death ib. the true cause ibid. C. Julius Caesar 363. France decreed him for his Province ib. his five Consulships ib. his three years absolute Reign ib. his victories ib. 364. his munificence ib. his murder foreshewed ib. his strange dexterity in dispatch of business ib. the number of his Battails ib. his mercy and bravery ibid. C. Julius Vindex the first that declared against Nero 303 C. Marcellus his Charge against C. Scantinius 59 C. Marius 305. his poor beginning ibid. his high Atchievements against K. Jugurth and the Cymbrians and Teutons 306. overthrown by Sylla ib. his imprisonment and strange escape ib. begs his bread at Carthage ib. is the seventh time Consul ib. dyes of a Pleurisie ib. C. Piso Calphurnius adopted by Galba 147. how munificent ib. C. Scantinius cause of the Scantinian Law 59. C. Silius 384. Gallant to the Empress Messalina ib. forced to sue a divorce from his Wife ib. and to marry his Mistress in her Husbands life time ib. refuseth to plead at his triall ib. Cales anciently Gades its situation 351. sackt by the English 359. how rich the soil about it ib. Calliope the Muse 120 Calphurnius Bestia accused by M. Caecilius 483. Calvina 100 Camillus called a second Romulus 68. why condemned ib. chosen Dictator ib. relieves the Capitol ib. peswades the Romans