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city_n	call_v	river_n	run_v	9,063	5	8.1560	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A39795	Israel redux, or, The restauration of Israel, exhibited in two short treatises the first contains an essay upon some probable grounds, that the present Tartars near the Caspian Sea, are the posterity of the ten tribes of Israel / by Giles Fletcher ; the second, a dissertation concerning their ancient and successive state, with some Scripture evidences of their future conversion, and establishment in their own land / by S.L.	Fletcher, Giles, 1549?-1611. Tartars, or, Ten tribes.; Lee, Samuel, 1625-1691.	1677 (1677)	Wing F1333; Wing L898; ESTC R2002	48,660	138

Tartars And a little after v. 26. Then dwelt they there till the latter time but when they shall come forth again the most High shall hold fast the springs of the River to wit Euphrates that they may pass through therefore sawest thou the multitude peaceably Where he tells that this return of the holy people over Euphrates towards their Country in the latter times is meant of the Israelitish 10 Tribes who were carried Captive by the Assyrians who after the manner of that people would live alone not commixed with other Nations and therefore brake out of the Colonies where they were placed by the Assyrians and went from thence to a remote and inward try as is Tartaria from the society of other men which cannot be said of the Jewish Tribes who notwithstanding by the example of those other Tribes shall be encouraged to joyn together and to march likewise out of the places where now they are towards the Country of Judea without any impeachment or resistance of other Nations As for the manner of their passing over the said River whether it shall be actual drying of the River or a removing of all impediments which may stop or hinder their speedy passage in this their expedition towards their Country I will not argue it at this time That it shall be an actual exiccation of the River with no less miracle then the drying up of the Red Sea or River Jordan when they passed towards the Land of Canaan that so this work of God which shall be famous in all the World even the restoring of this people may be observed by other Nations with great reason and probability is affirmed by Th. Brightman the last interpreter of that Book whom God endued with special gifts and great brightness after his name for the full clearing and exposition of that Prophecy above all that hitherto have written of it FINIS A DISSERTATION concerning the Place and State OF THE dispersed Tribes OF ISRAEL By S. L. THIS Discourse may be divided into 4 partitions 1. Whether the Israelites the ancient and true proprietors of the Land of Canaan by Gods immediate promise donation and their own actual possession were driv'n 2. Where probably they reside at this day 3. Whether they shall return to their ancient propriety in that Land which is now become part of the Turkish Dominions 4. When shall be the time of their restitution As to this disquisition I shall first consider the state of the ten Tribes and then glance upon the two Tribes remaining in the Land for a while after the dispersion of the former The Ten Tribes Here I shall not be anxious about the numbring of the 10 Tribes Whither after their first secession from the house of David part of them did remain with Judah that is whether Simeon and Dan whose Lands were parcelled out of the great territory of Judah and lay West of that Tribe towards the midland Sea did continue within the bounds of the Kingdom of Judah As to that we must herein acquiesce that holy Scripture tells us that 10 Tribes did revolt from Rehoboam the Son of Solomon though its certain that several out of all the Tribes of Israel came up after the Priests to sacrifice to the Lord God of their Fathers at Jerusalem and 't is very probable from their religious inclination to pure worship and the hazard of returning that many might sit down and live under the dominion of Judah We shall then take in the whole Kingdom of Samaria or as commonly called the Kingdom of Israel under the name and title of the 10 Tribes in this disquisition because made up of far the greater part of both the Tribes and people and also the quantity of Land and possessions This Kingdom first raised to that distinct state and dignity by Jeroboam Son of Nebat was scituate in the North of Judah and had at first Shechem for the Royal City Then Tirzah and lastly Samaria In the first place let 's enquire whither these 10 Tribes were carried Captive For answer to this query we find in sacred Page that the Land of Israel was thrice assaulted by the Assyrian Emperors The 1st impress made upon that Country was by Pul possibly Sardanapalus as might be spoken to in reference to Nineve and Scripture Chronology This was acted in the Reign of Menahem who payd to him a 1000 Talents of Silver and diverted him from any further attempts only that the rod of Gods anger was shaken over the Land The Second inrode was performed by Tiglath-Peleser who seems to be the same with Belesis the 1st King of the Assyrians after the revolt of the Medes This Prince took many of their Cities and conquered Gilead and Galilee and all the Land of Napthali and carried the People Captive to Assyria He transported the Reubenites Gadites and the half Tribe of Manasses on the East of Jordan unto Halak and Habor and Hara and to the River Gozan So that in the Book of Kings we find the Country mentioned at large and in Chronicles the particular places to which they were conveyed The 3d. and last aggress was managed by Salmanasser mentioned by Eusebius in his Greek Canon p. 46. who in the 9th of Hoshea sweeped the Land of its inhabitants and carried them to Halak and Habor by the River Gozan and into the Cities of the Medes Hence we may observe in general that the ten Tribes were carried into Assyria and Media as to Media no particular places are mentioned but in Assyria Halah Habor Hara and Gozan the scituation whereof I shall a little examine 1. Halah written in the Hebrew with Cheth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chalach which letter is sometimes turned into 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and sometimes into 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Greeks The 70. such as we have read the text thus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as if Hala and Habor were the names of 2 Rivers along whose banks the Israelites were placed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 some think to be the Original of the name and people of Cholchis between the Euxine and Caspian Seas but they came from Cashuhim in Aegypt 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But we must seek it in Assyria and accordingly we find a Country called Calacine by Ptolomy placed above Adiabene belonging to Assyria It s termed Chalachena by Strabo and seated in the North part of Assyria between the River Tigris and Lycus and separated from Armenia by the Mountain Niphates The inhabitants it may be are the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Dionysius if not the Calneh in Genesis and Isaiah The Province at this day is called Chalcal by Olearius The chief Cities of old were Marde Dithaba perhaps Bithlis now Savara Bessara c. At this day those places are near unto and South west of the Mountains Sehend and Etwend and the Cities are Hemadan Sultanie and Senkan for the River which runs a little

commixt with other people and partly forced by the violence of the Medians who expelled them thence being but strangers and thrust upon them by the Assyrians shall appear plainly by that which followeth A Second Reason is From the names and appellations of their Cities and greater Towns which are scituated upon the East and North-East side of the Bachualensky or Caspian Sea These Tartar Cities which yet are extant have many of them the same names as had those ancient Towns and Cities which were inhabited by the Israelites while they enjoyed their own Country Their Metropolis or chief City though now deformed with many Ruins is Samarchian which hath many Monuments of that Nation as they report who have been there where the great Tamerlain who led about in a Golden Chain the Turkish Emperor called Bajazet had his Seat and place of residence And how little differing is Samarchian from Samaria the chief City of these Israelites and their Seat and Chamber of their Kings onely differing in termination a thing usual in proper names of Men or Citys when they are pronounced in divers languages For what differs the name of Londres as it is termined by the French from this of London or the Town of Antwerp from that of Anverse or Edenborough from Edenburgum The same difference may be observed in the proper names of men and women both in the front and first sylable and termination of the name For what consonance hath Maria or Mariamne with that Miriam of the Hebrews or the English James with the Scottish Jamy with the French Jaimes or the Latine Jacob and yet these names are all one They have besides the Mount Tabor a great Town and well fenced with a strong Fort scituate upon a high Hill nothing differing in sorm or name from the Mount Tabor of the Israelites so often mentioned in the Scriptures They have a City called Jericho seated upon the River Ardoce near the Caspian upon the North and North-East They have Corazen the great and the less whereof the less was surprised not long agoe and taken from them upon whose Country the Tartar People sometimes encroach and he on theirs This univocation of Tartar Cities with those of Israel concurring with the former reason from the Place or Country whither they were sometime transplanted by the Assyrians syrians doth plainly shew that the Israelitish People have been there and given the names unto these Cities as the manner is in all places for the remembrance of their Countrys and dwelling places from whence they came or of the Planters or first Founders of the Colonies as of Galatia by the Gaules and the Tyre of Africk from that of Phanice the like is used in New Colonies as Nova Francia Nova Hispanica Nova Britannica St. Domingo Carthagena and other like These Tartar Cities are inhabited by so many as are sufficient to defend them from the Hostility of the Persians and other Borderers But the greater part which are commonly called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Scythian Shepherds do seldome come within any City or standing houses unless it be in Winter-time but abde in Tents or walking houses which the Latine writers call Veij which are built and carried upon wheels like Carts and Waggons Their manner is in Summer-time when grass is grown and fit for Pasturage with their herds and flocks to march Northward and North-West from the South-East parts where they continue all the Winter not all together but in their Hoords and several Armies under the conduct and directions of their Morsoyes and Divoi-Morsoyes which are their Princes and Vicegerents under the great Cham their Emperor and graze along by the way as they go until they come to the next stage or resting place where they plant their Veij or Waggon-houses and so make a form of a great City with many Streets there continuing till their Cattle have grazed up all Thus they proceed by small Stages till they arrive at the farthest point towards the North and then return towards the South and South-East parts another way where their Cattel have fresh Pasturage And so retiring by short Journeys by the end of Summer they arrive again into the South-East Countrys near the Caspian in a more mild and temperate Climate where they continue all the Winter within their Cities or Cart-houses set together in form and fashion of a Town as before was said My Third Reason is from the distinction of their Tribes which by the Tartar are called Hoords which being united in one Government and communicable in all things else yet may not unite nor mixe together by inter-marriage but keep apart and avoid confusion of Kinreds except it be for defence or publick benefit of the whole they unite themselves and joyn together as one People And this division of the Nation into Tribes and without commixtion of their Kinreds which was no where else used by any Nation save the Israelites is still observed and continued among the Tartars most religiously A Fourth Reason is from the number of their Tribes which are 10 in all neither more nor less as were the Israelites Their names are these 1. The Chrime-Tartars which most infesteth the Russe Borders for which respect the chief leaders of this Tribe whom they call Morsoyes or Divoi-Morsoyes receive their pension from the Russe not to invade or hurt their Country 2. The Second is the Cheremissim 3. The Third is the Morduit-Tartar 4. The Fourth is the Nagay whereof the one is the warlikest People the other is the cruellest and most laborious of all the rest The Fifth is the Sebair whence the Siberes or Siberians who dwell by the River Obba derive their Pedigree and are therefore reckoned and annumbred to this Tribe 6. The sixth is the Mecrite-Hoord 7. The seventh is the Shalcan 8. The eighth is the Chercassey the most civil Tartar of all the rest of a comely person and much affected to be like the Lachish or Polonian in his habit gesture and whole behaviour by means whereof some number of them have of late received the Christian faith 9. The ninth is the Cassach 10. The tenth and last is crlled Turkestan which imports as muck as Herdman Tartar by an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because this Hoord is the greatest Herd-master and Cattlebreeder above all the rest from whom the Turks had their begining as saith the Russe And that this is true besides the report of the Russe People and other Borderers who have best cause to know their Pedigree it is the opinion of all the Historians who lived about the time when the Turkish Nation invaded the upper Asia and began to grow a great and mighty Monarchy Among the rest it shall not be idle nor impertinent to report here what Leanicus Chalcocondilos the Athenian briefly writes in the beginning of his Story touching the Origine of the Turks It is thought said he that the Turkish Nation derive their Pedigree from

West of Hemedan I deem to be the ancient Lycus The City Calicala in North Lat. 41. in Alfraganus is called Hisan or Hisan Cala at this day and the same with Asan by Tigris in Ortelius and the inhabitant Kalaeus or as some Calichla Pliny treating of these Countrys mentions the people Classitae per quos Lycus ex Armenia fertur whom Bochart in his Phaleg corrects by Chalachitae and cites the Talmud explaining Halak by Helvan or Hulvan lying South of Hemedan The River Lycus is at this time called Zab and is mentioned by the Nubian Geographer and of old Zaba and Diava by Amianus which signifies a Wolf whence this portion of Assyria was called Adiabene Thus much for the first place called Halah into which Israel was carried by the command nf the Assyrian Conqueror The Second place is styled Habor Chabor in Hebrew we may observe in Ptolomy a Mountain a River and a City all of this name The Mountain Chaboras called Choatras in the Palatine Copy is that which divides Assyria from Media toward the North-West The River Chabor rises out of the Mountain Massius or Mash in the North of Mesopotamia and is the same which in our Translation of Ezechiel is turned Chebar by the Nubian Alchabur by Strabo 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and by Amiamus Aboras At this day Giulap The City Chabura is set by Ptolemy near the influxe of that River into Euphrates so that stands in a triangle between both Rivers which Amiamus an Eye-witness calls munimentum tutissimum fabre politum cujus maenia Abora Euphrates ambiunt flumina velut spatium insulare fingentes Quod Diocletianus exiguum adhuc suspectum muris turribusque circumdedit celsis c. A very strong Fortress and well built whose Walls are washt by the Rivers Aboras and Euphrates making as it were an Island which being of old but little and dangerous Dioclesian compassed with high Walls and Towers The Romans called it Corcusium in the notices of the Easterne Empire Circaesium and is the same with the City Charchemish in Scripture whither Pharaoh-Necoh King of Aegypt went up to Battel By the Nubian Cquerquisia and now commonly Karkasa and had its name saith Golius from setting forth Horses to a race So that here we evidently discover another place with the Territories adjoyning whither the Tribes of Israel were carried Captive The Third place is Hara which the learned Bochart would have to be Aria but let 's not mistake him for I find this Aria to be the same with Algebal Har signifies a Mountainous Tract as well as Gebal and lyes on the North of Assyria near Media which is evident by some of the Cities of Algebal to wit Hamedan and Dainur lying near the places in Halah before mentioned But the Aria of Ptolomy lies East of Parthia far hence to the South-East of the Caspian Sea which appears plainly by Amianus wherefore I judge this Aria or Gobal to be the true place and not that of Ptolomy on the North whereof runs the River Araxes now called Aras rising out of the Mountain Paryardes or Ararat of Armenia with which agrees that Judicious Traveller Olearius describing the rise of Aras from the Mountains of Ararat in the South of which River lies the little Province Arsea now likely Arzerum and Arsareth in the Apochryphal Book of Esdras Vleg-Beg in the Region of Aran places the three Cities of Mochan Bardach and Sencarah which seem to be Mekar Berdah and Tzenkan of Olearius though a little North of Vleg-Beggs Mokan and is joyned to Media Atropatia or Aderbeitzan whence it appears that our Aria here enquired is no other then the Province of Iran scituate between the Rivers Araxes and Cyrus now called Aras and Kur from which the City Ervan lies not far off and this Country of Iran I take to be the true Hara under our present inquisition whither the Israelites were carried Captive and extends it self upon the North of Assyria and was part of ancient Media and near the Caspian Sea Fourthly Our next search must be after Gozan and the River of Gozan Although as yet I observe no River of that name yet find both a City and a Territory called Gauzanites The Region Gauzanites Ptolomy places in the North-East of Mesopotamia with the City Gizana near the Springs of the River Chaboras at the foot of the Mountain Masius and not far West from Calacine in the Lat. 37. 15. and besides that he places another City called Gauzanea in Media Antropatea or Tropatene in the Latitude of 40 d. 15 min near the River Cyrus or Kir in Scripture whither the inhabitants of Damascus were carried Captive The Learned Bochart asserts the City Ganzania to lye in the midway between the Mountain Chaboras and the Caspian Sea and between the 2 streams of the River Cyrus and conceives that probably it gave the ancient name of Gozan both to the River and Country before the days of Cyrus and this I take to be the Scripture place as being a City of the Medes and near to the forementioned places whither these Tribes were carried though I shall not need to contend about that other in the North of Mesopotamia the latter it may be having been a Colony from the former By what name it s called at this day I cannot determine unless it be the City of Zenken on the River Cyrus not far from the Caspian Sea and not much West of Schamaky a noble and great City of Modern Persia This same place seems to be mentioned by Strabo by the name of Gaza and placed in Media Atropatia It s true I find in Ptolomy a Gauzania and a Gazaca two distinct Cities in Media but that hinders not our acquiescing in the former knowing that Ptolomy is somewhat confused in the delineation of the Rivers Araxes and Cyrus and the Cities adjacent Pliny puts Guza the City of Media Atropatene at 450 miles distance from Artaxata and very probable is the same with Gazaca an eminent City of Media in Amianus and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Constantin Porphyrogenneta who makes it a City of Chaldia so termed from the Chaldeans of whom they fetcht their Origine which may be no other then Colthene with its City Gisma upon Araxes in Ptolomy To travel any further with the Ancient or Moderns would but tire us since we have found out the Gozan of Scripture to lye in Media and near the Caspian Sea But before we unharness it were not amiss to mention the Sabbatical River too much laught at by some If they did but compare the Sambathiah in Seder Olam with the River Sabbatius in Ortelius the River Zabatus in Xenophon l. 2. Cyri. Zaba of Cedrenus and Niceph callist which is the Lycus of Ptol. and Zab. major and minor above said The City Zombis in Amian and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉