may_v throw_v down_o stone_n of_o which_o there_o be_v always_o good_a store_n ready_a or_o what_o else_o they_o have_v to_o annoy_v the_o assailant_n it_o have_v one_o only_a gate_n for_o entrance_n and_o that_o likewise_o well_o fortify_v after_o their_o manner_n there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o it_o fifty_o or_o threescore_o great_a house_n build_v as_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o american_n general_o be_v that_o use_v house_n in_o a_o square_a figure_n each_o side_n be_v about_o fifty_o foot_n long_o or_o more_o and_o sixteen_o or_o twenty_o broad_a but_o not_o many_o story_n high_a and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o court_n or_o void_a space_n a_o place_n to_o make_v their_o fire_n and_o do_v other_o necessary_a work_n about_o it_o the_o country_n round_o about_o this_o town_n pleasant_a and_o good_a 2._o stadac_n or_o as_o some_o call_v it_o stadacone_n another_o town_n of_o the_o native_n not_o far_o from_o the_o isle_n d'_fw-fr orleans_n westward_o 3._o quebeque_fw-la another_o old_a town_n which_o the_o french_a have_v first_o expel_v the_o native_n and_o make_v it_o a_o colony_n of_o their_o own_o have_v since_o name_v st._n croix_n 4._o tadousac_n a_o town_n lie_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n saguenay_n have_v a_o small_a haven_n but_o very_o safe_a and_o capable_a of_o ten_o or_o twenty_o good_a ship_n 5._o franceroy_a this_o be_v little_o more_o than_o a_o castle_n and_o fort_n build_v by_o mounsieur_fw-fr robeval_fw-fr a_o french_a man_n at_o his_o first_o land_v there_o about_o the_o year_n 1540_o and_o last_o st._n lewis_n a_o place_n which_o the_o french_a design_v for_o a_o colony_n in_o the_o year_n 1611_o under_o the_o command_n of_o monsieur_n champlain_n but_o it_o come_v not_o to_o effect_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o iroquois_n a_o savage_a and_o warlike_a people_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o river_n canada_n who_o do_v often_o trouble_v and_o alarm_n the_o french_a in_o their_o quarter_n and_o particular_o hinder_v this_o plantation_n 3._o nova-scotia_n or_o new-scotland_n be_v a_o part_n of_o this_o province_n of_o america_n so_o name_v by_o sir_n william_n alexander_n a_o scottish_a gentleman_n to_o who_o king_n james_n give_v it_o by_o letter_n patent_n in_o the_o year_n 1621._o be_v make_v afterward_o secretary_n of_o state_n for_o scotland_n and_o after_o that_o by_o king_n charles_n earl_n of_o sterling_n it_o contain_v all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o canada_n or_o new-france_n which_o the_o french_a call_n accadie_n or_o sometime_o cadia_n which_o proper_o be_v only_o a_o peninsula_n or_o half_a island_n lie_v thereabouts_o together_o with_o so_o much_o of_o the_o main_a land_n as_o lie_v between_o the_o river_n canada_n and_o the_o bay_n francoise_n that_o be_v reach_v from_o the_o river_n of_o st._n croix_n upon_o the_o west_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o assumption_n in_o the_o east_n this_o be_v do_v present_o after_o that_o sir_n samuel_n argall_n governor_n of_o virginia_n have_v out_v the_o french_a of_o all_o their_o possession_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o canada_n that_o be_v such_o as_o lay_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o virginia_n and_o new-england_n where_o they_o have_v not_o any_o thing_n to_o do_v much_o less_o to_o molest_v and_o make-warre_n upon_o such_o people_n as_o live_v quiet_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o english_a but_o the_o patentee_n after_o sometime_o find_v that_o to_o plant_v and_o maintain_v colony_n be_v no_o business_n to_o be_v undertake_v by_o a_o single_a person_n sell_v port-royall_a which_o be_v the_o principal_a place_n he_o have_v there_o to_o the_o french_a and_o whole_o discontinue_v his_o endeavour_n in_o the_o rest_n which_o the_o french_a therefore_o have_v since_o possess_v the_o place_n of_o chief_a importance_n in_o this_o country_n be_v 1._o port-royall_a above_o mention_v this_o be_v first_o a_o colony_n of_o french_a plant_v there_o by_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr montz_n about_o the_o year_n 1604._o but_o be_v destroy_v by_o the_o english_a from_o virginia_n about_o the_o year_n 1613._o it_o be_v grant_v to_o sir_n william_n alexander_n who_o as_o we_o hear_v sell_v it_o back_o again_o to_o the_o french_a and_o they_o take_v possession_n of_o it_o the_o second_o time_n and_o upon_o another_o account_n howbeit_o if_o report_n speak_v true_a as_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o world_n be_v always_o uncertain_a it_o be_v now_o again_o very_o late_o take_v from_o they_o by_o some_o english_a command_v by_o major_a sedgwick_n it_o have_v a_o reasonable_a good_a haven_n belong_v to_o it_o of_o a_o mile_n broad_a and_o more_o within_o and_o two_o mile_n in_o length_n the_o mouth_n or_o entrance_n be_v somewhat_o narrow_a but_o near_o upon_o a_o mile_n over_o 2._o st._n luke_n bay_n so_o name_v by_o the_o colony_n which_o sir_n william_n alexander_n send_v thither_o but_o by_o the_o french_a port_n au_fw-fr mouton_n or_o sheep_n bay_n 3._o gaspe_n or_o gachepe_n another_o fair_a port_n right_o over_o against_o the_o isle_n of_o assumption_n 4._o to_o the_o south-west_n of_o nova_n scotia_n and_o nothward_o of_o virginia_n lie_v the_o country_n of_o norim_n begua_fw-la so_o general_o call_v and_o as_o it_o have_v be_v think_v from_o a_o great_a city_n or_o town_n in_o this_o province_n or_o from_o a_o river_n bear_v the_o same_o name_n but_o as_o for_o the_o first_o late_a discovery_n find_v none_o such_o and_o as_o for_o the_o river_n that_o shall_v be_v call_v norimbegua_n it_o be_v likewise_o swallow_v up_o in_o that_o which_o be_v more_o true_o call_v pemtegovet_v which_o be_v indeed_o a_o fair_a river_n run_v many_o mile_n together_o in_o this_o tract_n but_o not_o well_o navigable_a above_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o at_o the_o most_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o cataract_n or_o great_a fall_n of_o water_n which_o it_o have_v and_o which_o be_v a_o inconvenience_n incident_a unto_o many_o other_o river_n of_o the_o new_a world_n and_o do_v make_v they_o at_o several_a place_n unpassable_a the_o mouth_n of_o this_o river_n be_v say_v to_o be_v eight_o or_o nine_o mile_n broad_a have_v many_o little_a mountainous_a island_n lie_v before_o and_o about_o it_o one_o whereof_z the_o french_a call_n la_fw-fr isle_n haute_fw-fr from_o the_o great_a height_n which_o it_o seem_v to_o bear_v to_o they_o at_o sea_n westward_o of_o this_o river_n pemtegovet_v at_o a_o distance_n of_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o mile_n there_o empty_v itself_o another_o great_a river_n into_o the_o sea_n which_o they_o call_v quinnebequi_n but_o the_o english_a as_o laet_n report_v sagadahoc_n betwixt_o and_o about_o which_o two_o river_n the_o chief_n and_o most_o know_a part_n of_o this_o country_n of_o norimbegua_n lie_v save_v only_o a_o small_a southerly_a tract_n upon_o another_o river_n which_o they_o call_v chovacovet_n the_o air_n of_o this_o whole_a country_n be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o a_o very_a good_a temperature_n and_o the_o soil_n if_o it_o be_v use_v suppose_a to_o be_v no_o less_o fruitful_a especial_o towards_o the_o river_n and_o where_o it_o be_v not_o mountainous_a or_o overgrow_v with_o wood_n as_o it_o be_v in_o some_o part_n where_o yet_o it_o afford_v much_o good_a timber_n abundance_n of_o walnut_n tree_n and_o of_o other_o nut_n firre-tree_n beech_n with_o much_o other_o necessary_a and_o useful_a wood_n elsewhere_o there_o be_v as_o much_o good_a pasturage_n and_o very_o fair_a plain_n only_o the_o sea_n coast_n be_v say_v to_o be_v shallow_a and_o full_a of_o sand_n so_o that_o the_o sail_v near_o be_v general_o account_v but_o dangerous_a and_o which_o i_o suppose_v may_v be_v some_o reason_n why_o there_o occur_v not_o upon_o these_o coast_n any_o particular_a port_n or_o haven_n which_o as_o yet_o author_n seem_v to_o have_v think_v worthy_a of_o their_o report_n 5._o there_o be_v adjoin_v to_o these_o part_n of_o canada_n or_o new-france_n certain_a island_n which_o although_o they_o come_v not_o under_o any_o one_o common_a name_n yet_o it_o seem_v most_o fit_a that_o we_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o they_o as_o appurtenance_n to_o this_o country_n the_o principal_a of_o these_o be_v 1._o natiscotec_fw-la or_o the_o isle_n of_o assumption_n situate_v in_o the_o very_a mouth_n of_o the_o great_a river_n of_o canada_n it_o be_v discover_v first_o in_o the_o year_n 1534._o by_o jaques_n cartier_n a_o french_a man_n and_o contain_v in_o length_n thirty_o league_n or_o more_o but_o in_o breadth_n not_o much_o above_o seven_o or_o eight_o the_o island_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n very_o plain_a and_o level_a and_o of_o a_o soil_n fruitful_a enough_o if_o it_o have_v inhabitant_n plentiful_o store_v both_o with_o fowl_n and_o fish_n have_v convenient_a road_n but_o no_o very_a good_a harbour_n for_o ship_n to_o stand_v and_o abide_v in_o 2._o rameae_fw-la these_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o fry_n of_o islet_n or_o
much_o give_v to_o quarrel_v and_o contention_n among_o themselves_o but_o by_o this_o time_n it_o be_v suppose_v be_v reasonable_o well_o reclaim_v both_o from_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o in_o this_o country_n beside_o many_o other_o goodly_a stream_n be_v the_o great_a and_o famous_a river_n barania_n on_o the_o bank_n whereof_o be_v seat_v most_o of_o their_o principal_a town_n viz._n xalisco_n which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o whole_a province_n and_o to_o a_o large_a promontory_n or_o foreland_n on_o the_o western_a coast_n which_o shoot_v itself_o out_o into_o the_o bay_n of_o califormia_n right_o over_o against_o certain_a island_n which_o the_o spaniard_n call_v the_o three_o mary_n this_o be_v a_o ancient_a city_n or_o town_n of_o the_o native_n but_o sack_v and_o take_v from_o they_o by_o nunnez_fw-fr de_fw-fr gusman_n in_o the_o year_n 1530._o 2._o compostella_n now_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n and_o a_o bishop_n sea_n 3._o la_fw-fr purification_n a_o small_a town_n on_o the_o sea_n side_n towards_o the_o confine_n of_o new-spain_n 4._o st._n sebastian_n in_o chiametla_n so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v build_v have_v rich_a mine_n of_o silver_n round_o about_o it_o and_o therefore_o make_v a_o colony_n by_o franciscus_n de_fw-fr tharra_n above_o mention_v in_o the_o year_n 1554._o 5._o guadalaiara_fw-it be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n with_o xalisco_n on_o the_o south_n and_o south-west_n with_o new-spain_n on_o the_o north_n with_o zacatecas_n a_o country_n exceed_v pleasant_a and_o rich_a in_o all_o kind_n of_o commodity_n but_o especial_o in_o its_o mine_n of_o silver_n well_o water_v with_o the_o river_n barania_n which_o run_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o and_o with_o divers_a other_o stream_n yield_v abundant_o both_o wheat_n maiz_n and_o some_o other_o grain_n in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v nothing_o say_v of_o the_o property_n of_o new-gallicia_a in_o general_n either_o for_o soil_n climate_n or_o people_n but_o be_v peculiar_o verify_v of_o this_o province_n the_o chief_a town_n whereof_o be_v 1._o guadalaiara_fw-it which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o whole_a province_n about_o it_o it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n barania_n in_o a_o most_o delectable_a and_o sweet_a air_n and_o a_o rich_a soil_n by_o advantage_n whereof_o it_o be_v become_v the_o metropolis_n of_o new-gallicia_a honour_v with_o a_o episcopal_a sea_n which_o be_v translate_v thither_o from_o compostella_n in_o the_o year_n 1570_o with_o the_o court_n of_o judicature_n and_o with_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o king_n treasurer_n for_o that_o province_n 2._o st._n maria_n de_fw-fr los_fw-es lagos_fw-es a_o town_n thirty_o league_n eastward_o of_o guadalaiara_n be_v a_o frontier_n place_n and_o build_v on_o purpose_n to_o secure_v the_o country_n against_o the_o chichemecae_n which_o be_v a_o barbarous_a and_o unreduced_a people_n of_o the_o north-east_n part_n of_o this_o country_n who_o harbour_v themselves_o in_o cave_n under_o ground_n in_o the_o thick_a of_o huge_a wood_n and_o forest_n do_v oftentimes_o issue_v out_o and_o make_v foul_a spoil_n in_o the_o country_n where_o they_o come_v and_o will_v do_v much_o more_o harm_n if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o this_o garrison_n 3._o del_fw-it spiritu_fw-la santo_n build_v by_o the_o founder_n of_o the_o other_o two_o viz._n nunnez_fw-fr de_fw-fr gusman_n aforesaid_a in_o a_o part_n of_o the_o country_n which_o they_o call_v tepeque_fw-la 6._o the_o zacatecas_n as_o they_o call_v they_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n with_o guadalaiara_n on_o the_o north_n with_o new-biscay_n on_o the_o west_n with_o couliacan_a and_o some_o part_n of_o xalisco_n and_o on_o the_o east_n with_o new-span_n the_o country_n especial_o the_o more_o western_a part_n of_o it_o very_o rich_a in_o silver_n mine_n no_o province_n of_o this_o part_n of_o america_n rich_o but_o not_o so_o apt_a either_o for_o wheat_n or_o maiz._n it_o be_v a_o country_n that_o will_v please_v some_o rich_a miser_n well_o that_o can_v live_v only_o with_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o money_n but_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o it_o abundant_o store_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n the_o wood_n every_o where_o replenish_v with_o deer_n the_o field_n no_o less_o with_o corn_n and_o every_o tree_n almost_o give_v entertainment_n to_o some_o bird_n or_o other_o the_o town_n be_v 1._o las_o zacatecas_n forty_o league_n distant_a from_o guadalaiara_n and_o four-score_n from_o mexico_n but_o neighbour_v with_o most_o rich_a mine_n and_o therefore_o both_o garrison_v and_o also_o well_o people_v by_o the_o spaniard_n it_o be_v suppose_v there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o five_o hundred_o family_n of_o they_o in_o the_o town_n and_o about_o the_o mine_n 2._o st._n martin_n twenty_o seven_o league_n distant_a from_o zacatecas_n and_o as_o rich_a a_o place_n have_v a_o colony_n of_o four_o hundred_o spaniard_n at_o least_o 3._o st._n lucas_n de_fw-fr avinno_n 4._o erena_n lesser_a town_n but_o both_o of_o they_o rich_a and_o seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o excellent_a mine_n 6._o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios_fw-es in_o the_o most_o northerly_a part_n of_o all_o this_o country_n sixty_o eight_o league_n distant_a from_o guadalaiara_n and_o found_v by_o the_o aforesaid_a francisco_n de_fw-fr tharra_n who_o have_v subdue_v and_o quiet_v the_o native_n and_o thereby_o gain_v to_o himself_o the_o government_n of_o these_o country_n grant_v the_o propriety_n of_o some_o silver_n mine_n both_o to_o the_o spaniard_n and_o native_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n draw_v so_o many_o of_o they_o thither_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n it_o become_v the_o chief_a and_o best_a people_v town_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n 7._o durango_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o guadiana_n eight_o league_n distant_a from_o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios._n 8._o xeres_fw-fr de_fw-fr frontera_n a_o place_n build_v on_o purpose_n for_o the_o repress_v of_o the_o chichemecae_n aforesaid_a and_o other_o savage_n that_o infest_a the_o border_n of_o guadalaiara_n in_o the_o regency_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o villa_n manrique_n and_o last_o st._n lewis_n build_v by_o alonso_n pacheco_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n which_o be_v call_v vxitipa_n and_o people_v by_o he_o with_o a_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n be_v distant_a about_o twenty_o league_n from_o panuco_n in_o new-spain_n to_o which_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o vxitipa_n once_o belong_v 7._o new-biscay_n have_v on_o the_o south_n the_o zacatecas_n on_o the_o west_n the_o country_n of_o cinoloa_n northward_o it_o be_v bound_v with_o new-mexico_n the_o eastern_a border_n of_o it_o look_v towards_o florida_n not_o yet_o well_o discover_v so_o call_v by_o the_o spaniard_n only_o from_o its_o neighbourhood_n to_o new-gallicia_a it_o be_v as_o the_o other_o province_n exceed_o rich_a in_o silver_n mine_n and_o have_v some_o also_o of_o lead_n which_o serve_v principal_o as_o some_o say_v for_o the_o refine_n or_o purge_v of_o the_o other_o metal_n the_o people_n general_o of_o a_o stout_a and_o resolute_a disposition_n and_o with_o much_o difficulty_n submit_v to_o the_o yoke_n yea_o the_o spaniard_n themselves_o confess_v there_o remain_v yet_o to_o this_o day_n four_o great_a town_n unreduce_v though_o they_o lie_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o middle_a way_n betwixt_o the_o zacatecas_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o mine_n and_o town_n of_o st._n barbara_n of_o this_o province_n the_o spaniard_n call_v they_o las_o quatro_fw-la ceinegas_n or_o the_o four_o quagmire_n as_o lie_v perhaps_o in_o the_o marsh_n or_o in_o some_o fenny_a and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o country_n the_o town_n which_o themselves_o hold_v be_v 1._o st._n barbara_n famous_a for_o the_o rich_a mine_n about_o it_o 2._o st._n john_n equal_a to_o the_o other_o and_o not_o above_o three_o or_o four_o league_n distant_a from_o it_o 3._o end_v the_o most_o northerly_a town_n which_o the_o spaniard_n have_v in_o this_o country_n distant_a about_o twenty_o league_n from_o the_o other_o these_o be_v all_o colony_n of_o the_o spaniard_n and_o build_v on_o purpose_n for_o secure_v the_o mine_n 7._o new-mexico_n as_o it_o be_v call_v for_o distinction_n sake_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south-west_n with_o new-biscay_n more_o direct_o westward_o with_o some_o part_n of_o quivira_n the_o country_n northward_o of_o it_o not_o yet_o discover_v eastward_o it_o extend_v itself_o as_o far_o as_o florida_n this_o be_v without_o comparison_n the_o large_a province_n of_o all_o new-gallicia_a have_v be_v search_v and_o discover_v by_o the_o spaniard_n above_o one_o hundred_o some_o say_v above_o two_o hundred_o league_n direct_o eastward_o and_o to_o the_o north-east_n and_o they_o report_v wonder_n of_o it_o if_o we_o may_v believe_v they_o at_o least_o in_o respect_n of_o what_o be_v general_o find_v in_o these_o northern_a part_n of_o america_n at_o their_o first_o discovery_n as_o namely_o that_o they_o have_v
del_fw-it zur_n with_o which_o it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n and_o west_n part_n lie_v otherwise_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n betwixt_o the_o province_n of_o mexicana_n last_o speak_v of_o and_o that_o of_o guaxata_n which_o follow_v contain_v in_o length_n viz._n from_o one_o sea_n to_o the_o other_o not_o much_o less_o than_o a_o hundred_o league_n and_o in_o some_o place_n fourscore_o in_o breadth_n but_o towards_o the_o south-sea_n grow_v much_o narrow_a it_o be_v a_o country_n exceed_o plentiful_a both_o of_o corn_n and_o cattle_n full_a of_o rich_a pasturage_n and_o so_o plentiful_o store_v with_o maiz_n some_o wheat_n and_o other_o grain_n that_o it_o be_v count_v as_o it_o be_v the_o granary_n of_o america_n the_o people_n of_o this_o country_n when_o the_o spaniard_n first_o land_v among_o they_o live_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n or_o free_a state_n refuse_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o mexico_n with_o who_o they_o have_v almost_o continual_a war_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n as_o have_v be_v say_v assist_v cortes_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o without_o who_o help_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a he_o have_v never_o be_v able_a to_o do_v any_o thing_n they_o enjoy_v therefore_o many_o special_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n more_o than_o other_o american_n do_v they_o pay_v no_o tribute_n but_o only_o a_o handful_n of_o wheat_n yearly_a for_o every_o person_n in_o way_n of_o acknowledgement_n and_o otherwise_o live_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o spaniard_n whole_o in_o the_o form_n of_o their_o ancient_a government_n the_o whole_a province_n be_v say_v to_o contain_v two_o hundred_o good_a town_n and_o burrough_n and_o more_o than_o one_o thousand_o village_n all_o of_o they_o exceed_o populous_a and_o suppose_v to_o contain_v in_o the_o whole_a above_o a_o million_o and_o half_a of_o native_n beside_o spaniard_n who_o have_v some_o few_o colony_n in_o the_o country_n for_o secure_v of_o it_o the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o province_n be_v 1._o tlascalla_n itself_o which_o denominate_v the_o whole_a country_n as_o the_o metropolis_n of_o it_o it_o be_v a_o fair_a town_n and_o commodious_o seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o large_a and_o fertile_a campaign_n of_o threescore_o mile_n in_o compass_n it_o consist_v of_o four_o large_a and_o beautiful_a street_n or_o quarter_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o they_o where_o they_o all_o meet_v have_v a_o piazza_n or_o market_n place_n equal_a to_o that_o of_o mexico_n and_o able_a to_o receive_v twenty_o or_o thirty_o thousand_o person_n convenient_o to_o buy_v and_o sell_v in_o it_o 2._o puebla_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la angeles_n or_o the_o city_n of_o angel_n a_o town_n build_v by_o sebastian_n ramirez_n a_o churchman_n and_o he_o that_o be_v the_o first_o precedent_n or_o chief_a governor_n of_o mexico_n under_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n it_o be_v build_v in_o the_o year_n 1531_o almost_o in_o the_o road_n way_n from_o vera_fw-la crux_fw-la to_o mexico_n and_o seat_v in_o a_o very_a delicate_a and_o fertile_a country_n and_o of_o a_o good_a air_n it_o be_v a_o bishop_n sea_n and_o value_v at_o twenty_o thousand_o ducat_n of_o yearly_a rent_n the_o city_n itself_o suppose_v to_o contain_v about_o fifteen_o hundred_o family_n where_o there_o be_v abundance_n of_o excellent_a cloth_n make_v and_o for_o fineness_n not_o yield_v to_o the_o best_a of_o spain_n 3._o zempoallan_n seat_v upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n 4._o napaluca_fw-la 5._o guaxacingo_n all_o of_o they_o great_a and_o ancient_a town_n of_o the_o native_n 6._o segura_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr frontera_n a_o spanish_a town_n build_v by_o cortes_n present_o upon_o the_o conquest_n of_o mexico_n for_o the_o secure_n of_o the_o confine_n as_o the_o name_n import_v 7._o vera_fw-la crux_fw-la a_o town_n build_v by_o cortes_n and_o his_o companion_n at_o their_o first_o land_n and_o where_o afterward_o by_o a_o stratagem_n and_o out_o of_o a_o resolution_n either_o to_o conquer_v or_o die_v in_o the_o country_n he_o cause_v all_o his_o ship_n to_o be_v burn_v that_o his_o soldier_n may_v not_o so_o much_o as_o think_v of_o return_v back_o from_o whence_o they_o come_v the_o town_n be_v at_o first_o build_v five_o or_o six_o league_n up_o within_o land_n but_o the_o place_n be_v find_v not_o to_o be_v so_o healthful_a the_o inhabitant_n in_o a_o short_a time_n desert_v it_o and_o seat_v themselves_o upon_o a_o bay_n of_o the_o sea_n right_o over_o against_o st._n john_n d'ullua_n 8._o medellin_n another_o spanish_a town_n build_v likewise_o by_o cortes_n in_o memory_n of_o his_o own_o birth_n place_n which_o be_v medellin_n a_o small_a town_n of_o estramedura_n a_o province_n of_o spain_n last_o st._n john_n d'ullua_n a_o note_a and_o the_o most_o usual_a port_n to_o all_o this_o province_n and_o likewise_o to_o the_o city_n of_o mexico_n itself_o from_o the_o north_n sea_n but_o of_o difficult_a entrance_n especial_o to_o such_o as_o be_v not_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o passage_n or_o want_v guide_n by_o reason_n of_o certain_a rock_n and_o quicksand_n wherewith_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n be_v say_v to_o be_v bar_v but_o within_o the_o station_n be_v more_o safe_a it_o have_v likewise_o two_o strong_a bulwark_n or_o fort_n raise_v on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o entrance_n one_o to_o defend_v the_o passage_n 11._o guaxata_n have_v on_o the_o north_n the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n on_o the_o south_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n on_o the_o east_n jucatan_n and_o chiapa_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o province_n of_o guatimala_n on_o the_o west_n tlascalla_n the_o country_n extend_v itself_o upon_o the_o south_n sea_n about_o a_o hundred_o league_n in_o length_n but_o from_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o border_n of_o tlascalla_n one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o eastward_o not_o above_o half_a so_o much_o have_v a_o good_a air_n and_o a_o soil_v no_o less_o fruitful_a especial_o in_o mulberry_n tree_n and_o a_o great_a abundance_n of_o silk_n which_o the_o country_n afford_v more_o than_o any_o other_o province_n of_o america_n beside_o nor_o be_v it_o less_o rich_a in_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n there_o be_v scarce_o a_o river_n in_o the_o whole_a country_n but_o the_o sand_n of_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v tincture_v more_o or_o less_o with_o that_o yellow_a metal_n it_o yield_v likewise_o great_a plenty_n of_o cassia_n and_o cocchinele_n two_o rich_a commodity_n and_o the_o people_n general_o if_o they_o will_v take_v pain_n may_v be_v the_o wealthy_a it_o be_v think_v of_o any_o other_o in_o america_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v through_o any_o voluntary_a contempt_n of_o riches_n or_o through_o any_o natural_a sloathfullness_n as_o yet_o they_o seem_v to_o pine_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o plenty_n live_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o little_o better_o than_o from_o hand_n to_o mouth_n nevertheless_o exceed_o liberal_a of_o what_o they_o have_v especial_o to_o such_o as_o bear_v the_o habit_n of_o religion_n and_o attend_v the_o service_n of_o their_o soul_n maintain_v in_o a_o plentiful_a and_o good_a manner_n as_o it_o be_v say_v no_o less_o than_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o convent_v of_o religious_a man_n of_o several_a order_n in_o this_o only_a province_n beside_o hospital_n school_n for_o the_o train_n up_o of_o youth_n and_o other_o place_n of_o public_a charity_n it_o be_v subdivide_v into_o many_o particular_a province_n which_o because_o they_o be_v many_o and_o but_o small_a in_o comparison_n of_o some_o other_o we_o may_v call_v wapentake_n or_o hundred_o rather_o than_o province_n the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v these_o that_o follow_v viz._n 1._o misteca_n 2._o tutepecque_fw-fr 3._o zapoteca_n 4._o guazacoalco_n 5._o gueztaxatla_fw-mi and_o 6._o the_o valley_n of_o guaxata_n from_o whence_o cortes_n after_o the_o conquest_n of_o mexico_n have_v his_o title_n give_v he_o by_o the_o emperor_n marquis_n of_o the_o valley_n it_o be_v the_o rich_a and_o most_o pleasant_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n extend_v in_o a_o continue_a tract_n together_o full_a sixteen_o league_n or_o more_o lie_v about_o fourscore_o southward_n of_o mexico_n and_o want_v neither_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n nor_o any_o other_o of_o the_o prime_n and_o best_a commodity_n of_o the_o new-world_n the_o town_n of_o principal_a note_n inhabit_v by_o the_o spaniard_n in_o this_o province_n be_v first_o antequera_n in_o the_o valley_n aforesaid_a a_o stately_a city_n and_o beautify_v with_o a_o fair_a cathedral_n church_n build_v with_o pillar_n of_o the_o fine_a marble_n of_o great_a height_n and_o bigness_n 2._o st._n ildephonso_n 3._o st._n jago_n common_o call_v st._n jago_n of_o the_o valley_n nexatapa_n yet_o be_v itself_o a_o city_n fair_o seat_v upon_o a_o hill_n 4._o del_fw-it spirito_n santo_n a_o town_n build_v
the_o mine_n the_o only_a inconvenience_n which_o the_o country_n seem_v to_o lie_v under_o be_v the_o abundance_n of_o serpent_n or_o snake_n which_o it_o breed_v there_o be_v some_o of_o they_o say_v to_o be_v twenty_o foot_n long_o or_o more_o and_o do_v not_o a_o little_a infest_v the_o native_n who_o yet_o be_v not_o without_o a_o general_a antidote_n or_o remedy_n which_o the_o country_n likewise_o natural_o afford_v which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o leaf_n of_o some_o of_o their_o tree_n dry_v to_o powder_n of_o which_o they_o make_v a_o plaster_n of_o sovereign_a efficacy_n as_o it_o be_v say_v against_o their_o venom_n and_o otherwise_o general_o good_a for_o any_o old_a and_o inveterate_a sore_n the_o place_n of_o more_o principal_a note_n in_o this_o country_n inhabit_v by_o the_o spaniard_n be_v 1._o ciudad_o real_a pleasant_o seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o round_a vale_n or_o plain_n and_o almost_o encompass_v with_o hill_n round_o about_o it_o in_o form_n of_o a_o amphitheatre_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o one_o of_o which_o stand_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o rest_n the_o city_n be_v build_v it_o be_v a_o city_n special_o privilege_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n of_o a_o pure_a and_o temperate_a air_n and_o the_o country_n about_o plentiful_o abound_v both_o in_o corn_n and_o fruit._n 2._o chiapa_n which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o valley_n aforesaid_a it_o be_v a_o bishop_n sea_n and_o famous_a if_o but_o for_o one_o of_o its_o prelate_n viz._n bartholomaeus_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr casas_n of_o the_o order_n of_o preacher_n who_o be_v bishop_n of_o this_o city_n and_o his_o memory_n just_o precious_a among_o the_o poor_a american_n at_o this_o day_n for_o his_o charity_n towards_o they_o and_o for_o the_o stout_a and_o zealous_a opposition_n which_o he_o make_v against_o the_o spaniard_n cruel_a and_o inhuman_a deal_n with_o the_o native_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o conquest_n by_o which_o at_o last_o notwithstanding_o much_o difficulty_n and_o resistance_n make_v by_o interest_v person_n of_o the_o other_o side_n he_o procure_v they_o liberty_n and_o a_o edict_n from_o the_o emperor_n in_o favour_n of_o they_o whereby_o they_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v free_a people_n and_o not_o slave_n and_o the_o spaniard_n forbid_v to_o use_v they_o any_o long_o as_o such_o or_o to_o force_v they_o to_o any_o kind_n of_o labour_n against_o their_o will_n or_o otherwise_o than_o by_o agreement_n with_o they_o which_o liberty_n they_o enjoy_v to_o this_o day_n and_o though_o the_o spaniaiard_n be_v say_v to_o give_v they_o very_o small_a wage_n in_o some_o place_n and_o for_o their_o work_n in_o their_o sugar_n mill_n which_o be_v no_o small_a labour_n not_o above_o five_o royal_n or_o two_o shilling_n six_o penny_n a_o week_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o themselves_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n yet_o by_o reason_n it_o be_v with_o their_o consent_n and_o in_o a_o country_n where_o all_o thing_n be_v plentiful_a and_o cheap_a their_o condition_n be_v much_o better_a than_o it_o be_v and_o the_o favour_n which_o that_o good_a bishop_n do_v they_o never_o to_o be_v forget_v it_o be_v at_o present_a a_o great_a city_n and_o populous_a and_o lie_v almost_o in_o the_o middle_a way_n betwixt_o the_o city_n of_o mexico_n and_o guatimala_n 3._o st._n bartholomew_n 4._o tecpatlan_n and_o some_o other_o belong_v to_o the_o native_n 3._o vera_fw-la paz_n or_o the_o country_n of_o true_a peace_n be_v so_o name_v by_o the_o spaniard_n as_o they_o say_v because_o it_o be_v never_o conquer_v by_o the_o sword_n but_o reduce_v to_o obedience_n only_o by_o the_o preach_n of_o the_o dominican_n friar_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n and_o south-west_n with_o chiapa_n on_o the_o east_n with_o some_o part_n of_o guatimala_n and_o honduras_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o jucatan_n it_o contain_v about_o thirty_o league_n length_n and_o almost_o as_o much_o in_o breadth_n be_v a_o woody_a and_o mountainous_a country_n for_o the_o most_o part_n yet_o well_o distinguish_v with_o valley_n and_o low_a ground_n it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v a_o little_a too_o much_o subject_n to_o rain_n which_o it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v for_o nine_o month_n of_o the_o year_n almost_o continual_o by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o country_n be_v otherwise_o hot_a be_v much_o anoy_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o mosquit_n or_o great_a sort_n of_o gnatts_n which_o spoil_v the_o fruit_n very_o much_o and_o be_v otherwise_o not_o a_o little_a troublsome_a to_o the_o people_n the_o chief_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n be_v first_o a_o kind_n of_o amber_n which_o some_o call_v liquid_a amber_n which_o drop_v from_o divers_a of_o their_o tree_n and_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o commodity_n very_o precious_a and_o of_o much_o use_n mastic_n sazaparilla_n china_n wood_n and_o divers_a other_o medicinal_a wood_n which_o it_o afford_v in_o great_a plenty_n but_o as_o for_o any_o town_n or_o place_n of_o much_o traffic_n or_o note_n inhabit_v by_o the_o spaniard_n i_o find_v not_o any_o name_v save_v only_o st._n augustine_n near_a unto_o which_o there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o cave_n and_o fountain_n within_o ground_n which_o convert_v the_o water_n that_o fall_v into_o it_o out_o of_o several_a lesser_a spring_n into_o a_o kind_n of_o alabaster_n or_o stone_n perfect_o white_a and_o fashion_n it_o likewise_o into_o pillar_n statue_n and_o other_o artificial_a form_n very_o curious_o as_o laet_n report_v 4._o guatimala_fw-mi special_o so_o call_v have_v on_o the_o west_n the_o river_n xicalapa_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o vera_n paz_n on_o the_o east_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o country_n of_o nicaragua_n on_o the_o north_n with_o honduras_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o mare_n del_fw-it zur_n the_o country_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o neighbourhood_n with_o vera_n paz_n not_o altogether_o clear_a of_o mountain_n but_o otherwise_o well_o water_v with_o rivers_n and_o enrich_v with_o fair_a and_o fruitful_a valley_n which_o afford_v not_o only_o good_a pasturage_n and_o many_o great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n but_o likewise_o good_a store_n of_o wheat_n maiz_n and_o other_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n great_a plenty_n of_o cotton-wooll_n general_o both_o here_o and_o in_o the_o other_o province_n viz._n of_o vera_n paz_n chiapa_n etc._n etc._n some_o medicinal_a wood_n likewise_o and_o liquor_n and_o absolute_o the_o best_a sulphur_n of_o america_n the_o people_n general_o tractable_a and_o well_o dispoe_v both_o in_o point_n of_o religion_n and_o civil_a government_n the_o town_n of_o chief_n note_n be_v 1._o guatimala_fw-mi otherwise_o call_v st._n jago_n de_fw-fr guatimala_n the_o chief_n city_n of_o the_o province_n situate_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o pleasant_a river_n and_o in_o all_o respect_v convenient_a but_o for_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o two_o vulcan_n as_o they_o call_v they_o at_o the_o west-indies_n that_o be_v of_o certain_a mountain_n which_o cast_v fire_n and_o smoke_n out_o of_o they_o more_o or_o less_o continual_o and_o with_o which_o about_o the_o year_n 1586._o it_o be_v almost_o bury_v with_o ash_n and_o burn_a earth_n which_o the_o one_o of_o they_o for_o the_o space_n of_o six_o month_n together_o continual_v belch_v out_o in_o such_o fearful_a quantity_n that_o many_o people_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o city_n receive_v much_o damage_n by_o it_o there_o be_v many_o of_o these_o vulcan_n in_o several_a part_n of_o america_n as_o namely_o at_o arequipa_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o peru_n at_o puebla_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la angeles_n in_o the_o province_n of_o tlascalla_n abovesaid_a a_o mountain_n of_o so_o great_a height_n that_o they_o be_v say_v to_o go_v little_o less_o than_o thirty_o league_n turn_v and_o wind_v before_o they_o can_v reach_v the_o top_n of_o it_o and_o other_o in_o several_a other_o place_n they_o be_v general_o mountain_n of_o great_a height_n and_o run_v sharp_a upward_o but_o at_o the_o top_n contain_v some_o quantity_n of_o plain_a and_o level_a ground_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o be_v the_o pit_n or_o hole_n out_o of_o which_o abundance_n of_o smoke_n and_o fiery_a ash_n be_v vomit_v almost_o continual_o and_o so_o deep_a that_o they_o be_v suppose_v for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o reach_v to_o the_o very_a bottom_n of_o the_o mountain_n some_o of_o these_o vulcan_n cast_v forth_o neither_o fire_n nor_o smoke_n yet_o be_v clear_o see_v to_o burn_v at_o the_o bottom_n with_o a_o quick_a fire_n and_o which_o be_v so_o extreme_o hot_a that_o it_o instant_o melt_v iron_n or_o any_o other_o metal_n that_o be_v cast_v into_o it_o as_o by_o experience_n have_v be_v find_v for_o some_o conceive_v that_o the_o matter_n which_o maintain_v these_o fire_n within_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o long_o together_o can_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o melt_v gold_n have_v
inhabitant_n be_v since_o remove_v to_o porto_n bello_fw-la or_o st._n philip_n aforesaid_a as_o to_o a_o more_o fortify_v and_o secure_a place_n 3._o acla_o a_o town_n upon_o the_o same_o coast_n but_o lie_v southeast_n of_o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios._n 4._o nata_fw-la common_o call_v st._n jago_n de_fw-fr nata_fw-la situate_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o this_o province_n upon_o mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n or_o the_o south_n sea_n about_o thirty_o league_n distance_n from_o panama_n towards_o the_o border_n of_o veragua_n 5._o panama_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n be_v also_o a_o bishop_n sea_n who_o be_v suffragan_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o lima_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n for_o these_o part_n it_o be_v seat_v likewise_o upon_o the_o south_n sea_n and_o so_o near_o that_o at_o high_a water_n the_o ship_n be_v say_v to_o ride_v even_o under_o the_o wall_n through_o this_o town_n the_o wealth_n both_o of_o peru_n and_o spain_n pass_v once_o every_o year_n from_o spain_n by_o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios_n and_o porto_n bello_fw-la from_o whence_o whatsoever_o merchandise_n or_o other_o commodity_n come_v from_o spain_n be_v transport_v to_o panama_n by_o land_n and_o from_o thence_o by_o sea_n to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o peru_n and_o by_o panama_n whatsoever_o come_v from_o peru_n to_o be_v send_v into_o spain_n it_o have_v common_o a_o strong_a garrison_n of_o soldier_n in_o it_o and_o be_v doubtless_o a_o place_n otherwise_o well_o fortify_v be_v of_o so_o great_a importance_n last_o la_n crux_fw-la real_a a_o few_o league_n distant_a from_o panama_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n inhabit_v by_o negro_n 3._o darien_n have_v on_o the_o north_n the_o district_n or_o circle_n of_o panama_n on_o the_o south_n the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o granada_n eastward_o it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o gulf_n of_o vrraba_n abovesaid_a and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o river_n darien_n which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o province_n and_o to_o the_o west_n with_o the_o south_n sea_n of_o a_o more_o temperate_a air_n by_o far_o than_o that_o of_o panama_n and_o a_o soil_n so_o admirable_o fruitful_a and_o lusty_a that_o they_o say_v melon_n cucumber_n and_o general_o all_o other_o fruit_n of_o the_o garden_n be_v ripe_a and_o fit_a to_o gather_v within_o twenty_o day_n or_o less_o after_o their_o first_o sow_v the_o chief_a and_o indeed_o only_a town_n of_o this_o tract_n be_v darien_n call_v ancient_o by_o the_o first_o founder_n of_o it_o st._n maria_n antiqua_fw-la and_o by_o other_o the_o antique_a of_o darien_n be_v one_o of_o the_o first_o town_n that_o be_v build_v by_o the_o spaniard_n on_o the_o firm_a land_n 4._o eastward_o of_o darien_n and_o the_o gulf_n of_o vrraba_n lie_v the_o country_n of_o new-andaluzia_n as_o some_o call_v it_o though_o that_o name_n be_v likewise_o and_o perhaps_o more_o true_o attribute_v to_o the_o province_n of_o paria_fw-la hereafter_o to_o be_v speak_v of_o on_o the_o east_n it_o have_v the_o country_n call_v st._n martha_n on_o the_o north_n the_o main_a ocean_n and_o new-granada_n towards_o the_o south_n it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o mountainous_a country_n and_o full_a of_o wood_n which_o they_o say_v yield_v abundance_n of_o rosin_n gum_n and_o some_o very_a good_a balsam_n but_o the_o plain_n by_o reason_n of_o much_o rain_n to_o which_o the_o country_n be_v subject_a especial_o for_o some_o time_n of_o the_o year_n of_o but_o a_o spewy_a and_o cold_a soil_n the_o spaniard_n at_o their_o first_o come_n find_v it_o a_o rich_a country_n not_o so_o much_o from_o the_o nature_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o soil_n though_o it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v some_o mine_n in_o it_o and_o those_o of_o gold_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o certain_a opinion_n and_o respect_n which_o the_o american_n of_o these_o part_n be_v general_o say_v to_o have_v bear_v towards_o this_o country_n insomuch_o that_o they_o will_v be_v bring_v and_o bury_v therein_o from_o other_o place_n very_o remote_a and_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n not_o without_o good_a store_n of_o gold_n and_o other_o jewel_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o person_n that_o be_v bury_v of_o which_o the_o spaniard_n soon_o gain_v intelligence_n and_o in_o ransack_v the_o grave_n and_o monument_n of_o the_o dead_a be_v suppose_v to_o have_v find_v a_o infinite_a mass_n of_o treasure_n but_o those_o mine_n be_v long_o since_o exhaust_v the_o place_n of_o chief_a impotance_n here_o be_v 1._o carthagena_n situate_v upon_o the_o north_n sea_n in_o a_o sandy_a peninsula_n or_o half_a island_n well_o build_v and_o for_o the_o bigness_n of_o it_o of_o good_a wealth_n and_o riches_n as_o the_o english_a well_o find_v under_o sir_n francis_n drake_n in_o the_o year_n 1585._o when_o they_o take_v the_o place_n and_o have_v pillage_v it_o carried_z away_o beside_o abundance_n of_o treasure_n no_o less_o than_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o brass_n piece_n of_o ordinance_n it_o be_v count_v one_o of_o the_o best_a havens_n belong_v to_o the_o firm_a land_n of_o america_n 2._o tolu_fw-la by_o the_o spaniard_n now_o call_v st._n jago_n twelve_o league_n distant_a from_o cartagena_n a_o place_n memorable_a for_o the_o excellent_a balsam_n which_o be_v bring_v from_o thence_o &_o common_o call_v the_o balsam_n of_o tolu_fw-la 3._o st._n crux_fw-la de_fw-fr mopox_o a_o neat_a town_n seated_z a_o little_a above_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o river_n st._n martha_n and_o magdalene_n which_o water_n this_o province_n 4._o baranca_n de_fw-fr nolambo_n a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n especial_o for_o all_o commodity_n of_o the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o granada_n it_o stand_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o magdelene_n river_n and_o about_o six_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n 5._o buena_fw-es vista_n otherwise_o call_v st._n sabastian_n de_fw-fr buena_fw-es vista_n a_o town_n commodious_o seat_v upon_o a_o rise_a ground_n not_o far_o from_o the_o gulf_n of_o vrraba_n or_o the_o sound_n of_o darien_n about_o a_o league_n and_o half_a from_o the_o sea_n and_o last_o villa_n de_fw-fr st._n maria_n thirty_o league_n southward_a of_o cartagena_n 5._o st._n martha_n so_o call_v from_o the_o chief_n city_n of_o the_o province_n be_v border_v on_o the_o west_n with_o new-andaluzia_n on_o the_o east_n with_o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hacha_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o ocean_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o new-granada_n it_o be_v about_o threescore_o and_o ten_o league_n in_o length_n and_o not_o much_o less_o in_o breadth_n a_o mountainous_a country_n likewise_o for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o the_o ground_n not_o much_o commend_v but_o only_o for_o some_o fruit_n of_o the_o ordinary_a growth_n of_o spain_n viz._n orange_n lemon_n etc._n etc._n which_o thrive_v here_o very_o well_o the_o air_n upon_o the_o coast_n very_o hot_a but_o more_o within_o land_n as_o extreme_o cold_a viz._n upon_o the_o mountain_n the_o country_n be_v well_o water_v with_o rivers_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v rio_n grande_n as_o they_o call_v it_o or_o the_o great_a river_n of_o magdalene_n which_o rise_v in_o the_o mountain_n of_o new-granada_n fall_v down_o into_o this_o province_n &_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n betwixt_o the_o city_n of_o st._n martha_n and_o cartegena_n though_o at_o a_o distance_n of_o ten_o or_o twenty_o league_n from_o either_o with_o a_o double_a stream_n and_o such_o a_o violent_a course_n that_o as_o acosta_n testify_v it_o be_v count_v not_o a_o little_a dangerous_a to_o attempt_v the_o entrance_n of_o it_o sometime_o viz._n when_o the_o tide_n and_o the_o stream_n be_v contrary_a the_o chief_a town_n be_v 1._o st._n martha_n seat_v upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n have_v a_o safe_a and_o very_a convenient_a haven_n belong_v to_o it_o and_o well_o defend_v from_o the_o wind_n by_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o high_a mountain_n lie_v almost_o right_o over_o against_o it_o it_o be_v no_o great_a town_n but_o rich_a for_o the_o bigness_n at_o least_o it_o be_v find_v so_o when_o sir_n francis_n drake_n surprise_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1595._o what_o it_o be_v the_o year_n follow_v when_o sir_n anthony_n shirley_n call_v there_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1630_o when_o the_o dutch_a take_v it_o i_o can_v say_v 2._o tenariffe_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o magdalene_n forty_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n martha_n 3._o villa_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr palmas_n twenty_o league_n southward_a of_o tenariff_n 4._o ciudad_fw-es de_fw-es los_fw-es reyes_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o vpar_n and_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o large_a river_n call_v guataporta_n which_o a_o little_a below_o this_o town_n fall_v into_o the_o magdalene_n it_o be_v a_o frontier_n place_n and_o but_o ill_o neighbour_v by_o reason_n of_o certain_a
unreduce_v savage_n inhabit_v the_o mountain_n tayrone_n and_o those_o other_o mountain_n of_o this_o province_n which_o the_o spaniard_n call_v las_fw-fr sierras_n nievadas_n because_o their_o top_n be_v perpetual_o cover_v with_o snow_n 5._o new-salamanca_n in_o the_o same_o valley_n of_o vpar_n famous_a for_o its_o brass_n mine_n 6._o ocanna_n and_o other_o 6._o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hacha_n be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o little_a province_n lie_v on_o the_o north-east_n of_o st._n martha_n wash_v on_o all_o other_o part_n with_o the_o water_n of_o the_o main_a ocean_n or_o with_o the_o gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o venezuela_n it_o take_v its_o name_n from_o a_o small_a town_n call_v de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hacha_n about_o a_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n have_v no_o convenient_a haven_n but_o otherwise_o seat_v in_o a_o soil_n very_o rich_a and_o fertile_a not_o only_o of_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n and_o and_o plant_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v bring_v from_o spain_n but_o likewise_o in_o many_o mine_n of_o gold_n gem_n of_o great_a size_n and_o value_n and_o many_o excellent_a salt_n wiche_n as_o they_o call_v they_o it_o be_v eight_o league_n distant_a from_o salamanca_n aforesaid_a and_o eighteen_o from_o cape_n vela_n the_o most_o westerly_a point_n or_o foreland_n of_o the_o bay_n of_o venuezuela_n and_o with_o the_o rest_n have_v the_o hard_a hap_n to_o be_v surprise_v and_o pillage_v by_o the_o english_a with_o sir_n francis_n drake_n in_o the_o year_n 1595._o 2._o rancheria_n six_o league_n eastward_o of_o la_fw-fr hacha_n inhabit_v chief_o by_o pearl-fisher_n or_o such_o as_o get_v their_o live_n for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o fish_v for_o pearl_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v good_a on_o these_o coast_n 3._o tapia_n and_o some_o other_o chap._n xii_o of_o new-granada_n 1._o the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o granada_n as_o it_o be_v common_o call_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n both_o discover_v and_o conquer_v by_o gonsalvo_n ximenes_n about_o the_o year_n 1536_o and_o with_o so_o good_a success_n that_o in_o less_o than_o a_o year_n space_n the_o whole_a country_n be_v quiet_o settle_v under_o the_o spaniard_n government_n and_o the_o captain_n with_o his_o small_a company_n have_v make_v shift_n to_o gather_v together_o such_o a_o mass_n of_o treasure_n as_o may_v seem_v almost_o incredible_a viz._n from_o the_o reguli_fw-la or_o petty_a prince_n of_o those_o country_n who_o he_o have_v either_o destroy_v or_o make_v tributary_n laet_n cast_v up_o the_o sum_n thus_o one_o hundred_o ninty_n one_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o ninty_n four_o peso_n of_o absolute_a fine_a gold_n thirty_o seven_o thousand_o of_o gold_n less_o fine_a and_o eighteen_o thousand_o of_o the_o course_v sort_n of_o all_o of_o emerald_n great_a and_o small_a eighteeen_n hundred_o beside_o abundance_n of_o other_o rich_a booty_n the_o country_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o castilia_n aurea_fw-la aforesaid_a on_o the_o west_n with_o mare_n del_fw-it zur_n on_o the_o east_n with_o venezuela_n the_o southern_a part_n of_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o well_o discover_v by_o reason_n of_o certain_a huge_a and_o unpassable_a mountain_n which_o block_n it_o up_o whole_o on_o that_o side_n save_v only_o where_o a_o passage_n be_v keep_v open_a into_o the_o province_n of_o peru_n special_o so_o call_v it_o contain_v in_o length_n about_o one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o league_n and_o not_o much_o less_o in_o breadth_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o very_a healthful_a country_n and_o abound_v in_o mine_n of_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o metal_n beside_o other_o of_o brass_n and_o iron_n it_o be_v subdivide_v into_o these_o two_o province_n viz._n granada_n special_o so_o caland_n 2._o popayana_n 2._o granada_n special_o so_o call_v be_v a_o country_n of_o a_o very_a temperate_a and_o good_a air_n neither_o subject_n to_o much_o heat_n nor_o to_o extremity_n of_o cold_a the_o reason_n of_o this_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v its_o nearness_n to_o the_o line_n from_o which_o it_o be_v distant_a northward_o but_o a_o very_a few_o degree_n the_o country_n exceed_v fruitful_a both_o of_o corn_n and_o cattle_n afford_v rich_a pasturage_n and_o many_o great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n many_o good_a mine_n as_o well_o of_o gold_n as_o other_o metal_n and_o in_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v call_v tunia_n as_o great_a plenty_n of_o the_o fair_a sort_n of_o emerald_n some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v woody_a and_o among_o other_o sort_n very_o good_a both_o for_o timber_n and_o fevel_n there_o be_v one_o which_o the_o native_n call_v guaiacum_n a_o medicinable_a wood_n and_o of_o sovereign_a use_n they_o say_v for_o those_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o lues_fw-la venerea_fw-la and_o such_o like_a malady_n the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n general_o tall_a of_o stature_n and_o of_o a_o strong_a constitution_n but_o much_o more_o give_v to_o sport_n and_o pastime_n than_o to_o any_o kind_n of_o labour_n or_o industry_n the_o town_n and_o place_n of_o chief_n importance_n be_v 1._o st._n foy_n common_o call_v st._n foy_n de_fw-fr bagota_n which_o be_v the_o old_a name_n of_o this_o province_n and_o to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o another_o st._n foy_n in_o the_o country_n of_o new-mexico_n as_o be_v say_v it_o be_v the_o metropolis_n and_o capital_a city_n of_o this_o province_n a_o arcbishops_n sea_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n build_v by_o gonsalvo_n ximenes_n a_o spaniard_n native_a of_o granada_n in_o old-spain_n upon_o the_o lake_n call_v guatavita_n and_o be_v inhabit_v at_o this_o present_a by_o above_o six_o hundred_o family_n of_o spaniard_n 2._o st._n michael_n twelve_o league_n northward_o of_o st._n foy_n and_o a_o well_o trade_v town_n 3._o tocayma_n situate_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o paunch_n which_o be_v a_o certain_a barbarous_a people_n of_o this_o country_n not_o yet_o perfect_o reduce_v and_o possess_v not_o the_o worst_a part_n of_o it_o it_o be_v fifteen_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n foy_n towards_o the_o north-east_n be_v situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o pati_fw-la a_o small_a river_n a_o little_a above_o its_o confluence_n into_o the_o magdalene_n 4_o trinidad_n seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o another_o river_n call_v zarbi_n in_o a_o convenient_a place_n and_o good_a soil_n and_o the_o country_n about_o it_o rich_o abound_v in_o vein_n of_o crystal_n emerald_n adamant_n chalcedony_n and_o other_o gem_n of_o good_a account_n 5._o tunia_n a_o strong_a town_n build_v very_o advantageous_o for_o defence_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n &_o be_v both_o a_o garrison_n and_o place_n of_o retreat_n against_o the_o savage_n which_o sometime_o infest_v this_o tract_n and_o also_o well_o trade_v empory_n 6._o pampelona_n 60_o league_n from_o st._n foy_n to_o the_o north-east_n a_o rich_a place_n both_o for_o mine_n of_o gold_n which_o it_o afford_v and_o also_o for_o great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n which_o the_o country_n breed_v and_o maintain_v 7._o la_fw-fr palma_n 8._o merida_n the_o further_a town_n of_o this_o province_n northeastward_a towards_o venezuela_n on_o the_o southeast_n there_o be_v only_o st._n juan_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la lanos_fw-la or_o st._n john_n of_o the_o plain_n fitfy_v league_n distant_a from_o st._n foy_n but_o seat_v in_o a_o rich_a angle_n of_o the_o country_n and_o where_o there_o be_v good_a vein_n of_o gold_n 3._o popayana_n the_o other_o part_n of_o this_o new-kingdome_n be_v border_v on_o the_o west_n with_o part_n of_o granada_n last_o speak_v of_o from_o which_o the_o river_n st._n martha_n divide_v it_o for_o the_o most_o part_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v nova-andalusia_n or_o cartagena_n on_o the_o west_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n and_o on_o the_o south_n quito_n or_o rather_o some_o unreduced_a country_n lie_v betwixt_o they_o both_o it_o extend_v in_o length_n above_o one_o hundred_o league_n from_o north_n to_o south_n but_o in_o breadth_n viz_o betwixt_o the_o river_n st._n martha_n and_o the_o south_n sea_n not_o much_o above_o forty_o or_o fifty_o the_o country_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o little_a too_o much_o subject_n to_o rain_n yet_o not_o so_o but_o that_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n answer_v the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o most_o part_n very_o well_o the_o place_n of_o chief_a note_n in_o it_o be_v 1._o popayan_n situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o fair_a river_n but_o not_o name_v and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o plain_a in_o a_o place_n of_o great_a wealth_n and_o enjoy_v a_o good_a air_n it_o be_v a_o bishop_n sea_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n 2._o antiochia_n otherwise_o call_v st._n fide_fw-la s_o de_fw-fr antiochia_n on_o the_o border_n of_o new-andaluzia_n and_o about_o one_o hundred_o league_n from_o popayan_n 3._o caramanta_n seat_v likewise_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o
the_o coast_n of_o the_o south_n sea_n two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o some_o say_v full_a three_o hundred_o league_n in_o length_n viz._n from_o the_o cape_n del_fw-it aguia_fw-la northward_o on_o the_o border_n of_o quito_n as_o far_o as_o arequipa_n towards_o the_o south_n the_o soil_n reasonable_o fertile_a in_o all_o thing_n as_o be_v much_o more_o equal_o divide_v into_o hill_n and_o plain_a country_n and_o much_o better_o people_v than_o some_o other_o province_n the_o place_n most_o observable_a and_o important_a in_o it_o be_v 1._o miraflores_n as_o the_o spaniard_n call_v it_o a_o well_o seat_v and_o wealthy_a town_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o zanu_n five_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o have_v likewise_o a_o good_a haven_n or_o port._n 2._o truxillo_n two_o or_o three_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n the_o haven_n whereof_o be_v say_v to_o be_v large_a but_o not_o so_o safe_a the_o town_n itself_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o pleasant_a river_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o chicama_n consist_v of_o five_o hundred_o family_n or_o more_o the_o air_n very_o healthful_a and_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o as_o fruitful_a and_o good_a as_o any_o of_o these_o part_n of_o america_n especial_o abound_v in_o corn_n sugarcane_n and_o cattle_n 3._o la_fw-fr parilla_n twenty_o league_n southward_o of_o truxillo_n in_o the_o valley_n call_v santa_n and_o well_o neighbour_v with_o rich_a mine_n of_o silver_n late_o discover_v 4._o arnedo_n seat_v among_o the_o vineyard_n of_o the_o valley_n of_o changay_a ten_o league_n from_o lima_n northward_o 5._o lima_n by_o the_o spaniard_n common_o call_v la_o ciudad_n de_fw-fr los_fw-es reyes_n or_o the_o city_n of_o king_n so_o name_v because_o pizarro_n who_o build_v it_o lay_v the_o first_o stone_n on_o twelve_o day_n 1553_o which_o they_o call_v the_o feast_n of_o the_o king_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o valley_n of_o lima_n one_o of_o the_o fruitfull_a part_n of_o all_o peru_n and_o so_o neat_o build_v that_o all_o the_o chief_a street_n of_o the_o city_n open_a upon_o a_o fair_a marketplace_n or_o piazza_n of_o such_o a_o large_a square_n that_o upon_o the_o side_n thereof_o be_v build_v in_o a_o stately_a and_o convenient_a manner_n the_o cathedral_n church_n and_o palace_n of_o the_o archbishop_n the_o vice-roys_n palace_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n with_o the_o exchequer_n or_o public_a treasury_n the_o town-house_n or_o place_n where_o the_o city_n magistrate_n meet_v and_o hold_v their_o court_n the_o public_a armoury_n or_o magazine_n and_o divers_a other_o fair_a building_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o better_a sort_n of_o citizen_n the_o whole_a city_n be_v environ_v round_o about_o with_o most_o delicate_a field_n and_o pleasant_a garden_n and_o scarce_o a_o citizen_n house_n within_o but_o by_o the_o opportunity_n of_o a_o river_n which_o run_v by_o it_o be_v well_o supply_v with_o water_n brief_o as_o it_o be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o peru_n that_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o principal_a city_n for_o authority_n and_o dignity_n so_o be_v it_o likewise_o the_o chief_a for_o delight_n and_o wealth_n 6._o cullao_n this_o be_v the_o haven_n or_o port_n town_n to_o lima_n and_o but_o two_o league_n distant_a from_o it_o a_o town_n of_o six_o or_o seven_o hundred_o family_n all_o or_o most_o of_o they_o seaman_n and_o not_o a_o house_n in_o it_o but_o be_v well_o provide_v of_o cellar-room_n and_o stowage_n for_o merchandise_n which_o be_v there_o receive_v from_o all_o part_n both_o come_n from_o and_o go_v to_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v with_o lima_n itself_o surprise_v by_o sir_n francis_n drake_n in_o the_o year_n 1579_o and_o their_o cellar_n search_v as_o well_o as_o can_v be_v do_v in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n whereupon_o since_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v fortify_v with_o two_o strong_a bulwark_n a_o wall_n of_o earth_n and_o about_o thirty_o piece_n of_o ordinance_n plant_v on_o the_o work_n 7_o pachacama_n four_o league_n southward_o of_o lima_n memorable_a chief_o for_o pizarros_n good_a fortune_n here_o who_o be_v report_v to_o have_v find_v in_o one_o only_a old_a temple_n of_o the_o native_n the_o quantity_n of_o nine_o hundred_o thousand_o ducat_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n beside_o what_o his_o soldier_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v seize_v on_o and_o convey_v away_o before_o he_o come_v 8._o guarco_n a_o colony_n of_o three_o hundred_o spaniard_n sixteen_o league_n to_o the_o southward_n of_o pachacama_n round_v with_o the_o best_a field_n for_o wheat_n in_o all_o peru._n 9_o valverde_n a_o great_a town_n inhabit_v by_o five_o hundred_o spaniard_n and_o though_o at_o sixteen_o league_n distance_n from_o the_o sea_n yet_o well_o trade_v and_o rich_a the_o valley_n wherein_o it_o lie_v and_o from_o which_o it_o take_v its_o name_n afford_v the_o best_a vine_n of_o america_n 10._o castro-verreina_a threescore_o league_n distant_a from_o lima_n to_o the_o south_n east_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o valley_n of_o chocolocha_n and_o be_v a_o rich_a place_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o good_a mine_n of_o silver_n which_o be_v about_o it_o and_o the_o abundance_n of_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o tobacco_n 11._o arequipa_n a_o pleasant_a and_o delightsome_a town_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o quilca_n one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o league_n distant_a from_o lima_n southward_o of_o a_o temperate_a and_o fresh_a air_n a_o flourish_a soil_n and_o the_o town_n very_o rich_a and_o frequent_v by_o reason_n that_o through_o it_o much_o of_o the_o silver_n of_o potozi_n and_o divers_a other_o mine_n thereabouts_o that_o be_v design_v for_o spain_n pass_v yearly_a to_o be_v ship_v for_o panama_n at_o a_o haven_n belong_v to_o this_o town_n though_o at_o a_o distance_n as_o some_o say_v of_o 10._o or_o 21._o league_n 12_o caxamalca_n more_o within_o land_n towards_o the_o north_n a_o place_n chief_o memorable_a for_o the_o imprisonment_n &_o murder_n of_o atabalipa_n the_o last_o king_n of_o peru_n who_o the_o spaniard_n overthrow_v and_o take_v prisoner_n near_o to_o this_o place_n and_o afterward_o use_v as_o have_v be_v say_v last_o 13._o leon_n de_fw-fr guanuco_n so_o call_v from_o the_o territory_n wherein_o it_o stand_v a_o rich_a and_o pleasant_a place_n be_v ancient_o a_o palace_n of_o the_o king_n of_o peru_n very_o magnificent_a and_o stately_a now_o likewise_o much_o beautify_v with_o house_n both_o of_o the_o spanish_a and_o peruvian_n nobility_n some_o convent_v of_o religious_a man_n and_o a_o college_n of_o jesuit_n 6._o cusco_n be_v the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o peru_n contain_v general_o all_o the_o sierra_n or_o hill_n country_n and_o those_o part_n of_o the_o andes_n likewise_o which_o lie_v southward_o of_o the_o little_a province_n or_o cantre_v of_o guanuco_n be_v coast_v westward_o and_o to_o the_o northwest_n with_o lima_n eastward_o with_o los_fw-la quixos_n and_o some_o part_n of_o guiana_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o charcas_n enjoy_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o temperate_a and_o good_a air_n neither_o overheat_v with_o the_o scorch_a sun_n in_o the_o day_n nor_o damp_a with_o any_o cold_a mist_n or_o dew_n in_o the_o evening_n as_o some_o part_n of_o the_o plain_n of_o peru_n be_v but_o well_o water_v with_o many_o fresh_a river_n which_o make_v the_o valley_n and_o low_a ground_n of_o it_o good_a pasturage_n and_o to_o maintain_v great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n the_o wood_n especial_o store_v with_o the_o coca_n who_o leaf_n be_v count_v so_o restorative_a as_o we_o say_v chap._n 7._o and_o with_o much_o excellent_a venison_n the_o principal_a town_n and_o place_n of_o trade_n in_o it_o be_v first_o bombon_n situate_v upon_o a_o lake_n call_v chinchacocha_n say_v to_o be_v ten_o league_n in_o compass_n begird_v round_o about_o almost_o with_o hill_n and_o neighbour_v with_o many_o other_o lesser_a but_o pleasant_a village_n 2._o parcos_fw-la once_o a_o palace_n royal_a of_o the_o inca_n seat_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o little_a hill_n encompass_v with_o other_o rocky_a and_o high_a mountain_n on_o all_o side_n 3._o guamanga_n call_v by_o the_o spaniard_n st._n juan_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr vittoria_n a_o fair_a and_o well_o build_v city_n and_o a_o episcopal_a sea_n threescore_o and_o ten_o league_n distant_a from_o lima_n eastward_o 4._o bilcas_n another_o palace_n of_o the_o inca_n now_o a_o good_a town_n of_o the_o native_n and_o situate_v as_o be_v suppose_v in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o country_n of_o peru._n 5._o guancavelica_n a_o new_a town_n raise_v from_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o very_a poor_a village_n to_o a_o place_n of_o very_o great_a importance_n and_o traffic_n only_o by_o the_o mine_n of_o quicksilver_n of_o which_o we_o speak_v chap._n 11._o and_o which_o be_v first_o discover_v there_o in_o the_o year_n 1566._o it_o be_v now_o inhabit_v by_o two_o thousand_o
and_o windiness_n in_o the_o stomach_n whereas_o the_o effect_n of_o chocolatte_n well_o temper_v and_o moderate_o take_v be_v say_v to_o be_v that_o it_o fortify_v and_o comfort_v the_o stomach_n which_o at_o the_o west-indies_n in_o many_o person_n be_v frequent_o subject_a to_o a_o cachexia_n or_o faint_v some_o hour_n after_o meal_n whether_o it_o be_v from_o any_o peculiar_a indisposition_n of_o the_o air_n or_o climate_n or_o from_o some_o natural_a weakness_n and_o insolidity_n in_o the_o food_n or_o diet_n of_o the_o country_n which_o though_o it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n luscious_a toothsome_a and_o please_a in_o the_o palate_n in_o what_o kind_n soever_o it_o be_v whether_o of_o flesh_n fish_n or_o fruit_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o hold_v to_o be_v of_o so_o strong_a and_o solid_a nutriment_n as_o the_o diet_n of_o europe_n general_o be_v it_o be_v say_v likewise_o to_o revive_v and_o exhilerate_v the_o spirit_n very_o much_o to_o help_v concoction_n to_o make_v lusty_a and_o corpulent_a and_o may_v be_v well_o take_v three_o time_n a_o day_n in_o the_o morning_n a_o little_a before_o dinner_n and_o some_o three_o or_o four_o hour_n after_o but_o very_o moderate_o and_o never_o exceed_v one_o reasonable_a draught_n at_o a_o time_n and_o a_o if_o man_n have_v occasion_n to_o watch_v or_o sit_v up_o late_o it_o will_v help_v he_o very_o much_o to_o take_v one_o cup_n of_o it_o more_o about_o eight_o or_o nine_o a_o clock_n at_o night_n 3._o now_o as_o for_o atolle_v of_o which_o i_o speak_v even_o now_o it_o be_v a_o drink_n of_o itself_o very_o delicious_a make_v of_o the_o juice_n of_o the_o young_a maiz_n or_o indian_a wheat_n much_o like_a unto_o almond_n milk_n but_o somewhat_o thick_a and_o so_o confectioned_a with_o sugar_n spice_n musk_n and_o other_o ingredient_n of_o the_o country_n that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o of_o admirable_a sweetness_n both_o for_o the_o taste_n and_o smell_v but_o much_o more_o nutritive_a and_o comfortable_a to_o the_o stomach_n and_o will_v doubtless_o be_v account_v a_o rare_a dtink_n in_o europe_n if_o it_o will_v endure_v the_o sea_n or_o can_v be_v transport_v thence_o but_o that_o it_o will_v not_o whereas_o chocolatte_n or_o cacao_n make_v up_o in_o box_n as_o we_o say_v be_v send_v abroad_o into_o spain_n flanders_n italy_n and_o many_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o commoner_n sort_n of_o indian_n have_v another_o kind_n of_o drink_n which_o they_o call_v chica_n a_o hellish_a slap_n and_o such_o as_o if_o it_o have_v but_o some_o good_a quantity_n of_o hen-bane_n add_v to_o the_o toad_n which_o they_o common_o put_v into_o it_o and_o steep_v he_o there_o till_o he_o be_v dead_a and_o quite_o consume_v will_v be_v a_o draught_n fit_a for_o the_o devil_n than_o a_o christian_n they_o take_v a_o great_a jarre_n or_o vessel_n of_o the_o sort_n of_o those_o which_o usual_o they_o have_v from_o spain_n and_o put_v in_o some_o certain_a quantity_n of_o water_n fill_v up_o the_o rest_n with_o melassos_n or_o the_o juice_n of_o sugar_n cane_n and_o sometime_o a_o little_a honey_n and_o beside_o these_o to_o give_v it_o a_o strength_n agreeable_a to_o their_o palate_n that_o drink_v it_o they_o put_v in_o good_a store_n of_o the_o root_n and_o leaf_n of_o tobacco_n and_o of_o several_a other_o root_n of_o the_o country_n of_o strong_a and_o violent_a operation_n add_v to_o all_o the_o big_a and_o black_a toad_n they_o can_v find_v and_o have_v so_o do_v they_o close_v up_o the_o jarre_n and_o let_v it_o stand_v for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o week_n or_o a_o month_n till_o all_o the_o ingredient_n be_v thorough_o steep_v and_o consume_v after_o which_o they_o drink_v it_o and_o though_o for_o the_o most_o part_n at_o the_o first_o open_v of_o the_o jarre_n it_o give_v a_o scent_n that_o a_o stranger_n have_v much_o ado_n to_o endure_v yet_o the_o indian_n love_v it_o and_o drink_v it_o excessive_o have_v many_o great_a meeting_n only_o to_o drink_v chica_n and_o most_o common_o they_o carouse_v so_o long_o at_o it_o that_o they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o not_o only_o drink_v which_o be_v usual_a with_o they_o but_o even_o rage_v mad_a with_o it_o insomuch_o that_o the_o spanish_a officer_n and_o magistrate_n among_o they_o labour_v what_o they_o can_v to_o prohibit_v such_o meeting_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a custom_n and_o the_o natural_a inclination_n of_o the_o american_n to_o drink_v and_o swill_v very_o much_o hitherto_o prevail_v against_o their_o endeavour_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o some_o author_n give_v a_o better_a character_n of_o a_o certain_a drink_n at_o the_o west-indies_n under_o the_o name_n of_o chica_n nor_o can_v i_o say_v which_o of_o they_o it_o be_v that_o have_v mistake_v the_o name_n this_o i_o be_o sure_a the_o author_n who_o i_o follow_v pretend_v to_o be_v a_o eye_n witness_n and_o to_o have_v see_v with_o his_o eye_n that_o which_o he_o report_v of_o the_o thing_n itself_o viz._n the_o quality_n of_o the_o drink_n and_o manner_n of_o drink_v it_o by_o the_o indian_n which_o in_o truth_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v but_o a_o relic_n of_o their_o old_a barbarity_n and_o savageness_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v speak_v no_o more_o of_o it_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o abundance_n of_o cattle_n at_o the_o west-indies_n and_o of_o several_a sort_n of_o beast_n and_o other_o creature_n both_o of_o land_n and_o water_n proper_a to_o the_o new_a world_n 1._o i_o must_v for_o brevity_n sake_n and_o to_o comply_v with_o the_o intention_n of_o my_o friend_n who_o call_v for_o these_o imperfect_a note_n with_o some_o importunity_n pass_v by_o many_o particular_a thing_n otherwise_o not_o unworthy_a to_o be_v know_v in_o the_o rank_n of_o tree_n plant_n and_o fruit_n and_o only_o refer_v the_o reader_n desirous_a of_o further_a satisfaction_n herein_o to_o the_o elaborate_a and_o choice_n history_n of_o american_n plant_n and_o rarity_n above_o mention_v write_v by_o franciscus_n hernandez_n a_o spanish_a doctor_n of_o physic_n augment_v and_o accurate_o comment_v upon_o by_o nardus_fw-la antonius_n recchus_fw-la and_o italian_a joannes_n terrentius_n and_o other_o proceed_v myself_o to_o give_v some_o brief_a account_n concern_v the_o cattle_n and_o such_o other_o beast_n of_o america_n as_o may_v seem_v most_o worthy_a of_o our_o knowledge_n we_o have_v say_v before_o that_o the_o cattle_n of_o europe_n which_o have_v be_v transport_v thither_o have_v thrive_v abundant_o and_o multiply_v into_o such_o incredible_a number_n as_o well_o kine_n or_o great_a cattle_n as_o those_o of_o the_o lesser_a sort_n viz._n sheep_n hog_n goat_n etc._n etc._n that_o swine_n and_o also_o great_a cattle_n in_o the_o island_n especial_o of_o hispaniola_n and_o in_o many_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n beside_o live_v wild_a in_o herd_n upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o may_v be_v kill_v by_o any_o body_n that_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o do_v it_o yea_o they_o say_v that_o the_o very_a dog_n which_o the_o spaniard_n carry_v over_o and_o which_o do_v they_o not_o a_o little_a service_n when_o time_n be_v against_o the_o naked_a indian_n have_v multiply_v so_o exceed_o that_o they_o go_v also_o in_o company_n like_o other_o wild_a beast_n up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a inconvenience_n to_o which_o the_o country_n of_o america_n be_v subject_a for_o the_o mischief_n that_o they_o do_v to_o their_o sheep_n and_o other_o small_a cattle_n be_v become_v almost_o as_o ravenous_a and_o bad_a as_o so_o many_o wolf_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v little_o less_o than_o metamorphize_v into_o wolf_n by_o their_o wild_a and_o mountainous_a breed_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o strange_a fierceness_n which_o they_o have_v contract_v by_o such_o breed_n and_o live_v so_o as_o the_o spaniard_n that_o bring_v they_o thither_o be_v force_v to_o keep_v guard_n and_o to_o maintain_v as_o it_o be_v a_o defensive_a war_n against_o their_o own_o creature_n nevertheless_o in_o the_o most_o inland_n country_n of_o america_n where_o the_o spaniard_n live_v and_o many_o hundred_o of_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n or_o any_o part_n of_o the_o island_n there_o be_v so_o great_a plenty_n of_o flesh-meat_n that_o for_o a_o ryall_n of_o plate_n which_o be_v but_o six_o penny_n english_a money_n a_o man_n may_v buy_v thirteen_o or_o fourteen_o pound_n weight_n of_o the_o best_a beef_n mutton_n or_o pork_n in_o the_o market_n of_o a_o obligado_n as_o they_o call_v he_o or_o some_o of_o his_o deputy_n who_o be_v man_n appoint_v and_o bind_v as_o we_o say_v before_o to_o serve_v such_o a_o city_n town_n or_o place_n with_o flesh_n meat_n at_o a_o certain_a rate_n all_o the_o year_n long_o so_o that_o omit_v to_o speak_v any_o thing_n more_o concern_v foreign_a or_o european_a
town_n fair_o and_o well_o build_v of_o lime_n and_o stone_n house_n of_o four_o story_n high_a and_o most_o of_o they_o provide_v with_o stove_n for_o the_o winter_n season_n as_o well_o as_o any_o in_o europe_n the_o street_n fair_a and_o broad_a and_o the_o people_n as_o curious_a and_o expert_a in_o divers_a art_n and_o manufacture_n as_o any_o of_o they_o more_o particular_o they_o tell_v we_o of_o a_o town_n call_v chia_n of_o the_o province_n of_o cuame_n so_o big_a that_o it_o be_v say_v to_o contain_v eight_o several_a market-place_n another_o call_v acoma_n a_o great_a town_n but_o seat_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o high_a rock_n without_o any_o ordinary_a way_n of_o access_n to_o it_o but_o by_o a_o pair_n of_o stair_n hew_v out_o of_o the_o hard_a stone_n or_o else_o by_o certain_a ladder_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n let_v down_o and_o take_v up_o as_o they_o please_v and_o likewise_o of_o a_o three_o which_o they_o call_v conibas_n contain_v as_o they_o say_v no_o less_o than_o seven_o league_n in_o length_n &_o about_o half_a as_o much_o in_o breadth_n seat_v upon_o a_o lake_n but_o scatter_o build_v and_o much_o of_o the_o space_n take_v up_o with_o mountain_n and_o many_o fair_a garden_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o which_o the_o town_n stand_v this_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o country_n to_o which_o they_o give_v the_o general_a name_n of_o new-mexico_n be_v of_o a_o vast_a extent_n reach_v from_o the_o mine_n of_o st._n barbara_n in_o new-biscay_n eastward_o and_o to_o the_o north-east_n above_o two_o hundred_o league_n already_o discover_v but_o doubtless_o take_v up_o no_o small_a part_n of_o those_o country_n which_o be_v sometime_o assign_v to_o florida_n if_o not_o of_o the_o confine_n of_o virginia_n also_o the_o first_o discoverer_n of_o this_o country_n be_v one_o augustino_n royaz_n a_o franciscan_a friar_n about_o the_o year_n 1580_o by_o who_o report_n and_o encouragement_n antonio_n de_fw-fr espeio_n a_o native_a of_o corduba_n but_o then_o dwell_v at_o mexico_n raise_v at_o his_o own_o charge_n a_o band_n of_o a_o 150_o horseman_n and_o with_o a_o competent_a number_n of_o slave_n beast_n of_o carriage_n and_o other_o necessary_n undertake_v the_o business_n and_o discover_v many_o nation_n as_o the_o conchi_n tobosi_fw-la passaguates_n tepoames_n quire_n and_o divers_a other_o still_o march_v on_o till_o he_o arrive_v at_o a_o great_a river_n which_o he_o name_v rio_n del_fw-it nordt_n here_o he_o make_v some_o stay_n and_o cause_v the_o country_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o river_n to_o be_v call_v nova-mexicana_a and_o a_o city_n to_o be_v build_v which_o he_o likewise_o name_v new-mexico_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o 37_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n and_o distant_a from_o old-mexico_n four_o hundred_o league_n the_o name_n whereof_o be_v since_o change_v into_o that_o of_o st._n foy_n but_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o place_n improve_v be_v at_o present_a the_o metropolis_n of_o that_o province_n a_o bishop_n sea_n the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o have_v a_o garrison_n of_o about_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o soldier_n in_o it_o which_o both_o command_v the_o country_n and_o secure_v their_o mine_n of_o which_o they_o have_v some_o in_o the_o town_n hereabout_o the_o chief_a of_o which_o town_n be_v 1._o s._n antonio_n de_fw-fr senecu_n the_o first_o town_n which_o they_o have_v upon_o the_o nordt_n river_n 2._o socorro_n so_o name_v by_o the_o spaniard_n from_o the_o relief_n which_o they_o find_v there_o both_o for_o themselves_o and_o horse_n be_v almost_o starve_v with_o a_o long_a march_n 3._o pilabo_fw-la 4._o siviletta_fw-it all_o of_o they_o old_a town_n but_o new_o name_v by_o the_o spaniard_n 5._o st._n john_n build_v some_o year_n after_o the_o first_o discovery_n of_o the_o country_n by_o john_n de_fw-fr ognate_n a_o spaniard_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1599_o or_o thereabouts_o overran_a the_o country_n a_o second_o time_n with_o a_o great_a army_n yet_o pursue_v the_o tract_n of_o d'_fw-fr espeio_n by_o which_o mean_n have_v gather_v together_o a_o infinite_a mass_n of_o treasure_n he_o find_v no_o better_a way_n to_o secure_v it_o than_o by_o build_v this_o town_n chap._n viii_o of_o new-spain_n and_o its_o province_n 1._o the_o kingdom_n of_o mexico_n or_o new-spain_n be_v former_o that_o be_v before_o the_o spaniard_n conquer_v and_o dismember_v it_o much_o large_a than_o now_o it_o be_v for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o comprehend_v the_o whole_a province_n of_o new-gallicia_a and_o reach_v from_o the_o further_a point_n of_o the_o peninsula_n of_o jucatan_n southward_o as_o far_o as_o new-biscay_n and_o the_o confine_n of_o califormia_n northward_o contain_v in_o length_n seven_o hundred_o league_n or_o more_o and_o about_o half_a as_o much_o in_o breadth_n but_o since_o the_o conquest_n by_o hernando_n cortes_n and_o his_o follower_n the_o whole_a country_n of_o new-gallicia_a be_v take_v from_o it_o and_o make_v a_o distinct_a government_n or_o audiencia_fw-la as_o the_o spaniard_n call_v it_o of_o itself_o the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o the_o chichimecae_n a_o savage_a and_o wild_a sort_n of_o people_n of_o the_o province_n of_o new-gallicia_a especial_o in_o the_o part_n of_o new-biscay_n live_v in_o forest_n and_o in_o deep_a cave_n under_o ground_n who_o posterity_n do_v still_o at_o this_o day_n much_o trouble_v and_o annoy_v the_o country_n thereabouts_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o spaniard_n and_o the_o garrison_n which_o they_o keep_v in_o those_o part_n on_o purpose_n to_o destroy_v they_o about_o five_o hundred_o year_n ago_o or_o more_o according_a to_o the_o account_n of_o the_o mexican_n annal_n divers_a hoard_v or_o swarm_n of_o these_o chichimecae_n weary_a it_o seem_v of_o their_o wood_n and_o subterraneous_a dwelling_n issue_v out_o into_o the_o more_o open_a air_n and_o fall_v down_o in_o huge_a multitude_n into_o these_o southerly_a part_n of_o america_n which_o be_v now_o call_v mexico_n and_o new-spain_n not_o all_o at_o once_o but_o at_o several_a time_n and_o under_o several_a name_n viz._n of_o the_o suchimilci_n chalcae_n tepanecae_fw-la tlascaltecae_fw-la and_o other_o who_o subdue_a or_o drive_v out_o the_o people_n they_o find_v in_o those_o part_n seat_v themselves_o in_o their_o room_n and_o though_o at_o first_o every_o nation_n or_o company_n of_o they_o as_o they_o come_v seize_v upon_o some_o province_n apart_o by_o themselves_o and_o hold_v it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o sovereignty_n to_o themselves_o without_o acknowledgement_n of_o any_o dependence_n or_o subjection_n to_o their_o neighbour_n or_o those_o that_o be_v there_o before_o they_o yet_o in_o tract_n of_o time_n and_o by_o fortune_n of_o the_o war_n which_o they_o make_v one_o upon_o another_o they_o all_o fall_v under_o the_o government_n of_o one_o king_n viz._n the_o king_n of_o mexico_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n this_o kingdom_n at_o the_o time_n that_o the_o spaniard_n first_o discover_v the_o country_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o prince_n name_v motezuma_n one_o who_o by_o his_o valour_n and_o good_a success_n in_o the_o war_n have_v in_o a_o few_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n before_o the_o spaniard_n come_v thither_o subdue_v the_o better_a part_n of_o a_o hundred_o city_n and_o great_a town_n to_o his_o dominion_n and_o hold_v in_o actual_a submission_n to_o his_o government_n and_o tributary_n to_o he_o no_o less_o than_o thirty_o several_a casique_n or_o petty_a prince_n every_o one_o of_o which_o pay_v he_o tribute_n and_o be_v able_a upon_o occasion_n to_o bring_v into_o the_o field_n a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v for_o his_o person_n a_o wise_a and_o good_a prince_n just_a affable_a and_o tender_a of_o his_o subject_n good_a but_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o heavy_a exaction_n which_o his_o own_o power_n and_o the_o practice_n of_o his_o ancestor_n before_o he_o give_v he_o the_o confidence_n to_o impose_v upon_o the_o conquer_a people_n a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o subject_n live_v but_o unwilling_o under_o his_o obedience_n and_o rather_o by_o constraint_n than_o otherwise_o be_v also_o further_o exasperate_v against_o he_o by_o one_o barbarous_a custom_n which_o the_o mexican_n frequent_o use_v viz._n the_o sacrifice_a of_o man_n their_o manner_n be_v whensoever_o they_o have_v any_o solemn_a occasion_n of_o do_v honour_n to_o their_o devil-god_n vitzilopuchtli_n as_o they_o call_v he_o to_o send_v out_o a_o army_n of_o man_n from_o mexico_n into_o some_o of_o the_o subdue_a province_n in_o case_n they_o have_v no_o enemy_n near_a hand_n and_o to_o fetch_v in_o as_o many_o man_n as_o they_o think_v good_a to_o be_v sacrifice_v who_o flesh_n likewise_o afterward_o they_o do_v eat_v in_o a_o solemn_a banquet_n this_o be_v a_o business_n of_o their_o
likewise_o the_o metropolis_n or_o head_n town_n of_o the_o native_n before_o the_o spaniard_n burn_v and_o destroy_v it_o 3._o st._n jago_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la valles_n this_o be_v a_o frontier_n place_n and_o enjoy_v certain_a speciar_a immunity_n and_o some_o fair_a possession_n also_o for_n defence_n of_o the_o country_n against_o the_o savage_n it_o be_v twenty_o five_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n steven_n del_fw-it puerto_n lie_v in_o a_o open_a or_o champain_n country_n and_o be_v fence_v about_o with_o a_o wall_n of_o earth_n 8._o mechoacan_a have_v on_o the_o north-east_n panuco_n on_o the_o east_n mexicana_n proper_o so_o call_v on_o the_o south_n part_n of_o tlascalla_n on_o the_o west_n the_o main_a ocean_n or_o mare_n deal_v zur_n and_o last_o of_o all_o more_o direct_o northward_o xalisco_n which_o be_v a_o province_n of_o new_a gallicia_n the_o name_n signify_v in_o the_o american_n language_n as_o much_o as_o a_o fish_n country_n &_o so_o it_o be_v have_v many_o fair_a lake_n and_o river_n in_o it_o abundant_o well_o store_v with_o good_a fish_n the_o country_n so_o exceed_o pleasant_a and_o healthful_a that_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o sick_a person_n of_o other_o province_n to_o come_v hither_o to_o recover_v their_o health_n only_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o good_a air_n the_o soil_n so_o abundant_o fertile_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o grain_n that_o of_o four_o measure_n of_o seed_n it_o have_v be_v often_o observe_v they_o have_v reap_v the_o next_o harvest_n more_o than_o so_o many_o hundred_o measure_n of_o the_o same_o grain_n very_o well_o wooded_a and_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o many_o river_n and_o fresh_a spring_n equal_o rich_a in_o good_a pasture_n and_o beside_o great_a plenty_n of_o medicinal_a herb_n and_o plant_n it_o afford_v good_a store_n of_o amber_n nigh_o the_o sea_n coast_n mulberry-tree_n &_o consequent_o silk_n much_o honey_n wax_n and_o divers_a other_o commodity_n both_o for_o necessity_n and_o pleasure_n the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v general_o tall_a of_o a_o strong_a active_a body_n and_o a_o good_a wit_n especial_o in_o comparison_n of_o other_o native_n not_o unskilful_a in_o divers_a curious_a manufacture_n and_o the_o most_o excellent_a feather-picturer_n aforemention_v be_v say_v to_o be_v find_v in_o this_o province_n they_o seem_v more_o general_o incline_v to_o the_o humour_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o spaniard_n than_o many_o other_o american_n and_o receive_v the_o preach_n of_o christian_a religion_n when_o time_n be_v with_o much_o willingness_n so_o that_o the_o country_n be_v now_o entire_o christian_n and_o divide_v into_o several_a parish_n there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o it_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o town_n or_o burrough_n beside_o many_o scatter_a village_n must_v of_o which_o have_v free_a school_n erect_v in_o they_o for_o the_o train_n up_o of_o youth_n in_o christian_a religion_n good_a literature_n and_o art_n and_o few_o of_o they_o without_o a_o hospital_n for_o the_o sick_a of_o which_o town_n the_o principal_a be_v such_o as_o follow_v viz._n zinzoutza_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n of_o mechoacan_a 2._o pascuar_n a_o city_n forty_o seven_o league_n distant_a from_o mexico_n once_o a_o bishop_n sea_n but_o now_o remove_v to_o valladolit_fw-la 3._o valladolit_fw-la the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n since_o the_o episcopal_a chair_n be_v remove_v from_o pascuar_n thither_o it_o lie_v upon_o a_o great_a lake_n equal_a almost_o for_o bigness_n to_o that_o of_o mexico_n and_o be_v about_o seven_o league_n distant_a from_o pascuar_n towards_o the_o east_n 4_o st._n michael_n a_o good_a town_n forty_o league_n westward_o of_o mexico_n and_o in_o the_o way_n to_o the_o zacatecas_n but_o lie_v in_o a_o road_n that_o be_v somewhat_o dangerous_a be_v not_o a_o little_a infest_a with_o savage_n on_o both_o side_n of_o it_o 5._o st._n philip_n 6._o la_fw-fr conception_n de_fw-fr salaya_n 17_o league_n distant_a from_o valladolid_n and_o a_o convenient_a stage_n for_o traveller_n be_v indeed_o with_o the_o two_o last_o mention_v build_v chief_o for_o the_o defence_n and_o secure_n of_o the_o country_n against_o the_o savage_n 7._o guaxanato_fw-it a_o town_n on_o the_o border_n of_o panuco_n where_o there_o be_v very_o rich_a mine_n of_o silver_n 8._o leon_n another_o town_n likewise_o of_o very_o rich_a mine_n twenty_o four_o league_n distant_a from_o valladolid_n and_o threescore_o from_o mexico_n 9_o zamorra_n 10._o villa_n de_fw-fr los_fw-es lagos_n and_o other_o towards_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v 1._o acatlan_n but_o two_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o coast_n and_o a_o small_a town_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o safe_a and_o very_a good_a harbour_n which_o it_o have_v for_o ship_v a_o place_n of_o no_o little_a trade_n 2._o natividad_n another_o well_o know_v and_o convenient_a haven_n upon_o mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n pertain_v to_o this_o province_n and_o from_o whence_o they_o usual_o set_v sail_v for_o the_o philippine_n island_n 3._o st._n jago_n de_fw-fr bvena_fw-es speranza_n so_o call_v by_o the_o spaniard_n perhaps_o from_o the_o abundance_n of_o good_a pearl_n they_o find_v upon_o this_o coast_n 4._o colyma_n 5._o zacatula_n and_o some_o other_o this_o province_n as_o we_o say_v be_v at_o first_o a_o distinct_a kingdom_n of_o itself_o yet_o subordinate_a and_o tributary_n to_o that_o of_o mexico_n the_o king_n whereof_o name_v tamgaivan_n bimbicha_n as_o laet_n report_v at_o the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o spaniard_n thither_o after_o the_o conquest_n of_o mexico_n voluntary_o submit_v himself_o to_o they_o and_o be_v baptize_v nevertheless_o afterward_o upon_o a_o pretence_n of_o i_o know_v not_o what_o treason_n intend_v by_o he_o against_o they_o and_o which_o the_o spanish_a writer_n themselves_o profess_o think_v to_o have_v be_v feign_a by_o command_n of_o nunnez_fw-fr de_fw-fr gusman_n precedent_n of_o the_o chancery_n of_o mexico_n he_o be_v most_o inhumane_o burn_v alive_a and_o the_o spaniard_n seize_v upon_o his_o kingdom_n 9_o mexicana_n special_o so_o call_v be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n on_o the_o west_n with_o mechoacan_a on_o the_o north_n with_o panuco_n and_o some_o part_n of_o new-gallicia_a and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o tlascalla_n so_o call_v from_o mexico_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n and_o of_o all_o america_n beside_o a_o large_a and_o rich_a country_n contain_v not_o much_o less_o than_o one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o league_n both_o in_o length_n and_o breadth_n and_o if_o it_o yield_v any_o thing_n to_o peru_n in_o the_o plenty_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n it_o be_v certain_a it_o much_o excel_v it_o in_o many_o other_o commodity_n as_o namely_o in_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n abundance_n of_o cattle_n plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o grain_n in_o all_o which_o the_o advantage_n which_o this_o country_n have_v not_o only_o of_o peru_n but_o of_o all_o the_o other_o province_n of_o america_n beside_o be_v well_o know_v not_o to_o speak_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o great_a plenty_n and_o variety_n of_o good_a fish_n which_o both_o the_o river_n and_o lake_n of_o this_o country_n afford_v which_o be_v very_o great_a insomuch_o that_o the_o very_a tribute_n of_o the_o one_o lake_n of_o mexico_n be_v say_v to_o yield_v a_o income_n of_o above_o twenty_o thousand_o crown_n yearly_a one_o with_o another_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v general_o industrious_a and_o active_a especial_o since_o the_o spaniard_n come_v among_o they_o rich_a merchant_n if_o they_o apply_v themselves_o to_o it_o and_o they_o say_v likewise_o good_a soldier_n when_o they_o be_v train_v and_o employ_v that_o way_n the_o chief_a town_n and_o place_n of_o the_o province_n be_v 1._o mexico_n both_o ancient_o and_o at_o present_a the_o metropolis_n and_o capital_a city_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o a_o archbishop_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o viceroy_n and_o chief_a governor_n of_o new-spain_n former_o it_o stand_v like_o another_o venice_n upon_o the_o water_n be_v build_v upon_o certain_a island_n within_o the_o lake_n and_o interlace_v in_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o it_o with_o divers_a pleasant_a current_n both_o of_o fresh_a and_o salt_a water_n but_o the_o old_a city_n be_v destroy_v by_o cortes_n as_o we_o say_v it_o be_v rebuilt_a by_o he_o more_o upon_o the_o firm_a land_n almost_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o great_a lake_n for_o there_o be_v two_o of_o they_o the_o one_o of_o salt-water_n the_o other_o of_o fresh_a which_o continual_o ebb_v and_o flow_v into_o one_o another_o &_o contain_v in_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o whole_a about_o thirty_o league_n or_o more_o upon_o which_o there_o be_v think_v to_o be_v not_o less_o than_o forty_o or_o fifty_o thousand_o canoas_n or_o little_a boat_n continual_o ply_v from_o one_o town_n to_o another_o
and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o fair_a plain_n or_o champaign_n country_n contain_v likewise_o as_o some_o say_v not_o less_o than_o sixty_o or_o seventy_o league_n in_o compass_n and_o environ_v with_o mountain_n of_o so_o great_a height_n that_o the_o top_n of_o they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v continual_o cover_v with_o snow_n at_o present_v it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o rich_a city_n of_o the_o world_n abound_v if_o report_n be_v true_a in_o all_o kind_n of_o voluptuous_a gallantry_n and_o bravery_n even_o to_o excess_n it_o be_v suppose_v to_o contain_v about_o six_o or_o seven_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o to_o consist_v of_o above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o house_n or_o family_n whereof_o not_o the_o ten_o part_n spaniard_n but_o those_o that_o be_v be_v all_o gentleman_n i_o mean_v as_o to_o their_o garb_n and_o manner_n of_o live_v for_o they_o live_v most_o splendid_o in_o all_o respect_n both_o for_o diet_n and_o apparel_n for_o the_o first_o we_o have_v speak_v so_o much_o already_o of_o the_o general_a plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o new-spain_n that_o pertain_v to_o this_o part_n of_o pleasure_n that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v and_o for_o the_o second_o this_o may_v be_v some_o instance_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v no_o extraordinary_a matter_n to_o see_v a_o hatband_n and_o role_n all_o of_o diamond_n in_o some_o ordinary_a gentleman_n hat_n and_o of_o pearl_n among_o the_o common_a citizen_n and_o tradesman_n the_o coach_n which_o most_o gentleman_n keep_v almost_o cover_v with_o gold_n and_o silver_n rich_o beset_v with_o precious_a stone_n and_z within_z ordinary_o line_v with_o cloth_n of_o gold_n or_o the_o best_a china_n silk_n that_o can_v be_v get_v of_o which_o coach_n in_o time_n of_o year_n at_o the_o alameda_n as_o they_o call_v it_o which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o hide_n park_n of_o mexico_n and_o a_o place_n make_v of_o purpose_n for_o recreation_n and_o delight_n a_o man_n shall_v observe_v not_o seldom_o above_o a_o thousand_o or_o two_o thousand_o coach_n full_a of_o lady_n and_o gallant_n come_v thither_o only_o to_o take_v the_o air_n and_o their_o pleasure_n both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o attend_v with_o a_o numerous_a train_n of_o servant_n and_o mulattos_n of_o both_o sex_n in_o la_fw-fr plateria_fw-la which_o be_v but_o one_o only_a street_n in_o mexico_n nigh_o to_o the_o vice-roys_n palace_n in_o less_o than_o half_a a_o hour_n space_n with_o the_o turn_n of_o a_o eye_n you_o may_v see_v million_o of_o wealth_n in_o gold_n silver_n and_o precious_a stone_n in_o the_o goldsmith_n and_o jeweller_n shop_n thereabouts_o in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v nothing_o hinder_v mexico_n from_o be_v the_o most_o absolute_a city_n in_o the_o world_n for_o delight_n and_o bravery_n but_o only_o two_o inconvince_v to_o which_o it_o be_v subject_a the_o one_o be_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o lake_n with_o the_o infall_n whereof_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v almost_o continual_o threaten_v and_o in_o the_o year_n 1629_o do_v actual_o suffer_v a_o very_a great_a calamity_n the_o water_n break_v through_o the_o bank_n and_o drown_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o city_n with_o the_o destruction_n of_o much_o people_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o all_o their_o good_n entire_o through_o the_o avarice_n as_o be_v suppose_v of_o the_o viceroy_n that_o then_o be_v and_o some_o other_o of_o the_o king_n officer_n who_o divert_v the_o money_n that_o shall_v have_v be_v employ_v for_o the_o fortify_v and_o repair_v of_o the_o bank_n to_o their_o proper_a use_n the_o other_o be_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o ground_n itself_o on_o which_o the_o city_n stand_v which_o be_v find_v to_o have_v a_o tincture_n of_o of_o salt-nitre_a in_o it_o somewhat_o strong_a and_o the_o wind_n partly_o from_o the_o lake_n itself_o and_o partly_o from_o the_o hill_n about_o it_o raise_v the_o dust_n of_o this_o earth_n constant_o every_o evening_n for_o many_o month_n of_o the_o year_n together_o so_o violent_o that_o the_o air_n be_v even_o darken_a therewith_o for_o some_o time_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v much_o annoy_v by_o it_o and_o make_v subject_a to_o divers_a hypochondriacal_a pain_n and_o infirmity_n and_o sometime_o kill_v with_o it_o especial_o such_o as_o either_o can_v for_o care_v not_o much_o to_o avoid_v it_o the_o city_n lie_v about_o 60_o league_n or_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o atlantic_a or_o north_n sea_n from_o whence_o by_o the_o port_n of_o st._n john_n d'vllua_n or_o vera_fw-la crux_fw-la which_o be_v the_o usual_a land_a place_n there_o be_v a_o fair_a and_o easy_a march_n to_o mexico_n by_o the_o city_n of_o xalapa_n perotta_n puebla_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la angelos_n and_o tlascalla_n all_o of_o they_o open_a and_o unfortified_a place_n as_o likewise_o mexico_n itself_o be_v and_o the_o country_n round_o about_o very_o rich_a and_o well_o accommodate_v with_o all_o thing_n the_o second_o town_n of_o this_o province_n be_v tescuco_n a_o ancient_a and_o fair_a city_n seat_v upon_o the_o same_o lake_n six_o or_o seven_o league_n distant_a from_o mexico_n to_o which_o it_o yield_v not_o much_o either_o for_o beau-or_a bravery_n 3._o quitlavaca_n a_o city_n build_v whole_o upon_o certain_a islet_n within_o the_o lake_n and_o therefore_o call_v sometime_o by_o the_o spaniard_n venezuela_n or_o little-venice_n have_v one_o only_a passage_n by_o land_n to_o it_o over_o a_o causey_n of_o flintstone_n half_a a_o league_n or_o more_o in_o length_n and_o about_o sixteen_o or_o twenty_o foot_n broad_a 4._o vztacpalapa_n a_o city_n of_o ten_o thousand_o household_n or_o thereabnut_n six_o league_n distant_a from_o tescuco_n and_o about_o twenty_o from_o mexico_n 5._o mexicaltzingo_n a_o burrow_n of_o four_o thousand_o household_n 6._o cuyacan_a of_o six_o thousand_o all_o these_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o lake_n further_o from_o the_o lake_n there_o be_v chololla_o a_o great_a city_n and_o a_o rich_a place_n not_o much_o inferiourto_a mexico_n ancient_o this_o city_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o sanctuary_n of_o the_o mexican_n king_n and_o the_o chief_a place_n of_o their_o barbarous_a and_o inhuman_a superstition_n where_o yearly_o not_o less_o than_o five_o or_o six_o thousand_o indian_a child_n of_o both_o sex_n be_v sacrifice_v to_o vitzilopuchtli_n that_o be_v to_o the_o devil_n it_o be_v likewise_o the_o chief_a bury_a place_n of_o all_o the_o mexican_n nobility_n who_o tomb_n and_o monument_n there_o afford_v the_o spaniard_n at_o their_o first_o rifle_v of_o they_o a_o infinite_a mass_n of_o treasure_n and_o yet_o not_o half_a so_o much_o as_o by_o report_n they_o both_o desire_v and_o expect_v 2._o mastitlan_n a_o town_n pleasant_o seat_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o a_o huge_a mountain_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o most_o delicate_a grove_n and_o shady_a wood_n round_o about_o it_o and_o reckon_v to_o contain_v no_o less_o than_o thirty_o thousand_o inhabitant_n in_o all_o dwell_v either_o in_o the_o city_n or_o upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n 3._o autepecque_fw-fr this_o be_v a_o town_n belong_v to_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr valle_n who_o be_v of_o the_o posterity_n of_o cortes_n and_o say_v to_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o most_o delicious_a place_n of_o all_o new-spain_n 4._o acapulco_n a_o town_n seat_v upon_o the_o south-sea_n or_o mare_n deal_v zur_n yet_o belong_v to_o this_o province_n it_o be_v a_o haven_n town_n and_o one_o of_o the_o most_o frequent_v upon_o the_o south_n sea_n situate_v upon_o a_o large_a and_o capacious_a bay_n of_o about_o a_o league_n broad_a at_o the_o entrance_n and_o afford_v many_o convenient_a station_n and_o dock_n for_o ship_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o bay_n westward_o lie_v the_o town_n with_o a_o strong_a castle_n very_o opportune_o build_v both_o for_o the_o command_n and_o security_n of_o the_o port_n well_o wall_v and_o fortify_v with_o bulwark_n and_o have_v a_o constant_a garrison_n of_o four_o hundred_o soldier_n in_o it_o or_o thereabouts_o the_o reason_n whereof_o i_o suppose_v may_v be_v chief_o this_o viz._n that_o from_o this_o port_n there_o be_v the_o great_a traffic_n and_o intercourse_n hold_v betwixt_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n together_o with_o the_o philippine_n island_n the_o country_n have_v many_o rich_a mine_n of_o silver_n in_o it_o and_o some_o of_o gold_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o first_o be_v by_o herera_n report_v to_o be_v these_o viz._n 1._o those_o of_o puchuca_n fourteen_o league_n distant_a from_o mexico_n 2._o of_o tasco_n twenty_o four_o league_n distant_a 3._o talpuiana_n 4._o cultepeque_fw-la 5._o zacualpa_n 6._o zupanguo_fw-la and_o divers_a other_o 10._o tlascalla_n be_v a_o province_n of_o new-spain_n which_o extend_v itself_o entire_o from_o one_o sea_n to_o another_o viz._n from_o the_o atlantic_a to_o mare_n
general_o be_v cover_v with_o thick_a wood_n and_o wild_a forest_n the_o hill-country_n for_o a_o great_a part_n naked_a and_o open_a the_o plain_n in_o many_o place_n sandy_a and_o dry_a and_o will_v be_v much_o more_o scorch_a with_o heat_n than_o they_o be_v but_o for_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o afford_v they_o many_o cool_a gale_n from_o the_o south_n and_o south-west_n wind_n who_o property_n although_o it_o be_v natural_o in_o other_o part_n to_o be_v tempestuous_a to_o bring_v rain_n and_o foul_a weather_n yet_o here_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o serenity_n and_o fair_a sunshine_n day_n all_o the_o year_n long_o although_o these_o wind_n blow_v almost_o without_o cease_v upon_o the_o country_n and_o no_o other_o at_o any_o time_n whereas_o the_o sierra_n or_o hill_n country_n have_v wind_n from_o every_o coast_n and_o such_o as_o bring_v all_o sort_n of_o weather_n with_o it_o rain_n hail_o frost_n snow_n great_a clap_n of_o thunder_n etc._n etc._n the_o country_n afford_v not_o so_o much_o cattle_n of_o the_o breed_n of_o europe_n as_o some_o other_o province_n of_o america_n but_o instead_o of_o these_o both_o the_o wood_n and_o pasture_n be_v replenish_v with_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o vicugne_v and_o pacos_n above_o mention_v which_o be_v of_o no_o less_o profit_n &_o service_n the_o pacos_n here_o be_v say_v to_o be_v as_o big_a as_o some_o young_a heifer_n of_o two_o year_n old_a bear_v a_o fleece_n like_o sheep_n and_o their_o flesh_n no_o less_o pleasant_a than_o the_o mutton_n of_o europe_n but_o the_o great_a wealth_n of_o this_o country_n lie_v out_o of_o sight_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n viz._n in_o those_o rich_a and_o as_o they_o may_v seem_v inexhaustible_a mine_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o as_o it_o be_v well_o know_v this_o country_n of_o peru_n afford_v more_o than_o any_o other_o province_n of_o america_n beside_o the_o people_n be_v say_v to_o be_v at_o least_o exterior_o of_o great_a simplicity_n than_o some_o other_o american_n both_o in_o point_n of_o behaviour_n and_o judgement_n yet_o of_o good_a courage_n in_o the_o war_n and_o fearless_a of_o death_n they_o be_v note_v also_o to_o be_v dissembler_n and_o not_o always_o to_o declare_v their_o mind_n true_o and_o plain_o and_o which_o be_v worse_o than_o all_o to_o have_v be_v give_v over_o to_o that_o foul_a sin_n of_o sodomy_n in_o so_o much_o that_o their_o woman_n be_v general_o find_v to_o be_v of_o small_a esteem_n with_o they_o to_o be_v use_v no_o better_a than_o slave_n and_o most_o cruel_o beat_v by_o they_o upon_o every_o light_a occasion_n for_o both_o which_o their_o unnatural_a filthiness_n and_o inhumaninity_n if_o it_o please_v the_o divine_a justice_n to_o deliver_v they_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o who_o use_v they_o likewise_o cruel_o who_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n be_v just_a and_o that_o they_o receive_v such_o recompense_n for_o their_o work_n as_o the_o apostle_n say_v rom._n 1.13_o be_v meet_v the_o country_n be_v general_o divide_v into_o three_o juridical_a resort_n as_o they_o call_v they_o or_o court_n of_o appeal_n which_o be_v quito_n lima_n and_o charcas_n but_o the_o particular_a province_n as_o they_o be_v common_o observe_v by_o geographer_n say_v to_o be_v six_o viz._n 1._o quito_n 2._o los_fw-la quixos_n 3._o lima._n 4._o cusco_n 5._o charcas_n and_o 6._o collao_n 3._o quito_n be_v the_o first_o province_n of_o peru_n towards_o the_o north_n or_o the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o granada_n with_o which_o on_o that_o side_n it_o be_v bound_v have_v on_o the_o west_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n on_o the_o south_n lima_n and_o on_o the_o east_n los_fw-es quixos_n it_o lie_v in_o a_o manner_n right_n under_o the_o line_n the_o soil_n reasonable_o fertile_a and_o well_o store_v with_o cattle_n especial_o with_o the_o pacos_n or_o peruvian_n sheep_n have_v plenty_n also_o of_o fish_n and_o fowl_n good_a store_n of_o cotton-woll_a in_o which_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v especial_o industrious_a make_v a_o cloth_n or_o stuff_v thereof_o equal_a almost_o to_o silk_n for_o fineness_n much_o tobacco_n guaiacum_n sarzaparilla_n and_o other_o medicinal_a plant_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v 1._o caranguez_n ancient_o a_o royal_a city_n where_o stand_v a_o sumptuous_a and_o stately_a palace_n of_o the_o king_n of_o peru_n now_o almost_o desert_v 2._o ottavallu_n another_o place_n of_o the_o same_o dignity_n and_o the_o same_o condition_n at_o present_a with_o carangue_n 3._o quito_n common_o call_v s._n francisco_n de_fw-fr quito_n it_o be_v a_o city_n build_v by_o the_o spaniard_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o certain_a ridg_z of_o mountain_n which_o it_o have_v on_o the_o north_n and_o north-west_n side_n of_o it_o and_o be_v say_v by_o laet_n to_o cross_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o peru_n quite_o over_o from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o north_n sea_n it_o be_v inhabit_v by_o five_o hundred_o family_n of_o spaniard_n at_o least_o beside_o native_n and_o well_o fortify_v and_o may_v be_v think_v a_o town_n very_o well_o seat_v in_o all_o respect_n but_o for_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o a_o vulcan_n which_o at_o time_n annoy_v it_o very_o much_o as_o namely_o in_o the_o year_n 1560_o when_o it_o vomit_v out_o such_o abundance_n of_o flame_a cinder_n and_o other_o sulphurous_a matter_n as_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o a_o shower_n of_o rain_n unexpected_o fall_v will_v have_v much_o damnify_v if_o not_o destroy_v the_o place_n 4._o tacunga_n fifteen_o league_n distant_a from_o cusco_n 5._o rhiobamba_n forty_o league_n distant_a from_o that_o 6._o thomebamba_n 7._o cuenza_n threescore_o and_o four_o league_n from_o quito_n on_o another_o road_n but_o environ_v on_o all_o side_n with_o mine_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n brass_n iron_n and_o likewise_o some_o vein_n of_o sulphur_n 8._o loxa_n sixteen_o league_n southward_o of_o cuenza_n and_o seat_v pleasant_o betwixt_o two_o river_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o rich_a valley_n or_o plain_n call_v guixibamba_n 9_o zamorra_n twent_o league_n eastward_o of_o loxa_n these_o be_v all_o town_n inhabit_v by_o spaniard_n and_o lie_v more_o within_o land_n towards_o the_o sea_n and_o upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n there_o be_v first_o puerto_n vieio_n so_o call_v because_o it_o be_v the_o first_o town_n the_o spaniard_n possess_v on_o this_o continent_n a_o place_n of_o no_o very_a good_a air_n and_o therefore_o not_o much_o frequent_v 2._o mantu_n another_o sea_n town_n and_o of_o good_a resort_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o trade_n which_o be_v here_o chief_o drive_v betwixt_o panama_n and_o peru._n 3_o guaiaquil_n or_o st._n jago_n de_fw-fr guaiaquil_n a_o famous_a and_o well_o frequent_v empory_n seat_v upon_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n not_o far_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o say_a river_n guaiaquil_n 4._o castro_n a_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n towards_o that_o part_n of_o this_o province_n which_o some_o call_v provincia_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr esmauldas_n or_o the_o land_n of_o emerald_n 5._o st._n michael_n the_o first_o colony_n which_o the_o spaniard_n build_v in_o this_o country_n call_v by_o the_o native_n piura_n 6._o payta_n a_o small_a town_n yet_o neighbour_v by_o a_o safe_a and_o well_o frequent_v haven_n guard_v against_o the_o wind_n by_o the_o point_n st._n helena_n on_o the_o north_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o punta_n piura_n yet_o burn_v by_o captain_n cavendish_n in_o the_o year_n 1587._o and_o the_o rich_a island_n puna_n near_o adjoin_v ransack_a and_o pillage_v 4._o los_fw-la quixos_n lie_v south_n and_o to_o the_o southeast_n of_o quito_n be_v border_v more_o direct_o eastward_o with_o a_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o guiana_n call_v by_o some_o el_n dorada_fw-la or_o the_o golden_a country_n on_o the_o south_n it_o have_v lima_n and_o cusco_n of_o the_o country_n itself_o there_o be_v not_o my_o thing_n observe_v that_o may_v seem_v peculiar_a the_o chief_a town_n be_v 1._o baeza_n build_v in_o the_o year_n 1559_o by_o ramirez_n de_fw-fr avila_n eighteen_o league_n from_o cusco_n 2._o archidona_n twenty_o league_n to_o the_o southeast_n of_o baeza_n 3._o avila_n 4._o sevilla_n del_fw-it oro._n all_o of_o they_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n then_o be_v there_o in_o the_o sierra_n or_o hilly_a part_n of_o the_o country_n more_o towards_o the_o andes_n 1._o valladolidt_n 2._o loyola_n 3._o st._n jago_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr montannas_n all_o colony_n likewise_o that_o you_o may_v know_v the_o country_n have_v something_o in_o it_o worth_a the_o look_v after_o 5._o lima_n call_v also_o los_fw-la reyes_n have_v on_o the_o east_n collao_n and_o some_o part_n of_o cusco_n on_o the_o north_n los_fw-la quixos_n on_o the_o west_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n and_o on_o the_o south_n charcas_n the_o country_n extend_v itself_o in_o length_n upon_o
spaniard_n at_o least_o and_o twice_o as_o many_o native_n 6._o cusco_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n and_o ancient_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o peru_n one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o league_n or_o more_o distant_a from_o lima_n to_o the_o southeast_n begird_v round_o about_o with_o mountain_n and_o the_o city_n itself_o seat_v upon_o a_o rugged_a and_o unequal_a soil_n yet_o ancient_o very_o magnificent_a and_o beautiful_a it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o incas_fw-la or_o puruvian_n monarch_n that_o every_o one_o of_o their_o nobility_n shall_v build_v themselves_o a_o palace_n in_o that_o city_n where_o the_o palace_n royal_a be_v the_o incas_fw-la palace_n here_o be_v just_o count_v one_o of_o the_o wonder_n of_o the_o world_n it_o be_v build_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o very_a high_a mountain_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o city_n wall_v round_o about_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o it_o with_o three_o several_a wall_n all_o of_o massy_a stone_n and_o those_o of_o such_o huge_a stupendous_a bigness_n yet_o most_o exact_o lay_v together_o and_o fit_v one_o with_o another_o that_o the_o spaniard_n consider_v the_o indian_n have_v neither_o instrument_n of_o iron_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o to_o polish_v and_o fashion_v they_o nor_o engine_n to_o draw_v they_o up_o to_o that_o height_n nor_o so_o much_o as_o cart_n to_o fetch_v they_o from_o the_o quarry_n and_o place_n where_o they_o be_v find_v which_o be_v eight_o or_o nine_o league_n distance_n and_o over_o no_o small_a river_n say_v plain_o it_o be_v the_o work_n of_o the_o devil_n and_o not_o of_o man_n to_o lay_v they_o there_o which_o seem_v a_o thing_n not_o so_o easy_o to_o be_v suppose_v i_o must_v for_o my_o part_n as_o plain_o confess_v it_o be_v a_o problem_n somewhat_o above_o my_o capacity_n at_o present_a to_o resolve_v viz._n how_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o not_o only_o here_o but_o in_o divers_a other_o part_n of_o the_o country_n where_o the_o incas_fw-la and_o their_o nobility_n have_v their_o palace_n such_o evident_a monument_n of_o absolute_a art_n and_o skill_n shall_v be_v find_v among_o a_o people_n so_o absolute_o ignorant_a and_o unacquainted_a with_o art_n as_o the_o american_n be_v report_v to_o be_v it_o be_v now_o quite_o demolish_v and_o convert_v to_o private_a dwelling_n only_o the_o wall_n be_v permit_v to_o stand_v as_o well_o to_o testify_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o ancient_a structure_n as_o because_o the_o stone_n thereof_o as_o my_o author_n laet_n report_v be_v so_o huge_o ponderous_a &_o big_a that_o the_o spainards_n know_v not_o well_o how_o to_o remove_v they_o and_o perhaps_o dare_v not_o venture_v upon_o it_o many_o other_o monument_n there_o be_v of_o the_o incas_fw-la magnificence_n &_o greatness_n as_o beside_o their_o temple_n which_o be_v very_o stately_a and_o rich_a those_o public_a cawsey_n or_o highway_n pave_v and_o lay_v with_o stone_n which_o the_o incas_fw-la with_o incredible_a cost_n and_o pain_n have_v cause_v to_o be_v make_v from_o cusco_n to_o the_o utmost_a confine_n of_o their_o kingdom_n as_o large_a as_o it_o be_v only_o for_o the_o ease_n and_o commodity_n of_o the_o people_n they_o all_o meeting_n at_o cusco_n from_o all_o quarter_n l_o ke_v so_o many_o line_n from_o several_a part_n of_o the_o circumference_n and_o concentr_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n upon_o a_o piazza_n or_o marketplace_n one_o of_o the_o fair_a in_o all_o peru._n the_o wealth_n which_o the_o spaniard_n find_v here_o be_v not_o to_o be_v estimate_v all_o the_o vessel_n and_o utensill_n of_o what_o sort_n soever_o belong_v to_o the_o incas_fw-la palace_n be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o perfect_a silver_n or_o gold_n all_o the_o room_n and_o chamber_n of_o the_o palace_n wainscote_v and_o ceil_v with_o gold_n beside_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o bird_n beast_n fowl_n serpent_n and_o other_o creature_n carve_v and_o wrought_v all_o of_o gold_n or_o silver_n nor_o be_v it_o otherwise_o in_o due_a proportion_n in_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o nobility_n all_o be_v find_v inestimable_o wealthy_a and_o rich_a and_o yet_o it_o be_v think_v what_o they_o find_v above_o ground_n be_v nothing_o in_o comparison_n of_o that_o which_o they_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o ransack_v of_o cellar_n vault_n and_o other_o subterraneous_a place_n where_o the_o poor_a conquer_a peruvian_o have_v endeavour_v to_o convey_v it_o out_o of_o sight_n which_o be_v such_o that_o to_o this_o day_n they_o say_v those_o treasure_n be_v not_o exhaust_v but_o that_o in_o dig_v upon_o occasion_n under_o ground_n they_o still_o chap_v upon_o some_o good_a quantity_n of_o conceal_a metal_n the_o city_n at_o present_a be_v think_v to_o contain_v some_o thirteen_o or_o fourteten_v thousand_o inhabitant_n whereof_o the_o three_o part_n only_a spaniard_n the_o rest_n native_n 7._o st._n francisco_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr vittoria_fw-la a_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n situate_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o andes_n twenty_o league_n distant_a from_o cusco_n 8._o st._n juan_n del_fw-it oro_fw-la another_o colony_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o caravaya_n neighbour_v with_o rich_a mine_n of_o the_o pure_a gold_n of_o peru._n beyond_o which_o place_n more_o towards_o the_o andes_n there_o be_v say_v to_o lie_v certain_a country_n as_o yet_o undiscovered_a much_o fame_v for_o gold_n mine_n but_o of_o such_o unpassable_a difficulty_n that_o hitherto_o the_o spaniard_n though_o divers_a time_n attempt_v it_o have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o effect_v any_o thing_n answerable_a to_o their_o desire_n 8._o collao_n lie_v southward_o of_o those_o country_n which_o go_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o province_n of_o cusco_n have_v on_o the_o west_n lima_n on_o the_o south_n charcas_n but_o eastward_o and_o to_o the_o north-east_n it_o be_v shut_v up_o by_o a_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n run_v in_o one_o body_n or_o continue_a tract_n from_o the_o confine_n of_o collao_n as_o far_o as_o the_o city_n of_o cusco_n where_o they_o divide_v the_o country_n general_o plain_a commodious_o water_v in_o all_o part_n with_o fresh_a river_n and_o consequent_o afford_v rich_a pasturage_n and_o good_a herd_n of_o cattle_n it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o most_o populous_a country_n of_o all_o peru_n what_o through_o the_o soundness_n and_o good_a temperature_n of_o the_o air_n what_o through_o the_o richness_n and_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o chief_a town_n and_o place_n of_o note_n in_o it_o be_v 1._o chuquinga_fw-mi a_o great_a town_n and_o hold_v to_o be_v natural_o almost_o impregnable_a as_o be_v environ_v round_o about_o either_o with_o deep_a unfordable_a water_n or_o with_o mountain_n unpassable_a and_o have_v one_o only_o causeway_n lead_v to_o it_o report_v to_o be_v for_o two_o or_o three_o league_n together_o no_o broad_a than_o to_o permit_v one_o single_a person_n to_o march_v convenien_o upon_o it_o 2._o ayavire_n by_o the_o spaniard_n call_v las_n sepulturas_fw-la be_v a_o place_n especial_o ennoble_v by_o the_o stately_a monument_n of_o the_o peruvian_n nobility_n which_o be_v find_v there_o 3._o hatuncolla_n the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a town_n of_o this_o province_n seat_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n caravaya_n who_o sand_n be_v very_o much_o fame_v for_o gold_n 4._o chinquita_fw-la a_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o titicaca_fw-la one_o of_o the_o great_a lake_n that_o belong_v to_o america_n say_v to_o be_v fourscore_o league_n in_o compass_n have_v many_o small_a island_n in_o it_o of_o a_o good_a and_o fruitful_a soil_n abound_v in_o fish_n and_o variety_n of_o seafowl_n it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v fourscore_o league_n distant_a likewise_o from_o the_o south_n sea_n have_v only_o one_o estuary_n or_o mouth_n which_o be_v something_o strait_o but_o of_o such_o a_o deep_a water_n and_o violent_a stream_n that_o as_o acosta_n testify_v of_o it_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o build_v a_o bridge_n of_o stone_n or_o timber_n over_o it_o but_o the_o native_n instead_o thereof_o have_v lay_v a_o bridge_n of_o straw_n upon_o it_o which_o serve_v as_o well_o viz._n so_o many_o great_a bundle_n of_o straw_n sedge_n or_o such_o like_a matter_n well_o and_o sure_o make_v up_o and_o fasten_v together_o as_o will_v reach_v from_o one_o side_n or_o bank_n of_o the_o estuary_n to_o another_o at_o which_o likewise_o have_v make_v they_o sure_o they_o cast_v some_o good_a quantity_n of_o more_o straw_n and_o sedge_n upon_o they_o and_o have_v a_o bridge_n very_o convenient_a upon_o which_o they_o do_v both_o secure_o pass_v themselves_o and_o also_o drive_v cattle_n and_o do_v other_o necessary_a business_n the_o town_n be_v a_o place_n of_o extraordinary_a wealth_n and_o trade_n and_o so_o considerable_a that_o the_o governor_n thereof_o be_v always_o name_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n himself_o
have_v all_o employment_n enough_o about_o the_o cotton-wooll_n sugarcane_n and_o tobacco_n which_o the_o country_n be_v say_v to_o afford_v in_o good_a plenty_n chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o country_n of_o guiana_n 1._o next_o to_o brasil_n towards_o the_o north_n lie_v the_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a country_n of_o guiana_n suppose_v not_o improbable_o to_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n wia_fw-la one_o of_o the_o principal_a river_n of_o the_o province_n which_o yet_o be_v say_v to_o have_v more_o and_o fair_a than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o america_n beside_o it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n or_o mare_n deal_v nordt_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o andes_n or_o rather_o some_o undiscovered_a mountainous_a country_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v the_o great_a river_n orenoque_n and_o on_o the_o south_n that_o of_o the_o amazon_n of_o orellana_n the_o country_n lie_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la extend_v from_o the_o four_o degree_n of_o southern_a latitude_n to_o the_o eight_o degree_n of_o northern_a yet_o enjoy_v a_o temperate_a and_o good_a air_n not_o oppress_v with_o any_o excessive_a heat_n which_o be_v chief_o attribute_v to_o the_o brise_n or_o easterly_a wind_n almost_o perpetual_o every_o day_n about_o noon_n blow_v upon_o it_o towards_o the_o sea_n side_n it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o flat_a and_o level_a country_n in_o the_o more_o inland_a part_n mountainous_a and_o swell_v with_o hill_n but_o in_o all_o general_o of_o such_o a_o rich_a and_o fertile_a soil_n that_o for_o fruit_n or_o any_o outward_a commodity_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o yield_v not_o to_o any_o other_o province_n of_o the_o new-world_n but_o rather_o far_o excel_v the_o most_o have_v as_o it_o be_v a_o continual_a summer_n without_o winter_n or_o autumn_n the_o tree_n never_o unclothe_v or_o make_v bare_a fruit_n always_o ripe_a or_o grow_v to_o maturity_n the_o meadow_n and_o pasture_n always_o verdant_a and_o green_a and_o as_o we_o say_v so_o excellent_o well_o water_v with_o rivers_n that_o no_o country_n in_o the_o world_n seem_v comparable_a to_o it_o in_o this_o respect_n and_o by_o the_o principal_a of_o they_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o inferior_a or_o lesser_a province_n which_o be_v 1._o rio_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr amazones_n 2._o wiapoco_fw-it or_o guiana_n proper_o so_o call_v 3._o orenoque_n and_o 4._o the_o island_n of_o guiana_n 2._o rio_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr amazones_n or_o the_o country_n of_o amazon_n contain_v all_o that_o part_n of_o guiana_n which_o lie_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n orellana_n of_o a_o rich_a and_o good_a soil_n general_o abound_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n and_o especial_o with_o those_o which_o the_o american_n call_v totock_n and_o love_v extreme_o out_o of_o a_o opinion_n they_o say_v that_o it_o excite_v they_o to_o venery_n whereunto_o they_o be_v of_o themselves_o but_o too_o much_o incline_v and_o of_o another_o which_o they_o call_v pita_n of_o a_o taste_n fâ—â—re_v more_o delicious_a and_o please_a and_o not_o so_o hurtful_a as_o the_o other_o the_o country_n be_v first_o discover_v by_o francisco_n orellana_n a_o spaniard_n from_o quito_n but_o it_o be_v only_o by_o the_o river_n orellana_n and_o though_o he_o be_v credible_o report_v to_o have_v sail_v no_o less_o than_o eighteen_o hundred_o league_n down_o the_o stream_n and_o to_o have_v discover_v a_o rich_a and_o fair_a country_n on_o both_o side_n the_o river_n well_o people_v with_o native_n and_o give_v in_o divers_a place_n no_o small_a argument_n of_o great_a wealth_n and_o riches_n more_o within_o land_n yet_o such_o be_v the_o bad_a success_n of_o his_o second_o endeavour_n and_o likewise_o of_o those_o that_o follow_v he_o that_o as_o yet_o there_o seem_v no_o further_a report_n to_o be_v give_v at_o lest_o not_o of_o any_o thing_n special_a concern_v this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n 3._o wiapoco_fw-it or_o guiana_n proper_o so_o call_v take_v up_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o this_o province_n be_v divide_v as_o the_o other_o almost_o into_o two_o equal_a part_n by_o the_o river_n wiapoco_n which_o run_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o the_o country_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n very_o rich_a and_o fertile_a and_o so_o natural_o apt_a both_o for_o sugarcane_n cotton-wooll_n and_o tobacco_n that_o they_o be_v say_v to_o grow_v here_o all_o of_o they_o very_o good_a without_o plant_v or_o any_o art_n of_o husbandry_n in_o this_o country_n be_v likewise_o the_o famous_a dâ—rada_n as_o the_o spaniard_n call_v it_o or_o city_n of_o gold_n if_o it_o can_v be_v find_v with_o the_o report_n and_o hope_n whereof_o some_o of_o our_o own_o nation_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v not_o a_o little_a possess_v as_o well_o as_o the_o spaniard_n nor_o can_v i_o much_o blame_v they_o for_o if_o the_o story_n of_o it_o have_v prove_v true_a it_o must_v have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o goodly_a and_o fair_a city_n of_o the_o world_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o wealth_n diego_n de_fw-fr ordas_n the_o spaniard_n who_o first_o bring_v news_n of_o it_o to_o his_o countryman_n be_v say_v to_o have_v travel_v one_o whole_a day_n and_o half_a another_o in_o it_o before_o he_o can_v arrive_v at_o the_o king_n palace_n which_o yet_o must_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v stand_v but_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n but_o for_o aught_o appear_v if_o the_o endeavour_n of_o future_a time_n effect_v nothing_o more_o in_o the_o discovery_n of_o it_o than_o former_a have_v do_v it_o must_v pass_v for_o the_o metropolis_n of_o utopia_n still_o as_o i_o think_v most_o man_n take_v it_o to_o be_v place_n of_o less_o magnificence_n but_o more_o certainty_n be_v first_o caripo_n this_o be_v once_o a_o colony_n of_o english_a settle_v there_o by_o captain_n robert_n harcourt_n in_o the_o year_n 1608_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o wiapoco_n and_o not_o far_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o be_v a_o place_n by_o advantage_n of_o a_o rock_n which_o it_o have_v on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o it_o of_o good_a strength_n and_o very_o difficult_a access_n the_o air_n about_o it_o sound_v and_o say_v to_o be_v very_o agreeable_a to_o english_a body_n 2._o gomaribo_n a_o colony_n former_o of_o the_o dutch_a on_o the_o northwest_n side_n of_o the_o bay_n of_o wiapoco_n but_o since_o desert_v by_o they_o 3._o moyemon_n 4._o crewinay_n both_o of_o they_o town_n of_o the_o native_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o other_o 4._o orenoque_n or_o the_o three_o division_n of_o this_o province_n comprehend_v the_o most_o northerly_a part_n of_o guiana_n lie_v upon_o or_o towards_o the_o bank_n of_o this_o famous_a river_n a_o country_n likewise_o report_v to_o be_v very_o rich_a and_o comparable_a to_o peru_n itself_o for_o hide_a treasure_n which_o they_o say_v be_v not_o yet_o discover_v only_o for_o want_v of_o diligent_a and_o industrious_a search_n the_o place_n in_o it_o already_o know_a be_v only_o 1._o coniolaba_n as_o they_o call_v it_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o town_n of_o the_o native_n lie_v a_o few_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o orenoque_n towards_o the_o south_n 2._o movequito_n a_o know_a port_n or_o haven_n town_n upon_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o orenoque_n much_o frequent_v and_o of_o great_a use_n to_o the_o english_a when_o they_o discover_v those_o coast_n 3._o wenicapora_fw-la and_o last_o st._n thome_n the_o only_a town_n which_o the_o spaniard_n hold_v upon_o this_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n situate_v upon_o the_o principal_a channel_n of_o the_o oâ—enoque_n and_o consist_v of_o two_o hundred_o family_n or_o thereabouts_o it_o be_v now_o a_o fortify_v place_n and_o be_v take_v by_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n in_o that_o unfortunate_a action_n of_o 1617._o for_o which_o the_o year_n follow_v though_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o old_a attainder_n as_o some_o say_v he_o lose_v his_o head_n 5._o the_o island_n that_o belong_v and_o be_v common_o reckon_v as_o part_n of_o guiana_n be_v either_o such_o as_o lie_v scatter_v about_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o province_n or_o such_o as_o be_v find_v at_o the_o mouth_n and_o sometime_o far_o within_o the_o channel_n of_o those_o great_a river_n which_o empty_a themselves_o at_o several_a part_n out_o of_o this_o country_n into_o the_o sea_n viz._n orenoque_n wiapoco_n rio_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr amazones_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v many_o of_o they_o but_o of_o any_o great_a name_n or_o esteem_v only_o two_o viz._n trinidado_n and_o tabagâ—_n trinidado_n lie_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n orenoque_n over_o against_o the_o country_n of_o paria_fw-la from_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v by_o a_o fryth_n or_o narrow_a sea_n which_o columbus_n at_o his_o first_o discovery_n of_o it_o and_o from_o the_o difficulty_n