that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o maximus_n the_o scot_n and_o the_o pict_n do_v waste_v britain_n and_o that_o then_o stilicho_n do_v send_v assistence_n to_o they_o why_o then_o shall_v the_o first_o waste_v of_o the_o country_n speak_v of_o by_o gildas_n and_o the_o legion_n send_v upon_o it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o honorius_n and_o not_o rather_o that_o in_o the_o beginning_n for_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o honorius_n his_o reign_n be_v very_o perplex_v and_o troublesome_a the_o alani_n suevi_n and_o vandali_n be_v in_o spain_n the_o frank_n burgundian_n and_o goth_n in_o gaul_n jovinus_n and_o sebastian_n there_o after_o constantine_n death_n usurp_v the_o empire_n and_o although_o the_o goth_n go_n into_o spain_n do_v great_a service_n against_o the_o other_o barbarian_n yet_o such_o be_v the_o strait_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n in_o gaul_n that_o constantius_n who_o then_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v force_v to_o recall_v they_o as_o both_o prosper_n and_o idatius_n say_v monaxius_n and_o plinta_n be_v consul_n which_o be_v the_o twenty_o four_o of_o honorius_n and_o to_o give_v they_o all_o that_o part_n in_o gaul_n from_o the_o garonne_n to_o the_o ocean_n the_o year_n before_o honorius_n his_o death_n he_o be_v force_v to_o send_v his_o force_n under_o castinus_n into_o spain_n against_o the_o vandal_n as_o prosper_n affirm_v and_o that_o prove_v the_o occasion_n of_o new_a trouble_n in_o africa_n by_o the_o difference_n between_o castinus_n and_o bonifucius_fw-la who_o for_o his_o own_o security_n convey_v over_o the_o vandal_n thither_o it_o be_v not_o therefore_o very_o probable_a that_o the_o first_o supply_n of_o the_o britain_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o honorius_n especial_o since_o the_o learned_a primate_n confess_v that_o honorius_n do_v not_o in_o his_o time_n recover_v the_o province_n of_o britain_n and_o he_o prove_v it_o against_o sabellicus_n from_o procopius_n 600._o bede_n the_o saxon_a annal_n and_o ethelwerd_n and_o the_o single_a testimony_n of_o sigebert_n that_o honorius_n at_o the_o same_o time_n send_v assistence_n to_o the_o britain_n that_o he_o do_v to_o the_o spaniard_n when_o prosper_n idatius_n and_o cassiodore_n who_o all_o mention_n the_o latter_a say_v not_o a_o word_n of_o the_o former_a can_v weigh_v down_o the_o reason_n on_o the_o other_o side_n but_o as_o to_o the_o second_o supply_n which_o be_v send_v upon_o the_o mighty_a importunity_n of_o the_o britain_n they_o be_v in_o probability_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o valentinian_n iii_o after_o that_o aêtius_n have_v somewhat_o recover_v the_o credit_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n in_o gaul_n for_o after_o his_o success_n there_o both_o against_o the_o goth_n and_o frank_n he_o have_v liberty_n enough_o to_o send_v over_o a_o legion_n to_o the_o assistence_n of_o the_o britain_n who_o be_v again_o miserable_o harass_v by_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n and_o at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v that_o gildas_n say_v the_o roman_n upon_o the_o sad_a representation_n the_o british_a ambassador_n make_v of_o their_o pitiful_a condition_n send_v they_o speedy_a supply_n who_o come_v upon_o their_o enemy_n on_o a_o sudden_a like_o a_o violent_a torrent_n drive_v they_o all_o before_o they_o and_o make_v they_o repass_v the_o sea_n which_o be_v a_o argument_n they_o do_v not_o then_o inhabit_v in_o britain_n but_o the_o roman_n then_o plain_o tell_v the_o britain_n they_o be_v not_o at_o leisure_n to_o bring_v over_o legion_n as_o often_o as_o their_o enemy_n invade_v they_o but_o they_o must_v train_v up_o their_o own_o people_n to_o arm_n to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n against_o a_o sort_n of_o man_n no_o way_n strong_a than_o themselves_o and_o to_o encourage_v they_o the_o more_o they_o build_v a_o wall_n of_o stone_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n and_o fort_n on_o the_o shore_n and_o exercise_v they_o in_o arm_n take_v their_o leave_n of_o they_o and_o tell_v they_o they_o must_v expect_v their_o return_n no_o more_o this_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o gildas_n his_o relation_n with_o who_o bede_n agree_v only_a enlarge_n the_o description_n of_o the_o wall_n which_o he_o say_v be_v eight_o foot_n in_o breadth_n and_o twelve_o in_o height_n and_o that_o it_o stand_v where_o the_o wall_n of_o severus_n stand_v be_v all_o make_v of_o stone_n and_o not_o of_o turf_n as_o that_o unserviceable_a wall_n be_v which_o the_o britain_n have_v before_o without_o skill_n and_o direction_n build_v for_o themselves_o it_o have_v be_v much_o dispute_v among_o our_o learned_a antiquary_n where_o this_o last_o wall_n stand_v whether_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o former_a of_o turf_n be_v raise_v by_o the_o britain_n between_o the_o two_o frith_n or_o where_o hadrian_n wall_n be_v first_o build_v between_o the_o tine_n and_o the_o esk_n bede_n put_v a_o great_a distance_n between_o these_o two_o wall_n and_o make_v the_o former_a to_o have_v be_v between_o the_o two_o frith_n begin_v at_o a_o place_n call_v peneltun_n two_o mile_n from_o abercorney_n and_o end_v to_o the_o west_n near_o alcluyd_v which_o say_v he_o signify_v a_o rock_n in_o the_o river_n cluyd_v but_o the_o latter_a wall_n be_v from_o sea_n to_o sea_n in_o a_o direct_a line_n between_o the_o city_n there_o build_v for_o security_n against_o incursion_n and_o it_o stand_v in_o the_o place_n of_o severus_n his_o wall_n 5._o joh._n fordon_n distinguish_v between_o the_o old_a wall_n call_v grimes-dike_a from_o grime_n a_o britain_n who_o daughter_n fergus_n marry_v and_o after_o his_o death_n rule_v over_o the_o scot_n during_o his_o grandchild_n minority_n and_o which_o wall_n he_o say_v this_o grime_n overthrow_v and_o so_o recover_v the_o ancient_a possession_n due_a to_o he_o as_o descend_v from_o fulgenius_n and_o the_o other_o wall_n build_v where_o severus_n his_o stand_v and_o he_o give_v very_o different_a description_n of_o they_o the_o former_a wall_n he_o say_v begin_v from_o the_o east_n upon_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o scotish_n shore_n near_o a_o village_n call_v karedin_n and_o then_o for_o twenty_o two_o mile_n cross_v the_o land_n 4._o leave_v glasgow_n on_o the_o south_n and_o end_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n clyd_v near_o kirk-patrick_a the_o other_o he_o say_v begin_v on_o the_o east_n in_o the_o southern_a bank_n of_o the_o tyne_n to_o gaitsheve_v or_o goats-head_n 7._o where_o severus_n say_v he_o a_o long_a time_n before_o have_v make_v a_o wall_n and_o a_o trench_n over_o against_o newcastle_n and_o so_o it_o be_v continue_v to_o the_o river_n esk_n call_v scotishwath_n for_o sixty_o mile_n and_o end_n near_o carlisle_n on_o the_o west_n but_o 41._o buchanan_n contend_v that_o severus_n his_o wall_n be_v where_o graham_n dike_n or_o grimes-dike_a be_v and_o at_o least_o eighty_o mile_n distant_a from_o hadrian_n be_v wall_n which_o he_o prove_v from_o the_o antiquity_n there_o find_v and_o the_o square_a stone_n take_v up_o which_o do_v sufficient_o prove_v a_o ancient_a stone_n wall_n to_o have_v be_v there_o but_o not_o that_o of_o severus_n and_o the_o roman_a inscription_n in_o 699._o camden_n mention_n antoninus_n and_o not_o severus_n joh._n 14._o major_a place_n severus_n his_o wall_n as_o fordon_n do_v between_o the_o tyne_n and_o the_o esk._n but_o archbishop_n etc._n usher_n have_v endeavour_v to_o clear_v this_o matter_n by_o yield_v to_o buchanan_n that_o the_o scotish_n wall_n be_v make_v of_o stone_n viz._n by_o the_o roman_n under_o gallio_n ravennas_fw-la and_o by_o prove_v that_o bede_n be_v mistake_v as_o to_o severus_n his_o wall_n be_v make_v of_o turf_n before_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n he_o think_v it_o turn_v into_o stone_n at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o the_o roman_n will_v bring_v the_o britain_n at_o least_o eighty_o mile_n back_o and_o put_v they_o to_o defend_v a_o wall_n so_o very_o much_o long_a than_o the_o other_o but_o i_o rather_o think_v severus_n his_o wall_n be_v now_o repair_v and_o a_o large_a scope_n allow_v for_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n as_o beside_o what_o have_v be_v say_v before_o may_v appear_v by_o this_o one_o argument_n from_o 10._o fordon_n he_o say_v that_o when_o the_o scot_n make_v a_o new_a incursion_n they_o open_v passage_n in_o the_o wall_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v call_v thirlewall_n i._n e._n say_v he_o murus_n perforatus_fw-la now_o the_o learned_a 1028._o primate_n grant_v that_o a_o place_v call_v thirlewall_n stand_v on_o the_o border_n of_o cumberland_n and_o northumberland_n and_o that_o fordon_n say_v thirlewall_n be_v build_v by_o severus_n on_o the_o tyne_n and_o therefore_o bede_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o right_a as_o to_o severus_n his_o wall_n but_o only_o mistake_v in_o think_v it_o be_v make_v of_o turf_n before_o which_o be_v
in_o that_o epistle_n make_v it_o his_o business_n to_o persuade_v arsacius_n to_o take_v all_o thing_n commendable_a from_o the_o christian_n and_o no_o doubt_n this_o be_v think_v so_o by_o his_o predecessor_n who_o first_o set_v up_o this_o sacerdotal_a government_n of_o province_n among_o they_o and_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o it_o begin_v much_o late_a than_o the_o first_o settlement_n of_o episcopacy_n in_o the_o british_a church_n for_o 4._o eusebius_n say_v that_o maximinus_n appoint_v not_o only_a priest_n in_o the_o city_n but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d chief-priest_n in_o the_o province_n where_o valesius_fw-la mistake_v his_o meaning_n for_o he_o think_v all_o the_o innovation_n of_o maximinus_n be_v the_o appoint_v they_o himself_o whereas_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o decuriones_fw-la in_o the_o city_n but_o he_o speak_v of_o it_o as_o a_o new_a thing_n of_o maximinus_n to_o appoint_v such_o a_o order_n and_o office_n among_o the_o priest_n which_o have_v not_o be_v know_v before_o and_o that_o which_o put_v this_o matter_n out_o of_o doubt_n be_v that_o 36._o lactantius_n in_o his_o excellent_a piece_n late_o publish_v out_o of_o ms._n by_o baluzius_n say_v express_o of_o maximinus_n novo_fw-la more_fw-it sacerdotes_fw-la maximos_fw-la per_fw-la singulas_fw-la civitates_fw-la singulos_fw-la ex_fw-la primoribus_fw-la fecit_fw-la i.e._n that_o by_o a_o new_a custom_n he_o appoint_v chief_a priest_n in_o the_o several_a city_n of_o the_o great_a person_n in_o they_o who_o be_v not_o only_o to_o do_v the_o office_n of_o priest_n themselves_o but_o to_o look_v after_o the_o inferior_a priest_n and_o by_o their_o mean_n to_o hinder_v the_o christian_n from_o their_o worship_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o punishment_n but_o as_o though_o this_o be_v not_o enough_o he_o appoint_v other_o priest_n over_o the_o province_n in_o a_o high_a degree_n above_o the_o rest_n although_o than_o valesius_fw-la assert_v that_o such_o be_v elder_a than_o maximinus_n yet_o lactantius_n who_o authority_n be_v far_o great_a have_v determine_v the_o contrary_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o long_o before_o maximinus_n his_o time_n 11._o tertullian_n mention_n the_o praesides_fw-la sacerdotales_fw-la but_o those_o do_v not_o relate_v to_o this_o matter_n but_o to_o the_o spectacula_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o the_o place_n 11._o some_o insist_v on_o the_o sacerdotes_fw-la provinciales_fw-la in_o 18._o tertullian_n but_o rigaltius_n show_v there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o comma_n between_o they_o it_o be_v very_o unlikely_a the_o provincial_a priest_n shall_v have_v golden_a crown_n when_o those_o at_o rome_n have_v not_o and_o in_o a_o 97._o canon_n of_o the_o african_a code_n we_o find_v the_o sacerdotes_fw-la provinciae_fw-la but_o that_o council_n be_v long_o after_o anno_fw-la dom._n 407._o and_o these_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o advocate_n who_o be_v to_o appear_v for_o the_o cause_n which_o concern_v the_o temple_n and_o sacrifice_n throughout_o the_o province_n according_a to_o which_o method_n the_o african_a bishop_n there_o desire_v that_o the_o church_n may_v have_v advocate_n too_o with_o the_o same_o privilege_n which_o request_n be_v grant_v by_o 38._o honorius_n and_o be_v the_o first_o introduction_n of_o lawyer_n into_o the_o service_n of_o the_o church_n who_o be_v call_v defensores_fw-la ecclesiarum_fw-la and_o be_v afterward_o judge_n in_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n but_o that_o which_o come_v near_o to_o this_o matter_n be_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o asiarchae_n who_o in_o some_o coin_n mention_v by_o 692._o spanhemius_fw-la be_v say_v to_o be_v priest_n over_o thirteen_o city_n and_o this_o in_o the_o law_n be_v call_v honor._n sacerdotium_fw-la asiae_n but_o these_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v no_o other_o than_o those_o who_o take_v care_n of_o the_o public_a solemnity_n in_o the_o common_a assembly_n in_o asia_n when_o the_o people_n meet_v out_o of_o these_o city_n to_o perform_v they_o either_o at_o ephesus_n or_o smyrna_n or_o any_o other_o of_o the_o city_n within_o this_o combination_n as_o be_v observe_v by_o many_o 164._o learned_a men._n and_o although_o there_o be_v but_o one_o chief_a at_o a_o time_n yet_o the_o office_n seem_v to_o have_v pass_v by_o turn_n through_o the_o several_a city_n and_o he_o in_o who_o city_n the_o solemnity_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v be_v the_o precedent_n for_o that_o time_n and_o have_v the_o title_n of_o asiarcha_n but_o 246._o alb._n rubenius_n show_v from_o aristides_n and_o dio_n that_o the_o asiarchae_n have_v a_o superintendency_n over_o the_o temple_n and_o the_o priest_n within_o the_o community_n of_o the_o asian_a city_n but_o these_o be_v only_o he_o say_v for_o the_o temple_n erect_v to_o the_o caesar_n out_o of_o the_o common_a stock_n the_o temple_n of_o diana_n at_o ephesus_n belong_v to_o the_o ionian_a community_n and_o not_o to_o that_o of_o asia_n herodes_n atticus_n be_v call_v in_o the_o inscription_n at_o 220._o athens_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d caesar_n be_v highpriest_n but_o that_o seem_v to_o be_v only_o a_o title_n without_o power_n but_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o 114._o inscription_n at_o thyatira_n that_o the_o asiarcha_n be_v call_v the_o highpriest_n of_o asia_n and_o have_v power_n to_o place_n priest_n in_o the_o city_n under_o his_o care_n but_o still_o this_o fall_v short_a of_o such_o chief-priest_n in_o the_o province_n as_o maximinus_n appoint_v and_o thus_o i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o clear_v the_o antiquity_n and_o original_a institution_n of_o episcopacy_n here_o by_o show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o take_v up_o according_a to_o the_o monkish_a tradition_n from_o the_o heathen_a flamen_n and_o archiflamin_n but_o come_v down_o by_o succession_n from_o the_o first_o plant_n of_o apostolical_a church_n for_o although_o we_o can_v deduce_v a_o lineal_a succession_n of_o bishop_n as_o they_o can_v in_o other_o church_n where_o write_n be_v preserve_v yet_o assoon_o as_o through_o the_o church_n peace_n they_o come_v to_o have_v intercourse_n with_o foreign_a church_n as_o in_o the_o council_n of_o arles_n they_o appear_v with_o a_o proportionable_a number_n of_o bishop_n with_o those_o of_o other_o province_n and_o their_o succession_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o dispute_v among_o they_o they_o subscribe_v to_o the_o sentence_n and_o canon_n as_o other_o do_v and_o what_o canon_n do_v then_o pass_v do_v no_o doubt_n as_o much_o concern_v the_o british_a church_n to_o observe_v as_o any_o other_o church_n who_o bishop_n be_v there_o present_a which_o canon_n be_v pass_v by_o their_o own_o authority_n for_o they_o never_o send_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n to_o confirm_v but_o to_o publish_v they_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o synodical_a epistle_n which_o they_o send_v to_o he_o their_o word_n be_v quae_fw-la decrevimus_fw-la communi_fw-la concilio_n charitati_fw-la tuus_fw-la significamus_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la sciant_fw-la quid_fw-la in_o futurum_fw-la obserâ—are_fw-la debeant_fw-la 68_o baronius_n have_v good_a luck_n to_o find_v out_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o pope_n confirmation_n here_o whereas_o they_o plain_o tell_v he_o they_o have_v already_o decree_v they_o by_o common_a consent_n and_o send_v they_o to_o he_o to_o divulge_v they_o i._n e._n as_o 2._o petrus_n de_fw-fr marca_n say_v as_o the_o emperor_n send_v their_o edict_n to_o their_o praefecti_fw-la praetorio_fw-la be_v that_o to_o confirm_v they_o it_o be_v true_a they_o say_v the_o pope_n have_v a_o large_a diocese_n but_o if_o these_o word_n have_v imply_v so_o much_o as_o a_o patriarchal_a power_n over_o the_o bishop_n there_o assemble_v how_o can_v they_o assume_v to_o themselves_o this_o power_n to_o make_v canon_n and_o only_o to_o signify_v to_o he_o what_o they_o have_v do_v and_o to_o desire_v he_o to_o communicate_v these_o canon_n to_o other_o will_v such_o a_o message_n from_o a_o council_n have_v be_v bear_v since_o the_o papal_a supremacy_n have_v be_v own_v nay_o how_o fancy_o will_v it_o have_v look_v in_o any_o council_n within_o the_o patriarchate_v of_o the_o east_n to_o have_v do_v so_o but_o these_o bishop_n of_o arles_n know_v no_o other_o style_n then_o but_o charitati_fw-la tuus_fw-la and_o they_o signify_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n what_o they_o have_v already_o decree_v but_o not_o what_o they_o have_v prepare_v for_o he_o to_o confirm_v and_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o own_v his_o authority_n in_o call_v they_o together_o that_o they_o tell_v he_o they_o be_v assemble_v at_o the_o emperor_n command_n exultasset_fw-la and_o be_v so_o far_o from_o expect_v direction_n from_o he_o that_o they_o tell_v he_o they_o have_v a_o divine_a authority_n present_a with_o they_o and_o a_o certain_a tradition_n and_o rule_n of_o faith_n they_o wish_v indeed_o he_o have_v be_v present_a with_o they_o and_o to_o have_v judge_v together_o with_o they_o be_v this_o to_o make_v he_o sole_a judge_n or_o can_v they_o believe_v he_o
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fergus_n ii_o and_o from_o thence_o to_o malcolm_n canmore_n if_o he_o do_v clear_a these_o part_n of_o their_o antiquity_n he_o will_v do_v a_o great_a thing_n and_o for_o my_o part_n i_o shall_v be_v as_o willing_a to_o believe_v fergus_n to_o have_v come_v into_o britain_n in_o the_o time_n of_o alexander_n as_o any_o time_n after_o provide_v there_o be_v sufficient_a evidence_n to_o prove_v it_o which_o must_v be_v somewhat_o more_o convince_a than_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n have_v be_v please_v to_o make_v use_n of_o but_o i_o remember_v scaliger_n censure_n of_o claudian_n addit_fw-la de_fw-la ingenio_fw-la quantum_fw-la deest_fw-la materiae_fw-la therefore_o from_o the_o testimony_n of_o historian_n antiquary_n and_o critic_n i_o proceed_v to_o examine_v the_o argumentative_a part_n of_o his_o book_n and_o set_v aside_o all_o common_a place_n about_o historical_a certainty_n tradition_n common_a fame_n etc._n etc._n i_o shall_v keep_v close_o to_o the_o point_n before_o we_o and_o examine_v the_o force_n and_o strength_n of_o his_o reason_v which_o consist_v in_o these_o thing_n 6._o 1._o that_o upon_o the_o same_o reason_n we_o question_v their_o antiquity_n we_o may_v call_v in_o question_n the_o roman_a jewish_a greek_a french_a spanish_a antiquity_n all_o which_o depend_v upon_o tradition_n without_o record_n for_o a_o long_a time_n this_o be_v indeed_o a_o material_a objection_n for_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o give_v a_o partial_a assent_n to_o some_o antiquity_n and_o deny_v it_o to_o other_o if_o there_o be_v the_o same_o ground_n either_o to_o give_v or_o deny_v assent_n to_o all_o but_o this_o must_v be_v examine_v 1._o as_o to_o the_o roman_a antiquity_n he_o cite_v a_o passage_n in_o livy_n init_fw-la in_o which_o he_o say_v that_o the_o use_n of_o letter_n be_v not_o then_o ordinary_a the_o only_a certain_a preserver_n of_o the_o memory_n of_o thing_n past_a so_o livy'_v word_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v rarae_fw-la per_fw-la ea_fw-la tempora_fw-la literae_fw-la una_fw-la custodia_fw-la fidelis_fw-la memoriae_fw-la rerum_fw-la gestarum_fw-la and_o not_o as_o the_o advocate_n with_o too_o much_o art_n have_v translate_v they_o that_o the_o best_a record_n be_v the_o faithful_a remembrance_n of_o thing_n past_a for_o if_o this_o be_v livy_n meaning_n why_o do_v he_o complain_v of_o the_o want_n of_o the_o common_a use_n of_o letter_n when_o he_o say_v tradition_n be_v the_o best_a way_n to_o preserve_v the_o memory_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o make_v livy_n speak_v inconsequent_o but_o he_o go_v on_o say_v that_o what_o memorial_n be_v leave_v by_o the_o high_a priest_n or_o be_v in_o public_a or_o private_a hand_n be_v most_o part_v destroy_v in_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o town_n he_o do_v not_o say_v all_o be_v lose_v but_o the_o most_o part_n this_o livy_n allege_v to_o excuse_v the_o shortness_n and_o obscurity_n of_o his_o first_o book_n for_o want_n of_o sufficient_a record_n and_o he_o speak_v like_o a_o very_a judicious_a historian_n in_o it_o and_o when_o he_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o remote_a antiquity_n of_o rome_n he_o be_v far_o from_o confident_a assert_v they_o but_o he_o speak_v with_o great_a modesty_n and_o discretion_n about_o they_o say_v that_o he_o will_v neither_o affirm_v nor_o deny_v they_o be_v rather_o build_v on_o poetical_a fable_n than_o any_o certain_a monument_n of_o affair_n at_o that_o time_n that_o a_o allowance_n must_v be_v make_v to_o antiquity_n which_o be_v wont_v consecrare_fw-la origines_fw-la svas_fw-la to_o make_v their_o beginning_n as_o sacred_a and_o venerable_a as_o they_o can_v but_o as_o to_o such_o thing_n he_o will_v be_v no_o advocate_n either_o for_o or_o against_o they_o then_o he_o proceed_v to_o deliver_v the_o common_a tradition_n about_o aeneas_n his_o come_n into_o italy_n and_o ascanius_n succeed_v he_o but_o he_o can_v tell_v whether_o ascanius_n the_o son_n of_o creusa_n or_o another_o the_o son_n of_o lavinia_n quis_fw-la enim_fw-la rem_fw-la tam_fw-la veterem_fw-la pro_fw-la certo_fw-la affirmet_fw-la who_o can_v be_v certain_a in_o such_o remote_a antiquity_n and_o yet_o at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v think_v a_o great_a disparagement_n to_o the_o royal_a line_n to_o have_v it_o question_v whether_o it_o be_v the_o elder_a ascanius_n because_o the_o julian_n family_n as_o livy_n there_o say_v derive_v themselves_o from_o he_o who_o be_v call_v julus_n it_o be_v true_a livy_n after_o this_o relate_v the_o roman_a antiquity_n down_o to_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o city_n when_o so_o many_o record_n be_v lose_v but_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v certain_a annal_n before_o that_o time_n and_o that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v preserve_v that_o they_o have_v annal_n both_o public_a and_o private_a appear_v by_o livy_n own_o word_n who_o mention_n both_o the_o commentarii_fw-la pontificum_fw-la and_o the_o publica_fw-la &_o privata_fw-la monumenta_fw-la 12._o and_o cicero_n affirm_v that_o the_o roman_n from_o the_o beginning_n have_v annal_n make_v up_o by_o the_o pontifex_n maximus_n of_o the_o transaction_n of_o every_o year_n and_o these_o be_v public_o expose_v in_o a_o table_n in_o his_o house_n that_o the_o people_n may_v be_v satisfy_v about_o they_o and_o these_o he_o say_v be_v call_v annales_n maximi_fw-la which_o he_o add_v be_v continue_v down_o to_o the_o time_n of_o mucius_n scaevola_n who_o be_v pontifex_n maximus_n about_o a._n u._n c._n 623._o these_o as_o servius_n say_v 377._o be_v after_o make_v up_o into_o 80_o great_a book_n and_o be_v the_o stand_a monument_n of_o their_o antiquity_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr origine_fw-la gentis_fw-la romanae_fw-la as_o vossius_fw-la and_o other_o take_v notice_n 1._o insert_v several_a thing_n as_o take_v out_o of_o the_o pontifical_a annal_n which_o happen_v before_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n from_o whence_o they_o do_v just_o infer_v that_o matter_n
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think_v all_o their_o record_n then_o destroy_v 20._o and_o afterward_o he_o say_v in_o the_o same_o book_n dispute_v about_o another_o consul_n that_o augustus_n rebuild_v the_o temple_n of_o jupiter_n feretrius_n find_v there_o in_o thorace_fw-la linteo_fw-la the_o name_n of_o that_o consul_n so_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v not_o only_o the_o pontifical_a annal_n but_o civil_a too_o be_v make_v up_o by_o the_o magistrate_n and_o therefore_o call_v libri_fw-la magistratuum_fw-la by_o livy_n which_o he_o distinguish_v from_o the_o annal_n prisci_fw-la and_o beside_o these_o livy_n mention_n private_a record_n among_o they_o 16._o of_o which_o cicero_n speak_v which_o belong_v to_o particular_a family_n and_o there_o be_v no_o probability_n these_o shall_v be_v all_o lose_v in_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o city_n for_o the_o capitol_n be_v not_o burn_v in_o which_o probable_o after_o the_o roman_n find_v the_o gaul_n come_v upon_o they_o they_o preserve_v their_o ancient_a annal_n and_o it_o be_v considerable_a that_o dionysius_n halicarnasseus_n quote_v a_o passage_n of_o antiochus_n syracusanus_n 1._o who_o live_v before_o the_o burn_a of_o rome_n and_o write_v concern_v the_o affair_n of_o italy_n wherein_o he_o say_v that_o he_o take_v his_o history_n out_o of_o ancient_a and_o undoubted_a record_n which_o show_v that_o there_o be_v certain_a write_v annal_n both_o at_o rome_n and_o in_o other_o city_n of_o italy_n very_o early_o 2._o and_o the_o same_o dionysius_n quote_v the_o domestic_a annal_n of_o the_o sabine_n and_o festus_n the_o history_n of_o cuma_n roma_fw-la so_o that_o the_o roman_a history_n be_v build_v on_o better_a foundation_n than_o the_o very_a uncertain_a tradition_n of_o the_o native_n 7._o which_o the_o advocate_n be_v please_v to_o make_v the_o sure_a foundation_n of_o all_o history_n but_o i_o be_o so_o much_o of_o another_o opinion_n that_o i_o think_v it_o since_o the_o shorten_n of_o man_n life_n the_o certain_a foundation_n of_o none_o 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high_a character_n i_o know_v a_o late_a critic_n in_o great_a vogue_n among_o some_o have_v endeavour_v to_o reduce_v the_o sacred_a history_n to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o ancient_a annal_n of_o the_o jew_n but_o withal_o add_v that_o we_o have_v only_o some_o imperfect_a abridgement_n of_o they_o much_o like_o that_o which_o the_o rector_n of_o ranfrew_n make_v of_o the_o book_n of_o pasley_n 33._o which_o the_o advocate_n see_v in_o sir_n r._n sibbald_n library_n a_o doctrine_n so_o unreasonable_a and_o mischievous_a in_o the_o consequence_n of_o it_o that_o i_o wonder_v it_o have_v hitherto_o pass_v so_o easy_o through_o so_o many_o hand_n but_o this_o be_v not_o my_o present_a business_n i_o be_o now_o only_o to_o show_v the_o vast_a disparity_n of_o these_o antiquity_n in_o question_n and_o those_o of_o the_o jew_n it_o be_v very_o true_a that_o apion_n do_v object_n against_o they_o because_o the_o greek_a writer_n take_v so_o little_a notice_n of_o they_o but_o how_o do_v josephus_n answer_v he_o he_o show_v that_o the_o greek_n be_v very_o late_a writer_n of_o history_n and_o therefore_o incompetent_a judge_n of_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a antiquity_n and_o he_o prove_v that_o the_o more_o ancient_a nation_n as_o the_o egyptian_n chaldean_n phoenician_n have_v a_o most_o last_a way_n of_o preserve_v their_o history_n for_o they_o have_v public_a annal_n make_v by_o their_o wise_a man_n and_o keep_v in_o sacred_a place_n but_o the_o greek_n be_v very_o defective_a in_o these_o thing_n have_v no_o public_a write_n in_o their_o temple_n or_o elsewhere_o and_o that_o they_o have_v not_o the_o use_n of_o letter_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trojan_a war_n and_o their_o first_o historian_n be_v little_o elder_a than_o the_o persian_n war_n against_o the_o greek_n and_o this_o reason_n he_o give_v of_o the_o dissonancy_n of_o the_o greek_a historian_n because_o they_o have_v no_o public_a annal_n which_o will_v have_v prevent_v error_n and_o keep_v man_n from_o a_o power_n of_o deceive_v but_o great_a care_n he_o say_v from_o the_o most_o ancient_a time_n be_v take_v of_o such_o thing_n among_o the_o egyptian_n and_o babylonian_n and_o for_o their_o ancestor_n he_o say_v they_o exceed_v all_o other_o in_o their_o exactness_n this_o way_n commit_v the_o care_n of_o these_o thing_n to_o their_o high_a priest_n and_o prophet_n but_o the_o authority_n of_o write_v be_v not_o allow_v promiscuous_o to_o all_o but_o certain_a prophet_n be_v pitch_v upon_o who_o write_v the_o most_o remote_a antiquity_n by_o divine_a inspiration_n and_o the_o matter_n in_o their_o own_o time_n plain_o and_o according_a to_o truth_n and_o therefore_o say_v he_o we_o have_v no_o such_o multitude_n of_o book_n differ_v from_o each_o other_o as_o the_o greek_n have_v but_o only_o 22_o contain_v a_o account_n of_o all_o time_n past_a write_v with_o great_a fidelity_n and_o authority_n afterward_o their_o annal_n be_v continue_v but_o not_o with_o equal_a authority_n the_o succession_n of_o their_o prophet_n fail_v and_o to_o show_v of_o how_o great_a credit_n these_o book_n of_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v among_o we_o in_o so_o long_a time_n say_v he_o no_o man_n have_v dare_v either_o to_o add_v or_o to_o take_v away_o or_o to_o transpose_v any_o thing_n which_o be_v utter_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o late_a critic_n for_o without_o a_o liberty_n of_o abridge_n and_o transpose_n and_o insert_v his_o new_a invention_n come_v to_o nothing_o but_o as_o to_o the_o silence_n of_o other_o nation_n about_o they_o he_o show_v that_o they_o be_v a_o people_n who_o live_v in_o great_a retirement_n that_o the_o roman_n themselves_o be_v a_o considerable_a people_n before_o the_o greek_n know_v they_o and_o after_o all_o he_o show_v they_o be_v know_v to_o the_o egyptian_n babylonian_n and_o greek_n which_o he_o prove_v from_o many_o
be_v a_o very_a useful_a point_n but_o not_o very_o agree_v with_o the_o simplicity_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n want_v some_o more_o than_o ordinary_a confirmation_n and_o such_o we_o be_v tell_v it_o have_v for_o st._n david_n have_v a_o design_n to_o consecrate_v this_o church_n our_o lord_n appear_v to_o he_o in_o a_o dream_n and_o forbid_v he_o have_v consecrate_v both_o the_o church_n and_o churchyard_n before_o himself_o and_o for_o a_o sign_n thereof_o he_o thrust_v his_o finger_n through_o the_o bishop_n hand_n which_o it_o seem_v be_v to_o pass_v for_o the_o token_n of_o a_o former_a consecration_n but_o as_o much_o as_o this_o look_n like_o a_o monkish_a legend_n 29._o alford_n and_o 8._o cressy_n be_v much_o displease_v with_o sir_n h._n spelman_n for_o call_v it_o in_o question_n but_o they_o who_o can_v in_o earnest_n believe_v that_o christ_n himself_o do_v then_o consecrate_v a_o church_n and_o churchyard_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o mother_n be_v past_o all_o confutation_n by_o reason_n have_v their_o mind_n natural_o frame_v to_o believe_v legend_n and_o to_o such_o one_o legend_n serve_v to_o confirm_v another_o which_o be_v the_o way_n those_o person_n take_v to_o confute_v sir_n h._n spelman_n for_o cressy_n to_o prove_v the_o antiquity_n of_o dedicate_a church_n to_o the_o bless_a virgin_n bring_v the_o tradition_n of_o the_o temple_n at_o saragoça_n call_v del_o pilar_n because_o the_o pillar_n on_o which_o her_o image_n be_v place_v be_v bring_v thither_o by_o the_o ministry_n of_o angel_n now_o those_o thing_n be_v think_v proof_n by_o some_o which_o to_o other_o look_v only_o like_o bring_v one_o absurdity_n to_o support_v another_o but_o as_o yet_o we_o find_v no_o testimony_n to_o confirm_v this_o tradition_n but_o what_o be_v take_v from_o glassenbury_n which_o be_v not_o the_o best_a witness_n in_o a_o cause_n which_o so_o near_o concern_v itself_o but_o these_o now_o mention_v author_n 7._o at_o last_o venture_n on_o a_o considerable_a testimony_n if_o it_o hold_v good_a viz._n of_o augustin_n the_o monk_n in_o a_o epistle_n to_o gregory_n but_o upon_o examination_n that_o which_o they_o quote_v out_o of_o st._n augustin_n epistle_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o passage_n already_o mention_v by_o malmsbury_n which_o he_o find_v in_o a_o book_n take_v out_o of_o the_o library_n of_o st._n augustin_n at_o canterbury_n and_o they_o may_v as_o well_o have_v quote_v st._n edmund_n epistle_n to_o the_o pope_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n for_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n say_v he_o meet_v with_o the_o same_o passage_n at_o st._n edmund_n be_v as_o well_o as_o st._n augustin_n be_v i._n e._n in_o the_o library_n of_o those_o monastery_n i_o will_v not_o dissemble_v that_o they_o cite_v two_o considerable_a 12._o author_n of_o our_o own_o for_o this_o mistake_n i_o wish_v they_o have_v be_v as_o ready_a to_o have_v follow_v they_o where_o they_o be_v in_o the_o right_n as_o where_o they_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o oversight_n which_o the_o most_o careful_a writer_n may_v sometime_o fall_v into_o but_o it_o be_v a_o unhappy_a temper_n to_o follow_v great_a man_n only_o in_o their_o error_n and_o imperfection_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n we_o have_v not_o one_o testimony_n which_o reach_v to_o the_o point_n concern_v joseph_n of_o arimathea_n which_o be_v not_o original_o take_v from_o the_o glassenbury_n legend_n where_o it_o seem_v there_o be_v great_a choice_n of_o they_o for_o josephi_fw-la capgrave_v mention_n several_a one_o out_o of_o which_o the_o life_n of_o joseph_n of_o arimathea_n there_o be_v extract_v be_v say_v to_o be_v take_v out_o of_o a_o book_n which_o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n find_v in_o the_o palace_n of_o pilate_n at_o jerusalem_n which_o be_v a_o very_a hopeful_a introduction_n to_o a_o legend_n and_o there_o we_o find_v the_o history_n of_o joseph_n of_o arimathea_n very_o distinct_o set_v down_o how_o he_o be_v miraculous_o deliver_v out_o of_o prison_n in_o jerusalemand_n convey_v to_o arimathea_n whither_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o jew_n send_v a_o solemn_a embassy_n to_o he_o of_o seven_o person_n with_o a_o epistle_n wherein_o they_o beg_v pardon_n for_o his_o imprisonment_n and_o desire_v his_o company_n at_o jerusalem_n whither_o be_v come_v upon_o their_o request_n he_o give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o escape_n the_o house_n be_v take_v up_o by_o four_o angel_n and_o christ_n appear_v to_o he_o and_o carry_v he_o to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o bury_v he_o and_o show_v he_o the_o linen_n cloth_n about_o his_o head_n after_o which_o he_o be_v baptize_v by_o philip_n and_o be_v present_a with_o he_o at_o the_o assumption_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n and_o fifteen_o year_n after_o he_o come_v to_o philip_n in_o gaul_n who_o send_v he_o over_o into_o britain_n with_o twelve_o of_o his_o disciple_n and_o his_o son_n josephes_n but_o a_o other_o tradition_n say_v they_o be_v six_o hundred_o man_n and_o woman_n who_o be_v to_o come_v over_o have_v take_v a_o vow_n of_o abstinence_n till_o they_o come_v to_o land_n which_o they_o do_v all_o break_n but_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o who_o pass_v the_o sea_n upon_o the_o shirt_n of_o josephes_n but_o the_o rest_n repent_v a_o ship_n be_v send_v to_o convey_v they_o over_o which_o be_v build_v by_o king_n solomon_n and_o with_o they_o come_v a_o duke_n of_o the_o mede_n call_v nacianus_fw-la former_o baptize_v by_o joseph_n in_o the_o city_n saram_n with_o the_o king_n of_o it_o call_v mordraius_fw-la who_o valiant_o kill_v a_o king_n of_o north-wales_n who_o keep_v joseph_n a_o prisoner_n after_o which_o he_o and_o his_o companion_n preach_v here_o in_o the_o time_n of_o arviragus_n and_o then_o follow_v the_o common_a tradition_n of_o his_o give_v the_o island_n of_o avalon_n to_o they_o and_o the_o twelve_o hide_n of_o land_n by_o the_o three_o pagan_a king_n arviragus_z marius_n and_o coilus_n this_o be_v follow_v by_o another_o tradition_n out_o of_o the_o act_n of_o king_n arthur_n and_o the_o inquisition_n of_o lancelot_n de_fw-fr lac_n all_o which_o be_v conclude_v with_o the_o admirable_a legend_n of_o melkinus_n avalonius_n already_o mention_v these_o be_v the_o choice_n material_n in_o capgrave_n collection_n to_o confirm_v this_o tradition_n and_o if_o he_o have_v find_v any_o better_a he_o will_v no_o doubt_n have_v produce_v they_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o mr._n cressy_n with_o some_o scorn_n reject_v that_o part_n of_o the_o tradition_n take_v out_o of_o the_o holy_a graal_n about_o the_o six_o hundred_o companion_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o media_n etc._n etc._n but_o i_o can_v find_v no_o better_a authority_n for_o one_o part_n than_o for_o the_o other_o and_o for_o all_o that_o i_o can_v see_v the_o holy_a graal_n deserve_v as_o much_o credit_n as_o the_o book_n take_v out_o of_o pilat_n palace_n or_o melkinus_n avalonius_n especial_o since_o 720.80_o pit_n have_v give_v the_o suppose_a author_n so_o good_a a_o place_n among_o his_o british_a writer_n under_o the_o name_n of_o eremita_n britannus_n and_o say_v he_o live_v about_o the_o time_n of_o king_n ina_n anno_fw-la dom._n 720._o and_o 147._o helinandus_n take_v notice_n of_o the_o vision_n to_o the_o british_a eremit_fw-la about_o that_o time_n concern_v joseph_n of_o arimathea_n and_o the_o dish_n wherein_o our_o saviour_n eat_v the_o passover_n with_o his_o disciple_n which_o sort_n of_o dish_n he_o say_v be_v then_o call_v in_o french_a graal_n but_o other_o think_v the_o true_a name_n be_v sangreal_n be_v some_o of_o christ_n real_a blood_n which_o he_o shed_v upon_o the_o cross_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v somewhere_o find_v by_o king_n arthur_n and_o to_o confirm_v this_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o authentic_a write_n of_o melkinus_n that_o in_o the_o coffin_n of_o joseph_n be_v two_o silver_n vessel_n fill_v with_o the_o blood_n and_o sweat_n of_o jesus_n the_o prophet_n but_o lest_o i_o shall_v seem_v to_o expose_v so_o ancient_a a_o tradition_n by_o set_v down_o only_o the_o fabulous_a mixture_n which_o the_o monk_n think_v to_o adorn_v it_o with_o i_o now_o proceed_v from_o their_o dream_n and_o vision_n to_o what_o seem_v to_o have_v much_o more_o weight_n and_o authority_n in_o it_o viz._n their_o ancient_a record_n which_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n seem_v most_o to_o rely_v upon_o among_o these_o in_o the_o first_o place_n he_o mention_n the_o charter_n of_o st._n patrick_n as_o he_o call_v it_o which_o be_v at_o large_a print_v in_o the_o 11._o monasticon_fw-la and_o both_o in_o 9_o alford_n and_o 10._o cressy_n and_o be_v magnify_v by_o they_o as_o a_o substantial_a proof_n of_o the_o glassenbury_n tradition_n which_o cressy_n say_v be_v transcribe_v out_o of_o a_o very_a ancient_a ms._n belong_v to_o glassenbury_n by_o marianus_n victorius_n and_o for_o this_o he_o
chew_v i_o find_v two_o of_o my_o predecessor_n man_n considerable_a in_o their_o time_n produce_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n viz._n 3._o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la and_o rad._n baldock_n other_o say_v 18._o that_o these_o twenty_o eight_o city_n be_v not_o all_o furnish_v with_o bishop_n in_o king_n lucius_n his_o time_n but_o that_o the_o honour_n of_o it_o belong_v to_o he_o because_o he_o begin_v it_o but_o this_o be_v make_v a_o new_a story_n and_o in_o effect_n deny_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o old_a tradition_n however_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o that_o it_o be_v as_o certain_a that_o king_n lucius_n settle_v bishop_n here_o as_o that_o he_o be_v convert_v by_o eluanus_n and_o medwinus_n for_o the_o same_o author_n deliver_v both_o but_o how_o far_o his_o power_n extend_v and_o consequent_o how_o many_o city_n have_v episcopal_a government_n then_o settle_v in_o they_o be_v now_o impossible_a to_o be_v know_v as_o to_o the_o twenty_o eight_o city_n among_o the_o britain_n the_o tradition_n do_v not_o depend_v upon_o the_o credit_n of_o geffrey_n or_o nennius_n for_o bede_n and_o before_o he_o gildas_n say_v the_o same_o thing_n viz._n that_o there_o be_v so_o many_o city_n among_o the_o britain_n while_o the_o roman_n have_v power_n here_o which_o i_o see_v no_o cause_n to_o doubt_v but_o they_o be_v city_n make_v by_o the_o roman_n or_o by_o the_o britain_n in_o imitation_n of_o they_o as_o i_o shall_v prove_v in_o another_o discourse_n but_o that_o which_o follow_v from_o hence_o be_v viz._n that_o the_o government_n here_o settle_v be_v in_o roman_a city_n the_o correspondence_n must_v not_o be_v to_o the_o british_a druid_n but_o to_o the_o roman_a colony_n that_o there_o be_v some_o subordination_n among_o the_o druid_n be_v unquestionable_a for_o caesar_n affirm_v that_o there_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o the_o druid_n and_o the_o last_o age_n have_v discover_v a_o famous_a urn_n of_o one_o chyndonax_n chief_a of_o the_o druid_n concern_v which_o whole_a 25._o book_n have_v be_v write_v and_o several_a discourse_n publish_v without_o any_o great_a satisfaction_n to_o i_o but_o it_o be_v not_o to_o any_o purpose_n to_o tell_v why_o since_o i_o yield_v the_o thing_n itself_o and_o it_o be_v improbable_a there_o shall_v be_v a_o prince_n of_o the_o druid_n without_o a_o intermediate_v subordination_n and_o the_o druid_n be_v so_o far_o disperse_v it_o be_v a_o reasonable_a thing_n that_o the_o superior_a druid_n shall_v have_v their_o particular_a limit_n assign_v they_o that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o understand_v and_o give_v account_n of_o those_o under_o they_o and_o not_o interfere_v or_o entrench_v one_o upon_o another_o as_o far_o then_o as_o we_o suppose_v they_o to_o be_v reasonable_a and_o prudent_a these_o thing_n may_v just_o be_v suppose_v concern_v they_o so_o that_o set_v aside_o the_o name_n of_o flamen_n and_o archiflamin_n for_o which_o there_o be_v no_o foundation_n at_o all_o as_o to_o either_o among_o the_o druid_n and_o not_o for_o the_o latter_a word_n among_o the_o roman_n yet_o the_o thing_n itself_o have_v no_o such_o absurdity_n or_o improbability_n in_o it_o but_o the_o city_n here_o be_v roman_n as_o i_o suppose_v the_o government_n must_v be_v suitable_a to_o that_o of_o roman_a colony_n and_o they_o that_o know_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o constitution_n of_o they_o do_v know_v that_o they_o exact_o follow_v the_o pattern_n of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n have_v a_o senate_n consul_n praetor_n censor_n aedile_n quaestor_n etc._n etc._n and_o beside_o the_o rest_n they_o have_v their_o several_a flamen_n and_o pontifices_fw-la too_o but_o there_o be_v many_o of_o these_o flamen_n in_o each_o city_n or_o colony_n thence_o 37._o latinus_n pacatus_n in_o his_o panegyric_n to_o theodosius_n mention_n reverendos_fw-la municipali_fw-la purpurâ_fw-la flamen_fw-la ensign_fw-la apicibus_fw-la sacerdotes_fw-la speak_v of_o a_o roman_a colony_n but_o there_o can_v be_v no_o resemblance_n between_o a_o multitude_n of_o flamen_n in_o a_o city_n and_o one_o bishop_n over_o a_o diocese_n the_o flamen_n be_v the_o priest_n of_o some_o peculiar_a deity_n from_o who_o they_o take_v their_o denomination_n as_o may_v be_v at_o large_a see_v in_o gruter_n book_n of_o roman_a inscription_n but_o among_o they_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a order_n of_o place_n and_o dignity_n for_o we_o read_v of_o a_o primus_fw-la flamen_fw-la in_o 12._o gruter_n but_o 6._o jac._n gutherius_n have_v a_o observation_n which_o will_v tend_v to_o clear_v this_o matter_n for_o among_o the_o roman_a inscription_n we_o meet_v with_o one_o extraordinary_a of_o this_o kind_n viz._n 31._o flamini_n divorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la now_o say_v he_o the_o name_n flamyn_n be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o priest_n in_o the_o roman_a city_n but_o the_o flamen_fw-la divorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la be_v the_o chief_a priest_n among_o they_o and_o so_o there_o be_v no_o such_o mighty_a absurdity_n as_o have_v be_v imagine_v in_o suppose_v these_o flamen_n to_o be_v put_v down_o and_o the_o christian_a bishop_n to_o succeed_v in_o their_o place_n especial_o if_o we_o can_v have_v make_v out_o that_o there_o be_v flamen_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la as_o at_o first_o appearance_n seem_v very_o probable_a in_o the_o roman_a inscription_n and_o 239._o sertorius_n vrsatus_n seem_v to_o make_v no_o doubt_n concern_v it_o in_o this_o inscription_n divo_fw-la augusto_fw-la albinus_n alb._n f._n flamen_fw-la divae_fw-la aug._n provinciae_fw-la lusitan_n but_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a mistake_n for_o a_o flamen_n d._n aug._n one_o of_o augustus_n his_o flamen_n in_o that_o province_n of_o which_o sort_n there_o be_v many_o example_n but_o there_o be_v other_o 8._o inscription_n wherein_o we_o read_v of_o flaminica_n provinciae_fw-la lusitaniae_fw-la but_o all_o that_o sertorius_n vrsatus_n infer_v from_o hence_o be_v that_o there_o be_v temple_n dedicate_v to_o municipia_fw-la and_o to_o province_n and_o these_o temple_n have_v their_o flamen_fw-la and_o flaminicae_fw-la but_o this_o do_v not_o prove_v that_o the_o flamen_n have_v any_o jurisdiction_n over_o a_o province_n which_o have_v be_v indeed_o to_o the_o purpose_n among_o the_o roman_n although_o there_o be_v none_o call_v arâ—hiflamines_n yet_o there_o be_v flamen_fw-la majores_fw-la &_o minores_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o festus_n and_o other_o the_o lesser_a be_v think_v by_o some_o to_o be_v call_v veflamine_n in_o the_o inscription_n both_o of_o 364.1.498.8_o gruter_n and_o 385._o reinesius_n festus_n say_v the_o majores_fw-la flamen_fw-la be_v the_o patrician_n the_o minores_fw-la the_o plebeian_n but_o the_o late_a publisher_n of_o festus_n say_v that_o the_o majores_fw-la flamen_fw-la be_v the_o dialis_n martialis_n and_o quirinalis_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o fifteen_o who_o be_v add_v afterward_o be_v the_o minores_fw-la the_o flamen_n martialis_n and_o quirinalis_n be_v of_o the_o college_n of_o pontifices_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o resp._n cicero_n and_o the_o pontifices_fw-la themselves_o be_v divide_v likewise_o into_o majores_fw-la and_o minores_fw-la as_o appear_v both_o by_o festus_n and_o the_o inscription_n these_o lesser_a be_v at_o first_o assessor_n in_o the_o college_n or_o court_n of_o pontifices_fw-la but_o afterward_o become_v only_a officer_n to_o they_o and_o among_o these_o there_o be_v a_o pontifex_n maximus_n too_o but_o as_o festus_n say_v he_o be_v only_o the_o first_o in_o the_o college_n but_o all_o this_o relate_v only_o to_o the_o city_n that_o which_o come_v near_o to_o our_o business_n be_v the_o consideration_n of_o the_o sacerdotes_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la as_o they_o be_v call_v in_o the_o etc._n theodosian_a code_n 112._o jac._n gothofredus_n say_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o flamen_n and_o these_o be_v that_o the_o flamen_n belong_v to_o particular_a city_n but_o these_o have_v whole_a province_n under_o their_o care_n and_o so_o in_o the_o law_n the_o honour_n flaminii_n be_v distinct_a from_o the_o honour_n secerdotii_fw-la this_o latter_a be_v call_v archierosyne_n in_o the_o same_o code_n and_o the_o title_n and_o office_n still_o continue_v in_o the_o time_n of_o theodosius_n m._n and_o it_o be_v there_o describe_v to_o be_v a_o care_n that_o divine_a office_n be_v perform_v in_o their_o temple_n and_o such_o as_o these_o be_v sopel_n sopelianus_fw-la in_o asia_n and_o chry._n chrysantius_fw-la in_o lydia_n and_o 49._o arsacius_n in_o galatia_n to_o who_o a_o epistle_n of_o julian_n be_v still_o extant_a give_v he_o charge_n to_o look_v after_o his_o office_n with_o great_a care_n and_o to_o warn_v and_o punish_v the_o inferior_a priest_n if_o they_o neglect_v their_o duty_n so_o that_o we_o have_v now_o find_v out_o what_o do_v bear_v a_o great_a correspondence_n among_o the_o roman_n to_o our_o bishop_n and_o archbishop_n but_o it_o still_o remain_v a_o question_n whether_o they_o do_v not_o rather_o borrow_v this_o from_o the_o christian_n than_o the_o christian_n from_o they_o for_o julian_n
be_v like_o that_o 28._o pontacus_n call_v lodunense_n have_v that_o name_n in_o the_o title_n of_o it_o but_o pontacus_n his_o have_v the_o title_n of_o prosper_n aquitanus_n where_o he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v episcopus_fw-la regini_fw-la and_o great_a debate_n have_v be_v whether_o he_o be_v bishop_n of_o regium_fw-la lepidum_fw-la in_o italy_n or_o of_o regium_n riez_n in_o gaul_n but_o 15._o sirmondus_n prove_v he_o be_v neither_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o gennadius_n victorius_n marcellinus_n and_o other_o and_o by_o faustus_n immediate_o succeed_v maximus_n in_o that_o see_v and_o so_o leave_v no_o room_n for_o prosper_n between_o they_o but_o there_o be_v a_o prosper_n bishop_n of_o orleans_n at_o that_o time_n and_o another_o prosper_v bishop_n of_o regium_fw-la lepidum_fw-la in_o italy_n as_o 259._o vghellus_fw-la show_v which_o may_v occasion_v the_o mistake_n but_o beside_o these_o 5._o sirmondus_fw-la tell_v we_o there_o be_v another_o prosper_n in_o gaul_n who_o write_v a_o chronicon_fw-la too_o and_o end_v at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o tyro_n prosper_n with_o this_o difference_n that_o the_o one_o be_v only_o a_o appendix_n to_o st._n jerome_n the_o other_o a_o entire_a chronicon_fw-la as_o gennadius_n express_v it_o which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v that_o publish_v by_o labbe_n out_o of_o several_a mss._n but_o 18._o those_o who_o have_v careful_o examine_v it_o have_v find_v such_o a_o difference_n in_o the_o computation_n use_v in_o the_o several_a part_n of_o it_o that_o they_o can_v think_v they_o write_v by_o the_o same_o author_n and_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o publish_v by_o pithaeus_n to_o be_v the_o genuine_a chronicon_fw-la of_o prosper_n as_o far_o as_o it_o reach_v and_o that_o the_o first_o part_n which_o shall_v make_v it_o entire_a be_v not_o yet_o discover_v so_o that_o it_o remain_v uncertain_a whether_o this_o passage_n be_v in_o the_o true_a prosper_n or_o not_o our_o 429._o learned_a primate_n of_o armagh_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o chronicon_fw-la publish_v by_o pithaeus_n be_v not_o write_v by_o prosper_n but_o by_o gennadius_n because_o boston_n of_o bury_n say_v that_o gennadius_n add_v a_o chronicon_fw-la to_o st._n jerome_n and_o i_o confess_v the_o passage_n in_o it_o about_o the_o heresy_n of_o the_o praedestinati_fw-la do_v better_a agree_v with_o gennadius_n than_o prosper_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n sirmondus_n have_v find_v out_o another_o prosper_n but_o the_o precedent_n 519._o mauguin_n say_v it_o be_v counterfeit_v by_o the_o semipelagian_o in_o prosper_n be_v name_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n in_o any_o author_n of_o another_o prosper_v who_o publish_v a_o chronicon_fw-la which_o end_v at_o the_o time_n the_o true_a prosper_n do_v viz._n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 444._o sirmondus_n say_v all_o the_o ancient_a copy_n have_v the_o name_n of_o prosper_n upon_o it_o and_o it_o be_v so_o quote_v by_o sigebert_n but_o if_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o pass_v for_o the_o other_o prosper_v he_o will_v never_o have_v differ_v so_o material_o as_o he_o do_v from_o he_o so_o that_o this_o whole_a matter_n be_v very_o dark_a and_o obscure_a yet_o 3._o suppose_v it_o be_v grant_v that_o prosper_n write_v so_o yet_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n to_o believe_v constantius_n than_o prosper_n in_o this_o matter_n for_o constantius_n be_v not_o only_o live_v in_o that_o age_n but_o a_o person_n of_o great_a reputation_n as_o appear_v by_o sidonius_n apollinaris_n his_o epistle_n to_o he_o and_o one_o that_o write_v with_o great_a fidelity_n say_v 9_o baronius_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o express_o set_v down_o by_o who_o st._n german_n be_v send_v into_o britain_n beside_o constantius_n be_v not_o alone_o but_o the_o author_n of_o the_o life_n of_o st._n lupus_n give_v the_o same_o account_n and_o so_o do_v bede_n with_o who_o paulus_n diaconus_fw-la frecalphus_fw-la erricus_fw-la and_o ado_n viennensis_n agree_v and_o he_o place_v their_o come_n after_o the_o reign_n of_o theodosius_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o celestine_n shall_v send_v they_o st._n germanus_n and_o lupus_n be_v thus_o employ_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o gaul_n in_o a_o solemn_a conference_n at_o 446._o verulam_n they_o dispute_v with_o the_o pelagian_o and_o have_v so_o great_a success_n therein_o and_o by_o their_o preach_v up_o and_o down_o in_o many_o place_n that_o they_o leave_v the_o britain_n well_o settle_a as_o they_o suppose_v in_o the_o ancient_a faith_n but_o no_o soon_o be_v they_o return_v but_o some_o of_o the_o pelagian_o get_v ground_n again_o which_o occasion_v another_o message_n to_o st._n german_n who_o then_o take_v with_o he_o 21._o severus_n bishop_n of_o trier_n and_o then_o they_o prevail_v so_o far_o as_o to_o procure_v the_o banishment_n of_o these_o heretical_a teacher_n according_a to_o the_o edict_n of_o valentinian_n and_o from_o thence_o forward_a bede_n observe_v that_o the_o british_a church_n continue_v sound_a and_o orthodox_n but_o here_o it_o will_v be_v proper_a to_o consider_v how_o just_o two_o british_a bishop_n have_v be_v charge_v with_o pelagianism_n the_o one_o be_v fastidius_n and_o the_o other_o faustus_n as_o to_o fastidius_n script_n leland_n confess_v that_o his_o memory_n have_v be_v lose_v but_o for_o the_o mention_n which_o gennadius_n make_v of_o he_o catalogue_n who_o say_v of_o he_o that_o he_o be_v britannorum_fw-la episcopus_fw-la and_o write_v a_o book_n to_o one_o fatalis_fw-la de_fw-fr vita_fw-la beata_fw-la wherein_o the_o doctrine_n be_v very_o sound_a and_o good_a script_n trithemius_n high_o commend_v he_o as_o a_o man_n of_o great_a wit_n and_o eloquence_n a_o excellent_a preacher_n and_o very_o pious_a man._n 41._o bale_n say_v that_o be_v make_v bishop_n he_o preach_v over_o all_o britain_n and_o be_v as_o be_v report_v metropolitan_a of_o london_n what_o bale_n speak_v upon_o report_n 30._o pit_n affirm_v with_o confidence_n that_o he_o be_v archbishop_n of_o london_n 317._o archbishop_z usher_n think_v they_o have_v no_o other_o ground_n for_o this_o but_o a_o different_a read_n in_o gennadius_n britanniarum_fw-la episcopus_fw-la from_o whence_o they_o conclude_v he_o must_v be_v archbishop_n of_o london_n that_o be_v as_o they_o suppose_v the_o metropolis_n of_o britain_n but_o he_o rather_o incline_v to_o the_o opinion_n of_o berterius_n 97._o that_o york_n be_v then_o the_o metropolis_n of_o britain_n not_o only_o because_o it_o be_v a_o roman_a colony_n but_o because_o the_o praetorium_n and_o emperor_n palace_n be_v there_o but_o these_o argument_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o overthrow_v london_n be_v the_o chief_a metropolis_n of_o the_o roman_a time_n for_o every_o province_n have_v its_o metropolis_n and_o the_o superiority_n of_o one_o metropolis_n above_o another_o depend_v on_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o roman_a governor_n the_o vicarius_fw-la britanniarum_fw-la i_o grant_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o war_n with_o the_o northern_a britain_n york_n be_v the_o chief_a seat_n of_o the_o emperor_n when_o he_o be_v here_o as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o severus_n and_o constantius_n but_o that_o be_v for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o attend_v the_o war_n and_o be_v near_o to_o give_v direction_n and_o send_v supply_n but_o the_o pre-eminence_n of_o place_n in_o the_o roman_a account_n do_v depend_v more_o upon_o the_o civil_a than_o the_o military_a officer_n these_o being_n more_o uncertain_a than_o the_o other_o and_o where_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n be_v that_o be_v the_o chief_a metropolis_n and_o that_o be_v where_o the_o supreme_a governor_n of_o those_o province_n have_v his_o residence_n thus_o every_o province_n have_v a_o precedent_n in_o the_o metropolis_n but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o superior_a officer_n over_o these_o precedent_n as_o the_o vicarius_fw-la britanniarum_fw-la be_v over_o the_o five_o province_n the_o place_n of_o his_o residence_n be_v the_o high_a metropolis_n because_o the_o precedent_n court_n be_v in_o subordination_n to_o he_o whether_o they_o be_v consular_a or_o presidial_a and_o therefore_o the_o solemn_a conventus_fw-la out_o of_o the_o province_n be_v appoint_v there_o of_o these_o thing_n we_o have_v a_o clear_a instance_n in_o the_o case_n of_o arles_n where_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o 245._o honorius_n the_o seven_o province_n over_o which_o that_o be_v the_o metropolis_n be_v to_o have_v a_o annual_a assembly_n there_o where_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n reside_v and_o the_o reason_n there_o give_v be_v the_o great_a conveniency_n of_o that_o city_n be_v upon_o the_o river_n rhosn_a both_o for_o other_o business_n and_o trade_n into_o all_o part_n the_o same_o reason_n will_v hold_v to_o make_v london_n the_o chief_a metropolis_n in_o the_o roman_a time_n because_o of_o its_o admirable_a situation_n for_o trade_n and_o commerce_n and_o the_o opportunity_n of_o send_v into_o or_o receive_v dispatch_n from_o
the_o foreign_a province_n and_o the_o emperor_n court_n where_o ever_o it_o be_v so_o that_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n to_o question_v london_n be_v the_o chief_a metropolis_n among_o the_o roman_n the_o argument_n from_o york_n be_v a_o colony_n signify_v nothing_o after_o antoninus_n give_v the_o jus_fw-la civitatis_fw-la to_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o london_n be_v a_o colony_n before_o york_n as_o i_o may_v show_v elsewhere_o and_o of_o a_o high_a nature_n when_o it_o be_v call_v 27.8.28.3_o augusta_n which_o show_v that_o it_o be_v then_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o britain_n that_o name_n be_v give_v to_o no_o other_o city_n in_o britain_n beside_o and_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o learned_a 5._o marc._n velserus_n that_o those_o city_n which_o have_v the_o title_n of_o augusta_n confer_v upon_o they_o be_v the_o capita_n gentium_fw-la the_o chief_a metropoles_fw-la of_o the_o province_n and_o since_o by_o the_o general_a rule_n of_o the_o church_n the_o ecclesiastical_a government_n do_v follow_v the_o civil_a there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o question_n but_o if_o fastidius_n be_v then_o bishop_n of_o london_n he_o be_v the_o chief_a metropolitan_a over_o the_o church_n of_o britain_n but_o whether_o fastidius_n be_v metropolitan_a or_o only_o a_o british_a bishop_n his_o doctrine_n be_v of_o late_o charge_v to_o be_v inclinable_a to_o pelagianism_n for_o holstenius_fw-la find_v in_o ancient_a ms._n the_o book_n fastidius_n write_v de_n vita_fw-la christiana_n with_o his_o name_n to_o it_o and_o so_o publish_v it_o but_o it_o be_v not_o direct_v ad_fw-la fatalem_fw-la but_o to_o a_o certain_a widow_n in_o this_o book_n a_o late_a 19_o augustinian_n have_v discover_v as_o he_o think_v some_o tincture_n of_o pelagianism_n but_o to_o any_o candid_a reader_n his_o exception_n will_v appear_v very_o frivolous_a and_o there_o be_v so_o much_o of_o true_a primitive_a christianity_n in_o the_o rest_n of_o it_o as_o make_v good_a the_o character_n which_o gennadius_n and_o trithemius_n give_v of_o he_o out_o of_o which_o book_n and_o no_o great_a one_o bale_n have_v make_v four_o one_o de_fw-fr vita_fw-la christiana_n a_o second_o de_fw-fr doctrina_fw-la spiritûs_fw-la a_o three_o de_fw-fr viduitate_fw-la servanda_fw-la a_o four_o admonitiones_fw-la piae_fw-la pit_n keep_v the_o same_o number_n but_o lest_o he_o shall_v seem_v to_o take_v all_o out_o of_o bale_n he_o alter_v the_o title_n of_o one_o of_o they_o and_o because_o gennadius_n say_v his_o doctrine_n be_v deo_fw-la digna_fw-la therefore_o pit_n very_o artificial_o make_v the_o title_n of_o his_o second_o book_n to_o be_v de_fw-fr doctrina_fw-la deo_fw-la digna_fw-la vel_fw-la spirituali_fw-la boston_n of_o bury_n make_v he_o the_o author_n of_o two_o book_n by_o mistake_v gennadius_n but_o as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v find_v there_o be_v but_o one_o exstant_fw-la 530._o dempster_n have_v find_v fastidius_n to_o have_v be_v bear_v upon_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o western_a part_n of_o scotland_n and_o he_o make_v he_o author_n of_o a_o five_o book_n call_v chronicon_fw-la scotorum_fw-la which_o be_v a_o strain_n beyond_o pit_n he_o positive_o affirm_v that_o he_o live_v an._n dom._n 440._o trithemius_n say_v about_o an._n dom._n 420._o as_o to_o faustus_n his_o case_n be_v much_o hard_a that_o he_o be_v original_o a_o britain_n i_o find_v not_o deny_v by_o any_o for_o although_o 561._o facundus_n call_v he_o a_o gaul_n yet_o that_o be_v because_o of_o his_o be_v a_o bishop_n so_o long_o there_o as_o sirmondus_n observe_v he_o be_v ortu_fw-la britannus_n habitaculo_fw-la regiensis_fw-la as_o 35._o alcimus_n avitus_n say_v in_o his_o epistle_n to_o gundobadus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o burgundian_n to_o who_o he_o say_v faustus_n be_v know_v in_o his_o 435._o epistle_n to_o ruricius_n faustus_n speak_v of_o his_o live_n in_o a_o state_n of_o banishment_n and_o the_o comfort_n he_o find_v in_o it_o this_o our_o learned_a 439._o primate_n understand_v of_o his_o live_n out_o of_o his_o own_o country_n but_o 16._o hen._n de_fw-fr noris_n of_o a_o banishment_n by_o euaricus_fw-la a_o arian_n king_n then_o in_o gaul_n which_o he_o suppose_v he_o undergo_v for_o write_v against_o the_o arian_n if_o he_o have_v produce_v any_o testimony_n of_o such_o banishment_n there_o may_v have_v be_v reason_n to_o have_v understand_v his_o expression_n so_o but_o since_o there_o be_v none_o and_o his_o word_n be_v general_a as_o to_o his_o country_n i_o see_v no_o cause_n to_o take_v they_o in_o any_o other_o sense_n for_o man_n do_v not_o use_v to_o call_v that_o their_o country_n where_o they_o live_v as_o stranger_n and_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o kindness_n of_o ruricius_n so_o to_o he_o that_o he_o do_v patriam_fw-la in_o peregrinatione_fw-la facere_fw-la which_o can_v well_o bear_v any_o other_o sense_n than_o that_o he_o make_v up_o the_o want_n of_o his_o own_o country_n to_o he_o 562._o sirmondus_n grant_v he_o be_v a_o britain_n but_o he_o add_v he_o be_v one_o of_o those_o britain_n who_o dwell_v upon_o the_o loir_n i._n e._n in_o the_o part_n of_o aremorica_n there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o faustus_n there_o be_v great_a number_n of_o britain_n there_o for_o 45._o jornandes_n say_v that_o riothamus_n their_o king_n or_o general_n go_v with_o 12000_o britain_n against_o euricus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o visigoth_n which_o riothamus_n 9_o sidonius_n apollinaris_n write_v to_o and_o mention_n the_o britain_n with_o he_o but_o it_o may_v be_v just_o a_o question_n whether_o there_o be_v any_o colony_n of_o britain_n on_o the_o continent_n before_o faustus_n his_o birth_n for_o faustus_n be_v make_v abbot_n of_o lerin_n before_o the_o saxon_n come_v first_o into_o britain_n for_o he_o be_v abbat_n when_o st._n caprasius_n die_v as_o the_o author_n of_o his_o life_n affirm_v which_o be_v about_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 430._o but_o their_o come_n be_v not_o till_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 449._o and_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o make_v out_o any_o settlement_n of_o the_o britain_n on_o the_o loir_fw-fr before_o it_o be_v then_o most_o probable_a that_o faustus_n go_v at_o first_o out_o of_o britain_n into_o gaul_n where_o he_o attain_v to_o a_o wonderful_a reputation_n both_o for_o piety_n and_o learning_n he_o be_v worship_v as_o a_o saint_n say_v 297._o noris_n in_o the_o church_n of_o riez_n and_o his_o name_n be_v preserve_v in_o the_o calendar_n of_o the_o gallican_n church_n molanus_n be_v the_o first_o who_o dare_v adventure_v to_o strike_v out_o his_o name_n baronius_n follow_v he_o but_o upon_o admonition_n restore_v it_o as_o jan._n bollandus_n observe_v who_o likewise_o take_v notice_n that_o he_o be_v call_v a_o saint_n by_o cl._n robertus_fw-la by_o ferrarius_fw-la and_o by_o pet._n galesinius_fw-la in_o his_o martyrology_n who_o add_v that_o his_o book_n be_v pious_o and_o learned_o write_v and_o that_o miracle_n be_v say_v to_o be_v wrought_v by_o he_o it_o be_v certain_a he_o be_v a_o person_n in_o mighty_a esteem_n in_o his_o own_o time_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o passage_n of_o euchar._n sidonius_n apollinaris_n of_o 2._o ruricius_n and_o other_o concern_v both_o his_o eloquence_n learning_n and_o piety_n of_o who_o sidonius_n apollinaris_n give_v that_o excellent_a character_n that_o he_o have_v learn_v to_o speak_v better_a than_o he_o be_v teach_v and_o to_o live_v better_a than_o he_o speak_v he_o be_v bishop_n of_o riez_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 462._o for_o at_o that_o time_n he_o be_v join_v with_o auxanius_fw-la in_o determine_v the_o controversy_n between_o leontius_n of_o arles_n and_o mamertus_n of_o vienna_n but_o nothing_o can_v more_o manifest_v the_o esteem_n he_o be_v then_o in_o among_o the_o gallican_n bishop_n than_o that_o in_o the_o council_n of_o arles_n he_o be_v pitch_v upon_o as_o the_o fit_a person_n to_o draw_v up_o their_o sense_n in_o the_o great_a point_n then_o so_o much_o agitate_a about_o predestination_n and_o grace_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o preface_n to_o leontius_n at_o this_o council_n thirty_o bishop_n be_v present_a and_o there_o lucidus_fw-la present_v his_o recantation_n of_o the_o error_n he_o hold_v about_o predestination_n and_o after_o this_o faustus_n write_v his_o book_n of_o grace_n and_o freewill_n to_o which_o he_o say_v another_o council_n at_o lion_n cause_v some_o thing_n to_o be_v add_v in_o these_o book_n it_o be_v think_v that_o under_o a_o pretence_n of_o confute_v those_o error_n he_o set_v himself_o against_o st._n augustine_n doctrine_n as_o seem_v clear_a by_o one_o expression_n in_o his_o first_o book_n that_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o some_o be_v predestinate_v to_o life_n and_o other_o to_o destruction_n ut_fw-la quidam_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la dixit_fw-la non_fw-la judicandi_fw-la nascimur_fw-la sed_fw-la judicati_fw-la but_o these_o word_n may_v refer_v to_o what_o follow_v as_o well_o as_o to_o what_o go_v before_o as_o a_o certain_a holy_a man_n
upon_o a_o public_a allowance_n under_o the_o government_n of_o a_o person_n appoint_v by_o their_o king_n and_o after_o by_o the_o caesar_n this_o musaeum_fw-la be_v adjoin_v to_o the_o palace_n and_o near_o it_o be_v the_o famous_a library_n of_o ptolemy_n philadelphus_n for_o that_o be_v in_o bruchio_n as_o ponder_n epiphanius_n say_v and_o be_v distinct_a from_o the_o other_o library_n afterward_o in_o serapeo_fw-la mention_v by_o 15._o ammianus_n marcellinus_n this_o bruchion_n be_v a_o region_n of_o the_o city_n as_o epiphanius_n say_v and_o some_o will_v have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o granary_n of_o alexandria_n be_v there_o and_o by_o contraction_n it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o the_o ms._n of_o 32._o eusebius_n mention_v by_o valesius_fw-la have_v it_o but_o 52._o salmasius_n will_v have_v the_o name_n take_v from_o the_o store_v lay_v in_o there_o for_o the_o college_n of_o learned_a man_n in_o the_o musaeum_fw-la which_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n call_v praestantium_fw-la hominum_fw-la domicilium_fw-la and_o this_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o say_v be_v the_o same_o with_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o eustathius_n say_v the_o one_o signify_v the_o same_o at_o alexandria_n which_o the_o other_o do_v at_o athens_n and_o he_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v account_v a_o great_a favour_n in_o the_o emperor_n to_o grant_v any_o learned_a man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n a_o fellowship_n in_o the_o college_n so_o 15._o athenaeus_n mention_n it_o as_o the_o kindness_n of_o hadrian_n to_o pancrates_n the_o poet_n for_o flatter_a antinous_n that_o he_o give_v he_o a_o right_n of_o commons_o in_o the_o musaeum_fw-la as_o he_o do_v likewise_o to_o dionysius_n the_o sophist_n and_o polemon_n and_o nicetas_n smyrnaeus_n as_o philostratus_n in_o their_o life_n relate_v aristonicus_n write_v the_o history_n of_o the_o musaeum_fw-la at_o alexandria_n and_o of_o the_o philosopher_n and_o learned_a man_n who_o flourish_v in_o it_o and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o live_n there_o out_o of_o who_o 161._o photius_n say_v that_o sopater_n borrow_a part_n of_o the_o twelve_o book_n of_o his_o miscellany_n but_o this_o book_n be_v lose_v as_o likewise_o those_o of_o callimachus_n and_o alcidamas_n no_o particular_a account_n can_v be_v give_v of_o the_o history_n of_o it_o only_o in_o general_n we_o know_v that_o the_o most_o learned_a person_n in_o their_o several_a profession_n be_v invite_v thither_o and_o have_v there_o all_o the_o encouragement_n which_o freedom_n from_o care_n good_a air_n for_o the_o musaeum_fw-la be_v celebrate_v for_o that_o by_o strabo_n suitable_a society_n and_o a_o excellent_a library_n can_v give_v they_o the_o keeper_n whereof_o be_v man_n of_o the_o great_a reputation_n as_o demetrius_n phalereus_n zenodotus_n ephesius_n eratosthenes_n apollonius_n aristonymus_n chaeremon_n dionysius_n etc._n etc._n in_o this_o musaeum_fw-la it_o be_v that_o hadrian_n hadrian_n propose_v question_n to_o the_o professor_n and_o in_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d institute_v or_o sport_n by_o philadelphus_n to_o apollo_n and_o the_o muse_n after_o the_o finish_v his_o library_n and_o reward_n give_v to_o those_o that_o overcome_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o five_o judge_n appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n from_o hence_o come_v the_o commissiones_fw-la and_o agones_fw-la sacri_fw-la among_o the_o roman_n at_o which_o judge_n be_v appoint_v among_o who_o satyr_n horace_n mention_n metius_n tarpa_n for_o one_o these_o be_v sometime_o perform_v in_o the_o capitol_n as_o 35._o rycquius_fw-la observe_v i._n e._n in_o the_o portico_n where_o the_o exedrae_n be_v like_o those_o at_o constantinople_n what_o the_o number_n of_o public_a professor_n be_v at_o alexandria_n and_o rome_n be_v not_o certain_o know_v but_o at_o constantinople_n their_o number_n be_v determine_v by_o a_o 2._o constitution_n of_o theodosius_n in_o the_o public_a school_n call_v there_o auditorium_n capitolii_n and_o auditorium_n nostrum_fw-la there_o be_v to_o be_v for_o the_o latin_a tongue_n three_o orator_n and_o ten_o grammarian_n for_o the_o greek_a five_o sophist_n and_o ten_o grammarian_n one_o professor_n of_o philosophy_n and_o two_o of_o law_n these_o have_v their_o distinct_a school_n allot_v they_o call_v publicae_fw-la magistrationes_fw-la and_o cellae_n in_o the_o law_n and_o all_o other_o be_v forbid_v to_o teach_v in_o public_a either_o within_o the_o capitol_n or_o elsewhere_o upon_o pain_n of_o infamy_n for_o the_o fact_n and_o banishment_n out_o of_o the_o city_n the_o emperor_n valens_n 2._o by_o another_o constitution_n appoint_v for_o the_o public_a library_n at_o constantinople_n seven_o antiquary_n to_o look_v after_o the_o book_n four_o greek_a and_o three_o latin_a who_o be_v to_o have_v a_o public_a allowance_n so_o that_o there_o be_v a_o bibliotheca_fw-la palatina_n there_o as_o well_o as_o at_o rome_n and_o both_o in_o probability_n be_v near_o the_o capitol_n where_o the_o professor_n teach_v for_o that_o at_o rome_n be_v call_v bibliotheca_fw-la capitolina_n concern_v which_o joh._n 19_o sarisburiensis_n say_v it_o be_v report_v that_o gregory_n the_o great_a cause_v it_o to_o be_v destroy_v out_o of_o a_o fear_n that_o heathen_a learning_n shall_v abate_v man_n love_n to_o the_o scripture_n which_o be_v a_o very_a foolish_a and_o superstitious_a fear_n for_o man_n know_v better_o how_o to_o value_v the_o scripture_n by_o it_o and_o he_o do_v ill_o then_o to_o fetch_v the_o soul_n of_o trajan_n out_o of_o purgatory_n but_o i_o hope_v one_o story_n be_v no_o true_a than_o the_o other_o for_o he_o found_v the_o bibliotheca_fw-la vlpia_n which_o be_v next_o to_o the_o palatina_n and_o victor_n say_v there_o be_v twenty_o seven_o more_o public_a library_n in_o rome_n if_o this_o story_n be_v true_a gregory_n rather_o follow_v the_o step_n of_o julian_n than_o of_o constantine_n for_o the_o one_o envy_a learning_n to_o the_o christian_n as_o much_o as_o the_o other_o promote_v it_o victor_n epitome_n say_v of_o constantine_n that_o he_o do_v nutrire_fw-la art_n bonas_fw-la praecipuè_fw-la studia_fw-la literarum_n and_o his_o 3._o constitution_n still_o extant_a do_v show_v the_o great_a kindness_n he_o have_v for_o learning_n and_o learned_a man_n grant_v great_a privilege_n and_o public_a salary_n to_o the_o professor_n of_o learning_n in_o the_o several_a city_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o julian_n â—_o find_v that_o christianity_n do_v spread_v by_o the_o learning_n of_o the_o christian_n he_o first_o draw_v the_o choice_n of_o public_a professor_n to_o himself_o by_o make_v his_o approbation_n necessary_a after_o the_o judicium_fw-la ordinis_fw-la and_o decretum_fw-la curialium_fw-la and_o so_o exclude_v the_o christian_n afterward_o 42._o he_o express_o declare_v he_o will_v endure_v none_o to_o interpret_v heathen_a author_n who_o argue_v against_o their_o religion_n but_o no_o constitution_n appear_v in_o the_o code_n beside_o the_o former_a tend_v that_o way_n upon_o this_o proaeresius_n say_v chron._n st._n jerome_n leave_v the_o chair_n at_o athens_n although_o he_o have_v a_o particular_a indulgence_n by_o julian_n and_o 30._o orosius_n add_v that_o the_o christian_a professor_n of_o learning_n almost_o universal_o forsake_v their_o place_n but_o both_o mention_n a_o express_a edict_n of_o julian_n to_o that_o purpose_n some_o writer_n speak_v of_o another_o edict_n forbid_a christian_a child_n to_o learn_v but_o i_o can_v find_v no_o edict_n to_o that_o purpose_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o have_v be_v only_o a_o consequence_n of_o the_o former_a since_o christian_a parent_n will_v not_o send_v their_o child_n to_o be_v teach_v by_o heathen_n have_v see_v the_o sad_a effect_n of_o it_o in_o the_o apostasy_n of_o julian_n under_o his_o heathen_a tutor_n mardonius_n maximus_n and_o jamblichus_n but_o by_o this_o edict_n we_o find_v how_o universal_o learn_v be_v then_o diffuse_v through_o the_o province_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n which_o be_v in_o great_a measure_n due_a to_o antoninus_n pius_n of_o who_o piâ—_n jul._n capitolinus_n say_v that_o he_o appoint_v honour_n and_o pension_n to_o rhetorician_n and_o philósopher_n through_o all_o the_o province_n which_o be_v confirm_v and_o enlarge_v by_o the_o several_a edict_n of_o constantine_n to_o that_o purpose_n already_o mention_v and_o 142._o fr._n baldwin_n take_v particular_a notice_n of_o his_o zeal_n to_o promote_v learning_n in_o gaul_n rustic_n st._n jerome_n mention_n the_o florentissima_fw-la studia_fw-la galliarum_n and_o constantius_n in_o the_o life_n of_o st._n german_n the_o auditoria_fw-la galliarum_n after_o which_o he_o say_v he_o go_v to_o rome_n as_o the_o chief_a university_n especial_o for_o law_n thence_o 1._o sidonius_n apollinaris_n call_v it_o domicilium_fw-la legum_n and_o saint_n 8._o augustine_n say_v he_o go_v thither_o to_o study_v the_o law_n but_o other_o profession_n flourish_v elsewhere_o as_o at_o carthage_n 7._o salvian_n say_v there_o be_v