that himself was leâ—t but with three Persons only whereof Hypâ—icrâ—teâ— a manlike woman was one who never left him but alwayes looked to his Horse being armed after the Persian manner till he came to a strong Castle called Inora where was store of Gold and Silver and the Kings chiefest Treasure Here Methridates divided all his richest Apparell amongst his Friends and to each of them a mortall poison to carry about them whereby they might prevent falling into their enemies hands alive Pompey built a City in the place where he gained this Victory betwixt the Rivers of Euphrates and Araxes situate in Armenia the Lesse which he called Nicopolis This City he gave by the consent of his Souldiers to such of them as were old lame sick wounded or disbanded to whom many of the Neighbours afterwards repairing the Nicopolitans lived after the manner of the Cappadâ—cians From hence Methridates had intended to have gone into Armenia but King Tigranes prohibited it and promised an hundred Tallents to him that could kill him Passing therefore by the head of Euphrates he fled through the Country of Câ—lchide In the mean time Pompey invaded Armenia being sollicited thereto by Tigranes the younger who rebelled against his Father and met Pompey at the River of Araxes which falleth into the Caspian Sea Then did Pompey and he march forward taking in such Towns as yeilded unto them Tigranes who had been much weakned by Lucullus understanding that Pompey was of a mild and gentle nature he put his Souldiers into Garrisons and himself with his Friends and Kinsmen went to meet Pompey When he came neer his Camp being on Horsebak there came two Sergeants to him commanding him to alight which he did accordingly and put off his sword and gave it them and when he came before Pompey he shamfully fell upon the ground and imbraced his knees but Pompey took him by the hand raised him up and made him sit down by him on the one side and his Son on the other saying to them both As for your former losses you may thank Lucullus for them who hath taken from you Syria Phoenicia Cilicia Galatia and Sophena but for what you have left till my comming you shall enjoy it paying to the Romans six thousand Tallents for the wrong you have done them Provided also that your Son shall have Sophena for his part Tigranes accepted of the Conditions whereupon the Romans saluted him King and he gave great summes of money amongst the Army But his Son was much discontented and when Pompey sent for him to come to Suppe with him he refused wherefore Pompey imprisoned him and kept him to be led in his Triumph at Rome Shortly after Phraates King of Parthia sent Ambassadors to desire this young Prince who was his Son in Law and to tell Pompey that Euphrates must be the uttermost bounds of his Conquest Pompey answered that Tygranes had more right to his Son than Phraates as for limiting his borders he would do it with justice So leaving Afranius to keep Armenia he passed by other Nations that inhabited about the Mountaine of Caucasus having Methridates in chase Two of the chiefest of these Nations were the Iberians and the Albaniâ—ns neere to the Caspian Sea These upon his request suffered him to Passe through their Countries But Winter hasting on apace these Barberous People raised an Army of fourty thousand fighting men and passed over the River of Cyrnus Pompey could have hindered their passage but yet let them come over and then fought with them and overcame them and slew multitudes of them in the Field whereupon they submitted and made peace with him Then Pompey went against the Iberians who took part with Methridates They were more and better Souldiers than the Albanians they were never subject to the Medes and Persians nor to Alexander the Great These Pompey overcame also in a bloudy fight and slew nine thousand of them and took ten thâ—â—sand Prisoners From thence he went into the Country of Câ—lchide where Servilius met him by the River of Phasis with his Fleet with which he kept the Pontick Sea He found it a hard work to pursue Methridates any further who had hid himself amongst a People that bordred upon the Lake of Maeotâ—s He heard also that the Albanians had rebelled wherefore he went back to be revenged on them passing over the River of Cyrnus again yet with much difficulty because the Barbarous People had made a defence on the further side by felling and laying many Trees across all along the Banck of the River and when he was got over he was to travel through a dry Country a great way before he came to any Water whereupon he caused ten thousand Goats skins to be filled with water and so marched over it At the River Abas he met with his enemies who had now an Army of one hundred and twenty thousand Foot men and ten thousand Horsemen but Armed only in Beasts skins Their Generall was Cosis the Kings Brother In the Battel this Cosis flew upon Pompey and throwing a Dart at him wounded him in the flanck but Pompey ran him through with a Lâ—nce and slew him Some say that some Amazons assisted this People against Pompey After this Battel Pompey going back to invade the Country of Hyrcania as far as the Caspian Sea was forced to retreat by reason of an infinite number of deadly Serpents that he met withall wherefore he went back into Armenia the lesâ—e to which place he had many rich presents sent him from the Kings of the Elymians and the Medes to whom he returned courteous answers Yet he sent Afranius with part of his Army against the King of Parthia who had much harrased and plundred the Country of Tygranes and he drave him out At this time the Concubines of Methridates were brought to him but he would not touch any one of them but sent them all home again to their Parents and Friends being most of them the Daughters of Princes and other Noble Captains Only Stratonice whom Methridates loved above all the rest with whom he had left the custody of his Castle where lay all his Treasures of Gold and Silver was but a Singers Daughter She delivered the Castle into Pompey's hands and besides offered him rich and goodly presents all which he refused saveing such as might serve to adorne the Temples of the Gods and that might beautifie his Triumph leaving the rest to Stratonice to dispose of as she pleased The King also of the Iberians sent him a Bedstead Table and Chaire all of pure Gold praying him to accept it as a token of his love he delivered them into the Treasurers hands to be accountable for them to the State From hence Pompey went to the City of Amisus where he did such things as he had before condemned in Lucullus taking upon him to establish Laws to give gifts and to distribute such honours
THE LIFE DEATH OF POMPEY the Great With all his Glorious Victories and Triumphs AS ALSO The LIFE and DEATH OF ARTAXERXES MNEMON One of the Great PERSIAN EMPEROURS By Sa. Clarke sometime Pastor in St. Bennet Finck London LONDON Printed for William Miller at the Guilded Acorn in St Pauls Church-yard near the little North Door 1665 THE LIFE DEATH OF POMPEY THE GREAT STrabo the Father of Pompey was much hated by the People of Rome who feared his greatnesse obtained by Armes for he was a Noble Captain and to shew their distast when he was slaine by a Thunderbolt as his Body was carrying to buriall the People seized upon it and did great despite unto it But on the contrary never any other Roman besides Pompey had the love of the People so soone nor that continued constanteâ— both in prosperity and adversity than it did to him And that which procured their love and good liking was his temperance in life aptnesse to Armes Eloquence of speech Faithfullnesse of his word and Courtesy in his behaviour He gave without disdain and received with great Honour Being but a child he had a certain grace in his look that wan mens good wills before he spake His countenance was amiable mixed with gravity and when he come to mans estate there apppeared in his gesture and behaviour a grave and Princly Majesty His haire stood a little upright and the sweet cast and motion of his eyes made him very gracefull He was sober and temperate in his Diet contenting himself with common meates and when once in his sicknesse his Physician advised him to eate a Thrush and none could be gotten a Friend told him that Lucullus a certain great man kept them all the year where he should be sure not to fail he replyed What then If Lucullus were not should not Pompey live and therewithall letting his Physicians counsell alone he bad them dresse him such meat as was easy to be had Pompey being a young man and in the Field with his Father who was in Armes against Cinna there lay with him in his Tent a Companion of his called Lucius Terentius who being corrupted with money promised Cinna to slay Pompey and other of his Confederates had promised to set their Generals Tent on fire This conspiracy was discovered to Pompey as he sat at supper which nothing amazed him but he drank freely and was merrier with Terentus than ordinary But when it was bed-time he stole out of his own Tent and went into his Fathers In the night Terentius went into Pompey's Tent and with his Sword gave many a thrust into the Matteresâ—e Presently also the whole Camp was in an uprore and the Souldiers out of hatred to their Generall would needs in all hast have gone and submitted to the Enemy and Strabo duâ—st not go out of his Tent to speak to them but Pompey ran amongst these Mutineers and with teares in his eyes besought them 〈…〉 their Generall He went also and threw himself flat on the Ground athwart the Gate of the Camp and told them that they should march over him if they had such a desire to be gone whereupon the Souldiers being ashamed of their treachery returned to their lodgings Presently after his Fathers death Pompey being his heir he was accused for robbing the common Treasury and in particular for taking certain toiles and cords of Hunters nets He confessed the having of them and that his Father gave him them when the City of Asculum was taken but that he had since lost them when Cinna came to Rome with his Army at which time the unruly Souldiers breaking into his House plundred him of all that he had This matter had many dayes of hearing before it was determined in which time Pompey shewed so much courage and Prudence in managing of it that he wan such credit and favour by it that Antistius who at that time was Praetor and Judge of the cause fell into such a liking of him that secretly he offered him his Daughter in marriage and Pompey liked so well of the match that the parties were privately made sure each to other And not long after through the care and paines of Antistius when the Judges came to passe Sentence Pompey was cleered This businesse being over Pompey married Antistiâ— after which going into Cinna's Camp he was wrongfully accused of some misdemeanours whereupon being afraid of the Tyrant he secretly stole away and when he could not be found in Cinna's Camp there went a rumour abroad that Cinna had murthered him which so irritated some who of a long time had hated Cinna that upon this occasion they rose up against him But he thinking to save himself by flight was pursued by a Captain with a drawn Sword Cinna seeing him fell down on his knees to him and profered him his Signet Ring which was of great price to spare his life Tush said the Capâ—ain I come not to seal any Covenant but to be revenged upon a Villaine and cruel Tyrant and withall ran him through and slew him Cinna being thus dispatched Carbo took upon him the Government a more cruel Tyrant than the former And after him Syllâ— succeeded and at this time the Romans being grievously oppressed by one Tyrant after an other thought themselves happy in the change of Governours For their City was brought into such misery as hoping no more to see Rome recover her lost liberty they desired yet a more tollerable bondage In Sylla's time Pompey was at a place in Italy called Picenum in the Marches of Ancona where he had certain Lands but much more the love and favour of the Citizens for his Fathers sake He seeing that the most Noble men of Rome forsook their Houses and estates to repair to the camp of Sylla as unto a place of safety he also resolved to go thither yet not in a base manner like a Fugitive but purposed to raise an Army and to go in an Honourable manner as one that could doe Sylla good service So he made tryall of the good will of the Picentines who readily joyned with him and whereas there was amongst them one Vindius who opposed Pompey saying That a Boy that came from School but the other day must now in hast be a Captain the rest of the Citizens were so incensed against him that they ran upon him and slew him Thus Pompey being but twenty three years old not tarrying for Commission from any man took upon himself Authority and causing a Tribunall to be set up in the mid'st of the market place of Auximum a great and Populous City he commanded the two Brethren called the Ventidians the chiefest men of the City but his enemies presently to avoid the City Then began he to leavy men to constitute Captaines Leiutenants Sergeants and such other Officers as appertain to an Army And from thence he went to the other neighbouring Cities where he did
knew that ten Legions were already passed over the Alps intending to come in Armes against them and that he would send a man that should defend their Country well enough And so going through the Market place unto Pompey being followed by all the Senators he said openly Pompey I commnad thee to help thy Country with that Army thou hast already and also to leavy more to aid thee Lentulus also used the same speech to him who was chosen for the year following When Pompey went to leavy Souldiers in Rome some would not obey him and others went very unwillingly the most part of them crying out Peace Peace Anthony also against the Senators minds read a Letter to the People sent from Caesar wherein he seemed to make reasonable requests to draw the affections of the Common People to him For he moved that both Pompey and he should resigne their Governments and dismisse their Armies referring themselves wholly to the Judgments of the People and to deliver up unto them an account of their doings Cicero who was lately returned from Cilicia endeavoured to bring them to an agreement propounding that Caesar that should leave the Government of Gaul and his Army reserving only two Legions and the Government of Illyria attending his second Consulship Pompey liked not this motion and so all treaty of Peace was cut off In the mean time newes came to Rome that Caesar had won Ariminum a large and strong City in Italy and that he came directly to Rome with a great power But the truth was he came but with three thousand Horse and five thousand Foot and would not stay for the rest of hiâ— Army that was not yet come over the Alps but hasted rather to surprise his enemies on the sudden who were all in a hurlyburly not expecting him so soon than to stay till they were fully ready to fight with him When he came to the River of Rubicon which was the utmost bound of the Province which he had the charge of in Italy he made an Alt pondring with himself the great enterprize he took in hand At last he cryed out to them that were by Jacta est alea let the Die be cast Or let us put all to the hazard and so passed on with his Army Newes hereof comming to Rome never was there such a consternation and fear seen amongst them For all the Senate ran immediatly to Pompey together with all the rest of the City Magistrates and Tullus asked him what power he had in readinesse to resist Caesar He answered but something faulteringly that he had his two Legions that came from Caesar and with those that he had levied in hast he thought he should make up thirty thousand fighting men Then Tullus cryed out Ah! thou hast mocked us Pompey and thereupon ordered Ambassadors to be sent to Caesar. Phaonius also a bold man said Stamp now with thy foot upon the ground Pompey and make those Armies come which thou hast promised Pompey patiently bore this mock Then Cato thought good that they should make Pompey Leiutenant Generall of Rome with full and absolute Power to command all saying They that knew how to doe the greatest mischief know best how to remedy the same And so immediately he departed to his Government in Sicily Also all the other Senators went to the Provinces whereunto they were appointed Thus all Italy being in Armes no man knew what was best to be done For such as were out of Rome came flying thither out of all parts and such as were in Rome fled out as fast where all things were in disorder They which were willing to obey were very few and they who by disobedience did hurt were too many neither â—would they suffer Pompey to order things as he would because every one followed his own fancy yea in one day they were in diverse minds All this while Pompey could hear no certainty of his enemies the reports being so various and when he saw the tumult and confussion so great at Rome that there was no possibility of pacifying it he comanded all the Senators to follow him declaring all such as staid behind to be Caesars Friends The two Consuls fled also without Sacrifizing to the Gods as their manner was when they went to make War And Pompey in his greatest danger and trouble had great cause to think himself happy because he had every mans good will Shortly after Pompey was gone out of the City Caesar came into it who spake very friendly to all whom he found there labouring to quiet their fears Only he threatned Metellus one of the Tribunes because he would not suffer him to take any of the Treasure of the Commonwealth saying That it was not so hard a thing for him to kill him as to speak it Thus having put by Metellus and taken what he pleased out of the Treasury he prepared to follow Pompey intending to drive him out of Italy before his Army should come to him out of Spain Pompey in the meane time took Brundusium and having gotten some Ships together he caused the two Consuls presently to embark with thirty Companies of Footmen which he sent before to Dyrrachium He sent also his Father in Law Scipio and his Son Cneius Pompeyus into Syria to provide him Ships Then did he fortify Brundusium and guarded the Walls with Souldiers commanding the Citizens not to stir out of their Houses He cast up Trenches also within the City at the end of all the streets saving those two which led to the Haven and filled those Trenches with sharp-pointed stakes and when at leasure he had imbarked all the rest of his Souldiers he by a signe called off those which guarded the Walls and having received them into his Ships he hoisted Sailes and departed Caesar finding the Walls of Brundusium unguarded presently suspected that Pompey was fled and rushing into the City he had certainly falne into the pits but that the Brundusians gave him warning of them whereupon he fetched a compasse about to go to the Haven and coming thither he found all the Ships under saile save two wherein were a few Souldiers Some judged this departure of Pompeys the best Stratagem of War that ever he used But Caesar marvelled that being in so strong a City and expecting his Army out of Spain and being Master of the Seas besides he would so easily forsake Italy Thus Caesar within threescore dayes became Lord of all Italy without bloudshed He was very desirous speedily to have followed Pompey but having no Ships ready he was forced to stay Then did he hasten into Spain to joyn Pompey's Army with his own Pompey in the mean space had gotten a marvellous great power together both by Sea and Land By Sea he had five hundred good Ships of War besides multitudes of Galliots Foists and Pinnaces By Land he had all the flower of the Horsemen of Rome and of all Italy
as his enemies entered 〈…〉 together with his men that fled and thâ—n he 〈◊〉 no more but What! Into our Camp And so rising up he puâ— on a gown fit for his sad condition and secretly stole ouâ— of the Camp His other Legions also fled and Caesars men made a huge slaughter of the Tent keepers and of their servants that guarded the Camp there were slaine about six thousand But at the taking of the Camp Caesars Souldiers plainly saw the madnesse and folly of Pompey's men For their Pavillions and Tents were full of Nosegayes and Garlands of Mirtle and their â—ouches covered with Flowers their Tables full of Bowls of Wine as men prepared to sacrifize for joy rather than to arme themselves to fight When Pompâ—y was gone a litâ—le way from his Camp he forsook his Horse having very few with him and perceiving that none pursued him he walked fair and softly on foot having his head full of thoughts For he for thirty four years together used alwayes to be Victorious and therefore now it was stranâ—e to him to fly He now saw how in one hours space he had lost all that Glory and Riches which he had purchased by so many great Victories He that not long before was followed and obeyed by so many thousand men of War by so many Nations and Horsemen by such a great Fleet upon the Sea was now falne into a low and poor estate with so small a traine that his very enemies who sought him knew him not When he had thus passed the City of Larissa he came into the Valley of Tempe where being a thirst he fell down on his belly and drank of the River then rising up he went and came to the Sea side and lay all night in a Fishers Cottage The next morning by break a day he went into a liâ—tle Boat upon the River having some freemen with him and as for his slaves he dismissed them and bad them go boldly unto Caesar and not to be afraid Thus rowing up and down the shore side in this little Boat he espied a great Ship in the Sea lying at Anchor which was ready to saile away The Master of the Ship was one Peticius a Roman who though he was not acquinted with Pompey yet he knew him well by sight Some of the Marriners told Petiâ—ius that they saw a little Boat comming towards them wherein were some men that held up their hands and made signes to them Peticius looking knew Pompey and commanded his Marriners to let down the Boat wherewith giving Pompey his hand he received him into the Ship and those that were with him and then hoised Sail. With Pompey their were both the Lentuli and Faomius Presently after they espied King Dejotarus comming in a Boat towards them and making signes to be taken in which accordingly they did At Supper time the Master made ready such meat as he had aboard And Faonius seeing Pompey for want of attendants washing himself he ran to him and annointed him and ever aâ—ter waited upon him doing such Offices as servants do to their masters washing his feet aâ—d preparing his food for him Pompey then passing by the City of Amphipolis sailed to the Isle of Lâ—sbos to fetch his Wife Cornelia and his Son who were at Mitilene and having there cast Anchor in the Rode he sent a servant into the City to his Wife whose Message did not answer her expectation For she had still been put in hope by Letters of her Husbands good successe and that the War was well ended The messenger finding her thus confident thought not fit to salute her but rather by his tears discovered the great misfortune of Pompey and at last told her that she must dispatch quickly if she would see her Husband with one Ship onely and that not his own but borrowed The young Lady hearing this fell down in a sown'd before him but after she was come to her self remembring that it was now no time to weep and lament she went speedily through the City to the Sea side There Pompey meeting her took her in his Armes and embraced her But she sinking under him fell down and at last said Out alas Wo worth my hard Fortune not thine good Husband who now see thee with one poor Ship who before thou marriedst me the Vnfortunate Cornelia was wont to saile in these Seas attended with five hundred Alas Why art thou come to see mee and didst not rathar leave me to my accursed destiny seeing my self am the cause of all this thy evil Alas How happy had I been if I had died before I heard of the death of my first Husband Publius Crasâ—us slaine in the Parthian War And how wise had I been if according to my determination I then had slaine my self whereas I yet live to bring this misfortune upon Pompey the Great To this Pompey answered Peradventure my Cornelia thou hast known a better fortune which hath also deceived thee because shee hath continued longer with me than her manner is But since we are borne men we must patiently beare these troubles and once more try what she will doe For it is not impossible for us again to change this adversity fâ—r prosperity no more than it was to fall from our late prosperity into this Calamity When Cornelia heard him say so she sent into the City for her houshould stuff and Famely The Metylenians also came to salute Pompey praying him to come and refresh himself in their City But Pompey refused and advised them to obey the Conquerour for said he Caesar is of a just and Curteous nature Then Pompey turning to Cratippus the Philosopher who came amongst the Citizens to visit him made his complaint to him and reasoned a little with him about Divine Providence Then taking his Wife and Friends he hoised saile and departed staying no where but to take in fresh provision and water The first City that he touched at was Atallia in the Country of Pamphylia Thither came to him some Gallies out of Cilicia and many of his Friends and Souldiers insomuch as he had now sixty Senators in his Company Then understanding that his Army by Sea was yet whole and that Cato had gathered together a great number of his Souldiers after the overthrow whom he had transported with him into Africk he complained to his Friends for that they had compelled him to fight by Land and not suffered him to make use of his Fleet wherein he was the stronger and that he kept not his Army neere to the Sea that in case he miscarried at Land he might presently have repaired to his Fleet at Sea and thereby have resisted his enemy Thus Pompey being driven to atempt somewhat according to his small ability to some Cities he sent Ambassadors to others he went himself to gather money wherewith he armed and manned some Ships But fearing the sudden approach of his enemie before he could be in readiness