convey_v right_o act_n have_v possess_v and_o the_o like_a unless_o it_o be_v every_o one_o apart_o and_o man_n by_o man_n so_o as_o there_o must_v be_v as_o many_o promise_n compact_n right_n and_o actioâ—s_n as_o men._n wherefore_o a_o multitude_n be_v no_o natural_a person_n but_o if_o the_o same_o multitude_n do_v contract_n one_o with_o another_o that_o the_o will_n of_o one_o man_n or_o the_o agree_a will_n of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v receive_v for_o the_o will_n of_o all_o than_o it_o become_v one_o person_n for_o it_o be_v endue_v with_o a_o will_n anâ—_n therefore_o can_v do_v voluntary_a action_n such_o as_o arâ—_n command_v make_v law_n acquire_v and_o transfer_v of_o right_a and_o so_o â—orth_o and_o it_o be_v often_o call_v the_o people_n than_o the_o multitude_n we_o must_v therefore_o distinguish_v thus_o when_o we_o say_v the_o people_n or_o multitude_n will_n command_n or_o do_v any_o thing_n it_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o city_n which_o command_v will_n and_o act_n by_o the_o will_n of_o one_o or_o the_o concur_v will_n of_o more_o which_o can_v be_v do_v but_o in_o a_o assembly_n but_o as_o oft_o as_o any_o thing_n be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v by_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n whether_o great_a or_o small_a without_o the_o will_n of_o that_o man_n or_o assembly_n of_o man_n that_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v do_v by_o a_o subject_v people_n that_o be_v by_o many_o single_a citizen_n together_o and_o not_o proceed_v from_o one_o will_n but_o from_o diverse_a will_n of_o diverse_a man_n who_o be_v citizen_n and_o subject_n but_o not_o a_o city_n ii_o next_o we_o must_v consider_v that_o every_o agree_v one_o of_o the_o multitude_n by_o who_o mean_n there_o may_v be_v a_o beginning_n to_o make_v up_o the_o city_n must_v agree_v with_o the_o rest_n that_o in_o those_o matter_n which_o shall_v be_v propound_v by_o any_o one_o in_o the_o assembly_n that_o be_v receive_v for_o the_o will_n of_o all_o which_o the_o major_a part_n shall_v approve_v of_o for_o otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v no_o will_n at_o all_o of_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n who_o will_n and_o vote_n differ_v so_o various_o now_o if_o any_o one_o will_v not_o consent_v the_o rest_n notwithstanding_o shall_v among_o themselves_o constitute_v the_o city_n without_o he_o whence_o it_o will_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o city_n retain_v its_o primitive_a right_n against_o the_o dissentour_n that_o be_v the_o right_a of_o war_n as_o against_o a_o enemy_n iii_o but_o because_o we_o say_v in_o the_o forego_n secure_v chapter_n the_o six_o article_n that_o there_o be_v require_v to_o the_o security_n of_o man_n not_o only_o their_o consent_n but_o also_o the_o subjection_n of_o their_o will_n in_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v necessary_a to_o peace_n and_o defence_n and_o that_o in_o that_o union_n and_o subjection_n the_o nature_n of_o a_o city_n consist_v we_o must_v discern_v now_o in_o this_o place_n out_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v propound_v discuss_v and_o state_v in_o a_o assembly_n of_o man_n all_o who_o will_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o will_n of_o the_o major_a part_n what_o thing_n be_v necessary_a to_o peace_n and_o common_a defence_n but_o first_o of_o all_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o peace_n that_o a_o man_n be_v so_o far_o forth_o protect_v against_o the_o violence_n of_o other_o that_o he_o may_v live_v secure_o that_o be_v that_o he_o may_v have_v no_o just_a cause_n to_o fear_v other_o so_o long_o as_o he_o do_v they_o no_o injury_n indeed_o to_o make_v man_n altogether_o safe_a from_o mutual_a harm_n so_o as_o they_o can_v be_v hurt_v or_o injurious_o kill_v be_v impossible_a and_o therefore_o come_v not_o within_o deliberation_n but_o care_n may_v be_v have_v there_o be_v no_o just_a cause_n of_o fear_n for_o security_n be_v the_o end_n wherefore_o man_n submit_v themselves_o to_o other_o which_o if_o it_o be_v not_o have_v no_o man_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v submit_v himself_o to_o aught_o or_o to_o have_v quit_v his_o right_n to_o all_o thing_n before_o that_o there_o be_v a_o care_n have_v of_o his_o security_n iv._o it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o obtain_v this_o security_n security_n that_o every_o one_o of_o those_o who_o be_v now_o grow_v up_o into_o a_o city_n doâ—_n covenant_n with_o the_o rest_n either_o by_o word_n or_o write_v not_o to_o steal_v not_o to_o kill_v and_o to_o observe_v the_o like_a law_n for_o the_o pravity_n of_o humane_a disposition_n be_v manifest_a to_o all_o and_o by_o experience_n too_o well_o know_v how_o little_o remove_v the_o punishment_n man_n be_v keep_v to_o their_o duty_n through_o conscience_n of_o their_o promise_n we_o must_v therefore_o provide_v for_o our_o security_n not_o by_o compact_n but_o by_o punishment_n and_o there_o be_v then_o sufficient_a provision_n make_v when_o there_o be_v so_o great_a punishment_n appoint_v for_o every_o injury_n as_o apparent_o it_o prove_v a_o great_a evil_a to_o have_v do_v it_o than_o not_o to_o have_v do_v it_o for_o all_o man_n by_o a_o necessity_n of_o nature_n choose_v that_o which_o to_o they_o appear_v to_o be_v the_o less_o evil_a v._o now_o the_o right_n of_o punish_v be_v then_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v give_v to_o any_o one_o when_o every_o man_n contract_v not_o to_o assist_v he_o who_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v but_o i_o will_v call_v this_o right_n the_o sword_n of_o justice_n but_o these_o kind_n of_o contract_n man_n observe_v well_o enough_o for_o the_o most_o part_n till_o either_o themselves_o or_o their_o near_a friend_n be_v to_o suffer_v vi_o because_o therefore_o for_o the_o security_n of_o command_n particular_a man_n and_o by_o consequence_n for_o the_o common_a peace_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o right_n of_o use_v the_o sword_n for_o punishment_n be_v transfer_v to_o some_o man_n or_o counsel_n that_o man_n or_o counsel_n be_v necessary_o understod_a by_o right_o to_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o the_o city_n for_o he_o that_o by_o right_n punish_v at_o his_o own_o discretion_n by_o right_n compel_v all_o man_n to_o all_o thing_n which_o he_o himself_o will_v than_o which_o a_o great_a command_n can_v be_v imagine_v vii_o but_o in_o vain_a do_v they_o worship_v peace_n also_o at_o home_n who_o can_v defend_v themselves_o against_o foreigner_n neither_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o they_o to_o protect_v themselves_o against_o foreigner_n who_o force_n be_v not_o unite_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o particular_n that_o there_o be_v some_o one_o counsel_n or_o one_o man_n who_o have_v the_o right_a to_o arm_v to_o gather_v together_o to_o unite_v so_o many_o citizen_n in_o all_o danger_n and_o on_o all_o occasion_n as_o shall_v be_v needful_a for_o common_a defence_n against_o the_o certain_a number_n and_o strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o again_o as_o often_o as_o he_o shall_v find_v it_o expedient_a to_o make_v peace_n with_o they_o we_o must_v understand_v therefore_o that_o particular_a citizen_n have_v convey_v their_o whole_a right_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n unto_o some_o one_o man_n or_o counsel_n and_o that_o this_o right_n which_o we_o may_v call_v â—he_v sword_n of_o war_n belong_v to_o the_o same_o man_n or_o counsel_n to_o who_o the_o sword_n of_o justice_n belong_v for_o no_o man_n can_v by_o right_o compel_v citizen_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o be_v at_o the_o expense_n of_o war_n but_o he_o who_o by_o right_o can_v punish_v he_o who_o do_v not_o obey_v both_o sword_n therefore_o as_o well_o this_o of_o war_n as_o that_o of_o justice_n even_o by_o the_o constitution_n itself_o of_o a_o city_n and_o essential_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o chief_a command_n viii_o but_o because_o the_o right_n of_o the_o sword_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o have_v power_n by_o he_o right_a to_o use_v the_o sword_n at_o his_o own_o will_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o judgement_n of_o its_o right_a use_n pertain_v to_o the_o same_o party_n for_o if_o the_o power_n of_o judge_v be_v in_o one_o and_o the_o power_n of_o execute_v in_o another_o nothing_o will_v be_v do_v for_o in_o vain_a will_v he_o give_v judgement_n who_o can_v not_o execute_v his_o command_n or_o if_o he_o execute_v they_o by_o the_o power_n of_o another_o he_o himself_o be_v not_o say_v to_o have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n but_o that_o other_o to_o who_o he_o be_v only_o a_o officer_n all_o judgement_n therefore_o in_o a_o city_n belong_v to_o he_o who_o have_v the_o sword_n i._n e._n to_o he_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a authority_n ix_o furthermore_o since_o it_o no_o less_o nay_o it_o much_o more_o conduce_v to_o peace_n to_o prevent_v also_o brawl_n from_o arise_v then_o to_o appease_v they_o be_v rise_v and_o
distinction_n between_o counsel_n and_o law_n from_o the_o difference_n between_o counsel_n and_o command_n now_o counsel_n be_v a_o precept_n in_o which_o the_o reason_n of_o my_o obey_v it_o be_v take_v from_o the_o thing_n itself_o which_o be_v advise_v but_o command_n be_v a_o precept_n in_o which_o the_o cause_n of_o my_o obedience_n depend_v on_o the_o will_n of_o the_o commander_n for_o it_o be_v not_o proper_o say_v thus_o i_o will_v and_o thus_o i_o command_v except_o the_o will_v stand_v for_o a_o reason_n now_o when_o obedience_n be_v yield_v to_o the_o law_n not_o for_o the_o thing_n itself_o but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o adviser_n will_v the_o law_n be_v not_o a_o counsel_n but_o a_o command_n and_o be_v define_v thus_o law_n be_v the_o command_n of_o that_o person_n whether_o man_n or_o court_n who_o precept_n contain_v in_o it_o the_o reason_n of_o obedience_n as_o the_o precept_n of_o god_n in_o regard_n of_o man_n of_o magistrate_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o subject_n and_o universal_o of_o all_o the_o powerful_a in_o respect_n of_o they_o who_o can_v resist_v may_v be_v term_v their_o law_n law_n and_o counsel_n therefore_o differ_v many_o way_n law_n belong_v to_o he_o who_o have_v power_n over_o they_o who_o he_o advise_v counsel_n to_o they_o who_o have_v no_o power_n to_o follow_v what_o be_v prescribe_v by_o law_n be_v duty_n what_o by_o counsel_n be_v freewill_n counsel_n be_v direct_v to_o his_o end_n that_o receive_v it_o law_n to_o his_o that_o give_v it_o counsel_n be_v give_v to_o none_o but_o the_o willing_a law_n even_o to_o the_o unwilling_a to_o conclude_v the_o right_a of_o the_o counsellor_n be_v make_v void_a by_o the_o will_n of_o he_o to_o who_o he_o give_v counsel_n the_o right_a of_o the_o lawgiver_n be_v not_o abrogate_a at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o he_o who_o have_v a_o law_n impose_v ii_o they_o confound_v law_n and_o covenant_n covenant_n who_o conceive_v the_o law_n to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o certain_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o form_n of_o live_v determine_v by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o man_n among_o who_o be_v aristotle_n who_o define_v law_n on_o this_o manner_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o say_v law_n be_v a_o speech_n limit_v according_a to_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o city_n declare_v every_o thing_n that_o we_o ought_v to_o do_v which_o definition_n be_v not_o simple_o of_o law_n but_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o divine_a law_n spring_v not_o from_o the_o consent_n of_o man_n nor_o yet_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o if_o they_o have_v their_o original_n from_o the_o consent_n of_o man_n they_o may_v also_o by_o the_o same_o consent_n be_v abrogate_a but_o they_o be_v unchangeable_a but_o indeed_o that_o be_v no_o right_a definition_n of_o a_o civil_a law_n for_o in_o that_o place_n a_o city_n be_v take_v either_o for_o one_o civil_a person_n one_o will_v or_o for_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n who_o have_v each_o of_o they_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o private_a will_n if_o for_o one_o person_n those_o word_n common_a consent_n be_v ill_o place_v here_o for_o one_o person_n have_v no_o common_a consent_n neither_o ought_v he_o to_o have_v say_v declare_v what_o be_v needful_a to_o be_v do_v but_o command_v for_o what_o the_o city_n deolares_fw-la it_o command_v its_o subject_n he_o therefore_o by_o a_o city_n understand_v a_o multitude_n of_o man_n declare_v by_o common_a consent_n imagine_v it_o a_o write_v confirm_v by_o vote_n some_o certain_a form_n of_o live_a but_o these_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o some_o mutual_a contract_n which_o oblige_v not_o any_o man_n and_o therefore_o be_v no_o law_n before_o that_o a_o supreme_a power_n be_v constitute_v which_o can_v compel_v have_v sufficient_a remedy_n against_o the_o rest_n who_o otherwise_o be_v not_o likely_a to_o keep_v they_o law_n therefore_o according_a to_o this_o definition_n of_o aristotle_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o naked_a and_o weak_a contract_n which_o then_o at_o length_n when_o there_o be_v one_o who_o by_o right_n do_v exercise_v the_o supreme_a power_n shall_v either_o become_v law_n or_o no_o law_n at_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n wherefore_o he_o confound_v contract_n with_o law_n which_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v do_v for_o contract_n be_v a_o promise_n law_n a_o command_n in_o contract_n we_o say_v i_o will_v do_v this_o in_o law_n do_v this_o *_o contract_v oblige_v we_o law_n vie_v we_o fast_o be_v oblige_v a_o contract_n oblige_v of_o itself_o the_o law_n hold_v the_o party_n oblige_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o universal_a contract_n of_o yield_a obedience_n therefore_o in_o contract_n its_o first_o determine_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v before_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v it_o but_o in_o law_n we_o be_v first_o oblige_v to_o perform_v and_o what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v be_v determine_v afterward_o aristotle_n therefore_o ought_v to_o have_v define_v a_o civil_a law_n thus_o a_o civil_a law_n be_v a_o speech_n limit_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o city_n command_v every_o thing_n behooveful_a to_o be_v do_v which_o be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o we_o have_v give_v above_o in_o the_o 6._o chap._n art_n 9_o to_o wit_n that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v the_o command_n of_o he_o whether_o man_n or_o court_n of_o man_n who_o be_v endue_v with_o supreme_a power_n in_o the_o city_n concern_v the_o future_a action_n of_o his_o subject_n contract_n oblige_v we_o to_o be_v oblige_v annotation_n and_o to_o be_v tie_v be_v oblige_v seem_v to_o some_o man_n to_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n and_o that_o therefore_o here_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o distinction_n in_o word_n but_o none_o indeed_o more_o clear_o therefore_o i_o say_v thâ—…_n that_o a_o man_n be_v oblige_v â—y_a his_o contract_n that_o be_v that_o he_o ought_v to_o perform_v for_o his_o promise_n sake_n but_o that_o the_o law_n tie_v he_o be_v oblige_v that_o be_v to_o say_v it_o compel_v he_o to_o make_v good_a his_o promise_n for_o fear_v of_o the_o punishment_n appoint_v by_o the_o law_n iii_o they_o confound_v law_n with_o right_n right_n who_o continue_v still_o to_o do_v what_o be_v permit_v by_o divine_a right_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o which_o be_v prohibit_v by_o the_o divine_a law_n can_v be_v permit_v by_o the_o civil_a neither_o can_v that_o which_o be_v command_v by_o the_o divine_a law_n be_v prohibit_v by_o the_o civil_a notwithstanding_o that_o which_o be_v permit_v by_o the_o divine_a right_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o which_o may_v be_v do_v by_o divine_a right_n do_v no_o whit_n hinder_v why_o the_o same_o may_v not_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o inferior_a law_n may_v restrain_v the_o liberty_n allow_v by_o the_o superior_a although_o they_o can_v enlarge_v they_o now_o natural_a liberty_n be_v a_o right_a not_o constitute_v but_o allow_v by_o the_o law_n for_o the_o law_n be_v remove_v our_o liberty_n be_v absolute_a this_o be_v first_o restrain_v by_o the_o natural_a and_o divine_a law_n the_o residue_n be_v bound_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o what_o remain_v may_v again_o be_v restrain_v by_o the_o constitution_n of_o particular_a town_n and_o society_n there_o be_v great_a difference_n therefore_o between_o law_n and_o right_o for_o law_n be_v a_o setter_n right_o be_v freedom_n and_o they_o differ_v like_o contrary_n iv._o all_o law_n may_v be_v divide_v first_o according_a nation_n to_o the_o diversity_n of_o its_o author_n into_o divine_a and_o humane_a the_o divine_a according_a to_o the_o two_o way_n whereby_o god_n have_v make_v know_v his_o will_n unto_o man_n be_v twofold_a natural_a or_o moral_a and_o positive_a natural_a be_v that_o which_o god_n have_v declare_v to_o all_o man_n by_o his_o eternal_a word_n bear_v with_o they_o to_o wit_n their_o natural_a reason_n and_o this_o be_v that_o law_n which_o in_o this_o whole_a book_n i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o unfold_v positive_a be_v that_o which_o god_n have_v reveal_v to_o we_o by_o the_o word_n of_o prophecy_n wherein_o he_o have_v speak_v unto_o man_n as_o a_o man_n such_o be_v the_o law_n which_o he_o give_v to_o the_o jew_n concern_v their_o government_n and_o divine_a worship_n and_o they_o may_v be_v term_v the_o divine_a civil_a law_n because_o they_o be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o civil_a government_n of_o the_o jew_n his_o peculiar_a people_n again_o the_o natural_a law_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o that_o of_o man_n which_o alone_o have_v obtain_v the_o title_n of_o the_o i_o awe_n of_o nature_n and_o that_o of_o city_n which_o may_v be_v call_v that_o of_o nation_n but_o vulgar_o it_o be_v term_v the_o right_n of_o nation_n the_o precept_n
precellence_n neither_o do_v the_o society_n of_o other_o advance_v any_o whit_n the_o cause_n of_o my_o glory_v in_o myself_o for_o every_o man_n must_v account_v himself_o such_o as_o he_o can_v make_v himself_o without_o the_o help_n of_o other_o but_o though_o the_o benefit_n of_o this_o life_n may_v be_v much_o farther_v by_o mutual_a help_n since_o yet_o those_o may_v be_v better_o attain_v to_o by_o dominion_n then_o by_o the_o society_n of_o other_o i_o hope_v no_o body_n will_v doubt_v but_o that_o man_n will_v much_o more_o greedy_o be_v carry_v by_o nature_n if_o all_o fear_n be_v remove_v to_o obtain_v dominion_n then_o to_o gain_v society_n we_o must_v therefore_o resolve_v that_o the_o original_a of_o all_o great_a and_o last_a society_n consist_v not_o in_o the_o mutual_a good_a will_n man_n have_v towards_o each_o other_o but_o in_o the_o *_o mutual_a fear_n they_o have_v of_o each_o other_o bear_a sit_v since_o we_o now_o see_v actual_o a_o constitute_v annotation_n society_n among_o man_n and_o none_o live_v out_o of_o it_o since_o we_o discern_v all_o desirous_a of_o congress_n and_o mutual_a correspondence_n it_o may_v seem_v a_o wonderful_a kind_n of_o stupidity_n to_o lay_v in_o the_o very_a threshold_n of_o this_o doctrine_n such_o a_o stumble_a block_n before_o the_o reader_n as_o to_o deny_v man_n to_o be_v bear_v sit_v for_o society_n therefore_o i_o must_v more_o plain_o say_v that_o it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o to_o man_n by_o nature_n or_o as_o man_n that_o be_v as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v bear_v solitude_n be_v a_o enemy_n for_o infant_n have_v need_n of_o other_o to_o help_v they_o to_o live_v and_o those_o of_o ripe_a year_n to_o help_v they_o to_o live_v well_o wherefore_o i_o deny_v not_o that_o man_n even_a nature_n compel_v desire_v to_o come_v together_o but_o civil_a society_n be_v not_o mere_a meeting_n but_o bond_n to_o the_o make_v whereof_o faith_n and_o compact_n be_v necessary_a the_o virtue_n whereof_o to_o child_n and_o fool_n and_o the_o profit_n whereof_o to_o those_o who_o have_v not_o yet_o taste_v the_o misery_n which_o accompany_v its_o defect_n be_v altogether_o unknown_a whence_o it_o happen_v that_o those_o because_o they_o know_v not_o what_o society_n be_v can_v enter_v into_o it_o these_o because_o ignorant_a of_o the_o benefit_n it_o bring_v care_v not_o for_o it_o manifest_a therefore_o it_o be_v that_o all_o man_n because_o they_o be_v bear_v in_o infancy_n be_v bear_v unapt_a for_o society_n many_o also_o perhaps_o most_o man_n either_o through_o defect_n of_o mind_n or_o want_v of_o education_n remain_v unfit_a during_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o their_o life_n yet_o have_v they_o infant_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o ripe_a year_n a_o humane_a nature_n wherefore_o man_n be_v make_v sit_v for_o society_n not_o by_o nature_n but_o by_o education_n furthermore_o although_o man_n be_v bear_v in_o such_o a_o condition_n as_o to_o desire_v it_o it_o follow_v not_o that_o he_o therefore_o be_v bear_v sit_v to_o enter_v into_o it_o for_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o desire_v another_o to_o be_v in_o capacity_n â—it_a for_o what_o we_o desire_v for_o even_o they_o who_o through_o their_o pride_n will_v not_o stoop_v to_o equal_a condition_n without_o which_o there_o can_v be_v no_o society_n do_v yet_o desire_v it_o the_o mutual_a fear_n it_o be_v object_v it_o be_v so_o annotation_n improbable_a that_o man_n shall_v grow_v into_o civil_a society_n out_o of_o fear_n that_o if_o they_o have_v be_v afraid_a they_o will_v not_o have_v endure_v each_o other_o look_n they_o presume_v i_o believe_v that_o to_o fear_n be_v nothing_o else_o then_o to_o be_v affright_v i_o comprehend_v in_o this_o word_n fear_v a_o certain_a foresight_n of_o future_a evil_n neither_o do_v i_o conceive_v flight_n the_o sole_a property_n of_o fear_n but_o to_o distrust_v suspect_v take_v heed_n provide_v so_o that_o they_o may_v not_o fear_v be_v also_o incident_a to_o the_o fearful_a they_o who_o go_v to_o sleep_v shut_v their_o door_n they_o who_o travel_v carry_v their_o sword_n with_o they_o because_o they_o fear_v theives_n kingdom_n guard_n their_o coast_n and_o frontier_n with_o fort_n and_o castle_n city_n be_v compass_v with_o wall_n and_o all_o for_o fear_v of_o neighbour_a kingdom_n and_o town_n even_o the_o strong_a army_n and_o most_o accomplishâ—â—_n for_o fight_n yet_o sometime_o parley_n for_o peace_n as_o fear_v each_o other_o power_n and_o lest_o they_o may_v be_v overcome_v it_o be_v through_o fear_n that_o man_n secure_v themselves_o by_o flight_n indeed_o and_o in_o corner_n if_o they_o think_v they_o can_v escape_v otherwise_o but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o arm_n and_o defensive_a weapon_n whence_o it_o happen_v that_o dare_v to_o come_v forth_o they_o know_v each_o other_o spirit_n but_o then_o if_o they_o fight_v civil_a society_n arise_v from_o the_o victory_n if_o they_o agree_v from_o their_o agreement_n iii_o the_o cause_n of_o mutual_a fear_n consist_v partly_o in_o the_o natural_a equality_n of_o man_n partly_o equal_a in_o their_o mutual_a will_n of_o hurt_v whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o we_o can_v neither_o expect_v from_o other_o nor_o promise_n to_o ourselves_o the_o least_o security_n for_o if_o we_o look_v on_o man_n fullgrown_a and_o consider_v how_o brittle_a the_o frame_n of_o our_o humane_a body_n be_v which_o perish_v all_o its_o strength_n vigour_n and_o wisdom_n itself_o perish_v with_o it_o and_o how_o easy_a a_o matter_n it_o be_v even_o for_o the_o weak_a man_n to_o kill_v the_o strong_a there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o any_o man_n trust_v to_o his_o own_o strength_n shall_v conceive_v himself_o make_v by_o nature_n above_o other_o they_o be_v equal_n who_o can_v do_v equal_a thing_n one_o against_o the_o other_o but_o they_o who_o can_v do_v the_o great_a thing_n namely_o kill_v can_v do_v equal_a thing_n all_o man_n therefore_o among_o themselves_o be_v by_o nature_n equal_a the_o inequality_n we_o now_o discern_v have_v its_o spring_n from_o the_o civil_a law_n iv._o all_o man_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n have_v a_o arise_v desire_n and_o will_v to_o hurt_v but_o not_o proceed_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n neither_o equal_o to_o be_v condemn_v for_o one_o man_n according_a to_o that_o natural_a equality_n which_o be_v among_o we_o permit_v as_o much_o to_o other_o as_o he_o assume_v to_o himself_o which_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o a_o temperate_a man_n and_o one_o that_o right_o value_v his_o power_n another_o suppose_v himself_o above_o other_o will_v have_v a_o licence_n to_o do_v what_o he_o list_v and_o challenge_v respect_n and_o honour_n as_o due_a to_o he_o before_o other_o which_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o a_o fiery_a spirit_n this_o man_n will_n to_o hurt_n arise_v from_o vain_a glory_n and_o the_o false_a esteem_n he_o have_v of_o his_o own_o strength_n the_o other_o from_o the_o necessity_n of_o defend_v himself_o his_o liberty_n and_o his_o good_n against_o this_o man_n violence_n v._o furthermore_n since_o the_o combat_n of_o wit_n wit_n be_v the_o fierce_a the_o great_a discord_n which_o be_v must_v necessary_o arise_v from_o this_o contention_n for_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v not_o only_o odious_a to_o contend_v against_o but_o also_o not_o to_o consent_v for_o not_o to_o approve_v of_o what_o a_o man_n say_v be_v no_o less_o then_o tacit_o to_o accuse_v he_o of_o a_o error_n in_o that_o thing_n which_o he_o speak_v as_o in_o very_a many_o thing_n to_o dissent_v be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o you_o account_v he_o a_o fool_n who_o you_o dissent_v from_o which_o may_v appear_v hence_o that_o there_o be_v no_o war_n so_o sharp_o wage_v as_o between_o sect_n of_o the_o same_o religion_n and_o faction_n of_o the_o same_o commonweal_n where_o the_o contestation_n be_v either_o concern_v doctrine_n or_o politic_a prudence_n and_o since_o all_o the_o pleasure_n and_o jollity_n of_o the_o mind_n consist_v in_o this_o even_o to_o get_v some_o with_o who_o compare_v it_o may_v find_v somewhat_o wherein_o to_o triumph_n and_o vaunt_v itself_o its_o impossible_a but_o man_n must_v declare_v sometime_o some_o mutual_a scorn_n and_o contempt_n either_o by_o laughter_n or_o by_o word_n or_o by_o gesture_n or_o some_o sign_n or_o other_o than_o which_o there_o be_v no_o great_a vexation_n of_o mind_n and_o then_o from_o which_o there_o can_v possible_o arise_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o do_v hurt_v vi_o but_o the_o most_o frequent_a reason_n why_o thing_n man_n desire_v to_o hurt_v each_o other_o ariseth_z hence_o that_o many_o man_n at_o the_o same_o time_n have_v a_o appetite_n to_o the_o same_o thing_n which_o yet_o very_o often_o they_o can_v neither_o enjoy_v in_o common_a nor_o yet_o divide_v it_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o strong_a must_v have_v
will_v be_v so_o tear_v and_o rend_v as_o they_o will_v neither_o give_v mutual_a help_n nor_o desire_v peace_n except_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o it_o by_o some_o common_a fear_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o consent_n of_o many_o which_o consist_v in_o this_o only_a as_o we_o have_v already_o define_v in_o the_o forego_n section_n that_o they_o direct_v all_o their_o action_n to_o the_o same_o end_n and_o the_o common_a good_a that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o the_o society_n proceed_v from_o mutual_a help_n only_o yield_v not_o that_o security_n which_o they_o seek_v for_o who_o meet_v and_o agree_v in_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o abovenamed_a law_n of_o nature_n but_o that_o somewhat_o else_o must_v be_v do_v that_o those_o who_o have_v once_o consent_v for_o the_o common_a good_a to_o peace_n and_o mutual_a help_n may_v by_o fear_n be_v restrain_v leâ—t_v afterward_o they_o again_o dissent_v when_o their_o private_a interest_n shall_v appear_v discrepant_a from_o the_o common_a good_a v._o aristole_n reckon_v among_o those_o animal_n man_n which_o he_o call_v politic_n not_o man_n only_o but_o divers_a other_o as_o the_o ant_n the_o bee_n etc._n etc._n which_o though_o they_o be_v destitute_a of_o reason_n by_o which_o they_o may_v contract_v and_o submit_v to_o government_n notwithstanding_o by_o consent_v that_o be_v to_o say_v ensue_v or_o eschew_v the_o same_o thing_n they_o so_o direct_v their_o action_n to_o a_o common_a end_n that_o their_o meeting_n be_v not_o obnoxious_a unto_o any_o sedition_n yet_o be_v not_o their_o gather_v together_o a_o civil_a government_n and_o therefore_o those_o animal_n not_o to_o be_v term_v political_a because_o their_o government_n be_v only_o a_o consent_n or_o many_o will_n concur_v in_o one_o object_n not_o as_o be_v necessary_a in_o civil_a government_n one_o will_n it_o be_v very_o true_a that_o in_o those_o creature_n live_v only_o by_o sense_n and_o appetite_n their_o consent_n of_o mind_n be_v so_o durable_a as_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o thing_n more_o to_o secure_v it_o and_o by_o consequence_n to_o preserve_v peace_n among_o they_o then_o bare_o their_o natural_a inclination_n but_o among_o man_n the_o case_n be_v otherwise_o for_o first_o among_o they_o there_o be_v a_o contestation_n of_o honour_n and_o preferment_n among_o beast_n there_o be_v none_o whence_o hatred_n and_o envy_n out_o of_o which_o arise_v sedition_n and_o war_n be_v among_o man_n among_o beast_n no_o such_o matter_n next_o the_o natural_a appetite_n of_o bee_n and_o the_o like_a creature_n be_v conformable_a and_o they_o desire_v the_o common_a good_a which_o among_o they_o differ_v not_o from_o their_o private_a but_o man_n scarce_o esteem_v any_o thing_n good_a which_o have_v not_o somewhat_o of_o eminence_n in_o the_o enjoyment_n more_o than_o that_o which_o other_o do_v possess_v three_o those_o creature_n which_o be_v void_a of_o reason_n see_v no_o defect_n or_o think_v they_o see_v none_o in_o the_o administtation_n of_o their_o commonweal_n but_o in_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n there_o be_v many_o who_o suppose_v themselves_o wise_a than_o other_o endeavour_v to_o innovate_v and_o divers_a innovator_n innovate_v divers_a way_n which_o be_v a_o mere_a distraction_n and_o civil_a war_n four_o these_o brute_n creature_n howsoever_o they_o may_v have_v the_o use_n of_o their_o voice_n to_o signify_v their_o affection_n to_o each_o other_o yet_o want_v they_o that_o same_o art_n of_o word_n which_o be_v necessary_o require_v to_o those_o motion_n in_o the_o mind_n whereby_o good_a be_v represent_v to_o it_o as_o be_v better_o and_o evil_a as_o worse_o than_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v but_o the_o tongue_n of_o man_n be_v a_o trumpet_n of_o war_n and_o sedition_n and_o it_o be_v report_v of_o pericles_n that_o he_o sometime_o by_o his_o elegant_a speech_n thunder_v and_o lighten_v and_o confound_v whole_a greece_n itself_o five_o they_o can_v distinguish_v between_o injury_n and_o harm_n thence_o it_o happen_v that_o as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v well_o with_o they_o they_o blame_v not_o their_o fellow_n but_o those_o man_n be_v of_o most_o trouble_n to_o the_o republic_n who_o have_v most_o leisure_n to_o be_v idle_a for_o they_o use_v not_o to_o contend_v for_o public_a placc_n before_o they_o have_v get_v the_o victory_n over_o hunger_n and_o cold_a last_o of_o all_o the_o consent_n of_o those_o brutal_a creature_n be_v natural_a that_o of_o man_n by_o compact_n only_o that_o be_v to_o say_v artificial_a it_o be_v therefore_o no_o matter_n of_o wonder_n if_o somewhat_o more_o be_v needful_a for_o man_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v live_v in_o peace_n wherefore_o consent_n or_o contract_a society_n without_o some_o common_a power_n whereby_o particular_a man_n may_v be_v rule_v through_o fear_n of_o punishment_n do_v not_o suffice_v to_o make_v up_o that_o security_n which_o be_v requisite_a to_o the_o exercise_n of_o natural_a justice_n vi_o since_o therefore_o the_o conspire_v of_o many_o man_n will_n to_o the_o same_o end_n do_v not_o suffice_v to_o preserve_v peace_n and_o to_o make_v a_o last_a defence_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o in_o those_o necessary_a matter_n which_o concern_v peace_n and_o self-defence_n there_o be_v but_o one_o will_v of_o all_o man_n but_o this_o can_v be_v do_v unless_o every_o man_n will_v so_o subject_v his_o will_n to_o some_o other_o one_o to_o wit_n either_o man_n or_o counsel_n that_o whatsoever_o his_o will_n be_v in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o common_a peace_n it_o be_v receive_v for_o the_o will_n of_o all_o man_n in_o general_a and_o of_o every_o one_o in_o particular_a now_o the_o gather_v together_o of_o many_o man_n who_o deliberate_v of_o what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v or_o not_o to_o be_v do_v for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o all_o man_n be_v that_o which_o i_o call_v a_o counsel_n vii_o this_o submission_n of_o the_o will_n of_o all_o those_o be_v man_n to_o the_o will_n of_o one_o man_n oâ—_n one_o counsel_n be_v then_o make_v when_o each_o one_o of_o they_o oblige_v himself_o by_o contract_n to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o rest_n not_o to_o resist_v the_o will_n of_o that_o one_o man_n or_o counsel_n to_o which_o he_o have_v submit_v himself_o that_o be_v that_o he_o refuse_v he_o not_o the_o use_n of_o his_o wealth_n and_o strength_n against_o any_o oâ—hers_n whatsoever_o for_o he_o be_v suppose_v still_o to_o retain_v a_o right_n of_o defend_v himself_o against_o violence_n and_o this_o be_v call_v union_n but_o we_o understand_v that_o to_o be_v the_o will_n of_o the_o counsel_n which_o be_v the_o will_n of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o those_o man_n of_o who_o the_o counsel_n consist_v viii_o but_o though_o the_o will_n itself_o be_v not_o voluntary_a one_o but_o only_o the_o begin_n of_o voluntary_a action_n for_o we_o will_v not_o to_o will_v but_o to_o act_v and_o therefore_o fall_v least_o of_o all_o under_o deliberation_n and_o compact_a yet_o he_o who_o submit_v his_o will_n to_o the_o will_n of_o a_o other_o convey_v to_o that_o other_o the_o right_n of_o his_o strength_n and_o faculty_n insomuch_o as_o when_o the_o rest_n have_v do_v the_o same_o he_o to_o who_o they_o have_v submit_v have_v so_o much_o power_n as_o by_o the_o terror_n of_o it_o he_o can_v conform_v the_o will_n of_o particular_a man_n unto_o unity_n and_o concord_n ix_o now_o union_n thus_o make_v be_v call_v a_o city_n be_v or_o civil_a society_n and_o also_o a_o civil_a person_n for_o when_o there_o be_v one_o will_v of_o all_o man_n it_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v for_o one_o person_n and_o by_o the_o word_n one_o it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v and_o distinguish_v from_o all_o particular_a man_n as_o have_v its_o own_o right_n and_o property_n insomuch_o as_o neither_o any_o one_o citizen_n nor_o all_o of_o they_o together_o if_o we_o except_v he_o who_o will_n stand_v for_o the_o will_n of_o all_o be_v to_o be_v account_v the_o city_n a_o city_n therefore_o that_o we_o may_v define_v it_o be_v one_o person_n who_o will_n by_o the_o compact_n of_o many_o man_n be_v to_o be_v receive_v for_o the_o will_n of_o they_o all_o so_o as_o he_o may_v use_v all_o the_o power_n and_o faculty_n of_o each_o particular_a person_n to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o peace_n and_o for_o common_a defence_n x._o but_o although_o every_o city_n be_v a_o civil_a be_v person_n yet_o every_o civil_a person_n be_v not_o a_o city_n for_o it_o may_v happen_v that_o many_o citizen_n by_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o city_n may_v join_v together_o in_o one_o person_n for_o the_o do_v of_o certain_a thing_n these_o now_o will_v be_v civil_a person_n as_o the_o company_n of_o merchant_n and_o many_o other_o convent_v but_o city_n they_o be_v not_o because_o they_o have_v not_o submit_v
themselves_o to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o company_n simple_o and_o in_o all_o thing_n but_o in_o certain_a thing_n only_o determine_v by_o the_o city_n and_o on_o such_o termeâ—_n as_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o one_o of_o they_o to_o contend_v in_o judgement_n against_o the_o body_n itself_o of_o the_o sodality_n which_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n allowable_a to_o a_o citizen_n against_o the_o city_n such_o like_a society_n therefore_o be_v civil_a person_n subordinate_a to_o the_o city_n xi_o in_o every_o city_n that_o man_n or_o counsel_n subject_a to_o who_o will_n each_o particular_a man_n have_v subject_v his_o will_n so_o as_o have_v be_v declare_v be_v say_v to_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n or_o chief_a command_n or_o dominion_n which_o power_n and_o right_o of_o command_v consist_v in_o this_o that_o each_o citizen_n have_v convey_v all_o his_o strength_n and_o power_n to_o that_o man_n oâ—_n counsel_n which_o to_o have_v do_v because_o no_o man_n can_v transfer_v his_o power_n in_o a_o natural_a manner_n be_v nothing_o else_o then_o to_o have_v part_v with_o his_o right_n of_o resist_v each_o citizen_n as_o also_o every_o subordinate_a civil_a person_n be_v call_v the_o subject_a of_o he_o who_o have_v the_o chief_a command_n xii_o by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o be_v sufficient_o institution_n show_v in_o what_o manner_n and_o by_o what_o degree_n many_o natural_a person_n through_o desire_n of_o preserve_v themselves_o and_o by_o mumutuall_a fear_n have_v grow_v together_o into_o a_o civil_a person_n who_o we_o have_v call_v a_o city_n but_o they_o who_o submit_v themselves_o to_o another_o for_o fear_n either_o submit_v to_o he_o who_o they_o fear_v or_o some_o other_o who_o they_o confide_v in_o for_o protection_n they_o act_n according_a to_o the_o first_o manner_n who_o be_v vanquish_v in_o war_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v slay_v they_o according_a to_o the_o second_o who_o be_v not_o yet_o overcome_v that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v overcome_v the_o first_o manner_n receive_v its_o beginning_n from_o natural_a power_n and_o may_v be_v call_v the_o natural_a beginning_n of_o a_o city_n the_o latter_a from_o the_o counsel_n and_o constitution_n of_o those_o who_o meet_v together_o which_o be_v a_o beginning_n by_o institution_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o city_n the_o one_o natural_a such_o as_o be_v the_o paternal_a and_o despoticall_a the_o other_o institutive_a which_o may_v be_v also_o call_v political_a in_o the_o first_o the_o lord_n acquire_v to_o himself_o such_o citizen_n as_o he_o will_v in_o the_o other_o the_o citizen_n by_o their_o own_o will_n appoint_v a_o lord_n over_o themselves_o whether_o he_o be_v one_o man_n or_o one_o company_n of_o man_n endue_v with_o the_o command_n in_o chief_a but_o we_o will_v speak_v in_o the_o first_o place_n of_o a_o city_n political_a or_o by_o institution_n and_o next_o of_o a_o city_n natural_a chap._n vi_o of_o the_o right_n of_o he_o whether_o counsel_n or_o one_o man_n only_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o the_o city_n i._o there_o can_v noâ—_n right_o be_v attribute_v to_o a_o multitude_n out_o of_o civil_a society_n nor_o any_o action_n to_o which_o they_o have_v not_o under_o seal_n consent_v ii_o the_o right_n of_o the_o great_a number_n consent_v be_v the_o begin_n of_o a_o city_n iii_o that_o every_o man_n retain_v a_o right_a to_o protect_v himself_o according_a to_o his_o own_o free_a will_n so_o long_o as_o there_o be_v no_o sufficient_a regard_n have_v to_o his_o security_n iv._o that_o a_o coercive_a power_n be_v necessary_a to_o secure_v we_o v._o what_o the_o sword_n of_o justice_n be_v vi_o that_o the_o sword_n of_o justice_n belong_v to_o he_o who_o have_v the_o chief_a command_n vii_o that_o the_o sword_n of_o war_n belong_v to_o he_o also_o viii_o all_o judicature_n belong_v to_o he_o too_o ix_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v his_o only_a x._o the_o name_n of_o magistrate_n and_o other_o officer_n of_o the_o city_n belong_v to_o he_o xi_o also_o the_o examination_n of_o all_o doctrine_n xii_o whatsoever_o he_o do_v be_v unpunishable_a xiii_o that_o the_o command_v his_o citizen_n have_v grant_v be_v absolute_a and_o what_o proportion_n of_o obedience_n be_v due_a to_o he_o fourteen_o the_o law_n of_o the_o city_n bind_v he_o not_o xv._n that_o no_o man_n can_v challenge_v a_o propriety_n to_o any_o thing_n against_o his_o will_n xvi_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o city_n only_o we_o come_v to_o know_v what_o theft_n murder_n adultery_n and_o injury_n be_v xvii_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o who_o will_v constitute_v a_o city_n where_o there_o be_v no_o body_n shall_v have_v a_o absolute_a power_n xviii_o the_o mark_n of_o supreme_a authority_n xix_o if_o a_o city_n be_v compare_v with_o a_o man_n he_o that_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n be_v in_o order_n to_o the_o city_n as_o the_o humane_a soul_n be_v in_o relation_n to_o the_o man._n xx._n that_o the_o supreme_a command_n can_v by_o right_o be_v dissolve_v through_o their_o consent_n by_o who_o compact_n it_o be_v first_o constitute_v i._o we_o must_v consider_v first_o of_o all_o consent_n what_o he_o *_o multitude_n of_o man_n gather_v themselves_o of_o their_o own_o free_a will_n into_o society_n be_v namely_o that_o it_o be_v not_o any_o one_o body_n but_o many_o man_n whereof_o each_o one_o have_v his_o own_o will_n and_o his_o peculiar_a judgement_n concern_v all_o thing_n that_o may_v be_v propose_v and_o though_o by_o particular_a contract_n each_o single_a man_n may_v have_v his_o own_o right_a and_o propriety_n so_o as_o one_o may_v say_v this_o be_v i_o the_o other_o that_o be_v he_o yet_o will_v there_o not_o be_v any_o thing_n of_o which_o the_o whole_a multitude_n as_o a_o person_n distinct_a from_o a_o single_a man_n can_v right_o say_v this_o be_v i_o more_o than_o another_o neither_o must_v we_o ascribe_v any_o action_n to_o the_o multitude_n as_o it_o be_v one_o but_o if_o all_o or_o more_o of_o they_o do_v agree_v it_o will_v not_o be_v a_o action_n but_o as_o many_o action_n as_o men._n for_o although_o in_o some_o great_a sedition_n it_o be_v common_o say_v that_o the_o people_n of_o that_o city_n have_v take_v up_o arm_n yet_o be_v it_o true_a of_o those_o only_o who_o be_v in_o arm_n or_o who_o consent_n to_o they_o for_o the_o city_n which_o be_v one_o person_n can_v take_v up_o arm_n against_o itself_o whatsoever_o therefore_o be_v do_v by_o the_o multitude_n must_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v do_v by_o every_o one_o of_o those_o by_o who_o it_o be_v make_v up_o and_o that_o he_o who_o be_v in_o the_o multitude_n and_o yet_o consent_v not_o nor_o give_v any_o help_n to_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v do_v by_o it_o must_v be_v judge_v to_o have_v do_v nothing_o beside_o in_o a_o multitude_n not_o yet_o reduce_v into_o one_o person_n in_o that_o manner_n as_o have_v be_v say_v there_o remain_v that_o same_o â—…te_n of_o nature_n in_o which_o all_o thing_n belong_v to_o all_o man_n and_o there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o meum_fw-la &_o tuum_fw-la which_o be_v call_v dominion_n and_o propriety_n by_o reason_n that_o that_o security_n be_v not_o yet_o extant_a which_o we_o have_v declare_v above_o to_o be_v necessary_o requisite_a for_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o natural_a law_n multitude_n etc._n etc._n the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o annotation_n power_n of_o a_o city_n over_o its_o citizen_n almost_o whole_o depend_v on_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o difference_n which_o be_v between_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n rule_v and_o a_o multitude_n rule_v for_o such_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o city_n that_o a_o multitude_n or_o company_n of_o citizen_n not_o only_o may_v have_v command_n but_o may_v also_o be_v subject_a to_o command_v but_o in_o diverse_a sense_n which_o difference_n i_o do_v believe_v be_v clear_o enough_o explain_v in_o this_o first_o article_n but_o by_o the_o objection_n of_o many_o against_o those_o thing_n which_o follow_v i_o discern_v otherwise_o wherefore_o it_o seem_v good_a to_o i_o to_o the_o end_n i_o may_v make_v a_o full_a explication_n to_o add_v these_o few_o thing_n by_o multitude_n because_o it_o be_v a_o collective_a word_n we_o understand_v more_o than_o one_o so_o as_o a_o multitude_n of_o meâ—_n be_v the_o same_o with_o many_o meâ—_n the_o same_o word_n because_o it_o be_v of_o the_o singular_a number_n signify_v one_o thing_n namely_o one_o multitude_n but_o in_o neither_o sense_n can_v a_o multitude_n be_v understand_v to_o have_v one_o will_v give_v to_o it_o by_o nature_n but_o to_o either_o a_o several_a and_o therefore_o neither_o be_v any_o one_o action_n whatsoever_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o it_o wherefore_o a_o multitude_n can_v promisâ—_n contract_n acquire_v right_o
that_o all_o controversy_n be_v breed_v from_o hence_o that_o the_o opinion_n of_o man_n differ_v concern_v meum_fw-la &_o tuum_fw-la just_a and_o unjust_a profitable_a and_o unprofitable_a good_a and_o evil_a honest_a and_o dishonest_a and_o the_o like_a which_o every_o man_n esteem_v according_a to_o his_o own_o judgement_n it_o belong_v to_o the_o same_o chief_a power_n to_o make_v some_o common_a rule_n for_o all_o man_n and_o to_o declare_v they_o public_o by_o which_o every_o man_n may_v know_v what_o may_v be_v call_v he_o what_o another_o what_o just_o what_o unjust_a what_o honest_a what_o dishonest_a what_o good_a what_o evil_a that_o be_v summary_o what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v what_o to_o be_v avoid_v in_o our_o common_a course_n of_o life_n but_o those_o rule_n and_o measure_n be_v usual_o call_v the_o civil_a law_n or_o the_o law_n of_o the_o city_n as_o be_v the_o command_v of_o he_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o we_o may_v define_v they_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o command_n of_o he_o who_o have_v the_o chief_a authority_n in_o the_o city_n for_o direction_n of_o the_o future_a action_n of_o his_o citizen_n x._o furthermore_n since_o the_o affair_n of_o also_o the_o city_n both_o those_o of_o war_n and_o peace_n can_v possible_o be_v all_o administer_v by_o one_o man_n or_o one_o counsel_n without_o officer_n and_o subordinate_a magistrate_n and_o that_o it_o appertain_v to_o peace_n and_o common_a defence_n that_o they_o to_o who_o it_o belong_v just_o to_o judge_v of_o controversy_n to_o search_v into_o neighbour_a counsel_n prudent_o to_o wage_v war_n and_o on_o all_o hand_n wary_o to_o attend_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o city_n shall_v also_o right_o exercise_v their_o office_n it_o be_v consonant_a to_o reason_n that_o they_o depend_v on_o and_o be_v choose_v by_o he_o who_o have_v the_o chief_a command_n both_o in_o war_n and_o in_o peace_n xi_o it_o be_v also_o manifest_a that_o all_o voluntary_a action_n have_v their_o beginning_n from_o and_o likewise_o necessary_o depend_v on_o the_o will_n and_o that_o the_o will_n of_o do_v or_o omit_v aught_o depend_v on_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o good_a and_o evil_a of_o the_o reward_n or_o punishment_n which_o a_o man_n conceive_v he_o shall_v receive_v by_o the_o act_n or_o omission_n so_o as_o the_o action_n of_o all_o man_n be_v rule_v by_o the_o opinion_n of_o each_o wherefore_o by_o evident_a and_o necessary_a inference_n we_o may_v understand_v that_o it_o very_o much_o concern_v the_o interest_n of_o peace_n that_o no_o opinion_n or_o doctrine_n be_v deliver_v to_o citizen_n by_o which_o they_o may_v imagine_v that_o either_o by_o right_n they_o may_v not_o obey_v the_o law_n of_o the_o city_n that_o be_v the_o command_n of_o that_o man_n or_o counsel_n to_o who_o the_o supreme_a power_n be_v commit_v or_o that_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o to_o resist_v he_o or_o that_o a_o less_o punishment_n remain_v for_o he_o that_o deny_v then_o he_o that_o yield_v obedience_n for_o if_o one_o command_v somewhat_o to_o be_v do_v under_o penalty_n of_o natural_a death_n another_o forbid_v it_o under_o pain_n of_o eternal_a death_n and_o both_o by_o their_o own_o right_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o citizen_n although_o innocent_a be_v not_o only_o by_o right_o punishable_a but_o that_o the_o city_n itself_o be_v altogether_o dissolve_v for_o no_o man_n can_v serve_v two_o master_n nor_o be_v he_o less_o but_o rather_o more_o a_o master_n who_o we_o believe_v we_o be_v to_o obey_v for_o fear_n of_o damnation_n than_o he_o who_o we_o obey_v for_o fear_v of_o temporal_a death_n it_o follow_v therefore_o that_o this_o one_o whether_o man_n or_o court_n to_o who_o the_o city_n have_v commit_v the_o supreme_a power_n have_v also_o this_o right_n that_o he_o both_o *_o judge_v what_o opinion_n and_o doctrine_n be_v enemy_n unto_o peace_n and_o also_o that_o he_o forbid_v they_o to_o be_v teach_v judge_n what_o opinion_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o principle_n neither_o in_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n annotation_n nor_o humane_a science_n from_o whence_o there_o may_v not_o spring_v dissension_n discord_n reproach_n and_o by_o degree_n war_n itself_o neither_o dâ—th_v this_o happen_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o falsehood_n of_o the_o principle_n but_o of_o the_o disposition_n of_o man_n who_o seem_v wise_a to_o themselves_o will_v needs_o appear_v such_o to_o all_o other_o but_o though_o such_o dissension_n can_v be_v hinder_v from_o arise_v yet_o may_v they_o be_v restrain_v by_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n that_o they_o prove_v no_o hindrance_n to_o the_o public_a peace_n of_o these_o kind_n of_o opinion_n therefore_o i_o have_v not_o speak_v of_o in_o this_o place_n there_o be_v certain_a doctrine_n wherewith_o subject_n be_v taint_v they_o very_o believe_v that_o obedience_n may_v be_v refuse_v to_o the_o city_n and_o that_o by_o right_o they_o may_v nay_o oughts_z to_o oppose_v and_o fight_v against_o chief_a prince_n and_o dignity_n such_o be_v those_o which_o whether_o direct_o and_o open_o or_o more_o obscure_o and_o by_o consequence_n require_v obedience_n to_o be_v give_v to_o other_o beside_o they_o to_o who_o the_o supreme_a authority_n be_v commit_v i_o deny_v not_o but_o this_o reflect_v on_o that_o power_n which_o many_o live_n under_o other_o government_n ascribe_v to_o the_o chief_a head_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o also_o on_o that_o which_o elsewhere_o out_o of_o that_o church_n bishop_n require_v in_o they_o to_o be_v give_v to_o they_o and_o last_o of_o all_o on_o that_o liberty_n which_o the_o low_a sort_n of_o citizen_n under_o pretence_n of_o religion_n do_v challenge_v to_o themselves_o for_o what_o civil_a war_n be_v there_o ever_o in_o the_o christian_a world_n which_o do_v not_o either_o grow_v from_o or_o be_v nourish_v by_o this_o root_n the_o judgement_n therefore_o of_o doctrine_n whether_o they_o be_v repugnant_a to_o civil_a obedience_n or_o not_o and_o if_o they_o be_v repugnant_a the_o power_n of_o prohibit_v they_o to_o be_v teach_v i_o do_v here_o attribute_v to_o the_o civil_a authority_n for_o since_o there_o be_v no_o man_n who_o grant_v not_o to_o the_o city_n the_o judgement_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o belong_v to_o its_o peace_n and_o defence_n anâ—_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o opinion_n which_o i_o have_v already_o recite_v do_v relate_v to_o its_o peace_n it_o follow_v necessary_o that_o the_o examination_n of_o those_o opinion_n whether_o they_o be_v such_o or_o not_o must_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o city_n that_o be_v to_o he_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a authority_n unpunishable_a xii_o last_o of_o all_o from_o this_o consideration_n that_o each_o citizen_n have_v submit_v his_o will_n to_o his_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a command_n in_o the_o city_n so_o as_o he_o may_v not_o employ_v his_o strength_n against_o he_o it_o follow_v manifest_o that_o whatsoever_o shall_v be_v do_v by_o he_o who_o command_v must_v not_o be_v punish_v for_o as_o he_o who_o have_v not_o power_n enough_o can_v punish_v he_o natural_o so_o neither_o can_v he_o punish_v he_o by_o right_n who_o by_o right_n have_v not_o sufficient_a power_n xiii_o it_o be_v most_o manifest_a by_o what_o have_v he_o be_v say_v that_o in_o every_o perfect_a city_n that_o be_v where_o no_o citizen_n have_v right_o to_o use_v his_o faculty_n at_o his_o own_o discretion_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o himself_o or_o where_o the_o right_a of_o the_o private_a sword_n be_v exclude_v there_o be_v a_o supreme_a power_n in_o some_o one_o great_a then_o which_o can_v by_o right_o be_v confer_v by_o man_n or_o great_a then_o which_o no_o mortal_a man_n can_v have_v over_o himself_o but_o that_o power_n great_a then_o which_o can_v by_o man_n be_v convey_v on_o a_o man_n we_o call_v *_o absolute_a for_o whosoever_o have_v so_o submit_v his_o will_n to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o city_n that_o he_o can_v unpunished_a dâ—e_v any_o thing_n make_v law_n judge_v controversy_n set_v penalty_n make_v use_n at_o his_o own_o pleasure_n of_o the_o strength_n and_o wealth_n of_o man_n and_o all_o this_o by_o right_n true_o he_o have_v give_v he_o the_o great_a dominion_n that_o can_v be_v grant_v this_o same_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o experience_n in_o all_o the_o city_n which_o be_v or_o ever_o have_v be_v for_o though_o it_o be_v sometime_o in_o doubt_n what_o man_n or_o counsel_n have_v the_o chief_a command_n yet_o ever_o there_o be_v such_o a_o command_n and_o always_o exercise_v except_o in_o the_o time_n of_o sedition_n and_o civil_a war_n and_o then_o there_o be_v two_o chief_a command_v make_v out_o of_o one_o now_o those_o seditious_a person_n who_o dispute_v against_o absolute_a authority_n
do_v not_o so_o much_o care_n to_o destroy_v it_o as_o to_o convey_v it_o on_o other_o for_o remove_v this_o power_n they_o together_o take_v away_o civil_a society_n and_o a_o confusion_n of_o all_o thing_n return_n there_o be_v so_o much_o obedience_n join_v to_o this_o absolute_a right_n of_o the_o chief_a ruler_n as_o be_v necessary_o require_v for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n that_o be_v to_o say_v so_o much_o as_o that_o right_n of_o his_o may_v not_o be_v grant_v in_o vain_a now_o this_o kind_n of_o obedience_n although_o for_o some_o reason_n it_o may_v sometime_o by_o right_a be_v deny_v yet_o because_o a_o great_a can_v be_v perform_v we_o will_v call_v it_o simple_z but_o the_o obligation_n to_o perform_v this_o grow_v not_o immediate_o from_o that_o contract_n by_o which_o we_o have_v convey_v all_o our_o right_n on_o the_o city_n but_o mediate_o from_o hence_o that_o without_o obedience_n the_o city_n right_o will_v be_v frustrate_a and_o by_o consequence_n there_o will_v be_v no_o city_n constitute_v for_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n if_o i_o say_v i_o give_v you_o right_o to_o command_v what_o you_o will_v another_o if_o i_o say_v i_o will_v do_v whatsoever_o you_o command_v and_o the_o command_n may_v be_v such_o as_o i_o will_v rather_o die_v then_o do_v it_o forasmuch_o therefore_o as_o no_o man_n can_v be_v bind_v to_o will_n be_v kill_v much_o less_o be_v he_o tie_v to_o that_o which_o to_o he_o be_v worse_a than_o death_n if_o therefore_o i_o be_v command_v to_o kill_v myself_o i_o be_o not_o bind_v to_o do_v it_o for_o though_o i_o deny_v to_o do_v it_o yet_o the_o right_n of_o dominion_n be_v not_o frustrate_v since_o other_o may_v be_v find_v who_o be_v command_v will_v not_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o neither_o do_v i_o refuse_v to_o do_v that_o which_o i_o have_v contract_v to_o do_v in_o like_a manner_n if_o the_o chief_a ruler_n command_v any_o man_n to_o kill_v he_o he_o be_v not_o tie_v to_o do_v it_o because_o it_o can_v be_v conceive_v that_o he_o make_v any_o such_o covenant_n nor_o if_o he_o command_v to_o execute_v a_o parent_n whether_o he_o be_v innocent_a or_o guilty_a and_o condemn_v by_o the_o law_n since_o there_o be_v other_o who_o be_v command_v will_v do_v that_o and_o a_o son_n will_v rather_o die_v then_o live_v infamous_a and_o hate_v of_o all_o the_o world_n there_o be_v many_o other_o case_n in_o which_o since_o the_o command_n be_v shameful_a to_o be_v do_v by_o some_o and_o not_o by_o other_o obedience_n may_v by_o right_a be_v perform_v by_o these_o and_o refuse_v by_o those_o and_o this_o without_o breach_n of_o that_o absolute_a right_n which_o be_v give_v to_o the_o chief_a ruler_n for_o in_o no_o case_n be_v the_o right_o take_v away_o from_o he_o of_o slay_v those_o who_o shall_v refuse_v to_o obey_v he_o but_o they_o who_o thus_o kill_v man_n although_o by_o right_o give_v they_o from_o he_o that_o have_v it_o yet_o if_o they_o use_v that_o right_o otherwise_o then_o right_a reason_n require_v they_o sin_n against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o be_v against_o god_n absolute_a a_o popular_a state_n open_o challenge_v annotation_n absolute_a dominion_n and_o the_o citizen_n oppose_v it_o not_o for_o in_o the_o gather_n together_o of_o many_o man_n they_o acknowledge_v the_o face_n of_o a_o city_n and_o even_o the_o unskilful_a understand_v that_o matter_n there_o be_v rule_v by_o counsel_n yet_o monarchy_n be_v no_o less_o a_o city_n then_o democraâ—y_o and_o absolute_a king_n have_v their_o counselor_n from_o who_o they_o will_v take_v advice_n and_o suffer_v their_o power_n in_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n to_o be_v guide_v but_o not_o recall_v but_o it_o appear_v not_o to_o most_o man_n how_o a_o city_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o person_n of_o a_o king_n and_o therefore_o they_o object_n against_o absolute_a command_n first_o that_o if_o any_o man_n have_v such_o a_o right_n the_o condition_n of_o the_o citizen_n will_v be_v miserable_a for_o thus_o they_o think_v he_o will_v take_v all_o spoil_v all_o kill_v all_o and_o every_o man_n count_v it_o his_o only_a happiness_n that_o he_o be_v not_o already_o spoil_v and_o kill_v but_o why_o shall_v he_o do_v thus_o not_o because_o he_o can_v for_o unless_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o it_o he_o will_v not_o do_v it_o will_v he_o to_o please_v one_o or_o some_o few_o spoil_v all_o the_o rest_n first_o though_o by_o right_n that_o be_v without_o injury_n to_o they_o he_o may_v do_v it_o yet_o can_v he_o not_o do_v it_o just_o that_o be_v without_o breach_n of_o the_o natural_a law_n and_o injury_n against_o god_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v some_o security_n for_o subject_n in_o the_o oath_n which_o prince_n take_v next_o if_o he_o can_v just_o do_v it_o or_o that_o he_o make_v no_o account_n of_o his_o oath_n yet_o appear_v there_o no_o reason_n why_o he_o shall_v desire_v it_o since_o he_o find_v no_o good_a in_o it_o but_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o a_o prince_n may_v sometime_o have_v a_o inclination_n to_o do_v wicked_o but_o grant_v then_o that_o thou_o have_v give_v he_o a_o power_n which_o be_v not_o absolute_a but_o so_o much_o only_o as_o suffice_v to_o defend_v thou_o from_o the_o injury_n of_o other_o which_o if_o thou_o will_v be_v safe_a be_v necessary_a for_o thou_o to_o give_v be_v not_o all_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v fear_v for_o he_o that_o have_v strength_n enough_o to_o protect_v all_o want_v not_o sufficiency_n to_o oppress_v all_o here_o be_v no_o other_o difficulty_n then_o but_o that_o humane_a affair_n can_v be_v without_o some_o inconvenience_n and_o this_o inconvenience_n itself_o be_v in_o the_o citizen_n not_o in_o the_o government_n for_o if_o man_n can_v rule_v themselves_o every_o man_n by_o his_o own_o command_n that_o be_v to_o say_v can_v they_o live_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n there_o will_v be_v no_o need_n at_o all_o of_o a_o city_n nor_o of_o a_o common_a coercive_a power_n second_o they_o object_n that_o there_o be_v no_o dominion_n in_o the_o christian_a world_n absolute_a which_o indeed_o be_v not_o true_a for_o all_o monarchy_n and_o all_o other_o state_n be_v so_o for_o although_o they_o who_o have_v the_o chief_a command_n doâ—_n not_o all_o those_o thing_n they_o will_v and_o what_o they_o know_v profitable_a to_o the_o city_n the_o reason_n of_o that_o be_v not_o the_o defect_n of_o right_n in_o they_o but_o the_o consideration_n of_o their_o citizen_n who_o busy_v about_o their_o private_a interest_n and_o careless_a of_o what_o tend_v to_o the_o public_a can_v sometime_o be_v draw_v to_o perform_v their_o duty_n without_o the_o hazard_n of_o the_o city_n wherefore_o prince_n sometime_o forbear_v the_o exercise_n of_o their_o right_n and_o prudent_o remit_v somewhat_o of_o the_o act_n but_o nothing_o of_o their_o right_n fourteen_o neither_o can_v any_o man_n give_v somewhat_o to_o himself_o for_o he_o be_v already_o city_n suppose_v to_o have_v what_o he_o can_v give_v himself_o nor_o can_v he_o be_v oblige_v to_o himself_o for_o the_o same_o party_n be_v both_o the_o oblige_v and_o the_o obliger_n and_o the_o obliger_n have_v power_n to_o release_v the_o oblige_v it_o be_v mere_o in_o vain_a for_o a_o man_n to_o be_v oblige_v to_o himself_o because_o he_o can_v release_v himself_o at_o his_o own_o pleasure_n and_o he_o that_o can_v do_v this_o be_v already_o actual_o free_a whence_o its_o plain_a that_o the_o city_n be_v not_o tie_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v the_o law_n of_o the_o city_n by_o which_o if_o she_o be_v engage_v she_o shall_v be_v engage_v to_o herself_o neither_o can_v the_o city_n be_v oblige_v to_o her_o citizen_n because_o if_o he_o will_v he_o can_v free_v she_o from_o her_o obligation_n and_o he_o will_v as_o oft_o as_o she_o will_v for_o the_o will_n of_o every_o citizen_n be_v in_o all_o thing_n comprehend_v in_o the_o will_n of_o the_o city_n the_o city_n therefore_o be_v free_a when_o she_o please_v that_o be_v she_o be_v now_o actual_o free_a but_o the_o will_n of_o a_o council_n or_o one_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a authority_n give_v he_o be_v the_o will_n of_o the_o city_n he_o therefore_o contain_v the_o will_n of_o all_o particular_a citizen_n therefore_o neither_o be_v he_o bind_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o this_o be_v to_o be_v bind_v to_o himself_o nor_o to_o any_o of_o his_o citizen_n xv._n now_o because_o as_o have_v be_v show_v power_n above_o before_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o city_n all_o thing_n belong_v to_o all_o man_n nor_o be_v there_o that_o thing_n which_o any_o man_n can_v so_o call_v he_o as_o any_o other_o may_v not_o by_o the_o same_o
inflict_v on_o they_o who_o shall_v break_v they_o to_o which_o purpose_n and_o also_o to_o the_o repel_v of_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n they_o appoint_v a_o certain_a and_o limit_a return_n with_o this_o condition_n that_o if_o that_o suffice_v not_o they_o may_v call_v a_o new_a convention_n of_o estate_n who_o see_v not_o in_o a_o city_n thus_o constitute_v that_o the_o assembly_n who_o prescribe_v those_o thing_n have_v a_o absolute_a power_n if_o therefore_o the_o assembly_n continue_v or_o from_o time_n to_o time_n have_v a_o certain_a day_n and_o place_n of_o meeting_n that_o power_n will_v be_v perpetual_a but_o if_o they_o whole_o dissolve_v either_o the_o city_n dissolve_v with_o they_o and_o so_o all_o be_v return_v to_o the_o state_n of_o war_n or_o else_o there_o be_v some_o where_o a_o power_n leave_v to_o punish_v those_o who_o shall_v transgress_v the_o law_n whosoever_o or_o how_o many_o soever_o they_o be_v that_o have_v it_o which_o can_v possible_o be_v without_o a_o absolute_a power_n for_o he_o that_o by_o right_n have_v this_o might_n give_v by_o punishment_n to_o restrain_v what_o citizen_n he_o please_v have_v such_o a_o power_n as_o a_o great_a can_v possible_o be_v give_v by_o any_o citizen_n xviii_o it_o be_v therefore_o manifest_a that_o authority_n in_o every_o city_n there_o be_v some_o one_o man_n or_o council_n or_o court_n who_o by_o right_n have_v as_o great_a a_o power_n over_o each_o single_a citizen_n as_o each_o man_n have_v over_o himself_o consider_v out_o of_o that_o civil_a state_n that_o be_v supreme_a and_o absolute_a to_o be_v limit_v only_o by_o the_o strength_n and_o force_n of_o the_o city_n itself_o and_o by_o nothing_o else_o in_o the_o world_n for_o if_o his_o power_n be_v limit_v that_o limitation_n must_v necessary_o proceed_v from_o some_o great_a power_n for_o he_o that_o prescribe_v limit_n must_v have_v a_o great_a power_n than_o he_o who_o be_v confine_v by_o they_o now_o that_o confine_a power_n be_v either_o without_o limit_n or_o be_v again_o restrain_v by_o some_o other_o great_a than_o itself_o and_o so_o we_o shall_v at_o length_n arrive_v to_o a_o power_n which_o have_v no_o other_o limit_n but_o that_o which_o be_v the_o terminus_fw-la vltimus_fw-la of_o the_o force_n of_o all_o the_o citizen_n together_o that_o same_o be_v call_v the_o supreme_a command_n and_o if_o it_o be_v commit_v to_o a_o council_n a_o supreme_a council_n but_o if_o to_o one_o man_n the_o supreme_a lord_n of_o the_o city_n now_o the_o note_n of_o supreme_a command_n be_v these_o to_o make_v and_o abrogate_v law_n to_o determine_v war_n and_o peace_n to_o know_v and_o judge_v of_o all_o controversy_n either_o by_o himself_o or_o by_o judge_n appoint_v by_o he_o to_o elect_v all_o magistrate_n minister_n and_o counsellor_n last_o if_o there_o be_v any_o man_n who_o by_o right_o can_v do_v some_o one_o action_n which_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o citizen_n or_o citizen_n to_o do_v beside_o himself_o that_o man_n have_v obtain_v the_o supreme_a power_n for_o those_o thing_n which_o by_o right_o may_v not_o be_v do_v by_o any_o one_o or_o many_o citizen_n the_o city_n itself_o can_v only_o do_v he_o therefore_o that_o do_v those_o thing_n use_v the_o city_n right_o which_o be_v the_o supreme_a power_n xix_o they_o who_o compare_v a_o city_n and_o 1._o its_o citizen_n with_o a_o man_n and_o his_o member_n almost_o all_o say_v that_o he_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o the_o city_n be_v in_o relation_n to_o the_o whole_a city_n such_o as_o the_o head_n be_v to_o the_o whole_a man_n but_o it_o appear_v by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v that_o he_o who_o be_v endue_v with_o such_o a_o power_n whether_o it_o be_v a_o man_n or_o a_o court_n have_v a_o relation_n to_o the_o city_n not_o as_o that_o of_o the_o head_n but_o of_o the_o soul_n to_o the_o body_n for_o it_o be_v the_o soul_n by_o which_o a_o man_n have_v a_o will_n that_o be_v can_v either_o will_n or_o will_z so_o by_o he_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n and_o no_o otherwise_o the_o city_n have_v a_o will_n and_o can_v either_o will_n or_o will_v a_o court_n of_o counsellor_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o head_n or_o one_o counsellor_n who_o only_a counsel_n if_o of_o any_o one_o alone_o the_o chief_a ruler_n make_v use_v of_o in_o matter_n of_o great_a moment_n for_o the_o office_n of_o the_o head_n be_v to_o counsel_n as_o the_o soul_n be_v to_o command_v xx._n for_o asmuch_o as_o the_o supreme_a command_n coâ—…tuted_v be_v constitute_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o compact_n which_o each_o single_a citizen_n or_o subject_n mutual_o make_v with_o the_o other_o but_o all_o contract_n as_o they_o receive_v their_o force_n from_o the_o contractor_n so_o by_o their_o consent_n they_o lose_v it_o again_o and_o be_v break_v perhaps_o some_o may_v infer_v hence_o that_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o subject_n together_o the_o supreme_a authority_n may_v be_v whole_o take_v away_o which_o inference_n if_o it_o be_v true_a i_o can_v discern_v whaâ—_n danger_n will_v thence_o by_o right_o arise_v to_o the_o supreme_a commander_n for_o since_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o each_o one_o have_v oblige_v himself_o to_o each_o other_o if_o any_o one_o of_o they_o shall_v refuse_v whatsoever_o the_o rest_n shall_v agree_v to_o do_v he_o be_v bind_v notwithstanding_o neither_o can_v any_o man_n without_o injury_n to_o i_o do_v that_o which_o by_o contract_n make_v with_o i_o he_o have_v oblige_v himself_o not_o to_o do_v but_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o ever_o it_o will_v happen_v that_o all_o the_o subject_n together_o not_o so_o much_o as_o one_o except_v will_v combine_v against_o the_o supreme_a power_n wherefore_o there_o be_v no_o fear_n for_o ruler_n in_o chief_a that_o by_o any_o right_n they_o can_v be_v despoil_a of_o their_o authority_n if_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o their_o right_n depend_v only_o on_o that_o contract_n which_o each_o man_n make_v with_o his_o fellow-citizen_n it_o may_v very_o easy_o happen_v that_o they_o may_v be_v rob_v of_o that_o dominion_n under_o pretence_n of_o right_n for_o subject_n be_v call_v either_o by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o city_n or_o seditious_o flock_v together_o most_o man_n think_v that_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o great_a part_n which_o in_o truth_n be_v false_a for_o it_o be_v not_o from_o nature_n that_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o major_a part_n shall_v be_v receive_v for_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o neither_o be_v it_o true_a in_o tumult_n but_o it_o proceed_v from_o civil_a institution_n and_o be_v then_o only_o true_a when_o that_o man_n or_o court_n which_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n assemble_v his_o subject_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o number_n allow_v those_o that_o be_v elect_v a_o power_n of_o speak_v for_o those_o who_o elect_v they_o and_o will_v have_v the_o major_a part_n of_o voice_n in_o such_o matter_n as_o be_v by_o he_o propound_v to_o be_v discuss_v to_o be_v as_o effectual_a as_o the_o whole_a but_o we_o can_v imagine_v that_o he_o who_o be_v chief_a ever_o convene_v his_o subject_n with_o intention_n that_o they_o shall_v dispute_v his_o right_n unless_o weary_a of_o the_o burden_n of_o his_o charge_n he_o declare_v in_o plain_a term_n that_o he_o renounce_v and_o abandon_v his_o government_n now_o because_o most_o man_n through_o ignorance_n esteem_v not_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o citizen_n only_o but_o even_o of_o a_o very_a few_o provide_v they_o be_v of_o their_o opinion_n for_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n it_o may_v very_o well_o seem_v to_o they_o that_o the_o supreme_a authority_n may_v by_o right_o be_v abrogate_a so_o it_o be_v do_v in_o some_o great_a assembly_n of_o citizen_n by_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o great_a number_n but_o though_o a_o government_n be_v constitute_v by_o the_o contract_n of_o particular_a man_n with_o particular_n yet_o its_o right_n depend_v not_o on_o that_o obligation_n only_o there_o be_v another_o tie_n also_o towards_o he_o who_o command_v for_o each_o citizen_n compact_v with_o his_o fellow_n say_v thus_o i_o convey_v my_o right_n on_o this_o party_n upon_o condition_n that_o you_o pass_v you_o to_o the_o same_o by_o which_o mean_n that_o right_o which_o every_o man_n have_v before_o to_o use_v his_o faculty_n to_o his_o own_o advantage_n be_v now_o whole_o translate_v on_o some_o certain_a man_n or_o council_n for_o the_o common_a benefit_n wherefore_o what_o by_o the_o mutual_a contract_n each_o one_o have_v make_v with_o the_o other_o what_o by_o the_o donation_n of_o right_n which_o every_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o ratify_v to_o
subject_a to_o another_o that_o other_o shall_v not_o only_o be_v lord_n of_o he_o but_o also_o of_o his_o servant_n supreme_a lord_n over_o these_o immediate_a lord_n over_o he_o now_o because_o not_o the_o servant_n only_o but_o also_o all_o he_o have_v be_v his_o lord_n therefore_o his_o servant_n now_o belong_v to_o this_o man_n neither_o can_v the_o mediate_v lord_n dispose_v otherwise_o of_o they_o then_o shall_v seem_v good_a to_o the_o supreme_a and_o therefore_o if_o sometime_o in_o civil_a government_n the_o lord_n have_v a_o absolute_a power_n over_o his_o servant_n that_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o right_n of_o nature_n and_o not_o constitute_v but_o slight_o pass_v over_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n ix_o a_o servant_n be_v by_o the_o same_o manner_n free_v free_v from_o his_o servitude_n that_o a_o subject_a in_o a_o institutive_a government_n be_v free_v from_o his_o subjection_n first_o if_o his_o lord_n enfranchize_v he_o for_o the_o right_n which_o the_o servant_n transfer_v to_o his_o lord_n over_o himself_o the_o same_o may_v the_o lord_n restore_v to_o the_o servant_n again_o and_o this_o manner_n of_o bestow_v of_o liberty_n be_v call_v manumission_n which_o be_v just_a as_o if_o a_o city_n shall_v permit_v a_o citizen_n to_o convey_v himself_o under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o some_o other_o city_n second_o if_o the_o lord_n cast_v off_o his_o servant_n from_o he_o which_o in_o a_o city_n be_v banishment_n neither_o differ_v it_o from_o manumission_n in_o effect_n but_o in_o manner_n only_o for_o there_o liberty_n be_v grant_v as_o a_o favour_n here_o as_o a_o punishment_n in_o both_o the_o dominion_n be_v renounce_v three_o if_o the_o servant_n be_v take_v prisoner_n the_o old_a servitude_n be_v abolish_v by_o the_o new_a for_o as_o all_o other_o thing_n so_o servant_n also_o be_v acquire_v by_o war_n who_o in_o equity_n the_o lord_n must_v protect_v if_o he_o will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v he_o four_o the_o servant_n be_v free_v for_o want_n of_o knowledge_n of_o a_o successor_n the_o lord_n die_v suppose_v without_o any_o testament_n or_o heir_n for_o no_o man_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v oblige_v unless_o â—e_v know_v to_o who_o he_o be_v to_o perform_v the_o obligation_n last_o she_o servant_n that_o be_v put_v in_o bond_n or_o by_o any_o other_o mean_v deprive_v of_o his_o corporal_a liberty_n be_v free_v from_o that_o other_o obligation_n of_o contract_n for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o contract_n where_o there_o be_v no_o trust_n nor_o can_v that_o faith_n be_v break_v which_o be_v not_o give_v but_o the_o lord_n who_o himself_o serve_v another_o can_v so_o free_v his_o servant_n but_o that_o they_o must_v still_o continue_v under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o supreme_a for_o as_o have_v be_v show_v before_o such_o servant_n be_v not_o he_o but_o the_o supreme_a lord_n x._o we_o get_v a_o right_n over_o irrational_a creature_n nature_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o we_o do_v over_o the_o person_n of_o man_n to_o wit_n by_o force_n and_o natural_a strength_n for_o if_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o every_o one_o by_o reason_n of_o that_o war_n which_o be_v of_o all_o against_o all_o to_o subdue_v and_o also_o to_o kill_v man_n as_o oft_o as_o it_o shall_v seem_v to_o conduce_v unto_o their_o good_a much_o more_o will_v the_o same_o be_v lawful_a against_o â—rutes_n namely_o at_o their_o own_o discretion_n to_o reduce_v those_o to_o servitude_n which_o by_o aâ—t_n may_v be_v tame_v and_o â—â—tted_v for_o use_n and_o to_o persecute_v and_o destroy_v the_o rest_n by_o a_o perpetual_a war_n as_o dangerous_a and_o noxious_a our_o dominion_n therefore_o over_o beast_n have_v its_o original_n from_o the_o right_n of_o nature_n not_o from_o divine_a positive_a right_n for_o if_o such_o a_o right_o have_v not_o be_v before_o the_o publish_n of_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n no_o man_n by_o right_n may_v have_v kill_v a_o beast_n for_o his_o food_n but_o he_o to_o who_o the_o divine_a pleasure_n be_v make_v manifest_a by_o holy_a writ_n a_o most_o hard_a condition_n for_o man_n indeed_o who_o the_o beast_n may_v devour_v without_o injury_n and_o yet_o they_o may_v not_o destroy_v they_o forasmuch_o therefore_o as_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o right_n of_o nature_n that_o a_o beast_n may_v kill_v a_o man_n it_o be_v also_o by_o the_o same_o right_n that_o a_o man_n may_v slay_v a_o beast_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o right_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n and_o of_o hereditary_a government_n i._o paternal_a dominion_n arise_v not_o from_o generation_n ii_o dominion_n over_o infant_n belong_v to_o he_o or_o she_o who_o first_o have_v they_o in_o their_o power_n iii_o dominion_n over_o infant_n be_v original_o the_o mother_n iv._o the_o expose_v infant_n be_v he_o from_o who_o he_o receive_v his_o preservation_n v._o the_o child_n that_o have_v one_o parent_n a_o subject_a and_o the_o other_o a_o sovereign_n belong_v to_o he_o or_o she_o in_o authority_n vi_o in_o such_o a_o conjunction_n of_o man_n and_o woman_n as_o neither_o have_v command_n over_o the_o other_o the_o child_n be_v the_o mother_n unless_o by_o compact_n or_o civil_a law_n it_o be_v otherwise_o determine_v vii_o child_n be_v no_o less_o subject_a to_o their_o parent_n than_o servant_n to_o their_o lord_n and_o subject_n to_o their_o prince_n viii_o of_o the_o honour_n of_o parent_n and_o lord_n ix_o wherein_o liberty_n consist_v and_o the_o difference_n of_o subject_n and_o servant_n x._o there_o be_v the_o same_o right_n over_o subject_n in_o a_o hereditary_a government_n which_o there_o be_v a_o institutive_a government_n xi_o the_o question_n concern_v the_o right_a of_o succession_n belong_v only_o to_o monarchy_n xii_o a_o monarch_n may_v by_o his_o will_n and_o testament_n dispose_v of_o his_o supreme_a authority_n xiii_o or_o give_v it_o or_o sell_v it_o fourteen_o a_o monarch_n die_v without_o testament_n be_v â—ver_o suppose_a to_o will_n that_o a_o monarch_n shall_v succeed_v he_o xv._n and_o some_o one_o of_o his_o child_n xvi_o and_o a_o male_a rather_o then_o female_a xvii_o and_o the_o elder_a rather_o than_o the_o young_a xviii_o and_o his_o brother_n if_o he_o want_v issue_n before_o all_o other_o xix_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o man_n succeed_v to_o the_o power_n do_v they_o also_o succeed_v to_o the_o right_n of_o succession_n i._o socrateâ—_n be_v a_o man_n and_o therefore_o a_o live_a generation_n creature_n be_v a_o right_a season_n and_o that_o most_o evident_a because_o there_o be_v nothing_o needful_a to_o the_o acknowledge_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o consequence_n but_o that_o the_o word_n man_n be_v understod_a because_o a_o live_a creature_n be_v in_o the_o definition_n itself_o of_o a_o man_n and_o every_o one_o make_v up_o the_o proportion_n which_o be_v desire_v namely_o this_o man_n be_v a_o live_a creature_n and_o this_o sopâ—roniscus_n be_v socrates_n his_o father_n and_o therefore_o his_o lord_n be_v perhaps_o a_o true_a inference_n but_o not_o evident_a because_o the_o word_n lord_n be_v not_o in_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o father_n wherefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o make_v it_o more_o evident_a that_o the_o connexion_n of_o father_n and_o lord_n be_v somewhat_o unfold_v those_o that_o have_v hitherto_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v the_o dominion_n of_o a_o parent_n over_o his_o child_n have_v bring_v no_o other_o argument_n then_o that_o of_o generation_n as_o if_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o evident_a that_o what_o be_v beget_v by_o i_o be_v i_o just_a as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v think_v that_o because_o there_o be_v a_o triangle_n it_o appear_v present_o without_o any_o far_a discourse_n that_o its_o angle_n be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_n beside_o since_o dominion_n that_o be_v supreme_a power_n be_v indivisible_a insomuch_o as_o no_o man_n can_v serve_v two_o master_n but_o two_o person_n male_a and_o female_a must_v concur_v in_o the_o act_n of_o generation_n its_o impossible_a that_o dominion_n shall_v at_o all_o be_v acquire_v by_o generation_n only_o wherefore_o we_o will_v with_o the_o more_o diligence_n in_o this_o place_n inquire_v into_o the_o original_n of_o paternal_a government_n ii_o we_o must_v therefore_o return_v to_o the_o power_n state_n of_o nature_n in_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o equality_n of_o nature_n all_o man_n of_o ripe_a year_n be_v to_o be_v account_v equal_a there_o by_o right_a of_o nature_n the_o conqueror_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o conquer_a by_o the_o right_n therefore_o of_o nature_n the_o dominion_n over_o the_o inâ—ant_n first_o belong_v to_o he_o who_o first_o have_v he_o in_o his_o power_n but_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o 〈◊〉_d who_o be_v new_o bear_v be_v in_o the_o mother_n power_n before_o any_o other_o insomuch_o as_o she_o may_v right_o and_o at_o
she_o own_o will_n either_o breed_v he_o up_o or_o adventure_v he_o to_o fortune_n iii_o if_o therefore_o she_o breed_v he_o because_o mother_n the_o state_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o state_n of_o war_n she_o be_v suppose_v to_o bring_v he_o up_o on_o this_o condition_n that_o be_v grow_v to_o full_a age_n he_o become_v not_o her_o enemy_n which_o be_v that_o he_o obey_v she_o for_o since_o by_o natural_a necessity_n wâ—_n all_o desire_n that_o which_o appear_v good_a unto_o we_o it_o can_v be_v understand_v that_o any_o man_n have_v on_o such_o term_n afford_v life_n to_o another_o that_o he_o may_v both_o get_v strength_n by_o his_o year_n and_o at_o once_o become_v a_o enemy_n but_o each_o man_n be_v a_o enemy_n to_o that_o other_o who_o he_o neither_o obey_v nor_o command_n and_o thus_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n every_o woman_n that_o bearâ—_n child_n become_v both_o a_o mother_n and_o a_o lord_n but_o what_o some_o say_v that_o in_o this_o case_n the_o father_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o preeminence_n of_o sex_n and_o not_o the_o mother_n become_v lord_n signify_v nothing_o for_o both_o reason_n show_v the_o contrary_a because_o the_o inequality_n of_o their_o natural_a force_n be_v not_o so_o great_a that_o the_o man_n can_v get_v the_o dominion_n over_o the_o woman_n without_o warrâ—_n and_o custom_n also_o contradict_v not_o for_o woman_n namely_o amazoâ—s_n have_v in_o former_a time_n wage_v war_n against_o their_o adversary_n and_o dispose_v of_o their_o child_n at_o their_o own_o will_n and_o at_o this_o day_n in_o divers_a place_n woman_n be_v invest_v with_o the_o principal_a authority_n neither_o do_v their_o husband_n dispose_n of_o their_o child_n but_o themselves_o which_o in_o truth_n they_o do_v by_o the_o right_n of_o â—…ture_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n be_v not_o tie_v at_o all_o as_o have_v be_v show_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n add_v also_o that_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n it_o can_v be_v know_v who_o be_v the_o father_n but_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o mother_n the_o child_n therefore_o be_v his_o who_o be_v the_o mother_n will_v have_v it_o and_o therefore_o she_o wherefore_o original_a dominion_n over_o child_n belong_v to_o the_o mother_n and_o among_o man_n no_o less_o than_o other_o creature_n the_o birth_n follow_v the_o belly_n iv._o the_o dominion_n pass_v from_o the_o mother_n he_o to_o other_o divers_a way_n first_o if_o she_o quit_v and_o forsake_v she_o right_o by_o expose_v the_o child_n he_o therefore_o that_o shall_v bring_v up_o the_o child_n thus_o expose_v shall_v have_v the_o same_o dominion_n over_o it_o which_o the_o mother_n have_v for_o that_o life_n which_o the_o mother_n have_v give_v it_o not_o by_o get_v but_o nourish_v it_o she_o now_o by_o expose_v take_v from_o it_o wherefore_o the_o obligation_n also_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o benefit_n of_o life_n be_v by_o this_o exposition_n make_v void_a now_o the_o preserve_v owe_v all_o to_o the_o preserver_n whether_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o education_n as_o to_o a_o mother_n or_o of_o his_o service_n as_o to_o a_o lord_n for_o although_o the_o mother_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n where_o all_o man_n have_v a_o right_n to_o all_o thing_n may_v recover_v her_o son_n again_o namely_o by_o the_o same_o right_n that_o any_o body_n else_o may_v do_v it_o yet_o may_v not_o the_o soâ—nâ—_n right_o transfer_v himself_o again_o unto_o his_o mother_n v._n second_o if_o the_o mother_n be_v take_v prisoner_n command_n her_o son_n be_v he_o that_o take_v she_o because_o that_o he_o who_o have_v dominion_n over_o the_o person_n have_v also_o dominion_n over_o all_o belong_v to_o the_o person_n wherefore_o over_o the_o son_n also_o as_o have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n in_o the_o five_o article_n three_o if_o the_o mother_n be_v a_o subject_n under_o what_o government_n soever_o he_o that_o have_v the_o supreme_a authority_n in_o that_o government_n will_v also_o have_v the_o dominion_n over_o he_o that_o be_v bear_v of_o she_o for_o he_o be_v lord_n also_o of_o the_o mother_n who_o be_v bind_v to_o obey_v he_o in_o all_o thing_n four_o if_o a_o woman_n for_o society_n sake_n give_v herself_o to_o a_o man_n on_o this_o condition_n that_o be_v shall_v bear_v the_o sway_n he_o that_o receive_v his_o be_v from_o the_o contribution_n of_o both_o party_n be_v the_o father_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o command_n he_o have_v over_o the_o mother_n but_o if_o a_o woman_n bear_v rule_n shall_v have_v child_n by_o a_o subject_a the_o child_n be_v the_o mother_n for_o otherwise_o the_o woman_n can_v have_v no_o child_n without_o prejudice_n to_o her_o authority_n and_o universal_o if_o the_o society_n of_o the_o male_a and_o female_a be_v such_o a_o union_n as_o the_o one_o have_v subject_v himself_o to_o the_o other_o the_o child_n belong_v to_o he_o or_o she_o that_o command_v determine_v vi_o but_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n if_o a_o man_n and_o woman_n contract_v so_o as_o neither_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o command_n of_o the_o other_o the_o child_n be_v the_o mother_n for_o the_o reason_n above_o give_v in_o the_o three_o article_n unless_o by_o pact_n it_o be_v otherwise_o provide_v for_o the_o mother_n may_v by_o pact_n dispose_v of_o she_o right_o as_o she_o list_v as_o heretofore_o have_v be_v do_v by_o the_o amazon_n who_o of_o those_o child_n which_o have_v be_v beget_v by_o their_o neighbour_n have_v by_o pact_n allow_v they_o the_o male_n and_o retain_v the_o female_n to_o themselves_o but_o in_o a_o civil_a government_n if_o there_o be_v a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n between_o a_o man_n and_o woman_n the_o child_n be_v the_o father_n because_o in_o all_o city_n viz._n constitute_v of_o father_n not_o mother_n govern_v their_o family_n the_o domestical_a command_n belong_v to_o the_o man_n and_o such_o a_o contract_n if_o it_o be_v make_v according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v call_v matrimony_n but_o if_o they_o 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of_o both_o be_v alike_o but_o because_o city_n once_o institute_v do_v put_v on_o the_o personal_a propriety_n of_o man_n that_o law_n with_o speak_v of_o the_o duty_n of_o single_a man_n we_o call_v natural_a be_v apply_v to_o whole_a city_n and_o nation_n be_v call_v the_o right_n of_o nation_n and_o the_o same_o element_n of_o natural_a law_n and_o right_o which_o have_v hitherto_o be_v speak_v of_o be_v transfer_v to_o whole_a city_n and_o nation_n may_v be_v take_v for_o the_o element_n of_o the_o law_n and_o right_o of_o nation_n v._o all_o humane_a law_n be_v civil_a for_o the_o sacred_a state_n of_o man_n consider_v out_o of_o civil_a society_n be_v hostile_a in_o which_o because_o one_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o another_o there_o be_v no_o other_o law_n beside_o the_o dictate_v of_o natural_a reason_n which_o be_v the_o divine_a law_n but_o in_o civil_a government_n the_o city_n only_o that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o man_n or_o court_n to_o who_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o 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species_n of_o the_o law_n but_o two_o part_n of_o the_o same_o law_n for_o if_o the_o law_n shall_v say_v no_o more_o but_o for_o example_n whatsoever_o you_o take_v with_o your_o net_n in_o the_o sea_n be_v it_o you_o iâ—s_v in_o vain_a for_o although_o another_o shall_v take_v that_o away_o from_o you_o which_o you_o have_v catch_v it_o hinder_v not_o but_o that_o it_o still_o remain_v you_o for_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n where_o all_o thing_n be_v common_a to_o all_o you_o and_o other_o be_v all_o one_o insomuch_o as_o what_o the_o law_n define_v to_o be_v you_o be_v you_o even_o before_o the_o law_n and_o after_o the_o law_n cease_v not_o to_o be_v you_o although_o in_o another_o man_n possession_n wherefore_o the_o law_n do_v nothing_o unless_o it_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v so_o you_o as_o all_o other_o man_n be_v forbid_v to_o interrupt_v your_o free_a use_n and_o secure_a enjoyment_n of_o it_o at_o all_o time_n according_a to_o your_o own_o will_n and_o pleasure_n 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good_n against_o the_o lord_n will_v thou_o shall_v not_o frustrate_v the_o law_n and_o judgement_n by_o false_a testimony_n be_v civil_a lawâ—s_n the_o natural_a law_n command_v the_o same_o thing_n but_o implicit_o for_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o 3._o chap._n art_n 2._o command_v we_o to_o keep_v contract_n and_o therefore_o also_o to_o perform_v obedience_n when_o we_o have_v covenant_v obedience_n and_o to_o abstain_v from_o another_o good_n when_o it_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n what_o belong_v to_o another_o but_o all_o subject_n by_o the_o 13._o art_n of_o the_o 6._o chap._n do_v covenant_n to_o obey_v his_o command_n who_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o the_o ciufll_a law_n in_o the_o very_a constitution_n of_o government_n even_o before_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o break_v they_o for_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v oblige_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n where_o first_o because_o nature_n have_v give_v all_o thing_n to_o all_o man_n nothing_o do_v proper_o belong_v to_o another_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o invade_v another_o right_n next_o where_o all_o thing_n be_v common_a and_o therefore_o all_o carnal_a copulation_n lawful_a three_o where_o be_v the_o state_n of_o war_n and_o therefore_o lawful_a to_o kill_v four_o where_o all_o thing_n be_v determine_v by_o every_o man_n own_o judgement_n and_o therefore_o paternal_a respect_n also_o last_o where_o there_o be_v no_o public_a judgement_n and_o therefore_o no_o use_n of_o bear_v witness_n either_o true_a or_o false_a x._o seetng_a therefore_o our_o obligation_n to_o observe_v those_o awe_v be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o nature_n promulgation_n of_o the_o law_n themselves_o as_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o very_a eonstâ—tâ—tion_n of_o the_o city_n by_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o natural_a law_n which_o forbid_v breach_n of_o covenant_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n command_v we_o to_o keep_v all_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o where_o we_o be_v sty_v to_o obedience_n before_o we_o know_v what_o will_v be_v command_v we_o there_o we_o be_v universal_o tie_v to_o obey_v in_o all_o thing_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o no_o civil_a law_n whatsoever_o which_o tend_v not_o to_o a_o reproach_n of_o the_o deiâ—y_n in_o respect_n of_o who_o citieâ—_n themselves_o have_v no_o right_n of_o their_o own_o and_o can_v be_v say_v to_o make_v law_n can_v possible_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o though_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n forbid_v theft_n adultery_n etc._n etc._n yet_o if_o the_o civil_a law_n command_v we_o to_o invade_v any_o thing_n that_o invasion_n be_v not_o theft_n adultery_n etc._n etc._n for_o when_o the_o i_o acedemonians_n of_o old_a permit_v their_o youth_n by_o a_o certain_a
enemy_n to_o be_v sometime_o somewhat_o sharp_a then_o that_o of_o a_o unjust_a man_n last_o i_o affirm_v that_o they_o may_v under_o that_o notion_n be_v just_o punish_v both_o by_o god_n and_o supreme_a magistrate_n and_o therefore_o by_o no_o mean_n excuse_v or_o extenuate_v this_o sin_n now_o that_o i_o have_v say_v that_o it_o may_v be_v know_v by_o natural_a reason_n that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n be_v so_o to_o be_v understand_v not_o as_o if_o i_o have_v mean_v that_o all_o man_n may_v know_v this_o except_o they_o think_v that_o because_o archimedes_n by_o natural_a reason_n find_v out_o what_o proportion_n the_o circle_n have_v to_o the_o square_n it_o follow_v thence_o that_o every_o one_o of_o the_o vulgar_a can_v have_v find_v out_o as_o much_o i_o say_v therefore_o that_o although_o it_o may_v be_v know_v to_o some_o by_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n yet_o man_n that_o be_v continual_o engage_v in_o pleasure_n or_o seâ—king_v of_o riches_n and_o honour_n also_o man_n that_o be_v not_o wont_a to_o reason_n aright_o or_o can_v do_v it_o or_o â—are_v not_o to_o do_v it_o last_o fool_n in_o which_o number_n be_v atheist_n can_v know_v this_o xx._n see_v that_o from_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o be_v covenant_n whereby_o each_o subject_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o other_o to_o perform_v absolute_a and_o universal_a obedience_n such_o as_o be_v define_v above_o chap._n 6._o art_n 13._o to_o the_o city_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o the_o sovereign_a power_n whether_o that_o be_v one_o man_n or_o council_n there_o be_v a_o obligation_n derive_v to_o observe_v each_o one_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n so_o that_o that_o covenant_n contain_v in_o itself_o all_o the_o law_n at_o once_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o subject_n who_o shall_v renounce_v the_o general_a covenant_n of_o obedience_n do_v at_o once_o renounce_v all_o the_o law_n which_o trespass_n be_v so_o much_o worse_a than_o any_o other_o one_o sin_n by_o how_o much_o to_o sin_n always_o be_v worse_a than_o to_o sin_n once_o and_o this_o be_v that_o sin_n which_o be_v call_v treason_n and_o it_o be_v a_o word_n or_o deed_n whereby_o the_o citizen_n or_o subject_a declare_v that_o he_o will_v no_o long_o obey_v that_o man_n or_o court_n to_o who_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o the_o city_n be_v entrust_v and_o the_o subject_n declare_v this_o same_o will_n of_o he_o by_o deed_n when_o he_o either_o do_v or_o endeavour_n to_o do_v violence_n to_o the_o sovereign_n person_n or_o to_o they_o who_o execute_v his_o command_n of_o which_o sort_n be_v traitor_n regicide_n and_o such_o as_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o city_n or_o during_o a_o war_n fly_v to_o the_o enemy_n side_n and_o they_o show_v the_o same_o will_n in_o word_n who_o flat_o deny_v that_o themselves_o or_o other_o subject_n be_v tie_v to_o any_o such_o kind_n of_o obedience_n either_o in_o the_o whole_a as_o he_o who_o shall_v say_v that_o we_o must_v not_o obey_v he_o keep_v the_o obedience_n which_o we_o owe_v to_o god_n entire_a simple_o absolute_o and_o universal_o or_o in_o part_n as_o he_o who_o shall_v say_v that_o he_o have_v no_o right_a to_o wage_v war_n at_o his_o own_o will_n to_o make_v peace_n list_v soldier_n levy_v money_n elect_v magistrate_n and_o public_a minister_n enact_v law_n decide_v controversy_n set_v penalty_n or_o do_v aught_o else_o without_o which_o the_o state_n can_v stand_v and_o these_o and_o the_o like_a word_n and_o deed_n be_v treason_n by_o the_o natural_a not_o the_o civil_a law_n but_o it_o may_v so_o happen_v that_o some_o action_n which_o before_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v make_v be_v not_o treason_n yet_o will_v become_v such_o if_o it_o be_v do_v afterward_o as_o if_o it_o be_v declare_v by_o the_o law_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v account_v for_o a_o sign_n of_o renounce_v public_a obedience_n that_o be_v to_o say_v for_o treason_n if_o any_o man_n shall_v coin_v money_n or_o forge_v the_o privit_n seal_n he_o that_o after_o that_o declaration_n shall_v do_v this_o will_v be_v no_o less_o guilty_a of_o treason_n than_o the_o other_o yet_o he_o sin_n less_o because_o he_o break_v not_o all_o the_o law_n at_o once_o but_o one_o law_n only_o for_o the_o law_n by_o call_v that_o treason_n which_o by_o nature_n be_v not_o so_o do_v indeed_o by_o right_o set_v a_o more_o odious_a name_n and_o perhaps_o a_o more_o grievous_a punishment_n on_o the_o guilty_a person_n but_o it_o make_v not_o the_o sin_n itself_o more_o grievous_a xxi_o but_o that_o sin_n which_o by_o the_o law_n law_n of_o nature_n be_v treason_n be_v a_o transgression_n of_o the_o natural_a not_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o since_o our_o obligation_n to_o civil_a obedience_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v valid_a be_v before_o all_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o sin_n of_o treason_n be_v natural_o nothing_o else_o but_o the_o breach_n of_o that_o obligation_n it_o follow_v that_o by_o the_o sin_n of_o treason_n that_o law_n be_v break_v which_o precede_v the_o civil_a law_n to_o wit_n the_o natural_a which_o forbid_v we_o to_o violate_v covenant_n and_o betroth_a â—aith_n but_o if_o some_o sovereign_a prince_n shall_v set_v forth_o a_o law_n on_o this_o manner_n thou_o shall_v not_o rebel_v he_o will_v effect_v just_a nothing_o for_o except_o subject_n be_v before_o oblige_v to_o obedience_n that_o be_v to_o say_v not_o to_o rebel_v all_o law_n be_v of_o no_o force_n now_o the_o obligation_n which_o obligetto_n what_o we_o be_v before_o oblige_v to_o be_v superfluous_a xxii_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o rebel_n passive_a traitor_n and_o all_o other_o convict_v of_o treason_n be_v punish_v not_o by_o civil_a but_o natural_a right_n that_o be_v to_o say_v not_o as_o civil_a subject_n but_o as_o enemy_n to_o the_o government_n not_o by_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n but_o by_o the_o right_n of_o war_n xxiii_o there_o be_v some_o who_o think_v that_o those_o act_n which_o be_v do_v against_o the_o law_n when_o the_o punishment_n be_v determine_v by_o the_o law_n itself_o be_v expiate_v if_o the_o punish_v willing_o undergo_v the_o punishment_n and_o that_o they_o be_v not_o guilty_a before_o god_n of_o break_v the_o natural_a law_n although_o by_o break_v the_o civil_a law_n we_o break_v the_o natural_a too_o which_o command_v we_o to_o keep_v the_o civil_a who_o have_v suffer_v the_o punishment_n which_o the_o law_n require_v as_o if_o by_o the_o law_n the_o fact_n be_v not_o prohibit_v but_o a_o punishment_n be_v set_v instead_o of_o a_o price_n whereby_o a_o licence_n may_v be_v buy_v of_o do_v what_o the_o law_n forbid_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n they_o may_v infer_v too_o that_o no_o transgression_n of_o the_o law_n be_v a_o sin_n but_o that_o every_o man_n may_v enjoy_v the_o liberty_n which_o he_o have_v buy_v by_o his_o own_o peril_n but_o we_o must_v know_v that_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n may_v be_v understand_v in_o a_o twofold_a sense_n the_o one_o as_o contain_v two_o part_n as_o have_v be_v declare_v above_o in_o the_o seven_o art_n namely_o that_o of_o absolute_o prohibit_v as_o thou_o shall_v not_o do_v this_o and_o revenge_v as_o he_o that_o do_v this_o shall_v be_v punish_v the_o other_o as_o contain_v a_o condition_n for_o example_n thou_o shall_v not_o do_v this_o thing_n unless_o thou_o will_v suffer_v punishment_n and_o thus_o the_o law_n forbid_v not_o simple_o but_o conditional_o if_o it_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o first_o sense_n he_o that_o do_v it_o sin_n because_o he_o do_v what_o the_o law_n forbid_v to_o be_v do_v if_o in_o the_o second_o he_o sin_v not_o because_o he_o can_v be_v say_v to_o do_v what_o be_v forbid_v he_o that_o perform_v the_o condition_n for_o in_o the_o first_o sense_n all_o man_n be_v forbid_v to_o do_v it_o in_o the_o second_o they_o only_a who_o keep_v themselves_o from_o the_o punishment_n in_o the_o first_o sense_n the_o vindicative_a part_n of_o the_o law_n oblige_v not_o the_o guilty_a but_o the_o magistrate_n to_o require_v punishment_n in_o the_o second_o he_o himself_o that_o owe_v the_o punishment_n be_v oblige_v to_o exact_v it_o to_o the_o payment_n whereof_o if_o it_o be_v capital_a or_o otherwise_o grievous_a he_o can_v be_v oblige_v but_o in_o what_o sense_n the_o law_n be_v to_o be_v take_v depend_v on_o the_o will_n of_o he_o who_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n when_o there_o be_v therefore_o any_o doubt_n of_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o law_n since_o we_o be_v sure_o they_o sin_v not_o who_o do_v it_o not_o it_o will_v be_v sin_n if_o we_o do_v it_o howsoever_o the_o law_n may_v afterward_o be_v explain_v for_o so_o to_o do_v that_o which_o a_o man_n doubt_n
the_o christian_n themselves_o although_o not_o actual_o assemble_v if_o they_o be_v permit_v to_o enter_v into_o the_o congregation_n and_o to_o communicate_v with_o they_o for_o example_n tell_v it_o to_o the_o church_n mat._n 18._o vers_fw-la 17._o be_v mean_v of_o a_o church_n assemble_v for_o otherwise_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o tell_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o church_n but_o he_o lay_v waste_v the_o church_n act_v 8._o vers_fw-la 3._o be_v understand_v of_o a_o church_n not_o assemble_v sometime_o a_o church_n be_v take_v for_o those_o who_o be_v baptize_v or_o for_o the_o professor_n of_o the_o christian_a â—aith_n whether_o they_o be_v christian_n inward_o or_o feign_o as_o when_o we_o read_v of_o somewhat_o say_v or_o writâ—…n_v to_o the_o church_n or_o say_v or_o decree_v or_o do_v by_o the_o church_n sometime_o for_o the_o elect_a only_o as_o when_o it_o be_v call_v holy_a and_o without_o blemish_n ephes_n 5._o vers_fw-la 27._o but_o the_o elect_n as_o they_o be_v militant_a be_v not_o proper_o call_v a_o church_n for_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o assemble_v but_o they_o be_v a_o future_a church_n namely_o in_o that_o day_n when_o sever_v from_o the_o reprobate_n they_o shall_v be_v triumphant_a again_o a_o church_n may_v be_v sometimes_o take_v for_o all_o christian_n collective_o as_o when_o christ_n be_v call_v the_o head_n of_o his_o church_n and_o the_o head_n of_o his_o body_n the_o church_n eph._n 5._o vers_fw-la 23._o colos_n 1._o vers_fw-la 18._o sometime_o for_o its_o part_n as_o the_o church_n of_o ephesus_n the_o church_n which_o be_v in_o his_o house_n the_o seven_o church_n etc._n etc._n last_o a_o church_n as_o it_o be_v take_v for_o a_o company_n actual_o assemble_v according_a to_o the_o divers_a end_n of_o their_o meeting_n signify_v sometime_o those_o who_o be_v meet_v together_o to_o deliberate_v and_o judge_n in_o which_o sense_n it_o be_v also_o call_v a_o council_n &_o a_o synod_n sometime_o those_o who_o meet_v together_o in_o the_o house_n of_o prayer_n to_o worship_n god_n in_o which_o signification_n it_o be_v take_v in_o the_o 1_o cor._n 14._o vers_fw-la 4_o 5._o 23._o 28._o etc._n etc._n xx._n now_o a_o church_n which_o have_v personal_a person_n right_n and_o proper_a action_n attribute_v to_o it_o and_o of_o which_o that_o same_o must_v necessary_o be_v understand_v tell_v it_o to_o the_o church_n and_o he_o that_o obey_v not_o the_o church_n and_o all_o such_o like_a â—ormes_n of_o speech_n be_v to_o be_v define_v so_o as_o by_o that_o word_n may_v be_v understand_v a_o multitude_n of_o man_n who_o have_v make_v a_o new_a covenant_n with_o god_n in_o christ_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o multitude_n of_o they_o who_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o sacrament_n of_o baptism_n which_o multitude_n may_v both_o lawful_o be_v call_v together_o by_o some_o one_o into_o one_o place_n and_o he_o so_o call_v they_o be_v bind_v to_o be_v present_a either_o in_o person_n or_o by_o other_o for_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n if_o they_o can_v meet_v in_o assembly_n when_o need_n require_v be_v not_o to_o be_v call_v a_o person_n for_o a_o church_n can_v neither_o speak_v nor_o discern_v nor_o hear_v but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o congregation_n whatsoever_o be_v speak_v by_o particular_a man_n to_o wit_n as_o many_o opinion_n almost_o as_o head_n that_o be_v the_o speech_n of_o one_o man_n not_o of_o the_o church_n farthermore_o if_o a_o assembly_n be_v make_v and_o it_o be_v unlawful_a it_o shall_v be_v consider_v as_o â—â—ll_v not_o any_o one_o of_o these_o therefore_o who_o be_v present_a in_o a_o tumult_n shall_v be_v tie_v to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o rest_n but_o special_o if_o he_o dissent_v and_o therefore_o neither_o can_v such_o a_o church_n make_v any_o decree_n for_o then_o a_o multitude_n be_v say_v to_o decree_v somewhat_o when_o every_o man_n be_v oblige_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o major_a part_n we_o must_v therefore_o grant_v to_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o church_n to_o which_o we_o attribute_v thing_n belong_v to_o a_o person_n not_o only_o a_o possibility_n of_o assemble_v but_o also_o of_o do_v it_o lawful_o beside_o although_o there_o be_v some_o one_o who_o may_v lawful_o call_v the_o rest_n together_o yet_o if_o they_o who_o be_v call_v may_v lawful_o not_o appear_v which_o may_v happen_v among_o man_n who_o be_v not_o subject_a one_o to_o another_o that_o same_o church_n be_v not_o one_o person_n for_o by_o what_o right_o they_o who_o be_v call_v to_o a_o certain_a time_n and_o place_n do_v meet_v together_o be_v one_o church_n by_o the_o same_o other_o flock_v to_o another_o place_n appoint_v by_o they_o be_v another_o church_n and_o every_o number_n of_o man_n of_o one_o opinion_n be_v a_o church_n and_o by_o consequence_n there_o will_v be_v as_o many_o church_n as_o there_o be_v divers_a opinion_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o same_o multitude_n of_o man_n will_v at_o once_o prove_v to_o be_v one_o and_o many_o church_n wherefore_o a_o church_n be_v not_o one_o except_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a and_o know_v that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o lawful_a power_n by_o mean_n whereof_o every_o man_n may_v be_v oblige_v to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o congregation_n either_o himself_o in_o person_n or_o by_o proxy_n and_o that_o become_v one_o and_o be_v capable_a of_o personal_a function_n by_o the_o union_n of_o a_o lawful_a power_n of_o convocate_a synod_n and_o assembly_n of_o christian_n not_o by_o uniformity_n of_o doctrine_n and_o otherwise_o it_o be_v a_o multitude_n and_o person_n in_o the_o plural_a howsoever_o agree_v in_o opinion_n church_n xxi_o it_o follow_v what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v by_o necessary_a connexion_n that_o a_o city_n of_o christian_a man_n and_o a_o church_n be_v altogether_o the_o same_o thing_n of_o the_o same_o man_n term_v by_o two_o name_n for_o two_o cause_n for_o the_o matter_n of_o a_o city_n &_o a_o church_n be_v one_o to_o wit_v the_o same_o christian_a man_n and_o the_o form_n which_o consist_v in_o a_o lawful_a power_n of_o assemble_v they_o be_v the_o same_o too_o for_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o every_o subject_a be_v oblige_v to_o come_v thither_o whither_o he_o be_v summon_v by_o his_o city_n now_o that_o which_o be_v call_v a_o city_n as_o it_o be_v make_v up_o of_o man_n the_o same_o as_o it_o consist_v of_o christian_n be_v style_v a_o church_n xxii_o this_o too_o be_v very_o coherent_a with_o church_n the_o same_o point_n if_o there_o he_o many_o christian_a city_n they_o be_v not_o altogether_o personal_o one_o church_n they_o may_v indeed_o by_o mutual_a consent_n become_v one_o church_n but_o no_o otherwise_o then_o as_o they_o must_v also_o become_v one_o city_n for_o they_o can_v assemble_v but_o at_o some_o certain_a time_n and_o to_o some_o place_n appoint_v but_o person_n place_n and_o time_n belong_v to_o civil_a right_n neither_o can_v any_o subject_a or_o stranger_n lawful_o set_v his_o foot_n on_o any_o place_n but_o by_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o city_n which_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o place_n but_o the_o thing_n which_o can_v lawful_o be_v do_v but_o by_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o city_n those_o if_o they_o be_v lawful_o do_v be_v do_v by_o the_o city_n authority_n the_o universal_a church_n be_v indeed_o one_o mystical_a body_n whereof_o christ_n be_v the_o head_n but_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o all_o man_n together_o acknowledge_v god_n for_o the_o ruler_n of_o the_o world_n be_v one_o kingdom_n and_o one_o câ—ty_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v neither_o one_o person_n nor_o have_v it_o one_o common_a action_n or_o determination_n farthermore_o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o christ_n be_v the_o head_n of_o his_o body_n the_o church_n it_o manifest_o appear_v that_o that_o be_v speak_v by_o the_o apostle_n of_o the_o elect_n who_o as_o long_o as_o they_o be_v in_o this_o world_n be_v a_o church_n only_o in_o potentiâ_fw-la but_o shall_v not_o actual_o be_v so_o before_o they_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o reprobate_n and_o gather_v together_o among_o themselves_o in_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n the_o church_n of_o rome_n of_o old_a be_v very_o great_a but_o she_o go_v not_o beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o her_o empire_n and_o therefore_o neither_o be_v she_o universal_a unless_o it_o be_v in_o that_o sense_n wherein_o it_o be_v also_o say_v of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n orbem_fw-la jam_fw-la totum_fw-la victor_n romanus_n habebat_fw-la when_o as_o yet_o he_o have_v not_o the_o twenty_o part_n of_o it_o but_o after_o that_o the_o civil_a empire_n be_v divide_v into_o part_n the_o single_a city_n thence_o arise_v be_v so_o many_o church_n and_o that_o power_n which_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v over_o they_o may_v perhaps_o whole_o depend_v on_o the_o authority_n of_o
right_n claim_v as_o his_o own_o for_o where_o all_o thing_n be_v common_a there_o can_v be_v nothing_o proper_a to_o any_o man_n it_o follow_v that_o *_o propriety_n receive_v its_o beginning_n when_o city_n receive_v they_o and_o that_o that_o only_o be_v proper_a to_o each_o man_n which_o he_o can_v keep_v by_o the_o law_n and_o the_o power_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n that_o be_v of_o he_o on_o who_o its_o chief_a command_n be_v confer_v whence_o we_o understand_v that_o each_o particular_a citizen_n have_v a_o propriety_n to_o which_o none_o of_o his_o fellow-citizen_n have_v right_o because_o they_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o same_o law_n but_o he_o have_v no_o propriety_n in_o which_o the_o chief_a ruler_n who_o command_n be_v the_o law_n who_o will_n contain_v the_o will_n of_o each_o man_n and_o who_o by_o every_o single_a person_n be_v constitute_v the_o supreme_a judge_n have_v not_o a_o right_n but_o although_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n which_o the_o city_n permit_v to_o its_o citizen_n and_o therefore_o they_o may_v sometime_o go_v to_o law_n against_o their_o chief_n yet_o be_v not_o that_o action_n belong_v to_o civil_a right_n but_o to_o natural_a equity_n neither_o be_v it_o concern_v what_o *_o by_o right_o he_o may_v doâ—_n who_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n but_o what_o he_o have_v be_v willing_a shall_v be_v do_v and_o therefore_o he_o shall_v be_v judge_n himself_o as_o though_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v well_o understand_v he_o can_v not_o give_v wrong_a judgement_n propriety_n receive_v its_o beginning_n etc._n etc._n annotation_n what_o be_v object_v by_o some_o that_o the_o propriety_n of_o good_n even_o before_o the_o constitution_n of_o city_n be_v find_v in_o father_n of_o family_n that_o objection_n be_v vain_a because_o i_o have_v already_o declare_v that_o a_o family_n be_v a_o little_a city_n for_o the_o son_n of_o a_o family_n have_v a_o propriety_n of_o their_o good_n grant_v they_o by_o their_o father_n distinguish_v indeed_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o son_n of_o the_o same_o family_n but_o not_o from_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o father_n himself_o but_o the_o father_n of_o diverse_a family_n who_o be_v subject_a neither_o to_o any_o common_a father_n nor_o lord_n have_v a_o common_a right_n in_o all_o thing_n what_o by_o right_o he_o may_v do_v etc._n etc._n as_o annotation_n often_o as_o a_o citizen_n be_v grant_v to_o have_v a_o action_n of_o law_n against_o the_o supreme_a i._n e._n against_o the_o city_n the_o question_n be_v not_o in_o that_o action_n whether_o the_o city_n may_v by_o right_a keep_v possession_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o controversy_n but_o whether_o by_o the_o law_n former_o make_v she_o will_v keep_v it_o for_o the_o law_n be_v the_o declare_a will_n of_o the_o supreme_a since_o then_o the_o city_n may_v raise_v money_n from_o the_o citizen_n under_o tow_n title_n either_o as_o tribute_n or_o as_o debt_n in_o the_o former_a case_n there_o be_v no_o action_n of_o law_n allow_v for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o question_n whether_o the_o city_n have_v right_o to_o require_v tribute_n in_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v allow_v because_o the_o city_n will_v take_v nothing_o from_o its_o citizen_n by_o fraud_n or_o cunning_a and_o yet_o if_o need_v require_v all_o they_o have_v open_o and_o therefore_o he_o that_o condemn_v this_o place_n say_v that_o by_o this_o doctrine_n it_o be_v casie_a for_o prince_n to_o free_v themselves_o from_o their_o debt_n he_o do_v it_o impertinent_o xvi_o theft_n murder_n adultery_n and_o all_o be_v injury_n be_v forbid_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o what_o be_v to_o be_v call_v theft_n what_o murder_n what_o adultery_n what_o injury_n in_o a_o citizen_n this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o natural_a but_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o not_o every_o take_n away_o of_o the_o thing_n which_o another_o possess_v but_o only_o another_o man_n good_n be_v theâ—…_n but_o what_o be_v we_o and_o what_o another_o be_v a_o question_n belong_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o like_a manner_n not_o every_o kill_n of_o a_o man_n be_v murder_n but_o only_o that_o which_o the_o civil_a law_n forbid_v neither_o be_v all_o encounter_n with_o woman_n adultery_n but_o only_o that_o which_o the_o civil_a law_n prohibit_v last_o all_o breach_n of_o promise_n be_v a_o injury_n where_o the_o promise_n itself_o be_v lawful_a but_o where_o there_o be_v no_o right_a to_o make_v any_o compact_n there_o can_v be_v no_o conveyance_n of_o it_o and_o therefore_o there_o can_v no_o injury_n follow_v as_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n artic._n 17._o now_o what_o we_o may_v contract_v for_o and_o what_o not_o depend_v whole_o upon_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o city_n of_o lacedâ—mon_n therefore_o right_o order_v that_o those_o young_a man_n who_o can_v so_o take_v away_o certain_a good_n from_o other_o as_o not_o to_o be_v catch_v shall_v â—oe_v unpunished_a for_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o make_v a_o law_n that_o what_o be_v so_o acquire_v shall_v be_v their_o own_o and_o not_o another_o right_o also_o be_v that_o man_n every_o where_o sâ—ain_o who_o we_o kill_v in_o war_n or_o by_o the_o necessity_n of_o self-defence_n so_o also_o that_o copulation_n which_o in_o one_o city_n be_v matrimony_n in_o another_o will_v be_v judge_v adultery_n also_o those_o contract_n which_o make_v up_o marriage_n in_o one_o citizen_n do_v not_o so_o in_o another_o although_o of_o the_o same_o city_n because_o that_o he_o who_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o city_n that_o be_v by_o that_o one_o man_n or_o council_n who_o the_o supreme_a power_n be_v to_o contract_v aught_o have_v no_o right_a to_o make_v any_o contract_n and_o therefore_o have_v make_v any_o it_o be_v not_o valid_a and_o by_o consequence_n no_o marriage_n but_o his_o contract_n which_o receive_v no_o prohibition_n be_v therefore_o of_o force_n and_o so_o be_v matrimony_n neither_o add_v it_o any_o force_n to_o any_o unlawful_a contract_n that_o they_o be_v make_v by_o a_o oath_n *_o or_o sacrament_n for_o those_o add_v nothing_o to_o the_o strenghning_n of_o the_o contract_n as_o have_v be_v say_v above_o chap._n 2._o artic._n 22._o what_o therefore_o theft_n what_o murder_n what_o adultery_n and_o in_o general_a what_o injury_n be_v must_v be_v know_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o be_v the_o command_n of_o he_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a authority_n that_o they_o be_v make_v by_o a_o oath_n or_o sacrament_n annotation_n etc._n etc._n whether_o matrimony_n be_v a_o sacrament_n in_o which_o sense_n that_o word_n be_v use_v by_o some_o divine_n or_o not_o it_o be_v not_o my_o puâ—…pose_n to_o dispute_v only_o i_o say_v that_o the_o legitimate_a contract_n of_o a_o man_n and_o woman_n to_o live_v together_o i._n e._n grant_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n whether_o it_o be_v a_o sacrament_n or_o not_o be_v sure_o a_o legitimate_a marriage_n but_o that_o copulation_n which_o the_o city_n have_v prohibit_v be_v no_o marriage_n since_o it_o be_v of_o the_o essence_n of_o marriage_n to_o be_v a_o legitimate_a contract_n there_o be_v legitimate_a marriage_n in_o many_o place_n aâ—_n among_o the_o jew_n the_o grecian_n the_o roman_n which_o yet_o may_v be_v dissolve_v but_o with_o those_o who_o permit_v no_o such_o contract_n but_o by_o a_o law_n that_o they_o shall_v never_o be_v break_v wedlock_n can_v be_v dissolve_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o city_n have_v command_v it_o to_o be_v indissoluble_a not_o because_o matrimony_n be_v a_o sacrament_n wherefore_o the_o ceremony_n which_o at_o wedding_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v in_o the_o temple_n to_o bless_v or_o if_o i_o may_v say_v so_o to_o consecrate_v the_o husband_n and_o wife_n will_v perhaps_o belong_v only_o to_o the_o office_n of_o clergyman_n all_o the_o rest_n namely_o who_o when_o and_o by_o what_o contract_v marriage_n may_v be_v make_v pertain_v to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o city_n xvii_o this_o same_o supreme_a command_n and_o power_n absolute_a power_n seem_v so_o harsh_a to_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n as_o they_o hate_v the_o very_a name_n of_o they_o which_o happen_v chief_o through_o want_n of_o knowledge_n what_o humane_a nature_n and_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v and_o partly_o also_o through_o their_o default_n who_o when_o they_o be_v invest_v with_o so_o great_a authority_n abuse_v their_o power_n to_o their_o own_o lust_n that_o they_o may_v therefore_o avoid_v this_o kind_n of_o supreme_a authority_n some_o of_o they_o will_v have_v a_o city_n well_o enough_o constitute_v if_o they_o who_o shall_v be_v the_o citizen_n convening_n do_v agree_v concern_v certain_a article_n propound_v and_o in_o that_o convent_n agitate_a and_o approve_a and_o do_v command_v they_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o punishment_n prescribe_v to_o be_v