who_o be_v supreme_a in_o his_o state_n which_o according_a to_o seneca_n may_v be_v call_v dominion_n of_o empire_n or_o else_o according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o jurisconsult_v dominion_n of_o protection_n and_o of_o jurisdiction_n another_o each_o private_a man_n have_v which_o be_v the_o dominion_n of_o propriety_n whereof_o we_o speak_v and_o wherein_o we_o now_o make_v enquiry_n one_o can_v say_v that_o god_n have_v the_o universal_a dominion_n of_o all_o thing_n but_o that_o he_o have_v therewith_o the_o propriety_n of_o those_o good_n as_o the_o king_n have_v the_o universal_a in_o all_o the_o kingdom_n and_o nevertheless_o he_o possess_v in_o private_a and_o have_v the_o propriety_n of_o that_o portion_n which_o belong_v to_o his_o own_o house_n 86._o n._n 86._o wherefore_o one_o may_v make_v a_o addition_n to_o the_o universal_a dominion_n of_o the_o prince_n with_o the_o particular_a of_o propriety_n whereby_o it_o increase_v and_o be_v augment_v but_o god_n dominion_n have_v a_o universality_n so_o excellent_a and_o so_o infinite_a that_o it_o can_v receive_v no_o addition_n and_o repugn_v to_o be_v particularise_v as_o it_o also_o repugn_v to_o be_v communicate_v to_o any_o creature_n whatsoever_o therefore_o no_o man_n can_v say_v god_n be_v master_n of_o these_o good_n i_o who_o have_v the_o same_o tribunal_n the_o same_o consistory_n and_o the_o same_o court_n as_o he_o i_o be_o master_n also_o but_o rather_o he_o be_v no_o less_o a_o servant_n of_o whosoever_o be_v least_o notwithstanding_o other_o vend_v or_o utter_v free_o without_o fear_n say_v dominus_fw-la pope_n dispensator_fw-la not_z dominus_fw-la that_o the_o pope_n be_v master_n and_o have_v the_o dominion_n and_o this_o they_o prove_v by_o the_o decretal_a of_o clement_n the_o four_o that_o the_o plenary_a disposition_n of_o all_o benefice_n belong_v to_o they_o st._n thomas_n oppose_v himself_o to_o this_o opinion_n in_o say_v that_o the_o pope_n indeed_o may_v call_v himself_o chief_a dispensator_fw-la but_o in_o no_o wise_a may_v he_o be_v call_v either_o master_n or_o possessor_n 87._o n._n 87._o which_o doctrine_n cardinal_n gaetanus_n explain_v add_v that_o the_o pope_n can_v give_v nor_o in_o any_o wise_a dispose_n of_o ecclesiastical_a good_n but_o only_o do_v with_o they_o as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v do_v be_v upon_o the_o term_n of_o dispensator_fw-la and_o gaetanus_n reason_n be_v very_o clear_a and_o efficacious_a these_o good_n be_v at_o first_o belong_v to_o a_o master_n who_o have_v transfer_v his_o dominion_n by_o donation_n or_o by_o testament_n but_o none_o of_o these_o have_v ever_o intention_n to_o give_v or_o leave_v to_o the_o pope_n therefore_o the_o dominion_n have_v not_o pass_v unto_o he_o wherefore_o the_o same_o gaetanus_n and_o adrian_n 6_o pope_n say_v that_o the_o dominion_n of_o estate_n be_v in_o the_o church_n that_o be_v in_o generality_n or_o universality_n of_o the_o faithful_a of_o the_o place_n to_o which_o the_o good_n or_o estate_n be_v leave_v so_o that_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n be_v in_o the_o universality_n of_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v know_v by_o all_o that_o universality_n in_o right_n be_v like_o a_o person_n capable_a of_o possess_v in_o which_o manner_n it_o be_v say_v such_o a_o thing_n be_v common_a to_o the_o city_n that_o be_v no_o man_n in_o particular_a but_o all_o man_n together_o they_o leave_v many_o will_n after_o this_o manner_n 88_o n._n 88_o as_o i_o leave_v to_o the_o school_n of_o st._n rocco_n rocco_n rocco_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o the_o friar_n etc._n etc._n this_o doctrine_n be_v very_o well_o confirm_v by_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o church_n and_o by_o the_o manner_n of_o speak_v of_o the_o canon_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n that_o if_o they_o be_v to_o denominate_v estate_n in_o land_n by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o person_n they_o will_v denominate_v it_o from_o he_o who_o have_v the_o dominion_n but_o all_o the_o canon_n and_o the_o ancient_a custom_n call_v they_o church_n land_n or_o good_n therefore_o she_o have_v the_o dominion_n of_o they_o neither_o have_v those_o any_o other_o opinion_n who_o say_v these_o good_n be_v christ_n because_o all_o the_o christian_a church_n from_o most_o ancient_a time_n have_v be_v denominate_v not_o only_o from_o the_o name_n of_o the_o city_n but_o also_o from_o the_o name_n of_o he_o who_o have_v be_v the_o first_o and_o the_o most_o famous_a bishop_n therein_o as_o the_o roman_a be_v call_v st._n peter_n that_o of_o alexandria_n st._n marks_n that_o of_o ravenna_n st._n apollinare_n whereupon_o the_o land_n of_o those_o church_n take_v the_o name_n of_o the_o same_o saint_n and_o the_o land_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n be_v call_v st._n peter_n wherefore_o these_o kind_n of_o phrase_n be_v read_v among_o all_o the_o ancient_a writer_n 89._o n._n 89._o viz._n st._n peter_n patrimony_n st._n peter_n land_n the_o possession_n of_o st._n peter_n the_o patrimony_n of_o st._n apollinare_fw-la the_o revenue_n of_o st._n apollinare_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o because_o christ_n be_v universal_a head_n and_o protector_n of_o all_o church_n that_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o universal_a church_n and_o to_o any_o particular_a church_n be_v call_v christ_n patrimony_n christ_n good_n or_o land_n etc._n etc._n which_o signify_v so_o much_o as_o belong_v to_o the_o church_n who_o head_n christ_n be_v not_o otherwise_o that_o the_o land_n of_o the_o republic_n of_o venice_n be_v call_v st._n mark_n that_o be_v belong_v to_o that_o republic_n which_o bear_v st_n mark_v name_n and_o true_o that_o universality_n of_o the_o church_n be_v mistress_n of_o all_o that_o be_v gain_v when_o the_o clergyman_n in_o each_o diocese_n be_v in_o common_a because_o all_o donation_n and_o all_o testament_n be_v make_v thereunto_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o these_o estate_n be_v not_o neither_o can_v they_o be_v purchase_v but_o by_o he_o to_o who_o the_o law_n grant_v the_o power_n of_o purchase_v but_o the_o law_n of_o constantine_n grant_v that_o donation_n may_v be_v make_v to_o the_o christian_a college_n 90._o n._n 90._o that_o be_v to_o the_o universality_n of_o the_o christian_n which_o be_v in_o city_n than_o the_o dominion_n belong_v to_o those_o college_n but_o after_o the_o division_n be_v make_v and_o the_o benefice_n institute_v legacy_n or_o donation_n be_v make_v unto_o particular_a church_n or_o rather_o for_o the_o most_o part_n for_o some_o particular_a pious_a work_n in_o those_o church_n wherefore_o it_o can_v be_v say_v who_o be_v the_o master_n of_o any_o thing_n whatsoever_o without_o see_v the_o bequeath_v of_o the_o will_n and_o of_o the_o donor_n whereto_o we_o be_v to_o speak_v fundamental_o we_o can_v say_v no_o more_o but_o that_o prelate_n and_o other_o clergyman_n be_v the_o governor_n administrator_n and_o dispensator_n of_o the_o church_n good_n to_o do_v therewith_o according_a to_o the_o bequest_n of_o the_o donor_n or_o the_o leaver_n and_o not_o otherwise_o and_o that_o person_n be_v master_n either_o particular_a or_o general_a in_o favour_n of_o who_o the_o donation_n or_o the_o legacy_n be_v make_v wherefore_o also_o every_o rector_n of_o a_o church_n ought_v to_o see_v diligent_o after_o the_o obligation_n leave_v he_o to_o perform_v and_o if_o it_o be_v do_v otherwise_o it_o must_v be_v impute_v to_o humane_a imperfection_n no_o man_n can_v be_v persuade_v that_o through_o length_n of_o time_n 91._o n._n 91._o he_o may_v have_v a_o prescription_n because_o that_o presuppose_v a_o good_a faith_n which_o never_o be_v in_o any_o man_n every_o one_o know_v in_o his_o conscience_n that_o those_o good_n be_v not_o leave_v to_o be_v do_v with_o as_o they_o do_v but_o in_o who_o dominion_n shall_v those_o church-land_n be_v who_o institution_n be_v not_o know_v the_o natural_a and_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v that_o in_o those_o who_o private_a patron_n or_o master_n have_v total_o fail_v the_o community_n shall_v succeed_v therefore_o the_o church_n must_v remain_v mistress_n thereof_o so_o that_o in_o few_o word_n man_n who_o be_v benefice_v be_v dispensator_n of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o benefice_n but_o master_n he_o be_v not_o in_o favour_n of_o he_o who_o make_v the_o donation_n or_o the_o will_n and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o know_v the_o church_n remain_v mistress_n it_o be_v no_o obstacle_n hereunto_o that_o there_o be_v prince_n law_n and_o ecclesiastical_a which_o forbid_v alienation_n for_o the_o pupil_n be_v true_a master_n of_o his_o own_o and_o yet_o he_o can_v alienate_v 92._o n._n 92._o dominion_n be_v a_o right_n of_o do_v what_o one_o will_v with_o a_o thing_n when_o the_o law_n permit_v which_o bind_v some_o sort_n of_o person_n with_o condition_n who_o have_v need_v of_o the_o government_n of_o other_o such_o be_v university_n or_o community_n no_o man_n ought_v
provincial_a synod_n diocesan_n synod_n consistory_n and_o they_o hold_v a_o assembly_n almost_o daily_o which_o be_v call_v the_o consistory_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o emperor_n counsellor_n to_o which_o that_o name_n be_v give_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a consistory_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o city_n church_n do_v intervene_v with_o the_o bishop_n a_o thing_n grow_v out_o of_o use_n in_o all_o place_n only_o in_o rome_n the_o image_n remain_v there_o they_o propose_v discuss_v and_o resolve_v all_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n but_o after_o that_o benefice_n be_v erect_v the_o priest_n have_v his_o live_n separate_v take_v little_a care_n of_o the_o common_a affair_n and_o cease_v from_o intervening_a in_o the_o consistory_n 66._o n._n 66._o whereupon_o that_o grow_v out_o of_o custom_n and_o instead_o thereof_o the_o bishop_n make_v a_o assembly_n of_o all_o the_o clerk_n of_o their_o cathedral_n church_n to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o as_o well_o for_o council_n as_o for_o minister_n in_o the_o government_n who_o receive_v the_o share_n of_o their_o live_n from_o the_o common_a mass_n or_o stock_n every_o year_n every_o month_n every_o day_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v call_v canon_n canon_n canon_n from_o the_o word_n canon_n which_o in_o the_o western_a empire_n signify_v the_o measure_n of_o wheat_n which_o suffice_v for_o a_o private_a man_n food_n or_o for_o a_o family_n or_o for_o a_o city_n and_o this_o institution_n of_o canon_n do_v a_o little_a precede_v the_o time_n of_o charlemagne_n by_o who_o they_o be_v also_o better_o settle_v here_o it_o be_v also_o requisite_a to_o be_v note_v that_o in_o those_o time_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o wealthiness_n of_o the_o benefice_n they_o create_v for_o bishop_n the_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o court_n and_o of_o the_o city_n to_o who_o the_o prince_n likewise_o commit_v a_o great_a share_n of_o the_o political_a government_n first_o extraordinary_o and_o then_o see_v it_o succeed_v well_o 67._o n._n 67._o ordinary_o though_o not_o in_o all_o gity_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n but_o according_a to_o the_o occurrence_n of_o the_o place_n and_o to_o the_o worth_n or_o goodness_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o also_o according_a to_o the_o little_a aptness_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o earl_n câ—nte_fw-la câ—nte_fw-la who_o be_v sometime_o supply_v by_o refer_v unto_o the_o bishop_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o when_o the_o posterity_n of_o charles_n be_v afterward_o degenerate_v and_o plunge_v into_o the_o depth_n of_o ignorance_n the_o bishop_n think_v it_o better_o for_o they_o not_o to_o acknowledge_v any_o more_o that_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v but_o to_o attribute_v it_o to_o themselves_o only_o and_o to_o exercise_v it_o as_o a_o peculiar_a of_o the_o bishop_n jurisdiction_n ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n and_o to_o call_v it_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n and_o such_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o that_o which_o we_o now_o see_v contend_v for_o with_o prince_n and_o which_o put_v a_o little_a confusion_n sometime_o in_o the_o good_a civil_a government_n the_o affair_n establish_v by_o charlemagne_n have_v no_o long_a duration_n 68_o n._n 68_o through_o the_o little_a worth_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o his_o posterity_n who_o hold_v the_o empire_n whereupon_o beyond_o the_o alps_o thing_n easy_o return_v to_o their_o first_o abuse_n the_o people_n in_o few_o place_n and_o very_o seldom_o have_v any_o share_n in_o the_o choose_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o not_o much_o in_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o other_o ecclesiastical_a minister_n but_o the_o bishop_n ordain_v and_o give_v benefice_n to_o who_o they_o please_v except_o when_o some_o man_n be_v propose_v by_o the_o prince_n in_o which_o case_n they_o fail_v not_o to_o obey_v the_o pope_n of_o rome_n be_v always_o elect_v by_o the_o people_n and_o confirm_v by_o the_o emperor_n afore_o he_o be_v consecrate_v and_o the_o other_o italian_a bishop_n be_v not_o consecrate_v unless_o the_o emperor_n have_v first_o approve_v of_o they_o in_o france_n and_o in_o germany_n much_o more_o if_o the_o pope_n be_v willing_a to_o favour_v any_o one_o in_o the_o neighbour_a bishopric_n of_o rome_n he_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o emperor_n beseech_v he_o he_o will_v vouchsafe_v to_o give_v he_o the_o bishopric_n and_o if_o any_o instance_n be_v make_v to_o he_o that_o he_o will_v grant_v the_o consecrate_v of_o any_o one_o who_o have_v not_o the_o emperor_n letter_n he_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o bring_v to_o mind_n they_o shall_v be_v first_o obtain_v but_o the_o posterity_n of_o charles_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o italy_n in_o the_o year_n 884._o 69._o n._n 69._o adrian_z the_o 3d._n make_v a_o decree_n that_o the_o pope_n shall_v be_v consecrate_v without_o the_o emperor_n it_o be_v not_o beside_o the_o argument_n that_o have_v design_v to_o treat_v of_o benefice_n we_o have_v discourse_v of_o the_o popedom_n and_o be_v yet_o to_o discourse_v of_o it_o for_o the_o future_a that_o be_v one_o among_o the_o benefice_n and_o especial_o name_v for_o a_o benefice_n by_o clement_n the_o 3d._n in_o a_o time_n when_o the_o popedom_n of_o rome_n be_v not_o only_o ascend_v to_o its_o height_n of_o greatness_n but_o have_v also_o some_o peculiar_a dignity_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o other_o and_o it_o be_v a_o most_o note_a thing_n pope_n pope_n that_o ancient_o the_o name_n of_o sanct_n we_o &_o sanctissimus_fw-la beatus_fw-la &_o beatissimus_fw-la be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o faithful_a in_o christ_n when_o all_o man_n still_o aspire_v to_o perfect_a sanctity_n afterward_o that_o secular_a man_n have_v attain_v to_o much_o more_o conveniency_n in_o worldly_a affair_n these_o name_n remain_v among_o the_o clerical_a order_n and_o after_o the_o decline_a of_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n they_o remain_v among_o the_o bishop_n only_o 70._o n._n 70._o final_o the_o bishop_n be_v give_v to_o worldly_a affair_n they_o remain_v to_o he_o of_o rome_n only_o who_o have_v retain_v they_o since_o not_o as_o title_n of_o goodness_n as_o they_o be_v but_o as_o title_n of_o greatness_n the_o name_n of_o pontifex_n pope_n or_o chief_a priest_n be_v and_o be_v common_a to_o all_o bishop_n yea_o there_o be_v yet_o some_o canon_n extant_a wherein_o all_o bishop_n be_v call_v chief_a priest_n the_o name_n of_o papa_n or_o pope_n which_o seem_v the_o most_o proper_a be_v give_v to_o each_o bishop_n st._n cyprian_n bishop_n of_o carthage_n be_v call_v pope_n st._n hierome_n give_v that_o title_n unto_o st._n augustin_n but_o in_o time_n much_o more_o recent_a sidonius_n apollinare_a call_v many_o bishop_n pope_n and_o be_v call_v pope_n by_o they_o many_o canon_n be_v in_o the_o decree_n of_o gratianus_n in_o the_o inscription_n whereof_o martin_n bishop_n of_o bracara_n in_o portugal_n be_v call_v pope_n gregory_n the_o seven_o in_o the_o year_n 1076_o seven_o the_o name_n of_o pope_n first_o make_v peculiar_a to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n by_o gregory_n seven_o be_v the_o first_o who_o decree_v that_o the_o name_n of_o pope_n shall_v be_v peculiar_a to_o he_o and_o not_o attribute_v unto_o other_o and_o it_o proceed_v so_o far_o in_o opinion_n not_o to_o say_v in_o faction_n that_o anselmus_fw-la lucensis_n one_o of_o his_o follower_n say_v that_o the_o plural_a of_o the_o name_n god_n be_v no_o less_o improper_a and_o impious_a than_o that_o of_o pope_n but_o return_v to_o the_o time_n which_o follow_v the_o line_n of_o charlemagne_n 71._o n._n 71._o in_o france_n be_v a_o fashion_n invent_v which_o though_o it_o appear_v in_o favour_n of_o secular_a man_n the_o church_n thereby_o increase_v unto_o immense_a riches_n and_o this_o be_v a_o contract_n call_v precarius_fw-la precarius_fw-la precarius_fw-la by_o which_o precarius_fw-la to_o whosoever_o that_o give_v his_o own_o to_o the_o church_n the_o church_n grant_v he_o to_o possess_v the_o same_o in_o his_o life-time_n and_o twice_o as_o much_o beside_o and_o if_o he_o will_v divest_v himself_o of_o the_o usu-fruit_n also_o they_o give_v he_o to_o enjoy_v three_o time_n as_o much_o of_o other_o good_n of_o the_o church_n afterward_o this_o go_v over_o into_o italy_n also_o the_o contract_n for_o that_o time_n prove_v profitable_a to_o he_o who_o tripled_a his_o income_n and_o accommodate_v those_o who_o be_v without_o posterity_n or_o who_o take_v care_n for_o the_o present_a without_o care_v for_o posterity_n but_o indeed_o the_o profit_n be_v the_o church_n who_o after_o his_o death_n get_v the_o estate_n entire_o great_a confusion_n in_o italy_n follow_v upon_o these_o time_n as_o well_o in_o the_o civil_a government_n as_o in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a and_o special_o in_o the_o popedom_n unto_o the_o year_n 963_o wherein_o for_o 80_o year_n 72._o n._n 72._o none_o seek_v after_o a_o true_a form_n and_o face_n of_o the_o church_n condition_n but_o only_o for_o a_o
forsake_v for_o which_o cause_n about_o the_o year_n 470_o it_o be_v ordain_v in_o the_o western_a church_n ecclesiastical_a ao._n 470._o division_n of_o good_n ecclesiastical_a that_o four_o part_n shall_v be_v make_v one_o shall_v be_v the_o bishop_n the_o second_o for_o the_o other_o minister_n the_o three_o for_o building_n of_o the_o church_n which_o comprehend_v not_o only_o the_o building_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o people_n meet_v together_o but_o also_o the_o habitation_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o other_o clergyman_n and_o of_o the_o sick_a and_o widow_n and_o the_o four_o for_o the_o poor_a but_o these_o poor_a among_o most_o of_o the_o church_n as_o st._n gregory_n relate_v be_v mean_v only_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o place_n because_o all_o the_o hospitality_n belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n 26._o page_n 26._o who_o upon_o the_o expense_n of_o his_o own_o portion_n be_v oblige_v to_o lodge_v the_o foreign_a clergy_n and_o to_o feed_v the_o poor_a which_o come_v from_o abroad_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v believe_v that_o this_o division_n be_v in_o four_o arithmetical_a and_o equal_a part_n but_o proportionable_o because_o in_o some_o church_n the_o number_n of_o the_o clergy_n require_v that_o their_o expense_n shall_v be_v great_a than_o for_o the_o poor_a on_o the_o contrary_a the_o great_a number_n of_o poor_a and_o the_o small_a number_n of_o clergyman_n require_v otherwise_o even_o as_o in_o the_o great_a city_n the_o charge_n of_o building_n be_v great_a but_o not_o so_o in_o the_o ordinary_a one_o because_o every_o church_n accept_v the_o decree_n of_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n make_v the_o division_n with_o different_a proportion_n according_a to_o their_o own_o different_a necessity_n i_o know_v that_o some_o do_v attribute_v this_o division_n to_o pope_n sylvester_n who_o be_v 150_o year_n before_o ground_v upon_o some_o feign_a scripture_n after_o with_o little_a honour_n to_o that_o age_n which_o be_v not_o then_o much_o pollute_v in_o the_o theodosian_a codicil_n 359._o ao._n 359._o there_o be_v find_v a_o law_n of_o constantius_n and_o julian_n 27._o page_n 27._o in_o the_o year_n 359_o exempt_v the_o marchant-clergy_n from_o pay_v custom_n or_o tribute_n because_o what_o they_o gain_v be_v the_o poors_z so_o far_o be_v we_o that_o the_o church_n good_n shall_v be_v divide_v that_o they_o leave_v their_o gain_n in_o common_a 550._o ao._n 550._o but_o in_o these_o year_n which_o be_v about_o 500_o although_o the_o rent_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o part_n yet_o the_o estate_n be_v not_o divide_v neither_o the_o real_a estate_n nor_o the_o oblation_n and_o alm_n but_o all_o govern_v together_o by_o the_o deacon_n and_o subdeacon_n and_o the_o income_n divide_v into_o four_o part_n which_o thing_n have_v be_v necessary_a to_o be_v mention_v in_o this_o place_n because_o in_o succeed_v time_n there_o will_v be_v declare_v such_o a_o change_n of_o government_n which_o in_o and_o through_o all_o thing_n prove_v contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_n as_o also_o the_o manner_n of_o choose_v minister_n be_v as_o be_v abovesaid_a institute_v by_o the_o holy_a apostle_n that_o bishop_n priest_n 〈◊〉_d election_n of_o bishop_n &_o 〈◊〉_d and_o other_o minister_n of_o god_n word_n and_o the_o deacon_n minister_n of_o temporal_a thing_n shall_v be_v elect_v by_o the_o universality_n or_o generality_n of_o the_o faithful_a and_o shall_v be_v ordain_v by_o the_o bishop_n with_o lay_v of_o hand_n on_o the_o head_n a_o thing_n which_o last_v without_o alteration_n the_o bishop_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o people_n 28._o page_n 28._o and_o ordain_v by_o the_o metropolitain_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o the_o cumprovincial_a bishop_n or_o else_o by_o their_o consent_n grant_v by_o letter_n from_o those_o who_o can_v not_o be_v present_a and_o if_o the_o metropolitain_n be_v hinder_v the_o ordination_n be_v make_v by_o three_o of_o the_o neighbour_a bishop_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o he_o and_o of_o those_o that_o be_v absent_a and_o after_o that_o many_o province_n for_o a_o better_a form_n of_o government_n be_v subject_a to_o one_o primate_n his_o consent_n be_v also_o require_v for_o ordain_v then_o the_o priest_n deacon_n and_o other_o clergyman_n be_v present_v by_o the_o people_n and_o ordain_v by_o the_o bishop_n or_o else_o nominate_v by_o the_o bishop_n and_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n ordain_v by_o he_o a_o unknown_a man_n be_v never_o receive_v neither_o do_v the_o bishop_n ever_o ordain_v one_o who_o be_v not_o approve_v of_o and_o commend_v or_o rather_o present_v by_o the_o people_n and_o the_o consent_n or_o interveen_n of_o the_o people_n be_v judge_v so_o necessary_a that_o pope_n leo_n the_o first_o treat_v ample_o that_o the_o ordination_n of_o a_o bishop_n can_v not_o be_v valid_a nor_o lawful_a which_o be_v not_o require_v or_o seek_v for_o by_o the_o people_n and_o by_o they_o approve_v of_o 29._o n._n 29._o which_o be_v say_v by_o all_o the_o saint_n of_o those_o time_n and_o st._n gregory_n esteem_v that_o constance_n can_v not_o be_v consecrate_a bishop_n of_o milan_n who_o have_v be_v elect_v by_o the_o clergy_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o citizen_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o persecution_n be_v retire_v to_o genoa_n and_o prevail_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v first_o send_v unto_o to_o know_v their_o will_n a_o thing_n worthy_a of_o be_v note_v in_o our_o day_n ☜_o ☜_o when_o that_o election_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v illegitimate_a and_o null_a where_o the_o people_n have_v any_o share_n thus_o thing_n be_v change_v and_o pass_v into_o a_o quite_o contrary_a custom_n call_v that_o lawful_a which_o then_o be_v account_v wicked_a and_o that_o unjust_a which_o then_o be_v repute_v holy_a sometime_o when_o the_o bishop_n be_v grow_v old_a he_o nominate_v his_o own_o successor_n thus_o st._n augustin_n nominate_v eradius_fw-la but_o that_o nomination_n be_v of_o no_o value_n unless_o it_o be_v first_o approve_v of_o by_o the_o people_n all_o which_o thing_n be_v necessary_a to_o be_v keep_v in_o mind_n to_o compare_v they_o with_o the_o custom_n and_o manner_n which_o be_v see_v to_o be_v practise_v in_o subsequent_a time_n it_o be_v necessary_a now_o to_o make_v a_o little_a digression_n for_o a_o new_a cause_n 30._o n._n 30._o which_o have_v bring_v a_o very_a great_a increase_n to_o ecclesiastical_a estate_n and_o spring_v up_o in_o these_o very_a time_n about_o the_o year_n 500_o and_o this_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o religious_a college_n call_v monastery_n 300._o ao._n 500_o monastery_n monkery_n ao._n 300._o monkery_n begin_v in_o egypt_n about_o the_o year_n 300_o those_o who_o flee_v from_o the_o persecution_n and_o from_o thence_o past_a into_o greece_n where_o by_o st._n basil_n about_o the_o year_n 370_o it_o be_v form_v in_o the_o manner_n which_o yet_o continue_v in_o those_o country_n but_o in_o italy_n about_o the_o year_n 350_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o rome_n by_o athanasius_n 350._o ao._n 350._o where_o he_o have_v but_o few_o follower_n and_o little_a applause_n in_o that_o city_n and_o in_o the_o neighbour_a place_n until_o that_o time_n of_o about_o the_o year_n 500_o when_o st._n equitius_n and_o st._n benedictus_n give_v it_o a_o settle_a form_n and_o difuse_v it_o though_o indeed_o the_o institution_n of_o st._n equitius_n extend_v itself_o but_o little_a and_o soon_o fail_v but_o that_o of_o st._n benedict_n spread_v itself_o all_o over_o italy_n and_o go_v beyond_o the_o mountain_n secular_o monk_n nor_o clerk_n but_o secular_o the_o monk_n in_o those_o day_n and_o for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o be_v not_o clerk_n but_o secular_o and_o in_o the_o monastery_n which_o they_o have_v without_o the_o city_n they_o live_v upon_o their_o own_o labour_n of_o husbandry_n and_o other_o art_n together_o with_o some_o oblation_n make_v they_o by_o the_o faithful_a all_o which_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o abbot_n but_o in_o the_o city_n they_o live_v by_o their_o work_n 31._o n._n 31._o and_o by_o that_o which_o be_v appoint_v for_o public_a expense_n by_o the_o church_n these_o retain_v their_o ancient_a discipline_n much_o long_o the_o clerk_n after_o the_o stock_n of_o the_o church_n be_v divide_v lose_v sufficient_o of_o the_o people_n divotion_n whereupon_o there_o be_v few_o who_o either_o give_v or_o leave_v any_o more_o good_n to_o they_o so_o that_o the_o acquisition_n and_o purchase_n of_o the_o church_n will_v have_v be_v at_o a_o end_n but_o the_o monk_n continue_v the_o live_n in_o common_a and_o in_o pious_a work_n be_v cause_n that_o the_o liberality_n of_o the_o people_n be_v not_o extinguish_v but_o forsake_v the_o clerk_n turn_v towards_o they_o who_o be_v great_o instrumental_a in_o increase_v ecclesiastical_a wealth_n and_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n augment_v great_o in_o possession_n and_o income_n give_v to_o they_o and_o
make_v but_o where_o they_o do_v not_o forget_v themselves_o there_o be_v none_o to_o protect_v the_o poor_a and_o as_o few_o to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o building_n the_o share_n of_o these_o two_o be_v very_o small_a and_o in_o some_o place_n nothing_o belong_v to_o either_o of_o they_o but_o all_o be_v divide_v between_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o clergyman_n beside_o also_o where_o the_o division_n be_v make_v with_o due_a proportion_n nevertheless_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o building_n 39_o n._n 39_o and_o the_o share_n of_o the_o poor_a remain_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o clergy_n they_o come_v to_o diminish_v by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o the_o other_o two_o wax_v great_a which_o evident_o appear_v for_o that_o in_o very_a few_o place_n the_o building_n have_v any_o proper_a income_n and_o for_o the_o poor_a there_o remain_v nothing_o but_o the_o hospital_n which_o be_v of_o no_o ancient_a institution_n in_o the_o beginning_n the_o share_n of_o the_o clergy_n be_v not_o divide_v among_o they_o but_o the_o bishop_n have_v a_o care_n of_o deal_n with_o each_o one_o according_a to_o his_o merit_n but_o afterward_o they_o take_v upon_o themselves_o the_o office_n of_o divide_v the_o bishop_n be_v exclude_v and_o they_o have_v their_o share_n where_o neither_o bishop_n nor_o other_o have_v to_o do_v they_o divide_v again_o among_o themselves_o so_o that_o each_o particular_a man_n begin_v to_o know_v his_o own_o and_o cease_v from_o live_v in_o common_a but_o although_o the_o rent_n or_o income_n be_v thus_o divide_v nevertheless_o all_o the_o stock_n or_o estate_n remain_v in_o one_o body_n govern_v by_o the_o deacon_n and_o subdeacon_n and_o the_o rent_n proceed_v from_o thence_o consign_v to_o the_o bishop_n and_o to_o each_o one_o of_o the_o clergy_n according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o share_n and_o in_o italy_n in_o those_o time_n the_o possession_n of_o the_o church_n be_v call_v patrimony_n patrimony_n n._n 40._o patrimony_n which_o i_o be_v willing_a to_o mention_v here_o that_o no_o man_n may_v think_v that_o this_o name_n may_v signify_v any_o supreme_a dominion_n or_o some_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n or_o of_o the_o pope_n the_o possession_n of_o each_o family_n which_o come_v from_o their_o ancestor_n in_o the_o time_n we_o speak_v of_o be_v call_v the_o patrimony_n thereof_o and_o that_o estate_n be_v call_v the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o prince_n which_o he_o have_v in_o propriety_n and_o to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o patrimony_n of_o private_a man_n it_o be_v call_v sacrum_n patrimonium_fw-la as_o be_v read_v in_o many_o law_n of_o the_o 12_o of_o the_o codice_fw-la after_o which_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o name_n of_o patrimony_n be_v give_v to_o the_o possession_n of_o each_o church_n there_o be_v see_v name_v in_o the_o epistle_n of_o st._n gregory_n not_o only_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n but_o also_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o church_n of_o arimini_fw-la the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o church_n of_o milan_n the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o church_n of_o ravenna_n the_o church_n place_v in_o city_n 41._o n._n 41._o who_o inhabitant_n be_v of_o but_o indifferent_a fortune_n have_v no_o possession_n leave_v to_o they_o out_o of_o their_o district_n but_o to_o those_o of_o imperial_a city_n as_o rome_n ravenna_n milan_n where_o senator_n and_o other_o illustrious_a person_n dwell_v possession_n be_v leave_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o world_n st._n gregory_n make_v mention_n of_o the_o church_n of_o ravenna_n patrimony_n in_o sicily_n and_o of_o another_o there_o belong_v to_o the_o church_n of_o milan_n the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v patrimony_n in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o world_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o patrimony_n of_o france_n of_o africa_n of_o sicily_n of_o the_o cottian_a alps_o and_o of_o many_o other_o but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_v st._n gregory_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n or_o suit_n at_o law_n between_o he_o and_o the_o bishop_n of_o ravenna_n for_o the_o patrimony_n of_o both_o church_n which_o be_v accommodate_v by_o transaction_n to_o gain_v also_o great_a respect_n for_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o church_n they_o be_v wont_a to_o give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o holy_a which_o that_o church_n have_v in_o great_a veneration_n so_o the_o church_n of_o ravenna_n nominate_v her_o possession_n of_o st._n apollinare_fw-la 42._o n._n 42._o and_o that_o of_o milan_n of_o st._n ambrose_n and_o the_o roman_a call_v it_o the_o patrimony_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o abruzzo_n st._n peter_n patrimony_n of_o sicily_n etc._n etc._n after_o the_o manner_n of_o venice_n where_o the_o public_a revenue_n be_v call_v st._n marks_n as_o for_o the_o patrimony_n of_o prince_n when_o they_o be_v not_o appoint_v to_o the_o soldier_n a_o governor_n be_v place_v with_o jurisdiction_n over_o cause_n which_o concern_v that_o possession_n some_o clergyman_n there_o be_v of_o the_o roman_a church_n who_o endeavour_v to_o usurp_v such_o right_n in_o the_o patrimony_n of_o that_o church_n be_v willing_a to_o right_v themselves_o without_o have_v recourse_n to_o public_a judicature_n which_o introduction_n st._n gregory_n rebuke_v and_o condemn_v forbid_v the_o do_v of_o it_o upon_o pain_n of_o excommunication_n ecclesiastical_a possession_n pay_v tribute_n to_o the_o prince_n as_o appear_v manifest_o by_o the_o canon_n si_fw-mi tributum_fw-la tribute_n tribute_n which_o be_v st._n ambrose_n and_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o constantinus_n pogonatus_n in_o the_o year_n 681_o grant_v a_o exemption_n from_o the_o tribute_n which_o the_o roman_a church_n pay_v for_o the_o patrimony_n of_o sicily_n and_o calabria_n 687._o 681._o exemption_n of_o tribute_n 687._o and_o justinian_n ritmeno_n in_o the_o year_n 687_o remit_v the_o tribute_n which_o the_o patrimony_n of_o abbruzzo_n and_o lucania_n pay_v the_o roman_a church_n receive_v not_o such_o great_a income_n from_o its_o patrimony_n as_o some_o believe_v because_o as_o history_n relate_v 43._o n._n 43._o leo_fw-la isaurus_n in_o the_o year_n 732_o consiscate_v the_o patrimony_n of_o calabria_n and_o sicilia_n 732._o n._n 732._o both_o which_o be_v mention_v to_o yield_v three_o talent_n of_o silver_n and_o half_a a_o talon_n of_o gold_n which_o make_v in_o our_o money_n not_o to_o lessen_v the_o account_n upon_o the_o variety_n of_o opinion_n how_o much_o answer_v each_o talon_n exact_o no_o great_a sum_n than_o 2500_o crown_n and_o the_o patrimony_n of_o sicilia_n much_o large_a pay_v no_o more_o than_o 2100_o crown_n it_o be_v not_o beside_o the_o subject_a of_o our_o discourse_n to_o know_v the_o particular_n which_o happen_v whilst_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o church_n remain_v in_o a_o entire_a body_n and_o under_o the_o same_o government_n although_o the_o incom_n be_v divide_v which_o can_v not_o last_v long_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o contention_n which_o arise_v among_o those_o to_o who_o the_o administration_n belong_v 44._o n._n 44._o and_o the_o other_o who_o remain_v upon_o their_o own_o discretion_n whereupon_o for_o great_a expedition_n each_o minister_n begin_v to_o retain_v the_o oblation_n for_o himself_o which_o have_v be_v make_v in_o his_o temple_n the_o which_o former_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o bishop_n that_o he_o may_v divide_v they_o but_o for_o a_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o episcopal_a superiority_n each_o one_o give_v the_o three_o part_n to_o the_o bishop_n and_o something_o over_o and_o above_o for_o honour_n which_o be_v call_v afterward_o cathedraticus_fw-la cathedraticuâ—â—_n cathedraticuâ—â—_n because_o it_o be_v give_v out_o of_o reverence_n to_o the_o cathedral_n or_o the_o episcopal_a see_n moreover_o they_o divide_v the_o estate_n and_o appoint_v every_o man_n his_o own_o share_n but_o these_o alteration_n be_v not_o make_v in_o all_o place_n at_o once_o nor_o by_o a_o public_a decree_n but_o as_o the_o use_v and_o custom_n happen_v to_o all_o they_o begin_v in_o some_o place_n and_o communicate_v they_o successive_o unto_o other_o chief_o the_o bad_a one_o which_o have_v the_o swift_a course_n and_o the_o least_o hindrance_n in_o those_o day_n when_o the_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n be_v reduce_v to_o this_o condition_n the_o public_a stock_n or_o estate_n be_v distribute_v by_o the_o prince_n unto_o military_a man_n with_o a_o charge_n that_o some_o shall_v keep_v the_o march_n or_o border_n some_o shall_v serve_v the_o prince_n in_o civil_a government_n 45._o n._n 45._o some_o to_o follow_v he_o to_o the_o war_n some_o be_v to_o guard_n city_n fort_n or_o stronghold_n and_o they_o be_v term_v or_o call_v frank_n or_o fee_n by_o the_o lombard_n and_o in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o extinct_a they_o be_v call_v beneficia_fw-la as_o give_v out_o of_o the_o prince_n beneficency_n benefice_n benefice_n for_o which_o respect_n also_o the_o name_n of_o benefice_n be_v
of_o benefice_n some_o of_o which_o require_v residency_n and_o other_o simple_o which_v oblige_v not_o thereunto_o wherefore_o the_o doctor_n declare_v the_o progress_n that_o the_o jare_v all_o be_v oblige_v unto_o residency_n not_o be_v able_a to_o say_v otherwise_o without_o pervert_v antiquity_n but_o through_o custom_n they_o say_v single_a benefice_n except_v it_o be_v a_o most_o common_a say_n beneficium_fw-la datur_fw-la propter_fw-la officium_fw-la wherefore_o these_o be_v disoblige_v from_o residency_n have_v no_o office_n it_o seem_v that_o the_o single_a benefice_n remain_v as_o a_o vain_a thing_n in_o the_o church_n for_o which_o they_o find_v a_o remedy_n by_o a_o equivocation_n the_o canonical_a hour_n which_o at_o first_o be_v celebrate_v in_o the_o church_n by_o all_o the_o fraternity_n and_o afterward_o some_o make_v it_o lawful_a for_o themselves_o to_o say_v they_o private_o about_o the_o year_n 800_o they_o acquire_v the_o name_n of_o officium_fw-la divinum_fw-la 141._o n._n 141._o which_o be_v celebrate_v by_o all_o either_o in_o common_a or_o in_o private_a the_o truth_n of_o the_o proposition_n be_v save_v beneficium_fw-la datur_fw-la propter_fw-la officium_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v for_o repeat_v the_o divine_a office_n not_o for_o serve_v the_o faithful_a people_n reside_v in_o the_o church_n and_o exercise_v the_o charge_n as_o former_o and_o this_o be_v that_o officium_fw-la answerable_a unto_o beneficium_fw-la therefore_o the_o conscience_n of_o many_o benefice_a man_n be_v secure_v by_o this_o mean_n that_o they_o may_v be_v absent_a from_o the_o church_n of_o the_o benefice_n it_o seem_v also_o necessary_a to_o find_v out_o a_o way_n that_o when_o it_o have_v be_v needful_a to_o cause_v any_o one_o of_o those_o to_o remain_v at_o court_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o residency_n it_o may_v be_v do_v without_o derogate_a from_o the_o law_n whereupon_o honorius_n the_o 3d_o about_o the_o year_n 1220_o declare_v that_o he_o who_o be_v in_o the_o pope_n service_n shall_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o reside_v nothing_o else_o remain_v but_o to_o find_v a_o way_n how_o they_o may_v take_v away_o residency_n from_o some_o rich_a benefice_n under_o cure_n which_o fail_v not_o 142._o n._n 142._o for_o it_o be_v a_o ordinary_a thing_n for_o the_o parson_n of_o the_o parish_n at_o time_n when_o he_o be_v lawful_o hinder_v to_o appoint_v a_o vicar_n to_o serve_v for_o he_o allow_v he_o a_o convenient_a stipend_n so_o it_o be_v find_v that_o they_o may_v but_o with_o the_o pope_n authority_n create_v a_o perpetual_a vicar_n appoint_v he_o a_o sufficient_a portion_n and_o leave_v the_o remainder_n to_o the_o rector_n oblige_v that_o vicar_n unto_o residency_n although_o the_o rector_n draw_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o income_n and_o remain_v free_v himself_o who_o share_n become_v as_o a_o single_a benefice_n and_o that_o of_o the_o vicar_n remain_v for_o the_o curate_n provision_n and_o as_o it_o be_v unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_a church_n that_o any_o benefice_n be_v give_v but_o for_o the_o office_n sake_n and_o therefore_o every_o one_o be_v oblige_v to_o execute_v his_o office_n personal_o so_o there_o be_v never_o one_o man_n depute_v unto_o two_o charge_n or_o office_n not_o only_o for_o be_v impossible_a when_o they_o be_v to_o be_v exercise_v in_o different_a place_n but_o also_o because_o those_o holy_a man_n account_v it_o no_o small_a matter_n to_o perform_v one_o well_o and_o there_o be_v many_o canon_n to_o which_o ancient_a institution_n be_v refer_v that_o one_o can_v be_v ordain_v to_o two_o title_n nor_o serve_v in_o two_o church_n 143._o n._n 143._o in_o those_o time_n when_o benefice_n be_v distinguish_v into_o such_o as_o have_v residency_n and_o such_o as_o have_v not_o consequent_o it_o be_v come_v to_o be_v say_v without_o benefice_n with_o residency_n and_o without_o that_o of_o those_o where_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o serve_v in_o one_o own_o person_n a_o man_n may_v have_v more_o than_o one_o and_o there_o arise_v a_o distinction_n of_o compatible_a incompatible_a benefice_n patible_a and_o incompatible_a and_o of_o incompatible_a benefice_n those_o which_o require_v residency_n be_v incompatible_a among_o themselves_o a_o man_n be_v not_o able_a to_o divide_v himself_o into_o different_a place_n but_o these_o with_o other_o and_o they_o among_o themselves_o be_v compatible_a see_v it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o serve_v personal_o however_o in_o the_o beginning_n they_o proceed_v in_o this_o matter_n with_o great_a respect_n and_o go_v no_o further_a than_o to_o say_v only_o when_o a_o benefice_n be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o the_o clerk_n live_v he_o may_v have_v another_o incompatible_a but_o they_o never_o dare_v go_v on_o to_o the_o three_o much_o less_o unto_o the_o second_o if_o the_o first_o have_v be_v sufficient_a the_o authority_n be_v never_o extend_v far_o unto_o the_o bishop_n 144._o n._n 144._o but_o it_o be_v add_v to_o the_o pope_n that_o he_o may_v have_v authority_n to_o grant_v more_o than_o two_o if_o both_o be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o a_o live_n and_o this_o sufficiency_n for_o live_v be_v cut_v out_o very_o large_o by_o the_o canonist_n for_o they_o say_v that_o a_o mere_a priest_n live_v comprehend_v not_o only_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o person_n benefice_v but_o for_o his_o family_n for_o his_o kindred_n for_o three_o servant_n and_o for_o one_o horse_n and_o also_o to_o receive_v stranger_n but_o when_o the_o beneficy_v be_v noble_a or_o learned_a so_o much_o more_o beside_o that_o as_o may_v equalise_v his_o nobility_n and_o that_o which_o they_o say_v for_o bishop_n be_v wonderful_a and_o for_o cardinal_n let_v the_o common_a say_n of_o the_o court_n suffice_v aequiparantur_fw-la regibus_fw-la equal_a to_o king_n but_o all_o this_o proceed_n with_o the_o ordinary_a term_n that_o through_o dispensation_n every_o canonist_n hold_v that_o the_o pope_n may_v grant_v to_o one_o to_o hold_v what_o number_n of_o benefice_n he_o please_v and_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la dispensation_n of_o the_o plurality_n of_o benefice_n go_v on_o so_o far_o 145._o n._n 145._o that_o john_n the_o 22d_o about_o the_o year_n 1320_o revoke_v they_o all_o restrain_v the_o dispensation_n unto_o two_o benefice_n only_o which_o be_v do_v with_o reserve_v to_o himself_o the_o dispose_v of_o other_o as_o shall_v be_v declare_v in_o speak_v of_o reserve_v it_o be_v not_o then_o believe_v he_o have_v do_v it_o to_o take_v away_o the_o abuse_n but_o for_o gain_v chief_o because_o that_o pope_n be_v a_o subtle_a inventor_n of_o way_n to_o increase_v the_o treasury_n and_o time_n give_v testimony_n thereof_o for_o it_o return_v not_o only_o to_o its_o pristine_a plurality_n but_o also_o unto_o great_a and_o as_o far_o as_o our_o time_n we_o have_v see_v and_o do_v see_v dispensation_n without_o measure_n all_o the_o canonist_n and_o the_o casuist_n agree_v that_o such_o dispense_v aught_o still_o to_o be_v give_v for_o a_o lawful_a cause_n and_o that_o the_o pope_n sin_n if_o he_o grant_v they_o without_o it_o but_o if_o that_o which_o be_v of_o value_n in_o the_o dispensation_n grant_v without_o lawful_a cause_n be_v excuse_v they_o do_v not_o agree_v other_o say_v that_o it_o excuse_v before_o god_n and_o before_o man_n other_o that_o it_o serve_v to_o avoid_v the_o penalty_n of_o the_o canonical_a law_n and_o that_o in_o conscience_n and_o before_o god_n it_o avail_v not_o this_o opinion_n be_v follow_v by_o the_o most_o godly_a man_n 146._o n._n 146._o the_o first_o be_v most_o grateful_a to_o the_o court_n who_o be_v not_o please_v to_o have_v any_o law_n impose_v which_o may_v regulate_v the_o pope_n authority_n chief_o in_o beneficial_a matter_n because_o some_o of_o they_o hold_v also_o though_o with_o great_a contention_n of_o other_o that_o the_o pope_n can_v also_o grant_v many_o cure_v benefice_n through_o dispensation_n however_o they_o have_v not_o make_v use_n of_o that_o opinion_n see_v they_o have_v find_v out_o other_o way_n to_o bestow_v many_o cure_v benefice_n with_o colour_n and_o pretext_n which_o shall_v appear_v but_o one_o commendation_n union_n and_o commendation_n and_o these_o invention_n take_v beginning_n in_o the_o time_n abovesaid_a one_o of_o these_o way_n be_v union_n the_o other_o commendation_n of_o which_o it_o will_v behoove_v we_o to_o speak_v anon_o it_o be_v a_o most_o ancient_a thing_n that_o when_o a_o people_n by_o accident_n of_o war_n of_o plague_n or_o by_o inundation_n be_v reduce_v to_o such_o a_o small_a number_n that_o it_o can_v not_o support_v the_o charge_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o minister_n the_o bishop_n give_v the_o cure_n of_o that_o people_n unto_o the_o neighbour_a parish_n and_o together_o with_o that_o apply_v the_o small_a income_n and_o this_o be_v call_v unite_n of_o two_o parish_n 147._o n._n 147._o in_o like_a manner_n when_o city_n be_v diminish_v