for a soft sort of People calling them Prassinos which signifies green A Basha saying it was as impossible to see a wise Sciote as to see a green horse All the time that the Vizier was here there wàs not the least disorder amongst the Officers but all were in dovere and notwithstanding here were upwards of fifty thousand strangers in town and in the Fleet the price of provision was not advanced The Town lyes about 12 miles from the Asian shore almost opposite to a very strong Castle called Chisme From whence they are supply'd with most of their Provision Scio not affording sufficient for the Inhabitants and those passengers which are continually here All Vessels from Constantinople bound for the South usually call in here both going and coming There are above 30 Villages upon the Island which are well inhabited most by Greeks those who belong to the Mastick Villages to the South-ward have their hair long The time for gathering the Mastick is in August and September The Customer goes out to the Villages where they receive him with musick and feasting What Mastick is gathered it is all delivered to the Customer for the Grand Signiors use and he soon dispatches it up to Constantinople to serve in the Serraglio for several uses What remains of the Grand Signiors store the Customer sells to merchants It is very dangerous for the Inhabitants to keep any Mastick by them In Turky they use it to chew and some mixe it in their bread The Turks call it Sackes and the Island has the same name The Italians call it Mastice and Masticare is to chew When any company of women meet in Turky some Mastick is brought them on a server and each taking a little they are chewing and spitting most of the time It is comical to see the old women roale it about their gumms the effects which they finde by it are that it carrys away the flegme cleanses and prevents the aking of the teeth and causes a sweet breath Here is a continual watch kept round the Island when they see any ships or other Vessels in the day time they make a smoak and in the night shew lights the last Tower sends a man to acquaint the Customer what Vessels are on the Coast If any passengers land in any part of the Island the Sentinells accompany them to the Customer who inquires whence they came and what business they have there this is to prevent spies Betwixt this Island and the main are several small Islands called Spalmadori which are much frequented with Privateers as those before Metelino they lye about 12 miles to the North from the City In the year 1666 a Malta ship Commanded by the Chevalier Tincourt was at anchor between those Islands a fisher man passing by sees the ship and coming to Scio finds the Captain Basha with about 40 Gallys And going immediatly to him asked for Mustalook a gift upon good tydings for he had news to tell him The Basha hearing the news order'd the boat-man to have 10 dollars and put to Sea it being very calm The Sentinells from the Hills came down and acquainted Monsieur Tincourt that the Turkish Fleet was rowing toward the Islands so he with his boats towed the ship out to the Eastward before the Gallys came up to him and had time to provide himself to receive them A desperate Fight was maintain'd for several hours and not a breath of wind stirring so as the ship lay to their mercy and was boarded by them several times but were forc't off again leaving many men dead behind them In the afternoon a fresh gale of wind began at which those in the ship took courage and Forc't the Basha to retire under the Guns of the Castles of Scio Firing several broad sides into the Town The Captain Basha sent to the Capucins to have them to go off in a Boat and perswade the Captain to forbear firing into the Town The Capucins went aboard carrying some fresh provision as a present desiring Monsieur Tincourt to forbear for that most damage was to the poor Christians So he retir'd and went to Micone to repair his ship He was a French man born not above 24 years of age he built and fitted out the ship at his own charge stiling himself the Champion of Christ His Father or Uncle dyed in sight against the Turks while he was but a child to revenge whose blood he took this resolution not above two months after his ship was cast away on the Island of Scyros where he perished and of two hundred and fifty men not above 5 escaped which caused a great grief to all who had heard of his Valour He had not been in the Archipelago above two months before he Fought with the Turkish fleet and intended to have past the Dardanelli as a merchant ship so to do what mischief he could to the City of Constantinople by firing against it and then to make his escape out of the Castles or perish in the Action I lived in Smyrna when this fight was and had the particular relation from one of the Capucines The profit which the Turks receive from Scio is double what any other Island in the Archipelago payes Nor are there any subjects in the Turks Dominions of Greeks that are richer Their Habit is different from all other Islanders The women have their Coats to their ancles their bodys short and thick wasted their head dress with Linnen close to their ears raised up behind not unlike the Doge of Venice his Cornet in which their hair is laid They esteem great Leggs and little Feet some to be in the fashion will have 4 or more pair of stirrop Stockens Before their breasts hangs a bibb which reaches a little below their wast under it they have their hands cover'd when they are abroad when they dance a round dance they hold a pocket handkercheif in their hands that they may not have their hands touch't They have ear-rings neck-laces and braceletts of gold The men wear strait body'd Jackets with 4 broad skirts below the wast strait kneed breeches to button or tye at the knees shoes and stockens most according to the Genoueses they have a broad lappet of Linnen fastned to the neck-band of their shirts which hangs down behind over their backs Their hair is cut short to their Ears and generally they wear little red capps or broad brim'd hatts But their Vecchiardi do wear long loose Garments over their Jackets and breeches NICARIA formerly called ICARIA Lyes to the North of Scio about 25 miles distant It is in compass about 70 miles having no Harbour for great shipping and therefore uncapable of any trade The land is also very barren being most Mountainous and rocky so that they of Samos have a saying that when God made those Islands he order'd all the rubbish should be cast upon Icaria which they have no great reason to say for they have their share also of Mountains The Inhabitants
ship which tarryed some time at Constantinople and in her return called in at Messina Legorne and several Ports of Spain having undergone many stormes at Sea and at last arrived in safety in the River of Thames At Wollwich she was hall'd into the dry Dock and being searched there was found a great piece of a rock in the bottom of her so fast in that it could not but with much difficultie be got out It passed the keel of the ship and was so close fixed in that it stopt the water from coming in This piece of Rock was carried to his Majestys Closet at Whitehall where it is carefully preserved The Islands in the Gulf of SMYRNA THere are 5 Islands which are not inhabited nor have they at present any distinct name saving one which is the largest known to the English by the name of the Long Island by other Nations Isola d' Eglese It is about 10 miles in length and not very broad There are some ruins in it which shew it was formerly inhabited and the ruins of a large Temple is still to be seen Another Island there is in the Bay close to the land near Vurlaw which a Greek told me was held in great Veneration in former times having had several fair buildings now nothing remains great or remarkable but the Cave which is cut out of a firm Rock almost square and supported with 4 pillars of the same Rock To the Eastward is part of an Altar in the middle is a Well but the water is not fit to be drank it is so brackish From the Island it is about a quarter of a mile to the maine where formerly was a made-way in the Sea for people to pass over being 30 Foot broad This way is now almost consumed yet I have past over it on horseback This Island I judg must be the once famous Classomene The other Islands are of no note The HELLESPONT or entrance into the Sea of CONSTANTINOPLE THE Hellespont called by the Turks Bogass Hisar is the Southern-most strait between Europe and Asia the two Capes or head lands are Cape Grego on the European and Cape Janizary on the Asian shore which are about two miles one from the other having two new Castles which stand low and opposite to each other and were built after the great fight betwixt the Venetians and Turks in the year 1656 close under the old Castles These two Castles have no other name then the New Castles and the Cape has the same name although it be corrupted by our Seamen who call it Cape Janizary taking the word Yenni bysar new Castles for Janizary a Soldier as also going into Smyrna they call Cape Giobernole for Cara Borun From the new Castles to the old is about 20 miles These latter are not a mile wide formerly here were the Cities of Sestos and Abidos and these are by the Italians called the Dardanelli I believe from the ruins of a City formerly called Dardanum not far distant The Castles stand opposite to each other having above 100 Guns in each most of which lye level with the water so as it is almost impossible any ship should pass upward without leave The Gunners there are expert Marksmen I have seen tryall made of their skill In the year 1670 the Captain Basha was there when an empty Butt was cast into the Sea about a mile above the Castles which the Stream brought down and it being come between them in two shott it was sunk When the Basha departed he was saluted with two shott one past just at the Prow the other under the Poop of his Gally so near as the water spry'd into the Gally Here is a continual tyde or current which runs downwards to the South so strong as a Gally can hardly with a full stroak gain way against it nor was it ever known that the Stream did run upwards In the year 1665 I was a passenger in the Sampson Captain Samuel Chamblet Commander from Smyrna to Constantinople the winds being contrary we lay at anchor without the new Castles from May till the beginning of August for here in the Summer time the winds are most Northerly Our chief Mate Mr Frith was a very great Artist and often would make tryalls about the current which runs downwards he found that some times the water returned upward about 3 fathom deep when at the same time it run swift downwards above This experiment he tryed several times with one and the same effect Past the Hellespont the Island of Marmora shews it self being but small it has its name from the quantity of Marble which is there Several Slaves are employ'd to cut it out and some old Gallys transport it to Constantinople for the building those stately Mosques Bagnos and Palaces wherein it now flourishes Against the Gulph of Montania is the Island of Papa not inhabited About 16 miles from Constantinople are 7 Islands which some call the Islands of Princepe tho' one only hath that name which is the largest to it the Grecian Emperors did use to banish their Sons if guilty of any great fault now only one is inhabited called Chalcis which is to the No. of Princepe there being a small Village and two Monasterys in it Being so near to Constantinople I must give the Reader a short view of it The scituation for pleasantness and conveniencie and the Port for largness and security may sue for preeminence above all others The River between Constantinople and Galata is not broader then the Thames at London-bridge but hath much deeper water so that no bridg can be made over The largest ships may have their heads ashore and 18 fathom water at their stern The Arsenal next to that at Venice is the best in Europe The broadest street in Constantinople is not so broad as Lumbard street Very few houses if any are above three stories high they are built most with timber Their shops warehouses are most by the water side to which all people flock in the day time which makes it seem to be so populous The Grand Signor's Serraglio is seated on the most East point of the City having a prospect up into the Bosphorus 't is surrounded with a high wall near two miles round having upwards of 400 large Cypress trees regularly planted in it with many fair Summer-houses without the wall close to the Sea side The Turks call this City Stamboll to signify that it is abounding in all things and indeed it is the best supplyed with Flesh Fish Fowl Fruit and Corn of any great City in Europe Many having given a large account of it already I will forbear enlarging thereon In the year 1665 a Quaker who lived in Dover was perswaded to come to Constantinople to convert the Grand Signior those who set him on the design perswading him that he should have the gift of Tongues but he was disappointed in that and all other his expectations and without seeing the Grand Signor or
abundance of Cyprus trees Bonifacia stands on a rising ground having only the Walls of a Castle The Inhabitants are most Greeks very poor here is a Metropolitan who pretends to be next to the Arch-Bishop of Candia There are two Italian Churches the dores are made up with Walls to keep Cattle from going in The Greeks have four small Churches but one will contain more then all the Inhabitants They have now new named the place calling it Malafacia instead of Bonifaci good Face it being so much alter'd from what it was in former time From Bonifacia to the Labarinth is about 10 miles or three hours riding with most a plain Several men have several opinions about this building if I may call it so But one Signior Venetando who was born in a neighbouring Village gives this account that a certain King of this Island had so great a hatred for all women that he order'd this place for his Court and at last lived so private that he would not suffer any to come to him but such as ruled in his stead He would seldome come out but to worship at a Temple dedicated to Jupiter which stood close by it In this Labarinth he ended his days and had a famous Tombe built for him the ruins of which they shew you The Labarinth is above two miles about being so covered on the top with earth as it seems to be all of firm land we entred it with two torches and candles in Lanthornes having a line to direct us out again The way is plain under foot and archt over head some arches being about 10 foot high some more some less with several windings I made it my business to observe if there was any thing of a building in the pillars or sides but found it most an entire stone which they told me so cemented together that indeed it appeared so Here are a great many small places about 4 foot long 2 broad and 2 over which were for burying places There are abundance of batts which hang in clusters some are larger than ordinary We endeavoured to fright them scorching their wings by which we found there was life in them their sleep is observ'd to be much more sound with a No. wind than with a So. wind as the spring comes on they leave their palace We had almost ended our line being about 100 pikes which is above 80 yards and then returned out being a good hour in the Labarinth The damps are very great against rain it is always dropping but very dry with Northerly winds At the end is a lake and they tell you that some have attempted to go to it and have been drawn into it Our curiosity did not invite us to see it for were it not true as in probability 't is not the noisom smells are enough to stifle one To the South and close by is a small Village with two Churches which seem to have been Temples To the S with about 10 miles distant is that famous and great Mountain called Psillo Vuona formerly Mount Ida at 4 of the Clock it casts a shadow on the Labarinth on it are many pleasant Monasteries with Groves of Cypress trees and abundance of Fountains Some say the Coast of Barbary may be seen from the top From the Labarinth to Candia is about 10 hours riding most in a plain till within 10 miles of the City At the right hand about a mile from the road is a most stately Monastery dedicated to our blessed Saviour which was built by order of the Emperor Constantine the Great It hath always been continued to the Greeks and kept its splendor till the late Warr when it was much defaced There are abundance of Monasterys but very poor and some are shut up for want of Priests Candia Novo is about 6 miles from the City of Candia Southward being a strong Castle having Mount Jove to the West Here the Turks kept their Treasure and Ammunition in the Siege of Candia It is seated very pleasantly on a rising ground giving a prospect to the Sea. It is now chiefly inhabited by Greeks the Castle has a Garrison of Turks which the Basha intended to bring to Candia and demolish the Castle having writ to the Port about it but he had no answer Candia so famous and generally known for the brave defence it made against the Turk appears by the ruins to have been one of the best built Citys in the midd-land Seas It is seated on the North side of the Island almost midd-way between Canea and Sittia in a pleasant Bay having an artificial Port secured from the N o wind by a Mole about 200 yards long with a strong and large Castle at the head called Castel del Molo having 20 great Guns From the South is a low point of land which runs into the Sea No. which secures it from the Easterly wind 's and makes the entrance not above 30 yards wide upon this point of land the Turks have built a cover'd way with a very thick wall full of holes for small shot strongly arch't over reaching from the Arsenal to the entrance into the Port where is a small Fort with 4 great Guns also very strongly arch't over so as no Bomb can offend it At the right hand at coming out of the Gate to the Mole is a new Fort built with 4 very great Guns which lye level with the water over them are 8 smaller Guns This Fort is opposite to the mouth of the Port and is arch't over to prevent danger from Bombs or wild fire On the Mole are several great Guns planted with arches over them To the East of the Arsenal is the old Castle called La Battaria del Arsenal which is rebuilt with a ditch round it to bring in the Sea most cut out of a firm Rock The Port is almost round and secure against any wind for Gallys and smaller Vessels but there is not water enough for ships of any considerable bigness It is fill'd very much with the rubbish that the rains carryed into it from the City and would certainly have been choakt up in a few years had it not been for a French Merchant one Monsieur Dudei who to ingratiate himself with the Basha caused an Engine to be brought from Marselle to cleanse it There are the ruins of 12 Arches of the Arsenal and about 6 Arches are yet entire but they use them only to work in when the Gallys are there No Gallys having been built here The City is not repair'd towards the land where the Walls are so much shaken that it will require a great deal of time and cost to fortify them From the Port towards the West upon the Wall are 50 large Guns planted The Fort of St Andrea at the N. Wt. of the City is well repaired having a double wall towards the Sea. In all there are about 400 Guns planted on the Walls and out-works which are 6 miles in circumference The Gates of Candia are the best
a man be hot in the plain in riding two or three hours up the hills he shall find so great an alteration in the air as is incredible About 15 miles from Retimo is a lovely Fountain called Bognare Bashe standing so between two mountains that at 2 in the afternoon it is shady continuing so all the rest of the day The water is so cold as will cause a dew upon any fruit that is put into it and be one never so hot to drink of this water it will do him no harm In the Summer time here are always some persons of Quality who bring their beds and continue for several days together The Sfacioti are a healthy strong and stout people they pretend to be of a very Ancient Stock some there are who derive their family from before the coming of our Saviour I saw a Callojero that was 110 years of age he was very lusty and could walk very well with a staff Part of these hills are under the Jurisdiction of the Bishop of Retimo and part under that of Canea From Retimo to Canea the Road is most by the Sea side passing by the Bay of Suda having the mountains of Sfacia on the left hand Canea is seated in a fine plain about 3 miles from the bottom of the Bay of Suda and upon the Sea to the North having a very fair harbour which may be called a double Port the one being round the other stretching away to the Eastward where are two Arsenals It is secure against the worst of weathers The entrance is narrow and not above 18 foot water To the West of which the Turks have built a new battery with 20 very large Guns and above it to the South is a great Cittadel in which are 40 good Guns To the East of the Entrance is another great Castle which commands the part called the Sabioniera with the Arsenal Round about the Port is a broad key which is always full with merchandize and is little inferior to the Port at Marseilles The houses are all very well built and not much batter'd The Walls are in very good repair having a dry ditch about 30 yards broad and 6 deep from the land on the other side The Walls are about 30 foot high within them the earth is raised about 10 foot higher than the Walls there being a walk between There is a mount which they call the Marteningo where formerly were 10 Guns but now it is of no use Toward the land there are 4 Bastions To the South is the great gate called La Porti di Retimo To the West is a mace placed on the Wall to shew where a Basha at the taking of the place first enter'd the City before the Gate is a half moon built of earth about 20 foot high at each end is a small Pyramid of mortar and sculls which are the sculls of Christians who were slain before the place in the year 1666. The Venetians then attempting to regain the place under the conduct of Marquis Vila a Savojard 5000 men were landed at Culatte at the bottom of the Bay of Suda and were encamped before the City several days The Turks sallyed out of the City to the Wt. surprizing the Christians and had a very great victory pursuing them to the Fort which was built at the bottom of the Bay. In this flight there were above 1500 killed and several taken Prisoners amongst the latter was one Captain Scot a Scotch-man who had his hand upon the draw-bridg of the City he was carryed afterwards to Smyrna in the Gally's and there redeem'd by the English Merchants but when he came to Venice his arrears were paid him and he returned his ransom to Smyrna which remain'd in bank till another like occasion should present it self The City is near three miles in circumference and is much better Inhabited than Candia having a Basha and other officers as in Candia only in all Councils the other hath the precedence The Country about is very pleasant being all a plain for above 6 miles to the South and West planted with young Olive trees so that it seems to be a Garden It is well supply'd both with Flesh and Fish of the latter there is great store for besides the Sea there is a Lake about 10 miles to the South which furnishes them with great variety of all sorts The trade is much greater here than at Candia it lying so convenient for the Morea Italy and other places The French have a great trade for oyl wools wax cheese and several other commodities having a Consul and two Merchants The Venetians have also a Consul but most of their oyl is shipped off from Suda to which place it is brought from Retimo and other places thereabout All great ships come to an anchor at a place called St Todoro being 2 small Isletts about 5 miles to the West of the Port of Canea there is very good anchorage and a small Fort to defend them On one Island notwithstanding it seems to be all stone and is very low there are several Fountains of water No Greeks live within the City They have a new town built to the South about half a mile off where are two long streets very commodious and here they injoy all the liberty they desire their Churches are open and the Bishop hath a very pleasant house living in good Esteem Close to this town runs a pleasant River which is seldom dry There are likewise several pleasant gardens well stock't with all sorts of delicious fruits The Turks have also some gardens here but they must retire into the City an hour before Sun set winter and summer or else must remain out all night the gates being then shut and a strict watch kept about the Walls The Turks of this place are generally very rich and incline to trade giving all encouragement to have Merchants come and reside amongst them There was an English merchant here one Mr Trenchard who was recommended to the French Consul to have his assistance but in a little time he grew weary of the place Here they keep their oyl in great Vessels called Tini which are square and made of wood some will hold 20 Tunns They have a special regard to preserve the esteem of their oyl nor will they force a merchant to take any longer than it comes clear not mixing the bottoms as in some parts they will by taking a hollow cane and putting it to the bottom by blowing through which they raise the foot of the oyl so that thick and thin goes together Here they sell the Foot of the oyl at an under price and this serves to make sope Most parts of Turky have an Esteem for Canea oyl above others Some will have it to be the better for that the trees are all so young others impute it to their care in the making for here they gather all their Olives whereas in the Morea they thrash them down with poles The wines are
GREECE with part of ANATOLIA La Graecia con Parte della Natolia ADVERSIS MAIOR PAR SECUNDIS To the Rt. Hon. Râ— Hencage Earle of Winchiâ—â—eâ—â—â—iscount Maidstone Baron Fitz Herbert of east Well Lord of the Royall Manour of 〈◊〉 Lord Leivtenant of the County of Kent and of the City and County of Canterbury Ambass adr. Extraordinary To the Grand Signeor in Ano. 1660. This Mapp is humbly D. D By B. Randolph Barnard Randolph Author Sold By Richard Palmer In Fuâ—â—â—â—ds Rents near Grayes Inn. And Tho Terrey at the Red Lyon without Newgate R. Palmer sculp THE PRESENT STATE OF THE ISLANDS IN THE ARCHIPELAGO Or ARCHES Sea of CONSTANTINOPLE and Gulph of SMYRNA With the Islands of CANDIA and RHODES Faithfully Describ'd by BER RANDOLPH To which is Annexed an INDEX Shewing the Longitude and Latitude of all the Places in the New Map of Greece Lately Published by the same Author Printed at the THEATER in OXFORD 1687. A. Terra ferma d' Achaja B. Citta di Negroponte C. Borghi D. Castello del Scoglio A. Part of Achaja B. City of Negroponte C. Suburbs or new Town D. Castle on the Islet NEGROPONTE LA Citta di Negroponte Capitale dell ' Isola di quel nome La quale ha doi miglia di Circuito senza li Borghi Dalli Greci su chiamata Calcis è devisa dalla Terra ferma della Provincia d' Achaja di un braccio di Mare nominato L'Euripo ò vero il Stretto di Negroponte Un Imperatore di Costantinopoli la donò con tutta L' Isola alli Signori Venetiani Il Anno 1204 per li Grandi Servitii che quella Republica hà resi al Imperio Diverse volte li Turchi minacciorono di pigliarla mà in riguardo della Fortezza del Sito differirono sin all' Anno 1469. E. Mahometto il Grande mandò una Armata di pus di 300. Navi Gallere altri bastimenti sottili Comparendo pol Iati in Persona alla Testa di Cento e vinti mille huomini Assedin la Citta per Mare è per Terra più d'un mese di continuo trauagliandola in piu forme Gli furono dati piu di vinti Assalti Generali Di Presedio è Guarniggione ui erano più di vinti quatro mille huomini che valorosamente resisterono al Nemico Sprezzando Il Offerte fattegli per rendere La Piazza La Citta fù presa per Assalto Generale a puochissimi del Presidio fù data La Vita Un Nobile Venetiano di Casa Erizzo con una picciola parte de suoi se retirò nel Castello del Scoglietto mà non poteva resistere a tante Forze havendo il Gran Signore promesso di donargli la vita si rese dopo fù per ordine suo segato per mezzo Una figlia toltagli fù tagliata in pezzi per non volere assentire alla volontà libidinosa del Tiranno In questa Speditione il Turco hà perduta più di quarauta mille huomini La Citta per hora è ben fortificata con Fortezze nove Le Fosse sono fatte piu fonde piu Larghe di quel che erano NEGROPONTE THE City of Negroponte Capital of the Island of that Name is two miles in Circuit without the Suburbs By the Greeks it was called Calcis and is devided from the main Land of the Province Achaja by an Arm of the Sea called the Euripo or Streight of Negroponte An Emperour of Constantinople gave it with the whole Island to the Venetian Lords Anno 1204. for the great Services that that Republick had render'd to the Empire Diverse times the Turks threatned to take it but in regard of the strength of its scituation they desisted till the year 1469. Mahomet the Great sent a Fleet of above 300 Ships Gallys and smaller Vessels he in Person appeared at the Head of above 〈◊〉 hundred thousand men besieging the City by Sea and Land above a month in which time above twenty assaults were given The Garrison were above twenty four thousand who Valiantly resisted the Enemy despising the offers made them to surrender the place The City was taken by General Storm very few of the Besieged were spared alive A Noble Venetian of the Family of Erizzo with a small Party of his retir'd into the Island Castle but could not resist so great a Power And the Grand Signior having promised to spare his life surrender'd himself He was afterwards sawn asunder by the Grand Signiors command and his Daughter cut in pieces for refusing to yield to the lustful will of that Tyrant The Turks lost above forty thousand men in this Siege The City is now well fortified with new fortifications and the Ditches made deeper and wider than they formerly were Sold by Mr. Nott in the Pall-Mall Mr. Basset at the George in Fleet-street Mr. Bennet at the Half-Moon in St. Paul's Church-yard and Mr. John Hill in Exchange-Alley NEGRO PONTE Anciently called EUBOEA IT Lyes to the North of Boeotia extending North West and South East about 120 miles Its Breadth at the broadest place not above 30. It was taken from the Venetians in the year 1471. The soil is very fertile affording all sorts of Graine Wine and Oyle as likewise Flesh and Fowl the Sea abounding with Fish Since the Turks have had possession of it most of the Greeks are Fled from the Villages and Townes So as the inland places are mostly supplyed by Albaneses who are the Shepherds and serve the Turks at their Farmes Formerly here were two Citys and 500. Townes and Villages Now there is but one which can be called a City which is the ancient Chalcis and now hath the name of the Island by the Turks it is called Egriboz It stands on a point of Land having the Sea two Thirds about it Betwixt it and the Maine is a small Island with a strong Castle From the Maine to the small Island is a bridge built upon six good Arches and thence to the Maine Castle is a draw-bridge about 30 yards Long. The Maine Castle is two miles in compass fortified with six very large Towers or Rondells The walls are high and thick with a dry ditch to the Land which is almost filled up with rubbish To the South of the Castle is a new Platt-Forme with severall very large Gunns which carry stone Shot of about 18 inches diameter When I was there in the year 1676. a Renegado was taken He was a Greek born on the Island of Candy turned Turk when the Vizier was at the Siege of Candy afterwards he marryed at Scio and lived very well but upon some discontent he made his escape from Scio and got to the Privateers of Malta with whom he lived some years landing on this Island he with some others were surprized and taken His companions were condemned to the Gallys but his sentence was to be shott away out of one of these great
Bridg I will not trouble the Reader with the several opinions that men have about it only that it has been observed by several others as well as my self that sometimes it will pass contrary at the one side to the other and this commonly on a Southerly wind The next Island we come to in rank to the East is ANDROS This keeps its name being called by the Turks Endros The Inhabitants are all Greeks having a good large Town to the NEt. with no other walls but those of their houses which join together At the end of the lanes are Gates which every night are shut to keep out the Privateers In the Mountains are several small Villages which are built so convenient as they can see an Enemy long before he comes so they have time to hide themselves and the best of their goods in places made by their Industry in the Rocks Upon the whole Island there are not above 3000 Inhabitants They have a great many Mulberry trees and some years make above 10000 pound of Silk They agree at Constantinople for about 10000 Dollars yearly tho it stands them in above 12000 besides what the Privateers steal from them Corn and Wine are here very plentifull but their main stock is raised from Silk and Cattle with the latter and other provisions they supply Tine There are several good Harbours for small Vessels but only one for ships which is to the SEt. TINE formerly called TENOS And by the Turks Stendill lyes to the SEt. of Andros being about 70 miles in compass and the highest land of any of the Islands in the Archipelago It is under the Venetian Government and withstood the Turks all the warrs notwithstanding they landed their Army several times In the year 1658. the Captain Basha came to a Port to the Nh. called La Colebitre when in the night he landed 6000 men hoping to surprize them But the vigilant Islanders soon fled from their habitations and betook themselves to the Castle surrounding the hill under the great Gunns The Proveditore dispatcht away a Felucca to acquaint the Captain General at Argentiero and the Turks finding they could not take the Castle destroyed the Country burnt the houses and carryed away about 10 slaves The Castle stands on a high rock on the top of the Mountain It is much higher than any other part of the Island so as it may be discerned at both sides of the Island Upon any occasion of rejoycing Fires were made upon the top of the Castle which have been seen at the Island of Scio. The Inhabitants are most Greeks but these the greatest part are Roman Catholicks who have here a Bishop His Palace is at a place called Campos to the NWt. of the Castle distant from it about 3 miles There are above thirty Villages upon this Island and above 20000 souls Those of the Greek Religion are to the Eastward end of the Island having many pleasant Villages though seated among Rocks Tine hath but one Port which is secure for shipping It lyes in the strait of Andros called Palermo But the Road where the ships usually come to unload is called St. Niccolo about 6 miles South from the Castle to the East is St. Zuanni a small Port for Boats. To the North is another called La Cullebithra This Island has ever been a great Eye-sore to the Turks In the late Warr of Candia several Brigantines were mann'd out of this place which did continually torment the Turks in all their Quarters A famous Privateer called Georgio Maria was a terror to all the sea-Towns about the Archipelago He was of Corsica of a good Family He came into the service of the Venetians with a small Briganteen called the Lepetto or little Fox his success was so great that he built at Bagnio a place for slaves made square to the East of the City on the hill in which was an account of upwards 4000 that he had brought out of Turky into slavery of which he gave the tenth to the Generall From a small Vessel he came to command a squadron of three ships and Eleven Briganteens I will not give you an account at large of his several Victories if I should it would swell my Narrative to too great a Volume I will therefore only give you a Relation of his Death In the year 1667 Georgio Maria had been very succesful against the Turks carrying away whole Towns at a time so as complaint was carryed from all parts to Constantinople where his name was in every sea-faring-mans mouth The Captain Basha had particular orders to search for him and being at Scio advice was brought him that Georgio Maria with his little Armado was at the Islands in the Bay of Edremitt The Person who brought the news had a Gratuity order'd him and immediatly all things were order'd for departure but the Basha only and the man that brought the news did know for what place they were going There was in Port at Scio 36 Gallys and six ships of Tripoli The Captain Basha sent orders to the ships to be ready to sayle with his Gallys There being little wind the Gallys towed the ships till they were past the Island of Scio and drawing neare the Island Metelino with a small gale they sayled close by Molives The Sentinells on the Islands made fires to give notice to Georgio Maria and soon came themselves with the news that the Turkish fleet was coming towards those Islands Georgio Maria easily believed it and in a little time provided himself notwithstanding he was before getting ready to carine his ship With the help of his Briganteens he gets his ships out to the North of the Islands ordering the Briganteens to shift for themselves taking his last farewell of them The Fight was very sharp above 6 hours Georgio Maria was kill'd and his body thrown over board as he had desired his friends to do that it might not come into the hands of the Turks his ship was taken another was sunk and the third made its escape into the Bay of Smyrna and so to Tine Of the Turks were killed and wounded above two thousand of which in the Tripoly ships above 300. In the ship where Georgio Maria was of 200 men not above 20 were taken alive and those most of them wounded After this Victory the Captain Basha went to Constantinople towing up the ship in great Triumph at his Gallys Stern as he past the Serraglio point No man since Scanderbeigh has been so great a plague to the Turks His loss was generally lamented by the Venetians but especially by those of this Island whom he very much inriched He was made a Knight of St. Mark for the good service he had done the Venetians against the Turks The Inhabitants of Tine are better to pass than any other of the Islanders paying only their tenths to the Venetians They make great quantitys of Silk and Wine but have not corn nor wood to subsist a month being supplyed from
some French Merchants bought the Tribute for 1500 dollars each Island which they gather'd from the Inhabitants by working Cotton's and were considerable gainers To the North of Serfu is TERMIA anciently called ELEUSINE It lyes at the entrance into the Bay of Athens being indifferent low land but not very fruitfull Here are very good purging Waters and hot Baths The Inhabitants are very industrious the men in Fishing the women at their Needles Here they say the Island habit was invented and hath been A Greek Priest Un Prete Greco A Woman of the Archipelago Una Deâ—'a dell ' Archipelago a habit above 1000 years but few of them know the true original as I was informed by Monsieur Giraud consul at Athens which was thus A Prince in Athens had a Daughter who was guilty of a great crime for which she was condemn'd to be banished and to make her the more despised it was ordered that the sleeves of her upper Garment should be cut off to her shoulders with her smock sleeves hanging down to her hands her Pettycoats cut short to her knees with her smock at full length to her ancles her hair hanging down behind Being sent in this manner to this Island the Inhabitants enquired who she was and being told that she was a Princess that came to bath in the waters for her healths sake her dress pleased the common people and now it continues their habit in most of the Islands only their heads are better drest They have their hair plated intermixed with Ribbon which is put round the hinder part of their heads with a fine muzlin veil carelessly thrown over Their bodys have no sleeves to them but the better sort will have great wings hang down behind richly embroider'd That which serves for a pettycoat comes to their knees being plaited very thick I have seen one which was but an ordinary one that had above 40 pikes of dimity which is about 30 yards some have above 60 pikes and so weighty are their clothes which they wear that they cannot be nimble in dancing To prevent the trouble of pulling up their coats they are open before and fastned with clasps and eyes Their Smocks hang down to their ancles but they are very narrow with sleeves fastned at the wrist and a loose sleeve over them which comes over their hands being broad Their Stockings are most of red cloth hanging in plaits some with the clocks embroider'd Their slippers are sol'd with cork the upper part covered with red plush The men have several sorts of habits But the better sort have a long Vest strait to their body doubled over before reaching down to their ancles girt about the loins and the sleeves button'd at the wrist Over which is another Vest hanging loose with broad sleeves of black cloth resembling the Turks to shew their superiority over their brother Christians Their heads are shaved they wear most of them a red cap but some a black ZEA formerly called CIA Lyes to the North of Termia not above 10 miles but it alters so much in the temperature of the climate as it could not be more were it so many degrees distant The land is all very high and seems at a distance like an Egg. The Turks call it Yamurta Adasi i. e. Egg Island There is a very good Port to secure any Fleet but it has a very narrow Entrance At each side is a small Chappel that to the West are the Ruins of a Temple and not far from hence is the Foundation of an old City which a Priest told me was formerly called Juli. The Town is five miles from the Port. I came here in the year 1670 in the Noahs Ark of Genoua in which there were several Passengers who were not acquainted with the place and very desirous to go up to the Town The Guide would tell them it was close by the Port but before they came to the Town they had travelled so long as to understand Greek for when they asked where the Town was the guide would answer them inne konda Ephende it is hard by Sr tho' they were five miles from it the way being all unevenly rocky which made the Genouese wish they had not put on their new shoes and clothes The Inhabitants are a very healthy people No Oranges Lemons nor Olives will grow here to the South of the Town and higher stand several wind-mills which are very often blown down not withstanding they are built with very good Stone and Morter This Island and Tine are very seldom without much wind The chief product of the Island is Corn Wine and Velania The wine is very small in comparison to that of other Islands Here I saw a woman that went to the fields to gather Velania big with child and another in her arms In the field she was delivered and brought both her children well home CIR A formerly call'd CYTHNOS It lyes about 12 miles from Tine South West some Mapps name it Suda The Town is at the N E t point standing on a hill having a fine Bay before it and three small Islands where ships come to anchor The Inhabitants are Greeks but most of the Church of Rome The Capucins have a Church and Monastery They are free from the Privateers upon the score of the Capucins Most of their incom is from gardening and manuring the ground From hence Tine is supply'd with a great store of fruit It abounds with Muskmelons and Watermelons Wine and Corn they have enough for their own use LEMNOS Is a fair and large Island lying almost in the middle betwixt the Asian shoare and Monte Santo having several good Ports and Havens about it but the Principal Port is called Mudro which lyes to the South East above which stands a City with an indifferent good Castle where is a Garison of Turks to this part of the Island Monte Santo casts a shaddow in the Summer time at the Sun 's going down The Country is most level ground affording great quantity of Pasture land and here are the best sheep of any place here TENE DOS A. The City and Castle of TENEDOS B. New Castle C. Suburbs where the Greeks liue A. Citta et Castello di TENEDO B. Castello novo C. Borght doue Stanno Li Greci about To the N Et. is a place called the Saline Salt panns close to which is gathered the Terra Sigillata of which the Turks make water-pots more esteemed than so much China with us it is used for medicines Before the late warre with the Venetians the Island was very well peopled both by Turks and Greeks having above 50 Towns and Villages but there are now not above 20 Villages and those very poorly inhabited The Venetians took the Island in the year 1662 and ruin'd most places of strength carrying away the Garrison of Turks The Earth of this Island or terra Sigillata is the chief thing which they boast of telling many fabulous stories about it of which several
have writ at large so that I shall omit a repetition This Island by the Inhabitants is now called Stalimene TENEDOS or TENEDO Lyes to the East of Lemnos about 12 miles from the Entrance into the Hellespont or Dardanelli The Turks call it Bosh Adasi the Barren Island It is most rocky and to the No. is a high round Mountain under which is the main Castle standing close to the Sea being almost a square That part towards the Sea has high walls and two Roundells Even with the Water is a battery of 20 very great Guns On the South point of the Port is a Castle built on a rising ground in which are about 10 Guns This Castle commands the Harbour more than the great Castle and can batter the Town and Castle About a furlong to the South-West stands the Town most inhabited by Greeks in it there are several stately Fountains built with white Marble brought from the Ruins of Troy. This Island was most valiantly won from the Turks by the Venetian Fleet under the conduct of General Marco Bembo and afterwards betray'd to the Turks by one of the Family of Loridanno who was Governor since which none of that name have had any command in the Repubick's service nor dare he ever return to his own Country THASSUS SAMANDRACHI and IMBRO Are three small Islands the first lyes about 30 miles from the mouth of the River Nester Samandrachi opposite to the River Marizza and Imbro about 10 miles to the West of the entrance into the Hellespont which by the continual coming of Privateers are almost quite forsaken not having above two or three Villages in each METELINO Is the largest Island on the Asian shoar Formerly it was called Lesbos and was estem'd the only store-house for corn for the City of Constantinople now it is very little inhabited Here is plenty of Deere and several other Game They have a sort of horses less than any I have seen elsewhere but strong and swift The Country affords store of Pasture all sorts of Provisior are very plentifull From hence we have considerable quantity of Oysters brought to Smyrna The wine is none of the best The City under the same name is to the Eastward having a delicate Port before it There are the ruins of a large Arsenal To the N Et. of the Town stands a very strong Castle called Mullives built on a Rock which is a Peninsula 't is very well fortified according to the ancient way The walls are very high they have 4 Towers a dry ditch with another low wall about it and a draw-bridge there is but that one way to enter into the Castle Here is continually a good Garrison kept At the Arsenal is another Fort which is level with the water where are several very large Guns On the N with part of the Island is another strong Castle called Petra which hath a very good Port. There is a considerable Town most inhabited by Greeks who trade over to the main now called Cos-dogg but formerly the Mountains of Ida for the Turks who inhabit those Mountains are such great robbers that none dare live amongst them and to travel that way is almost as dangerous as to be amongst the Banditi in Calabria Here is another good Harbour for ships called Siguri at the Wt. end of the Island but no Town or Village nearer to it than Petra There are several other Ports and Creeks which are often haunted by the Privateers To the N Et. are several Islands which are called the Spalmadori which signifies Cariners for here often the Privateers do come to Carine and are in the way to meet Vessels that are bound to Constantinople The Inhabitants of Metelino are not above 10000 Turks and 20000 Greeks SCIO formerly call'd CHIOS Is not inferiour to the best Island in the Archipelago tho' it is not so large as Negro Ponte it is much the richer and the Inhabitants injoy greater privileges than any Greeks in the Grand Signiors Dominions and more liberty cannot be in any part than what they injoy In the Summer time every evening the marine is full with all sorts of people with musick singing and dancing and none offer to molest them At their Festivals they are very open in their Worship The chief City has the name of the Island being very well built after the manner of the Genouese It is above two miles in Circumference To the North stands a very strong Castle and both are seated to the Eastward close to the Sea side Formerly there was a good Mole which shelter'd ships from the N Et. winds and to the Southward another point runs out upon which stood a light-house They are both now gon to ruine and the Harbour is dangerous in Stormy weather At each side of the City are abundance of pleasant gardens abounding with all sorts of fruit Coming in from Sea these Gardens and Summer-houses do give a most delightsome prospect the houses being for the most part very well built with their windows red and green The Inhabitants are most Greeks of which many are of the Church of Rome Here are several good Churches which remaine since the time the Genoueses had possession of the Island as that of the Jesuites the Dominicans and the Capucines the two former are in the City the latter is at the North Westend where they have a large Convent with pleasant gardens In the time of Holy days they carry their processions in the streets without any molestation but it must be after Sun set The same have I seen in Smyrna on Good Friday by the Greeks and also at Galatta of Constantinople The Vizier Cupri Ogle at his return from Candy tarried here several days and lodg'd in the house of one Signior Dominico Mascardi which joyns to the Capucines Convent one day asking what bell it was that he heard one told him it was some bells of Mules sayes the Vizier to him that made that answer and you are an Asse for endeavouring to make me believe so This is some bell to call you to prayers and be not ashamed to enjoy the freedom which is given you He was several times in the garden and commended their way of living Before the Vizier came order was given by the Elders to forbid the womens walking the Streets as their custom was fearing least some souldiers should abuse them and so occasion a disorder The Vizier having been two or three days in town and not finding the divertisement he expected from what he had been told he asked what was the reason it was told him that fearing some disturbance might be orders were given to forbid the women to walk the streets The Vizier made answer That seeing they had such priviledges they should enjoy them while he was there otherwise he would recall the Liberty they had Next morning the streets were full with all sorts and in the Evening by the Sea-side singing and dancing most part of the nights The Turks hold the Sciotes
Vizier by the Right Honorable the Earl of Winchelsea's order was shipt aboard the ship Sun and sent for Legorn I have since seen The Prospect of the GRAND SERRAGLIO or Imperial Palace of CONSTANTINOPLE as it appears from Galata La Prospettiora del GRANSERRAGLIO vero Palazzo Imperial di CONSTANTINOPOLI come si vede da Galata An Arme of the Sea which devides the City of Constantinople from Galata Braccio di mare che divide la Citta di Constantinopoli da Galata A. The Entrance into the Serraglio from the City B. Lodgings for the Guards C. The great Hall for publick audience D. The Gran Signors Lodgings E. The Womens Lodgings F. Pleasure houses where the Gran Signore comes to see the Fleet go to and come from Sea G. Places for the Gran Signors Barges H. Part of Constantinople called Balat I. Entrance in to the Seraglio from Sea K. The Bosphorus or Channell which devides-Europe from Asia L. Part of the Asia Shoar M. S ta Sophia where the Gran Signore goes to his-Devotion every fryday A. L'Entrata del Serragdio per la parte della Citta B. Allogiamenti delle Guardie C. La Gran Sala di Audienza D. Apartamenti del Gran Signore E. Apartamenti delle Donne F. Gallerie doue il Gran Signore si porta perredere â—scire et entrare L. Armata di Mare G. Ridutti per le Barche del Gran Signore H. Parte durn quartiero di Costantinopoli deto Balat I. Entrata del Serraglio perâ— Mare K. H Bosphoro o vero il Canale che divide l'Europa da Asia L. Vista della Jerra ferma del Asia M. Moschea di S ta Sophia doue va il Gran Signore ogni Venerdi B. Randolph H Cuttance 〈◊〉 delin D Loggan Sculp him in Kent he being now of another perswasion The present State of that famous Island and Kingdom of CANDIA THE Island of Candia which in old time and now by the Turks is called Crete hath followed the other parts of the Empire of Greece and is now subjected to the Tyranny of the Turks after a Warr for above 27 years In which time the Venetians tho' in comparrison as a flea in the beard of a Lyon to the Ottoman Forces did bravely and with an unparallel'd Courage defend the City of Candia to the last extremity After a close Siege for near 2 years continuance the Vizier there in person and with him the best of all the Ottoman Forces they were forced to surrender yet upon the most honorable termes that they themselves could propose carrying away with them not only their Cannon and all other amunition but also the bells which were in the Steeples and whatever else they thought worth the Labour The Vizier was so over-joyed that the City was surrender'd to him that he appointed several of the Turkish boats to assist the Venetians if they should have occasion of their help in carrying their goods to the ships He was so observing of his word in the Peace that he caused two Janizarys to be put to death for attempting to force their way into the City All Europe has heard of this great Seige how many thousand Bombs were cast into the City How many Mines and Fornellos were blown up and how many bold assaults the Turks made They had at last workt themselves so near the Walls that it was impossible for the besieged to make use of any of their great Guns For no sooner could a man appear to level a Gun but there was a shower of bullets and arrows so that the Turks would often attempt to undermine the Walls and the Venetians did countermine them and when they met under ground they fought most desperately The Venetians have an Engine which they call trombo di fuoâ—â— it is as long as a half Pike the Staff bigger At the end are two Irons about two Foot long in the form of a fork In which is fastned a trunk made of Iron and some are of wood in it are five charges each firing severally at a certain time and carry several bullets to do execution as far as a Pistol They set fire to it at the fore part and have a touch to reach from one chamber to the other Another Invention they had to fish up the Turks when they attempted to undermine their Walls They had hooks made in the forme of a boats grapling the points sharp fastn'd to a rope and 4 or 5 foot of chain at the end These hooks they often cast over the Walls amongst the Turks and seldom failed to bring up a Turke some fastned by the clothes others by the body I have heard some of the officers say they have taken several in a night For when the hook was fastned they gave them not time to unhook themselves but had them soon over the Walls and many a Turk have the common soldiers eaten At the Greeks leaving Candia there happned a most sad accident a new ship called La Fregatta Galliera or the Gally Frigot was pitcht upon for transporting most of the Principal of the Gentry and the greatest part of the riches of the Citizens there was also besides what were mounted 50 great brass Guns the Passengers were between 250 and 300 besides 200 Mariners and upward Being between a little Island called Ovo and the Port of Cerigo the ship open'd and not a man was saved The rest of the Fleet got well some to Zante others to Ceffalonia Corfu and Venice landing the Greeks as they had a fancy to the place which they came to or as they found freinds Thus they left their Estates to the Enemy and not above 5 or 6 Greeks remained who being in years and sickly withal desir'd leave of the General that they might tarry and end their days there In the Articles of peace it was concluded that the Venetians should keep possession of three small Islets which are close to the Island of Candia and have each a very strong Castle The Turks did laugh at their proposals saying we have the Henn and the Chicken will follow of course of these Isletts you shall have a further account hereafter This Island had 20 Citys and above 1000 Towns Villages and large Monasterys now there is not above 4 Citys and 300 Towns and Villages To give you an account of them I will begin with the eastern part This was formerly a Province called Sittia the head City had the same name standing in a Bay at the North East part of the Island at the West side extending from the North to the bottom of the Bay Southerly above a mile in length The Castle stood on a rising ground to the N Wt. of the Town built of a course Marble stone The Venetians finding the place was not Tenable caused several mines to be made by which they destroy'd the Castle and Town and so went to Candia By the ruins it may be seen the builders had no thoughts so soon to have left them most
I ever saw the Arch or Gate-house being about 100 yards long and the Gates 10 broad the Arch is all built of firm stone It will take up three hours to walk round the out-works There are several mines which were never blown up Every mine had a distinct name I was in one mine which was above a mile in length being about 6 foot high and three broad All the plain for above two miles without the Walls is like a new plow'd field where you cannot walk but must see pieces of dead mens bones None are permitted to walk round the works but such as have a Licence and a Janizary with them The Turks take a delight to give an account of the strength of the place and especially will shew you a small Cave or arch where the Venetian General did use to sleep as they tell you to secure himself from the Bombs Not above one eighth part of the houses that formerly were are now inhabited very few being left entire nor do the Turks repair any but those where they dwell the chief Mosque is well repair'd it was formerly a Church dedicated to St Mark and stands to the E t of the great Piazza to the South of it are part of the Walls of old Candia close to which are built up a row of houses two storie high for the Janizaries The Basha's Pallace is a little below the great Mosque on the other side of the way opposite to it is the great Hall formerly called La Sala di Consiglio which is a very stately building of white Marble with several works in Basso Relievo to the S Et. of it stands the Church of St Francisco with an entire Cloyster which is a Mosque The street from the Mole to the chief Piazza is in good repair being broad and pav'd with an even stone the houses are also well inhabited But that part towards the Wt. is a heap of ruins amongst which live the Jews who have very large houses but some of their upper rooms have no other shelter from the weather but a few matts made fast upon poles The beams of the old houses are bought up and carryed to Venice Zante and other places and being made of Cyprus wood they serve to make chests and cabinets many of which have been brought to England The number of the Inhabitants of the City is not reckoned to be above 10000 with Greeks and Jews There is a continual Garrison of 2000 Janizaries besides the Basha's guardes Since the taking the place they have granted liberty to all who will come to inhabit there but all their incouragement cannot bring the Candiotes to dwell there Formerly the Plain was full of Olive trees with delightsom pleasure-houses and gardens Now nothing but ruins are to be seen The City stands on a rising ground from the Sea. The houses were so built with tarrazzis as most from the tops could have a sight of the Sea. From Candia to Rettimo is about 12 hours riding The City stands on a point of land very pleasantly having a Port to the East which is almost choakt up so as no Gally can get over the barr being laden but Brigantines and smaller Vessels are very secure against all winds Towards the Sea are no Walls the Rocks there fortifying the place so as an Enemy can only come by land This place was the first the Turks made themselves Masters of putting all to the Sword to give the greater terror to the rest of the Island Since they possest it they have built three new Forts towards the Sea and a wall with a dry Ditch to landward It is now chiefly inhabited by Turks who trade to Constantinople considerably The houses are here intire according to the Venetian manner of building There are some Greeks that dwel in the City but they have a small town about a quarter of a mile off where are 2 Churches where they have free exercise of their Religion The Country hereabout is very pleasant full of Olive trees and from the Sea side the land rises easily to the foot of the Mountains of Sfacia about 8 miles from the City which from the Sea seems to be all a wood from which Mountains run several pleasant streames and one very large river called Platonico which is continually full being supplyed from above a thousand Fountains which the Mountains produce These Mountains of Sfacia are abounding in all things necessary for life and nothing can be more delightsom in the Summer time They reach near 30 miles towards the S Wt. in length and in some places about 10 in breadth coming down close to the Bay of Suda The Cheese which is made here is bought up by the Venetians and other Merchants and transported to France Italy Zante c. It is the best Cheese that is made in any of the Southern parts and generally as good as our Cheshire Cheeses being made as bigg Besides which they have great store of Honey Wax Silk Wool Cordovan-Leather and a sort of goats Hair little inferior to that of Angura in Asia No Olives Oranges or Lemons grow here There are above 100 Villages on these Mountains besides several Monasteries The Inhabitants are a Warr-like People and withstood the Turks above 20 years after Rettimo was taken living as the Mainiotes in the Morea There are such difficult passages to them that an army cannot march Now at last they are brought into obedience and by humbling themselves to the Vizier he granted them great privileges to incourage them least they should take part with the Venetians who have the Island of Suda so near them As the Vizier past by in his way from Canea to Candia they brought him several presents which the Mountains produced which he was so well pleased with that he exempted them from going with him and paying their attendance on him only he obliged them to furnish the Camp with mutton at a certain rate Most of his own provision was carryed from hence Sheep at three timins about a shilling a piece butter at a timine the oke a groat for two pound 8 ounces Cheese at the same rate and at this price they were obliged to carry it as far as the Camp before Candia where an officer gave them an acquittance which was abated them out of their tribute They have a certain Drugg called by the Venetian Oldani much of the colour of Liquorish in balls it is a very great conforter of the head having a pleasant smell being burnt it gives a very pleasant sent Most of this is bought up by the Venetians and sent to Venice Here is also a sort of wood which the Greeks call Platte iksillo it burns like a torch gives a most fragrant smell much of it was used to burn at the Siege Every night at the Viziers and other great mens tents they had fires of this wood the wood being cut small and put into an Iron grate at the end of a pole fastned in the ground If
50 35 Nicomedia hod Esmitt 52 43 Nicae hod Isnick 52 42 Nimpha 51 38 Nonacris 41 36 Nosli 52 37 Noman 52 38 O OLerno 46 33 Ombla 37 42 Oronico 39 41 Orso ol Oricum 38 39 Onocoro 40 39 Ottranto 37 39 Ovofo 45 40 Oxica 40 39 P PAnormo 38 39 Pachsu 39 38 Patrass 41 36 Paracopolis 42 41 Palantia 42 38 Passava 43 35 Pachino 49 33 Pagana 43 34 Palio Castro 46 37 Paros p. 22. 47 36 Paris 49 41 Paxmando ol Claude 45 33 Papasluck ol Alexandria 49 40 Palermo 50 41 Patmos alias Palmosa p. 56. 49 37 Palamoot 51 39 Papa ol Besbicus 51 42 Petra-alba alias Petrina 40 40 Perga 41 36 Pella the place of Alexanders birth 43 40 Pelaguisa 45 39 Peschera 38 39 Petane 50 39 Parasto 48 41 Pergamus hod Bergamo 50 39 Philitra 41 35 Phillippopoli 45 42 Philipi 45 41 Philidelphia hod Alah Shair 51 38 Piscopia p. 24. 51 35 Platamona ol Aliacmon 43 39 Porta Trojanna 44 42 P. Buffolo 45 37 P. Ternice 45 37 P. Raphti 45 37 Ponte Lungo 47 42 Policandro ol Polyegos p. 31. 47 35 Ponte Grande 50 42 Ponte Piccolo 50 42 Porosolena 50 39 Polina ol Cimolis 47 35 Prisba 40 42 Prausta 45 41 Prelippo 40 41 Previzze ol Nicopolis was built by Augustus after his conquest over Mark. Ant. 40 38 Prestino 38 42 Prodino ol Prote 41 35 Prelippo 49 41 Prestina 41 42 Q St Quaranti ol Onchesmus 39 39 R RAova 44 41 Ragusa old ol Epidaurus 37 42 Rafanna 44 35 Resina 38 42 Retimo p. 84 47 33 Rhodes p. 26. 53 35 Reseto 39 39 Rofeo ol Alpheus 41 35 Rodisto ol Bysanthe 49 42 Ruins of Colofon 50 38 Ruins of Assum 49 39 Ruins of Troy They appear in several places for above 20 miles circumferance The two Villages of New Troy and Gaurkui are on two Hills round the topps of which run the foundations of walls which most judg were 2 Castles but the greatest part of the ruins are in the fields and woods over against Tenedos which ruins the Turks now call Eski Stambol or old Constantinople ol Troas Alexandra 49 40 Ruins of Bouron 46 41 Ruins of Chiarenza 40 36 Ruins of Baccus's Temple 48 36 Ruins of Jassus 50 36 Ruins of Hallicarnassus 51 36 Ruins of a Temple dedicated to Apollo Didimeus 52 36 Ruins of Sittia the third City in Candia before the Turks took that Island 49 33 S SAzabiech 37 43 Sapienza ol Oenussa 41 34 Salona ol Delphi 42 37 Sabion 36 42 Sargiogle 42 40 Saseno 38 40 Sarabrod 43 42 Salonico ol Thesalonica 43 40 Saminthus 43 36 Sacklee 51 38 Sardes hod Sart 51 38 Samos p. 54. 50 37 Samo 40 36 Samandraichi p. 44. 48 41 Scarpanto p. 29. 51 34 Scuttari 51 43 Scuttari ol Scodra It was surrendred in the year 1578. The Turks having besieged it above two years Storming it severall times It stands on a high hill 38 41 Scupia alias Uscopia 42 41 Scyro p. 57. 46 38 Scala Nova 50 37 Sciata p. 59. 45 39 Scio ol Chios p. 46. 48 38 Scopelo p. 58. 45 38 Servizza 42 39 Seres 44 41 Segegick 49 38 Sersu p. 38. 46 36 Selembria 50 42 Serfante p. 38. 47 35 Semanlee 51 42 Sinitt 40 42 Sittia p. 72. 49 33 Sindo 43 40 Sidro Capse 44 40 Sidero 43 40 Simie p. 27. 52 36 Sicyon 43 36 Sira p. 42. 47 37 Smyrna 50 38 Soma 50 39 Sophia 43 42 Spinarso 38 40 Spina Longa p. 94. 49 34 Stibagna 43 41 Stagno 37 42 Stancoi ol Coos p. 25. 50 36 Stalisi 39 41 Standia 48 34 Statoria 41 42 Stymphalis 42 36 Stampalia p. 30. 49 35 Strafade 40 35 Straga 40 40 Sucova 43 42 Suguth 48 42 Suda ol Amphimalis p. 95. 46 33 Seleman 42 35 T TAcktali 52 41 Tacktali 50 38 Talitada 45 38 Ternova 44 43 Tegea 43 36 Tenedos or Tenedo p. 43. 48 40 Temine 44 36 Termia p. 38. 46 36 Terese 48 35 Theaca ol Ithaca 40 37 Thiguitz 42 42 Thermopoli or Bocca di Lupa where Leonidas King of Sparta with a small number of menoppose dres an army of a Million 43 7 St Theodoro p. 90. 46 33 Thebes hod Stivee 44 37 Thassus ol Thalassia p. 44. 46 41 Thebe 43 38 Thyatira hod Akhysar 51 39 Tiria 51 38 Tine p. 8. 47 37 Tornova 42 39 Tornea 44 36 Trigovista 41 42 Tricola 42 39 Trapolizza ol Megapolis 42 36 Tristola 43 41 Trait 45 42 Trebigna 37 42 Treich 46 43 Trales hod Tekekui 52 37 Tripolis 52 38 Troy old and new 49 40 Tricca 41 38 Turkmanli 49 42 V. VAlona ol Aulon 38 40 Varilidi 40 37 Vattica 44 35 Udagrade 39 40 Verzaraz 46 43 Verbino 42 40 Velichi 40 38 Vitrenizza 41 37 Vitolo 43 34 Viscardi 39 37 Vizmo 44 38 Vitolie 42 41 Vodizza 40 38 Volando 43 40 Volo ol Pagasa 43 39 Vostizza ol Aegium and Hyperisia 42 36 Voorlah 49 38 Urego 39 40 Uranopole 44 40 Y YAkaria 43 34 Yenikui 45 41 Ynige 46 41 Z ZAnt ol Zacinthus 40 36 Zagura 43 39 Zapanta 41 37 Zarnata 43 35 Zarfrana 49 35 Zea p. 40 46 36 Zinara p. 24. 49 35 Zupan 37 42 Zyton ol Thebae Pthiotidis In September here is a very great fair esteemed to be the second fair in all Turky lasteth 10 days Here are several great ruins one seems to have been a Temple built square 43 38 ERRORS PAg. 4. l. 19. for Petmesh read Beckmez p. 8. line 21. for South East read South West p. 9. l. 3. for Colebitre r. Cullebithra p. 21. l. 3. for an r. and p. 22. l. 3. for Bazo r. Baro. p. 26. l. 11. for Mote r. Mole p. 42. l. 3. for Cira r. Sira p. 53. l. 7. for North r. South p. 49. l. 20. for Sackes r. Sakiz p. 52. l. 14. for Cornet r. Coronett p. 50. l. 19 for Mustalook r. Muzdaluke p. 63. l. 7. for Basha r. Bashi p. 80. l. 7. for Novo r. Nova FINIS