any thynge forfayte by force or colour of the sayd estatute for euery retourne to be made / except only vpoÌ„ Retournes to be made contrary to the fourme declaracion interpretation exposycion of this Estatute / that is to saye / vpon writtes of distresses before Iustyces or Iustyce of Nisiprius within the sayd cytye / And that vpon all other wryttes and processes that be shal be awarded out of the sayd courtê or eschequer It shal be laufull to the Sheryffes for the tyme beynge to make their Retournes accordyng to the ordre of the lawe as the Sheryffes of London were wonte to do before the makynge of the sayd Estatute without any losse or forfayture An acte concernynge Surgeons to be discharged of questes and other thynges Ca. vi SHeweth-vnto your discrete wysdomes your humble Oratours / The wardens and fesshype of the crafte and Mynysteri of Surgyons enfraunchy sed in the Cytie of London / not passynge in nombre .xii. ê‘sones / That where as they and theyr predecessours from the tyme that no mynde is to the coÌ„trary aswell in this noble cytie of London / As iÌ„ all other Cyties and Boroughes within this Reyalme or ellys wherefor the contynuall seruyce attendaunce that they deyly and nyghtly at all houres and tymes yeue to the kynges lege people / for the releue of the same accordynge to theyr scyence haue ben exempt and discharged from all offycers and besynes / wherin they shuld vse or bere any maner of Armoure or wepyn / with lyke pryuylege haue ben entreated as Harowdes of Armes aswell in Batayles and feldes as other places / there for to staÌ„de vnherneysed and vnwepenned accordyng to the lawe of Armes because they be ê‘sons that neuer vsed Feattes of warre nor ought to vse / but oonly the besynes exercyse of theyr scyence to the helpe and comforthe of the kyngê lyege people in the tyme of theyr nede / And in the foresayd cytie of London from the tyme of theyr firste Incorê‘acion when they haue ben many moo in nombre than they be nowe were neuer called nor charged to be on queste / watche nor other offyce wherby they shulde vse or occupy any Armour or defeÌ„cible gere of warre / where thorugh they shuld be vnredy letted to practyse theyr Cure of men beynge in ê‘ell Therfore for that they be so small nombre of the sayd felyshyppe of the crafte and Mystery of Surgyons iÌ„ regarde of the great multytude of pacyentê that be and dayly chaunce and infortune happeneth and encreasethe in the foresayde Cytie of London / And that many of the kynges lyege people sodenly wounded and hurte for defaute of helpe in tyme to theym to be shewed perysshe / And so dyuers haue done as euydeÌ„cly is knowen by occasyon that your sayd Supplyauntes haue ben compelled to attende vpon shuche CoÌ„stableshyp / watches and Iuryes as a foresayd ¶ Be it enacted establysshed by the kynge our Soueraygne lorde and the lordes spirituall and temporall / and by the Commons in this present Parlyament assembled by actoryte of the same / That from hensforth your sayd supplyauntes be discharged and not chargeable of CoÌ„stablyshyppe / watche and all maner of offyce berynge and Armour / And also of all Enquestes and Iuryes within the cytie of London / And also that this Acte in all thynge do extende to all Barboures Surgyons admytted and aproued to exercyse the sayd mysterye of Surgyons acccordynge to the fourme of the statute lately made in that behalfe / So that they excede ne be at one tyme aboue the nombre of .xii. parsones An acte for Strangers for byeng of Lether in open market CapÌ„ vii IN the moste humble wyse shewen and complayneth vnto your hyghnes your pore and dayly Oratoures the Felyshyppe and broderhed of the blessed Trinite at the blacke Fryers in your Cytie of LondoÌ„ of the crafte of Cordewayners straungers / that where at your laste Parlyament holden at westmÌ„ in the thirde yere of your most noble Reygne amongê other thynges it was accordyd and enacted by an Acte made graunted vnto the wardens and felyshyppe of the Coriours to haue serche of Ledder for certayne causes iÌ„ the sayde Acte largely named expressed / That no strauÌ„ger AlynÌ„ not borne within your Realme of Englande / Irlande / Wales / Calyce / or the marchese of the same dwellynge within any Fraunchesed place or places within the precincte of the sayd Cytie of London and suburbes as in the Fraunchese of seynt Katheryns / saynt Martyns in the Towne of Westmester / and in the borouhe of Southwerke shulde bye or cause to be bought to his or to their vse any ledder or wares in any secrete place / but oonly iÌ„ the opeÌ„ market where it shulde be seen assayled sealed abled good and suffycyently tanned coryed / And also that the wardens of the coryours their successours assygnes shuld haue serche in the crafte and broderhed of the Trinite aforesayde aswell in FrauÌ„chysed places as in any other place for all maner of suche ledder or ware in suffycieÌ„tly Tanned sealed and coryed as often as they shuld thynke conuenyent / And the same ledder so founde insuffycyent to be forfeyted with other paynes iÌ„ the content of the sayd Acte lemytte expressed sythe the makynge of whiche statute many the moste ê‘tye of all your sayd poore oratoures be falle iÌ„ great decaye ad pouertie by the meanes of whiche statute the sayd crafte of Coryours wrongfully dayly compelle your sayd pore Oratours straungers borne vnder the domynyon of themperour / and the prince of Castell to by their ledder and wares of them and of no ê‘sone ellys after theyr owne pryce without any ryght or conscience In asmoche that be force of the aboue named Acte youre poore oratours straungers may bye no redde ledder as they were wonte to do before the makynge of the sayde statute / but it muste be coryed / And so if the sayd ledder be vnlaufully drest or coryed all the fault retourne iÌ„ your sayd pore oratours / where as a fore tyme they bought bothe redde ledder and other and sawe that it shuld be suffyciently coryed and drest orells to be forfeyted / Wherefore your sayd Oratours may not please and serue your lordes states comynaltie / of this your Realme as they were wonte to doo in tymes paste afore the makynge of the sayde Acte for as it is openly knowen the sayd warden and crafte of Coryours dayly sell the beste Ledder in grosse to marchauntes strauÌ„gers Italyans and other ê‘sones / so that your poore oratours be compelled to take and bye of them vnlaufull ledder in retale or elleys in grosse with ouerchargeable pryce for lacke of a dewe ordre and prouysion incoÌ„syderacion wherof and for the most conforte and relefe of the sayd broderhed and felyshype of the blessyd Trynyte / It woll please your sayd hygnes and the lordes Spirituall and temporalles / and the CoÌ„mons in this
Anno regni Regis Henrici .viii. Quinto Statuta ¶ The kynge our souerreyne lorde Henry the .viii. after the conquest by the grace of god kyng of Englande and of Fraunce / and lorde of Irlande / at his PatlyameÌ„t holdeÌ„ at westmester / the .xxiii. daye of Ianuarii after the last Porrogacion In the .v. yere of his most noble Reygne to the honoure of god holy Churche / and for the CoÌ„mon welth profyte of this his Royalme / by the assente of the Lordes spirituall temporall the CoÌ„mons in this present ParlyameÌ„t assembled and by auctoryte of the same hath do to be ordeyned made and enacted certayne Statutes / and ordynaunces in maner fourme folowynge Hec rosa virtutis de celo missa sereno EternuÌ„ florens regia sceptra feret Anno regni Regis Henrici .viii. Quinto An act concernynge Mynystracyon of Iustyce to the kynges subiectis of his Cytie of Turney Capitulo Primo WHere as the Kynge oure Soueraygne Lorde greatly desirynge to recouere the Realme of FrauÌ„ce his very trewe Patrymonye and inherytaunce to reduce the same to his obeysaunce And for the same purpose and enteÌ„t lately made Preparations of great Royall Armyes as well by see as by lande to his right great and merueylous costes and charge / And sythen that by his great wisdome and singuler polyce hath now reduced the Cities and townes of Tyrrewyn / and Turney to dewe obeysaunce by reason wherof nowe shall folowe ensue great Amyte Famylyarite entercours in byeng sellyng of marchauÌ„dyses wares otherwyse bytwene the CytezeÌ„s inhabytauÌ„tê of the sayd cyties Townes and Precinctê of the same / and the kynges Naturall subiectis inhabytaunces in this hys Realme of EnglaÌ„de / Therfore the kynge our souereygne lorde wyllynge and entendynge that trewe indyfferent Iustyce shal be mynystred in al maters and causes aswell to Cytezens and inhabytauntes dwellynge and inhabytynge in the same Cyties / Townes / the precinctê of the same / As to his naturall subiectis dwellynge within this his Realme of Englande / And to the same entent the kynge our souereygne Lorde hath deputed and ordeyned in the sayd Cytie and towne of turney and in the Bayllywyke and precincte of the same dyuerse offycers and Mynysters / amonge other two of them called Notaryes otherwyse called Graffers to accepte take and recorde the knolege of all contractes bargaynes conuencyons pactis and agrementes made and to be made within the sayde Cytie and towne of Turney bayllywyke and precincte of the same by all maner of ê‘sones that wyll and shall resorte and come before them to make knowlege of the same / whiche Notaryes or Graffers shall present and deliuer in wrytyng all suche knolege as shal be so taken vnder theyr Notarye sygnes vnto an other offycer of the same Cytie and towne / whiche our sayd soueraygne Lorde hathe there made and deputed to accepte and take of them the same whiche offycer for the more affyrmauÌ„ce therof shall sette therto the Seale of our souereygne lorde made and lefte in the kepynge of the same Offycer for the same enteÌ„te The kynge our soueragne Lorde by thassent of his lordes SpuÌ„all temporall / and the CoÌ„mons in this present Parlyament assembled and by Auctoryte of the same hath ordeyned and enacted that vpon euery wrytynge oblygatorie knowlege to be made of all contractê bargaynes conueÌ„tions pactê and agrementê / sygned and Sealed in forme aboue rehersed / by any of the kynges subiectes inhabyted in this Realme of Englande to any Cytezen or inhabytaunte within the sayd Cytie and towne of Turney Bayllywyke or precyncte of the same or by any Cytezen or inhabytaunt within the same Cytye / Towne / Bayllywyke or precincte to an other of the same or ells by any cytezen or inhabytaunte of the same Cytie / Towne Bayllywyke or precincte to any of the kyngê subiectê Inhabyted within the Realme of Englande / or by any of the kynges subiectes inhabyted in the Realme of Englande / to another of the same subiectis shewed and exhybyted to the Chaunceller of Englande / for the tyme beynge the same Chaunceller haue full auctoryte and powre vpon the syght of the same to seÌ„de a Sargeaunte of Armes or another offycer to the ê‘sone so bounden to requyre and coÌ„maunde the parsone so bounden to ê‘fourms the contentes of euery suche wrytynge oblygatorye and knowlege / and if the same ê‘sones so bounden denye so to do and obiecte or alege any cause why he shulde not so doo / then the same SergeauÌ„t or offycer immedyatly shall brynge the same parsone so bounden before the ChauÌ„celler of Englande to answere to the premysses And if the ê‘son so bounden and brought before the sayd Chaunceller obiecte or alege any mater or cause resonable why he shulde not ê‘fourme the Contentê of the same wrytynge oblygatorye and knowlege that then he shal be adiuged to brynge in suffycyent Gage plegge to the verye value of the contentes of the same wrytynge obligatorye into the kynges Courte of Chauncerye or ellys to remayne in warde / And then the sayd ChauÌ„celler by his wysdome and discrecion shall prefixe and assigne vnto hym a conuenyent ê‘emptorie daye to proue his obieccion and aligacion / and if the ê‘tie so bounden proue not his obieccion and allegacion before the sayd ChauÌ„celler to be trewe before or at the sayd daye prefixed / that then the sayd ê‘tie so bounden without delay shall ê‘fourme the Contentê of the sayd oblygacyon and knowlege then not perfourmed or ellys to forfayte the sayd Gages and plegges to the partie to whom that sayd oblygacyon or knowlege was made / And in lykewyse vpon all recognysaunces to be made before the kynge in his Chauncery or in his Benche or in any other the kynges Courte of recorde within the Realme of Englande / And also vpon all wrytynges oblygatorye to be made and knoleged before the Mayre of the Staple of calyce of all debtê contractes and bargaynes by any of the sayd Cytizens or inhabytauntes of the sayd Cytie or towne of Turney or Baylywyke or precincte of the same to any of the kynges subiectes / and the same knolege or wrytynge obligatorie be then certified to the Baylyff of the same Cytie Towne by the ChauÌ„celler of Englande vnder the kyngê great Seale of Englande / that then the Baylye of the same Cytie and Towne for the tyme beynge or his deputie haue full auctoryte and power to seÌ„de and shall sende a SergeauÌ„t or other offycer of the same Cytie and Towne to the ê‘sone so boundem to requyre and coÌ„maunde the same ê‘sone so bounden to parfourme the Contentes of the same knolege and wrytynge oblygatorye / And if the ê‘tie so bounden denye so to do and obiecte and alege any cause why he shulde not so doo That then the sayde Sergeaunt or offycer immedyatly shall brynge the ê‘sone so bounden before the Baylye of the sayde Cytie and Towne for the
And euer after contynue stylle soule and wollnat endure to the great disceyte hurte of the werers therof losse of the sayd CoÌ„modite / for the sayd disceytê falsnes the sayd dry calendryng is shurned abhorred in the ê‘ties beyonde the see / So that no ê‘sone done shall vse in those ê‘ties any suche worstedes to dry calendre / And also now of late the sayd Straungers called dry calenders arne coÌ„men into this Realme here with in the same vse the sayd dry caleÌ„dryng of worsted of the great hurt of the said coÌ„mon wel CoÌ„modyte of this Realme a foresayd / wherfore be it enacted ordeyned establyshed by the assent of the lordê spuÌ„all temporall / the CoÌ„mons in this pÌ„sent parlyament assembled by auctoryte of the same that no ê‘sone ne ê‘sons wtin this sayd Ryalme hereafter do take vpon hym or theym to dry calendre any worsted within this sayd Realme vpon payne to forfayte for euery worsted that is so dry calendred one C. sÌ„ And ouer that where as the sayd olde calendryng of worstedes called wete calendrynge haue ben vsed well substancially in tymes paste in the Cytie of Norwych yet is by ê‘sones hauyng conyng in the same / Be it therfore furthermore enacted or deyned establisshed by the auctorite aforesayd that no ê‘son ne ê‘soÌ„s hereafter do take vpon hym or them to were calendre any worsted / but only suche ê‘sons as haue ben bounde apprentyses to other ê‘sones of the same craft or occupacoÌ„n of wete caleÌ„dre of worstedes by the space of .vii. yeres or be coÌ„nyng in the same / theyr coÌ„nyng approued admytted by the Mayre of the sayd cytie of Norwyche for the tyme beynge the two Maysters of the sayd crafte occupacyon yerly to be chosen wtin the sayd cytie of Norwyche / or in the CouÌ„tie of Norff of the craft of wete caleÌ„dryng vpon payne of euery such ê‘sone or ê‘sons / which hereafter shall do the coÌ„trary to forfayte for euery pece so caleÌ„dred ayenst the ordynauÌ„cê puruyauÌ„cê aforesayd C. sÌ„ The one moyte of which penaltes forfaytours aboue specyfied of euery of them to be to the kyng our soueraygne lorde / And the other moyte therof to be to the Maisters of the sayd occupacyon of wete calendryng / for the tyme beyng / And that it shal be laufull to the Maisters of the sayd occupacyon for the tyme beyng / their successours to shewe for the one moyte of all such penalties hereafter to be forfayted ayenst euery such ê‘sone or ê‘sones as hereafter shall do the contrary to the fourme effect of this estatute by accioÌ„ of dette by wrytte at the CoÌ„mon lawe or by byll or playnt after the Custome of suche Cytie / port / or towne / where shall happon any suche forfayture to be or fall / or by informacion in the kyngê Eschequer / And that no proteccion or essoine ne no wagere of lawe for the defê in any such accion playnt or informacion be alloweable before any maner of Iustycê / where any suche sute or Informacion shal be vsed for the sayd forfayture / And this Acte to endure to the next Parlyament An acte cocernynge Iurys in LondonÌ„ Ca. v. WHere in this present Parlyament holden at Westmester the .iiii. day of February in the .iii. yere of the reygne of our soueraygne lorde the kynge and proroged vnto the .iiii. daye of Nouember in the .iiii. yere of the reygne of oure soueraygne lorde the kyng and adiourned vnto Westmester aforesayd / for asmoche as after issuis Ioyned in accions and suettes coÌ„mensed taken or dependyng iÌ„ the kyngê Courtê before hym selfe in his Benche before his Iustycê of the coÌ„men Benche / And also in his Eschequer at the kynges suete or at the sute of the ê‘tie tryable in the cytie of London aswell the kyng as the ê‘ties suffered great delaye many tymes for defaute of apparens of the Iuryes enpanelyd to trye the sayd issues / and many tymes for lacke of Iurours not hauynge landes and tenÌ„tes of the yerly value of .xl. s. It was the sayd .iiii. daye of Nouember ordeyned and enacted by the auctoryte of this present Parlyament / that the Sheryffes of London for the tyme beynge shulde haue full auctoryte power to returne in panelles or Arrayes of all accions and suetes then dependynge or that shulde depende in any of the sayd Courtes or Eschequer ê‘sones beynge cytezens hauynge goodes to the value of C. marke or aboue to trye the issue Ioyned iÌ„ euery suche accion or sute / And that the ê‘sones so retourned hauynge goodes to the value of C. marke or aboue shuld be sworne and doo in all suche Iuryes iÌ„lyke wyse in euery thynge as other ê‘sones shulde do hauynge landes tenÌ„tes of the yerely value of .xl. s. ouer all charges / And that the Sheryffes of the sayd cytie for the tyme beynge shuld retourne vpon the firste distresse in euery suche accion or sute vpon euery of the Iurours enpaneled to trye the issues therof .xx. d. And vpon the seconde distresse vpoÌ„ euery of the same Iurours .xl. d. And vpon euery distresse after that vpon euery of the same Iurours the double / tyll a full Iury in euery suche Accion and sure shuld appere be sworne to trye the issue Ioyned in the same / And that the Sheryffes that shuld make any retourne vpon suche distresses contrarye to the fourme aforesayd shuld forfayte for euery suche defaute .x. li. The one halfe therof to be to the kynge / And the other halfe to the ê‘tie that will sewe therfore / And that the defendauntes in any suche accion shulde not be admytted to wage his lawe nor proteccion therin for hym alowed whiche estatute was oonly made for the good Expedycyon of Iustyce for to haue quycke apparence of Iurours cytezeÌ„s of LondoÌ„ at Seynt Marteynes the graunt with in the sayd cytie / where all Iuryes were ben bounden oonly to appere to try the issues Ioyned of all thynges tryable in London by ê“cesses of Nisiprius out of the sayd Courtê in none other place accordynge to theyr Auncyent lybertie pryuilege and custome / wherfore for more playne declaration of the same good estatute be it ordeyned and establysshed by the auctorite of this present Parlyament that the sayd Acte be expowned interpretated and taken / that the Sheryffes for the tyme beynge be bounden to Retourne at euery first distresse of Nisiprius to be had at the sayd seynt Marteyns in euery suche accion or sute vpon euery of the Iurours impanelled to trye the issues therof .xx. d. And vpon the seconde distresse of Nisiprius vpon euery of the same Iurours .xl. d. And vpon euery distresse of Nisiprius after that euery of the same Iurours the double / tyll a full Iury in euery suche accion and sute shall appere be sworne to trye the issue Ioyned in the same / And that no Sheryffe of the sayd citye or other /