which_o most_o common_o it_o be_v cut_v be_v a_o tablet_n which_o consist_v of_o one_o plain_a upper_a table_n and_o four_o latterall_a table_n two_o of_o which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v long_o than_o the_o other_o two_o that_o they_o may_v make_v the_o just_a proportion_n of_o the_o upper_a table_n and_o such_o a_o tablet_n as_o this_o boetius_fw-la say_v be_v of_o form_n most_o perfect_a a_o diamond_n thus_o cut_v weigh_v one_o ceratium_fw-la or_o four_o grain_n be_v worth_a fifty_o ducat_n or_o crown_n boetius_fw-la pag._n 64._o they_o be_v also_o cut_v in_o pyramidal_a form_n with_o quadrangle_v but_o these_o be_v of_o less_o value_n than_o the_o tablet_n the_o small_a of_o these_o best_a diamond_n be_v value_v at_o very_o high_a price_n the_o big_a be_v of_o infinite_a value_n cardanus_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr subtilitatibus_fw-la 345._o cardan_n de_fw-fr subtle_a lib._n 7._o pag._n 345._o make_v mention_n of_o a_o diamond_n that_o be_v at_o antwerp_n which_o want_v one_o scruple_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o ounce_n and_o be_v value_v at_o the_o worth_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o crown_n the_o shiver_n and_o dust_n of_o a_o good_a perfect_a true_a diamond_n be_v of_o admirable_a virtue_n and_o of_o very_o great_a worth_n esteem_n and_o value_n for_o by_o their_o hardness_n they_o do_v divide_v all_o gem_n in_o the_o engraving_n of_o all_o other_o gem_n they_o be_v not_o only_o profitable_a but_o necessary_a for_o whatever_o precious_a stone_n have_v a_o excellent_a hardness_n join_v with_o their_o glory_n purity_n and_o beauty_n they_o will_v want_v the_o help_n of_o these_o or_o they_o will_v not_o easy_o be_v either_o cut_n grave_v or_o polish_a chap._n ii_o of_o the_o carbuncle_n or_o ruby_n description_n of_o the_o stone_n the_o carbuncle_n be_v a_o precious_a stone_n or_o gem_n which_o for_o its_o innate_a glory_n contain_v within_o itself_o the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o flame_n of_o fire_n the_o true_a carbuncle_n or_o ruby_n be_v a_o transparent_a jewel_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o pure_a vermilion_n or_o crimson_a by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o fiery_a it_o do_v appear_v in_o its_o extremity_n so_o much_o the_o better_a it_o be_v if_o it_o have_v any_o yellowness_n in_o it_o it_o be_v of_o the_o kind_n of_o granate_n or_o hyacinth_n from_o its_o excellent_a flame_n it_o be_v distinguish_v from_o other_o gem_n which_o have_v like_o representation_n and_o resemblance_n a_o carbuncle_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o great_a rubine_n and_o a_o great_a rubine_n be_v think_v worthy_a of_o the_o name_n of_o a_o carbuncle_n if_o a_o rubine_n be_v find_v so_o big_a as_o that_o it_o may_v weigh_v twenty_o ceratia_n that_o be_v a_o drachma_n and_o a_o scruple_n then_o may_v it_o worthy_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o carbuncle_n ludovicus_n vartomannus_n a_o roman_a report_v that_o the_o king_n of_o pege_n a_o city_n in_o india_n have_v a_o carbuncle_n of_o so_o great_a a_o magnitude_n and_o splendour_n that_o by_o the_o clear_a light_n of_o it_o he_o may_v in_o a_o dark_a place_n be_v see_v even_o as_o if_o the_o room_n or_o place_n have_v be_v illustrate_v by_o the_o sun_n beam_n of_o its_o tincture_n or_o foil_n this_o though_o it_o be_v a_o very_a glorious_a stone_n and_o of_o excellent_a beauty_n yet_o a_o foil_n be_v use_v to_o it_o as_o to_o all_o other_o gem_n of_o transparency_n &_o perspicuity_n the_o foil_n be_v either_o make_v of_o tinctured_a mastic_n or_o of_o a_o die_v vitreous_a substance_n or_o else_o a_o red_a gold_n foil_n be_v use_v about_o it_o of_o its_o adulteration_n it_o may_v be_v adulterate_v by_o a_o rubine_n of_o a_o very_a dilute_a redness_n by_o put_v a_o red_a gold_n foil_n tincture_n or_o colour_n under_o it_o or_o by_o put_v some_o splendent_a glass_n dye_v with_o a_o red_a colour_n under_o it_o and_o thus_o without_o diligent_a caution_n it_o may_v be_v take_v for_o a_o true_a jewel_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o all_o be_v help_v with_o a_o foil_n another_o way_n of_o its_o adulteration_n be_v by_o a_o white_a saphire_n or_o a_o crystal_n or_o a_o topaz_n or_o a_o ordinary_a diamond_n with_o a_o red_a gold_n foil_n place_v under_o it_o in_o its_o enclose_v either_o in_o ouch_n or_o ring_n another_o way_n they_o have_v of_o adulterate_v of_o it_o and_o that_o be_v by_o glew_v two_o fair_a crystal_n together_o with_o a_o little_a mastic_n tincture_v with_o a_o red_a or_o crimson_a colour_n in_o this_o manner_n i_o have_v see_v two_o piece_n of_o crystal_n so_o glue_v together_o as_o that_o they_o be_v once_o set_v with_o a_o foil_n they_o can_v hardly_o be_v discern_v from_o a_o true_a ruby_n the_o adulteration_n of_o this_o gemm_n may_v be_v thus_o discover_v first_o by_o the_o want_n of_o sparkle_a and_o send_v forth_o of_o lively_a ray_n then_o by_o bring_v the_o gemm_n to_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o file_n a_o true_a ruby_n will_v endure_v the_o file_n but_o a_o factitious_a stone_n or_o a_o soft_a counterfeit_a adulterate_a stone_n will_v not_o another_o way_n of_o discern_v the_o falsehood_n will_v be_v this_o take_v the_o jewel_n you_o suspect_v and_o direct_v your_o eye_n from_o the_o verge_n or_o margin_n of_o its_o enclosure_n through_o the_o gemm_n unto_o the_o opposite_a side_n of_o its_o enclosure_n and_o if_o it_o consist_v of_o two_o part_n with_o a_o tinctured_a foil_n betwixt_o you_o will_v easy_o perceive_v the_o upper_a part_n to_o be_v void_a of_o colour_n from_o whence_o you_o may_v gather_v that_o it_o do_v receive_v its_o glory_n from_o the_o foil_n such_o artificial_a angle_n and_o corner_n will_v jeweller_n cut_v and_o excavate_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o soft_a transparent_a stone_n as_o i_o have_v see_v that_o by_o the_o manifold_a reflection_n of_o these_o low_a superficies_n into_o every_o part_n of_o the_o uppermost_a superficies_n of_o the_o jewel_n a_o skilful_a jeweller_n shall_v hardly_o perceive_v their_o craft_n there_o be_v a_o adulteration_n of_o the_o ruby_n with_o boil_a orpement_n but_o these_o be_v fit_a for_o nothing_o else_o but_o statue_n of_o this_o mention_n be_v make_v in_o baptista_n porta_n in_o his_o magia_n lib._n the_o gem_n of_o its_o name_n in_o hebrew_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d barakath_v that_o be_v carbunculus_fw-la vel_fw-la pyropus_fw-la the_o hebrew_n word_n come_v of_o the_o verb_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d barak_fw-mi which_o signify_v fulgurare_fw-la and_o indeed_o this_o stone_n do_v cast_v forth_o the_o glory_n of_o its_o splendour_n and_o its_o sparkling_n like_o lightning_n of_o the_o greek_n it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o splendour_n which_o it_o have_v in_o its_o self_n like_a unto_o a_o fire-coal_n hence_o also_o in_o latin_a it_n be_v call_v carbunculus_fw-la it_o be_v also_o call_v pyropus_fw-la from_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v fire_n and_o apyrausta_n quod_fw-la ignem_fw-la sentire_fw-la non_fw-la videatur_fw-la in_o latin_a carbunculus_fw-la in_o german_a ein_fw-mi rubin_n in_o italian_a un_fw-fr rubino_n carbunculo_fw-la in_o french_a escar_fw-la boucle_n in_o spanish_a el_fw-es carvoncol_fw-la piedra_fw-fr in_o english_a carbuncle_n the_o kind_n of_o it_o there_o be_v divers_a kind_n of_o it_o as_o the_o rubine_n granat_n almandine_n red_a hyacinth_n which_o all_o be_v to_o be_v show_v in_o order_n as_o follow_v of_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o be_v find_v the_o best_a of_o these_o be_v find_v in_o the_o isleland_n call_v zeilan_n some_o small_a one_o be_v find_v in_o coria_n calcutta_n cambaya_n bisnager_n there_o be_v excellent_a one_o find_v in_o the_o river_n pegu_n the_o inhabitant_n there_o try_v they_o with_o their_o mouth_n and_o tongue_n the_o cold_a and_o hard_o they_o be_v the_o better_a they_o be_v they_o grow_v in_o a_o certain_a stony_a matrix_fw-la of_o a_o rosy_a colour_n which_o if_o it_o be_v transparent_a be_v call_v balassium_n rubinum_n pallatium_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la pallatium_fw-la for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o same_o i_o where_o the_o saphire_n be_v find_v and_o according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o its_o nourishment_n it_o be_v find_v of_o a_o mix_a colour_n boetius_fw-la say_v that_o rodolphus_n the_o second_o the_o emperor_n have_v one_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o small_a hen_n egg_n 72._o anselm_n boetius_fw-la p._n 72._o of_o its_o property_n this_o gemm_n which_o aristotle_n call_v gnomonem_fw-la sigillum_fw-la and_o gemmarum_fw-la regulam_fw-la if_o it_o be_v great_a and_o very_o excellent_a it_o do_v emulate_v the_o bright_a shine_a of_o a_o flame_n of_o fire_n it_o be_v of_o so_o great_a lustre_n and_o of_o so_o excellent_a a_o splendour_n that_o s._n epiphanius_n say_v of_o it_o that_o if_o it_o be_v wear_v whatever_o garment_n it_o be_v cover_v withal_o it_o can_v be_v hide_v this_o speak_v
it_o into_o a_o strong_a calcine_v pot_n and_o set_v it_o into_o a_o furnace_n for_o a_o day_n this_o powder_n be_v easy_o melt_v therefore_o the_o fire_n must_v not_o be_v very_o vehement_a and_o it_o must_v be_v keep_v always_o at_o the_o same_o stay_n of_o its_o name_n in_o greek_a it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d quasi_fw-la aureus_fw-la lapis_fw-la and_o from_o hence_o also_o in_o latin_a it_n be_v call_v chrysolithus_fw-la from_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d quia_fw-la est_fw-la lapis_fw-la qui_fw-la aureo_fw-la colore_fw-la translucet_fw-la that_o be_v because_o it_o have_v with_o it_o a_o golden_a translucency_n say_v martinus_n rulandus_n solinus_n cap._n 33._o call_v it_o chrysolampon_n in_o english_a it_o be_v call_v the_o chrysolite_n the_o kind_n of_o it_o there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o chrysolite_n the_o first_o which_o be_v the_o true_a chrysolite_n be_v a_o very_a hard_a glorious_a sunshine_n gemm_n which_o albertus_n magnus_n say_v do_v discover_v the_o great_a of_o its_o beauty_n in_o the_o morning_n and_o at_o other_o time_n of_o the_o day_n be_v less_o beautiful_a than_o then_o the_o other_o two_o kind_n of_o this_o gemm_n be_v less_o glorious_a than_o the_o former_a the_o one_o of_o these_o kind_n be_v call_v chryselectrum_fw-la the_o other_o melichrysus_n both_o these_o name_n import_v something_o of_o a_o golden_a colour_n but_o these_o stone_n be_v less_o glorious_a and_o soft_a than_o the_o former_a of_o the_o place_n there_o be_v oriental_a chrysolite_n and_o occidental_a chrysolite_n the_o best_a of_o the_o oriental_a one_o be_v find_v in_o aethiopia_n these_o be_v like_a unto_o most_o pure_a gold_n with_o a_o excellent_a splendour_n they_o be_v the_o hard_a of_o all_o other_o jewel_n but_o the_o diamond_n there_o be_v also_o chrysolite_n find_v in_o arabia_n but_o these_o sometime_o have_v too_o much_o yellowness_n and_o sometime_o too_o little_a sometime_o they_o have_v various_a colour_n and_o sometime_o they_o be_v cloud_v but_o these_o fall_n much_o short_a of_o the_o glory_n of_o a_o excellent_a chrysolite_n who_o sunshine_n beauty_n will_v easy_o make_v it_o know_v from_o all_o the_o soft_a trouble_a cloud_a kind_n thereof_o there_o be_v also_o european_a chrysolite_n which_o be_v frequent_o find_v in_o bohemia_n of_o as_o great_a glory_n and_o excellency_n as_o the_o oriental_a once_o and_o they_o differ_v only_o in_o this_o in_o that_o these_o be_v somewhat_o soft_a than_o the_o oriental_a one_o there_o be_v very_o excellent_a one_o find_v in_o india_n and_o bactria_n and_o those_o in_o very_o great_a weight_n but_o soft_a sometime_o of_o the_o weight_n of_o twelve_o pound_n anselmus_fw-la boetius_fw-la say_v that_o he_o see_v a_o bohemian_a chrysolite_n that_o be_v give_v to_o rodolphus_n the_o second_o emperor_n of_o rome_n that_o be_v two_o ell_n long_o and_o half_a a_o ell_n broad_a of_o its_o nature_n property_n and_o quality_n it_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o solaris_fw-la or_o sun-stone_n cardanus_n in_o his_o book_n of_o admirable_a cure_n do_v relate_v wonder_n concern_v the_o virtue_n of_o the_o chrysolite_n he_o say_v that_o with_o the_o alone_a powder_n of_o it_o drink_v in_o wine_n he_o cure_v cesar_n palavicinus_n of_o a_o fever_n that_o he_o have_v be_v trouble_v withal_o fifteen_o day_n and_o another_o nobleman_n of_o melancholy_a and_o of_o the_o fall_a sickness_n with_o the_o same_o remedy_n after_o that_o he_o have_v long_o in_o vain_a be_v torment_v with_o the_o somniferous_a lotion_n of_o physician_n the_o powder_n of_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v good_a in_o asthmatick_n passion_n and_o in_o the_o orthopnoea_n if_o it_o be_v drink_v in_o a_o convenient_a liquor_n if_o in_o fever_n it_o be_v hold_v under_o the_o tongue_n it_o be_v say_v to_o quench_v thirst_n it_o be_v cold_a and_o dry_a as_o all_o other_o precious_a stone_n be_v of_o its_o value_n and_o dignity_n it_o be_v of_o esteem_n not_o only_o for_o its_o sunshine_n glory_n but_o for_o that_o also_o it_o have_v be_v of_o sacred_a use_n this_o be_v one_o of_o those_o stone_n by_o which_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o seven_o foundation_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o new-jerusalem_n be_v discover_v to_o we_o as_o revel_v 21.20_o it_o be_v for_o its_o grateful_a aspect_n of_o very_a great_a esteem_n it_o be_v so_o perfect_o hard_a as_o that_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o fire_n it_o may_v be_v make_v diaphanous_a and_o void_a of_o all_o colour_n and_o thus_o like_o the_o best_a saphire_n change_v into_o a_o admirable_a diamond_n in_o so_o much_o as_o it_o be_v thus_o deal_v withal_o no_o other_o stone_n whatever_o can_v better_o resemble_v a_o oriental_a diamond_n than_o it_o will_n a_o chrysolite_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o eight_o grain_n be_v worth_a four_o crown_n one_o of_o these_o excellent_a one_o of_o twelve_o grain_n weight_n be_v worth_a nine_o crown_n and_o one_o of_o these_o glorious_a one_o of_o the_o weight_n of_o two_o scruple_n be_v worth_a one_o hundred_o crown_n anselmus_fw-la boetius_fw-la say_v that_o he_o see_v one_o of_o these_o that_o weigh_v scarce_o two_o scruple_n and_o it_o be_v sell_v for_o two_o hundred_o crown_n the_o colour_n of_o which_o he_o say_v be_v separate_v from_o it_o it_o be_v so_o exact_o set_v in_o a_o ring_n that_o a_o skilful_a jeweller_n can_v not_o know_v it_o from_o a_o true_a diamond_n it_o be_v whiten_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o the_o saphire_n be_v of_o which_o have_v be_v before_o speak_v ovid._n lib._n 2._o metamorph._n do_v very_o splendid_o feign_v a_o chariot_n of_o the_o sun_n make_v of_o a_o chrysolite_n in_o that_o he_o say_v aureus_n axis_fw-la erat_fw-la temo_fw-la aureus_fw-la aurea_fw-la summae_fw-la curvatura_fw-la rotae_fw-la radiorum_fw-la argenteus_fw-la ordo_fw-la per_fw-la juga_fw-la chrysolithi_fw-la positaéque_fw-la ex_fw-la ordine_fw-la gemmae_fw-la clara_n repercusso_fw-la reddebant_fw-la lumina_fw-la phoebo_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o beryll_n description_n of_o the_o stone_n the_o beryll_n be_v a_o transparent_a precious_a gem_n of_o a_o pale_a green_a colour_n such_o as_o be_v most_o true_o resemble_v by_o a_o sea-water_n green_a which_o colour_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o mixture_n of_o a_o blue_a and_o green_a in_o so_o much_o as_o this_o gem_n be_v blue_a out_o of_o a_o green_a that_o be_v it_o do_v discover_v its_o blue_a through_o the_o colour_n of_o green_a epiphanius_n say_v of_o this_o gem_n that_o it_o be_v glauca_fw-la gemma_fw-la of_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o quiet_a sea_n all_o beryll_n be_v transparent_a say_v boetius_fw-la and_o have_v a_o allay_v colour_n that_o be_v not_o a_o full_a colour_n for_o if_o they_o have_v a_o full_a colour_n they_o be_v take_v for_o other_o common_a jewel_n if_o you_o will_v see_v the_o perfect_a colour_n of_o the_o beryll_n put_v a_o little_a indigo_n into_o fair_a water_n and_o with_o it_o a_o ten_o part_n of_o green_a colour_n and_o you_o shall_v have_v the_o perfect_a resemblance_n and_o true_a colour_n of_o the_o beryll_n pliny_n say_v that_o the_o beryll_n be_v in_o fashion_n six-quare_a and_o in_o colour_n like_o oil_n or_o water_n in_o the_o sea_n of_o its_o foil_n or_o tincture_n this_o be_v a_o transparent_a gem_n may_v without_o all_o peradventure_o admit_v of_o a_o foil_n to_o quicken_v it_o in_o the_o discovery_n of_o its_o glory_n and_o lustre_n of_o its_o adulteration_n sophisticatour_n be_v wont_a lucri_fw-la causâ_fw-la to_o adulterate_a this_o gem_n thus_o r._n aes_fw-la ustum_fw-la fine_o powder_a and_o mingle_v it_o with_o crystal_n and_o glass_n powder_v or_o with_o calcine_v crystal_n and_o glass_n and_o set_v it_o in_o a_o furnace_n for_o a_o day_n and_o you_o shall_v have_v a_o beryll_n one_o drachma_n of_o the_o aes_fw-la ustum_fw-la be_v sufficient_a for_o a_o pound_n of_o the_o other_o vitreous_a mass_n of_o its_o name_n the_o hebrew_n call_v this_o stone_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d tarshish_n as_o exod._n 28.20_o it_o seem_v to_o have_v its_o name_n as_o it_o do_v appear_v by_o buxtorff_n from_o the_o maritime_a city_n tarshish_n it_o be_v a_o whole_a transparent_a stone_n of_o a_o sea-water_n green_a the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v by_o s._n 20._o see_v biblioth_n reg._n hisp_n l._n exod._n c._n 28._o vers_fw-la 20._o hierome_n interpret_v chrysolithus_fw-la but_o indeed_o the_o chrysolite_n which_o be_v verè_fw-la chrysolithus_fw-la be_v much_o different_a from_o it_o as_o be_v of_o a_o golden_a colour_n whereas_o the_o â—arshish_n be_v green_a anselmus_fw-la boetius_fw-la say_v that_o the_o hebrew_n call_v this_o stone_n jashpech_n but_o thus_o it_o have_v no_o resembance_n at_o all_o with_o the_o tarshish_n as_o it_o be_v by_o s._n hierome_n interpret_v chrysolithus_fw-la but_o it_o seem_v rather_o to_o have_v some_o kind_n of_o affinity_n with_o the_o species_n of_o the_o jasper_n some_o of_o the_o kind_n of_o which_o be_v
topaz_n of_o the_o ancient_n of_o which_o hebrew_n word_n we_o have_v before_o speak_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o emerald_n or_o smaragde_v and_o that_o because_o this_o stone_n be_v green_a like_o the_o emerald_n it_o be_v call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o hesych_n it_o be_v thus_o call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d quòd_fw-la multo_fw-la study_v quaeritur_fw-la it_o be_v also_o call_v topazion_fw-la from_o a_o cloudy_a island_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n which_o be_v often_o seek_v for_o by_o navigatour_n for_o which_o frequent_a search_n it_o be_v call_v topazion_fw-la and_o the_o gem_n be_v so_o name_v because_o it_o be_v find_v in_o this_o island_n topazin_n from_o whence_o this_o name_n topazion_fw-la come_v be_v a_o trogloditish_a word_n which_o in_o the_o language_n of_o the_o troglodyte_n signify_v quaerere_fw-la or_o to_o seek_v the_o troglodyte_n be_v ethiopian_n which_o be_v extend_v to_o arabia_n and_o the_o red_a sea_n who_o have_v this_o name_n from_o their_o frequent_v of_o cavern_n and_o cave_n of_o the_o earth_n hence_o in_o greek_a they_o be_v call_v troglodyte_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hoc_fw-la est_fw-la à _fw-la specu_fw-la &_o caverna_fw-la quòd_fw-la in_o specubus_fw-la &_o cavernis_fw-la degant_fw-la pliny_n l._n 37._o c._n 8._o say_v that_o this_o gem_n be_v first_o bring_v out_o of_o the_o island_n of_o the_o troglodyte_n call_v topazion_fw-la à _fw-la quaerendo_fw-la to_o berenice_n queen_n of_o egypt_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v call_v topazion_fw-la it_o be_v call_v in_o english_a topaz_n in_o italian_a topazzio_n in_o french_a topasse_n in_o spanish_a topazziè_fw-fr in_o german_n ein_fw-mi topass_n of_o its_o kind_n pliny_n make_v two_o kind_n of_o it_o 1._o prasoin_fw-fr or_o 2._o chrysopteron_n but_o neither_o of_o these_o have_v the_o true_a lustre_n of_o the_o topaz_n albertus_n magnus_fw-la and_o evax_n do_v likewise_o make_v two_o kind_n of_o this_o stone_n the_o one_o of_o a_o aureus_fw-la colour_n the_o other_o of_o a_o saffron_a colour_n but_o both_o these_o be_v free_a as_o well_o as_o the_o former_a two_o from_o the_o delightful_a glory_n of_o a_o excellent_a perfect_a topaz_n describe_v by_o i_o according_a to_o the_o best_a discovery_n in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o chapter_n to_o be_v a_o please_a green_a gemm_n of_o a_o dilute_a verdure_n and_o very_o delightful_a to_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o place_n the_o place_n in_o which_o the_o true_a topaz_n be_v find_v be_v the_o island_n of_o chitis_n in_o arabia_n felix_fw-la there_o be_v a_o certain_a rock_n in_o a_o island_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n near_o arabia_n felix_fw-la in_o which_o the_o topaz_n be_v find_v it_o be_v also_o find_v in_o the_o island_n call_v topazion_fw-la which_o be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o troglodyte_n and_o as_o pliny_n say_v it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o mine_n of_o alabaster_n near_o thebes_n a_o city_n of_o egypt_n of_o its_o property_n nature_n and_o quality_n it_o be_v of_o such_o excellent_a faculty_n as_o that_o it_o be_v say_v of_o it_o that_o it_o free_v man_n from_o passion_n and_o from_o sadness_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o that_o if_o it_o be_v cast_v into_o scald_a hot_a or_o boil_a water_n it_o do_v so_o assuage_v in_o a_o wonderful_a manner_n and_o so_o in_o a_o instant_n and_o of_o a_o sudden_a astonish_v and_o stupefy_v its_o heat_n and_o fervour_n as_o that_o it_o straight_o take_v away_o all_o its_o boil_a and_o its_o heat_n and_o a_o man_n may_v in_o that_o very_a instant_n in_o which_o it_o be_v put_v in_o put_v his_o hand_n without_o any_o hurt_n or_o danger_n into_o that_o water_n which_o even_o now_o with_o the_o fervency_n of_o heat_n boil_a up_o see_v epiphanius_n and_o albertus_n for_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v a_o very_a excellent_a remedy_n for_o the_o mitigate_a of_o choler_n and_o of_o choleric_a passion_n it_o be_v report_v of_o it_o that_o it_o do_v drive_v away_o nocturnal_a fear_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a effectual_a amulet_n against_o choleric_a distemper_n of_o the_o brain_n author_n do_v say_v of_o it_o that_o if_o it_o be_v put_v upon_o a_o table_n where_o poison_n be_v or_o venom_n be_v leave_v it_o will_v straightway_o fail_v of_o its_o splendour_n and_o loose_v its_o glory_n and_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o poison_n or_o venom_n be_v take_v away_o it_o will_v recover_v all_o its_o glory_n again_o wonderful_a be_v this_o also_o which_o be_v report_v of_o this_o stone_n namely_o that_o it_o do_v increase_v and_o decrease_v in_o its_o strength_n of_o power_n and_o faculty_n according_a to_o the_o increase_n and_o decrease_v of_o the_o moon_n this_o stone_n be_v so_o hard_a that_o it_o will_v endure_v the_o file_n and_o it_o grow_v into_o so_o great_a a_o mass_n that_o oft_o time_n statue_n have_v be_v make_v of_o it_o juba_n king_n of_o mauritania_n write_v concern_v this_o precious_a gemm_n that_o there_o be_v a_o statue_n of_o four_o cubit_n make_v of_o it_o for_o arsinoe_n the_o wife_n of_o ptolemeus_n philadelphus_n which_o be_v consecrate_v to_o the_o god_n it_o be_v report_v of_o hadrianus_n gulielmus_fw-la that_o at_o naples_n he_o have_v a_o topaz_n engrave_v with_o these_o ancient_a roman_a letter_n natura_fw-la deficit_fw-la fortuna_fw-la mutatur_fw-la deus_fw-la omne_fw-la cernit_fw-la in_o english_a thus_o nature_n by_o frailty_n do_v daily_o waste_v away_o fortune_n be_v turn_v and_o change_v every_o day_n in_o all_o there_o be_v a_o eye_n know_v no_o decay_n jah_n see_v we_o for_o aye_o of_o its_o dignity_n and_o value_n the_o excellent_a topaz_n in_o the_o glory_n of_o its_o viridity_n have_v be_v esteem_v a_o stone_n of_o great_a value_n and_o that_o not_o only_o for_o its_o innate_a inbred_a excellency_n whereby_o it_o be_v very_o pleasant_a to_o the_o eye_n but_o because_o it_o have_v be_v of_o sacred_a use_n as_o both_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n do_v affirm_v it_o be_v one_o of_o those_o gem_n which_o have_v a_o place_n in_o one_o of_o those_o four_o row_n of_o stone_n engrave_v with_o the_o name_n of_o the_o tribe_n of_o israel_n and_o set_v in_o ouch_n of_o gold_n upon_o the_o breastplate_n of_o judgement_n as_o exodus_fw-la 28.17_o where_o it_o be_v say_v of_o god_n concern_v the_o order_n of_o the_o precious_a stone_n in_o the_o breastplate_n of_o judgement_n the_o first_o row_n shall_v be_v a_o sardius_n and_o a_o topaz_n and_o a_o carbuncle_n this_o shall_v be_v the_o first_o row_n it_o be_v also_o one_o of_o those_o stone_n whereby_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o nine_o foundation_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o new_a jerusalem_n be_v discover_v to_o we_o as_o revel_v 21.20_o those_o that_o be_v excellent_a topaz_n do_v sparkle_v forth_o their_o glory_n and_o beam_n forth_o their_o delightful_a ray_n these_o be_v of_o much_o esteem_n and_o of_o very_o great_a worth_n price_n and_o value_n chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o topaz_n or_o rather_o of_o the_o true_a chrysolite_n and_o of_o the_o chryselectrum_fw-la and_o melichrysus_n in_o former_a time_n that_o have_v be_v vulgar_o and_o common_o call_v a_o chrysolite_n which_o true_o be_v a_o topaz_n and_o that_o a_o topaz_n which_o be_v indeed_o a_o chrysolite_n as_o appear_v by_o cardanus_n his_o book_n which_o he_o have_v write_v de_fw-la lapidibus_fw-la pretiosis_fw-la description_n of_o the_o stone_n the_o true_a chrysolite_n be_v a_o gemm_n translucide_n perspicuous_a or_o transparent_a with_o a_o excellent_a aureus_fw-la or_o golden_a splendour_n or_o as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v with_o a_o please_a sunshine_n splendour_n boetius_fw-la say_v that_o a_o water_n colour_v with_o rhubarb_n or_o with_o saffron_n do_v make_v a_o representation_n of_o the_o tincture_n of_o a_o chrysolite_n of_o its_o foil_n or_o tincture_n this_o be_v a_o transparent_a gemm_n do_v without_o all_o question_n admit_v of_o a_o foil_n such_o as_o may_v be_v a_o gold_n foil_n or_o some_o other_o tinctured_a according_o of_o its_o adulteration_n the_o chrysolite_n for_o the_o elegancy_n of_o their_o aureus_fw-la colour_n be_v divers_a way_n adulterate_v the_o best_a of_o such_o sophistication_n be_v in_o this_o follow_a manner_n r._n of_o powder_n of_o crystal_n or_o of_o glass_n lb._n put_v two_o drachma_n of_o crocus_n martis_n to_o it_o and_o a_o little_a minium_n this_o must_v be_v put_v to_o it_o as_o it_o be_v melt_v upon_o the_o fire_n or_o in_o the_o furnace_n baptista_n porta_n in_o his_o magia_n say_v that_o the_o minium_n must_v first_o be_v put_v in_o and_o after_o that_o the_o crocus_n or_o put_v to_o calcine_v crystal_n thrice_o so_o much_o minium_n and_o let_v it_o stand_v for_o one_o whole_a day_n in_o a_o furnace_n and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o chrysolite_n or_o r._n aes_fw-la ustum_fw-la fine_o powder_a and_o minium_n and_o crystal_n fine_o powder_v and_o four_o time_n so_o much_o burn_v tinn_n put_v
stone_n be_v roundish_n in_o shape_n like_v unto_o a_o olive_n of_o colour_n white_a and_o sometime_o brownish_a and_o be_v easy_o break_v aetius_n call_v it_o lapis_n syriacus_n other_o phrenicite_v pliny_n for_o its_o fragility_n call_v it_o tecolithos_n it_o be_v find_v in_o india_n and_o in_o silesia_n it_o be_v esteem_v good_a against_o the_o stone_n in_o the_o bladder_n and_o reins_o boetius_fw-la and_o dioscorides_n chap._n lxii_o of_o the_o morochthus_n the_o morochthus_n be_v a_o white_a soft_a stone_n it_o be_v good_a to_o make_v linen_n garment_n white_a withal_o if_o it_o be_v first_o dissolve_v it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v endue_v with_o a_o power_n of_o open_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o body_n dioscorides_n say_v it_o be_v find_v in_o egypt_n and_o georg._n agricola_n say_v it_o be_v find_v in_o saxony_n near_o heldeshim_n where_o it_o be_v call_v milchstein_n the_o galactite_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o it_o which_o be_v also_o call_v galaxius_n this_o be_v find_v in_o egypt_n the_o linen_n draper_n with_o this_o stone_n do_v use_v to_o make_v their_o cloth_n white_a chap._n lxiii_o of_o the_o magnes_n or_o loadstone_n description_n of_o the_o stone_n the_o magnes_n or_o loadstone_n be_v a_o stone_n of_o a_o brownish_a colour_n with_o a_o tendency_n to_o a_o skye-colour_n thick_a and_o not_o very_o heavy_a which_o as_o say_v rulandus_n do_v by_o its_o own_o proper_a power_n and_o innate_a virtue_n draw_v iron_n unto_o its_o self_n boetius_fw-la and_o dioscorides_n say_v that_o this_o which_o be_v brownish_a with_o a_o tendency_n to_o a_o skye-colour_n be_v the_o best_a but_o mart._n rulandus_n say_v that_o the_o best_a be_v always_o of_o a_o skye-colour_n it_o be_v adulteration_n there_o be_v no_o fear_n of_o the_o adulterate_n of_o this_o stone_n if_o natural_o it_o be_v endue_v with_o such_o power_n virtue_n and_o attractive_a faculty_n as_o author_n relate_v and_o write_v of_o it_o for_o though_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o impossible_a to_o make_v by_o art_n a_o loadstone_n in_o colour_n form_n and_o substance_n yet_o be_v it_o altogether_o impossible_a for_o any_o man_n to_o add_v such_o power_n virtue_n and_o attraction_n to_o it_o as_o natural_o the_o true_a loadstone_n be_v say_v to_o be_v endue_v withal_o though_o i_o confess_v a_o impostor_n may_v delude_v a_o unwary_a buyer_n of_o this_o stone_n by_o a_o acquire_v attractive_a faculty_n scilicet_fw-la mediante_fw-la daemonis_fw-la pro_fw-la tempore_fw-la potestate_fw-la its_o name_n in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a galen_n nicander_n and_o pliny_n call_v it_o magnes_n which_o name_n by_o the_o two_o last_o name_v author_n be_v attribute_v to_o it_o from_o he_o who_o be_v the_o first_o finder_n of_o its_o attractive_a power_n namely_o magnes_n a_o shepherd_n of_o india_n who_o be_v wont_a to_o keep_v his_o flock_n about_o those_o mountain_n in_o india_n where_o there_o be_v abundance_n of_o these_o stone_n herculeus_fw-la lapis_fw-la it_o be_v also_o call_v from_o its_o predominant_a power_n by_o which_o it_o be_v say_v to_o draw_v iron_n to_o itself_o which_o tame_v all_o thing_n heracleus_n lapis_fw-la it_o be_v also_o call_v from_o a_o city_n of_o lydia_n call_v heraclea_n by_o some_o and_o by_o other_o magnesia_n where_o the_o best_a of_o these_o stone_n be_v say_v to_o be_v find_v hence_o this_o stone_n as_o some_o think_v have_v its_o name_n of_o magnes_n and_o hence_o these_o verse_n of_o lucretius_n quem_fw-la magneta_fw-la vocant_fw-la patrio_fw-la de_fw-la nomine_fw-la graii_n magnetum_n quia_fw-la sit_fw-la patriis_fw-la in_o montibus_fw-la ortus_fw-la callimachus_n call_v it_o heracleotis_n pliny_n siderite_n in_o german_a magn_v in_o saxon_n ein_fw-mi segelstein_n and_o in_o italian_a calamita_n piodra_n it_o be_v from_o its_o use_n call_v lapis_fw-la nauticus_fw-la in_o english_a the_o loadstone_n the_o kind_n of_o it_o albertus_n magnus_n l._n 2._o metal_n tract_n 3._o c._n 6._o say_v that_o in_o that_o age_n in_o which_o aristotle_n live_v there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o loadstone_n know_v one_o kind_n which_o do_v direct_v or_o draw_v iron_n to_o the_o north_n another_o kind_n which_o do_v direct_v or_o draw_v iron_n to_o the_o south_n pliny_n l._n c._n 16._o plin._n lib._n 36._o cap._n 16._o speak_v of_o five_o kind_n of_o this_o stone_n 1._o magnes_fw-la aethiopicus_n which_o have_v power_n not_o only_o of_o draw_v iron_n to_o itself_o but_o also_o of_o a_o other_o loadstone_n hence_o these_o verse_n of_o silius_n venere_n aethiopes_n gens_fw-la haud_fw-la incognita_fw-la nilo_fw-la qui_fw-la magneta_fw-la secant_fw-la solis_fw-la honour_n ille_fw-la metalli_fw-la incoctum_fw-la chalybem_fw-la vicino_fw-la ducere_fw-la saxon_a 2._o the_o second_o kind_n be_v call_v magnesiacus_n it_o be_v in_o colour_n of_o a_o yellowish_a red_a and_o black_a 3._o the_o three_o be_v call_v echius_n and_o it_o be_v more_o of_o a_o yellowish_a red_a then_o black_a 4._o the_o four_o 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