the_o great_a be_v the_o injury_n and_o avarice_n of_o magistrate_n and_o man_n in_o authority_n whereof_o we_o have_v a_o bloody_a example_n now_o before_o we_o the_o truth_n of_o which_o be_v make_v manifest_a as_o well_o in_o the_o soldier_n as_o their_o officer_n hamilcar_n great_o provoke_v at_o these_o barbarity_n order_v hanno_n to_o join_v he_o conclude_v that_o by_o unite_n all_o their_o troop_n into_o one_o body_n they_o shall_v soon_o put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o war._n and_o now_o contrary_a to_o his_o custom_n he_o put_v all_o of_o the_o enemy_n to_o death_n who_o fall_v into_o his_o hand_n and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n prisoner_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o army_n he_o order_v they_o without_o mercy_n to_o be_v devour_v of_o wild_a beast_n be_v at_o length_n convince_v that_o the_o only_a remedy_n to_o the_o evil_n under_o which_o they_o suffer_v be_v to_o extend_v no_o compassion_n to_o the_o offender_n but_o to_o diminish_v and_o utter_o destroy_v they_o by_o all_o mean_v 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two_o several_a place_n invest_v it_o with_o their_o two_o camp_n which_o hold_v communication_n by_o mean_n of_o a_o retrenchment_n fortify_v with_o a_o ditch_n a_o rampart_n and_o a_o wall_n they_o make_v their_o first_o approach_n against_o a_o tower_n or_o work_v stand_v by_o the_o seaside_n which_o look_v towards_o africa_n and_o by_o their_o diligence_n and_o incessant_a application_n add_v something_o every_o day_n they_o soon_o demolish_v that_o and_o six_o other_o tower_n stand_v near_o it_o and_o then_o they_o make_v way_n to_o approach_v with_o their_o ram_n to_o batter_v the_o other_o work_v and_o have_v now_o demolish_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o many_o of_o their_o tower_n be_v shake_v and_o some_o lay_v level_a with_o the_o ground_n the_o besiege_a begin_v to_o be_v hard_o press_v the_o enemy_n have_v make_v a_o lodgement_n even_o within_o their_o work_n insomuch_o that_o though_o they_o have_v a_o garrison_n in_o the_o town_n of_o ten_o thousand_o man_n beside_o the_o inhabitant_n they_o can_v not_o conceal_v the_o terror_n they_o be_v under_o nevertheless_o hamilcar_n the_o governor_n perform_v the_o part_n of_o a_o diligent_a and_o able_a officer_n by_o fortyfy_v and_o rebuilding_n such_o work_n as_o the_o enemy_n have_v demolish_v by_o make_v countermine_n where_o it_o be_v find_v needful_a and_o in_o a_o word_n by_o endeavour_v to_o find_v work_n enough_o for_o the_o besieger_n wherever_o they_o press_v he_o his_o diligence_n be_v such_o as_o it_o may_v be_v say_v he_o be_v present_a everywhere_o he_o be_v watchful_a of_o all_o occasion_n of_o molest_v the_o enemy_n sometime_o by_o burn_v their_o engine_n sometime_o to_o the_o end_n to_o divert_v they_o day_n and_o night_n he_o will_v make_v hazardous_a sally_n insomuch_o that_o it_o may_v be_v say_v they_o lose_v more_o man_n than_o if_o they_o have_v fight_v range_v battle_n in_o the_o field_n while_o affair_n stand_v in_o this_o posture_n a_o piece_n of_o treachery_n be_v discover_v certain_a officer_n of_o a_o principal_a rank_n among_o the_o mercenary_n who_o serve_v in_o the_o town_n confide_v in_o the_o soldier_n readiness_n to_o follow_v they_o conspire_v to_o deliver_v up_o the_o place_n and_o by_o night_n go_v over_o to_o the_o roman_a camp_n to_o negotiate_v their_o purpose_n with_o the_o consul_n but_o it_o happen_v that_o a_o certain_a achaean_n alexo_n by_o name_n one_o who_o have_v do_v the_o like_a grateful_a piece_n of_o service_n in_o the_o preservation_n of_o agrigentum_n which_o the_o mercenary_n will_v have_v likewise_o betray_v to_o the_o syracusian_n discover_v this_o conspiracy_n to_o hamilcar_n who_o immediate_o thereupon_o assemble_v the_o commander_n of_o those_o mercinary_n that_o remain_v in_o the_o town_n to_o who_o he_o impart_v the_o treason_n conjure_v they_o with_o promise_n of_o great_a reward_n and_o preferment_n to_o preserve_v their_o fidelity_n and_o not_o to_o be_v partaker_n in_o the_o villainy_n wherein_o those_o who_o be_v now_o absent_a be_v engage_v whereupon_o have_v frank_o assure_v he_o of_o their_o faith_n he_o dispatch_v they_o to_o deal_v likewise_o with_o their_o soldier_n he_o likewise_o employ_v hannibal_n to_o the_o gaul_n who_o they_o both_o know_v and_o love_v have_v serve_v among_o they_o observe_v by_o the_o way_n that_o this_o hannibal_n be_v son_n of_o he_o of_o the_o same_o name_n who_o be_v murder_v in_o sardinia_n he_o likewise_o send_v alexo_n to_o the_o other_o foreigner_n who_o be_v in_o great_a esteem_n among_o they_o and_o in_o who_o they_o have_v great_a confidence_n in_o short_a the_o person_n thus_o employ_v have_v summon_v the_o several_a nation_n with_o which_o they_o be_v to_o treat_v and_o exhort_v and_o conjure_v they_o to_o continue_v firm_a in_o their_o obedience_n and_o promise_v they_o ample_a reward_n from_o their_o general_n they_o be_v easy_o win_v to_o give_v they_o sincere_a assurance_n of_o their_o faith_n insomuch_o that_o when_o their_o agent_n be_v return_v from_o the_o roman_a camp_n to_o render_v a_o account_n of_o their_o negotiation_n they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o consent_v or_o listen_v to_o they_o that_o they_o drive_v they_o away_o with_o dart_n and_o stone_n thus_o by_o the_o infidility_n of_o their_o mercenary_n the_o carthaginian_n have_v be_v reduce_v to_o great_a strait_n and_o their_o enterprise_n defeat_v have_v not_o alexo_n who_o have_v already_o by_o his_o singular_a virtue_n preserve_v agrigentum_n both_o the_o town_n and_o country_n their_o law_n and_o liberty_n perform_v now_o the_o like_a eminent_a piece_n of_o service_n for_o they_o in_o detect_v so_o dangerous_a a_o conspiracy_n although_o at_o carthage_n they_o be_v yet_o without_o any_o account_n of_o the_o pressure_n of_o lilybaeum_n they_o be_v not_o nevertheless_o unmindful_a of_o the_o necessity_n they_o conclude_v they_o must_v needs_o be_v in_o who_o have_v undergo_v so_o long_o and_o straight_o a_o siege_n
to_o the_o achaian_n and_o aetolian_n those_o of_o apollonia_n and_o dyrrachium_fw-la arrive_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o implore_v succour_n and_o beseech_v they_o not_o to_o permit_v the_o illyrian_n to_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o their_o country_n they_o be_v favourable_o hear_v by_o those_o two_o people_n who_o agree_v together_o to_o dispatch_v ten_o achaean_n ship_n well_o man_v and_o provide_v with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a and_o when_o they_o be_v ready_a they_o make_v sail_n towards_o corfu_n in_o hope_n to_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v the_o siege_n but_o the_o illyrian_n have_v according_a to_o their_o treaty_n receive_v a_o re-inforcement_n of_o ten_o galley_n of_o the_o acarnanian_o be_v get_v a-head_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o engage_v they_o near_o paxus_fw-la the_o achaean_n vessel_n that_o fight_v the_o acarnanian_o make_v it_o but_o a_o kind_n of_o a_o draw_a business_n separate_v with_o little_a harm_n do_v on_o either_o side_n only_o some_o few_o soldier_n hurt_v 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cajus_n fulvius_n depart_v towards_o rome_n with_o the_o major_a part_n of_o both_o army_n but_o posthumius_fw-la remain_v behind_o with_o forty_o long_a vessel_n and_o raise_v a_o army_n from_o among_o the_o native_n to_o the_o end_n if_o there_o shall_v be_v occasion_n he_o may_v be_v in_o a_o posture_n of_o defence_n for_o they_o be_v not_o sure_a of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o ardyan_n and_o other_o who_o have_v put_v themselves_o under_o the_o roman_a protection_n teuta_n early_o the_o follow_a spring_n send_v ambassador_n to_o rome_n with_o who_o she_o make_v her_o peace_n on_o the_o follow_a condition_n that_o she_o shall_v be_v tributary_n to_o the_o roman_n pay_v such_o a_o yearly_a sum_n as_o they_o shall_v think_v fit_a to_o impose_v that_o she_o shall_v relinquish_v entire_o her_o interest_n in_o illyria_n save_v some_o few_o place_n and_o what_o be_v yet_o more_o considerable_a and_o wherein_o the_o greek_n be_v principal_o concern_v she_o be_v not_o to_o navigate_v 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make_v over_o the_o river_n alpheus_n whereby_o to_o facilitate_v his_o passage_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o tryphalians_n at_o the_o same_o time_n dorimachus_n praetor_n of_o the_o aetolian_n send_v six_o hundred_o of_o that_o nation_n under_o the_o command_n of_o phylidas_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o elean_n who_o have_v demand_v succour_n against_o those_o that_o waste_v their_o country_n phylidas_n on_o his_o arrival_n join_v five_o hundred_o mercenary_n to_o his_o own_o troop_n who_o be_v list_v into_o the_o aetolian_a pay_n and_o add_v to_o they_o a_o thousand_o of_o the_o city-band_n together_o with_o certain_a tarentines_n march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o tryphalians_n this_o country_n take_v its_o name_n from_o a_o arcadian_a boy_n call_v tryphalus_n it_o stand_v in_o the_o maritime_a part_n of_o peloponnesus_n between_o the_o elean_n and_o messenian_n look_v towards_o the_o lybian_a sea_n on_o the_o skirt_n of_o achaia_n towards_o the_o north-west_n the_o 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send_v to_o the_o king_n and_z on_o composition_n for_o their_o life_n yield_v it_o up_o this_o success_n spread_v fear_n throughout_o all_o the_o country_n of_o tryphalia_n and_o every_o one_o begin_v to_o deliberate_v how_o to_o preserve_v themselves_o and_o save_v their_o country_n as_o to_o phylidas_n he_o have_v quit_v typanaea_n and_o commit_v some_o spoil_n on_o the_o ally_n retire_v to_o lepreum_n for_o in_o those_o time_n the_o confederate_n of_o the_o aetolian_n be_v accustom_a though_o in_o amity_n not_o only_o to_o be_v by_o they_o desert_v in_o their_o great_a strait_n but_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v plunder_v and_o betray_v by_o they_o and_o endure_v at_o their_o hand_n who_o call_v they_o friend_n all_o the_o outrage_n that_o can_v be_v fear_v from_o a_o conquer_a enemy_n those_o of_o typanaea_n give_v up_o their_o city_n to_o king_n philip_n and_o the_o hypanaean_n follow_v their_o example_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o phialians_n have_v understand_v what_o pass_v in_o tryphalia_n detest_a the_o aetolian_a league_n resolute_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o palace_n where_o the_o polemarch_n or_o magistrate_n reside_v as_o to_o the_o aetolian_a pilferer_n who_o hold_v their_o abode_n at_o phialia_n with_o design_n to_o spoil_v from_o thence_o the_o land_n of_o the_o messenian_n and_o be_v at_o that_o time_n consult_v about_o enterprize_v something_o on_o the_o phialians_n themselves_o when_o they_o come_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v determine_v to_o stand_v on_o their_o guard_n and_o repel_v force_n by_o force_n they_o thereupon_o change_v their_o purpose_n and_o after_o have_v take_v certain_a security_n of_o those_o of_o the_o town_n they_o march_v out_o with_o all_o their_o baggage_n whereupon_o the_o phialians_n dispatch_v their_o deputy_n to_o the_o king_n give_v their_o town_n and_o country_n up_o to_o his_o discretion_n during_o these_o transaction_n the_o lepreans_n seize_v a_o quarter_n of_o the_o town_n into_o their_o hand_n attempt_v to_o force_v out_o of_o the_o citadel_n the_o aetolian_n elean_n and_o the_o troop_n that_o have_v be_v send_v to_o their_o relief_n by_o the_o lacedaemonian_n but_o phylidas_n at_o first_o set_v light_n by_o this_o their_o attempt_n seem_v resolve_v to_o do_v his_o best_a to_o preserve_v the_o town_n in_o obedience_n and_o terrify_v the_o inhabitant_n but_o on_o philip_n send_v taurion_n with_o part_n of_o the_o army_n towards_o phialia_n and_o himself_o now_o draw_v near_o his_o courage_n begin_v to_o sink_v whereupon_o the_o lepreans_n grow_v more_o assure_v and_o do_v a_o action_n in_o that_o occasion_n very_o memorable_a for_o albeit_o there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o town_n a_o thousand_o elean_n five_o hundred_o aetolian_n and_o two_o hundred_o lacedaemonian_n and_o the_o citadel_n over_o and_o above_o in_o their_o hand_n they_o have_v nevertheless_o the_o resolution_n to_o enterprise_v the_o deliver_n of_o their_o country_n and_o will_v not_o consent_v to_o betray_v themselves_o by_o a_o slavish_a fear_n or_o submission_n wherefore_o phylidas_n perceive_v the_o citizen_n determination_n march_v together_o with_o the_o elean_n and_o lacedaemonian_n out_o of_o the_o town_n as_o to_o the_o cretan_n who_o have_v be_v send_v by_o the_o spartiatae_n they_o return_v by_o the_o way_n of_o messina_n to_o their_o own_o country_n and_o phylidas_n retreat_v to_o samicum_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o lepreans_n become_v master_n of_o their_o liberty_n they_o dispatch_v their_o deputy_n to_o philip_n to_o make_v tender_a of_o their_o city_n and_o put_v it_o into_o his_o hand_n after_o the_o king_n have_v give_v they_o audience_n he_o dispatch_v a_o part_n of_o his_o troop_n to_o leprea_n and_o continue_v his_o march_n with_o his_o bucklerman_n and_o light-armed_a troop_n be_v determine_v to_o attack_v phylidas_n who_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o all_o his_o plunder_n and_o baggage_n be_v as_o we_o say_v retreat_v to_o samicum_n whither_o the_o king_n speedy_o come_v and_o encamp_v in_o view_n of_o the_o place_n and_o send_v this_o order_n for_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n to_o join_v he_o from_o leprea_n make_v countenance_n of_o resolve_v to_o besiege_v it_o whereupon_o the_o elean_n and_o aetolian_n who_o be_v unprovided_a for_o defence_n and_o have_v nothing_o but_o the_o bare_a wall_n to_o trust_v to_o begin_v to_o capitulate_v so_o it_o be_v agree_v they_o shall_v march_v out_o with_o their_o arm_n from_o whence_o they_o go_v to_o elea._n thus_o the_o king_n become_v master_n of_o samicum_n and_o now_o upon_o the_o supplication_n of_o the_o town_n round_o about_o he_o receive_v they_o all_o into_o his_o protection_n as_o namely_o phryxa_n styllagium_fw-la epia_n bolax_n pyrga_n and_o epitalia_n and_o so_o march_v back_o to_o leprea_n have_v in_o the_o space_n of_o six_o day_n compass_v the_o reduction_n of_o all_o tryphalia_n to_o his_o obedience_n after_o some_o conference_n with_o the_o lepreans_n suit_v the_o time_n and_o
at_o the_o same_o time_n stone_v to_o death_n by_o the_o woman_n of_o apamea_n upon_o antiochus_n return_n home_o he_o dispose_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n and_o send_v to_o expostulate_v with_o achoeus_n about_o his_o invade_v the_o crown_n and_o presume_v to_o call_v himself_o king_n afterward_o he_o let_v he_o understand_v that_o the_o league_n he_o have_v make_v with_o ptolemy_n be_v come_v to_o his_o knowledge_n and_o charge_v he_o with_o many_o other_o act_v contrary_a to_o justice_n and_o in_o violation_n of_o his_o duty_n it_o seem_v that_o at_o what_o time_n the_o war_n be_v undertake_v against_o artabazanes_n achoeus_n imagine_v the_o king_n may_v miscarry_v in_o that_o expedition_n and_o though_o that_o shall_v not_o happen_v yet_o the_o king_n be_v thereby_o draw_v so_o far_o out_o of_o the_o way_n will_v give_v he_o a_o safe_a opportunity_n to_o fall_v on_o syria_n and_o seize_v on_o that_o kingdom_n for_o himself_o aid_v therein_o by_o the_o cyrrhestoe_fw-mi 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it_o cleanse_v of_o all_o their_o filth_n and_o rubbish_n and_o at_o length_n discharge_v itself_o not_o far_o from_o seleucia_n into_o the_o sea_n we_o mention_v now_o before_o antiochus_n will_v proceed_v with_o hostility_n against_o seleucia_n he_o first_o send_v offer_v of_o reward_n to_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o city_n and_o promise_v of_o further_a future_a advantage_n to_o win_v they_o to_o yield_v it_o up_o without_o strife_n or_o resistance_n but_o find_v he_o labour_v that_o way_n in_o vain_a he_o corrupt_v several_a of_o their_o military_a officer_n who_o have_v post_n distinct_a and_o command_v in_o sundry_a quarter_n of_o the_o city_n and_o in_o confidence_n of_o their_o compliance_n draw_v out_o and_o order_v his_o troop_n as_o for_o a_o attack_z to_o the_o seaward_o the_o marine_a force_n be_v appoint_v towards_o the_o land_n those_o of_o the_o camp_n be_v order_v to_o make_v the_o assault_n so_o make_v three_o division_n of_o his_o army_n and_o animate_v the_o soldier_n according_a to_o custom_n and_o proclaim_v by_o a_o herald_n promise_v of_o extraordinary_a recompense_n as_o crown_n and_o such_o like_a reward_n to_o the_o officer_n and_o soldier_n who_o shall_v best_o behave_v themselves_o he_o give_v to_o xeux_n and_o those_o under_o he_o the_o attack_z of_o the_o gate_n that_o lead_v to_o antioch_n to_o hermogenes_n that_o of_o those_o part_n that_o be_v near_a the_o temple_n of_o castor_n and_o pollux_n and_o to_o ardys_n and_o diognetus_n the_o ars'nal_a and_o suburb_n for_o it_o be_v agree_v with_o the_o conspirator_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o suburb_n shall_v be_v win_v the_o town_n shall_v be_v surrender_v and_o now_o the_o signal_n be_v give_v the_o attack_z begin_v in_o all_o place_n at_o once_o and_o be_v press_v with_o great_a forwardness_n and_o bravery_n but_o ardys_n and_o diognetus_n signalise_v themselves_o above_o the_o rest_n both_o in_o resolution_n and_o address_n though_o indeed_o
true_a that_o upon_o the_o success_n at_o agrigentum_n many_o town_n and_o city_n in_o the_o inland_a country_n of_o sicily_n terrify_v with_o the_o roman_a power_n by_o land_n submit_v to_o their_o discretion_n but_o many_o of_o those_o that_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o coast_n abandon_v the_o roman_n through_o a_o apprehension_n of_o the_o carshaginian_a strength_n by_o sea_n these_o thing_n be_v well_o weigh_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o success_n of_o the_o war_n stand_v yet_o doubtful_a it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o coast_n of_o italy_n lie_v expose_v to_o the_o depredation_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a fleet_n who_o often_o make_v descent_n upon_o they_o that_o asrich_n be_v in_o perfect_a tranquillity_n and_o without_o any_o feel_n of_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o war_n on_o these_o motive_n the_o roman_n determine_v to_o make_v provision_n of_o a_o naval_a army_n to_o match_v the_o carthaginian_n on_o that_o side_n likewise_o and_o this_o indeed_o be_v my_o motive_n to_o enlarge_v and_o be_v the_o more_o particular_a in_o set_v down_o the_o adventure_n of_o this_o war_n and_o to_o treat_v distinct_o about_o the_o motive_n and_o the_o mean_n the_o time_n when_o and_o possess_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o whole_a series_n of_o cause_n that_o incite_v and_o enable_v the_o roman_n first_o to_o adventure_v on_o their_o maritime_a expedition_n after_o they_o have_v well_o consider_v that_o the_o war_n be_v likely_a to_o last_v they_o think_v it_o concern_v they_o to_o be_v master_n of_o a_o fleet_n and_o according_o proceed_v on_o their_o preparation_n build_v at_o their_o first_o essay_n no_o less_o than_o a_o hundred_o quinquereme_a galley_n and_o twenty_o triremes_n which_o can_v not_o but_o be_v a_o very_a difficult_a undertake_n the_o roman_n be_v total_o ignorant_a in_o the_o construction_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o vessel_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o come_v into_o use_n in_o italy_n whence_o may_v with_o admiration_n be_v gather_v the_o extraordinary_a 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they_o in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o oar_n wherein_o they_o proceed_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o cause_v bank_n to_o be_v contrive_v on_o the_o shore-side_n in_o the_o same_o fashion_n and_o order_n as_o they_o be_v to_o be_v in_o their_o galley_n and_o place_v their_o seaman_n with_o their_o oar_n in_o like_a manner_n upon_o the_o bank_n they_o there_o exercise_v they_o a_o officer_n for_o that_o purpose_n be_v place_v in_o the_o midst_n who_o by_o sign_n with_o his_o hand_n instruct_v they_o how_o at_o once_o and_o altogether_o they_o be_v to_o dip_v their_o oar_n and_o how_o in_o like_a sort_n to_o recover_v they_o out_o of_o the_o water_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o become_v acquaint_v with_o the_o management_n of_o the_o oar_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o their_o vessel_n be_v build_v they_o equip_v they_o and_o put_v to_o sea_n where_o after_o they_o have_v spend_v some_o time_n in_o practise_v upon_o the_o water_n what_o they_o have_v be_v learning_n by_o land_n they_o be_v order_v by_o the_o consul_n to_o adventure_v along_o the_o coast_n for_o at_o that_o time_n caius_n cornelius_n who_o be_v general_n at_o sea_n be_v absent_a on_o a_o expedition_n to_o messina_n with_o seventeen_o vessel_n under_o his_o command_n to_o give_v direction_n there_o for_o the_o reception_n and_o security_n of_o the_o fleet_n leave_v order_n with_o the_o pilot_n to_o make_v the_o best_a of_o their_o way_n to_o the_o strait_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o can_v get_v ready_a during_o caius_n abode_n at_o messina_n a_o occasion_n seem_v to_o present_v for_o the_o surprise_v of_o lipary_n but_o he_o conceive_v early_o hope_n of_o succeed_a in_o the_o design_n than_o in_o prudence_n he_o ought_v go_v with_o his_o squadron_n thither_o and_o draw_v up_o under_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n of_o this_o design_n hannibal_n who_o command_v at_o sea_n for_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o be_v as_o that_o time_n at_o palermo_n receive_v intelligence_n and_o immediate_o dispatch_v away_o twenty_o 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of_o the_o enemy_n and_o stand_v towards_o italy_n the_o roman_n it_o seem_v happen_v to_o be_v near_o than_o he_o be_v aware_a of_o surprise_v he_o with_o their_o whole_a fleet_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n in_o this_o rancounter_n he_o lose_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o squadron_n and_o escape_v narrow_o himself_o when_o every-body_n despair_v of_o his_o safety_n the_o roman_n after_o this_o make_v the_o best_a of_o their_o way_n for_o sicily_n and_o receive_v advice_n of_o the_o defeat_n of_o caias_n send_v a_o express_a forthwith_o for_o duilius_n who_o then_o have_v the_o command_n of_o their_o land-force_n in_o the_o island_n but_o while_o they_o attend_v his_o come_n receive_v advice_n that_o the_o enemy_n fleer_v be_v at_o hand_n they_o prepare_v to_o engage_v they_o but_o forasmuch_o as_o their_o vessel_n be_v not_o build_v with_o extraordinary_a art_n and_o consequent_o be_v find_v somewhat_o unwieldy_a in_o work_v it_o come_v into_o their_o head_n to_o recompense_v this_o defect_n by_o contrive_v some_o new_a invention_n that_o may_v be_v of_o use_n to_o they_o in_o fight_n and_o then_o be_v devise_v that_o machine_n which_o be_v afterward_o call_v corvus_n which_o engine_n be_v frame_v after_o the_o follow_a manner_n they_o erect_v on_o the_o prow_n of_o their_o vessel_n around_o piece_n of_o timber_n of_o about_o a_o foot_n and_o half_a diameter_n and_o about_o twelve_o foot_n long_o on_o the_o top_n whereof_o they_o have_v a_o block_n or_o pully_n round_o this_o piece_n of_o timber_n they_o frame_v a_o stage_n or_o platform_n of_o board_n four_o foot_n broad_a and_o about_o eighteen_o foot_n long_o which_o be_v well_o frame_v and_o fasten_v with_o iron_n the_o entrance_n be_v longways_o and_o it_o move_v about_o the_o aforesaid_a upright_a piece_n of_o timber_n as_o on_o a_o spindle_n and_o can_v be_v hoist_v up_o within_o six_o foot_n
engage_v in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o feign_v to_o fly_v thus_o their_o army_n become_v disjoin_v the_o three_o fleet_n remain_v with_o the_o baggage_n in_o a_o tow_n and_o the_o triarians_n keep_v their_o post_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o now_o when_o the_o carthaginian_n judge_v the_o first_o and_o second_o fleet_n to_o be_v sufficient_o distance_v from_o the_o rest_n the_o signal_n be_v give_v from_o hamilcar_n galley_n whereupon_o that_o part_n of_o their_o fleet_n which_o be_v chase_v by_o the_o roman_n immediate_o tack_v and_o make_v head_n against_o the_o pursuer_n who_o have_v follow_v they_o so_o eager_o and_o now_o the_o battle_n increase_v and_o grow_v warm_a everywhere_o and_o albeit_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v the_o advantage_n in_o the_o lightness_n and_o ready_a work_n of_o their_o vessel_n whether_o it_o be_v to_o advance_v or_o retreat_n as_o occasion_v require_v which_o they_o perform_v with_o great_a promptitude_n and_o facility_n 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upon_o the_o enemy_n charge_v that_o part_n of_o their_o fleet_n that_o have_v the_o guard_n of_o the_o baggage_n and_o horse-ship_n whereupon_o the_o roman_n cast_v off_o the_o ship_n which_o they_o have_v in_o a_o tow_n receive_v the_o carthaginian_n and_o fight_v they_o with_o great_a bravery_n and_o now_o may_v be_v see_v three_o naval_a battle_n fight_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n in_o three_o several_a place_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o party_n engage_v be_v of_o equal_a strength_n it_o happen_v as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o do_v in_o the_o like_a adventure_n where_o two_o contend_a power_n happen_v to_o be_v of_o equal_a force_n that_o fortune_n give_v the_o victory_n to_o that_o side_n for_o who_o she_o first_o begin_v to_o declare_v so_o hamilcar_n not_o be_v able_a to_o sustain_v the_o first_o shock_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v beat_v and_o flee_v with_o his_o squadron_n out_o of_o the_o battle_n lucius_n tow_v away_o such_o of_o their_o ship_n as_o he_o have_v take_v in_o the_o mean_a while_n marcus_n perceive_v the_o great_a danger_n the_o triarians_n be_v in_o and_o the_o vessel_n that_o carry_v their_o equipage_n advance_v up_o to_o their_o relief_n take_v with_o he_o the_o second_o fleet_n which_o remain_v yet_o entire_a whereupon_o the_o triarians_n now_o well-nigh_o vanquish_v observe_v with_o what_o bravery_n he_o attack_v hanno_n take_v heart_n and_o renew_v the_o battle_n insomuch_o that_o he_o see_v himself_o now_o assault_v from_o all_o quarter_n both_o in_o front_n and_o rear_n and_o that_o m._n atilius_n contrary_a to_o all_o expectation_n be_v likewise_o come_v up_o and_o join_v the_o fleet_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o be_v quite_o surround_v yield_v the_o day_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o fly_v get_v off_o to_o sea_n at_o the_o same_o time_n manlius_n who_o be_v now_o return_v from_o the_o chase_n observe_v that_o the_o three_o fleet_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v be_v force_v under_o the_o shoar_n by_o the_o 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success_n of_o these_o three_o battle_n in_o all_o which_o the_o roman_n be_v victor_n they_o lose_v but_o twenty_o four_o of_o their_o own_o vessel_n and_o those_o perish_v against_o the_o shoar_n but_o of_o the_o carthaginian_n above_o thirty_o be_v destroy_v of_o the_o roman_n not_o a_o ship_n be_v take_v but_o of_o the_o carthaginian_n threescore_o and_o three_o sometime_o after_o this_o success_n the_o roman_n make_v great_a preparation_n than_o ever_o and_o have_v repair_v and_o enquip_v the_o ship_n they_o have_v take_v from_o the_o enemy_n and_o well_o refresh_v their_o army_n set_v sail_n for_o africa_n when_o the_o van_n of_o their_o fleet_n have_v gain_v cape_n mercury_n which_o be_v a_o point_n of_o land_n run_v out_o from_o the_o gulf_n of_o carthage_n a_o good_a way_n into_o the_o sea_n towards_o sicily_n they_o there_o make_v a_o halt_n and_o attend_v the_o come_v up_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o fleet_n and_o when_o they_o be_v join_v they_o stand_v along_o the_o 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their_o army_n with_o new_a levy_n which_o they_o perform_v with_o all_o possible_a application_n make_v due_a provision_n for_o the_o strengthen_v their_o city_n and_o the_o security_n of_o the_o country_n the_o roman_n in_o the_o interim_n become_v master_n of_o aspis_n where_o have_v leave_v a_o good_a garrison_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o town_n and_o country_n about_o it_o and_o dispatch_v messenger_n to_o rome_n to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o their_o success_n and_o to_o learn_v the_o senate_n pleasure_n how_o to_o proceed_v they_o march_v far_o up_o with_o their_o whole_a army_n to_o forage_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n in_o this_o expedition_n they_o plunder_v and_o destroy_v a_o great_a many_o noble_a building_n take_v much_o booty_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o cattle_n and_o at_o least_o twenty_o thousand_o prisoner_n all_o which_o they_o perform_v without_o any_o opposition_n and_o bring_v all_o down_o to_o their_o ship_n and_o now_o they_o receive_v the_o senate_n answer_n by_o their_o messenger_n who_o pleasure_n be_v that_o only_o one_o of_o the_o consul_n shall_v remain_v in_o africa_n with_o a_o competent_a strength_n to_o prosecute_v the_o war_n and_o the_o other_o shall_v return_v back_o to_o rome_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n so_o m._n atilius_n remain_v with_o forty_o ship_n fifteen_o thousand_o foot_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n and_o l._n manlius_n return_v to_o rome_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n carrying_z with_o he_o many_o prisoner_n who_o sail_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o sicily_n arrive_v in_o safety_n the_o carthaginian_n foresee_v this_o war_n be_v like_a to_o last_v consider_v on_o the_o choice_n of_o their_o general_n and_o first_o choose_v two_o hanno_n the_o son_n of_o asdrubal_n and_o bostar_n then_o they_o send_v their_o order_n to_o hamilcar_n who_o be_v now_o at_o heraclea_n to_o return_v home_o with_o
all_o expedition_n according_o he_o take_v with_o he_o five_o thousand_o foot_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n come_v forthwith_o to_o carthage_n where_o be_v choose_v their_o three_o general_n he_o and_o asdrubal_n fall_v to_o consult_v about_o the_o present_a posture_n of_o their_o affair_n and_o conclude_v that_o above_o all_o thing_n they_o ought_v to_o succour_n the_o province_n and_o not_o endure_v that_o the_o roman_n shall_v make_v their_o incursion_n and_o such_o spoil_n upon_o the_o country_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n m._n atilius_n regulus_n proceed_v and_o in_o a_o short_a space_n make_v a_o mighty_a progress_n all_o such_o town_n as_o he_o attack_v that_o have_v no_o wall_n he_o carry_v at_o the_o first_o assault_n and_o such_o as_o be_v fortify_v he_o besiege_a and_o come_v to_o adda_n which_o be_v a_o place_n of_o importance_n he_o encamp_v not_o far_o from_o the_o wall_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o it_o but_o the_o carthaginian_n know_v the_o usefulness_n of_o that_o place_n and_o be_v resolve_v to_o defend_v the_o country_n march_v out_o forthwith_o against_o he_o where_o arrive_v with_o their_o army_n they_o post_v themselves_o on_o a_o eminence_n which_o albeit_o it_o give_v they_o a_o advantage_n against_o the_o roman_n be_v nevertheless_o very_o incommodious_a to_o themselves_o in_o all_o respect_n for_o as_o their_o great_a strength_n and_o hope_n be_v in_o their_o horse_n and_o elephant_n so_o abandon_v the_o plain_a and_o proper_a country_n and_z marching_z and_o enclose_v themselves_o in_o rough_a and_o inaccessible_a place_n they_o point_v out_o as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o enemy_n the_o method_n of_o their_o own_o destruction_n and_o so_o in_o effect_n it_o prove_v for_o the_o roman_a commander_n who_o be_v man_n of_o experience_n see_v well_o enough_o that_o the_o main_a strength_n and_o most_o formidable_a part_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n be_v render_v useless_a by_o their_o thus_o keep_v the_o mountain_n they_o therefore_o wise_o manage_v this_o error_n of_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o not_o delay_v till_o they_o shall_v be_v better_o advise_v improve_v the_o occasion_n and_o according_o march_v at_o break_v of_o day_n and_o surround_v the_o hill_n where_o they_o be_v thus_o encamp_v when_o now_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o more_o useless_a to_o they_o than_o their_o horse_n and_o elephant_n in_o this_o occasion_n the_o mercenary_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n behave_v themselves_o gallant_o and_o engage_v with_o the_o first_o legion_n force_v they_o to_o retreat_n howbeit_o be_v attack_v in_o the_o rear_n by_o another_o party_n march_v about_o the_o hill_n they_o be_v at_o length_n force_v to_o give_v ground_n and_o retire_v and_o now_o be_v hard_o press_v they_o forsake_v their_o camp_n with_o their_o horse_n and_o elephant_n and_o gain_v the_o plain_a country_n save_v themselves_o the_o roman_n pursue_v their_o foot_n for_o some_o space_n so_o they_o take_v their_o camp_n and_o proceed_v as_o before_o to_o make_v inroad_n take_v of_o town_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n round_o about_o without_o any_o impediment_n then_o they_o march_v to_o tune_n and_o become_a master_n of_o that_o place_n they_o lodge_v within_o the_o wall_n which_o they_o choose_v to_o do_v in_o regard_n the_o situation_n be_v proper_a for_o the_o purpose_n they_o have_v in_o hand_n and_o be_v of_o all_o place_n the_o most_o useful_a to_o incommode_v and_o distress_n carthage_n itself_o and_o the_o country_n round_o about_o it_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o have_v so_o unfortunate_o manage_v their_o affair_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n not_o so_o much_o through_o the_o cowardice_n oâ—_n their_o army_n as_o the_o insufficiency_n of_o their_o chief_n begin_v now_o to_o despair_v for_o over_o and_o above_o the_o calamity_n we_o have_v relate_v the_o numidian_n take_v the_o advantage_n of_o these_o their_o trouble_n have_v make_v inroad_n upon_o they_o and_o do_v they_o as_o much_o hurt_n as_o the_o roman_a and_o in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o country_n under_o their_o dominion_n a_o great_a deal_n more_o insomuch_o that_o the_o people_n be_v compel_v to_o retire_v and_o save_v themselves_o in_o the_o city_n whither_o they_o bring_v both_o fear_n and_o famine_n a_o mighty_a multitude_n of_o all_o sort_n flock_v at_o once_o thâ—ther_o and_o now_o regulus_n have_v weigh_v that_o they_o have_v be_v too_o hard_o for_o the_o carthaginians_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o that_o carthage_n itself_o be_v not_o likely_a to_o be_v able_a long_o to_o hold_v out_o admonish_v they_o to_o treat_v about_o a_o accommodation_n fear_v lest_o his_o successor_n that_o be_v expect_v from_o rome_n shall_v if_o he_o make_v not_o a_o peace_n deprive_v he_o of_o the_o glory_n of_o put_v a_o end_n to_o that_o war._n the_o carthaginian_n on_o their_o part_n glad_o listen_v to_o the_o proposal_n and_o according_o dispatch_v to_o regulus_n some_o of_o their_o principal_a citizen_n who_o after_o some_o time_n of_o conference_n be_v so_o far_o from_o yield_v to_o the_o proposition_n that_o they_o have_v not_o patience_n so_o much_o as_o to_o hear_v they_o repeat_v they_o be_v so_o infamous_a for_o regulus_n as_o if_o he_o have_v make_v a_o complete_a conquest_n will_v have_v have_v they_o esteem_v it_o as_o a_o singular_a grace_n and_o benefit_n to_o accord_v they_o a_o peace_n upon_o whatsoever_o condition_n he_o shall_v think_v fit_a to_o propound_v but_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v of_o a_o different_a mind_n and_o reckon_v that_o nothing_o can_v befall_v they_o more_o shameful_a and_o calamitous_a than_o what_o be_v demand_v and_o that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v worse_o with_o they_o to_o be_v entire_o conquer_v and_o bring_v under_o the_o roman_a yoke_n so_o they_o return_v not_o only_o full_a of_o shame_n to_o be_v so_o treat_v but_o of_o indignation_n at_o the_o intolerable_a insolence_n of_o regulus_n the_o senate_n likewise_o after_o they_o have_v hear_v the_o term_n of_o peace_n repeat_v which_o the_o roman_n propose_v withstand_v it_o with_o so_o much_o courage_n and_o greatness_n of_o mind_n that_o albeit_o they_o be_v at_o the_o brink_n of_o despair_n the_o determine_v rather_o to_o abide_v any_o adversity_n their_o worst_a fortune_n can_v bring_v on_o they_o than_o stain_v the_o nobility_n of_o their_o name_n and_o action_n by_o so_o shameful_a a_o treaty_n about_o this_o time_n there_o be_v return_v out_o of_o greece_n a_o carthaginian_a who_o have_v be_v send_v thither_o to_o raise_v soldier_n in_o those_o part_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o state_n who_o bring_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o recruit_n with_o he_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n a_o certain_a lacedaemonian_a call_v xantippus_n who_o have_v be_v educate_v according_a to_o the_o spartan_a discipline_n and_o be_v a_o person_n well_o see_v in_o military_a affair_n he_o inform_v himself_o of_o the_o late_a defeat_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o after_o have_v be_v thorough_o instruct_v in_o their_o strength_n and_o the_o provision_n they_o have_v make_v for_o the_o war_n their_o number_n of_o horse_n and_o of_o their_o elephant_n he_o conclude_v upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n and_o so_o publish_v among_o his_o friend_n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o enemy_n that_o have_v vanquish_v the_o carthaginian_n but_o the_o ignorance_n of_o their_o leader_n this_o discourse_n of_o xantippus_n be_v quick_o spread_v among_o the_o people_n and_o come_v at_o length_n to_o the_o knowledge_n oâ—_n of_o the_o magistrate_n who_o forthwith_o command_v he_o shall_v be_v bring_v before_o they_o when_o he_o reason_v the_o whole_a matter_n to_o they_o and_o do_v endeavour_v to_o demonstrate_v that_o if_o by_o take_v his_o advice_n they_o will_v alter_v their_o manner_n of_o fight_v and_o descend_v from_o thâ—_n hill_n incamp_v and_o deal_v with_o the_o enemy_n iâ—_n the_o champain_n country_n he_o assure_v they_o no_o only_a of_o safety_n but_o of_o victory_n the_o soldier_n who_o be_v edify_v by_o these_o reason_n 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thereof_o here_o for_o it_o will_v be_v thereby_o make_v manifest_a by_o what_o then_o come_v to_o pass_v what_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o war_n be_v which_o the_o greek_n have_v call_v inexpiable_a furthermore_o we_o may_v be_v instruct_v by_o that_o which_o happen_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n what_o foresight_n be_v to_o be_v practise_v and_o caution_n ought_v to_o be_v use_v by_o those_o who_o will_v compose_v their_o army_n of_o mercenary_a and_o foreign_a troop_n we_o shall_v likewise_o be_v teach_v the_o difference_n in_o manner_n between_o a_o barbarous_a people_n and_o those_o who_o have_v be_v breed_v and_o educate_v under_o the_o law_n of_o good_a discipline_n in_o a_o word_n it_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o sequel_n of_o those_o transaction_n what_o give_v rise_v to_o that_o war_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n that_o be_v prosecute_v by_o hannibal_n and_o in_o regard_n not_o only_o historian_n but_o the_o manager_n themselves_o of_o the_o war_n be_v to_o this_o day_n in_o dispute_n about_o the_o cause_n thereof_o it_o will_v not_o be_v a_o unprofitable_a work_n to_o set_v the_o world_n right_o therein_o as_o soon_o as_o hamilcar_n have_v finish_v the_o treaty_n and_o lead_v the_o troop_n that_o be_v in_o erix_n to_o lilybaeum_n he_o resign_v his_o commission_n and_o gesco_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o that_o place_n have_v the_o charge_n of_o transport_v the_o army_n into_o africa_n who_o foresee_v what_o may_v happen_v do_v not_o embark_v they_o all_o at_o once_o but_o prudent_o dispatch_v they_o by_o division_n and_o party_n allot_v so_o much_o time_n between_o their_o embarking_a as_o may_v suffice_v for_o his_o purpose_n which_o be_v that_o those_o who_o be_v first_o send_v may_v be_v pay_v and_o discharge_v and_o send_v to_o their_o country_n before_o the_o other_o shall_v arrive_v but_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v another_o project_n for_o their_o treasure_n be_v great_o exhaust_v by_o the_o war_n they_o determine_v to_o defer_v their_o payment_n till_o they_o have_v they_o all_o together_o and_o then_o to_o propose_v to_o satisfy_v they_o with_o part_n only_o of_o what_o be_v due_a to_o they_o so_o they_o remain_v in_o the_o port_n and_o be_v receive_v and_o detain_v in_o carthage_n as_o they_o arrive_v but_o the_o city_n at_o length_n grow_v weary_a of_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o those_o stranger_n who_o daily_o molest_v they_o by_o insupportable_a injury_n and_o insolence_n they_o wrought_v with_o their_o officer_n to_o accept_v of_o quarter_n elsewhere_o at_o a_o town_n call_v sicca_n whither_o they_o march_v they_o receive_v a_o certain_a sum_n for_o their_o present_a subsistance_n till_o their_o pretension_n shall_v be_v adjust_v and_o the_o whole_a army_n transport_v but_o upon_o their_o resolve_v to_o leave_v their_o family_n and_o their_o equipage_n as_o they_o have_v do_v heretofore_o behind_o they_o in_o the_o city_n in_o expectation_n speedy_o to_o return_v to_o receive_v their_o pay_n the_o 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be_v unreasonable_a yet_o they_o determine_v among_o themselves_o to_o abate_v nothing_o of_o their_o demand_n furthermore_o call_v to_o mind_n the_o many_o promise_v their_o officer_n have_v make_v they_o of_o largess_n and_o reward_n for_o the_o well-performance_n of_o their_o duty_n in_o the_o many_o perilous_a conflict_n wherein_o they_o have_v be_v engage_v they_o raise_v their_o expectation_n yet_o high_a and_o with_o a_o covetous_a impatience_n attend_v the_o issue_n of_o their_o pretension_n when_o the_o army_n as_o we_o say_v be_v arrive_v and_o all_o receive_v into_o sicca_n hanno_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v chief_a magistrate_n in_o carthage_n be_v dispatch_v to_o they_o who_o not_o only_o do_v not_o answer_v their_o demand_n but_o come_v even_o short_a in_o his_o proposition_n of_o what_o they_o have_v already_o promise_v remonstrate_v to_o they_o the_o poverty_n of_o the_o state_n and_o the_o heavy_a tribute_n the_o country_n be_v already_o under_o and_o therefore_o labour_v to_o persuade_v they_o to_o be_v satisfy_v with_o and_o take_v for_o good_a payment_n a_o part_n only_o of_o what_o appear_v due_a to_o they_o which_o proposition_n be_v not_o only_o reject_v but_o answer_v with_o a_o present_a insurrection_n of_o the_o soldier_n sometime_o the_o several_a nation_n mutine_a apart_o sometime_o join_v in_o a_o general_a sedition_n all_o run_v to_o their_o arm_n and_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v of_o different_a country_n and_o language_n not_o understand_v by_o one_o another_o the_o disorder_n be_v thereby_o great_o increase_v and_o nothing_o but_o trouble_v and_o tumult_n be_v see_v in_o the_o camp_n in_o short_a the_o carthaginian_n who_o militia_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n compose_v of_o mercenary_a troop_n have_v their_o policy_n of_o form_v they_o out_o of_o divers_a nation_n believe_v it_o hard_o to_o conceive_v a_o general_a conspiracy_n or_o sedition_n in_o a_o army_n where_o the_o
in_o regard_n they_o be_v not_o likely_a to_o receive_v of_o gesco_n any_o other_o satisfaction_n than_o their_o arrear_n of_o pay_n what_o be_v due_a for_o their_o horse_n and_o bread_n be_v respite_v to_o another_o time_n they_o therefore_o take_v thence_o occasion_n of_o fresh_a disorder_n and_o assemble_v in_o the_o public_a meeting-place_n in_o a_o mutinous_a manner_n to_o spendius_n and_o matho_n they_o lend_v a_o willing_a ear_n who_o rail_v both_o against_o gesco_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o if_o any_o one_o presume_v to_o offer_v they_o temperate_a counsel_n he_o be_v forthwith_o stone_v to_o death_n even_o before_o it_o can_v be_v understand_v what_o the_o purport_n of_o his_o discourse_n be_v whether_o for_o or_o against_o spendius_n and_o now_o great_a slaughter_n be_v make_v both_o of_o people_n of_o public_a and_o private_a condition_n and_o nothing_o be_v hear_v during_o the_o tumult_n but_o kill_v kill_v and_o what_o great_o augment_v the_o rage_n of_o those_o people_n be_v the_o excess_n of_o wine_n they_o have_v drink_v have_v new_o rise_v from_o their_o repast_n so_o that_o the_o word_n kill_v resound_v sudden_o throughout_o the_o camp_n there_o be_v no_o escape_n for_o any_o one_o against_o who_o they_o conceive_v any_o distrust_n or_o distaste_n in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v now_o none_o who_o presume_v to_o open_v his_o mouth_n to_o divert_v their_o determination_n they_o choose_v spendius_n and_o matho_n for_o their_o leader_n and_o commander_n in_o chief_a gesco_n be_v not_o without_o a_o due_a sense_n of_o the_o danger_n he_o be_v in_o among_o these_o people_n but_o he_o let_v that_o consideration_n give_v place_n to_o the_o duty_n he_o owe_v his_o country_n he_o foresee_v that_o if_o this_o mutiny_n once_o come_v to_o a_o head_n the_o commonwealth_n will_v be_v drive_v to_o great_a strait_n to_o prevent_v which_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v expose_v to_o any_o hazard_n he_o therefore_o with_o great_a constancy_n of_o mind_n pursue_v his_o purpose_n of_o reduce_v they_o to_o their_o duty_n by_o all_o mean_v possible_a sometime_o he_o treat_v with_o their_o officer_n sometime_o with_o the_o sundry_a nation_n apart_o but_o now_o be_v in_o present_a want_n of_o bread_n in_o the_o camp_n they_o impatient_o demand_v it_o of_o gesco_n he_o as_o it_o chance_v in_o a_o sort_n of_o contempt_n to_o reprove_v their_o insolence_n bid_v they_o go_v to_o matho_n their_o captain_n this_o put_v all_o in_o a_o flame_n so_o that_o without_o any_o further_a delay_n or_o respect_n they_o seize_v on_o the_o money_n that_o be_v bring_v and_o lay_v ready_a tell_v in_o order_n to_o their_o payment_n and_o arrest_v gesco_n and_o all_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o accompany_v he_o and_o now_o matho_n and_o spendius_n conceive_v the_o only_a way_n to_o put_v matter_n past_o accommodation_n and_o to_o come_v to_o open_a hostility_n be_v to_o engage_v the_o soldier_n in_o some_o such_o violent_a action_n as_o shall_v be_v a_o manifest_a breach_n of_o their_o duty_n and_o a_o violation_n of_o the_o treaty_n they_o be_v upon_o wherefore_o they_o foment_v with_o all_o their_o art_n and_o industry_n this_o audacious_a proceed_v of_o the_o multitude_n who_o now_o have_v not_o only_o seize_v on_o the_o carthaginian_n money_n and_o their_o baggage_n but_o lay_v violent_a hand_n on_o gesco_n and_o his_o follower_n commit_v they_o to_o prison_n load_v they_o with_o iron_n and_o then_o most_o impious_o conspire_v and_o against_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n declare_a war_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n this_o than_o be_v the_o beginning_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n with_o the_o mercenary_n which_o be_v call_v the_o african_a war._n after_o this_o matho_n dispatch_v deputy_n to_o the_o city_n round_o about_o exhort_v they_o to_o think_v on_o their_o liberty_n to_o send_v he_o succour_n and_o to_o enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o he_o and_o now_o the_o several_a head_n of_o the_o faction_n find_v the_o african_n dispose_v to_o revolt_n and_o to_o shake_v off_o the_o carthaginian_n yoke_n and_o that_o supply_v both_o of_o man_n and_o provision_n be_v dispatch_v to_o they_o from_o alâ—_n part_n they_o divide_v their_o army_n into_o two_o one_o they_o send_v against_o utica_n and_o the_o other_o towards_o hippona_n which_o two_o place_n have_v refuse_v to_o join_v with_o they_o in_o their_o defection_n from_o the_o carthaginian_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v ever_o be_v to_o sustain_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o fruit_n and_o growth_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o treasure_n and_o income_n wherewith_o they_o defray_v their_o war_n and_o make_v their_o military_a preparation_n arise_v out_o of_o their_o revenue_n in_o africa_n but_o their_o army_n in_o all_o their_o expedition_n be_v ever_o compose_v of_o stranger_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o will_v appear_v and_o by_o what_o we_o have_v relate_v that_o all_o thing_n conspire_v at_o once_o to_o 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into_o feud_n about_o the_o partition_n of_o their_o plunder_n which_o go_v so_o far_o that_o it_o cost_v they_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o great_a part_n both_o of_o their_o booty_n and_o their_o army_n and_o this_o be_v a_o frequent_a folly_n of_o that_o people_n upon_o any_o success_n especial_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o have_v dispute_n when_o they_o have_v drink_v wine_n four_o year_n after_o this_o the_o gaul_n and_o samnite_n join_v their_o arm_n and_o make_v war_n on_o the_o roman_n give_v they_o battle_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o clusian_o who_o be_v likewise_o call_v camartine_n where_o they_o make_v great_a slaughter_n of_o they_o but_o soon_o after_o this_o the_o roman_n enrage_v as_o it_o be_v by_o their_o misfortune_n march_v against_o they_o with_o a_o fresh_a army_n and_o fight_v with_o the_o same_o enemy_n have_v all_o their_o legion_n in_o the_o field_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o
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the_o indulgence_n of_o fortune_n it_o behoove_v we_o then_o to_o search_v out_o and_o determine_v the_o cause_n for_o without_o that_o nothing_o can_v be_v effect_v that_o come_v to_o pass_v whether_o do_v by_o the_o guidance_n of_o right_a reason_n or_o seem_o do_v without_o any_o reason_n all_o my_o judgement_n of_o the_o cause_n than_o be_v this_o that_o first_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o find_v a_o republic_n where_o liberty_n and_o equality_n and_o in_o a_o word_n where_o popular_a government_n be_v better_a preserve_v or_o where_o more_o wholesome_a law_n be_v to_o be_v find_v than_o among_o the_o achaian_n this_o invite_v many_o of_o the_o peloponnesian_a city_n to_o embrace_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n their_o form_n of_o government_n many_o likewise_o be_v win_v to_o receive_v it_o by_o the_o force_n of_o reason_n and_o persuasion_n and_o some_o be_v constrain_v by_o necessity_n and_o yield_v with_o a_o sort_n of_o choice_n to_o what_o they_o foresee_v they_o shall_v 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suffice_v at_o this_o time_n to_o exemplify_v only_o one_o or_o two_o upon_o the_o burn_a and_o destroy_v the_o assembly_n of_o the_o pythagorean_o by_o a_o secret_a conspiracy_n in_o that_o part_n of_o italy_n call_v magnagraecia_n there_o ensue_v great_a commotious_a among_o the_o principal_a magistrate_n by_o that_o extraordinary_a adventure_n all_o the_o greek_a town_n on_o that_o coast_n of_o italy_n be_v fill_v with_o sedition_n tumult_n and_o murder_n so_o that_o to_o recover_v and_o establish_v union_n and_o tranquillity_n among_o they_o ambassador_n be_v dispatch_v to_o they_o from_o all_o part_n of_o greece_n howbeit_o the_o council_n only_o of_o the_o achaian_n be_v choose_v to_o cure_v those_o great_a evil_n and_o compose_v the_o dissension_n that_o be_v grow_v among_o they_o nor_o be_v it_o in_o this_o only_a that_o the_o people_n express_v their_o esteem_n of_o the_o law_n and_o institution_n of_o the_o achaian_n but_o all_o those_o government_n soon_o after_o by_o 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to_o boast_v of_o but_o good_a counsel_n and_o a_o disposition_n to_o improve_v their_o fortune_n not_o have_v it_o in_o their_o power_n to_o bâ—_n great_a or_o secure_a through_o the_o want_n of_o such_o a_o head_n or_o leader_n who_o virtue_n and_o ability_n may_v answer_v the_o glory_n of_o their_o design_n for_o they_o no_o soon_o make_v choice_n of_o one_o in_o who_o any_o extraordinary_a mark_n of_o courage_n or_o greatness_n of_o mind_n be_v discover_v when_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o above_o the_o rest_n the_o macedonian_n will_v present_o form_v obstacle_n and_o raise_v impediment_n to_o the_o course_n of_o their_o virtue_n but_o afterward_o when_o they_o come_v to_o enjoy_v the_o liberty_n of_o choose_v such_o man_n as_o know_v how_o to_o acquit_v themselves_o it_o be_v then_o perceive_v how_o capable_a they_o be_v of_o bring_v the_o great_a thing_n to_o pass_v for_o what_o be_v more_o glorious_a than_o the_o union_n and_o confederacy_n of_o the_o peloponnesian_n aratus_n 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work_v i_o have_v undertake_v will_v be_v less_o difficult_a for_o i_o and_o more_o advantageous_a for_o the_o reader_n to_o take_v my_o beginning_n from_o the_o time_n when_o the_o achaian_n who_o have_v be_v divide_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n of_o macedon_n begin_v to_o unite_n and_o incorporate_v inasmuch_o as_o from_o thence_o may_v be_v date_v the_o birth_n of_o that_o power_n and_o greatness_n which_o by_o a_o constant_a growth_n and_o augmentation_n have_v at_o length_n arrive_v at_o that_o height_n of_o prosperity_n wherein_o we_o now_o behold_v they_o and_o whereof_o we_o have_v already_o take_v notice_n it_o be_v in_o the_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o four_o olympiad_n when_o the_o patraean_n and_o dimoean_n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o union_n in_o the_o same_o olympiad_n wherein_o ptolemy_n the_o son_n of_o lagus_n lysimachus_n seleucus_n and_o ptolemy_n surname_v ceraunus_n die_v and_o if_o we_o will_v extend_v our_o prospect_n yet_o further_o back_o behold_v the_o state_n of_o the_o
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and_o so_o incorporate_v the_o city_n into_o the_o union_n of_o the_o achaian_n but_o it_o may_v be_v demand_v why_o we_o take_v so_o remote_a a_o view_n into_o antiquity_n to_o which_o we_o answer_v because_o in_o the_o first_o place_n we_o will_v show_v after_o what_o manner_n and_o at_o what_o time_n this_o commonwealth_n be_v found_v and_o who_o be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o ancient_a achaian_n that_o lay_v the_o foundation_n and_o to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v appear_v that_o we_o say_v nothing_o without_o proof_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o that_o people_n and_o that_o what_o we_o have_v record_v be_v too_o evident_a to_o be_v confute_v it_o be_v manifest_a they_o have_v all_o along_o observe_v the_o same_o method_n of_o government_n so_o that_o consent_v to_o equality_n and_o liberty_n which_o be_v in_o the_o utmost_a perfection_n among_o that_o people_n and_o oppose_v their_o arm_n against_o those_o who_o by_o themselves_o or_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o such_o prince_n as_o 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oppose_v all_o his_o design_n and_o enterprise_n as_o he_o do_v the_o ambition_n of_o the_o aetolian_n to_o raise_v themselves_o on_o the_o ruin_n of_o their_o neighbour_n state_n and_o as_o in_o all_o the_o transaction_n of_o his_o administration_n he_o give_v singular_a evidence_n of_o a_o steady_a mind_n and_o firm_a resolution_n all_o his_o attempt_n succeed_v according_o notwithstanding_o many_o state_n confederate_v to_o hinder_v the_o union_n and_o to_o destroy_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o achaian_n after_o the_o death_n of_o antigonus_n the_o achaian_n enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o the_o aetolian_n and_o generous_o assist_v they_o in_o their_o war_n against_o demetrius_n so_o that_o the_o ancient_a hatred_n between_o these_o two_o people_n seem_v for_o the_o present_a extinguish'_v and_o the_o desire_n of_o concord_n begin_v by_o degree_n to_o grow_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o aetolian_n demetrius_n reign_v ten_o year_n and_o die_v about_o the_o time_n that_o the_o roman_n make_v their_o first_o expedition_n into_o illyria_n when_o many_o great_a and_o noble_a occasion_n be_v give_v to_o the_o achaian_n of_o finish_v the_o project_n they_o have_v conceive_v for_o the_o tyrant_n who_o reign_v in_o peloponnesus_n have_v lose_v the_o support_n of_o demetrius_n who_o great_o favour_v they_o begin_v now_o to_o despair_n and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v awe_v by_o aratus_n who_o admonish_v they_o to_o quit_v their_o government_n on_o promise_n of_o great_a honour_n and_o reward_n to_o such_o as_o voluntary_a resign_v and_o threaten_a other_o with_o hostility_n who_o refuse_v whereupon_o they_o resolve_v to_o despoil_v themselves_o of_o their_o dignity_n restore_v their_o people_n to_o liberty_n and_o incorporate_v they_o with_o the_o achaian_n as_o to_o lysiadas_n the_o megalapolitan_a he_o wise_o foresee_v what_o be_v likely_a to_o come_v to_o pass_v frank_o renounce_v his_o dominion_n during_o the_o life_n of_o demetrius_n and_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o general_n confederacy_n of_o right_n
have_v be_v observe_v touch_v peloponnesus_n to_o conclude_v whosoever_o shall_v undertake_v to_o say_v that_o the_o pillage_n and_o booty_n of_o megalopolis_n can_v exceed_v at_o that_o time_n the_o sum_n of_o three_o hundred_o talent_n will_v surpass_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o account_n for_o we_o be_v well_o assure_v there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n both_o of_o people_n of_o free-condition_n and_o slave_n who_o escape_v to_o messene_n and_o what_o far_o confirm_v this_o opinion_n that_o there_o be_v no_o people_n in_o all_o arcadia_n the_o mantinoean_n except_v that_o surpass_v the_o megalopolitan_o either_o in_o the_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n strength_n or_o riches_n which_o phylarchus_n himself_o grant_v and_o upon_o the_o take_v the_o town_n after_o the_o siege_n out_o of_o which_o no_o body_n can_v escape_v or_o secure_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o enemy_n there_o be_v not_o raise_v three_o hundred_o talent_n of_o the_o booty_n add_v the_o sale_n of_o the_o prisoner_n to_o the_o account_n and_o who_o will_v not_o yet_o far_o wonder_n at_o what_o phylarchus_n report_v namely_o that_o about_o ten_o day_n before_o the_o battle_n there_o arrive_v a_o ambassador_n from_o ptolemy_n to_o cleomenes_n to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o he_o can_v expect_v no_o far_o supply_n of_o money_n from_o he_o with_o advice_n moreover_o to_o come_v to_o a_o speedy_a accord_n with_o antigonus_n and_o that_o thereupon_o cleomenes_n determine_v to_o come_v the_o more_o speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n before_o his_o army_n shall_v have_v notice_n of_o this_o news_n as_o despair_v to_o be_v able_a to_o pay_v they_o out_o of_o his_o own_o treasure_n now_o it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o about_o that_o very_a time_n cleomenes_n be_v master_n of_o six_o thousand_o talent_n he_o have_v be_v in_o no_o need_n of_o ptolomy_n assistance_n be_v a_o much_o wealthy_a prince_n than_o himself_o and_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v his_o affair_n with_o antigonus_n if_o it_o be_v likewise_o probable_a that_o cleomenes_n have_v make_v but_o the_o sum_n of_o three_o thousand_o talent_n of_o the_o booty_n it_o will_v have_v amount_v to_o more_o than_o enough_o to_o prosecute_v the_o war_n without_o danger_n or_o difficulty_n be_v not_o this_o then_o a_o far_a instance_n of_o the_o weakness_n and_o want_n of_o judgement_n of_o our_o historian_n to_o say_v that_o cleomenes_n depend_v entire_o on_o the_o aid_n and_o liberality_n of_o ptolemy_n and_o to_o report_v he_o at_o the_o same_o time_n master_n of_o so_o plentiful_a a_o treasure_n he_o run_v into_o many_o the_o like_a error_n in_o the_o course_n of_o his_o history_n but_o what_o we_o have_v already_o note_v may_v suffice_v for_o our_o present_a purpose_n megalopolis_n be_v take_v while_o antigonus_n be_v at_o argos_n where_o he_o make_v his_o winter_n abode_n cleomenes_n assemble_v his_o troop_n early_o in_o the_o spring_n and_o after_o he_o have_v encourage_v they_o suitable_o to_o the_o time_n and_o the_o occasion_n he_o take_v the_o field_n and_o fall_v on_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o argian_n with_o a_o resolution_n by_o the_o vulgar_a account_v temerarious_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o strength_n and_o difficult_a situation_n of_o many_o place_n that_o command_v his_o passage_n but_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o those_o who_o can_v best_o discern_v with_o wisdom_n and_o conduct_n enough_o for_o in_o short_a he_o know_v that_o the_o macedonian_n be_v yet_o at_o home_n and_o from_o they_o there_o be_v no_o danger_n to_o be_v apprehend_v in_o his_o enterprise_n furthermore_o he_o wise_o consider_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o shall_v have_v make_v any_o progress_n upon_o the_o argian_n and_o have_v spoil_v and_o ravage_v their_o country_n up_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n that_o people_n will_v not_o be_v able_a with_o any_o patience_n to_o suffer_v it_o but_o will_v soon_o trouble_v antigonus_n with_o their_o complaint_n and_o remonstrance_n and_o in_o case_n that_o prince_n shall_v be_v move_v by_o their_o application_n to_o take_v the_o field_n with_o those_o few_o troop_n he_o have_v with_o he_o and_o attempt_v a_o battle_n that_o it_o be_v then_o odds_o but_o he_o will_v be_v beat_v or_o if_o he_o do_v not_o yield_v to_o their_o importunity_n but_o keep_v within_o the_o wall_n that_o then_o cleomenes_n will_v have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o terrify_v and_o do_v damage_n to_o the_o enemy_n of_o hearten_v and_o give_v assurance_n to_o his_o soldier_n and_o so_o to_o return_v home_o again_o with_o impunity_n and_o in_o short_a it_o happen_v as_o he_o have_v forecast_v for_o the_o argian_n can_v not_o behold_v their_o country_n waste_v and_o plunder_v without_o press_v antigonus_n with_o their_o complaint_n who_o notwihstanding_n depart_v not_o from_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o great_a prince_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o a_o wise_a general_n he_o be_v not_o therefore_o move_v to_o take_v the_o field_n out_o of_o fear_n of_o present_a blame_v but_o 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be_v make_v and_o have_v remark_v with_o how_o much_o judgement_n cleomenes_n have_v provide_v for_o all_o thing_n have_v distribute_v his_o troop_n and_o post_v they_o so_o proper_o and_o that_o he_o have_v so_o soldier-like_a possess_v the_o place_n and_o be_v encamp_v in_o such_o excellent_a order_n the_o form_n thereof_o bear_v the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o army_n draw_v up_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n for_o he_o have_v omit_v no_o skill_n or_o forecast_n either_o with_o respect_n to_o give_v the_o attack_z or_o receive_v the_o enemy_n his_o people_n be_v in_o a_o posture_n for_o either_o and_o his_o camp_n well_o secure_v against_o any_o insult_n or_o surprise_n when_o antigonus_n i_o say_v have_v observe_v all_o this_o he_o can_v not_o determine_v to_o give_v cleomenes_z battle_n but_o content_v himself_o for_o the_o present_a to_o retire_v some_o small_a distance_n off_o and_o incamp_v his_o army_n on_o the_o the_o river_n gorgylus_n which_o
be_v incline_v to_o accompany_v he_o in_o his_o voyage_n to_o spain_n to_o which_o he_o joyful_o reply_v that_o he_o will_v go_v most_o willing_o and_o after_o he_o have_v beseech_v he_o with_o all_o the_o move_a reason_n which_o a_o child_n be_v capable_a to_o urge_v that_o he_o will_v take_v he_o with_o he_o his_o father_n then_o take_v he_o by_o the_o hand_n lead_v he_o to_o the_o altar_n where_o he_o make_v he_o swear_v on_o the_o same_o altar_n that_o he_o will_v never_o be_v in_o friendship_n with_o the_o roman_n wherefore_o he_o beseech_v antiochus_n to_o rest_v assure_v that_o he_o can_v never_o change_v his_o sentiment_n towards_o that_o people_n and_o that_o if_o he_o have_v determine_v any_o thing_n against_o they_o that_o he_o will_v make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o rely_v on_o his_o secrecy_n and_o fidelity_n and_o that_o he_o will_v serve_v he_o with_o joy_n and_o sincerity_n but_o that_o if_o he_o shall_v enter_v into_o term_n of_o friendship_n and_o alliance_n with_o the_o roman_n there_o shall_v be_v no_o need_n of_o suggest_v accusation_n against_o he_o who_o will_v himself_o be_v the_o first_o that_o shall_v declare_v his_o aversion_n to_o antiochus_n who_o in_o such_o case_n will_v have_v reason_n to_o hold_v he_o as_o a_o enemy_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o can_v never_o be_v other_o than_o a_o mortal_a foe_n to_o the_o roman_n against_o who_o he_o will_v attempt_v all_o thing_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o his_o power_n by_o this_o discourse_n of_o hannibal_n antiochus_n perceive_v he_o speak_v from_o his_o heart_n be_v cure_v of_o the_o jealousy_n he_o have_v conceive_v of_o he_o behold_v here_o a_o singular_a instance_n of_o the_o hatred_n of_o hamilcar_n and_o of_o the_o determination_n he_o have_v take_v which_o be_v yet_o make_v more_o visible_a by_o the_o effect_n for_o he_o bequeath_v two_o such_o enemy_n to_o the_o roman_n in_o asdrubal_n his_o son-in-law_n and_o hannibal_n his_o son_n as_o nothing_o can_v be_v think_v to_o surmount_v their_o 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understand_v that_o the_o soldier_n have_v unanimous_o make_v choice_n of_o hannibal_n for_o their_o leader_n when_o they_o forthwith_o call_v a_o assembly_n and_o ratify_v with_o one_o voice_n the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o soldier_n soon_o after_o hannibal_n confirmation_n in_o his_o government_n he_o deliberate_v on_o reduce_v the_o olcades_n under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n pursuant_n to_o which_o design_n he_o march_v against_o the_o city_n of_o althaea_n a_o rich_a and_o well-fortifyed_a place_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o it_o in_o which_o siege_n he_o give_v so_o many_o mark_n of_o his_o bravery_n and_o ability_n that_o he_o soon_o become_v master_n of_o the_o place_n where_o his_o success_n so_o terrify_v the_o neighbour_a town_n that_o they_o ready_o yield_v themselves_o up_o to_o the_o carthaginian_n after_o he_o have_v amass_v much_o treasure_n by_o the_o sale_n of_o the_o booty_n he_o have_v take_v in_o the_o several_a town_n he_o march_v to_o new-carthage_n which_o he_o make_v his_o winter-quarter_n where_o he_o express_v great_a generosity_n to_o those_o who_o have_v serve_v under_o he_o and_o pay_v the_o soldier_n their_o arrear_n and_o promise_v further_o mark_n of_o his_o bounty_n he_o so_o win_v upon_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o army_n that_o they_o have_v already_o conceive_v extraordinary_a hope_n of_o his_o government_n early_o the_o next_o spring_n he_o march_v against_o the_o vaccoean_n and_o soon_o become_v master_n of_o salmantica_n then_o he_o besiege_v arbucala_n which_o place_n be_v great_a well-peopled_a and_o the_o inhabitant_n obstinate_a in_o their_o defence_n give_v he_o much_o trouble_n but_o in_o the_o end_n though_o town_n be_v surrender_v but_o on_o his_o return_n be_v attack_v by_o the_o carpetanians_n a_o people_n reckon_v among_o the_o most_o powerful_a of_o those_o nation_n he_o become_v on_o the_o sudden_a reduce_v to_o very_o great_a strait_n for_o these_o be_v join_v by_o those_o of_o the_o neighbour_a province_n who_o the_o oâ—â—ades_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o their_o country_n have_v incense_v against_o the_o carthaginian_n with_o who_o come_v likewise_o those_o who_o have_v flee_v from_o salmantica_n insomuch_o as_o if_o they_o can_v have_v compel_v hannibal_n to_o a_o pitch_a field_n he_o have_v doubtless_o be_v drive_v to_o great_a extremity_n but_o he_o who_o be_v singular_a both_o in_o prudence_n and_o dexterity_n so_o artful_o make_v his_o retreat_n cover_v himself_o by_o the_o tagus_n and_o contrive_v so_o to_o attack_v they_o in_o their_o passage_n over_o that_o river_n that_o what_o by_o the_o help_n thereof_o and_o the_o service_n of_o forty_o elephant_n he_o have_v with_o he_o he_o happy_o effect_v what_o he_o have_v design_v when_o every_o body_n be_v in_o despair_n in_o short_a the_o enemy_n be_v determine_v to_o attempt_v their_o utmost_a resolve_v to_o pass_v the_o river_n by_o several_a ford_n at_o once_o but_o be_v encounter_v by_o the_o elephant_n which_o be_v post_v along_o the_o bank_n for_o that_o service_n great_a number_n be_v slay_v as_o they_o come_v to_o land_n before_o any_o can_v come_v in_o to_o their_o succour_n many_o be_v likewise_o cut_v off_o by_o the_o horse_n who_o mingle_v in_o the_o river_n with_o the_o enemy_n where_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o horse_n which_o better_o resist_v the_o current_n than_o the_o foot_n and_o sight_v from_o a_o high_a place_n they_o have_v much_o the_o advantage_n in_o a_o word_n hannibal_n at_o length_n pass_v the_o river_n himself_o and_o vigorous_o pursue_v his_o success_n rout_v a_o army_n of_o above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o of_o these_o barbarian_n who_o be_v thus_o defeat_v there_o remain_v none_o on_o that_o side_n the_o river_n eber_n except_o the_o saguntines_n that_o can_v give_v he_o any_o molestation_n but_o hannibal_n cautious_o abstain_v from_o any_o the_o least_o hostility_n against_o that_o people_n pursuant_n to_o the_o advice_n of_o asdrubal_n which_o be_v to_o make_v himself_o first_o master_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o country_n and_o insure_v his_o conquest_n there_o before_o he_o give_v occasion_n open_o to_o the_o roman_n to_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o saguntines_n dispatch_v frequent_a advice_n to_o the_o roman_n led_z thereunto_o partly_o out_o of_o fear_n and_o foresight_n of_o their_o own_o impend_a danger_n partly_o likewise_o out_o of_o goodwill_n to_o the_o end_n the_o roman_n may_v be_v perfect_o instruct_v in_o the_o success_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o spain_n in_o short_a after_o a_o cold_a reception_n of_o many_o of_o these_o intimation_n they_o determine_v at_o length_n to_o dispatch_v ambassador_n into_o spain_n to_o be_v eye-witness_n of_o those_o thing_n whereof_o they_o have_v be_v inform_v about_o which_o time_n hannibal_n have_v subdue_v all_o those_o people_n which_o he_o have_v purpose_v to_o reduce_v be_v march_v
to_o new-carthage_n to_o his_o winter-quarter_n that_o place_v be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o those_o country_n that_o yield_v obedience_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n there_o he_o find_v the_o roman_a ambassador_n and_o give_v they_o audience_n be_v by_o they_o caution_v to_o attempt_v nothing_o against_o the_o saguntines_n who_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o that_o pursuant_n to_o the_o treaty_n make_v with_o asdrubal_n they_o shall_v not_o pass_v their_o troop_n beyond_o the_o river_n eber._n to_o this_o hannibal_n who_o be_v yet_o but_o young_a and_o ardent_o ambitious_a of_o military_a glory_n fortunate_a in_o his_o erterprise_n and_o mortal_o hate_v the_o roman_n reply_v by_o way_n of_o complaint_n against_o they_o feign_v to_o favour_v those_o of_o saguntum_n and_o tell_v the_o ambassador_n that_o upon_o a_o certain_a sedition_n that_o happen_v some_o time_n ago_o in_o the_o say_a city_n that_o the_o roman_n be_v choose_v to_o arbitrate_v their_o difference_n and_o to_o reduce_v the_o citizen_n to_o peace_n and_o union_n have_v unjust_o animadvert_v on_o certain_a of_o the_o principal_a inhabitant_n which_o perfidious_a action_n of_o they_o he_o hold_v himself_o oblige_v to_o see_v revenge_v and_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n inherit_v that_o custom_n from_o their_o ancestor_n to_o procure_v justice_n to_o be_v do_v to_o the_o oppress_v at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o send_v to_o carthage_n for_o instruction_n how_o to_o proceed_v while_o the_o saguntines_n encourage_v by_o their_o alliance_n with_o the_o roman_n act_v many_o outrage_n against_o those_o who_o be_v now_o under_o the_o carthaginian_a subjection_n thus_o hannibal_n transport_v by_o a_o violent_a hatred_n act_v in_o every_o thing_n without_o consult_v his_o reason_n and_o never_o trouble_v himself_o with_o the_o truth_n of_o matter_n found_v pretext_n on_o false_a suggestion_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o those_o who_o prepossess_v by_o their_o passion_n do_v what_o they_o have_v determine_v without_o regard_n to_o equity_n or_o consideration_n of_o honour_n otherwise_o have_v it_o not_o be_v more_o plausible_a to_o have_v demand_v of_o the_o roman_n the_o restitution_n of_o sardinia_n and_o the_o money_n so_o long_o pay_v they_o by_o the_o carthaginian_n which_o they_o have_v wring_v from_o they_o during_o the_o weakness_n and_o calamity_n of_o the_o republic_n and_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n to_o declare_v war_n against_o they_o but_o as_o he_o conceal_v the_o true_a cause_n and_o have_v recourse_n to_o false_a reason_n for_o his_o motive_n it_o may_v be_v very_o just_o suspect_v he_o enter_v into_o that_o war_n not_o only_o without_o reason_n but_o against_o the_o common_a right_n of_o nation_n wherefore_o the_o ambassador_n depart_v go_v to_o carthage_n there_o to_o expostulate_v about_o what_o have_v already_o past_a albeit_o now_o well_o assure_v that_o war_n will_v ensue_v though_o without_o any_o jealousy_n it_o will_v break_v out_o in_o italy_n but_o in_o spain_n rather_o and_o that_o saguntum_n will_v be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o action_n which_o they_o propose_v as_o a_o proper_a fortress_n and_o place_n of_o arm_n this_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o senate_n deliberation_n who_o conclude_v it_o will_v be_v a_o war_n likely_a to_o be_v draw_v out_o at_o length_n and_o be_v in_o a_o remote_a country_n they_o resolve_v therefore_o to_o give_v first_o a_o period_n to_o their_o affair_n in_o illyria_n for_o at_o that_o time_n demetrius_n the_o pharian_a forget_v his_o obligation_n to_o the_o roman_n his_o benefactor_n have_v give_v they_o some_o mark_n of_o his_o ingratitude_n and_o understand_v how_o they_o be_v molest_v by_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o gaul_n and_o be_v likely_a to_o have_v to_o do_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n make_v now_o little_a account_n of_o their_o friendship_n and_o place_v his_o great_a hope_n in_o the_o king_n of_o macedon_n and_o during_o the_o cleomenick_n war_n have_v join_v with_o antigonus_n demetrius_z then_o resolve_v to_o pillage_n and_o reduce_v the_o town_n of_o illyria_n under_o his_o dominion_n which_o be_v now_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o have_v sail_v beyond_o lissa_n with_o a_o fleet_n of_o fifty_o ship_n contrary_a to_o the_o article_n of_o the_o treaty_n he_o ravage_v most_o of_o the_o island_n of_o the_o cyclades_n so_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v notice_n of_o these_o infraction_n and_o be_v over_o and_o above_o well_o inform_v of_o the_o present_a prosperity_n of_o the_o macedonian_n conclude_v that_o it_o behove_v they_o to_o have_v a_o careful_a eye_n to_o their_o affair_n in_o the_o province_n eastward_o of_o italy_n nor_o be_v they_o without_o hope_n of_o defeat_v the_o design_n of_o hannibal_n of_o make_v the_o illyrian_n to_o repent_v their_o folly_n and_o punish_v the_o perfidy_n and_o rash_a behaviour_n of_o demetrius_n but_o these_o prove_v vain_a deliberation_n for_o hannibal_n be_v too_o much_o in_o earnest_n and_o prevent_v they_o and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n become_v master_n of_o saguntum_n which_o success_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o oblige_v to_o make_v war_n in_o spain_n but_o in_o italy_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o rome_n itself_o howbeit_o the_o roman_n pursuant_n to_o their_o first_o project_n send_v lucius_n aemilius_n into_o illyria_n with_o a_o army_n early_o in_o the_o spring_n be_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o hundred_o and_o forty_o olympiad_n at_o which_o time_n hannibal_n part_v with_o his_o army_n from_o new_a carthage_n towards_o saguntum_n this_o city_n be_v situate_a about_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o those_o mountain_n which_o part_n spain_n from_o celtiberia_n the_o territory_n of_o saguntum_n be_v very_o fertile_a abound_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o excellent_a fruit_n wherein_o no_o part_n of_o spain_n exceed_v it_o hannibal_n sit_v down_o before_o it_o and_z attack_n it_z with_o so_o much_o the_o more_o diligence_n by_o how_o much_o he_o judge_v the_o reduce_v such_o a_o place_n by_o plain_a force_n will_v great_o avail_v towards_o his_o compass_v those_o end_n he_o have_v further_o meditate_a in_o a_o word_n he_o conceive_v he_o shall_v by_o that_o mean_n deprive_v the_o roman_n of_o all_o hope_n of_o make_v war_n in_o spain_n and_o further_o make_v account_n that_o terrify_v by_o his_o success_n those_o he_o have_v already_o vanquish_v will_v be_v thereby_o hold_v in_o better_a obedience_n and_o preserve_v their_o faith_n unbroken_a that_o those_o who_o be_v yet_o unconquered_a will_v stand_v in_o great_a awe_n of_o his_o power_n and_o what_o be_v yet_o of_o great_a consequence_n he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o advance_v his_o erterprise_n with_o more_o security_n have_v no_o enemy_n at_o his_o back_n furthermore_o he_o calculate_v that_o the_o take_n of_o this_o town_n will_v yield_v he_o great_a supply_n of_o treasure_n for_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n that_o his_o army_n will_v be_v more_o at_o his_o devotion_n when_o he_o have_v enrich_v they_o with_o booty_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v enable_v the_o better_a to_o purchase_v and_o establish_v his_o interest_n among_o the_o carthaginian_n by_o distribute_v among_o they_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o vanquish_a these_o reflection_n incite_v his_o industry_n to_o press_v the_o besiege_a with_o great_a application_n so_o that_o become_v himself_o a_o example_n to_o the_o army_n by_o work_v in_o the_o trench_n among_o the_o soldier_n animate_v they_o in_o person_n mingle_v with_o they_o in_o all_o hazard_n and_o incessant_o attend_v the_o labour_n of_o the_o siege_n he_o become_v in_o the_o space_n of_o eight_o month_n master_n of_o the_o place_n great_a booty_n be_v there_o take_v both_o in_o money_n prisoner_n and_o rich_a movable_n the_o treasure_n he_o take_v to_o himself_o for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o war_n he_o have_v project_v against_o the_o roman_n the_o prisoner_n he_o distribute_v to_o the_o army_n in_o proportion_n to_o their_o merit_n and_o the_o rest_n he_o dispatch_v in_o present_n to_o his_o friend_n in_o carthage_n nor_o do_v hannibal_n make_v a_o wrong_n reckon_n for_o the_o soldier_n be_v oblige_v and_o become_v more_o hardy_a in_o danger_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v win_v to_o consent_v more_o ready_o to_o all_o his_o proposition_n and_o be_v himself_o now_o supply_v and_o furnish_v with_o whatever_o he_o want_v he_o prosecute_v his_o erterprise_n with_o great_a promptitude_n about_o the_o same_o time_n demetrius_n have_v intelligence_n of_o the_o roman_n purpose_n put_v with_o expedition_n a_o garrison_n into_o dimalus_n which_o place_v he_o supply_v with_o store_n of_o war_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a and_o after_o he_o have_v destroy_v in_o the_o other_o town_n all_o those_o that_o be_v of_o the_o contrary_a faction_n and_o bestow_v the_o government_n on_o his_o creature_n he_o select_v five_o thousand_o of_o the_o able_a man_n
have_v live_v to_o act_v in_o every_o thing_n the_o part_n of_o a_o able_a and_o virtuous_a citizen_n and_o especial_o in_o this_o occasion_n the_o roman_n resist_v yet_o a_o while_n but_o as_o their_o man_n fall_v their_o ground_n by_o degree_n become_v more_o and_o more_o straighten_v till_o at_o length_n they_o be_v so_o huddle_v up_o that_o they_o have_v not_o space_n to_o move_v and_o wield_v their_o arm_n so_o they_o be_v all_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n the_o two_o consul_n of_o the_o precede_a year_n likewise_o fall_v in_o this_o occasion_n man_n of_o great_a reputation_n for_o their_o wisdom_n and_o probity_n and_o who_o in_o this_o action_n give_v noble_a proof_n of_o the_o power_n and_o extent_n of_o roman_a virtue_n while_o matter_n pass_v thus_o here_o the_o numidian_n who_o go_v in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o roman_a horse_n kill_v the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o and_o take_v some_o prisoner_n a_o few_o get_v into_o venusia_n and_o among_o these_o the_o consul_n terentius_n varro_n a_o person_n every_o way_n unworthy_a and_o who_o be_v choose_v into_o the_o magistracy_n for_o a_o curse_n to_o his_o country_n this_o issue_n have_v the_o field_n of_o cannae_n famous_a for_o the_o number_n of_o illustrious_a man_n there_o present_a on_o both_o side_n as_o well_o on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o vanquish_a as_o the_o victor_n and_o certain_o the_o action_n itself_o witness_v its_o own_o greatness_n for_o of_o six_o thousand_o roman_a horse_n there_o escape_v no_o more_o than_o seventy_o who_o get_v with_o the_o consul_n into_o venusia_n and_o about_o three_o hundred_o of_o the_o ally_n some_o by_o one_o mean_n some_o by_o another_o as_o to_o the_o foot_n ten_o thousand_o be_v make_v prisoner_n who_o be_v not_o in_o the_o action_n of_o the_o rest_n not_o above_o three_o thousand_o escape_v all_o the_o rest_n die_v brave_o with_o their_o sword_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o the_o number_n of_o seventy_o thousand_o in_o a_o word_n the_o great_a advantage_n the_o enemy_n have_v in_o horse_n main_o contribute_v to_o their_o success_n and_o prositable_a instruction_n may_v be_v gather_v by_o remark_v from_o hence_o that_o it_o be_v more_o safe_a to_o fight_v with_o one_o hals_fw-ge the_o number_n of_o foot_n less_o while_o you_o exceed_v the_o enercy_n in_o horse_n than_o to_o have_v both_o side_n equal_a in_o foot_n and_o horse_n in_o a_o battle_n but_o this_o victory_n come_v not_o cheap_a to_o the_o carthaginian_n for_o there_o die_v in_o battle_n on_o their_o part_n four_o thousand_o gaul_n fifteen_o hundred_o spaniard_n and_o african_n and_o about_o two_o hundred_o of_o their_o horse_n the_o roman_n who_o be_v take_v prisoner_n be_v not_o in_o the_o battle_n for_o aemilius_n have_v leave_v then_o in_o the_o camp_n with_o order_n to_o march_v and_o attack_v that_o of_o the_o enemy_n after_o the_o battle_n shall_v begin_v thereby_o to_o become_v master_n of_o their_o store_n and_o ammunition_n in_o case_n hannibal_n shall_v chance_v to_o leave_v his_o camp_n without_o a_o good_a guard_n and_o in_o case_n he_o do_v he_o be_v sure_a to_o find_v his_o army_n thereby_o diminish_v and_o the_o roman_n with_o less_o business_n on_o their_o hand_n these_o than_o be_v take_v much_o after_o this_o manner_n though_o hannibal_n leave_v not_o his_o camp_n without_o a_o good_a guard_n nevertheless_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o battle_n begin_v the_o roman_n pursuant_n to_o their_o order_n march_v to_o the_o attack_z the_o carthaginian_n for_o a_o while_n gallant_o oppose_v they_o but_o at_o length_n when_o they_o be_v on_o the_o point_n of_o yield_v to_o the_o superior_a force_n of_o the_o enemy_n hannibal_n who_o be_v by_o that_o time_n master_n of_o the_o field_n come_v in_o to_o their_o relief_n and_o rout_v the_o roman_n force_v they_o to_o take_v refuge_n in_o their_o own_o camp_n of_o these_o be_v kill_v about_o two_o thousand_o the_o rest_n be_v take_v alive_a such_o as_o be_v scatter_v and_o disperse_v about_o the_o country_n and_o have_v get_v into_o fortify_v place_n share_v no_o better_a fortune_n for_o the_o numidian_n attack_v they_o wherever_o they_o go_v take_v to_o the_o number_n of_o two_o thousand_o of_o their_o horse_n prisoner_n as_o we_o before_o note_v the_o issue_n of_o this_o battle_n prove_v in_o effect_n what_o either_o party_n foresee_v for_o the_o carthaginian_n thereby_o become_v soon_o possess_v in_o a_o manner_n at_o least_o of_o all_o that_o part_n of_o italy_n call_v the_o ancient_a province_n and_o magna-graecia_n those_o of_o tarentum_n the_o arpinate_v and_o some_o capuan_n put_v themselves_o present_o into_o their_o hand_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n give_v manifest_a sign_n of_o their_o good_a inclination_n towards_o they_o nor_o be_v hannibal_n in_o doubt_n but_o that_o rome_n itself_o will_v be_v his_o on_o the_o first_o attempt_n while_o the_o roman_n become_v now_o desperate_a after_o this_o defeat_n of_o preserve_v their_o dominion_n of_o italy_n and_o under_o these_o agitation_n terrify_v at_o once_o at_o their_o own_o and_o country_n danger_n expect_v every_o moment_n to_o see_v hannibal_n at_o their_o gate_n and_o as_o if_o fortune_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o make_v they_o drink_v the_o dregs_n of_o this_o bitter_a cup_n they_o receive_v news_n short_o after_o while_o the_o city_n be_v sink_v under_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o adversity_n that_o their_o praetor_n who_o they_o have_v send_v to_o the_o cisalpine_a gaul_n be_v himself_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n rout_v and_o cut_v off_o by_o a_o ambush_n they_o have_v lay_v in_o his_o way_n howbeit_o the_o senate_n desert_v not_o their_o duty_n in_o this_o exigent_n they_o call_v on_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o strengthen_v the_o work_n of_o the_o city_n and_o give_v all_o those_o needful_a order_n which_o their_o circumstance_n will_v permit_v as_o by_o the_o success_n soon_o appear_v and_o though_o in_o truth_n the_o whole_a world_n be_v now_o witness_n that_o the_o roman_n at_o this_o time_n be_v vanquish_v and_o give_v place_n in_o military_a reputation_n to_o their_o enemy_n nevertheless_o it_o will_v also_o be_v confess_v that_o what_o by_o their_o constancy_n of_o mind_n and_o the_o wisdom_n of_o their_o counsel_n they_o overcome_v at_o length_n these_o their_o conqueror_n and_o not_o only_o rescue_v their_o country_n but_o add_v not_o long_o after_o to_o their_o recovery_n of_o italy_n the_o conquest_n of_o the_o world_n here_o than_o we_o have_v think_v it_o proper_a to_o sinish_v this_o book_n which_o contain_v so_o many_o memorable_a tranfaction_n as_o well_o in_o spain_n as_o italy_n during_o the_o hundred_o and_o forty_o olympiad_n and_o when_o we_o shall_v have_v speak_v of_o the_o occurrence_n of_o greece_n during_o the_o same_o olympiad_n we_o shall_v then_o return_v to_o rome_n and_o discourse_n at_o large_a on_o the_o subject_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n be_v persuade_v that_o such_o remark_n as_o may_v be_v thence_o collect_v will_v not_o only_o be_v find_v worthy_a the_o pen_n of_o a_o historian_n but_o of_o excellent_a use_n both_o to_o those_o who_o will_v improve_v their_o mind_n in_o such_o contemplation_n as_o other_o who_o be_v actual_o in_o the_o ministry_n of_o public_a affair_n as_o well_o for_o the_o correct_v the_o error_n of_o present_a government_n as_o the_o form_n and_o sound_v of_o new_a commonwealth_n the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o volume_n a_o catalogue_n of_o book_n print_v for_o rich._n wellington_n at_o the_o lute_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n and_o sam._n briscoe_n near_o coventgarden_n the_o italian_a voyage_n or_o a_o complete_a journey_n through_o italy_n in_o two_o part_n be_v a_o exact_a character_n of_o the_o people_n and_o a_o description_n of_o the_o chief_a town_n church_n monastery_n tomb_n library_n palace_n villa_n garden_n picture_n statue_n antiquity_n as_o also_o of_o the_o interest_n government_n rule_n force_n etc._n etc._n of_o all_o the_o prince_n by_o richard_n laswell_n gent_n the_o second_o edition_n with_o large_a addition_n by_o a_o modern_a name_n a_o discourse_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o faculty_n of_o man_n in_o several_a essay_n with_o some_o consideration_n on_o the_o occurrence_n of_o humane_a life_n by_o tim._n nourse_n gent._n familiar_a letter_n write_v by_o john_n late_a earl_n of_o rochester_n to_o the_o honourable_a henry_n savile_n esq_n and_o several_a other_o person_n of_o quality_n with_o love-letter_n write_v by_o the_o ingenuous_a mr._n otway_n with_o several_a other_o letter_n write_v by_o his_o grace_n the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n sir_n george_n etheridge_n and_o mr._n tho_n brown_n in_o 2_o vol._n each_o may_v be_v have_v single_o the_o history_n and_o novel_n of_o the_o late_a ingenuous_a mrs._n anne_n behn_n vol._n i._o viz._n oroonoko_n or_o the_o royal_a slave_n the_o fair_a gild_a or_o prince_n tarquin_n agnes_n de_fw-fr castro_n or_o the_o force_n of_o generous_a love_n the_o lover_n
sparta_n for_o the_o election_n of_o their_o king_n but_o the_o news_n of_o his_o death_n be_v no_o soon_o publish_v when_o both_o the_o people_n and_o ephori_fw-la proceed_v to_o deliberate_v thereupon_o the_o ephori_fw-la who_o be_v of_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o seditious_a and_o have_v make_v alliance_n with_o the_o aetolian_n choose_v for_o one_o of_o their_o king_n agesipolis_n who_o father_n be_v cleombrotus_n who_o succeed_v leonidas_n he_o be_v the_o near_a in_o blood_n they_o appoint_v for_o his_o governor_n cleomenes_n the_o son_n of_o cleombrotus_n and_o brother_n to_o the_o first_o agesipolis_n as_o to_o the_o other_o king_n although_o archidamus_n leave_v two_o child_n beget_v of_o the_o daughter_n of_o hippomedon_n and_o there_o be_v other_o of_o the_o same_o lineage_n but_o more_o remote_a though_o they_o be_v of_o the_o family_n yet_o these_o be_v reject_v and_o the_o royalty_n confer_v on_o lycurgus_n who_o descend_v not_o from_o any_o one_o ancestor_n that_o have_v wear_v the_o crown_n but_o at_o the_o price_n of_o a_o talon_n he_o bestow_v on_o each_o of_o the_o ephori_fw-la he_o buy_v his_o adoption_n to_o hercules_n and_o his_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o sparta_n so_o true_a it_o be_v that_o all_o villainy_n be_v everywhere_o buy_v at_o a_o price_n and_o it_o will_v be_v see_v that_o the_o author_n of_o these_o violation_n be_v not_o punish_v in_o their_o child_n or_o child_n child_n but_o they_o themselves_o live_v to_o share_v the_o fruit_n of_o their_o folly_n machatas_n receive_v notice_n of_o these_o proceed_n return_v speedy_o to_o sparta_n where_o he_o labour_v his_o utmost_a with_o the_o king_n and_o the_o ephori_fw-la to_o dispose_v they_o to_o declare_v war_n with_o the_o achaian_n there_o be_v no_o other_o mean_n leave_v whereby_o to_o vanquish_v the_o difficulty_n they_o be_v now_o under_o with_o those_o who_o oppose_v the_o alliance_n with_o the_o aetolian_n who_o have_v likewise_o a_o party_n in_o aetolia_n itself_o but_o have_v at_o length_n prevail_v with_o the_o king_n and_o the_o ephori_fw-la he_o return_v back_o to_o his_o country_n after_o have_v by_o the_o weakness_n of_o those_o who_o he_o have_v gain_v to_o his_o purpose_n successful_o execute_v his_o commission_n as_o to_o lycurgus_n he_o march_v out_o and_o make_v incursion_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o argian_n with_o the_o troop_n he_o have_v raise_v with_o who_o be_v join_v the_o militia_n of_o the_o city_n so_o that_o take_v the_o argian_n thus_o by_o surprise_n the_o enemy_n easy_o effect_v their_o purpose_n soon_o after_o he_o take_v polichna_n prasia_n leucas_n and_o cyphas_n he_o get_v possession_n likewise_o of_o glimpse_n and_o zarax_n after_o which_o good_a success_n the_o lacedaemonian_n proclaim_v war_n with_o the_o achaian_n thus_o all_o thing_n sort_v to_o the_o wish_n of_o the_o aetolian_n they_o enter_v on_o the_o war_n with_o great_a assurance_n while_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o achaian_n have_v but_o a_o melancholy_a prospect_n of_o their_o affair_n for_o king_n philip_n on_o who_o they_o most_o rely_v be_v yet_o but_o form_v his_o army_n theâ—_n epirot_n be_v slow_a in_o their_o preparation_n and_o the_o messenian_n continue_v neuter_n while_o the_o aetolian_n assist_v by_o the_o elean_n and_o lacedaemonian_n attack_v they_o on_o every_o side_n at_o the_o same_o time_n aratus_n praetorship_n expire_v and_o aratus_n his_o son_n be_v by_o the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o achaian_n choose_v praetor_n in_o his_o place_n scopas_n likewise_o be_v praetor_n of_o the_o aetolian_n who_o time_n be_v now_o half_o expire_v the_o aetolian_n election_n of_o magistrate_n be_v in_o in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n the_o achaian_n march_n aratus_n the_o young_a than_o enter_v on_o his_o charge_n early_o in_o that_o summer_n which_o be_v remarkable_a for_o the_o begin_n of_o so_o many_o war_n for_o hannibal_n be_v then_o meditate_v the_o siege_n of_o saguntum_n the_o roman_n dispatch_v l._n aemilius_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n into_o illyria_n against_o demetrius_n the_o pharian_a whereof_o we_o have_v make_v mention_n in_o our_o precede_a book_n antiochus_n enter_v on_o the_o war_n which_o be_v wage_v for_o the_o low_a syria_n after_o theodorus_n have_v deliver_v up_o to_o he_o tyre_n and_o ptolemais_n lycurgus_n king_n of_o sparta_n arrogate_a the_o same_o authority_n as_o heretofore_o cleomenes_n do_v lay_v siege_n to_o athenaeum_n belong_v to_o the_o megalopolitan_o the_o achaian_n make_v levy_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n to_o sustain_v the_o war_n that_o so_o much_o threaten_v they_o philip_n march_v out_o of_o macedon_n with_o a_o army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o heavy-armed_a troop_n five_o thousand_o targeteer_n and_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n these_o be_v the_o hostile_a preparation_n that_o be_v then_o everywhere_o make_v beside_o that_o the_o rhodian_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n engage_v in_o a_o war_n with_o the_o byzantine_n the_o quarrel_n be_v ground_v on_o the_o reason_n we_o shall_v now_o deliver_v the_o byzantine_n be_v situate_a the_o most_o commodious_o of_o any_o people_n who_o by_o their_o neigh-hood_n to_o the_o sea_n have_v all_o thing_n transport_v to_o they_o that_o minister_v to_o the_o supply_n of_o human_a life_n or_o luxury_n but_o they_o can_v boast_v of_o the_o like_a felicity_n by_o land_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o sea_n their_o city_n stand_v so_o on_o the_o coast_n that_o no_o vessel_n can_v go_v or_o come_v without_o their_o permission_n and_o whatever_o can_v be_v supply_v by_o the_o pontic_a sea_n which_o yield_v abundance_n of_o every_o needful_a thing_n they_o be_v master_n of_o in_o a_o word_n the_o country_n border_v on_o that_o sea_n afford_v we_o plenty_n of_o hide_n and_o of_o good_a slave_n honey_n wax_n salt_v flesh_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o the_o like_a commodity_n the_o byzantine_n enjoy_v likewise_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o navigation_n all_o thing_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o our_o country_n as_o oil_n wine_n and_o the_o like_a breadcorn_n be_v also_o a_o commodity_n among_o they_o which_o sometime_o they_o buy_v and_o at_o other_o time_n they_o sell_v it_o will_v concern_v the_o greek_n then_o either_o not_o to_o deal_v at_o all_o in_o these_o kind_n of_o merchandise_n or_o to_o resolve_v to_o trade_n without_o advantage_n if_o the_o byzantine_n shall_v at_o any_o time_n enter_v into_o league_n with_o the_o thracian_n or_o galatian_n or_o in_o short_a total_o to_o abandon_v all_o commerce_n with_o those_o country_n for_o we_o shall_v be_v no_o long_o at_o liberty_n to_o navigate_v in_o the_o pontic_a sea_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o straitness_n of_o the_o inlet_n and_o the_o multitude_n of_o barbarian_n that_o possess_v the_o country_n round_o about_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n then_o but_o it_o be_v the_o felicity_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o place_n to_o which_o byzantium_n owe_v the_o many_o advantage_n it_o enjoy_v for_o be_v it_o either_o for_o the_o consumption_n of_o such_o thing_n whereof_o they_o abound_v or_o the_o supply_n of_o what_o they_o want_v they_o negotiate_v both_o with_o ease_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o navigation_n nor_o be_v those_o who_o hold_v commerce_n with_o they_o without_o their_o share_n of_o commodity_n wherefore_o as_o they_o be_v beneficial_a to_o every_o one_o so_o the_o greek_n in_o general_n have_v a_o just_a consideration_n for_o they_o and_o they_o do_v not_o only_o think_v they_o have_v a_o right_a to_o their_o thanks_o to_o but_o their_o succour_n and_o assistance_n whensoever_o they_o be_v invade_v or_o press_v by_o their_o barbarous_a neighbour_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o nature_n and_o situation_n of_o this_o place_n be_v know_v but_o to_o a_o few_o it_o lie_v out_o of_o the_o way_n of_o the_o general_a commerce_n of_o the_o world_n we_o have_v therefore_o think_v it_o worth_a our_o pain_n to_o show_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o byzantium_n enjoy_v so_o many_o advantage_n superior_a to_o most_o other_o city_n for_o it_o be_v our_o purpose_n to_o be_v ever_o very_o particular_a in_o this_o sort_n of_o subject_n and_o to_o endeavour_v to_o give_v such_o a_o prospect_n of_o those_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v find_v worth_a remark_n as_o to_o paint_v they_o as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o view_n at_o least_o to_o engrave_v such_o a_o picture_n of_o they_o in_o the_o mind_n that_o the_o image_n shall_v be_v but_o just_a short_a of_o truth_n itself_o that_o which_o we_o call_v the_o pontic_a sea_n then_o contain_v in_o circuit_n about_o nine_o hundred_o league_n it_o have_v two_o outlet_n or_o strait_n the_o one_o into_o the_o propontis_n the_o other_o give_v it_o communication_n with_o the_o palus-maeotis_n who_o circuit_n be_v upward_o of_o three_o hundred_o league_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o many_o eminent_a river_n of_o asia_n and_o more_o of_o the_o principal_a river_n of_o europe_n discharge_v themselves_o into_o this_o
of_o affair_n shall_v be_v commit_v and_o aim_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a so_o to_o settle_v the_o kingdom_n as_o to_o leave_v no_o motive_n of_o dissension_n or_o discord_n among_o the_o minister_n and_o other_o who_o they_o shall_v employ_v wherefore_o he_o nominate_v apelles_n for_o one_o of_o the_o young_a king_n tutor_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v joint_o trust_v with_o he_o in_o other_o matter_n to_o leontius_n he_o give_v the_o command_n of_o the_o bucklerman_n megalea_n be_v make_v secretary_n taurion_n be_v appoint_v governor_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o alexander_n have_v the_o command_n of_o the_o king_n guard_n but_o in_o conclusion_n megalea_n and_o leontius_n be_v creature_n of_o apelles_n he_o dispose_v they_o as_o he_o please_v and_o therefore_o set_v all_o his_o art_n at_o work_n to_o remove_v alexander_n and_o taurion_n from_o authority_n that_o himself_o may_v have_v the_o power_n or_o execute_v it_o by_o instrument_n of_o his_o own_o all_o which_o design_n he_o have_v in_o great_a likelihood_n bring_v to_o pass_v have_v he_o not_o engage_v in_o that_o secret_a war_n with_o aratus_n wherefore_o he_o come_v at_o length_n to_o feel_v the_o smart_n of_o his_o folly_n and_o reap_v the_o wage_n of_o his_o ambition_n it_o be_v his_o lot_n to_o suffer_v those_o evil_n he_o be_v prepare_v for_o other_o but_o we_o will_v not_o prosecute_v his_o story_n here_o but_o leave_v to_o another_o place_n the_o recital_n of_o the_o manner_n and_o reason_n of_o all_o that_o befall_v he_o it_o be_v now_o time_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o book_n in_o conclusion_n then_o after_o these_o thing_n be_v bring_v to_o pass_v which_o we_o have_v be_v relate_v king_n philip_n return_v to_o argos_n where_o he_o spend_v the_o winter_n among_o his_o friend_n send_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n his_o army_n into_o macedon_n finis_fw-la lib._n iu._n polybius_n general_a history_n of_o the_o transaction_n of_o the_o world_n vol._n ii_o book_n v._o the_o year_n of_o the_o young_a aratus_n praetorship_n expire_v about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o april_n the_o the_o beginning_n of_o april_n rise_n of_o the_o pleyade_n for_o so_o the_o achaian_n compute_v who_o be_v succeed_v by_o eperatus_n dorimachus_n hold_v then_o that_o trust_v in_o aetolia_n about_o the_o same_o time_n hannibal_n have_v open_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o roman_n depart_v from_o new-carthage_n and_o pass_v the_o river_n eber_n enter_v on_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o design_n and_o begin_v his_o march_n towards_o italy_n while_o at_o rome_n tiberius_n sempronius_n be_v dispatch_v towards_o africa_n and_o pub._n cornelius_n scipio_n towards_o spain_n at_o the_o head_n of_o their_o army_n furthermore_o antiochus_n and_o ptolemy_n come_v to_o despair_v by_o conference_n and_o embassy_n to_o compose_v the_o difference_n that_o be_v grow_v between_o they_o about_o the_o low_a syria_n have_v likewise_o enter_v into_o hostility_n one_o with_o another_o as_o to_o king_n philip_n he_o come_v to_o want_v money_n and_o provision_n for_o his_o army_n have_v convocate_v by_o their_o magistrate_n the_o assembly_n of_o the_o achainas_n which_o according_a to_o custom_n be_v hold_v at_o aegium_n where_o perceive_v aratus_n ill_o satisfy_v with_o the_o practice_n of_o apelles_n have_v willing_o resign_v his_o authority_n and_o find_v eperatus_n unqualify_v for_o business_n and_o in_o no_o esteem_n with_o the_o people_n he_o come_v at_o length_n to_o discern_v the_o foul_a play_n of_o apelles_n and_o leontius_n which_o renew_v his_o esteem_n for_o aratus_n who_o he_o now_o consider_v more_o than_o ever_o not_o long_o after_o have_v prevail_v with_o the_o magistrate_n that_o their_o next_o convention_n shall_v be_v at_o sicyon_n he_o there_o have_v private_a conference_n with_o the_o two_o aratus_n and_o impute_v all_o that_o have_v pass_v to_o the_o artifices_fw-la of_o apelles_n pray_v they_o to_o forget_v their_o wrong_n and_o continue_v he_o in_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o affection_n as_o heretofore_o whereupon_o come_v to_o a_o new_a accord_n the_o king_n go_v to_o the_o assembly_n where_o without_o difficulty_n he_o obtain_v by_o their_o procurement_n all_o he_o defire_v towards_o the_o furtherance_n of_o his_o affair_n the_o achaian_n then_o decree_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o army_n shall_v begin_v to_o march_v fifty_o talent_n shall_v be_v advance_v to_o the_o king_n be_v three_o month_n pay_v to_o the_o army_n together_o with_o ten_o thousand_o measure_n of_o corn._n and_o it_o be_v also_o further_o resolve_v that_o while_o the_o king_n make_v war_n in_o person_n in_o peloponnesus_n he_o shall_v receive_v seventeen_o talent_n monthly_o after_o these_o act_n of_o the_o assembly_n they_o separate_v and_o retire_v to_o their_o respective_a city_n and_o now_o when_o the_o army_n begin_v to_o move_v from_o their_o winter-quarter_n it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o king_n in_o council_n to_o prosecute_v the_o war_n likewise_o by_o sea_n conclude_v it_o to_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n whereby_o to_o surprise_v and_o attack_v the_o enemy_n from_o all_o quarter_n by_o make_v descent_n and_o invade_v they_o where_o their_o town_n be_v distant_a and_o remote_a from_o succour_n whereby_o every_o one_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o consult_v their_o own_o single_a safety_n through_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o their_o motion_n and_o it_o will_v be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o carry_v their_o arm_n with_o more_o case_n whithersoever_o they_o shall_v judge_v it_o most_o expedient_a for_o they_o have_v to_o do_v at_o once_o with_o the_o aetolian_n lacedaemonian_n and_o elean_n after_o this_o have_v be_v resolve_v the_o king_n order_v the_o fleet_n both_o his_o own_o and_o the_o achaean_n ship_n to_o rendezvous_n at_o the_o port_n of_o lechoeum_n where_o he_o command_v the_o soldier_n of_o the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n to_o be_v exercise_v and_o instruct_v in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o oar_n for_o the_o macedonian_n apply_v themselves_o cheerful_o to_o every_o thing_n and_o learn_v with_o facility_n whatsoever_o they_o go_v about_o and_o in_o short_a be_v no_o less_o brave_a and_o active_a by_o sea_n than_o by_o land_n no_o people_n endure_v hardship_n better_o or_o be_v more_o patient_a of_o labour_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o their_o fortification_n and_o encampment_n or_o any_o other_o painful_a or_o hardy_a employment_n incident_a to_o the_o life_n of_o a_o soldier_n in_o conclusion_n hesiod_n seem_v to_o give_v we_o their_o picture_n in_o his_o character_n of_o the_o aeacidoe_n to_o who_o soft_a ease_n and_o lust_n less_o pleasure_n yield_v than_o martial_a toil_n and_o peril_n of_o the_o field_n while_o king_n philip_n and_o the_o macedonian_n remain_v at_o corinth_n employ_v about_o their_o naval_a preparation_n apelles_n who_o can_v not_o brook_v the_o diminution_n of_o his_o credit_n nor_o work_v any_o change_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o his_o master_n enter_v into_o compact_n with_o leontius_n and_o megaleas_n with_o who_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o they_o on_o their_o part_n who_o be_v to_o act_v in_o the_o army_n about_o the_o king_n shall_v labour_v with_o their_o best_a art_n secret_o to_o thwart_v and_o obstruct_v he_o in_o all_o his_o design_n while_o he_o make_v his_o abode_n at_o chalcis_n will_v take_v care_n so_o to_o shorten_v and_o retard_v his_o supply_n of_o every_o thing_n from_o all_o part_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v so_o streighten_v on_o that_o side_n that_o the_o want_n of_o necessary_n to_o the_o advance_v his_o expedition_n shall_v be_v a_o great_a impediment_n to_o his_o progress_n after_o matter_n have_v be_v thus_o concert_v between_o they_o this_o crafty_a old_a courtier_n soon_o find_v reason_n whereby_o to_o dispose_v the_o king_n to_o approve_v of_o his_o voyage_n to_o chalcis_n whither_o he_o go_v and_o where_o he_o perform_v article_n so_o punctual_o with_o the_o other_o two_o that_o he_o bring_v the_o king_n under_o such_o strait_n that_o he_o become_v constrain_v to_o pawn_v his_o plate_n to_o supply_v his_o want_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o naval_a army_n be_v draw_v together_o and_o it_o be_v think_v the_o macedonian_n be_v now_o sufficient_o exercise_v and_o instruct_v in_o the_o management_n of_o the_o oar_n the_o king_n cause_v bread_n and_o pay_n to_o be_v distribute_v to_o the_o soldier_n embark_v with_o six_o thousand_o macedonian_n and_o twelve_o hundred_o mercenary_n and_o steer_v his_o course_n towards_o patroe_v where_o he_o arrive_v the_o next_o day_n after_o his_o departure_n from_o corinth_n about_o the_o same_o time_n dorimachus_n the_o aetolian_a praetor_n dispatch_v agelaus_n and_o scopas_n with_o five_o hundred_o new_a raise_v candiot_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o elean_n for_o these_o be_v under_o some_o apprehension_n that_o the_o king_n have_v some_o design_n on_o cyllene_n have_v take_v foreign_a troop_n into_o their_o pay_n and_o levy_v other_o of_o their_o own_o subject_n and_o take_v care_n to_o fortify_v and_o
fear_n wherefore_o he_o prevail_v with_o the_o king_n and_o those_o about_o he_o to_o consent_v that_o cleomenes_n may_v be_v take_v into_o custody_n and_o the_o better_a to_o compass_v his_o purpose_n he_o make_v use_v of_o a_o occasion_n we_o shall_v now_o relate_v there_o chance_v to_o be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o these_o part_n a_o certain_a messenian_a call_v nicagoras_n who_o have_v be_v a_o old_a friend_n of_o the_o father_n of_o archidamus_n king_n of_o sparta_n and_o albeit_o with_o archidamus_n himself_o he_o have_v not_o have_v that_o intimacy_n nevertheless_o upon_o his_o leave_v the_o city_n out_o of_o fear_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o retire_v to_o messena_n nicagoras_n do_v not_o only_o hospitable_o receive_v he_o into_o his_o house_n and_o supply_v he_o with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a but_o grow_v at_o length_n to_o cultivate_v a_o friendship_n with_o he_o equal_a to_o that_o which_o have_v be_v heretofore_o between_o he_o and_o his_o father_n wherefore_o when_o afterward_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o cleomenes_n have_v give_v archidamus_n some_o hope_n of_o his_o return_n and_o that_o there_o appear_v some_o likelihood_n of_o a_o accord_n nicagoras_n interpose_v his_o good_a office_n and_o act_v in_o the_o treaty_n between_o they_o after_o all_o thing_n seem_v to_o be_v adjust_v and_o that_o archidamus_n on_o the_o faith_n of_o nicagoras_n treaty_n be_v return_v and_o on_o his_o way_n to_o sparta_n he_o be_v intercept_v by_o cleomenes_n and_o slay_v but_o without_o any_o violence_n offer_v either_o to_o nicagoras_n who_o be_v in_o his_o company_n or_o any_o body_n else_o of_o his_o train_n wherefore_o nicagoras_n though_o he_o make_v public_a profession_n of_o his_o obligation_n to_o cleomenes_n for_o spare_v his_o life_n nevertheless_o he_o harbour_v in_o his_o mind_n resentment_n suitable_a to_o that_o outrage_n this_o nicagoras_n then_o come_v to_o alexandria_n to_o dispose_v of_o certain_a horse_n he_o have_v bring_v over_o as_o he_o be_v land_v meet_v with_o cleomenes_n who_o with_o panteus_n and_o hippitas_n be_v walk_v on_o the_o strand_n as_o soon_o as_o cleomenes_n know_v he_o he_o come_v and_o salute_v he_o in_o friendly_a manner_n demand_v what_o business_n have_v bring_v he_o thither_o and_o when_o he_o tell_v he_o he_o have_v bring_v over_o some_o horse_n to_o sell_v cleomenes_z reply_v that_o he_o will_v have_v make_v a_o better_a voyage_n if_o he_o have_v bring_v a_o cargo_n of_o buffoon_n and_o beautiful_a boy_n for_o that_o the_o present_a king_n like_v that_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n much_o better_a at_o which_o say_v nicagoras_n smile_v reply_v little_a but_o a_o while_n after_o come_v to_o have_v some_o discourse_n with_o sosibius_n about_o the_o disposal_n of_o his_o horse_n he_o tell_v he_o what_o cleomenes_n have_v say_v not_o without_o design_n of_o do_v he_o a_o ill_a office_n at_o court_n and_o perceive_v sosibius_n please_v with_o the_o relation_n he_o proceed_v to_o reveal_v to_o he_o the_o subject_a of_o his_o hatred_n and_o the_o aversion_n he_o bear_v to_o cleomenes_n sosibius_n come_v thus_o to_o discover_v that_o nicagoras_n be_v a_o enemy_n to_o cleomenes_n prevail_v with_o he_o by_o gift_n and_o promise_n to_o write_v a_o letter_n to_o he_o contain_v accusation_n against_o cleomenes_n which_o letter_n shall_v be_v lest_o with_o one_o of_o his_o servant_n on_o his_o departure_n to_o be_v by_o he_o bring_v some_o day_n after_o as_o if_o nicagoras_n have_v dispatch_v he_o for_o that_o purpose_n according_o asleep_o letter_n be_v write_v and_o the_o matter_n conduct_v as_o have_v be_v agree_v and_o as_o soon_o as_o nicagoras_n be_v go_v the_o messenger_n bring_v the_o letter_n to_o sosibius_n which_o together_o with_o the_o bearer_n he_o immediate_o carry_v to_o the_o king_n the_o content_n be_v that_o in_o case_n cleomenes_n be_v not_o speedy_o dispatch_v with_o a_o body_n of_o troop_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o his_o enterprise_n he_o will_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o great_a trouble_n in_o the_o kingdom_n this_o than_o be_v the_o engine_n whereby_o sosibius_n wrought_v with_o the_o king_n and_o his_o creature_n to_o determine_v on_o put_v cleomenes_n under_o confinement_n and_o secure_v he_o with_o a_o good_a guard_n whereupon_o he_o be_v secure_v have_v a_o large_a house_n appoint_v he_o for_o his_o prison_n which_o differ_v from_o other_o in_o nothing_o but_o that_o it_o be_v more_o spacious_a and_o now_o cleomenes_n perceive_v there_o be_v no_o hope_n leave_v he_o resolve_v however_o to_o attempt_v his_o enlargement_n by_o all_o the_o way_n he_o can_v imagine_v whereby_o to_o compass_v it_o not_o that_o he_o see_v how_o it_o can_v probable_o be_v effect_v be_v destitute_a of_o all_o necessary_a mean_n to_o put_v his_o purpose_n in_o execution_n at_o least_o he_o resolve_v to_o die_v like_o himself_o and_o never_o yield_v to_o stain_v that_o virtue_n which_o have_v render_v he_o so_o considerable_a in_o the_o world_n and_o i_o be_o ready_a to_o believe_v he_o have_v his_o mind_n prepossess_v and_o set_v before_o his_o eye_n what_o all_o great_a man_n do_v in_o the_o like_a exigency_n to_o urge_v their_o fate_n with_o safety_n to_o their_o fame_n and_o to_o posterity_n consign_v a_o name_n cleomenes_z then_o be_v inform_v of_o the_o king_n purpose_n to_o make_v a_o progress_n to_o canopus_n contrive_v to_o have_v it_o bruit_v among_o his_o guard_n that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v speedy_o set_v at_o liberty_n and_o on_o that_o pretext_n he_o cause_v provision_n to_o be_v make_v for_o a_o great_a entertainment_n to_o those_o of_o his_o family_n send_v to_o his_o guard_n plenty_n of_o meat_n and_o wine_n garland_n of_o flower_n etc._n etc._n insomuch_o that_o the_o soldier_n drink_v too_o plentiful_o he_o take_v that_o occasion_n about_o midday_n to_o escape_v out_o of_o prison_n with_o all_o his_o domestic_n in_o his_o company_n who_o with_o their_o draw_a sword_n meet_v in_o the_o marketplace_n with_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o town_n they_o throw_v he_o out_o of_o his_o chariot_n and_o kill_v he_o on_o the_o place_n amid_o his_o guard_n who_o stand_v astonish_v at_o the_o boldness_n of_o the_o action_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n cry_v liberty_n liberty_n as_o they_o pass_v along_o but_o when_o they_o see_v none_o appoach_v to_o join_v they_o all_o people_n stand_v amaze_v at_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o enterprise_n they_o then_o betake_v they_o towards_o the_o castle_n with_o design_n to_o set_v all_o the_o prisoner_n at_o liberty_n and_o to_o make_v use_n of_o their_o assistance_n but_o those_o who_o command_v in_o that_o fortress_n suspect_v their_o purpose_n and_o strengthen_v the_o guard_n and_o secure_v the_o gate_n whereupon_o cleomenes_n and_o his_o follower_n see_v now_o no_o hope_n on_o that_o side_n turn_v their_o sword_n on_o each_o other_o and_o so_o generous_o die_v and_o as_o one_o may_v say_v laconian-like_a thus_o fall_v cleomenes_n a_o personage_n most_o agreeable_a and_o admirable_o gift_v for_o conversation_n but_o above_o all_o thing_n qualify_v for_o the_o conduct_n of_o great_a affair_n and_o in_o conclusion_n one_o who_o nature_n have_v endow_v with_o all_o the_o advantage_n requisite_a to_o a_o great_a captain_n and_o a_o king_n not_o long_o after_o theodotus_n a_o aetolian_a governor_n of_o the_o low_a syria_n revolt_v partly_o out_o of_o contempt_n of_o the_o king_n who_o lead_v so_o infamous_a a_o life_n and_o partly_o out_o of_o a_o apprehension_n of_o ill_a office_n do_v he_o by_o the_o great_a one_o at_o court_n some_o time_n before_o notwithstanding_o the_o good_a service_n he_o have_v do_v the_o king_n in_o many_o occasion_n and_o principal_o in_o the_o war_n against_o antiochus_n for_o the_o low_a syria_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v consider_v according_a to_o his_o merit_n that_o be_v command_v to_o come_v to_o court_n he_o there_o run_v great_a hazard_n of_o his_o life_n wherefore_o on_o these_o provocation_n theodotus_n resolve_v to_o apply_v himself_o to_o antiochus_n and_o to_o put_v the_o town_n of_o that_o country_n into_o his_o hand_n which_o overture_n be_v glad_o receive_v by_o that_o prince_n and_o the_o design_n soon_o after_o put_v in_o execution_n but_o that_o we_o may_v treat_v of_o the_o family_n of_o this_o prince_n in_o the_o same_o method_n we_o have_v do_v the_o last_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o go_v a_o little_a back_n and_o take_v our_o beginning_n from_o the_o time_n of_o antiochus_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n we_o shall_v descend_v to_o the_o subject_a of_o the_o war_n whereof_o we_o purpose_v to_o treat_v antiochus_n the_o young_a then_o be_v the_o son_n of_o seleucus_n who_o be_v surname_v callinicus_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n and_o the_o accession_n of_o his_o elder_a brother_n to_o the_o crown_n go_v into_o the_o upper_a asia_n where_o he_o hold_v his_o
slay_v about_o seven_o hundred_o mysian_n of_o his_o party_n and_o compel_v the_o rest_n to_o retire_v after_o this_o repulse_n achoeus_n and_o garsyere_n return_v to_o the_o camp_n while_o the_o selgâ—ans_n doubt_v danger_n from_o a_o sedition_n within_o the_o town_n the_o enemy_n be_v still_o at_o hand_n send_v out_o some_o of_o their_o grave_a inhabitant_n to_o treat_v with_o achoeus_n who_o at_o length_n accord_v they_o peace_n on_o the_o follow_a condition_n that_o they_o shall_v pay_v down_o present_o four_o hundred_o talent_n that_o the_o pednelissâ—an_a prisoner_n shall_v be_v enlarge_v and_o that_o within_o a_o certain_a space_n they_o shall_v pay_v further_o three_o hundred_o talent_n thus_o the_o selgians_n be_v reduce_v to_o manifest_a danger_n of_o lose_v their_o country_n by_o the_o treachery_n of_o logbasis_n have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o rescue_v it_o by_o their_o resolution_n without_o stain_v their_o liberty_n or_o violate_v the_o alliance_n in_o which_o they_o be_v engage_v with_o the_o lacedoemonian_o achoeus_n have_v reduce_v the_o country_n of_o milyas_n to_o his_o dominion_n and_o part_n of_o pamphylia_n march_v to_o sardis_n where_o he_o wage_v war_n with_o attalus_n menace_v also_o prusias_n become_v formidable_a to_o all_o the_o asian_o inhabit_v on_o this_o side_n mount_n taurus_n but_o while_o he_o be_v divert_v by_o the_o war_n with_o the_o selgians_n attalus_n have_v with_o he_o the_o gaul_n aegosages_n or_o tectosages_n lead_v his_o army_n to_o the_o town_n of_o aeolia_n and_o other_o in_o that_o neighbourhood_n who_o out_o of_o fear_n have_v submit_v to_o achoeus_n the_o great_a part_n of_o which_o town_n yield_v themselves_o up_o who_o he_o receive_v with_o gentleness_n will_v they_o to_o understand_v it_o in_o effect_n of_o his_o grace_n and_o goodness_n nor_o be_v there_o many_o which_o exercise_v his_o arm_n to_o reduce_v they_o the_o principal_a place_n that_o submit_v be_v cuma_n smyrna_n phocoea_n and_o in_o short_a the_o aegoean_n and_o the_o lemnite_n terrify_v at_o his_o arrival_n submit_v the_o teii_n and_o colophonii_n also_o apply_v to_o he_o by_o their_o ambassador_n and_o put_v themselves_o and_o town_n under_o his_o protection_n after_o he_o have_v receive_v these_o people_n according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o ancient_a league_n and_o have_v likewise_o receive_v their_o hostage_n he_o entertain_v the_o smyrnian_a ambassador_n with_o singular_a benignity_n for_o indeed_o that_o people_n have_v above_o all_o other_o distinguish_v themselves_o by_o a_o generous_a fidelity_n towards_o he_o from_o thence_o he_o continue_v his_o march_n and_o have_v past_o the_o river_n lycus_n he_o come_v to_o the_o town_n inhabit_v by_o the_o mysian_o and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o country_n of_o the_o carsenses_n and_o in_o short_a spread_v so_o much_o fear_n among_o they_o that_o the_o garrison_n of_o didyma-tiche_n where_o themistocles_n have_v be_v leave_v governor_n by_o achoeus_n deliver_v up_o the_o two_o castle_n from_o thence_o he_o march_v and_o spoil_v the_o land_n of_o apioe_n and_o pass_v the_o mountain_n pelecas_n he_o come_v and_o encamp_v near_o the_o river_n megistus_n here_o there_o happen_v a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n the_o gaul_n who_o can_v no_o long_o bear_v the_o toil_n of_o so_o tedious_a a_o march_n for_o they_o go_v with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n travel_v in_o wagon_n along_o with_o they_o conceive_v the_o eclipse_n to_o be_v ominous_a come_v to_o a_o resolution_n to_o march_v no_o further_o whereupon_o though_o they_o be_v a_o people_n of_o no_o use_n in_o attack_n and_o have_v all_o along_o during_o their_o march_n encamp_v by_o themselves_o be_v subject_a to_o no_o discipline_n and_o be_v a_o proud_a and_o refractory_a nation_n nevertheless_o the_o king_n be_v in_o pain_n what_o to_o resolve_v about_o they_o for_o he_o be_v doubtful_a if_o he_o shall_v dismiss_v they_o leâ—t_v they_o shall_v take_v arm_n under_o achoeus_n and_o that_o to_o punish_v their_o insolence_n by_o destroy_v they_o will_v redound_v to_o his_o discredit_n they_o have_v pass_v over_o into_o asia_n out_o of_o respect_n to_o he_o wherefore_o he_o take_v that_o occasion_n for_o his_o return_n after_o he_o have_v promise_v to_o conduct_v they_o safe_a to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v and_o assure_v they_o of_o land_n wherein_o to_o plant_v and_o that_o he_o will_v at_o no_o time_n refuse_v to_o comply_v with_o any_o of_o their_o reasonable_a demand_n but_o do_v they_o all_o the_o good_a office_n in_o his_o power_n so_o after_o he_o have_v lead_v his_o gaul_n to_o the_o hellespont_n and_o treat_v those_o of_o lampsacus_n the_o alexandrian_n and_o illians_n with_o great_a respect_n they_o have_v continue_v firm_a in_o their_o fidelity_n he_o return_v with_o his_o army_n to_o pergamus_n it_o be_v now_o early_o in_o the_o spring_n when_o antiochus_n and_o ptolemy_n have_v make_v all_o necessary_a provision_n for_o the_o war_n be_v arrive_v at_o the_o conjuncture_n of_o decide_v their_o controversy_n by_o battle_n ptolemy_n march_v from_o alexandria_n with_o a_o army_n of_o seventy_o thousand_o foot_n five_o thousand_o horse_n and_o seventy_o three_o elephant_n while_o antiochus_n receive_v intelligence_n of_o the_o enemy_n advance_v assemble_v also_o his_o troop_n his_o army_n consist_v of_o daoean_n carmanian_o and_o cilician_o who_o be_v light-armed_a these_o be_v command_v by_o byttachus_n the_o macedonian_a theodotus_n the_o aetolian_a who_o have_v desert_v and_o betray_v the_o affair_n of_o ptolemy_n be_v place_v at_o the_o head_n of_o twenty_o thousand_o man_n arm_v after_o the_o macedonian_a manner_n choose_a troop_n and_o carry_v for_o the_o most_o part_n silver_v buckler_n the_o phalanx_n be_v compose_v of_o about_o twenty_o thousand_o which_o be_v conduct_v by_o nicarchus_n and_o theodotus_n surname_v hemiolius_n menedemus_n the_o alabandine_n lead_v two_o thousand_o archer_n and_o slinger_n with_o who_o be_v mingle_v a_o thousand_o thracian_n there_o be_v likewise_o mede_n cyssians_n caddusians_n and_o caramanian_o to_o the_o number_n of_o five_o thousand_o who_o be_v order_v to_o obey_v aspasianus_n the_o median_a the_o arabian_n and_o other_o of_o the_o neighbour-nation_n compose_v a_o body_n of_o above_o ten_o thousand_o who_o chief_a be_v zabdiphilus_n the_o greek_a mercenary_n amount_v to_o five_o thousand_o and_o at_o the_o head_n of_o these_o be_v place_v hippolochus_n the_o thessalian_a antiochus_n have_v likewise_o five_o hundred_o candiot_n command_v by_o eurylochus_n and_o a_o thousand_o new-raised_a man_n of_o the_o same_o country_n who_o leader_n be_v zebes_n the_o gortynian_a there_o be_v also_o five_o hundred_o lydian_a slinger_n and_o a_o thousand_o cardacean_n who_o have_v over_o they_o lysimachus_z the_o gaul_n the_o horse_n consist_v of_o about_o six_o thousand_o four_o thousand_o of_o which_o obey_v antipater_n the_o king_n nephew_n the_o rest_n be_v lead_v by_o themison_n in_o conclusion_n the_o army_n of_o antiochus_n consist_v of_o seventy_o two_o thousand_o foot_n the_o horse_n above-noted_n and_o a_o hundred_o and_o two_o elephant_n ptolemy_n first_o march_v to_o pelusium_n where_o he_o encamp_v and_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o rear_n be_v come_v up_o and_o he_o have_v distribute_v bread_n to_o the_o army_n he_o prosecute_v his_o march_n through_o a_o country_n destitute_a of_o water_n along_o the_o mountain_n casius_n pass_v by_o a_o place_n call_v barathra_n when_o he_o arrive_v at_o gaza_n he_o draw_v out_o a_o detachment_n with_o which_o he_o march_v and_o advance_v before_o the_o army_n without_o any_o apprehension_n of_o impediment_n the_o five_o day_n he_o come_v to_o a_o place_n where_o he_o purpose_v to_o halt_v encamp_v about_o fifty_o furlong_n from_o raphia_n this_o be_v the_o first_o city_n of_o the_o low_a syria_n after_o rhinocorura_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o way_n from_o egypt_n into_o that_o country_n antiochus_n at_o the_o same_o time_n advance_v with_o his_o army_n and_o pass_v by_o raphia_n he_o encamp_v by_o night_n about_o ten_o furlong_n from_o the_o enemy_n for_o a_o while_n their_o camp_n stand_v at_o this_o distance_n one_o from_o another_o but_o short_o after_o antiochus_z decamp_v and_o come_v and_o lodge_v near_o the_o enemy_n as_o well_o to_o better_v the_o convenience_n of_o his_o army_n abode_n as_o to_o hearten_v the_o soldier_n so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o now_o above_o five_o furlong_n space_n between_o their_o two_o camp_n insomuch_o that_o those_o who_o go_v to_o water_n and_o march_v out_o to_o forage_v have_v frequent_a rencounter_n and_o often_o by_o party_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n pickeer_v between_o their_o camp_n here_o theodotus_n give_v a_o instance_n of_o aetolian_a resolution_n and_o indeed_o worthy_a of_o a_o true_o fearless_a man_n for_o have_v reside_v heretofore_o in_o ptolomy_n court_n and_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o way_n and_o manner_n of_o that_o prince_n he_o get_v a_o little_a before_o daybreak_n into_o
chrysogonus_n return_v with_o his_o macedonian_n he_o march_v and_o come_v in_o six_o day_n to_o larissa_n from_o whence_o continue_v his_o march_n night_n and_o day_n with_o repose_v as_o little_a as_o possible_a by_o the_o way_n he_o come_v before_o melitea_n which_o place_n he_o attempt_v to_o take_v by_o scalade_n while_o those_o within_o be_v so_o terrify_v at_o a_o attack_z so_o surprise_v that_o he_o have_v master_v the_o town_n with_o little_a difficulty_n have_v not_o their_o ladder_n be_v too_o short_a in_o which_o matter_n their_o officer_n be_v great_o to_o blame_v for_o what_o be_v more_o reproachable_a than_o to_o come_v rash_o to_o the_o assault_n of_o a_o town_n or_o fortress_n without_o preparation_n of_o every_o necessary_a thing_n as_o a_o right_a knowledge_n of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o the_o like_a proper_a information_n whereby_o to_o strengthen_v their_o assurance_n of_o success_n who_o will_v not_o therefore_o condemn_v these_o of_o negligence_n and_o want_n of_o foresight_n or_o have_v themselves_o take_v wrong_a measure_n and_o commit_v it_o to_o other_o to_o pursue_v their_o mistake_n in_o provide_v ladder_n and_o other_o machine_n which_o be_v contriuâ—d_v and_o prepare_v without_o difficulty_n and_o be_v of_o indispensible_a use_n in_o such_o erterprise_n who_o i_o say_v can_v excuse_v they_o of_o be_v author_n of_o their_o own_o shame_n and_o reproach_n who_o conceive_v such_o order_n and_o what_o be_v more_o certain_a than_o to_o see_v in_o these_o occasion_n every_o omission_n of_o our_o duty_n punish_v for_o the_o error_n be_v no_o soon_o commit_v when_o we_o see_v the_o damage_n and_o feel_v the_o effect_n which_o appear_v in_o divers_a manner_n first_o the_o brave_a and_o most_o forward_a man_n be_v hereby_o most_o expose_v who_o be_v by_o this_o mean_v compel_v to_o retire_v the_o enemy_n recover_v heart_n and_o attack_n they_o with_o assurance_n and_o pursue_v they_o with_o advantage_n this_o be_v confirm_v by_o infinite_a example_n for_o of_o those_o who_o be_v force_v to_o retire_v in_o such_o occasion_n we_o shall_v find_v more_o to_o perish_v and_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o utmost_a peril_n than_o to_o escape_v and_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o such_o as_o act_v thus_o weak_o contract_v to_o themselves_o the_o misfortune_n of_o never_o be_v afterward_o trust_v incur_v a_o last_a hatred_n among_o the_o soldier_n and_o teach_v the_o enemy_n to_o be_v more_o on_o his_o guard_n and_o such_o error_n do_v not_o only_o admonish_v the_o spectator_n how_o to_o improve_v they_o but_o afford_v instruction_n to_o those_o who_o hear_v the_o relation_n wherefore_o all_o officer_n and_o leader_n who_o shall_v be_v engage_v in_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o like_a erterprise_n be_v hereby_o teach_v to_o proceed_v more_o regardful_o nor_o be_v it_o difficult_a by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o very_a little_a science_n to_o be_v master_n of_o the_o mean_n whereby_o to_o compass_v exact_o such_o height_n and_o measure_n as_o import_v we_o to_o know_v with_o assurance_n when_o we_o have_v such_o design_n to_o prosecute_v but_o let_v we_o resume_v our_o discourse_n refer_v to_o another_o place_n what_o we_o purpose_v to_o deliver_v for_o the_o instruction_n of_o those_o who_o will_v not_o be_v deceive_v when_o they_o engage_v in_o action_n of_o this_o nature_n king_n philip_n hopeless_a of_o succeed_v in_o his_o purpose_n here_o draw_v off_o and_o encamp_v his_o army_n along_o the_o river_n enipeus_n order_v to_o be_v bring_v from_o larissa_n and_o the_o other_o town_n all_o such_o store_n and_o provision_n of_o war_n as_o during_o the_o winter_n he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v provide_v for_o the_o service_n of_o sieges_n and_o attacking_z of_o town_n his_o main_a design_n in_o the_o expedition_n be_v to_o attempt_v the_o city_n of_o thebes_n call_v phthiotis_n this_o place_n be_v situate_a near_o the_o sea_n distant_a about_o eight_o and_o thirty_o mile_n from_o larissa_n it_o be_v a_o frontier_n of_o magnesia_n and_o thessaly_n the_o territory_n border_n on_o magnesia_n on_o the_o side_n towards_o demetrias_n on_o thessaly_n towards_o that_o quarter_n that_o be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o pharsalian_o and_o pheroean_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o aetolian_n be_v now_o master_n of_o that_o country_n and_o from_o thence_o make_v incessant_a inroad_n they_o great_o annoy_v those_o of_o demetrius_n the_o pharsalian_o and_o larissoean_n spoil_v and_o plunder_v as_o far_o as_o a_o place_n call_v the_o field_n of_o amyricus_n wherefore_o philip_n conclude_v the_o enterprise_n to_o be_v worth_a his_o while_n resolve_v to_o spare_v no_o application_n whereby_o to_o become_v master_n of_o that_o place_n in_o order_n to_o which_o he_o have_v provide_v a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o extraordinary_a catapult_n and_o five_o and_o twenty_o other_o engine_n for_o cast_v of_o stone_n and_o so_o march_v and_o sit_v down_o before_o thebes_n and_o form_v his_o army_n into_o three_o division_n take_v possession_n of_o the_o near_a post_n to_o the_o town_n one_o division_n be_v post_v on_o the_o ground_n near_o scopius_fw-la another_o about_o heliotropius_fw-la and_o the_o three_o possess_v a_o eminence_n that_o look_v into_o the_o town_n these_o three_o camp_n he_o unite_v by_o line_n of_o communication_n which_o he_o fortify_v with_o wooden_a redoubt_n stand_v at_o about_o a_o hundred_o pace_n distant_a one_o from_o another_o wherein_o he_o place_v good_a guard_n for_o their_o defence_n then_o secure_v all_o his_o store_n and_o equipage_n of_o war_n in_o one_o place_n he_o cause_v his_o machine_n to_z be_v draw_v out_o during_o the_o first_o three_o day_n the_o inhabitant_n show_v great_a assurance_n by_o the_o brave_a resistance_n they_o make_v whereby_o the_o work_v advance_v but_o little_a but_o after_o by_o incessant_a attack_n which_o keep_v they_o continual_o in_o action_n and_o a_o mighty_a number_n of_o dart_n and_o stone_n that_o have_v be_v cast_v into_o the_o town_n whereby_o the_o better_a half_n of_o the_o besiege_a be_v either_o kill_v or_o wound_v their_o resolution_n begin_v to_o fail_v and_o the_o macedonian_n with_o more_o success_n advance_v with_o their_o mine_n howbeit_o though_o they_o wrought_v with_o their_o utmost_a diligence_n they_o be_v five_o day_n gain_v the_o foot_n of_o the_o wall_n the_o ground_n prove_v so_o difficult_a but_o in_o the_o end_n by_o work_v without_o intermission_n night_n and_o day_n relieve_v each_o other_o by_o party_n they_o have_v sapped_a about_o two_o hundred_o pace_n of_o the_o wall_n which_o they_o sustain_v by_o strong_a post_n or_o prop_n of_o timber_n but_o it_o so_o happen_v that_o these_o prop_n be_v not_o of_o sufficient_a strength_n to_o sustain_v the_o burden_n the_o wall_n fall_v before_o the_o macedonian_n can_v apply_v fire_n to_o consume_v they_o as_o be_v their_o custom_n then_o they_o wrought_v a_o mine_n under_o the_o ruin_n to_o make_v a_o passage_n into_o the_o town_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o theban_n perceive_v the_o enemy_n prepare_v to_o force_v their_o entrance_n they_o yield_v philip_n by_o this_o success_n have_v secure_v the_o frontier_n of_o thessaly_n and_o magnesia_n and_o take_v much_o booty_n from_o the_o aetolian_n his_o army_n come_v then_o to_o confess_v that_o leontius_n have_v just_o suffer_v for_o it_o be_v now_o evident_a that_o he_o have_v not_o do_v his_o duty_n as_o he_o ought_v with_o the_o strength_n he_o have_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o palaea_n philip_n thus_o become_v master_n of_o thebes_n sell_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o repeopling_a it_o with_o a_o colony_n of_o macedonian_n change_v its_o name_n to_o philippi_n thus_o have_v succeed_v in_o all_o his_o erterprise_n new_a ambassador_n come_v to_o he_o to_o treat_v about_o a_o peace_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o rhodian_o also_o from_o chios_n the_o byzantine_n and_o from_o ptolemy_n himself_o but_o philip_n reply_v as_o he_o have_v do_v before_o that_o he_o hold_v the_o same_o disposition_n to_o give_v a_o period_n to_o the_o war_n will_v they_o to_o apply_v to_o the_o aetolian_n to_o know_v their_o purpose_n but_o that_o in_o the_o interim_n he_o be_v resolve_v to_o pursue_v his_o erterprise_n in_o order_n to_o which_o receive_v intelligence_n that_o the_o ship_n of_o scerdilaidas_n infest_a the_o sea_n about_o malea_n that_o they_o treat_v all_o the_o trading-vessel_n as_o enemy_n and_o that_o contrary_a to_o the_o treaty_n they_o have_v seize_v some_o of_o his_o own_o subject_n ship_n in_o the_o port_n of_o leucas_n he_o therefore_o embarking_a on_o the_o euripus_n with_o a_o fleet_n of_o fifty_o sail_v great_a and_o small_a some_o equip_v for_o war_n other_o vessel_n of_o burden_n with_o this_o force_n pursue_v with_o great_a diligence_n the_o illyrian_n persevere_v in_o his_o purpose_n to_o press_v the_o war_n against_o the_o aetolian_n be_v yet_o total_o ignorant_a of_o occurrence_n in_o italy_n for_o about_o the_o
example_n of_o great_a judgement_n and_o wisdom_n take_v his_o leave_n and_o depart_v from_o carthage_n foresee_v as_o it_o be_v that_o the_o service_n he_o have_v do_v they_o be_v a_o stranger_n as_o it_o be_v too_o great_a for_o a_o reward_n so_o it_o will_v soon_o contract_v he_o both_o envy_n and_o danger_n which_o a_o native_a by_o the_o power_n of_o interest_n relation_n and_o friendship_n will_v be_v better_a able_a to_o avoid_v while_o another_o will_v stand_v expose_v to_o ruin_n there_o be_v author_n who_o render_v a_o different_a account_n of_o xantippus_n departure_n whereof_o mention_n shall_v be_v make_v in_o a_o fit_a place_n and_o now_o the_o roman_n have_v receive_v a_o account_n of_o the_o posture_n of_o their_o affair_n in_o africa_n so_o contrary_a to_o their_o expectation_n apply_v themselves_o with_o all_o diligence_n to_o the_o repair_n and_o equip_v their_o fleet_n and_o to_o rescue_v out_o of_o danger_n those_o who_o have_v escape_v from_o the_o battle_n while_o the_o carthaginian_n do_v their_o utmost_a to_o reduce_v they_o and_o get_v they_o into_o their_o power_n to_o which_o end_n they_o march_v to_o aspis_n and_o besiege_v it_o but_o the_o garrison_n make_v so_o brave_a and_o obstinate_a a_o defence_n that_o after_o the_o enemy_n have_v attempt_v their_o utmost_a to_o gain_v it_o they_o be_v force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n when_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v receive_v advice_n that_o the_o roman_n be_v sit_v out_o a_o fresh_a fleet_n to_o attack_v they_o again_o they_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o refitting_a such_o of_o their_o vessel_n as_o be_v out_o of_o repair_n and_o to_o build_v new_a one_o to_o reinforce_v their_o navy_n and_o have_v equip_v and_o get_v together_o in_o a_o few_o day_n a_o fleet_n of_o about_o two_o hundred_o sail_n they_o resolve_v to_o put_v to_o sea_n and_o attempt_v to_o prevent_v the_o enemy_n descent_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o roman_n have_v make_v ready_a early_o in_o the_o spring_n a_o fleet_n of_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o sail_n and_o embarking_a their_o army_n under_o the_o command_n of_o their_o new_a consul_n m._n aemilius_n and_o servius_n fulvius_n and_o stand_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o sicily_n towards_o africa_n they_o meet_v and_o fight_v off_o of_o cape_n mercury_n with_o the_o carthaginian_a fleet_n which_o be_v not_o able_a to_o sustain_v the_o first_o shock_n but_o be_v entire_o beat_v lose_v in_o the_o engagement_n and_o hundred_o and_o fourteen_o of_o their_o vessel_n and_o all_o that_o be_v in_o they_o to_o the_o roman_n who_o afterward_o prosecute_a their_o course_n arrive_v at_o aspis_n where_o take_v their_o man_n on_o board_n that_o remain_v in_o africa_n they_o shape_v their_o course_n back_o to_o sicily_n and_o be_v well_o advance_v on_o their_o way_n they_o be_v surprise_v off_o of_o camarina_n with_o so_o dreadful_a a_o tempest_n that_o the_o loss_n and_o hardship_n they_o sustain_v be_v without_o example_n and_o beyond_o expression_n so_o terrible_a it_o be_v that_o of_o three_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o odd_a vessel_n that_o compose_v their_o fleet_n fourscore_o only_a escape_v shipwreck_n the_o rest_n be_v either_o founder_v in_o the_o sea_n or_o be_v lose_v and_o break_v against_o the_o rock_n that_o whole_a coast_n be_v cover_v with_o dead_a body_n and_o strew_v with_o the_o ruin_n and_o fragment_n of_o their_o ship_n insomuch_o as_o history_n afford_v no_o example_n of_o the_o like_a dreadful_a disaster_n and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o this_o calamity_n be_v not_o owe_v so_o much_o to_o fortune_n as_o to_o the_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o consul_n for_o the_o pilot_n endeavour_v to_o obviate_v the_o hazard_n they_o shall_v be_v expose_v to_o by_o navigate_a on_o that_o coast_n of_o sicily_n which_o border_n on_o the_o african_a sea_n there_o be_v there_o not_o only_a no_o harbour_n to_o succour_v vessel_n in_o distress_n but_o the_o season_n too_o of_o the_o year_n be_v now_o improper_a for_o by_o observation_n of_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o orion_n and_o the_o dog-star_n they_o compute_v and_o know_v the_o safe_a season_n for_o navigation_n but_o the_o consul_n contemn_v their_o counsel_n stand_v bold_o out_o to_o sea_n in_o hope_n that_o after_o this_o signal_n victory_n their_o appear_v sudden_o on_o the_o coast_n may_v terrify_v many_o town_n and_o awe_v they_o to_o submission_n but_o their_o folly_n be_v chastise_v by_o this_o memorable_a loss_n which_o they_o sustain_v upon_o a_o motive_n much_o too_o little_a for_o the_o hazard_n the_o roman_n have_v indeed_o this_o inflexibility_n of_o mind_n peculiar_a to_o they_o believe_v that_o whatsoever_o they_o have_v resolve_v and_o determine_v to_o undertake_v aught_o to_o be_v indispensable_o perform_v and_o they_o have_v establish_v it_o into_o a_o principle_n that_o what_o they_o once_o have_v decree_v to_o execute_v can_v be_v impossible_a to_o bring_v to_o pass_v the_o effect_n indeed_o of_o a_o generous_a obstinacy_n but_o the_o cause_n oftentimes_o of_o their_o fall_n into_o pernicious_a error_n and_o misfortune_n and_o their_o sustain_a unspeakable_a loss_n especial_o in_o their_o naval-expedition_n as_o to_o their_o exploit_n by_o land_n where_o the_o encounter_n be_v only_a man_n to_o man_n their_o courage_n frequent_o conduct_n they_o to_o the_o success_n they_o propose_v by_o reason_n their_o adventure_n be_v with_o man_n like_o themselves_o and_o yet_o there_o want_v not_o example_n wherein_o their_o measure_n and_o force_n have_v fail_v and_o they_o have_v sink_v and_o miscarry_v under_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o enterprise_n but_o whenever_o by_o a_o temerarious_a audacity_n they_o act_n against_o these_o rage_a element_n and_o attempt_v to_o vanquish_v the_o sea_n and_o wind_n they_o be_v sure_a to_o reap_v no_o other_o fruit_n of_o their_o obstinacy_n than_o loss_n and_o calamity_n this_o we_o have_v now_o mention_v be_v a_o instance_n and_o they_o have_v heretofore_o smart_v by_o the_o like_a error_n and_o they_o shall_v always_o stand_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o disaster_n till_o they_o appear_v better_o advise_v and_o instruct_v in_o the_o weakness_n of_o that_o over_o wean_a presumption_n which_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o entertain_v in_o all_o their_o design_n vain_o imagine_v that_o both_o sea_n and_o land_n shall_v on_o all_o occasion_n consent_v and_o open_v their_o way_n to_o success_n in_o all_o their_o enterprise_n the_o carthaginian_n upon_o advice_n of_o this_o misfortune_n of_o the_o roman_n at_o sea_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o they_o shall_v now_o be_v a_o match_n for_o they_o by_o land_n whereunto_o they_o be_v persuade_v through_o the_o late_a victory_n they_o have_v gain_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v equal_a to_o they_o likewise_o by_o sea_n they_o have_v no_o doubt_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o late_a great_a loss_n by_o tempest_n howbeit_o they_o omit_v not_o to_o reinforce_v their_o strength_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n they_o dispatch_v asdrubal_n into_o sicily_n to_o who_o beside_o the_o force_n already_o there_o they_o order_v a_o far_a supply_n of_o troop_n out_o of_o those_o that_o be_v late_o draw_v out_o of_o heraclea_n together_o with_o a_o hundred_o and_o forty_o elephant_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o depart_v but_o they_o send_v after_o he_o two_o hundred_o vessel_n lade_v with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o war_n asdrubal_n be_v safe_o arrive_v at_o lilybaeum_n apply_v himself_o with_o diligence_n to_o exercise_n and_o discipline_n his_o troop_n and_o elephant_n intend_v to_o spread_v his_o arm_n all_o over_o the_o country_n and_o to_o make_v himself_o entire_a master_n of_o the_o field_n as_o for_o the_o roman_n they_o be_v not_o without_o a_o very_a sensible_a sorrow_n when_o by_o those_o who_o have_v escape_v shipwreck_n they_o receive_v a_o account_n of_o the_o mighty_a loss_n they_o have_v sustain_v at_o sea_n nevertheless_o be_v determine_v not_o to_o yield_v the_o advantage_n to_o the_o enemy_n they_o order_v a_o new_a fleet_n to_o be_v speedy_o build_v to_o consist_v of_o two_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o sail_n which_o fleet_n a_o wonderful_a and_o incredible_a thing_n to_o relate_v be_v complete_o build_v and_o finish_v in_o the_o space_n of_o three_o month_n on_o which_o the_o new_a consul_n aulus_n atilius_n and_o c._n cornelius_n speedy_o embark_v who_o after_o have_v pass_v the_o straight_a and_o touch_v at_o messina_n to_o take_v with_o they_o the_o vessel_n that_o have_v be_v save_v in_o the_o late_a storm_n shape_v their_o course_n for_o palermo_n with_o a_o naval-army_n consist_v of_o three_o hundred_o sail_n and_o forthwith_o sit_v down_o and_o besiege_v that_o place_n which_o then_o be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o sicily_n they_o make_v their_o attack_n in_o two_o several_a place_n and_o when_o their_o work_n be_v advance_v to_o their_o mind_n they_o approach_v with_o their_o
engine_n of_o battery_n by_o which_o a_o tower_n or_o work_n stand_v near_o the_o sea_n be_v quick_o and_o without_o much_o trouble_n demolish_v at_o which_o breach_n the_o soldier_n enter_v and_o take_v by_o assault_n and_o keep_v possession_n of_o that_o quarter_n of_o the_o city_n call_v the_o new_a town_n whereby_o the_o place_n itself_o be_v put_v into_o manifest_a danger_n but_o the_o inhabitant_n come_v seasonable_o in_o to_o the_o relief_n they_o advance_v no_o far_o so_o the_o consul_n after_o they_o have_v put_v a_o good_a garrison_n into_o the_o place_n they_o have_v take_v return_v back_o to_o rome_n early_o the_o next_o summer_n the_o new_a consul_n c._n servilius_n and_o c._n sempronius_n sail_v over_o to_o sicily_n with_o all_o their_o naval_a power_n and_o from_o thence_o soon_o after_o stand_v for_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n where_o they_o make_v several_a descent_n but_o perform_v nothing_o of_o moment_n at_o length_n arrive_v at_o the_o island_n of_o the_o 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