Ocean Hamburgh are first Hamburgh on the Bill where it falls into the Elve one of the Hanse-Towns also having by report as many great Ships as sayl upon the Ocean which bring great profit besides the resort of Merchants from most places It was sometimes the Staple Town for the Cloth of England on some discontent removed from thence to Stadt a little nearer the Sea on the same River from thence afterwards to Holland Next Bremen seated on the broad and navigable River Weser whence comes store of Linnen Cloth called from a Town not far thence Osenbridge Then Emden a good Haven and well traded Town which yearly sends out 700 Busses for the Herring-fishing on the Coasts of England Alongst the Shores for the most part belonging to the States of Holland Holland lie several Islands the chief whereof are Ameland Schelling Holland Fly-land Texel Weringen Voorn Yselmond Overflaccee Schowen Duveland Tertolen North-Beverland South-Beverland and Walcheren The chief Ports and Places are Amsterdam a very fair Haven situate on the Gulf called the Tye and the Channel or Dike Amstel whence Amsterdam built on Piles like Venice and much resembling it both in Trade and other Things a place stored with multitude of shipping inhabited by Men of all Nations and of all Religions Grown Famous and exceeding Wealthy since the diverting of the Trade from Antwerp hither Horn Enchuisen on the very Point of the Gulf of Zuider-Zee opposite to Friezeland Medemblick Scheidam Delf-haven Rotterdam on a Channel named the Rotter not far from which the Leck one of the three main Branches of the Rhine falleth into the Maes a strong fair and well-traded Port. The Brill in the Island Voorn once Cautionary to the English with the Town of Flushing Bergen ap Zome so called from the River Zome on which it is situate about half a league from the influx of it into the Scheld and not far from the Sea which gives it a reasonable good Haven Antwerp situate on the Scheld seventeen leagues from the Sea of so great Trade in former times that it was held to be the richest Empory of the Christian World the Commodities here Bought and Sold amounting to more in one month than those of Venice in two years the cause whereof was that the Portugals diverting the Alexandrian and Venetian Trade to Lisbon kept here their Factories and sent hither their Spices and Indian Commodities now almost removed by the Hellander to Amsterdam Middleburg Flushing Flanders the Key of the Netherlands Ostend Newport Dunkirck Graveling the last of Flanders On the Coast of France France alongst the English Channel are first Callice at the very entrance Deep a Town of Trade especially for the New-found-land Newhaven or Haverdegrace on the Mouth of the River Sein betwixt which and St. Maloes close by the Hag-point over against the Isle of Wight in England lyeth the Islands Aldernay or as the French Aurney Jersey Guernsey belong to the Crown of England and several other smaller Islands stoared with plenty of Syder and fine Wooll whereof they knit store of Stockings and Wastcoates St. Maloes Morlais ushant Brest seated on a spacious Bay of the Western Ocean the Key and Bulwark of Bretaign and the goodliest Harbour of all France Croisse a little Haven at the Mouth of the Loir not far below Nants whence store of the best and most noted Brandy Rochel a Town seated in the inner part of a fair and capacious Bay assured by two strong Forts betwixt which there is scarce more space than for a Ship to come in at once Over against which lyeth Oleron an Island yeelding great quantity of Salt in special fame for that the Maritine Laws which for near 500 years have generally been received by all the States of the Christian World which frequent the Ocean for regulating Sea Affairs and deciding of Maritine Controversies were declared and established here The Island being then in possession of the English from thence named the Laws of Oleron So powerful were the Kings of England in former times to give Laws to all that traded on the Ocean Burdeaux seated on the Garond not far from the Sea much frequented by English and Dutch for Gascoign Wines Bayon the last of France on this part of the Ocean On the Coast of Spain St. Sebastian Spain a noted and well-traded Port at the Mouth of the River Gurvineo beautified with a fair and capacious Haven defended with two strong Castles founded on two opposite Rocks Bilbao situate some two leagues from the Sea on a fair and deep Creek thereof Biscay this and indeed all the Coast of Biscay stored with such infinite quantities of Iron and Steel that no Countrey yeeldeth better or in greater plenty called for this cause the Armory of Spain exceedingly enriched by making of Armour and all sorts of Weapons their chief Manufacture the Bilbao Blades in such request being brought from thence besides great quantities of Wooll hence transported Corunna by us called the Groin often mentioned in our story of the Wars with the Spaniard in Queen Elizabeths time taken by the English not far from the Promontorie or Cape called Finis Terrae Cape Finis Terrae or Cape de Finis Terre being the most western end of the then known World Bayon not far from the Mouth of the River Minio full of Red Lead from hence called by the Latins Minium navigable with small Vessels 100 miles Porto Duero or Porto Port Portugal at the Mouth of the River Duero in the Kingdom of Portugal Lisbon upon the great River Tagus a famous City for Traffick the Portugals in all their Navigations setting sail from hence 'T is conveniently seated for Shipping and excepting the Court which is here kept inhabited chiefly by Mariners and Merchants which of their own Countrey growth trade in Honey Wine Oyl Allum Fruits Salt c. and from Brazil in America with great quantities of best and finest Sugar and many sorts of Drugs Setubal or St. Uves South of Lisbon situate on a Gulf of twenty miles in length and three in breadth a place of principal importance next to Lisbon Not far to the North-west of Cape Vincent there are certain Islands called the Azores in the Atlantick Ocean subject to the Crown of Portugal and opposite to the City of Lisbon from which distant 250 leagues situate between 38 and 40 degrees of North Latitude and one of them in the first longitude which is commonly reckoned from these Islands as being the most western part of the World before the discovery of America Azores They were so called from Azor in the Spanish Tongue signifying a Goshauk because multitudes were there at first found The names are these Tercera St. Michaels Fyal Gratiosa St. George Pice Corvo Flores Spain and St. Maries most of them stored with Flesh Fish and a sort of Wine not very good nor durable But the chief Commodity they send out is Woad
and in the top of the Adriatick Venice Venice standing upon seventy two little Islets but joyned together by many Bridges which are said to be 4000 at the least besides 10000 Boats for passage from Isle to Isle a strong beautiful and famous City once the most illustrious Empory of the World but much decayed in its Trade since the Passage by Sea was found to Persia and India by Cape bon Esprance On the Histrian and Dalmatian side of the Adriatick Dalmatia are these places and Sea-ports observable Triest or Tergestum whence the Bay adjoyning is so called Zara in Dalmatia enjoying a safe and large Port belonging to the State of Venice Sebenico Spalato Narento Cattaro at the bottom of the Gulf so called On the Coast of Greece Grecia over against Otranto in Italy lieth Vellona a Port Town fortified with a strong Castle Farther into the Jonian Sea lie several Islands first Corfu sufficiently fruitful but of Wine especially Caphalonia and Zant Cephalon Zant. Islands abounding in Oyl and Wine but especially in Currants which is the greatest trade of these Islands Larta on the Grecian Shore in a Gulf so called near the antient Ambracia the Regal Seat of King Pyrrbus near unto which is the Isle of St. Maure inhabited chiefly by Jews a little lower than which is the Gulf of Corinth called Lepanto from two Castles built on each side the entrance thereof called Castelli de Lepanto made famous by the memorable Sea-fight of the Turks and Christians Peleponesus Morea now Morea a Peninsula joyned to the Continent by a little neck of Land or Istmus at Corinth six miles over in breadth the pleasantest Countrey of all Greece abounding with all things necessary for life now in possession of the Turks and though no place hath suffered more ruine than this yet it is still the most populous of all Greece The chief places are Modon or Methone seated on the most southern part of the Peninsula a strong safe and convenient Harbour Coron the chief Town on the Bay of Messina Malvasia antiently Epidaurus noted for the abundance of delicate Wines called Malvesy or Malmsey sent hence into all parts Nauplia now Napoli giving name to the Bay so called To the South-east hereof lyeth that famous Island of Creet Candia now Candia from the chief Town so called abounding heretofore much more than now in Muscadel Wines Oyl Sugar Gums Honey and Fruits The People formerly good Seafaring Men subject to the Venetians till much rent from them by the Turk especially of late by the strong Town of Candia situate on the North Coast The next places of note whereof are Retimo and Canea commodious by its Haven called Porto del Suda In and about the Aegean Sea lie many Istands the most of note are Samothrace now Samandrachi Thassus or Tasso Imbrus now Lembro Lemnos the Merchandize whereof is that Mineral Earth called Terra Lemnia and Sigillata from the Seal or Character imprinted on it Eubaea now Negropont Archipe lago full of Harbours and capacious Bays Salaminis Egina or Engia the Cyclades so called because placed in a Circle called also the Arches the chief whereof are Delos Tenos Andros Naxos Gyares Paros Scyros Melos Seriphus Chia and several others in number fifty three The Sporades because scattered up and down the Archipelago in number twelve Lastly Cythera now Cerigo On the other side next Asia lie Tenedos Lesbos or Mitilene Chios Samos Coos Icaria Patmos now Palmosa Clares now Calamo Carpathes Rhodes memorable in the hard and long Siege of the Turks before it was taken In this mentioned Sea on the Continent Shores of Greece and Thrace are observable first Athens now called Setines so famously heretofore memorable now an ordinary Burrough Next Thessalonica now Salonichi at the bottom of a great Bay so called a beautiful wealthy City inhabited by rich Merchants of most Nations and Religions who drive here a great Trade Abdera Aenos Lysimachia and Philippopolis on the River Hebrus Selimbria Sestos a Peninsula in the Thracian Chersonese having a strong Castle opposite to which there is another on the Asian Shore called Abidos both of them having the name of the Dardanelli the Key and Block-houses of Constantinople commanding the Passage so strongly that none may go out or in without their license But the chief glory of this Country and of all Europe is Constantinople Constantinople seated in so commodious a place for Empire that it overlooks both Europe and Asia commands not onely the Propontis and Bosphorus but the Euxine Sea first called Bizantium now fince the possession of it by the Turks Stamboldi having a most curious Haven or Port so conveniently profound that Ships of greatest burthen may lie at the sides thereof for receit and discharge of their Lading so conveniently seated that there is no Wind whatsoever but brings in some shipping which affords a vast trade of Merchandize from all parts and of all sorts Beyond this is the Propontis and the Euxine Euxine Sea or Black Sea or Pontus now Maggiore a very dangerous Sea full of Rocks and Sands guarded at the entrance by the Bosphorus with two strong Castles called the Black Towers But to return again to the Aegean Sea by the Coasts of Asia the places most worthy of notice for Trade are but few the chief Smyrna a fair and antient City Smyrna on a large Bay so named much traded and frequented at this day especially for Chamlets Grograms and such like Commodities where the English have a Consul resident Ephesus Halicarnassus Matari Antioch of no great Trade And at the end of the Mediterranian Sea Alexandretta or Scandarone pretty commodious for Trade being the nearest Haven to Aleppo heretofore the choice Staple for all the Eastern Commodities brought to Euphrates before the Portugals discovery of the Southern Passage to India and Persia Tyre a City in antient time of great Trade and Wealth seated on a Rocky Island the People whereof were supposed to be the first that invented shipping now nothing but a heap of rubbish Tripolis Cyprus over against which is the Island Cyprus in the Syrian and Cilician Sea abounding in Wine Oyl Corn Sugar Cotton Honey Wooll Turpentine Allom Verdegreece Salt Grograms and other Commodities On the Coasts of Egypt and Barbary Egypt are first Alexandria situate westward of Delta over against the Ifle Pharos at the Mouth of the River Nile exceeding strong inhabited by men of divers Nations as Moors Jews Turks Greeks and almost all other Nations for the gain they reap by trafficking in Corn Rice Estridge-Feathers Gums Drugs Spices Cotten-Cloth and other rich Commodities Tripoli in Barbary an usual retreat for Pyrates that infest those Seas Next Tunis whose Commodities are chiefly Oyl some Corn Figs Dates Almonds and other Fruits Argiers situate near the Sea in the form of a Triangle with an Haven to it a City not so large as strong and not so strong
for the use of Dyers St. Lucar the Port Town of Sevil at the Mouth of the River Betis or Guadalquiver where the West-India Ships many times ride Cadiz or Gades situate on a large Bay and serving as a Road for the Indian Fleet by reason whereof and the great resort of Forreign Merchants it is much enriched 'T is the chief Port and Magazine of Spain taken notwithstanding in one day by the English under the command of the Lord Effingham the Earl of Essex and Sir Walter Raleigh the Town Ships and all becoming a prey to the English Near to this place is that so celebrated Streight called Fretum Herculeum or Gaditanum now the Streights of Gibralter Gibralter from a place so called on the brink hereof being in length fifteen miles and in breadth seven where it is narrowest being the Inlet or Passage from the Atlantick-Ocean into the Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea within which the places most observable are Malaga a strong place and an Armory for the King of Spain exceeding great in Traffick and of much resort especially for Wines Rasins Almonds c. Almeria Carthagena situate in a demy Island in the very jaws of the Mediterranean having a good and capacious Haven Alicant a noted Port and much used whence our true Alicant Wines made of the Juyce of Mulberries Valencia a fair pleasant and well-traded City Tarragona Barcellona The Goods and Merchandize on this side of Spain being generally Corn Wine Oyl all sorts of Fruit Salt Corral several sorts of Drugs and Stones c. Over against Valencia lie several Islands the biggest whereof are Majorca Majorca the chief Town whereof is so named of the Island yeelding sufficient quantity of Corn Oyl Wine and Fruits Minorca having three fair Harbours Minorca Maon Ternessus and Minorcas a fruitful Island breeding great Heards of Cattel and Mules of the largest size in Spain Yvica Yvica the Inhabitants whereof make great store of Salt wherewith they furnish in part not onely Spain but Italy also Next France on the Coast of France are Narbon Arles Marcelles and Tholoun The Commodities sent from the Coasts of France on the Meditterranean are Corn Wine Oyl Salt Woad Alkermes or Grain d'Escarlate Saffron Rasins Figs Olives Almonds Prunes Capers c. Villa Frank and Savona belonging to the State of Genoa Genoa the principal Empory Genoa next Venice of all Italy having a safe and commodious Haven The Countrey Commodities are besides their Fruits which here are excellent Oyl Paper Wines and such abundance of Silk that it is the opinion there are 18000 persons in that only City imployed in ordering and working thereof Livorno or Legorn Italy seated on the influx of the River Arno so well fortified that it is thought to be one of the strongest Cities in Christendom To the South-West whereof in the Ligurian Sea Corsica Sardinia lye the Islands Corsica and Sardinia the first subject to the State of Genoa the latter to the Kingdom of Spain abounding in pleasant Wines Oyl Olive Mastick Sulphur Allom Wax and Honey Elba an Island between Corsica and the Main producing Load-stones of a gray colour but none of the best Civita Vechia the onely useful Haven that belongeth to Rome Tarracina or the Bay of Mola and Port Ostia at the Mouth of Tyber scarce making up one good Haven Naples the Metropolis of the Kingdom Naples a beautiful City seated on the Sea-shoar and fortified with four strong Castles This and indeed all the Parts of Italy generally abounding with all sorts of Silk Cloth of Gold and Silver made by the People without fraud because of a strict prohibition for the Adulteration of the Threads Tapestry Skins bravely gilded Earthen Vessels most curiously wrought with Images and Coats of Arms Oyl Olive of the best sort Saffron Alchermes Allom Sulphur Vitriol Alabaster Rice Marble Wines and Fruits of all sorts Regium or Rezo on the Sea-shore opposite to Messina in Sicilia which is supposed to have been broken off from the Coast of Italy a place heretofore very well traded but since fired by the Turks left almost desolate Sicilia an Island separated from the Main Land of Italy Sicilia by the Strait or Fare of Messina where the Passage is so narrow that it exceeds not in breadth a mile and a half and found by diligent sounding not above eight fathom deep full of dangerous Rocks and Whirlepools as namely Caribdis a Gulf on Sicilia side violently attracting all Vessels coming nigh to it and devours them opposite whereunto stands that dangerous Rock Scylla at the foot of which many little Rocks shoot out these two being the occasion of many fabulous Stories In the other parts where the Sea opens it is 300 miles over supposed to have been once a Peninsula afterwards separated from Italy by the fury of the Waves or violence of some Earth-quakes which are there frequent The Island is so plentifully stored with Corn that it heretofore obtained the name of the Granary or storehouse of Rome and doth still furnish not only many parts of Italy but Spain Barbary Malta and the adjacent Isles the other Commodities are much like those of Italy in great plenty In this Countrey is the Hill Hybla so famous for Bees and Honey the Mountains Aetna now Montgibel which continually sends forth smoak and flames of fire to the aftonishment of beholders The chief places are Syracuse or Saragusa once the Metropolis of the Island very strong both by Sea and Land with a beautiful and commodious Port of greatest Trade next to Carthage in antient times now both destroyed Noto Augusta Gergento Palermo Trapani and Messina a Port and City of great strength and beauty peopled by the wealthiest sort of Merchants and Gentlemen having a strong and high Cittadel well garrisoned and a Lanthorn with lights kept burning for direction of Mariners Sixty miles to the southward of Sicilia towards the African Shores lyeth Malta Malta an Island famous for the shipwrack of Paul defended by the Knights of Jerusalem removed hither it is wholly situate on a Rock having not above three foot depth of Earth and consequently of no great fertility the want of which is supplyed by the plenty of Sicilia To return therefore to the Coast of Italy by the Capes Spartiventi Colonne and St. Maries near unto which is Gallipoli noted for the excellent Oyl coming from thence Not far from whence is Cape Otranto The Gulf of Venice the entrance into the Adriatick Sea or Gulf of Venice and the first Town of note therein is Brindisi or Brundusium once glorying in the most capacious Haven of the World Whence Pompey and Caesar took shiping with their Fleets the one to fly the other to pursue at this time a mean Town the Haven being so choked up that a Galley can hardly enter Next Bara Ortâ—na Ancona having a fair Haven not so capacious as exceeding pleasant and beautiful Pesara Ravenna
entrance into the Arabian-Gulf or Red-Sea Red-Sea rightly so called from bordering on the Land of Edom. The chief Ports whereof are Zeila Mazzua on the Coast of Ethiopia And at the very top thereof Sues or Arsinoe the station of the Turkish Gallies that command the Gulf they being first framed at Cair then taken in pieces brought hither and here rebuilt and joyned together Eziongeber the Haven of Solomons Ships that fetcht his Gold from Ophir Others in this Gulf on the Coast of Arabia are few or no places worthy of mention as far as Babel Mandel where it openeth into the Southern Ocean most part of the Persian and Indian Merchandize coming formerly this way and so transported by Land to Cair then to Alexandria but now little or nothing used A little without the Gulf standeth Aden a gallant Haven well traded and seldom without store of Shipping carrying from thence Gums Drugs and other Merchandize Next Oran the Lock and Key of the Southern Ocean on the Point or Promontory at the entering into the Persian-Gulf Persian-Gulf or Gulf de Elcatiffe a turbulent and unruly Sea the Southern Ocean breaking in at one end and the River Euphrates at the other the continual combating and clashing of which two makes it so unquiet Places and Ports of note on the Arabian Shore are Muscabat Sabta Balsara Rhegium But none so famous as the City of Ormus on the Persian Shore not so memorable for the greatness as the wealth and conveniency of the situation thereof built in an Island so called a famous Empory for Persian and Indian Commodities being hence transported and conveyed to Badgat or Babylon Aleppo and Tripoli not yet wholly decayed besides plenty of other Merchandize here are found the best and fairest Oriental Pearls which are caught in this Gulf between Basara and Ormus The first Port on the Coast of India India is accounted Diu looking towards Persia but on the East side thereof near the Mouth of the River Indus a Town of great Trade possessed by the Portugals Tutta on the Banks of Indus of no less trade to the Portugals who here receive such Indian Commodities as come down the Water from Lahore returning Pepper in exchange which they bring up the River from their other Factories Madabat the chief Town of Guzarat affirmed to be near as big as London seldom without Merchants of all parts Cambaia 3 miles from Indus and as many in compass so populous that it is accounted the Cair of the Indies exceeding fruitful abounding in Rice Wheat Sugar all sorts of Spices and Fruits Silk Cottons and in the Mountains thereabouts they find Diamonds Calcedonies and a kind of Onyx called Corneline corruptly Cornelian Swaley in a large Bay so called the Haven Town for Surat about ten miles from the Road Surat from whence the River is Navigable only by Boats and Shallops made of late years a Factory for the English Merchants who have here their President and a Magnificent House for their Reception and Staple of their Commodities which are chiefly Spices Calicoes Indico Sarcinets Pantadoes c. Bombay is a great Factory for the English East-India Company Goa a Sea-Town situate in a little Goa but most pleasant Island called Ticuarinum fifteen miles in compass opposite to the Out-let of the River Mindano a noted Empory and one of the chief Keys that unlock the Indies inhabited besides the Portugals by Indians Moors Jews Armenians Guzarats Banians Bramaa's and many others who for the cause of Trade and Gain dwell here without molestation for their Religion Curwar Batticale on the Coast of Malabar first Cononor well built and beautified with a very fair Haven belonging to the Portugals and well traded by Merchants Then Calicut the chief of these parts Calicut three miles in length upon the Sea of exceeding Trade especially in fine Calicoes thence so called Ginger Cinamon Pepper and Cassia Cochin a Sea-Town likewise of little less Trade than Calicut To the southward hereof is Cape Comarin Cape Comerin or Cormandel and a little from thence the Island Zeylan large and almost round affirmed to be plentiful in Cinnamon Ginger Gold of the best sort Silver and all sorts of Mettals Pretious-Stones and store of the largest Elephants the chief Towns are Trinquelimale and Batticalo Jaffanapatan Colmuch now Columbo having a fair Haven the Royal Seat of the Kings whence many Ships laden with Cinnamon Gems Elephants and other Commodities go yearly to other places Within the Gulf of Bengala in the Kingdom of Golkondo are Negapatan Madras St. Georges Fort Gulf of Bengala Masulapatan Orissa Bellesor Angeli c. From all which they usually send plenty of Rice Cotten-Cloth a fine Stuff like Silk made of a Grass called there Yerva Long-Pepper Ginger Mirabolans and other Merchandize Ougely and Bengala giving name to the great Bay situate on a Branch of the River Ganges a place endowed with plenty of all things fit for life rich in Merchandize especially Rice Gold Pretious Stones Pearls a curious sort of painted Cotten Cloth thence sent to all parts of the World Aracan and Pegu the glory of these parts great strong and Beautiful Rich in Gold Gems of divers sorts Red-Wax c. Lugor on the Sea-side near that little Istmos that joyneth the Chersonese to the main Land Martaban Sornaw Queda renowned for the best Pepper and in most plenty for that cause much frequented by Merchants And in the Kingdom of Siam Siam in the narrow Strait between the Isle of Sumatra and the Peninsula called the Golden Chersonese stands Malacca for Spices Unguents Gold Silver Pearls and Pretious-Stones the most noted Empory of the East once possest and strongly fortified by the Portugals but taken from them by the King of Achem. Next Jor at the very Point or Promontory Patane where the English and Hollanders have their Factories Siam at the bottom of a great Bay a goodly City and conveniently seated on the River Menam for Trade and Merchandize which is Precious-Stones much Spices c. Champa and Cochinchina in Camboya Cochinchina having store of Gold and Lignum Aloes valued at it's weight in Silver Silk in abundance Purselan Earth for the making Cups Dishes and other Utensils Salt-Peter c. To the northward whereof lyeth the Isle of Aynan a place of the greatest note for the Pearl-fishing Hereabout beginneth the Kingdom of China China which as it is the largest richest and best inhabited throughout the whole World would require a Treatise correspondent but because they are a People forbidding Forreigners to trade amongst them unless in some sew places the knowledge of others coming onely by particular report I shal only give a touch at two or three places which are most considerable for Trade as First Nanquin of incredible greatness situate in a great Gulf so called nine leagues from the Sea on the great River Kiang wherein by report ride for the most part no less than
others And St. Georges Fort built by the English at the Mouth of the River Sagahadar Adjoyning hereunto lyeth Nova Scotia Nova Scotia Nova Francia or Canadie and the small Peninsula called Accadia betwixt the Bay of St. Lawrence where the great River Canada falleth into the Gulf and the main Sea The noted places are Port Royal St. Lukes Port au Montou Gaspe Gachepe St. Croiz Franco Roy and St. Lewis The Commodities are chiefly Furs c. Not far to the eastward hereof lyeth the Isle of Sables At the most Eastern part of America Septentrionalis lyeth New-found-land New-found-Land an Island separated from the Main or Terra Corterialis by a Frith or Strait called Gulf de Casteaux furnished on the Sea-Coast with abundance of Cod-fish and other Fish for the catching of which Ships of many Countreys frequent that place having also many large and convenient Havens as Rennosa Fair-Haven Thorn-Bay Trinity-Bay Bonavist White-Bay Port Trespass St. Georges Bay St. Jones c. The Air of this Countrey never very extream more temperate in the depth of Winter than with us in England the Brooks being never so frozen over that the Ice is able to bear a Dog and those little Frosts but seldom holding three nights together Before the Island lyeth that long Bank extending in length some hundred of leagues near to which are many little Islands called by John Cabot Bacalos peculiar now to one onely from the numerous multitude of Cod-fish which swarmed hereabout Betwixt Cape de Gumay in Terra Corterialis and the Capes Farewel and Desolation near Groenland lyeth the two Sraits named Fretum Davis Fretum Davis Fretum Hudson and Fretum Hudson so called from the first Discoverers a Sea dilating it self much both towards the North South and West giving great Hopes thereby of a Passage to China and the East-Indies And therefore notwithstanding the Ice Fogs and other Incumbrances searched into by many English Worthies as Frobrsher Davis Weymouth Hudson Button Baffin Smith James Gillam and others who have sailed therein some one way and some another and given names to many places viz. King James his Cape Queen-Ann's Cape Prince Henry's Foreland Saddel Island Barren Island Redgoose Island Digs his Island Hackluits Headland Smiths Bay Prince Ruperts River Maudlin Sound Fair-haven and many others even from James his Bay on the South at the bottom whereof Hudson wintered in the latitude of 51 degrees to Baffins Bay on the North lying in the latitude of 79 degrees and to the westward as far as Port Nelson where Sir Thomas Button wintered being more westerly than Mr. Hudsons Bay by 190 leagues and near as far towards the West as Cape California in Mar del Zur where finding the Tyde continually to rise every twelve hours fifteen foot or more and that a West Wind did make the Neap Tydes equal to the Spring Tydes finding also the Tydes to set sometimes eastwards sometimes westwards gave good hope to Mr. Hubard who made the Plat thereof of a through Passage called therefore Hubards Hope And in the year 1667 a very honourable and worthy Design was renewed and undertaken for the discovery of this North-West Passage and setling a Trade with the Indians in those Parts by several of the Nobility of England and divers Merchants of note belonging to the City of London who fitted out two small Vessels for that purpose the one called the Nonsuch Ketch Captain Zachariah Gillam Commander the other the Eaglet Ketch Captain Staniard Commander the latter whereof being by stormy Weather beaten back returned home without success but the other proceeding on her Voyage in her way made the Land of Buss lying betwixt Iseland and Groenland passed through Hudsons Straits then into Baffins Bay from thence southerly into the Great Bay where in the latitude of fifty one degrees or thereabouts in a River now called Ruperts River he wintered found a friendly correspondence and civil entertainment with the Natives traded with them in exchange of Bever-Skins c. for Knives Beads Looking-Glasses Hatchets and other trivial Commodities and the next year returned with good success and future hopes of an excellent Trade in those parts giving invitation thereby to the aforesaid Noblemen and Merchants to adventure again Anno 1669. Which Voyage being not yet performed leaves us ignorant both of the Places and Trade thereof save what is already known undiscover'd till the conclusion of the Voyage Groenland called by the Natives Secanunga Groenland is that last part of America which remains onely to be spoken of a Countrey as is supposed but thinly inhabited and by reason of the abundance of Ice and inhospitableness of the People little frequented and consequently not so well known as to give a perfect description thereof for notwithstanding several Voyages have been made thither on purpose many Ships have accidentally touched upon the Coasts thereof in pursuance of the N. W. Discoveries yet for the causes aforesaid the Countrey lies still obscured in a Northern Mist being to us almost altogether unknown unless the names of certain Bayes Capes and such like as Whale-sound Horn-sound Rombels-ford Conningham Gilberts-sound Cocking-ford Cape Comfort Cape Desolation all within the Streight Cape Farewel Cape Discord Leister-point Warwick-Foreland Hernolds-Ness Bereford not far from the West part of Iseland and several others South-westward from Iseland about 140 leagues lyeth an Island called Buss Buss in the latitude of 57 degrees 35 minutes not yet fully discovered but only as it hath been accidentally seen by some who upon other Discoveries have occasionally passed those Seas as Captain Gillam in his first Voyage to the North-West Passage had Soundings near unto it From Iseland about 135 leagues North-eastwards in the latitude of seventy one degrees lyeth an Island called Trinity Island Trinity Island the North-East Point whereof is named Youngs-Foreland a place formerly much frequented by the Dutch for their Whale-fishing the Land is very high full of Rocks and Mountains one especially much higher than the rest called Bears Mountain Thus briefly have I touched at and as it were onely named the Sea-Coasts of most of the known Parts of the World which may serve as an entrance to the succeeding Sea-Atlas commending the Discovery of such parts as are yet unknown to the search of Posterity The Discoveries that have been made within this two hundred years by the Worthies of our own Nation as well as Strangers CHristopher Columbus the Genoes first determinately attempted to seek after and in the year 1492 prosperously discovered the great Cominent of America John Cabot a Venetian and his Son Sir Sebastian born in England succeeded Columbus in that famous Attempt and discovered all the North Coasts thereof from Cape Florida to New-found-Land But Americus Vesputius in discovering some of the South Parts thereof obtained the honour of having the whole Continent called by his Name America Ferdinando Magellan Anno 1519. was the first that found out that Strait towards the