him he would never leave him off till either he had beaten him to pieces or chas'd him out of Hungary But the Duke of Lorrain it seems entertain'd no such Thoughts and all that little that he did was against Teckely As if a Mastiff having a Bear by the Throat should let go his hold to snap at a Cur. 10. Though Caprara fail'd at Agria yet at Caschaw he had great Success having that strong Fortress yielded to him in a short time But for this he was beholden to Teckely's ill Usage by the Turks Which was a strange Hit to Caprara and made those things smooth and easy to him which might otherwise have been exceeding difficult For surely at the Surrender of Caschaw they were found so well provided at all points that had it not been for Teckely's Imprisonment Caprara might have been as well repuls'd as ever Man was 11. When Caprara had made such quick work at Caschaw it was expected that he would immediately have marched after Mercy and Heusler who were now in the course of their Victories or at least have sent them a good Reinforcement Since the Nail did drive here so well 't was pity there should want hands to strike it These brave Commanders wanted nothing but greater Forces to make greater Conquests those they had with them being hardly sufficient to Man the Places they took It had therefore been well done by Caprara if he had sent a good supply after them But if he had gone himself he had gain'd the Glory of the whole Action as well of the things that had been done before his coming as of those that should be done after all would have been ascribed to the General Caprara But he seemed little to mind these Matters All that he now did was to ly hatching over his new Conquest of Caschaw and to put his Men in Winter Quarters And this last he did sooner then he needed the Season being yet favourable For we find that Mercy and Heusler continued in Action and in the Field for several Weeks after Caschaw was surrender'd 12. It hath been said before that the Surrender of Caschaw and other Places was occasion'd by Teckely's Imprisonment And surely the Imprisonment of Count Teckely by the Turks was a most horrid Act even amongst Infidels He fell by the Fraud of faithless Barbarians to whom himself had been too faithful But the Turks were sufficiently punish'd for it since it caused the Submission of the revolted Hungarians to the Emperour which to the Turks was one of the greatest Blows they have receiv'd in all this War. 13. Among all the Champions engaged in this War of Hungary Mercy and Heusler have born away the prize It must be confess'd they went about their Business like Workmen These are they that with a handful of Men and when the year was almost quite spent fell into the Enemies Country and made very considerable Conquests Which they have bravely maintain'd ever since upon all Occasions and many such Occasions happen'd beating and chasing the Enemy Heusler had made himself famous before the Campagne began and had given great proofs of his diligence and courage in hindering the Relief of Newhausel for the effecting of which important Service the Turks made continual Attempts He was almost all the Winter on Horseback while others were in there Stoves at Vienna and Inspruck And now as Caprara had been detached from Lorrain so Mercy and Heusler were detached from Caprara and with their Party for it may not be called an Army they put themselves upon Action when the great ones were got into their Winter Quarters They took Zolnock first and afterward they took Saravas both which are considerable Passes the last upon the great River of Keroz and the first upon the greater River of Teys And the potent City of Debreczen which before was neutral they made to be wholly Imperial They also took several other Places of less name cleared a large Country and pierced deep into the Enemies Quarters They shewed what the Duke of Lorrain might have done if he had pleased with his whole Army to March that way He might as easily have taken Waradine and Segedine and Temeswar as they took Saravas and Zolnock He might have master'd the whole Country on this side the Danube as easily as They did part And as They Quarter'd their party upon the Enemy all Winter so He might have done by his Army not needing to send them so far as he did some of them to the remotest parts of Germany To make the thing shorter if the Duke of Lorrain after the Battel of Gran had deliver'd his victorious Troops to Mercy and Heusler we may well imagine what work they had made and how like a Torrent they had born down all before them 14. When the Venetians broke with the Turk and joyn'd in the War against him a Judgment might easily be from thence made that he was in a very ill Condition For we might well think that this wary People who also have perfect Intelligence of the State of that Empire would not engage but upon sure terms I believe this is the first time that they have been guilty of taking voluntary Arms against the Turk they not being much given to that sort of fooling which some call Gallantry This is not spoken in derogation of the Serene Republique They deserve great Honour upon several accounts Nor ought we to heed the Character given them by Joseph Scaliger in his Invective Poem Which I think is the bitterest Satyr that ever was written next to that of Catullus against Caesar It seems the Pretensions of this Family to Verona had fill'd the Mans Pen with Gall and Vinegar The Venetians having thus undertaken the War let us see how they prosecute it Their Terra firma or Land upon the Continent lies round the bottom of their Gulf within which upon certain small Islands Venice it self is situate Most of the Land by much doth ly on the Western side and takes up a good part of Lombardy The Eastern Extremity joyns upon Dalmatia some of which Country they also have the Turk possessing the greatest part and this is the only place where they border upon the Turks by land Hither their Armies may march by land or be transported cross the Gulf by a short Cut and at an easy Charge and here they might also be supplied at pleasure Moreover the Country of Dalmatia lies extended upon this Gulf of Venice from Istria to Albania between three and four hundred miles in length and it would be to the Venetians a thing of mighty importance to be sole Masters of it It lies just at their doors It would make their Dominion almost as weighty on this side of the Gulf as on the other and it would establish and secure their Soverainty over that Sea something better then their yearly mâ—rrying their Doge to it Of all the places in the World it lies most convenient for them one foot of ground
Bavaria the Duke of Lorrain and Prince Waldeck who rout the Turkish Army and relieve the City And now Count Teckely desires to submit upon fair terms but no terms would be given him whereupon he renews his Alliance with the Turks The Duke of Saxony marcheth home with his Troops The rest of the Christian Army advance into Hungary and take Gran Lewents and other places The Grand Visier having rallied he remains of his broken Army and strangled several Bassa's and other Officers for not doing their Duties is afterward strangled himself to appease the Rage of the Soldiers and People Observations 1. IT must be confess'd that in this beginning of the Campagne the Duke of Lorrain had a hard Game to play as all have that must act upon the defensive against a much over-matching Enemy But the Duke seems to have dangerously mistaken his measures in choosing a Post which he was not able to maintain which brought all things to the utmost hazard How could he expect that the Tartars of whom the Grand Visier had thirty thousand should be stopt by a small short River that make it their practice to swim over the Nieper the Niester and the Danube Nor let the Hungarians be blamed for not defending the Passes for it doth not appear how it was possible to be done Had the Duke strongly encamp'd under the Walls of Raab and not at that distance he did which was seven or eight Miles as he had covered the Country in effect as well so he had secured his Army much better And perhaps he had done best to have posted himself yet more backward What though some Frontier places had been thereby exposed It had been more advisable to sacrifice a part than so greatly to endanger the whole And this seems to have been the Sentiment of the Marshal of Crequi when he managed a defensive War against this Duke in his own Country of Lorrain He posted himself at once upon the Moselle leaving the Saar as good a Stream as the Raab and all the Places upon it with the whole Country between those two Rivers open to the invading Army Which he thought a less Evil than to grasp what he could not hold and thereby put his own Army upon which the Fortune of France depended in danger of a hasty and disgraceful Retreat or perhaps a total Ruine 2. In the Duke's retreat to Vienna some People are unsatisfi'd with two things The One is that as his Troops were marching the Tartars were upon them and among them before they were in the least aware of it Which they think could not be if the Duke had not strangely wanted Intelligence in the Emperour 's own Country and if he had taken care to send out his Scouts in due manner and throughly to discover the ways by which he was to march as cautious and skilful Generals use to do The other thing is that when these Troops were got to Vienna they never turn'd their faces toward the Enemy but lay in that Island of St. Leopold as it were without Life and Soul. I confess they might well be daunted with the disgraces and dangers of their Retreat and the dismal condition of Affairs But then they should have been made to recover their Spirits by some successful Encounters of which there were fair Opportunities by the posture the Turks were in Who came up in scambling Parties their main Body not arriving till several days after 3. If the Duke of Lorrain had now a hard Game sure the Grand Visier had an easy one He commanded a mighty Force which had nothing to withstand or oppose it the Christian Army being broken up and as it were quite vanish'd So that he was now if I may use an odd Expression like a Lord in a Hutch he might turn himself which way he pleased There was only one Caution to be used That whereas the Christians had mainly provided for the defence of four Towns let what will become of the rest he would for the present forbear medling with those Towns. but every where else he might go on conquering and to conquer no other place being capable to make resistance A few Examples of barbarous Cruelty toward those that stood it out to which the Grand Visier's nature would easily have enclin'd him and of good usage to those that readily yielded would in that terror have open'd him the Gates of all those Places And in humane probability he might that Summer have subdu'd all the Austrian Dominions on the South side the Danube the Towns of Raab and Vienna excepted Or if he would be content with destroying the open Country he might have done it so throughly in two or three Months time as not to leave a House standing nor hardly a Man or Beast living And in the like space of time he might have serv'd Bohemia so too and other parts of Germany It would have been such a Destruction as never was since the time of Attila But the Visier's pride and folly and evil Genius made him leave these advantages and these certainties to fall upon a strong and populous City that had a Army in Garrison that was a hundred Miles within the Enemies Country and upon a great River which he was not sure nor likely to command on both sides Nothing could break his Army nor deliver those Countries out of his hands but such a Siege 4. As it was a grand Error in the Visier to undertake this Siege so he committed divers others in the Prosecution of it In the first place he destroy'd all the Country near him with Sword and Fire by which means great quantities of Provisions were destroy'd that should have been preserved for the sustenance of his Army for want of which he was fain to supply himself by Convoys from Hungary Also when the Christians advanced to relieve Vienna he caused his Men to leave the advantage of their Camp in which they were strongly fortified and to meet their Enemies in the open Field When as the Christians could not stay by it having no Provisions wherewith the Turks abounded Moreover when his Army went out to fight he went not out with them but shamefully stay'd behind and kept at a distance And when they were routed and fled he fled with the foremost as fast as his Horse could carry him without any offer to rally or any endeavour to make a Retreat His strangling some of the run away Bassa's afterward did no way purge his own baseness take them at the worst they did but follow his Example He therefore seems to have well deserved his ignominious End going off the stage inglorious and with the Character of a proud and cruel Coward 5. I believe most men conclude that the Emperour did very prudently in retiring from Vienna upon the Enemies Advance thereby securing his own Sacred Person And I confess the safety of the Prince is a matter of highest Importance But yet sometimes wise Princes do lay aside the thoughts of
securing their own Persons when all lies at stake for in such cases the place of greatest danger is the place where the Prince should be The Emperour Otho did absolutely ruine his Affairs by securing his Person and by avoiding present danger did fall into a total and final Destruction If the King of Denmark had retir'd from Copenhagen when it was set upon by the Swede he might have secur'd his Person but he had lost both his City and his Kingdoms whereas by his Presence and personal Gallantry he preserved all And surely it cannot be deny'd but that this withdrawing of the Emperour did much weaken Vienna from whence above threescore thousand People are said to have retired or fled upon that occasion If it be said that most of these were an unwarlike Multitude I will admit they were But had the Emperour staid every Man and almost every Woman would have been a Soldier in the presence of his Imperial Majesty Moreover it had then been easy to defend the Island of St. Leopold whereby the passage over the Danube had been kept open and a Communication with all the Countries behind it Which had made the Emperours stay at Vienna to be much more safe and likewise much more honourable than if he had been laid up in a place which the Enemy might have begirt on all sides 6. Some think that the Duke of Lorrain notwithstanding the withdrawing of the Emperour and of those that went out with him and after him might well enough have defended the Island of St. Leopold This Island lies close to Vienna being made by the Danube and about four English miles in length There is a Bridge into it from the City and from it you pass on over two other small Islands and three other Bridges to the most Northern bank of the River the City standing upon the most Southern In the Island first mention'd the Duke placed himself as hath been related But he departed thence when the Grand Visier came up with his whole Army which was seven or eight days after Concerning which departure I shall set down the words of John Peter a Valcaren Judge Advocate of the Imperial Army who hath given us a particular account of this Siege and I think it is the best we have The Duke of Lorrain saith he who hitherto remained with the Cavalry in the Island of St. Leopold and as we thought did not intend to stir from thence altering his resolution marched over the Bridges that lead towards Moravia with these Regiments c. And afterward he adds As for those that were besieged they wished nothing more than that the Duke would have staid in the Island of St. Leopold which would have preserved a free Communication and Entercourse as well with the Emperour as with the territories of Bohemia Moravia Silesia and other parts of the Empire from whence we might have receiv'd Supplies of every thing we needed This was the opinion of the besieged who afterward felt those hard ships that were brought upon them by the quitting of that place But however we are not to doubt of the sufficiency of the Reasons that moved the Duke of Lorrain to hasten his departure thence If the Author knew those sufficient Reasons he did not well to conceal them for it highly concern'd the Duke's honour that Satisfaction should be given to all men in this matter whereas now many remain unsatisfied For the Duke of Lorrain had his whole Cavalry with him which could not be less then eight or nine thousand And there was come to him the Prince Lubomirski with 4000 Polish Horse and General Schultz with 3000 Germans He had also a great River between him and the Enemy for though the Danube do there divide it self into four Branches yet every Branch is a large and deep Stream And of this he had but four English Miles to guard two above the City and two below it Then as to Forrage 't is hard to believe but that all the one side of the Danube might maintain fifteen or sixteen thousand Horse as well as fifty or sixty thousand were maintain'd by the other 7. Though the Islands of the Danube were thus unhappily quitted yet still the Christians commanding the River as having all the Vessels both above and below the City the best and easiest way to relieve it seems to have been by those Islands Had Maurice Prince of Orange been now alive and directed these Affairs who as he had all the Arts of War so particularly he seem'd in his Element when he was amongst great Waters and both exquisitely knew and could most dexterously use all the advantages of commanding them he would very proprobably have gone this way and have done his business without much hazard The Turks had no Camp on this side so fortifi'd as that on the other side was Nor would their vast numbers particularly of Horse have stood them in much stead amongst these small Islands And though they might possibly have defended these their Quarters yet so great a Force must be upon this Duty that the Siege must in the mean time have stood still or at least could not be carried on with requisite Vigour Moreover the Christians might have attempted a Relief this way much sooner than the other for which they were so long preparing that the City was in great danger to be lost in the mean time But the Christian Army went the plain way to work that is they cross'd the River and marched in fair Order along the Southern bank of it openly and directly upon the Ottoman Camp. And their glorious Success seems to have justified their Counsels But yet we must bear in mind that they had certainly miscarried if their Enemies had not been quite mad and by a prodigious Error quitted the advantage of their Ground 8. The Christian Army had such Illustrious Commanders and so many great Princes were there engaged in person that few Armies in the World can shew the like The King and the two Electors commanded their own Forces Lorrain commanded the Forces of the Emperour and Waldeck the Forces of the Empire And they all did their work substantially and bravely It must likewise be granted that the Turks on their part left nothing undone for the gaining of their prize and that they strain'd themselves to the utmost to take the City before the Relief came up continuing also to press very hard upon it even while their Army was routing and their Camp forcing Nevertheless if their whole Carriage of the Affair be well consider'd we may observe in them more Industry and Pertinacy than either Skill or Valour 9. By the raising of Vienna's Siege and the destruction of the Ottoman Army the Scene of Affairs was quite alter'd and the Emperour's Condition was now as high as it had been low before He could now think of nothing less than of beating the Turk out of Hungary and afterward out of Europe which later is the easier of the two To
of Lorrain Observations 1. I shall not here meddle with the Justice of the Emperour 's or the Hungarians Cause Since is depends much upon the Constitution of that Kingdom which I do not pretend to know That may be just and lawful in Hungary or Poland which would be very unlawful in England or France But surely it is much doubted whether his Imperial Majesty did well in point of Prudence to suffer his Subjects to be thus provoked in such Circumstances of Time and Place It was in a Time when he had an Enemy upon his Arm that was ready to swallow up all Europe and it was in a Place bordering upon the Turks who are both willing to take and able to use such Advantages 2. If the French did secretly incite the Emperour to Severities and his Subjects to Resistance it is no great wonder For they had then a dangerous War with Him and his Confederates and it is thought no Crime to use all ways and means to weaken and distract an Enemy But the wonder is that the Jesuits would be the Instruments of so great Mischief to his Imperial Majesty who had so great a Favour for their Order However this may seem less strange if we consider that the Jesuits are wise and regard their Interest more than their Inclinations or Obligations They know that in great Affairs Gratitude and good Nature look like foolish things And therefore they might think fit to forsake or even to betray a Prince that loved them thereby to gratify a Prince that was useful to them The truth is they wanted the Power of France to defend and support them against their great Enemy the Pope who 't is thought had much rather see the Jesuits rooted out of Christendom than the Protestants out of Hungary So that as things stood we must not blame the Fathers if they could deny nothing to the French King. 3. By the Impaling the Prisoners and the Success of it we may observe that extraordinary Severities are not to be used to Prisoners of War where the Enemy is in a Condition to retaliate Upon the first Revolt of the Hollanders the Duke of Alva caused all those that he took in fight to be executed by the hands of the Hangman But when he saw that the Dutch caused all whom they took to be executed likewise without mercy his dire Soul was forced to submit to the necessity of fair War. as Grotius informs us in his most excellent Belgick History 4. Count Teckeley is severely censur'd for calling in the Turk to his Assistance And surely if the Emperour's proceedings were just and good and Teckeley's Arms unlawful his joyning with the Infidels was a great aggravation of his Crime Nor doth the Necessity he was reduced to in any measure excuse him since it was a Necessity of his own making As he that hath robb'd a Man may find a Necessity to kill him too to prevent pursuit or discovery Or as Catiline says in the Play The Ills that I have done cannot be safe But by attempting greater On the other side if the Imperial Ministers did unjustly persecute and oppress the Necessity was then of their making and the Consequences of it ly at their Doors For where a Necessity brings Mischief the Authors of the Necessity are the Authors of the Mischief And to think it unlawful to joyn with Infidels against Christians in any case whatsoever is a very great Mistake For if Merchants be set upon by Christian Pirates and a Squadron of Algerines come by who can condemn the Merchants if they joyn with those worst of Infidels to preserve themselves and to destroy the Christians that would destroy them Upon which account the English at our first trading into the East-Indies did several times joyn with Mahometans and Pagans against the Portugals 5. The Grand Visier and the Duke of Lorrain are now enter'd the Lists And surely it is a noble Sight when two great Champions are engaged against each other They draw the Eyes of the whole World upon them and are the Subject of all Mens Discourses Many such Pairs have their Names recorded in the Books of Fame But those are most remarkable who have had a Tug of some Continuance whereby they might shew their Play and give the utmost Efforts of their Skill and Courage Such were Hannibal and Marcellus the two elder Scipio's and the two Hasdrubals Michridates and Lucullus Pompey and Sertorius Caesar and Vercingetorix Caesar and Pompey And after them Germanicus and Arminius Cerealis and Civilis Trajan and Decebalus Charlemain and Wittikind who fought twelve Battels may justly claim a room among these famous Combatants So may Francis the First and Charles the Fifth who had almost continual Wars and were brave Captains as well as mighty Princes To whom may be added the Great Gonsalvo and Monsieur Lautrec stiff adversaries in the Wars of Naples and in the Wars of Piemont Dom Ferdinand Gonsaga and the Marshal of Brissac Then follow Henry the Fourth and the Duke of Parma Maurice Prince of Orange and Spinola Gustavus Adolphus and Count Tilly the same Gustavus and Walstein Turenne and Montecuculi Others I omit and hasten back to the Hungarian War. CHAP. II. VIENNA THE Duke of Lorrain being first in the Field sits down before Newhausel but upon the Enemies Advance he raises the Siege And finding himself much over-power'd he encamps near Raab upon a River of that name which there falls into the Danube The Grand Visier comes on and while his Main Body confronts the Duke the Tartars tracing the River towards the head soon find or make their way over For which great blame is laid upon the Hungarians who had the Guard of the passages committed to them But the Duke hereupon draws off to Raab Town where he divides his Army Himself and the Cavalry make their Retreat directly to Vienna being shrewdly ruffled by the Tartars who fell upon them in their March unawares The Foot are ordered to pass the Danube and to march to the same Place there being Men first drawn out of them to make up very strong Garrisons for Raab Comorra and Leopoldstat Vpon the Duke's arrival at Vienna from whence the Emperour and his whole Court were now retired he marches over the Bridge into an Island of the Danube called St. Leopold that lies over against the City This Post he maintains a while but afterwards deserts it for Reasons not known and marches clear away Moreover his Foot arrive also in good time and before the Grand Visier could come up with the Main of his Army Who laid all things aside and overlook'd all Difficulties to attacque this Imperial City The Siege is carried on for two Months with all vigour and violence and with very great loss of Men. Count Staremberg commanded within the Place and did well defend it But however it was brought at last to great Extremities Then come the Christian Forces commanded by the King of Poland the Electors of Saxony and
and Waradine might have held out a week or two But for the other Places they had been nothing in his hands The easy taking of Zolnock and Saravas afterward which are two of the best of them doth plainly make it appear how weak a defence they were like to make So that in all probability he might in a few Months have beaten the Turks out of Upper Hungary And then Teckely's party must have fallen in likewise together with the Prince of Transylvania In this way the War would in a great measure have maintain'd it self and not have exhausted the Emperour in that grievous manner that the Siege of Buda did The Duke's numbers would also have increased by the coming in of the Christian Hungarians and Men flocking from all parts to the conquering Army And all would have been in a flourishing condition These things might have come to pass if the Duke had been pleased after the old Rule to strike the Nail where it would drive and had taken care not to put any thing to hazard when he had so much sure play But nothing would content him but the Siege of Buda which was too heavy for him As if a man should be amongst Ingots of Gold most of them portable and some few not and he should choose rather to break his back at once with one that he could not carry than take away the lesser at ease one after another after which the greater with a little patience might be broken or melted down One would think the fresh Example of the Grand Visier's Fool-hardiness and the fatal Consequences of it should have kept the Duke from committing the like Error And 't is a wonder how he could expect that eighteen thousand Foot for his Army was reckon'd at thirty thousand and twelve thousand of them were Horse and Dragoons could force a City though not very well fortified that had fifteen thousand in Garrison It is confess'd that the Duke had very good Men. But then it was great pity that they should be so used so miserably thrown away Had they been put upon reasonable services they might in all likelihood have crown'd themselves with Victory and Honour and their General with Glory The best Army upon Earth may be baffled by an ordinary Enemy if it attacque him in his strength which therefore good Generals avoid Cambray was the Frontier against the French and stood in their very teeth the best part of two hundred years But withal it was exceeding strong and always very well mann'd and furnish'd and therefore in all that space they never attempted it till now lately the time they took it When the same French marched against Holland Mastricht lay just in their way and they had threaten'd it hard But since it had got a Garrison of ten or twelve thousand Men they fairly past it by as if there had been no such Town Afterwards when the Garrison was less by half they fell close to it and had it upon reasonable terms But if they had fallen upon it at first it might have broke their whole Army The Rhetoricians tell us that in Statu deliberativo there are two principal Questions an utile an possibile and to both these there must be good answers given to make a Design advisable For 't is idle to engage upon things that are easy unless they be profitable withal nor should any prospect of advantage tempt us to an Undertaking if the thing be not possible or as the French and We better express it not feasible 'T is confess'd that Buda was very convenient for the Duke But must he therefore take it whether he can or no Must he therefore throw away his Army upon it to no purpose If a Stone Wall stand in a Mans way must the Man run his head against it The Advice which Quintilian gives his Orator may be applied full well to a General Consulat vires suas I do again confess that Buda is a place of great importance for carrying on the War. But is there no other Place worth the looking after Surely there are many such upon this Frontier beside those farther in There is upon the North side the Danube Waradine and Zolnock and Agria and Newhausel and upon the South side there is Alba Regalis Caniza and Gradisca I will allow that Buda with Pest is more worth than any two of them But the worst two of them is more worth than Buda without Pest which is the present case the Duke having Pest already We can therefore only conclude that the gaining this City is to be mainly intended and endeavour'd in a reasonable way and when ever there is power and opportunity That which is extraordinary in Buda is its situation upon the Danube and that the taking it opens this River to the Christians giving them free passage farther down for their Provisions and other Necessaries Gradisca would do the same upon the Save and Zolnock upon the Teys but the Navigation of the Danube is much more considerable than either of these it being the grand River and coming from the chief Parts of the Emperour's Dominions But I must take notice That since the Christians had Pest already on the opposite bank it seems hardly possible to hinder their passage up and down in so great a Stream near their own side under the favour of dark Nights Which makes the advantage of the Water to be much less to this Town of Buda than was imagin'd Then as for commanding the Land the Towns before named do far excell Buda as it is now without Pest for it now commands but one side of the River And surely it is plain to any that will consider that a Town which stands upon a great River not having a passage over it is half block'd up But the Towns before named command the Countries clear round especially Agria Newhausel and Caniza which three are the farthest advanc'd and which are the three Horns that gore the Imperial Territories And Alba Regalis and Waradine do alse command far and wide But it may be said farther of Buda that here is the lowest Bridge and Pass upon the Danube nor is there any other in Hungary Gran only excepted Which place and Barkan do yoke this River about forty miles higher in the same manner as Pest and Buda do here In the old Maps of these Countries there is the Mark and Picture of a Bridge at Colocza forty miles lower but there is no such Bridge now to be found It appears then that Gran was of the same Consideration last year that Buda is now But the Grand Visier if I may look back on what I have before omitted did not do his part in defending it He had got an Army together after his defeat at Vienna by rallying and recruiting the Christians giving him leisure to do it for they made no great haste to pursue their Victory Part of his Army he lost foolishly by fighting the Christians in their March to no purpose