sweet Country and proceeding from West to East Having passed the Var we come into the County of Nice wherein is a City of the same name and that of Villa Franca Monaco which belongs to its own Prince the Marquisat of Final with a Town of the same name The Riviera de Genoa wherein are the Metropolis of Genoa which is called in Italian La Superba the Stately and is one of the most beautiful Towns in Italy Savona Albenga and some others Tuscany is separated from the Riviera de Genoa by La Macra it reaches to the Campania of Rome on the East and has that Sea which carries its name on the South and the Apennines on the North. The Duke of Florence who takes the Title of great Duke of Tuscany is Master of the greatest part of it The chief Towns in his Territories are Florence the Capital City Pisa Siena Volterra Pistoia and Legorn a Sea-Port Town The small State of the Republick of Lucca the Principality of Massa and the Stato delli Presidi in which are the Towns Orbitello Porto Hercole and Piombino that belong to the King of Spain are in Tuscany as also the Dutchy of Castro which belongs to the Duke of Parma having a Town of the same name and the Patrimony of St Peter wherein are Viterbo Montefiascone and some others Aquapendente Peruga near a Lake that bears its name Orvieta and Civita Vecchia a fair Port where the Pope keeps his Gallies are likewise in Tuscany The Campania of Rome in ancient times called Latium hath to the East La Terra d' Lavoro of the Kingdom of Naples to the South the Sea to the West Tuscany from which it is separated by the Tibre and to the North Abruzzo its Capital City is Rome so famous that none can compare with it heretofore it gave Laws to the whole World almost and at present extends its power farther than ever seeing the Popes exercise their Authority in America where the Consuls and Emperors of Rome were never known There are many prints of its ancient splendor still extant as the Pantheon which goes by the name of Santa Maria Rotunda the Pillars of Trajan and Antonin Amphitheaters Baths Aqueducts and many other stately remains of Antiquity which by their Ruins publish the Roman Magnificence and Grandeur it stands upon the Tiber at the mouth of which River is the Town of Ostia The other Towns of the Campania of Rome are Tivoli formerly Tybur where are excellent Waters Avagnia Palestrine which is the ancient Preneste Veletri heretofore Velitrae where Augustus was born Terracine and some others The Kingdom of Naples is bounded on the West by the State of the Church and on all other sides by the Sea to wit the Sea of Tuscany on the South that of Ionia on the East and the Gulf of Venice on the North it is divided into several Provinces on the Tuscan Sea are Terra di Lavoro of which Naples is the Capital City that hath a good Port the others are Capoua Pussoli Cajette and Baiae that is ruined The Principality wherein Salerne is Calabria that contains Cosenca and Regio The Basilicate and Principality of Tarento lie on the Ionian Sea and on the Gulf of Venice the Country of Otranto that has a Town of the same name and the Land of Bari in which are Bari and Brindisi Apulia wherein is Manfredonia Abruzzo whereof the Capital Town is Aquila And in that Province also is the Dutchy of Benevento that belongs to the Church The Mark of Ancona lies likewise on the Gulf of Venice in which is a Town of the same name and that of our Lady of Loretto that is much frequented upon the account of Devotion Next after comes Romania its Capital City is Ravenna and the others are Faensa Forli and Imola The Boulognois has Bononia for its Capital which is one of the fairest Cities of Italy The Dutchy of Ferrara with its Metropolis of the same name is Situated on the Po. The Dutchy of Venice wherein is comprehended that delicate City built upon Piles in the Sea Frioli where are Vdena and the Ruins of Aquilea Istria which belongs partly to the Venetians and partly to the Archdukes of Austria bounds Italy on that side the chief Towns of it are Cabo d' Istria Tergeste Parentia and Pola The Marque or Mark Trevisane hath Trevisa Verona and Vicensa The Bishoprick of Trent stretches along the Alpes and its chief City is famous for the last Council held there the Bishoprick of Bellona is in the same Province also The Dutchy of Milan hath the Alpes on the North Piemont on the West Parma on the South and the Venetian State on the East Milan its Capital is one of the greatest Towns of Europe and its Castle one of the best Fortresses in the same Province are also Pavia Cremona Novarra Lodi Como and Vigevano The Metropolis of Piemont is Turin on the Po a lovely City where the Dukes of Savoy keep their Court Pignerol a strong place belonging to France is in the same Province Carmagnole is the chief Town of the Marquisat of Saluces as Casal is in Montferrat The Dutchies of Parma Placentia Modena and Regio have their Capital Cities of the same names The Dutchy of Mantua hath likewise a City of the same name built in the middle of a Lake on the River Mince These Dutchies that we have now named lie in that part of Italy which the Romans called Gallia Cisalpina because the Gaules were planted there and that as to them it was on this side of the Alpes it was afterwards called Lombardy from the Lombards that Conquered it which name it still retains it is on the South shut up by the Apennine Hills the Alpes on the North and West and by the Gulf of Venice and the River Pisaura or Foglia on the East A great part of the Venetian State lies in that Region as Crema a strong Town Bergamo with its Territory and Eresse or Brescia wirh its Dependances The Dutchy of Spoleto and that of St. Vrbin which belongs to the Holy See have each of them a Capital Town of the same name and are Situated upon the Apennine Mountains in the Center of Italy In the first is the Town of Assise where St. Francis was born within the second is enclosed the little Republick of St. Marin under the Protection of the Pope The chief Rivers of Italy that fall into the Mediterranean are the Var which runs through the County of Nice and divides it from Provence the Magra which divides Liguria called Riviera di Genoa from Tuscany the Arne that passes by Florence and Pisa the Tiber that runs by Rome and is augmented by Teverone and Chiara the Garigliano heretofore Liris and the Vulturno Into the Gulf of Venice fall Lofanto Pescara and Tronto which are in the Kingdom of Naples the Foglia that is is in the Mark of Ancona Rubicon at present Pisatello that heretofore divided Gallia Cisalpina
Empire of the Sophy of Persia and is bounded on the West by the Turkish Empire on the East by that of the great Mogol on the North by the Tartars from whom it is divided by the River Oxus now Abiamus and on the South by the Gulf of Persia and the Indian Sea In a word it Reaches from Tygris to Indus and from the Caspian to the Persian Sea containing several Provinces Persia Sustana Parthia Media Affyria Hircania Paropamisa Margiana Carmania and Gedrosia all which have lost both their Names and Limits The Metropolis of these States is Hispahan or Isfaham a great and fair City containing many stately Palaces where the Sophy keeps his Court and usually resides It lies in Parthia now a days called Hierak The other Towns of that Province are Cassan Argistan Jex Saba and Targazin In the Province of Persia now called Farsy is the Town of Siras which is taken for the Ancient Persepolis burnt by Alexander Susiana which is called Cusistan hath for its Chief City Sus formerly Susa the Imperial Seat of Ahassuerus Media now a days Servan hath the City of Tauris which is the Ecbatana of the Ancients Assyria whereof the Turk possesses part hath Mosul for its Capital which is the Ancient Ninive the Metropolis of the Assyrians Hircania is called Diargument its principal Towns are Mazandaron and Strava Paropamisal at present Sablestan hath Candahar for its chief Town which gives also a name to all the Province Margiana or Elsabar hath Mexed for its principle Town where the Kings of Persia are Interred Carmania hath Chirman from which it takes its modern name Gedrosia or Circan hath the Town of Calamate The most Remarkable Isles of Persia are in the Gulf of that Name that of Ormus is near the Sreights and hath a Town of the same name Ruined at present The Isle of Baharem is famous by reason that about it they fish for and take the lovliest Oriental Pearls The Sophy of Persia is Mahumetan but follows the Doctrine of Aly Mahcmets Son in Law whom the Turks reckon a Heretick The Persians are of their Prince his Sect and civilized and polished and much of the humour of the French The Christian Religion is suffered there and in Hispahan it self there are Convents of several Orders as bare-footed Carmelites Capuchins Minims and many others CHAP. IV. The Empire of the great MOGOL GUINEA NIGRITA RVM REGIO EAST INDIA PORTUGALL THE Ancients divided the East-Indies into India on this side and India on t'other side of Ganges In the first called now Indostan which lies between that and another River named Indus is the Empire of the great Mogol It hath to the North Turquestan to the West the States of Persia to the South the Territories of several Princes which we shall hereafter mention and to the East the Kingdom of Bengala It is divided into several Kingdoms which carry generally the Names of their Capital Cities as Agra Lahor Delli Kabul Caximir but the Kingdom of Sinda hath Tatah for Metropolis The usual place of Residence of that Monarch is Lahor his Palace is Magnificent and he is the Richest Prince in the World in precious Stones He is Mahumetan and most of his Subjects follow the same Religion but there are many Christians and Idolaters amongst them and a Sect of Pythagoreans who hold it a deadly Sin to eat any thing that ever had life who are there called Bannians CHAP. V. The other States of the EAST-INDIES and what the PORTUGUESE and other Nations Possess there BEfore we proceed further we must take a view of the other Kingdoms of the East-Indies and of what the King of Portugal Possesses there that we may not be obliged to come back to the same parts again These Indies have two Peninsules which are divided by the Bay of Bengala That which is on the West side contains the Kingdoms of Decan Onar Barcelor Canara and some others with the Coast of Malabar in which are the Kingdoms of Calicut Cochin Coulan and others all bearing the Names of their Capital Towns They are Scituated on the Western part of this Peninsule Towards the Eastern is the Coast of Coromandel where are Negapatan Maliapor or St. Thomas and the Kingdom of Bisnagar Narsingue Golconde and Orixa which bear the Names of their chief Cities The two Coasts of this Peninsule are divided by Mount Gate which ends at Cape Comorin The Countrey scituated on this Mountain is called Balagate At the Entry of the other Peninsule which is to the East we meet with the Kingdoms and Cities of Pegu Siam Camboia and Tunquin and in the Penninsule is the Kingdom of Malacca with its City of the same Name which is the Southermost Extremity thereof In the Entry of the other Peninsule which is to the West is the Kingdom of Cambaya with a City of the same Name and another called Surrat which is very large and a place of great Trade and the Residence of our English President of India Thu Kingdam of Bengala is near the mouth of Ganges between the States of the Mogol and Pegu. The King of Portugal possesses the Isle of Diu near the Kingdom of Cambaya which has a Town of the same Name near the Kingdome of Decan the City of Goa one of the greatest Towns of the Indies and the Residence of the Archbishop and Vice-Roy some places on the Coast of Malabar and on the other side he had heretofore Maliapur a considerable Town where it is beleeved the Body of St. Thomas is In the other Peninsule formerly he held Malacca which the Dutch have since taken from him Besides these he hath several Islands and some places in others which belong not wholly to himself CHAP. VI. The Kingdom of CHINA SOme Authors make this Kingdom as big as all Europe so vast is its Extent It hath the Ocean to the East Cochinchina to the South and to the West the Indies and part of Tartary which it hath likewise in the North and from which it is seperated by that Famous Wall of Four hundred Leagues in Length It is divided into Fifteen Provinces the Names of which it is not very material to know There are above Two thousand Cities reckoned to be in this great Kingdom and of them Peking is the Chief and the Imperial Seat of their Kings That Throne was overturned by the Tartars who ruined this Empire and possest the greatest part thereof but the Natives have lately recovered their Liberty again and expulsed the Conquerers Nanquin Xanton and Amus are the most considerable CHINA TARTARIA Cities and the least is as big if not bigger than London There are in this Kingdom many Fair Navigable Rivers the chief of which are the Yellow and the Blew called in the Chinese Language Caramoran and Jansuguiam and Chincheo that passes by the Stately City of Amus The Chineses are Idolaters and Worship the Heavens and Stars with many Idols that they place in their Temples The Jesuites have
three These three last Streights joyn the North and South Seas together and serve for a passage from one to the other Between Califurnia and new Mexico there is a Gut of Sea or Streights which is called the Vermeillian Sea and was taken for a Bay before that Califurnia was discovered to be an Island We must not omit a Sea that is separated from all others and which indeed is but a Lake of a vast extent and that is the Caspian Sea called at present the Sea of Bachu or Kilan The Ancients imagined it to have been a Bay or Gulf of the North Sea but it is now known to be on all sides encompassed with Land it hath Persia to the South and Tartary to the North of it In some Relations it is reckoned to be eight hundred Leagues in Circumference Let us now give a hint of the greatest Rivers in the World beginning with those that fall into the Ocean on all sides of our Continent or old World In Europe are the River Tagus the Garronne the Loyre the Sein the Scheld the Rhine and the Elbe In Asia the Oby the yellow and blue Rivers Ganges and Indus In Africa Cuama the River de Spiritu Sancto the Zaire and the Niger In America the Rivers of St. Laurence Oranoque the Amazons and Rio de la Plata Into the Mediterranean Sea on the side of Europe fall the Ebre the Rhosne and the Tiber into the Gulf of Venice the Po into the Euxin Sea the Danube and the Borysthenes now called Nieper and the River Tanais runs into the Palus Meotis On the African Shore the Mediterranean receives no famous River but the Nile In Asia Euphrates and Tygris having mingled their streams fall into the Persian Gulf and the Volga into the Caspian The Oder and the Weissel or Vistula discharge themselves into the Baltick and the Duina into the White Sea We shall not speak of the chief Lakes till we come to describe the particular Regions wherein they are But we will here subjoyn the most noted Mountains of the World such as in Europe are the Pyrenees the Alps and Appenine-Hills In Asia Taurus Caucasus and Imaus in Africa Atlas and the Mountains of the Moon and in America the Cordilleras or Andes The Islands we shall describe as we come to the several parts of the Earth near to which they lie Thus Reader you have a general description of the whole Earth and Seas that environs it or fall into its bosom We must now descend to a more particular Description and shall begin with that of Europe CHAP. III. Europe EUROPE SPAINE EVROPE whereof we have already mentioned the limits is the smallest but most considerable for Learning and Arts of the four parts of the World it comprehends the following Kingdoms and Regions Spain France Italy the Low Countries Germany Hungary Transilvania Moldavia Walachia Bessarabia Dalmatia Bosnia Servia Bulgaria Romania Greece Norway Denmarke Sweden Poland Prussia Lithuania Livonia or Liefland Muscovy and the lesser Tartary It s chief Islands in the Ocean are Great-Britain Ireland the Orcades and Hebrides Iseland and the Azores In the Mediterranean Sea Majorca Minorca and Yvica the Isle of Elbe Corsica Sardinia Sicily Candia Negropont and many more in the Archipelago We shall speak of its Rivers Lakes and Mountains when we treat of the Regions wherein they are CHAP. IV. Spain SPAIN is surrounded by Seas on three sides on the East and South it is watered with the Mediterranean and the Famous Streights of Gibraltar divide it from Africa to the West it hath the Atlantick Ocean and to the North partly the Cantabrick Ocean or Bay of Biscay and partly the Pyrenean Mountains that reach from the Mediterranean to the Ocean and divide it from France most part of its Provinces are honoured with the Title of Kingdoms On the Mediterranean are Catalonia of which the Metropolis is Barcelonna a large City with a Sea-Port the other Towns are Terragonna an Archbishoprick Tortose Gironne Lerde or Lerida The Kingdom of Valencia with a Metropolis of the same name and Alicant the Country about which produces the best Wines in Spain The Kingdom of Murcia the chief City whereof carries the same name In this Province stands Carthagena a very good Sea-Port The Kingdom of Granada that hath its name from its Metropolis lies to the West of that and hath the Cities of Malaga and Almeria Andalusia is partly on the Mediterranean and Streights of Gibraltar and partly on the Ocean It s chief City is Seville one of the loveliest Towns in the World seated on the Guadalquivir It s other Towns are Cordova the Native place of Seneca and Lucan Xeres from whence our Sherries come Saint Lucar and the Famous Port of Cadez or Cales which stands in a small Island of that name very near to the Main on its East side The Provinces washed by the Ocean are The Kingdom of Algarve its Cities are Sylvis and El Fare The Kingdom of Portugal anciently called Lusitania which hath Lisbon a large fair City and Arch-bishoprick for its Capital the other chief Cities thereof are Braga an Arch-bishops See Evora and Conimbre a Famous University this is now and for many Ages hath been subject to a King of its own independent of Spain The Kingdom of Galicia hath Compostella where the Body of St. James is for its Metropolis and Corunna a good Sea-Port this is the North-West corner of Spain Asturia whereof Oviedo is the Metropolis lies to the East of Galicia fronting the Bay of Biscay and yet more Easterly on the same Coast lies Biscay whereof the chief City is Bilboe And to this is adjoyned Guipuscoa whereof Tolose or Tolosette is the Capital City it s other Cities are St. Sebastian which hath a good Port and Fontarabie At the foot of the Pyrenees are the Kingdoms of Navarre and Arragon Pampelonna is the Metropolis of the Kingdom of Navarre it s other Cities are Victoria and Estella Sarragossa is the Capital City of the Kingdom of Arragon and a University the others are Huesca Alharazin Calatayud which some take for the ancient Bilbilis the Native Town of the Poet Martial In the heart of Spain are Leon the two Castilles the old and new and Estremadura The Metropolis of the Kingdom of Leon bears the same name Astorga and Semora are its other Cities Bourgos an Archbishops seat is the Capital City of old Castille it s other chief Towns are Valladolid where some Kings of Spain have kept their Courts Palenca Salamanca a famous University Numance that heretofore resisted the Roman Forces so long was in this Province but there remains no Footstep of it at present Toledo is the Metropolis of new Castille and the Archbishop of it is Primate of all Spain it is a stately and large City The other chief Towns of that Province are Madrid the usual Residence of the Kings of Spain and five Leagues West from that the famous Monastery of St. Laurence called the
Sintra 38 4 9 1 Casoales 38 3 9 1 Atalaia 39 1 10 3 Santarem 39 0 10 2 Almerin 39 0 10 3 Obedes 39 1 9 4 Berleng Island 39 1 9 1 Rock of Lisbon 38 3 9 1 Cape de Spiehel 38 1 9 3 In the Province of Alentejo Evora 38 0 11 1 Elvas 38 2 11 5 Portalegro 39 0 11 5 Villa Vicosa 38 2 11 4 Beja or Bexa 37 3 10 5 Olivenza 38 1 11 5 Montalva 39 1 11 5 Estramoz 38 2 11 2 Avis 38 4 11 1 Aliastiel 37 2 10 3 St. Jago de Cacem 37 3 10 0 In the Kingdom of Algarve Silves 36 5 10 2 Lagos 36 3 10 0 Fare 36 3 10 4 Tavila 36 4 11 0 Cape St. Vincent 36 3 9 4 CHAP. V. France FRANCE is bounded on the East by Italy from which it is divided by the River Var and the Alpes by Savoy Switzerland the Franche Comte Germany and the Low-Countries which are likewise to the North of it with the Channel or Narrow Sea that divides it from England on the West by the Ocean and on the South by the Pyrenean Hills and the Mediterranean We shall first describe its Provinces that are washed by the Ocean proceeding from North to South Pieardie hath Amiens for its Capital City the other more considerable Towns are Abbeville Perone Roye Corbie St. Quintin Calais and Boulogne which two are Sea-Ports Soissons Laon Beauvais Montrueil Dourlans Crecy where Philip de Valois lost a Battel to the English Guise and Rhetel Normandy hath Rouen its Capital it s other principal Towns are Eureux Bayeux Caen Diepe Constance Auranche and Havre de Grace Bretagne whereof Rennes is the Capital City Nantes Vannes S. Malo Beauport Lantriguier Brest and Blavet are its other Towns Poictou contains Poictiers its chief Towns Luson Maillezais Niord Fontenay Chastelleraud Rochel is in the Aulnis Xaintonge hath for its Capital Xaintes where some Roman Antiquities are still to be seen it s other Towns are Blay and St. John d' Angeli Guienne hath Bourdeaux upon the Garonne for its principal City at the mouth of that River stands the Tower of Cordouan a stately building and serves for a Sea Mark to Ships Under the name of Guienne several Countries are comprehended as the Agenois where are Agea Marmande Clairae the Condomois where are Condom and Nerac The County D' Armagnac where are Auch and Lectoure the County of Cominges where are Bertrand Coserans and Lombez the other Towns of Guienne are Bazas Ayres Acqs and Bayonne FRANCE The Basse Navarre lies at the foot of the Pyrenees its chief Towns are Palais and St. John de Pied de Port. The Principality of Bern is likewise at the foot of these Mountains its Capital is Pau and the other Towns of any note are Oleron and Lescar Bigorre hath Tarbes for its Capital Bagueres is likewise considerable there because of its hot Baths from whence it has its name The County of Foix lies at the foot of the same Mountains besides its chief Town of the same name it hath the Town of Pamies The County of Roussillon taken from the Spaniard has the same Situation and Perpignan is its Capital Languedoc comes next and stretches along the Mediterranean which it hath to the South being bounded on the North by the Mountains of Anvergue The Rhosne divides it from Provence and Dauphine on the East and Guienne borders on it to the West its Capital City is Tholonze Montpelier is the next the Bishops seat was at Maguelonne which is now ruined nothing remaining but two Churches It stood in an Isle in the middle of a Pool or Lake which hath Communication with the Sea This is that Town which Ptolomy calls Agatha and which some Geographers take for Agde but that Authors calls this last Agathopolis near the Eraut which removes all doubt besides that he calls Agatha an Isle and City Now there never was any City in an Isle upon that Coast except Maguelonne alone which changed its name with the Fate and Wrack of the Roman Empire It is somewhat strange that the greatest Geographers should have been ignorant of this which is so easie to be perceived by any that will consider Ptolomy and the Situation of that Country I make this remark in favour of Montpellier which is enlarged by the Ruins of Maguelonne enriched with its spoils and adorned with its Bishoprick which was transferred thither by Pope Paul the third in the Reign of Francis the first the Year one thousand five hundred and thirty six The other Towns of Languedoc are Narbonne an ancient Roman Colony as well as Nismes which by its stately Antiquities still shews what was heretofore the splendor of that place There is an Amphitheatre the most entire of any that is to be seen of that kind in the World a Royal Palace and some other magnificent Reliques of the Roman Age. Four Leagues from this City is a stately Aqueduct which is called the Pont du Guard because it is upon a River of that name Carcasson Besiers Agde Viviers and Beaucaire famous for the Fair of Magdalent are the other Towns of this Province which is one of the pleasantest in France Provence is divided from Languedoc that lies to the West of it by the Rhosne and from the County of Nice which it hath to the East by the Var and from Piemont by the Alpes it hath the Mediterranean to the South and Dauphine to the North its chief Towns are Aix its Capital Marseilles Arles Frejul Thoulon one of the best Sea-Ports in France Hieres and some others St. Maximin preserves the Body of Mary Magdalen The County of Venaissen that belongs to the Pope is shut in within the limits of this Province its Towns are Avignon Carpentras Cavaillon and Vaison The Principality of Orange belonging to the Princes of the House of Nassaw who from thence have their Title is inlocked within the County of Venaissin There is no considerable Town in it but that of Orange where are the Ruins of an Amphitheater and a Triumphal Arch of Marius Dauphine which is divided from Languedoc by the Rhosne and from Piemont by the Alpes contains these principal Towns following Grenoble its Capital and Ambrun this upon the Durance and that upon the Isere Vienna and Valence upon the Rhosne both very ancient The Lyonnois is to the North of Dauphine and Lions one of the greatest and fairest Cities of France is its Capital it 's situated on a point where the Saone mingles its still and gentle waters with the rapid streams of the Rhosne it hath no other Towns of great note Bresse is to the North of the Lyonnois it s chief Towns are Bourg in Bresse Montluel Pont de Vaux and St. Julian The Principality of Dombes which belongs to Madamoiselle of Montpensier Cousin German to the King of France is inclosed within Bresse the chief Town of it is Trevoulx The Dutchy of Burgundy lies Northward from the
Dukedom of Luxembourg Thionville 49 3 27 4 Montmedy 49 3 26 5 Marville 49 3 27 0 In the Spanish Flanders Newport 51 2 24 0 Dixmude 51 1 24 0 Ostend 51 2 24 1 Bruges 51 2 24 2 Courtray 50 5 24 3 Gaunt 51 1 25 0 Damm 51 2 24 2 Blaukemburg 51 3 24 2 Dendermond 51 1 25 3 Rupelmond 51 2 25 3 Alost 51 0 25 3 Oudenard 51 0 25 0 In Brabant Brussels 50 5 25 4 Vilvorden 51 0 25 5 Malines or Mechlin 51 1 25 5 Antwerp 51 2 25 4 Lovain 51 0 26 0 Nivelle 50 4 25 4 Gemblours 50 4 26 0 Judoign 50 4 26 2 Tillemont 50 5 26 2 Lewe 51 0 26 3 Deist 51 1 26 2 Arscott 51 1 26 1 Herentals 51 2 26 2 Lire 51 2 26 0 In Hannault Hall 50 5 25 4 Enghien 50 5 25 2 Brain le Comte 50 4 25 3 Mons 50 3 25 2 St. Guislain 50 3 25 1 Binch 50 3 25 3 At h 50 5 25 1 Ligue 50 4 25 0 In Namour Namour 50 3 26 2 Bovines 50 2 26 1 Charleroy 50 3 25 5 In the Dutchy of Limburg Limburg 50 4 27 3 Mastrickt 51 0 27 1 In the Dutchy of Luxembourg Luxembourg 49 4 27 4 Arlon 49 5 27 2 Newchâtel 49 5 26 5 Marche 50 2 26 5 La Roche 50 2 27 1 Bastoygne 50 0 27 2 In the Country of Leige Leige 50 4 27 0 Huy 50 4 26 4 Dinant 50 2 26 2 St. Hubert 50 1 26 5 St. Truyen 50 5 26 3 Tongres 50 5 26 5 Visett 50 5 27 1 Hassalt 51 0 26 4 Maseyck 51 1 27 1 In the Estates of the United Provinces in Flanders Cadsant 51 3 24 4 Hulste 51 2 25 2 Sas de Gaunt 51 2 25 0 Lillo 51 3 25 3 Sluce 51 2 24 4 In Brabant Bergen op Zoam 51 3 25 3 Breda 51 4 26 0 Bois le duc 51 4 26 3 Ravestein 51 5 26 5 Grave 51 5 27 0 In Zeeland Middlebourg 51 3½ 24 5 Flussing 51 3 24 5 Helveet sluce 51 5 25 2 Brewers haven 51 4 25 0 Brille 52 0 25 1 Tolen 51 4 25 2 Somerdike 51 5 25 2 Goree 51 5 25 1 In the Earldom of Holland Amsterdam 52 3 26 0 Harlem 52 3 25 4 Leyden 52 1 25 4 Hague 52 1 25 2 Delft 52 0½ 25 2 Rotterdam 52 0 25 4 Dort 51 5 25 5 Gouda 52 1 25 5 Gorcum 51 5 26 1 Heusden 51 5 26 2 Gertrudenburg 51 4 26 0 Muyden 52 2 26 1 Narden 52 2 26 3 In North Holland  Lat. Long. Alkmaer 52 5 25 5 Medenblick 52 5 26 2 Eukhusen 52 5 26 3 Horn 52 5 26 1 Edam 52 4 26 1 Monikidam 52 3½ 26 1 In West-Friesland Lewarden 53 2 27 0 Dockum 53 3 27 1 Staveren 53 1 26 4 Harlingen 53 2 26 4 Franiker 53 2 26 5 Bolsvart 53 1½ 26 5 In the Lordship of Croningen Groningen 53 2 27 5 Damm 53 3 28 0 Delfzeil 53 3 28 1 In the Lordship of Vtrecht Vtrecht 52 1 26 2 Amersfort 52 2 26 4 In the Province of Over-Issel Deventer 52 3 27 3 Zowll 52 4½ 27 2 Campen 52 4 27 1 Cowerden 53 0 28 0 Oldenzeel 52 3 28 2 Steenwick 53 0 27 2 Meppel 52 5 27 3 In the Dutchy of Gueldres Harderwick 52 3 26 5 Hattem 52 4 27 1 Arnheim 52 0½ 27 0 Seenksconse 51 5½ 27 2 Bommel 51 5 26 3 Tiel 51 5½ 26 4 Nimeguen 52 0 27 0 Grave 51 5 27 0 Gueldres 51 3 27 4 Venlo 51 2 27 3 Genep 51 5 27 1 In the Earldom of Zutphen Zutphen 52 2 27 3 Doesburg 52 1 27 3 Borkelo 52 2 28 0 Groll 52 1 28 0 Brefort 52 0 27 5 Iselbourg 51 5 27 5 The Islands adjoyning The Texel 53 1½ 26 0 The Vlie 53 3 26 1 Schelling 53 3½ 26 3 Ameland 53 4 27 0 CHAP. VIII Germany GErmany has on the East side Prussia Poland and Hungary the Baltick Sea Denmark and Ocean on the North on the West the Low-Countries and France and the Alps which divide it from Italy on the South On the Baltick Sea are Pomerania whereof Stetin is the Capital City and Gripsuald and Colberg two others The Dutchy of Meckelbourg whereof the chief City is Swerin GERMANY Upon the Ocean are the Dutchy of Holsace or Holstein in which are Hambourg and Lubeck The County of Emden called otherways East-Friesland to distinguish it from that whereof we spoke in the Low-Countries its chief Town carries also the name of Emden it has likewise another Town called Aurich Along the Rhine upwards lies Westphalia whereof the most remarkable Towns are Munster Paderborne Soest Breme Oldembourg the Capital of a County of the same name The Diocesses of Cologne Mayence and Treves with their Metropolitan Cities of the same name the Palatinate of the Rhine whereof Heidelberg is the Capital City the Dutchy of Baden the Diocesses of Worms and Spire High and Low Alsace Strasbourg is the chief City of this and Brisac and Fribourg are the chief Towns of the other which is one of the last Conquests of France At the head of the Rhine and in the Alps are the Swisses divided into thirteen Cantons Zurich Berne Lucerne Basle Schaffhouzen Fribourg Zug Glaris Switz Appeuzel Soleurre Vnderwald and Vri this last hath no Towns but Altorf is its chief Burrough all the other Cantons have their names from their Capital Cities and from that of Switz the people are called Switzers and the Country Switzerland The Country of Valois lies along the Rhosne and its chief City is Syon the Bishop whereof is a Temporal Lord. The Grisons are united with the Swisses and Coire is their Capital City Along the Danube are Suabia which comprehends the Dutchy of Wittemberg the chief Towns whereof are Tubinge and Stutgard in Suabia properly so called are Ausbourg Vlme and Nordlingen The Dutchy of Bavaria whereof the Capital is Munich the other Cities are Saltsbourg Ratisbonne and Ingolstat and in the Palatinat of Bavaria Amberg its Capital and Nuremberg an Imperial City The Arch-Dutchy of Austria is to the East of Bavaria its Metropolis is Vienna the usual Residence of the Emperor The County of Tirol is to the South of Bavaria it hath a City of the same name but Inspruck is the Capital thereof Stiria hath Grats Carinthia hath St. Veit and Villach and Carniola Laubach for its Capital these Provinces as well as the County of Tirol belong to the Arch-Dukes of Austria and lie Southward of that Arch-Dutchy Then going from South to North beyond Austria lie Moravia with Olmutz its Capital City Silesia that hath Vratslavia commonly called Breslau for its Metropolis The Marquisat of Brandenbourg divided into two Marches the ancient in which is Brandenbourg and the new wherein is Francfort upon the Oder which are their Capitals but the Residence of their Prince is commonly at Berlin Saxony is in the heart of Germany
46 2 Medwish 47 2 47 4 Stephunople 47 1 49 1 Vasarl el 47 3 49 2 Czyck 47 4 48 4 Kisdy 47 3 48 0 Newmark 47 3 47 2 Torda 47 2 46 5 Dees 43 3 46 2 Chiche 47 4 46 1 Zatmurbania 48 0 46 0 Rodna 48 0 46 2 Tekendorph 47 4 46 5 Rothmburn 46 4 48 2 Moldavia Soczowa 47 3 50 3 Targored 46 5 50 3 Jassy 47 3 51 5 Sereth 46 5 50 0 Pudna 45 3 51 1 Burlach 46 2 51 4 Walachia Orano 45 0 47 0 Zelatna 45 3 47 5 Tarvis 45 5 49 4 Ermistat 45 0 50 1 Braislaw 46 3 49 3 Bessarabia Tekyn 47 4 54 1 Bicelegrod 47 3 56 3 Kilia Nova 46 0 55 2 Kiliastry 46 4 55 4 Tartars upon the mouth of the Nieper     Gracow     Kudack     Stirlnicza     Crim Tartars neer the Lake Maeotis or Petlt Tartary     Tartaria Precop Capha Turk 47 1 64 4 Basiesara 47 5 63 5 Strayt or Precop 49 0 63 3 Kerci 47 5 66 5 Azow or Asack Turkish 51 2 73 0 CHAP. XII Sclavonia Bosnia Servia Bulgaria and Romania LIburnia and Dalmatia are but a part of that which was anciently called Illirium and since Sclavonia from the Sclavonians that seated themselves there it comprehended besides Croatia Stiria Carinthia Carniola and many other Provinces bordering on the Danube and Adriatick Sea Dalmatia hath to the West Istria to the North Croatia to the East Albania and to the South the Gulf of Venice the most remarkable Towns of it are Zara Sebenieo Spalatro which belong to the Venetians and Raguza which is taken for the ancient Epidaurus and is a small Republick Tributary to the Turk The Capital City of Croatia is Gradischia of Bosnia Belgrade Servia hath Semandria and Bulgaria Sophia for its Capital these two Provinces are the ancient Moesia Romania heretofore called Thrace hath Constantinople for its Metropolis it was anciently called Bizantium and was the Seat of the Grecian Emperors as it is at present of the Ottoman it is Situated on the Bosphorus of Thrace called now the Channel of the Black Sea and is one of the fairest and largest Cities in the World The stately remains of the Church of St. Sophia built by Justinian and now converted into a Mosque are to be seen there with the Seraglio which is the Palace of the Grand Seignior and one of the fairest in the World The other Cities of that Country are Adrianople Philippopoli Philippi Trajanopoli Gallipoli and Sestos on the Hellespont opposite to Abidos in Asia where are two Castles called the Dardanelli which defend the passage to the Sea of Marmora and Constantinople CHAP. XIII Greece UNDER the name of Greece were anciently comprehended Macedonia Epirus Thessaly Phocis Baeotia Achaia Peloponesus and some other Provinces which have now lost both names and their limits they are environed by the Egean Sea or Archipelago on the East by the Cretan or Sea of Candy on the South by the Ionian and Adriatick Seas on the West and Maesia on the North. The chief Towns of Macedonia are Salonichi heretofore Thessalonica Pella famous for the birth of Alexander and Stagira for that of Aristotle Mount Athos now called Monte-Santo and the River Strimon are in this Province Croia is the Capital of Albania heretofore called Epirus it s other Towns are Durazzo La Valona and Scutari The Cities of Thessaly are Larissa and Pharsalia whose Fields were dyed with the Roman blood in that famous Battel wherein Caesar overcame Pompey there is the River Peneus and the Valley of Tempe the Mounts Olympus Ossa and Pelion so Celebrated in the Writings of the ancient Poets Phocis had in ancient times the City of Delphos with the Temple of Apollo renowned for its Oracle all the World over there you may see the Mount Parnassus heretofore Sacred to the Muses and so Celebrated by the Poets now inhabited by nothing but ignorance and Barbarism Thebes was the Capital of Baeotia where Bacchus Hercules and Pindaer were born Attica was the chief Province of Achaia and in it was Athens the Nursery of many great Men it was the Residence of the Learned and the Heroes there remain in it now but some pitiful ruinous places which are called Setines Megara Eleusis and some others Pelopenesus called at present Morea is almost and Island joyned to Achaia by a Neck of Land which was called the Isthmus of Corinth from the adjoyning City of that name the other Towns were Mycene Argos Sycione Pisa where the Olympick Games were Celebrated and where that famous Statue of Jupiter Olympus stood which was reckoned one of the seven wonders of the World Sparta or Lacedaemon all Famous and Learned Cities but now buried under their own Ruins and Barbarity as all Greece is which though heretofore the School of the Liberal Arts and Sciences is now plunged into an abyss of ignorance and groans under the Tyranny of the Turks These follow the Religion of their Prophet Mahomet and the Native Greeks that of the Greek Church A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places of Turky in Europe In Bosnia  Lat. Long. Saraio 44 4 42 4 Jaicza 44 4 41 4 Bagnialuo 44 0 42 2 Ternovzza 44 2 43 2 In Servia Pristina 43 2 44 1 Novibazur 43 2 46 5 Drin 43 3 45 0 Semandrie 44 2 47 4 In Bulgaria Nizza 43 4 47 3 Guistadile 44 0 48 2 Viddin 44 5 47 4 Nigeboli 44 0 51 3 Vzckub 43 0 48 0 Sosie 43 0 50 3 Haresgred 44 0 50 2 Axiopoli 45 0 51 2 Silistra 43 3 50 3 In Romania Constantinople or Stamboli 43 0 56 2 Chiorkick 43 0 55 0 Gallipoli 41 4 55 4 Adrianople 43 1 53 0 Eschibaba 44 1 53 2 Trajanople 42 3 53 2 Nicopoli 42 2 51 2 Kirkliss 43 3 50 4 Caridio 41 3 55 0 Mesembria 44 4 54 4 Sost 41 1 55 2 Varna 45 0 54 4 Tomi 45 4 55 0 Silistria 45 2 52 3 Zelmi 44 4 52 2 Asperosa 41 4 52 2 In Macedonia Phillippi 41 4 51 5 Cavula 41 5 50 4 Strimon 42 2 50 2 Heraclia 42 2 40 2 Middle of Mont Sabo or Mont Athos 41 0 52 0 Cassandria 50 4 50 1 Saelonichi 41 2 49 0 Veria 41 0 48 0 Contessa 41 3 51 2 Acomania 40 4 50 1 In Thessaly Larissa 39 3 48 4 Armiro 38 5 49 2 Tricca 39 1 47 5 In Achia I. Negropont 38 1 51 0 Corone 38 0 50 0 Stives or old Thebes 38 0 50 0 Marathron 37 4 50 5 Setines or Athens 37 1 50 4 Megara 37 2 49 3 Solona or Delph 37 5 48 2 Lepanto 37 3 47 5 In Morea or Peloponesis Patras 37 0 47 4 Coranio     Pylos 36 3 47 0 Sangaenico 36 1 47 4 Arcadia 35 2 47 3 Coron 35 0 49 1 Modon 34 5 48 2 In
Regiomontum The Capital of Lithuania is Vilua In Livonia or Liefland are the Towns of Riga Reuel and Torpach it belongs almost wholly to the Suede being yielded to that Crown by the Treaty of Oliva in the Year 1660. The Capital of Massovia is Warsaw of Podlassia Bijelsko Caminiek and Bar are in Podolia and Vlodimer in Volhinia Leopolis an Archbishoprick is the Metropolis of Russia-Nigra Samogithia is also a Province of that State but hath neither Town nor Castle The Rivers of that Country are the Vistula or Weisel that passes by Cracocovia Sandomeria and Dantzick The D'una passing by Riga into Lithuania The Boristhenes or Nieper bounds these States on the East having its mouth in the Vkraine the Country of the Cosacques who are under the Dominion of the King of Poland but none of the best Subjects The Catholick Religion is the strongest in these States but the Calvinist and Lutheran are professed there also A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in Poland and Lytuania Prussia Royal to Poland  Lat. Long. Dantzick 54 2 41 5 Elbing 54 1 42 4 Marienburg 53 5 42 1 Newenburg 53 3 41 5 Gulm 53 1 41 4 Thorn 53 0 41 4 Prussia Ducal to Brandenburg Brandenburg 54 3 43 4 Koningsburg 54 3 44 0 Alterburg 54 2 44 4 Tilse 54 5 45 4 Memmel 55 4 45 0 Samagotia in North Russia Midnick ab Nomie 55 3 46 1 Rosienne 55 2 46 5 Heligaw 56 0 44 4 Birce 56 0 48 5 Tauragen 55 1 46 1 Curland in North Russia Mittaw 56 3 47 3 Goldingen 56 4 45 4 Windaw 57 0 45 0 Liba 56 2 44 4 Plenen 57 1 46 2 Lithuania Palatinate de Poloczk Poloczk 55 2 53 3 Rosian 55 0 55 2 Drissa 55 5 52 1 Pal. de Witepsk Scasnistere 55 0 54 2 Witepsk 55 2 55 4 Witlisst 55 4 57 0 Vla 55 0 54 3 Horodeck 55 4 55 3 Pal. of Vilna Breslaw 55 4 50 4 Vilna 54 3 29 1 Froki 54 3 48 4 Milkemirs 55 0 48 4 Opixty 55 1 49 0 Pal. of Troki Troki 54 3 48 4 Pubinki 54 5 49 2 Kowne 54 4 47 4 Grodne 53 4 47 3 Lida 53 5 49 0 Wilkewiska 53 1 48 3 Bielica 53 4 49 1 Asuriana 54 2 49 4 Pal. d' Minsk Minsk 53 5 51 4 Borislaw 54 0 53 2 Pal. of Novigrodeck Novigrodeck 53 3 49 3 Skenim 53 0 49 0 Hasko 53 0 51 4 Mir 53 2 50 2 Pal. de Mesillaw Mesillaw 54 0 58 0 Orssa 54 2 56 0 Mohilow 53 4 56 0  54 3 47 3 Rohakzo 52 5 55 0 Rzeczyca 52 0 56 0 Pal. of Bressici Bressici     Pinek     Horodeck     Kolne     Nassovia Warsaw 52 1 44 1 Pultansk 52 4 44 3 Czersko 51 5 44 3 Wiskow 52 2 44 2 Nar 52 3 46 1 Wishegred 52 3 43 0 Poland Pal. of Plotsko  Lat. Long. Plotsko 52 3 42 4 Plousko 52 5 43 0 Doberin 52 3 42 2 Reppina 52 5 42 3 Pal. of Inowlocz Inowlocz 52 5 41 2 Wladislaw 52 4 40 4 Fredrelaut 53 2 40 4 Pal. of Posua Posuan 52 2 40 3 Rogosua 52 4 39 5 Welin 52 5 38 5 Krziwin 52 0 40 3 Miedzersee 52 2 38 2 Pal. of Kebish Ghesna 52 3 40 5 Kaelish 51 5 40 5 Navle 52 5 40 1 Lawdic 52 1 41 1 Colo 52 1 41 3 Pal. of Brest Brestie 52 3 42 0 Kraswick 52 4 41 1 Pal. of Rava Rava 51 5 42 3 Gabni 52 2 52 3 Gostinin 52 2 52 4 Pal. of Seradia Serad 51 3 41 0 Telun 51 1 40 5 Krzepick 51 0 41 0 Pal. of Lencici Lencici 52 1 41 4 Bresini 52 3 42 5 Pal. of Saudomira  Lat. Long. Lawichest 51 3 45 0 Saudomire 50 3 44 4 Visliczca 50 1 43 3 Malogocz 50 4 42 5 Zarnaw 51 1 42 5 Radom 51 1 44 0 Pal. of Cracaw Cracow 50 0 42 3 Zacor 49 5 42 0 Nowopol 50 5 41 5 Sandecz 49 4 43 1 Brecz 49 4 43 4 Pal. of Lublin Lublin 51 0 45 1 Czetiche 51 3 44 4 Kazimeeres 51 0 44 4 Lukow 51 4 45 4 Pal. of Bielsk Bielsk 52 4 47 1 Grodeck 62 1 56 2 Aguston 53 4 46 4 Goniutz 53 2 46 1 Drogierin 52 1 46 2 Pal. de Chelia 51 0 46 3 Dubur 50 5 77 1 Kranoslow 50 5 46 0 Pal. of Belez 50 1 47 4 Krilow 50 3 17 2 Pal. de Lemburg Terpold or Low 49 4 46 5 Halicz 48 5 47 5 Premislaw 49 3 45 3 Sanock 49 1 45 1 Sniatin 48 3 48 4 Pal. of Lusuck or Vithinna Mlodzimeers 50 4 47 4 Constantino 51 1 49 5 Horoskle 50 5 52 5 Lusuck 50 4 49 0 Pal. of Kaminieck 49 5 48 4 Barr 49 1 51 2 Bourack 49 0 48 3 Pal. de Bracklaw 52 4 48 5 Minieza 49 2 52 2 Vkrain or Cossacks Country Base Podolia Bialcerkew 50 0 54 4 Grudeck 50 0 53 2 Kiovia 50 4 55 2 Czyetkassia 49 3 56 3 Kudack 48 5 59 3 Krilow 49 2 47 3 Isles of y Tar-Treasure 48 0 58 1 Dutche de Czennihow Moryn 51 2 56 4 Kozel 50 2 57 4 Czernihow 51 5 57 0 CHAP. XVIII The Isles of Europe ENGLAND SCOTLAND IRELAND With the ILES Thereto Belonging ENGLAND SCOTLAND IRELAND The Island of Great Britain which comprehends the Kingdoms of England and Scotland is one of the biggest Islands in the Ocean The Kingdom of England is divided from Scotland that lies to the North by the River of Tweed and Cheviot Hills and from France by a narrow Sea called the Channel the chief Cities thereof are London on the Thames the Metropolis York and Canterbury its two Archbishopricks Oxford and Cambridg two famous Universities and several other great and populous Cities The chief Rivers of England are the Thames the Humber and the Severne This Kingdom is divided into fifty two Counties or Shires reckoning the Dominion of Wales which lies to the West thereof from which the eldest Sons of the Kings of England have their Titles of Princes of Wales Scotland a Kingdom to the North of England hath Edinburgh for its Metropolis St. Andrews and Glasgow two Archbishopricks and Universities and Aberdeen another University with many other Towns of less note the Rivers of Scotland are not very considerable except for Fishing The Orcades to the Northward of Scotland are many in number but only thirteen of them are inhabited and yet more Northerly are the Isles of Shetland belonging likewise to Scotland The Hebrides or Hebudes are to the West of Scotland and are above three hundred in number the greatest of which are Arran Skie and Mule The Isles of Anglesey and Man are to the West of England and the Isle of Wight to the South Ireland heretofore Hibernia lies to the West of England it is a great Island and hath many good Towns Dublin is its
one thousand four hundred and ninety two it is likewise called the West-Indies in distinction from the East-Indies which are in Asia Some Geographers divide the Earth into six parts adding to the four which we have named the Artick towards the Pole that gives it its name and the Antartick towards the South Pole this is called Terra Australis incognita or the Southern Land undiscovered and is thought to make a Continent as big as Europe Asia and Africa Of these two last we shall speak at the end of this Treatise Europe has Asia on the East separated from it by these limits the Egean Sea or Archipelago the Streights of the Dardanelli the Sea of Marmara the Streights of Constantinople the Black Sea the Streights of Caffa the Sea della Zabache the River Tanais and a Line drawn from its most Eastern Bank to the North Sea it hath the same Ocean on the North the Atlantick Sea on the West and the Streights of Gibraltar and Mediterranean Sea that divides it from Africa on the South From West to East that is from Cape St. Vincent in Spain to Constantinople it contains seven hundred seventy five French Leagues and from South to North that is from Cape Malee in Morea to the Northern Cape of the Laplanders eight hundred and twenty five Leagues Asia has to the West the same bounds that divide it from Europe and the Red Sea with the Streights of Suez that divide it from Africa on the South the Indian Ocean the Ocean of China on the East and on the North the Sea of Tartary called Mare Glaciale From East to West it contains seven hundred and fifty Leagues from the Archipelago to the Ocean of China and from South to North a thousand five hundred and fifty reckoning from Malacca to the Sea of Tartary Africa has on the North the Mediterranean Sea on the East the Red Sea with the Isthmus of Suez that divide it from Asia and the Indian Ocean On the South the Ethiopian Sea which with the Atlantick Ocean is likewise to the West of it From West to East that is from Cape Blank to the Cape of Guardafuy it contains a thousand six hundred and fifty Leagues and from South to North that is from the Cape of Good Hope to the Mediterranean Sea a thousand six hundred and seventy It is on all sides encompassed with the Sea except that narrow track of Land between the Red Sea and Mediterranean which is not above thirty Leagues in Length so that it is a perfect Peninsula America hath the North Sea to the East the South Sea to the West to the South the Streights of Magellan which divide it from the Terra del fuego and to the North unknown Lands or Seas It is divided into two great Peninsulaes by the narrow Ibstmus of Panama which is but eighteen Leagues over From South to North that is from the Streights of Magellan to the Northern Ocean it contains three thousand and fifty Leagues and from West to East towards Mexico two thousand nine hundred The Terra Australis and that of the North are so little known to us that their limits and extent cannot as yet be designed Having taken a view of the Earth let us now cast our eyes on the Sea which takes divers names according to the parts of the World where it is or the Countries it washeth That which encompasses Continents is called the Ocean and this likewise hath different appellations as on the West of Europe and part of Africa it is called the Western or Atlantick Ocean towards the Cape of Good Hope the Ethiopick Ocean to the East of Africa the Indian Sea to the East of Asia the Eastern Ocean or Sea of China to the North of Asia the Sea of Tartary and on the same side and towards Europe Mare Glaciale or the Frozen Ocean to the East of America the North Sea and to the West the South These are the general denominations of the Sea but it hath also particular names from the Countreys that lie near to it The chief Gulfs or Bays of the Ocean are the Mediterranean Sea which lies betwixt Europe Africa and Asia the Red Sea betwixt Africa and Asia the Gulf of Persia and that of Bengala in the East-Indies the Baltick Sea encompassed by Germany Sweden and Denmark the Gulf of Mexico and that of St. Laurence in America These Gulfs are joyned to the Ocean by Streights the Mediterranean Sea by the Streights of Gibraltar the Red Sea by that of Babel-mandel the Persian Sea by the Streights of Bassora otherwise of Ormus The Gulfs or rather Bays of Bengala Mexico and St. Laurence have no Streights because their mouth or entry is very large The Baltick Sea has the famous Streight of the Sound The Mediterranean Sea hath some noted Bays that well deserve to be mentioned Betwixt Italy and Dalmatia is the Gulf of Venice called in antient times the Adriatick Sea In Greece is the Gulf of Lepanto heretofore of Corinth And in Macedonia that of Salonica formerly of Thessalonica Between the Egean Sea now called the Archipelago and the Propontis or Sea of Marmora there is a Streight heretofore called the Hellespont and at present the Streights of Gallipoli or the Dardanelli and St. Georges Channel between the Sea of Marmora and the black Sea formerly called the Euxin Sea is the Bosphorus of Thrace which is now a days called the Channel of the Black Sea or Streights of Constantinople because that famous City is seated there betwixt the Black Sea and the Palus Meotides at present called the Sea delle Zabache is the Streights of Caffa heretofore named the Cimmerian Bosphorus Betwixt the Island of Euboea at present Negropont and Greece there is a narrow passage of Sea by the Ancients called Euripus who have affirmed that it ebbed and flowed seven times a day There are some other famous Streights which joyn several parts of the Ocean together or to say better the Ocean to the Ocean it self Towards the Northern Ocean is the Streights of Waigatz between Tartary and nova Zembla between Cathay and the Land of Jesso is the Streights of Jesso between Japan and the Land of Jesso is the Streights of Sengar between the same Land and Califurnia is that of Anian between Estotiland and Greenland is that of Davis between Greenland and the Island of Elizabeth is that of Forbisher Towards Canada is that of Hudson which according to the new Maps is properly a Gulf. Towards the Terra Australis is the famous Streights of Magellan discovered by him who gave it the name in the year one thousand five hundred and twenty between America and the Terra del fuego Betwixt this Land and that of the States is the Streights of Le Maire discovered in the year one thousand six hundred and sixteen And between that Land of the States and the Terra Australis is the Streights of Brouvers discovered in the year one thousand six hundred and forty
Lyonnois between which and it are the Beaujolois the chief Town whereof is Ville Franche and the Maronnois that takes its name from the Town of Maron the chief Towns of Burgundy are Dijon the Capital Authun an ancient Town Chalons on the Saone Beaune Semur and Langres some place Sens and Auxerre here Champaign hath Burgundy to the South and Picardy to the North its chief Towns are Rheins Troyes Chalons on the Marne Bar on the Sein Bar on the Aube Nogent Chaumont in Basigny and Joinville Seeing Champaign joyns Picardy and that we began the Description of the Circuit of France by this we will end it here that we may view the middle of the Kingdom and describe the Provinces that lie there proceeding from North to South Brie lies to the West of Champaign its chief Towns are Meaux Province Lagny Bricomte-Robert and Montereau France properly so called lies West from Brie and hath Picardy to the North it comprehends the Prevostie and Vicecounty of Paris the Isle of France the Valois the Heurepois and the Gastinois Paris is the Metropolis of all this Kingdom the Residence of the Kings and one of the fairest Cities in the World In the Isle of France is St. Denis the burying place of the French Kings Poissi St Germain and Montmorency are the other more remarkable Towns thereof In the Valois are Crespi Senlis and Beauvois with the Beauvoisis is by some also placed there In the Heurepois are Melun Corbeil Moret in the Gastinois are Montargis Nemours Estampes Milly Chastillon and Fontainbleau where the French King has a stately House in a vast Forrest The Beausse hath for chief Towns Orleans Chartres Dreux Chasteaudun Vandosme Meun Nogent le Roy and Blois Perche hath for principal Towns Nogent Le Retrou Molesme and Mortagues Anjou hath Angiers Saumeur and La Fleehe Tourain hath Tours which gives it the name Amboise Loches Chinon where Rablais was born Loudun and some others Sologne hath Remorantin Gergeau and Sully Berry which is almost in the middle of France hath Bourges its chief Town Sancerre Yssoudun Vierzon Dun Le Roy and Selles The Nivernois hath Nevers The Bourbonnois hath Moulins Bourbon L' Ancy and Bourbon L' Archamband The Forrest hath St. Estienne de Feuran Mont Brison Feurs and Rouenne Auvergne is divided into the upper and lower in this are the Towns of Clermont Ryons Montferraud and the Castle of Montpensier in the upper St. Flour and Aurilhac Lymoisin hath Limoges its Capital Town Segur and Chalus which are in the upper and Tulles Vzerche and Brive in the lower called otherways La Marche Quercy hath for Capital Cahors the other considerable Towns are Montauban and Moissac Perigord hath Perigueux Sarlat Bergerac and Miremont Rouvergne hath Rhodez Ville Franche and Milland The Angoulmois Angoulesme Chateau-neuf Coignac and Jarnac where the bloody Battel was fought in time of Charles the Ninth which bears that name And this is a brief Description of all the Provinces of France We must now see what Rivers water it Those that run into the Ocean are the Garonne the Charente the Loyre the Sein and the Somme Into the Mediterranean Sea the Aude the Eraud and the Rhosne The Garonne hath its source in the Pyrenean Hills runs through Guienne passes by Thoulouze and Bourdeaux receives into it the Ariege the Lot the Tarn and the Dordogne and falls into the Ocean near to Bourdeaux The Charente passes by Angoulesme and Xaintes The Loyre hath its Head in Languedoc among the Mountains of Vivarezi from whence it enters into the Forrests and passes by Rouenne where it begins to carry Boats it runs through the Bourbonois the Nivernois Beausse Tourain and Anjou passes by Nevers Orleans Blois Amboise Tours Saumeur and entring a little into Bretaign and having washed Nantes it discharges it self into the Ocean carrying with it the Allier the Clein the Creuse the Cher the Vienne the Mayne and many Rivulets The Sein comes out of Burgundy waters Champaign the Isle of France and Normandy it passes through Paris and by Rouen and being encreased by the Marne the Youne the Oyse and some other Rivers it is embraced by the Ocean near Havre De-grace The Somme springs out of Picardy runs through it and forsakes not that Province till it lose it self in the Ocean after it hath washed Amiens Abbeville and several other Towns of that Country from whence the Escaut or Scheld springs also The Aude come from the Pyrenean Mountains and runs by Carcassonne and Narbonne The Eraud comes from the Sevenes and passes by Agde the Orb by Beziers The Rhosne has its source in Mount St. Gothard among the Alpes runs through the Lake of Geneva passes by Lyons Vienne Valence under the Pont St. Esprit by Avignon Beaucaire Arles and receives into it the Saone the Isere the Droume the Durance the Ardeche the Gardon and by its Branches having made an Island which is called Camargue from Cajus Marius corrupting Caii Marii Ager into Camargue it falls into the Mediterranean There are in France fifteen Archbishopricks and comprehending Avignon sixteen which are Rouen Tours Bourdeaux Auch Thoulouze Narbonne Arles Aix Ambrun Vienne Lyons Sens Rheims Paris Bourges and Avignon and above an hundred Bishopricks There are ten ancient Parliaments which are established at Paris Rouen Rennes Bourdeaux Pau Thoulouze Aix Grenoble Dijon and Metz and two new ones the one at Tournay for the French Conquests in the Netherlands the other at Besancon for the Franche Comty Its Isles in the Ocean are Belle-Isle on the Coast of Bretaign Neirmonsteir on the Coast of Poitou the Isles of Re and Oleron on the Coasts of Aunis and Xaintonge In the Mediterranean are the Isles of Hieres of St. Margaret and St. Honorat on the Coast of Provence Its Mountains besides the Alpes and Pyrenees are those of Auvergne and Sevenes which the Ancients called Montes Cebennae the name not much as yet altered There are besides Mount Jura or St. Claude which is towards Switzerland and Mount Vogese or Faucilles towards the Diocess of Langres The Catholick Religion is the publick established Religion in France yet the Protestant is permitted there And thus Reader you have a short draught of a large and flourishing Kingdom under the Dominion of a great and powerful Prince Before we proceed to Italy we must pass over into Savoy which is inclosed within France This Dutchy belonging to a Prince who carries the Title of it hath to the North the Lake of Geneva and Switzerland to the East Piemont and Dauphine to the South and West the chief Towns of it are Chambrey its Capital City Montmelian and Foussigny The County of Morienne where St. John stands and the Tarantaise where Monstier is which are in the Alpes belong to the Duke of Savoy as well as Piemont and the Marquisat of Saluces of which we shall speak in the Description of Italy Geneva lying at the end of a great Lake that carries
Island of Corsica Bonifacio 40 0 32 3 Aleria 41 0 32 3 Bastie 41 3 32 2 Cape Corso 41 5 32 2 Calvi 41 1 32 0 Ajazzo 40 3 30 2 Genarca 41 0 31 4 Isle of Elba 41 4 33 3 Isle Gorgona 42 2 32 4 CHAP. VII The Low-Countries BEFORE we pass into Germany we must view the Low Countries because they lie between it and France They have Germany to the East and North the Ocean to the West and France to the South They are divided into seventeen Provinces to wit four Dutchies seven Counties five Signiories or Lordships and the Marquisat of the holy Empire The Dutchies are Brabant the Capital of which is Brussels the Residence of the Governours of the Low-Countries for the King of Spain it s other Towns are Louvain Antwerp Boisleduc and many others The Dutchy of Limbourg which hath a Capital of the same name The Dutchy of Luxembourg which hath its principal Town of the same name also it s other considerable Towns are Arlon Thionville Danvilliers and Montmedy The Dutchy of Gueldres that hath a Town likewise of the same name and Nimeguen a place of importance The County of Flanders hath Gbent for its Capital the other considerable Towns are Bruges Ipre Courtray and upon the Sea Sluse Newport Ostend Dunkirk and Graveline which two last belong to the Crown of France The County of Artois hath Arras for Capital belonging likewise to France the other Towns are Beaupaume Bethune and St. Omer taken in the late Wars by the French The County of Hainault has Mons for Capital Valenciennes Bouchain Mariembourg and Landrecy The County of Namur hath its Capital of the same name Bouvines and Charlemont The County of Zutphen hath its chief Town of the same name also it is comprehended under the Dutchy of Gueldres The County of Holland hath very fair Cities as Amsterdam its chief Harlem Leyden Dort Roterdam and several others The Hague is but a Town yet there the Assembly of the States and Court of the Prince of Orange are kept The County of Zealand is composed of several Isles made by the branches of the Escaut or Scheld the chief is the Isle of Walkeren in which are the Towns of Middleburg and Flushing The Marquisat of the Holy Empire is no more but the City and Territory of Antwerp comprehended under Brabant The Signiory or Province of Malines contains likewise only the Town of the same name with its Territory inclosed within Brabant The Signiory or Province of Vtrecht hath a large and beautiful Town of the same name and besides Rhenen Amersfort Montfort and Wik at Duerstede HELVETIA or Swisserland HOLLAND Or the United PROVINCES FLANDERS or the Spanish PROVINCES The Signiory or Province of Over Issel is so called because in respect of the other Provinces of the Low-Countries it is on the other side of the Issel which is a branch of the Rhine and is by the Latins called Transissulana its Towns are Deventer Swoll Campen Steenwick Cowerden and Oldenzeel The Signiory or Province of West-Friesland hath these remarkable Towns Lewarden Dockum Franiker Staveren and Harlingen The Signiory or Province of Groningen hath the Town which gives it its name and another small Town called Dam. The Low-Countries are watered with pleasant Rivers which are the Scheld the Meuse and the Rhine the Scheld hath its Source in Picardy passes by Valenciennes Tournay Ghent and Antwerp and having embraced the Isles of Zealand and received the supplies of the Lys the Lieue the Dender the Rupel and some other Rivers it falls into the Ocean The Meuse cometh from the Mount of Vauge in the Diocess of Langres passes by Charlemont Bouvines Namur Maestricht Grave and joyning with the Wahal one of the Branches of the Rhine it receives the Sambre and some other Rivers We shall speak of the Rhine when we treat of Germany The nineteen Provinces or Low-Countries falling to the Crown of Spain by Mary Heiress of the House of Burgundy some of them Revolted and erected themselves into a Commonwealth by the name of the States of the United Provinces commonly called the States of Holland they are composed of Holland Zealand Vtrecht Over-Issel West-Friesland Groningen Gueldres and Zutphen The Assembly of the States General is held at the Hague and since their settlement the Princes of Orange have been the Generals of their Armies Calvins Reformation is the Religion publickly established but the Catholick Lutheran Anabaptist Socinian and many other Religions are tolerated there The French in the late Wars Conquered many considerable places of the Spanish Netherlands some of which have been made over to that Crown by the Spaniard in the last Treaty of Peace concluded at Nimeguen so that the Spanish Interest in these Provinces is at present much impaired and weakened Before we proceed further it is to be observed that the Cambresis and Bishoprick of Liege are inclosed within the Low Countries The Cambresis lies between Artois and Hainault and hath Picardy to the South the City of Cambray that gives it the name is a spacious and fair Town belonging now to the French King The Bishoprick of Leige hath to the North and West Brabant Luxemburg on the South and Limbourg on the East The City of Leige is very fair and spacious lying on the Meuse the Bishop of it is Soveraign Prince of all his Diocess which comprehends the Dutchy of Bouillon the Towns of Maseyk and Tongres with the Burrough of Spa famous for its Medicinal Waters A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in the Netherlands In the French Conquests in Artois  Lat. Long. Arras 50 1 23 5 Lens 50 3 24 0 Bethune 50 4 23 5 St. Pol 50 2 23 3 Bapaumes 50 1 24 0 Pas 50 1 23 4 Renti 50 4 23 1 Hesdin 50 2 23 1 Teroane 50 4 23 2 Lillers 50 4 23 4 St. Omers 50 5 23 2 Ayre 50 4 23 4 St. Venant 50 4 23 5 In Flanders Graveling 51 1 23 1 Bourbourg 51 0 23 1 Mardyke 51 1 23 2 Dunkirk 51 1 23 3 Winoxberg 51 0 23 3 Mont-Cassel 50 5 23 4 Armentiers 50 4 24 0 Furnes 51 1 23 5 Ipre 51 0 24 1 Poperingen 51 0 23 5 Belle 50 5 24 0 Warneton 50 5 24 1 Conimes 50 5 24 2 Warwick 50 5 24 2 Menin 50 5 24 3 Lille 50 4 24 2 Le Bassee 50 3 24 0 Orchies 50 3 24 3 Tournay 50 4 24 4 Dovay 50 2 24 2 St. Amand 50 3 24 4 In Hannault Cende 50 3 25 0 Valenciennes 50 2 24 5 Bouchain 50 1 24 3 Bavay 50 2 25 1 Maubeuge 50 2 25 2 Chymay 50 0 25 4 Avesnes 50 1 25 2 Quesnoy 50 2 25 0 Landrecy 50 1 25 0 Philipville 50 2 25 5 Mariembourg 50 1 25 5 In the County of Namour Charlemont 50 1 26 1 Buillon 50 0 26 3 Cambrey 50 1 24 3 Chasteau Cambresis 50 0 24 5 Creveceur 50 0 24 3 In the
divided into the Upper where is Wittemberg and the Lower wherein is Hall The Dutchies of Brunswick and Lunenbourg are comprehended in the lower Saxony with the Cities of the same name The Marquisat of Misnia wherein Dresden and Leipsick are and the County of Mansfield with its Capital of the same name are in lower Saxony also Turinge a Lantgraviat hath for Capital Erfurt which is the greatest City in Germany and another Town called Jena The Lantgraviat of Hesse hath Cassel and Marpurg The Dutchy of Franconia hath for Metropolis Wirtzbourg it s other chief Towns are Bamberg and Francfort on the Main where the Emperor is chosen The Kingdom of Bohemia is almost in the middle of Germany and its Capital City is Prague The chief Rivers of Germany are the Rhine the Ems the Weser and the Elbe which discharge themselves in the Ocean the Oder in the Baltick and the Danube in the Euxine Seas The Rhine cometh from the Alpes and hath its Source in the Mount Saint Gotard from whence the Rhosne and Tesin spring also it runs through Switzerland and the Lake of Constance passeth by Schaffousen and Basle continues its course through Alsace by Brisac Strasbourg Spire and Wormes through the palatinate by Mayence and Cologne and having sent out several Branches and received the Moselle that passeth by Treves the Neckar that passeth by Heidelberg and the Main that joyns it at Mayence one of its Branches called the Mahal mingling with the Meuse at length in Holland it loseth it self in the Sea The Ems runs through Frieseland and passeth by the Town of Emdem the Weser watereth Westphalia and passes near to Breme The Elbe hath its Fountains in Bohemia and runs through both Saxonies and the Dutchy of Holstein and having washed Hambourg and received the Molda that runs by Prague the Sal the Spree and some other Rivers it falleth into the Ocean The Oder passes by Francfort and Stetin and empties it self into the Baltick Sea The Danube riseth in the Dutchy of Witemberg passeth through Suabia Bavaria Austria Hungary Servia Bulgaria and by several mouths it discharges it self into the Black Sea after that it hath watered Vlme Ratisbonne Vienna and received in a great many other Rivers the chief whereof are the Jun the Drave the Save and the Tibisque There are but six Archbishops in Germany to wit the three Electors of Mayence Cologne and Treves the Archbishops of Magdebourg Breme and Saltzbourg there are in Germany free and Imperial Cities and the Hans Towns for Commerce the States of the Empire which are called Diets meet usually at Ratisbonne The Emperor is head of the Empire he is choat Francfort and has his usual Residence at Vienna he is Catholick but several Princes of the Empire are Calvinists and others Lutherans There were in former times but seven Electors three Ecclesiastick who are the Archbishops of Mayence Cologn and Treves the Duke of Saxony the Marquess of Brandebourg the Count Palatine and the King of Bohemia but the Juncture of times hath occasioned the addition of an eighth who is the Duke of Bavaria A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal Cities and Towns of Germany In Austria  Lat. Long. Vienna 48 2 39 2 Lintz 48 2 36 3 Ens 48 1 36 4 Losenstein 48 0 37 1 In Tyrol Inspruck 47 0 33 4 Landeck 46 3 32 4 In Carinthia St. Veit 47 0 37 0 In Styria Gratz 47 1 39 0 Pettaw 46 4 39 2 Sekow 47 3 37 5 In Carniola Lawbach 46 2 37 2 In Bohemia Prague 50 0 36 4 Konigin-gratz 50 0 38 1 Rlataw 49 3 36 0 Satz 50 1 35 3 In Moravia Olmutz 49 4 39 2 Brinn 49 1 38 5 In Silesia Teschen 49 4 41 0 Oppelen 50 2 40 3 Breslaw 51 0 39 2 Namslaw 51 0 40 2 Glogaw 51 4 38 2 In Brandenbourg Frankfort a. Oder 52 2 37 0 Landsberg 52 5 38 3 Kustrin 52 3 37 3 Berlin 52 4 36 0 Steindel 52 5 34 1 Havelburg 52 5 34 4 In Mecklemburg Lubeck 54 1 32 3 Wismar 54 1 33 5 Rostock 54 1 34 5 Gustrow 54 0 34 5 In Pomerania Bergen in I. Rugen 54 2 36 3 Stralsund 54 1 36 0 Stetin 53 2 37 2 Dam 53 3 37 2 Stargard 53 1 38 0 Colberg 53 5 38 5 In Bavaria Munick 48 0 33 4 Saltzburg 47 5 35 2 Passaw 48 3 35 5 Ratisbon 48 5 34 2 Landshutt 48 2 34 2 Ingolstat 48 4 33 2 Amberg 49 2 34 1 Vlm 48 3 32 1 Norlingen 48 5 32 3 In Suabia  Lat. Long. Ausburg 48 1 32 4 Eslingen 48 3 30 5 Friburg 47 5 29 2 Brisac 48 0 29 1 Hall 49 1 31 4 Hailbrun 49 0 31 0 In Alsatia Haguenaw 48 4 29 2 Strasbourg 48 3 29 1 In the Palatinate Heydelburg 49 2 30 3 Wormes 49 3 30 2 Spire 49 0 29 5 Phillipsburg 49 5 30 0 Treves 49 4 28 0 Mayence 49 4 30 2 In Franconia Francfort 49 5 31 0 Henneburg 50 3 32 0 Schwinfort 50 0 32 0 Bamburg 49 5 33 0 Nurenburg 49 3 33 2 Cullemback 50 0 33 5 In Hassia Marpurg 50 4 30 2 Fridburg 50 1 30 5 Cassel 51 1 31 1 In Cologn Cologn 50 4 28 2 Bonne 50 3 28 4 In Cleves Cleves 51 3 27 2 Juliers 50 4 27 5 Dusseldorp 51 0 28 1 In Westphalia Munster 52 0 29 1 Paderborn 51 4 30 3 Osnaburg 52 2 29 4 Embden 53 2 28 4 Norden 53 4 28 3 In Bremen Breme 53 2 30 2 Ferden 53 1 31 2 Hamburg 53 4 31 4 Stade 54 0 31 0 In Lunenburg Luneburg 53 2 32 2 In Brunswick Brunswick 52 4 32 4 Goslar 51 5 32 3 Hildisheim 52 1 31 5 Nyenburg 52 4 31 0 In Turingia Erfort 50 5 33 2 In Saxony Dresden 51 0 35 5 Leipsick 51 1 34 4 Wittenburg 51 5 35 2 Minden 51 1 33 4 Brotten 51 3 35 3 In Lusatia Bantzen 51 1 36 4 Cotbutz 51 4 36 2 Brybutz 51 3 37 5 In the Cantons of Swisserland 1. In the Canton of Zurick Zurick 47 1 30 2 Kiburg 47 1 30 4 Andelfrugen 47 2 30 3 LORRAIN 2. In the Canton of Bern.  Lat. Long. Bern 46 5 29 0 Thun 46 3 29 2 Aarburg 46 5 28 5 3. Canton of Lucern Lucern 46 4 30 0 4. Canton of Vri Altorf 46 3 30 3 5. Canton of Schwitz Schwitz 46 4 30 2 6. Canton of Vnderwald Stantz 46 3 31 0 7. Canton of Zug Zug 46 5 30 1 8. Canton of Glaris  Lat. Long. Glaris 46 4 30 5 9. Canton of Basle Basle 47 3 29 2 10. Canton of Friburg Friburg 46 3 28 4 Montenach 46 3 28 3 Gruieres 46 2 28 4 11. Canton of Soleurre Soleurre 47 1 29 0 12. Canton of Schaffhusen Schaffhusen 47 3 30 3 Stein 47 3 30 4 13. Canton of Appenzel Appenzel 46 4 31 2 CHAP. IX The Dutchies of Cleves Juliers Lorrain and the County
of Burgundy THE Dutchies of Cleves and Juliers are Situated between the Rhine and the Meuse and might be reckoned amongst the Provinces of Germany that of Cleves has a Metropolis of the same name and other considerable places as Sauten Calcar Grefhusen on this side the Rhine and Duisbourg and Embruch on the other side The Dutchy of Juliers has its name from the chief City thereof it hath also Berge and Duern Aix la Chapelle is in this Dutchy and there Charlemaign kept his usual Residence it was the seat of his Empire and the place of his Burial He Beautified it with many stately Buildings with a Church Dedicated to the Holy Virgin that still remains and a Palace which in the time of Charles the Bald in the Year eight hundred and eighty one was by the Fury of the Normans reduced to Ashes It hath Mineral Waters about it proper for the Cure of several Maladies from whence it took its Latin name Aquisgranum the Germans call it Acken and a third of it belongs to the Duke of Juliers The Dutchy of Lorrain may be reckoned among the Provinces of France being now in the possession of that King its Capital City is Nancy the other Towns thereof are Marsal Saint Nicholas Pont a Mouson and some others Mets Toul and Verdun are likewise in Lorrain and belong to the French King The County of Burgundy called the Franche-County lies to the East of a Dutchy of the same name belonging to France but the County belonged formerly to the King of Spain though lately Conquered by France The chief Towns of it are Dole the Capital Bezanson an Imperial City Vesoul Grez Cromay Salins Arbois Poligny Nozeret and others The Doux a sweet River waters that Country and passes by Dole it afterwards loses it self in the Saone which divides the Dutchy of Burgundy from the County A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in the Franche Comty and Lorrain In the Franche County  Lat. Long. Besanson 47 1 27 2 Dole 47 0 26 4 Salines 46 5 27 2 St. Claud 46 1 27 3 Grey 47 1½ 26 4 Vesoul 47 4 27 3 Mont Belliard 47 4 28 2 Lure 47 4 27 5 Poligny 46 4 27 0 Bleterans 46 2½ 26 4 Granville 47 2 27 1 In Lorrain Nancy 48 5 28 0 St. Nicholas 48 4½ 28 1 Chaligny 48 4 27 5 Moyen 48 3 28 3 Marsal 49 0 28 4 Rosiers or Salines 48 4 28 2 Blamont 48 4½ 29 0 Remerimont 48 1 28 4 Toul 48 4 27 4 Vaudemont 48 3 27 5 Pont a Mouson 49 0 27 5 Metz 49 2 28 0 Vaudrevauge 49 4 28 4 Sarbruck 49 3 29 0 Nomeny 49 0 27 4 Phaltsburg 48 5 29 2 St. Dieu 48 3 29 0 La Mothe 48 1½ 27 3 Newchâtel 48 2 27 3 Verdun 49 2 27 1 St. Michael 49 0 27 2 Conflans 49 2 27 4 Barledue 48 5 26 5 Espinal 48 2 28 3 Sarbourg 48 5 29 0 CHAP. X. Hungary HUNGARIA THE Kingdom of Hungary hath Transilvania on the East Poland on the North on the West Moravia Austria and Stiria Provinces of Germany and Bosnia and Servia on the South the best part of it is under the Dominion of the Turk the rest belongs to the Emperor who is called King thereof its chief Cities are Buda the Capital which the Germans call Offen Strigonia which they call Gran Alba Regal five Churches Canise Javarin or Rab Gomorre Presbourg and some others This lovely Country hath been the Theatre of much Christian and Turkish blood which hath dyed the Rivers of Marish and Rab that falls into the Danube which runs through the middle of this Kingdom A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in Hungary Hungarea Christian and Turkish  Lat. Long. Presburg 48 2 40 1 Zerdahell 48 0 40 3 Raab 47 5 41 0 Lynback 47 0 39 3 Thara 47 0 41 1 Eskeneck 47 3 41 1 Weisbrun 47 1 40 4 Carpornack 46 5 40 0 Sarwar 47 3 40 1 Tyrna 48 5 40 3 Newsol 48 3 42 0 Fillek 48 0 42 3 Porn 48 3 43 1 Caesseria 48 4 43 4 Tokay 48 0 43 4 Zarmar 47 4 45 2 Zygeth 48 2 45 4 Vngivar 44 4 48 3 Perigea 48 2 45 5 Eperies 49 0 43 4 Muan 48 4 42 4 Leutch 49 0 43 0 Esclavonia  Lat. Long. Warisdin 46 3 39 3 Zaarab 46 0 40 0 Novigrad 46 1 39 2 Fort de Serin 46 3 40 0 Croatia Carlestad 45 5 38 5 Serin 45 4 39 3 Kerstin 45 3 39 1 Morloquia Zegna 45 1 38 4 Modrusti 45 2 38 5 Onglin 45 2 38 5 Tersack 45 3 37 5 Hungaria Turkish Betwixt Danube and Draew Canisia 46 4 40 0 Alba Reg. or Stullwesstukirg 47 0 41 1 Petche or 5 Ecclesiae 46 1 42 1 Muhacz 46 1 43 0 Buda Offen Pest 47 1 42 2 Gran. Strigon 47 4 41 4 Betwixt Danub and Tibisch Zeged 46 3 44 0 Zolnock 47 1 43 5 Hat an 47 2 42 4 Agria 48 0 43 0 Fristat 47 3 42 0 Newhastel 48 1 41 0 Betwixt Tibish and Marish Waradin 47 0 45 0 Bekyn 46 5 44 0 Solmos 45 2 46 2 Gyula 46 4 44 4 Betwixt Marish and Danub  Lat. Long. Chonad 46 2 44 1 Temeswar 45 5 44 4 Sippa 46 1 45 1 Beckskerke 45 3 44 0 Trena 45 4 46 2 Esclavonia Turkish Potega 45 4 41 1 Zakocz 46 0 40 3 Passaw 46 0 40 2 Arky 45 2 41 4 Croatia Wihitz 45 1 39 5 Sisseg 45 5 39 4 Dubitz 45 4 40 3 Velay 45 1 39 3 CHAP. XI Transilvania Moldavia Walachia and Bessarabia THESE four Provinces which are under the Power of the Turk lye on the North side of the Danube Transilvania hath to the East Moldavia and Walachia to the South and West Hungary and Walachia and to the North the Territories of Poland its chief Cities are Hermenstadt Croustadt Clausembourg and Wasterhely its Rivers are Marish Aluta and the Tibisque Moldavia hath to the East Bessarabia and Bulgaria to the South Walachia to the West Transilvania and Walachia and to the North Podolia and Volhinia its Capital City is Jasi the Pruth watereth it and the Danube divides it from Bulgaria Walachia hath to the East and North Moldavia to the West Transilvania and to the South Bulgaria from which it is divided by the Danube its Capital City is Tergouisk Bessarabia hath to the East the Black Sea Podolia to the North to the West Moldavia and Bulgaria and the Mouths of the Danube to the South Billagroe at the Mouth of the Neister is one of its chief Towns TRANSILVANIA WALACHIA Moldavia Bulgaria Bessarab A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in Transilvania Moldavia Walachia Bessarabia and Petit Tartaria Transilvania  Lat. Long. Berensayd 46 2 46 4 Wessenburg or Alba Julia 46 5 47 0 Kerezbania 46 5 46 0 Clausenburg or Colaswar 47 1 45 3 Zygeth 41 5
Lacedemon Argos or Misistra 35 4 49 4 Corinte 36 5 49 3 Naepoli 36 2 50 2 Arges 36 2 49 4 DANEMARK IUTLAND ZELAND Sleswick Holstein In Epyre. Perga 38 5 45 4 Butrinto 38 5 45 1 Chimera 39 2 44 1 Larta 38 3 47 2 Bastie 38 4 45 4 Cunina 40 1 44 2 Valdelorsa 40 1 44 0 Preueza 38 2 46 4 Albania Valona 40 0 44 5 Elbuscan 41 0 45 4 Pirgo 41 0 44 3 Durazzo 41 0 45 0 Croia 41 1 45 2 Scutari or Iscodar 41 5 45 2 In Dalmatia Ragusa 42 4 43 3 Dulcingo 42 0 44 0 Budoa 42 1 43 1 Castel Nova 42 4 43 3 Narenza 43 2 43 1 Risin 42 1 44 2 Catero 42 1 44 4 Islands neer Greece Isl Stalimen 41 0 52 2 Isl Tasst 41 4 52 0 Isl Metelene 49 3 55 2 Isl Scio 38 5 54 3 Isl Sciro 38 5 51 3 Isl Andro 38 0 51 1 Isl Morgo 36 3 54 0 Isl Milo 35 4 52 0 Isl Stampalia 35 4 55 1 Isl Cerigo 35 1 50 2 Isl Zante 36 3 45 2 Isl Cepolania 37 1 46 1 Isl St. Maura 37 4 46 1 Isl Corfu 38 5 44 5 Crim Tartars near the Lake Maeotis Tartaria Perecop Capha 47 1 64 4 Basie Sara 47 5 63 5 Strayt and Precop 49 0 63 3 Kerci 47 5 66 5 Azow or Asack Turkish 51 2 73 0 CHAP. XIV The States of Denmark and Sueden WE must now visit the North and take a view of those Countries which lye under Frozen Climates The King of Denmark possesses there the Cymbrian Chersonesus now called Jutland Norway and several Islands in the Baltick Sea whereof the chief are Funzen and Zealand South Jutland comprehends the Dutchies of Sleswick with its City of the same name and Holsace or Holstein wherein are Segeberg Hambourg and Lubeck an Imperial Town and the Ditmarse in which is Meldorp North Jutland has the Towns of Scagen and Ripen Norway is a large Country reaching even to the Polar Circle it is bordered by Sueden on the East and by the Ocean on all the other sides It had heretofore Kings of its own its Capital City is Drandhain but the most famous is Berghen a much frequented Sea Port. Sconen lies to the South of Gothia its Cities are Lunden an Archbishoprick and Ellebogen or Malmoe The Capital City of the Isle of Zealand is Copenhagen which is also the Metropolis of all Denmark and the usual Residence of their Kings as Roskild is the place of their Burial Betwixt this Island and Sconen is the famous Streight of the Sound which is but a mile over commanded by the Castle of Crenemberg on the side of the Island near Elsenor and on the opposite side in Sconen by that of Elsenbourg here all Vessels are obliged to pay Toll to the King of Denmark Near to this Streight is the Isle of Ween or Huenna whither the illustrious Tycho-Brahe retired to make his Astronomical Observations Odensee is the chief Town of the Isle of Fuinen between which and Zealand is the other passage called the Belt The other Isles are Laland Feneren Faster Muen and many more The King of Denmark possesses also Iseland and the Isles of Feroe Situate between it and the North of Scotland The Lutheran is the only Religion permitted within the States of the King of Denmark The King of Sueden possesses Sueden Gothia Finland Bothnia Scricfinnia and part of Lapland with the Isles of Gotland and Rugen The chief Towns of Suedland are Stockholm the Metropolis of the State and Residence of the Kings built upon Piles like Venice in the Lake Miler Vpsale an Archbishoprick and University Gothia is to the Southward of Sueden properly so called it s most considerable Towns are Northcopen and Calmar Finland whose Eastern part is likewise called Carelia lies to the East of Sueden divided from it by the Gulf of Bothnia and hath the Finnick Gulf to the South and Russia to the East it s more remarkable Towns are Wibourg and Rasenbourg Bothnia lies North from Finland and its chief Town is Torne Lapland belongs partly to the Muscovite and hath no Cities but pitiful Villages it is the Country of the Laplanders a Barbarous people some of which are still Idolaters and obey partly the King of Sueden and partly the great Duke of Muscovy Suedland embraced long ago the Lutheran Religion which it professes at this day In the extremities of the North are Finmarchia or Scricfinnia belonging partly to the Crown of Suedland and partly to that of Denmark It is to be observed that Norway Sueden Sconen Gothia Finland Lapland Bothnia Scricfinnia and Biarmia lie in a Peninsula called Scandia or Scandinavia on the West and North sides encompassed by the Occan on the South by the Baltick and on the East by the Gulf Botnia A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the Principal Places in Denmark North Jutland  Lat. Long. Scaw 58 3 32 0 Alburg 57 4 31 3 Wensissel 58 0 31 0 Hobro 57 1 31 1 Wiborg 57 2 30 2 Holstbro 57 1 29 3 Lemwick 57 0 29 4 Randersen 57 1 31 3 Ebeltode 57 0 32 1 Arhusen 57 0 31 4 Ring Koping 57 0 29 1 Wee l 56 3 31 1 Ward 56 4 30 1 Henneborch 56 2 31 2 Kolding 56 1 31 0 Rypen 56 0 30 2 Hadorsleve 55 5 31 1 South Jutland Tonderen 55 4 30 5 Appenrade 55 4 31 2 Flensburg 55 2 31 3 Heswick 55 1 31 3 Gottorp 55 1 31 2 Husum 55 2 30 4 Froderickstad 55 0 31 0 Tonningen 55 1 30 3 Holstein Rensburgh 54 5 31 3 Kiel 54 5 32 1 Lauder 54 4 30 5 Meldorp 54 5 30 3 Wilster 54 3 30 4 Newminster 54 3 31 4 Ploen 54 3 32 2 Newstad 54 4 32 5 Oldenburg 54 5 32 5 Oldeshe 54 2 32 1 Lubeck 54 2 32 4 Holsece Gluckstad 54 2 30 3 Brams 54 1 31 4 Wedel 54 1 31 0 Hambrough 54 0 31 3 D. Lawenburg Lawenburg 53 5 32 4 Ratzburg 54 0 32 4 Isl of Funen Odensoe 56 1 31 4 Niburg 56 0 32 2 Foburg 55 5 32 0 Midlefaro 56 1 31 2 Isl of Seeland Copenhagen 56 2 34 4 Nestwed 55 5 33 1 Roskild 56 3 34 0 Kallenburg 56 3 33 0 Kronemburg 56 3 34 4 Laland Nafkow 55 3 33 1 Falster Isl Nicoping 55 3 33 4 Isl Bernholm Rundneby 55 4 37 1 S. Gotland viz. Holland Waersberg 57 3 34 1 Helmsted 57 1 34 5 Laholm 57 0 35 0 Schonen Cape Kola 56 5 34 3 Helsmgburg 56 4 34 5 Landscroon 56 3 35 0 Lunden 56 2 35 3 Mulmuyten 56 1 35 1 Vdstad 55 5 35 5 Elebrug Christianstad 56 3 36 1 A Huys 56 2 36 1 Elleholm 56 3 37 0 Christianople 56 4 38 2 A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in Scandinovia Norway and Suedeland Government of Aggerhus  Lat. Long. Fredericstat 59 3 32 3 Berga 60 2 32 3 Obslo
60 3 31 0 Lindsness 59 0 27 3 Government of Bahus Bahus 58 1 34 0 Daleburg 58 4 34 0 Government of Bergenhus Eye 59 0 26 3 Stavanger 59 5 26 2 Bergen 61 0 26 4 Government of Dronthenhus Boe 64 0 28 0 Dronthem 65 3 32 3 Maelstroom 68 3 32 3 Government of Wardhus North Cape 71 2 48 1 Wardhus 70 5 54 2 Suedeland West Gothland Gotteburg 57 3 33 3 Lidk'oping 58 3 35 1 Scofde 58 3 35 4 East Gothland Linkoping 58 3 38 3 Noâ—koping 58 3 38 4 Soderkoping 58 4 38 3 Isl Oeland Borckholme 57 0 39 0 Isl Gothland Wisby 57 4 41 3 Westermaine Soudermain and Firme-land Nikoping 58 4 39 4 Koping 59 4 39 0 Phillipstad 59 5 36 2 Carolstad 59 3 35 4 Kolen 60 2 34 0 Vpland Stockholm 59 2 40 4 Vpsul 60 0 40 2 Enkoping 59 4 40 0 Gestricie Gevalia 61 0 40 0 Helsinge Dilsbo 62 0 39 1 Madelpaedie Tana 62 0 38 0 Trop 62 1 39 0 Agermain Bote 63 0 40 0 Nord Mating 63 0 42 0 MOSCOVIA Lapland or West Bothinia  Lat. Long. Vma Lapmark 63 3 42 0 Pitha Lapmark 65 3 43 5 Lula Lapmark 65 3 44 2 Torne Lapmark 65 4 46 0 East Bothinia Vlaburgh 65 3 47 0 Cajaneburg 65 1 51 4 Salo 64 4 47 0 Carleby 64 0 45 3 Kyro 63 3 45 0 Finland Abo 60 4 45 4 Bierneburg 62 0 45 0 Gronenburg 61 3 48 3 Niland Raseburg 61 1 47 0 Savolax  Lat. Long. Indisalmi 63 3 50 2 Nislot 51 4 53 3 Caereha     Vakelax 60 4 51 2 Wiburg 60 3 53 2 Kexholm Kidilia 61 3 56 0 Kexholm 61 3 55 0 Ingria Notteburgh 59 5 55 4 Jamagored 59 0 52 3 Livonia Narva 59 0 52 3 Revel 59 3 48 3 Pernaw 58 5 47 3 Derpt 58 3 51 0 Riga 57 1 47 4 Kockenhaus 57 0 49 2 Dunenburgh 56 4 50 2 CHAP. XV. Great Russia or Moscovy THAT Prince whom we call the Great Duke of Moscovy is by his Subjects called Czar which is as much as to say Emperor and he may very well take that lofty Title seeing his State is one of the greatest in Europe and reaches even to Asia and he is so absolute a master of the Lives and Fortunes of his people and his Empire Despotick on the East it is bordered by Tartary the Great on the South by the Lesser on the West by the States of Poland and Suedland and by the Ocean on the North it comprehends Great Russia which is divided into many Provinces Mosco is the Capital City of the State and gives its name to the whole Empire which it receives from a River that washes it it is built of Wood and contains above forty thousand Houses The other remarkable Cities are Sandomiry Molodimer Novogord and many more Upon the White Sea which is a Bay or Gulf of the Northern Ocean are St. Michael Arch-Angel and St. Nicholas at the mouth of the Divina which is one of the greatest Rivers in Russia the other Rivers are the Boristhenes at present the Nieper that falls into the Black Sea the Tanais now called Don which discharges it self into the Palus Maosis or Delle-Zabache The Volga heretofore Rha which having its spring head in that Country after a long Course carries its Streams into the Caspian Sea The Moscovites follow the Religion of the Greek Church A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in Russia or Moscovia Lapland Moscovites  Lat. Long. Kielit 68 3 58 0 Joskena 68 1 66 1 Cape Cadenus 68 0 72 0 Kenio 65 0 55 5 Dukedoms of Karagopel 62 0 67 0 Dwina     St. Michael Arch-Angel 64 5 67 1 St. Nicholas 65 0 66 3 Lampat 66 0 71 0 Inhorn 68 2 73 4 Condinsky     Koma 62 3 77 2 Petzora 68 2 87 1 Samoides Strait of Wagote 70 0 87 3 Kingdom of Roym de Siberia Tobolska 97 3 65 0 Perma 62 0 84 ½ Oustiough upon Dwina 61 2 73 1 Wologdia 58 4 67 2 Bielaozero 58 0 63 0 Upon Volga R. Gero 57 3 66 1 Nisi Novogord 56 0 75 0 Wasilsgorod 55 3 77 1 Caesan K. 55 3 84 4 Bolgar 54 2 84 5 Astracan R. 46 2 87 3 D. Welodinie 55 4 70 2 D. Sasdale 56 0 65 3 D. Rosthow 57 2 65 1 D. Moskow 55 4 64 4 D. Resan 55 0 69 0 D. Worotin 54 2 63 1 D. Smolensko 54 3 57 2 D. Reskhow 56 0 61 2 D. Tiver 56 4 62 0 D. Novogrod Wiliki 58 0 57 1 Kielit 66 3 57 0 Kaudalax 68 0 59 0 Kola 70 0 57 0 Cape Caudenos 69 2 70 0 Kargapol 62 1 66 0 St. Michael Arch-Angel 64 4 67 0 St. Nicolas 64 4 66 0 Inhera 68 0 76 0 Streight of Waigates 71 0 85 0 Toboska 65 ½ 95 0 Perma 63 2 83 0 Oustiough 61 0 72 0 Wologda 59 3 67 0 Bialaozero 59 0 62 0 Jeroslau 57 3 65 0 Lesser Novogrod 59 0 71 3 Vasili gorod 59 0 73 0 Cazan 58 2 84 0 Bulgar 56 3 36 0 Astracan 49 2 83 3 Wlodimer 58 0 69 0 Susdal 57 1 68 0 Rostow 56 4 64 0 Moskow 55 0 64 3 Rezan 54 4 67 0 Worotin 53 2 64 0 Smolensko 54 0 57 0 Rzowa 56 0 59 0 T wer 55 4 62 0 Greater Novogrod 58 3 57 0 POLAND CHAP. XVI The Lesser Tartary THE States of the Prince of Przecop or of the lesser Tartars lie betwixt the mouths of the Boristhenes and Tanais and in that Peninsule which the Ancients called the Taurick Chersonesus bounded on the East by the Palus Meotis and on the South and West by the Black Seas on the Isthmus thereof stands the City of Przecop which hath given the name of Przecopites to that People and the City of Caffa is its Capital the Streight that joyns the Palus Meotis to the Euxin Sea was heretofore called the Cimmerian Bosphorus and is now termed the Streight of Caffa or Vospero and St. Johns Mouth The Tartars Przecopites are by Religion Mahometans CHAP. XVII The States of the King of Poland THESE States have the Territories of Moscovy on the East on the North those of Sueden and the Baltick Sea on the West Germany and on the South the Carpathian Mountain which divides them from Hungary and Transilvania they comprehend Poland Prussia Lithuania part of Livonia Massovia Podlassia Podolia Volhinia and Russia-Nigra The Capital City of Poland is Cracovia which is the Metropolis of the State the others are Guesn an Archbishoprick Sandomeria and many more less considerable Prussia Regalis belongs to the King of Poland and its chief Towns are Moriembourg and Dantzick which has a famous Port on the Baltick at the Mouth of the Weisel or Vistula Prussia the Ducall belongs to the Marquess of Brandebourg who does homage for it to the King of Poland its Capital City is Koningsberg or
Oxus now Abiamus and Jaxartes or Chesel which run into the Caspian Sea Euphrates and Tigris come from the Mountains of Armenia embrace Mesopotamia and uniting in Chaldea fall into the Gulf of Persia Indus comes from Caucasus gives its name to India which it watereth and afterward runs into the Ocean as Ganges does into the Bay of Bengall The Cosmin passes by Pegu and the Menan by Siam they both proceed from the Lake of Chiamay and fall into the Ocean The Yellow and Blew Rivers are in China The Tartar that is thought to have given Name to Tartary runs into the Northern Ocean and the Oby also It is to be observed that the greatest part of Asia is in the Temperate Zone It hath some Regions in the Torrid to wit part of Arabia the happy and of the Indies with many Isles Some Countreys of Tartary are in the Frozen Zone To conclude Asia reaches from the Equinoctial to the Seventieth degre of North Latitude and some of its Isles are Ten degrees beyond the Line CHAP. IX AFRICA THere is no need of crossing the Sea to go from Asia to Africa since we have a passage by Land which is the Isthmus of Suez betwixt the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Having passed that we find at first sight Egypt and proceeding from East to West we shall in order find Barca Barbary and the Kingdoms of Fez and Morocco that are washed with the Ocean Afterward from North to South we will meet with Biledulgerid Zahara the Countrey of Negres Guinea the Kingdom of Congo the Countrey of Caffres as far as the Cape of good Hope Afterward going tovvards the North we shall find Zanguebar and some other Countreys and then having visited those Regions that are in the heart of Africa as Nubia Ethiopia and Monomotapa we shall end with its Mountains Capes and Isles CHAP. X. EGYPT and the Region of BARCA AFRICA WE shall view the Countreys of Africa that lie upon the Ocean after that we have seen those that are upon the Mediteranean Egypt so famous both in Sacred and Prophane History which speak so often of its Pharaoh's and Ptolomies hath on the East the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea on the North the Mediterranean on the West the Countrey of Barca and on the South Nubia and Ethiopia It hath not so many Towns at present as it had heretofore The Metropolis of it is Caire a very great City on the right Bank of the River of Nile On the other side of that River are to be seen those famous Pyramids which were the Monuments of some Kings and have been reckoned amongst the Seven Wonders of the World and as in all probability they were the most ancientest of the Seven so 't is certain they are the only one remaining Nile having washed Caire divides it self into two Branches which embrace the Countrey called Delta from the Greek Letter Δ which it resembles these two Branches produce others which made several Mouths to that River some of which are stopt up The other Towns are Asna anciently Siene towards the South Alexandria heretofore the Capital City under the Ptolomies preserves still in its stately Ruins the Name of Alexander the Great who founded it It lies upon the Sea and near the place where the Phare stood which was one of the Seven Wonders Rosetta and Damieta are also upon the Sea at two other Mouths of the Nile All this fair Countrey is made wonderfully fruitful by the over-flowing of the Nile and is subject to the Turk the Inhabitants are Mahumetans but there are many Jews and some Christians among them The Region of Barca was anciently called Cyrenaica and hath Egypt on the East the Sea on the North on the West Barbary and the Desarts that carry its name with Lybia on the South its chief Town is likewise called Barca the others are Alberton Patriarcha Bonandrea Berniche and some more The People are Mahumetans Subjects to the Turk CHAP. XI BARBARY with the Kingdoms of FEZ and MOROCCO BArbary hath to the East the Countrey of Barca to the North the Mediterranean to the West the Kingdoms of Fez and Morocco and to the South Mount Atlas which divides it from Biledulgerid Going from East to West we find the Kingdoms of Tripoly Tunnis Algire and Tremesin or Telensin with their chief Towns of the same Name Near to Tunnis are to be seen some Ruins of the famous Carthage In the Kingdom of Algier is Bugie and Gigery and some other places that may be seen in the Map but very little known to us The People of that Countrey are Mahumetans and subject to the Turk and have for many Ages practiced Pyracy upon the Mediterranean to the great Annoyance of the Christians Commerce The Kingdom of Fez has to the South Morocco to the East the Kingdom of Tremisen to the North the Streights of Gibraltar and to the West the Atlantick Ocean its chief Cities carries the same Name and is a beautiful and stately Place the Principal Mosque of it is above a quarter of a mile in circuit and therein burn constantly Nine hundred Lamps The other Towns are Mahamore Larache Alcazer and Tetuan the two former belong to the King of Spain and Tangier belonging to the King of Great Britain The Kingdom of Morocco lies to the South of that of Fez its chief City bears the same Name and is beautiful and large though it hath lost much of its ancient Splendour On the the Top of one of its Towers are three Golden Balls which are believed to be Enchanted Next to Morocco the Town of Agmet is the most considerable These two Kingdoms belong to one Prince who is called Emperor of Morocco he is Mahumetan and his Subjects are of the same Religion but there are many Jews and Christians among them New MEXICO FLORIDA CHAP. XII BILEDULGERID and ZAHARA NEW SPAIN GUIANA BILEDULGERID signifies a Countrey of Dates because it abounds with Palm-trees which bear that Fruit. The Ancients called that Region Numidia it reaches from the Atlantick Ocean to Egypt the space of a Thousand Leagues Mount Atlas divides it from Barbary on the North and Zara bounds it on the South Its best Province is Suz on the Atlantick Ocean the rest which are Tesset Dara Segelmesse Zeb and some others most of which take their Names from their Towns are but little inhabited by reason of the great inconveniences of want of Water noxious Animals and the barrenness of the Soil Zahara or the Desart is the Ancient Lybia and reaches from the Ocean to Egypt and hath Biledulgerid to the North and the Countrey of Negres to the South There is hardly any thing there but Desarts and heaps of Sand which being driven by the Wind many times bury Travellers alive and being heated by the direct Beams of the Sun render the Air insupportably hot However there are some places inhabited as Zanhaga Zuenziga Terga Agadez Berdoa and some others so little known to us that
Honduras has the Town of Truxillo Nicaragua hath Cartagen and Veragua and La Conception These Three last Provinces and Costarica lie between the South Sea and the Bay of Mexico Anien is onely remarkable for the Streights that carry its Name which are by some thought to be fabulous and runs between Califurnia and the land of Jesso this land is supposed to stretch far out into the West and is seperated from Asia onely by some branches of the Sea and from Japan by the Streights of Sangar Quivira was called New Albion by Sir Francis Drake Admiral of an English Fleet who discovered that Countrey in the year One thousand five hundred and seventy nine it lies on the Vermilian Sea that divides it from Califurnia but there are no Towns observed in it New Mexico contains New Granada wherein is the Town of Staffe CHAP. III. South AMERICA UPon the Isthmus of Panama are two Towns whereof the one that gives it the Name is upon the South Sea and the other which is upon the North or rather the Bay of Mexico is called Nembre di dios Beyond that space of Land which lies between the two Seas are the following Regions on the North Sea Golden Castille so called from that precious Metal which is found there in abundance It s chief Towns are Carthagena St. Martha and St. Fe de Bogota To the East of that is the Countrey of the Caribbes in which is the North Cape well known to those that Sail in these Seas The Inhabitants go stark Naked and have neither Government nor Religion Guiana is to the South it hath a Town called Manoa and by the Spaniards El Dorado because there is much Gold in it with a Lake of a vast extent almost under the Line Some affirm that there are a kind of Monstrous People in that Regions who have no Heads and have their Eyes in their Shoulders and their Bellies but that is only learnt from the report of their Neighbours who heretofore told it to Sir Walter Raleigh Admiral of an English Fleet under Queen Elizabeth We are not to believe all that we are told neither are we to deny all that we cannot believe The truth is that report of Men without Heads is very strange and seems contrary to the order of Nature which is not guilty of so considerable mistakes as to fail in the production of a whole race of People Sometimes she produces Monsters because she meets with bad Dispositions that hinders her Operations but as if she repented of what she had done and would disown such imperfect works she puts a stop to the progress and suffers them not to propagate and beget others like themselves Brasile streches on the North Sea from the River of Amazones to the Region of De la Plata The People go there stark Naked neither sow nor reap but live on the Natural Fruits of the Earth which are very plentiful in their Region and by Hunting and Fishing They cat the Prisoners they take in War rather to satiate their Revenge than their Appetite They have no Prince no Laws nor Religion and they believed not that there was a God until they were instructed by the Europeans with whom they conversed The Portuguese English and Hollanders have had Plantations there and sometimes Wars for their Titles In that Countrey are the Towns of St. Salvador or Baiae on the famous Bay of Todos los Santos Pernambouk Rio Janeiro and several others But let us not leave this fair Countrey without viewing the most pleasant and biggest River of the World that watereth it It is called the River of Amazons because some Women carrying Arms and Fighting were observed upon the Banks thereof It is likewise called Oregliane from a Spanish Captain that sailed long upon it It springs from the Mountains of Peru and carries its Streams through that Countrey into Brasile where after a course of Six hundred Leagues long it pays the Sea the largest tribute that it any where receives It s Mouth in the opinion of some is Fourscore Leagues over and just under the Line it mingles with the North Sea The Region De la Plata is to the South of Brasile and on the North Sea it is refreshed by a River that gives it both its Name and Water The Portuguese have called it Rio de la Plata that is the Silver River because Silver is found amongst the Sands it brings with it On the side of it is the City of Assumption the others are St. Foy and the Visitation The Countrey of Chica and that of Patagons which borders on the Streights of Magellen are to the South beyond La Plata Here are no Towns some Capes and famous Ports as the Port Desire and the Cape De las Virgines It is true that on the Streights are to be seen the Ruin of a Town called Philippa built by the Spaniards where they were almost all starved The most remarkable thing in this Region is the People that inhabit it and are called Patagons they have been reported to be Ten or Twelve foot high and to swallow down a Pail full of Wine with as much ease as an ordinary Man one Glass They cover themselves with Beasts Skins and carry Clubs Bows and Arrows They lay their Dead upon little Hills and cover them with heaps of Stones lest Beasts should devour them It hath not been observed that they have any Laws or Religion In a word they are Barbarians and for Strength and Bulk of Body some what exceed our Europeans but our latest Discoveries will not permit them to be Giants Having passed the Streights that were called after Magellan's Name who discovered it and had so much honour thereby we find on the South Sea Cape Desire and advancing from South to North Chili and Peru. The Country Chili hath these chief Towns St. Jago L' Imperial La Conception and Baldivia Peru is is to the North of Chili and reaches Five hundred Leagues from South to North it hath to the West the South Sea to the East the high Hills which the Spaniards call Las Cordilleras or the Andes perpetually covered with Snow in the midst of the Torrid Zone when Pizarro and Almagro arrived in that Countrey in the year One thousand five hundred and twenty four it was subject to the Princes named Ingas who had settled a powerful Empire in those Places extending above Fifteen hundred Leagues in circuit they had governed there above Six hundred years when the Avarice and Ambition of those two Spaniards promoted them to dethrone the last that swayed that Scepter his Name was Atahualpa or Atabalipa whom they took and caused to be strangled Here they found a prodigious quantity of Gold The Inhabitants were Polite and Civil they worshipped the Sun and believed there was another God Superior to him whom they called Pachacamac The City of Cusco was the Imperial Seat of the Ingas The second in Dignity was Quito situated almost under the Equinoctial both
which remain still The Spaniards have built many there the most considerable of which is Lima on the Sea side with a Port. This is the Residence of a Vicroy and Archbishop The other chief Towns are Arica Arcquipa St. Miguel on the Sea and in the Inland Potosi near the famous Mountain of the same Name wherein are inexhaustible Mines of Gold and Silver La Plata so called for its Silver Mines San Juan del Oro and some others The Original Natives of this Kingdom have for the most part been extirpated by their Conquerors and those that were not were converted to the Catholick Faith so that there are several of them Suffragant Bishops to the Archbishop of Lima. The Countrey of Cinnamon lies betwixt Peru and Guiana it was so called by reason that there were Trees found there whose Bark had a great affinity to the true Cinnamon There are no Towns nor Villages observed there Tucuman is between Chili and the Region De la Plata and hath St. Jago del Estero for its chief Town We must now see what are the Mountains Capes Rivers and Streights of this New World It s chief Mountains are the Andes or Las Cordilleras which lie to the East of Peru. The Ingas caused ways to be cut out in them which surpassed all that the Roman Grandure ever could do They filled up deep Valleys and cut through high Rocks the remains of which prodigious Works are still to be seen In Mexico the Mount Popochampeche continually casts out Flames The most famous Capes are Cape Breton Cape Florida the North Cape and that of St. Augustin It s greatest Rivers are that of St. Lawrence in Canada of the Holy Ghost in Florida Oranoka Maragnon the River of Amazones and Rio de la Plata in South America all which run into the North Sea no considerable Rivers fall into the South Sea The most noted Streights are towards the North those of Davies and Hudson towards the South the Streights of Magellan Le Maire and Brouvers of which we shall speak after that we have considered the Islands that lie about this Continent CHAP. IV. The Isles of AMERICA WE shall in the first place view the Isles of the North Sea which are the most considerable for there are but very few in the South Sea and we shall proceed from North to South New-Foundland is an Island near the Bay of St. Lawrence and Land of Canada upon the Banks of which there is a great Cod-fishing The Isles of Assumption is in the Bay of St. Lawrence and the Sandy Island to the South of New-foundland The Bermudas are in the middle of the Ocean and the Bahaman Islands to the East of Florida Cuba lies to the South of them and upon the Mouth of the Bay of Mexico it is above Two hundred Leagues in length and about Threescore in breadth St. Jago is its chief City and an Episcopal Seat Next to that is the Havana where the Spanish Flota Rendevouze and meets on their return homeward from America it lies on the West of the Island and almost opposite to Cape Florida Hispaniola called likewise St. Domingo and by the Natives Haity is about Three hundred Leagues in circumference and lies Eastward from Cuba The Capital City which gives it the Name is St. Domingo the Residence of a Viceroy and Seat of an Archbishop The object of Avarice is found there I mean Gold and Silver Mines The Spaniards have dispeopled these two Islands and banished the Natives as they did from most of the others Jamaica lies South from Cuba and belongs to England the Two chief Towns of it are St. Jago de la Vega otherway called the Spanish Town by whom it was built and Port Royal or the Point built by the English and an excellent Harbour the Governour of the Island resides in the former It is rich and in a flourishing condition St. John de Portorico is to the East of Hispaniola its chief Town which is that of St. John has an excellent Harbour This Island was formerly called Boriquen The Caribbe Islands are to the East of the former and as it were at the Mouth of the Gulph of Mexico which they seem to shut they lie ranked in form of a Crescent and reach from North to South The most remarkable of them are Barbadoes St. Christophers Guadaloupe Dominico Martinico Antego Grenada and the Trinity The English Dutch and French possess most part of them Margareta lies somewhat more Westerly and the Fishing of Pearls which gave it its name renders it famous The Natives of these Islands as in many places of the main Land were Man Eaters or Canibals but at present the greatest part of them are destroyed or forced to seek some other way of living The Isle of Cayenne is near the main Land upon the Coast of Guiana an Island made by the Mouth of a River called also Cayenne The French had settled there and printed Relations of it but in the late Wars the Hollanders dispossessed them and have planted a Colony of their own The Isle of Maranhaon is also at the Mouth of a River that likewise carries the same name The South Sea has very few Islands near to America these are only found there Mocha on the Coast of Chily is an Island of some consideration Califurnia hath been long taken for a Continent but it is at length found to be an Island supposed to be divided from the Land of Jesso by the Straits of Anien and from New Granada by a pretty large Channel which is called the Vermilian Sea The Isles of St. Thomas Nublada and Rocapartida are to the South of Califurnia The Isles of Salomon are in the middle of the South Sea towards the Coasts of New Guinea And now you have Reader what we thought fit to speak of this New World When it was discovered the Inhabitants were either plunged in Idolatry or void of all Religion Of this kind were the People of Brasile Those of Mexico worshiped Idols and Sacrificed Men unto them they plucked out the Hearts of those wretched Victims and threw them at the Feet of their Gods made of Gold and Silver The People of Peru were more moderate in their Worship their Sacrifices were not so cruel they chose for their God the most Glorious of all the Lights of Heaven but they believed him not the Almighty for they assigned a Father and Soveraign to him as well as to all other created Beings and called him as we have already said Pachacamac But it is strange that in all this vast Continent there was no trace of Christianity to be found all of them were ignorant of that yea and of a matter of far less importance though of great use I mean of writing They could not conceive how a piece of Paper could convey the words and thoughts of People at a great distance to one another We may affirm that these Countreys are every way far distant from ours The Beasts Plants Flowers and Fruits are quite different from what are amongst us and the People of Europe imparted theirs to them with the Religion that they profess CHAP. V. The TERRA AUSTRALIS NORTH POLE Betwixt the 30 and 40 degrees of South Latitude and the 210 and 220 of Longitude some late Maps mark a Countrey which they call New Zealand discovered in the year One thousand six hundred and fifty four Under the same Latitude but between the 160 and 170 degrees of Longitude they mark another Land discovered in the year One thousand six hundred and fourty two called Antony van Diemanland Under the same Longitude and the Tropick of Caprioorn they place a Countrey called New-Holland discovered in the year One thousand six hundred and forty four New Guinea is near the Molucca's but it is believed to be an Island and it is not certain whether the Lands we have just now named be Isles or parts of the Continent To the South of the Cape of Good Hope it is supposed that there is Land and some have called it the Land of Parrets They talk of some Kingdoms there but all the knowledge we have of those Countreys is very uncertain for no progress has been made into them some small Touches of the Coast have only been discovered Time and Industry may possibly afford us greater Discoveries CHAP. VI. The Land near the ARCTICK or NORTH POLE. ABout this Pole are Greenland Nova Zembla and Spitzberge with some other Countreys of which we know very little It is certain that some have sailed within Eight degrees of the Pole and it is affirmed that the Hollanders have been under the very Pole but with what truth I shall not adventure to say It is thought by some That about that place America is joyned to the Continent either on the side of Asia or of that of Europe but nothing of it is yet certain It is to be observed that America reaches North to the 70 degree or farther and South to the 52 or 53 degree of Latitude so that it lies partly in the Torrid Zone partly in the North and South temperate Zones and partly in the Northern Frozen Zone Thus Reader I have given you a short and as exact Description of the Earth as I could and have said nothing but what I thought true The little knowledge that we have of the Inland parts of these quarters of the World together with the uncertainty of the Relations of different Travellers made me unwilling to impose upon you for truth those things that I was not well satisfied in my self which has rendred this Treatise possibly more short than the Vast tract of Land it pretends to describe may seem to require FINIS