Selected quad for the lemma: city_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
city_n	call_v	great_a	province_n	5,554	4	7.9737	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A42127	Chorographia, or, A survey of Newcastle upon Tine the estate of this country under the Romans : the building of the famous wall of the Piets, by the Romans : the ancient town of Pandon : a briefe description of the town, walls, wards, churches, religious houses, streets, markets, fairs, river and commodities, with the suburbs : the ancient and present government of the town : as also, a relation of the county of Northumberland, which was the bulwark for England, against the introdes of the Scots : their many castles and towers : their ancient Cheviot-Hills, of Tinedale, and Reedsdale, with the inhabitants.	Gray, William, fl. 1649.	1649 (1649)	Wing G1975; ESTC R10141	20,120	58

any manner of goods wares and marchandizes in or any place of the River but onely at the Key of Newcastle Also granted Commissioners to measure Keeles King Edward the sixth grants the Town of Gateside to be united to the Town of Newcastle Repealed by Queen Mary Sir Thomas White Lord Mayor of London gave one hundred pound yearely to the chief Cities and Towns of England for ever to be lent to foure Clothiers Merchants for ten yeares without interest The Town of Newcastle enjoyeth her hundred pound in her turn The first hundred pound which came to Newcastle was in 1599. The noblest gift that ever was given in England by any subject Some think in time it will ingrosse the most of the money in this land THE HIGHEST AND NORTH PARTS OF THE TOWN THE ancient parts of the Town of Newcastle was in the upper parts of it about Newgate where are many old houses and cottages which served these religious houses with provisions This part of the Town is called to this day the Hucksters Booths These people in those dayes had their livelihood from those Fryers and Nuns that lived in that part of the Town In after ages the Burgesses and good men of the Town began to trade and venture beyond the seas into forraigne places they builded many ships procured a Charter from the Kings of England to carry Fels beyond seas and bring in sorraign commodities The Staple was then at Antwerp in Brabant called Commune totius Europa Emporium This Charter of the Merchant Adventurers was the first Charter that was granted by any King to any Town After which Grant this town flourished in trading builded many faire houses in the Flesh Market then called the Cloath Market The Merchants had their shops and warehouses there in the back parts of their houses the River of Tine slowed and ebbed where boats came up with commodities which trade of merchandizes continued many years In that street the Mayors Aldermen and richest men of the Town lived In after times the Merchants removed lower down towards the River to the street called the Side and Sandhill where it continueth unto this day THE SANDHILL Now let us describe unto you the other Streets and Markets in this Town First of the Sandhill a Market for fish and other commodities very convenient for Merchant Adventurers Merchants of Coales and all those that have their living by shipping There is a navigable River and a long Key or Wharfe where ships may lye safe from danger of stormes and may unlode their commodities and wares upon the Key In it is two Cranes for heavy commodities very convenient for carrying of corn wine deales c. from the Key into the Water-Gates which is along the Key side or into any quarter of the Town In this Market place is many shops and stately houses for Merchants with great conveniences of water bridge garners losts cellars and houses of both sides of them Westward they have a street called the Close East the benefit of the houses of the Key side In this Sandhill standeth the Town-Court or Guild-Hall where is held the Guilds every yeare by the Major and Burgesses to offer up their grievances where the Major keepeth his Court every Munday and the Sheriffe hath his County-Court upon Wednesday and Fryday In it is kept a Court of Admiralty or River Court every Munday in the afternoon This is a Court of Record for inroling of deeds and evidences There is a Court of Pye-powder during the said two Faires Lammas and Saint Luke All the priviledges and power that a Court-Leet can have is granted to this Court Under the Town-Court is a common Weigh-house for all sorts of commodities King Henry the sixth sent to this Town as to other Cities and Towns brasse weights according to the standard Neer this is the Town-house where the Clarke of the Chamber and Chamberlains are to receive the revenues of the Town for coale ballist salt grindstones c. Next adjoyning is an Almes-house called the Mason de Dien builded by that noble benefactor Roger de Thorneton Above which is the stately Court of the Merchant Adventurers of the old Staple resident at that flourishing City of Antwarpe in Brabant since removed to the more Northern Provinees under the States Their Charters are ancient their priviledges and immunities great they have no dependance upon London having a Governour twelve Assistants two Wardens and a Secretary There is an old Chappell upon the Brid Next West is a street called the Close where are many stately houses of Merchants and others The Earle of Northumberland had his house in this street Neer the Sandhill East is Allliallows Banck or Butehers Banck where most Butchers dwell the way to Allhallows Church the South side of which is many Chaires or Lanes that goeth down to the Key side THE MIDDLE PARTS OF THE TOWN NEXT up street is the street called the Side In the lower part of it standeth a faire Crosse with columnes of stones hewn covered with lead where is sold milk egges butter c. In the Side is shops for Merchants Drapers and other trades In the middle of the Side is an ancient stone house an appendix to the Castle which in former times belonged to the Lord Lumleys before the Castle was built or at least coetany with the Castle Next up the Town North is Middle-street where all sorts of Artificers have shops and houses The West side of this street is the Oatemeale Market On the East side of it is the Flesh Market I think the greatest Market in England for all sorts of Flesh and Poultry that is sould there every Saterday the reason is not the populousnesse of the Town that makes it it is the people in the Country within ten miles of the Town who makes their provision there as likewise all that lives by Coale-trade for working and conveying Coales to the water as also the shipping which comes into this River for Coales there being sometimes three hundred sayles of ships In this Market is kept two Faires in the yeare for nine dayes together one of them at that remarkable time of the yeare the first of August the other is held the eighteenth of October upon Saint Lukes day Next above North is the Bigg and Oate Market every Tuesday and Saterday in the week In which street is an ancient house with a large gate called the Scots Inn where the Kings Nobility and Lards of Scots lodged in time of truee or league with England PILGRIM STREET EAST again is Pilgrim Street the longest and fairest street in the Town In it is a Market for Wheat and Rye every Tuesday and Saterday Likewise an house called the Pilgrims Inn where Pilgrims lodged that came to visit the Shrine in Gesmond or Jesu de Munde which occasioned to call this street Pilgrim-street In the upper part of this street is a Princely house built out of the ruines of the Black Fryers Both East and West

betwixt the Tower or Sentinell Houses that so soone as a man had set his mouth to this Pipe they might heare through all the Sentinells where the Enemy were and so in a short time giving warning from one end of the wall to the other One of these Towers remaineth whole in the Towne wall of Newcastle in Pampden older then the rest of the Towers and after another fashion standing out of the wall THE NORTH BROUGHT INTO A ROMAN PROVINCE AT this same time began this Country to flourish being reduced into a Roman Province to be civilized to learne Roman Letters habits and manners for before this time the inhabitants went naked had no houses to live in neither did they till the ground as one writeth De praeda venatione frondibusque arborum vivunt degunt in tentoriis nudi sine calceis Xiphilin This Countrey had the presence of the Emperours of Rome Yorke a Municipium of the Romans and the seat of their Emperours during the time of their abode in this Island attending the warres of the Picts and Caleedonians famous for the death and funeral exequies of the Emperour Severus and Constantius and the happy Inauguration of Constantine the Great sonne to Constantius here beginning his Reigne over the Roman and Christian world I finde in the time of the Romans many places in Northumberland that was their stations about this famous wall called sometimes Vallum a Rampire sometimes Murus Pictious or Murus Severi The most remarkeable is upon the Tine-West-Hexam called of old Axelodunum the station of the first Cohort of Spaniards a Bishops Sea under the Saxons Corebridge Curia of Ptolemy a city of the Otadeni Prudo Castle the station of the first Cohort of the Batavi Sighhill of old called Segedunum the station of the fourth Cohort named of the Lergi Pons Aelii the station of a Cohort of Cornavii now Ponteland Gabrosentum the station of the second Cohort of the Thracians probably saith my Author * Newcastle upon Tine Pampden a part of Newcastle probably a station of the Romans having an ancient Roman Tower and another ancient building called the Wall-Knowle a part of the Picts Wall This Towne of Pampden is very ancient probable some building was erected here in this place to their great god Pantheon this Wall being the outmost confines of the Roman Empire called now Pandon I finde of the Kings of Northumberland that had a house in Pampden which we call now Pandon-Hall an ancient old building and Seat of the Kings of Northumberland Tunnocellum the station of the first Cohort named Aelia Classica now Tinemouth at the mouth of Tine There is a Village neere Newcastle called Hetton where there is an old Roman Tower probably named from the Proconsull Aetius who was sent from Rome into these Parts whom the Britains petitioned for help in these words Aetio ter Consuli gemitus Britannorum c. Repellunt nos barbari ad Mare repellit Mare ad barbaros inter hac oriuntur duo genera funerum aut jugulamur aut mergimur Beda When the Romans had their Empire much weakened by their own discords and by the irruptions of the Gothes and Vandals Proconsull Aetius was forced to retire their Legions from the Northerne parts so leaving the Country naked the Picts did breake in who most miserably wasted and spoyled the Countrey THE COMMING IN OF THE SAXONS THUS Britaine became a prey againe to the Picts when the Britains had despaired of Romane help they sent into Germany to crave help of a People called Saxons who entered and inhabited Britaine to their ayde against the Picts The Picts being vanquished and overthrowne through their valour possessed themselves of this North Kingdome upon the driving out of the Native Britains The victorious Sexons erected their Heptarchy or seven severall Kingdomes The Kingdome of Northumbers was the most spacious populous and victorious Kingdome against the Picts or Scots untill the Danes invaded these Northerne parts and broke out like a violent thunder-clap on the Northumbers and put the English Saxons to much slavery and bondage many yeares untill they were expelled by the English The Kingdome of Northumbers being in Peace began to build and erect many strong Castles for defence against the Scots and Picts as Dunstonbrough Castle Bambrough Alnewicke Morpeth and Tinemouth which was the Seats of the Kings of Northumbers In time of this Heptarchy many famous Monasteries were erected viz. Hexam made a Bishops Sea under the Saxons many erected in this Towne of Newcastle and Pandon Some of their Kings were interred in Saint Augustines Friers now called the Mannors The upper Part and West was called Monk Chester before the Conquest a place wholly dedicated to Devotion and Religion Chester signifies a bulwarke or place of defence which sheweth that in ancient time under the Saxons it had been a place of Fortification for Religious men that lived in Monasteries THE FIRST DENOMINATIONS OF NEWCASTLE AFTER the Conquest it got the name of Newcastle by the New-Castle which Robert de Curtois sonne of William the Conquerour built there out of the ground against the neighbouring Scots This Towne of Newcastle and Towne of Pampden made one Towne by the Grants of the Kings of England being in old time belonging to the County of Northumberland This Towne of Newcastle is seated upon the Picts wall and side of a steep hill upon the North side of the River Tine The Picts wall came through the West-Gate Saint Nicholas Church through Pampden then to the Towne East called Wallsend The bounds of the Towne upon the West the Lands belonging to the Priour of Tinemouth On the North the Towne Moore as some say the gift of Adam de Athell of Gesmond Upon the East the Land of Biker Upon the South the River of Tine Gateside in the County Palatine of Durham THE WALLS AND GATES OF NEWCASTLE AND WHO BUILT THEM THE Towne of Newcastle is environed about with a strong thick stone wall having seven Gates or Ports with many round Towers and square Turrets These Walls began to be built in King Johns Reigne the North part of the Wall at Newgate The West part of the Towne in King Henry the third's reigne Pandon Gate and the East and South of the Townes Wall builded in Edward the first his Reigne and so continued building untill it was finished The Towne is two miles in circuit with trenches in the out-side of the Wall rampered within with earth The cause that moved them in those dayes to build this great Wall was the often invasions of the Scot into this place and Country they were continually infesting and sorraigning this Country and rich Monasteries in these Northerne parts the Religious Houses of this Towne and adjacent being above forty houses which hath been dedicated to pious uses There was a rich man in Edward the first's Reigne of Newcastle that was taken prisoner out of his house and carried into Scotland ransomed and